text:
Talk:United States congressional delegations from Maryland

Merger
Please see Wikipedia talk:WikiProject U.S. Congress - For a discussion about merging over 100 US Congress-related articles.

U.S. House year blocks
Someone recently came in and expanded the U.S. House section, but when I was going through existing member pages, I noticed that some of these years that the blocks encompass are off by 1-2 years. So if someone could clean it up, that would be great. -- tomf688 (talk) 02:31, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * Can you give an example of some that are off? --Golbez 02:36, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * Rogers Morton served until 1971, but it shows him serving through 1973; and D'Alesandro served from 1939-47, but it shows him serving until 49 (just to name two that I can see... I'm sure there are others). I think most of the problems come from people who resigned or died during their terms. -- tomf688 (talk) 03:19, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)

 * To be honest, all 50 state pages are rough drafts that I put up until I could get better reference material. I plan to soon, then I'll redo them. However, in the case of Morton, do you know if he ran for reelection in 1970? Because if he did, and if he won, then he would have been sworn in Jan 3 1971 - as part of the 92nd congress. He could then have resigned to be Secretary of the Interior, and it's possible they never held a special election to replace him. That's possibly what happened. I won't know til I get my reference book. Same deal with D'Alesandro, though - He was sworn in on Jan 3 1947 (or whatever the swear-in date was back then) as part of the 80th congress, and he died during his term, and it's possible again that he was not replaced. He is certainly part of the 80th congress, so there's no error there. That may be the cause of most of the supposed errors. --Golbez 06:02, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm pretty sure successors were elected. Gladys Noon Spellmen's term has it going through 1983, but Hoyer was elected in a special election in May of 1981.  By the way: D'Alesandro and Morton resigned to assume other positions (Mayor of Baltimore and Sec of the Interior). -- tomf688 (talk) 02:50, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)

 * Spellmen is a good example of a problem with these tables - Not readable enough. Put a straightedge up to the screen, and you'll see that the line denoting the end of her term is slightly aboe the end of the 1981-1983 congress, and that Hoyer's line thus begins during that congress. However, this is difficult to see without a ruler. That's why these should only be taken as general graphs; if you want specific info, click the names. --Golbez 04:46, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)

Should be more than slightly above, considering that she resigned at the very beginning of the Congress. :) -- tomf688 (talk) 02:31, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)

 * Sadly, there's no way to tell the table where to start the next cell. I could make all the cells wider and try it that way, but it would probably just compress the unused bits. --Golbez 07:01, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)

Super Table
Guys, I have never seen such a useful table! Certainly nothing as useful and visual in a print form. Keep working at it, it is worth it. I would like to see the House go back even further (to satisfy my interest in the Blair/Byron dynasties). Paul, in Saudi 16:42, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the kind words :) As I keep saying, I plan to do it once I have a better reference book. The reason it doesn't go back very far is simple - it would be a large table. Lemme explain that - With many of the old states that stretch back that far, it's essentially two tables - pre-Civil War and post war. You'll notice I haven't done many of the northern colonial states purely for that reason, the southern ones were much easier because there was the gap there caused by the war. :) I hope to get back to this within a few weeks. --Golbez 17:52, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)

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Talk:Yagi–Uda antenna

Traps
A trap is not just a coil, it is a combination of a coil and a capacitor in parallel. The values for the capacitor and coil are chosen such that the trap is resonant in the middle of the band for which it is designed.

For example, if you were to design a triband yagi for 14, 21 and 28 Mhz, you would have the 2 28 MHz traps located closest to the boom, then the 2 21 MHz traps, followed by the final length of element beyond the trap.

The resonant circuit of the trap isolates the outer portions of the element from the inner portion. If you were to look at the representation for an yagi antenna element, you would see that it has 2 traps on each side of the boom. The trap's function is to isolate the outer portion from the inner portion of the element. For example, if you were to use this antenna on 21 MHz (i.e. the 15 meter band), only the portion of the antenna between the '21MHz' traps is active.

"--21MHz-28MHz-X-28MHz-21MHz--"

X = Boom

A dip meter is typically used to determine the resonant frequency of a trap.

Source: The ARRL Handbook for Radio Amateurs (1991). Antenna Fundamentals p. 17-14. Newington CT: American Radio Relay League.

Energy Flow Diagram
Nice article! Possibly a bit too deep too quickly. Remember, we are not all wireless communications experts ;-)

Can you please provide a key for the energy flow diagram on this page? What is electric field, what is magnetic filed, what is physical antenna etc...

Perhaps we could also provide a link from here back to Tesla's experiments with wireless transmission of electrical energy.

darkside2010 00:26, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

 * As you say, not everyone is a wireless communication expert, but one would be even less of one if one believed much of what is written here. I've no idea what that is supposed to be showing. Since you raised this point more than 3 years ago, and nobody has substantiated it, I think I'll remove it. Drkirkby (talk) 09:21, 18 October 2009 (UTC)

Element Spacing & Design
The statement about spacing between elements being "approximately 1/4 of a wavelength" is wrong. While spacing varies depending on design, the normal spacing is about 1/8 of a wavelength.

A good source we should footnote is http://www.cebik.com. Mr. Cebik has written a large number of articles on antenna design, many of which cover details of Yagis in far more detail than is appropriate for an encyclopedia.

Off2Explore 19:16, 27 April 2006 (UTC)

Diagram Inaccuracies
The diagram needs to be revised. The text suggests that the reflector and director are 105% and 95% of the driven element length, yet the artist has rendered .55 lambda and .45 lambda.

 * This article appears to contradict itself; the text has the elements on quarter-wavelength spacing (which is plausible) but the illustration image:Antena yagiuda500.png denotes one-tenth wavelength spacing. I'm presuming these aren't both correct? --66.102.80.212 (talk) 20:22, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

I found a calculator that uses a .15 lambda spacing (noted as ARRL's recommendation) and a .20 lambda spacing, referencing DL6WU. The diagram could be enhanced by indicating the range of acceptable element spacings (.10 through .25 or ?). The article could be enhanced by explaining the effects of spacing.

 * theoretically all spacings will work :) however, because spacing changes the impedance at the feed point of the driven element(dipole), and in the real world we only have the choice of a few cable impedances with which to connect our antenna you will see 1/10 to 1/8 wavelength typicallyBazzaar (talk) 23:36, 2 September 2009 (UTC)
 * Can you provide any professional reference (not amateur site) that theoretically all spacings will work? Of course you can not, since it is simply not true. Even among radio hams I have never herd that one. Drkirkby (talk) 09:17, 18 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I was taught that the reflector should be about half a wavelength behind the active element and that the director(s) are typically separated from each other and the active element by about a quater of a wavelength each but that there's more scope for variation with the directors. BrianDGregory (talk) 15:14, 18 November 2010 (UTC)
 * The diagram that shows the same one tenth wavelength between the reflector and active element as between the active element and director must surely be regarded as totally wrong. Simply making an element a little longer will not change it from a director into a reflector, it's mainly the spacing that does that. BrianDGregory (talk) 15:14, 18 November 2010 (UTC)

"I also took a specialist course in Antennas and Radar as part of an MSc. degree in microwaves and optoelectronics" did you pass? I cant tell, but your lack of understanding indicates not. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bazzaar (talk • contribs) 14:14, 24 March 2010 (UTC)

Wording
"If one holds out one's arms to form a dipole and has the reflector behind oneself, one would receive signals with maximum gain from in front of oneself"

...Um, no, one cannot receive signals with one's arms. Not even if one wears a tinfoil hat. Why not just say that the antenna receives signals with maximum gain from the direction of the director (or smaller element)? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.231.124.188 (talk) 05:58, 16 June 2008 (UTC)

Cardioid?
Why exactly is Cardioid listed as a related article? The word shows up nowhere else in the entire article. Was it used in a previous version of the article? 67.82.99.84 (talk) 02:38, 26 October 2008 (UTC)

Whoops, I forgot to sign in. CarVac (talk) 02:40, 26 October 2008 (UTC)
 * It's not clear to me any relevance either. It has been removed Drkirkby (talk) 09:33, 18 October 2009 (UTC)

Probably had to do with a no-longer-present comparison of the radiation pattern between a yagi and a visually-confusable Log-periodic_antenna --Rob* (talk) 01:04, 22 September 2013 (UTC)

Description
description of this antenna type is confused with that of the log periodic type;

"directors progressively shorter than a half wavelength to couple signals of increasingly higher frequencies onto the dipole"

no, the elements in a Yagi are progressively shorter so that the phase angle of the signal in each director is changed in such a way that only in the desired direction do they combine in phase and cancel in all other directions, this is the fundamental property of the Yagi which is missing from this article

the log periodic has progressively shorter elements to allow it to cover a greater frequency range, but it has no "the dipole" the whole array is driven

excepting the use of traps, the Yagi is a narrowband antenna(a few percent of design frequency) and the log periodic a broadband antenna(octave frequency coverage)Bazzaar (talk) 23:27, 2 September 2009 (UTC)

Article is far too amateurish
Clearly most if not all of this article was written by amateur radio operator (a ham). I have nothing against them (I am one myself). But I know that a lot of this is very poor by the standards of Wikipedia. It is clearly within the scope of amateur radio, but I do not believe that the article should be written with only radio hams in mind. Specific issues I see:

 * Terms like good match are not appropriate.
 * I'm not sure what that energy flow diagram is supposed to say.
 * The sentence Typically, all elements are arranged at approximately a one-quarter-wavelength mutual spacing, with directors progressively shorter than a half wavelength to couple signals of increasingly higher frequencies onto the dipole. is total rubbish. The directors need to be shorter even for use at only a single frequency.
 * The sentence says a quarter wave spacing, the diagram a tenth of a wavelength.
 * Talk of 15 and 20 meter bands is not professional.
 * Many of the references are to poor sources. ham-shack.com and what-is-what.com are not in my opinion sensible references. There are plenty of good books written about this subject. One fairly good one was published by the ARRL, but was a lot more technical than most of the rubbish in ham journals.
 * No mention is made of the fact that the physical length of the elements must be shorter than the electrical lengths.

The article is flawed in too may ways to list really. If this was a device not used by amateurs, then it would have been written in a completely different way. The fact it used by amateur radio operators (hams) means it is obviously attracts edits from hams, and some of the content needs to be understandable by them.

I'd personally like to see the name changed to Yagi-Uda, as it is known professionally. Yagi has taken almost all of the credit for this in the eyes of the public, yet Uda done more of the work. The reasons for it often being known as a Yagi are stated, but I believe personally it should be renamed.

 * My understanding is that the correct terminology is 'Yagi-Uda array', not antenna. Can't find a ref, though. Was in a radio-engineering text book. 2001:44B8:3102:BB00:18C:A1DE:545B:36AC (talk) 20:18, 2 November 2017 (UTC)

I'm reluctant to try to clean this up, since I suspect 90% of the current editors of the page would hate me for it.

There might be some merit in having a section with a title something like Use in amateur radio and keep some of the more basic things there.

The Yagi-Uda antenna is more complex than the dipole, yet a comparison of the two articles shows the dipole is written in much better detail.

I'm trying to see this from two points of view. I am a ham, and have used Yagis on 2m. I also took a specialist course in Antennas and Radar as part of an MSc. degree in microwaves and optoelectronics.

I'm going to rate this as poor. Drkirkby (talk) 08:56, 18 October 2009 (UTC)

I agree with Drkirkby, much can be done to improve this article but I think improving Wikipedia is more important than hurting egos. I would therefore like to urge Drkirkby or any other knowledgeable users to jump in and start correcting where they can. Skaapgif (talk) 17:30, 24 May 2010 (UTC)

scale drawings
It is easy to locate online DL6WU ARRL k7mem javascript yagi calculators, and downloadable programs and spreadsheets. But they all seem to just generate numbers. Are there any custom generators of yagi layout scale drawings, html pdf jpg etc? For smaller indoor antennas 1:1 scale plots would be very useful, since anyone could just cut pieces of coat hangers and tape them to cardboard to assemble most of the antenna! -71.174.188.137 (talk) 20:02, 12 May 2010 (UTC)

This article contradicts itself in too many ways
In the diagram it says the reflector is .55 x wavelength longer while in the first paragraph it says 5% longer and shorter. Those are different by a little. Later, in the next paragraph, it says "all elements are typically placed a quarter of a wavelength apart" while the diagram shows them as being a tenth of a wavelength apart. Those are different by a lot. Daniel Christensen (talk) 09:08, 29 September 2010 (UTC)

Use as television antennas?
TELEVISON ANTENNAS MAY HAVE BEEN YAGI IN EARLY DAYS BUT ARE MOST COMMONLY LOG PERIODIC DIPOLE ANTENNAS https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Log-periodic_antenna THIS ARTICLE IS VERY WRONG AND MISLEADING — Preceding unsigned comment added by 107.3.141.164 (talk) 00:18, 22 September 2019 (UTC)

I think I know something about antenna theory and about yagis. But I repeatedly run into claims that directional TV rooftop antennas are often yagis, as is repeated in this article. I simply cannot believe that, due to the narrowband characteristics of yagis compared to the very wide frequency range of either the low or high VHF (or the UHF) TV bands. The bandwidth of a yagi wouldn't even cover the full bandwidth of a single TV channel! I know that bandwidth is increased by using thick elements, but not that much. Does anyone have a really good reason to believe that yagis are used as commercial rooftop TV antennas? (Having heard it 1000 times doesn't count!). I know that some, but I suspect all, are actually log-periodic dipole arrays (which ARE very wideband!) Interferometrist (talk) 16:10, 1 April 2011 (UTC)

 * I know live audio reinforcement more than broadcast, but I should think the TV reception antennas would be log periodic dipoles much like the Shure UA870X that I use to pick up wireless microphone signals between FOH and stage. Log periodic dipoles have a fairly wide bandwidth; same as desired in television. I don't have any sources. Binksternet (talk) 17:18, 1 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Well I did a little research on Google to see what I would find if I were trying to buy a TV antenna over the internet, or other things written about them. And indeed there is a lot of poor and sloppy information, but the antennas (with a few exceptions) are not Yagis at all on closer examination even though they may have included that word in their general advertising. The ones that look anything like yagis are indeed log-periodic dipole arrays (LPDA). One was called a "LPDA-Yagi" so I looked closely and it was a LPDA for UHF TV with some Yagi directors on the front to assist the upper frequency range. And it was possible to buy ACTUAL Yagis but, as we were saying about the narrow bandwidth, you had to order it for a SINGLE VHF TV channel! (And they made ones for UHF where they divided the UHF TV range up into about 8 subbands and you could order one that would work over such a frequency range). So there might be people in very fringe areas who need to pick up a single channel from the nearest city and the Yagi could give them a lot more gain, but for a second station they'd need to buy a second antenna. Some of the other antennas included a plane reflector with a phased array of up to 8 dipoles, and ones based on a corner reflector. But as I suspected, almost all of the directional TV antennas that might have been confused with a Yagi were not, they were LPDA's. So knowing that I will know to change those mis-statements in WP articles where I run across them.
 * By the way, I find it surprising that the Shure antenna (I looked it up) is a log-periodic when in fact it was only using a narrow band (the only point of log-periodic antennas was to be very wideband). Perhaps they just made one model which could then also be used for other devices at different frequencies. The last time I was involved in sound reinforcement (long ago before I went back to grad school) every mike plugged into a big connector box with a huge cable, a "snake" which went all the way back to the soundboard. I remember hearing about wireless mikes which weren't considered reliable and even a wireless snake, but didn't stick around to ever see one. :-)  Interferometrist (talk) 20:40, 3 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Hmm, that particular Shure model might not be the best example, though it certainly is a popular one. Other log periodic UHF microphone antenna models can be found with wider frequency range, around one octave—a doubling of frequency from bottom to top. There's an Audio-Technica model that goes from 440 to 900 MHz, an Audix model that covers 470 to 870 MHz, the Sennheiser A2003-UHF which stretches from 450 to 960, the Shure PA805SWB from 470 to 952, and the Shure PA705: 620 to 870 MHz. I pick antennas that are sensitive to narrower bands than these when I have a difficult RF environment to work with, so that my RF front end is not fighting through so many stray signals. The wider wideband antennas are handy for the generalist. Binksternet (talk) 21:13, 3 April 2011 (UTC)

 * OK, it was just that I was looking at a web page describing that model (maybe not the best place) and it mentioned using it over a 6MHz band at 800 something MHz which is quite narrowband, not a reason to use a LP antenna. But now you're mentioning wider frequency ranges. As I said, I have no knowledge about wireless mikes or how you're using them. Are you saying that there are a bunch of mikes on stage each at a different frequency (but nearby frequencies?) and that you aim a LPDA from the soundboard toward the stage to pick up all of them? Using one receiver, or multiple receivers fed from the same antenna? What about getting the mixer output to the power amps near the stage (if that's where they are) and the monitor signals to the stage, is that another wireless system altogether then?
 * Anyway, I don't know what frequencies are used by these mikes but now you're mentioning antennas that do work over a surprisingly large frequency range. As they should if they are LP. But I can't help but noticing that these are similar to the TV UHF band. Are you sure that these aren't just UHF TV antennas that have been repackaged (and surely jacking up the price!) for this application? The one you have: about how long is it and how many elements? If it goes down to 450MHz then its longer elements should be about 30cm wide and the length of the antenna (and number of elements) will be greater for more gain, though in this case I don't see why you would really need gain (are the mikes' transmitters weak?) or directionality (too much and you couldn't cover the whole stage at once, if that's what you're trying to do). But most LPDA's are just weakly directional, but mainly wideband. If you only needed a narrowband, then a simple dipole or 2-element Yagi would seem a better choice.
 * Now on to a different subject. Since you're in the field could you please look at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Vacuum_tube#Vacuum_tube_mike_preamps_--_why.3F.3F and comment if you have an opinion. Thanks!  Interferometrist (talk) 23:44, 5 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Got your tube answer in, but I hedged.
 * About LPDA antennas: yes, they are aimed at a number of wireless microphones which send a very narrowband signal and which tried historically to slot themselves in between the UHF TV signal components. After recent FCC changes for the USA, fewer frequency bands are legally available but they are not clogged with analog TV signals. The wide-range antenna picks up a bunch of microphone RF signals that are around 5 to 10 milliwatts, and sends them to a receiver distribution amplifier which then sends this amplified mass to the individual microphone receiver front ends. Those front ends focus on the narrow region of interest and pick out the desired microphone signal. I like to make it easier on the front end by giving it more of what it wants; a task accomplished by narrower antenna designs such as dipoles and narrow band LPDAs. Binksternet (talk) 02:01, 6 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Here in the UK, the vast majority of broadcast receiving aerials are Yagi. Log-periodics are sometimes seen for UHF where that type's advantages (wide bandwidth and high front-to-back ratio) are needed in preference to the relatively low gain, but in most areas all you will see on roofs are Yagis of various types. Since most areas' channels are "grouped", wideband aerials are not normally required, though even these are Yagi.

 * We don't use VHF for television; Yagis for Band II (FM radio) and Band III (DAB) are designed to cover the entire band.

 * See http://www.aerialsandtv.com/aerials.html for a discussion on the various types. G7mzh (talk) 15:20, 15 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Hi, thanks for the comments and info. My previous web searches (above) naturally picked up mainly US sites, so I did another restricted to the UK (I hadn't realilzed that VHF television isn't used there). However based on that research my conclusion hasn't changed much, although the page YOU point to indeed DID discuss some Yagi antennas designed for a portion of the UHF band (not too different from what I mentioned in terms of the 6 or 8 Yagis sold for portions of the American UHF band which I think is a bit wider). And there were also some other antennas on that page that looked more Yagi-like than LPDA-like but weren't called either. However outside of the page you pointed me to, I didn't really find anywhere in the UK to buy an actual Yagi TV antenna..... but let me elaborate.

 * THIS one is called a Yagi and claims a 2:1 bandwidth which is way beyond belief:

http://www.moonraker.eu/TV-and-FM-Radio/TV-Uhf-Antennas/SUPER-18-YAGI-ANTENNA

 * No detailed specs are supplied but it mentions a gain of 12-13.6dB (consistent with an 18 element Yagi) but no details. It MIGHT be the same as the one I had seen earlier which was a UHF LPDA (which couldn't have had so much gain) that included a few directors (thus making it a Yagi -- not!) to help at the highest channels. Now this one only claims to be "Yagi style" and has even less detailed info:

http://stores.ebay.co.uk/Capital-Stores-Ltd/TV-Accessories-/_i.html?_nkw=yagi+antenna&_sacat=61394&_sid=104226305&_trksid=p4634.c0.m322

 * OK, I DID find an actual Yagi in the UK but this was 1) For the FM band and 2) Sold for broadcasting (presumably at a small or pirate station since it only accepts 800 watts):

http://www.broadcastwarehouse.com/label-/aky3/aky5-fm-yagi-antenna/59/product

 * Now the FM band is 20% wide which defies the conventional bandwidth of a Yagi (~5%). I do tend to believe (but this is hard to find in print) that Yagi's can be made wider band (conventionally with thicker elements, but further....) so this is not preposterous, though I still wonder if someone broadcasting with this wouldn't have it tuned to frequency. It claims SWR<1.35 over 88-108MHz which I really DON'T believe. The A-group Yagi antenna on the page you pointed to shows a gain within 3dB of peak over UK channels 25 - 40 (503 - 623 MHz), again a 20% bandwidth. It fails to mention the SWR change which would make it get more than 3dB worse when used for receiving (a transmitting antenna would usually have a matching device to tune it to the station's frequency so it would be less important then). As I said the Yagi's I found for the US VHF channels (intended for a rather select group of buyers) claimed to work for a SINGLE TV channel only (surely the upper VHF ones could work over 2 channels, 12 MHz, but you order it for the exact one you want to receive). This is all more believable. So are the Yagis sold in the UK for DAB which is a narrow band, among other narrowband apps such as CB.

 * So in summary I'm still puzzled as to whether a "Yagi" can work with a 20% bandwidth. But EVEN if so, most people (including in the UK) need a wider bandwidth if they are just looking for a "TV antenna" and indeed I didn't find Yagi's sold in the UK beyond what I just reported (of course I didn't search all day long, but as long as the average shopper would). You repeated what everyone else says, the conventional wisdom, found on several Wikipedia articles (for now....) but not backed up by either theory or Google shopping results. Thanks for your input though, -- Interferometrist (talk) 16:06, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Now I'm puzzled. If they're not Yagis, what are they? Admittedly, there are some wierd and wonderful designs that owe more to art than electronics, but they still follow the basic system of reflector - dipole - directors. Bandwidth can be altered by tweaking the length and spacing of the elements. In the old days of VHF television, aerials were generally single-channel (channel width 5MHz), since only one transmitter per band was available in most areas. (Which is why the old "ITV aerials" (Band III) won't work for DAB). G7mzh (talk) 19:47, 13 May 2011 (UTC)

 * Yes there is no question that Yagis have been used for television reception involving narrow bands (thus only 1-2 VHF or several UHF channels covered by one antenna). And that they are still available (as I pointed out) for special applications: I imagine that would include rural areas where a single VHF channel needs to be received with more gain than a LPDA supplies, and also for a repeater (or more likely a cable service) needing good reception of a single channel. But these exceptions do not include the average home with a roof antenna.

 * Yes, I am also puzzled and I do not claim to know what they are selling. To me the distinction is whether an antenna (regardless of its appearance or specifics) relies on electrical connections to multiple elements, or tuned parasitic elements. I consider the latter to be a "Yagi" of some sort, and cannot be very wideband. From browsing the web in search of the elusive Yagi TV antenna, what I have seen are:
 * UHF LPDA antennas with added directors for the highest frequencies only, thus they become a bit "Yagi" at those frequencies only
 * Antennas with a vertical corner reflector composed of horizontal elements. These could replace the single "reflector" element of a Yagi, but when they are part of a different sort of antenna, then no.
 * Antennas which are long with shorter elements toward the front, and these are not properly characterized nor is it obvious from their pictures how many elements are fed.

 * I can only assume that any antenna with a bandwidth >20% is not a Yagi since I have not anywhere seen that Yagis can be made so wideband, and if that were not true then I would be interested in finding out about it myself and would write it into the article. Until then, though, and with lack of any very concrete evidence that home rooftop TV antennas sold are actual Yagis, I have to conclude (and Wikipedia in fact demands) that conventional wisdom about them being called Yagis not be repeated. But any additional information that you or anyone can add to these observations is highly welcome! -- Interferometrist (talk) 14:18, 14 May 2011 (UTC)

So all Yagis are beams, but not all beams are Yagis? (Not counting logs). Maybe someone ought to write a decent article at Beam antenna and separate it from Directional antenna. Sadly, I'm not in a position to do so. G7mzh (talk) 21:46, 7 June 2011 (UTC)

 * If anyone is still interested, those antennas referred to above are all Yagis. Although a basic Yagi has a narrow bandwidth of <5%, from what I understand, the UHF Yagi TV antennas shown above use verious techniques to broaden the bandwidth.   The excellent website referred to above:
 * http://www.aerialsandtv.com/aerials.html
 * shows most of the techniques, although it doesn't really explain them. About 1/3 way down the page, under "Yagis, Double Yagis, Tri-Booms, and X-Beams" there is a block of four pictures, showing a "conventional", "double Yagi", "Tri-boom", and "X-Beam" antenna, that are good examples of the techniques used:
 * Thick elements The elements in all the UHF Yagis are generally thick and stubby, having a smaller length/diameter ratio than other Yagi antennas, and this increases the bandwidth (BW). This is particularly noticeable in the "conventional" Yagi (upper left). In addition many have folded dipole driven elements.  By itself the folded dipole has a BW of an octave; in a Yagi it wouldn't have that much, but it would broaden the BW. substantially.
 * Corner reflectors All the UHF Yagis have corner reflectors, some quite a bit bigger than the parasitic elements. This is a major source of wide BW.  A corner reflector antenna can have a gain of 10-15 dBi over a wide BW.   I have heard these antennas really act as two antennas; a wideband corner reflector that covers the lower end of the band, and a Yagi that provides extra gain at the upper end where it is needed.
 * Multiple Yagis The "double Yagi" (upper right) and the "Tri-Boom" (lower left) have multiple Yagi arrays that are tuned to different portions of the band, giving the combined antenna wide BW.  The "double Yagi" is really two Yagis side-by-side; each parasitic element is two rods insulated from each other in the center. The "Tri-Boom" is three Yagis.
 * X-Beam The elements in the "X-beam" antenna (lower right), driven and parasitic, are "bowtie" ("butterfly") dipoles made of a pair of V-shaped elements. These same type of  elements are used in reflective array UHF TV antennas; their wide BW is enough to cover the band.
 * -- Chetvorno TALK 02:44, 23 September 2014 (UTC)

The article is not comprehensive enough.
Nowadays, Wikipedia is synonymous with quality information on the web. The article about Yagi-Uda antenna is not self explanatory. An average reader like me had to branch out to several other pages to understand the working completely. I find the "for dummies" books really enjoyable. If only the articles her were written in that way, life would be a lot easier. — Preceding unsigned comment added by N sanjay n (talk • contribs) 08:44, 28 August 2011 (UTC)

Analysis - confusion - edit needed
In the 2nd paragraph (as of Jul 16, 2014) of the Analysis section, the parasitic element (director) and the driven element are taken "for now" to be the same length. In the next paragraph, it is claimed that the director is shorter than the driven element and this 'explains' certain features of the Yagi. You can't have it both ways. You can't explain the theory by assuming equal lengths, then explain other features assuming different lengths...at least not without a clear explanation of why you can hold two contradictory models at once (before breakfast?).Abitslow (talk) 22:05, 16 July 2014 (UTC) A user has been defacing this article repeatedly, and they appear to be registered. If possible, the user should be warned and the page should recieve a lock (confirmed protection or extended confirmed) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gadgetboy456 (talk • contribs) 11:15, 2 February 2019 (UTC)

Names Yagi and Uda
Chapter 11 in the ARRL Antenna Book (copyright 2003) confirms this article's statement that Uda "did much of the development work." But it states that Yagi introduced the array to the world outside Japan through his writings in English. It may be referring, at least in part, to a patent, but this isn't stated.

 * Pretty much everybody calls them Yagi antennas. "Yagi-Uda" may be better at crediting Uda's work, but it's not the name people actually use. Geoffrey.landis (talk) 18:59, 20 July 2020 (UTC)

A physically consistent model of the passive radiator - changes of September/October 2021
This is to explain the editing of September/October 2021. I did some intense research in the older literature trying to find a clear and consistent explanation of the passive radiator under far-field conditions. I am currently working on a paper on an antenna that uses passive radiators at some distance and wanted to find a clear conceptual explanation (before introducing mutual impedances), but this seems to be difficult to find. The best reference I found is the RWP King book (one has to interpret the formulas given on the cited page) or H.Zuhrt, Elektromagnetische Strahlungsfelder (1953, in German).

I found the previous "Theory of Operation" section mostly incomprehensible, as it was physicaly wrong due to its implicit assumption of excitation of the passive radiator without taking any electromagnetic propagation between driven and passive elements into account. In addition, the argument was based on a voltage excitation of the passive antenna, but half-wavelength dipoles are excited by a current. Therefore I deleted this and replaced it with a correct explanation (which took some time, because the problem is really quite difficult). To make sure that I was not missing any signs, I checked all the explanations with 3D simulations in HFSS. Sometimes the formulas are easy to misinterpret, as in the usual cartesian and spherical coordinate systems Ez and Etheta point in opposite directions in the xy plane, so a minus sign may easily be missed (which would change a 90° lagging phase to a 90° leading phase). Zuhrt and King clearly show that the current on the passive element (when it is at resonance, so that its self-impedance is real) is in phase with the incident electric field and the simulations support this! This shows that most of the explanations that I deleted were indeed wrong.

Now we have to understand where the phase differences between incident radiation and reradiation come from. Here, the diagrams in the "Analysis" section may be easily misleading. We have to distinguish between the near field amplitude (which is never shown) and the far field amplitude, which is drawn also in the diagrams in the "Analysis" section. The far-field amplitude is given as

$$\begin{align} E_\theta &= \zeta_0 \, H_\phi  =  i\frac{\zeta_0 \,I_h\,L \, k}{4\pi\,r} e^{i\,\left(\omega\,t\,-\,k\,r\right)}\,\sin(\theta) \end{align}$$

(see dipole antenna - short dipole). As Etheta points into the opposite direction as the current, we have to add a minus sign when comparing the phase of emitted field (in z direction) and exciting current (in z direction). The exponential describes the propagation delay between current and field and, in effect, we have an additional 90° lagging phase offset due to the factor -j. So the theory shows clearly: there is no phase offset between the incident electric field and the current in the passive element excited exactly at resonance. The 90° lagging phase that we observe in the reemitted field is a result of the excitation of the radiation field at the dipole.

If the dipole is shorter or longer that the resonant length, the current will receive a phase shift with respect to the incident field (or with respect to the open-circuit terminal voltage of the dipole)- either a leading phase shift for the shorter capacitive director element or a lagging phase shift for the longer inductive reflector element. The two-step explanation using transmission line theory and reflection at a short termination seems ok (except that it ignored the direction of the current of the reverse wave, which I corrected), so I left it. However, King and Zuhrt also give formulas for the open-circuit termial voltage of a receiving dipole as well as for the current of a loaded receiving dipole, so strictly the explanation could be further shortened by just using the formula for the current with a zero load impedance - but both explanations lead to the same result.

Unfortunately, the diagram for the explanation of the Yagi using a single director is partially wrong. The field emitted by the director is never more than 90° out of phase with the incident field (in the diagram it is 110° out of phase). I tweaked the numbers a bit so that we have physically correct numbers in the text, which are also roughly consistent with the diagram. Maybe someone who is more involved with wikipedia could create a better diagram. In this case I would recommend also to improve the numbers: the current numbers don't actually produce a very pronounced directional effect.

The analysis part discussing mutual impedances is correct. This can be found in many books. As the Yagi-Uda antenna cannot be fully understood without taking mutual coupling into account, most books omit a simplified explanation of the passive radiator under far-field conditions and only discuss the passive radiator on the basis of mutual impedances (e.g. Balanis or Kark).

I am full professor of microwave engineering at a university in northern Germany. I spent a few days in understanding the issue. I also double-checked that everything is correct with 3D simulations and some simple modeling (the results will become part of a lecture on electromagnetic wave theory) - so please consider this before editing or reverting the changes I made. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.187.42.73 (talk) 15:26, 7 October 2021 (UTC)

Sunderland
Kudos to whoever added the correct origin of the Sunderlands "Flying Porcupine" nickname. One of the very few places where I have seen that, and not the universal "because it was so heavily armed" nonsense (in spite of it not being much more heavily armed than numerous other aircraft of the period). Even though someone had to reference that myth as well, just out of tradition. Idumea47b (talk) 00:01, 19 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Yagi–Uda antenna


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Atletico chalaco

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 11:17, May 2, 2005 (UTC)

Atletico chalaco
you can link this article with http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liga_peruana_de_f%C3%BAtbol which you can find everything about the peruvian league or liga peruana - moved from above the header

This is the English version of Wikipedia --Durin 02:33, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm changing my vote to Strong KEEP. There's precedent. See this example. It might not be a top level professional team right now, but it has been historically. We certainly allow minor league teams like the Binghamton Mets from the U.S. Why not from Peru? --Durin 00:11, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Move to the appropriate language Wikipedia (Spanish?) LDan 03:10, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Pages needing translation into English is the appropriate place to list this article, if it hasn't been so listed already. I'll look into it... android↔talk 03:58, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * I can't read Spanish without the aid of Babelfish; apparently, this article is about a Peruvian football club. Beyond that, I can't establish its notability; I listed it for needing translation. Hopefully someone will take a look. android↔talk 04:03, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * I pushed the page over to the Spanish edition, and re-instated the VfD here. --Durin 04:17, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Re-instated? I didn't remove the notice, although this article deserves its time at Pages needing translation into English before a VfD is done, unless you have already determined that it is not worth translating. android↔talk 04:24, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * Lucky 6.9 put a speedy delete tag on it. I put a VfD tag on it earlier which I think was removed by a simultaneous edit by the originator of the article, 24.90.107.170. 24.90.107.170 then deleted the speedy delete tag. I reinstated the VfD tag.
 * As for it being worthy of being translated? I can't say with any reasonable certainty. However, I believe it's a local club in Peru. To the English speaking world, I imagine the club has very little interest. Quick Google check shows 75 hits in all languages, and only 6 in English. I don't think it passes muster. If we must, I can have a native Spanish speaking friend of mine review this entry. --Durin 04:43, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't have any particular attachment to this article. However, I think it was tagged as CSD when it shouldn't have been (sorry, Lucky) and the usual process for foreign-language articles is to attempt to translate them before VfD. If you can get a native speaker to look at it, that would be great. If it's too much trouble, though, I'll take your word as to the non-notability of the subject and change my vote. android↔talk 04:49, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, the original poster translated the article into English. I think it is still well beneath the threshold of acceptability. It's not a top league team, by the article's own admission. Strikes me more as a local club than anything. Is there precent-equivalent in articles referencing non-professional sporting clubs? There's nothing that links to the article's page yet, other then meta pages. I've removed it from the list of pages needing translation. --Durin 18:38, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Atletico Chalaco is part of the professional peruvian soccer league's history.So you  can  link this article with peruvian soccer league or peruvian soccer teams. — (Unsigned comment by 24.90.107.170.)
 * Delete, in light of the translation that shows the subject to be non-notable. android↔talk 03:19, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for reasons stated. I meant to put the "notenglish" notice on this and instead put the "del" since I'd been tagging a bunch of vandal stubs beforehand.  Must have gotten stuck in a mental rut.  My bad. - Lucky 6.9 07:30, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, cruft. Megan1967 05:30, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
KVVU-TV

KVVU-TV (channel 5) is a television station licensed to Henderson, Nevada, United States, serving the Las Vegas area as an affiliate of the Fox network. Owned by Gray Television, the station maintains studios at the Broadcast Center on West Sunset Road in Henderson (using the 25 TV 5 Drive street address), while its transmitter is located on Black Mountain, just southeast of the city.

History
KVVU signed on the air on September 10, 1967, as Nevada's first independent station, under the call sign KHBV-TV. The station originally operated from a converted Flying A gas station along Boulder Highway near Sunset Road, while its offices were housed in a modern office building on Flamingo Road. The station was on the air originally from 11 a.m. to midnight and ran a schedule of movies from the '30s through the '50s, some cartoons, westerns, and a few sitcoms. Owned first by Charles Vanda, Levin-Townsend Enterprises acquired the station in 1969.

In 1971, the station assumed its KVVU-TV call letters after being purchased by the Nevada Independent Broadcasting Corporation. By 1975, the station was on the air by 7 a.m. and ran a large number of movies, cartoons, more off-network sitcoms, drama shows, and some westerns. Las Vegas was still considered a small market then; in 1975, it was the 140th-largest out of 207 areas of dominant influence. Las Vegas was the smallest market to have four commercial television stations; there were still larger markets that only had two commercial stations and lacked programming from either ABC, NBC, or CBS as a result.

In 1978, the station was sold to Carson Broadcasting, a company owned by talk show host and entertainer Johnny Carson, who visited the station fairly often.

Under Carson's ownership, the station often ran R-rated theatrical films uncut during the late-night and early morning hours. While the afternoon (1 p.m.) and evening (9 p.m.) movies would always be different, the same film would be run uncut in the evening and aired in its censored form in the afternoon, but not on the same day. The evening movie generally reran at 1 a.m. almost every day. Films with questionable content were sometimes prefaced by a pre-recorded warning from Carson.

The station's announcer from 1973 to 2001, Ralph Menard, would stretch the hourly station identification out to emphasize the market's larger city, intoning "Henderson..." neutrally, then leading into an elongated and smooth segue to "...and Laaassss Vegas!"; Menard died in 2003. Meredith Corporation bought the station from Carson Broadcasting in 1985. Upon Meredith taking control of the station, KVVU adopted a stylized "TV 5" logo borrowed from its new sister stations, KPHO-TV in Phoenix; WNEM-TV in Bay City, Michigan; KCTV in Kansas City, Missouri; and WTVH in Syracuse, New York. Channel 5 remained an independent station until October 9, 1986, when it became one of the charter affiliates of the newly launched Fox network (it was one of a very few handful of stations located on the VHF dial to align with the new network upon its startup). However, by the time Fox expanded its programming from late nights into evenings in April 1987, network prime time programming initially ran only two days a week (it was not until 1993 that Fox began providing programming on all seven days of the week), so KVVU continued to be essentially programmed as an independent station. In the 1980s, more talk shows were added to the schedule and movies were cut back slightly.

In 1990, the station introduced an on-air mascot named "Rusty the Fox", apparently named after both the network and the station's then-general manager Rusty Durante. The mascot, an anthropomorphic fox (in actuality, a person in a fox costume), is used for community events and at one time was used for announcements for family-oriented information, as well as the block of children's programming called Fox 5 Kids Club.

The station moved into its present studio facilities on Sunset Way in the Green Valley subdivision of Henderson in 1991. The station remained a Fox affiliate during an affiliation deal that was struck between Meredith and CBS in 1994 because that network had a long-term affiliation contract with its existing affiliate KLAS-TV (KPHO and WNEM would both change their network affiliations to CBS through the deal while KCTV was already affiliated with that network); as a result, the Las Vegas market became one of the few television markets to not be affected by the 1994 United States broadcast television realignment. It was one of only five stations (not counting satellites or semi-satellites) under Meredith ownership (the company having recently sold off WTVH) at the time of the deal, and was one of only three Meredith stations to not switch their affiliation from a different network to CBS between 1994 and 1996 (WSMV-TV in Nashville and WOFL-TV in Orlando being the others). In June 2006, the station's website was redesigned (along with those of four of Meredith's other stations). The old website was operated by the Local Media Network division of WorldNow. Internet Broadcasting operated the site until 2011, when WorldNow began a group deal with all of Meredith's stations.

On May 3, 2021, Gray Television announced its intent to purchase the Meredith Local Media division, including KVVU, for $2.7 billion. The sale was completed on December 1.

Programming
In addition to KVVU's local newscasts, the station also produces a locally produced entertainment and lifestyle magazine program called MORE, which takes its name from the magazine aimed at women in their 40s of the same name that is published by Meredith Corporation (the MORE program format originated at sister station KPTV in Portland, Oregon). The program debuted on September 12, 2006, and features stories about Las Vegas fashion, local cuisine and events aimed at women between the ages of 25 and 49, MORE is broadcast as an hour-long extension of the station's weekday morning newscast at 10 a.m. and uses the same staff as the newscast's 7–10 a.m. block.

Sports programming
In 2017, the then Oakland Raiders announced in preparation for their relocation to Las Vegas that KVVU would be the official home for the team's preseason games and other pre-game programming such as the Silver and Black Show in Las Vegas, which began in the 2017 NFL season. After the Raiders completed their relocation ahead of the 2020 season, KVVU was named the team's official broadcast partner. However, KLAS serves as the Raiders' de facto "home" station, by virtue of CBS owning the rights to most games from the American Football Conference, where the Raiders play. In addition to preseason and Fox Sports Sunday afternoon games, KVVU also airs the Raiders' ESPN Monday Night Football, Amazon Prime Video Thursday Night Football and NFL Network appearances.

In 2023, it was announced that KVVU would become the official broadcast partner of the Las Vegas Aces of the WNBA. All Aces games not nationally televised on ESPN, CBS Sports Network, Ion Television, KLAS or KTNV as part of the league's national TV deal are broadcast on KVVU's second digital subchannel branded as the Silver State Sports and Entertainment Network. In addition, a 30-minute show on the Aces is broadcast weekly on KVVU.

In the 2022–23 television season, Gray began to produce a syndicated sports betting show, Beat the Odds, from KVVU's studio.

Silver State Sports & Entertainment Network
In June 2022, KVVU launched the Silver State Sports & Entertainment Network on its second subchannel. The network airs local Las Vegas–based sports and entertainment programs. Current live sports rights include select sporting events from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas Aviators baseball games, Las Vegas Aces basketball games (10 games will instead air on KVVU's main channel), Vegas Knight Hawks indoor football games, Las Vegas Lights FC soccer matches, and G League Ignite basketball games.

News operation
KVVU-TV presently broadcasts $78 1/2$ hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with $14 1/2$ hours each weekday and three hours each on Saturdays and Sundays); in regards to the number of hours devoted to news programming, it is the highest local newscast output among Las Vegas' broadcast television stations and highest of any Fox affiliate in the nation; in addition, the station's sports department produces Fox 5 Sports Plus, a 15-minute sports highlight program that airs on Sunday evenings after the 10 p.m. newscast.

Prior to affiliating with Fox, KVVU's news programming consisted solely of daily news updates featured during the station's syndicated programming between the late 1970s and 1986. Meredith Corporation eventually started a news department for KVVU-TV; it began producing a 10 p.m. newscast in June 1998, the Las Vegas market's first local newscast in prime time, the program originated as a weeknight-only half-hour newscast; the broadcast expanded to Saturday and Sunday evenings in June 2002, followed by the expansion of the newscast to an hour-long program in 2003. For the first couple of years, the newscast was solo-anchored by Angelica Urquijo; the station originally did not have a weather anchor or full-time sports anchor; the sports segments were pre-recorded with voice-over work done by boxing analyst Al Bernstein.

In July 1999, the station added a morning newscast that originally aired from 7 to 9 a.m. The following year, the program was expanded by 90 minutes with the addition of a news block from 5:30 to 7 a.m. News programming on channel 5 would not expand again until September 10, 2007, with the debut of an hour-long block of newscasts during the 5 p.m. hour; with the expansion, KVVU-TV became the only local station in Las Vegas carrying a newscast in the 5:30 p.m. timeslot. One year later on August 4, 2008, KVVU debuted a half–hour weeknight–only newscast at 11 p.m. On March 7, 2011, the weekday morning newscast (which consisted of the pre–7 a.m. Fox 5 News This Morning and the 7–9 a.m. Fox 5 News: Live in Las Vegas until 2013, when the program uniformly rebranded under the former title) expanded to 4½ hours, with its start time moved to 4:30 a.m. On July 9, 2012, KVVU debuted a half-hour 6 p.m. newscast.

On April 6, 2020, KVVU added a half-hour 1 p.m. newscast on weekdays, making it one of a few stations airing a 1 p.m. newscast alongside Los Angeles' CW affiliate KTLA and San Diego's Fox affiliate KSWB-TV. On that same day, KVVU expanded its weeknight 11 p.m. newscast to an hour; this made KVVU among the very few stations to extend its late newscast to midnight, and one of six Fox affiliates (Kansas City's WDAF-TV, Washington, D.C.'s WTTG, Atlanta's WAGA-TV, Tampa's WTVT and Phoenix's KSAZ-TV being the others) to air a two-hour late local news block.

On September 5, 2022, KVVU added an hour-long 2 p.m. newscast on weekdays, becoming the first Fox station to air newscasts in that timeslot. Afternoon and evening newscasts now run from 1 to 7:30 p.m.

Notable former on-air staff

 * Al Bernstein – sports anchor (1998–2002; later a boxing analyst for Showtime)
 * Cher Calvin – weekday morning anchor (now weekday anchor and reporter at KTLA in Los Angeles)

Subchannels
The station's signal is multiplexed:

Analog-to-digital conversion
KVVU-TV shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 5, on June 12, 2009, the official date on which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition VHF channel 9, using virtual channel 5.

Translators

 *  Caliente
 *  Duckwater
 *  Ely (Squaw Peak)
 *  Ely (Cave Mountain)
 *  Eureka
 *  Eureka
 *  Laughlin, etc.
 *  Lund & Preston
 *  Overton
 *  Pahrump
 *  Pahrump
 *  Panaca
 *  Pioche
 *  Ruth
 *  Ursine

title: KVVU-TV


text:
Memphis University School

Memphis University School (MUS) is a college-preparatory, independent, day school for boys, grades 6–12, located in Memphis, Tennessee.

Original campus (1893–1936)
Edwin Sidney Werts and James White Sheffey Rhea founded MUS as a college-preparatory school for boys in the fall of 1893. Their purpose was threefold: to prepare boys for competitive colleges, to provide them with a liberal arts education, and to help them develop into cultured Christian gentlemen. Patterned largely after Werts's alma mater, the University of Virginia, MUS embraced high academic standards, strong moral development, and an emphasis on athletics. The school adopted red and blue as its official colors to represent the academics standards of two universities, Harvard and Yale. In a short time, the school's reputation was so sound that many of America's leading colleges began to exempt MUS students from entrance examinations or allowed them to take the exams at MUS. After a disappointing initial enrollment, MUS prospered. Within three years, it outgrew its temporary quarters in the old Bethel Building in Downtown Memphis and occupied the Clara Conway Institute at 297 Poplar Avenue. Shortly after the move, the proprietors built their own building on a small campus near the corner of Madison and Manassas. There the school remained until 1936, when economic factors forced its closure.

Current campus (1955–present)
The economic boom of the 1950s revitalized MUS, and classes began again in 1955 under the leadership of Col. Ross M. Lynn and a dedicated Board of Trustees chaired by Alexander Wellford. The School relocated to its current 94-acre (380,000 m2) campus at 6191 Park Avenue in East Memphis. By 1958, it graduated its first seniors. Like the first MUS, the new one emphasized academic excellence, high moral standards, strong athletic development, and gentlemanly conduct. Its student-enforced honor system became the moral heart of the school. During the 1960s, the new MUS grew to maturity. Seniors acquired off-campus lunch privileges; Hutchison School moved in next door; the Hyde Chapel was built; and sophisticated language labs were added. Leigh MacQueen became academic dean, Bill Hatchett guided annual student tours to Europe, and MUS worked at living up to its namesake. Clubs and other extracurricular activities proliferated as students increasingly helped run the school.

In the 1970s, the school added the Hull Lower School, the Hyde Library, the Fisher Fine Arts Wing, and the McCaughan Science building, fulfilling the school's basic physical plant needs. Ellis Haguewood began his irreverent and hilarious school day picture day (SDPD) talks and served a 16-year stint as yearbook adviser. The school's academics became stronger in a climate of increased diversity. Both faculty and curriculum grew much stronger through the 1970s and the 1980s, and enrollment reached nearly 600 students.

In 1990, the school constructed the Sue H. Hyde Sports and Physical Education Center, symbolizing that it had become as much an athletic as an academic powerhouse. Thorn retired in 1992, and William Campbell succeeded Thorn as headmaster for three years. In 1995 the Board of Trustees selected Upper School principal Ellis Haguewood to lead the school.

Under the leadership of Headmaster Haguewood and Chairman of the Board Ben Adams (1996-2004), MUS implemented a long-term strategic plan. This included a master plan for expanding and updating the physical plant and a massive capital campaign (more than $21 million total) to fund improvements. The Crump Firm's master plan included a new tennis center with a clubhouse, renovation and expansion of the Hull Lower School, erecting a commodious new Campus Center, and razing and replacing the Upper School and the Clack Dining Hall. Construction, including the new Dunavant Upper School, was completed by January 2003. Alumnus Trow Gillespie, who had spearheaded the fundraising, replaced Ben Adams in 2004 as chairman of the Board of Trustees. Bob Loeb became chairman in 2008, followed by Sam Graham in 2013, and Jim Burnett in 2020.

Ellis Haguewood retired in June 2017 after 48 years at the school, including 22 as headmaster. The Board of Trustees selected Pete Sanders from Greenville, South Carolina, as the new headmaster. In February 2021 the school announced a new strategic plan, Legacy Forward, with six strategic goals guided by 12 implementation champions representing the Board and the school. In December 2023 the school opened admissions to include an inaugural Grade 6.

Academics
MUS enrolls about 650 students from grades 6-12. The student-faculty ratio is 7 to 1, and average class size is 15 students.

The school’s intensive academic program emphasizes Advanced Placement and Honors Accelerated courses, offering 22 AP courses for college credit. Historically, more than 90 percent of MUS students score a 3 or above on their AP exams. MUS grades are weighted on a 4.0 scale. Every year a large portion of MUS students are honored by College Board for their performance on standardized tests. MUS claims a 100 percent four-year college acceptance rate.

Faculty
For the 2020-21 school year, the faculty includes 99 teachers, three college counselors, and three guidance counselors. Seventy percent of faculty hold master's degrees or doctorates. Average teaching experience for faculty is 25 years. MUS maintains endowed teaching chairs for its faculty.

Notable alumni

 * Nash Buckingham, 1898, Author
 * Richard Halliburton, 1915, Author, adventurer
 * Allen B. Morgan Jr. '60, Co-founder, CEO, and chairman of Morgan Keegan & Company
 * J. R. Hyde III '61, Founder of Autozone
 * Frederick W. Smith '62, Founder, CEO of FedEx
 * John Fry '62, Founder of Ardent Studios
 * Admiral Charles H. Johnston '66, United States Navy
 * Michael Beck '67, Actor
 * Michael O'Brien '68, photographer
 * Chris Bell '69, Musician, member of Big Star
 * Andy Hummel '69, Musician, member of Big Star
 * Paul Tudor Jones '72, Hedge Fund Manager
 * Hampton Sides '80, Author, Ghost Soldiers, Blood and Thunder
 * Edward Felsenthal '84, Editor-in-Chief, Time Magazine
 * John H. Dobbs '85, businessman
 * Griff Jenkins '89, radio producer and Fox News television personality
 * David O. Sacks '90, Founder and CEO of Web 2.0 company Geni, Inc.; former COO of PayPal; movie producer: ex. Thank You for Smoking
 * Tom Hutton '91, Former University of Tennessee and NFL punter
 * Siddharth Kara '92, Writer, expert on human trafficking
 * Henry Gayden '98, Screenwriter - Known for his writing in Earth to Echo (2014), Shazam! (2019) and There's Someone Inside Your House (2020)
 * Hank Sullivant '01, Musician, frontman for Kuroma, past bassist for The Whigs, touring guitarist for MGMT
 * Harry Ford, Actor, star of CBS TV series, Code Black
 * Harrison Williams '14, Decathlete

title: Memphis University School


text:
Talk:Phryne

Mark Twain & Phryne
The "arts of Phryne" was a phrase used by Mark Twain to delicately describe prostitution. Nowadays few people would understand the reference. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 4.29.68.117 02:33, 19 April 2005 (UTC)

Phryne and Diogenes
Does anyone know what the original source material is from which we know that Phryne slept with Diogenes? I'd be interested to learn more about their affair, especially considering that Diogenes isn't well-known for his sexual nature. Thanks! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 156.111.160.186 (talk) 08:26, 15 November 2007 (UTC)

Now that I've looked into this some more, are you guys sure it was Phryne and not another hetaera who was involved with Diogenes the Cynic? This document by Athenaeus seems to indicate it was Lais of Hyccara, not Phryne, who dallied with Diogenes without exacting any payment: http://members.aol.com/heliogabby/deipnon/deipnon2.htm. 156.111.160.186 11:54, 15 November 2007 (UTC)

Suspense is killing me
Well, did they take her up on her offer to pay for the walls of Thebes? Clarityfiend 21:28, 9 September 2006 (UTC)

As a matter of fact, No. They thought the condition she made -- that there be an inscription "Destroyed by Alexander, rebuilt by Phryne the Courtesan" was a bit much. Tom129.93.17.135

My favorite Phryne anecdote
The public all liked the nude statue of Aphrodite, which was made by the famous sculptor Praxitiles using Phryne as a model. But the joke was that when the goddess Aphrodite saw the statue she exclaimed, "Oh, no! Where did Praxitiles see me naked?" 129.93.17.174 03:35, 24 September 2007 (UTC)

External link
I would like to add a link to the MythiMedia research project (Bologna University, Italy) http://www.mythimedia.org/. The project explores the presence of Greek mythology in today's culture, and contains an article entitled "Phryne in Modern Art, Cinema, and Cartoon" (http://www.mythimedia.org/phrine_in%20_modern_art.html) [this is the address that should be linked]. The site is written in English. Fallingdrapery 00:10, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

Phryne and the King of Lydia
I'm not so sure that this bit is accurate. The Book of Lists has a similar incident, but this occurring between Lamia and Demetrius Poliorcetes (page 358). --Auric (talk) 02:16, 1 November 2008 (UTC)

Removed unreliable information
I removed the sentence about Phryne adjusting her prices, and sleeping with the King of Lydia, because I could find no information about this. In fact this information was the original uncited page created by 24.252.69.24 in 2004: "Phryne was a famous courtesan of ancient Greece who adjusted her prices for customers depending upon how she felt about them. When the King of Lydia wanted her favors she named a truly absurd price because she considered him loathsome; he paid the price and then levied a tax on his subjects to raise the sum. On the other hand, she gave herself to the philosopher Diogenes for free because she admired his mind."

I also removed the line about Diogenes. Tertullian (Apology 46) does actually say that "The harlot Phryne gratified the lust of Diogenes," but Athenaeus (xiii. 588) refers to Lais gratifying Diogenes. Singinglemon (talk) 18:27, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

Then I'll update the disambiguation page, which still references Phryne's price adjustments. Tokland (talk) 19:39, 24 February 2010 (UTC)

Large addition and cleanup done
Fellow editors, I have just added a section with sheds some light on the doubtful authenticity of the description of Phryne’s trial. Also I have done some cleanup. The other sections need some more work obviously. I intend to get my hands on the title Ancient Supplication which I added to the section for further reading because it might contain information about Phryne which could be useful for the article. I also added a citation referring to Athenaeus as a source for the story about the walls of Thebes, but Athenaeus doesn’t mention that offer was not accepted. I’d appreciate it if a source can be given for information that the offer was declined. AlexanderVanLoon (talk) 15:00, 8 February 2011 (UTC)

Small modification to text and conversion of references to templates
I just moved Pliny and Aelianus from the "Further reading" to the "References" by mentioning them as sources for the claim that Phryne is the model for the Aphrodite of Knidos. Also, I converted all references to use the templates. This did give me some issues, such as entering the first and last name of Pliny the Elder (typed his whole name as last name to solve it) and more importantly that I can't enter the line numbers of Athenaeus without getting them displayed as page numbers. Is there anyone who has solutions for these issues with the templates? One way to solve this would be to simply have one reference to chapter 13 of Athenaeus, would that be okay with everyone?

One more issue is that User:Stvfetterly added a link to the List of female adventurers, where Phryne isn't even listed. Would anyone mind if I'd remove this link? I also intend to do some more research on this article so that we can replace the reference to Chisholm with more appropriate (original) sources. AlexanderVanLoon (talk) 20:21, 12 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Yes, I was wondering about that too. Please do remove the link. L t . W a a x e  (talk) 20:58, 12 November 2012 (UTC)

Hyperides or Hypereides?
I have noticed that the article uses both spellings. On Hypereides it says that both spellings are correct, but I think this article should have a uniform spelling. I personally prefer the latter spelling, as it matches the page on him Hypereides) but does anyone think otherwise? L t . W a a x e  (talk) 20:58, 12 November 2012 (UTC)

 * The article of Cooper in the references uses the spelling "Hyperides", but I agree that we should follow the spelling of the Wikipedia article on him. I just changed it.

Large overhaul of content on Life, Fame and Trial
First of all User:Lieutenant_Waaxe, Athaeneus and Pesudo-Plutarch don't mention full nudity, only exposure of the breasts. Not sure about other sources, but I suspect any later sources telling something different are probably inventing details, as is explained in the article now.

I worked hard yesterday and today for the whole today to rework the article heavily to have everything referenced and to remove the reference to the Encyclopedia Brittanica. I hope any other editors would be prepared to check my changes for any errors, or improve the writing style if necessary. All the books I used for references have the relevant pages visible on Google Books. If there are any other comments I'd like to hear it. AlexanderVanLoon (talk) 16:31, 13 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Oh, all right then! I thought it was just later sources that emphasize the breasts because most paintings I've seen have her fully nude. I apologize for a bad assumption on my part. L t . W a a x e  (talk) 20:43, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

 * No problem, I'm "guilty" myself as well. I actually wrote a bachelor's thesis about nudity in Classical Antiquity and stumbled on Phryne's case. When I was required to give a preliminary presentation on my thesis, I decided to mention it and assumed the version given on Wikipedia – that it really happened, without mentioning the controversy – was accurate :x Later I found Cooper's article when I was finishing my thesis, so I did mention the doubts in my finished thesis. But still I'm a bit embarrassed that I took the information that was present in this article for granted at the time :) AlexanderVanLoon (talk) 09:06, 16 November 2012 (UTC)

”Mr. Roark pulled a Phryne in court and didn’t get away with it. We never believed that story in the first place.”
http://forum.objectivismonline.com/index.php?/topic/24334-roark-pulled-a-phryne/

There is good reason to believe that Ellsworth Toohey was comparing Howard Roark's presentation of his Cortlandt photographs in his trial (from Ayn Rand's novel 'The Fountainhead') as his only defense to Hypereides' disrobing of Phryne as a 'last resort'.65.49.241.99 (talk) 20:54, 13 January 2016 (UTC)

Not mentioned?
"However, this episode probably never happened. It was not mentioned in Posidippus' version of the trial in his comedy Ephesian Woman (produced c.290 BC)". But according to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posidippus_(comic_poet) only fragments of the Posidippus' plays survive. If this is true and the full text of Ephesian Woman does not survive, how can one confidently say that the scene wasn't included? Perhaps the fragments covering the trial, or at least its climax, survive? I think we need more information though. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.138.36.64 (talk) 07:23, 10 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Though Posidippus' play survives only in fragments, one of the fragments is the account of the trial of Phryne, quoted by Athenaeus (13.591e-f). I've expanded on the article text slightly to hopefully make this clearer. Caeciliusinhorto-public (talk) 08:27, 10 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Phryne


text:
Riverdale Farm

Riverdale Farm is a 3 ha municipally operated farm in the heart of Cabbagetown, an urban neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is maintained by Toronto Parks, Forestry and Recreation Division.

History
Between 1888 and 1974, this was the site of the Riverdale Zoo. This zoo began with the donation of deer by Toronto Alderman Daniel Lamb. In 1974, the zoo relocated to a much larger facility in Scarborough and became the Toronto Zoo. In 1978, Riverdale Farm opened on the west bank of the Don River adjacent to Riverdale Park. The main barn was first constructed in 1858 in Markham and moved to the present site and rebuilt in 1977. The farm is open to the public all year round. It specializes in pioneer breeds of farm animals that are hard to find on commercial farms. Animals at the farm include poultry, waterfowl, goats, sheep, pigs, cows, donkeys, and horses.

A 2011 consultant's report recommended the closure of the farm, along with the High Park Zoo, as a means to cut cost for the city. In 2013, the W. Garfield Weston Foundation made a CAD $25,000 donation to provide funds to keep the farm operating in the short term. Other corporate and private donors have provided substantial financial injections to allow the Farm to continue operations for current and future generations through 2027.

title: Riverdale Farm


text:
Mario! Lanza at His Best

'Mario! Lanza At His Best' is a CD released by RCA Victor in 1995, and consists of two original albums recorded by tenor Mario Lanza. These are: the Neapolitan songs album Mario!, recorded in December 1958, and The Vagabond King, recorded in July 1959. The Mario! album has been singled out for special praise, with its star conductor Franco Ferrara of Rome's Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia later hailing Lanza's singing on the disc as "vocally extraordinary...a Caruso-type voice." Lanza's first studio album in stereo, the Mario! selections include the Neapolitan songs "Voce 'e Notte," "Canta Pe' Me," "'Na Sera 'e Maggio," and "Passione." The arrangements were created by Carlo Savina and Ennio Morricone.

The Vagabond King, an operetta by Rudolf Friml, was recorded three months before Mario Lanza's death in October 1959. The selections include "Love Me Tonight," "Nocturne," "Only a Rose," and the "Drinking Song." Lanza is accompanied on several songs by the soprano Judith Raskin, who recorded her contributions a year later in New York. The conductor was Constantine Callinicos.

Note: In February 2006, this album was reissued by RCA in the sonically superior SACD format. This new CD can be played on both SACD players and conventional CD players.

1958 album "Mario! Lanza at His Best"

 * 1) "Funiculì, funiculà"
 * 2) "Dicitencello vuie"
 * 3) "Maria marì" (Remastered - 1995)
 * 4) "Voce 'e notte"
 * 5) "Canta pe' me"
 * 6) "'O surdato 'nnammurato" - the enamoured soldier
 * 7) "Comme facette mammeta?"
 * 8) "Santa Lucia Luntana"
 * 9) "Fenesta che lucive"
 * 10) "Tu ca nun chiagne"
 * 11) "Na sera 'e maggio"
 * 12) "Passione (song)"

1959 album "The Vagabond King"

 * 1) "Drinking Song"
 * 2) "Some Day" with Judith Raskin
 * 3) "Love Me Tonight"
 * 4) "Only a Rose" with Judith Raskin
 * 5) "Tomorrow" with Judith Raskin
 * 6) "Nocturne" with Chorus
 * 7) "Song of the Vagabonds" with Chorus
 * 8) "Finale" with Judith Raskin

title: Mario! Lanza at His Best


text:
Vienna Game, Würzburger Trap

The Würzburger Trap is a chess opening trap in the Vienna Gambit. It was named around 1930 for German banker Max Würzburger.

The trap
'''1. e4 e5 2. Nc3 Nf6 3. f4'''
 * White plays the Vienna Gambit.

3... d5
 * Thought to be the best reply.

'''4. fxe5 Nxe4 5. d3'''
 * White also has lines beginning 5.Qf3 (Steinitz) and 5.Nf3, but neither achieves an advantage.

5... Qh4+
 * Initiating the trap. Black has other choices 5...Bb4 and 5...Nxc3.

'''6. g3 Nxg3 7. Nf3 Qh5 8. Nxd5 Bg4'''
 * 8...Nxh1? 9.Nxc7+ Kd8 10.Nxa8 leads to advantage for White.

9. Nf4
 * White can obtain the better game with 9.Bg2 Nxh1 (9...Bxf3 10.Qxf3 Qxe5+ 11.Kd1 Nxh1 12.Bf4 Qxb2 13.Qe4+ Hamann–Schvenkrantz, Germany 1965; 10...Qxf3 11.Bxf3 Nxa1 12.Nxc7+ Kd7 13.Nxa8 Bc5 14.Bxh1 Nc6 15.Bf4 Arhangel'skij–Popov, USSR 1958; Larsen) 10.Nxc7+ Kd7 (10...Kd8 11.Nxa8 Nc6 12.d4 Bxf3 13.Qxf3 Qxf3 14.Bxf3 Nxd4 15.Bg5+ Be7 16.Rd1+−; Larsen) 11.Nxa8 Nc6.

'''9... Bxf3 10. Nxh5 Bxd1 11. hxg3 Bxc2?'''
 * Black tries to win a pawn, but instead loses a.

12. b3
 * The black bishop on c2 is trapped; White will win it by playing Kd2 next turn.

title: Vienna Game, Würzburger Trap


text:
Douglas Stanes

Douglas Moncrieff Stanes (February 28, 1917 in England – April 29, 2001) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1958 to 1969.

Stanes was a Lieutenant-Colonel of the Middlesex Regiment, and served in southeast Asia, the Middle East and Europe. In 1945–46, he served as Senior Official on Industrial Rehabilitation with the British Economic Mission in Greece. From 1955 to 1957, he served as a councillor for the City of St. James, which later became a part of Winnipeg.

He was first elected to the provincial legislature in the 1958 election, defeating Liberal incumbent Reginald Wrightman by 476 votes in the riding of St. James. He was re-elected by a comfortable margin in the 1959 election (defeating future NDP cabinet minister Alvin Mackling), and by fairly comfortable margins in the elections of 1962 and 1966. On the latter occasion, he defeated Liberal candidate Lloyd Axworthy, later a prominent federal cabinet minister, by 790 votes. Despite his background, Stanes was never appointed to cabinet.

He was defeated in the 1969 provincial election, losing to Alvin Mackling of the NDP by 966 votes. He did not seek a return to the provincial legislature after this time, but was elected to the united Winnipeg city council in the municipal elections of 1971, 1974 and 1977.

title: Douglas Stanes


text:
Mary Ramsey (musician)

Mary Ramsey (born December 24, 1963) is a member of folk rock duo John & Mary and lead singer and violist for the American alternative rock band 10,000 Maniacs. Ramsey has also worked with other well-known artists such as Jackson Browne, Goo Goo Dolls, Billy Bragg, Warren Zevon, Alex Chilton and Ani DiFranco.

Biography
Ramsey is a classically trained violinist who has been playing the violin since age five. She studied music at the State University of New York at Fredonia and played viola with the Erie Philharmonic for four years. She was a founder of the Lexington String Trio.

With John Lombardo of 10,000 Maniacs, Ramsey formed the folk rock duo John & Mary in 1989. The pair made two recordings under the name John & Mary, Victory Gardens in 1991 and The Weedkiller's Daughter in 1993. Both albums were released on Rykodisc and are out of print. Mary Ramsey also played violin and viola for 10,000 Maniacs and sang backing vocals on the 1993 album MTV Unplugged.

Ramsey returned to the Maniacs as lead singer and songwriter in 1995 after Natalie Merchant's departure, along with Lombardo. The duo released two albums with the Maniacs, 1997's Love Among the Ruins, which contained a cover of the Roxy Music song "More Than This" that became a top 40 hit on the U.S. charts, and The Earth Pressed Flat in 1999. While with 10,000 Maniacs, Ramsey toured throughout the U.S. and in Brazil, Puerto Rico, Panama, England, Portugal, Germany, the Netherlands and Austria. The band also played USO shows in Kuwait and Bahrain. One of the highlights of her career was a performance at the inaugural ball for Bill Clinton's second term as president.

In 2002, after she and Lombardo both left the Maniacs following the death of guitarist Rob Buck, John & Mary released The Pinwheel Galaxy (2003). With their current band the Valkyries, they released Peace Bridge (2007).

Ramsey was rehired by 10,000 Maniacs as a viola player and backing vocalist for the 2006 shows with Oskar Saville and returned to the lead vocalist spot after the departure of Saville in 2007. She continued as lead vocalist for the next 16 years and performed on both the band's 30th anniversary tour (2011–13) and 40th anniversary tour (2021–22), as well as the studio albums Music from the Motion Picture (2013) and Twice Told Tales (2015), which featured Lombardo's return as well, and the live album Playing Favorites (2016). In June 2023, she announced she was leaving 10,000 Maniacs to pursue other projects.

Other projects
Ramsey has performed with a group of friends under the name Mary Ramsey and the Healers. Other members include Sandra Williams Gordon on percussion, Craig Gordon on bass and acoustic guitars, Dr. Marc Rosen on electric guitar, and Ben Clarke on lead guitar and bass. In another project, she was joined by fellow Buffalonians Theresa Quinn, Susan Rozler, and Alison Pipitone in a group called Girls Gone Mild. Ramsey has also worked as a performer and music director for the Irish Classical Theater in Buffalo, New York. She teaches private lessons in piano, violin, viola and voice.

Awards

 * 1993 ArtVoice Music Award - viola playing

With John & Mary

 * Victory Gardens (1991)
 * The Weedkiller's Daughter (1993)
 * The Pinwheel Galaxy (2002)

With John & Mary & the Valkyries

 * Peace Bridge (2007)

With 10,000 Maniacs

 * Love Among the Ruins (1997)
 * The Earth Pressed Flat (1999)
 * Triangles (EP) (2011)
 * Music from the Motion Picture (2013)
 * Twice Told Tales (2015)
 * For Crying Out Loud (EP) (2016)
 * Playing Favorites (2016)
 * Live at the Belly Up (2017)

Other credits

 * Don't Try This at Home (1991) – with Billy Bragg (violin, viola)
 * Our Time in Eden (1992) – with 10,000 Maniacs (violin, viola)
 * Imperfectly (1992) – with Ani Difranco (viola)
 * Candy Everybody Wants (EP) (1992) - with 10,000 Maniacs (violin, viola)
 * MTV Unplugged (1993) – with 10,000 Maniacs (viola, background vocals)
 * Puddle Dive (1993) – with Ani Difranco (violin)
 * Superstar Car Wash (1993) – with Goo Goo Dolls
 * Between Us (1998) – with Jules Shear (vocals, viola, fiddle)
 * Coming of Age (2002) – with Jude Johnstone (viola)
 * Songs for the Uninvited (2002) – with Zoomer (electric violin, viola)
 * Heads or Tales (2003) - with Jamie Notarthomas (violin)
 * Campfire Songs: The Popular, Obscure and Unknown Recordings (2004) - with 10,000 Maniacs (background vocals, violin, viola)
 * On a Good Day (2005) – with Jude Johnstone (viola)
 * Take My Life (2005) - with Scott Underwood (viola)
 * Live Twenty-Five (2006) – with 10,000 Maniacs (electric violin)
 * Billy Bragg, Vol. 2 (2006) - with Billy Bragg (violin)
 * Innocent Bystanders (2007) – with Innocent Bystanders (strings)
 * Extended Versions (2009) – with 10,000 Maniacs (lead vocals, viola)
 * Machines of Love and War (2009) - with The Dreaming (violin, viola)
 * Me and Miss Grimes (2009) - with Alison Pipitone Band (violin)
 * Quiet Girl (2011) – with Jude Johnstone (viola)
 * Big Wide World (2013) - with Alison Pipitone Band (violin)
 * Where The Lowly Go (2022) - with Ten Cent Howl (violin)

title: Mary Ramsey (musician)


text:
Janet Banana

Janet Banana ( Mbuyazwe; 1938 – 29 July 2021) was a Zimbabwean teacher who became First Lady of Zimbabwe. She was married to the country's first President, Canaan Banana, from 1961 until his death in 2003, and she served as the first First Lady of Zimbabwe from 1980 until 1987. In 2000, she sought asylum in the United Kingdom, where she became a citizen and remained until returning to Zimbabwe in 2019.

Early life
Janet Mbuyazwe was born in 1938 into a family of farmers in the southern Matabeleland region of Zimbabwe during the years that it was a part of the Crown colony of Southern Rhodesia. When she became an adult, she chose to become a teacher and it was during this career that she first met Canaan Banana, who was also a teacher at the time. They married in 1961 and had four children. Her husband later left teaching to attend a theological college in order to become a minister in the Methodist church and the family moved several times to different churches for Canaan to provide religious service. However, when the Rhodesian independence movement began political action, Banana's husband decided to join the political sector as well and the United African National Council. But government arrests of UANC members led to the Banana family fleeing the country and not returning to the newly formed Rhodesia until 1975 while the Rhodesian Bush War was still ongoing.

Time as First Lady
Canaan Banana became President of Zimbabwe in 1980 and Janet became First Lady of Zimbabwe. She found the position exciting, both for her role in building the future of the country and for the position among international elite she now occupied, invited to attend events like the wedding of Prince Charles and Lady Diana Spencer. But it was also lonely, and she missed her family and familiar food, in a State House still staffed by employees hired to cook British food for Ian Smith. As First Lady and afterwards, she acted as an outspoken promoter of women's rights and racial integration in Zimbabwe. A conference for women hosted by the Methodist church in Bulawayo in 1987 had Banana speaking out on the segregated nature of the Methodist church in the country, including how that very women's organization had two branches largely divided on racial lines that she referred to as "mini-apartheids".

Later life
After seven years, Canaan Banana was removed from the office of President following a constitutional amendment that instated Prime Minister Robert Mugabe. In the 1990s, her husband faced criminal charges for sodomy and Banana and her daughter sought political asylum in the United Kingdom in October 2000. She was awarded British citizenship in 2006, and took the oath of allegiance on 10 February 2006 at a ceremony in the London Borough of Haringey in front of the Mayor of Haringey. After Mugabe resigned in 2017, Banana made a statement hoping that his successor, Emmerson Mnangagwa, would have a "Damascene conversion, like St Paul" and turn away from the evils of Mugabe's government and the ethnic cleansing of the Gukurahundi. Despite her term as First Lady, Janet Banana did not receive a pension from either Mugabe or Mnangagwa. She later received her spousal pension after her return to Zimbabwe after 18 years in the United Kingdom. She returned to live in Bulawayo in 2019.

Janet Banana died on 29 July 2021 at Bulawayo's Mater Dei Hospital.

title: Janet Banana


text:
Mysore State

Mysore State, colloquially Old Mysore, was a political territory within the Dominion of India and the subsequent Republic of India from 1947 until 1956. The state was formed by renaming the Kingdom of Mysore, and Bangalore replaced Mysore as the state's capital. When Parliament passed the States Reorganisation Act in 1956, Mysore State was considerably enlarged when it became a linguistically homogeneous Kannada-speaking state within the Republic of India by incorporating territories from Andhra, Bombay, Coorg, Hyderabad, and Madras States, as well as other petty fiefdoms. It was subsequently renamed Karnataka in 1973.

History
The Kingdom of Mysore was one of the three largest princely states in British India. Upon India's independence from Britain in 1947, Maharaja Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar signed the instrument of accession, incorporating his realm with the Union of India, on 15 August 1947. The territories of the erstwhile princely state of Mysore were then reconstituted into a state within the Union.

Reorganisation
In 1956, the Government of India effected a comprehensive re-organisation of provincial boundaries, based upon the principle of shared language. As a result of the States Reorganisation Act on 1 November 1956, the Kannada-speaking districts of Belgaum (exclusing Chandgad), Bijapur, Dharwad, and North Canara were transferred from Mumbai to Mysore. Bellary was transferred from Andhra; South Canara was transferred from Madras; and Koppal, Raichur, Kalaburagi and Bidar districts from Hyderabad. Also, the small Coorg State was merged, becoming a district in Mysore. The state was renamed Karnataka on 1 November 1973.

title: Mysore State


text:
Beverly Archer

Beverly Archer (born July 19, 1948) is an American actress and writer who is perhaps best known for her television roles as Iola Boylen on Mama's Family and as Gunnery Sgt. Alva Bricker on Major Dad.

Career
Early roles for Archer included portraying Nancy Walker's daughter in The Nancy Walker Show, the breadwinner of the family in We've Got Each Other, and a congressman's secretary on Washingtoon.

She became known in the late 1980s and early 1990s for her roles as Iola Boylen on Mama's Family (1986–1990) and as Gunnery Sgt. Alva Bricker on Major Dad (1990–1993). In addition to those roles, she also appeared on The Young and the Restless, ALF, and the movie Project: ALF. She played Charlie's dull teacher in Vice Versa, a thieving teacher in The Brady Bunch Movie, and appeared in two episodes of Married... with Children as Miss Hardaway, a sexually repressed librarian and abstinence counselor who is in love with Bud.

She also appeared in a 1994 episode of Full House, where she played the role of an unsympathetic SAT test monitor. She made guest appearances on episodes of Family Ties, The Fall Guy, and Grace Under Fire.

She retired from acting in 2002.

title: Beverly Archer


text:
Wikipedia talk:Help wanted

Redirect to Wikipedia:Cleanup
This page seems to be largely abandoned, so I'm redirecting it to Cleanup for now. I would feel comfortable posting to Cleanup any of the things that were posted here. Especially since we can tag individual articles now instead of listing them, there's more room for catch-all requests. It's also important to reduce forum proliferation. If there are too many places to look for things that need to get done, it seems that some of them end up getting neglected. -- Beland 02:43, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia talk:Help wanted


text:
Peggy Weil

Peggy Weil is an American artist working in digital media.

Early life and education
She graduated from Harvard University in 1976, and received a master's degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1982.

At MIT she was a part of the Architecture Machine Group, from 1980–1982, where she worked under Nicholas Negroponte. Currently she is adjunct faculty at USC School of Cinematic Arts.

Work
In 1990, she produced A Silly Noisy House, an award-winning CD-ROM with multimedia pioneer The Voyager Company. Her multimedia works continued with Ravensburger Interactive, where her Moving Puzzle CD-ROMs won the 1998 Milia D'Or in Cannes. She created MrMind, a web-based bot who asks, "Can you convince me that you are human?" MrMind has been administering The Blurring Test, a Reverse Turing test, since 1998.

In 2007 she co-authored, with Nonny de la Peña, the work Gone Gitmo, a virtual exploration of the Guantanamo Bay prison within Second Life. Along with de la Peña, Weil is widely credited with helping create the genre of immersive journalism. Gone Gitmo was shown in the exhibition, Feedforward, The Angel of History at LABoral (LABoral Centro de Arte y Creación Industrial) in Gijon, Spain, curated by Steve Dietz and Christiane Paul (curator).

In 2011 Weil founded HeadsUP! a global data visualization competition. HeadsUP!2012 used datasets from NASA/JPL's GRACE Satellite (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment)and USGS decadal aquifer data to display changes in global groundwater. Richard's Vijgen's winning animation was displayed across 19,000 square feet of digital signboard in Times Square across the Thomson Reuters and NASDAQ signs.

In 2016 Weil, along with Refik Anadol, was commissioned by the City of Los Angeles for the Bloomberg sponsored citywide art biennale, CURRENT:LA Water to create UnderLA, a large scale public projection of the LA Aquifer from The First Street Bridge and Origin of LA River sites.

The Climate Museum's inaugural exhibition in 2018, In Human Time, featured Weil's work, 88 Cores - a 2-mile descent through the Greenland Ice Sheet going back 110,000 years.

title: Peggy Weil


text: User talk:68.76.80.30

title: User talk:68.76.80.30