text:
Lowland East Cushitic languages

Lowland East Cushitic is a group of roughly two dozen diverse languages of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family. Its largest representatives are Oromo and Somali.

Classification
Lowland East Cushitic classification from Tosco (2020:297):

 * Lowland East Cushitic
 * Saho–Afar
 * Southern
 * Nuclear
 * Omo–Tana
 * Oromoid
 * Peripheral (?)
 * Dullay
 * Yaaku

Highland East Cushitic is a coordinate (sister) branch with Lowland East Cushitic in Tosco's (2020) classification.

'Core' East Cushitic classification form Bender (2020 [2008]: 91). Saho–Afar is excluded, making it equivalent to Tosco's Southern Lowland East Cushitic, and Yaaku is moved into Western Omo–Tana ('Arboroid'):

 *  'Core' East Cushitic
 * Dullay
 * SAOK
 * Eastern Omo–Tana (Somaloid)
 * Western Omo–Tana (Arboroid) [incl. Yaaku]
 * Oromoid (Oromo–Konsoid)

Highland East Cushitic and Afar–Saho are coordinate (sister) branches with Lowland East Cushitic, together forming East Cushitic.

Overview
Lowland East Cushitic is often grouped with Highland East Cushitic (the Sidamic languages), Dullay, and Yaaku as East Cushitic, but that group is not well defined and considered dubious.

The most spoken Lowland East Cushitic language is Oromo, with about 35 million speakers in Ethiopia and Kenya. The Konsoid dialect cluster is closely related to Oromo. Other prominent languages include Somali (spoken by ethnic Somalis in Somalia, Somaliland, Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Kenya) with about 30 million speakers, and Afar (in Ethiopia, Eritrea and Djibouti) with about 1.5 million.

Robert Hetzron has suggested that the Rift languages (South Cushitic) are a part of Lowland East Cushitic, and Kießling & Mous (2003) have suggested more specifically that they be linked to a Southern Lowland branch, together with Oromo, Somali, and Yaaku–Dullay.

The vocabulary of the mixed register of Mbugu (Ma'a) may also be East Cushitic (Tosco 2002), though the grammatical basis and the other register are Bantu.

Unclassified within the Lowland languages are Girirra and perhaps the endangered Boon language.

Savà and Tosco (2003) believe Ongota is an East Cushitic language with a Nilo-Saharan substratum—that is, that Ongota speakers shifted to East Cushitic from an earlier Nilo-Saharan language, traces of which still remain. However, Fleming (2006) considers it to be an independent branch of Afroasiatic.

title: Lowland East Cushitic languages


text:
Leeds Pals

The Leeds Pals were a First World War Pals battalion of Kitchener's Army raised in the West Yorkshire city of Leeds. When the battalion was taken over by the British Army it was officially named the 15th Battalion (1st Leeds), The Prince of Wales's Own (West Yorkshire Regiment).

The battalion was formed in September 1914 by a committee led by Lord Brotherton, politician Francis Martineau Lupton and his brother Arthur G. Lupton. The brothers' brother, Lord Mayor of Leeds Sir Charles Lupton, was filmed in 1915 inspecting the Leeds Pals at a camp near Colsterdale in the Yorkshire Dales where the battalion underwent training. The Lord Mayor's brothers were also present at the event. The three sons of Francis Martineau Lupton - all educated at Rugby and Cambridge University - were killed during the Great War.

The battalion became part of the 93rd Brigade of the 31st Division, along with the two Bradford Pals battalions (16th and 18th Battalions, The West Yorkshire Regiment). In December 1915 the Leeds Pals were deployed to Egypt to defend the Suez Canal from the threat of the Ottoman Empire.

In March 1916 the battalion landed in France, joining the British build up for the Battle of the Somme. On the first day on the Somme, 1 July 1916, the 31st Division attacked towards the village of Serre and the Leeds Pals advanced from a line of copses named after the Gospels. The battalion was shelled in its trenches before Zero Hour (7.30 am) and when it advanced, it was met by heavy machine gun fire. A few men got as far as the German barbed wire but no further. Later in the morning the German defenders came out to clear the bodies off their wire, killing any that were still alive. The battalion casualties, sustained in the few minutes after Zero, were 24 officers and 504 other ranks, of which 15 officers and 233 other ranks were killed.

 * "The name of Serre and the date of 1st July is engraved deep in our hearts, along with the faces of our 'Pals', a grand crowd of chaps. We were two years in the making and ten minutes in the destroying." (Private A.V. Pearson, Leeds Pals)

In December 1917 the Leeds Pals were amalgamated with the 2nd Leeds battalion (17th Battalion, The West Yorkshire Regiment, a Bantam battalion) to form the 15th/17th Battalion, The West Yorkshire Regiment.

In popular culture
John Harris' novel Covenant With Death (Arrow Books Ltd., London, 1961) is a lightly fictionalized account of a private in the Sheffield City Battalion from their formation until the first day of the Battle of the Somme. A.V. Pearson's quote (above), slightly modified, is the last paragraph of the novel.

Benjamin Till's 2014 musical Brass is a fictional musical based on real life stories from the Leeds Pals.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Leeds Pals


text:
Les Chants Magnétiques

Les Chants Magnétiques (English title: Magnetic Fields) is the fifth studio album by French electronic musician and composer Jean-Michel Jarre, released on Disques Dreyfus on 20 May 1981. The album reached number six in the United Kingdom, number 98 in the United States and number 76 in Australia.

Title
The title of the album is a play on words in the French language. The literal English translation of the French title, "Les Chants Magnétiques", is "Magnetic Songs". However, the French word for 'fields' ( champs ) is a homophone of the French word for 'songs' ( chants ), so in French, if the title is spoken out loud, it can be interpreted as either magnetic fields or as magnetic songs. ( was a surrealist book published in 1920.)

The English title, "Magnetic Fields", is a literal translation of "les champs magnétiques" rather than "les chants magnétiques", and the pun in the original French title is lost in translation.

Composition and recording
The album is one of the first to use sounds from the Fairlight CMI. Its digital technology allowed Jarre to continue his earlier sonic experimentation in new ways. He also used instruments from the EMS company, among them the Synthi AKS, the VCS 3 and the Vocoder 1000.

"Les Chants Magnétiques (Part 1)" is divided into three different movements, "kicking off with an exhibitionist, cocksure first movement that seems to keep reaching to the sky for yet more key changes, followed by the swishy human samples and surreality of the second, and the mechanical chuntering and sonic lack of constraint of the third".

In minimalist piece "Les Chants Magnétiques (Part 3)" employs sounds from a toy box, and Jarre's collaborator Michel Geiss recorded the sounds produced by trains that would be used in the album. Les Chants Magnétiques was recorded and mixed by Jean-Pierre Janiaud assisted by Patrick Foulon at Croissy studio, the cover was designed by Remy Magron.

Release
Les Chants Magnétiques was released on 20 May 1981 in Europe, on 29 May in the UK and on 15 June in the US. It sold a reported 200,000 units in France alone by the beginning of July. In that same year, the British Embassy gave Radio Beijing copies of his albums, which became the first pieces of foreign music to be played on Chinese national radio in decades. China invited Jarre to become the first western musician to play there since the death of Mao Zedong.

Critical reception
Contemporary reception of the album was generally positive. Cashbox wrote that Magnetic Fields "is Jarre's most subtle work yet, being a bit busier than Oxygene and more textural than Equinoxe". In Smash Hits, Johnny Black stated that the album "proves more energetic than either of its two mega-selling predecessors. It is, arguably, wallpaper music, but his creative use of Latin and African rhythms ... moves it all up a notch."

Simon Tebbutt of Record Mirror described the album as "nullifying, stultifying and ultimately BORING". In an AllMusic retrospective review, writer John Bush commented that: "It's often just as melodic and inventive as Oxygene, though not as consistently creative."

Equipment

 * MDB Polysequencer
 * RSF Kobol
 * Oberheim OB-X
 * ARP 2600
 * Fairlight CMI
 * EMS Synthi AKS
 * EMS Synthi VCS3
 * Korg KR 55
 * Elka 707
 * Eminent 310U
 * Moog Taurus Pedal Synthesizer
 * Electronic Music Studios (EMS) Vocoder 1000
 * Korg VC-10
 * Electro-Harmonix Echoflanger

title: Les Chants Magnétiques


text:
RAF Stenigot

RAF Stenigot is a former Second World War radar station situated at Stenigot, near Donington on Bain, Lincolnshire.

Second World War
It was built in 1938 by Blaw-Knox as part of the Chain Home early-warning radar network. Initially, the site’s main feature was an octet of aerial towers. These were supported by some low-lying buildings.

Post war
The station was upgraded in 1959 to GEE H communications relay site as part of the ACE High programme, which involved adding four tropospheric scatter dishes. The site was decommissioned in the late 1980s and was mostly demolished by 1996.

Current use
The radar tower is a Grade II listed structure because it is the best preserved and most complete Chain Home transmitter tower surviving in its original location in the British Isles. The site is still in use by the RAF Aerial Erector School for selection tests for possible recruits.

Demolition of three radar dishes (October 2018)
Three of four dishes on site were scrapped in the winter of 2018. A local construction firm admitted to scrapping three of the four dishes, the legality of this is disputed. The first dish was removed from its supports sometime before 14 October, with two more dishes being felled over the following days. The fourth and last remaining dish was removed in mid to end–November 2020.

title: RAF Stenigot


text: User talk:167.7.248.212

title: User talk:167.7.248.212


text:
Talk:Les Chants Magnétiques

POV on dual titles
To the user who changed my rewrite on the dual titles: you put back the POV that I had removed. I don't mind you changing another person's style (because I could do the same), but please be aware that when you write that the French title is a word play on the English title, you are implying that the English title is the first/original and the French title is the translation/derivative.

 * I did not write that. Nor did I imply it.

 * Both versions state that the French title involves word play between the homophones "les chants magnetiques" and "les champs magnetiques". They do not say that either of these comes from the English title.

 * I believe you misunderstood this sentence; "Literally translated it means "Magnetic Songs" or "Magnetic Singing"". This does not mean that it was derived from English. The sentence is an aid for those who are not fluent in French.

Either that is a fact or you have to admit the contrary is also possible.

 * Actually, I think it's more probable that the French version came first.

Maybe it was a (probably involuntary) bias/POV induced by the fact that you are an English speaker. Thank you. --maf 15:15, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Wow... that's condescending, patronising and almost racist. Then again, it was based on your misunderstanding; I don't know if that makes it better or worse.
 * I will try to rewrite the paragraph to avoid this misinterpretation, then remove the POV tag. Fourohfour 16:36, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Additional; I've just looked at the original again. It implies that the French version came first!!!! Fourohfour 17:03, 7 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Would it correct to call the page "Magnetic Fields" i wonder? I own the album and of coure it has an English title, the only time the French would be used would be of course in Frnace, (or on the French Wiki) also "Waiting for Cousteau" is listed in the Englist page as "En attendant Cousteau" whcih again is the French version, but if you buy the English version of the CD, it is called "Waiting for Cousteau". I am not aware of any other Jarre albums that do this? Ijustwannabeawinner (talk) 13:10, 13 July 2018 (UTC)
 * – the live album The Concerts in China has an English title, as does Music for Supermarkets, although as only one copy was ever made of this album, arguing over its title may be a little pointless. You might have a point about Magnetic Fields and Waiting for Cousteau, though... this is the English Wikipedia, and the common English titles should probably be used. We would need consensus from other editors to change them, though. Richard3120 (talk) 22:22, 24 July 2018 (UTC)
 * Okay, could editors list below and vote change or no change then? Ijustwannabeawinner (talk) 05:56, 25 July 2018 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Magnetic Fields Jarre Album.jpg
Image:Magnetic Fields Jarre Album.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 16:19, 8 March 2008 (UTC)

Title Section
When are we going to remove the 'citation needed' nonsense from the Title section? I just finished reading a dreary, acidic argument about it here and honestly it wasn't worth the time. For over forty years, I and many others have been well aware of the album's rather clever French pun, as avid Jarre fans in England knew what it was called in France. Not being able to find this 'fact' set in stone in a citable publication is like having to explain a joke that is self-evident. Blitterbug 20:13, 27 January 2023 (UTC) Blitterbug 20:13, 27 January 2023 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Blitterbug (talk • contribs)
 * WP:BUTITSTRUE. Richard3120 (talk) 21:12, 27 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Les Chants Magnétiques


text:
User:MattHope

Nothing to see here but this

title: User:MattHope


text:
Spinning roller coaster

A spinning roller coaster is a roller coaster with cars that rotate on a vertical axis.

Virginia Reel
The first spinning roller coaster was the Tickler, built in 1908 by Henry Riehl at Luna Park. Instead of trains, the ride had tubs with seats built around the perimeter facing inward. These tubs spun freely on their chassis as they travelled down the track, sitting in a trough configuration similar to that of a side friction roller coaster. Known as a Virginia Reel, these spinning coasters did not have big hills or drops, but instead, were designed to feature many sharp turns. Toward the end of the track layout were two helices, followed by a drop into a dark tunnel. The last full size Virginia Reel operated at Blackpool Pleasure Beach and closed in 1982.

Spinning wild mouse coasters
In 1997, the first spinning wild mouse roller coaster opened at the defunct Dinosaur Beach pier at Wildwood, New Jersey. Similar to the design of other wild mouse coasters, the ride features a track layout and cars similar to a Virginia Reel, except the ride is made of steel rather than wood, and the seats face in one direction instead of toward each other. The layout of the ride boasts many hairpin turns and small hops. The design, noted for its portability and small footprint, became popular at smaller amusement parks and fairs. One well-known installation of the ride was Primeval Whirl at Disney's Animal Kingdom, which closed in 2020.

The spinning wild mouse was first manufactured by Reverchon Industries of France. In 2003, the company merged with Italy's Zamperla. Both companies eventually split apart again by 2006, when each began releasing their own spinning wild mouse coasters. Italy's Fabbri Group introduced a spinning model in 2006, and Maurer Söhne has been developing and constructing spinning coaster models since the early 2000s. In China, the amusement ride company Golden Horse has also released its own version.

Other spinning roller coasters
Zierer built the first modern spinning roller coaster in 1994 with the Drehgondelbahn in Freizeit-Land Geiselwind. Maurer Söhne introduced its Xtended SC spinning coasters in the late 1990s. The seat configuration is the same as Maurer Söhne's Compact Spinning Coaster, but unlike that model, the Xtended SC has large, twisted layouts with many vertical hairpin turns intended to spin the cars around and give each rider a different experience every ride. Examples include Spider at Utah's Lagoon, Winjas at Germany's Phantasialand, Spinball Whizzer at the UK's Alton Towers and Dragon's Fury at the UK's Chessington World of Adventures.

A similar ride debuted in 2004 when the first two Gerstlauer spinning coasters opened: Fairly Odd Coaster (formerly Timberland Twister) at Nickelodeon Universe inside the Mall of America, and Spinning Dragons at Worlds of Fun. These coasters have twisted track layouts similar to Maurer Söhne's Xtended SC, but the seats on Gerstlauer Spinning Coasters face towards each other, as with the Virginia Reel.

In 1995 Intamin debuted a spinning coaster with trains instead of individual cars: Comet Express at Lotte World in Seoul, South Korea. The trains have eight cars, with each car's two seats side by side. Like the Maurer Söhne and Gerstlauer spinning coasters, this "twist and turn coaster" features a twisted track layout. Three of these models have been built around the world.

Another spinning coaster with trains, Euro-Mir, was built by MACK Rides of Germany in 1997 at Europa-Park. The trains consist of four cars with four seats divided into two rows facing away from each other. The coaster has a twisted track layout that is built around five cylindrical towers. MACK opened a second coaster of this type, Sierra Sidewinder, at Knott's Berry Farm in 2007.

In 2018, Silver Dollar City opened Time Traveler, the world's first "Xtreme Spinning Coaster." Also created by MACK, this ride consists of a more thrilling layout than other spinning coasters of the time, with a vertical drop directly out of the station, many bunny hills and turns, 2 LSM launches and 2 inversions. The second ride of this type was opened 3 years later in 2021. Named The Ride to Happiness, it is located at Plopsaland De Panne in Adinkerke, Belgium.

Omnicoaster

title: Spinning roller coaster


text:
David V

David V (დავით V; 1113 — 1155), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was a 7th king (mepe) of Georgia in 1154 before his death in 1155.

Life
David was born around 1113 and was the eldest son of Prince Demetrius and grandson of David IV the Builder who was reigning at that time.

In the 1140s, King Demetrius I had quarrelled with his elder son David and had chosen his younger son, Prince George, as heir apparent. Those who had supported Demetrius' younger brother, Prince Vakhtang, now opposed Demetrius' unprecedented disinheritance of David.

In 1154 he managed to overthrow his father, made him a monk and sent him to the David Gareja monastery, while he ascended the throne.

After the overthrown of Demetrius, David V granted the office of Amirspasalar (Commander-in-Chief) to Kirkish (Tirkash), son of Ivane Abuletisdze who was exposed in a plot against Demetrius and executed by the Demetrius' orders in 1130s. Kirkish's promotion upset Sumbat I and Ivane II Orbeli.

Davit V died suddenly six months after becoming king. According to Vardan Areveltsi, David was poisoned by Sumbat I and Ivane II Orbeli, who the Orbelis had made an agreement with the Prince George that he would appoint them generals.

According to precedence and law, after David's death, his young son, Prince Demna should have inherited the throne. But Demetrius was restored to the throne, and he crowned his younger son, George, as co-ruler and retired to David Gareja monastery. Others allege that Demetrius had also died, and that George then seized the throne illicitly. According to the Armenian historian Stepanos Orbelian, gives his family's version of the events, which, unsurprisingly, exonerates them but still firmly condemns George. Stepanos denies any family involvement in the murder of David V and says that George had sworn to David V that he would rule only until Demna reached his majority, but then reneged on his vow. He claims that the Orbelis had been the witnesses of this vow and that they led the 1177 revolt to restore Demna, who was now adult, to his rightful position.

Family
The name of David V's wife is unknown, David and his wife had one children:
 * Prince Demna (born before 1155 – died c.  1178), claimed the royal throne, which led to a great rebellion against George III of Georgia in 1177-78.

title: David V


text: Category:Transport in Shanghai

title: Category:Transport in Shanghai


text:
Talk:Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix

Article title
Luigi2, please leave the title alone; it follows the consistency of all the other article titles in Category:Dance Dance Revolution series. The games are spelled and capitalized according to Konami's usage (see the link on the page). --Poiuyt Man (talk)  12:07, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I just moved the page to Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix without really thinking about it. I now realize that you guys seem to have seperate pages for North America and Asia releases and this screws up the consistency mentioned above. So feel free to revert my changes. --TheDotGamer Talk 08:14, May 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * The North American and Asian releases have different articles because most of the DDR home versions are very different in the US and Japan. For example, DDR Extreme in the US is not based off the Japanese PS2 Extreme version, but rather the completely separate title, DDR Festival.
 * This DDR Mario game looks like it might be mostly the same for both countries. If this is the case, the US title should be used, as per Wikipedia standards. I haven't seen the colon used in the title, however. --Poiuyt Man (talk)  12:34, 19 May 2005 (UTC)

Stub?
Can we agree on this page not being a stub anymore? Deathawk 17:33, 2 January 2006 (UTC)
 * No longer a stub GCFreak2 11:05, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

Music from Mario Paint
How are Les Pâtineurs and Old Folks at Home from Mario Paint? GLmathgrant 02:11, 9 June 2006 (UTC)
 * They aren't? I was certain that they were. I'll make them blank if they haven't been blanked already. (Also, is it me table that's caused the cleanup box at the top?) Ron Stoppable 05:04, 12 June 2006 (UTC)
 * No, the cleanup box has been on this page for a LOOOOOOOONG time. In fact, it says on the page that it's been tagged since March. I don't think your table caused it. :) GLmathgrant 16:15, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

Music Remixes and Resemblances

 * Some of the music contains features borrowed from other songs. For instance, the "Here We Go!" song (JPN) uses features from other soundtracks: features from the stage themes for Night Carnival from Sonic Rush and the Funky Dealer song from the soundtrack for Jet Set Radio Future, for instance. Should this be added to the article or is it not noteworthy enough? Knuckles sonic8 04:00, 29 November 2006 (UTC)

Synopsis Edit
I'm sure we can all agree that the synopsis is in dire need of editing. A lot of it is in an "in-universe" point of view. I'm going to try and fix it, but I'll need someone to go over it after to make sure I got everything. Also, I'm removing the names of the songs for each point of the game, as there is a table for songs, and I don't feel it is necessary to say which song plays where in the plot. Lorilei Mackenzie 19:39, 24 July 2007 (UTC)
 * So, I've made a major change. Since we are not a fansite, I removed all the spoilers in the storyline. I also changed the heading of "Synopsis" to "Storyline". I figured that may be appropriate. I kept the whole storyline brief, although it seems a bit vague. However, I think this is at least a start. Lorilei Mackenzie 19:56, 24 July 2007 (UTC)

Daisy
Whoever decided that Daisy has "popularity" has issues. U-Mos 15:40, 17 September 2007 (UTC)

Plot
Heavily trimmed down as per SergeCross's suggestion, removed the {plot} tag. Salvidrim (talk) 20:58, 17 October 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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needed other self-citation
Could you please, have to modify citation. Apollo C. Quiboloy fans (talk) 06:49, 31 October 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dance Dance Revolution: Mario Mix


text:
Konso language

Konso (Komso, Khonso, also Af Kareti, Afa Karatti, Conso, Gato, Karate, Kareti) is a Lowland East Cushitic language spoken in southwest Ethiopia. Native speakers of Konso number about 200,000 (SIL 2005). Konso is closely related to Dirasha (also known as Gidole), and serves as a "trade language"—or lingua franca—beyond the area of the Konso people. Blench (2006) considers purported dialects Gato and Turo to be separate languages.

The Grammar of Konso was first described by Hellenthal (2004), and later, in more detail, by Ongaye (2013). The New Testament was published in the Konso language in 2002.

Consonants
Unlike its Oromoid relatives and most East African languages in general, Konso distinguishes neither voiced nor ejective consonants. Instead, it has a series of implosive stops, including the extremely rare uvular implosive /ʛ/.

Vowels
Typical of a Cushitic language, Konso distinguishes five short and five long vowels:

Literature on the Konso language

 * Uusitalo, Mirjami (2007). Konso language. in Siegbert Uhlig (ed.), Encyclopaedia Aethiopica 3, 424-425. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
 * Uusitalo, Mirjami (2007). Konso language. in Siegbert Uhlig (ed.), Encyclopaedia Aethiopica 3, 424-425. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
 * Uusitalo, Mirjami (2007). Konso language. in Siegbert Uhlig (ed.), Encyclopaedia Aethiopica 3, 424-425. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.
 * Uusitalo, Mirjami (2007). Konso language. in Siegbert Uhlig (ed.), Encyclopaedia Aethiopica 3, 424-425. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag.

title: Konso language


text:
Talk:List of parties contesting the 2005 United Kingdom general election

Position of RESPECT
It's clear that Respect should be part of "current representation at Westminster". They are listed as such on the official parliament website. This is the authority on what parties are in Parliament! Talrias (t | e | c) 12:09, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I'd have thought that George Galloway would be the authority on which party he represented. In the last Parliament, he was clear that he was "Independent Labour". Though he was also a member of RESPECT he did not regard as himself as a RESPECT MP as he had not been elected under that label. Warofdreams 10:04, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Parliament.uk states that he represents Respect at westminster. Is there a source for the quote about "independent Labour"? -- 62.255.241.252 10:06, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)User:Joolz (not logged in)
 * Gslloway actually seems to have avoided giving quotes about which party he represents. There are numerous references to him as independent Labour - including some from the RESPECT site - and many more just saying "independent".  The only quote relevant to his party affiliation I can find is http://politics.guardian.co.uk/labour/story/0,9061,1069446,00.html where he said he was "prepared" to stand as an independent.  He hasn't ever said that he is a RESPECT MP, although RESPECT now claim he is.  To my mind, it would seem fairer and more simple to say that he is variously described as "Independent" or "RESPECT" and is standing for RESPECT. Warofdreams 11:54, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The problem could be avoided altogether by renaming the section "Parties that won seats in the 2001 election", which is the best guide to whether they will win seats this time out, which is, after all, why the parties are grouped into separate sections in the first place. sjorford →•← 14:43, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

The Respect website does claim Galloway as a Respect MP (see here). If you look in back issues of the WIB on www.parliament.uk Galloway was Independent Labour; he seems not to have noticed this and so continued to be given as Independent Labour after Respect was formed, but to all intents and purposes he was a Respect MP from January 2004. Dbiv 13:27, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Other parties from Electoral Commission website
The Electoral Commission list all parties which have informed them of their intention to stand. It does not yet appear to be finalised, but these parties seem to be absent from our list:

 * Alternative Party -
 * British Democratic Reform Society -
 * British Public Party -
 * Bromsgrove Independent Group -
 * Build Duddon and Morecambe Bridges Party -
 * Christian Peoples Alliance -
 * Citizens Democracy Party -
 * Common Good -
 * Croydon Pensions Alliance -
 * England First Party -
 * Free Democrats, The Organisation of -
 * Get Britain Back -
 * Imperial Party -
 * Independent Green Voice -
 * John Lilburne Democratic Party -
 * Justice Party -
 * Liberal Party -
 * Local Community Party -
 * Millenium Council -
 * Monster Raving Loony Party -
 * Morley Borough Independents -
 * Motorists, Equity & Unity Party -
 * New England Party -
 * New Millenium Bean Party -
 * Northern Progress -
 * Operation Christian Vote -
 * Peace Party -
 * Pensioners Party Scotland -
 * Pensioners Party -
 * Peoples Party -
 * Progressive Democratic Party -
 * Publican Party -
 * Radical Party -
 * Real Democracy Party -
 * Referendum Party -
 * Resolutionist Party -
 * Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain -
 * Save Bristol North Baths Party -
 * Scottish Independence Party -
 * Scottish Senior Citizens Unity Party -
 * Senior Citizens Party -
 * Silent Majority Party -
 * S-O-S! Voters Against Overdevelopment of Northampton -
 * Telepathic Partnership -
 * Thames Ditton & Weston Green RA -
 * Third Way -
 * UK Anti Party,The -
 * Vote For Yourself Rainbow Dream Ticket -
 * Workers' Revolutionary Party -
 * Your Party

Sorting
I've put every party which looks vauguely English into the appropriate section (generaly I just took any thing with 'England' in the name, and things with an English sounding placename). Can someone check up that I haven't made any stupid mistakes here please :)

Also, can anyone suggest an easy way of making the list a little more comprehensible, as it seems a little silly in some ways to list the Liberal Party in the same section as (for example) the Publican Party when one came second in a seat at the last election, and I've never even heard of the other. Ideally any method would be easy to check and verify, I was thinking if a party has seats on a local council, but that strikes me as being a hell of a lot of work. --Neo 11:36, Apr 21, 2005 (UTC)

 * I think that would be a lot of work. I'll try to do it by the number of seats in which they are standing. Warofdreams 15:45, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Region/nation
Consistency is important. The article is led by the Tories, Labour and the Lib Dems under the heading "Nationwide parties" and this is confusing when earlier it refers to listing parties by nation. I'd be happy if nation was used in the opening section if this heading was changed, but as it was (before my edit) is confusing. Talrias (t | e | c) 10:11, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I've substituted a more accurate section title, but it's not very snappy - have you got any better ideas? Warofdreams 18:35, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Hmmm, I think the best course is to change it back to "nation" and change the title to use "countrywide". In the UK's case, nation is distinct from countrywide - I think a note explaining this might be appropriate. What do you think of this? Talrias (t | e | c) 19:32, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * That might work - I think the problem is that with the exception of the Conservatives and the Rainbow Dream Ticket group, none of the groups are standing in Northern Ireland, so they're not really UK-wide. Warofdreams 09:42, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * How about just getting rid of the top section entirely then and put each party in the appropriate heading for the different nations of the UK (obviously they would have to be repeated). The number of seats can then be the number of seats they are entering for that area. Talrias (t | e | c) 12:59, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)

England and Wales
Why are these two regions combined? After all, some parties stand in Wales only and England only. They should be split out. Talrias (t | e | c) 15:00, 16 May 2005 (UTC)

 * I think the idea behind it is as the most parties are common to England and Wales - i.e. do not have seperate parties as happens with Scotland, (the ones I know for certain are Scottish Green Party and Green Party of England and Wales, but I think most parties do it this way) and so its easier to list them together, however it may just be an artefact of the source data. --Neo 15:09, May 16, 2005 (UTC)

Nationalist / Republicans in N. Ireland
On the List of parties contesting the United Kingdom general election, 2005 page one lists N. Irish parties stating that some are republican, some nationalist, and some unionist. I went to the page today and considered that someone visiting the page might not be familiar with these terms within the context, so I endevoured to link them to some relevant pages.

We have an excellent Unionist (Ireland) page, but would someone familiar with the history and politics of the region write a similar page on the nationalist/repulicans, or else tell me of a nice relevant page to which I should link these headings? Many Thanks. --Neo 14:05, Jun 9, 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
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text:
Laila Hirvisaari

Laila Ellen Kaarina Hirvisaari (7 June 1938 – 16 June 2021), also known as Laila Hietamies, was a Finnish author and writer. By 2008, more than four million copies of her works had been sold.

Biography
When Laila Hirvisaari was three years old, her father Aarne died in the Continuation War between Finland and the Soviet Union, so she had no memories of him. After the war, she and her family were evacuated first to Lappeenranta and later to the western part of Finland.

In 1958, she married Heikki Hietamies, who later also became a well-known Finnish author. He is also known for presenting the Tangomarkkinat ("Tango fair"), a major tango competition (1985–1999).

Laila Hietamies's first novel Lehmusten kaupunki ("City of the Lindens") was published in 1972 and began a series of novels about Lappeenranta; the seventh part was published in 2004. Hietamies wrote many other novel series, mostly about Karelia and the consequences of the wars of Finland in the 1940s. She wrote also books about a Russian princess, Sonja, during the Russian Revolution.

On 9 December 2004, Laila Hietamies, along with her three cousins, changed their name back to the maiden name Hirvisaari and from then on, her books were published under that name.

Hirvisaari received many respected Finnish literature awards but never the most prestigious one, the Finlandia Prize. Her novel about Catherine the Great] (Minä, Katariina), however, was nominated for the Finlandia in 2011.

Hirvisaari wrote 34 novels and many short stories and plays. A movie was based on her novel Hylätyt talot, autiot pihat ("Abandoned houses, empty yards") in 2000. Several of her books have been translated into other languages:

 * Myrskypilvet (Tormipilved), Estonian, Eesti Raamat, 1996
 * Satakielimetsä (Ööbikusalu), Estonian, Eesti Raamat, 1998
 * Sonja (Vürstitar Sonja), Estonian, Eesti Raamat, 1995, translated by Debora Vaarandi
 * Valkoakaasiat (Valged akaatsiad), Eesti Raamat, 1996, translated by Debora Vaarandi
 * Vienan punainen kuu (Red Moon over White Sea), English, Aspasia Books/Canada, 2000, translated by Börje Vähämäki
 * Viktoria (Victoria), Estonian, Eesti Raamat, 1999, translated by Anne Karu

title: Laila Hirvisaari


text:
Mount Druitt Hospital

Mount Druitt Hospital is a district general hospital in Sydney suburb of Mount Druitt, New South Wales, Australia. It was opened by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II on 11 October 1982, and was designed by Lawrence Nield in 1980.

In 2015/2016, the average available bed number was 161. The hospital had 32,437 attendances in 2015/2016.

Services
In addition to medical, surgical and paediatric patients, the hospital includes emergency, surgical, dental, palliative care services and Medical Imaging facilities. The operating suite was renamed in 2013 in honour of surgeon Dr Mac Wyllie.

Mount Druitt Hospital's Palliative Care Unit was Australia's leading palliative care service in 2014.

It is also considered the area's leading pediatric care facility with emergency and inpatient services for children.

Expansion
In 2006, the state member Richard Amery announced extensions totalling 10 beds spread throughout various units within the hospital. This included aged care rehabilitation and emergency care.

In 2012, the NSW Government announced the Blacktown Mount Druitt Hospital Expansion Project Stage 1. At Mount Druitt Hospital, projects included an expanded Dental Unit with 8 additional dental chairs, a new Urgent Care Centre, main entry refurbishment, new ambulance bay, sterilising facility upgrade and expanded rehabilitation facilities. The Stage 1 Expansion projects were completed in 2014.

In 2017, stage 2 expansion delivered a new facility for addiction medicine, expanded surgical facilities and more imaging. A new community dialysis centre is due to open later in 2017.

On 14 March 2018, NSW Premier Gladys Berejiklian officially opened the new Community Dialysis Centre at Mount Druitt Hospital, marking the completion of the stage 2 hospital expansion which included a new Centre for Addiction Medicine, Pre-Admissions Clinic, expanded Recovery Unit for operating theatres, and a digital theatre.

The new Community Dialysis Centre has 12 treatment spaces for dialysis and was co-designed with patients, carers and staff to provide dialysis treatment closer to home in response to increasing demand for services.

The expansion projects were designed by architects Jacobs.

Awards
Nominated for the RAIA National Sir Zelman Cowen Award Awards/83 Architecture Australia December 1983 p6
 * 1983 Royal Australian Institute of Architects NSW Merit Award

title: Mount Druitt Hospital


text:
User talk:TheKarlShow

MetaKarl
I can't imagine why anybody would want to talk about me.

You might have a good reason, however.

Be civil, be intelligent and enjoy.

title: User talk:TheKarlShow


text:
Allied Command Europe Highband

Allied Command Europe Highband, better known as ACE High, was a fixed service NATO radiocommunication and early warning system dating back to 1956. After extensive testing ACE High was accepted by NATO to become operational in 1964/1965.

The frequency supportability and frequency assignments were provided in accordance with the NATO Joint Civil/Military Frequency Agreement (NJFA). The system was designed to be a combined UHF troposcatter/microwave radio system, providing long-range communications in the form of telephone, telegraph and data traffic in the NATO chain of command.

Its combined services produced over 200 channels and equipment was in place to multiplex them to contain up to 12 different calls each. There used to be 49 troposcatter links augmented by 40 Line Of Sight Microwave terrestrial stations, located in nine different NATO countries from northern Norway through central Europe to eastern Turkey. The transmitters broadcast at 832.56 - 959.28 MHz producing an average transmitting power of 10 kilowatts.

History
NATO had been established in 1949 with then a supreme command (SHAPE) near Versailles, France, and the regional headquarters (RHQ) Allied Forces Northern Europe (AFNORTH) at Kolsås, Norway (responsible for Denmark, Norway and the UK), Allied Forces Central Europe (AFCENT) at Laffaux, France (responsible for Belgium, France, Germany and the Netherlands) and Allied Forces Southern Europe (AFSOUTH) at Naples, Italy (responsible for Italy, Greece and Turkey). Supreme command, the three RHQ's and all subordinated units used various communication systems to establish contact: high frequency radio networks, VHF beaming transmitters and civil or military landlines. All systems had their weakness in equipment reliability; in the maximum amount of data transferred; in encryption possibilities and in unauthorized data interception. So in the early 1950s there existed an urgent need for a reliable, foolproof long distance European communications network.

US developed tropospheric diffusion techniques, integrated in a new military communications network appeared to be the solution and in 1956 STC, a planning, design, engineering and installation company had been ordered to develop a new integrated communications network in Europe. This network consisted of a number of "backbone" stations covering the 6,800 km distance from the north of Norway to the south of Turkey and was initially called the "Over the Horizon Troposperic scatter Communications Net" but was renamed "Allied Command Europe - Highband" (ACE-High). The network would be kept operational until the 1990s as all frequencies then had to be released to the civilian authorities.

After all components had been installed on their locations by Marconi Electronic Systems UK, (from 1968 part of General Electric Company), in 1961 the ACE-High system had officially been transferred to NATO.

In 1966 however France, under president Charles de Gaulle, withdrew from NATO integrated military structure (not from the Alliance itself) and systems had to be rerouted from France to Brunssum, Netherlands while the former Primary Control Center at Beauvais, was relocated to Lamersdorf, West-Germany.

In the early 1970s, the first geostationary satellites in the "Satellite Communication" network (SATCOM) had been activated thus expanding the ACE-High system.

The rise of the military SATCOM I-III (1971–1994), SATCOM IV (1995-now) network satellites, Internet routers, and the Central Region Integrated Communication System (CRICS) and the Crisis Response Operations in NATO Operating Systems (CRONOS) made ACE High obsolete. By the end of the 1980s, its replacement was already available but NATO postponed the ACE High phasing-out until 1995.

In 1995, the first British NATO SATCOM IV/B satellites had been activated and because the ACE-High frequencies had to be released for civil TV and mobile phone usage NATO decided to deactivate ACE-High in 1996, and the 800 MHz band frequencies became available for civilian use again.

ACE High sites
The ACE High network included the following major sites and terminals, but also connected Line of Sight (LOS) microwave links to other networks reaching C2 centres not listed here.

Pos 69.32889°N, 17.49694°W TX RX Equipment:1 Scatter Line + 2 Radio Line
 * AFNORTH-Norway
 * (NC- Senja) > NSEZ

Pos 69.07806°N, 18.00444°W 502 m TX RX Equipment:1 Radio Line
 * (nca - Höggumpen) > NHGZ

Pos 67.17306°N, 15.02333°W 801 m TX RX Equipment:2 Scatter Line + 1 Radio Line
 * (ND- Bodö) > NKLZ

TX RX Equipment:1 Radio Line
 * (nda - Bodoe Tail - Kletkov) > NVAZ Pos unbekannt

Pos 65.87806°N, 13.30306°W 627 m TX RX Equipment:2 Scatter Line
 * (NE - Mosjöen) > NMOZ

Pos 63.31139°N, 10.93806°W 677 m AMSL TX RX Equipment:2 Scatter Line + 1 Radio Line
 * (NF - Trondheim) > NSBZ

Pos 63.42083°N, 10.25167°W 543 m AMSL TX RX Equipment:1 Radio Line
 * (nfa - Trondheim Tail - Graakallen)

Pos 60.05944°N, 11.26917°W 246 m TX RX Equipment:2 Scatter Line + 1 Radio Line
 * (NG - Oslo AAA) > NSOZ

Pos 68.30083°N, 14.23778°W TX RX Equipment:3 Radio Line
 * (Oslo YYY - Svartas) > NVAZ

Pos 59.91861°N, 10.51611°W TX RX Equipment:1 Radio Line
 * (nga - Oslo Tail 01 - Kolsaas) > NKOZ

Pos 59.15611°N, 10.43861°W 14 m TX RX Equipment:1 Radio Line
 * (ngb - Oslo Tail 02 - Maakeroy) > NVEZ

Pos 58.45528°N, 8.46194°W 326 m TX Rx Equipment:3 Scatter Line
 * (NH - Grimstad - Stormyrheia/hørte) > NSMZ

Pos 59.52778°N, 5.90333°W 792 m TX RX Equipment:2 Scatter Line
 * (NJ - Sola - Lysenut) > NLYZ

Pos 55.87444°N, 9.35°W 135 m TX RX Equipment:2 Scatter Line + 1 Radio Line
 * AFNORTH-Denmark
 * (DA - Karup - Torphøj) > DTOZ

Pos 56.23028°N, 9.16333°W 68 m TX RX Equipment:1 Radio Line
 * (daa - Karup Tail - Lundbakke) > DLUZ

 * AFNORTH-United Kingdom
 * (EAA - Faroes - Sandfelli 2)
 * (EA - Shetlands - Mossy Hill) > UMSZ - Mossy Hill > 59.95476°N, -1.30322°W 227 m AMSL
 * (eab - Shetlands Tail Relay - Collofirth Hill) > UCOZ - Collafirth Hill > 60.53354°N, -1.39119°W 239 m AMSL
 * (eac - Shetlands Tail - Saxa Vord) USVZ - Saxa Vord 60.827°N, -0.83961°W 276 m AMSL
 * (EB - Aberdeen - Mormond Hill) > UMOZ - Mormond Hill 57.60311°N, -2.03107°W 227 m AMSL
 * (eba - Aberdeen Tail - Long Haven Hill) > UBUZ - Long Haven Hill 57.45887°N, -1.8128°W 95 m AMSL
 * (EC - Boulmer - Brizlee Wood) > UBOZ - Brizlee Wood 55.41813°N, -1.76785°W 250 m AMSL
 * (ED - Binbrook - Stenigot) > UBIZ - Stenigot 53.32669°N, 0.11596°W 153 m AMSL
 * (EE - London - Coldblow Lane) > UMAZ - Coldblow Lane 51.29582°N, 0.61431°W 194 m AMSL
 * (eeb - London Tail Relay - Woldingham - RAF Botley Hill Farm)
 * (eea - London tail - Hillingdon)
 * RAF Uxbridge – local terminus

 * AFCENT-France
 * (FAN - Paris - Mont Florentin) FFLZ - Paris North  49.341°N, 2.05189°W 222 m AMSL
 * FTAZ - Taverny 49.03413°N, 2.2294°W 178 m AMSL
 * (fac - Paris Tail (2)- Sant Germain) 48.91241°N, 2.02373°W 71 m AMSL
 * (fae - Paris Tail (2) - Extension (SHAPE) 48.84283°N, 2.10397°W 178 m AMSL
 * (fa - Relais Paris - Emeville) FEMZ - Emeville  49.30051°N, 3.01139°W 247 m AMSL
 * (faa - Paris Tail (1) - Laffaux) 49.45418°N, 3.41594°W 143 m AMSL
 * (fad - Relay Paris - Rozoy Bellevalle) FRBZ - Rozoy Bellevalle  48.93224°N, 3.47351°W 219 m AMSL
 * (FAS - Paris - Mont Aout) FAOZ - Paris South  48.77077°N, 3.89037°W 216 m AMSL
 * (FA - Trier - Rohrbach) FROZ - Rohrbach  49.05513°N, 7.24465°W 376 m AMSL
 * (fay - Trier Tail - Kindsbach) ABHZ - Kindsbach  49.3967°N, 7.59398°W 458 m AMSL
 * (FC - Lyon - Pierre sur Haute) FLYZ - Lyon 45.6532°N, 3.80919°W 1632 m AMSL
 * (FD - Nice - Signal de la Chens) FNIZ - Nice  43.74824°N, 6.66246°W 1703 m AMSL

 * AFCENT-Netherlands
 * HBRZ - Brunssum 50.93864°N, 5.97656°W 95 m AMSL TX equipment 1S + 1R
 * HMAZ - Maastricht 50.84029°N, 5.65938°W 82 m AMSL TX equipment 1S +2R

 * AFCENT-Belgium
 * BADZ - Adinkerke
 * BCAZ - Casteau Supreme HQ Allied Powers Europe Pos 50.50154°N, 3.97103°W 87 m AMSL TX Equipment 2S +2R
 * BCHZ - Chievres Pos 50.58549°N, 3.81662°W TX Equipment 2S +2R
 * BFRZ - Baraque de Fraiture 50.25221°N, 5.73226°W 654 m AMSL TX Equipment 3R

 * AFCENT-Germany
 * ABHZ - Kindsbach 49.39757°N, 7.59477°W 458 m ü. NN
 * (AA - Emden - Aurich) AEMZ - Aurich 53.5089°N, 7.44301°W 10 m ü. NN
 * (AB - Moenchengladbach - Roetgen) ALAZ -Lammersdorf 50.666°N, 6.28738°W 593 m ü. NN
 * (abb - Moenchengladbach Tail (1) - Hehn) AHEZ - Hehn 51.18096°N, 6.39383°W 81 m ü. NN
 * (aba - Moenchengladbach Tail (2) - Millen) 50.76608°N, 5.56313°W 151 m ü. NN
 * (abc - Uedem) AUEZ - Uedem 51.66086°N, 6.28305°W 47 m ü. NN
 * AFEZ - Feldberg 47.87308°N, 8.01659°W 1458 m ü. NN

 * AFSOUTH-Italy
 * IDGZ - Dosso dei Galli 45.85379°N, 10.37563°W 2174 m AMSL
 * IVTZ - Verona Tail ( im West Star Bunker ) 45.55497°N, 10.76301°W 334 m AMSL
 * (IA - Livorno - Monte Giogo) IMXZ - Livorno  44.32149°N, 10.12526°W 1496 m AMSL
 * (IAZ - Cavriana - Monte Bosco Scuro) IMBZ - Cavriana  45.35022°N, 10.61707°W 189 m AMSL
 * (iaa - Verona Torre 4) 45.45315°N, 11.00849°W 164 m AMSL
 * (IAY - Lame - Cavanella) ICEZ - Lame Concordia  45.74889°N, 12.8691°W 7 m AMSL
 * (iax - Aviano)  IAVZ - Aviano 46.02306°N, 12.59283°W 99 m AMSL
 * (IB - Rome - Tolfa)  ITLZ - Rome 42.15049°N, 11.90909°W 621 m AMSL
 * (iba - Rome Tail - Monte Cavo) IMCZ - Monte Cavo  41.75135°N, 12.70862°W 930 m AMSL
 * (IC - Naples - Ischia - Punta Fetto) IICZ - Naples  40.59747°N, 13.90237°W 639 m AMSL
 * (ica - Naples Tail - Monte Pecorara) IPEZ - Monte Petrino  41.22341°N, 13.96604°W 335 m AMSL
 * (icy - Monte Vergine) IMNZ - Monte Nardello 40.94258°N, 14.71869°W 1516 m AMSL
 * (icz - Monte Vulture) IVUZ - Monte Vulture  40.95087°N, 15.63632°W 1301 m AMSL
 * (icv - Monte Iacontenente) IIAZ - Monte Iacontenente 41.78897°N, 16.04945°W
 * (icf - Pietra Ficcata) IPFZ - Pietra Ficcata  40.56803°N, 16.32259°W 586 m AMSL
 * (icw - Martina Franca) IAMZ - Martina Franca 40.65638°N, 17.28918°W
 * (ID - Catanzaro - Monte Mancuso) IMMZ - Catanzaro  39.0192°N, 16.22556°W 1319 m AMSL
 * (IDA - Monte Lauro - Cozzo tre Grotte) ICCZ - Monte Lauro 37.11448°N, 14.85527°W 944 m AMSL

 * AFSOUTH-Malta
 * (idb - Malta - Gharghur) IDBZ - Malta - Gharghur

 * AFSOUTH-Greece
 * (GA - Kefallina) > GKFZ - Kefallonia 38.16977°N, 20.61904°W 1001 m AMSL
 * (GB - Athens - Pendelikon) > GPKZ - Athens 38.08068°N, 23.88282°W 1038 m AMSL
 * (GBZ - Crete - Ziros) > GZIZ - Ziros 35.06487°N, 26.15396°W 786 m AMSL
 * (GBY - Larissa - Phillon) > GPIZ - Phillon 39.42299°N, 23.05321°W 1513 m AMSL
 * (GBW - Vitsi) > GVIZ - Vitzi 40.64537°N, 21.38641°W 2009 m AMSL
 * (GBV - Ismaros) > GISZ - Ismaros 40.89296°N, 25.54891°W 612 m AMSL

 * AFSOUTH-Turkey
 * (TA - Izmir - Bespinar Tepes) > TBPZ - Izmir - Bespinar Tepes 38.31353°N, 27.02497°W 964 m AMSL
 * (taa - Izmir Tail) > TKYZ - Izmir Tail
 * (TB - Eskisehir) > TKUZ - Eskishir - Kutahya Dagi 39.41757°N, 29.8553°W 1820 m AMSL
 * (tba - Eskirsehir Tail) > TESZ - Eskirsehir Tail
 * (TC - Ankara) > TEDZ - Ankara - Elan Dagi 39.80572°N, 32.9923°W 1856 m AMSL
 * (TCK - Merzifon) > TKJZ - Merzifon
 * (TCW - Persembe) > TPEZ - Persembe
 * (TCV - Pazar) > TPAZ - Pazar
 * (TD - Siwas - Pinarbasi) > TPIZ - Pinarbasi 38.67725°N, 36.40294°W 2285 m AMSL
 * (TG - Adana) > TDDZ - Davudi Dağı 36.8276°N, 35.63852°W 515 m AMSL
 * (tga - Adana Tail) > TDAZ - Adana Tail
 * (TE - Dyarbakir - Karaka Dagi) > TDIZ > Dyarbakir - Karaka Dagi'''
 * (tea - Dyarbakir Tail) > TDEZ - Dyarbakir Tail
 * Bloatli, Turkey

 * AFSOUTH-Cyprus
 * (TCZ - Cap Greco) > JCGZ -Cavo Greko 34.9669°N, 34.06984°W 62 m AMSL

 * Equipment used

Initially 60, 30 or 15 ft dish or billboard type antennas have been used in combination with General Electric or RCA AN/MRC80 TRC24; AN/FRC-75 or 39 radio sets. Later being replaced by newer Siemens & Halske EM 120/400 and 12/800 types. The type and beaming angle of the antennas depended of the local site position and its distance to the next relays.

title: Allied Command Europe Highband


text:
Talk:Complement (genetics)

Page Merges planned
See also complementary DNA. (Should these two articles get merged?) --Comment by User:Michael Hardy on main page.
 * No. This area is a bit of a mess. Complement in genetics usually refers to something else entirely (as in complementation test).complementary DNA (cDNA) is specifically DNA generated from RNA. I'd like to draw attention to the page at Hybridisation (molecular biology) as well. I'm going to start tidying this stuff up. --Mike C | talk 12:12, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

OK. I've looked around a bit. My plan is to:

 * 1) Create a new page Complementarity (molecular biology)
 * 2) Move the content of this page there.
 * 3) Create a new page Complementation (genetics)
 * 4) Put content on Complementation there.
 * 5) Redirect this page there.

--Mike C | talk 12:25, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Complement (genetics)


text:
User:TheKarlShow

TheKarlShow
Age: 21 Occupation: Student Interests:
 * Literature
 * Philosophy
 * Anthropology
 * Archeology
 * History
 * Art

title: User:TheKarlShow


text:
Talk:Entei (Pokémon)

The meaning of Entei
I am sure that the meaning of en means flame (炎) and tei means emperor (帝). Well it's just such simple meaning. Like suicune means water monarch and raikou means thunder lord. Entei means flame emperor. So please do not edit it. --Lugiadoom 03:53, 25 July 2006 (UTC)
 * I think the Inti reference is worth mentioning too. Crazedgiggles 20:15, 13 October 2006 (UTC)

but the inuyasha entei page says that entei means flame hoof??

flame hoof...(i am a chinese) i think they have translated it wrongly into 炎蹄....... Lugiadoom 10:15, 21 January 2007 (UTC)

Might it has somthing to do with Eihei (Eihei-ji) a monasterie in Fukui City? (I just saw that the name was alike)

Sugimori art
Do you think the Sugimori art on the Entei, Raikou, and Suicune articles could be replaced with the newer, better-looking (in my opinion) Sugimori art from Mystery Dungeon? Just a suggestion. -- ~PinkDeoxys~ 22:45, 8 October 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Entei (Pokémon)


text:
Talk:The B-52s

"B-52's" vs. "B-52s" revisited
I'm a staunch believer in the plural of something not using an apostrophe. The band's official web site now has the (grammatically correct!) version without an apostrophe and this is used by the band across their artwork on newer releases, a change which seems to have been made when Funplex was released.

What's the precedent here? Just because Billboard etc. use the old, original incarnation doesn't mean they're correct. The band obviously used the apostrophised version for their earliest albums and continued this through to the more recent 'correction' - whether or not this was their choice or a designer's mistake, never corrected, is another question entirely.

So, do bands on Wikipedia always keep the original incarnation of their name or does this kind of thing go to a vote to decide whether the article title gets updated to match? By rights as the band now use "B-52s", I feel the article title should be updated to reflect this and the redirect can be implemented. Otherwise, the title's technically incorrect. Christopher (talk) 13:39, 28 January 2012 (UTC)

 * I agree wholeheartedly and I'm about to make the move myself. Vranak (talk) 12:55, 6 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Currently awaiting a decision for the B-52s redirect to be deleted so this can move into place. I do not agree with the rationale presented earlier that because they were the B-52's for most of their career that they should forever be known that way. They realized the illiteracy and hamfistedness of their mistake and corrected it. Good on them, now let's do the same. Vranak (talk) 13:23, 6 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Retracted the speedy delete request since this is apparently not uncontroversial. Will wait for some responses to roll in before taking further action. Vranak (talk) 13:32, 6 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Um, isn't the plural of the numeral 2, expressed as 2's ? No? The plural of the letter B is B's, right? Whether or not they had it grammatically correct, I think the most searches will be for the original historical syntax. If next week U2 changes their name to U-2, would we really want to change the wiki page? When did they peak? When did they sell the majority of their albums and touch the most people and when were they most culturally relevant and impactive? Richard 50.47.246.194 (talk) 09:05, 4 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Not right away, but eventually I think we'd need to respect the band's preference. You know, give them enough time to rethink their decision and then alter the historical record. Vranak (talk) 21:51, 4 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Another point is that "The B-52's" is an illiterate form, while "U2" is not. Vranak (talk) 17:19, 29 April 2012 (UTC)

The title of an article follows standard usage - it should follow what the majority of reliable sources use, and what the general reader would expect to see, so they know they have arrived at the right article. We do not necessarily use "official" names - see Official names. The full policy is here: Article titles, and there's a bit on band names here: WP:BANDNAME. In general, when a band, organisation, venue, etc, changes name, we continue to use the previous name until such time as the new name becomes more prominent; however, mention should be made in an article of a change of name even if the article remains at the older name. If the article remains at the older name, then the text of the article should also retain use of the older name, except in such places as where that would be inappropriate (when discussing the new name, quotes, album titles which use the new name, etc).  SilkTork  ✔Tea time  10:47, 15 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Yeah, well, does it ever occur to anyone that "prominence" is often shaped by Wikipedia itself? There at least needs to be a paragraph explaining the incorrect usage and its history. Joey.J (talk) 14:22, 3 June 2023 (UTC)

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Requested move 27 July 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Moved. (non-admin closure) Iffy★Chat -- 13:33, 5 August 2023 (UTC)

The B-52's → The B-52s – Name is grammatically incorrect and the band themselves do not use the apostrophe on their own website (https://www.theb52s.com/) Neilinabbey (talk) 10:59, 27 July 2023 (UTC)

 * Support. Rreagan007 (talk) 14:43, 27 July 2023 (UTC)
 * @Nom: Your edit making a global apostrophe removal was really clumsy. You definitely shouldn't change the titles of cited sources or the titles of linked Wikipedia articles to be different from what they really are. — BarrelProof (talk) 17:44, 27 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Comment: It seems very clear that the band primarily called themselves "The B-52's" (with an apostrophe) up until 2008, and most sources during that period referred to them that way. It seems rather anachronistic for the article to refer to them without the apostrophe for the period before 2008, and their period of greatest notability was 1978–1985, i.e. during that period of time. Regardless of whether the apostrophe is grammatically "correct" or not, it was being used. Discogs and IMDb continue to include the apostrophe, as do the title of their best-selling album and their anthology. — BarrelProof (talk) 18:43, 27 July 2023 (UTC)
 * You are correct about the historical presentation of the band's name, but this move (and my alternative below) reflect current usage. This should NOT be taken as a blanket change - titles of albums/media (and sources) should reflect how they are actually presented, and the article should be written to explain the subtle changes to the bands name over time. Discogs and IMDb are user-generated, so aren't good sources - they more likely than not derive their usage from Wikipedia. -- Netoholic @ 19:30, 27 July 2023 (UTC)
 * I can't imagine that Discogs and IMDb are deriving usage from Wikipedia, when the band's popularity long predated Wikipedia, and there are a huge amount of RSs using it. CAVincent (talk) 06:32, 29 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Yes, fair enough, that wasn't what I intended.Neilinabbey (talk) 10:02, 28 July 2023 (UTC)

 * Move to B-52s - Per above, the apostrophe is clearly incorrect. In addition, the band's bio page, a good number of references, and indeed the text of this article itself largely do not capitalize "the" in running text and so, per WP:THE, the article title should not include it. -- Netoholic @ 19:20, 27 July 2023 (UTC)
 * I think WP:THE does not support removal of "The" here. On the contrary, it says "When a proper name is almost always used with 'The', especially if it is included by unaffiliated sources, the article 'The' should be used in the name of the corresponding Wikipedia article as well." AFAIK, nobody refers to this band without including "the" – at least not as a noun –  sometimes the "the" might be removed when the band's name is used as an adjective (e.g., "a B-52's song"/"a B-52s song"). — BarrelProof (talk) 00:04, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Note that capitalization is not relevant there. MOS:THEMUSIC even suggests using lowercase "the" for the Beatles in running prose. — BarrelProof (talk) 01:00, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * The very first line in MOS:THEMUSIC says "For whether to include "the" as the first word of a band's name, see (WP:THE). The rest of THEMUSIC is about handling of "the" if its present, but doesn't prescribe any guidelines for whether or not to use it in article titles above and beyond WP:THE. Clearly in the case of this band, "the" is not often capitalized when referencing them. Let me use the analogy of a sports team. In most sources, you'll see references to a sports team name like "the Dallas Cowboys" very often (as you said "almost always"), but we'd never title the article The Dallas Cowboys. how often its the band's name is adjacent to "the" is not how WP:THE works - its about whether the is capitalized, and in this case it almost never is. The bands's name is "B-52s". The very fact that as you point out there are usages like "a B-52s song" at all points to the incorrect titling of this article. -- Netoholic @ 08:22, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * MOS:THEMUSIC also uses lowercase for the 't' in the Moody Blues, although "The" is included in the band article title (but MOS:THEMUSIC has examples that don't include it "when the band name is used as a modifier"). WP:THE also includes "the" for article titles about The Bangles, The Beatles, The Corrs, The Rolling Stones, etc. WP:THE primarily says to include "the" in the title for a band when "a proper name is almost always used with 'The, rather than to look at the capitalization. — BarrelProof (talk) 18:43, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * "a proper name is almost always used with 'The'" - right. Capital The, not lowercase the. You're missing the distinction, because WP:THE is saying to use "The" in the title if "The" (capitalized) is used frequently as part of the name - plenty of topics are often presented with a preceding "the" (lowercase) as in my sports team analogy. MOS:THEMUSIC does not at all have guidelines on how to title articles, it defers to WP:THE for that. -- Netoholic @ 19:19, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Let me also direct your attention to the second paragraph of WP:THE and examples - "Conversely, some bands do not have the in their names, even though they may sometimes (or even often) be referred to as "the (Name)" in everyday speech". That part is the case I am making here. The handling of  the B-52s should be just like the Ramones. -- Netoholic @ 19:27, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * In the case of the Ramones, all of their record covers (and t-shirts, etc.) released while the band was a going concern omit "the" from the band's name, leading to a consensus that the band's official names is just "Ramones" even though they are almost always called the Ramones in everyday speech. The opposite is true of the B-52's - I'm not aware of any record cover which doesn't include "the" as part of the band's name. Even in 2023, while they've dropped the apostrophe, their website ([Https://www.theb52s.com/ https://www.theb52s.com/]), merchandise, etc. all include "the" as part of the band's name. Your argument that a capitalized "The" need be commonly used in running text to make it part of the band's name just doesn't hold water. Wikipedia's articles on the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, and the Who also don't currently capitalize "The" in running text. (Actually, of the six examples under WP:THE, only two articles use a capitalized The in running text at all, and those inconsistently.) I would also kind of expect that someone entering just "B-52s" as a search term is looking for a bomber, hairstyle, cocktail, etc. and not the band. (Separately, I should maybe apologize for any earlier incivility. I think that this suggestion is profoundly misguided, but don't want to discourage wikipedians' from good faith contributions to the project.) CAVincent (talk) 03:31, 29 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Note, though that in all those B-52s self-styled cases - their logo, bio text, etc - uses lowercase "the" to the point of in one place on their bio explicitly excluding "the" and replacing it with "a" in the sentence "exposed to a B-52s concert experience" and omitting articles entirely in the sentences "the newly-christened B-52s" and "quintessential and contemporary B-52s". Clearly, the band is telling us that their name is simply "B-52s". Also, listing counter-examples like The Beatles is pointless because each case must be looked at in the light of WP:THE separately. What is true for one group is not true for others, as demonstrated in the 1st and 2nd paragraphs of WP:THE. I also contend that certainly some of your examples and others should be reevaluated via discussions like this to have WP:THE more properly applied. -- Netoholic @ 04:18, 29 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Support In ictu oculi (talk) 19:31, 27 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Strong Oppose The B-52's is no more "grammatically incorrect" (per request) than Outkast or the Beatles misspelled their band names. It was how the band presented their name for decades, and in the most important period of the band. It's fine to not use the apostrophe for periods after they stopped using it. The suggestion to remove "The" from the article title is frankly too stupid to deserve a response other than contempt and dismissal. CAVincent (talk) 00:35, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * I agree that there is no need to remove 'The', but I don't see why you have to express your view in such unnecessarily aggressive, vitriolic and utterly over-the-top terms - that's really not helping you or anyone, so please help to keep the discussion civil. Thank you.Neilinabbey (talk) 10:01, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Support per the nominator's rationale. ╠╣uw [ talk ] 10:05, 28 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose. The removal of the apostrophe some 15 years ago (proof is lacking about the timing) has not been embraced by all sources, for instance The New York Times and Rolling Stone. No widespread agreement in sources. Binksternet (talk) 04:23, 29 July 2023 (UTC)
 * it has by the band themselves, though, which in my view would trump other sources.Neilinabbey (talk) 09:47, 29 July 2023 (UTC)
 * It's true that reliable sources don't seem consistent: both Rolling Stone and the New York Times  use both the apostrophe and non-apostrophe forms. As such, following the form the band itself uses seems reasonable. ╠╣uw [ talk ]  10:50, 29 July 2023 (UTC)
 * See also WP:SPNC: "For minor spelling variations (capitalization, diacritics, transliteration, punctuation and spacing after initials, etc.): when a consistent and unambiguous self-published version exists, it is usually followed." 162 etc. (talk) 16:35, 29 July 2023 (UTC)
 * Support – Sources being inconsistent, we should use the grammatically sensible version (as the band does on their own website). Dicklyon (talk) 02:08, 5 August 2023 (UTC)

 * Support - Looks like a quiet and very minor name change for the band. Killuminator (talk) 11:54, 5 August 2023 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

I did some apostrophe removal cleanup, but there's clearly more to do, e.g. moving other articles such as The B-52's discography, and checking for apostrophe usage in quotes and ref titles. Dicklyon (talk) 16:33, 6 August 2023 (UTC)
 * When discussing the period before 2008, removing the apostrophe seems a bit anachronistic, especially when explicitly talking about the name of the band. Clearly, the name of the band during that period included the apostrophe. Removing it also creates a strange mismatch between the name of the band and the title of their eponymous album. — BarrelProof (talk) 19:09, 6 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I'd say it was a style fix, not a rename, but I'll leave it to you. Dicklyon (talk) 21:04, 6 August 2023 (UTC)

Why is Mesopotamia album not listed?
On a different Wikipedia page about Mesopotamia it says that this album was released in 1982, but is not listed in discography. 66.8.137.249 (talk) 04:51, 5 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:The B-52s


text: File:Zoolook Jarre Album.jpg

title: File:Zoolook Jarre Album.jpg


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User:Ianguy

My name is Ian Guy, I was born in Hamilton, Scotland in 1963. I am currently working as a lecturer in health at Waiariki Institute of Technology, Rotorua, New Zealand. I have previously studied at the University of Manchester and Loughborough University, and lectured at the University of Manchester and University of Leeds, as well as presenting at conferences in Perth, Western Australia, Jersey, Auckland, Montreal and Kuala Lumpur. In addition I was conveneor of the 10th Australasian Nurse Educators Conference in 2003. I am also involved in the planning of the 2008 Reflective practice conference.

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Guy I. (1996) Comment... Has nursing sold its soul? A response to Professor Banks... an uncompromising view of nurse education, England 1995, Nurse Education Today. 16(1): 77.

Guy I. (1998) Equal opportunities, welfare and child health: a review, Journal of Child Health Care. 2(2): 76-9,

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Guy. I (2001) Relationship-centred Care: What’s in a name?, British Journal of Nursing. 10(16): 1026.

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