text:
Talk:Roman law

K.I.S.S
I am not a law student and I am not a lawer, I just want a very simple explanation of what Roman law meens. As I understand it it goes something like this: If it is not legalised then it is illegal. Am I right? Please keep your answers free of legal jargon I really do not understand it. Thanks.

 * Short answer: No, you're not right. Simple explanation of what 'Roman law' means: It's the laws that the Romans had. It developed a lot over the 1000 years or so that Rome was in existence. It started out as the 12 tables, and was added to from time to time, but was not re-codified until the time of the Eastern Emperors. Extra simple answer: Read the Article (RTA) ፈቃደ (ውይይት) 21:19, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Style and detail
Roman law is a huge subject (as I'm finding out, as a law student) and although an article shouldn't necessarily be a full treatise on the subject, there is a lot more that could be explained here. I am thinking of refactoring the style a bit and explaining about procedural issues, the actions of the law, praetorian jurisdiction, all that kind of stuff which I think is not in the article in sufficient detail. Eulen 20:09, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

yeah good idea...i think someone should make a template just for roman law and remove this one about roman state in general (or incorporate it in somehow?). It should go something like: origines of r. law/ family law/ rights in rem (or however u call it in english?)/ law of obligations etc....

what about the neo-roman law?
what about the neo roman, witch is the sistem still in use in several countries, such as Mexico and most Latin America. Perhaps the term is not commonly used in English,but, for example, in Mexico the sistem is called as "Derecho neo-romano" or neo roman law.

 * Hmmm, possibly what you mean is what English and Americans call civil law (legal system). Martg76 21:52, 28 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I have added a link to civil law (legal system) at the top of the article, as there are numerous Wikipedia articles linking to Roman law which should be linked to civil law (legal system). --Chewy m (talk) 06:59, 5 January 2009 (UTC)

translation
can someone translate this form latin: "Textus digestorum cum glossis et notis iuris consultorum medii aevi" so that we can put a photo from latin wiki here.

I think it means: "Text of the digest with glosses and notes by medieval legal advisors." Martg76 23:05, 25 October 2005 (UTC)

cool, tnx

Litigation
There doesn't seem to be much here about Roman litigation. I'll add some stuff. --David.Mestel 21:40, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

I know quite a lot about Roman litigation, so I'll write an article about it, but I've got to go now, so I can't until to-morrow morning. --David.Mestel 21:57, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

Please Help
Someone please help me. What is this Praetor's Edict nautis cauponibus et stabulariis? A fully explanation with example based on its application in the South African system will help me so much

It's not the right place to ask about this, but I'd point you to Google. Basically the edict establishes responsibility for sailors, owners of stables, and hospitality establishments. In so far as sailors are concerned, they have responsibility for the goods in their care from the time when they are given them to the time when they are given back for any damages (except vis maior). Eulen 00:29, 23 February 2006 (UTC)

Roman law in the East
Miskin added:
 * "When the centre of the empire was moved to the Greek East in the 4th century, many legal concepts of Greek origin appeared in the official Roman legislation[2]. The influence is visible even in the law of persons or of the family, which is traditionally the part of the law that changes least. For example Constantine started putting restrictions on the ancient Roman concept of patria potestas, by acknowledging that persons in potestate could have proprietary rights. He was apparently making concessions to the much stricter concept of paternal authority under Greek-Hellenistic law.[2] Later emperors went even further, until Justinian finally decreed that a child in potestate became owner of everything it acquired, except when it acquired something from its father.[2]"

Whereas the influence of Greek philosophical thought on Roman law is widely acknowledged, these assertions seem rather bold. According to Kunkel (1966):

 * "The question often posed from different points of view, to what extent the post-classical jurists imported non-Roman notions into the classical heritage, is still disputed. Even if one regards it as not impossible for influences in particular from the Greek-oriental sphere to have operated, one must be careful not to over-estimate the possible effect of these influences." (Wolfgang Kunkel, An Introduction to Roman Legal and Constitutional History, transl. into English by J.M. Kelly, Oxford 1966, p. 143)

The information you provided seems debatable, at least. Please provide a citation to show that this is indeed the consensus, or otherwise change the wording of your text accordingly. Iblardi 00:21, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

First of all, I don't understand how removing an entire section is equivalent to improvement. Secondly your own 1966 source seems to be misinterpreted. The "post-Classical" notion normally refers to the Western Roman Empire, there's no implication from this citation that the author is referring to the Justinian code. Secondly, your source _does_ take for granted that a Greek influence did exist (regardless of the period he's referring to), but he only questions "the extent". So by blanking out mainstream information instead of editing, you're obviously damaging the article. This means that no matter what period he refers to, the reference on the Greek-Hellenistic element on the Byzantine code is correct. But first things first, how can you prove that the author is referring to the Justinian code? The edit in question was specifically about the law of Constantinople, and not "post-classical" law in general. Miskin 00:56, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Stepwise then:

 * First of all, I don't understand how removing an entire section is equivalent to improvement. Secondly your own 1966 source seems to be misinterpreted. The "post-Classical" notion normally refers to the Western Roman Empire
 * This does not involve an entire section, although I am sure some positive examples could be found. Anyway, I cited part of the paragraph "The legislation of the late Empire", with special reference to the eastern law schools, under the general section "Legal development in the late Empire up to Justinian". It seems to have some relevancy.

 * there's no implication from this citation that the author is referring to the Justinian code.
 * Please read back, I didn't argue that. Your edit speaks of a continuous development that was already manifest under Constantine.

 * Secondly, your source _does_ take for granted that a Greek influence did exist (regardless of the period he's referring to), but he only questions "the extent".

 * Where does it say so? I cite:
 * "Even if one regards it as not impossible for influences in particular from the Greek-oriental sphere to have operated, one must be careful not to over-estimate the possible effect of these influences."

 * Note the "even if" at the beginning of the sentence.

 * So by blanking out mainstream information instead of editing, you're obviously damaging the article.
 * Then give a reliable source that states it is "mainstream information". If not, rephrase your text. I showed you it is contentious. At best, you are representing a one-sided point of view, and your contribution as it is now seems to rely heavily on "for example"s, "apparently"s, and "even"s in order to make its point. Iblardi 03:09, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

If you prove that the citation talks about the Justinian code, then you may add to the section that "the extent of this influence is disputed" or something along those lines. There is no basis on removing the edits. That is iff the 1966 author is talking about the same thing. Miskin 01:09, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

 * No, you do the rephrasing. Iblardi 03:09, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Hmm. I checked your source, and it appears that I was wrong after all. The text you provided seemed to fly in the face of what I had been reading lately, but this is indeed what the source says. The problem is that you took over Tellegen-Couperus' text almost verbatim, including the use of arguments and examples, making it sound as if you were setting up your own argument. The original passage runs:

 * "However, local laws remained in force. As a result Roman law began to influence local laws and in the long run local laws also influenced Roman law. When in the fourth century the intellectual centre of the empire shifted from Rome to Constantinople, all kinds of legal concepts particularly of Greek origin appeared in the official Roman legislation. This influence is even visible in the law of persons and in family law, although traditionally that is the part of the law that changes the least. For instance, Constantine began to put restrictions no the typical Roman concept of patria potestas by acknowledging that in one case persons in potestate could have proprietary rights: when a mother had bequeathed something to her children who were still under the potestas of their father, the father would no longer automatically become the owner but the children would get it (C. 6.60.1). Constantine was apparently making concessions to the much more restricted concept of paternal authority under Greek-Hellenistic law. Later emperors went even further. Justinian finally decreed that a child in potestate became owner of everything it acquired except when it acquired something from its father (C. 6.61.1)." (Tellegen-Couperus, p. 127)

 * Also notice that the original text is preceded by the comment "Roman law began to influence local laws and in the long run local laws also influenced Roman law" and note the use of the word "particularly" in the second sentence; both add a nuance that is absent from your text. But anyway, although I'm still not entirely convinced on the consensus issue, I am not above admitting a mistake. Iblardi 12:39, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

Removed paragraph
This paragraph was just removed from the introduction. I've restored it to the article, but any concerns should be discussed here. Robotman1974 23:25, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

Origin of Roman law
Just curious. Has no-one ever made the connection between the ten Roman tablets 'copied' from Solon's writings c. 638 BC–558 BCE and the Israelite Torah with it's core of Ten Commandments that had been around since 1280 BCE? By the time Solon was around, the Jewish Oral Law had been known widely because it was used in all dealings within and outside of the Jewish society, including the Greeks.--Mrg3105 08:35, 21 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Actually, the Torah is not nearly as old as Mrg3105 states. The oldest manuscripts of the Torah are believed to have been written some time in the 10th century BCE while the final version of the Torah may be as recent as the 6th century BCE. Nobody knows when the Ten Commandments were originally compiled. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.79.5.34 (talk) 16:13, 6 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Egyptian and Babylonian law are much older. The code of Hammurabi is dated between 1727 BCE, and 1780 BCE. Babylonian law has been extensively studied because a lot of written contracts have survived. Some scholars believe that substantial portions of the Hebrew Bible were written down at the time of the Persian captivity and were much influenced by Persian notions of law and religion -- "the law of the Medes and the Persians which altereth not". —Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.77.11.47 (talk) 15:45, 8 April 2009 (UTC)

Check all dates
A friend of mine is doing a Law degree at Cambridge and she was recently told by one of her Roman law lecturers that he frequently changes dates on wikipedia by a year or two, in an attempt to 'catch' students who use wikipedia. So someone might want to check all dates on here relating to Roman law because apparently his edits rarely get noticed. Will Bradshaw (talk) 15:06, 17 April 2009 (UTC)

Stoicism
Stoicism: A divire intellgegce ruled Nature. The one good thing in life was having a good chariter. "Living Nightly" neant agreing with nature. Sticism also was a greek school of thougts. Upper class Roman's adopted this Philosophy.71.59.144.105 (talk) 23:32, 15 October 2009 (UTC)

Help me with reflists
I am new to the editing part of wikipedia. I just do not understand how to add a reference source to an article that is using reflist. I have searched many places and have not found anything to help me. I am not understanding something and would love some help. (Markusjca (talk) 17:50, 13 April 2010 (UTC))

I got my answer and thank you for the quick, excellent help. (Markusjca (talk) 20:23, 13 April 2010 (UTC))

Roman Law Today
Today, Roman law is no longer applied in legal practice What is this meant to mean? If it means that Roman Law isn't cited in court, it's wrong, as in Scotland Roman law is not infrequently cited to this day; eg Zahnrad Fabrik v Terex 1985 SC 364, Marandi v Bon Accord Glass 2007 (unreported), Moncrieff v Jamieson 2008SC (HL) 1, and so on... 83.217.173.196 (talk) 21:27, 7 March 2011 (UTC)

 * You are confusing Roman law with Civil law. Roman law is the father -- or grandfather -- of Civil law. -- llywrch (talk) 20:42, 27 September 2014 (UTC)

 * No, I'm most certainly not confusing them. Did you look at the case reports cited? Roman law, as in the Justinian Codes, is indeed cited in Scottish courts . And is, in want of other law, is an authoritative source - where Civilian law (eg the French of Germans codes) would only be persuasive. This is why a university level qualification in Roman Law is required to be called to the Scots bar as an advocates. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.217.173.196 (talk) 18:41, 2 January 2017 (UTC)

"Presumed guilty?" "Must prove innocence?"
I have found a lot of references, written by people with an axe to grind, that refers to the modern versions of the Napoleonic Code as deriving from Roman Law which presumes guilt - the accused must prove that they are innocent. Some sort of statement about this needs to be made someplace. As I recall (sorry, haven't read the article), the actual law of downtown Ancient Rome consisted of what we would call "torts" where the defendant might be on trial for his life, with the prosecution brought by just about anybody. Nobles were somewhat exempt from this. (For that matter, Socrates was tried in Athens, under Greek law, that way, so maybe prevalent in the ancient world). Anyway... Student7 (talk) 20:26, 23 October 2011 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure what you're saying. I wouldn't assume anything about Roman law based on Greek law. Nobles weren't exempt from prosecution at all; they were more vulnerable to politically motivated prosecutions and calumnia, for the very reason that Rome lacked state prosecutors and anyone could bring a case if he (and in some periods she) had the legal knowledge and speaking ability to do so. The patron-client relationship meant that an ordinary person accused of a crime would probably be able to obtain an advocate, but the quality of your defense would depend on your connections. Cicero leaves the impression that character witnesses (which would again depend on your connections) mattered much more than they do now. In other words, I don't know the answer to your question, but the threat of calumnia hanging over a prosecutor may suggest that the Romans presumed neither guilt or innocence; they just expected that a reasonable case could be made without malice, and that the character of the accused as demonstrated would matter to the outcome. It's an interesting question that I'm not finding immediately answered in the sources I have at hand on Roman law, and that's reinforcing my impression that this just may not be the way the Romans conceive of it. If you find an answer, I hope you'll post it here. Cynwolfe (talk) 21:14, 23 October 2011 (UTC)

 * You're right.
 * Info in Presumption_of_innocence. A bit late in the "Roman" day, but sounds about right. Supposedly from Roman jurist "Paul." (link to him given in article. Probably should have something here someplace. Student7 (talk) 02:03, 27 October 2011 (UTC)

Article needs total rewrite
The article is a poor one. It does not reflect any deep or sophisticated knowledge of the subject. It should be rewritten, or replaced, by someone more knowledgeable. 173.21.54.229 (talk) 17:47, 3 March 2013 (UTC)

possible addition on a woman's legal independence in marriage
Some of the following, maybe all of it, or something like it, may belong in this article and/or in the manus marriage article (I'm posting to both talk pages) or perhaps elsewhere:

A woman in manu had little independent legal standing, but a freeborn Roman woman was regarded as a citizen, and not as property with a transferrable right of ownership; the essential distinction in the Roman "law of persons" was that all human beings were either free (liberi) or slaves (servi). Only free people in good legal standing could contract a lawful marriage, and men were often prohibited by law from marrying women of markedly lower social status. In the better-documented historical period, and certainly by the time of Cicero and Caesar, manus marriage had become virtually obsolete; a woman remained legally part of her birth family and was never placed under the authority of her husband.

It's from a recent revision of the wife selling article (not the first appearance of similar content), with a little editing; it didn't belong there. I'd rather that someone else made the judgment for this article, as I haven't gotten the source.

Nick Levinson (talk) 19:40, 20 July 2013 (UTC) (Clarified link's relevance: 19:46, 20 July 2013 (UTC))

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: here. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Diannaa (talk) 01:48, 7 March 2014 (UTC)

CONGRATULATIONS!
I am a law student in Spain and I am reading the article and the comments. A1 quality. Thank you! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.8.87.76 (talk) 09:42, 5 February 2017 (UTC)

Changes to be made
Hello people,

There need to be better citations at the end with the publisher and the date of the release of the book, not just the title, author and page number. Also I think that the first part could be streamlined and made more clear. I don't know if I feel qualified yet to do this sort of editing. I also think there need to be more citations in general.

Cheers.

Herstory1 (talk) 00:44, 2 April 2017 (UTC)

More Depth
As a student of the Roman Republic I feel as though the laws are a very important aspect of understanding their sociopolitical environment. I think that the section on classical roman laws should be expanded upon and could potentially be an interesting topic to further research and provide examples for. My professor asked that we answer one of her evaluating questions, so I will be answering the question "Are there viewpoints that are overrepresented, or underrepresented?" I think that this article under-represents the importance of the specific laws and briefly goes over them instead of highlighting their importance on Roman society. The article could definitely go more in depth in regards to the twelve tables and classical roman laws. While I think the writers in the article do a great job of speaking directly about facts, I do not think that there is enough detail and I think that topics are glazed over instead of explained more fully. Fyoliveira1 (talk) 03:20, 3 April 2017 (UTC)

Twelve Tables Revision
Near the end of the first paragraph under the heading "The Twelve Tables", I find this excerpt: "In 450 BC, the decemviri produced the laws on ten tablets (tabulae), but these laws were regarded as unsatisfactory by the plebeians. A second decemvirate is said to have added two further tablets in 449 BC. The new Law of the Twelve Tables was approved by the people's assembly."

This representation of the revision of the twelve tables implies that the addition of the final two "tables" was an action incited by the plebeians. According to Livy in Book III.33, he notes that it was in fact the first decemvirate that opened critique up to the masses and encouraged a review of their ten "tables". Livy suggests that this revision was encouraged by the decemvirate and not a correction demanded by the plebeians and their dissatisfaction as (I feel) the passage from the current page represents.

-Trinity2017 (talk) 16:53, 3 April 2017 (UTC)

Just plain unclear
The last piece of text in the section on ius publicum and ius privatum reads "and they are not used when party shares something and are in contrary." This is either dense technical jargon or the editor fell asleep half way through. Could someone please fix it? Shannock9 (talk) 05:02, 17 June 2017 (UTC)

DITTO
I (glanced through / read) the first 50 years of (University Law) just before Justinian. It's a book of law, coherent and in order, just like today's law books are. (it contains regulations as well as law, such as road construction regulations)

This article links only to Roman Laws that were CORRUPT and later REPEALED. Furthermore: the page doesn't link to any "FULL TEXT" - it links only to a few laws and even these are not given: instead, some wikipedia idiot's idea of what the law meant without ever citing the original text

THIS ARTICLE IN THE PAST WAS GOOD. IT HAS BEEN HACKED. IT HAS ZERO VALUE.

it has many references to germany and england which have perfectly NOTHING to do with Greek colleges, Roman study of that and thier additions, and the rise of "fairness" in Roman law that became "University law" (around the time of Justinia, though justinian wrote many religious laws which were repealed as "good but not legal material")

the article is a piece of liberal counter intelligence, it's that simple — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:8806:400:4EF0:1D17:9294:6680:E568 (talk) 02:18, 3 February 2018 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 14 March 2019
Change: They also found the distinction between contract and tort as sources of legal obligations. To: They also established the distinction between contract and tort as sources of legal obligations.

The use of "found" does not make sense in that sentence. Kurt.thomas (talk) 21:36, 14 March 2019 (UTC)

 * ✅ –Deacon Vorbis (carbon • videos) 01:52, 15 March 2019 (UTC)

Roman Law and Canon Law
I'm surprised that hardly anything is mentioned about canon law, given that both Roman law and canon law were studied together for centuries, beginning at Bologna. The study of Roman law is required as part of a JCL or JCD in canon law today. A lot of procedure as well as language in canon law comes from Roman law. (Heck, canon law is also still in Latin!) Gratian, the father of canon law, borrowed heavily from the corpus iuris civilis in his Decretum. Perhaps a mention alongside civil law in the introduction or in the Today section? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.227.61.186 (talk) 01:03, 7 July 2019 (UTC)

'Stricter'?
'For example, Constantine started putting restrictions on the ancient Roman concept of patria potestas, the power held by the male head of a family over his descendants, by acknowledging that persons in potestate, the descendants, could have proprietary rights. He was apparently making concessions to the much stricter concept of paternal authority under Greek-Hellenistic law.'

'Stricter' seems a bit ambiguous to me - the main point is obviously that the paternal authority was less encompassing. Wouldn't a clearer phrasing be 'the more limited concept of paternal authority'? 62.73.69.121 (talk) 20:32, 15 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Roman law


text:
Buzzword compliant

In the technology industry, buzzword compliant is a tongue-in-cheek expression used to suggest that a particular product supports features simply because they are currently fashionable.

Buzzword compliance is a modern version of the old practice of being checkbox compliant, ensuring that a product has all the features listed in product reviews. Since many of the decision-makers regarding technology purchases may only be semi-literate technically, the use of buzzwords makes a product sound more valuable. Among the technically literate, the phrase is sometimes used in a sardonic way, as in: "I have no idea what it does, but it sure is buzzword compliant", implying that perhaps the effort on the product has gone into marketing and public relations rather than the technology.

Technical staff, and those involved in recruiting and hiring them, also speak of a résumé or CV being "buzzword compliant" when it contains a large number of such terms. This can be a matter of some practical importance to a job-seeker. In many large organizations, those who receive and evaluate applications for employment will not be familiar with the domain of the job, and therefore can only assess buzzword compliance with the job description when deciding which applications the hiring manager will see.

Examples
Examples include:

 * Client–server products in the early 1990s
 * CORBA and COM based programs in the mid-1990s
 * Java-based programs in the late 1990s
 * JavaScript, so named and with syntax designed to appeal to the Java marketing hype
 * Service-oriented architecture (SOA)
 * Ajax or Web 2.0 in 2000s and 2010s
 * REST and REST APIs in 2010s
 * Cloud computing in 2010s
 * The Internet of Things
 * NoSQL databases
 * Agile software development
 * Big Data
 * Docker and containers
 * Blockchain technologies as of 2018
 * Digital transformation
 * Ambient intelligence
 * Web3
 * Metaverse
 * AI as of 2024 (when describing anything that uses an LLM or other neural network (machine learning))

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Buzzword compliant


text:
Butch Trucks

Claude Hudson "Butch" Trucks (May 11, 1947 – January 24, 2017) was an American drummer. He was best known as a founding member of The Allman Brothers Band, for which he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995. Trucks was born and raised in Jacksonville, Florida.

Prior to joining the Allman Brothers, Trucks played in various groups before forming the 31st of February as a student at Florida State University in Tallahassee, Florida, in the mid-1960s. He joined the Allman Brothers Band in 1969. Their 1971 live release, At Fillmore East, represented an artistic and commercial breakthrough. The group became one of the most popular bands of the era on the strength of their live performances and several successful albums. Though the band broke up and re-formed various times, Trucks remained a constant in their 45-year career. Trucks died of a self-inflicted gunshot wound on January 24, 2017.

Early life
Trucks was born on May 11, 1947, in Jacksonville, Florida. His father was an optician. He first discovered his talent at drumming when prompted by a band director at Ribault Junior High: "The band director gave three of us sticks and said, 'Play me something,'" he recalled. He then attended Jean Ribault High School, where he was made first chair as a freshman. Trucks was in two bands before later graduating from Englewood High School in 1965: The Vikings, who released one 7-inch in 1964, and the Echoes, which mainly played Beatles covers. Trucks attended Florida State University for one year; he once said he "majored in staying out of Vietnam." His grades suffered from poor attendance and he was kicked out.

During this time, Trucks formed a band, the Bitter Ind., with two high school friends. The group played covers of Bob Dylan, the Byrds, and the Lovin' Spoonful. They relocated to Daytona Beach in hopes of finding greater success, but were often turned away by owners because their patrons were unable to dance to the music. At one club, he met members of the Allman Joys, including brothers Duane and Gregg Allman. The band changed their name to the 31st of February fearing legal action from New York nightclub The Bitter End. The band signed a deal with Vanguard Records, and their self-titled debut album was released in 1968. The group briefly toured with the Allmans under various names, recording demos later released in 1972 as Duane & Greg Allman.

Music career
Tired of his then-middling music career, Trucks pondered going back to school to study mathematics. In 1969, he was invited to join a new project headed by Duane Allman, who had secured a record deal with Atlantic Records. Allman introduced Trucks to Jai Johanny Johanson (Jaimoe), who would also be a drummer in the band. Together, the two developed a rhythmic drive that would prove crucial to the band. Trucks laid down a powerful conventional beat while the jazz-influenced Johanson added a second layer of percussion and ad libitum cymbal flourishes, seamlessly melded into one syncopated sound. Said founding member and co-lead guitarist Dickey Betts of Trucks' addition to the original band lineup, "When Butch came along, he had that freight train, meat-and-potatoes kind of thing that set Jaimoe up perfectly. He had the power thing we needed." The group became the Allman Brothers Band, who began touring heavily and released their first, self-titled album, later that November. Trucks continued to record and perform with the Allman Brothers Band until they disbanded in 2014.

From 1982 to 1984, during one of the periods in which the Allmans were broken up, Trucks was part of the group Betts, Hall, Leavell and Trucks.

Along with Allman Brothers band members Johanson, Betts and Gregg Allman, Trucks was a plaintiff in a lawsuit against UMG Recordings. The suit, initiated in 2008, sought $10 million over royalties from compact disc sales and digital download services such as Apple's iTunes. Trucks saw the license given to users for downloads as legally unsound. Trucks embraced Internet technology for the group and planned to use Moogis.com (now defunct) to make the Web a "real venue" for the Allman Brothers and other jam bands. In the Brothers' later years, he helped connect them to the extended jam band scene. In 2013, he formed the Roots Rock Revival master camp experience.

In 2015, Trucks performed at two festivals with a band billed as Butch Trucks & Very Special Friends. This band evolved into a band called Les Brers which was led by Trucks and also featured other former Allman Brothers band members including his longtime drumming partner Johanson. He also performed with a band called Butch Trucks & The Freight Train Band.

Trucks had a long interest in philosophy and literature. In 2005, The New York Times Book Review published a letter from Trucks criticizing writer Roy Blount, Jr.'s reference to Duane Allman as "one of these churls" in a review of Splendor in the Short Grass: The Grover Lewis Reader. The letter further criticized Grover Lewis for his 1971 Rolling Stone article about the band, which Trucks wrote made the members look like uneducated characters who spoke in dialogue "taken directly from Faulkner".

Personal life
Trucks was married for 25 years to Melinda Trucks, with whom he had two children. He also had two children from a previous marriage and four grandchildren.

Trucks was related to other famous musicians: his nephew, guitarist Derek Trucks, joined the Allman Brothers Band in 1999 and is one of the co-founders of the Tedeschi Trucks Band. Another nephew, Duane Trucks (Derek's younger brother), plays drums for Widespread Panic and Hard Working Americans. Trucks' oldest son, guitarist Vaylor Trucks, is part of a trio called The Yeti Trio based in Atlanta, Georgia.

Death
On January 24, 2017, Trucks died of suicide by a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head in West Palm Beach, Florida, at the age of 69 "reportedly after years of financial strife," according to Rolling Stone magazine's coverage of his death.

title: Butch Trucks


text:
Talk:Old Calendarists

[Untitled]

 * "The Gregorian Calendar was finally adopted by the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Constantinople in 1924 and imposed on all of Greece. This dictatorial measure resulted in a schism"

Now if we ever need a definition of POV, here's an excellent one. As far as I know the new calender was adopted by the greek church through a decision of its Holy Synod, the Patriarchate could have hardly imposed anything on an autocephalous church. --Archidamus 19:06, 19 July 2007 (UTC)

Is the above related to the article?
It starts out remotely related and then veers off further. I think this should be removed. (Mike Morgan (talk) 14:20, 12 December 2007 (UTC))
 * I removed it. Veverve (talk) 02:22, 11 November 2021 (UTC)

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 * Glicherie Tănase Mănăstirea Slătioara13 (cropped).jpg

Recent revert
. I would like to explain the reason for my edit. I am working (in my sandbox) on the Anglo-Saxon king Edward the Martyr, whose (supposed) bones are at the Church of St Edward the Martyr, Brookwood. This church belongs to the Church of the Genuine Orthodox Christians of Greece. When you click on this link it goes to Old Calendarists, which does not mention the church. I added the sentence to remedy the defect, but I do not know the languages which could be cited to provide an independent source. I see that you changed the redirect to go to Old Calendarists#Greece, and as you obviously understand this subject and you created the defective link, can you fix the situation so that the link goes to an article which explains the situation to people who click on Church of the Genuine Orthodox Christians of Greece? I realise that you did not originally create the link pointing the church to Old Calendarists, but it is not helpful to edit it to point it to a section which does not mention it and then say that mentioning it is undue. Dudley Miles (talk) 10:06, 3 August 2023 (UTC)
 * here is a WP link for this specific group you want: . If you need a link for another group of this kind, feel free to ask. Veverve (talk) 12:04, 3 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Now as for the Church of the Genuine Orthodox Christians of Greece link. Roughly seven denominations use a name akin to this one and none can be considered the primary topic. Thus I feel the the fact the link leads to the WP article about the religious movement and not to a specific group is justified, and not defective. Veverve (talk) 12:08, 3 August 2023 (UTC)
 * I do not think a link to an article in Russian would be helpful to readers of English Wikipedia. I also think that an explanation of the different denominations using the name would be a helpful addition to the Greece section. I see that this is partly done in the 'Splits' section but Wikipedia's heading format does not make clear that this is meant to be a sub-section of 'Greece' and it would be better to merge them or change the redirect of Church of the Genuine Orthodox Christians of Greece to 'Splits', which is more relevant. Dudley Miles (talk) 12:43, 3 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Feel free to create a WPen article about your specific group. The redirect stays as it is though.
 * I also think that an explanation of the different denominations using the name would be a helpful addition to the Greece section: if you have a reliable secondary source, feel free to add this information
 * I oppose the merge.
 * Veverve (talk) 13:02, 3 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Old Calendarists


text:
List of French Open mixed doubles champions

Through 1924, the French Championships were open only to French nationals or members of specific French clubs. Beginning in 1925, the French Championships were open to all nationalities.

The table is set out as follows: (Female partner) & (Male partner).

Champions by country
{{legend|fffacd|Former country}}

 * If the doubles partners are from the same country then that country gets two titles instead of one, while if they are from different countries then each country will get one title apiece.


text:
King of the Khyber Rifles

King of the Khyber Rifles is a novel by British writer Talbot Mundy. Captain Athelstan King is a secret agent for the British Raj at the beginning of the First World War. Heavily influenced both by Mundy's own unsuccessful career in India and by his interest in theosophy, it describes King's adventures among the (mostly Muslim) tribes of the north with the mystical woman adventuress, princess Yasmini and the Turkish mullah Muhammed Anim. Like Greenmantle by John Buchan, also first published in 1916, it deals with the possibility that Turkey might try to stir Muslims into a jihad against the British Empire.

The Khyber Rifles was and is an actual regiment.

What was to be Mundy's third novel was originally serialised in Everybody's Magazine in nine parts from May 1916 illustrated by Joseph Clement Coll. It was published in book form in November 1916.

The book gave many characters and themes to the book The Peshawar Lancers, including the main character, Athelstane King.

Adaptations
The first film adaptation was The Black Watch (UK title King of the Khyber Rifles), released in 1929 and starring Victor McLaglen and Myrna Loy. A second version, King of the Khyber Rifles (1953) featured Tyrone Power and Terry Moore. Apart from the title and the Khyber Pass setting, it has little in common with Mundy's novel. A third adaptation, to have been adapted by Philip Kaufman and released by TriStar Pictures was planned but never made.

A Classics Illustrated comic book of Mundy's book was printed in 1953, No. 107.

title: King of the Khyber Rifles


text:
Talk:Proconsul (mammal)

Ancestors?
Who were its ancestors? - by User:kenallen
 * (More correctly: What were it ancestors?) The second paragraph says we don't know. The external link can show you some possibilities. - UtherSRG (talk) 10:54, 31 August 2006 (UTC)

Contradictory information
I put the "Contradict" banner at the top of the page for the following 3 reasons:

I would encourage any experts on this subject to please edit this page as neccesary Iffykid 00:21, 2 November 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) First it is stated that there are 4 species of Proconsul, then later it says that there are "at least 5"
 * 2) The time range given is "27 to 17 million years ago", and then later it is given as "22 and 14 million years ago"
 * 3) The chimp who this genus was named after is given as "Consul" and then later "Pronconsul" (note the extra n).
 * I believe I have addressed these issues... the contradictory information was pasted in from a different article, and was never properly massaged into the rest of the article. - UtherSRG (talk) 04:37, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

Fact needs verifying
"Ancestral Passions" Chapter 8 note 5 says:
 * "The first Proconsul fossil was found at another Lake Victoria site, Koru, in 1927 by H. L. Gordon, the medical officer there. Louis guided Hopwood to Koru in July 1931 with the hope that additional specimens would be found, and they were."

This information, which is backed up by the other reference I found and listed in the article, does not square with what the article has. Also under Proconsul africanus the discovery is basically attributed to Mary in 1948. After Louis left Mary too he was vilified by his ladies even more and everything he did was attributed to someone else, often Mary. Louis became in their repute a prevaricating philandering scoundrel of no scientific value around here or after his affair with Dian and his passes at Jane "besotted" and "pathetic." It is time to put a stop to that nonsense fomented by outraged ladies.

Anyway, whoever thinks the 1907 discovery is valid, do you have a reference for that? The issue will be coming up again.Dave 11:07, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

photo captions
From what I can tell, the skull in each photo is the same. That is, the nyanzae skeleton, the heseloni skull and the africanus skull at the bottom of the page are all different casts of the same fossil skull. I'm not sure what species it actually belongs to, but it can't belong to all three... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.1.212.29 (talk) 07:13, 27 January 2011 (UTC)
 * When you look closely, you will find several subtle differences. They are all three very similar, of course, because they are all from genus Proconsul.  Look very closely and you will begin to see the differences.  I brought all three up on different tabs in my browser.  They were enlarged, so the diffs were much easier to detect. –  Paine Ellsworth  (  C LIMAX   )  11:37, 22 September 2011 (UTC)
 * They are all the exact same specimen, @Pain Ellsworth it is highly unlikely that the fossil record would preserve three identical fossils from different species. It is definitely the same specimen which is classified as Proconsul heseloni. Kcorl23 (talk) 02:02, 22 February 2012 (UTC)
 * They do appear to be preserved in the exact same way, with the same breaks and distortions. Must have been some reclassifying going on. FunkMonk (talk) 02:06, 22 February 2012 (UTC)

More Contradictory Information
The article says, "Proconsul is an extinct genus of primates that existed from 23 to 5 million years ago during the Early Miocene epoch." The date "23 to 5 million years ago" and the term "Early Miocene epoch" are inconsistent. The entire Miocene ran from approximately 23 to approximately 5 million years ago whereas the Early Miocene epoch ran from approximately 23 to approximately 16 million years ago. See the WIKI article at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early_Miocene

99.46.152.211 (talk) 19:27, 29 December 2011 (UTC) Mike Sarles

 * Not difficult. The taxobox said Miocene and 23-5mya, so we have 4 bits of info, and one of those four bits is in disagreement. Easy enough to see that removing "Early" fixes the problem. - UtherSRG (talk) 21:05, 29 December 2011 (UTC)

More About the Chimp
The chimpanzee in the London Zoo for whom the genus was named was known as "Consul, the Almost Human Ape." This is also the source of a member of the Drones Club described by P. G. Wodehouse, "Consul, the Almost Human." J S Ayer (talk) 21:00, 2 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Proconsul (mammal)


text:
Pink Lincolns

The Pink Lincolns are a punk rock band formed in Tampa, Florida in 1986 by vocalist Chris Barrows and guitarist Dorsey Martin. The rest of the lineup has frequently changed and currently includes bassist Kevin Coss and drummer Jeff Fox. The band has released five studio albums, one live album and six EP's as well as splits with Screeching Weasel and The Queers. The cover for the band's album Suck and Bloat was drawn by Iggy Pop, and their album Pure Swank was produced by Bill Stevenson of The Descendents. Notable songs include "Velvet Elvis", a story about a squabble over a velvet painting of Elvis Presley.

Members

 * Current as of 2019
 * Chris Barrows - vocals (1986–present)
 * Kevin Coss - bass
 * Jeff Fox - drums

 * Past members
 * John Yovino- guitar
 * Paul Moroz- drums
 * Paul Johnston - guitar
 * Griff Draycott - drums
 * Chris Lunceford - bass
 * Fred Stoltz - drums
 * Jim Belonga - bass
 * Dorsey Martin - guitar

Other contributions

 * 1987: Have-A-Tampa (Pop Records)
 * 1992: Blame and Burn (Flush Records)
 * 1994: Punk USA (Lookout! Records)
 * 1995: Water Music (Just Add Water Records)
 * 1996: Welcome to Florida... (Stiff Pole Records)
 * 1996: Rational Enquirer (Rational Inquirer)
 * 1997: More Bounce to The Ounce (Lookout! Records)
 * 1997: Show and Tell - A Stormy Remembrance of TV Theme Tunes (Which Records?)
 * 1999: My So Called Punk Rock Life (Melted Records)
 * 1999: V.M.L. Live (Liberation Records)
 * 2008: Goodbye Sanity EP by Teenage Rehab (Jailhouse Records) - Chris Barrows guest vocals
 * 2009: Let's Be Enemies by Teenage Rehab(Jailhouse Records) - Chris Barrows lyric contributions
 * 2009: People Are Bad by The Spears (Jailhouse Records) - Chris Barrows vocalist
 * 2009: Shove by The Spears (Jailhouse Records) - Chris Barrows vocalist

title: Pink Lincolns


text:
Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff

The Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff (軍令部) was the highest organ within the Imperial Japanese Navy. In charge of planning and operations, it was headed by an Admiral headquartered in Tokyo.

History
Created in 1893, the Navy General Staff took over operational (as opposed to administrative) authority over the Imperial Japanese Navy from the Navy Ministry. It was responsible for the planning and execution of national defense strategy. Through the Imperial General Headquarters it reported directly to the Emperor, not to the Prime Minister, National Diet or even the Navy Ministry. It was always headed by an admiral on active duty, and was based in Tokyo.

"The ministry was responsible for the naval budget, ship construction, weapons procurement, personnel, relations with the Diet and the cabinet and broad matters of naval policy. The General Staff directed the operations of the fleet and the preparation of war plans".

After the Washington Naval Conference of 1921–22, where Japan agreed to keep the size of its fleet smaller than that of the United Kingdom and the United States, the Imperial Japanese Navy became divided into the mutually hostile Fleet Faction and Treaty Faction political cliques. The Navy Ministry tended to be pro-Treaty Faction and was anxious to maintain the Anglo-Japanese Alliance. However the Navy General Staff came to be dominated by the Fleet faction, and gradually gained ascendancy in the 1930s with increasing Japanese militarism. The Navy General Staff pushed through the attack on Pearl Harbor against the wishes of the more diplomatic Navy Ministry.

After 1937, both the Navy Minister and the Chief of the Navy General Staff were members of the Imperial General Headquarters.

With the defeat of the Empire of Japan in World War II, the Navy General Staff was abolished together with the Imperial Japanese Navy by the American occupation authorities in November 1945 and was not revived by the post-war Constitution of Japan.

Organization
The General Staff was organized as follows:
 * 1st Department: Operations Bureau
 * 1st Section: Operations
 * 2nd Section: Training
 * 2nd Department: Weapons and Mobilization Bureau
 * 3rd Section: Weapons
 * 4th Section: Mobilization
 * 3rd Department: Intelligence Bureau
 * 5th Section: Intelligence for America
 * 6th Section: Intelligence for China
 * 7th Section: Intelligence for Soviet Union
 * 8th Section: Intelligence for UK and Europe
 * 4th Department: Communications Bureau
 * 9th Section: Communications
 * 10th Section: Cryptography

title: Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff


text:
Włodzimierz Lubański

Włodzimierz 'Włodek' Leonard Lubański ( Polish pronunciation : ; born 28 February 1947 in Gliwice-Sośnica) is a Polish former professional footballer who played as a striker. He is the second-highest all-time goal scorer for the Poland national team, behind Robert Lewandowski, and the youngest-ever player to appear for Poland, making his debut at the age of 16 years and 188 days. For his national team, Lubański amassed 75 caps between 1963 and 1980, scoring 48 goals.

Life and career
Born in Gliwice in 1947, he started his football career at the age of ten in Sośnica Gliwice's junior team. Between 1958 and 1962, he was part of the GKS Gliwice's junior squad and in 1963 he started playing football professionally in Górnik Zabrze. He won the Polish Championship seven times with Górnik Zabrze in 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1971 and 1972. Lubański is the youngest scorer in the history of the European Cup (now known as the UEFA Champions League), scoring against Czech side Dukla Prague in the leg of their tie in the first round of the competition on 13 November 1963, aged 16 years and 258 days.

Between 1975 and 1982, he played for Belgian side Lokeren before moving to French outfit Valenciennes FC in 1982, where he remained for a year.

He won the gold medal at the 1972 Summer Olympics in the men's football team competition with Poland.

In 1972, he was awarded the title of Merited Master of Sport of the USSR.

He participated at the 1978 FIFA World Cup, finishing fifth with his national team.

Lubański was vice-chairman of Polonia Warsaw for three months.

In 1997, he received the Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta for his "outstanding contributions to the development of sport in Poland".

In 2015, he was awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland.

Personal life
In 1968, he married Grażyna (née Loreto) with whom he has two children: a son Michał and a daughter Małgorzata.

Lubański is the subject of a number of books including Ja, Lubański by Krzysztof Wyrzykowski (1990), ''Włodek Lubański. Legenda polskiego futbolu by Włodzimierz Lubański and Przemysław Słowiński (2008) and Życie jak dobry mecz'' by Włodzimierz Lubański and Michał Olszański (2016).

Honours
Górnik Zabrze
 * Ekstraklasa: 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1965–66, 1966–67, 1970–71, 1971–72
 * Polish Cup: 1964–65, 1967–68, 1968–69, 1969–70, 1970–71, 1971–72

Poland
 * Summer Olympics: 1972

Individual
 * Ekstraklasa top scorer: 1965–66, 1966–67, 1967–68, 1968–69
 * European Cup Winners' Cup Top Scorer: 1969–70, 1970–71
 * World XI: 1968, 1969, 1972, 1973
 * Merited Master of Sport of the USSR: 1972
 * Order of Polonia Restituta: 1997
 * UEFA Poland's Golden Player: 2004
 * Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland: 2015

title: Włodzimierz Lubański


text:
Shag (artist)

Josh Agle (born August 31, 1962) is an American artist, better known by the nickname Shag.

Early life and education
Josh Agle was born August 31, 1962, the first of nine children in Sierra Madre, California. He spent his early childhood in Hawaii, and later moved with his family to Los Angeles. While Agle was attending high school, his family moved to Utah. In the mid-1980s, he returned to California, to study economics and architecture at California State University, Long Beach.

Career
While at CSULB, Agle changed his major to graphic design and achieved his first successes as an illustrator while in college, with work for the magazines Forbes, Time and Entertainment Weekly. Also, he designed record covers for bands in the area. When he designed a cover for his own band, the Swamp Zombies, he first used the pseudonym Shag, composed of the last two letters of his first name and the first two letters of his surname, so as not to make it look as if the cover artist was merely a band member, but that the band was successful enough to hire a graphic designer.

In 1995, Agle was asked by Otto von Stroheim to contribute a painting to an exhibition. This picture quickly sold for $200 and caught the attention of the influential gallery owner Billy Shire. Agle was given the opportunity to present a series of other works in a 1996 tiki-themed art show at Shire's La Luz de Jesus Gallery in Hollywood. All of the pictures sold immediately and Shire was so excited that he organized an exhibition for Agle's works which was very well attended and which also quickly sold out.

Since then, Agle has had more exhibitions at various galleries in the United States, Japan, Australia and Europe. He had his first solo gallery exhibition in 1997, and his first New York gallery show in 2002. In 2010, he opened a "SHAG Store" in Palm Springs, which sells merchandise depicting Agle's works. A second Shag Store was opened in Hollywood in October 2015 (closed in 2020) and a Shag store has since opened in Las Vegas in early 2022, in the Palms Casino Resort. He is also known for designing Tiki mugs.

Shag has designed projects for The Walt Disney Company and the Venetian Resort Hotel Casino in Las Vegas, as well as a 100-foot-long mural in the Georgia Aquarium.

Personal life
Josh Agle lives with his wife and their two children in Orange County, California.

Museum exhibitions and collections

 * 2010 - Art Shack, Laguna Art Museum, Laguna Beach, California
 * 2009 - Urban Superstars, Naples Museum of Modern Art, Naples, Italy
 * 2008 - Beyond Baby Tattooville, Riverside Art Museum, Riverside, California
 * 2008 - In The Land of Retinal Delights, Laguna Art Museum, Laguna Beach, California
 * 2007 - The Flesh Is Willing: New Work by Shag, Laguna Art Museum, Laguna Beach, California
 * 2007 - Rome Is Burning, Haas Fine Arts Center, Eau Claire, Wisconsin
 * 2005 - Pop Surrealism, Sangre De Cristo Art Center, Pueblo, Colorado
 * 2005 - Paradirama, Musee International des Arts Modestes, Sète, France
 * 2002 - The Sophisticated Misfit: Fifteen Years of Shag, Brea Museum, Brea, California
 * 2000 - Lowbrow Art: Up From The Underground, Art and Culture Center of Hollywood, Hollywood, Florida

title: Shag (artist)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dr Zen/keepschools

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. No consensus on suitability or validity of listing. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 02:47, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)

User:Radman1/keepschools
- '''I did not nominate this for VfD. DO NOT NOMINATE THINGS IN MY NAME!''' Radiant!Radiant_* 07:36, Apr 15, 2005 (UTC)

This was nominated on WP:TFD for the following reason:
 * Just like the NN template below, this one is used for voting-by-rote. Is that seriously a good use for templates? Does it matter whether the template is in user space or not? User:Netoholic closed that on the grounds that that mechanism is only for entries in the Template: namespace and suggested VFD as the only mechanism for user subpages.

My vote as originally cast at WP:TFD is below. Thryduulf 14:36, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Restored: Consider it renominated by me. Snowspinner 16:22, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Note: Dr. Zen has just e-mailed me to ask that it be deleted. I'm assuming that's allowed as it's on a user subpage. He said he doesn't want to be a source of further contention. SlimVirgin (talk)  05:59, Apr 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * If so, I'm willing to accept that since it is his userpage, but how can this be verified? —RaD Man (talk) 06:07, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Radman, it's not something I'd be likely to make up. ;-) He says you should e-mail him and he'll confirm. I'm assuming you can do that via the e-mail function on his user page, but if there isn't one set up, let me know. SlimVirgin (talk)  06:18, Apr 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Done deal, I dropped him an email, gracias. —RaD Man (talk) 01:21, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

--
 * Note: Radman1 has re-created the template in his userspace; I've put the VfD tag on that and directed it to this discussion. --Carnildo 07:29, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I've deleted Dr Zen's from the top of this page as it no longer links to anything. Hope that's okay. SlimVirgin (talk) 16:39, Apr 15, 2005 (UTC)

votes originally cast on WP:TFD and moved here by Thryduulf

 * Keep, user space. If other people start using it, bitch-slap them. --SPUI (talk) 08:45, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Other people are using it - check 'what links here'. Radiant!Radiant_* 12:19, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * As Radiant! points out, this template is still in active use. It was last used yesterday, in fact. Uncle G 14:08, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * Delete VfD is not a voting, but a discussion. Mindlessly slapping templates is against the spirit. Grue 09:16, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The first words on this page are "This page is for deleting things in the Template namespace". --iMb~Meow 09:24, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, the first words on this page are "Wikipedia:Templates for deletion". This is a template. Uncle G 14:08, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * Okay, so we don't have a strict policy for that, but last time I checked Wikipedia was not a court of law. Are you saying we should have User:Templates/Dr_Zen/Templates for Deletion? Radiant_* 12:19, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * I was saying, of course, that TFD is for items in the Template: namespace. Since a page in any namespace can be used in the same manner as a template, the line needs to be drawn at the namespace or anything is game for TFD.
 * Delete, and this is the proper place for it. Do you really want every one of Radman1's school votes for the last month to have vfd headers on them? —Korath (Talk) 10:50, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Do you really want every VfD subpage listed here? They're transcluded, after all. --iMb~Meow 11:12, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * ...there's reason to delete VfD subpages? —Korath (Talk) 12:09, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * There's a reason to delete a user page that's already included in a bunch of places and not getting in anyone's way, especially considering that the user is no longer active? --iMb~Meow 12:24, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes. Uncle G 14:08, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * I find it appalling that some editors are now putting so little thought into their discussion contributions that they feel able to use templates for them. The fact that this template provides no way to address the article actually being discussed is exceedingly ill-considered.  But perhaps the most ill-considered thing is that the editors using this template have not only given no thought to the article being discussed, they haven't thought about the simple consequences of using a template.  There's a strong argument to be put forward that any such transcluded votes should be discounted from discussions entirely, for the simple reason that they are unsafe.  The person closing the discussion has no idea (without a significant amount of cross-checking work) whether the current content of the template reflects the actual opinion of the person employing it, since someone else could have come along and modified the template contents.  (A mildly WP:POINT change would be to modify this template to read "Abstain. The user of this template has unwisely allowed xyr professed opinions in many discussions to be changed en masse with a single edit.")  And no, the name of the template is insufficient rationale by itself for some judgements, especially with respect to the decision between a keep-with-merger and a keep.  In that way, this is a significant new burden on those who are closing discussions, and arguably crosses the same "too much complex work to determine what the voter's opinion actually is" threshold that the "peculiar votes" crossed. Delete to encourage the use of this template to cease, or, failing that, Modify to read as an abstention vote after substituting in existing uses up to 2005-04-12. Uncle G 14:08, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * My vote above was cast on WP:TFD, and in terms of what deletion means to templates, which involves the process of orphaning the template. As this is now a WP:VFD discussion I modify my vote to Keep and substitute in any existing uses up to 2005-04-12. I confirm my agreement with Netoholic, Thryduulf, Radiant!, and (apparently) SPUI that subsequent transclusion of this template should be discouraged. Votes transcluding it after 2005-04-12 should be considered unsafe and consequently be discounted. (The fact that a big VFD notice has just appeared in the middles of several VFD discussion pages should have brought this issue to the original users' attention forcefully enough for further notice to be considered unnecessary. ☺) I concur with Netoholic that the best course of action is for the users of this template to voluntarily individually orphan it themselves. Uncle G 15:28, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * delete and strike out all votes made using it. Thryduulf 14:12, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Highly inappropriate use of user space and the template mechanism. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 14:23, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: I agree with everything TenOfAllTrades said above. Jonathunder 01:25, 2005 Apr 14 (UTC)

votes cast after move to WP:VFD

 * Keep - we give wide latitude to user sub-pages, and this same text can be inserted via copy and paste. Essentially, there is no way to stop this sort of thing, so why try.  I suggest that the school-deletionists pick their battles more wisely.  That being said, on NO  occasion should this be used as a template, but only used as with subst: . -- Netoholic @ 14:41, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * With a SUBST? What, so it's impossible to tell that someone is too lazy to even type in their reason for keeping? Snowspinner 17:39, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Query. What happens to the relevant VfD votes if this template is deleted? Will they then be blank, except for the signature? android↔talk 14:54, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * They will be left with a red link to that page. At the conclusion of this vote (no matter keep or delete), I would strongly suggest that we inform voters have them immediately correct their votes to use simple text only.  I also could assist with a bot that would do the text replacement, but I'd rather the voters fix it themselves. -- Netoholic @ 14:57, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * Or, put another way: Largely the same thing that would happen to those votes were Mr Pelican Shit to come along today and vandalize the template to read "Pelican shit. All school articles need more pelican shit.". Uncle G 15:28, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * Keep, agreeing with previous Keep voters. Samaritan 15:00, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Still Keep, but updating my reason since it is now on VfD. Again, this page is not some sort of menace, since removing it would do absolutely nothing to prevent copy-and-paste voting. --iMb~Meow 15:04, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * My delete above stands. My reasoning for it, which got sidetracked by petty jurisdiction issues, was later articulated quite eloquently by Uncle G; I also refer to Template:Nn's discussion on WP:TFD; it's exactly the same case, and looks to be overwhelmingly deleted.  I suspect that this template will be kept only because those inclined to vote keep on everything like its POV better.  That aside, all these issues seem to be more a matter for RFC, and neither TFD nor VFD. —Korath (Talk) 15:21, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Inappropriate and a slap in the face to what VfD is. This should, frankly, be speedied. Snowspinner 16:22, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Geni 16:41, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Normally I would insist that User namespace be sacrosanct, but this is a Bad Thing for both technical and philosophical reasons:
 * Transcluding multiple votes from multiple users onto the already-large, already heavily-used VfD page represents a substantial unnecessary draw on Wikipedia's servers.
 * Multiple votes may be changed after they are cast simply by editing the template, either by a well-meaning but misguided individual or a malicious vandal. (Both of the above can be avoided by 'subst:'ing, but it is apparent that many template voters are not doing this.)
 * Template encourages copy-paste voting. Knee-jerk votes from editors who don't read the articles in question and can't even be bothered to type a comment themselves are not helpful to building consensus.  If you can't be troubled to even find a VfD comment you agree with and write "Keep per reasoning of JohnDoe", what are you doing here?
 * --TenOfAllTrades | Talk 16:42, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I too am frustrated by the inclusionist tendency to vote keep seemingly without actually reading or weighing the quality of the article in question.  However, disallowing templates will not magically make people change the way they approach voting on schools, nor will it prevent people from merely cutting and pasting in the same vote, nor will it prevent people from merely typing "Keep. School." over and over again.  I don't think template security is much of an issue - templates can be abused just like anything else can be abused here.  The issue here is schools, and one that should be thrown open to the whole of wikipedia for a final stab at consensus instead of arguing the same issue over and over again.  The reason people are using templates is that the same arguments are coming up over and over again, because all of these schools and school articles are almost exactly identical. It is not avoiding evaluating an article, it is a response to the very nature of the issue. Gamaliel 17:53, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. It makes a mockery of the purpose of VfD. --Carnildo 18:17, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's such a tempting vandalism target -- I could turn all those annoying "keep" votes into "delete" votes -- or personal attacks! -- with a single edit! --65.101.119.25 18:20, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and refer to Rfc--I agree with Gamaliel. The fact that something like this even exists is a sign that something has gone wrong over schools that cannot be fixed by vfd. This template won't stop people from cutting and pasting or other tactics, as Gamaliel says. What's really needed is a genuine consensus on school articles, which clearly doesn't exist. It might be impossible, in which case I suppose we get the status quo, but there should be a sustained push from the people who actually care about this on both sides of the issue (read: not me) to come to some sort of agreement and avoid this divisive argumentation. Meelar (talk) 18:50, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I agree with everything Uncle G said. Dave the Red (talk) 19:18, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Just what we need. A mechinism which would allow the rabid deletionist/inclusionists to vote in a matter of seconds without reading the article in question or the VfD discussion. This is NOT what templates are for, and this is dangerous regardless of where it is. --InShaneee 19:24, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep although I am not in favor of using a template to vote, I think this sets a bad precident. User space is supposed to be just that USER SPACE, unless its a direct personal attack or a requested deletion by that user, it should remain inviolate.  ALKIVAR ™[[Image:Radioactive.svg|18px|]] 20:13, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * why?Geni 23:20, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep Template voting is not a good idea, but userspace is inviolate unless its a direct personal attack or obviously and egregiously violates wikipedia guidlines. There has been a disturbing trend recently, of deletionists targeting the userspace of school inclusionists (I.e User:GRider ) to remove material that they find objectionable. Klonimus 20:37, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I realize you're still very new here, but you may want to read the relevant pages before incorrectly telling us what they say. Calling people names isn't going to win you any friends, either. —Korath (Talk) 21:16, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, wikipedia would be a much more comfortable place if we respected each other's user pages. Kappa 22:14, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia would be a much more comfortable place if people didn't abuse the deletion processes. Thryduulf 22:38, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Concur. Kappa 22:52, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Concur. Klonimus 02:00, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * ... and yet both these "concur" notes are by users known to be involved in abuse of the deletion processes. Chris talk back 21:46, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Messing about in personal space is bad, but making a template just for school-keeping is just silly and lazy. I suggest a third alternative: what if VfD could only contain plain text? BigFatDave 22:42, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Take a look at Wikipedia:Village pump (policy)#Voting via templates. -- Netoholic @ 23:00, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * EXTREME KEEP. None of the votes here are a surprise really.  As I just posted over at Votes for deletion/St. Joseph's Secondary School, the message remains the same whether it is communicated by way of template or not.  The only difference is saving a few bytes of diskspace on Wikipedia's servers.  If bandwidth is more expensive than diskspace, then I have no problem creating a macro in lieu of using Dr Zen's template.  But the core of the issue here is that someone has nominated yet another perfectly fine template which exists in someone else's userspace — not cool.  —RaD Man (talk) 01:08, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * You might be interested to know that I also tfd'd Template:Not notable, which read " " —Korath (Talk) 12:50, Apr 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. If you believe all schools are fit subjects for an encyclopaedia then your reason for voting keep is the same on each occasion. You could type exactly the same thing in for each vote. Why deprecate using a template to do it? I do not see the same commenters attacking those who vote: "Delete, not notable" for every school. (I don't see how that is a "discussion", frankly.) There is no difference. I don't believe it's an "abuse of the deletion process". That made me giggle. Naturally, only "the other side" ever abuses anything. It strikes me that VfD causes a great deal of strife and diminshes Wikilove to a great degree. I don't suppose the factionalism, which is, after all, powered by a desire on both sides to reach the same goal (although each side has a different idea of what the goal actually means), is much helped by having a page that encourages its expression. Perhaps you should have approached Dr Zen if you really didn't like his having a template and spoken to him about it, and to those who use it. Have we all forgotten that this is not a warzone and the way to resolve disputes is first and foremost to talk to one another? Grace Note 01:15, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Regarding contacting the user – I believe it's supposed that Dr. Zen is currently inactive. android↔talk 02:03, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * He's not as active as he once was, but he is still active. See: Dr Zen's recent contributions. Grace Note is right, this recent maneuver by Radiant & co. should have been used as a last resort, if at all. —RaD Man (talk) 02:13, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I believe you are attributing far too much malice to Radiant. After all, he withdrew this nomination after it got out of hand, and has been advocating getting some sort of consensus going on the school issue for some time now. android↔talk 02:30, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * I'd love to believe otherwise, but this is not an isolated incident. —RaD Man (talk) 03:13, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Please consider the fact that I did not make this VfD nomination. Radiant_* 11:06, Apr 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Regarding the nominations, this is the sequence as I understand it:
 * Radiant! nominated the template at TfD
 * Netoholic closed the discussion there on the grounds that it is explicitly stated that TfD deals only with the Template namespace. This is in the user namespace.
 * Netoholic put a note on Radiant!'s talk page explaining his actions.
 * I have Radiant!'s talk page on my watchlist (becuase of our correspondence over the proposed restructuring of Categories for deletion), and saw I saw the message.
 * I (Thryduulf) then made the VfD nomination, citing Radiant's reasoning from TfD. I did not make it explicitly clear that it was my nomination to VfD, not Radiants, although I felt I had implied this sufficiently, hindsight leads me to believe I was wrong.
 * At various points the page was blanked, restored, large parts struck out, unstruck, rewritten and reverted, etc. At some point in all this, the vote was closed (I think by Radiant!)
 * Snowspinner then reopened the debate, and renominated it in his name.
 * Radiant! removed all attributions to him and doesn't want anything to do with it.
 * Dr Zen, in whose userspace the template was, emailed SlimVirgin to ask that it be deleted.
 * RaD Man quieried this, but the upshot was that it was deleted.
 * Around the same time, an identical template was made by RaD Man in his userspace.
 * Carnildo nominated that template for deletion (VfD), directing the discussion here.
 * So, the people responsible for the VfD are myself (Thryduulf), Snowspinner and Carnildo but not Radiant!, who has stated several times he wants nothing to do with it. I urge all parties here to read and keep in mind the No Personal Attacks policy. Thryduulf 17:24, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. First of all, it's in userspace. Secondly, until Wikipedia actually comes up with an official policy on whether schools are notable or not, every VFD vote is going to involve the exact same arguments. I can understand why school inclusionists might want to save time by using a template for each VFD on that subject. We need a real policy on school inclusionism/deletionism rather than argue the same thing ad infinitum on this page. Firebug 01:33, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: I don't like seeing things deleted from user pages, but is it really that necessary to even use this template? Assuming people just want to vote on VfD without looking at an article and arguing on its merits, why can't they just cut and paste some text?  The whole VfD on this seems like a waste of time and energy on both sides to me.  --BaronLarf 04:35, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Although in general, I believe that what's in a User's space should be left alone, in this case, this is simply a bad faith VfD vote process.  The User should be required to at least read the articles in question.  If I ever encountered this in a VfD vote page, I would delete it.  RickK 05:07, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment I don't see this Vfd going anywhere; obviously there will be no concensus. The persons involved will vote yes or no regarding school articles, whether you delete the template or not (hopefully it saves them some time to make other additions to wikipedia). And, as many above already said, you can always use cut and paste. Let's rather try to shape some policy. Lectonar 07:02, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Makes a mockery of VfD and consensus. Jayjg (talk)  21:58, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I remember seeing voting templates in user space way back in 2003, what's the fuss now? jni 05:38, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete[.] WP:POINT. El_C 09:33, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I presume you mean Delete this article because it contravenes WP:POINT, not that you want to delete WP:POINT - if the latter, then I suggest this isn't the place to do that ;) Thryduulf 09:41, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Heh! El_C 11:44, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, user space. However, remove from all VfD discussions. VfD discussions shouldn't have templates in them. If he wants to use a template from his user space for voting, he should use subst:. --cesarb 16:58, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Does no harm used sparingly. Chris talk back 21:46, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Bad Thing.  Bad, bad thing.  This should never be used in VfD.  Vote by rote should be discouraged, not encouraged.  Add in the uncertainty factor and headache of trying to ensure votes haven't been changed by changing a voting template...  No good can come of this, and much bad can.  Delete it.  SWAdair | Talk  09:52, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Why on Earth do people want to make templates for voting? There is not much typing saved by doing so. Besides, if people forget to use "subst:" they will be in a vulnerble position from people vandalzing their template (and thereby all their votes using it) to read "Delete A high school. No high schools are notable. Wikipedia is not a vanity site for high schools". Also, it appears to be the people who dislike school articles who keep voting to delete this template, but I really don't think it matters, why prevent your opponents from exposing themselves to template vandalism? Sjakkalle 09:58, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, a mockery, as above. And Dr. Zen apparently isn't even with us any more. Master Thief Garrett 01:44, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Tyagaraja Aradhana

Does anyone know why they celebrate Aradhana for Thyagaraja and not for anybody else(Dikshithar or Swati Tirunal)? I am just curious if there is any reason to celebrate just Tyagaraja this way.

Inclusion in this page
Every year in Nigeria, Thyagaraja Aradhana Festival is being celeberated by Chinmaya Mission with great division at Lagos. Children under proper training from their experienced Gurus and accompanied by instruments recitinging samprathaya Kirthanas of the compositions of Saint Thyagaraja at Sai Ram Temple. Pooja is done for shri Rama in the morning and followed by the Kritis of Tyagaraja Swami. This musical festival is conducted every year in February month since 2007. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 41.86.128.146 (talk) 09:17, 18 February 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tyagaraja Aradhana


text:
Talk:Leyte (island)

Comments
Please add our town Bato, Leyte in wikipedia. For more information please visit http://www.batoleyte.com

Thanks

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.138.47.14 (talk • contribs) 14:39, 13 April 2005 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Move. We have a clear consensus to move the province, and a rough consensus that the island is the primary topic and should be moved to Leyte. Cúchullain t/ c 20:54, 28 January 2014 (UTC)

– The island is the WP:PRIMARYTOPIC for the term "Leyte". The province is normally referred to as Leyte Province or even Northern Leyte province and just covers half of the island of Leyte.--RioHondo (talk) 07:51, 2 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Leyte (island) → Leyte
 * Leyte → Leyte (province)
 * Support. The island is the primary topic. ''Sitta kah'' (talk) 10:54, 2 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Support. Looking at the news articles related to Typhoon Haiyan, the term "Leyte" by itself generally refers to the island, not the province. --seav (talk) 11:17, 2 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Alternative: "Leyte" as disambiguation page. In my experience, and thanks to the WWII battles, the island and the gulf are the primary topic s  (plural) for "Leyte". I think that in this case our readers would be better served by having "Leyte" as the disambiguation page, and all specific content just one click away. — Such an arrangement would have the added advantage of facilitating the work of editors and general maintenance (checking Special:WhatLinksHere/Leyte would suffice to know which wikilinks need correction), thus further aiding in ensuring that our readership gets a better content across Wikipedia, and not just in this specific article. --Ev (talk) 23:51, 2 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Re I have added the Leyte (disambiguation) page in the article. The two provinces, the gulf and the municipality pertain to locations in or near the island, the clear primary topic, where the battles also took place. The navy ships are not as notable. --RioHondo (talk) 04:56, 3 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Semi support move the province, and instead move the disambiguation page to "Leyte" -- 76.65.128.112 (talk) 05:01, 3 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Support. No dab page please — that will cause more problems than it solves. As a reader, knowing just that Leyte is some kind of part of Philippines, I want sufficient information about it, and not a dab page to force me to choose. No such user (talk) 16:22, 13 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Support per nom; no disambiguation needed, as the main topics are related. bd2412  T 21:03, 16 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Given that the leading Leytes, the province and island are covered on separate pages, Leyte should be the disambiguation page, or should it be re-scoped as a broad-concept article. All Leyte topics are highly related, and some, such as the ships, are likely to be searched for using simply "leyte".  --SmokeyJoe (talk) 05:40, 28 January 2014 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Leyte (island)


text:
Graz Airport

Graz Airport, known as Flughafen Graz in German, is a primary international airport serving southern Austria. It is located near Graz, the second-largest city in Austria, in the municipalities of Feldkirchen and Kalsdorf, 5 NM south of Graz city centre.

Location
Graz Airport spans the village Abtissendorf in Feldkirchen municipality and the cadastral community of Thalerhof in Kalsdorf municipality. The airport terminal is located in Abtissendorf.

Early years
Construction of the airport began in 1913 with the construction of a grass runway and the first hangars; the airport saw its first flight in 1914. It was the site of Thalerhof internment camp, run by the governments of Franz Joseph I of Austria and Charles I of Austria. The first domestic passenger flight in Austria in 1925 serviced the route Vienna–Graz–Klagenfurt. In 1930 Yugoslav flag carrier Aeroput started regular flights linking Yugoslav capital Belgrade with Vienna with stops in Zagreb and Graz. In 1937, construction of a terminal building began due to increase in the number of passengers.

After the end of the Second World War, Austria was forbidden to possess either a military or civilian aviation fleet. After the reopening of Austrian airspace in 1951, a new concrete runway of 1500 m was built in Graz. The runway was extended to 2000 m in 1962. The route network grew quickly and the first international scheduled flight started in 1966 with flights to Frankfurt.

In 1969, the runway was extended again, this time to 2500 m, and construction of a new terminal building became necessary. Highlights were visits by Concorde in 1981 and by a Boeing 747 on the occasion of the airport's 70th anniversary in 1984. Ten years later, another new building was constructed with a maximum annual capacity of 750,000 passengers. The latest extension of the runway was to 3000 m in 1998.

Development in the 2000s
In early 21st century, the number of passengers exceeded the 750,000 mark and in 2004 was just below 900,000. This led to the final extension of the current terminal building in 2003 and the construction of a second terminal in 2005.

In summer 2015, the airport received two new routes to European hubs: Swiss International Air Lines to Zurich and Turkish Airlines to Istanbul Atatürk Airport. Though Turkish Airlines discontinued their services to Istanbul in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, Swiss International Air Lines announced it would increase the frequency of flights between Zürich and Graz in summer 2023.

In December 2022, Eurowings announced that it will establish an additional base at Graz Airport, starting in 2023. This major commitment to Graz features nine new routes, with two of them linking Graz to Berlin and Hamburg and the other ones being leisure routes. Furthermore, the overall frequencies of already existing services to Düsseldorf and Palma de Mallorca will be enhanced. Yet with all these new routes, the route from Graz to Stuttgart, which was established in 2021, was discontinued in April of 2023.

In 2023, Graz had recovered approximately 71 percent of its passenger numbers compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic.

Facilities
The passenger terminal building features shops, travel agencies, a restaurant and cafés, conference facilities, a bank, car rental and service counters. The apron provides stands for aircraft up to the size of a Boeing 747 or An-124. There are no jet bridges, mobile stairways are used for boarding. The airport has a VIP lounge for business class customers and customers with priority status.

While there are no scheduled cargo flights to the airport, charter flights are regularly conducted, especially for time-critical cargo like automotive parts.

Airlines and destinations
The following airlines offer regular scheduled, seasonal, and charter flights at Graz Airport:

Public transport
A bus stop can be found next to the arrival area. Regional bus line 630 operates service to Graz, the transfer to central Graz takes approximately 25-35 minutes. The airport is within walking distance (approximately 420 metres, seven minutes on foot) of the Graz-Feldkirchen Airport Railway Station (Flughafen Graz-Feldkirchen Bahnhof). Line S5 (Graz to Spielfeld-Straß) connects the airport to Graz. The journey from the Graz-Feldkirchen Airport Railway Station to the Graz Central Station takes eleven minutes.

Car
Graz Airport is accessible via motorways A9 (exit Kalsdorf) and A2 (exit Flughafen Graz/Feldkirchen).

title: Graz Airport


text:
Talk:Samurai Shodown (1993 video game)

Names
The character name section should really use the Japanese "last name first" convention, as Hanzo Hattori redirects to Hattori Hanzo, Jubei Yagyu to Yagyu Jubei, and so on (not to mention that's how the game itself gives the characters' names). If that means moving Basara Kubikiri to Kubikiri Basara, then so be it. Moroboshi Ataru 01:26, 12 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Agreed. It's going to be a big task to move everything, though.--MoriyaMug 21:35, 27 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually the page name should sport the most "official" name possible, you can specify the name in other ways in the rest of the page: the current layout should d it. Moreso, Kubikiri is not Basara's surname. --2dMadness 01:25, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

Content distribution
I think that this article is getting large enough to merit being shifted to a new section, like "Samurai Shodown (series)" or the like, and making this page pertain specifically to the first game, since more of the individual games are starting to get their own entries. --MoriyaMug 21:34, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

Victoly
Personally I think that since this game made use of and thusly spawned the general usage of the term, "victoly", the word does deserve some mention within the article.

The Moon is made of Green Cheese (citation needed)
There are 13 "citation needed" tags in the Censorship section. It also doesn't seem to have the proper tone for Wikipedia. Also, I think the Story section should be moved up above "Home version and ports" section. -- Scarlet SpiderDavE 04:57, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

show showdown
What about the spelling??

I got here by searching f/ < http://zoomed.com >. I just wanted to see whether it had been listed.

Thank You,

[[ hopiakuta Please do  sign  your  signature  on your  message. %7e%7e  Thank You. -]] 15:50, 8 October 2007 (UTC)

Virtual Console release
Which is available on VC, the censored or uncensored version? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Justin The Claw (talk • contribs) 07:59, 7 April 2009 (UTC)

File:Samuraishodown.png may be deleted
I have tagged File:Samuraishodown.png, which is in use in this article for deletion because it does not have a copyright tag. If a copyright tag is not added within seven days the image will be deleted. -- Chris  08:14, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

File:Samuraishodown.png may be deleted
I have tagged File:Samuraishodown.png, which is in use in this article for deletion because it does not have a copyright tag. If a copyright tag is not added within seven days the image will be deleted. -- Chris  09:23, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

Development
Here is an 2017 interview from Polygon on the development of this game. Could be good for references.195.178.177.170 (talk) 08:35, 16 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Samurai Shodown (1993 video game)


text: User talk:218.238.249.71

title: User talk:218.238.249.71


text: User talk:64.216.140.161

title: User talk:64.216.140.161


text:
File:Bu beach.jpg

BU Beach
This photo of Boston University's BU Beach was taken by User:MC MasterChef with a digital camera in September 2003.

title: File:Bu beach.jpg


text:
User:SanguineSustenance

Sanguine

title: User:SanguineSustenance


text:
Talk:New Horizons

Skypath of New Horizons
Please generate a starmap of the skypath of New Horizons similiar to that for Voyager 1, which can be seen on https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Voyager_1_skypath_1977-2030.png !

Agree, this would be wonderful. Wish I knew how to do it. ElectronicsForDogs (talk) 10:57, 22 August 2022 (UTC)

Encounter with Arrokoth - Data download
According to the estimation, the data download shoud have been finished. Has it?

Best regards, Santiago Jordá — Preceding unsigned comment added by 83.44.47.73 (talk) 19:47, 26 January 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 22:08, 20 March 2022 (UTC)
 * Nix best view.jpg

Non-science payloads
There are a number of other interesting artefacts onboard NH - an American cloth flag, a silver coin, a piece of SpaceShipTwo, and most importantly the cremated remains of Clyde Tombaugh as well as a small epitaph for him.

These should be added IMO, it's an interesting contrast to the Pioneer plaque and the Voyager Golden Record. As well as, in my view, the most magnificent tomb in human history - he's leaving his home star behind and wandering the night sky for untold millions of years. ElectronicsForDogs (talk) 11:04, 22 August 2022 (UTC)
 * What RS did you perceive this information to come from? 50.111.29.1 (talk) 21:40, 27 August 2022 (UTC)
 * How can there be a piece of SpaceShipTwo on board of the spacecraft, if the idea for that project wasn't unveiled until eight months after New Horizons has been launched? As for the piece of SpaceShipOne, the Florida-state quarter coin, the USPS stamp, the US flag, and the ashes of Clyde Tombaugh, all of which are in fact on board -- those are all mentioned already in the article (and have been since 2010). If there's any that we've missed, please provide a reliable source for the missing notable artifacts. Renerpho (talk) 03:38, 28 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:New Horizons


text:
Newtown Cunningham

Newtown Cunningham, usually spelled Newtowncunningham or abbreviated to Newton, is a village and townland in the Laggan district in the east of County Donegal, Ireland, located on the N13 road 18 km east of Letterkenny and 16 km west of Derry. At the 2016 census, the village population was 1,080.

History and name
Evidence of ancient settlement in the area, from the Iron Age onwards, includes the ringfort at Grianan of Aileach. Also nearby is the sixteenth-century Burt Castle.

The area of Newtown Cunningham was historically known as Culmacatrain. Like nearby Manorcunningham, the village takes its current name from John Cunningham, originally from Kilbirnie, Ayrshire, in Scotland, who was among the settlers granted lands in County Donegal during the 17th century Plantation of Ulster.

The village's architecture includes stately Anglo-Irish "big houses", now known as the Manse and the Castle, which reflect the village's colonial and Presbyterian history.

Economy and community
Newtowncunningham's long Main Street once formed part of the busy N13 trunk road connecting Letterkenny with Derry. A bypass diverted the N13 around the village in 1985. Many of the village's businesses either closed or moved to locations along the bypass, gradually divesting the village of economic activity.

As of the early 21st century, residential developments were built at both ends of Newtown Cunningham, and the village's population expanded by over 50% (from 663 to 1,080 inhabitants) between the 2002 and 2016 census. A number of retail and service outlets were also built, and an industrial estate area located at the Letterkenny end of the village contains a number of retail outlets.

Newtown Cunningham is located close to Blanket Nook, a wetland area and bird sanctuary that is a wintering site for the rare whooper swan.

Transport
Newtown Cunningham is served by Bus Éireann route numbers 64 and 480. These include Bus Éireann's Derry to Letterkenny and Derry to Galway routes. As of 2018, Bus Éireann provided 11 daily buses passing through the village in both directions, either to Derry or to Letterkenny. The bus stop in the village is located adjacent to the Roman Catholic parish graveyard on the Main Street. The village was also previously served by Lough Swilly Buses, but this provider ceased trading in April 2014.

Newtown Cunningham is not directly served by rail, and Newtowncunningham railway station (which opened in June 1883) was closed for passenger traffic on 3 June 1940 and closed altogether on 10 August 1953.

Culture
The population is largely Roman Catholic, with significant Presbyterian and Church of Ireland presences, and churches for each.

Scoil Cholmcille, a Catholic primary (national) school, was completed in 1983. In 1986, the Páirc Colmcille sports ground was opened. In the late 1990s, the existing Catholic church in the centre of the village was demolished and the construction began on a replacement church, St. Peter's Bark, which opened in 1999.

The Columban Hall on the main street hosts several events throughout the year, such as festivals, concerts, and car boot sales.

The local Orange Lodge, Newtown Cunningham LOL1063, meet in the Orange Hall on Main Street and celebrated their centenary in 2011. An Apprentice Boys club and an accordion band also meet in the Orange Hall. The hall is used by community groups throughout the year as well as hosting an annual Remembrance Day service and concerts. A September 2014 arson attack destroyed the Orange Hall. July 2017 saw work to rebuild the hall begin, with the hope that it would be open in 2019.

The Newtown Cunningham's Presbyterian Church was formed in 1830. The church building was built in one year by voluntary labour. Newtown Cunningham Presbyterian Church was united with Crossroads from 1957 until 1974 and is now united with Ray.

People

 * Sir George Bowen (1821-1899), author and colonial administrator, born just outside Newtowncunningham.
 * Seán Rooney – soldier killed while serving on the UNIFIL peacekeeping mission in Lebanon in 2022

title: Newtown Cunningham


text:
Category talk:Unidentified serial killers

Comments
Why is Femicide in this list, and under "C"?
 * Because of the Deaths in Ciudad Juárez, it seems. However, since the entry should likely have never been in Wikipedia to begin with (it's a dicdef), I've made recommendations for it to be transwikied to Wiktionary.  Hope this helps. --Mitsukai 17:25, 19 May 2005 (UTC)

Why is Manish Gupta on the list? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.244.207.83 (talk) 15:03, 26 March 2009 (UTC)

Ireland's Vanishing Triangle
Can’t add Ireland’s vanishing triangle in alphabetical order. Celebman999 (talk) 18:58, 13 May 2020 (UTC)
 * You don't add pages to a category by editing the category page, you add them by putting the category at the bottom of the article you're trying to add. PohranicniStraze (talk) 00:19, 14 May 2020 (UTC)