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Predictive text

Predictive text is an input technology used where one key or button represents many letters, such as on the physical numeric keypads of mobile phones and in accessibility technologies. Each key press results in a prediction rather than repeatedly sequencing through the same group of "letters" it represents, in the same, invariable order. Predictive text could allow for an entire word to be input by single keypress. Predictive text makes efficient use of fewer device keys to input writing into a text message, an e-mail, an address book, a calendar, and the like.

The most widely used, general, predictive text systems are T9, iTap, eZiText, and LetterWise/WordWise. There are many ways to build a device that predicts text, but all predictive text systems have initial linguistic settings that offer predictions that are re-prioritized to adapt to each user. This learning adapts, by way of the device memory, to a user's disambiguating feedback that results in corrective key presses, such as pressing a "next" key to get to the intention. Most predictive text systems have a user database to facilitate this process.

Theoretically the number of keystrokes required per desired character in the finished writing is, on average, comparable to using a keyboard. This is approximately true providing that all words used are in its database, punctuation is ignored, and no input mistakes are made typing or spelling. The theoretical keystrokes per character, KSPC, of a keyboard is KSPC=1.00, and of multi-tap is KSPC=2.03. Eatoni's LetterWise is a predictive multi-tap hybrid, which when operating on a standard telephone keypad achieves KSPC=1.15 for English.

The choice of which predictive text system is the best to use involves matching the user's preferred interface style, the user's level of learned ability to operate predictive text software, and the user's efficiency goal. There are various levels of risk in predictive text systems, versus multi-tap systems, because the predicted text that is automatically written that provide the speed and mechanical efficiency benefit, could, if the user is not careful to review, result in transmitting misinformation. Predictive text systems take time to learn to use well, and so generally, a device's system has user options to set up the choice of multi-tap or of any one of several schools of predictive text methods.

Background
Short message service (SMS) permits a mobile phone user to send text messages (also called messages, SMSes, texts, and txts) as a short message. The most common system of SMS text input is referred to as "multi-tap". Using multi-tap, a key is pressed multiple times to access the list of letters on that key. For instance, pressing the "2" key once displays an "a", twice displays a "b" and three times displays a "c". To enter two successive letters that are on the same key, the user must either pause or hit a "next" button. A user can type by pressing an alphanumeric keypad without looking at the electronic equipment display. Thus, multi-tap is easy to understand, and can be used without any visual feedback. However, multi-tap is not very efficient, requiring potentially many keystrokes to enter a single letter.

In ideal predictive text entry, all words used are in the dictionary, punctuation is ignored, no spelling mistakes are made, and no typing mistakes are made. The ideal dictionary would include all slang, proper nouns, abbreviations, URLs, foreign-language words and other user-unique words. This ideal circumstance gives predictive text software the reduction in the number of key strokes a user is required to enter a word. The user presses the number corresponding to each letter and, as long as the word exists in the predictive text dictionary, or is correctly disambiguated by non-dictionary systems, it will appear. For instance, pressing "4663" will typically be interpreted as the word good, provided that a linguistic database in English is currently in use, though alternatives such as home, hood and hoof are also valid interpretations of the sequence of key strokes.

The most widely used systems of predictive text are Tegic's T9, Motorola's iTap, and the Eatoni Ergonomics' LetterWise and WordWise. T9 and iTap use dictionaries, but Eatoni Ergonomics' products uses a disambiguation process, a set of statistical rules to recreate words from keystroke sequences. All predictive text systems require a linguistic database for every supported input language.

Dictionary vs. non-dictionary systems
Traditional disambiguation works by referencing a dictionary of commonly used words, though Eatoni offers a dictionaryless disambiguation system.

In dictionary-based systems, as the user presses the number buttons, an algorithm searches the dictionary for a list of possible words that match the keypress combination, and offers up the most probable choice. The user can then confirm the selection and move on, or use a key to cycle through the possible combinations.

A non-dictionary system constructs words and other sequences of letters from the statistics of word parts. To attempt predictions of the intended result of keystrokes not yet entered, disambiguation may be combined with a word completion facility.

Either system (disambiguation or predictive) may include a user database, which can be further classified as a "learning" system when words or phrases are entered into the user database without direct user intervention. The user database is for storing words or phrases which are not well disambiguated by the pre-supplied database. Some disambiguation systems further attempt to correct spelling, format text or perform other automatic rewrites, with the risky effect of either enhancing or frustrating user efforts to enter text.

History
The predictive text and autocomplete technology was invented out of necessities by Chinese scientists and linguists in the 1950s to solve the input inefficiency of the Chinese typewriter, as the typing process involved finding and selecting thousands of logographic characters on a tray, drastically slowing down the word processing speed.

The actuating keys of the Chinese typewriter created by Lin Yutang in the 1940s included suggestions for the characters following the one selected. In 1951, the Chinese typesetter Zhang Jiying arranged Chinese characters in associative clusters, a precursor of modern predictive text entry, and broke speed records by doing so. Predictive entry of text from a telephone keypad has been known at least since the 1970s (Smith and Goodwin, 1971). Predictive text was mainly used to look up names in directories over the phone, until mobile phone text messaging came into widespread use.

Example

On a typical phone keypad, if users wished to type the in a "multi-tap" keypad entry system, they would need to:

 * Press 8 (tuv) once to select t.
 * Press 4 (ghi) twice to select h.
 * Press 3 (def) twice to select e.

Meanwhile, in a phone with predictive text, they need only:

 * Press 8 once to select the (tuv) group for the first character.
 * Press 4 once to select the (ghi) group for the second character.
 * Press 3 once to select the (def) group for the third character.

The system updates the display as each keypress is entered, to show the most probable entry. In this example, prediction reduced the number of button presses from five to three. The effect is even greater with longer words and those composed of letters later in each key's sequence.

A dictionary-based predictive system is based on hope that the desired word is in the dictionary. That hope may be misplaced if the word differs in any way from common usage—in particular, if the word is not spelled or typed correctly, is slang, or is a proper noun. In these cases, some other mechanism must be used to enter the word. Furthermore, the simple dictionary approach fails with agglutinative languages, where a single word does not necessarily represent a single semantic entity.

Companies and products
Predictive text is developed and marketed in a variety of competing products, such as Nuance Communications's T9. Other products include Motorola's iTap; Eatoni Ergonomic's LetterWise (character, rather than word-based prediction); WordWise (word-based prediction without a dictionary); EQ3 (a QWERTY-like layout compatible with regular telephone keypads); Prevalent Devices's Phraze-It; Xrgomics' TenGO (a six-key reduced QWERTY keyboard system); Adaptxt (considers language, context, grammar and semantics); Lightkey (a predictive typing software for Windows); Clevertexting (statistical nature of the language, dictionaryless, dynamic key allocation); and  Oizea Type (temporal ambiguity); Intelab's Tauto; WordLogic's Intelligent Input Platform™ (patented, layer-based advanced text prediction, includes multi-language dictionary, spell-check, built-in Web search); Google's Gboard.

Textonyms
Words produced by the same combination of keypresses have been called "textonyms"; also "txtonyms"; or "T9onyms" (pronounced "tynonyms" ), though they are not specific to T9. Selecting the wrong textonym can occur with no misspelling or typo, if the wrong textonym is selected by default or user error. As mentioned above, the key sequence 4663 on a telephone keypad, provided with a linguistic database in English, will generally be disambiguated as the word good. However, the same key sequence also corresponds to other words, such as home, gone, hoof, hood and so on. For example, "Are you home?" could be rendered as "Are you good?" if the user neglects to alter the default 4663 word. This can lead to misunderstandings; for example sequence 735328 might correspond to either select or its antonym reject. A 2010 brawl that led to manslaughter was sparked by a textonym error. Predictive text choosing a default different from that which the user expects has similarities with the Cupertino effect, by which spell-check software changes a spelling to that of an unintended word.

Textonyms were used as Millennial slang; for example, the use of the word book to mean cool, since book was the default in predictive text systems that assumed it was more frequent than cool. This is related to cacography.

Disambiguation failure and misspelling
Textonyms are not the only issue limiting the effectiveness of predictive text implementations. Another significant problem are words for which the disambiguation produces a single, incorrect response. The system may, for example, respond with Blairf upon input of 252473, when the intended word was Blaise or Claire, both of which correspond to the keystroke sequence, but are not, in this example, found by the predictive text system. When typos or misspellings occur, they are very unlikely to be recognized correctly by a disambiguation system, though error correction mechanisms may mitigate that effect.

Concepts

 * Assistive technology
 * Autocomplete
 * Text entry interface
 * Input method editor
 * Text messaging
 * SMS language
 * Speech-to-text reporter

title: Predictive text


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Serug

Serug (שְׂרוּג – Śərūḡ, "branch"; – Seroúkh) was the son of Reu and the father of Nahor, according to Genesis 11:20–23. He is also the great-grandfather of Abraham, thus the ancestor of the Ishmaelites and the Israelites.

In scriptures
In the Masoretic Text (𝕸) on which modern Bibles are based, he was 30 years old when Nahor was born and lived for another 200 years, making his age at death 230, when Abraham was either 41 or 101. However, the Septuagint (LXX) and Samaritan Pentateuch texts state that he was 130 on fathering Nahor; the Samaritan Pentateuch gives his age at death as 230, stating that he lived another 100 years, while the LXX has 200, making him 330 at his death.

Further details are provided in the Book of Jubilees, which gives the names of his mother, Ora (11:1), and wife, Milcah (11:6). It also states that his original name was Seroh, but that it was changed to Serug in the time when Noah's children began to fight wars and the city of Ur of the Chaldees was built where Serug lived. It says this Serug was the first of the patriarchal line to abandon monotheism and turn to idol worship, teaching sorcery to his son Nahor.

In popular culture
The biblical film Abraham (1993) uses Serug's name for a younger member of Abraham's caravan. The character's juvenile version is played by Aziz Khaldoun and the adult version is played by Tom Radcliffe.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Serug


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List of Georgian writers

An alphabetic list of prose writers and poets from the nation of Georgia.

A

 * Alexander Abasheli, 1884–1954, Russian E/USSR, poet and non-fiction writer
 * Grigol Abashidze, 1914–1994, USSR/Georgia, poet
 * Irakli Abashidze, 1909–1992, Russian E/USSR, poet and non-fiction writer
 * Alexander Amilakhvari, 1750–1802, Georgia, non-fiction writer
 * Chabua Amirejibi, 1921–2013, USSR/Georgia, fiction and non-fiction writer
 * Manana Antadze, born 1945, USSR/Georgia, writer and translator
 * Shio Aragvispireli, 1867–1926, Russian E/USSR, non-fiction writer
 * Archil of Imereti, 1647–1713, Georgia, poet
 * Lavrenti Ardaziani, 1815–1870, Russian E, fiction and non-fiction writer
 * Lado Asatiani (1917–1943, USSR, poet

B

 * Gerzel Baazov, 1904–1938, Russian E/USSR, poet and playwright
 * Nikoloz Baratashvili, 1817–1845, Russian E/Azerbaijan, poet
 * Dato Barbakadze, born 1976, Georgian writer and translator
 * Vasil Barnovi, 1856–1934, Russian E/USSR, fiction writer
 * Elena Botchorichvili, living, USSR/Canada, fiction and non-fiction writer
 * Lasha Bugadze, born 1977, USSR/Georgia, fiction writer and playwright
 * Zaza Burchuladze, born 1973, USSR/Germany, fiction writer and playwright
 * Besiki, 1750–1791, Georgia, poet and non-fiction writer, pseudonym of Besarion Zakarias dze Gabashvili

C

 * Chakhrukhadze, fl. late 12th/early 13th c., Georgia, poet
 * Irakli Charkviani, 1961–2006, USSR/Georgia, poet and non-fiction writer
 * Alexander Chavchavadze, 1786–1846, Russian E, poet
 * Ilia Chavchavadze, 1837–1907, Russian E, non-fiction writer and poet
 * Simon Chikovani, 1902–1966, Russian E/USSR, poet
 * Otar Chiladze, 1933–2009, USSR/Georgia, fiction writer
 * Tamaz Chiladze, 1931–2018, Russian E/Georgia, playwright and poet
 * Daniel Chonkadze, 1830–1860, Russian E, fiction writer

D

 * Aneta Dadeshkeliani, 1872–1922, Russian E, poet and educator
 * Nino Dadeshkeliani, 1890–1931, Russian E/France, writer and politician
 * Demetrius I of Georgia, c. 1093–1156, Georgia, monarch and poet
 * David Dephy, born 1968, Georgia/US, poet
 * Nodar Dumbadze, 1928–1984, USSR, fiction writer
 * Guram Dochanashvili, 1939–2021, USSR/Georgia, fiction/non-fiction writer

E

 * Nana Ekvtimishvili (born 1978), Georgia, writer and film director
 * Dominika Eristavi (1864–1929), Russian E/USSR, writer and translator
 * Giorgi Eristavi (1813–1864), Russian E, dramatist, poet and non-fiction writer
 * Rapiel Eristavi (1824–2001), Russian E/USSR, poet, fiction writer and dramatist
 * Anastasia Eristavi-Khoshtaria (1868–1951), Russian E/USSR, feminist novelist

G

 * Ekaterine Gabashvili (1851–1938), Russian E, fiction and non-fiction writer
 * Konstantine Gamsakhurdia (1893–1975), Russian E/USSR, fiction writer
 * Zviad Gamsakhurdia (1939–1993), USSR, non-fiction and fiction writer
 * Mirza Gelovani (1917–1944), USSR, poet
 * Naira Gelashvili (born 1947), USSR/Georgia, fiction and non-fiction writer
 * George the Hagiorite (1009–1065), Georgia, non-fiction writer
 * Iakob Gogebashvili (1840–1912), Russian E, non-fiction and children's writer and poet
 * Parsadan Gorgijanidze (1626 – c. 1696), Georgia, non-fiction writer
 * Levan Gotua (1905–1973), Russian E/USSR, fiction writer
 * Terenti Graneli (1897–1934), Russian E/USSR, poet and essayist, pseudonym of Terenti Kvirkvelia
 * Ioseb Grishashvili (1889–1965), Russian E/USSR, poet and non-fiction writer, pseudonym of Ioseb Mamulishvili
 * Petre Gruzinsky (1920–1984), USSR, poet

H

 * Nino Haratischwili (born 1983), Georgia/Germany, novelist and playwright

I

 * Paolo Iashvili (1894–1937), Russian E/USSR, poet
 * Ioane Petritsi (c. 11th c.), Georgia, philosopher
 * John Zosimus (died c. 990), Georgia, religious writer
 * Otia Ioseliani (1930–2011), USSR/Georgia, fiction and drama

J

 * Mikheil Javakhishvili (1880–1937), Russian E/USSR, novelist

K

 * Zurab Karumidze (born 1957), USSR/Georgia, fiction and non-fiction writer
 * Alexander Kazbegi (1848–1893), Russian E, novelist
 * Ana Kalandadze (1924–2008), USSR/Georgia, poet
 * Mariam Khutsurauli (born 1960), USSR/Georgia, poet and short story writer
 * Leo Kiacheli (1884–1963), Russian E/USSR, fiction and non-fiction writer
 * Lali Kiknavelidze (born 1969), USSR/Georgia, screenwriter and film director
 * David Kldiashvili (1862–1931), Russian E/Georgia, fiction writer and dramatist
 * Sergo Kldiashvili (1893–1886), Russian E, fiction writer and dramatist
 * Ana Kordzaia-Samadashvili (born 1968), USSR/Georgia, novelist and literary journalist
 * Nestan Kvinikadze (born 1980), USSR/Georgia, scriptwriter and dramatist

L

 * Giorgi Leonidze, (1899–1966), Russian E/USSR, poet and non-fiction writer
 * Niko Lomouri, (1852–1915), Russian E, poet

M

 * Mukhran Machavariani (1929–2010), USSR/Georgia, poet
 * David Magradze (born 1963), USSR/Georgia, poet
 * Tamta Melashvili (born 1979), USSR/Georgia, novelist and feminist
 * Giorgi Merchule (10th c. CE), Georgia, biographer
 * Kato Mikeladze (1878–1942), Russian E/France, journalist and feminist
 * Ephrem Mtsire (died c. 1101/1103), Georgia, non-fiction writer
 * Aka Morchiladze (born 1966), USSR/Georgia, fiction and non-fiction writer, pseudonym of Giorgi Akhvlediani

N

 * Kolau Nadiradze (1895–1990), Russian E/Georgia, poet

O

 * Alexander Orbeliani (1802–1869), Russian E, p/f/nf
 * David Orbeliani (1739–1796), Georgia, poet
 * Grigol Orbeliani (1804–1883), Russian E, poet
 * Sulkhan-Saba Orbeliani (1658–1725), Georgia/Russian E, non-fiction writer
 * Vakhtang Orbeliani (1812–1890), Russian E, poet
 * Iza Orjonikidze (1938–2010) USSR/Georgia, poet and scholar

P

 * George Papashvily (1898–1978), Russian E/US, non-fiction writer
 * Tamri Pkhakadze (born 1957), Georgia, novelist and children's writer
 * Vazha-Pshavela (1861–1915), Russian E, poet and fiction and non-fiction writer, pseudonym of Luka Razikashvili

R

 * Guram Rcheulishvili, 1934–1960, Russian E, fiction and non-fiction writer
 * Grigol Robakidze, 1880–1962, Russian E/Switzerland, non-fiction writer and poet
 * Shota Rustaveli, c. 1160 – c. 1120, Georgia, poet

S

 * Nino Salia (1898–1992), Russian E/France, historian
 * Irma Shiolashvili, born 1974, USSR/Georgia, poet, translator and journalist
 * Stepane Mtbevari, fl. 10th c., Georgia, religious writer

T

 * Galaktion Tabidze, 1892–1959, Russian E/USSR, poet
 * Titsian Tabidze, 1890–1937, Russian E/USSR, poet
 * Nicholas Tchkotoua, 1909–1984, Russian E/Switzerland, novelist
 * Ekaterine Togonidze, born 1981, USSR/Georgia, journalist and novelist
 * Elena Topuridze, 1922–2004, USSR/Georgia, philosopher and non-fiction writer
 * Avksenty Tsagareli, 1857–1902, Russian E, dramatist
 * Akaki Tsereteli, 1840–1915, Russian E, poet
 * Mariam Tsiklauri, born 1960, Russian E, poet and children's author
 * Iakob Tsurtaveli, fl. 5th century CE, non-fiction writer
 * Anastasia Tumanishvili-Tsereteli, 1849–1932, Russian E/USSR, writer and educator
 * David Turashvili, born 1966, USSR/Georgia, fiction writer

V

 * Vakhtang VI of Kartli, 1675–1737, Georgia, non-fiction writer and poet
 * Elene Virsaladze, 1911–1977, Russian E/USSR, non-fiction writer

title: List of Georgian writers


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Firsov (crater)

Firsov is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It is located to due south of the crater Lobachevskiy, and to the northwest of Abul Wáfa. The circular rim of this crater has a small outward bulge along the southern edge, and smaller bulges along the western side. The inner walls have slumped to form talus piles along the base. The low-albedo interior floor is nearly level and featureless.

Just east of Firsov, within an unnamed, flat-floored crater is an unusual swirl pattern of high albedo, similar to the floor of Mare Marginis and to the Reiner Gamma feature.

Satellite craters
By convention, these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Firsov.

title: Firsov (crater)


text:
Mamotte Shugogetten

Mamotte Shugogetten (まもって守護月天!) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Minene Sakurano which was serialized in the monthly magazine Shōnen GanGan from 1996 to 2000. A continuation was published in Comic Blade titled Mamotte Shugogetten! Retrouvailles (まもって守護月天! 再逢) from 2002 to 2005. The manga was adapted into a 22-episode anime television series produced by Toei Animation which aired from 1998 throughout 1999. An eight-episode OVA series, Denshin Mamotte Shugogetten was released in 2000.

The story involves Tasuke Shichiri, a 14-year-old boy that receives a gift from his father, Tarousuke, who is traveling in China. The gift is a ring, the shitenrin, and those pure of heart may gaze into it and receive a moon goddess named Shaolin.

An English adaptation of the first manga was serialized in Raijin Comics under the English title Guardian Angel Getten. TOKYOPOP later licensed the manga under its original title, which began publication in April 2008. But Mamotte Shugogetten Retrouvailles has yet to be released in English.

Characters
Shaorin (守護月天 小璘)

A moon spirit who wears traditional styled costumes, she has little understanding of the human world after spending a few thousand years in the confines of the shitenrin. Throughout the anime her purpose is to protect Tasuke and she does so by summoning different assistants called Hoshigami (星神, literally "star gods") through the ring. She initially causes trouble for Tasuke by destroying harmless household objects in her efforts to protect him. She is banned from going to the school after destroying some of it. Because of this, Shaorin sends Rishu to protect Tasuke at school. In the manga her misguided efforts to protect him the first day cause Tasuke to order her to go away, saying that he can protect himself. A bit later she apologizes and asks his permission to protect him from loneliness. On that basis the manga continues. She develops feelings for Tasuke and gets jealous when Kaori shows up in anime episode 12 and in the last 2 episodes, she finally realizes what she feels for Tasuke. In the manga, as a spirit, she profoundly does not understand these feelings. Her guardian, the hoshigami Nankyuko-Jusei, counsels her that these are feelings that she should not learn. He means that it will make eternity harder for her when she must part from Tasuke. Her given name might be Rin, with "Shao-" being an affectionate suffix. Vol 5 of the manga shows that people casually familiar with her think that she's an ordinary person and her family name (last name) is "Shugogetten". She is voiced by Mariko Kouda

Tasuke Shichiri (七梨太助)

The main character. He is a high school (middle school in the manga) student, son of a globe trotting archeologist father. Because his father and older sister travel and his mother left for a global trip when he was just a baby. he lives alone in his two-story home at the beginning of the story. He is decisive and intelligent, but nonetheless beleaguered and is a similar character to Keiichi Morisato in both personality and situation. He has a crush on Shaorin just after he first meets her and his feelings for her develop even more throughout the series. Tasuke wishes to save Shao, though he is very uncertain how to save her or from what to save her. He is voiced by Daisuke Sakaguchi

Keikounitten Ruuan (慶幸日天 汝昴)

Freed by Tasuke from a wand artifact, the kokutentou found in the same area as the shitenrin and sent to Tasuke by his father. Ruuan's role as opposed to Shaorin's is not to protect Tasuke but instead to make him happy which she does by giving inanimate objects life to do her bidding. In the manga she gets herself a job as Tasuke's homeroom teacher. Ruuan and Shao are sworn rivals and conflict often occurs as their roles of keeping Tasuke "safe" or "happy" aren't always equivalent. She too fall in loves with Tasuke, however she takes a stronger approach, often trying to have sex with him. Rūan voiced by Yumi Takada

Rishu (離珠)

The tiny, pink-haired, telepathic hoshigami of Shaorin that is given to Tasuke when he attends school. She also takes most responsibility for keeping the house clean and is called the "garbage gnome" by Ruuan. She is unable to speak at an audible volume to Tasuke so she communicates by drawing cartoons on palm cards with a paintbrush. She has a cute way of speaking, which includes saying "deshi" instead of "desu" and calling Tasuke "Tasuke-shama".

Bannanchiten Kiryū (万難地天 紀柳)

Freed from a small Chinese fan, also sent by Tasuke's father. She is an earth spirit and her role is to put her master through trials by making things grow to several times their normal size. In the manga she is first seen in chapter 39. In the animation, she only appears in the Denshin Mamotte Shugogetten OVA. Her stock phrase is "It is a challenge.  it." When asked to tell a bit more about herself she replied "It is a challenge. Look it up." (Shao answered and explained it to Tasuke). Kiryu voiced by Houko Kuwashima (OVA)

Izumo Miyauchi (宮内 出雲)

A man from the local Shinto shrine who is in love with Shaorin. In the manga he also runs the school store, which provides more opportunity to see Shaorin and participate in stories. He is aware of Shaorin's nature. He has the cool, cheerful look whenever he is near cute girls, but has an evil look towards the boys, making the guys suggest he has a split-personality. He is also not above using underhanded tactics to try to get Shaorin, where once he realized she was in love with Tasuke, he tried to manipulate her lack of understanding towards these feelings into the belief that it was guilt, overall suggesting that she should leave him as she sees herself as a burden to Tasuke. He is voiced by Toshiyuki Morikawa.

Kouichirou Endou (遠藤 乎一郎) and Takashi Nomura (野村 たかし)

Tasuke's classmates. Kouichirou is in love with Ruuan and Takashi is in love with Shaorin. They are aware of Shaorin's nature. Kouichiro voiced by Omi Minami and Takashi voiced by Ryōtarō Okiayu.

Kaori Aihara (愛原 花織)

A student at Tasuke's school. She is one year behind Tasuke at the school which they attend. She is jealous of Shaorin and Ruuan and feels they are rivals to win Tasuke's heart. She first meets Tasuke in the anime after she wishes to Kami (God) that she will meet the man of her dreams and she falls immediately in love with Tasuke when he saves her from tripping over. In the manga early in her first term at the school, on a rainy day, Tasuke sees that she doesn't have an umbrella and lends her his, forgetting for the moment that Shaorin and Ruuan aren't at the school that day and can't replace his umbrella. She develops a big crush on Tasuke and it keeps getting enlarged by inadvertent accidents. She is voiced by Eriko Hara.

Shouko Yamanobe (山野辺 翔子)

She starts out as a delinquent girl, but after befriending Shaorin, Shouko decides to try to bring her and Tasuke together. Her personality softens up after she meets Shaorin and it is seen that she becomes sensitive when it comes to understanding Tasuke and Shaorin's relationship. She is aware of Shaorin's nature. She has an odd habit of being able to appear anywhere, as well as enjoys playing "matchmaker" solely because of all the entertainment she gets from the situation. She is voiced by Nami Miyahara.

Nana Shichiri (七梨 那奈)

Tasuke's older sister, a world traveler. In chapter 16 she comes home. Tasuke tries to conceal all the spirits from his sister, while Ruuan tries to reveal Shao, in hopes that older sister will kick Shao out of the house. Nana is favorably impressed by Shao. When she leaves again in chapter 17 she asks Shao to stay with and look after Tasuke. In chapter 51 she comes home again, bringing with her another woman named Sayuri, whom she had found on a sickbed in Mongolia. Nana thinks, correctly, that Sayuri is their mother. Sayuri leaves in chapter 52, but Nana stays. She is irked with Tasuke because he hadn't told her that Shao isn't human. She then fills much of the pot-stirrer role that Ruuan has filled up till now. Factoid: Nana and Izumo had attended the same middle school.

Tarousuke Shichiri (七梨 太郎助)

The father of Tasuke and Nana.

'''Sayuri Shichiri (七梨 さゆり)

The mother of Tasuke and Nana.

Music
Anime television series

OVA

title: Mamotte Shugogetten