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PBS Satellite Service

The PBS Satellite Service (also known as the PBS National Program Service, with the primary C-band feed being formerly known as PBS Schedule X in Eastern Time, with the West Coast delay signal designated PBS-XP) consists of feeds relayed from PBS by satellite to public television stations throughout the United States. The service was launched in September 1978. The service provides a mixed variety of programming selected from PBS's regular network services. In the X/XP years a satellite feed was multicast by some PBS member stations on an over-the-air DTV subchannel along with their regular programming, or during overnight hours on their main channel to provide a second opportunity for viewers to watch or record primetime programming.

PBS currently utilizes one transponder on the Galaxy 16 satellite, transponder 22. This is a MCPC (multiple channel per carrier) which currently has seven channels uplinked from the PBS NOC (Network Operations Center) in Alexandria, Virginia.

Currently, select stations broadcast the feed, usually overnight, like KGTF (PBS Guam, broadcasts most of the channel as a localised feed). The channel is also available over satellite providers like DirecTV (Channel 389). PBS provides all of their channels free to TV providers who do not receive local member stations.

As of 2023, PBS's satellite feeds, as well as a few other PBS stations, can be received unscrambled using a free-to-air satellite receiver set to these coordinates:
 * PBS at 99°W (on the Galaxy 16 satellite), Ku-band, unencrypted.
 * Montana PBS at 99°W (on the Galaxy 16 satellite), Ku-band, unencrypted.
 * LPB at 87°W (on the SES-2 satellite), Ku-band, unencrypted.

PBS affiliate KETA, part of the Oklahoma Educational Television Authority (OETA), was also available on AMC-21 until June 2016. Their removal from satellite coincided with the completion of their transition to fiber distribution.

PBS transitioned to a fiber-based interconnection system known as sIX, otherwise known as the sixth generation of PBS's interconnection system, in July 2021. The original end date for linear program feeds via satellite was slated for 2016, but was later pushed to 2018, and was then pushed again to the beginning of 2021; none of these deadlines were met. PBS's main network feeds are still active as of June 2023; however, only one NPS feed remains, namely HD03. The only programs airing on this feed are news and public affairs programming; all other linear program feeds have moved to sIX; however, there may occasionally be an unannounced feed of program unrelated to news or public affairs, such as Great Performances.

1971–1978: The First-Generation Interconnection System
Starting in 1971, PBS began distributing programs via telephone lines leased from AT&T. This was the first generation of PBS’s interconnection system. Prior to this, PBS would distribute programs to stations via "bicycling tapes," meaning that tapes would be shipped between stations through the mail. The interconnection system consisted of nearly 20,000 miles of telephone lines spread across the country. To send programming, PBS would feed these videotaped programs via their network of phone lines throughout the country. Instead of each program being received by each individual public television station, these programs were fed to "regional networks," which would then redirect these feeds to stations within their network. Examples of these regional networks included the Southern Educational Communications Association (SECA), which is now known as the National Educational Telecommunications Association (NETA); the Central Educational Network (CEN); the Eastern Educational Television Network (EEN), which is now known as American Public Television (APT); and Midwestern Educational Television (MET). This system made use of a "round-robin" method when distributing programming; this meant that, "a number of stations on the loop can originate to all other stations in the system." The system, however, had its limits. One problem was that video and audio quality would be lessened the farther away a receiving station was due to the distance the program had to travel via the interconnection system. Furthermore, areas outside the contiguous U.S., such as Hawaii, was not "economically feasible," all stations received the same feed, and there was no ability for a second or alternate program feed. In addition, according to PBS, the use of telephone lines to deliver programming was "incapable of producing high-fidelity sound," so they started to look for an alternate method of distributing programming.

PBS began to inquire about the use of satellite for program distribution dating back to 1971. PBS quickly discovered the benefits satellite distribution would have on their operations. A satellite-based interconnection system would allow improved video and audio quality. Unlike the terrestrial-based system, where quality degrades the farther the signal travels, programs fed via satellite would suffer no loss in quality; each station would receive the same copy of the program. A satellite-based system would also allow for more than one program feed.

Before the transition to satellite, PBS utilized what was known as DATE (Digital Audio for TElevision) to transmit stereo audio; however, according to PBS, it was never widely adopted due to "high cost". Decoders for the DATE system cost up to $11,000 in the mid-1980s. PBS recommended that a station purchase at least two decoders, one of these acting as a backup unit. By 1987, "less than half of PBS’s member stations" could adequately decode and broadcast DATE audio signals due to these high costs and the lack of available parts.

1978: The Launch of the Second-Generation, Satellite-Based Interconnection System
In 1976, PBS, as well as NPR, received approval from the FCC regarding their plans to create a satellite-based interconnection network. Implementation of this project began in mid-1977.[1] PBS launched their satellite interconnection system on March 1, 1978. This was their second-generation interconnection system. At the time, only 24 stations, all located in the southeastern portion of the U.S., were able to receive the satellite feeds. Throughout 1978, satellite dishes were installed at each public television station in the country. At the end of 1978, all public television stations were now receiving programs via satellite, which ended PBS’s terrestrial-based interconnection system. The interconnection system cost $39.5 million to implement and develop. PBS originally utilized three full-time C-band transponders on the Westar 1 satellite, at orbital position 99°W, to deliver programing, but they also leased a fourth "occasional" transponder beginning sometime in 1980. Westar 2, a satellite at orbital position 123.5°W, would be designated as a backup in case of a failure of Westar 1. In 1982, Westar 4 replaced Westar 1 in the same orbital position; PBS transferred their feeds to this new satellite. One primary advantage of Westar 4 was that it contained 24 transponders, compared to Westar 1’s 12 transponders.

To communicate with stations, PBS launched a service called the Dial Access Communications System (DACS). DACS, considered a form of "electronic mail," allowed PBS and its stations to communicate with each other about private matters. On July 21, 1995, a new communications system, known as PBS Express, launched. PBS Express launched alongside DACS, which would be discontinued in 1996. Stations now communicate private matters via myPBS, launched in 2013, which is where stations are alerted to new program offers from PBS and other distributors, any schedule changes, or program availability changes.

1987: Controversy Surrounding Potential Use of VideoCipher II
During this time, PBS did not utilize any type of encryption on their feeds. However, beginning in mid-1987, PBS began to explore the possibility of encoding their feeds with VideoCipher II. With PBS planning to encode their feeds with VideoCipher II, home-dish viewers of PBS’s feeds began to voice concerns that PBS was preparing to encrypt their feeds. One of these viewers was named Diane Friedel Davis, who lived in St. Joe, Arkansas, a rural part of the state; she appeared before a congressional hearing on July 31, 1987, to discuss the recently proposed Satellite TV Fair Marketing Act. This act, as it relates to public broadcasting, stipulated, "No person shall encrypt or continue to encrypt satellite delivered Public Broadcasting Service programming intended for public viewing by retransmission by public broadcast stations." PBS had "serious reservations" about this and requested that this section be removed from the proposal. Michael E. Hobbs, the former Vice President of Policy and Planning for PBS, urged congress to remove this section. "We urge you to delete the section that prohibits PBS from scrambling: not because we want to scramble, but because the practical effect of that section would be to freeze public television in the backwater of an obsolescent technology, and deny real benefits to home dish owners and broadcast viewers alike," he said in a statement. In Diane’s statement, she echoed the sentiment felt by home-dish viewers at the time by expressing her worry about PBS potentially encrypting their signals. "PBS… [does] not have a right to scramble our public airwaves," she said in her statement. In a written statement, she said that using a satellite dish was the only way for her to receive television broadcasts because not only would a television antenna not receive a signal, but the local cable company was not willing to travel such a long distance to establish service. "If a satellite dish is the only way a person can receive that signal, then he/she should be allowed access," she said in her written statement. She continued, "There are the farmers, the elderly, the physically challenged, and millions of rural Americans who, for one reason or another, live in remote and isolated areas of this vast country. For them, television is their window. Should these people be denied their First Amendment rights just because they do not live in urban or suburban areas where a television signal is received over a standard VHF antenna?"

According to PBS during the July 1987 hearing, VideoCipher II would not be used for general encryption purposes, but rather more efficient stereo audio and the opportunity to add other audio services, such as Descriptive Video Service or a Secondary Audio Program. David Hobbs later explained more concerning the reasoning for using VideoCipher II. "We are planning to use that technology to install stereo audio capability system-wide, a dream that we have had in public television for 20 years. We are also working on the development of Descriptive Video Services for the blind, and multi-lingual audio tracks for the non-English-speakers in our audience." Utilizing VideoCipher II would also be cheaper for PBS and its stations; VideoCipher II decoders cost an average of $500 and could be easily found on the market. He also made clear that PBS’s proposal to use VideoCipher II did not mean eventual encryption. "We at PBS are proud to have worked vigorously since our earliest days to extend public television service to as many Americans as possible. …In keeping with that commitment, PBS has never scrambled any satellite transmission of our program service. We have not done so, and we have no plan to do so." In a later statement, he reaffirmed this point again by saying, "At the outset, I would like to say once again that PBS has no plans to encrypt its regular program transmissions." In April 1988, PBS began encoding programs with VideoCipher II. The feeds were usually broadcast in a "fixed key" mode (usually 0000), which allowed anyone with a VideoCipher II receiver to be able to receive these feeds. PBS, however, would encrypt the feeds anytime they aired what they referred to as "private communications," which include teleconferences and previews of programs that they haven't yet received broadcast rights for; all other programs remained unencrypted.

The use of VideoCipher II also created confusion among home-dish users who did not have a way to view content encoded with VideoCipher II since, "they have not been able to get reliable information as to the schedule for PBS's 'clear feeds.'" To combat this, PBS took several steps to accommodate these viewers: publishing schedules in satellite magazines, broadcasting nearly every "clear" program transmission on one transponder, broadcasting a slate showing a program schedule, creating an office to answer viewer questions, broadcasting an audio barker message to explain how to obtain a schedule, and sending viewers a monthly schedule of programs upon request.

1991–1997: The Third-Generation Interconnection System
In 1987, PBS, along with the Corporation for Public Broadcasting (CPB), approached Congress with a request upgrade the interconnection system. On March 15, 1988, Bruce L. Christensen, the President of PBS at the time, appeared before a Senate committee to discuss the proposed Public Telecommunications Act of 1988. "The satellite currently used by public television (Westar 4) will run out of fuel by mid-1991, which means that public television must find new satellite capacity," he said in a statement. "Faced with a failing satellite and deteriorating ground facilities, public television must acquire a new satellite distribution system if it is to continue its present services, let alone provide new opportunities for all Americans, in the future." The proposal, "authorizes an additional $200 million to be used over a three year period to replace the satellite interconnection system."

The Public Telecommunications Act of 1988 became law on November 7, 1988, guarantee funding for the upgrade of PBS’s interconnection system. This act included a provision stating that PBS must provide a "clear" feed of its programming to home-dish viewers who do not have a decoder. This act also created a committee to research and propose new plans regarding replacement of the satellite used for the interconnection system, known as the Public Television Interconnection Committee. The committee was made up of "designated representatives of the public stations". This committee approved a satellite replacement plan in December 1981, with PBS's board endorsing the plan. In this plan, PBS would continue to lease four C-band transponders starting in 1991, with the goal being to convert their satellite operations to Ku-band sometime in 1993 or 1994. In 1991, PBS purchased C-band transponder space on the Spacenet 1 satellite, owned by GTE, at orbital position 120°W. This move occurred on January 3, 1991. This began the third generation of PBS’s interconnection system. The system was guaranteed to last at least 15 years, until 2006. PBS later moved their feeds to a new satellite, Spacenet 4, at orbital position 101°W, on July 18, 1992.

The move to Spacenet 1 and, later, Spacenet 4 was only a temporary solution. In 1989, an agreement was reached with AT&T for PBS to purchase transponder space on a new satellite named Telstar 401, which wouldn’t launch until 1993. Six Ku-band transponders were purchased, but one C-band transponder was purchased; this C-band transponder was purchased to fulfill the "clear feed" requirement in the Public Telecommunication Act of 1988. This C-band feed was the "PBS-X" service. PBS’s primary reason for converting to a Ku-band system was to take advantage of "more advanced technical capabilities available on Ku-band transponders," such as increased transponder bandwidth and an increase in the number of services that could be provided. PBS also wanted to create an “educational neighborhood” on Telstar 401 where other public educational services, including PBS’s services, would be on the same satellite. PBS said that as many as 80 educational services would be provided via Telstar 401, allowing libraries, schools, and universities to access a multitude of programming on the same satellite. Telstar 401 launched on December 16, 1993. PBS moved to Telstar 401, at orbital position 97°W, on February 5, 1994, ending primary program distribution to affiliates via C-band. Telstar 402R, a satellite that launched to orbital position 89°W on September 24, 1995, would serve as a backup.

In 1994, with the launch of the Ku-Band feeds, PBS began testing DigiCipher I, the digital equivalent to VideoCipher. Initial tests proved to be successful, leading PBS to adopt DigiCipher I for all their services in August 1994. PBS had wanted to use the newest version of DigiCipher, known as DigiCipher II, but due to "delays in the adoption of MPEG-2," PBS said that they wouldn’t be able to utilize DigiCipher II until  "late 1995". Sometime in early 1996, PBS made the switch to DigiCipher II and, in the process, converted their services from analog to digital.

On January 11, 1997, at 6:15 a.m., Telstar 401 suffered a failure due to a coronal mass ejection. AT&T tried to re-establish contact with the satellite, but all attempts failed. To restore service, PBS temporarily moved their feeds to Telstar 402R (later Telstar 4). To prevent noticeable interruption to their service, PBS carried out a Satellite Service Recovery Plan. It took “less than 25 minutes” for PBS to switch service to Telstar 402R, preventing a severe disruption to their services.

1997–2006: The Fourth-Generation Interconnection System
The fourth generation of the interconnection system launched in 1997. In April, an agreement was made with GE Americom for PBS to purchase transponder space on GE-3, a satellite at orbital position 87W that launched on August 9, 1996. PBS moved to GE-3 in October 1997. The use of this satellite caused some trouble for areas outside too contiguous U.S., such as Alaska and the Caribbean islands, because these areas were outside the satellite’s footprint. To remedy this, PBS purchase one C-band transponder on another GE satellite, GE-1, which was at orbital position 131°W. There were not many major changes between the third and fourth generation interconnection systems.

2006–2018: The Fifth-Generation Interconnection System
In 2004, PBS published a proposal for the fifth generation of their interconnection system, known as the Next Generation Interconnection System (NGIS). PBS and the CPB expected the upgrade to cost $177 million. PBS had three reasons for upgrading the interconnection system, one of these being that their satellite contracts were scheduled to end on October 4, 2006. The current fourth generation interconnection system would be 15 years old in 2006; PBS said that this system "has run its course" and needed to be upgraded. Adding on to this, PBS wanted a new system that could fully support digital television. One other reason for the upgrade involved "[leveraging] new technologies to enhance efficiency and service to stations." PBS warned that the NGIS must be operational by October 4, 2016, otherwise, "PTV will be unable to function in its current form." One important aspect of the NGIS was that it would allow PBS to distribute programs in non-real time (NRT) by sending programs as digital video files to public television station by using a terrestrial Internet-based network. PBS said that the "vast majority" of programming would be sent via NRT distribution, a move away from the tape-based interconnection system currently in use. Files would be stored on "cache servers" at each public television station. Even with NRT program distribution, PBS was still committed to satellite distribution, but mainly reserved satellite distribution for live or near-live programs with a "short turnaround," such as A Capitol Fourth, Charlie Rose, and The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer; other programs besides these, such as children’s programming and other general prerecorded programs, would still be fed via satellite. The NGIS would also revolve heavily revolve around the Internet, allowing public television stations and PBS to contact each other more easily.

PBS stated within their report that the NGIS would lead to "increased efficiency" of the distribution or programs. According to PBS, "smaller, financially strained, rural market" stations would air a program as it was being fed via satellite; this was done to save costs. This method led to many "redundant national program feeds," with PBS saying that one program would be fed "as many as five times or more" in a single day. Some of these refeeds would also occur due to weather interfering with satellite reception or due to problems recording the program to tape. In 2001, PBS distributed nearly 120,000 hours of programming through their interconnection system; according to PBS, "all but 7,000 hours were repeated programming" feeds. By using NRT distribution, these redundant feeds would be greatly reduced. The NGIS would also save be cheaper to operate, with station expected to save between $50,000 and $250,000 ever year. PBS expected this system to last about 10 years. The NGIS would launch in October 2006. When the new system launched, PBS launched a transponder that would carry IP data via satellite; this would be the feed used for NRT program distribution. PBS also made the switch to DVB-S MPEG-2 when the new system was launched.

During planning for the NGIS, PBS considered seven different models for this interconnection system.

 * The first model would’ve continued the current operations of the fourth generation interconnection system, with all programming being fed via satellite. The number of transponders would decrease from seven to six. PBS eliminated this model from consideration because they claimed that this was no longer an adequate option due to advancements in digital television; NRT distribution was also not possible.

 * The second model was like the first model but would make use of a local "cache server" at the public television station. This model would have considerably decreased the number of transponders, going from seven to three. This model was eliminated for the same reasons as the first model.

 * The third model incorporated both satellite and terrestrial distribution, in addition to "terrestrial transaction management". PBS selected this model due to its "reasonable cost and low risk".

 * The fourth model would’ve reserved satellite distribution solely for real-time programming and terrestrial distribution solely for non-real time programming. This model was eliminated due to "high operational and implementation costs," with PBS saying the cost of this model would have been "double" that of the model selected for the NGIS.

 * The fifth model was like the first model, an all-satellite distribution system, but would’ve incorporated both Ku-band and Ka-band satellite. PBS said that there was "significant risk" with this model because, at the time, Ka-band technology was "untested," meaning they had no "proven business model" of a Ka-band system operating without trouble. At that time, Ka-band satellites for commercial use did not exist, not to mention that investment costs that covered the satellite’s lifespan could total up to $2 billion. PBS also didn’t think "any satellite communications company will base their operation on public broadcasting's business".

 * The sixth model would’ve created a terrestrial interconnection system that would’ve distributed all programs, both real-time and NRT. Satellite would continue to be used for "a small percentage of live and near-live programs," but terrestrial distribution would be the primary method of distribution. This model was eliminated due to "extremely high capital and operating costs," with this model expected to cost nearly three times the operating price of the current NGIS model. PBS noted that terrestrial distribution at this scale wasn’t yet possible, but said, "In the future, this model may provide significant opportunities."

 * The seventh model, the last to be considered, would use satellite to distribute live and near-live programs, but all other programs would be distributed to stations via "fixed media," such as DVDs. This method has similarities to the "bicycling tapes" system used by PBS before 1971 in that stations would receive a physical copy of programs, being DVDs in this case, through the mail, but these DVDs would not be sent to other stations after one station was finished broadcasting the program. This model was eliminated because it would have created "significant operational complexity" for the public television stations, in addition to there being an "extremely high operational cost and complexity and high risk."

In 2008, PBS switched to a new satellite, AMC-21, which would be in orbital position 125W. In October 2012, PBS began encoding their feeds in the DVB-S2 MPEG-4 codec, which they currently use.

2018–present: The Sixth-Generation Interconnection System
In June 2015, the CPB began to consider options for the sixth generation of PBS’s interconnection system, known at the time as "v6". To help consider their options, they commissioned the help of Cognizant Technology Solutions to come up with a new cost-effective solution to improve the Public Television Interconnection System. A report discussing the proposed model for the sixth generation of the interconnection system was published in November 2015. Included in this report were the results of interviews with twelve public television stations, who were chosen as a representative sample of all public television stations; these stations were asked about their satisfaction with the fifth generation interconnection system, the NGIS (referenced in the report, and hereafter, as "v5"). Two-thirds of interviewed stations, eight out the chosen twelve, expressed dissatisfaction with the current version of the interconnection system. Overall, according to these stations, the v5 system was able to "effectively" distribute live and near-live content, but as for NRT content, this was where the v5 system failed. NRT program feeds were not "reliable" nor were they "consistent," and because of this, there were "many" stations, according to the report, that did not "fully adopted v5"; two stations that were interviewed "did not use the v5 system at all". Indeed, the delivery of NRT content was the biggest problem with the v5 system, with 90% of stations (based on the representative sample size described earlier) agreeing that receiving NRT content was problematic. With that, Cognizant's recommendation was "that the system adopt a single interconnection system that is cloud-based, using mainly the public internet and an ecosystem of centralized master control service providers". The selected model would primarily utilize "a terrestrial fiber-based network," with satellite being used as a back-up. This system would decrease the number of transponders used by PBS from three to one. As part of this plan, PBS would switch their primary feeds back to the C-band spectrum beginning in March 2016; however, this transition never occurred. The primary plan was to transition linear program feeds via satellite, as well as programs fed via the NRT transponder, to the terrestrial-based system. One of the key benefits of the v6 system was that it would allow stations to send content to each other via FTP (File Transfer Protocol), allowing for P2P (peer-to-peer) sharing. By using an FTP client, all stations could easily send content to each other. However, stations could still receive physical media, such as tapes (usually HDCAM) and disks (usually XDCAM discs) “via courier service”. The v6 system also allowed for cloud-based storage of content instead of local storage, which allowed for a more efficient approach to storing and managing content, as well as the possibility for a "joint master control" operations. CPB expected this system to be completed and operational by May 2018. The CPB tasked Vigor Systems, Inc. with developing and deploying the new interconnection system. According to Vigor, this interconnection system is known as sIX ("six"), the official meaning being "Service Interconnection."

Transition away from satellite
Testing of sIX commenced in March 2018. With initial tests proving successful, PBS discontinued their NRT (non-real-time) file-based transponder on AMC-21, created as part of the NGIS interconnection system, sometime in Q4 2018. The goal was to move all linear-fed content to sIX in the near future. The rollout of sIX is occurring in several phases. Phase 1 involved phasing out the NRT file-based Ku-band transponder. Phase 2 began in 2020 and is currently ongoing, which according to a May 2021 report from the CPB, "considers future options for the delivery of linear and live content." The report says that later stages will be "defined as business and technology needs evolve." PBS has expressed that they will continue to lease transponder space for live and near-live programs, such as the PBS NewsHour; PBS will also continue to lease transponder space in the event their sIX system suddenly fails or experiences an outage. According to KNME (New Mexico PBS), "99% of Public Television Stations have successfully implemented sIX functionality".

As the transition to sIX has progressed, PBS began to shut down some of their NPS satellite distribution feeds. The first feed to shut down was PBS's SD01 feed, shutting down on September 5, 2016. Two years later, as previously mentioned, the NRT file-based transponder was shut down sometime near the end of 2018. On March 4, 2019, PBS's C-Band feed on SES-3 (103°W) was discontinued, leaving PBS with no active C-band transponders for the first time. On November 13, 2019, PBS discontinued their SD07 Ku-band feed on AMC-21, which was uplinked from SCETV in Columbia, South Carolina.

The transition to sIX accelerated in March 2021 when APT began to transition select programs off satellite and into the sIX system. In July 2021, programming from the NETA and APT migrated fully to sIX, ending distribution via satellite. Program uplinks from KNME, with the exception of Democracy Now!, also migrated to sIX. However, select programs from APT, such as Consuelo Mack Wealthtrack and GZERO World with Ian Bremmer continue to be fed via satellite on HD03. PBS themselves had also migrated many regular, non-news linear feeds to sIX, including feeds of pledge programs, which were last fed in May 2021. The only content left on their three (at the time) primary NPS HD distribution feeds, HD03, HD04, and HD05, was news and public affairs programming. On July 21, 2021, a few weeks after this transition, PBS decommissioned two more satellite feeds, SD05 and SD06, at 2:56 p.m. ET.

On January 20, 2023, PBS's main transponder on AMC-21 (which included HD01-HD03, HD06, SD02, SD04, and SD08) began simulcasting on Galaxy 16, a satellite at orbital position 99°W. On May 3, 2023, a ticker appeared on HD04 and HD05 alerting that both feeds would shut down on June 1, 2023, at 00:00 UTC (May 31, 2023, 8:00 p.m. ET); the ticker was later updated on May 25, 2023, with a new shutoff date of May 31, 2023, at 23:59:59 p.m. ET (11:59:59 p.m. ET). On May 31, 2023, at 11:58:52 p.m. ET, PBS completed the move to Galaxy 16. HD04 and HD05 were decommissioned at the same time.

Channels
The channels currently available via Ku-band satellite on Galaxy 16 at 99°W are listed below (Lyngsat).

 * Montana PBS (this transponder is independent of PBS's other feeds)
 * HD01 (PBS East)
 * HD02 (PBS West)
 * HD03 (NPS Feed)
 * HD06 (PBS Kids Channel)
 * SD02 (Create (TV network))
 * SD04 (World (TV network))
 * SD08 (FNX)

Discontinued Feeds:

 * HD04 (NPS Feed, SCPC) (December 10, 2008 - May 31, 2023)
 * HD05 (NPS Feed, SCPC) (June 2013 - May 31, 2023)
 * SD01 (NPS Feed) (December 9, 2008 - September 5, 2016)
 * SD03 (V-me) (December 9, 2008 - March 2017)
 * SD05 (NPS Feed, SCPC) (December 10, 2008 - July 21, 2021)
 * SD06 (NPS Feed, SCPC) (December 10, 2008 - July 21, 2021)
 * SD07 (NPS Feed, SCPC) (December 10, 2008 - November 13, 2019)

Overview of Past Services
Throughout much of their history on satellite, PBS utilized four transponders corresponding to a different "Schedule," namely 'Schedule A,' 'Schedule B,' 'Schedule C,' and 'Schedule D'. Another feed, Schedule E, launched in 1988. Also starting around 1988, PBS would begin displaying an on-screen schedule on their feeds; this was in response to confusion and concerns from home dish users concerning schedule availability. PBS would later drop this practice starting around 1996. On August 15, 1994, to coincide with an ongoing transition to digital, PBS launched nine new services to replace the former A, B, C, D, and E feeds, namely: 5A0, 5A5, 5B0, 5B5, 5B6, 6, 7L, 7U, and 8. Some of these services, such as Schedule 5A0 and 5A5, shared the same MCPC transponder. PBS utilized four transponders on Telstar 401 during this time, transponders 5-8. Transponder 5 was a digital transponder and was reserved for PBS full-time. Transponders 6-8 were analog and were shared transponders, meaning other educational services would utilize the transponders for a period during the day; however, PBS had full control over these transponders during weekends. In 1997, PBS would rename their feeds with the prefix "50-" (Schedule 501, 502, etc.). There were five primary NPS feeds, Schedules 501–505, in addition to three SCPC feeds, Schedules 511-513. Schedule 511 was the primary feed for APT content, in addition to other SD content; this service originated from CPTV in Hartford, CT, most of the time. Schedule 512 was reserved for regional uplinks and other SD content. Schedule 513 was the primary feed for NETA content and other SD content; this service originated from SC ETV in Columbia, SC, for most of the time. Schedule 505, based on available information, was decommissioned by PBS sometime in 2007. In 2004, PBS launched their DT2A feed. DT2A was the national feed for the then-new PBS HD channel At the beginning of 2008, PBS launched a new HD feed, DT3A. DT3A was the primary HD softfeed channel that was used to feed HD content to stations, such as HD broadcasts of the PBS NewsHour (then known as The NewsHour with Jim Lehrer).

During its operation, the PBS Adult Learning Service (ALS) fed programming via satellite, offering college telecourses and other adult education programs. When the service launched on August 29, 1981, feeds occurred on Schedule A during weekends. During weekdays from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 a.m. ET, ALS feeds were on Schedule D. During the digital transition in August 1994, ALS feeds moved to Schedule 7U. The feed times remained unchanged. With the launch of Schedule 503 in 1997, ALS feeds moved to this service. The ALS was most active during academic semesters, mainly during the Fall semester (August–December) and Spring semester (January–May), though there would be occasional “blockfeeds” (multiple episodes of one program, usually more than two episodes, fed in a row) during the months of June and July. In addition to PBS programs produced for the ALS, programs from Annenberg/CPB were also fed on this feed. The ALS was discontinued in September 2005.

In December 2008, with the transition to HD, PBS launched new feeds that would phase out and consolidate some of their existing SD feeds. SD01-SD04 launched on December 9, 2008, HD04 and SD05-SD07 launched on December 10, 2008, and HD01-HD03 launched on December 21, 2008, all launching at 6:00 a.m Eastern. Programming on HD04 began on December 21, 2008. Programming on SD01 began on February 11, 2009. SD01, SD03, SD05, SD06, and SD07 are now defunct. DT2A and DT3A were discontinued on December 21, 2008, at 6:00 a.m. Schedules 500 (PBS-X), 501–504, and 540 (PBS-XP) were discontinued on February 11, 2009.

SD01 was a new “softfeed” service and would serve as the main service to distribute PBS content produced in SD. Teleconferences and other SD content from other distributors would be on this service. A few services were renamed during this transition. Service 515, Create, was renamed SD02; Service 505, V-me, was renamed SD03; Service 506, World, was renamed SD04. In addition, SD05 would replace Schedule 511, SD06 would replace Schedule 512, and SD07 would replace Schedule 513. HD01 would become the main HD feed of PBS programming, becoming the PBS East feed. This service incorporated feeds from Schedule 500 (PBS-X), Schedule 501, and Schedule 502. PBS-X feeds that moved to HD01 included the weekend schedule of programs and “late night NPS repeats”. Feeds of kids programming during the weekday on Schedule 501 and primetime “ETZ” (Eastern Time Zone) feeds from Schedule 502 also moved to HD01. HD02 would be a three-hour delay of HD01, serving as the PBS West feed. Like HD01, primetime feeds from Schedule 502 would move here, but only the “PTZ” (Pacific Time Zone) feeds. Schedule 540 feeds (PBS-XP) moved to HD02. HD03 would become the main service used by PBS to distribute HD content to stations. This service would carry content such as “soft feeds,” promo reels (from PBS and APT), pledge feeds, preview feeds, and other distributor content, such as content from APT. HD04 would be the first HD SCPC feed. This service would have minimal content from PBS and would instead distribute content from other distributors, such as NETA, or other regional uplinks.

HD04 was utilized for affiliate uplinks and also included programs from the PBS NOC. This feed was the primary feed for NETA programming until July 2021, when all NETA programs moved to sIX. This feed was used solely for affiliate uplinks, with the exception of a few programs on HD05, usually from KNME. APT utilized this service to sometimes feed HD promo reels as well. Daily feeds on HD04 included four feeds of BBC News programming (two feeds of BBC World News, BBC World News Outside Source, and BBC World News America, with BBC World News Today airing weekly on Fridays), and six feeds of NHK Newsline originating from Connecticut Public Television. This feed shut down on May 31, 2023. The final feed was an 11:00 p.m ET airing of BBC News.

In June 2013, PBS launched their HD05 feed. HD05, like HD04, was occasionally uplinked from various sites as well as the PBS NOC. Pledge feeds were likely to be uplinked on this feed as well during pledge seasons until February 2021, when nearly all pledge feeds moved to HD03. Daily feeds on HD05 included two feeds of Democracy Now! (originating from KNME) and two feeds from DW (DW News and The Day). Weekly feeds included a feed of DW's Euromaxx on Tuesdays and a feed of White House Chronicle on Fridays. Other weekly feeds included a feed of Florida Crossroads on Monday and Capitol Update on Fridays and Saturdays (originating from WFSU), as well as two back-to-back feeds of Market to Market (originating from Iowa PBS). HD05 did serve as the feed reserved for live political events covered by the PBS NewsHour. These broadcasts were originally fed on SD05 until the feed was shut down on July 21, 2021. This feed shut down on May 31, 2023. The final feed was a 4:30 p.m ET airing of DW's The Day.

The newest feed to be launched by PBS was their HD06 feed in October 2016, airing only a test pattern. This feed was reserved for the PBS Kids channel, which launched in January 2017.

Current services
The PBS Satellite Service is freely and nationally available from the designated Ku-band broadcast satellites using free-to-air satellite dishes as small as 30 inches. Before PBS's transition to their new interconnection system in July 2021, the three (at the time) 'Schedule' feeds (HD03, HD04, HD05) used to broadcast different programs at various times throughout the day, with weekends and late night hours usually having no feeds. Some program feeds were only temporary and were usually not consistent. PBS would usually feed programs a few days to as long as a few weeks in advance. The former SD05 and SD06 feeds were rarely utilized, usually showing a test pattern for the whole day, though SD05 would occasionally show live feeds of major political events, such as confirmation hearings for new Supreme Court justices and, more recently, the entirety of the first and second impeachment trials of former President Donald Trump. SD05 (and sometimes SD06) was also used for host teleconferences from APT.

When no program is being fed, the channels would broadcast a slate displaying the name (e.g. Schedule HD03) and the time & date (both Eastern and Pacific time are shown).

HD03 is uplinked from the PBS NOC 24/7 and was the sole feed for PBS programs before the transition to sIX. This feed was also the primary feed for a majority of programs from APT until July 2021, when all APT programs moved to sIX. This feed mostly included soft feeds, pre-feeds, and until January 2020, promo reels (which have moved to PBS Source, which is where promos and other promotional material are hosted). Daily feeds on HD03 include East and West feeds of PBS NewsHour (including two feeds of PBS NewsHour Weekend during the weekend) and one feed of Amanpour & Company every weekday. The service is also used to feed repackaged versions (usually versions with synchronized captions and "Previously Recorded" logos) of live programs such as the National Memorial Day Concert and A Capitol Fourth.

Various videos of the service

 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=phF2IsbBt84 (Schedule B, May 10, 1990; electronic programming guide showing a schedule for part of the current day's programs)
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-S80WKV67sY (Schedule B, March 17, 1992; EPG showing the day's programs)
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gTvdHsI3VzY (PBS-X, 1994; PBS ident with a schedule of programs and a looped text message reading, "On this transponder, you'll find programs from the PBS National Program Service and programs from other Public TV distributors as well.")
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y0peKirF1SI (PBS-X, 1995; 5-second ident saying, "You're watching PBS. Viewer supported public television.")
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9K6YiPSEsvU (2001; During 9/11 The NewsHour With Jim Lehrer credits before PBS Kids)
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MwiCfrngm-Q (HD01, 2018; PBS Promos before Mister Rogers' Neighborhood)
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gE1mmx8US8A (Schedule SD01, July 1, 2016)
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ps9w_Q8POfo (Schedule HD03, July 6, 2016; Test Pattern and slate before Charlie Rose; this is the current layout.)
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7bdGQL4FPj4 (Schedule HD04, June 16, 2021; Test pattern and slate before BBC World News America.)
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JdhbQeb8L0A (Schedule HD05, August 31, 2020; Test pattern and slate before a pledge program, titled Ken Burns: The Civil War.)
 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TO7saQEQDTE (HD04/HD05 shutdown notice with a scrolling ticker at the bottom, May 3, 2023.)

title: PBS Satellite Service


text:
Television in Chile

Television is one of the major mass media of Chile. It was introduced in 1957.

There are 63 broadcast stations throughout the country (plus 121 repeaters) (1997). The broadcast television system used is NTSC.

The primary regulator of television content is the National Television Council (CNTV). The technical aspects are regulated by the Ministry of Transportation and Telecommunications, through the Undersecretariat of Telecommunications (Subtel).

History
The first television transmission in Chile took place on October 5, 1957, from the Catholic University of Valparaíso's main campus, giving birth to UCV, the country's first television channel. Two years later, on August 21, 1959, the Catholic University of Chile made an experimental transmission between its main campus and the El Mercurio newspaper headquarters, both in Santiago's downtown, inaugurating the country's second channel, Canal 13, occupying frequency 2 for a few years (now 13).

Color television debuted on February 6, 1978. By the year 2000, there were about 800,000 pay television (cable and satellite) subscribers in the country, which then had a population of 15 million people.

Analog terrestrial signals will be turned off on April 15, 2024, per a 2019 decision.

Users
According to the 2002 census, 87% of Chilean households had at least one color television set. According to a November–December 2011 nationwide poll by CEP, 88.6% of Chilean households had at least one color television set, 0.9% didn't and 10.5% did not answer. Sixty percent of those households that said they owned at least one color TV set also said they had cable or satellite television.

Cable/satellite television
In Chile, there are 1,138,718 cable television subscribers (55.3%) and 921,490 satellite television subscribers (44.7%) as of September 2011. The household penetration rate for cable and satellite television stands at 40.4% as of September 2011.

Digital television
In late October 2008, the President submitted a bill to Congress detailing the legal framework for DTTV broadcasting in the country, but without defining which standard would be used.)

On 14 September 2009, Chile announced its decision to adopt the Japanese / Brazilian standard ISDB-T International with MPEG-4 for digital terrestrial television, joining Brazil, Argentina and Peru. The analog switchoff was scheduled for 2019. Chile had delayed its decision on which digital terrestrial television standard to adopt. As of 2021, a new schedule has been set for 2024

TVN, Chile's state-owned channel, has made digital terrestrial television broadcast tests since 1999. Canal 13 has been doing so since 2007 in Santiago only, transmitting in three DTV formats (ATSC, DVB and ISDB). In Valparaiso, UCV TV was to start in June 2010 demonstrative ISDB-Tb broadcasting for the Valparaíso/Viña del Mar area, using an 800 watts transmitter.

HDTV-ready television sets are widely sold in Chile, and cable and satellite television companies transmit limited HD content to its subscribers (27 HD channels in VTR (2 national-free, 4 Premiums, 21 basic), the country's largest cable TV provider).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Television in Chile


text:
User:WBardwin/todolist

The Great Plague of London - done 22 April 2005.
Clay artist articles needed: Ray Finch MBE,  Sid Tustin, Michael Casson, Gwyn Hansen Pigott, master potter Kaneshige Toyo

title: User:WBardwin/todolist


text:
Reedham railway station (Norfolk)

Reedham railway station is a stop on the Wherry Lines in the East of England, serving the village of Reedham, Norfolk. It is 12 mi down the line from Norwich; it is situated between Cantley to the west and, to the east, Berney Arms on the branch to Great Yarmouth or Haddiscoe on the branch to Lowestoft. It is commonly suffixed as Reedham (Norfolk) in order to distinguish it from the station of the same name in south London. Its three-letter station code is REE.

The station is currently managed by Greater Anglia, which also operates all trains serving the station. The majority of services run between Norwich and Lowestoft, but three trains per day run to and from Great Yarmouth via the remote Berney Arms station. Services are operated by the brand new Stadler FLIRT Class 755 bi-mode multiple units, which entered service on the Wherry Lines in autumn 2019.

History
The Bill for the Yarmouth & Norwich Railway (Y&NR) received Royal Assent on 18 June 1842. Work started on the line in April 1843 and the line and its stations were opened on 1 May 1844. Reedham station opened with the line and was, as it is now, situated east of Cantley station and west of Berney Arms station. The Y&NR was the first public railway line in Norfolk. On 30 June 1845 a Bill authorising the amalgamation of the Y&NR with the Norwich & Brandon Railway came into effect and Reedham station became a Norfolk Railway asset.

In 1845 an Act incorporated the Lowestoft Railway & Harbour Company (LR&HC). In 1846 the LR&HC was leased to the Norfolk Railway (NR) and work started on building a line from Lowestoft, in Suffolk to join the Yarmouth & Norwich line South-East of Reedham. On 1 July 1847 the NR opens the Lowestoft to Reedham line. The station south-east of Reedham on the line to Lowestoft was Haddiscoe.

A couple of months after the Lowestoft line opened, the next station west, Cantley, was closed by the Norfolk Railway.

The Eastern Counties Railway (ECR) and its rival the Eastern Union Railway (EUR) were both sizing up the NR to acquire and expand their railway empire. The ECR trumped the EUR by taking over the NR, including Reedham Station on 8 May 1848.

The ECR reopened Cantley in 1851, once again making it the next station west.

By the 1860s the railways in East Anglia were in financial trouble, and most were leased to the Eastern Counties Railway, which wished to amalgamate formally but could not obtain government agreement for this until an Act of Parliament on 7 August 1862, when the Great Eastern Railway (GER) was formed by the amalgamation. Actually, Reedham became a GER station on 1 July 1862 when the GER took over the ECR and the EUR before the Bill received the Royal Assent.

By the first decade of the last Century the GER started building new stations at Reedham and at Haddiscoe. On 9 May 1904 Haddiscoe Station was closed and replaced by Haddiscoe Low Level on a new site. On 1 June 1904 the GER opened today's Reedham Station and closed the Y&NR station which was 300 metres East of the new station.

The system settled down for the next 17 years, apart from the disruption of the First World War. The difficult economic circumstances that existed after the war led the Government to pass the Railways Act 1921, which led to the creation of the Big Four. The GER amalgamated with several other companies to form the London and North Eastern Railway (LNER). Reedham became a LNER station on 1 January 1923.

In 1928 the LNER renamed Reedham as Reedham (Norfolk) to distinguish it from the Southern Railway) station of Reedham-Surrey.

At nationalisation in 1948, the station and its services were transferred to the Eastern Region of British Railways.

Following the privatisation of British Rail, Railtrack became responsible for infrastructure maintenance in 1994. Following Railtrack's financial problems Network Rail took over operation of the infrastructure in 2002.

The station and its operations came under the Anglia Railways franchise in 1997. Subsequently, National Express East Anglia, then known as One, took over management in 2004.

The station, along with its services, were transferred to Abellio Greater Anglia in 2012.

In October 2018, Network Rail remodelled the Reedham Junction layout and begun the resignalling process, temporarily closing the Berney Arms line to Great Yarmouth. It reopened on 24 February 2020.

Services
The typical daytime off-peak service at Reedham is:
 * One train every two hours in each direction between Lowestoft and Norwich, with some additional services during the day
 * Two trains per day in each direction between Great Yarmouth and Norwich; there is an additional return service on Saturdays.

On Sundays, there are hourly services to and from Norwich, with eastbound services alternating to Great Yarmouth and Lowestoft.

All trains are operated by Greater Anglia.

title: Reedham railway station (Norfolk)


text:
User:GRider/Schoolwatch/Archive

'This is an archive of school-related articles which were previously listed on Schoolwatch. Please do not edit this page.'

March 2005

 * Added 24 Mar 2005: Saklan Valley School (vfd) - An accredited California school founded in 1954.
 * Added 27 Mar 2005: Oak Hills High School (vfd) - Established in 1954, this schools gymnasium was used to shoot Nike commercials.
 * Added 30 Mar 2005: Coppell High School (vfd) - Cited as one of "America's Best Schools" by Newsweek.
 * Added 29 Mar 2005: David Star Jordan Middle School -- Middle School in Palo Alto, California, named after a Stanford University president.
 * Added 31 Mar 2005: Irwin Altman Middle School (vfd) - Middle school located in Queens, New York.

April 2005

 * Added 5 Apr 2005: Elanguest language school (vfd) - Language school off the island of Malta, teaches students from Russia and European countries abroad.
 * Added 10 Apr 2005: St. Joseph's Secondary School (vfd) - Catholic school located in Mississauga, Ontario.
 * Added 11 Apr 2005: Westview High School (Beaverton) -- Beaverton, Oregon school, founded in 1994, offers classes with Portland State University.
 * Added 11 Apr 2005: Southridge High School -- In 2004, President George W. Bush spoke at the school.
 * Added 11 Apr 2005: Sunset High School (Portland) -- Offers the International Baccalaureate program in lieu of AP classes.
 * Added 14 Apr 2005: Charter School of Wilmington (vfd) -- One of the first charter schools in the United States.
 * Added 14 Apr 2005: Yu Cai Middle School -- Experimental Chinese school, notable alumnus Li Peng.
 * Added 15 Apr 2005: St. Louis School, Hong Kong -- Historical English-language Catholic school founded in 1864.
 * Added 15 Apr 2005: St. Stephens High School (vfd) - A top 10% school in North Carolina.
 * Added 16 Apr 2005: William P. Clements High School (vfd)-- Sugar Land, Texas high school, named after former governor.  Founded in 1983.
 * Added 17 Apr 2005: Metropolitan School District of Perry Township (vfd)-- An entire school district which serves a township within Indianapolis, Indiana.
 * Added 17 Apr 2005: Framingham High School (vfd)-- On October 20, 1994, President Bill Clinton signed the Improving America's Schools Act (IASA) inside the school's gymnasium.
 * Added 19 Apr 2005: Claremont School of Theology (vfd) -- A graduate school located in Claremont, California.
 * Added 19 Apr 2005: The Crescent School (vfd) private all-boys school in Toronto that has frequently topped the list of best private schools in Canada.
 * Added 20 Apr 2005: Bishop Wordsworth's School -- Bishop teacher wrote the novel Lord of the Flies and won Nobel Prize for literature.
 * Added 20 Apr 2005: Perins Community School (vfd) -- A British secondary school which has been granted special sports college status.
 * Added 21 Apr 2005: Clover Park High School (vfd)-- High school in Lakewood, Washington, possibly renowned for violence.
 * Added 22 Apr 2005: Genki Japanese and Culture School (vfd)-- -- Japanese language school in Fukuoka City, Japan.
 * Added 23 Apr 2005: Clonkeen College (vfd)-- -- Catholic school located in Blackrock, Dublin.
 * Added 28 Apr 2005: Abbot Beyne School (vfd)--
 * Added 29 Apr 2005: The Prairie School (vfd)--
 * Added 30 Apr 2005: Vestavia Hills High School (vfd)--

May 2005

 * Added 3 May 2005: Grahm Junior College (vfd)
 * Added 3 May 2005: Pedare Christian College (vfd)
 * Added 7 May 2005: College of Richard Collyer (vfd)
 * Added 8 May 2005: Archbishop Williams High School (vfd)
 * Added 15 May 2005: Archbishop Chapelle High School
 * Added 15 May 2005: Anfield Community Comprehensive School
 * Added 15 May 2005: Addison School Addison School is an elementary school located in Palo Alto, California. It serves kindergarten through fifth grade.
 * Added 15 May 2005: Winter Springs High School
 * Added 15 May 2005: Academic Magnet High School
 * Added 15 May 2005: Algonquin Regional High School
 * Added 15 May 2005: All Saints' Academy A private school of 350 students from kindergarten to grade seven.
 * Added 15 May 2005: Maha Jana High School (2nd nomination)
 * An Indian high school used as a polling station for elections in Tamil Nadu. This school originally survived VfD with Keep. Speedy deleted by Mel Etitis on April 16 2005.  After winning a VfU it was presented for VfD again.

 * Added 15 May 2005: Bel Air High School
 * Added 16 May 2005: Barrington High School
 * Added 16 May 2005: Bel Air Middle School
 * Added 16 May 2005: Bellemoor School
 * Added 16 May 2005: Bergen County Academies
 * Added 16 May 2005: Berkeley Carroll School
 * Added 16 May 2005: Bishop Kearney Field
 * Added 16 May 2005: Bishop Quinn High School
 * Added 16 May 2005: Brassall State Primary School
 * Added 16 May 2005: Buffalo Grove High School
 * Added 16 May 2005: Ashley Hall only girls' college-preparatory school in its state.
 * Added 17 May 2005: Saddleback High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Canyon Crest Academy (2nd nomination)
 * Added 17 May 2005: Dwight-Englewood School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Cypress Falls High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Cy-Fair High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Cupertino High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Collingwood School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Claude Watson School for the Arts
 * Added 17 May 2005: Clairemont High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Chung Ling High School, Butterworth
 * Added 17 May 2005: Christian Liberty Academy
 * Added 17 May 2005: Centennial High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Charleston County School of the Arts
 * Added 17 May 2005: Cathedral High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Carmel High School (Carmel, California)
 * Added 17 May 2005: Calvin Christian School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Cairns Christian College -- University
 * Added 17 May 2005: Davenies School, Beaconsfield moved to Davenies (its common name)
 * Added 17 May 2005: De Shalit high school -- Israeli High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Deerfield Beach High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Detroit Catholic Central High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Dwight-Englewood School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Duveneck School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Dr Challoner's High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Durham Academy
 * Added 17 May 2005: Evergreen High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Essex High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Elk Grove High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Episcopal School of Dallas
 * Added 17 May 2005: Emmanuel christian academy
 * Added 17 May 2005: Francis Tuttle
 * Added 17 May 2005: Fox Lane High School (2nd nomination)
 * Added 17 May 2005: Fairmeadow School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Forcey Christian Middle School
 * Added 17 May 2005: George S. Parker High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Grace Christian Academy
 * Added 17 May 2005: Grosse Pointe North High School
 * Added 17 May 2005: Guilford Young College
 * Added 17 May 2005: Cao Yang Middle School
 * Added 20 May 2005: Technology High School
 * Added 21 May 2005: Compton High School (vfd)
 * Added 23 May 2005: Mount Tabor High School
 * Added 23 May 2005: Princeton High School
 * Added 25 May 2005: Brearley School
 * Added 26 May 2005: Hindu University of America
 * Added 26 May 2005: Ashtree Primary School
 * Added 26 May 2005: Bellevue West High School (2nd nomination)
 * Added 26 May 2005: Toronto Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology
 * Added 27 May 2005: Baptist Lui Ming Choi Secondary School
 * Added 27 May 2005: Hingham Middle School
 * Added 27 May 2005: Coombe Dean School
 * Added 29 May 2005: Jannali East Public School
 * Added 31 May 2005: Fairfield High School, Sydney

June 2005

 * Added 2 June 2005: Edison High School, Huntington Beach
 * Added 3 June 2005: The Bulmershe School
 * Added 3 June 2005: Little Heath School
 * Added 3 June 2005: Permian High School
 * Added 4 June 2005: Lists of high schools in the United States (2nd nomination)
 * Added 4 June 2005: Alfred Elementary School
 * Added 4 June 2005: Clockhouse Primary school
 * Added 4 June 2005: Glory Farm Primary School
 * Added 4 June 2005: Kathy Caraway Elementary School
 * Added 4 June 2005: Mayflower Primary School
 * Added 6 June 2005: Clear creek high school
 * Added 6 June 2005: Tualatin High School
 * Added 7 June 2005: Moody Middle School
 * Added 8 June 2005: Orleans Infants School
 * Added 8 June 2005: River Oaks Elementary School
 * Added 8 June 2005: Arland D. Williams Jr. Elementary School
 * Added 8 June 2005: St. Stephen's School, Twickenham
 * Added 8 June 2005: Orleans Park School
 * Added 8 June 2005: Middlesex school
 * Added 8 June 2005: Robinson School
 * Added 10 June 2005: Saint Andrew's Junior School
 * Added 10 June 2005: Marshall Middle School
 * Added 10 June 2005: Holymead Junior school
 * Added 10 June 2005: Clockhouse Junior School
 * Added 16 June 2005: Brandon School (GUSD)
 * Added 16 June 2005: Finaghy primary school
 * Added 16 June 2005: Upper Darby High School (UDHS)
 * Added 22 June 2005: Union School District, San Jose
 * Added 23 June 2005: Dunlop Public School
 * Added 23 June 2005: Leon Goldstein High School for Sciences
 * Added 24 June 2005: Nautilus Middle School
 * Added 24 June 2005: Wharton County Junior College
 * Added 30 June 2005: Greenbank Middle School
 * Added 30 June 2005: Leander High School

July 2005

 * Added 1 July 2005: Science High School
 * Added 2 July 2005: Barret Traditional Middle School
 * Added 3 July 2005: St. Andrew's School Brunei
 * Added 6 July 2005: West Vancouver Secondary School
 * Added 7 July 2005: Pottsville High School
 * Added 7 July 2005: School articles needing evaluation
 * Added 10 July 2005: Reddish Vale Technology College
 * Added 10 July 2005: Richfield Senior High School
 * Added 10 July 2005: Richview Collegiate Institute
 * Added 14 July 2005: Chase Bridge Primary School
 * Added 14 July 2005: Hornby High School
 * Added 16 July 2005: Southeast Raleigh Magnet High School
 * Added 19 July 2005: St. John's College High School
 * Added 19 July 2005: Waldegrave School for Girls
 * Added 19 July 2005: Whitney High School, Cerritos, California
 * Added 19 July 2005: Woodham High School
 * Added 21 July 2005: Template:Cleanup-school
 * Added 21 July 2005: Jeppe High School for Boys
 * Added 21 July 2005: Sunshine Coast Grammar School
 * Added 24 July 2005: Gwinnett County Public Schools
 * Added 24 July 2005: Salpointe Catholic High School
 * Added 25 July 2005: Kamuzu Academy
 * Added 27 July 2005: North Sydney Girls High School
 * Added 28 July 2005: Kulachi Hansraj Model School
 * Added 31 July 2005: Maurice Hawk Elementary School

August 2005

 * Added 1 August 2005: Butler School
 * Added 2 August 2005: Andover Elementary School
 * Added 3 August 2005: Kew School
 * Added 3 August 2005: King Middle School
 * Added 5 August 2005: Portland High School, Portland, Maine
 * Added 5 August 2005: Sacred Heart School, Halifax, Nova Scotia
 * Added 7 August 2005: Charlotte High School, Charlotte, Michigan
 * Added 7 August 2005: Millburn School, Wadsworth, Illinois
 * Added 7 August 2005: St. Catherine's School, Twickenham
 * Added 9 August 2005: Juanita High School
 * Added 9 August 2005: Duveneck School
 * Added 10 August 2005: Palo Alto Montessori School
 * Added 14 August 2005: Jesuit High School, Portland, Oregon
 * Added 15 August 2005: Widdifield Secondary School
 * Added 18 August 2005: North Olmsted High School
 * Added 29 August 2005: Gleneagle Secondary School
 * Added 30 August 2005: Netivot Hatorah Day School
 * Added 30 August 2005: York Hill Elementary School
 * Added 30 August 2005: Court Moor School
 * Added 31 August 2005: Fordson High School
 * Added 31 August 2005: Townsville Primary School

September 2005

 * Added 1 September 2005: Collis P. Huntington High School
 * Added 2 September 2005: Windsor North School
 * Added 3 September 2005: Benjamin Cory Elementary School
 * Added 3 September 2005: Jews' Free School
 * Added 3 September 2005: The Chase (school)
 * Added 4 September 2005: Lake Ridge Academy
 * Added 6 September 2005: Image:Benjamin Cory Elementary School billboard.jpg (IfD)
 * Added 6 September 2005: Woodstock Elementary School
 * Added 8 September 2005: Bartlett High School, Bartlett, Illinois
 * Added 8 September 2005: Westbrook School
 * Added 10 September 2005: Calvary Christian High School, Clearwater, Florida
 * Added 10 September 2005: K. P. Manson Public School
 * Added 13 September 2005: Edge Hill State School
 * Added 13 September 2005: St Anthony's Primary, Dimbulah
 * Added 14 September 2005: Instituto de empresa
 * Added 16 September 2005: Hurstpierpoint College
 * Added 16 September 2005: Manila Waldorf School
 * Added 16 September 2005: Saint Michael's School (Cranford, New Jersey)
 * Added 18 September 2005: Crescent Park Elementary School
 * Added 20 September 2005: Cascade High School
 * Added 20 September 2005: Greenview Secondary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Cromer High School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Nautilus Middle School (2nd nomination)
 * Added 21 September 2005: Ada Merrit Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Air Base Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Amelia Earhart Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Arcola Lake Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Auburndale Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Avocado Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Hialeah Gardens Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Madie Ives Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Twin Lakes Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Van E. Blanton Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Village Green Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Virginia A. Boone/Highland Oaks Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: W.J. Bryan Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Wesley Matthews Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: West Homestead Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: West Laboratory Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Whispering Pines Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: William A. Chapman Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: William Lehman Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Winston Park Elementary School
 * Added 21 September 2005: Zora Neale Hurston Elementary School
 * Added 22 September 2005: Venado Middle School
 * Added 22 September 2005: New Providence High School
 * Added 22 September 2005: St. George's College
 * Added 22 September 2005: Notre Dame College, Dhaka
 * Added 22 September 2005: Gracey (Leontine) Elementary School
 * Added 23 September 2005: South African School of Motion Picture Medium and Live Performance
 * Added 23 September 2005: Henley Management College, South Africa
 * Added 23 September 2005: Tredington Community Primary School
 * Added 23 September 2005: Postipuu School
 * Added 23 September 2005: Clementi Primary School
 * Added 23 September 2005: Zhenghua Primary School
 * Added 23 September 2005: Lingnan Primary School
 * Added 23 September 2005: Ronald W Reagan Doral High School
 * Added 24 September 2005: Fjellstrand skole
 * Added 28 September 2005: Benjamin Logan Local School District
 * Added 29 September 2005: Brown school
 * Added 29 September 2005: St. John's Military School
 * Added 30 September 2005: St. Anne School (Seattle, Washington)

October 2005

 * Added 1 October 2005: Rochester Community Schools
 * Added 1 October 2005: Chester County High School
 * Added 2 October 2005: Clayton High School
 * Added 3 October 2005: Annie L. Gaetz School (Red Deer, Alberta)
 * Added 5 October 2005: Apeejay Public School
 * Added 5 October 2005: Lee High School
 * Added 5 October 2005: List of schools for gifted children
 * Added 6 October 2005: William B. Travis Academy/Vanguard for the Academically Talented and Gifted
 * Added 6 October 2005: Ashwood University
 * Added 6 October 2005: Ghiyasuddin School
 * Added 6 October 2005: Lake Zurich High School (Lake Zurich, Illinois)
 * Added 7 October 2005: Niles North High School
 * Added 7 October 2005: Nokomis Regional High School
 * Added 9 October 2005: Shepton High School
 * Added 10 October 2005: St. Colman's College
 * Added 10 October 2005: The Park School of Buffalo
 * Added 10 October 2005: White Oaks Secondary School
 * Added 11 October 2005: President Kennedy School and Community College
 * Added 11 October 2005: Universidad Nacional del Callao
 * Added 13 October 2005: Bel Air Middle School
 * Added 14 October 2005: King's College (Taunton)
 * Added 16 October 2005: Light Christian Academy
 * Added 18 October 2005: Balwyn High School
 * Added 19 October 2005: Rollings Middle School
 * Added 19 October 2005: Hillfield-Strathallan College
 * Added 19 October 2005: Bluevale Collegiate Institute
 * Added 19 October 2005: Chepstow School
 * Added 20 October 2005: Helen Keller Junior High School (Schaumburg, Illinois)
 * Added 20 October 2005: Selma Middle School
 * Added 22 October 2005: Academia del Perpetuo Socorro
 * Added 22 October 2005: Neumont University
 * Added 22 October 2005: Straightway School
 * Added 23 October 2005: Maryville Middle School
 * Added 23 October 2005: St. Pius Gymnasium
 * Added 26 October 2005: Bayonne High School
 * Added 26 October 2005: Grove School (Madison, Connecticut)
 * Added 26 October 2005: Summit Middle School
 * Added 26 October 2005: Horace Mann Elementary School
 * Added 27 October 2005: S paul academy (redirected)
 * Added 27 October 2005: Family Altar Christian School
 * Added 28 October 2005: Mounds Park Academy
 * Added 28 October 2005: Francophone Institute for Computer Science
 * Added 30 October 2005: Indian Institute of Management Calcutta
 * Added 30 October 2005: Miami Beach High School

November 2005

 * Added 1 November 2005: Downingtown Area School District
 * Added 1 November 2005: Dowling Catholic High School
 * Added 2 November 2005: Head Royce School (redirected)
 * Added 2 November 2005: Terril Middle School (redirected)
 * Added 2 November 2005: Whitman Middle School
 * Added 3 November 2005: Saint Andrew's School (Saratoga, California)
 * Added 4 November 2005: Bret Harte Middle School
 * Added 4 November 2005: Indian Institute of Management Lucknow
 * Added 5 November 2005: Caldicot Comprehensive School
 * Added 5 November 2005: Xinmin Secondary School
 * Added 8 November 2005: A. Y. Jackson Secondary School
 * Added 8 November 2005: Odle Middle School
 * Added 8 November 2005: The Armidale School
 * Added 10 November 2005: Highland Hills Middle School
 * Added 10 November 2005: Laurel Mountain Elementary School
 * Added 10 November 2005: Overstone Combined School
 * Added 10 November 2005: St. Austin Catholic School
 * Added 11 November 2005: The English School
 * Added 12 November 2005: Hatboro-Horsham High School
 * Added 12 November 2005: James Rickards High School
 * Added 12 November 2005: Universidad Cayetano Heredia
 * Added 12 November 2005: Vilamoura International School
 * Added 14 November 2005: Colins performing arts school
 * Added 14 November 2005: Ereğli TED Koleji
 * Added 16 November 2005: Southern Taiwan University of Technology (copyvio deleted, rewrite kept)
 * Added 16 November 2005: St. Stephens High School, Hickory, North Carolina
 * Added 16 November 2005: Mt. Ararat Middle School (Topsham, Maine)
 * Added 16 November 2005: Bishop Eustace Preparatory School
 * Added 17 November 2005: Louisiana Baptist University
 * Added 19 November 2005: Fred P. Hall Elementary School
 * Added 19 November 2005: The Compton Scool (redirected)
 * Added 21 November 2005: Kehkshan School- A project of City School (non-verifiable)
 * Added 29 November 2005: Birchview Elementary School (Plymouth, Minnesota)
 * Added 29 November 2005: Camberwell Grammar School
 * Added 30 November 2005: Bishop of Llandaff Church in Wales High School
 * Added 30 November 2005: David M. Zimmerman Elementary School (hoax)
 * Added 30 November 2005: Friday Harbor High School

December 2005

 * Added 1 December 2005: Turramurra High School
 * Added 2 December 2005: Centennial High School (Ellicott City, Maryland)
 * Added 2 December 2005: Prepa Tec Campus Santa Catarina
 * Added 2 December 2005: William Cullen Bryant High School
 * Added 4 December 2005: Loyola Elementary School
 * Added 5 December 2005: Cab Calloway School of the Arts
 * Added 5 December 2005: Lefler Middle School
 * Added 5 December 2005: Lux Middle School
 * Added 5 December 2005: Irving Middle School
 * Added 5 December 2005: Mickle Middle School
 * Added 5 December 2005: Udyogamandal School
 * Added 8 December 2005: Dulaney High School
 * Added 10 December 2005: Garfield High School (New Jersey)
 * Added 10 December 2005: Lowell High School (Lowell, Massachusetts)
 * Added 15 December 2005: Matoaca High School
 * Added 16 December 2005: Ashland High School (Ohio)
 * Added 16 December 2005: Highland High School (New Jersey)
 * Added 17 December 2005: Fern Ridge High School
 * Added 17 December 2005: Stuarts Draft High School
 * Added 17 December 2005: Wilmington Friends School
 * Added 18 December 2005: Caroline Chisholm High School
 * Added 19 December 2005: Quartz Hill High School
 * Added 20 December 2005: Walkill Valley Regional High School
 * Added 21 December 2005: Maywood Avenue School
 * Added 25 December 2005: Rasor Elementary School
 * Added 26 December 2005: Kwekwe High School
 * Added 28 December 2005: Horace Mann Elementary School (Oak Park, Illinois)
 * Added 29 December 2005: Wilsonville High School
 * Added 31 December 2005: Narwee High School

January 2006

 * Added 1 January 2006: The Gap State High School
 * Added 2 January 2006: Greek Secondary School of London
 * Added 2 January 2006: Wisbech Grammar School
 * Added 3 January 2006: Genius Home Collegiate School (1st nomination)
 * Added 3 January 2006: Winnacunnet High School
 * Added 5 January 2006: Tawhid Boys School (London)
 * Added 6 January 2006: Armona Union School District
 * Added 6 January 2006: Brisbane Grammar School
 * Added 6 January 2006: DeWitt Clinton High School
 * Added 14 January 2006: Bridlewood Community Elementary School
 * Added 15 January 2006: Xiamen International School
 * Added 17 January 2006: Genius Home Collegiate School (unverifiable)
 * Added 18 January 2006: Horseheads High School
 * Added 19 January 2006: Dominion High School
 * Added 19 January 2006: Jericho High School
 * Added 19 January 2006: Moe High School
 * Added 20 January 2006: Elliott durham school (reason: nonsense)
 * Added 21 January 2006: La Quinta High School
 * Added 22 January 2006: Institute of Business Administration and Training
 * Added 22 January 2006: LearnNet
 * Added 24 January 2006: Mater Dei High School (Evansville)
 * Added 25 January 2006: Excel High School - www.excelhighschool.com (reason: copyright violation)
 * Added 26 January 2006: List of schools in China (reason: unmaintainable list)
 * Added 27 January 2006: Stella K Abraham High School for Girls
 * Added 29 January 2006: Irving Elementary School
 * Added 30 January 2006: Bethlehem College, Ashfield
 * Added 31 January 2006: West Seattle Christian School

February 2006

 * Added 1 February 2006: Newham Sixth Form College
 * Added 2 February 2006: List of schools in Thailand
 * Added 3 February 2006: European Graduate School
 * Added 3 February 2006: Darnell-Cookman Middle School
 * Added 4 February 2006: List of independent Baptist colleges
 * Added 4 February 2006: Max the Mutt Animation School
 * Added 5 February 2006: G D Goenka Public School
 * Added 8 February 2006: Alpha College of English
 * Added 9 February 2006: Coolidge Middle School (Reading, Massachusetts)
 * Added 10 February 2006: Montfort Realschule Zell
 * Added 10 February 2006: Whiting Lane Elementary School
 * Added 12 February 2006: Rancocas Valley Regional High School
 * Added 16 February 2006: M7 (business school) (unverifiable)
 * Added 17 February 2006: South Pacific Association of Bible Colleges
 * Added 18 February 2006: Addison Trail High School
 * Added 18 February 2006: Campbells Bay Primary School (2nd nomination)
 * Added 19 February 2006: Redwood Day School (copyvio)
 * Added 20 February 2006: Nonnewaug High School
 * Added 20 February 2006: Hazelwood Central High School
 * Added 23 February 2006: Pennington-Grimes Elementary School
 * Added 25 February 2006: Austin Elementary School (Dunwoody, Georgia)
 * Added 26 February 2006: List of Indianapolis public schools
 * Added 26 February 2006: List of International Baccalaureate schools
 * Added 27 February 2006: Venice High School (Venice, Florida)

March 2006

 * Added 1 March 2006: Borden Grammar School
 * Added 2 March 2006: East Islip Middle School
 * Added 5 March 2006: Albion High School
 * Added 7 March 2006: Moncton High (redirected)
 * Added 9 March 2006: Bismarck public school system (redirected)
 * Added 11 March 2006: Montville High School
 * Added 12 March 2006: Trinity Christian High School
 * Added 12 March 2006: Marshwood Junior High School
 * Added 13 March 2006: Dixon Elementary School
 * Added 16 March 2006: Portland School District (redirected)
 * Added 18 March 2006: Staten Island Academy
 * Added 20 March 2006: Universitat de València
 * Added 23 March 2006: Castel School Guernsey
 * Added 24 March 2006: School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (Campinas)
 * Added 24 March 2006: Serangoon Secondary School
 * Added 25 March 2006: Pennthorpe School
 * Added 27 March 2006: Manurewa Central School
 * Added 29 March 2006: G10 (Canadian universities)
 * Added 31 March 2006: List of schools in the United Kingdom
 * Added 31 March 2006: List of UK Independent Schools

April 2006

 * Added 3 April 2006: Lakeshore Catholic High School
 * Added 4 April 2006: Spalding Grammar School
 * Added 5 April 2006: Trevor G. Browne High School
 * Added 6 April 2006: Hamblen Elementary School (Spokane, Washington)
 * Added 7 April 2006: Fallibroome High School
 * Added 8 April 2006: Saint Hilda's Secondary School
 * Added 9 April 2006: Ivy League business schools
 * Added 10 April 2006: Great river school (nonsense)
 * Added 11 April 2006: Carroll High School (Fort Wayne, Indiana)
 * Added 14 April 2006: Notre Dame High School, Sheffield
 * Added 15 April 2006: St. David School
 * Added 16 April 2006: Walker Middle School
 * Added 16 April 2006: Rendcomb College
 * Added 17 April 2006: De Lisle Roman Catholic High School
 * Added 17 April 2006: WHU-Otto Beisheim School of Management
 * Added 18 April 2006: St Mary's Catholic Primary School, Portslade
 * Added 18 April 2006: Western Hills High School (Cincinnati, Ohio)
 * Added 19 April 2006: Linn-Mar High School
 * Added 19 April 2006: Sett R.J.J. High School
 * Added 19 April 2006: Williamsville North High School
 * Added 21 April 2006: Valley View Middle School

title: User:GRider/Schoolwatch/Archive