text:
User talk:Ian Joyner

B5000 stuff
Could you please have a look at Burroughs large systems descriptors for accuracy? I wikified it per the request of SimonP. I just want to make sure I didn't distort anything. Thanks Avriette 08:11, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

update Burroughs link.tooold 18:42, 23 May 2007 (UTC)

ENTR/MCP/STAG
Hi Ian,

thank you very much for putting up that page !

- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burroughs_large_systems_instruction_set

May I make some comments.

ENTR (execute a procedure call as given by a tag 7) is a bit more elaborate:

1. MKST/IMKS must be followed by an IWR on the stack (the way it is already described).

2. the new frame so setup up in the stack is linked to the previous MKST/IMKS record, which links to the previous, etc, so RETN always knows what to do. Also stack switch (MVST) records the most recent MKST/IMKS location in the TOS word for when MVST comes back it can find it.

3. ENTR takes the most recent pending activation record from the location one word below MKST/IMKS and checks that the IWR references a PCW (if not then an exception is raised). This is important to mention since ENTR can impossibly work without IRW. Moreover, ENTR can find a SIRW or an IRW. The former usually means a library routine (SIRW can point to another stack), the latter a local routine in the currently running program.

If I may suggest to group MKST/IMKS/ENTR/EXIT and MVST together.

MCP the word is not explained. In the phrase Unisys Clearpath/MCP the Unisys Clearpath part is hardware and the MCP is an operating system. You could write your own OS for running on Burroughs Large Systems/Unisys Clearpath, the latter is not a synonym of the former.

STAG is described with (not allowed in user-level processes). Such a concept is outside the Burroughs Large Systems/Unisys Clearpath world. Instead, the compiler marks the codefile (which contains explicitly used STAG) so that the MCP should only allow to execute the code if the code file attribute was set privileged by a manual operation. Has nothing to do with instructions and CPU privileges. For example, I've written routines in the NEWP dialect of ALGOL on the Large Systems and used STAG the way I wanted.

The same as for STAG applies to OVRD and OVRN but the remark (for use in MCP only) could be read as (intended for use in MCP only). But every compiler (system language compiler as well as user language compiler) on the Large Systems/Clearpath can emit implictly stack setup code and other manipulative code which contains STAG, OVRD and OVRN, without which the compiled program could not be made run.

Cheers Klaus [--Kdabw 13:39, 8 October 2007 (UTC)]

Scattered notes on Amen (AMHN) and AUM
In response to some queries on the Amen Talk page: Judging from the Wiki article on AUM, it appears to derive from meditation on humming. AUM seems to have had a religious significance from quite early (Shrauta Sutras, Mid 1st millenium BCE?) and apparently precedes Buddhism, Jainism, etc as it is found in all of them.

Amen (in Greek Alpha Mu Eta Nu, in Hebrew Aleph, Mem, Nun, in Arabic Alaf Mim Yud Nun [likewise in Syriac]) is related to the Hebrew and Aramaic words for faith (Emunah in Hebrew, Haymanutha in Syriac-Aramaic). The word looks like a typical Semitic word, with a 3 consonant root. The three consonants are Aleph (originally a glottal stop) Mem Nun. The root meaning appears to be something like 'to be firm'. The 'N' is part of the original root word. The earliest recorded usage seems to signify agreement. The term doesn't have a history as a religious (or meditative) focus, in spite of its religious usage.

Modern usage appears to derive from the Hebrew Bible either directly or indirectly, as does ancient usage in magical incantations.

Check for )myn in the Online Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon for a bit more (http://cal1.cn.huc.edu/)

Note, in Syriac and Arabic the first vowel of Amen is Fatkha, Ptakha or Fetkha, which is an 'aah' sound (silent 'h'). The word is never written Alaf Waw Mim Nun.

Checking http://www.blueletterbible.org/ for amen and checking the Hebrew, it does appear that Yiddish and Ashkenazi pronunciation would be Omén, since in Hebrew the first vowel is Qametz, which tends to be pronounced as 'o' in Yiddish and Ashkenazi Hebrew. However the Ashkenazi vowel shifts don't suggest a connection with AUM, which would become something like Oymén, since non-Ashkenazi 'O' and 'Aw' tend to go to 'Oy' in Yiddish and Ashkenazi Hebrew (eg. Moyshe <- Moshe).

I hope this helps to either answer your question or to point out further areas for study. BobGriffin-Nukraya (talk) 22:34, 9 October 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ian Joyner


text:
Jiuchi

Jiuchi (地打ち), commonly referred to as "ji," is the base beat or underlying rhythm in traditional Japanese music. In the folk tradition, it consists of a simple, even rhythm, sung using kuchi shoka as "do ko do ko." This is often called "straight ji" in English to differentiate from other ji patterns.

A common variation is to "swing" the ji, called the "dongo" pattern after the kuchi shoka (sung as "don go don go"). When playing dongo, the upbeat (the "go") is not evenly spaced between the downbeats, but is instead played toward the "back of the beat," a common practice in jazz music. Generally the first note of each pair is twice as long as the second, giving the pattern a triplet feel. In English, the dongo pattern is often simply called the swing ji because of the history of the swing rhythm in North American jazz. Other common types of ji include the horse-beat ji ("don dogo don dogo"; in Western drum notation:"1.&12.&a3.&a4.&a") and the matsuri, or festival, ji ("DON doko don DON, DON doko don DON").

The ji is usually played throughout a song to hold the other instruments together rhythmically. For this reason, the ji is prevalent when playing taiko, which is a Japanese art form in which the drums are the central instrument. When playing taiko, the ji is often simple and loud, played most often on a smaller rope-tied drum (the "shime-daiko") which is high-pitched and has a sharp attack, making it easily audible over the rumble of the larger taikos. It can by played on almost any instrument, however. For example, it is commonly played on the largest drum (the "ōdaiko"), either as backing for the other instruments, or to aid a soloist playing on the other head of the drum.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jiuchi


text:
Beachley

Beachley is a village in Gloucestershire, England, near the border with Monmouthshire, Wales. It is located on a peninsula at the confluence of the rivers Wye and Severn, where the Severn Bridge ends and the smaller secondary bridge over the River Wye begins, both bridges carrying the M48 motorway between England and Wales though the motorway is not directly accessible from the village. The tidal range on this stretch of water is the highest in the UK. Before the construction of the bridge it was a ferry port from where the Aust Ferry operated until 1966. The population in 2011 was 764.

History
Before the 9th century, the Beachley peninsula and the mouth of the Wye were part of the Welsh kingdom of Gwent. A small chapel was founded at what was then the southernmost point of the peninsula - now a tidal island known as Chapel Rock - traditionally in the 4th century by Tecla, a princess of Gwynedd who retired there as a hermit before being murdered by raiders from the sea. A chapel dedicated to St Twrog, perhaps containing a navigation light, was later built on the rock but was ruined before the 18th century. Offa's Dyke, built by the Mercians in the 8th century, cuts off the peninsula to the north. In 956, Beachley was part of lands granted by King Edwy to Bath Abbey. According to historians interpreting the writings of Walter Map, it is likely that Beachley was the site of an unprecedented meeting around 1056 between the unchallenged ruler of Wales, Gruffydd ap Llywelyn, and the king of England, Edward the Confessor, to establish each one's areas of control.

The crossing of the Severn estuary between Beachley and Aust was probably in use from antiquity and was long the chief route between southern England and southern Wales. It was recorded in the 12th century when the de Clares, lords of Tidenham, granted quittance of the passage to the monks of Tintern, and was evidently much used in 1405 when great numbers of the English and Welsh were said to resort to the nearby chapel of St Twrog. The manor of Tidenham retained rights over the passage, and received rents from the parishes of Aust and Beachley, until the 19th century.

Beachley was the site of fighting in the Civil War. It was garrisoned by Royalists under Sir John Wintour, but was overrun in October 1644 by Parliamentary forces under Col. Edward Massey.

St John's Church was built in 1833 by Bristol architects Foster and Okely. Its cost was borne largely by James Jenkins, the owner of Beachley Manor. In the 1850s the rector was Rev. G.W. Bridges, an early photographer.

Army Apprentices College
In 1915, during World War I, the government requisitioned a large area of land at Beachley and constructed National Shipyard No.2. However, the war ended before production had begun. Instead, in 1924 it was decided to establish a British Army Apprentices School (which in 1966 was renamed as an Army Apprentices College) at Beachley to ensure a core of qualified soldiers with excellent technical education combined with first class military training as potential NCOs and officers mainly for the specialist corps Royal Engineers, REME Plant Operator mechanics and RAOC.

The AAC closed in 1994, and the army converted the site to an infantry barracks. After the recent reorganisation of the Army, "Future Army Structures" and "Future Infantry Structures" this is now the permanent home of the First Battalion The Rifles.

Amenities
The old ferry slipway is now used by the Severn Area Rescue Association (SARA), whose Beachley lifeboat station is next to the slipway. SARA has been established for over 40 years and is considered to be the second largest UK lifeboat association (the largest being the RNLI). SARA currently operates six lifeboat rescue stations on the Severn between Newport and Kidderminster and is staffed entirely by volunteers. In addition to lifeboat duties, SARA also has cliff rescue, flood and land search capabilities. SARA is a member of Mountain Rescue England and Wales (MREW).

The Aust Severn Powerline Crossing runs over the river at Beachley to Aust. A tunnel also runs under the River Severn between Beachley and Aust carrying electric cables.

title: Beachley


text:
Stefano D'Arrigo

Stefano D'Arrigo (15 October 1919 – 2 May 1992) was an Italian writer. He published three books, the collection of poetry Codice Siciliano (The Sicilian Code), the epic Horcynus Orca (Killer Whale, ISBN 88-17-87228-8) and the novel Cima delle Nobildonne.

D'Arrigo was born in Alì Terme, in the province of Messina. He graduated from the University of Messina, where a park is named in his honour.

He worked on Horcynus Orca from about 1950 until it was published in 1975. Originally it was called La testa del delfino, and was renamed I giorni della fera (that became I Fatti della Fera) for its first planned publication in 1961 on the review Menabó, directed by Elio Vittorini. In 2000, the galley proofs of I fatti della fera were published (ISBN 88-17-66981-4), giving readers a chance to compare the two versions: 1961's 660 pages, and 1975's 1,270. D’Arrigo dedicated Horcynus Orca to his wife Jutta Bruto because she helped him in the drafting of it. In 2022, an English translation was mentioned as being in progress by translator Max Lawton. An excerpt appears in Peter Forbes's translation of Primo Levi's anthology, The Search for Roots (ISBN 1566635047).

In 1961 D'Arrigo played a minor role in Pasolini’s first film, Accattone.

He died in 1992 in Rome.

title: Stefano D'Arrigo


text:
Kinta Kellas

Kinta Kellas is partly owned by UEM World Berhad of Malaysia, and mainly manages construction and maintains large-scale projects including roadways, airports, and mixed-use developments. The company operates primarily in Malaysia, Vietnam, and New Zealand. Its shares were previously listed on the London Stock Exchange (KKI). It is historically named after the Scottish plantation owner in British Malaya, William Kellie Smith who is most famous for building Kellie's Castle in Batu Gajah.

title: Kinta Kellas


text:
Laurentian Hills

Laurentian Hills is a municipality in Eastern Ontario, Canada, on the Ottawa River in Renfrew County. It surrounds (by land) Deep River on the Ontario side of the river. The town is home to the Nuclear Power Demonstration nuclear power plant. The prototype nuclear power plant was operational from 1962 to 1987 and has since then been shut down for over 30 years, awaiting permanent disposal of its radioactive nuclear components. The municipality was formed on January 1, 2000, when the United Townships of Rolph, Buchanan, Wylie and McKay and the Village of Chalk River were merged.

Communities
The town comprises the communities of Chalk River, Meilleurs Bay, Moor Lake, Point Alexander, Rolphton, and Wylie.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Laurentian Hills had a population of $2,885$ living in $1,251$ of its $1,393$ total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of $2,961$. With a land area of 634.31 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Population trend:
 * Population in 2016: 2961
 * Population in 2011: 2811
 * Population in 2006: 2789
 * Population in 2001: 2750
 * Population in 1996:
 * Chalk River: 974
 * Rolphton, Buchanan, Wylie and McKay: 1810
 * Population in 1991:
 * Chalk River: 874
 * Rolphton, Buchanan, Wylie and McKay: 1656

Trivia
An Ontario Historical Plaque in front of the School House Museum was erected by the province to commemorate the role of Steamboating on the Upper Ottawa in Ontario's heritage.

title: Laurentian Hills


text:
User:Bubo bubo

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benutzer:Bubo_bubo

af:Gebruiker:Bubo bubo be:Удзельнік:Bubo bubo cs:Wikipedista:Bubo bubo da:Bruger:Bubo bubo de:Benutzer:Bubo bubo et:Kasutaja:Bubo bubo es:Usuario:Bubo bubo eo:Vikipediisto:Bubo bubo fr:Utilisateur:Bubo bubo id:Pengguna:Bubo bubo it:Utente:Bubo bubo lv:Lietotājs:Bubo bubo lt:Naudotojas:Bubo bubo lmo:Utente:Bubo bubo hu:User:Bubo bubo nl:Gebruiker:Bubo bubo ja:利用者:Bubo bubo no:Bruker:Bubo bubo

nn:Brukar:Bubo bubo nds:Bruker:Bubo bubo pl:Wikipedysta:Bubo bubo pt:Usuário:Bubo bubo ro:Utilizator:Bubo bubo ru:Участник:Bubo bubo sk:Redaktor:Bubo bubo sl:Uporabnik:Bubo bubo fi:Käyttäjä:Bubo bubo sv:Användare:Bubo bubo th:ผู้ใช้:Bubo bubo vo:Geban:Bubo bubo

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User talk:Sam15

Eh, no.

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ArbCom elections are now open!
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Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

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Minister of Foreign Affairs (Estonia)

The Minister of Foreign Affairs (välisminister) is the senior minister at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Eesti Vabariigi Välisministeerium) in the Estonian Government. The Minister is one of the most important members of the Estonian government, with responsibility for the relations between Estonia and foreign states.

The Foreign Minister is chosen by the Prime Minister as a part of the government. The current Foreign Minister is Margus Tsahkna.

title: Minister of Foreign Affairs (Estonia)


text:
Category:Japanese heraldry

Feudal Japan had a complex system of heraldry, just like medieval Europe did, complete with family crests (mon) and a variety of flags to distinguish lords, clans, or individual warriors on the battlefield.

title: Category:Japanese heraldry


text:
Talk:Allan Nairn

Untitled
Trey Stone: several comments about your recent edits.

 * 1. You changed this:
 * ''He interviewed US corporate executives there, who endorsed the death squads
 * To this:
 * ''He interviewed U.S. corporate executives there, who endorsed the repressive actions being taken by the country's military government
 * In the interview supplied as an external reference he says explicitly:
 * I interviewed U.S. corporate executives there. They endorsed the death squads.
 * Why didn't he provide a quote? Shouldn't be too much to ask if he's such a superb investigative journalist.

 * 2. You changed this:
 * In an article published in The Nation'' in 1994, Nairn broke the story of the US government's role in establishing and funding the Haitian paramilitary death squad, FRAPH (the Front for the Advancement and Progress of Haiti).
 * to this:
 * In an article published in The Nation'' in 1996, Nairn raised questions about possible links between the U.S. CIA, DIA, and the anti-Aristide death squad FRAPH (Front for the Advancement and Progress of Haiti).
 * Was changing 1994 to 1996 just an editing error? Also, if you read his original reports, he did not "raise questions", he asserted it was true.
 * Fine, but that doesn't mean the Clinton admin's support of Aristide shouldn't be mentioned.

 * 3. Then you added this line:
 * ''However, his report relies heavily on a single source, and the Clinton administration had publicly come out against the Haitian military regime of General Raoul Cédras, accused of supporting the group. Furthermore, the deposed Jean-Bertrand Aristide was reinstated as President of Haiti through U.S. military intervention in 1994.
 * This is blatant editorializing. Unless you can attribute this POV to someone, with a citatation, I will delete it.
 * The tone is a little much, but like I said before, the article gives the false impression that the U.S. was unambiguously hostile to Aristide, and that needs to be fixed.

Thanks, -- Viajero 08:30, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I have once again removed this editorializing. -- Viajero 10:57, 6 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Trey Stone: in your most recent edit summary, you wrote: i've proven my case, i will not discuss this any further. What kind of childish petulance is this? You haven't presented a shred of evidence in support of your argument. -- Viajero 21:22, 8 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually I did make a comment, only to have it deleted by you. J. Parker Stone 21:23, 8 May 2005 (UTC)
 * First off, I skimmed a TWT article originally by Nairn, and in Guatemala he seems to have been referencing the Guatemalan business elite. You provided a quote where he claims American businessmen supported the death squads, but if this is true, surely as a superb "investigative journalist" he can give us a quote from one such executive.
 * Secondly, his evidence surrounding U.S. "support" of Constant is not conclusive, and contradictory to the Clinton admin. policy of restoring Aristide to power. This needs to be noted. J. Parker Stone 21:26, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Yet again you're offering original research. You might think that an action, event, or state of affairs conflicts with a certain politician's or government's stated policy, but that's not sufficient reason reason for excluding it from the article.  You need to provide evidence for your views, not assumptions and appeals to what seems to you to make sense. Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 22:02, 8 May 2005 (UTC)
 * What "seems to me" to make sense makes sense to any rational person not blinded by a kneejerk distrust of U.S. foreign policy. The Clinton admin. said that the Cedras regime had subverted democracy in Haiti. It intervened in 1994 and successfully secured the resignation of Cedras through threat of military action. It's not that hard to comprehend. J. Parker Stone 22:40, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

 * It's original resarch, unbacked up by evidence. That's all there is to it. Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 22:49, 8 May 2005 (UTC)
 * so are you saying that it's disputed that the U.S. restored Aristide to power? if so i'm gonna have a hard time taking you seriously J. Parker Stone 22:56, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

 * It's not the fact that's underdispute, but the original-research conclusions that you draw from it. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 23:02, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

 * No one is arguing that the U.S. restored Aristide to power. But this fact does not "disprove" that the U.S. also backed FRAPH. Nairn explains why in this interview: . -- Viajero 23:08, 8 May 2005 (UTC)
 * paying Constant as an informant does not equate to unequivocal support of FRAPH's actions. J. Parker Stone 23:13, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Fine, back that assertion up with a citation which disputes Nairn's findings, and we'll add it to the article. -- Viajero 23:22, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

 * hey, it's not my fault no one takes Nairn seriously enough to discuss his charges J. Parker Stone 00:49, 9 May 2005 (UTC)

But it is your fault that you insist on putting unverifiable conjecture into the article against Wikipedia policy. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 09:00, 9 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Trey, the citation you provided was worthless. It simply established that Clinton restored Artistide to power in 1994, something we have never disputed. It in no way butresses your interpretation of that support. -- Viajero | Talk 14:42, 23 May 2005 (UTC)

ATTN Davenbelle
The allegations are controversial, and I have fully justified my edits. Please stop this incessant reverting. J. Parker Stone 06:45, 12 May 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Allan Nairn


text:
User:AttishOculus

I help Wikipedia and Wikipedia helps me.

title: User:AttishOculus


text:
Jining District

Jining District (Mongolian: ; ) is an urban district that serves as the administrative seat of Ulanqab, a region governed as a prefecture-level city in the mid-western part of Inner Mongolia, China. It has an area of approximately 114.2 km2 and is in the southern foothills of the Yinshan mountains.

As of 2011, it had a population of roughly 377,100, including members of the Mongol, Hui, Manchu, Daur, Tibetan, Uyghur, Hmong, and Yi national minorities.

Administratively speaking, Ulanqab is a "city" and Jining a "district", in reality Jining is a de facto city, while Ulanqab is an administrative division covering a much larger area. See prefecture-level city for more information on this arrangement.

Jining South Railway Station (集宁南站) serves as a railway intersection: the Trans-Mongolian Railway terminates her and runs via the border town of Erenhot (Erlian) through Mongolia to Russia in the north, Hohhot and Baotou to the west, Shanxi province's Datong to the south, and the Jining–Tongliao railway to the east.

History
Recorded human activity in the Jining area dates back to the Shang dynasty. It was originally named Bingzhou (并州). In the Song dynasty it was part of the Yunzhong Commandery (云中府); it was placed under the administration of Datong during the Jin dynasty (1115–1234). During the Yuan dynasty, it was named "Jining" for the first time. In 1675, the Jining area was placed under the administration of the Plain Yellow Banner of Chahar Province, and in 1750 was transferred to Fengzhen City's administration. In 1922, it was renamed Jining and became a municipality, and the following year a county. In 1948 Jining fell under the control of the Communist Party. The urban core was subsequently renamed Chengguan Town (roughly, "urban district"), then Pingdiquan Town (平地泉), then finally back to Jining in April 1956.

In 2004, Ulanqab League, to which it is the seat of government, was 'converted' to a prefecture-level city, and Jining is correspondingly changed from a county-level city to a district. Ulanqab is named Chaborte in the writings of P. Evariste Huc.

Administrative divisions
Jining District is divided into 8 subdistricts, 1 town, and 1 township.

Transportation
Jining is a major transport node in central Inner Mongolia. It is on the Beijing-Baotou railway, and the terminus of the Jining-Erenhot, Jining-Tongliao, and Trans-Mongolian railways, making the city a short connection away from urban centres such as Hohhot, Baotou, Zhangjiakou, Datong, and Beijing. High-speed rail access is available to Hohhot and Baotou; travel time to the regional capital is approximately an hour.

Jining is also on the route of China National Highway 208, China National Highway 110, and the G6 Beijing–Lhasa Expressway.

Intercity buses are available to neighboring cities and towns.

Natural resources
The Jining area is a source of limestone and turquoise.

title: Jining District


text:
Talk:Gaspar de Portolá

Governor of the Californias
The list of pre-statehood governors of California only covers the area of the current US state of California. The title Governor of the Californias was used from the founding of Loreto, Baja California Sur in 1697 until Alta and Baja California were split in 1804. Portola became Governor of the Californias in 1768, taking over from Fernando de Rivera y Moncada, who had held the post from 1751. Gentgeen 08:31, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Vandalism by Everard Proudfoot
Everard Proudfoot insist in reverting editions correcting the article. The article should mention that Portolà was a spanish national, and were it was born, but Everard Proudfoot is using the article to further its political agenda. --84.126.10.233 (talk) 21:44, 11 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Everard Proudfoot continues vandalizing the article, reverting legitimate edits without discussion in this page--84.126.10.233 (talk) 22:10, 11 August 2010 (UTC)

 * Differences of opinion are not vandalism. It's you who has been considered to be a sockpuppet of an indefinitely blocked vandal.  You came in and started removing information that a person born in Catalonia is not a Catalan, you'll need to prove that, though previous edits from this user show a particular pro-Spanish bias.  Note that I never even heard of the town that Portola was born in till this incident came up.  The Spanish Wikipedia seems to think it's in Catalonia.  Do you have information which contradicts that?  Everard Proudfoot (talk) 22:20, 11 August 2010 (UTC)

Spelling of name
Is his last name spelled "Portolá" or "Portolà"? The foundation in his name lists it as the latter but almost everywhere else it is the former. Being Spanish, I would assume it to be Portolá, but if he's Catalan then Portolà seems more correct. Can anyone help on this?

 * There have been other discussions on this subject, and it has been concluded that based on his actual signature the correct spelling is Portolà.--Lord Kinbote 23:43, 14 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Where are the discussions mentioned by Lord Kinbote? It would be helpful to see the arguments and evidence. The copy of Portola's signature attached to the article has a grave accent (Portolà), but his signature shown in the photograph at the top of this article has an acute accent (Portolá). During the period in which he lived, spellings were not standardized (Shakespeare famously spelled his own name several different ways, and none of his surviving signatures use the spelling Shakespeare that we now consider standard), so I'm not sure about the wisdom of using a single signature as the basis for settling on a standard spelling. Most other reference works seem to use the spelling with an acute accent (Portolá). --DavisSta (talk) 11:12, 11 July 2014 (UTC)

 * Is it possible that he may have used the acute accent in official correspondence with Spanish superiors, but the grave accent (Catalan style?) for less formal writings? WCCasey (talk) 21:12, 11 July 2014 (UTC)

A Thought on the Portrait.
The portrait of de Portola reproduced here is described as an "Oil painting of Gaspar of Portolá. He was painted about 1770".

A) It is not an oil painting, it is a medallion. B) It clearly bears the inscription "M. Clover Copyright 09"  and thus does not date from 1770, but 1909. C) The person depicted looks nothing like Gaspar de Portrola, who did not have a beard or wear "Roman" armour.

I have no doubt the original is intended to be the great man, but it is clearly a piece of early 20th century nonsense. I do not wish to intrude on an area far from my expertise, but some knowledgable person might care to post an authentic image.Jellyandjocko (talk) 14:25, 14 July 2015 (UTC)
 * 20th-century nonsense, I agree. The gentleman from the medallion looks like a 16th-century Spanish conquistador (helmet, armour, beard), not an 18th-century army officer (cocked hat with red cockade, white powdered wig, coat, moustache)_"http://www.sellosmundo.com/Europe/Espa%aF1a/sello_327973.htm". There's too a portrait of Portolá as a Dragoon officer (moustache, powdered hair, etc.). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.37.84.125 (talk) 12:14, 8 June 2016 (UTC)

Use of "Father" as a priest title is unacceptable in Wikipedia articles
In Wikipedia articles, the names of priests should not be preceded by the title Father. Note this guideline concerning use of Father as a title:  Father  Use the Rev. in first reference before the names of Episcopal, Orthodox and Roman Catholic priests. On second reference use only the cleric’s last name. Use Father before a name only in direct quotations. (Source: Religious titles | Religion Stylebook -- http://religionstylebook.com/entries/category/religion-and-culture/titles) Mksword (talk) 18:59, 19 September 2015 (UTC)

 * The "Religion Stylebook" noted above is not a Wikipedia style guide, and therefore does not apply to Wikipedia articles. There is, however, a section in the Wikipedia Manual of Style on biography called "Honorific prefixes", which states that, in general, no title prefix of any kind should be used. WCCasey (talk) 06:32, 19 September 2015 (UTC)

No consensus on spelling of name
The recent page move was done unilaterally, without seeking consensus first on this Talk page. I, for one, don't agree that Catalan accents should be used in the name "Portolá". This article is about the Spanish explorer and his deeds as a soldier of the Spanish empire, not about the famous Catalonian. WCCasey (talk) 03:58, 17 August 2018 (UTC)

I agree--I've looked at several reliable sources and all of them use Portolá. Glendoremus (talk) 06:09, 17 August 2018 (UTC)

Agree, Glendoremus and WCCasey. This is the English Wikipedia. We go by the common English name. As most sources available to us in the English language use the name Portolá, this is the name we need to use. We do not go by the local name, even if widely used. So, for example, in English, we call the Italian city Milan, even if all Italians and Milanese of course call it Milano. The page therefore needs to go back to Portolá. XavierItzm (talk) 11:19, 29 January 2019 (UTC)

Okay, renamed to Portolá per the above discussion. Glendoremus (talk) 19:32, 2 February 2019 (UTC)

Gaspar de Portolà right spelling
Gaspar de Portolà

I am sorry but the accent is the other way, this is his own signature!: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaspar_de_Portol%C3%A1#/media/File:Gaspar_de_Portola_signature.png This was discussed many time ago and agreed so: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Friviere Paco ✉ 17:17, 23 January 2024 (UTC)

 * It doesn't matter how he spelled his own name, what matters is the WP:Commonname. The fact is that the Spanish spelling of his last name is far more prevalent than the Catalan spelling. Also that image of his signature says nothing on the matter; the accent is not unequivocally acute or grave and there is also a similar mark above the "r" in Gaspar, so the signature isn't exactly a great example to use.

 * Examples of scholarly sources dedicated to the subject matter using "Portolá":
 * NUTTALL, DONALD A. “Gaspar de Portolá: Disenchanted Conquistador of Spanish Upper California.” Southern California Quarterly 53, no. 3 (1971): 185–98. https://doi.org/10.2307/41170367.
 * de Cañizares, José, et al. “Putting a Lid on California: An Unpublished Diary of the Portolá Expedition.” California Historical Society Quarterly, vol. 31, no. 2, 1952, pp. 109–24. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/25156351.
 * Treutlein, Theodore E. “The Portolá Expedition of 1769-1770.” California Historical Society Quarterly, vol. 47, no. 4, 1968, pp. 291–313. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/25154307.
 * Larson R. “Gaspar de Portolá, Explorer and Founder of California”. By Fernando Boneu Companys. Translated and revised by Alan K. Brown. (Lérida: Institute de Estudios Ilerdenses, 1983. Pp. 404. Photos. Illustrations. Charts. Map. Notes. Paper. No price.). The Americas. 1986;42(3):370-373. doi:10.2307/1006941
 * Skinner Eldredge, Zoeth. “The March of Portolá and the Discovery of the Bay of San Francisco.” California Promotion Committee, 1909.
 * The Costansó Narrative of the Portolá Expedition. First Chronicle of the Spanish Conquest of Alta California. By Costansó, Miguel. Translated and with an introduction by Brandes, Ray. Newhall, 1970. Hogarth Press. Hogarth Series of Early California. Maps. Bibliography. Index. Pp. 11

 * Other examples of reputable sources using "Portolá":
 * Encyclopedia Britannica - Gaspar de Portolá
 * National Park Service: Ohlone - Portolá Heritage Site
 * NPS - Encounters with the Portolá Expedition
 * California Office of Historic Preservation - Portolá Expedition historical landmark
 * Orange County Historical Society - 250th Anniversary Portolá Trek
 * Monterey County Historical Society - The Portolá Expedition of 1769
 * Camp Pendleton Historical Society - https://camppendletonhistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/CPHS.Vol13.Nr1_.pdf
 * InMenlo - Taking a look at the history of Gaspar de Portolá’s visit to Menlo Park
 * — Preceding unsigned comment added by Cristiano Tomás (talk • contribs) 14:48, 24 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Friviere, you state This was discussed many time ago and agreed so and provide a link to your statement on your own talk page with one person agreeing. That isn't a consensus, and I find it far less persuasive than the previous discussions on this page. -- Pemilligan (talk) 18:03, 24 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gaspar de Portolá


text:
User:Rdenis

Rémi Denis-Courmont (login Rdenis)

I'm a French student at the École Centrale Paris, where I'm studying software engineering.

I'm also a member of the VideoLAN software project, and the author of Miredo.

title: User:Rdenis


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Right to exist

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 18:27, May 11, 2005 (UTC)

Right to exist
Summary to help guide admin decisions:
 * 24: Delete - Humus sapiens, Pluvius, Master Thief Garrett, Guy Montag, RJH, Leifern, Klonimus, humblefool, AlanK, Jayjg, Wile E. Herresiarch, Viriditas, MPerel, Carbonite, Thryduulf, Zscout370, Carnildo, Chammy Koala, gren, Megan1967, Radient, Stereotek, Woohookitty, IZAK
 * 1: Either turn into an article on the general concept of a national "right to exist" or delete as redundant. - Charles P.
 * 3: Merge with Sovereignty, Self determination or Zionism and Redirect - Helpful Dave, Tomer, Mustafaa
 * 4: Keep - LevelCheck, DeirYassin, Firebug, Blackcatsm

24/32=75%, 24/33=73%, 25/33=76%

Very few changes since nominated:

COMMENT: User:Helpful Dave and I, who rarely agree on anything, both voted "merge and redirect". That's hardly a glowing "keep". My recommendation was redirect to self determination. Helpful Dave's was to to Zionism. I don't pretend to understand his rationale, but in neither case do I think these votes can legitimately be regarded as keeps. Tomer TALK  20:05, May 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Agreed. Please doublecheck/fix the update of the voting record I've just made.  ←Humus sapiens←Talk 22:40, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

So when does voting end and the vote takes effect? Guy Montag 23:27, 1 May 2005 (UTC)
 * I'd like to ominously whisper "seven days!" like on The Ring, but no, it's only five. After that a decision is made. It's not necessarily simply "majority rules", if there's a roughly even proportion of votes on each side then the closing decision is "no consensus" and the article stays. Master Thief Garrett 23:56, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

Ok, thank you for the information.

Guy Montag 19:42, 2 May 2005 (UTC)

It seems it was created solely to question Israel's right to exist. We already have Arab-Israeli conflict reflecting major views in an encyclopedic manner, Jewish state, Anti-Zionism, New anti-Semitism, etc. There have already been articles created(Anti-Arabism). In anycase, this is not the place to discuss the subject, so take it somewhere else both of you. Guy Montag 07:43, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Doesn't it seem a bit unbalanced that we have an article on New anti-Semitism but no articles on New anti-Arabism or New anti-Palestinianism?
 * Go make them, Klonimus 00:50, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * No, we shouldn't make them. See WP:POINT.  It would be bad to write more articles as bad as New anti-Semitism just to make a point.   — Helpful Dave 22:30, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes we should, New anti-Semitism has been the subject of several recent books. Klonimus 06:24, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete  ←Humus sapiens←Talk 08:38, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge any NPOV content that isn't already in Anti-Zionism into that article and *delete. -Pluvius Talk
 * Merge any salvageable content into Anti-Zionism and Delete. Master Thief Garrett 09:44, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Delete This article is too POV and isnt fit to be in wikipedia.Guy Montag 14:26, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete agitprop. — RJH 14:42, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - the article begs the question and is discussed (at great length and subject to endless edits) several other places --Leifern 15:20, 2005 Apr 25 (UTC)
 * Either turn into an article on the general concept of a national "right to exist" or delete as redundant. —Charles P. (Mirv) 16:13, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Anti-israelcruft. Klonimus 19:03, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Not really sure how I should vote on this. Klonimus -- help me out. Perhaps Wikipedia does not exist to pass judgement, but rather to document, eh? Perhaps our objective should simply be to document the claims that surround the useage of the term "Right to exist," without passing any judgement over its existance or nonexistance, pejorative nature, the moral value of those who use the term, its history of use, etc. etc. Haven't made up my mind yet, I'm sure you've got some consistent insights to share, though. BrandonYusufToropov 17:23, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, as I see it the extant article doesn't cover anything encyclopedic except for a bunch of anti-israel ranting disguised as NPOV. However an article on "Right to Exist: A Moral Defense of Israel's Wars" by Yaacov Lozowick (ISBN 0385509057) would certainly be encyclopedic. Personally I think you should vote Redirect to Self determination Klonimus 17:07, 1 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, this is a balanced article which explores both sides of this contentious issue. Some Wikipedians seem to feel that only pro-Israeli views should be permitted. LevelCheck 21:23, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep agree with above commentDeirYassin 21:45, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. There seem to be wikipedians who feel that there must only anti-Israeli POVs should be permitted. humblefool® 23:28, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete It appears to be a debate. Nothing wrong with that, but this is not a forum for debates.  Parts of it may belong elsewhere as others have stated, and it may be news, but it's not encyclopaedic. AlanK
 * Delete. Appears to be original research. Jayjg (talk)  02:15, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. POV promo. Wile E. Heresiarch 05:23, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, and keep a close eye on it to make sure POV axe-grinding (from both sides) stays out. The phrase "right to exist" garners approximately 249,000 hits on Google, most of which do refer specifically to the Israeli/Palestinian situation. Furthermore, in virtually every negotiation between the Israelis and Palestinians, the "right to exist" is mentioned in some way, and often plays a critical role in the negotiations. It is an important concept that deserves a Wikipedia article. The existing article isn't terrible, although it could stand some improvement. Firebug 06:49, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Original research. --Viriditas | Talk 10:42, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete this diatribe. IZAK 12:28, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete after merging anything salvageably NPOV into Anti-Zionism. -- M P er el ( talk 15:37, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Inherently POV and unencyclopedic. Carbonite | Talk 19:56, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unsalivably POV (and for the record I would vote the same on an article with the opposite POV as well). Thryduulf 20:28, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete since it filled with POV, original research and with unfair comparisons (Israel compared to the Union of South Africa, no way). Zscout370 (talk) 20:35, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This argument is specifically attributed to "Opponents of the right to exist"; it is not stated in the article as objective fact. LevelCheck 21:38, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The original text states "Just as there was no right for South Africa to exist as an Afrikaner state, there is no right for Israel to exist as a Jewish state." The leaders of the Union of ZA made separation of the races with laws. The Israeli Government is trying to bring people in, making Israel a diverse nation. Zscout370 (talk) 23:00, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Improperly titled -- the title seems to be about a generic "right to exist", while the article seems to be about Israel's right to exist -- and it looks like it's redundant with a number of other articles. --Carnildo 21:52, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Protect from ever being re-created. --Chammy Koala 22:16, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect. This is a valid term which is often bandied about in this particular conflict.  However, we don't need an article at this location.  The content is dealt with in several other articles.  This should be a redirect to Zionism, unless someone can think of some other uses (perhaps some philosophical right to live), in which case it should be a concise disambiguation page.  NB: the article (if it were to stay) needs cleanup and references, but isn't really that bad.    The fact that some are capable of seeing this relatively balanced text as a one-sided attack on Israel reveals... well, I won't say.   — Helpful Dave 22:30, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Beautifully (and surprisingly) NPOV article, but a non-subject. While supporters of Israel love to use the term "right to exist", there is no such thing as a right to exist, and to the best of my knowledge this remains nothing more than a political slogan used to put down supporters of one-state solutions (rather than some kind of international law concept which would merit its own article.  So redirect somewhere - maybe Arab-Israeli conflict. - Mustafaa 22:55, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Gren makes a good point - maybe merge with sovereignty or diplomatic recognition? - Mustafaa 02:07, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: seems like Israel's right can be spoken about somewhere else... and the issue as a whole is akin to sovereignty gren 23:53, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. POV, original research. Megan1967 06:57, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per the above. Radiant_* 09:17, Apr 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and Redirect to Self determination...and we can worry about cutting out or neutralizing the POV content there. Tomer TALK  09:21, Apr 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. I would recomend retitling though, perhaps "Israel's right to exist."  The term "right to exist" is used in a number of other contexts.  --Blackcats 17:30, 29 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. POV. Stereotek 07:04, 1 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. POV. --Woohookitty 18:44, 3 May 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Belphegor, Phantom of the Louvre

Belphegor, Phantom of the Louvre (Belphégor – Le fantôme du Louvre) is a 2001 French fantasy film directed by Jean-Paul Salomé. It stars Sophie Marceau, Michel Serrault, Frédéric Diefenthal, and Julie Christie. It was written by Salomé, Danièle Thompson, and Jérôme Tonnerre. The 2001 film is about a mummy's spirit that possesses a woman (Marceau) in the Louvre. Belphegor, Phantom of the Louvre was filmed on location at the Musée du Louvre, the first feature film to be shot in part inside the world-famous museum.

Source material
This adaptation was loosely based upon the 1927 Arthur Bernède horror novel Belphégor, which had appeared in concert with a film serial version of the story. A television miniseries had appeared in 1965. Juliette Gréco, who was the original Belphégor in the television miniseries, makes a cameo appearance as the woman in the cemetery.

Plot
A rare collection of artifacts from an archeological dig in Egypt are brought to the famous Musée du Louvre in Paris. While experts are using a laser scanning device to determine the age of a sarcophagus, a spirit escapes and makes its way into the museum's electrical system. Museum curator Faussier (Jean-Francois Balmer) brings in noted Egyptologist, Glenda Spencer (Julie Christie), to examine the findings, and she announces that the mummy inside the coffin was actually the evil spirit Belphegor.

Meanwhile, Lisa (Sophie Marceau), a young woman who lives across the street from the museum, follows her runaway cat into the Louvre after closing time. She accidentally receives an electrical shock that transfers the stray spirit into her body. Soon Lisa is disguising herself as Belphegor and making off with the rare Egyptian treasures on display at the museum, convinced that they are rightfully hers. When Belphegor proves more than a match for the Louvre's security forces, renowned detective Verlac (Michel Serrault) is brought out of retirement to find out why the museum's Egyptian collection has been shrinking.

Cast

 * Sophie Marceau as Lisa / Belphegor
 * Michel Serrault as Verlac
 * Frédéric Diefenthal as Martin
 * Julie Christie as Glenda Spender
 * Jean-François Balmer as Bertrand Faussier
 * Patachou as Geneviève
 * Lionel Abelanski as Simonnet
 * Françoise Lépine as Suzanne Dupré
 * François Levantal as Mangin
 * Jacques Martial as Félix
 * Philippe Maymat as Bob
 * Pierre Aussedat as Pierre Desfontaines
 * Laurent Bateau as Louvre warden
 * Matteo Vallon as Cemetery employee
 * Jean-Claude Bolle-Reddat as Cemetery warden
 * Juliette Gréco as Woman in the cemetery

Critical response
Critical reception for Belphegor, Phantom of the Louvre has been mostly negative. Justin Felix from DVD Talk gave the film a mixed two and a half out of five stars, writing, "Belphegor: Phantom of the Louvre is modestly entertaining, despite some very familiar plot elements and so-so CGI work." Chris Parry from eFilmCritic awarded the film two out of five stars, panning the film's acting, special effects, screenplay, and familiar premise. Steve Barton from Dread Central rated the film two and a half out of five stars, writing, "For all that it has going for it in the acting department, Belphégor Phantom of the Louvre comes up on the short side of the fence nearly everywhere else. It's a decent little time killer, but you'll ultimately start forgetting about it even before the end credits run."

title: Belphegor, Phantom of the Louvre


text:
Brasstown

Brasstown may mean:

 * Brasstown, Georgia, United States, for which Brasstown Bald was named
 * Brasstown, North Carolina, United States, located in Clay County, North Carolina on the North Carolina-Georgia border.
 * Brasstown Township, Clay County, North Carolina, United States
 * Brasstown, South Carolina, United States
 * Twon-Brass, town in Nigeria

title: Brasstown


text:
Talk:Debian Conference

Untitled
Should this page be renamed to 'Debconf (Conference)' and the Debconf (Software Package) information be removed entirely? Although debconf is a very important software package to Debian, I don't think it needs to be described in Wikipedia.

(Regular Wikipedians: if you agree, please go ahead - I don't know how to implement this myself.)

-- Avbidder 20050425

 * That's self-contradicting - if debconf(8) is a very important part of Debian, why would we avoid describing it in Wikipedia? What makes the conference more encyclopedic than a piece of software? --Joy [shallot]   18:27, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

debconf(8) is imho more or less 'a random piece of the Debian packaging infrastructure' - an important one, but not really important outside its narrow context - it's only important to people developing Debian packages. I bet most people who use Debian don't even know that it's there. I might describe it when I write an article about Debian's software packaging approach.

The Debconf(erence) is more free-standing - people might stumble about it without even knowing what Debian is, perhaps because they see announcements etc. at the location or whatever.

-- Avbidder 20050425

Just a quick Thank You to EdColins for your latest edit - I'm now quite happy with how this is solved.

-- Avbidder 20050520

tagging withthe 'primary sources' tag
I've been asked to explain why I tagged the article with the 'primary sources' tag, so here goes. Currently all the sources / links are to material generated by DebConf (various organising teams, attendees, etc), while these are great for providing content and information they fail the independence test in WP:GNG. Possible sources that are likely to meet the independence test include: (a) articles written by professional journalists and published in print newspapers / magazines / etc and not based on a press release (b) references to groups outside debian trying to set up events using DebConf as a model (c) academic papers by non-Debian people talking about DebConf. The key is that someone independent needs to be involved in writing the content. Stuartyeates (talk) 20:36, 12 September 2011 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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title: Talk:Debian Conference


text:
User:Lord Kelvin

Nothing to say, but I want my name to be blue, not red.

title: User:Lord Kelvin


text:
Unaka Range

The Unaka Range is a mountain range on the border of Tennessee and North Carolina, in the southeastern United States. It is a subrange of the Appalachian Mountains and is part of the Blue Ridge Mountains physiographic province. The Unakas stretch approximately from the Nolichucky River in the south to the Watauga River in the north.

Geology, geography and history
The Unakas include the prominent Roan Highlands, where several summits rise above 6,000 feet. The Iron Mountains border the Unakas to the north, and the Bald Mountains border the Unakas opposite the Nolichucky to the south. The name unaka is rooted in the Cherokee term unega, meaning "white". Common lore is that 1 in 4 trees in the Unaka Range were American Chestnut trees prior to the great Chestnut Blight. Because the chestnut had long white blossoms, the Unaka Mountains turned white in color during the spring blossoming of the chestnut trees. They were called the White mountains by the local Cherokee.

The Cherokee National Forest and the Pisgah National Forest protect large sections of the Unaka Mountains. The Appalachian Trail traverses the Unaka crest.

In some geological and in historical sources, the term "Unaka Range" is used to identify the entire crest of the Appalachian Mountains along the Tennessee-North Carolina border, including the Unakas, the Great Smoky Mountains, the Bald Mountains, the Unicoi Mountains, and the mountains in the Big Frog Wilderness and Little Frog Mountain Wilderness.

Unakite was first discovered in the Unaka Range, and was named after it.

Unaka Mountain Wilderness
Established in 1986 by the U.S. Congress, the Unaka Mountain Wilderness is part of the National Wilderness Preservation System. The 4,472 acre wilderness area is managed by the United States Forest Service.

Notable peaks
The highest point in the Unaka Range is Roan High Knob, which rises to an elevation of 6285 ft.

title: Unaka Range


text:
Steve Brodie (actor)

Steve Brodie (born John Daugherty Stephens; November 21, 1919 – January 9, 1992) was an American stage, film, and television actor from El Dorado in Butler County in south central Kansas. He reportedly adopted his screen name in memory of Steve Brodie, a daredevil who claimed to have jumped from the Brooklyn Bridge in 1886 and survived.

Career
Brodie appeared in 79 feature films during his career (1944-1988), plus a profusion of appearances on episodic TV. He worked at various studios, including MGM, RKO and Republic Pictures, appearing mostly in Westerns and B-movies. He played supporting roles in the majority of his films, including the 1947 film noir classic Out of the Past and 1950's Armored Car Robbery. An exception was 1947's Desperate, where he had a starring role. Later appearances included roles in two Elvis Presley films: 1961's Blue Hawaii and 1964's Roustabout.

Beginning in the mid 1950s, he appeared mostly on television, with guest-starring roles in such series as Stories of the Century (as the outlaw Harry Tracy), Crossroads, Sugarfoot, Colt .45, Cheyenne (TV Series), Stagecoach West, Richard Diamond, Private Detective, The Public Defender, Alfred Hitchcock Presents, The Alaskans, Pony Express, The Brothers Brannagan, Going My Way, The Asphalt Jungle, Wanted: Dead or Alive, and The Dakotas. Brodie made three guest appearances on Perry Mason. He portrayed Ben Wallace in the 1959 episode 'The Case of the Garrulous Gambler', Eddie Lewis in the 1962 episode 'The Case of the Angry Astronaut' and Quinn Torrey in the 1964 episode 'The Case of the Witless Witness'.

Brodie and Lash La Rue appeared nine and five times, respectively, as Sheriff Johnny Behan of Cochise County, Arizona, an historical person, in the ABC Western series, The Life and Legend of Wyatt Earp, starring Hugh O'Brian as Wyatt Earp.

Brodie appeared on stage in the 1950s as Maryk in a national company production of The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial, co-starring with Paul Douglas as Queeg and Wendell Corey as Greenwald.

Personal life
Brodie was married to actress Lois Andrews from 1946 to 1948. He married Barbara Ann Savitt in 1950. Their son, Kevin Brodie, was a child actor who later became a film producer, director, and screenwriter.

Death
Steve Brodie in 1992, at age 72, died of cancer in Canoga Park, California. In his obituary in The Los Angeles Times, the newspaper erroneously states that Brodie had been nominated for an Academy Award as Best Supporting Actor for 1949's Home of the Brave. Actually, the actor was not among the five nominees in that category that year.

1940s

 * Ladies Courageous (1944) as Tower Man (uncredited)
 * Follow the Boys (1944) as Australian Pilot (uncredited)
 * Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo (1944) as Military Police Corporal (uncredited)
 * This Man's Navy (1945) as Timothy Joseph Aloysius 'Tim' Shannon
 * The Clock (1945) as Sergeant (uncredited)
 * It's in the Bag! (1945) as Usher (uncredited)
 * Anchors Aweigh (1945) as Soldier (uncredited)
 * The Crimson Canary (1945) as Hillary
 * A Walk in the Sun (1945) as Private Judson
 * Young Widow (1946) as Willie Murphy
 * Badman's Territory (1946) as Bob Dalton
 * Sunset Pass (1946) as Cashier Slagle
 * Criminal Court (1946) as Frankie Wright - Vic's Brother
 * The Falcon's Adventure (1946) as Benny
 * Trail Street (1947) as Logan Maury
 * Code of the West (1947) as Henchman Matt Saunders
 * Thunder Mountain (1947) as Chick Jorth
 * Desperate (1947) as Steve Randall
 * Crossfire (1947) as Floyd
 * Out of the Past (1947) as Fisher
 * The Arizona Ranger (1948) as Quirt Butler
 * Guns of Hate (1948) as Anse Morgan
 * Return of the Bad Men (1948) as Cole Younger
 * Station West (1948) as Stellman
 * Bodyguard (1948) as Fenton
 * Rose of the Yukon (1949) as Major Geoffrey Barnett
 * Brothers in the Saddle (1949) as Steve Taylor
 * Rustlers (1949) as Mort Wheeler
 * I Cheated the Law (1949) as Frank Bricolle
 * Home of the Brave (1949) as T.J. Everett
 * Massacre River (1949) as Burke Kimber
 * Treasure of Monte Cristo (1949) as Earl Jackson
 * The Big Wheel (1949) as Happy Lee
 * Tough Assignment (1949) as Boss Morgan

1950s

 * The Great Plane Robbery (1950) as Murray
 * Winchester '73 (1950) as Wesley
 * Armored Car Robbery (1950) as Al Mapes
 * It's a Small World (1950) as Charlie
 * The Admiral Was a Lady (1950) as Mike O'Halloran - Boxer
 * Kiss Tomorrow Goodbye (1950) as Joe 'Jinx' Raynor
 * The Steel Helmet (1951) as Lieutenant Driscoll
 * M (1951) as Police Lieutenant Becker
 * The Sword of Monte Cristo (1951) as Sergeant
 * Only the Valiant (1951) as Trooper Onstot
 * Fighting Coast Guard (1951) as 'Red' Toon
 * Two-Dollar Bettor (1951) as Rick Bowers - aka Rick Slate
 * Joe Palooka in Triple Cross (1951) as Dutch
 * Bal Tabarin (1952) as Joe Goheen
 * Three for Bedroom "C" (1952) as Conde Marlowe
 * Lady in the Iron Mask (1952) as Athos
 * The Story of Will Rogers (1952) as Dave Marshall
 * Army Bound (1952) as Matt Hall
 * White Lightning (1953) as Jack Monohan
 * The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms (1953) as Sergeant Loomis
 * The Charge at Feather River (1953) as Private Ryan
 * Donovan's Brain (1953) as Herbie Yocum
 * Sea of Lost Ships (1953) as Lieutenant Rogers
 * The Caine Mutiny (1954) as Chief Budge
 * The Far Country (1954) as Ives
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1956) (Season 1 Episode 38: "The Creeper") as Steve Grant
 * The Cruel Tower (1956) as Casey
 * Gun Duel in Durango (1957) as Dunsten
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1957) (Season 2 Episode 28: "One More Mile to Go") as Motorcycle Cop
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1957) (Season 3 Episode 7: "Enough Rope for Two") as Maxie
 * Under Fire (1957) as Captain Linn
 * The Crooked Circle (1957) as Ken Cooper
 * Alfred Hitchcock Presents (1958) (Season 3 Episode 30: "Death Sentence") as Al Revnel
 * Spy in the Sky! (1958) as Vic Cabot
 * Sierra Baron (1958) as Rufus Bynum
 * Wanted: Dead or Alive (1958) Episode: "Miracle at Pot Hole" as Chester Miller aka Penfold Crane
 * Wanted: Dead or Alive (1959) Episode: "Call Your Shot" as Jed Miller
 * Arson for Hire (1959) as Arson Squad Inspector John 'Johnny' Broderick
 * Here Come the Jets (1959) as Logan

1960s

 * Three Came to Kill (1960) as Dave Harris
 * Blue Hawaii (1961) as Tucker Garvey
 * Cheyenne (TV Series) (1961) Episode: "Winchester Quarantine" as Steve Maclay
 * Gunsmoke (TV Series) (1961) "Old Yellow Boots" ... Welch
 * A Girl Named Tamiko (1962) as James Hatten
 * Cheyenne (TV Series) (1962) Episode: "Man Alone" as Buck Brown
 * The Virginian (1963 episode "Run Away Home") as Sheriff Martin
 * Of Love and Desire (1963) as Bill Maxton
 * A Bullet for Billy the Kid (1963)
 * Roustabout (1964) as Fred
 * The Wild World of Batwoman (1966) as Jim Flanagan
 * The Cycle Savages (1969) as Police Detective (uncredited)

1970s

 * Gunsmoke (TV Series) (1972) "No Tomorrow" ... Garth Brantley
 * The Giant Spider Invasion (1975) as Dr. Vance

1980s

 * Frankenstein Island (1981) as Jocko
 * Delta Pi (1984) as Jack Enoff
 * The Wizard of Speed and Time (1988) as Lucky Straeker (final film role)

title: Steve Brodie (actor)


text:
Olivetans

The Olivetans, formally known as the Order of Our Lady of Mount Olivet, are a monastic order. They were founded in 1313 and recognised in 1344. They use the Rule of Saint Benedict and are a member of the Benedictine Confederation, where they are also known as the Olivetan Congregation, but are distinguished from the Benedictines in their white habit and centralized organisation. They use the post-nominals 'OSB Oliv '.

Foundation
The Olivetans were founded in 1313 by Bernardo Tolomei (born Giovanni Tolomei) along with two of his friends from the noble families of Siena, Patrizio Patrizi and Ambrogio Piccolomini. They initially lived as hermits in the "savage waste of Accona". The building of the monastery here began with the approbation of the foundation charter by Guido Tarlati, bishop of Arezzo (26 March 1319).

The name "Olivetan" comes from the name of the order's original hermitage, called Monte Oliveto in honour of Christ's Passion. The monastery later became known as "Monte Oliveto Maggiore" ("greater") to distinguish it from successive foundations at Florence, San Gimignano, Naples and elsewhere. It is still the motherhouse of the order or congregation.

After the arrival of a number of new followers, the nascent community adopted the Rule of St. Benedict and was recognised by Pope Clement VI in 1344. In 1408 Gregory XII gave them the extinct monastery of St. Justina at Padua, which they occupied until the institution there of the Benedictine reform.

Today
Unlike many other Benedictine congregations, the Olivetans have a centralized structure, supervised by the abbot general at Monte Oliveto Maggiore. Olivetan Benedictines wear a white habit.

The Olivetan monks run Bec Abbey in France, which was left in ruins in 1792 by the French Revolution. In 1948 Olivetans from the Monastery of Our Lady of Holy Hope at Mesnil-Saint-Loup and the Monastery of the Virgin Mary at Cormeilles-en-Parisis re-established the monastery at Bec.

In 1955, Benedictine monks from St. Benedict's Abbey in Wisconsin took over the former Trappist monastery of Our Lady of Guadalupe Abbey in Pecos, New Mexico. In 1985, the monastery became part of the Olivetan congregation. The abbey offers retreats and spiritual direction.

The Monastery of Christ Our Saviour was founded in 1980 in the village of Turvey Abbey, Bedfordshire. Adjacent to the monastery is the Priory of Our Lady of Peace of Olivetan Benedictine nuns. The monastery and the priory share worship services. While the monks have no outside apostolate, guests are welcome. The priory is not open to the public, but the chapel is open and visitors are welcome.

The Congregation also maintain abbeys and prioral churches in Italy, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Belgium, Switzerland, Israel, Korea, Mexico, Guatemala and Brazil. In 1960 they formed the Olivetan Congregation within the Benedictine Confederation.

Olivetan nuns and sisters
Olivetan nuns are distinguished from the sisters in that the nuns focus primarily on the Divine Office according to the Rule of Saint Benedict, while the sisters engage in outside apostolates such as religious education or pastoral care, and therefore follow a modified form of the rule.

In 1874, Benedictine sisters from the Convent of Maria Rickenbach in the Canton of Unterwalden, Switzerland, arrived as teachers in Maryville, Missouri. Shortly thereafter some of the sisters were sent to Arkansas. In 1893 the Arkansas community affiliated with the Olivetans. In 1900, they opened St. Bernard's Hospital in Jonesboro.

In popular culture
The Prophecy of St. Malachy is a supposed list of 112 popes beginning in 1143 with Pope Celestine II and continuing apparently to the end of time. It was allegedly discovered around 1595 by Benedictine monk Arnold de Wyon, who attributes it to the 12th century Malachy of Armagh. Each pope is identified with a short cryptic motto. The next to last pope has the motto Gloria oliuæ (Glory of the olive).

After the election of Joseph Ratzinger to the papacy in 2005, proponents of the prophecy connected him to the entry for the next to last pope: Ratzinger chose the name Benedict; one of the Benedictine congregations is the Olivetans, thus, Gloria oliuæ.

However, there is no particular connection between the Olivetan Order and Pope Benedict XVI. In 1139, Malachy visited Rome, stopping at Clairvaux Abbey both on the way and on his return. His contemporary, Bernard of Clairvaux wrote a vita of St. Malachy, providing many interesting anecdotes, but does not mention any prophecy. Reputable church historians since the 18th century have considered "The Prophecy of St. Malachy" a forgery, most likely written around 1590. Most scholars consider the document a 16th-century elaborate hoax, bearing similarities to a 1557 history of the popes by Onofrio Panvinio, including mistakes.

Thomas Groome, of Boston College said, "...the 'Prophecies of St. Malachy' are a grand old fun tale that have about as much reliability as the morning horoscope".

title: Olivetans


text:
Festival Walk

Festival Walk is a shopping centre in Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong developed jointly by Swire Properties and CITIC Pacific between 1993 and 1998. At the time of its opening in November 1998, it was the biggest shopping mall in Hong Kong. Festival Walk is acquired by Mapletree North Asia Commercial Trust ("MNACT"). There are also four floors of offices on top of the mall.

Location
Festival Walk is located in Kowloon Tong, and is directly linked to Kowloon Tong station, which is an interchange station of the East Rail line and the Kwun Tong line of Hong Kong's Mass Transit Railway. It also has a pedestrian link to the City University of Hong Kong.

History
Construction of the mall commenced in 1994 and was completed in 1998.Festival Walk, Swire Properties. Retrieved 23 July 2007 Significant challenges were faced in the creation of the 21,000 m2 site due to its terraced land form as well as its narrow land shape. The tunnels for the Kwun Tong line of the MTR run through the full length of the site. During the construction of the building's four basement levels, 460,000 m³ of earth had to be removed.

Festival Walk was jointly owned by Swire Properties and CITIC Pacific until 2006, when Swire Properties bought out the 50% stake held by its partner. In July 2011, Mapletree Investments acquired the property for HK$18.8 billion (approximately US$2.4 billion), making it the world's largest retail real estate deal in 2011.

In 2015, it was announced that the AMC Cinema, a major anchor tenant, would move to Yuen Long due to a rent increase that the director of Broadway Circuit (operator of the AMC chain in Hong Kong) called "very astonishing". The AMC cineplex had been a tenant of Festival Walk for over 17 years. The cinema was replaced by an eight-screen Festival Grand Cinema in 2016.

Stores and restaurants
Festival Walk has a variety of stores and restaurants on multiple levels.

Configuration and positioning
Festival Walk comprises some one million square feet of retail space. It has approximately 220 shops and restaurants, a multiplex cinema and an ice rink. Located above the mall is an additional 220000 sqft of office space. Festival Walk's three level car park can accommodate up to 830 cars.

Festival Walk is positioned as a "comfortable" middle-market mall with the emphasis on service rather than price. The relatively spacious stores are mid-range to high-end and include brands such as Agnes B flagship store, Calvin Klein Jeans, Hollister, H&M, Juicy Couture and Kate Spade New York. Like malls in many western countries, Festival Walk has information booths to assist shoppers.

Design and environmental features
The seven-storey shopping mall occupies three lower-ground levels, a ground level and three levels above ground. A six-level atrium, some 120 m long and 30 m wide atrium cuts longitudinally through the interior of the mall. A glass skylight over the atrium provides natural light to the interior of the building. There is a food court on the mall's topmost floor, with a view of the indoor skating rink.

Festival Walk is equipped with a waste management system for all food service outlets within the mall. An organic food digester was installed to accelerate the decomposition of food waste into waste water and food residue which is then discharged harmlessly into the sewerage system. The developers also installed a water-cooled air-conditioning system in 2002 at a cost of HK$13 million. The developer claims the system's high energy efficiency has saved 5 million kWh each year.

Financial transactions
The development was a 50:50 joint venture between Swire Properties and CITIC Pacific. The partners secured the plot in a Government land auction in 1993 with a HK$2.9 billion bid, and developed it at an estimated cost of $2.2 billion. In January 2006, in Hong Kong's biggest property deal, Swire Properties paid HK$6.18 billion to buy out its partner's half share. In July 2007, it was announced that Swire Pacific was contemplating listing the property as a real estate investment trust. In July 2011, Mapletree Investments acquired Festival Walk at a property value of HK$18.8 billion which was the largest global retail real estate deal in 2011 In 2013, Festival Walk was divested to Mapletree's fourth real estate investment trust, the Mapletree Greater China Commercial Trust, as one of its two seed assets in 2013. In 2018, Mapletree Greater China Commercial Trust renamed as Mapletree North Asia Commercial Trust upon completion of acquisition of the Japan portfolio. The mall is now managed by Mapletree North Asia Property Management Limited.

2014 roof damage
At approximately 9:00 pm (0800 GMT) on 30 March 2014 hailstones the size of golf-balls shattered the ceiling windows of Festival Walk during a heavy thunderstorm, causing rain to pour straight into the interior of the mall. Some sections of interior ceiling collapsed and ankle-deep flooding was reported. Water from the shopping mall overflowed into the attached railway station. Mapletree Greater China Commercial Trust Management, the manager of Mapletree Greater China Commercial Trust, which owns Festival Walk, said its staff were on site to render assistance. However, mall management were criticised for failing to alert the public through the mall's website and via relevant social media networks. Evacuation of the public was also done poorly, as at 10:00 pm the public was still on scene sending live images to social media networks.

2019-2020 Hong Kong protests
In the evening on a Tuesday, 12 November 2019, Festival walk was stormed and vandalised by protesters. many of the glass barriers were shattered leaving broken glass scattered in the main areas of the mall, including the main entrance and bottom floors, most ground floor windows in the mall were also shattered or vandalised. The Christmas tree, set up every year inside Festival Walk to celebrate Christmas, was set on fire by rioters using Molotov cocktails and petrol bombs. The fire was dealt with using hoses.

title: Festival Walk


text: Talk:List of richest American politicians