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Toronto West Centre

Toronto West Centre was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1935. It was located in the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Toronto Centre and Toronto West ridings.

It consisted of the part of the city of Toronto bounded on the north by Bloor Street, on the west by Dovercourt Road, on the south by Dundas Street, and on the east by Avenue Road, Queen's Park Crescent and University Avenue.

The electoral district was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed between Spadina, St. Paul's and Trinity ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

Election history

 * Conservative
 * Horatio Clarence Hocken
 * align="right"| 10,514
 * Liberal
 * Joseph Singer
 * align="right"|7,495
 * Independent
 * Francis Herbert Murphy
 * align="right"|247
 * }

 * Conservative
 * Horatio Clarence Hocken
 * align="right"|7,956
 * Liberal
 * Frederick Graham Johnston
 * align="right"|5,388

 * Labour
 * John MacDonald
 * align="right"|1,193
 * }

 * Liberal
 * Samuel Factor
 * align="right"|8,367
 * Conservative
 * Thomas Langton Church
 * align="right"|7,803

 * Labour
 * James McArthur Conner
 * align="right"|264
 * }

title: Toronto West Centre


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Toronto—High Park

Toronto—High Park was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1935. It was located in the west end of the city of Toronto in the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Parkdale riding.

It was defined as consisting of the part of the city of Toronto west of Sunnyside Avenue, Howard Park Avenue, Indian Road, Bloor Street and Lansdowne Avenue, up to the Canadian Pacific Railway, and from there to the northern division of the Canadian National Railway, and from there to the north boundary of the city.

The electoral district was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed between High Park, Parkdale, and York West ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

Election history

 * Conservative
 * Alexander James Anderson
 * align="right"|15,809
 * Liberal
 * Hon. James Murdock
 * align="right"| 5,465
 * }

 * Conservative
 * Alexander James Anderson
 * align="right"| 12,366
 * Liberal
 * Hon. James Murdock
 * align="right"|4,167
 * }

 * Conservative
 * Alexander James Anderson
 * align="right"| 11,807
 * Liberal
 * Aubrey Albert Bond
 * align="right"| 5,765
 * }

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Toronto—High Park


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Tony Popovic

Tony Popovic (born 4 July 1973) is an Australian association football manager and former player. His last management role was as manager of A-League club Melbourne Victory.

As a player Popovic's usual position was centre-back. Starting in 1989 at Sydney United he went on to play for Sanfrecce Hiroshima of Japan and Premier League side Crystal Palace, among other clubs. He appeared with the Australian national team at the 2006 FIFA World Cup, where he played against reigning World Champions Brazil.

Popovic started his coaching career in 2008 with Sydney FC. After a brief stint as assistant manager at Crystal Palace he was chosen as the inaugural manager of Western Sydney Wanderers at the start of the 2012–13 season. His major achievements as a manager are winning the 2012–13 A-League Premiership and 2014 AFC Champions League with the Wanderers, the 2018–19 A-League Premiership with Perth Glory and an Australia Cup with Melbourne Victory in 2022. He holds the record of coaching the most A-League Grand Final losses with 5 to the end of the 2023/2024 season

He is the father of Kristian and Gabriel Popovic, both of whom are also professional footballers.

Early career
Popovic was born in Sydney to a Croatian family, and grew up in Fairfield, New South Wales. He began his career with Sydney United. He rose through the youth ranks, making 162 appearances in seven years for the first team, before moving to play in the J1 League. Popovic signed with Sanfrecce Hiroshima where he stayed for five years scoring 13 goals in 94 appearances.

Crystal Palace
Popovic signed for Crystal Palace on a free transfer in August 2001 from Sanfrecce Hiroshima. He became an integral part of the Palace defence, eventually becoming club captain. He played more than 120 matches for Crystal Palace. In his last season he played for Crystal Palace in 21 Premier League matches. In total he made more than 120 appearances for the club.

Popovic's contract with Palace expired at the end of June 2006, and he decided against accepting the club's offer of a new contract. He instead moved to Qatar club, Al-Arabi.

Sydney FC
In 2007, with the growth of the A-League and slight homesickness, Popovic moved to Sydney FC, signing a two-year deal, with coach Branko Culina also announcing him the club's captain. Popovic scored his first goal on 28 October 2007 from a corner to beat the Mariners 3–2 in front of his home crowd of 17,850.

Popovic announced his retirement on 11 November 2008 after nearly 20 years as a professional footballer.

International career
Popovic competed at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona for the Australia U23 team. He began his full international career in 1995 with the Australia national team. Over the next eleven years Popovic made 58 appearances for the Socceroos, scoring 8 goals.

The highlight of Popovic's career came in 2006 when the Australian national team qualified for the 2006 FIFA World Cup under the management of Guus Hiddink. He took part in both legs in the qualifying match against Uruguay. Being replaced in the first half of the second leg, due to injury, by Harry Kewell. The tall defender was named in the competing squad and made his World Cup debut against Brazil on 18 June. He suffered a calf injury 40 minutes into the game and was replaced by Mark Bresciano for the second half. His injury ruled him out of Australia's last match in the group stage, against Croatia, and their second round loss against eventual winners, Italy.

On 4 October 2006, Popovic announced his retirement from the Socceroos.

His final game was a friendly against Paraguay that month. He scored his eighth international goal, from a Mark Bresciano free kick, in his final minute on field to put Australia ahead, 1–0 in a game that finished 1–1.

Coaching career
After retiring, Popovic moved into an assistant coach's role with Sydney FC, where he remained until February 2011, when he returned to England and to Crystal Palace as first team coach, after former teammate Dougie Freedman was appointed manager.

Western Sydney Wanderers
On 17 May 2012, Popovic was announced as inaugural manager of A-League club Western Sydney Wanderers. He joined the club on a four seasons deal after requesting to be released from the final year of his contracted role as assistant manager of Crystal Palace. In Wanderers' first season, Popovic was named A-League Coach of the Year after finishing first in the league. In the 2013–14 season Popovic led Wanderers to the 2014 AFC Champions League Final in the club's first attempt in the competition. They defeated Al-Hilal in the final, becoming the first Australian team to win the tournament. As a result of this achievement, Popovic was named as the 2014 AFC Coach of the Year. With poor recruiting, the loss of assistant coach Ante Milicic, and a gruelling schedule of matches, the 2014–15 season saw Popovic's team finish ninth in the league and eliminated from the group stage of the 2015 AFC Champions League. Despite an unfavorable season Popovic signed a new three-season deal with Western Sydney Wanderers, which would keep him at the club helm until 2018.

Karabükspor
On 1 October 2017, Popovic made a shock announcement that he had resigned from Western Sydney Wanderers to coach Turkish Süper Lig club Karabükspor. It came less than a week out from the start of the 2017–18 A-League season. After nine games, on 15 December 2017, he was sacked by the club and was owed AUD$1.4M compensation. The club's entire boardroom quit during his time at the club and after he left, the club went into financial administration, began a relegation freefall and were ultimately dissolved in late 2022.

Perth Glory
On 11 May 2018, Popovic was confirmed as Perth Glory's new manager following the dismissal of Kenny Lowe at the end of the 2017–18 season. His first game in charge was a pre-season friendly against Chelsea which the Glory lost 0–1. Under Popovic's management, Perth won the 2018–19 A-League premiership.

Xanthi FC
On 26 August 2020, shortly after coaching Perth to a 2–0 loss to Sydney FC in the A-League semi finals, Popovic activated a contractual clause allowing him to leave the club for a European team, after signing with Greek Super League side Xanthi FC, that was bought by Greek-Australian business tycoon Bill Papas. He lasted five months, being sacked with the club in 5th place and four points from the top. Goalkeeping coach Zeljko Kalac stated later that Popovic was sabotaged and fired due to the owners wanting more control over decisions. Papas would later be accused by Australian banking authorities over an alleged loan fraud scheme that cost multiple banks over $500 million AUD in total.

Melbourne Victory
On 21 April 2021, Melbourne Victory appointed Popovic head coach on a three-year contract to replace Grant Brebner and Steve Kean, who coached the team to last place in the previous season. Popovic had early success, bringing the club back to the top of the A-League table after eight games and winning the 2021 FFA Cup on 5 February 2022.

International

 * Scores and results list Australia's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each Popovic goal.

Player
Australia
 * OFC Nations Cup: 1996, 2000, 2004

Manager
Western Sydney Wanderers
 * A-League Men: Premiers 2012–13; runner-up 2013–14, 2015–16
 * A-League Men Finals runner-up: 2013, 2014, 2016
 * AFC Champions League: 2014

Perth Glory
 * A-League Men: Premiers 2018–19
 * A-League Men Finals runner-up: 2019

Melbourne Victory
 * A-League Men Regular Season runner-up: 2021–22
 * A-League Men Finals runner-up: 2024
 * Australia Cup: 2021

Individual

 * A-League Men Coach of the Year: 2012–13, 2018–19, 2021–22
 * PFA A-League Manager of the Season: 2012–13, 2018–19
 * AFC Coach of the Year: 2014

title: Tony Popovic


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Toronto—Scarborough

Toronto—Scarborough was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1935. It was located in the east end of the city of Toronto, in the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of York East riding and consisted of the portion of the City of Toronto east of a line described as starting at the intersection of Pape Avenue with the northern boundary of the city, and following Pape Avenue, Danforth Avenue, Greenwood Avenue, Queen Street East, and then following the alignment of Knox Street south to Lake Ontario.

The electoral district was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed between Broadview, Danforth, and Greenwood electoral districts.

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

Election history

 * Conservative
 * Joseph Henry Harris
 * align="right"|18,481
 * Liberal
 * Edwin Charles Beer
 * align="right"|4,281
 * }

 * Conservative
 * Joseph Henry Harris
 * align="right"| 14,938
 * Liberal
 * Frank Norman Walker
 * align="right"|3,556
 * }

 * Conservative
 * Joseph Henry Harris
 * align="right"| 17,122
 * Liberal
 * William Henry Ford
 * align="right"| 6,156
 * }

title: Toronto—Scarborough


text:
Styracosaurus

Styracosaurus (meaning "spiked lizard" from the Ancient Greek styrax/στύραξ "spike at the butt-end of a spear-shaft" and sauros/σαῦρος "lizard") is an extinct genus of herbivorous ceratopsian dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous (Campanian stage) of North America. It had four to six long parietal spikes extending from its neck frill, a smaller jugal horn on each of its cheeks, and a single horn protruding from its nose, which may have been up to 60 cm long and 15 cm wide. The function or functions of the horns and frills have been debated for many years.

Styracosaurus was a relatively large dinosaur, reaching lengths of 5 - 5.5 m and weighing about 1.8 - 2.7 MT. It stood about 1.8 m tall. Styracosaurus possessed four short legs and a bulky body. Its tail was rather short. The skull had a beak and shearing cheek teeth arranged in continuous dental batteries, suggesting that the animal sliced up plants. Like other ceratopsians, this dinosaur may have been a herd animal, travelling in large groups, as suggested by bone beds.

Named by Lawrence Lambe in 1913, Styracosaurus is a member of the Centrosaurinae. One species, S. albertensis, is currently assigned to Styracosaurus. Another species, S. ovatus, named in 1930 by Charles Gilmore was reassigned to a new genus, Rubeosaurus, by Andrew McDonald and Jack Horner in 2010, but it has been considered either its own genus or a species of Styracosaurus (or even a specimen of S. albertensis) again, since 2020.

Discoveries and species
The first fossil remains of Styracosaurus were collected in Alberta, Canada by C. M. Sternberg (from an area now known as Dinosaur Provincial Park, in a formation now called the Dinosaur Park Formation) and named by Lawrence Lambe in 1913. This quarry was revisited in 1935 by a Royal Ontario Museum crew who found the missing lower jaws and most of the skeleton. These fossils indicate that S. albertensis was around 5.5-5.8 m in length and stood about 1.65 m high at the hips. An unusual feature of this first skull is that the smallest frill spike on the left side is partially overlapped at its base by the next spike. It appears that the frill suffered a break at this point in life and was shortened by about 6 cm. The normal shape of this area is unknown because the corresponding area of the right side of the frill was not recovered.

Barnum Brown and crew, working for the American Museum of Natural History in New York, collected a nearly complete articulated skeleton with a partial skull in 1915. These fossils were also found in the Dinosaur Park Formation, near Steveville, Alberta. Brown and Erich Maren Schlaikjer compared the finds, and, though they allowed that both specimens were from the same general locality and geological formation, they considered the specimen sufficiently distinct from the holotype to warrant erecting a new species, and described the fossils as Styracosaurus parksi, named in honor of William Parks. Among the differences between the specimens cited by Brown and Schlaikjer were a cheekbone quite different from that of S. albertensis, and smaller tail vertebrae. S. parksi also had a more robust jaw, a shorter dentary, and the frill differed in shape from that of the type species. However, much of the skull consisted of plaster reconstruction, and the original 1937 paper did not illustrate the actual skull bones. It is now accepted as a specimen of S. albertensis.

In the summer of 2006, Darren Tanke of the Royal Tyrrell Museum of Palaeontology in Drumheller, Alberta relocated the long lost S. parksi site. Pieces of the skull, evidently abandoned by the 1915 crew, were found in the quarry. These were collected and it is hoped more pieces will be found, perhaps enough to warrant a redescription of the skull and test whether S. albertensis and S. parksi are the same. The Tyrrell Museum has also collected several partial Styracosaurus skulls. At least one confirmed bone bed (bonebed 42) in Dinosaur Provincial Park has also been explored (other proposed Styracosaurus bone beds instead have fossils from a mix of animals, and nondiagnostic ceratopsian remains). Bonebed 42 is known to contain numerous pieces of skulls such as horncores, jaws and frill pieces.

Several other species which were assigned to Styracosaurus have since been assigned to other genera. S. sphenocerus, described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1890 as a species of Monoclonius and based on a nasal bone with a broken Styracosaurus-like straight nose horn, was attributed to Styracosaurus in 1915. "S. makeli", mentioned informally by amateur paleontologists Stephen and Sylvia Czerkas in 1990 in a caption to an illustration, is an early name for Einiosaurus. "S. borealis" is an early informal name for S. parksi.

Styracosaurus ovatus
A species, Styracosaurus ovatus, from the Two Medicine Formation of Montana, was described by Gilmore in 1930, named for a partial parietal under the accession number USNM 11869. Unlike S. albertensis, the longest parietal spikes converge towards their tips, instead of projecting parallel behind the frill. There also may only have been two sets of spikes on each side of the frill, instead of three. As estimated from the preserved material, the spikes are much shorter than in S. albertensis, with the longest only 295 mm long. An additional specimen from the Two Medicine Formation was referred to Styracosaurus ovatus in 2010 by Andrew McDonald and John Horner, having been found earlier in 1986 but not described until that year. Known from a premaxilla, the nasal bones and their horncore, a postorbital bone and a parietal, the specimen Museum of the Rockies 492 was considered to share the medially-converging parietal spikes with the only other specimen of S. ovatus, the holotype. Following this additional material, the species was added to a phylogenetic analysis where it was found to group not with Styracosaurus albertensis, but in a clade including Pachyrhinosaurus, Einiosaurus and Achelousaurus, and therefore McDonald and Horner gave the species the new genus name Rubeosaurus. Another specimen, the partial immature skull USNM 14768, which was earlier referred to the undiagnostic genus Brachyceratops, was also referred to Rubeosaurus ovatus by McDonald and colleagues in 2011. While the medial spikes of USNM 14768 were too incomplete to show if it shared the convergence seen in other R. ovatus specimens, it was considered to be the same species as it was also found in the older deposits of the Two Medicine Formation, and had a unique combination of parietal features only shared completely with the other specimens of the species.

Though it was originally found to nest closer to Einiosaurus and later centrosaurines by McDonald and colleagues in both 2010 and 2011, revisions of phylogenetic analyses in 2013 by Scott Sampson and colleagues, and further expansions and modifications of the same dataset, instead placed Rubeosaurus ovatus as the sister taxon of Styracosaurus albertensis, as had been originally considered when the species was first named, though the two species were not moved into the same genus as originally named. A review of the variability within known Styracosaurus specimens by Robert Holmes and colleagues in 2020 found that USNM 11869, the type specimen of Rubeosaurus ovatus, fell within the variation seen in other specimens from the older deposits of the Dinosaur Park Formation S. albertensis is known from. While no phylogenetic analysis was conducted, previous results of updated analyses showed that Rubeosaurus ovatus and Styracosaurus albertensis were not distantly related, so the justification for naming the genus Rubeosaurus was not present, and the variability in Styracosaurus albertensis specimens also did not support the distinction of Styracosaurus ovatus, with Holmes et al. considering the latter a junior synonym of the former. The conclusion of Holmes and colleagues was supported by a later 2020 study authored by Caleb Brown, Holmes, and Philip J. Currie, who described a new juvenile Styracosaurus specimen and determined that there were several specimens that are otherwise consistent with S. albertensis have been found with inward angled midline frill spikes, though not the same degree as S. ovatus. Though they considered that S. ovatus represented an extreme end of the S. albertensis variation not only in morphology but also as it was stratigraphically younger, they cautioned that at the least the current diagnosis of S. ovatus was inadequate.

Later in 2020, the supposed specimen MOR 492 was redescribed by John Wilson and colleagues, who reinterpreted its anatomy in a way that contrasted McDonald and Horner who referred it to Styracosaurus ovatus. While Wilson et al. agreed that the close relationship between S. albertensis and S. ovatus meant that the genus name Rubeosaurus should be abandoned, they cautioned against synonymization. MOR 492 was moved into its own taxon, Stellasaurus ancellae, which nested alongside Einiosaurus, Achelousaurus and Pachyrhinosaurus in a similar result to McDonald and Horner when the specimen was included as part of the S. ovatus hypodigm. Wilson and colleagues also suggested that the new taxon may have been ancestral to the later forms it was found related to, suggesting that gradual evolution through anagenesis could be the reason for the intermediate morphologies of many specimens and species found in the Two Medicine Formation, possibly also including S. ovatus. As the holotype of Styracosaurus ovatus was found in deposits much younger than the remainder of Styracosaurus specimens, and was considered to have the most extreme morphology while still falling within plausible variation as Holmes et al. had concluded, Wilson and colleagues advised that S. ovatus was retained as a separate, probably directly descended from S. albertensis, species of Styracosaurus. The immature specimen USNM 14768, referred to S. ovatus by McDonald et al. in 2011, was considered too immature to be diagnostic, and thus S. ovatus was limited to its holotype USNM 11869.

Description
Individuals of the genus Styracosaurus were approximately 5 - 5.5 m long as adults and weighed about 1.8 - 2.7 MT. The skull was massive, with a large nostril, a tall straight nose horn, and a parietal squamosal frill (a neck frill) crowned with at least four large spikes. Each of the four longest frill spines was comparable in length to the nose horn, at 50 to 55 cm long. The nasal horn was estimated by Lambe at 57 cm long in the type specimen, but the tip had not been preserved. Based on other nasal horn cores from Styracosaurus and Centrosaurus, this horn may have come to a more rounded point at around half of that length.

Aside from the large nasal horn and four long frill spikes, the cranial ornamentation was variable. Some individuals had small hook-like projections and knobs at the posterior margin of the frill, similar to but smaller than those in Centrosaurus. Others had less prominent tabs. Some, like the type individual, had a third pair of long frill spikes. Others had much smaller projections, and small points are found on the side margins of some but not all specimens. Modest pyramid-shaped brow horns were present in subadults, but were replaced by pits in adults. Like most ceratopsids, Styracosaurus had large fenestrae (skull openings) in its frill. The front of the mouth had a toothless beak.

The bulky body of Styracosaurus resembled that of a rhinoceros. It had powerful shoulders which may have been useful in intraspecies combat. Styracosaurus had a relatively short tail. Each toe bore a hooflike ungual which was sheathed in horn.

Various limb positions have been proposed for Styracosaurus and ceratopsids in general, including forelegs which were held underneath the body, or, alternatively, held in a sprawling position. The most recent work has put forward an intermediate crouched position as most likely.

Classification
Styracosaurus is a member of the Centrosaurinae. Other members of the clade include Centrosaurus (from which the group takes its name), Pachyrhinosaurus, Avaceratops, Einiosaurus,  Albertaceratops, Achelousaurus, Brachyceratops, and Monoclonius, although these last two are dubious. Because of the variation between species and even individual specimens of centrosaurines, there has been much debate over which genera and species are valid, particularly whether Centrosaurus and/or Monoclonius are valid genera, undiagnosable, or possibly members of the opposite sex. In 1996, Peter Dodson found enough variation between Centrosaurus, Styracosaurus, and Monoclonius to warrant separate genera, and that Styracosaurus resembled Centrosaurus more closely than either resembled Monoclonius. Dodson also believed one species of Monoclonius, M. nasicornis, may actually have been a female Styracosaurus. However, most other researchers have not accepted Monoclonius nasicornis as a female Styracosaurus, instead regarding it as a synonym of Centrosaurus apertus. While sexual dimorphism has been proposed for an earlier ceratopsian, Protoceratops, there is no firm evidence for sexual dimorphism in any ceratopsid. The cladogram depicted below represents a phylogenetic analysis by Chiba et al. (2017):

Origins and evolution
The evolutionary origins of Styracosaurus were not understood for many years because fossil evidence for early ceratopsians was sparse. The discovery of Protoceratops, in 1922, shed light on early ceratopsid relationships, but several decades passed before additional finds filled in more of the blanks. Fresh discoveries in the late 1990s and 2000s, including Zuniceratops, the earliest known ceratopsian with brow horns, and Yinlong, the first-known Jurassic ceratopsian, indicate what the ancestors of Styracosaurus may have looked like. These new discoveries have been important in illuminating the origins of horned dinosaurs in general, and suggest that the group originated during the Jurassic in Asia, with the appearance of true horned ceratopsians occurring by the beginning of the late Cretaceous in North America.

Goodwin and colleagues proposed in 1992 that Styracosaurus was part of the lineage leading to Einiosaurus, Achelousaurus and Pachyrhinosaurus. This was based on a series of fossil skulls from the Two Medicine Formation of Montana. The position of Styracosaurus in this lineage is now equivocal, as the remains that were thought to represent Styracosaurus have been transferred to the genus Rubeosaurus.

Styracosaurus is known from a higher position in the formation (relating specifically to its own genus) than the closely related Centrosaurus, suggesting that Styracosaurus displaced Centrosaurus as the environment changed over time and/or dimension. It has been suggested that Styracosaurus albertensis is a direct descendant of Centrosaurus (C. apertus or C. nasicornis), and that it in turn evolved directly into the slightly later species Rubeosaurus ovatus. Subtle changes can be traced in the arrangement of the horns through this lineage, leading from Rubeosaurus to Einiosaurus, to Achelousaurus and Pachyrhinosaurus. However, the lineage may not be a simple, straight line, as a pachyrhinosaur-like species has been reported from the same time and place as Styracosaurus albertensis.

In 2020, during the description of Stellasaurus, Wilson et al. found Styracosaurus (including S. ovatus) to be the earliest member of a single evolutionary lineage that eventually developed into Stellasaurus, Achelousaurus, and Pachyrhinosaurus.

Paleobiology
Styracosaurus and other horned dinosaurs are often depicted in popular culture as herd animals. A bonebed composed of Styracosaurus remains is known from the Dinosaur Park Formation of Alberta, about halfway up the formation. This bonebed is associated with different types of river deposits. The mass deaths may have been a result of otherwise non-herding animals congregating around a waterhole in a period of drought, with evidence suggesting the environment may have been seasonal and semi-arid.

Paleontologists Gregory Paul and Per Christiansen proposed that large ceratopsians such as Styracosaurus were able to run faster than an elephant, based on possible ceratopsian trackways which did not exhibit signs of sprawling forelimbs.

Dentition and diet
Styracosaurs were herbivorous dinosaurs; they probably fed mostly on low growth because of the position of the head. They may, however, have been able to knock down taller plants with their horns, beak, and bulk. The jaws were tipped with a deep, narrow beak, believed to have been better at grasping and plucking than biting.

Ceratopsid teeth, including those of Styracosaurus, were arranged in groups called batteries. Older teeth on top were continually replaced by the teeth underneath them. Unlike hadrosaurids, which also had dental batteries, ceratopsid teeth sliced but did not grind. Some scientists have suggested that ceratopsids like Styracosaurus ate palms and cycads, while others have suggested ferns. Dodson has proposed that Late Cretaceous ceratopsians may have knocked down angiosperm trees and then sheared off leaves and twigs.

Horns and frill
The large nasal horns and frills of Styracosaurus are among the most distinctive facial adornments of all dinosaurs. Their function has been the subject of debate since the first horned dinosaurs were discovered.

Early in the 20th century, paleontologist R. S. Lull proposed that the frills of ceratopsian dinosaurs acted as anchor points for their jaw muscles. He later noted that for Styracosaurus, the spikes would have given it a formidable appearance. In 1996, Dodson supported the idea of muscle attachments in part and created detailed diagrams of possible muscle attachments in the frills of Styracosaurus and Chasmosaurus, but did not subscribe to the idea that they completely filled in the fenestrae. C. A. Forster, however, found no evidence of large muscle attachments on the frill bones.

It was long believed that ceratopsians like Styracosaurus used their frills and horns in defence against the large predatory dinosaurs of the time. Although pitting, holes, lesions, and other damage on ceratopsid skulls are often attributed to horn damage in combat, a 2006 study found no evidence for horn thrust injuries causing these forms of damage (for example, there is no evidence of infection or healing). Instead, non-pathological bone resorption, or unknown bone diseases, are suggested as causes. However, a newer study compared incidence rates of skull lesions in Triceratops and Centrosaurus and showed that these were consistent with Triceratops using its horns in combat and the frill being adapted as a protective structure, while lower pathology rates in Centrosaurus may indicate visual rather than physical use of cranial ornamentation, or a form of combat focused on the body rather than the head; as Centrosaurus was more closely related to Styracosaurus and both genera had long nasal horns, the results for this genus would be more applicable for Styracosaurus. The researchers also concluded that the damage found on the specimens in the study was often too localized to be caused by bone disease.

The large frill on Styracosaurus and related genera also may have helped to increase body area to regulate body temperature, like the ears of the modern elephant. A similar theory has been proposed regarding the plates of Stegosaurus, although this use alone would not account for the bizarre and extravagant variation seen in different members of the Ceratopsidae. This observation is highly suggestive of what is now believed to be the primary function, display.

The theory of frill use in sexual display was first proposed in 1961 by Davitashvili. This theory has gained increasing acceptance. Evidence that visual display was important, either in courtship or in other social behavior, can be seen in the fact that horned dinosaurs differ markedly in their adornments, making each species highly distinctive. Also, modern living creatures with such displays of horns and adornments use them in similar behavior.

The use of the exaggerated structures in dinosaurs as species identification has been questioned, as no such function exists in vast majority of modern species of tetrapods (terrestrial vertebrates).

A skull discovered in 2015 from a Styracosaurus indicates that individual variation was likely commonplace in the genus. The asymmetrical nature of the horns in the specimen has been compared to deer, which often have asymmetrical antlers in various individuals. The study carried out may also indicate that the genus Rubeosaurus may be synonymous with Styracosaurus as a result.

Paleoecology
Styracosaurus is known from the Dinosaur Park Formation, and was a member of a diverse and well-documented fauna of prehistoric animals that included horned relatives such as Centrosaurus and Chasmosaurus, duckbills such as Prosaurolophus, Lambeosaurus, Gryposaurus, Corythosaurus, and Parasaurolophus, ornithomimids Struthiomimus, tyrannosaurids Gorgosaurus, and Daspletosaurus, and armored Edmontonia and Euoplocephalus.

The Dinosaur Park Formation is interpreted as a low-relief setting of rivers and floodplains that became more swampy and influenced by marine conditions over time as the Western Interior Seaway transgressed westward. The climate was warmer than present-day Alberta, without frost, but with wetter and drier seasons. Conifers were apparently the dominant canopy plants, with an understory of ferns, tree ferns, and angiosperms.

In the Two Medicine Formation, dinosaurs that lived alongside Styracosaurus ovatus included the basal ornithopod Orodromeus, hadrosaurids (such as Hypacrosaurus, Maiasaura, and Prosaurolophus), the centrosaurines Brachyceratops and Einiosaurus, the leptoceratopsid Cerasinops, the ankylosaurs Edmontonia and Euoplocephalus, the tyrannosaurid Daspletosaurus (which appears to have been a specialist of preying on ceratopsians), as well as the smaller theropods Bambiraptor, Chirostenotes, Troodon, and Avisaurus.

title: Styracosaurus


text:
Argyll and Bute (UK Parliament constituency)

Argyll and Bute was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was created for the 1983 general election, merging most of Argyll with some of Bute and Northern Ayrshire, and then superseded by Argyll, Bute and South Lochaber in the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies.

Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the constituency will comprise the vast majority of the new Argyll, Bute and South Lochaber constituency, to be first contested at the 2024 general election.

Boundaries
1983–2005: Argyll and Bute District.

2005–2024: The area of the Argyll and Bute Council.

When created in 1983, the constituency covered the area of the Argyll and Bute district of the Strathclyde region. In 2005 it was enlarged to cover the Argyll and Bute council area, which had been created in 1996. Thus Helensburgh, already included within the new council area, was included in the constituency. Helensburgh had been within the Dunbarton district until 1996, and within the Dumbarton constituency until 2005.

Politics
Argyll and Bute was one of the few four-way marginal constituencies in the UK. The Liberal Democrats held the seat from 1987, when they took it from the Conservatives, until 2015 when the SNP won the seat. The equivalent seat to Argyll and Bute in the Scottish Parliament was lost to the SNP in 2007, with Labour representing the overlapping constituency of Dumbarton to the southeast covering Helensburgh and Lomond. Since 2017, the Scottish Conservatives have been the main challengers in the seat.


text: User talk:68.34.46.62

title: User talk:68.34.46.62


text:
User talk:Sandralb

(R)Tm Page in Progress "About the Graffiti House Interface"

e. Print or Read this explanation of why Graffiti was created by Sandra Lather-Benson ©1996 [2/2005 date of V-10 release]. [1,2,3,]Tm V-10: This is an unlicensed version of music and/ or likeness'.

Therefore it is not for sale. Demonstration purposes only. Promotions: Visit Sandra's on-line Portfolio and future on-line store currently

located at: http://sandralb.hypermart.net

e-mail: sandra_benson15@Hotmail.com Available for CD or DVD project creation. Let Mirror Arts put it together for you...

Click here to see one of the most famous underground and most imitated commercials in America. [] s.benson©1998 "In A World"

INCLUDED IN THIS ARTICLE:

I. WHEN, WHERE and ABOUT THE Curator of Graffiti House

II. WHAT [RESUME.html] has Sandra been doing in the past 7 years since Graduate Degree in 1997:

III. HOW About the Graffiti House Interface [1,2,3,]Tm IV. WHO CREDITS and Thanks Also request a copy of the groundbreaking cross-platform version of the Powerpoint GST auto run CD-ROM version of her Design Portfolio for Multimedia, Video, Animation Publishing and Fine Arts. It is one of her most comprehensive Demo Portfolio's.. With downloadable resumes, Powerpoint player, Adobe Acrobat and Quicktime, Media Player for viewing the presentation and its goodies on cross-platform formats. Sandra is available to consult on your promotional projects contact her at You may send a donation of any amount on behalf of: The U.S. Department of Education c/o The account of Sandra Lather-Benson National Payment Center P.O. Box 4169 Greenville, TX 75403-4169

[ABOUT THE CURATOR:]

Back to Top

Sandra was very much affected by the youth violence of the early 1990's. The Rodney King incident and many other examples of violence against segments of the population, which also seemed to be incensed by the combination of gang activities. So when she started her graduate work in the mid 1990's, she wanted to participate in a way that would not only affect her life in a positive way but she wanted to create a delivery system for other professionals in the communities where the violence occurred. Her goal was to create a blueprint for them to utilize their talents and to partner with community organizations to assist the at-risk youth and help them realize a choice rather than gang membership to give them a sense of hope and inspiration.

Working with the church, where she had her membership, Church of All Faiths in Oakland, California; Sandra spoke with the Church Pastor, the late Rev. Willie R. Daniels, who was very supportive. Sandra knew that in order for a program to work that it had to have more than just a plan. This is when she decided to align her major studies with the specific segment of the population who created a most negatively viewed subject matter (Graffiti). The idea was to choose one of the most infamous subject matters and to focus on the segment of the population who created this subject matter. Then with community cooperation to take such negative subject and transform it into a positive for the people who create it. This is the legacy of mural painting; and while mural painting itself is not a novel concept, the idea of reaching out to and offering guidance to community professionals who are interested in using their skills to develop similar projects, was a novel idea. In a sense, this decision "kicks it up a notch". You reach more people and the replication possibilities in the idea is marketing genius.

Sandra's interests were focused on Multimedia and Animation, to support the project. Deciding to use her skills in this way, posed a challenge. Not only because the project would require a lot more additional time and support. But also because she was new at 3-D software and it would be difficult to put in the hours necessary to become comfortable with the software and focus on such a large scale Thesis at the same time. Sandra realized that this was indeed the challenge of any thesis study and that the time would need to be utilized to the fullest in order to make it work.

The models and animation although still hauntingly beautiful, and by no means considered to be astounding according to today's standards. We are all so used to seeing animation footage, which is created and assisted by such ground breaking software as Dreamworks' and ILM's Maya or SoftImage's 3-D algorithms. The models were built in earlier versions of high-end software such as Form-Z and animated in Electric Image. Even by today's standard the animation is in no way crude. Every kinematics movement was set manually. The creation of a realistic moving face was not attempted anywhere in the industry at that point. These were all brave and courageous ground breaking innovations in 1996. Still, the Archetype of the images branded by the Graffiti House Tour will stand the test of time. Through "Director Software" the look and feel of the physical design of the project are designed for a target market of 10 to 20 year olds.

The 8 interfaces (Nine with the "About Graffiti House.htm" interface) are beautiful and elegant in minimalist stylized format. Keep in mind that the actual target market for this project is community conscious professional adults who want to promote their uplifting projects. Since the target market of this project changed after the project began, it was more time expedient and more fun in this case, to keep the project consistent from beginning to end. Don't let the playfulness in the design of this project fool you. Reviewing Sandra's portfolio will make you aware of the ability of the artist to create designs appropriate for the specific project. Any project should be appropriate for the industry and demographics of your target group. The inspirational nature of this piece is classic in its contribution to technical innovation and its iconic relevance makes it fun for all ages. It is an archetype in its crossover appeal. It has been the inspiration for many projects which we see on a daily basis. If you are reminded of any trends as you tune your Competitive Intelligence into this piece, chances are Graffiti House was the originator.

Sandra came up with a brilliant marketing solution. Why not make the visual learning process, a part of the project. Therefore, in the beginning of the creative process part of the project (the #1 in the Main Menu); she left in the very early animation samples, some of which were very rough. Sandra knew that it would be obvious when the entire sequence was viewed that you would be able to see the progression of her skill on a cognizant and subconscious level. Sandra became very interested in the honesty of allowing her viewers to follow her progression of skill in her storytelling. It was an important part of the process, which anyone who has ever attempted to develop a marketing mix or marketing strategy will be able to identity with. It is believed that this is one of the reasons that one can empathize with what Sandra is trying to communicate on a archetype level as the "journey". It is important for the viewer to know that Sandra does still intend to seek funding for the Graffiti House art project. But that as she began to get involved in the 3 steps of the Menu, the steps became even more important on a Psychographic level. She realized that because of the abbreviated format which great struggle, and limited time affords in the development of a process, the benefit is the process itself, which others could then follow. For example if someone studied the process of this project, without the extra added pressure of having to create a graduate thesis for a grade, they would be able to have the process affect them at a subconscious level and it would seem miraculously easy for them to discover how to use their skills and talents to set up a simular program. Of course, the miracle is the help of the subconscious mind, which understands and grasps technique at a much more effective level than the conscious mind. If you are working on any creative project and you are stuck or feeling stagnated, I dare you to take the Graffiti House Tour. It is power and inspiring on many levels.

Along with the Graffiti House (GH) CD-ROM, who's interface is explained in the "How section." was a 60 page Thesis Paper; The paper was also required to be published along with the CD-ROM. This paper and the CD were published in September 1997 at the Thesis Review Exhibit. The project received a thorough evaluation from Sandra's peers and her instructors. Every thesis project is also archived in the Graduate Thesis section of The Academy of Art library. GH was such a popular project, it has been studied and viewed by many other graduate students in the past 7 years and has been an inspiration to many others. Many people copy and emulate the process of discovery which Graffiti House celebrates.

This was a very successful project on the basis of its benefits as a Research and Development project alone. Imitation is the sincerest form of flattery. But as Sandra sent the project out for portfolio reviews to many employers, artists, musicians and other professionals have benefited from the research of this project. The [1,2,3,] description of the process of setting up a project represents a paradigm shift in itself. This is of course one of the most overlooked and under credited aspects of the Graffiti House project. Although Sandra has not yet pursued raising the funding necessary to carry out her art project, she has allowed hundreds of other people to see the steps necessary to successfully implement their own community projects. In short, it is marketing at its best.

Sandra initiated this project for that very reason. Although, breaking into a new career did not allow the resources to pursue the support needed to assist in initiating the project; Sandra should still receive credit for the years of time which she dedicated to building this project. Not to mention the $90,000 of student loans that she accrued while attending her graduate project. Sandra, has worked exceedingly hard for the last 7 years in the print and production industries. She went form the ground floor at Kinko's, all the way to the management position, where she supervised the Production department for OfficeMax. See more about how she has spent the last 7 years in the "What" Resume section.

Sandra has decided to use the Internet to promote her products and services. She is offering her collection of Fine Arts paintings for the first time. Many of these pieces are prints as well as the original pieces. The artwork is eclectic in its subject matter. It is phonominal in its skill level and relevance. This is the portfolio, which qualified her for her graduate studies. They will be exhibited for sale for the first time ever. Because of the immense debt that she accrued in graduate school, Sandra is asking that when you utilize the tools which are evident in this project which she is currently test marketing, that if you choose to contribute a donation of any size to The Department of Education on her behalf to help repay the $90,000, which she accrued as her educational expenses, you may do so by sending any donation amount to:

the academic account of :

Sandra Lather-Benson National Payment Center The US Department of Education P.O. Box 4169 Greenville, TX 75403-4169

or

Sandra is also a Masters level Multimedia and Animation specialist. Available to Consultant on your multimedia promotional projects on CD or DVD. sandra_benson15@Hotmail.com

A Note from Sandra: "It feels very good to know that so many people love Graffiti House and can benefit from its Research and Development stage. But until all of the unlicensed music can be legalized the project cannot be sold. We are in the process of applying for patents for the software and for the llicensing of the various musical samples and celebrity likeness'. This process is very expensive and time consuming. Therefore, any money which is donated in excess of the $90,000 student loans, would then be used to license the CD for sale. The profits of course will be split with the various entities, which choose to sale or loan us their approval for the music included in the piece. The third part of the profit from this piece will be used to implement the art project." Thank you for your assistance in promoting this project.

Sandra Benson dedicated her Graduate Thesis Project to providing a model for any professional who wants to use their talents to contribute assistance and guidance to their communities. If you would like to speak with sandra to give feedback or to hire her as a consultant on your promotional CD or design projects, contact her at:

sandra_benson15@Hotmail.com

or leave a message of any length at

"GRAFFITI HOUSE" v10 ©1996-2005 Sandra Benson

When reviewing the CD CAUTION: Please be patient with the loading process. The project has been compressed and optimized for speed, depending on your computer, it can still take up to 40 to 50 seconds to load the program. If the program seems to stall, click into the interface, this will usually cue the program forward.

To request a copy of CD-Email:sandra_benson15@Hotmail.com

E.g.: allow the Butterfly to fly before you try to proceed. For best result and interactivity, allow the interface to proceed and settle down at a main window before proceeding. CD is Mac and PC. Project will set your monitor to "Thousands of Colors" and 640x480 resolution. You will need at least 24 mg. of RAM. Should run well from the CD without copying interface. But if you need to copy the Graffiti House program. Copy only the Main file "Graffiti House.html", not the support files, then run it from your desktop. Keep in mind that running the program in this way is less efficient, be cause it will prompt you to connect it to all of it's movies residing on the CD for resource files. Thanks.

The full interface contains 3 separate sections. Read about the 1,2,3 Main interface in the next section.

Back to Top

Menu [1,2,3,]

 * 1) 1. THE GRAFFITI HOUSE TOUR: is to be used as a positive reinforcement for a development of the " CREATIVE PROCESS"; (AS WELL AS a pick-me-up for transitional times). It will allow you time to refresh and is a proven subliminal (painless) positive thought generator. Go ahead and take the Graffiti House plunge, you will feel the surge or positive energy generated by it's 10 to 15 minutes break in your day. It IS a great motivator for all ages. Life is a journey.

 * 1) 2. Is THE FOUR BUTTON INTERFACE. Is all about the promotion or fund raising aspects of supportive projects. It contains:

1. The Graffiti House Promo-a 30 second promotion for the "Graffiti House" children's project. It is the original inspiration for the entire project. It seeks to be the symbolic representation of a negative subject (Graffiti) which can be iconoclastically transformed into a positive; in the form of a children's art project which can be seen as a model for community professionals who can utilize the same concept to answer the question, "What can I as one person do to assist our children in their "at risk or transitional times". The project has been an inspiration to community leaders. Its very existence is testimony to the community professionals that we can work through partnerships with nonprofit organizations, such as the Community Church's and other community organizations to reach young people and make a difference in their lives. It just takes a model project and a willingness and drive to make a difference. 2. The ARTIST PORTFOLIO. These are some 2D and 3D ideas which started the brainstorming aspects of the PROMOTIONS PROCESS. 3. The JAZZ KINGS card deck-a multimedia tribute to some of the artist's favorite jazz artist. Work is in progress and is therefore Not included with the Version (6) (CAC) entry. The software is patent pending and will be sold as a separate promotional project. 4. The GRAFFITI AT THE STOPLIGHT is a game-like tribute to two great graffiti artist of the 1980's. It is very helpful as a model to young artist who are not generally aware that the graffiti artist has in the proper environment, enjoyed such widespread acceptance. Or it can contain information about any subject which you choose to promote your own project or fund raising aspects of your mission.
 * 1) 3. INTERVIEWS is also a work in progress but it's focus is on support for your project. For Example, in Graffiti House your will hear from some community leaders, instructor, and some kids who actually have created graffiti.

Recently added is a "Conversation with the "God's Gift Choir" who volunteered their input on the affects of positive motivation projects.

Back to Top

Acknowledgments: Would like to thank: Jon Dobson an Instructor from the Academy of Art (then College, now University) and friend, who consistently supported and guided me through the madness and chaos that helped to define and formulate the focus of "Graffiti House". As Jon says, "Graffiti House is a bridge". Roxann Farrar, a friend and former instructor of Academy of Art College, who also guided and supported the project in its early formative stages.

Walter from Muni's Graffiti Clean up project. Also the kids who were so openly and unselfishly supportive of a children's art project. Even though they did not seek to benefit from it personally.

Rev. Willie R. Daniels and all of the Guilds

The Children's Choir of Church of All Faiths & Danny Flemming. The Church of All Faiths for it's support and encouragement. I love you all and I will not forget you nor the ONE GOD (HEAD) who makes all things possible through Christ.

LAST BUT NOT LEAST-My husband LEON who has struggled throughout the hunger and pain with me and is still here. MUCH LOVE, Sandra Lather-Benson

MUSIC: Waiting to Exhale: Whitney Houston_ Chante Moore-"Wey U" Miles Runs the Voodoo Down_All Blues: Miles Davis: Anything Goes_The lady is a Tramp: Ella Fitzgerald_ The Cole Porter Song Book All the Way & The Way you Wear Your Hat: Billie Holiday Maxwell Snoop Free Styling

Books: Contemporary Art, Klaus Honnef, Tachen, 1994 New, Used & Improved Art for the 80's, Peter Frank and Michael Mc Kenzie, Abbebille Press, New York, 1987 Keith Haring, Peintures, Sculptures et Dessins, capc Musee d'art contemporain de Bordeaux bodyscape, art, modernity and the ideal figure, Nicholas Mizoeff, Routledge, London and New York, 1995

title: User talk:Sandralb


text:
File:Uniao barbarense football.png

Logo of União Barbarense

Source of the image: High Quality Football Logos

Fair use rationale for União Agrícola Barbarense Futebol Clube article
The image linked here is claimed to be used under fair use as:
 * 1) Doesn't infringe ability of União Agrícola Barbarense Futebol Clube to make money.
 * 2) Low resolution.
 * 3) No free replacement available.
 * 4) Useful as a visual representation of the football club.

title: File:Uniao barbarense football.png


text:
User talk:Robbyslaughter

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Zzyzx11 | Talk 23:10, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Hi
Robby, just a quick note (while I still remember), so you can find me. Dragons flight 21:12, 26 November 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Robbyslaughter


text:
Aljustrel

Aljustrel is a town and a municipality in the Portuguese district of Beja. The population in 2011 was 9,257, in an area of 458.47 km2. The present mayor is Nelson Domingos Brito, elected by the Socialist Party. The municipal holiday is June 13.

History
During the Roman era, Aljustrel was known as Metallum Vispascense. It was occupied by the Moors but in 1235 the town was conquered from them by King D. Sancho II.

The first foral (charter) was only conceded by King Sancho in 1252.

A new foral was issued on 20 September 1510, by King D. Manuel I.

On 28 January 2013, the civil parishes of Aljustrel and Rio dos Minhos were aggregated into one local authority called Aljustrel (Decree 11-A/2013, Diário da República, Série 1, 19).

Geography
Administratively, the municipality is divided into 4 civil parishes:
 * Aljustrel e Rio de Moinhos
 * Ervidel
 * Messejana
 * São João de Negrilhos

International relations
Aljustrel is twinned with:
 * 🇫🇷 Hem, in the département of Nord, France

Notable People
Notable people from Aljustrel include:
 * Manuel de Brito Camacho (1862—1934) a military officer, writer, publicist and politician; High Commissioner to Portuguese Mozambique, 1921-1923
 * António Lobo de Almada Negreiros (1868–1939) a journalist and colonialist writer, essayist and poet; he lived in São Tomé Island
 * Fernanda Peleja Patrício (1929 –2000). Portuguese communist who opposed the Estado Novo regime, president of the Aljustrel council, 1986–1989.
 * João Rebelo (born 1961) a former sport shooter who competed in each Summer Olympics from 1984 to 2000
 * Jorge Soares (born 1971) a Portuguese retired footballer with 396 club caps

Civic

 * Cinema/Theatre of Aljustrel (Cine-Teatro de Aljustrel/Cine Oriental)
 * Fountain of Alonso Gomes (Chafariz de Alonso Gomes)
 * Mines of Aljustrel (Minas de Aljustrel)
 * Mines of São João do Deserto (Termas de São João do Deserto/Minas de São João do Deserto)
 * Municipal Palace/Hall of Messejana (Câmara Municipal, Cadeia Comarcã e Torre do Relógio de Messejana)
 * Museum of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia (Casa da Rua do Espírito Santo, 5/Museu da Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Messejana)
 * Pillory of Messejana (Pelourinho de Messejana)
 * Residence of the Majorat Moreiras (Casa dos Morgados Moreiras)

Military

 * Castle of Aljustrel (Castelo de Aljustrel)
 * Castle of Messejana (Castelo de Messejana)

Religious

 * Chapel of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia (Capela da Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Aljustrel)
 * Chapel of São Pedro (Capela de São Pedro)
 * Church of Nossa Senhora da Assunção (Ermida de Nossa Senhora da Assunção/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Assunção)
 * Church of Nossa Senhora do Castelo (Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Castelo)
 * Church of Nossa Senhora do Rosário (Igreja Paroquial de Messejana/Igreja de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios)
 * Church of the Santa Casa da Misericórdia of Messejana (Igreja da Santa Casa da Misericórdia de Messejana)
 * Church of the Santissimo Salvador (Igreja Paroquial de Aljustrel/Igreja do Santíssimo Salvador)
 * Church of São João (Igreja Paroquial de São João de Negrilhos/Igreja de Montes Velhos/Igreja de São João)
 * Church of São Julião (Igreja Paroquial de Ervidel/Igreja de São Julião)
 * Hermitage of Santa Margarida (Ermida de Santa Margarida)
 * Stations of the Cross of Messejana (Passos da Via Sacra de Messejana)

title: Aljustrel


text:
Hants—Kings

Hants—Kings was a federal electoral district in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1935.

This riding was created in 1924 from Hants and Kings ridings. It consisted of the Counties of Hants and Kings. It was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed into Colchester—Hants and Digby—Annapolis—Kings ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Hants—Kings


text:
Queens—Lunenburg

Queens—Lunenburg was a federal electoral district in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1949 and from 1953 to 1968.

This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Lunenburg and Shelburne and Queen's ridings. It consisted of the counties of Queens and Lunenburg. It was abolished in 1947 when it was redistributed into Lunenburg and Queens—Shelburne ridings.

The district was re-created in 1952 from Lunenburg and Queens—Shelburne, and was abolished in 1966 when it was merged into South Shore riding.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following Members of Parliament:

title: Queens—Lunenburg


text:
União Agrícola Barbarense Futebol Clube

União Agrícola Barbarense Futebol Clube, or simply União Barbarense, is a Brazilian football team based in Santa Bárbara d'Oeste, São Paulo. Founded on 22 November 1914, it plays in Campeonato Paulista Segunda Divisão.

Home stadium is the Antônio R. Guimarães stadium, capacity 15,000.

The club's home colours are white and black and the team mascot is a lion.

History
On November 14, 1914, the club was founded. On May 22, 1921, União Barbarense's stadium was inaugurated. In 1921, the team affiliated to APEA (Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos, "Paulista Association of Athletic Sports") and played their first match in São Paulo State's Campeonato Oficial de Futebol Amador (Amateur Football Official Championship"). In 1948, the club was Amateur FPF (Federação Paulista de Futebol) champion of its Region.

In 1956, União Barbarense took a leave of FPF's Championship. In 1957, the club was Amateur champion of Liga Barbarense de Futebol ("Barbarense Football League")'s Barbarense Championship. In 1961, União Barbarense was amateur champion of Liga Barbarense de Futebol's Taça Cidade. In 1963, the team was amateur champion of the last edition of Liga Barbarense de Futebol's Taça Cidade.

In 1964, the club affiliated to FPF, became a professional club and competed in the Campeonato Paulista. In 1966, União Barbarense was promoted to Campeonato Paulista Second Division. In 1967, the club was promoted to Campeonato Paulista First Division, just one division below the Special Division. In 1968, União Barbarense competed in the Campeonato Paulista First Division.

In 1972, the club took a leave of FPF's Championship, returning in the following year. In 1974, União Barbarense finished in Campeonato Paulista First Division's fourth place (there was no promotion to the Special Division in that year). In 1975, the club finished in Campeonato Paulista First Division's third place (there was no promotion to the Special Division in that year). In 1977 and 1978, the club was not included in the Intermediate Division, created in 1977, so, União Barbarense did not play in any FPF competition.

In 1979, União Barbarense returned to play in FPF competitions. The team competed in the Campeonato Paulista Third Division. The Third Division, besides its name, was actually the fifth level of Campeonato Paulista. In 1980, the FPF created a Second Division and promoted Barbarense to this division.

In 1990, the club was Campeonato Paulista Second Division's runner-up, returning to the Intermediate Division. In 1991, União Barbarense competed in the Campeonato Paulista Intermediate Division. In 1994, the FPF restructured the Paulista competitions in A-1 (first level), A-2 (second level) and A-3 (third level). União Barbarense was placed in A-3 and finished in tenth place. In 1995, União Barbarense took a leave of Campeonato Paulista A-3. In the same year, Antônio Guimarães Stadium was expanded and modernized.

In 1996, União Barbarense competed again in the Campeonato Paulista A-3. In 1997, The club was Campeonato Paulista A-3's runner-up, and was promoted to the following year's A-2. In 1998, União Barbarense was A-2 champion, thus being promoted to the following year's Campeonato Paulista First Division. In 1999 the club competed in the Campeonato Paulista First Division for the first time.

In 2004, União Barbarense was Campeonato Brasileiro Third Division champion, and was promoted to Campeonato Brasileiro Second Division. In 2005, the club was relegated to Campeonato Paulista Second Division (A-2). In 2005, União Barbarense was relegated to Campeonato Brasileiro Third Division, after ending the league in 20th.

Stadium
União Barbarense play their games at Estádio Antônio Lins Ribeiro Guimarães, which has capacity to house 14,914 fans. Antônio Lins Ribeiro Guimarães stadium is a football stadium in the city of Santa Bárbara d'Oeste, in the State of São Paulo in Brazil. Its name was given in honor of a former president and patron of the club. The correct name is Estádio Antônio Guimarães, but the spoken press prefers to call the Estádio Antônio Lins Ribeiro Guimarães, full name of patron and former president, by finding more "sound" and ended up being used by other professionals in the sports industry.

It was inaugurated on May 21, 1921 and in its first game União Barbarense beat EC Concórdia of Campinas 3-1.

For years the stadium was benefited by numerous reforms, such as the one that replaced the old wooden bleachers to until today standing concrete grandstands flanking Vila Aparecida and the numbered chairs located in the section near the walls of EE Américo Emílio Romi.

In 1996, the União Agrícola Barbarense's stadium was expanded again in order to receive the games of the Campeonato Paulista Série A3 and upcoming national tournament games. The stadium has capacity to 14,914 people and is located on the street 13 de Maio street, number 1269, in Santa Bárbara d'Oeste.

On October 5, 2012, the Praça de Esporte Antônio Lins Ribeiro Guimarães received the news that after 91 years, would have installed on its place a modern electronic scoreboard, after 30 years, requested by fans and media professionals.

National

 * Campeonato Brasileiro Série C: 1
 * 2004

State

 * Campeonato Paulista Série A2: 1
 * 1998

 * Campeonato Paulista Série A3: 1
 * 1967

title: União Agrícola Barbarense Futebol Clube


text:
User talk:Superchav

Welcome to the Wikipedia
I noticed you were new, and wanted to share some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library

For more information click  here . You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Sam Spade 23:11, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

how do you make it red
how do you make it red?

 * Not sure what you mean... Sam Spade 00:07, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

you have bold in red

 * Thats a picture (try clicking it), but you can make things red alot of ways, one is like this: Red

 * Sam Spade 00:13, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Superchav


text:
Richmond—West Cape Breton

Richmond—West Cape Breton was a federal electoral district in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1935. This riding was created in 1924 from Cape Breton South and Richmond riding. It consisted of the County of Richmond and the part of the County of Cape Breton lying east of East Bay and south of the electoral district of Cape Breton South. It was abolished with a law passed to merge Richmond—West Cape Breton into Inverness—Richmond in 1933, which was duly carried out in 1935 with the election of the first member to the new riding.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
The by-election was called due to Macdonald's acceptance of a paid role, or office of emolument, from the Crown on 22 August 1930.

title: Richmond—West Cape Breton


text:
Shelburne—Yarmouth

Shelburne—Yarmouth was a federal electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1935.

This riding was created in 1924 from Shelburne and Queen's and Yarmouth and Clare ridings. It consisted of the Counties of Shelburne and Yarmouth. It was abolished in 1933 when it was merged into Shelburne—Yarmouth—Clare.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
By-election: On Mr. Hatfield being called to the Senate, 6 October 1926

title: Shelburne—Yarmouth


text:
Talk:Sixes (Enneagram of Personality)

Er... what's this article all about?? IMHO it could do with an introductory paragraph for the general reader. Ben Finn 23:12, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * It's about the Enneagram. I've added a little intro, but since the notice says "not enough context", I'll let it be. --Mathew 16:25, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

The point of disintegration and integration got reversed. Don Richard Riso and Russ Hudson say the Six's integration point is Nine and disintegration point is Three. What is going on? Gnayshkr3020 (talk) 01:38, 14 April 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sixes (Enneagram of Personality)


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Cartier (electoral district)

Cartier was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1968. The riding covered much of Montreal's old Jewish district (from 1933 including parts of the Mile End neighbourhood). It was one of the smallest ridings in the country in area.

It was created in 1924 from parts of George-Étienne Cartier riding.

Cartier is the only riding in Canada to have elected a Communist to the House of Commons: Fred Rose, who was elected in a 1943 by-election, and re-elected in 1945. Rose ran under the banner of the Labor-Progressive Party, which was a front organization for the banned Communist Party of Canada during the 1940s and 1950s. Sam Jacobs was the riding's MP for many years and was in his final years also the president of the Canadian Jewish Congress.

The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Laurier, Outremont and Saint-Jacques ridings.

Every single MP to represent this riding was Jewish.

title: Cartier (electoral district)


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Charlevoix—Saguenay (federal electoral district)

Charlevoix—Saguenay was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1949.

This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Charlevoix—Montmorency and Chicoutimi—Saguenay ridings.

It initially consisted of the Counties of Charlevoix-East, Charlevoix-West and Saguenay, l'Isle-aux-Coudres, the territories of Ashuanipi and New Quebec, the Island of Anticosti and the County of Montmorency No. 1, excluding the municipalities of St. Jean de Boischatel, L'Ange Gardien and Ste. Brigitte de Laval.

In 1933, it was redefined to consist of
 * the counties of Charlevoix-East and Charlevoix-West and l'Ile aux Coudres;
 * the county of Saguenay and the Island of Anticosti;
 * the county of Montmorency No. 1, excepting the parts included in the municipalities of St-Jean-de-Boischatel and L'Ange-Gardien; and
 * the territory of New Quebec.

The district was abolished in 1947 when it was redistributed into Charlevoix and Saguenay ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
By-election: On Mr. Casgrain accepting an office of emolument under the Crown, 15 December 1941.


text:
User talk:Airunp

Welcome to the Wikipedia
I noticed you were new, and wanted to share some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library

For more information click  here . You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Sam Spade 23:13, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Spanish wikipedia
Gosh - I noticed you adding an interwiki to Kimbolton Castle and then saw your translations of various English articles into Spanish - fantastic! Are there any that ought to be coming the other way? I did Palmeral of Elche the other week, and Vall de Boí is also on my personal list of redlinks -- 10:26, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

Wilhelm Frick
Hi there; there is an error in this article which you created, which has been un-noticed since its creation. Frick was not in charge of German police forses - they were under the control of the Ministers of the Interior of the individual states. I propose changing the text in 48 hours unless someone gives a good reason not to.--Anthony.bradbury 20:15, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:01, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Airunp


text:
User talk:Kyle543

Welcome to the Wikipedia
I noticed you were new, and wanted to share some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library

For more information click  here . You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Sam Spade 23:13, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for work on Islamic articles
Hi, Kyle. Thanks for your work on various articles relating to early Islamic history. They are frequently vandalized, either by anti-Islamic bigots, or by Sunni and Shi'a intent on spreading their own views. I'm hoping that the current state of world affairs will be improved by people understanding each other, for which good information is a necessity. Wikipedia can help provide it, if it isn't vandalized or turned into a soapbox. Zora 10:00, 17 July 2005 (UTC)

September 2007
Welcome to Wikipedia. It might not have been your intention, but your recent contribution removed content from House of Braganza. Please be careful when editing pages and do not remove content from Wikipedia without a good reason, which should be specified in the edit summary. Take a look at the welcome page to learn more about contributing to this encyclopedia. If you would like to experiment again, please use the sandbox. Thank you.  – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 22:41, 23 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry; saw your edit on the talk page. I've restored your edit.  – Mike.lifeguard  | talk 22:43, 23 September 2007 (UTC)

Lusitania
Hello Kyle543! Lusitania and Viriathus have been extensively edited by an anon user which seemed serious in its intents and demonstrated an apparent knowledge of the issues... If you found that it is only OR and POV please help by correcting it! You are the "the theoretical good wikipedia editor"! Thank you. The Ogre (talk) 16:16, 18 February 2008 (UTC)

 * I have been editing Viriathus and also a bit in Lusitania. There are references there if you find one that you think is not right please discuss it in the talk page, mainly the specific parts you do not agree. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.180.92.182 (talk) 12:39, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Kaw-Liga
Hi Kyle,

You said back in July that the IPA for Kaw-Liga was wrong. I figured it was, but how is the word pronounced? I've never heard the song. kwami (talk) 07:36, 9 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Okay, thanks.
 * I'm not the one to work on Manitou! kwami (talk) 03:16, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

Question
Would you please translate the entry "pt:Críticas à Rede Globo" for the wiki-en? Thankfully. 177.182.54.27 (talk) 14:23, 9 December 2014 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kyle543


text:
Joseph Evans Sperry

Joseph Evans Sperry (1854–1930) was an American architect, noted for designing buildings in Baltimore. He was born in Georgetown, South Carolina and later relocated to Baltimore, Maryland, where he partnered with James Bosley Noel Wyatt to form the architectural firm Wyatt and Sperry. Their affiliation lasted from 1878 to 1887. The two probably became acquainted while working in the office of Architect, E. Francis Baldwin, where he worked from 1872 until 1876. With Wyatt, he designed a number of buildings around Baltimore before breaking off on his own. Sperry became one of Baltimore's leading architects, designing many public buildings, including churches, hospitals, and banks. In 1914 he was named a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects. Sperry also designed several buildings at Johns Hopkins University and one building at West Virginia University. Sperry's most famous building is probably the Emerson "Bromo-Seltzer" Tower in Baltimore. Sperry's buildings were designed in a variety of styles, but overall were eclectic. Sperry practiced architecture independently from 1888 until he died in 1930.

Selected works

 * 1891: Equitable Building, Baltimore, Maryland
 * 1892: The Eutaw Place Temple of congregation Oheb Shalom
 * 1896: Brewers Exchange, Baltimore, Maryland
 * 1897: St. Mark's Lutheran Church, Baltimore, Maryland
 * 1911: Emerson "Bromo-Seltzer" Tower, Baltimore, Maryland
 * 1914: Maryland Hall at Johns Hopkins University's Whiting School of Engineering
 * 1917: Whitehall, Narragansett, Rhode Island
 * 1930: Young Men's and Young Women's Hebrew Association Building, Baltimore, Maryland

title: Joseph Evans Sperry


text:
Michael Winslow

Michael Leslie Winslow (born September 6, 1958) is an American actor, comedian and beatboxer billed as The Man of 10,000 Sound Effects for his ability to make realistic sounds using only his voice. He is best known for his roles in all seven Police Academy films as Larvell Jones. He has also appeared in Spaceballs, Cheech and Chong's Next Movie and Nice Dreams, The Love Boat, and commercials for Cadbury and GEICO.

Early life
Winslow was born in Spokane, Washington, the son of Verdie and Robert Winslow. He grew up at Fairchild Air Force Base near Spokane, and later attended the Lisa Maile School of Acting, Modeling and Imaging.

According to his own account, Winslow had few friends growing up. To pass time, he would imitate the sounds of engines, animals, flatulence, anything that made noise. Following high school and college he performed in nightclubs and theaters, where his sound imitation skills won him positive appraisal and enough money to move to and perform his act in Hollywood.

Career
His first television appearance was on The Gong Show in which he squeezed in sound-alikes of Benji the movie dog, Star Trek, and Jimi Hendrix's "Purple Haze". He is best known for his role as Larvell Jones in the Police Academy series of movies and TV shows. He was cast in the role after he was seen opening for Count Basie. In 1985, Island Records released a 12" of Michael Winslow entitled "I Am My Own Walkman". The song peaked at number 60 in Australia.

In 1986, Winslow presented the Best Sound Effects Editing Oscar to Charles L. Campbell and Robert Rutledge for their work on Back to the Future. During 1986 he played the role of Spencer, the Assistant Cruise Director on the ninth and final season of The Love Boat.

In 1987, Winslow appeared as a radar operator in the movie Spaceballs, in which he performs all the sound effects himself during one scene. Mel Brooks (who wrote, directed, produced, and co-starred in the film) stated that, by doing so, Winslow saved the film money. Winslow is also a motivational speaker. Since the fall of 2008, Winslow has hosted a motion-picture television series called Way Back Wednesday with Winslow on the cable superstation WGN America, which features movies mostly released in the 1980s. He continues to perform stand-up comedy around the globe.

Michael Winslow debuted his own iPhone and iPod Touch apps in 2010, bringing his sound effects and comedy to a mobile platform. ThatsKungFu generates Winslow's kung fu fighting sounds when the device is swung in a fighting motion. NoizeyMan, billed as the "World's Noiziest App", contains video, ringtones, sound effects, and mini games, all created by Winslow.

In 2011, Winslow worked with Orlando, Florida-based game development studio Phyken Media on a mobile game for iOS and Android platforms entitled Wizard Ops Chapter 1, providing all the sound effects for the game. He also lent his voice on Wizard Ops Tactics, a turn-based tactical game and spiritual successor to the previous game.

He was also featured in a commercial for GEICO Insurance during their "we hired a celebrity" ad campaign.

In 2020, Winslow guest starred on the Dropout.tv show Game Changer as a substitute for Zachary Oyama. He won Episode 10 of Season 3, and the episode aired on 22 January 2021.

In 2021, Winslow auditioned for the sixteenth season of America's Got Talent. Following the airing of his audition, he had a guest appearance on the Talent Recap Show where he showed viewers how to make some of his most signature noises. Winslow was eliminated during the semi-finals.

In 2022, Winslow was heavily featured in a videogamedunkey YouTube video entitled Video Game Sound. This video brought Winslow's work to a broad audience of video game fans. Videogamedunkey has talked about Winslow since the start of his channel, seemingly being a fan.

title: Michael Winslow


text:
Québec—Montmorency

Québec—Montmorency was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1968.

This riding was created in 1924 from parts of Charlevoix—Montmorency and Quebec County ridings.

It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Louis-Hébert, Montmorency and Portneuf ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Québec—Montmorency


text:
St. Henri (electoral district)

St. Henri (also known as St. Henry, St-Henri, Saint-Henri and Saint-Jacques) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1988.

This riding was created in 1924 as "St. Henri" riding from parts of Westmount—St. Henri. In 1933, its English name was changed to "St. Henry". In 1947, "St. Henry" was abolished when it was redistributed into "St-Henri" and St. Antoine—Westmount ridings.

In 1952, "St-Henri" was abolished, and its territory transferred into a new riding named "Saint-Henri". In 1977, it was renamed Saint-Jacques.

Following the 2003 redistribution, the area of the old St-Henri riding is now part of the riding of Jeanne-Le Ber.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

St. Henry, 1935–1949

 * Anti-Conscriptionist
 * Louis-Gérard Gosselin
 * align=right|642

title: St. Henri (electoral district)


text:
Almodôvar

Almodôvar ( or ; المدوّر) is a town and a municipality in the District of Beja, Portugal. The population in 2011 was 7,449, in an area of 777.88 km2.

The present Mayor is António Bota, a member of the Socialist Party.

The town's Museum of Southwestern Writing is featured on episode 1 of the three part documentary The Celts: Blood, Iron and Sacrifice, which was broadcast by the BBC in 2015, and hosted by Alice Roberts and Neil Oliver, featuring stone tables containing what some archeologists believe to be a proto-Celtic language.

Parishes
The municipality is subdivided into the following parishes:
 * Aldeia dos Fernandes
 * Almodôvar e Graça dos Padrões
 * Santa Clara-a-Nova e Gomes Aires
 * Rosário
 * Santa Cruz
 * São Barnabé

History
The village of Almodôvar is signaled in medieval Islamic cartography under the name al-Mudawwar meaning "thing in round" or "surrounded in round". The settlement was rebuilt at the time of the Muslim invasion of the Iberian Peninsula, with walls surrounding it and a castle inside. Remains of these have, however, disappeared.

Almodôvar received its first Foral (Town Charter) on April 17, 1285, by order of King Dinis of Portugal, confirmed by a new Foral on June 1, 1512, by order of King Manuel I of Portugal.

Geography
The Almodôvar area is situated in an area of transition between the Alentejo peneplain, in the northernmost part of the municipality, and the hills of the Serra do Caldeirão to the south of its territory. The Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) which begins in Aljustrel and spreads through the lower Alentejo extending into Southern Spain crosses the area of the municipality.

Climate
The municipality experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild wet winters.

Notable people

 * Katchana (born 1983) real name, Ricardo Jorge Guerreiro Felisberto, a footballer with over 300 club caps
 * Daniel Mestre (born 1986) a Portuguese cyclist

title: Almodôvar


text:
Wikipedia:Cleanup Taskforce/Members

This is a list of members of the Wikipedia Cleanup Taskforce. See the main project page for more details on our goals and procedures. Previously registered members who were asked to re-register are listed here.

Join us!
Anyone is welcome to join! Just take the following steps:

List yourself as a member
Please add yourself to any and all appropriate sections of the member lists below. Doing so lets visitors and other taskforce members know your interests and your ability to contribute, and will help in the assigning of tasks.
 * To note your interest in a particular topic, just click the Add yourself link next to each section that you are interested in, and insert your signature (by typing three or four tildes - e.g.  ) and a link to your desk ( Desk , see below on how to create your desk) at the bottom of the list, along with any further comments. Repeat for any other areas you are interested in. Alternately, you can edit the full members by interest page and insert yourself in all sections that apply to you in one go. If you have no preference and are willing to tackle anything, add yourself to the Anything section.

 * To indicate the number of tasks you are willing to take on at any one time, go to the members by size of queue section below and click the Add yourself link on the appropriate section. Once the new page opens, add yourself to the table, following the directions there.

Please remember to add yourself to both the members by interest and the members by size lists!

Create a desk
A desk is where tasks will be assigned to you. You can create one using the following procedure:
 * Edit your userpage and directly paste in the following text (with the brackets): . You can also use ,  or  for a userbox or  for a longer box. Any of these will automatically create a box noting your membership to others viewing your user page, and a red Desk link. Save your changes.
 * Click on the new link to your desk subpage to create your desk page.
 * In the new desk page, paste the following text from the cleanup user template, replacing # OF TASKS DESIRED and AREAS OF INTEREST/EXPERTISE with your own preferences:

 * Save your changes. Make sure to click the Watch this page box when editing, so you will be informed of any changes (like a new assignment)!

You now are now ready to go to work! Please see the main project page for more information on assigning and completing tasks.

Member lists
You can find a list of current members below. They have been sorted for ease of assigning tasks relevant to their abilities and interests. Please give them some tasks to complete!

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These users have identified their interests so you can bring a problem article of a particular type to their desk. If you are joining the taskforce, please list yourself in multiple sections here, should they apply.

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This indicates the number of tasks that any member is willing to undertake at a time, for aid in finding members with free time to take on additional work. If you are joining the taskforce, please list yourself in a single section here.

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title: Wikipedia:Cleanup Taskforce/Members


text:
Talk:Jean-Baptiste Say

Untitled
Removed this sentence, creates confusion since there is no justification: "The argument referred to as Say's Law was heavily criticised by John Maynard Keynes and Keynesian economists."

 * I'm not sure I see the problem - my own take is that Keynes singled out Say's Law for special attention, and a large part of Keynes' career rested on points that are direct contradictions of Say's law. My Alt Account 00:56, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 03:56, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

Criticisms
There really should be a "criticisms" section for this article, since Say's Law has been panned by so many economists. I remember seeing a video course on PBS which tore into it using Keynesian theory. Also, a "criticisms" section helps to foster deeper understanding of these such issues, as it helps shed light on a vigorous and, in some ways, continuing debate among intellectuals. 72.92.26.177 02:28, 13 October 2007 (UTC)

 * "Says Law no longer commands belief. But in the world of its author, nearly two centuries ago, it had much merit."
 * John Kenneth Galbraith, The New Industrial State, Chapter XX, Section 1, p. 220 (For crying out loud read the $%&@#$ TEXT!!)--Oracleofottawa (talk) 03:25, 25 March 2010 (UTC)

Education in Croydon
According to the article cited below Say was not in school (or at the very least there is no evidence he was in school) while in Croydon but was renting a room in a school since he couldn't find anything better. The article is heavily based on Say's unpublished autobiography.

"Lodging in a school, at his age, was not to his taste. Say is unlikely to have attended classes: he and Horace were (presumably paying) lodgers whose room was probably a garret room. As Bisset liked to practise his French, Say, feeling his efforts to learn English were being thwarted, may have had another reason to find the lodgings unsatisfactory, giving him a further excuse for leaving Croydon sooner rather than later"

Brian Lancaster (2015) Jean-Baptiste Say's First Visit to England (1785/6), History of European Ideas, 41:7, 922-930, — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2604:2000:8009:AA00:D80A:24E:E2C2:2981 (talk) 08:07, 18 August 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090326021523/http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/say.htm to http://cepa.newschool.edu/het/profiles/say.htm

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External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060712043848/http://www.dallasfed.org/research/ei/ei0601.html to http://www.dallasfed.org/research/ei/ei0601.html

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title: Talk:Jean-Baptiste Say


text:
User:Robbyslaughter

Robby Slaughter is just a guy who loves Wikipedia, and finally decided to stop contributing anonymously after many years of quick edits.

title: User:Robbyslaughter


text:
Alligator lizard

An alligator lizard is any one of various species of lizards in the family Anguidae that have some shared characteristics. The term may specifically refer to:

Species of the genus Elgaria:

 * Northern alligator lizard (Elgaria coerulea)
 * Madrean alligator lizard (Elgaria kingii)
 * Southern alligator lizard (Elgaria multicarinata)
 * Panamint alligator lizard (Elgaria panamintina)
 * Pygmy alligator lizard (Elgaria parva)
 * San Lucan alligator lizard (Elgaria paucicarinata)
 * Central Peninsular alligator lizard (Elgaria velazquezi)

Species of the genus Gerrhonotus:

 * Farr's alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus farri)
 * Texas alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus infernalis)
 * Smooth-headed alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus liocephalus)
 * Lugo's alligator lizard (Gerrhonotus lugoi)

Species of the genus Abronia (arboreal alligator lizards)

title: Alligator lizard


text:
Talk:3 (company)

UK Subscribers
Uswitch reports that Three's UK customer base now sits at 8.8 million. Can this be added to the United Kingdom section of the article EllieHobbit (talk) 14:08, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

 * No unless you can find a better source. (WP:RS) --Biker Biker (talk) 21:15, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the response Uswitch are generally considered as a neutral party within the telecoms industry. Not to worry, how about this reference EllieHobbit (talk) 10:13, 19 November 2012 (UTC)

 * That article is based on the company's own data. It would be better to produce subscriber figures from an independent industry source that aren't simply regurgitating press releases. --Biker Biker (talk) 11:00, 19 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your response. All articles written about companies are invariably based on data which comes from the company itself otherwise how would these outlets know what our figures were? EllieHobbit (talk) 08:48, 23 November 2012 (UTC)

Requested move 17 February 2018

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: for the time being, moved as requested–there is at least some evidence in favor of a move, and no one has presented any objections in over two weeks. Please initiate a new move request if further discussion becomes necessary. Dekimasu よ! 21:28, 7 March 2018 (UTC)

Hutchison 3G → 3 (telecommunications) – Per WP:COMMONNAME: Outside of Wikipedia in different countries, the brand is known as "3". The 3/Three brand was also not ran by the name Hutchison 3G, but it was only used as the trading name for its UK business - Three UK (Hutchison 3G UK Limited). Different networks in different countries are marketed under the 3/Three brand and have quite different ownerships, it was the global brand that brings them, all 9 networks, together. The global brand name is only 3/Three. Per WP:RECOGNIZABLE: "3" is used instead of "Three" because of the brand logo, which shows the number "3".

Sources found: - Wefk423 (talk) 19:53, 17 February 2018 (UTC) --Relisting. Sky  Warrior  20:19, 24 February 2018 (UTC)  --Relisting. — usernamekiran (talk)   05:50, 4 March 2018 (UTC)
 * https://www.theguardian.com/media/2002/jul/03/newmedia.marketingandpr (from The Guardian)
 * https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/behind-brand-three-mobile/%7Bsubjects%7D/article/1421325 (from Campaign)

Comment Agree that the brand was only Three / 3 (primary source: https://www.three.com.hk) and they provide network of 4G technology instead of 3G only. But may need more secondary reliable source (e.g. Reuters) for the common name of the brand. Matthew_hk  t  c  12:59, 18 February 2018 (UTC)
 * One source I have found that might be reliable, from Campaign (magazine): https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/behind-brand-three-mobile/%7Bsubjects%7D/article/1421325 — Preceding unsigned comment added by Wefk423 (talk • contribs) 14:30, 18 February 2018 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 03:51, 4 December 2019 (UTC)
 * 3Butiken Granby Uppsala.jpg

Italy
Please remove Italy in the template. 3 Italy is now Wind Tre — Preceding unsigned comment added by 5.90.47.55 (talk) 14:11, 15 April 2021 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 1 March 2022
The source for the figure of customers has changed from 130 million to 110 million.

https://www.ckh.com.hk/en/businesses/telecommunications.php 9000009a (talk) 08:42, 1 March 2022 (UTC)
 * ✅ — Sirdog (talk) 09:34, 6 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:3 (company)


text:
User:80N/sandpit/Election result begin

{| class="wikitable" ! colspan="6"|
 * - style="background-color:#E9E9E9"

! colspan="2" style="width: 130px"|Party ! style="width: 170px"|Candidate ! style="width: 50px"|Votes ! style="width: 40px"|% ! style="width: 40px"|±%
 * - style="background-color:#E9E9E9"

title: User:80N/sandpit/Election result begin