text:
Charles Starrett

Charles Robert Starrett (March 28, 1903 – March 22, 1986 ) was an American actor, best known for his starring role in the Durango Kid westerns. Starrett still holds the record for starring in the longest series of theatrical features: 131 westerns, all produced by Columbia Pictures.

Early years
Starrett was born in Athol, Massachusetts, where his grandfather had built a prosperous tool works. He attended Worcester Academy, then graduated from Dartmouth College.

Career
A graduate of Worcester Academy in 1922, Starrett went on to study at Dartmouth College. While on the Dartmouth football team he was hired to play a football extra in the film The Quarterback (1926). Bitten by the acting bug, Starrett played minor roles in films and leading roles in stage plays. In 1928, he was a member of the Walker Company, a repertory theatre troupe headed by Stuart Walker.

He played the romantic lead in his first movie, Fast and Loose (1930), which starred Frank Morgan, Miriam Hopkins, and Carole Lombard. Starrett starred in the Canadian production The Viking (1931), a rugged outdoor adventure filmed on location in Newfoundland, which had begun as a Paramount Pictures project.

Starrett was very active for the next two years, playing juvenile leads for both major and minor studios. He was featured in Our Betters (1933), Murder on the Campus (1933), and as a young doctor named Orion in "Along Came Love", opposite Irene Hervey. Of Starrett's early character appearances, today's viewers may be most familiar with the Will Rogers picture Mr. Skitch (1933), featuring Starrett as the romantic lead.

Offscreen, Charles Starrett helped organize the Screen Actors Guild. He held membership card #10.

Cowboy star
In 1935, Columbia Pictures wanted to replace its incumbent western star Tim McCoy with a younger actor. Starrett heard about this and interviewed with Columbia producers. Starrett recalled that studio chief Harry Cohn was indifferent, caring about only one thing: "Can he ride a horse?" Starrett could, and got the job. His first western was Gallant Defender (1935). Starrett ultimately signed four contracts with Columbia, becoming the studio's number-one cowboy star. He cast an appealing figure with his tall stature (6' 2"), strong jawline, confident voice, and air of quiet authority.

Starrett hadn't planned on making an entire career out of westerns, and agreed to make them for two years, with the understanding that his bosses would then cast him in plainclothes roles. When they didn't, he walked out on his contract after the two years. "I sat out the waltz one year, thinking I'd like to make a change from westerns. That waltz cost me $60,000 [the dollar value of his original agreement]. But you know when you're raising a family -- I had two young boys, twins -- you can't always do what you want to do... And I think an actor's life is very much like an athlete's. It's youth. You've got to make it while you can. So after that year, I went back and went along with it." Theater exhibitors around the world were attracting big crowds with Charles Starrett westerns, so Columbia gave him a new contract with the actor insisting on appearing in a non-western. He finally got his chance—once—in 1937, for the collegiate musical comedy Start Cheering (released 1938). In a curious reflection of his own situation, Starrett played a disenchanted movie hero who wanted to do something different with his life. But Starrett's success in westerns established him firmly in outdoor fare and sealed his fate professionally. For the rest of his career he made Columbia westerns exclusively.

The musical westerns of Gene Autry inspired every Hollywood studio to have its cowboy personalities use their musical talents—but not Charles Starrett. He could carry a tune but left the songs to professional vocalists (his vocals in Start Cheering were dubbed by Robert Paige). Columbia solved the problem by hiring an entire singing group to support Starrett: the Sons of the Pioneers.

Charles Starrett made two dozen westerns under his new contract, and they tend to resemble each other because the production unit was very close-knit. The same company of technicians and players worked in film after film: almost always Iris Meredith as the leading lady, Dick Curtis as the villain, Hank Bell as the sidekick, Edward LeSaint as the senior character of father, rancher, marshal, etc., and the Sons of the Pioneers as the chorus. Very occasionally, Columbia reassigned Meredith to other productions, so various contract starlets took the ingenue roles, among them Lorna Gray and Ann Doran.

When Starrett's new contract lapsed in July 1940, he withdrew from westerns and Columbia disbanded the unit. Iris Meredith left the studio, and the Sons of the Pioneers moved to Republic Pictures, where they reunited with their former lead singer Roy Rogers.

Again, exhibitors petitioned Columbia for more Charles Starrett westerns, so the studio came through with a new contract at an increased salary. Starrett finally accepted his permanent cowboy status, and returned to Columbia in March 1941 as "The Medico": Steven Monroe, cowboy doctor.

The Medico series lapsed after only three features. Columbia then added former Hopalong Cassidy co-star Russell Hayden and comedian-musician Cliff Edwards to the Starrett company, following the "trigger trio" format popular at the time: three name stars in a western series, like The Three Mesquiteers, The Rough Riders, and The Range Busters. Hayden and Edwards were featured alongside Starrett during the 1941-42 season. Columbia gave Hayden his own starring series in 1942; Edwards left Columbia for RKO to work with Tim Holt.

The Durango Kid
After playing assorted rancher, ranger, and sheriff roles, Charles Starrett was cast as The Durango Kid in 1940. The character was an upright citizen known and liked by the townsfolk, but he masqueraded as a notorious, black-garbed horseman to terrorize the local criminals and foil their plans. The film was successful but not much different from some of Starrett's earlier good guy-chasing-bad-guy roles.

The character was revived five years later in The Return of the Durango Kid, which caught on very quickly. Starrett played an amiable cowpoke named Steve (the last name varied but he was always Steve to his friends), who would become angered by an injustice and go after the villains as the mysterious, elusive Durango Kid. Steve's paint horse was named "Bullet" and Durango's white horse was "Raider." A follow-up film was made, and then a series. One favorite device became a signature: the masked Durango Kid suddenly materializing like Superman, always catching the villains by surprise. The Durango Kid rejuvenated Charles Starrett's career, winning him a new generation of loyal fans, a new five-year contract, and even a comic-book adaptation, Charles Starrett as the Durango Kid (1949-1955), published by Magazine Enterprises. The film series was also a useful training ground for novice actresses and fashion models, who would be signed to six-month contracts and cast as cowgirls in Starrett westerns.

Dub Taylor, as comic sidekick "Cannonball", worked with Starrett until 1946. At that time, Smiley Burnette, who had been a very popular sidekick to Gene Autry, was brought in to replace Taylor. Burnette, appropriately enough, played a character called "Smiley Burnette." The Durango Kid films combined vigorous action sequences—often with spectacular stunts performed by Ted Mapes and later Jock Mahoney—and western music. Each film featured musical specialties by Burnette, and by a guest artist or group from records or radio.

In 1947 producer Colbert Clark faced a scheduling problem for the film Prairie Raiders and had to borrow scenes from older westerns to coax the running time up to the usual length. Thus Starrett's The Lone Hand Texan (1947) was filmed in nine days, but Prairie Raiders was finished in four. This emergency measure was only temporary, and the series returned to its standard schedule of six to nine days each until 1949, when the series faced a challenge. Production costs kept rising but the financial return was limited, so the budgets were cut. Now, every all-new Durango Kid adventure alternated with a "cheater" that filmed new scenes for about half the picture, and filled out the hour with old scenes from the film library. Sometimes the scripting and editing were very clever. Streets of Ghost Town (1950) was built around chunks from the 1946 westerns Gunning for Vengeance and Landrush, and the new scenes were staged in a deserted town, saving money on supporting actors, extras, stuntmen, sets, and props. In Cyclone Fury (1951), footage from four older Starrett westerns is worked into the plot. The final Durango Kid feature was The Kid from Broken Gun (1952), with the new footage set in a courtroom and the old footage illustrating the testimony of the various characters. Columbia was beginning to use this same recycling gambit in its action serials and Three Stooges comedies.

Charles Starrett retired at age 48, when his last Columbia contract lapsed. As Starrett had once taken over Columbia's westerns from Tim McCoy, Jock Mahoney took over the reins from Starrett, co-starring with Smiley Burnette in a new series. The pilot feature was completed but never released, so Columbia's long history of B westerns ended with Charles Starrett. Columbia serviced the still-strong demand for Starrett by reissuing his 1937-1940 westerns with the Sons of the Pioneers. These proved just as popular as the Durango series, and Columbia kept dozens of the Starrett features in theaters for several years.

Later years
Although his agent, Sam Jaffe, tried to interest movie and TV producers in hiring Starrett, the actor no longer needed or wanted a show-business career; he was independently wealthy from wise investments and his family fortune. In retirement he traveled widely with his wife, favoring tropical islands.

NBC-TV brought the Charles Starrett westerns to network television in 1956, under the program title Cowboy Theater. Starrett himself was approached to host the program, and he liked the idea but disapproved of the logistics: he would have to appear live in the studio every Saturday afternoon, and the studio was in New York City. Starrett, long established as a California resident, was understandably reluctant to commute across the country every week, and asked if his segments could be filmed in California. The network said no, because the show was to be broadcast live from New York, along the lines of NBC's popular Howdy Doody show under the same producer, Bob Rippen. Cowboy Theater went on with another host, Monty Hall, then a new face on American television. Cowboy Theater premiered on Saturday, September 15, 1956, at 12 noon Eastern time, and the first episode was a slightly edited version of Starrett's first Columbia feature, Gallant Defender (1935). The Starrett series ran for almost seven months, through March 9, 1957. Later that year, NBC revived Cowboy Theater as a Sunday-evening summertime series. This edition of the show did without a live host, presenting only the films; some of them were the 1941-42 theatrical series starring Charles Starrett and featuring Russell Hayden and Cliff Edwards. The revived Cowboy Theater ran from June 30 to September 15, 1957, at 6:30 p.m. Eastern time.

Charles Starrett's fans never forgot him, and corresponded with him in later years. Starrett was pleased by the interest and made guest appearances at a few film conventions and revivals. Starrett died of cancer in Borrego Springs, California, in 1986, six days short of his 83rd birthday.

Selected filmography

 * Fast and Loose (1930)
 * The Royal Family of Broadway (1930)
 * Damaged Love (1931)
 * The Viking (1931)
 * Silence (1931)
 * The Age for Love (1931)
 * Touchdown (1931)
 * Sky Bride (1932)
 * Lady and Gent (1932)
 * The Mask of Fu Manchu (1933)
 * Jungle Bride (1933)
 * Our Betters (1933)
 * The Return of Casey Jones (1933)
 * The Sweetheart of Sigma Chi (1933)
 * Murder on the Campus (1933)
 * Mr. Skitch (1933)
 * Stolen Sweets (1934)
 * Three on a Honeymoon (1934)
 * This Man Is Mine (1934)
 * Green Eyes (1934)
 * Call It Luck (1934)
 * Desirable (1934)
 * Gentlemen Are Born (1934)
 * Undercover Men (1934)
 * The Silver Streak (1934)
 * Sons of Steel (1934)
 * A Shot in the Dark (1935)
 * One New York Night (1935)
 * One in a Million (1935)
 * What Price Crime (1935)
 * So Red the Rose (1935)
 * Make a Million (1935)
 * Gallant Defender (1935)
 * The Mysterious Avenger (1936)
 * Secret Patrol (1936)
 * Code of the Range (1936)
 * Along Came Love (1936)
 * The Cowboy Star (1936)
 * Stampede (1936)
 * Dodge City Trail (1936)
 * Westbound Mail (1937)
 * Trapped (1937)
 * Two Gun Law (1937)
 * Two-Fisted Sheriff (1937)
 * One Man Justice (1937)
 * The Old Wyoming Trail (1937)
 * ''Outlaws of the Prairie (1937)
 * Cattle Raiders (1938)
 * Start Cheering (1938)
 * Call of the Rockies (1938)
 * Law of the Plains (1938)
 * West of Cheyenne (1938)
 * South of Arizona (1938)
 * The Colorado Trail (1938)
 * West of the Santa Fe (1938)
 * Rio Grande (1938)
 * The Thundering West (1939)
 * Texas Stampede (1939)
 * North of the Yukon (1939)
 * Spoilers of the Range (1939)
 * Western Caravans (1939)
 * The Man from Sundown (1939)
 * Riders of Black River (1939)
 * Outpost of the Mounties (1939)
 * The Stranger from Texas (1939)
 * Two-Fisted Rangers (1939)
 * Bullets for Rustlers (1940)
 * Blazing Six Shooters (1940)
 * Texas Stagecoach (1940)
 * The Durango Kid (1940) 1st Durango Kid film
 * West of Abilene (1940)
 * Thundering Frontier (1940)
 * The Pinto Kid (1941)
 * Outlaws of the Panhandle (1941)
 * The Medico of Painted Springs (1941)
 * Thunder Over the Prairie (1941)
 * Prairie Stranger (1941)
 * The Royal Mounted Patrol (1941)
 * Riders of the Badlands (1941)
 * West of Tombstone (1942)
 * Lawless Plainsmen (1942)
 * Down Rio Grande Way (1942)
 * Riders of the Northland (1942)
 * Bad Men of the Hills (1942)
 * Overland to Deadwood (1942)
 * Riding Through Nevada (1942)
 * Pardon My Gun (1942)
 * The Fighting Buckaroo (1943)
 * Law of the Northwest (1943)
 * Frontier Fury (1943)
 * Robin Hood of the Range (1943)
 * Hail to the Rangers (1943)
 * Cowboy in the Clouds (1943)
 * Cowboy Canteen (1944)
 * Sundown Valley (1944)
 * Riding West (1944)
 * Cowboy from Lonesome River (1944)
 * Cyclone Prairie Rangers (1944)
 * Saddle Leather Law (1944)
 * The Return of the Durango Kid (1945) 2nd Durango Kid film
 * Both Barrels Blazing (1945)
 * Sagebrush Heroes (1945)
 * Rough Ridin' Justice (1945)
 * Rustlers of the Badlands (1945)
 * Outlaws of the Rockies (1945)
 * Blazing the Western Trail (1945)
 * Lawless Empire (1945)
 * Texas Panhandle (1945)
 * Frontier Gunlaw (1946)
 * Roaring Rangers (1946)
 * Gunning for Vengeance (1946)
 * Galloping Thunder (1946)
 * Two-Fisted Stranger (1946)
 * The Desert Horseman (1946)
 * Heading West (1946)
 * Landrush (1946)
 * Terror Trail (1946)
 * The Fighting Frontiersman (1946)
 * South of the Chisholm Trail (1947)
 * The Lone Hand Texan (1947)
 * West of Dodge City (1947)
 * Law of the Canyon (1947)
 * Prairie Raiders (1947)
 * The Stranger from Ponca City (1947)
 * Riders of the Lone Star (1947)
 * Buckaroo from Powder River (1947)
 * Last Days of Boot Hill (1947)
 * Six-Gun Law (1948)
 * Phantom Valley (1948)
 * West of Sonora (1948)
 * Whirlwind Raiders (1948)
 * Blazing Across the Pecos (1948)
 * Trail to Laredo (1948)
 * El Dorado Pass (1948)
 * Quick on the Trigger (1948)
 * Challenge of the Range (1949)
 * Desert Vigilante (1949)
 * Laramie (1949)
 * The Blazing Trail (1949)
 * South of Death Valley (1949)
 * Bandits of El Dorado (1949)
 * Horsemen of the Sierras (1949)
 * Renegades of the Sage (1949)
 * Trail of the Rustlers (1950)
 * Outcast of Black Mesa (1950)
 * Texas Dynamo (1950)
 * Streets of Ghost Town (1950)
 * Across the Badlands (1950)
 * Raiders of Tomahawk Creek (1950)
 * Frontier Outpost (1950)
 * Lightning Guns (1950)
 * Prairie Roundup (1951)
 * Pecos River (1951)
 * Ridin' the Outlaw Trail (1951)
 * Fort Savage Raiders (1951)
 * Snake River Desperadoes (1951)
 * Bonanza Town (1951)
 * Cyclone Fury (1951)
 * The Kid from Amarillo (1951)
 * Smoky Canyon (1952)
 * The Hawk of Wild River (1952)
 * Laramie Mountains (1952)
 * The Rough, Tough West (1952)
 * Junction City (1952)
 * The Kid from Broken Gun (1952)

title: Charles Starrett


text:
Cardigan Castle

Cardigan Castle (Castell Aberteifi) is a castle overlooking the River Teifi in Cardigan, Ceredigion, Wales. It is a Grade I listed building. The castle dates from the late 11th-century, though was rebuilt in 1244. Castle Green House was built inside the castle walls in the early 1800s. After falling into disrepair the castle was restored in the early 2000s and opened to the public in 2015. It is owned by Ceredigion County Council and now includes a heritage centre and open-air concert facilities. The castle's gardens are listed on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

History
The first motte-and-bailey castle (ca.1093) was built a mile away from the present site, probably about the time of the founding of the town by Roger de Montgomery, a Norman baron.

In 1110, King Henry I of England took Cardigan from Prince Owain ap Cadwgan as a punishment, and gave the Lordship of Cardigan and the castle to Gilbert Fitz Richard. The forerunner of the present castle was built by Gilbert Lord of Clare after the former was destroyed.

The castle was handed down to Gilbert's son, Gilbert de Clare, 1st Earl of Pembroke in 1136. The same year, Owain Gwynedd led the defeat of the Norman rulers in the town of Cardigan at the Battle of Crug Mawr. The town was taken and burnt, though the castle was successfully defended by Normans commanded by Robert fitz Martin.

The castle was later recaptured by the Normans, and was held for Earl Roger of Hertford. In 1166 it was captured by Rhys ap Gruffydd, who rebuilt it in stone in 1171. In 1176 the first recorded eisteddfod was held at the castle.

After Rhys's death in 1197 his sons, Maelgwn and Gruffydd, disputed their inheritance resulting in Maelgwn surrendering Gruffydd to the Normans and selling the castle to King John. The castle was later held for William Marshall.

Llywelyn the Great captured it in 1215 and at the parliament held at Aberdyfi in 1216 made it over to the sons of Gruffydd ap Rhys of Deheubarth, but in 1223 William Marshall the Younger recaptured it. In 1231 the castle was again captured for Llywelyn by Rhys Gryg and his allies. Llywelyn held it until his death in 1240. On Llywelyn's death it fell back into Norman hands, and in 1244 Earl Gilbert of Pembroke rebuilt it with town walls for added protection. It is the remains of this building that still stands overlooking the river.

It was badly damaged during the English Civil War in Wales and until the 18th century it was only used as a prison.

Sometime between 1805 and 1808 the castle owner, John Bowen, arranged the construction of Castle Green House within the castle walls. The front range was added in 1827.

In 1940 the castle and house was bought by a shipping magnate His daughter, Barbara Wood, and her mother moved into Castle Green House but this slowly fell into disrepair and was allowed to decay further by the owner to the extent that the outer castle walls needed supporting. Miss Wood continued to occupy the castle for almost 60 years, despite attempts by the local authority to take over the castle in 1971 and Castle Green House being declared unfit for human habitation in 1984.

21st century
Miss Wood, the castle's last occupant, finally left the castle in 1996 to be cared for in a nursing home. Faced with six years of nursing costs, she put the castle up for private sale in 2001. The castle was purchased by Ceredigion County Council in April 2003 and repairs began as part of the regeneration of Cardigan. In 2004 Castle Green House appeared on the BBC's second series of Restoration, presented by Griff Rhys Jones.

Renovation work continued for some years after its purchase by the Council, and the castle was opened to the public on 15 April 2015 with a concert held in July 2015. The new facilities include bed-and-breakfast and self-catering accommodation, a heritage centre with education facilities, a restaurant (named "1176" in reference to Lord Rhys's eisteddfod in that year), an events and open-air concert area, and rooms for hire for classes. The castle's grounds, set within the ward and including pleasure gardens and a kitchen garden, are designated Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Cardigan Castle


text:
Talk:Birmingham and Gloucester Railway

2005 comments
This is lifted pretty much verbatim from the 1905 book 'The History of the Midland Railway'. It is now out of copyright and therefore legitimate to use in this context.

I've rewritten all of it, using another source also which is referenced at the bottom. It's not verbatim anything anymore, as I wrote it myself this afternoon. Leonig Mig 19:25, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Who was the author, and when did they die? Andy Mabbett 22:13, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure. If your asking with relation to copy vio, there's no point. I read the books, made notes, then wrote the article. It's entirely original. There are references at the bottom of the page and both books are at the B'ham Ref. Library should you care to check it out. Leonig Mig 16:38, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Page move
I have moved this to 'Birmingham and Gloucester Railway' as it is more consistant with other railway company articles, also we usually use 'and' rather than '&', just in case anyone was wondering. G-Man 20:35, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

American locomotive
What is the significance/story of the loco pictured? It is not mentioned in the text. -- EdJogg (talk) 12:32, 7 May 2008 (UTC)
 * It was one a number of Norris locomotives imported from the USA, because British manufacturers did not feel they could build engines to cope with the Lickey Incline I'm sure I put some notes about this in an earlier version. Incidentally I'm sure there is no mention of banking in accounts of the line's early history. Chevin (talk) 16:52, 7 May 2008 (UTC)

Lack of citations
The article desperately needs in-line citations and footnotes. I'm adding the Refimprove template, accordingly. —MegaPedant 04:53, 1 February 2011 (UTC)

Locomotives
The sections Selection of locomotives and First locomotives makes relatively little sense. I'm likely to go shortly WP:BOLD and combine them and improve treatment of the Lickey bankers especially the Norris Class A extra's; the involvment of Edward Bury; McConnell. I've access to the B&GR book (Long, Awdry, 1987) and will move toward in-line citations. I'm mainly interested in the Forrester's but I've now got a fair understanding of the Americans. Thankyou.Djm-leighpark (talk) 14:46, 11 April 2020 (UTC)
 * I'm aware that as at the time of this post the next edits will be at the bottom half of the locomotive section will need to alter existing content and I will no longer reference Rake and E G Barnes. I have considered content from the Long/Awdry source shows strong evidence of thorough research is certainly later than Rake.  The content prior to change is available on revision : .  Issues include the The prototype Norris engine was described as a Class A Extra locomotive (I assume this is refering to the Class B England, the first delivered locomotive); and the statement "Moreover, the fireboxes and boiler tubes were iron, and soon had to be replaced with brass fittings" ... which omits details such as firebox/boilertubes were designed for wood burning; and that basically the locomotives worked for 3 months before needing major works repair. etc. etc.  I will need to re-write the section to get a better picture and will try not to let the section become PW:UNDUE.  Thankyou.Djm-leighpark (talk) 21:13, 12 April 2020 (UTC)
 * Apologlies for taking so long on this. I've been in Sussex a lot over the last two weeks, other RL stuff hasa come up.  But correct treatment of the Norris locomotives and how McConnell got the B&GR sorted is important.  (Including how his predecessor's wife commandered the firemaMore seriously the saddle tanking of the Norris's A extra's by McConnell is significant.Djm-leighpark (talk) 09:06, 19 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Birmingham and Gloucester Railway


text:
Talk:Cape Coral, Florida

Untitled
The History section needs a new beginning. Probably something like, "Until the fifties the area was agricultural/scrub/whatever. Then George and Richard Rosen, two brothers who had experience in real estate development in Chicago/Philadelphia/Sarasota, bought a tract of zz thousand acres from John and Mary Doe, paying, according to county records, xx cents per acre on July 4, 1776.  They easily/with difficulty obtained permits from the County and their architect, Frank Lloyd Saarinen, designed an entire city/residential area." Et cetera. Thanks to someone who can write this.Ccerf (talk) 14:41, 30 April 2008 (UTC)

As of 6/26/2006, the map looks right. I live in Cape Coral also.

--orig--

Is it me or is the Picture upside down? (Cape Coral is on the N & W side of the Caloosahatchee. tww

Photo is upside down, and if I am not mistaken, NS is divided by Pine Island Road. pjr

The picture *IS* upside-down I live there, and I can tell you for a fact the image is 180 degrees off...

Mike

As of 3/1/06 the picture now only looks about 10-15 degrees off line if north is assumed to be top center. The article is correct as far as the seperators for the NE/NW/SE/SW go. If you look towards the west end of the city you will find SE addresses north of Pine Island Road. (BTW I live here also.) tww Clix 03:52, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Cape_Coral%2C_Florida"

Interesting fact: A large portion of the Cape Coral population calls this place "Cape Coma."

Canals
Dont you think there should be some acknowledgement of the canal system? Cape Coral used to be swamp land, there for the need to dig canals to raise the ground level. There is over 400 miles of them also, they are salt and fresh water also. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 72.240.186.22 (talk) 17:06, 5 April 2007 (UTC).

 * I've made some inquires about getting Cape Coral published as the city with the most manmade canals in the world. When I get it, we'll have the source we need.  I know now that it is, indeed the #1, but cannot verify.  The #2 city is Birmingham, England, with just 150 linear miles, as compared to Cape Coral's 400 linear miles.ReignMan (talk) 08:02, 28 August 2008 (UTC)

 * And this is notable how? If you are having trouble confirming this from reliable sources, then it is in fact not notable. Most of the canals in Cape Coral are little more than drainage ditches. The canals of Birmingham were dug as a transportation network, comparable in scope and purpose to railroads. -- Donald Albury 11:40, 28 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Locally it is considered notable, mentioned in blurbs about the area by the city, by the local tourism industry and others. Niteshift36 (talk) 12:23, 28 August 2008 (UTC)

 * but I don't see it as being of encyclopedic interest. It looks like civic boosterism to me. -- Donald Albury 17:32, 28 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Call it boosterism if you want. Venice is noted for their canals. Cape Coral has more miles of canals and makes an issue of it. Sounds encyclopedic to me. In either case, factual statements are enyclopedic and all those canals are a major factor in simple day to day navigation in CC (try driving in it if you don't believe that) and without those canals, the Cape wouldn't even exist. Niteshift36 (talk) 10:36, 29 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Exactly. Lets go erase the mention of canals from Venice because they are boosterism.  Cape Coral was founded on the canal system, and has a MASSIVE system of them to boot.  They have locks, police patrol them, they are used for transportation, they are all channels charted by the U.S. Coast Gaurd, and fall under the juristiction of maratime law.  There is NOTHING about the claim that is boosterism.  The comparison is what you'd call a "gauge". ReignMan (talk) 03:48, 30 August 2008 (UTC)

 * All of the canals mentioned are navigable, manmade waterways. Anyone who calls them "mere drainage ditches" has probably never seen them.  One look at a satelite picture will confirm that they are indeed, something of note.  They are about 50-100 feet wide, 50 for the branches, 100 for the main.  They are about 15-20 feet deep in the main channels, as shallow as 10 feet in the finger canals.
 * [[Image:Capecoral1.jpg]]

Calling it boosterism is simply ridiculous. ReignMan (talk) 06:29, 29 August 2008 (UTC)

=Housing Bubble burst is not being mentioned=

I've just run into 2 News articles that talk about the terrible effects that the Housing bubble burst is having on Cape Coral.

So I am really surprised to see that this article neither mentions the over construction nor addresses the effects of the Housing Bubble bursting.

I hope that this sort of highly negative information is not being avoided and/or censored from the article.

News articles:
 * 1) Reuters - http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20081022/us_nm/us_financial_usa_housing
 * 2) CS MOnitor - http://www.csmonitor.com/2007/1210/p17s01-usec.html

EconomistBR 20:13, 22 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Your conspiracy theory is empty. If you think it is so important, why didn't you add it? Personally, I think that the issue is a case of wp:recentism, but that would be up for discussion. Niteshift36 (talk) 20:26, 22 October 2008 (UTC)

 * The housing bubble was a major factor in many places, so to say it was unique enough to mention is not really proper, however, including the term "Cape Coral, with its economy driven by the construction of new homes, was affected heavilly by the housing bubble (<---link that to housing bubble), then add ref.

 * I wouldn't let the article be censored personally, I don't care about CC one way or another, but what I do, is have foriegn people read the articles, and us read theirs (e.g., me from Lauderdale read the (random city) article, etc.) and provide an unbiased opinion. Call up some people from a random city to read the CC article. ReignMan (talk) 06:53, 20 November 2008 (UTC)

Proposing merge
Proposing that article Cape Coral, Florida Police Department be merged as a section into this article. It's brief, unreferenced and would fit well. Chuckiesdad (talk) 04:39, 24 December 2008 (UTC)

 * The current article is more of a bio of the chief rather than an article about the dept. Some work on it could change that. Niteshift36 (talk) 05:52, 20 February 2009 (UTC)

 * I've revamped the article. Expanded and sourced, it is now too long to be merged into this article easily. Niteshift36 (talk) 17:49, 29 April 2009 (UTC)

Picture of the city
Nice lizard pic, but what does the city look like? This city is so much bigger than Fort Myers, which ironically seems like a better known city in that county. So, why not have some pics of the city and/or its skyline? YellowAries2010 (talk) 04:27, 23 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Why is that ironic? Ft. Myers is much, much older and is the county seat. Of course it is better known. What is the irony in this? Niteshift36 (talk) 04:42, 23 February 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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= Better fotos added, then reverted =

I added a new satellite photo (replacing an older, less-detailed one), put a new photo in the infobox, and did minor cleanup. Another editor reverted the whole thing, commenting "Why would we make a picture of this single home the infobox picture?"

OK, pick something else. Please don't just revert multiple edits for one objection. Thanks --Pete Tillman (talk) 21:17, 30 July 2016 (UTC)
 * And why would you revert to a picture of house? Especially a house that is really a backdoor advertisement. Niteshift36 (talk) 00:21, 31 July 2016 (UTC)

 * So that others can judge for themselves:  "backdoor advertisement"?   Cheers, Pete Tillman (talk) 17:37, 31 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Calling it a "sunset" is false. The focus is the house. You can't even see the sunset. A single house of no historic or cultural significance doesn't belong in the article, let alone the infobox. And yes, the copyrighted photo from a builder is a backdoor ad. Niteshift36 (talk) 17:54, 31 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Why are you insisting on putting this advertisement in? You've demonstrated no reasoning for it. Niteshift36 (talk) 17:32, 1 August 2016 (UTC)
 * Why are you campaigning against using an attractive photo? It would be good to hearf rom other users -- and for you to adopt a less combative attitude. Cheers, Pete Tillman (talk) 01:37, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
 * An attractive photo isn't really the point. First, it was wholly inappropriate for the infobox. Second, you claimed it was a "sunset", yet it really doesn't show a sun set. Third, you pretend that you don't realize that it's a publicity photo for a builder. So perhaps you can explain why an "attractive" photo of a non-notable home belongs in this article? The purpose of an encyclopedia is to inform. What does this photo inform us of? A builder's name? There's nothing combative about asking why you insist on putting this advertisement on here.Niteshift36 (talk) 03:50, 3 August 2016 (UTC)

 * Re appropriate use of this photo: the section you (last) removed this from starts, "The economy in Cape Coral is based on Health care services, retail, and real estate/construction.. So a photo of a new house is certainly appropriate in this section. Pete Tillman (talk) 21:02, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
 * The photo looks like an advertisement, and shows nothing of Cape Coral. It could have been taken anywhere.  It's over-colorized too.  This isn't Flickr.  Magnolia677 (talk) 21:17, 3 August 2016 (UTC)
 * That house could be anywhere in Lee County or south Florida. It tells us nothing more than a picture of Walmart or of a doctors office. We don't add pictures just for the sake of being "attractive". Niteshift36 (talk) 03:11, 4 August 2016 (UTC)

Agree completely with. This photo has no place in the article, much less as the primary illustration in the article. It's a frikken house. It is illustrative of absolutely nothing of the subject of the article. John from Idegon (talk) 05:05, 4 August 2016 (UTC)

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GALC or GAC
If I understand the text correctly, Gulf American Land Corporation is abbreviated as both GALC and GAC in the article. That should be harmonized. I'm not sure which abbreviation should be preferred. - Donald Albury 15:51, 9 June 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cape Coral, Florida


text:
Suicide (disambiguation)

Suicide is the act of intentionally ending one's own life (and can be a noun for a person who has died by suicide).

Suicide may also refer to:

Arts, entertainment and media

 * Suicide (wrestling), a professional wrestling persona, used by multiple professional wrestlers
 * Suicide (game), a type of street game that involves the bouncing of a ball against a wall
 * Suicide (Durkheim book), an 1897 case study on suicide by French sociologist Émile Durkheim
 * Suicide (novel), a 2008 short novel by Edouard Levé
 * Suicide (Suvorov book), a 2001 book by Viktor Suvorov

Music

 * Suicide (band), an American electronic/punk band, intermittently active from 1970–2016
 * Suicide (1977 album), the first album by Suicide
 * Suicide: Alan Vega and Martin Rev, the second album by Suicide
 * Suicide, a 1999 album by American rock band Sweet Water
 * Suicide, a 2010 mixtape by American rapper Lil Scrappy
 * "Suicide", a song by T-Pain from the 2007 album Epiphany
 * "Suicide", a song by The Devin Townsend Band from the 2003 album Accelerated Evolution
 * "Suicide", a song by Thin Lizzy from the 1975 album Fighting

Other uses

 * Animal suicide, suicide in animals concerns self-destructive behavior of various species in the animal kingdom
 * Aokigahara (also called the Suicide Forest), in Japan
 * Euthanasia, the practice of intentionally ending life to relieve pain and suffering
 * History of suicide
 * Suicide, a trick with the diabolo juggling prop, in which the player lets go of one hand and spins the diabolo freely
 * Suicide (b-boy move), a breakdancer's sudden drop to their back
 * Suicide Hill (Montana), a mountain in the U.S. state of Montana

title: Suicide (disambiguation)


text:
Yield spread

In finance, the yield spread or credit spread is the difference between the quoted rates of return on two different investments, usually of different credit qualities but similar maturities. It is often an indication of the risk premium for one investment product over another. The phrase is a compound of yield and spread.

The "yield spread of X over Y" is generally the annualized percentage yield to maturity (YTM) of financial instrument X minus the YTM of financial instrument Y. There are several measures of yield spread relative to a benchmark yield curve, including interpolated spread (I-spread), zero-volatility spread (Z-spread), and option-adjusted spread (OAS).

It is also possible to define a yield spread between two different maturities of otherwise comparable bonds. For example, if a certain bond with a 10-year maturity yields 8% and a comparable bond from the same issuer with a 5-year maturity yields 5%, then the term premium between them may be quoted as 8% – 5% = 3%. A "credit spread curve" (usually, positively sloped) depicts the relationship between credit spread and maturity, i.e. term structure; curves may also be constructed for credit structure.

Yield spread analysis
Yield spread analysis involves comparing the yield, maturity, liquidity and creditworthiness of two instruments, or of one security relative to a benchmark, and tracking how particular patterns vary over time.

When yield spreads widen between bond categories with different credit ratings, all else equal, it implies that the market is factoring more risk of default on the lower-grade bonds. For example, if a risk-free 10-year Treasury note is currently yielding 5% while junk bonds with the same duration are averaging 7%, then the spread between Treasuries and junk bonds is 2%. If that spread widens to 4% (increasing the junk bond yield to 9%), then the market is forecasting a greater risk of default, probably because of weaker economic prospects for the borrowers. A narrowing of yield spreads (between bonds of different risk ratings) implies that the market is factoring in less risk, probably due to an improving economic outlook.

The TED spread is one commonly-quoted credit spread. The difference between Baa-rated ten-year corporate bonds and ten-year Treasuries is another commonly-quoted credit spread.

Consumer loans
Yield spread can also be an indicator of profitability for a lender providing a loan to an individual borrower. For consumer loans, particularly home mortgages, an important yield spread is the difference between the interest rate actually paid by the borrower on a particular loan and the (lower) interest rate that the borrower's credit would allow that borrower to pay. For example, if a borrower's credit is good enough to qualify for a loan at 5% interest rate but accepts a loan at 6%, then the extra 1% yield spread (with the same credit risk) translates into additional profit for the lender. As a business strategy, lenders typically offer yield spread premiums to brokers who identify borrowers willing to pay higher yield spreads.

title: Yield spread


text:
Hollingbourne railway station

Hollingbourne railway station serves Hollingbourne in Kent, England. It was opened in 1884 and is 45 mi down the line from London Victoria.

The station, and all trains serving it, is operated by Southeastern.

History
Hollingbourne station opened on 1 July 1884 as part of the London, Chatham and Dover Railway's extension of the line from Maidstone to Ashford West. The goods yard was on the up side. It comprises five sidings, one of which served a goods shed and another served a cattle dock. Freight facilities were withdrawn on 15 May 1961. The signal box closed on 14 April 1984.

The station is unmanned; a self-service ticket machine is located on the up platform. (Platform 1)

Services
All services at Hollingbourne are operated by Southeastern using and  EMUs.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:

 * 1 tph to London Victoria via Maidstone East
 * 1 tph to Ashford International

Additional services, including trains to and from London Charing Cross call at the station during the peak hours.

title: Hollingbourne railway station


text:
Europlug

The Europlug is a flat, non-rewirable two-pole, round-pin domestic AC power plug, rated for voltages up to 250 V and currents up to 2.5 A. It is a compromise design intended to connect low-power Class II appliances safely to the many different forms of round-pin domestic power socket used across Europe. However, it is not compatible with the rectangular-pin BS 1363 sockets found in Cyprus, Gibraltar, Singapore, Malaysia, United Arab Emirates, Hong Kong, Ireland, Malta and the United Kingdom. By the standard, Europlugs must be non-rewirable and must be supplied attached to a power cord; anything else is non-compliant.

The plug is often used on the housing of small plug-in power supplies. Even if standardization excludes it, there are cable couplings for Europlugs and rewireable plugs available.

History
The Europlug design, intended for use with socket-outlets meeting other standards, appeared first in 1963 as Alternative II of Standard Sheet XVI in the second edition of CEE Publication 7 by the contributing members of Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Federal Republic of Germany, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, and Yugoslavia. The Europlug is therefore sometimes also referred to as the "CEE 7/16 Alternative II plug" or simply as the "CEE 7/16 plug". It was also described in 1975 as plug C5 in IEC Technical Report 83. In 1990 it was defined by Cenelec standard EN 50075 which has national equivalents in most European countries, as described in IEC 60083 which superseded IEC/TR 83 (and no longer uses the C5 designation).

The Europlug is unusual as the standard specifies a plug only; there is no socket-outlet defined specifically for use with it.

The Europlug is attached to the housing of small power devices of Class II with maximal current of 2.5 A. But then the internal clearances to the high voltage are no longer guaranteed.

Design considerations
The dimensions of the Europlug were chosen for compatibility and safe use, such that with continental European domestic power sockets

 * reliable contact is established when the plug is fully inserted;
 * no live conductive parts are accessible while the plug is inserted into each type of socket;
 * it is not possible to establish a connection between one pin and a live socket contact while the other pin is accessible.

Additionally, the design allows for a more compact and less bulky design of mobile phone chargers, than the BS 1363 form factor in the UK.

Europlugs are only designed for low-power (less than 2.5 A) Class II (double-insulated) devices that operate at normal room temperature and do not require a protective-earth connection.

Unauthorized production
Although the standard does not permit extension cables and does not define any socket-outlets, unauthorized extension cables and sockets are produced primarily in China and make the appliance pose a risk of cable fire and electric shock.

Details
The pins of the Europlug are 19 mm long. They consist of a 9 mm long conductive tip of 4 mm diameter with a rounded ending, followed by a 10 mm long flexible insulated shaft of not more than 3.8 mm diameter. The two pins are not exactly parallel and converge slightly; their centres are 17 to 18 mm apart at the tip and 18 to 19 mm apart at the base. The elasticity of the converging pins provides sufficient contact force for the Europlug's current rating with a variety of socket-hole arrangements. The entire plug is 35.3 mm wide and 13.7 mm high, and must not exceed these dimensions within 18 mm behind its front plane (this allows for the recesses on many European socket types). The left and right side of the plug are formed by surfaces that are at 45° relative to the horizontal plane.

Types C, E, F, and K
The Europlug is designed to be compatible with these sockets. They have 4.8 mm holes with centres spaced 19 mm apart. The minimum distance between the holes is thus 14.2 mm, while the minimum distance between the converged pins on the Europlug is 13.5 mm, allowing it to grip the socket despite its smaller pin width.

Type D
The Europlug is not compatible with type D sockets, used in e.g. India and South Africa. These sockets have 5.1 mm holes with centres spaced 19.1 mm apart, which means a Europlug can be inserted if the sockets do not have protective shutters. However, the socket design might not allow the plug to grip it.

Type G
The Europlug is physically not compatible with BS 1363 13 A sockets, used in e.g. the UK and Ireland. UK law requires a suitable fuse to be fitted in each plug to protect the appliance flexible cord; Europlugs do not contain such fuses. BS 1363 sockets contain a child-safety shutter; clause 13.7.2 of BS 1363-2 requires that Europlugs will not open the shutters. In some types of BS 1363 socket (but not all) the safety mechanism can be tampered with so that a Europlug may then be forced into the open line and neutral ports. The UK Electrical Safety Council has drawn attention to the fire risk associated with forcing Europlugs into BS 1363 sockets. There is also a risk of damage to both the plug and socket.

UK consumer protection legislation requires that most domestic electrical goods sold must be provided with fitted plugs to BS 1363-1. The exception is that shavers, electric toothbrushes and similar personal hygiene products may be supplied with a Europlug as an alternative to the BS 4573 plug (see below).

The Europlug fits BS 1363 sockets without shutters, but the plug is only rated for 2.5 A and the UK sockets are fused at 32 A. The round pins have only a very small contact area with the rectangular sockets.

Fused conversion plugs to BS 1363-5 are available for Europlugs, and equipment fitted with these may be legally sold in the UK.

BS 4573 (UK shaver)
The Europlug is not designed to be compatible with BS 4573 sockets. These sockets have 5.1 mm holes with centres spaced 16.7 mm apart, meaning a reliable contact might not be possible.

Most 2-pin UK shaver sockets will accept either BS 4573 plugs or Europlugs, but are rated for a maximum of 0.2 A. UK consumer protection legislation allows for shavers, electric toothbrushes and similar personal hygiene products to be supplied with a Europlug as an alternative to the BS 4573 plug. This has the advantage that these devices can then also be used in other European countries.

Type H
Originally these sockets had flat openings and were not compatible with the Europlug. In 1989 a new version was designed to be compatible with the Europlug. Newer sockets have 4.5 mm holes with centres spaced 19 mm apart. The minimum distance between the holes is thus 14.5 mm, while the minimum distance between the converged pins on the Europlug is 13.5 mm, allowing it to grip the socket despite its smaller pin width.

SN 441011 (Switzerland), Type J
The Europlug is designed to be compatible with Type 11 & 12 (outdated single-phase sockets, 10 A) and Type 13 (recessed single-phase socket, 10 A; Type J) and is consequently compatible with all by SN 441011 currently supported sockets. This includes Type 15 (three-phase, 10 A), Type 21 & 23 (single-phase, 16 A) and Type 25 (three-phase, 16 A). The diameter of the openings of the 10 A sockets is 4.5 mm and the openings of the 16 A sockets are 4.5 x 5.5 mm wide. The norm space between L (one-phase) or L1 (three-phase) and N is 19 mm.

Type L
The Europlug is designed to be compatible with 10A Type L sockets, commonly found in Italy. They have 4.0 mm holes with centres spaced 19 mm apart. It is also compatible with dual 10A/16A sockets, but it does not fit into the 16A only variant.

Type N
The 10 A variant of type N used in Brazil has 4.0 mm holes and also allows the Europlug to be used; see Types J and L. The 20 A variant has 4.8 mm holes and also allows the Europlug to be used; see Types E, F and K.

Type O
Thailand has a hybrid receptacle which also supports Europlug. However, with the Type O standard with 4.8 mm diameter, the standard Europlug with 4.0 mm might experience loose contact.

title: Europlug


text:
Acronauplia

The Acronauplia (, Iç Kale, "Inner Castle") is the oldest part of the city of Nafplion in Greece. Until the thirteenth century, it was a town on its own. The arrival of the Venetians and the Franks transformed it into part of the town fortifications. Later, part of it was used as a prison until the Greek government decided that the view provided from its location would benefit the local tourism and built a hotel complex which still stands there today.

title: Acronauplia


text:
Tony Sampson

Tony Sampson is a Canadian musician, oiler and retired actor. From 1999 to 2009, he voiced Eddy in the Cartoon Network animated series Ed, Edd n Eddy.

Biography
Tony Sampson was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He has played the role of Flash in the Canadian television drama The Odyssey and Eddy from Ed, Edd, n Eddy. Sampson has also worked for Vancouver's Ocean Productions and Voicebox Productions, primarily in anime.

After Ed, Edd n Eddy ended in 2009, he retired from acting to work in the oil sands industry in Fort McMurray, operating heavy equipment. Sampson later revealed this was because the production company he was working under threatened to blacklist him from the acting industry after requesting a modest raise.

Since 2013, he has been a musical artist with songs on Spotify and iTunes. Sampson once made a guest appearance at the March Toronto Anime Con in 2006.

Animation

 * Alien Racers as Kreff
 * Captain Zed and the Zee Zone as Nasty Norman, Additional Voices
 * Cardcaptors as Tori Avalon
 * Cardcaptors: The Movie as Tori Avalon
 * Dokkoida?! as Additional Voices
 * Dragon Ball Z (Ocean Dub) as Pigero (ep. 10)
 * Ed, Edd n Eddy as Eddy
 * Ed, Edd n Eddy's Big Picture Show as Eddy
 * Elemental Gelade as Rig (ep. 5), Additional Voices
 * Exosquad as Pirate
 * Fat Dog Mendoza as Additional Voices
 * Fatal Fury: Legend of the Hungry Wolf as Young Andy Bogard
 * Fatal Fury 2: The New Battle as Tony
 * Galaxy Angel as Darling (ep. 10), Max (ep. 20)
 * The Grim Adventures of the KND as Eddy
 * Hikaru no Go as Aoki
 * Human Crossing as Driver (ep. 5), Young Ichiro (ep. 6), Bully (ep. 11), Gang Member C (ep. 12)
 * Infinite Ryvius as Marco, Ryu Gil
 * Inuyasha as Seikai's Disciple (ep. 22)
 * Master Keaton as Phil (ep. 34)
 * Mega Man as Gemini Man
 * MegaMan NT Warrior as Dex Oyama
 * MegaMan NT Warrior Axess as Dex Oyama
 * Mobile Suit Gundam SEED as Miguel Aiman, Recap Narrator (ep. 26)
 * My Little Pony Tales as Teddy
 * Please Save My Earth as Jinpachi Ogura/Gyokuran
 * Project ARMS as Lt. Karl Higgins (eps. 21-23), Additional Voices
 * Ranma ½ as Genji Heita (ep. 74)
 * Starship Operators as Hide Chiba (eps. 3, 10 & 13)
 * Tokyo Underground as Additional Voices
 * Transformers: Armada as Fred
 * What About Mimi? as Brock Wickersham
 * X-Men: Evolution as Berzerker/Ray Crisp

Video games

 * Tonka Town as Chris the Crane, Tooey Timingbelt

Live-action

 * Annie O (1995 TV Film) as Heckler #1
 * Are You Afraid of the Dark? as Shawn Mackenzie ("The Tale of the Water Demons")
 * Da Vinci's Inquest as David Crayling ("The Most Dangerous Time")
 * Dead Like Me as College Boy ("Sunday Mornings")
 * Dirty Little Secret (1998 TV Film) as Clerk
 * Man of the House as Big Kid at School #1
 * Millennium as Anthony ("The Mikado")
 * Poltergeist: The Legacy as George ("The Substitute")
 * The Angel of Pennsylvania Avenue as Newsboy
 * The Commish as Derek ("The Sharp Pinch")
 * The Odyssey as Keith/Flash Haldane
 * The X-Files as Brad ("Red Museum"), Harley (Brother #1) ("Kill Switch")

Discography

 * Blasm! (studio album, 2018)

title: Tony Sampson


text:
Palamidi

Palamidi (Παλαμήδι) is a fortress to the east of the Acronauplia in the town of Nafplio in the Peloponnese region of southern Greece. Nestled on the crest of a 216 m high hill, the fortress was built by the Venetians during their second occupation of the area (1686–1715).

The fortress was a very large and ambitious project, but was finished within a relatively short period from 1711 until 1714. It is a typical baroque fortress based on the plans of Venetian engineer Antonio Giancix (Antun Jančić) and built by French military engineer Pierre de la Salle. In 1715 it was captured by the Ottomans and remained under their control until 1822, when it was captured by the Greeks.

The eight bastions of the fortress were originally named after the Venetian provveditori. However, when it fell to the Ottoman Empire, the bastions were given Turkish names. Lastly, when the Greeks overthrew the Turks the bastions were renamed after ancient Greek leaders and heroes (Epaminondas, Miltiades, Leonidas, Phocion, Achilles, Themistocles. The two remaining bastions were named after St. Andrew (Agios Andreas) and the French Philhellene Robert who died in battle on the Acropolis of Athens. The "Miltiades," was used as a prison and among its walls was also held Theodoros Kolokotronis, hero of the Greek Revolution.

The fortress commands an impressive view over the Argolic Gulf, the city of Náfplio and the surrounding country. There are 913 steps in the winding stair from the town to the fortress. However, to reach the top of the fortress there are over one thousand. Locals in the town of Nafplion will say there are 999 steps to the top of the castle, and specials can be found on menus that incorporate this number to catch a tourist's eye.

title: Palamidi


text:
David Flint

David Edward Flint (born 1938) is an Australian legal academic, known for his leadership of Australians for Constitutional Monarchy and for his tenure as head of the Australian Broadcasting Authority.

Early life and education
David Flint was born in 1938 and grew up in the Sydney suburb of Waverley. His mother was Indonesian. She enjoyed music and dancing, and Flint took her out dancing every week until she died aged 90. That was always disapproved of by his father, a public servant, champion amateur boxer, and member of a puritanical religious organisation.

Flint attended Sydney Boys High School, before studying law, economics and international relations at the Universities of London, Paris, and Sydney, leading to a career in the law and academia. He states that he was "a socialist in his student days".

Career
Admitted as a lawyer in New South Wales and England and Wales, he practised for a number of years, lecturing in several university business and law schools. That included a wide range of subjects including business, tax, antitrust, comparative, constitutional and international law.

He has written widely in various journals, and in the press in English and very occasionally in French, on topics such as the media, international economic law, European Union law, Australia's constitution, Australia's 1999 constitutional referendum and on direct democracy. His views are often sought by the Australian and international media.

In 1975, he joined the Australian Labor Party in indignation over the dismissal of then Prime Minister Gough Whitlam. He was asked to act as head of the University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Business for one year in 1977.

At UTS in the 1980s, he was elected and re-elected president of the union staff association and was a delegate to the NSW Labor Council.

In 1987, he was appointed the UTS Dean of Law in 1987 and reappointed twice, holding office until 1997. He was elected four times by law deans as Convener of the Committee of Australian Law Deans, holding office from 1990 to 1993. In 1990, he was appointed by the federal government as a member of the International Legal Services Council, a position he held for six years. In 1989, after an assessment by a committee including a former chief justice and a professor of international law in three Australian universities, he was awarded a chair in law at UTS. He has held professorial positions in other universities, and is now an emeritus professor of law.

During his term as Dean, he introduced a full-time law degree and a series of joint programmes with other disciplines including computing and science. He also proposed significant changes to Australian university and to Australian legal education, including:
 * for the first time in an Australian public university, twelve months teaching through Summer and Winter programmes;
 * the introduction of a range of graduate programmes for non-lawyers;
 * the first Australian professional doctorate, the SJD;
 * the first Australian university programmes in Alternative Dispute Resolution;
 * the inclusion of periods of study at foreign universities as part of law and other programmes;
 * the incorporation of Practical Legal training into the LL.B – “one-stop” legal education;
 * a detailed proposal for the introduction of a US style Doctor Juris;
 * strong support for the introduction of AUSTLII, based at UTS in a venture with UNSW, which gives open internet access to Australian statute and case law.

He has been Second Vice-President and National President for Australia of the World Jurist Association, and was also president of the Federation of Australian Branches of the English Speaking Union. He was also a board member and former editor of the Australian Branch of the International Law Association.

Regulator
Flint was appointed head of the Australian Press Council in 1987 in succession to Hal Wootten. All previous chairmen had been former senior judges. As deputy chairman and chairman of the Council's Freedom of the Press Committee, Flint was seen as bringing the Council back from the brink after it divided over how to react to the takeover of Herald and Weekly Times by News Limited, precipitating the resignation of Wootten.

Flint remained in the chairmanship until 1997. His contributions included streamlining the complaints process and enhancing the Council's role in defending freedom of the press, including filing, and appearing in, an amicus curiae brief to the High Court of Australia. He also succeeded in promoting the Council in the media and to the public, all within a tight budget. He requested that the usual honorarium be used for media research and other Council related purposes. From 1992 to 1996, he was Chairman of the Executive Council of the World Association of Press Councils.

During 1998, he was invited by the Coalition Government to chair the Australian Broadcasting Authority, although the only political party he had previously belonged to was the Labor Party, where he had been a branch president. By 2004, having long since abandoned the ALP, he had become a member of the Liberal Party.

In 2004, Flint resigned from the ABA, after a controversy over a letter which he had sent to broadcaster Alan Jones soon after his appointment and well before the lead-up to his heading the ABA's cash for comment inquiry into commercial broadcasting. The letter mentioned an international affairs seminar where Paul Kelly, a leading journalist with The Australian, had stressed the influence of Alan Jones' radio programme. When a controversy later arose about the direct sponsorship of commercial radio presenters, Flint announced that he would ask the ABA board to set up a public inquiry, which board members unanimously agreed to. As chairman of the ABA, Flint was chairman of the inquiry.

In an appearance years later on the ABC television program Enough Rope, prominent Sydney broadcaster John Laws accused Alan Jones of placing pressure on John Howard (prime minister since 1996) to keep Flint as head of the ABA. Laws said he had heard Jones say that he had "instructed" Howard to reappoint Flint in 2001.

Flint insisted that his resignation was "not an admission of guilt", and asserted that he had forgotten the letter, one of a large number which he had written. Furthermore, Flint alleged that, despite a thorough Freedom of Information investigation, hostile sections of the media had inflated the one letter into a "series of fan letters". The television program Media Watch, whose pursuit of the story was recognised by a Walkley Award for investigative journalism, claimed that it had provided an opportunity for Flint to unambiguously deny the existence of more than one letter. According to Media Watch, Flint's reply "did not deny the existence of the correspondence". Flint asserted that Laws was mistaken in his belief that anti-Laws sentiments on his part had led to recent ABA action against Laws. On the contrary, Flint stated in his book Malice in Media Land that he had defended Laws at the ABA, and had opposed the authority's decision to proceed against Laws, believing that the decision was both unjustified and unlawful.

Honours
Flint was awarded World Outstanding Legal Scholar, World Jurists Association, Barcelona, in October 1991. On 12 June 1995, was made a Member of the Order of Australia "in recognition of service to the print media, particularly as Chairman of the Australian Press Council and to international relations".

Monarchist views
Flint is one of Australia's most prominent constitutional monarchists, in opposition to Australian republicanism. His book, The Cane Toad Republic, was used in the 1999 referendum campaign. That was followed in 2003 by Twilight of The Elites, which supported Australia's constitutional arrangements and the role of the Australian Crown. Flint has been National Convenor of Australians for Constitutional Monarchy since 1998, and a board member of the Samuel Griffith Society. He is a patron of the International Monarchist League in Australia, which supports and advances constitutional monarchy.

Views on Australian Same Sex Marriage survey
In 2017, Flint argued against the Australian Marriage Law Postal Survey on the grounds that it was not a valid referendum, and suggested that people should vote no.

Voice to Parliament
Flint opposed the Voice to Parliament. Flint dedicated an episode of his TV series "Save the Nation" to the topic in 2022.

Personal life
David Flint has been open about his homosexuality since his early adult years, but never discusses his private life or identifies the long-term partner with whom he has shared a home for over 30 years.

title: David Flint


text:
Orbost

Orbost is a historic early settlers town in the Shire of East Gippsland, Victoria, 375 km east of Melbourne and 235 km south of Canberra where the Princes Highway crosses the Snowy River. It is about 16 km from the surf and fishing seaside town of Marlo on the coast of Bass Strait and 217 km drive to Hotham Alpine Resort. Orbost is the service centre for the primary industries of beef, dairy cattle and sawmilling. More recently, tourism has become an important and thriving industry, being the major town close to several national parks that are between the east access to either the surf or the snow, including the famous Snowy River National Park, Alpine National Park, Errinundra National Park, Croajingolong National Park and Cape Conran Coastal Park.

The establishment of the Sailors Grave Brewery has also brought significant tourism to the area with its multiple festivals throughout the year. Cycling and canoeing have also become major tourist attractions drawing people to the area for its wide range of cycling tours and spectacular rivers throughout the region.

History
The Cameron family settled on the rich alluvial river flats in 1876, followed by many other selectors, many of them Scottish migrants. Allan Burn opened the Post Office on 1 December 1880 named Neumerella (sic) and was renamed Orbost in 1883. He and wife Joyce (nee Morgan) had nine children. They owned 237 acres on the Snowy River (now Burn Rd). Allan and his brother Robert Burn arrived in Australia in 1850. Robert's descendants still live in Orbost today. A Newmerella office opened in 1889 and closed in 1897, then reopened in 1921. The township was proclaimed in 1890 and a bridge constructed across the Snowy River and a telegraph office established. Sawmills were established in the area and the first batch of sawn timber was cut at Orbost in 1882. By the late 1890s produce was regularly being exported to Melbourne via coastal trading vessels sailing up the Snowy River to Orbost. The railway from Melbourne arrived in 1916, allowing further agricultural settlement up the valley, and exploitation of native hardwood forests for timber and railway sleepers. The Gippsland railway line and surrounding townships have embarked on a campaign to "Save the Snowy River Rail Bridge."

By the 1980s, logging of East Gippsland native forests had become an environmental issue. This resulted in the creation or extension of National Parks in the area, and a steady decline in forestry and sawmilling jobs. The general rural decline of the area and its economy saw the railway close in the mid-1980s and the population drop from around 4,000 to around 2000 by the start of the 21st century.

The Snowy Mountains Scheme resulted in the waters of the Snowy River being diverted to the Murray and Murrumbidgee Rivers and associated irrigation schemes. During the 1990s the low level of water in the Snowy River was a major concern, with a political campaign to increase the flow of water from the dam at Jindabyne. Independent candidate from the Orbost district, Craig Ingram, was elected in 1999, and re-elected in 2002, to the Victorian Legislative Assembly.

The small rural communities of Bendoc, Bonang and Tubbut lie North East of Orbost. Delegate in NSW is the next major town geographically across the NSW/Vic Border from Orbost.

Sports
The town is represented in the sport of Australian rules football by the Orbost-Snowy Rovers in the East Gippsland Football League.

The town's cricket teams have been successful at all levels in the Bairnsdale Cricket Association, ranging from U13s to A Grade.

The town also boasts a field hockey club which fields junior, women's and men's sides in the East Gippsland Hockey Association.

Golfers play at the course of the Orbost Golf Club on the Bonang Highway.

Transport
Orbost straddles the Princes Highway. A 567 metre bridge over the Orbost floodplain opened in November 1976. The town was connected to Melbourne when the Gippsland railway line opened to Orbost station in 1916 principally carrying timber and farming produce. In the early days of the railway's operation dedicated passenger trains ran but these ceased by the 1930s. The line closed in 1987 when the line was cut back to Bairnsdale. The track infrastructure was dismantled in 1993/94. The line traversed a mixture of farmland, hills and heavily forested country. It included numerous bridges, including the Stoney Creek Trestle Bridge, the largest of its kind in Victoria. Public transport services are provided to the town by V/Line with road coach services from Batemans Bay, Marlo and Canberra to Bairnsdale that connect with train services to Melbourne.

Orbost has a regional airport, Orbost Airport YORB (RBS).

Climate
Orbost has an oceanic climate with warm summers and mild winters. June is the wettest month and January is the driest. The town features 73 clear days annually, much more than Melbourne's 48 days. Due to the foehn effect, winters are a few degrees warmer than Melbourne's, despite them being on the same latitude.

Education
The Orbost region has four State primary schools, one Catholic primary school, and Orbost Secondary College (Government).

Notable people

 * Percival Bazeley, scientist
 * Jennings Carmichael (aka Grace Jennings Carmichael), poet
 * Richard Dalla-Riva, politician
 * Harry Firth, Australian motorsport legend. Winner of first Bathurst race in 1963.
 * Jennifer Hansen, TV presenter
 * Sarah Hanson-Young, politician
 * Nick Heyne, former Australian rules footballer with the St Kilda Football Club
 * Craig Ingram, politician
 * Charlie Lynn, politician
 * Tim Matthews, Paralympic athlete
 * Laura Jean McKay, author
 * Molly Meldrum, music critic, journalist, TV presenter
 * Peter Nixon, politician
 * Lindsay Tanner, politician
 * Brett Voss, Former Australian Rules Footballer St Kilda Football Club
 * Michael Voss, former Australian rules footballer and former coach of the Brisbane Lions in the AFL

title: Orbost


text:
User talk:Nomet

Welcome
Hello there Nomet, welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you ever need editing help visit How does one edit a page or how to format them visit our manual of style. Experiment at Sandbox. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump.

It is good form to sign your contributions to talk pages. You can do so automatically by typing, or ~ if you want a timestamp. The ~ can be inserted by clicking on the list of special characters under the edit box, in case your keyboard does not have it.

— Miguel 13:36, 2005 Apr 18 (UTC)

John Mills
Thanks for catching my mistake at John Mills. What was I thinking? --Theo (Talk) 18:54, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Tony Blair
Please see Talk:Tony Blair for my reason for removing your edit. David | Talk 4 July 2005 21:29 (UTC)

Image:Arms-westminster-lb.jpg
Hello Nomet, an automated process has found an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, such as fair use. The image (Image:Arms-westminster-lb.jpg) was found at the following location: User talk:Nomet. This image or media will be removed per statement number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media will be replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. The image that was replaced will not be automatically deleted, but it could be deleted at a later date. Articles using the same image should not be affected by my edits. I ask you to please not re-add the image to your userpage and could consider finding a replacement image licensed under either the Creative Commons or GFDL license or released to the public domain. Please note that it is possible that the image on your page is included vie a template or usebox. In that case, please find a free image for the template or userbox. Thanks for your attention and cooperation. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 09:59, 19 May 2007 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:01, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nomet


text:
User talk:Sebastianlutz

Welcome
Hello there Sebastian, welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you like the place and decide to stay. If you ever need editing help visit How does one edit a page or how to format them visit our manual of style. Experiment at Sandbox. If you need pointers on how we title pages visit Naming conventions. If you have any other questions about the project then check out Help or add a question to the Village pump.

It is good form to sign your contributions to talk pages. You can do so automatically by typing, or ~ if you want a timestamp. The ~ can be inserted by clicking on the list of special characters under the edit box, in case your keyboard does not have it.

— Miguel 13:38, 2005 Apr 18 (UTC)

 * Well, thanks a lot. — Sebastianlutz 09:13, 2005 Apr 19 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sebastianlutz


text:
Roundhouse

Roundhouse may refer to:

Types

 * Roundhouse (dwelling), a kind of house with circular walls, prehistoric and modern, all over the world
 * Atlantic roundhouse, an Iron Age stone building found in the northern and western parts of mainland Scotland, the Northern Isles and the Hebrides
 * Roundhouse (lock-up), a small jail
 * Roundhouse (windmill), the substructure of a post mill which encloses the trestle and forms a storage facility
 * Railway roundhouse, a building used by railroads for servicing locomotives
 * Roundhouse, or gin gang, an extension to a threshing barn

Australia

 * Round House (Western Australia), an historic structure in Fremantle, originally used as a jail
 * Broadmeadow roundhouse, a former railway roundhouse at the Broadmeadow Locomotive Depot
 * Goulburn roundhouse, a former railway roundhouse at the Goulburn Rail Heritage Centre
 * Valley Heights roundhouse, a former railway roundhouse at the Valley Heights Locomotive Depot Heritage Museum
 * The Roundhouse, an entertainment venue at the University of New South Wales

Canada

 * Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway Roundhouse

United Kingdom

 * Roundhouse (venue), an entertainment venue and former railway roundhouse in Chalk Farm, London, England
 * Dagenham Roundhouse, a pub and venue in East London
 * Horton Rounds, a Grade II listed house in Northamptonshire, England, sometimes referred to as the Round House
 * St Giles's Roundhouse, a prison in London, England
 * That Roundhouse, a private eco-dwelling within the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park in Wales
 * The Round House (Havering), a Georgian villa in outer London
 * The Round House, Stanton Drew, a former toll house in Somerset
 * Round House (London Zoo), a 1933 gorilla house in the Modernist style

United States

 * Round House (Barnstable, Massachusetts), 1930, a three-story wood frame round house
 * Round House (Connecticut), a rotating residence designed by Richard Foster
 * Round House (Somerville, Massachusetts)
 * Roundhouse Railroad Museum, now the Georgia State Railroad Museum, in Savannah, Georgia, United States
 * Round House (Los Angeles) or Garden of Paradise, an 1847 adobe landmark
 * Round House, the exercise term for a DEFCON 3 alert

Russia

 * The Round Houses in Moscow

Nicknames

 * Charles Koch Arena, Wichita, Kansas
 * McKenzie Arena, Chattanooga, Tennessee
 * New Mexico State Capitol, Santa Fe, New Mexico
 * Philadelphia Police Department headquarters, Pennsylvania

Elsewhere

 * Round House (Nunspeet, Netherlands)
 * Round House (Odesa), a historic building in Odesa, Ukraine
 * African round hut (Africa)

Arts and entertainment

 * Roundhouse (album), a 1990 album by Tar
 * Roundhouse (periodical), a magazine publication of Transport Heritage NSW (formerly the New South Wales Rail Transport Museum)
 * Roundhouse (TV series), a Nickelodeon television show
 * Round House Theatre, a non-profit theater production company in Maryland
 * The Round House (novel), a 2011 novel by Louise Erdrich
 * Roundhouse Recording Studios, a London recording studio founded by Gerry Bron in 1975

Other uses

 * Roundhouse punch in boxing, delivered in a circular direction, instead of a straight line
 * Roundhouse kick, a martial arts technique
 * Roundhouse clinic, addiction services in Boston, MA

title: Roundhouse


text: Category:Rephlex Records albums

title: Category:Rephlex Records albums


text:
User talk:MJGR

Shannon Number
Hi MJGR: thanks for your contributions to the SQL DELETE page. If you're interested in chess and computers you might check out the article on the Shannon number. There might be some better research on a more precise estimate of this number. Kaimiddleton 22:19, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

Biographies of Living Persons
Hey there. When you add to a talkpage, if the subject is no longer alive, could you mark the "living=" field as "no"? Marking it as "yes" adds the disclaimer about Biographies of Living Persons, which isn't really relevant to these people. Thanks! Binabik80 15:00, 17 September 2006 (UTC)

Requested Move at Case Closed
I write to you because I have read your contributions for the RfC for the name of the article Case Closed/Detective Conan (Currently archived at Talk:Case Closed/Name dispute discussions. A page move request has been made to move the page (and 11 related pages) to Detective Conan; please comment it on Talk:Case Closed.--Samuel CurtisShinichian-Hirokian-- TALK · CONTRIBS 13:20, 11 April 2007 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:01, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:MJGR


text:
Bearsted railway station

Bearsted railway station serves Bearsted in Kent, England. The station and all trains serving it are operated by Southeastern. It is 42 mi down the line from London Victoria via Herne Hill.

Inside the station building are staffed and self-service ticket sales and a café. A new footbridge was built on the opposite side of the station from the original in 2011.

History
Bearsted station opened on 1 July 1884 as part of the London, Chatham and Dover Railway's extension of the line from Maidstone to Ashford West. The goods yard was on the up side. It comprised three sidings, one of which served a goods shed. A 30 cwt-capacity crane was provided. Freight facilities were withdrawn on 7 October 1968. The signal box closed on 14 April 1984. A refuge siding was located on the down side.

Services
All services at Bearsted are operated by Southeastern using and  EMUs.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:

 * 1 tph to London Victoria via Maidstone East
 * 1 tph to Ashford International

Additional services, including trains to and from London Charing Cross call at the station during the peak hours.

title: Bearsted railway station


text:
QRS complex

The QRS complex is the combination of three of the graphical deflections seen on a typical electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). It is usually the central and most visually obvious part of the tracing. It corresponds to the depolarization of the right and left ventricles of the heart and contraction of the large ventricular muscles.

In adults, the QRS complex normally lasts 80 to 100 ms; in children it may be shorter. The Q, R, and S waves occur in rapid succession, do not all appear in all leads, and reflect a single event and thus are usually considered together. A Q wave is any downward deflection immediately following the P wave. An R wave follows as an upward deflection, and the S wave is any downward deflection after the R wave. The T wave follows the S wave, and in some cases, an additional U wave follows the T wave.

To measure the QRS interval start at the end of the PR interval (or beginning of the Q wave) to the end of the S wave. Normally this interval is 0.08 to 0.10 seconds. When the duration is longer it is considered a wide QRS complex.

Formation
Depolarization of the heart ventricles occurs almost simultaneously, via the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers. If they are working efficiently, the QRS complex duration in adults is 80 to 110 ms.

Clinical significance
Any abnormality of conduction takes longer and causes "widened" QRS complexes. In bundle branch block, there can be an abnormal second upward deflection within the QRS complex. In this case, such a second upward deflection is referred to as R′ (pronounced "R prime"). This would be described as an RSR′ pattern.

Ventricles contain more muscle mass than the atria. Therefore, the QRS complex is considerably larger than the P wave. The QRS complex is often used to determine the axis of the electrocardiogram, although it is also possible to determine a separate P wave axis.

The duration, amplitude, and morphology of the QRS complex are useful in diagnosing cardiac arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial infarction, electrolyte derangements, and other disease states.

High frequency analysis of the QRS complex may be useful for detection of coronary artery disease during an exercise stress test.

Q wave
Normal Q waves, when present, represent depolarization of the interventricular septum. For this reason, they are referred to as septal Q waves and can be appreciated in the lateral leads I, aVL, V5 and V6.

Pathologic Q waves occur when the electrical signal passes through stunned or scarred heart muscle; as such, they are usually markers of previous myocardial infarctions, with subsequent fibrosis. A pathologic Q wave is defined as having a deflection amplitude of 25% or more of the subsequent R wave, or being > 0.04 s (40 ms) in width and > 2 mm in amplitude. However, diagnosis requires the presence of this pattern in more than one corresponding lead.

R wave progression
Looking at the precordial leads, the R wave usually progresses from showing an rS-type complex in V1 with an increasing R and a decreasing S wave when moving toward the left side. There is usually a qR-type of complex in V5 and V6, with the R-wave amplitude usually taller in V5 than in V6. It is normal to have a narrow QS and rSr' patterns in V1, and this is also the case for qRs and R patterns in V5 and V6. The transition zone is where the QRS complex changes from predominantly negative to predominantly positive (R/S ratio becoming >1), and this usually occurs at V3 or V4. It is normal to have the transition zone at V2 (called "early transition") and at V5 (called "delayed transition"). In biomedical engineering, the maximum amplitude in the R wave is usually called "R peak amplitude", or just "R peak". Accurate R peak detection is essential in signal processing equipment for heart rate measurement and it is the main feature used for arrhythmia detection.

The definition of poor R wave progression (PRWP) varies in the literature. It may be defined, for example, as R wave of less than 2–4 mm in leads V3 or V4 and/or presence of a reversed R wave progression, which is defined as R in V4 < R in V3 or R in V3 < R in V2 or R in V2 < R in V1, or any combination of these. Poor R wave progression is commonly attributed to anterior myocardial infarction, but it may also be caused by left bundle branch block, Wolff–Parkinson–White syndrome, right and left ventricular hypertrophy, or a faulty ECG recording technique.

R wave peak time
R wave peak time (RWPT) represents the time from the onset of QRS complex to the peak of R wave, which is usually measured in aVL and V5 or V6 leads.

R-peak time for right ventricle is measured from leads V1 or V2, where upper range of normal is 35 ms. R wave peak time for left ventricle is measured from lead V5 or V6 and 45 ms is the upper range of normal. R wave peak time is considered to be prolonged if it's more than 45 ms.

J-point
The point where the QRS complex meets the ST segment is the J-point. The J-point is easy to identify when the ST segment is horizontal and forms a sharp angle with the last part of the QRS complex. However, when the ST segment is sloped or the QRS complex is wide, the two features do not form a sharp angle and the location of the J-point is less clear. There is no consensus on the precise location of the J-point in these circumstances. Two possible definitions are:
 * The "first point of inflection of the upstroke of the S wave"
 * The point at which the ECG trace becomes more horizontal than vertical

Terminology

Not every QRS complex contains a Q wave, an R wave, and an S wave. By convention, any combination of these waves can be referred to as a QRS complex. However, correct interpretation of difficult ECGs requires exact labeling of the various waves. Some authors use lowercase and capital letters, depending on the relative size of each wave. For example, an Rs complex would be positively deflected, while an rS complex would be negatively deflected. If both complexes were labeled RS, it would be impossible to appreciate this distinction without viewing the actual ECG.

Monomorphic or polymorphic
Monomorphic refers to all QRS waves in a single lead being similar in shape. Polymorphic means that the QRS change from complex to complex. These terms are used in the description of ventricular tachycardia.

Algorithms
A common algorithm used for QRS complex detection is the Pan-Tompkins algorithm (or method); another is based on the Hilbert transform. Numerous other algorithms have been proposed and investigated. In recent research, heart beat detection methods based on visibility graphs have been introduced, enabling fast and sample-precise R-peak annotation even in noisy ECG.

title: QRS complex