text:
Josh McCown

Joshua Treadwell McCown (born July 4, 1979) is an American football coach and former quarterback who is the quarterbacks coach for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the SMU Mustangs and Sam Houston Bearkats, and was selected by the Arizona Cardinals in the third round of the 2002 NFL draft. McCown went on to play eighteen seasons in the NFL across twelve franchises, largely serving in a backup role. He also spent a season in the United Football League (UFL).

McCown attended Jacksonville High School in Jacksonville, Texas, where he was named the East Texas Player of the Year and earned All-State honorable mention honors as a senior. He played three seasons for the SMU Mustangs of Southern Methodist University, where he passed for totals of 4,022 yards, 27 touchdowns, and 34 interceptions. He then transferred to play his final season of college football for the Sam Houston State Bearkats of Sam Houston State University. In his only season with the Bearkats, he threw for 3,481 yards, 32 touchdowns and 12 interceptions, earning Southland Football League Player of the Year and Third-team Division I-AA All-American honors.

McCown was then selected by the Cardinals in the third round of the 2002 NFL draft and played for the team from 2002 to 2005. He was mainly the backup quarterback during his tenure with the Cardinals but was the team's primary starter in 2004. He was a backup with the Detroit Lions in 2006 and was traded to the Oakland Raiders in 2007, where he started nine games. McCown then signed with the Miami Dolphins in 2008, but was traded to the Carolina Panthers before the start of the 2008 regular season. He was a backup with the Panthers from 2008 to 2009. He then played for the Hartford Colonials of the UFL in 2010, followed by a short off-season stint with the San Francisco 49ers in 2011. McCown was then a backup with the Chicago Bears from 2011 to 2013. In eight games, and five starts, in 2013, he threw for 1,829 yards, 13 touchdowns, and one interception, garnering the third-best passer rating in the NFL. He then signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, where he was the team's primary starter in 2014. However, after underperforming, McCown was released by the team and signed by the Cleveland Browns. He was the primary starter for the Browns in 2015 and a backup for the Browns in 2016. He was released by the Browns after the 2016 season and then signed with the New York Jets. He was the primary starter for the Jets in 2017 and set single-season career highs with 267 completions, a 67.3 completion percentage, 2,926 passing yards, 18 passing touchdowns and 5 rushing touchdowns. After serving as a backup for the Jets in 2018, McCown retired from the NFL and briefly joined ESPN as an NFL analyst. However, he came out of retirement to sign with the Philadelphia Eagles in August 2019, serving as a backup during the 2019 season. In the Wild Card Round of the 2019–20 NFL playoffs, McCown replaced an injured Carson Wentz and played the majority of the game at the age of 40, becoming the oldest quarterback in NFL history to make his postseason debut. In November 2020, he was signed off of the Eagles' practice squad by the Houston Texans; his last NFL team.

In 2023, McCown was hired by the Panthers to be their quarterbacks coach under head coach Frank Reich. McCown was fired by the Panthers after a 1–10 start to the season. He became the Vikings' quarterbacks coach in 2024.

Early life
McCown grew up on a ranch in Jacksonville, Texas, and attended Jacksonville High School. He had a significant growth spurt in high school that helped his football career. McCown later said, "My first driver's license said 5-foot-4. At 16, I was 5–4." A coach of McCown's also said, "We knew Josh was going to be a good football player if he ever grew. But it sure took awhile. He really started shooting up in the second half of his junior year." In McCown's senior year in 1997, he led the team to the playoffs and was the East Texas Player of the Year, District 17-4A Offensive Player of the Year, and an All-State honorable mention. He also played basketball and won All-District second team honors as a shooting guard his senior year. The Jacksonville Chamber of Commerce inducted him into their Wall of Fame in 2013.

SMU
McCown played college football for the SMU Mustangs of Southern Methodist University from 1998 to 2000, passing for 4,022 yards and 27 touchdowns, but also threw 34 interceptions. He started 25 total games for the Mustangs. He played in 9 games, starting 5, for the Mustangs his freshman season in 1998, completing 46 of 99 passes for 619 yards and 7 touchdowns with 8 interceptions. McCown split time with sophomore Chris Sanders in 1998. McCown was the first freshman to start at quarterback for the team since 1989. He started in 10 games for the Mustangs in 1999, completing 125 of 234 passes for 1,434 yards and 11 touchdowns with 10 interceptions. He set a school record for consecutive completions when he completed 19 passes in a row against Tulsa in 1999. McCown started 9 games for the Mustangs his junior year in 2000, completing 169 of 331 passes for 1,969 yards and 9 touchdowns with 16 interceptions. He threw for 420 yards against Texas-El Paso in 2000, which was the third-highest total in SMU history. He started the first six games of the 2000 season before being replaced by David Page for three games. McCown then started the final three games for the Mustangs.

Sam Houston State
McCown transferred his senior year to play for Sam Houston State. He transferred to be in an offense that threw more and to have a better chance to win. He surpassed his three-year SMU touchdown total in just one season for the Bearkats, completing 259 of 429 passes for 3,481 yards and 32 touchdowns with 12 interceptions as a senior in 2001. The Bearkats finished the season with a 10–3 record and were Southland Football League co-champions with McNeese State. Sam Houston State defeated Northern Arizona in the first round of the Division I-AA national playoffs to reach the I-AA quarterfinals, where the Bearkats lost to eventual national champion Montana. He set single-season school records in pass completions, attempts, yards, and touchdowns. McCown's 3,481 passing yards ranked eighth on the school's career list. He also rushed for 351 yards and 6 touchdowns on 112 attempts. He threw for 404 yards and tied a school single-game record with 5 touchdowns against Western Illinois in 2001. McCown was named the SFL Player of the Year and earned First Team All-SFL honors in 2001. He was also named a Third Team Division I-AA All-American by The Sports Network. Following his senior season, he was one of 16 players considered for the Walter Payton Award, given to the top performer in NCAA Division I-AA football. McCown finished seventh in the Walter Payton Award voting. He replaced Joey Harrington on the 2002 Senior Bowl roster after Harrington suffered a knee injury in the East–West Shrine Game. McCown played in the Senior Bowl and had a "strong game", completing 7 of 11 passes for 117 yards while also rushing for a 12-yard touchdown. He majored in history at Sam Houston State. McCown was inducted into the Sam Houston Athletic Hall of Honor in 2013.

College statistics
Source:

2002
McCown had an impressive performance at the NFL Combine, which saw him post a 40-yard dash in the mid-4-second range, a 10-foot long jump, and a $38 1/2$-inch vertical jump. One scout who attended the combine said, "He could be the third quarterback taken or the eighth quarterback." McCown was rated the sixth-best quarterback in the 2002 NFL draft by NFLDraftScout.com. He was selected by the Arizona Cardinals in the third round of the 2002 NFL draft, with the 81st overall pick, and was the fourth quarterback to be drafted. Dave McGinnis, the head coach of the Cardinals when McCown was drafted, later stated, "[McCown] had all the background essentials you really liked. And he's a fabulous athlete. If you were going to start a pickup basketball game in the building, he'd be one of your first choices." McCown played for the Cardinals from 2002 to 2005.

Entering his rookie season, McCown became the team's second-string quarterback after former Cardinals backup Chris Greisen was released in August. McCown made his NFL debut on December 1 against the Kansas City Chiefs, relieving starter Jake Plummer late in the third quarter of an eventual 49–0 loss. McCown played in 2 games in 2002, completing 7 of 18 passes for 66 yards with 2 interceptions. He also rushed once for 20 yards.

2003
In 2003, McCown was the backup to Jeff Blake for the first 13 games of the season. On September 14 against the Seattle Seahawks, McCown completed 18 of 32 passes for 150 yards with 2 interceptions after relieving the injured Blake late in the first quarter of an eventual 38–0 loss. Prior to the game against the San Francisco 49ers on December 7, the Cardinals reportedly would play both starter Blake and McCown in the game. Blake played the first half, completing 8 of 20 passes for 59 yards and 1 interception. McCown then played the second half, completing 11 of 20 passes for 120 yards and 2 touchdowns as the Cardinals lost by a score of 50–14. McCown was then promoted to starter and started the final three games of the season. Head coach Dave McGinnis stated, "Josh is the right decision professionally for our organization," and "Some quality time is what he needs against good teams ... and it's important to find out what we have there." In the final game of the season on December 28 against the Minnesota Vikings, McCown threw a game-winning 28-yard touchdown pass to wide receiver Nate Poole as time expired to beat the Vikings by a score of 18–17. The Vikings would have made the playoffs if they had won the game, but the Green Bay Packers made the playoffs in their place. The Packers also invited McCown and Poole to attend their first playoff game. While McCown declined the invitation due to the birth of his third child, Poole attended the game and was presented with a key to the city. McCown played in 8 games, with 3 starts, in 2003 and completed 95 of 166 passes for 1,018 yards and five touchdowns with six interceptions. He also rushed for a career-high 158 yards and a touchdown on 28 carries.

2004
On February 4, 2004, new head coach Dennis Green named McCown the team's starter for the 2004 season. McCown started the first nine games of the season for the Cardinals, leading the team to a 4–5 record. Against the Atlanta Falcons on September 26, he completed 20 of 26 passes for a then career-high completion percentage of 76.9 percent. However, he also lost three fumbles and was benched in favor of Shaun King in the fourth quarter as the Cardinals lost by a score of 6–3. McCown threw for a then career-high three touchdowns on October 10 against the 49ers. During McCown's ninth consecutive start on November 14 against the New York Giants, he completed 12 of 24 passes for only 90 yards, though the Cardinals won the game by a score of 17–14. McCown was then benched, with King replacing him as the team's starting quarterback. King then started the next two games for the Cardinals while McCown was second-string. After King's two starts, he was benched in favor of John Navarre. Navarre then started one game for the team, during which McCown was second-string and King was third-string. After Navarre's one start, he was benched in favor of McCown, who then started the final four games of the season. McCown threw for 307 yards against the 49ers on December 12, which was his first career 300-yard game. He also threw three touchdowns against the Seattle Seahawks on December 26, his second three-passing-touchdown game of the year. McCown played in 14 games, starting 13, in 2004 and completed 233 of 408 passes for 2,511 yards and 11 touchdowns with 10 interceptions. He also rushed for 112 yards and 2 touchdowns on 36 carries. The Cardinals finished the year third in the NFC West with a 6–10 record and were 6–7 in games that McCown started.

2005
In March 2005, the Cardinals signed quarterback Kurt Warner. Later the same month, McCown also signed a one-year contract extension with the team. In May 2005, coach Green officially named Warner the team's starter and McCown the second-stringer for the 2005 season. Warner started the first three games of the season. In the third game against the Seattle Seahawks on September 25, 2005, Warner suffered an injury late in the second quarter and was relieved by McCown. McCown then started the next four games for the Cardinals. During the first game of that stretch, he started for the Cardinals at the first NFL regular season game outside the United States, played at Estadio Azteca on October 2, 2005, against the 49ers. He completed 32 of 46 passes for a then-career high 385 yards and 2 touchdowns as the Cardinals won by a score of 31–14. The game in Mexico City had an attendance of 103,467, setting a record for the largest attendance for a regular-season game in NFL history. The record has since been broken, but is still second place all-time. McCown's next start was against the Carolina Panthers on October 9, in which he completed 29 of 36 passes for a new career-high of 398 yards with 2 touchdowns and 3 interceptions as the Cardinals lost by a score of 24–20. His two 300-yard games were two of the four highest passing totals of any player during the 2005 season. McCown also became the first Cardinals quarterback to throw for 350 yards in back-to-back games. Warner then returned from injury, but was McCown's backup for the next two games. McCown played poorly, though, and Warner was promoted to starter again. Warner then started the next seven games. In Warner's seventh start back against the Houston Texans on December 18, he suffered an injury early in the first quarter and stayed in the game for two more series before being relieved by McCown. However, McCown also ended up leaving the game with flu-like symptoms at halftime and was replaced by Navarre. McCown then started the final two games of the season. He played in 9 games, starting 6, in 2005 and completed 163 of 279 passes for 1,836 and 9 touchdowns with 11 interceptions. He also rushed 29 times for 139 yards. The Cardinals finished the year third in the NFC West with a 5–11 record and were 3–3 in games that McCown started. The Cardinals also led the league in passing offense in 2005 with 4,437 yards, with Warner throwing for 2,713 yards, McCown throwing for 1,836 yards and Navarre throwing for 174 yards.

McCown became a free agent after the 2005 season. He played in 33 games, starting 22, during his tenure with the team, and completed 498 of 862 passes for 5,431 yards and 25 touchdowns with 29 interceptions. He also rushed 94 times for 429 yards and 3 touchdowns. The Cardinals were 10–12 in games that McCown started.

Detroit Lions
In March 2006, McCown signed a two-year contract worth $6 million with the Detroit Lions, believing he would have the chance to start. In July, however, Jon Kitna was named the starter entering training camp, and McCown was named the backup. McCown was Kitna's backup for all 16 games in 2006. During the season, McCown began running wide receiver routes during practice and became skilled at it. He lined up at wide receiver for one play against the Cardinals on November 19. He saw extended time at wide receiver during the game against the New England Patriots on December 3. McCown was inserted into the game as the third wide receiver and was targeted twice, catching both passes for a total of 15 yards. He also had a 31-yard reception, but it was brought back after McCown was called for offensive pass interference. In reference to playing wide receiver, McCown later said, "It was a surreal moment and it changed my whole perception and respect for receivers."

After the 2006 season, McCown asked to be traded. His agent, Michael McCartney, said, "Josh sees himself as a starting quarterback, and I agree with him." On April 28, 2007, the Lions selected quarterback Drew Stanton in the 2007 NFL draft. Later the same day, McCown and wide receiver Mike Williams were traded to the Oakland Raiders in exchange for a 2007 fourth-round draft pick, which the Lions used to select cornerback A. J. Davis.

Oakland Raiders
McCown was involved in a quarterback competition with Daunte Culpepper and Andrew Walter to see who would be the Raiders' starter for the 2007 season. On August 27, head coach Lane Kiffin narrowed the choices down to McCown or Culpepper. On September 5, a day after Kiffin had informed the quarterbacks, Kiffin privately informed the team that McCown would be the starter. However, he did not publicly name the starter until the day of the Week 1 game against the Lions on September 9, explaining, "It's simply a matter of always trying to gain a competitive advantage."

In Week 1, McCown threw for 313 yards with 2 touchdowns and 2 interceptions in a 36–21 loss. He also fumbled late in the game to end the Raiders' attempt at a comeback. McCown sprained his right foot in the first half of the Lions game and injured his right index finger on the final play of the game. By game time of the Week 2 contest against the Denver Broncos, even though McCown was still nursing the finger injury, Kiffin felt McCown's foot had healed enough for him to play. McCown started the game, throwing for 73 yards, 1 touchdown, and 3 interceptions. McCown then started the next game against the Miami Dolphins, but after suffering a left foot injury, he was relieved by Culpepper to start the second half. Culpepper then started the team's next four games in place of McCown. During the fourth game of that stretch against the Tennessee Titans, even though he was not 100% healed, McCown served as Culpepper's backup. A few days after the Titans game, McCown was named the starter, with Kiffin stating, "I felt Daunte played really well for us, but with Josh coming back and looking healthy again, we're going to go back to Josh." McCown then started the next two games. Due to McCown's poor play, however, Culpepper was named the starter for the following game against the Vikings. McCown also had a bruised thigh at the time of his benching, but that reportedly may not have been a major factor in the decision to start Culpepper, with Kiffin stating, "I felt it was time to go with Daunte and see if he can give us a little spark," and "It's nothing against Josh." McCown ended up being inactive for the Vikings game due to his injury. Culpepper then started the next game against the Chiefs, but suffered a sore quadriceps during the game that intensified later in the week. Due to his injury, Culpepper did not play in another game that season. McCown started the next game against the Broncos. During the game, McCown threw for 141 yards, 3 touchdowns, no interceptions, and a then career-high 125.2 passer rating as the Raiders beat the Broncos by a score of 34–20. McCown then started the next three games, but number-one overall draft pick JaMarcus Russell played the majority of McCown's third start. Russell also started the final game of the season.

McCown played in 9 games, all starts, in 2007, and completed 111 of 190 passes for 1,151 yards and 10 touchdowns with 11 interceptions, while also rushing for 143 yards. The Raiders finished the year with a 4–12 record and were 2–7 in games that McCown started. In 2007, he was the final winner of the NFL Quarterback Challenge. He became a free agent on February 29, 2008.

Miami Dolphins
On February 29, 2008, McCown signed a two-year contract worth $6.25 million with the Dolphins. A chance to compete for the starting job factored into his decision to sign with Miami. Prior to training camp in July, McCown needed six stitches in his throwing hand's index finger. He was holding firewood and his brother Luke accidentally grazed Josh's finger with a chainsaw.

On August 4, 2008, the Dolphins released their first depth chart of the season and had McCown listed as the starter over John Beck and Chad Henne. However, head coach Tony Sparano said that Beck and Henne had not been ruled out as potential starters for the team's first preseason game on August 9. Free agent quarterback Chad Pennington signed with the Dolphins on August 8 and was expected to be the team's starter. McCown played in the team's first preseason game on August 9 but not until the fourth quarter of the contest. He then failed to appear in the team's final three preseason games. Pennington was officially named the team's starter on August 25, before the team's last preseason game on August 28. Before the start of the regular season, McCown was traded to the Panthers on August 29.

Carolina Panthers
On August 29, 2008, the Panthers acquired McCown from the Dolphins for a seventh-round pick (#237 overall) in the 2009 NFL draft. The move came a day after Panthers quarterback Matt Moore suffered a leg injury. However, general manager Marty Hurney said that the trade for McCown was not in response to Moore's injury, with Hurney stating, "Josh is a guy that we've liked for the last several years when he was in unrestricted free agency." McCown was the backup to Jake Delhomme for all 16 games in 2008. He was also the backup for the team's National Football Conference (NFC) Divisional Round loss to the Cardinals. He played in two games in 2008. He relieved Delhomme late in the fourth quarter of a 24–9 win against the Falcons, but the only statistics he recorded were three end-of-game kneeldowns. He also relieved Delhomme early in the fourth quarter of a 34–0 win against the Chiefs, but he only recorded one end-of-game kneeldown.

McCown beat out Moore for the primary backup quarterback job in 2009. In Week 1 against the Philadelphia Eagles on September 13, McCown entered the game late in the third quarter in relief of Delhomme, who had committed five turnovers. McCown completed 1 of 6 passes for 2 yards before spraining both his left knee and left foot on the same play early in the fourth quarter. McCown was then relieved by Moore as the Panthers lost to the Eagles by a score of 38–10. McCown was placed on injured reserve on September 14, ending his season. He became a free agent in March 2010.

Hartford Colonials
McCown was signed by the Hartford Colonials of the United Football League (UFL) on August 3, 2010. He received an offer from the Chicago Bears shortly after signing with the Colonials, but decided to stay with the Colonials due to wanting to honor his contract and to receive more playing time. Regarding honoring his contract, McCown later said, "It just didn't sit well with me" and that he felt it would be a bad example to his kids to say, "Give your word to somebody until something better comes along and then break that." In 2011, McCown said, "I think I'm further along now than I would have been if I would have just sat on an (NFL) roster last year and been a backup because I played eight games," and "I think you're only getting better when you're taking reps, so I really valued that." McCown threw for 265 yards and 3 touchdowns in the season-opening 27–10 victory over the Sacramento Mountain Lions. He was named the Offensive Player of the Week for Week 1. In Week 2, he completed 22 of 25 passes for 264 yards and 2 touchdowns. In Week 4, he threw for 223 yards, with 1 touchdown and 1 interception. McCown passed for 1,463 yards and 10 touchdowns with 8 interceptions in 8 games during the 2010 season. His 79.3 passer rating was the highest in the UFL in 2010. The Colonials finished the year with a 3–5 record. He was a team captain while with the Colonials.

San Francisco 49ers
On August 17, 2011, McCown signed a one-year contract for the minimum of $810,000 with the 49ers. He was expected to be the team's third-string quarterback behind starter Alex Smith and rookie Colin Kaepernick but was released by the 49ers on September 3, 2011.

2011
On November 23, 2011, McCown signed with the Bears, as a backup to Caleb Hanie, after an injury to starting quarterback Jay Cutler. On December 18, 2011, McCown came in for Hanie with five minutes left in the fourth quarter of a 38–14 loss to the Seahawks at Soldier Field. McCown threw twice, one for a 12-yard gain, and the other was intercepted. On December 21, 2011, the Bears announced that McCown would start on the Christmas Day game against the defending champion Packers, due to Hanie's struggles since taking over for the injured Cutler. McCown completed 19 of 28 passes for 242 yards with a touchdown and 2 interceptions in the 35–21 loss. In Week 17 against the Vikings, McCown completed 15 of 20 passes for 160 yards, 1 touchdown and 1 interception for a 75.4 passer rating, but was sacked seven times. The Bears won 17–13.

2012
On March 14, 2012, McCown was signed to a one-year deal by the Bears, and was reassigned a new number from 15 to 12 after Brandon Marshall joined the team before McCown signed. On August 31, McCown was waived by the team. On November 12, McCown was again re-signed by the Bears after starting quarterback Cutler sustained a concussion. McCown then was Jason Campbell's backup for the game against the 49ers on November 19. Cutler then returned from injury and McCown was inactive as the third-string quarterback for the final six games of the season.

2013
Despite becoming an unrestricted free agent in 2013, on March 29, McCown signed a one-year deal with the Bears. In Week 7 against the Washington Redskins, McCown entered the game in the second quarter after Cutler suffered a groin injury. McCown completed 14 of 20 passes for 204 yards and a touchdown to Martellus Bennett, but the Bears lost 45–41. On November 4, McCown, starting in place of the injured Cutler, led the Bears to a victory over the rival Packers on Monday Night Football. McCown threw for 272 yards and two touchdowns en route to a 27–20 victory. Cutler started the Week 10 game against the Detroit Lions and suffered an ankle injury in the second quarter but stayed in the game. However, with Cutler's ankle potentially limiting his mobility for the two-minute drill, he was replaced by McCown for the final drive. McCown then guided the Bears to a 74-yard touchdown drive, completing 6 of 9 passes for 62 yards and an 11-yard touchdown to Brandon Marshall. However, the Bears lost 21–19. McCown started his second game against the Ravens, completing 19 of 31 passes for 216 yards with 1 touchdown and a 92.9 passer rating in a 23–20 victory, In the last four games, McCown had thrown for 754 yards, 5 touchdowns, no interceptions and a 100.0 passer rating. McCown started Week 12 against the St. Louis Rams and completed a franchise-record 36 passes for 352 yards, 2 touchdowns and an interception. The next week against the Vikings, McCown threw for a season-high 355 yards, completing 23 of 36 passes for 2 touchdowns and a 114.9 rating. In Week 14 against the Cowboys, McCown threw for a career-high 4 touchdowns and ran for another while completing 27 of 36 passes for 348 yards and a career-high 141.9 passer rating en route to a 45–28 victory. McCown became the first Bears quarterback to score five touchdowns in a game since Jack Concannon in 1970. McCown was named NFC Offensive Player of the Week. He was also the first Bears quarterback to throw for 300 yards in three straight games. Cutler then returned from injury to start the final three games of the season.

McCown ended the 2013 season completing 66.5 percent of his passes for 1,829 yards with 13 touchdowns, 1 interception, and a 109.0 passer rating, the third-highest behind Peyton Manning and Nick Foles and the best in Bears history. He also had the NFL's lowest interception percentage at 0.4%. The combination of McCown and Cutler set Bears records with 32 touchdown passes, 4,450 yards, a 64.4 completion percentage and a 96.9 passer rating. The Bears finished the season with an 8–8 record and were 3–2 in games that McCown started. On January 24, 2014, McCown was named to the USA Today All-Joe Team. He was awarded the Brian Piccolo Award by the Bears in May 2014.

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
On March 12, 2014, McCown signed a two-year, $10 million contract with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Another $5 million was available based on playoff appearances and playing time. He was immediately named the starter by new Buccaneers head coach and his former head coach in Chicago, Lovie Smith. In Week 3 against the Falcons, he suffered a thumb injury late in the second quarter and was replaced by Mike Glennon. Glennon took over as the starter in Week 4, leading the Buccaneers to a 27–24 win over the Pittsburgh Steelers but lost the next four games. McCown then returned from injury and started the final eight games of the season. He threw for 2,206 yards, 11 touchdowns, and 14 interceptions while also rushing for 127 yards and 3 touchdowns in 11 games, all starts, during the 2014 season. The Buccaneers finished the year with a 2–14 record and were 1–10 in games that McCown started. McCown was a team captain while with the Buccaneers. On February 11, 2015, after underperforming, he was released after just one season with the Buccaneers.

2015
On February 27, 2015, McCown signed a three-year contract worth $14 million with the Cleveland Browns. In May 2015, head coach Mike Pettine said that McCown was No. 1 on the depth chart at quarterback.

McCown started the Week 1 game against the New York Jets. At the end of his first drive, he made a 13-yard run and tried to jump into the endzone, but he fumbled inches away from the goal line and was taken out of the game due to a concussion. McCown returned from his injury in a Week 3 game against the Raiders on September 27, where he threw for 341 yards, 2 touchdowns, and 1 interception as the Browns lost by a score of 27–20. His brother Luke also started for the New Orleans Saints the same day, marking the first time both McCown brothers had started on the same day since December 9, 2007. Josh then threw for 356 yards and 2 touchdowns against the San Diego Chargers but the Browns lost by a score of 30–27. In a 33–30 overtime victory over the Baltimore Ravens in Week 5, he set a new career high and the Browns record for passing yards in a regular season game with 457 as the Browns moved to 2–3 while McCown was named the American Football Conference (AFC) Offensive Player of the Week. This was the Browns' first victory in Baltimore since the 2007 season. McCown also became the first player in NFL history to record more than 450 passing yards, 2 passing touchdowns, a rushing touchdown, and no interceptions in one game. He was also the first player in Browns history to pass for more than 300 yards in three straight games and his 1,154 yards set a record for most in a three-game span in franchise history, surpassing the former record of 1,038 set by Brian Sipe in 1980. The jerseys that McCown and teammate Gary Barnidge wore during the Week 5 Ravens game were sent to, and displayed, at the Pro Football Hall of Fame. McCown then started the next three games of the season. During the second game of that stretch against the Rams, McCown hurt his ribs on a hard hit but stayed in the game for three more plays before suffering a shoulder injury and leaving the game with 5:17 left in the fourth quarter. On October 30, prior to the game against the Cardinals on November 1, McCown was listed as questionable with shoulder and rib injuries. He ended up starting the game, passing for 211 yards and a season-high 3 touchdowns, which all came in the first half, as the Browns lost by a score of 34–20. McCown also took several hard hits early in the third quarter, exacerbating his rib injury from the previous week. However, he stayed in the game until leaving late in the fourth quarter. Due to McCown's injury, Johnny Manziel started the next two games. On November 17, Manziel, coming off a 372-yard performance against the Steelers, was named the starter for the rest of the season, but McCown was promoted to starter again after a video surfaced online of Manziel partying. In the ensuing Week 12 rematch against the Ravens on December 1, McCown broke his collarbone late in the third quarter and stayed in for two plays before leaving the game. On December 2, it was announced that McCown would miss the rest of the season with the injury. He was placed on injured reserve the same day. He threw for 2,109 yards, 12 touchdowns, and 4 interceptions while also rushing for 98 yards and 1 touchdown in 8 games during the 2015 season. The Browns finished the year with a 3–13 record and were 1–7 in games that McCown started, despite him posting a passer rating of 93.3 on the season. He was the Browns nominee for the Art Rooney Sportsmanship Award in 2015. The local chapter of the Pro Football Writers of America named McCown its Dino Lucarelli Good Guy Award winner.

2016

Robert Griffin III signed with the Browns in March 2016 and was widely expected to be the team's starter. On August 8, 2016, head coach Hue Jackson officially named Griffin the starter for the 2016 season.

A day after the Browns' Week 1 game, the team announced that Griffin would miss at least eight games due to an injury he suffered during the contest. McCown then started the Week 2 game against the Ravens, throwing for 260 yards and 2 touchdowns with 2 interceptions in the 25–20 loss. McCown also fractured his left collarbone in the Ravens game but played through the entire game. He returned from his injury on October 30, throwing for 341 yards and 2 touchdowns with 2 interceptions as the Browns lost 31–28 to the Jets. He threw for 228 yards in the first half, which was the most by a Browns quarterback in the first half since 1986. On November 1, McCown and Cody Kessler, who had started in place of McCown and was returning from injury, were listed as co-starters on the Browns unofficial depth chart. On November 4, Kessler was named the Browns' starter for the next game, with Jackson saying "I need to know" if he's the Browns quarterback of the future. On November 10 against the Ravens, McCown threw for 59 yards with no touchdowns and 2 interceptions after entering the game early in the third quarter due to Kessler being benched. On November 20 against the Steelers, he threw for 188 yards and 1 touchdown in relief of an injured Kessler. On November 27 against the Giants, he started due to Kessler's injury and threw for 322 yards and 1 touchdown. Griffin then returned from his injury to start the final four games of the season while McCown was inactive as the third-string quarterback for the final four games. McCown played in 5 games, starting 3, during the 2016 season and completed 90 of 165 passes for 1,100 yards with 6 touchdowns and 6 interceptions. On February 7, 2017, McCown was released by the Browns.

2017
On March 20, 2017, McCown signed a one-year, $6 million contract with the Jets. On August 28, 2017, after battling Christian Hackenberg and Bryce Petty, McCown was named the starting quarterback to begin the 2017 season. McCown won three straight starts from Week 3 to Week 5; the first time in McCown's NFL career that he won three straight starts. During Week 7 against the Dolphins, he threw for 209 yards, 3 touchdowns, and 1 interception as the Jets lost by a score of 31–28. He also scored a rushing touchdown, becoming the first Jets quarterback since Al Dorow in 1960 to score three passing touchdowns and one rushing touchdown in a game. He threw nine touchdowns from Week 5 to Week 8, becoming the first Jets quarterback since Ray Lucas in 1999 to throw multiple touchdowns in four straight games. During Week 10, he became the oldest quarterback in NFL history to set a career-high for touchdown passes in a season with his 14th touchdown pass. During Week 13 against the Chiefs, McCown threw for 331 yards and a touchdown while also rushing for 2 touchdowns as the Jets won by a score of 38–31. He joined Doug Flutie and Jim Thorpe as the only players in NFL history to rush for at least two touchdowns in a game at the age of 38 or older. McCown was named the AFC Offensive Player of the Week for Week 13. During Week 14 against the Broncos, McCown threw for 46 yards while also turning the ball over twice on an interception and a fumble before leaving the game late in the third quarter after an apparent hand injury as the Jets lost by a score of 23–0. Shortly after the game, it was revealed that McCown had suffered a broken left hand. The next day, head coach Todd Bowles announced that McCown would undergo surgery on his left hand, putting him out for the remainder of the 2017 season. He was placed on injured reserve on December 12. McCown played in 13 games, all starts, in 2017 and completed 267 of 397 passes for 2,926 yards, 18 touchdowns and 9 interceptions while also rushing for 124 yards and 5 touchdowns. His completions, passing yards, passing touchdowns and rushing touchdowns were all single-season career highs. He also had a career-high 67.3 completion percentage. He had a 5–8 record as the starter in 2017. He was named the Curtis Martin Jets Team MVP and the Kyle Clifton "Good Guy" Award winner.

2018
On March 13, 2018, McCown signed a one-year, $10 million contract to remain with the Jets. During training camp and the subsequent preseason, McCown competed with Teddy Bridgewater and rookie Sam Darnold for the starting job. Eventually, Darnold was named the team's starter after Bridgewater was traded to the Saints, solidifying McCown's role as the primary backup going into the 2018 season. With Darnold inactive due to a right foot injury, McCown started in Week 10 against the Buffalo Bills, where he finished with 135 passing yards and two interceptions as the Jets lost 41–10. Following a bye week, the Jets played against the Patriots in Week 12, where McCown finished with 276 passing yards, a touchdown, and an interception as the Jets lost 27–13. During Week 13 against the Titans, McCown finished with 128 passing yards and an interception as the Jets lost 26–22. Darnold returned from his injury and started the remainder of the 2018 season for the Jets. McCown played in 4 games, with 3 starts, in 2018 and completed 60 of 110 passes for 539 yards, 1 touchdown and 4 interceptions.

Philadelphia Eagles
On June 17, 2019, McCown announced his retirement from the NFL in a letter to The Players' Tribune. That same day, it was also announced that ESPN had hired McCown as an NFL analyst.

However, on August 17, 2019, McCown signed with the Eagles following injuries to the team's backup quarterbacks, Nate Sudfeld and Cody Kessler. In Week 2 against the Falcons, McCown briefly came into the game to relieve an injured Carson Wentz for a few plays. In Week 14, against the Giants, McCown almost entered the game as a wide receiver due to injuries among the Eagles' receiver corps. McCown mentored Wentz, and several wide receivers on the practice squad, as the Eagles won four straight games to win the division title and reach the playoffs after a 5–7 start marred by numerous injuries.

In the Wild Card Round of the 2019–20 NFL playoffs, McCown entered the game in the first quarter in relief of an injured Wentz, who suffered a helmet-to-helmet collision with the Seahawks' Jadeveon Clowney. McCown became the oldest quarterback to make his postseason debut, passing Vince Evans, whose postseason debut was at 35 years and 220 days old. McCown completed his first-ever playoff pass at the age of 40, the first player to do so since Sonny Jurgensen in 1974. McCown completed 18 of 24 passes for 174 yards with no touchdowns nor turnovers and a passer rating of 94.8, while rushing 6 times for 23 yards and being sacked 6 times, leading the Eagles to three field goals in a 17–9 loss to the visiting Seahawks. He later revealed during an interview that he tore his hamstring off of the bone in the second quarter, but continued to play.

Following the playoff loss, the Eagles offered McCown a role on the team's coaching staff for the 2020 season, but he declined, as he was still interested in continuing his playing career. On September 6, 2020, the Eagles signed McCown to their practice squad to serve as an emergency quarterback, making him the oldest practice squad player in NFL history.

Houston Texans
On November 7, 2020, McCown was signed by the Texans off the Eagles' practice squad. He served as the third-string quarterback behind starter Deshaun Watson and backup A. J. McCarron during the 2020 season. He was released on March 1, 2021.

McCown played in 102 regular season games, starting 76, during his NFL career, completing 60.2 percent of his passes for 17,731 yards, 98 touchdowns, and 82 interceptions while also rushing for 1,106 yards and 13 touchdowns. He had a record of 23 wins and 53 losses as a starter.

Regular season
Source:

Playoffs
Source:

UFL
Source:

Early career
McCown previously spent time as a volunteer quarterbacks coach for the Marvin Ridge High School Mavericks of Waxhaw, North Carolina. The team's head coach said "He just walked into my office one day and asked if he could help out." In 2010, prior to signing with the Colonials, McCown began helping the Mavericks during the offseason. After the 2010 UFL season ended, McCown spent another offseason volunteering with the Mavericks. He then left the school upon being signed by the 49ers in August 2011 but returned once the 49ers released him in September 2011. Several days after Marvin Ridge lost its playoff game in November 2011, McCown was signed by the Bears. McCown was released by the Bears in August 2012 and immediately upon arriving home at the airport, McCown went straight to a Marvin Ridge game and joined the team while the game was in progress. Similarly, days after Marvin Ridge lost its playoff game in November 2012, McCown was again signed by the Bears. McCown also spent time as the scout team quarterback while at Marvin Ridge, with one player saying "I don't think anybody in the country had a better scout-team quarterback." McCown also cooked pancakes for the Fellowship of Christian Athletes breakfasts on Fridays and spent time teaching physical education classes at Marvin Ridge.

McCown also served as an assistant coach at Myers Park High School in Charlotte, North Carolina, where his sons Owen and Aiden played. With his 2019 return to the NFL, the Eagles allowed him to fly to Charlotte on Mondays for high school practice and game planning, and then again on Fridays for game days. In 2020, McCown moved to Rusk, Texas and began serving as an assistant coach at Rusk High School, where Owen and Aiden now played.

McCown, while still a player for the Texans, interviewed for the team's head coach position in January 2021. He interviewed for the Texans' head coach position again in January 2022.

Carolina Panthers
On February 10, 2023, McCown was hired by the Panthers as their quarterbacks coach under head coach Frank Reich. On November 27, 2023, McCown was fired by the Panthers, alongside Reich and assistant head coach Duce Staley, after a 1–10 start to the season.

Minnesota Vikings
On February 27, 2024, McCown was hired to be the quarterbacks coach of the Vikings under head coach Kevin O'Connell.

Personal life
During the 2017 offseason, McCown, his wife Natalie, and their four children moved from Waxhaw, North Carolina to Waxahachie, Texas. McCown later moved to Charlotte in 2018, and to Rusk, Texas in 2020. He is a Christian. He grew up a Dallas Cowboys fan. His inspiration for wearing No. 12, the jersey number that he wore the majority of his career, comes from Roger Staubach, who also wore No. 12. He was also a fan of Cowboys players Michael Irvin, Emmitt Smith, and Troy Aikman, as well as quarterbacks Joe Montana, John Elway, and Randall Cunningham.

McCown is the older brother of former NFL quarterback Luke McCown and younger brother of former Texas A&M quarterback Randy McCown. In 2003, the McCown brothers hosted the first-ever McCown Passing Camp in their hometown of Jacksonville, Texas. He is also the father of UTSA Roadrunners quarterback Owen McCown.

McCown is a member of the Fellowship of Christian Athletes. He has served in Pro Athletes Outreach and Coaches Time Out, which are both ministries. He has also spent time speaking to church youth and men's groups during the offseason.

title: Josh McCown


text:
S. C. Jamir

Senayangba Chubatoshi Jamir (born 17 October 1931 ) is an Indian politician and former Governor of Odisha. He was Parliamentary Secretary to Jawaharlal Nehru and Deputy Minister under Indira Gandhi. He has served as the Chief Minister of Nagaland, Governor of Maharashtra, Governor of Gujarat & Governor of Goa. He was awarded the third-highest Civilian Award in India, Padma Bhusan in 2020 for his work in public affairs.

Early life
Chubatoshi Jamir was born on 17 October 1931 to Senayangba Jamir and Takatula of Ungma Village. Jamir is the grandson of Jungshinokdang, who in the late 19th century, had the providential opportunity to meet the American Christian Missionary Rev. Edwin W. Clark and was instrumental in bringing Christianity to Nagaland. He did his early education in Mokokchung, at Kolkata's Scottish Church College for his intermediate in arts, and higher studies at Allahabad University from where he subsequently obtained his B.A. and LL.B. degrees.

Political career
Jamir was a member of the negotiation body that held talks with Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru in 1960 leading to the establishment of Nagaland as a state within India. He was one of the signatories of the 16th Point Agreement which brought about the creation of Nagaland state and is today considered as one of the architects of modern Nagaland.

Member of Parliament
Jamir was nominated as the first Lok Sabha Member from the state of Nagaland in year 1961. From 1961 to 1970, he has served as Member of Parliament and during this period he has also served as the Union Deputy Minister of Railways, Labour & Rehabilitation, from 1968 to 1970, served as the Union Deputy Minister of Community Development & Cooperation, Food and Agriculture. He was appointed the Parliamentary Secretary to Jawaharlal Nehru, then Prime Minister who was also in charge of the Ministry of External Affairs. He was a member of UN delegation in 1962.

Having won the previous terms as Member of Parliament uncontested, Jamir faced the electorate in the 1971 Indian general election pitted against Kevichüsa Angami from the newly formed United Front of Nagaland. Jamir was nominated as the candidate of the Naga Nationalist Organisation. In addition to the pledge towards effective measures for the early implementation of unimplemented clauses of the 16 point agreement, the party manifesto said,"...the Naga problem was essentially a political one and a satisfactory settlement acceptable to all sections of Naga people and the Union Government was the only solution. The underground Nagas were an inalienable part of Naga society and they should be associated in the final settlement of the Naga political problem."The incumbent Deputy Minister of Labour in the Indira Gandhi government was easily defeated by Kevichüsa. In response to his defeat by a novice in electoral politics, Jamir said, "The real cause for this election debacle was the activities of the army in the state and the tantalising offer made by the Opposition candidate to bring independence to Nagaland within a six-month period together with non-compliance of the Government of India with some of the legitimate demands of the ruling party in the State such as vesting the State Government with responsibility of law and order, refusal to give the State a separate Governor, non-integration of continuous Naga areas with Nagaland as demanded by State Government and lack of progress in respect of establishing permanent peace. The seductive calmness that has descended over our state is misleading. Peace hangs by a fragile thread."

Nagaland State Legislature
In October 1972, Jamir was arrested along with former Nagaland Chief Minister T. N. Angami, and others on the charges of complicity in the assassination attempt on Hokishe Sema in August. The incumbent Chief Minister Hokishe Sema refused to set up an enquiry committee to investigate the details that led to the arrest. Jamir along with others were released when the police could not find sufficient evidence to press charges. Jamir alleged that the confessional statement that led to his arrest was "prepared" by some interested officials "to meet their selfish end."

Jamir served as Chief Minister of Nagaland five times (1980, 1982–1986, 1989–90 and 1993–2003). For his first two terms he was a member of the Progressive United Democratic Front, but by 1989 his party merged with the Indian National Congress. He was a member of the Rajya Sabha from Nagaland for the term 1987–1992, but resigned in 1989.

During the 1991 Indian general election, Jamir directly blamed the incumbent Nagaland Chief Minister Vamüzo Phesao for the ban imposed on National Socialist Council of Nagaland (NSCN) suggesting that it could not have been promulgated without the consultation of the state government. The central government headed by Vishwanath Pratap Singh had outlawed the NSCN along with United Liberation Front of Asom on 28 November 1990. Vamüzo denied that he was ever consulted on the matter. On another occasion, Jamir reteriated that the Naga political problem needed all sections of the Naga people to come together for a durable solution. "No solution was possible through a piecemeal approach," he added.

Two men shot at Jamir in Nagaland House, Delhi on 19 November 1992. Five empty shells were recovered from the spot. He was rushed to the All India Institutes of Medical Sciences where he was admitted into the intensive care unit. This was the third attempt at his life within a year. Several students from Northeast India studying in Delhi were harassed by the police thereafter in the course of the investigation. Students from the Tangkhul Naga community were singled out for special attention. At a press conference, representatives from the Naga People's Movement for Human Rights and the People's Union for Democratic Rights alleged that the police harassing students, ordering them to report at the police station, detaining them, searching their rooms, and confiscating their belonging. Hence, some of the students had returned home while the landlords of others were asking them to leave.

In 1997, during an interview to Nirmaiya Banerjee of the Times of India, Jamir asserted that peace talks with Naga underground groups would be successful only if the Central Government negotiates with all groups. He said,"Those who understand the reality of the situation in Nagaland will understand that [only] talking to the Isak-Muivah faction of the National Socialist Council of Nagaland will not help. All groups must be invited."In his opinion, all Naga tribes residing in Nagaland must have a say irrespective of their population. Discussions between different sections of the Naga society should be encouraged.

Governor
Jamir served as Governor of Goa from July 2004 to July 2008. Following the resignation of Maharashtra Governor S. M. Krishna, on 6 March 2008, President Pratibha Patil asked Jamir to temporarily take the additional charge of Maharashtra. Jamir was formally appointed Governor of Maharashtra on 8 July 2008, while Shivinder Singh Sidhu was appointed to succeed him in Goa. Jamir was sworn in as Governor of Maharashtra on 19 July 2008. In July 2009 he took additional charge of Gujarat state during the medical absence and subsequent death of Governor-designate Devendra Nath Dwivedi. On 9 March 2013, he was appointed Governor of Odisha.

Nagaland lottery scam
During his tenure as Chief Minister, The Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) unearthed a major financial scandal in the Nagaland state lottery amounting to Rs 38,297 crore. The entire scam took place between October 1993 and November 1997. Jamir denied his government's involvement in the financial scandal but the special audit by the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), ordered by the Union Home Ministry, indicted both the Nagaland Government and the state's sole distributor of tickets, M.S Associates, for defrauding the public as well as the exchequer of the amount in July 1999. This case continues to be pending in the court till date.

Personal life
Jamir married Imkonglemla, daughter of Senkalemba in 1958 and they have five children. His younger daughter died in 1996, while his mother died in 2016, at the age of 101. He was conferred an honorary doctorate from the University of Cambodia in 2017. In year 2020, Mr Jamir was conferred with the third highest civilian award--Padma Bhushan—in the field of public affairs on the occasion of 71st Republic day.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: S. C. Jamir


text:
Anna Tyszkiewicz

Anna Tyszkiewicz (1779–1867) was a Polish noblewoman and diarist.

Anna was the daughter of Ludwik Tyszkiewicz and Konstancja Poniatowska, and married Aleksander Stanisław Potocki on 15 May 1805 in Wilno, divorced him in 1821 and remarried Stanisław Dunin-Wąsowicz. Her diary was written between the years 1794 and 1820, and are regarded as an important historical source. It was published in 1897–98.

title: Anna Tyszkiewicz


text: User talk:64.108.223.70

title: User talk:64.108.223.70


text:
Bloody Code

The "Bloody Code" was a series of laws in England, Wales and Ireland in the 18th and early 19th centuries which mandated the death penalty for a wide range of crimes. It was not referred to by this name in its own time; the name was given later owing to the sharply increased number of people given the death penalty, even for crimes considered minor by 21st century standards.

In 1689, there were 50 capital offences in England and Wales; this increased to 220 by the end of the 18th century. This period saw the introduction of new laws focused on property defence, which some viewed as class suppression. As convictions for capital crimes increased, penal transportation with indentured servitude became a more common punishment. In 1785, Australia was deemed suitable for transporting convicts, and over one-third of all criminals convicted between 1788 and 1867 were sent there. The Bloody Code listed 21 categories of capital crimes in the 18th century. By 1823, the Judgment of Death Act made the death penalty discretionary for most crimes, and by 1861, the number of capital offences had been reduced to five. The last execution in the United Kingdom took place in 1964, and the death penalty was abolished for various crimes in the following years.

History
In 1689 there were 50 offences on the statute book punishable by death in England and Wales, but that number had almost quadrupled by 1776, and it reached 220 by the end of the century. Most of the new laws introduced during that period were concerned with the defence of property, which some commentators have interpreted as a form of class suppression of the poor by the rich. George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, expressed a contemporary view when he said that "Men are not hanged for stealing horses, but that horses may not be stolen." Grand larceny was one of the crimes that drew the death penalty; it was defined as the theft of goods worth more than 12 pence, about one-twentieth of the weekly wage for a skilled worker at the time. As the 18th century proceeded, jurors often deliberately under-assessed the value of stolen goods in order to avoid a mandatory death sentence. In the Kingdom of Ireland, a subordinate but separate state, a similar "Bloody Code" existed, but there were not as many capital crimes.

As the number of capital crimes increased, lawmakers sought a less harsh punishment that might still deter potential offenders, and penal transportation with a term of indentured servitude became a more common punishment. This trend was expanded by the Transportation Act 1717 (16 Geo. 3 c.43), which regulated and subsidised the practice, until its use was suspended by the Criminal Law Act 1776. With the American Colonies already in active rebellion, parliament claimed its continuance was "found to be attended with various inconveniences, particularly by depriving this kingdom of many subjects whose labour might be useful to the community, and who, by proper care and correction, might be reclaimed from their evil course." This law would become known as the Hard Labour Act and the Hulks Act for both its purpose and its result. With the removal of the important transportation alternative to the death penalty, it would in part prompt the use of prisons for punishment and the start of prison building programmes. In 1785 Australia was deemed a suitably desolate place to transport convicts; transportation resumed, now to a specifically planned penal colony, with the departure of the First Fleet in 1787. It has been estimated that over one-third of all criminals convicted between 1788 and 1867 were transported to Australia, including Van Diemen's Land (now Tasmania). Some criminals could escape transportation if they agreed to join the British Army. Jurist William Blackstone said of the Bloody Code:

"It is a melancholy truth, that among the variety of actions which men are daily liable to commit, no less than a hundred and sixty have been declared by Act of Parliament to be felonious without benefit of clergy; or, in other words, to be worthy of instant death."

Leon Radzinowicz listed 49 pages of "Capital Statutes of the Eighteenth Century" divided into 21 categories:

 * 1) High treason, including offences against the Protestant succession and the Protestant establishment
 * 2) Other offences against the State
 * 3) Offences against public order, including riot and destruction of flood defences and bridges
 * 4) Offences against the administration of justice
 * 5) Offences against public health
 * 6) Offences against public revenue, including smuggling
 * 7) Petty treason and murder
 * 8) Stabbing, maiming and shooting at any person
 * 9) Rape, forcible abduction and other sexual offences
 * 10) Simple grand larceny and allied offences
 * 11) Burglary and allied offences
 * 12) Larceny from the person
 * 13) Larceny and embezzlement by servants, Post Office employees, clerks and other agents
 * 14) Blackmail
 * 15) Offences by bankrupts
 * 16) Forgery of deeds, bonds, testaments, bills of exchange, stocks, stamps, banknotes, etc.
 * 17) Falsely personating another with intent to defraud
 * 18) Destroying ships to the prejudice of insurance companies
 * 19) Coinage offences
 * 20) Malicious injuries to property, including arson
 * 21) Piracy

Relaxation of the law
In 1823, the Judgement of Death Act 1823 made the death penalty discretionary for all crimes except treason and murder. Gradually during the middle of the nineteenth century the number of capital offences was reduced, and by 1861 was down to five. The last execution in the UK took place in 1964, and the death penalty was legally abolished in the following years for the crimes of:

 * Murder, 1969 in England, Wales and Scotland, and 1973 in Northern Ireland
 * Arson in royal dockyards, 1971
 * Espionage, 1981
 * Piracy with violence, September 1998
 * Treason, September 1998
 * Six military offences, November 1998

title: Bloody Code


text:
User talk:204.56.7.1

Nomination of Pseudoscience (physics) for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Pseudoscience (physics) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Pseudoscience (physics) until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. –LaundryPizza03 ( d c̄ ) 04:34, 22 April 2021 (UTC)

"Pseudoscience (physics)" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Pseudoscience (physics). The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 April 22 until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. ~ Aseleste  (t, e | c, l) 10:36, 22 April 2021 (UTC)

Nomination of Pseudoscience (physics) for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Pseudoscience (physics) is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Pseudoscience (physics)& until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Mdewman6 (talk) 16:57, 6 May 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:204.56.7.1


text:
Talk:X∞Multiplies

Untitled
Actaully, what's been written here is about the *US* release of this name, which was actually just a silly compilation!

The proper "x infinity multiples" was a Japanese 10" single, with the tunes "NICE AGE" and "TIGHTEN UP", and a load of hilarrrrrrrious crazy-ass talky bits --feline1 17:47, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:YMO - Multiplies UK LP album cover.jpg
Image:YMO - Multiplies UK LP album cover.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 08:56, 15 January 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on X∞Multiplies. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20080519145255/http://www7a.biglobe.ne.jp:80/~yamag/album/nenkan1980_a.html to http://www7a.biglobe.ne.jp/~yamag/album/nenkan1980_a.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 01:21, 11 January 2016 (UTC)

X∞Multiplies cover and Chonmage Tengoku in DEEP
Not sure where this should go, but I thought it should be recorded somewhere: the cover for Chonmage Tengoku in DEEP (a compilation of "chanbara" or jidai-geki TV show theme songs from Japan) is a very obvious parody of / homage to the cover for X∞Multiplies, using samurai instead of the members of YMO. Here's a link to the cover on Amazon.jp: for reference.

Question: as neither extant Chonmage Tengoku album has a wiki entry (English or Japanese), does it make sense to add this factoid to this page? Or create a page for those albums and link this one to them?

Thanks — Sleet01 (talk) 20:42, 28 June 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:X∞Multiplies


text: Category:Liechtenstein politicians

title: Category:Liechtenstein politicians


text:
Bicêtre Hospital

The Bicêtre Hospital is located in Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It lies 4.5 km (2.8 miles) from the center of Paris. The Bicêtre Hospital was originally planned as a military hospital, with construction begun in 1634. With the help of Vincent de Paul, it was finally opened as an orphanage in 1642. It was incorporated into the Hôpital Général de Paris in 1656. In 1823, it was called the Hospice de la Vieillesse Hommes. In 1885, it was renamed the Hospice de Bicêtre.

History
In its history it has been used successively and simultaneously as an orphanage, a prison, a lunatic asylum, and a hospital. Its most notorious guest was the Marquis de Sade. In 1781 the prison was referred to as “much more terrible than the Bastille”.

The Bicêtre is most famous as the Asylum de Bicêtre where Superintendent Philippe Pinel is credited as being the first to introduce humane methods into the treatment of the mentally ill, in 1793.

The Bicêtre is referenced in the last chapter of Foucault's Madness and Civilisation titled "The Birth of the Asylum." In it, Pinel's methods are classified as more devious than humane.

title: Bicêtre Hospital


text:
Luke McCown

Lucas Patrick McCown (born July 12, 1981) is an American former professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Louisiana Tech Bulldogs and was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the fourth round of the 2004 NFL draft. He played in the NFL for the Browns, Tampa Bay Buccaneers, Jacksonville Jaguars, Atlanta Falcons, and New Orleans Saints

Early life
McCown was born and raised in Jacksonville, Texas. Like his older brothers Josh and Randy McCown, he showed an aptitude for sports. He attended Jacksonville High School.

In basketball, he garnered All-District and All-East Texas honors.

College career
Although he was nationally ranked as a football recruit (as high as No. 2 among quarterbacks in some publications), McCown accepted a football scholarship from Louisiana Tech University over the University of Oklahoma and Florida State University.

As a true freshman, he became the starter in the fifth game, after Brian Stallworth was lost with a season-ending injury. His college debut came in the second half of the fourth game against the University of Tulsa. He had six touchdown passes (fourth in school history) in a 48–14 win against the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. He set an NCAA single-game freshman record by throwing the ball 72 times in the 42–31 loss against the University of Miami.

As a sophomore, he led the team to the Western Athletic Conference championship, the school's first conference title since the early 1980s. He threw for 464 yards and four touchdowns in a critical 48–45 league win over Boise State University. The school was invited to the 2001 Humanitarian Bowl against Clemson University, its first bowl appearance since the 1990 Independence Bowl.

He contributed to two of the biggest wins in school history. A 39–36 win over Oklahoma State University, which came down to a 36-yard touchdown pass on a fourth-down-and-10 with 60 seconds in the opener of his junior season. And a 20–19 win against Michigan State University, passing for two touchdowns in the final 70 seconds, including the game-winning 11-yard throw with 2 seconds left in the third game of his senior season.

He started 42 out of 43 games of his college career, establishing school records for completions (1,088), attempts (1,827) and passing yards (12,994). His 88 touchdown passes ranked eighth-most in NCAA Division I-A history. He also had 11 rushing touchdowns. He still holds several NCAA Division I FBS records:
 * Most plays by a freshman in a single game (80) - Louisiana Tech vs. Miami, FL, October 28, 2000. McCown gained 444 total yards during the game.
 * Most attempted passes by a freshman in a single game (72) - Louisiana Tech vs. Miami, FL, October 28, 2000. He completed 42 of those passes.
 * Most completed passes by a freshman in a single game (47) - Louisiana Tech vs. Auburn, October 21, 2000. He attempted 65 passes in all.
 * Most seasons of 2,000+ yards (4) - From 2000–03, McCown gained 2,544, 3,337, 3,539, and 3,246 yards.

In 2017, he was inducted into the Louisiana Tech Athletics Hall of Fame.

Cleveland Browns
McCown was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the fourth round (106th overall) of the 2004 NFL draft. He went on to start in four games for in his rookie season. On April 24, 2005, he was traded to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in exchange for sixth round 2005 draft pick (#203-Andrew Hoffman).

Tampa Bay Buccaneers
In 2005, he was declared inactive but dressed as the third-string quarterback for the first ten games. He was the backup quarterback for the last seven contests, including one playoff game.

In 2006, he was injured during the preseason. He spent the first seven weeks of the regular season on the physically unable to perform list. He was activated on November 3. He was declared inactive but dressed as the third-string quarterback for the final nine games of the season.

In 2007, he appeared in five games with three starts, registering 1,009 passing yards, three interceptions, five touchdowns and a 91.7 quarterback rating. In week 13, McCown produced his finest performance as an NFL quarterback, throwing for 313 yards and two touchdowns during an emergency start for the injured Jeff Garcia in the Buccaneers 27–23 victory over the New Orleans Saints. He started the next game against the Houston Texans and was 25-38 for 266 yards and no interceptions, but a loss. He came in relief in the second half of week 16 and threw for 185 yards and one interception. He started the last game as the Bucs had already clinched a playoff spot. He threw for 236 yards and one interception with two touchdowns.

In 2008, he played in two games against the Carolina Panthers and the San Diego Chargers.

Jacksonville Jaguars
On September 5, 2009, McCown was traded to the Jacksonville Jaguars in exchange for a seventh round 2010 draft pick. He was the backup to starting quarterback David Garrard, seeing limited action in three games. He was active but did not play in 13 contests.

In 2010, he played in the fourth quarter of the second game against the San Diego Chargers, completing 11 of 19 passes for 120 yards, but suffered a season-ending knee injury with 41 seconds remaining. He was placed on the injured reserve list on September 21.

On September 6, 2011, five days before the 2011 regular season opener, Jacksonville announced they were cutting Garrard and that McCown would succeed him as starter for the season opener. He made his first start as a Jaguar in the season opener against the Tennessee Titans, completing 17 of 24 passes for 175 yards. On September 18, McCown was benched in favor of Blaine Gabbert, after posting the lowest passer rating (1.8) for a starting quarterback in club history. He appeared in four games with two starts, completing 30 of 56 attempts for 296 yards and four interceptions.

New Orleans Saints (first stint)
On June 7, 2012, McCown signed with the New Orleans Saints. He was released by the team on August 28, 2012.

Atlanta Falcons
On August 28, 2012, the Atlanta Falcons signed McCown to replace the released Chris Redman. As Matt Ryan's backup, McCown appeared in two games, on September 27 when Atlanta won 27–3 over the San Diego Chargers and December 16 when Atlanta won 34–0 over the New York Giants.

New Orleans Saints (second stint)
On April 1, 2013, McCown signed a one-year, $1.05 million deal with the Saints. After solid performances in preseason games, McCown was selected to serve as the primary backup to Saints starting quarterback Drew Brees. During the regular season he attempted a pass but it fell incomplete. In the regular season, McCown was the holder for placekicker Garrett Hartley.

On September 25, 2015, Sean Payton announced that starting quarterback Drew Brees would miss the first game of his Saints career due to a bruised rotator cuff and that McCown would get the start on September 27 against the Carolina Panthers over rookie Garrett Grayson, marking McCown's first start since 2011 with the Jaguars. Luke's older brother Josh started for the Browns the same day, marking the first time the brothers both started since 2007. On November 5, McCown underwent successful lower-back surgery, effectively ending his season after he was placed on injured reserve. McCown completed 32 of 39 passes for 335 yards and an 82.1 completion percentage in 2015.

On March 10, 2016, the New Orleans Saints signed McCown to a two-year, $3 million contract with a signing bonus of $500,000. On April 5, 2017, he was released after the team signed quarterback Chase Daniel.

Dallas Cowboys
On July 28, 2017, McCown signed with the Dallas Cowboys on a one-year contract with $250,000 in guarantees. He was signed to help the team get through training camp and the preseason, after losing fourth-string backup Zac Dysert, who suffered a season and career ending back injury. He was released on September 2, 2017.

Retirement
On April 20, 2018, McCown announced his retirement.

Personal life
McCown's brother Josh was also a quarterback in the NFL. His older brother Randy played quarterback at Texas A&M University. Luke and his wife, Katy, have four sons and two daughters. McCown is a Christian.

In September 2015, he starred in a series of TV commercials for Verizon Wireless, talking about Verizon's reliability and backup generators, joking that "I bet if they just had the chance, some of those backups would really shine." McCown started a game against the Carolina Panthers shortly after the commercial initially aired due to an injury to starting quarterback Drew Brees, throwing for 310 yards in the 22-27 loss.

title: Luke McCown


text:
Talk:Bloody Code

Hello, I am a college student in the class History of English Culture in Ca'Foscari University. As a midterm project, I would be working on improving this page! Any comments or help will be much welcomed. :) Eslee110 (talk) 09:38, 19 October 2015 (UTC)

I'm doing GCSE history and I thought this was useful information. I don't know that much about it but it's a start. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 172.213.252.242 (talk • contribs) 18:52 (UTC), 20 April 2005
 * Thanks, useful history info. Nasty stuff though! --J. Atkins (talk | contribs) 19:36, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

This is a really inaccurate and incomplete argument. It does not take into account the fact that most people were not put to death for these crimes due to extensive use of pardons. The sporadic use of the death penalty was designed to scare people into behaving but it wasn't as harsh as this article suggests. The fact that the only reference used is the extremely biased Amnesty probably accounts for this. Xlittlemissparanoidx 08:49, 17 June 2007 (UTC)

Lack of Sources
Why is this article almost entirely devoid of sources? It makes me suspicious that this is all a copy and paste job or is just someone typing what they vaguely remember from a history class. Are there not sources on this topic?Jdlund (talk) 13:51, 29 March 2010 (UTC)

Sections
I've divided the article into sections and removed the tag. Feel free to change it. ArdClose (talk) 18:16, 23 July 2010 (UTC)

Original research?
I reverted this: "The reason for the rise in the amount of capital offences in the late 17th century, the 18th century and the early 19th century is that the wealthy law makers were extremely worried about crime towards their property and wealth. The rich during this time were getting richer and thus they had more to lose from crime against their property, so the obvious solution for them was to make offences against property punishable by death. One could be hanged at Tyburn for stealing something as little as lace! The Lawmakers thought that by making crime against property punishable by death, people who would steal or damage property would be deterred from offending, so the wealthy people's possesions would be protected, or so was thought."

Interesting if true, but it needs a source. I didn't 'citation needed' it because it's so large. If anybody can source this, it's a valid contribution!142.103.225.18 (talk) 23:10, 24 August 2010 (UTC)

Term
It become known as the bloody code retrospectively, so when and by which historians originally? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.53.69.150 (talk) 13:50, 7 October 2013 (UTC)

Benefit of Clergy?
The Blackstone quote which mentions the phrase is not understandable to me, even after looking up the mean of "Benefit of Clergy" -- what is meant by "instant death"? Is this to be taken literally or does it also have a legal meaning here?--Jrm2007 (talk) 05:50, 13 February 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Bloody Code. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070930223055/http://www.amnesty.org.uk/content.asp?CategoryID=10403 to http://www.amnesty.org.uk/content.asp?CategoryID=10403

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 09:34, 4 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bloody Code


text:
Coins of the Manx pound

The official coinage of the Isle of Man are denominated in Manx pounds. From 1971 to 2016, coins of the Isle of Man were minted by Pobjoy Mint Limited. Since 2017, coins of the Isle of Man have been minted by the Tower Mint.

Due to matching appearance and value of pound sterling coins, these coins often appear in circulation within the United Kingdom. However, they are not legal tender there. Conversely, the Isle of Man does recognise pound sterling coins.

As well as producing non-circulating commemorative designs, the Isle of Man regularly changes the designs on the circulating coins.

The Manx pound matches the pound sterling and went decimal in 1971, with the UK, however since this date the Isle of Man has been at the forefront of coin innovation: The £1 coin was introduced on the Isle of Man in 1978, 5 years before the United Kingdom's equivalent, and there is currently a circulating £5 coin.

Below are descriptions of some of the different designs in circulation from the Isle of Man. This page does not cover non-circulating commemorative designs, such as the traditional Christmas 50 pence coins each year and the various crowns.

title: Coins of the Manx pound


text:
Bret Hedican

Bret Michael Hedican (born August 10, 1970) is an American former professional ice hockey player, a Stanley Cup champion, and a two-time US Olympian. A product of St. Cloud State University, Hedican played with the 1992 US Olympic Team before he made his NHL debut in the 1991–92 season with the Blues. In his third season with the Blues, Hedican was traded to the Vancouver Canucks with Jeff Brown and Nathan LaFayette for Craig Janney, on March 21, 1994, joining the Canucks in time for their Stanley Cup finals run that season.

Early life
Hedican was born on August 10, 1970, in Saint Paul, Minnesota to parents Gerald and Theresa. He grew up alongside his older sister Kelly, who later married his St. Cloud State University teammate Scott Eichstadt. She began dating Eichstadt while Hedican was playing with Team USA at the 1992 Winter Olympics.

Amateur
Growing up in Saint Paul, Minnesota, Hedican attended North St. Paul High School who retired his jersey number in 2006. During his high school career, he played four sports: hockey, football, soccer, and golf. Hedican played football in his freshman season before switching to soccer as a sophomore and junior, despite never playing it before. In his junior year, Hedican grew increasingly upset about his lack of playing time and spent the entire offseason bulking up. After expericing a growth spurt as a senior, in which he grew seven inches, he returned to football.

As a senior, Hedican started the season playing his regular position as a winger but was forced to move to defense due to numerous injuries. He proved to be successful in this position and was nominated to The Associated Press All-State team and played in the Maroon and Gold All-Star Series for high school seniors. Although he was approached by many colleges, Hedican chose to play ice hockey for St. Cloud State University due to their scholarship offer. He later said: "It was a great opportunity to turn the program around, as they were bringing in 10 freshmen. We (his teammates) said that to each other, we stuck together and we had a good team while I was there." Prior to committing to St. Cloud, Hedican debated whether to play major junior hockey.

Collegiate
Hedican was drafted 198th overall by the St. Louis Blues in the 1988 NHL Entry Draft. At the time of his selection, chief scout Ted Hampson compared his speed to that of a "young Paul Coffey."

In his sophomore season, Hedican returned to defence, replacing Jordy Wingate who took over his center position. When speaking of the decision, Hedican said: "I like to skate it up and see the play in front of me. That's what I liked to do...I've basically played defense all my life." His offensive output also improved, by December he had 11 points in only 16 games. He later said "going to St Cloud was the best thing that happened to me because I got thrown right in there and had to learn a lot." At the conclusion of his junior season, Hedican had recorded 19 goals and 30 assists and was named selected for the All-WCHA First Team. After opting out of his senior season, Hedican owned the team record for most points scored by a defenseman in a season with 48.

St. Louis Blues
Under the tutelage of Herb Brooks, Hedican became the only Twin Cities player named to Team USA's roster for the 1992 Winter Olympics. Brooks had coached him during his time at St. Cloud. He was also placed on the Peoria Rivermen of the International Hockey League. Upon returning from the Olympics, he practised with his collegiate team while contract negotiations continued with the Blues. He did not play any games with the team in case he could not reach an agreement with the Blues, thus maintaining his collegiate eligibility. Hedican eventually signed with the Blues but missed 11 games with a broken foot due to a mistake during practice. He made his NHL debut on March 27, 1992, on a pairing with Brian Sutter and recorded his first career NHL goal in a 5–3 win over the Chicago Blackhawks on April 15.

Following his first season, Hedican suffered a knee injury in September that delayed his start to the 1992–93 season. After being medically cleared to play, Hedican made his season debut on November 27 against the Vancouver Canucks in a 7–5 win. Despite not scoring, Blues coach Bob Berry praised Hedican's play for his speed and puck play. He split his time during the season with the Rivermen in order to gain experience and practice. In spite of this, he was invited to the NHL All-Star Game and placed second behind Mike Gartner in the fastest skater competition.

In his third season with the Blues, Hedican was traded to the Vancouver Canucks with Jeff Brown and Nathan LaFayette for Craig Janney, on March 21, 1994, joining the Canucks in time for their Stanley Cup run that season. At the time of the trade, Hedican said: "I have nothing bad to say about St. Louis. They gave me some ice time. I'm sad to leave, but Vancouver wants me."

Vancouver Canucks and first Stanley Cup run
Hedican joined the Canucks for their Stanley Cup run and recorded the teams' first goal in Game 1 of the Stanley Cup Finals on May 31, 1994. After finishing the 1996–97 season with six goals and 23 assists in 77 games, Hedican signed a two-year contract worth just under $2 million to remain with the Canucks on October 10, 1997. In the first year of his contract, he led the league in short-handed assists with seven.

Florida Panthers
Although Hedican established himself in the Canucks blueline after five seasons he was traded to the Florida Panthers with Pavel Bure, Brad Ference and Vancouver's third round choice (Robert Fried) in the 2000 NHL Entry Draft for Ed Jovanovski, Dave Gagner, Mike Brown, Kevin Weekes and Florida's first round choice (Nathan Smith) in the 2000 Entry Draft, on January 17, 1999. Hedican finished the season with the Panthers, recording three goals and 10 points in 25 games despite missing 16 games with an eye injury and torn groin muscle. He remained unsigned as the 1999–00 training camp approached but continued to engage in contract discussions. On November 4, 1999, Hedican was suspended three games for slashing during a game against the Ottawa Senators and was docked $25,520.

Carolina Hurricanes and second Stanley Cup run
Hedican was traded by the Panthers with Kevyn Adams and Tomas Malec to the Carolina Hurricanes for Sandis Ozolinsh and Byron Ritchie on January 16, 2002. He was reconnected with Team USA teammate David Tanabe whom he also trained with during the offseason. Hedican made his Hurricanes debut against the Montreal Canadiens the following day and scored his first goal with the team two days later against the New Jersey Devils. During the remainder of the 2002–03 season, Hedican said: "I just want to play in the playoffs I want to work my butt off and worry about my contract at the end of this whole thing." On June 30, 2002, he opted to sign a six-year contract to remain with the team instead of becoming a free agent.

On February 6, 2005, Hedican was named to Team USA's roster for the 2006 Winter Olympics as a replacement for injured defenseman Aaron Miller. During the Hurricanes' Stanley Cup run, Hedican was the team's nomination for the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy as someone who "best exemplifies the qualities of perseverance, sportsmanship and dedication to hockey." After winning the Cup, it was revealed that Hedican tore the labrum in his right hip in Game 1 of the Cup finals. He played the remainder of the games with the aid of cortisone and pain-relief shots.

His last few seasons in Carolina were riddled with injuries that severely limited his game play. On January 4, 2007, Jim Rutherford announced that Hedican would miss three to four weeks after undergoing surgery to repair a torn ligament in his left ring finger. At the time of his injury, Hedican recorded eight assists in 37 games and led all Hurricanes defensemen in ice time. He was activated off Injured Reserve a month later on February 1 after missing 10 games. Overall, Hedican missed 32 games as a result of various ailments, including the final 16 with a hip injury. He debated retiring during the offseason but chose to return to the Hurricanes for the 2007–08 season. In late December, Hedican suffered a sprained right knee during a game against the Boston Bruins and was placed on Injured Reserve. At the time of his injury, he had recorded two goals and seven assists.

Anaheim Ducks and retirement
For the 2008–09 season, his last season in the league, Hedican signed a one-year contract with the Anaheim Ducks. He played his 1000th career NHL game on November 21, 2008, against the St. Louis Blues. In February, Hedican began experiencing back spasms and was forced to miss numerous games.

On September 16, 2009, Hedican announced his retirement after playing in 1,039 career regular-season games and recording 294 points. Although he retired, he announced that: "I'd pay [general manager] Jimmy [Rutherford] to let me sign for a dollar and put the jersey on again."

Post-retirement
Hedican joined NBC Sports California shortly after retiring, serving as a studio analyst for the channel's San Jose Sharks coverage. In the fall of 2014, he joined the Sharks Radio Network team, and either Baker or Hedican will provide color commentary alongside Dan Rusanowsky. He also called games with Randy Hahn and Jamie Baker on NBCSN and NBC Sports California before Baker retired.

In 2014, Hedican partnered with another former Vancouver Canuck, Paul Reinhart, investing over $1 million in a sports team management start-up, RosterBot, based in Vancouver. The web-based software allowed users to set up a team, add player profiles, assign people to positions and share schedules by synchronizing them with calendars on other devices.

Personal life
Hedican has been married to figure-skater Kristi Yamaguchi since 2000. They had met at the 1992 Olympic Winter Games when both were members of the US Olympic team. The couple have two daughters, Keara Kiyomi (2003) and Emma Yoshiko (2005).

title: Bret Hedican


text: User talk:84.147.245.24

title: User talk:84.147.245.24