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Stasis (fiction)

A stasis or stasis field, in science fiction, is a confined area of space in which time has been stopped or the contents have been rendered motionless.

Overview
A stasis field is imagined to be a region in which a stasis process is in effect. Stasis fields in fictional settings often have several common characteristics. These include infinite or nearly infinite rigidity, making them "unbreakable objects" and a perfect or nearly-perfect reflective surface. Most science fiction plots rely on a physical device to establish this region. When the device is deactivated, the stasis field collapses, and the stasis effect ends.

Time is often suspended in stasis fields. Such fields thus have the additional property of protecting non-living materials from deterioration. This time dilation can be, from an in-universe perspective, absolute; something thrown into the field, has the field triggered and then reactivated, would fly out as if nothing had happened. Storylines using such fields often have materials as well as living beings surviving thousands or millions of years beyond their normal lifetimes. The property also allows for such plot devices as booby traps, containing, for instance, a nuclear bomb. Once out of the stasis field, the trap is sprung. In such a situation, to avoid the protagonist from seeing what is in the field, the story line would not allow normal beings to see something protected by a stasis field.

One use of stasis fields is as a form of suspended animation: to let passengers and cargoes (normally of spacecraft or sleeper ships) avoid having to experience extremely long periods of time by "skipping over" large sections of it. They may also be used, such as in The Night's Dawn Trilogy, as protection against the effects of extreme acceleration.

There are real phenomena that cause time dilation similar that of a stasis field. Extremely high velocities approaching light speed or immensely powerful gravitational fields such as those existing near the event horizons of black holes will cause time to progress more slowly. However, there is no known theoretical way of causing such time dilation independently of such conditions.

Examples

 * The Dune series of novels features "nullentropy" containers, where food is preserved indefinitely, as well as entropy-free "no-chambers" or "no-ships" which are undetectable to prescience.

 * The noted science fiction author Larry Niven used the concept of stasis fields and stasis boxes throughout his many novels and short stories set in the Known Space series. Niven's stasis fields followed conductive surfaces when established, with the resulting frozen space being an invulnerable and reflective object. They were often used as emergency protective devices and to create a weapon called a variable sword: a length of extremely fine wire in a stasis field that enables it to cut through normal matter. For more information, see Slaver stasis field.

 * A more limited form of stasis field is the "bobble", found in Vernor Vinge's Peace Authority setting. A bobble is perfectly spherical and exists for a fixed period of timeset when the bobble is first created. The duration of a bobble effect cannot be changed. Bobble generators were initially used as weapons, removing their targets from the field of combat.

 * Another example of a stasis field exists in Joe Haldeman's The Forever War, where stasis field generators are carried by troops to create conditions where melee weapons become the only viable means of combat. Inside the field, no object can travel faster than 16.3 m/s, which includes electrons, photons, and the field itself. Soldiers inside the field wear suits with a special coating to prevent electrical activity within their body from stopping, which will kill them. In the novel, the main character defeats an enemy army, which has besieged a contingent of human troops on a moon, by arming a nuclear bomb inside the field and then moving the field away from the bomb. Once the bomb is revealed, its electrical activity resumes and it detonates, vaporizing the surrounding army and a large chunk of the ground beneath the field.

 * In Peter F. Hamilton's The Night’s Dawn trilogy (1996-1999), “zero-tau pods” — powered containers inside which time halts — are an important narrative device.

 * In the computer strategy game StarCraft, the Arbiter unit can use Protoss technology and the Arbiter's psionic power to create a stasis field that traps units in the affected area in blue "crystals" of stopped time, taking them out of the fight and rendering them invulnerable for 30 seconds.

 * In the Dead Space series, the main character Isaac Clarke carries a wrist-mounted tachyon-based stasis module, which is used to slow enemy Necromorphs to a crawl for a duration. He adapted its use to fight Necromorphs; it was used previously by technicians to slow down malfunctioning equipment. Medical use of the technology is later seen in Dead Space 2, with stasis beds; the protagonist had also been kept in stasis between games.

 * The game Mass Effect has a biotic power called "Stasis" that can trap an enemy in a stasis field, rendering them immobile and invincible to damage. The duration of this effect is usually dependent on the user's skill level.

 * In the Star Wars RPG series Knights of the Old Republic, Jedi who follow the path of the light are able to use "Stasis" powers, using the force to alter time and freeze an enemy in place. Unlike true stasis, it allows external events to affect the victim. The original game also uses a similar effect, where Dark Jedi trap party members to engage the player in a duel.

 * In the Justice League Unlimited episode "The Cat and the Canary", Green Arrow uses a stunner to put himself into a form of stasis while fighting Wildcat in an attempt to end his cage fighting career by falsely convincing him he killed Green Arrow.

 * In the Invader Zim episode "Walk For Your Lives", Zim creates a time stasis field and uses it on Dib as an experiment to show to the Tallest, causing him to move slowly. As well, it produces an explosion which occurs slowly; Zim throws Dib into it speed it up, causing it to move at normal speed.

 * In the animated series, Generator Rex, the main antagonist, Van Kleiss, is transported back in time to Ancient Egypt during an accident. While there, he creates a stasis chamber and is awoken at multiple points throughout history before returning to the present in the episode "A History of Time".

 * The Space themed MMO Eve Online features a weapon called a stasis webifier. When activated against an enemy ship, it reduces the target's speed. Multiple 'webs' can be used on a ship at once.

 * In Half-Life, the protagonist Gordon Freeman is put into a state of Stasis after a brief discussion with the G-Man. A similar incidence happens to Adrian Shepherd at the end of Half Life: Opposing Force, when the G-Man puts him into a state of stasis "for further evaluation".

 * At the end of Portal, Chell is put in stasis for many years until she is awakened at the beginning of Portal 2.

 * In Project Eden, one character is frozen in stasis for 15 years. Stasis can also be used offensively to slow down enemies.

 * In the first episode of Red Dwarf, "The End", Dave Lister, third-class technician of the mining ship "Red Dwarf", is put into a stasis booth as punishment for breaking rules on the ship. However, during his time in stasis, lethal radiation leaks into the ship as a result of a malfunction, killing the crew. Lister is revived three million years later by the ship's computer, Holly, once the high radiation levels have subsided.

 * In Catherine Asaro's Skolian Empire books, the Skolians use quasis to freeze time during interstellar travel.

 * The 2008 novel The Last Colony describes a "sapper field" technology which can be set to modify various energetic properties of objects, such as weapons.

 * The 2012 Expanse series of novels describes a "slow zone" of outer space where no kinetic technological process is allowed to operate above a set speed. This allows organic life to operate normally, but instantaneously slows any over-speeding artifact or kinetic component down to that speed.

 * In Amphibia, King Andrias puts Marcy Wu in a state of suspended animation after killing her in the season 2 finale "True Colors". She is then used as a host for Andrias's master, the Core, leading her to become an antagonist until she is freed from its control.

 * In The 100, during season 5, a group of prisoners awakes from cryopreservation after a little more than 100 years. They were on penal labor on a ship mining asteroids, but were put into cryopreservation for this period when the Earth had become temporarily uninhabitable.

 * In Xenoblade Chronicles 3, the world of Aionios is in a state of constant stasis, referred to as "the endless now", as a result of Z taking control of Origin.
 * In The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Stasis is one of the Runes Link can use. It allows him to freeze objects in suspended time and launch them by building up kinetic energy.

title: Stasis (fiction)


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Nikolay Dubinin

Nikolay Petrovich Dubinin (4 January 1907 – 26 March 1998) was a Soviet and Russian biologist and academician.

He worked under the supervision of Sergei Chetverikov. He was a corresponding member of the Division of Biological Sciences from 1946 and academician of the Division of General Biology from 1966. In 1946, Dubinin published a paper on the achievements of Soviet geneticists, in the journal Science.

He was a founding member of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics (IC&G) in the Russian Academy of Sciences. During the two years of his directorship (1957–1959) Dubinin worked out research goals at the IC&G and assembled its early staff.

In 1982, Dubinin and Dmitry Belyayev studied the genetic basis of human individuality in different populations. In 1983, they worked with V. I. Trubnikov studying the variability and heritability of neuro- and psychodynamic parameters. In 2002 the "Genetic Consequences of Emergency Radiation Situations" conference was dedicated to him.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Nikolay Dubinin


text: User talk:82.43.64.4

title: User talk:82.43.64.4


text:
Boston Grammar School

The Boston Grammar School is an 11–18 boys selective grammar school and sixth form college located in Boston, Lincolnshire, England. A recent 2021 Ofsted report assessed the school overall as 'good'

By October 2021, a total of 812 pupils attending the school, 201 of which were in the sixth form provision at the school.

Establishment
The school was founded by charter of Philip and Mary in 1555. The oldest sections of the school were built in 1567, formerly referred to as the "big school" and now used as the school library. South End Site became the model for Boston Latin School which was the first school in what was to become the United States of America. The school still retains the Latin motto 'Floreat Bostona' (May Boston Flourish). This motto also forms the title of the official school song, written by Dr G.E. Pattenden, headmaster from 1850 to 1887, which he referred to as 'my school hymn'. The song is still sung at official school occasions such as Prizegiving, Charter Day and Beastmart.

In the 1960s when under Holland County Council Education Committee, it was a voluntary controlled school with around 620 boys. The school had a CCF.

Sixth form
Girls are now admitted to the sixth form. There were 597 pupils on the roll as at April 2008, including 170 in the sixth form. The school has been awarded Technology College and sports specialist status. In December 2012, Boston Grammar School shut its doors for the final time as a selective school, run by the local authority. In January 2013, Boston Grammar School re-opened as a selective academy.

Academy status
On 1 January 2013, Boston Grammar School became a converter academy, under the leadership of the then headteacher, Mr Paul Marsh. No changes were made to the school uniform and the school retained its existing name. This ended the federation between Boston Grammar School and Boston High School, with both schools now having an independent governing body, budget and establishment number.

Federation plans
In 2006, there were controversial plans by Lincolnshire County Council to federate Boston Grammar School with the local girls grammar school Boston High School, with effect from September 2011. In 2010 it was announced that due to the withdrawal of Building Schools for the Future funding by the new coalition government, that both schools would operate as two separate schools, still under a federation – on two sites – with one governing body. This arrangement ended when Boston Grammar School became an academy in 2013.

School Houses
There are four houses in the school named after important figures in the school's history. Each is associated with a different colour which is reflected in PE shirts, and boys are assigned to a house when they join the school on an arbitrary basis in order to create different groups for school activities, including Sports Day.

Laughton – John Laughton left a bequest to the local bluecoats' school. On its closure this was subsequently given to the grammar school

Muston –  Robert De Muston was the first schoolmaster of Boston in 1329.

Gannock –  William Gannock was the Mayor of Boston at the time the school was built on its current site in 1567.

Parry – John Parry the Liberal MP for Boston who in 1875 gave a gold medal to the scholar of the year. This medal is still awarded to the student who attains the best A-level results each year.

Beast Mart
Beast Mart is an annual half-day holiday, awarded to boys to commemorate the annual cattle market that took place traditionally in the school yard (the Beast Yard). The Beast Mart declaration takes place one day in December each year. The Council Chief Executive (in place of the historical Town Clerk) reads the declaration of the Beast Mart and the Mayor requests that the headmaster give the school a half-day holiday. The head of school then leads three cheers to the King and the Mayor calling "hip, hip, hip!"

Charter Day
A celebration of the granting of the school charter takes place annually at St Botolph's Church, Boston, (known locally as Boston Stump). During this celebration the school song is traditionally sung.

Prizegiving
An annual prizegiving ceremony is held in December of each year. During this event a number of awards recognising achievement in academic disciplines, sport and other areas are awarded. Old boys are often in attendance, including the previous year's A-level students who return to receive their A-level certificates. The Parry Gold Medal is awarded to the student who achieved the best A-level results. A guest speaker is always invited, and notable guests of honour have included Helen Sharman, Barry Spikings and Mark Simmonds MP.

Pupils

 * George Bass – surgeon and explorer (likely )
 * Cyril Bland – cricketer
 * Brian Bolland – comics artist
 * Richard Budge – former head of RJB Mining, and his older brother Tony, founder of the A.F. Budge construction company
 * Joseph Langley Burchnall – mathematician
 * Danny Butterfield – footballer
 * Bernard Codd – professional motorcycle road racer
 * John Cridland – former Director General of the Confederation of British Industry
 * Bill Dunham – former Deputy Commandant General of the Royal Marines
 * Victor Emery – physicist
 * George Edward Hale Enderby – anaesthetist, who developed Hypotensive anaesthesia using an Oscillotonometer to measure low blood pressure
 * Simon Garner – footballer (Blackburn Rovers F.C.)
 * Arthur James Grant – historian
 * John Hallam – Canon of Windsor
 * Wyn Harness (1971–78) – former assistant editor, and a founder of The Independent
 * Michael Horne FRS, structural engineer
 * Carl Hudson – Musician (Keyboard player for Professor Green)
 * Richard Hurst – writer and director
 * John Leverett – former governor of Massachusetts (likely )
 * Rev Dr John Newton CBE – former president of the Methodist Conference, former President of The Wesley Historical Society
 * T. William Olle – computer scientist
 * Simon Patrick – Bishop of Ely from 1691 to 1707
 * Mike Pinner – footballer (Manchester United F.C.)
 * Philip Priestley (1957–64) – former High Commissioner to Belize (2001–04)
 * Oliver Ryan – footballer (ex Lincoln City footballer)
 * Rt Rev Frank Pilkington Sargeant – Bishop at Lambeth from 1994 to 1999 and Bishop of Stockport from 1984 to 1994
 * Barry Spikings – Hollywood producer
 * Ernest Stewart Roberts, Vice-Chancellor from 1906 to 1908 of the University of Cambridge
 * Ray Tinkler – football referee
 * Jonathan Van-Tam MBE (1976–82) – Deputy Chief Medical Officer for England
 * David Ward – former Lib Dem MP for Bradford East (2010–2015)
 * Oswald Wardell-Yerburgh – clergyman
 * Scott Williams – professional darts player

Notable staff

 * James Dyson, headmaster 1912–1919

title: Boston Grammar School


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Andrew Pyper

Andrew Pyper (born March 29, 1968) is a Canadian author.

Early life: childhood and education
Pyper's parents emigrated from Northern Ireland to Stratford, Ontario. His father was an ophthalmologist and his mother trained as a nurse. Pyper was the youngest of five children. As a child, he read a lot of books and aspired to be a writer. "I was a de facto only child because there were eight years between me and the next brother. Like a lot of only children, I turned to the nerdier pursuits of books and writing and ... making things up." He studied at McGill University in Montreal, Canada, and obtained an honours B.A. and M.A. in English Literature. Rather than pursue a doctorate, Pyper followed a girlfriend to Toronto and studied law at the University of Toronto (U. of T.). Although that relationship ended, Pyper continued three years of legal studies and graduated with a law degree (LL.B) and earned a Legal Theory Award. After articling for a year he was called to the bar in 1996. He has never practised law. "I knew very early on that I wasn't going to be a lawyer, but I was brought up to believe, wrongly, I think, that once you start something, you never quit — real Presbyterian stick-to-it-iveness."

While he was at the U. of T. he had several short stories published in Canadian literary magazines, including Quarry and The New Quarterly. "It was a classic writerly compromise. I thought I'll get a job and hopefully make enough money working part-time to feed the writing. What I didn't anticipate was how much I'd hate the law." Before he had finished his articling year, Pyper decided to pursue a career as a fiction writer.

Career
Pyper had set himself the goal of having a book published before he turned thirty. Unbeknownst to Pyper, his editor at Quarry, Steven Heighton, sent a number of his short stories to John Metcalf, an editor at the Canadian publisher The Porcupine's Quill. To Pyper's delight, Metcalf published them in a volume entitled Kiss Me, released in October 1996. Pyper then obtained a writer-in-residence position at Trent University's Champlain College. While there he wrote his first novel, Lost Girls. It was published in Canada by HarperCollins in 1999 and became a Canadian bestseller. It was published by Delacourt in the U.S. and MacMillan in the U.K. in 2000. It was in the Top 10 on the Times paperback list and in the Top 30 of The New York Times paperback bestseller list. It was also translated and published in Italian, German, Dutch and Japanese. The novel is being developed for a TV series, with Pyper attached as creator and Executive Producer. The book received widespread critical acclaim. The New York Times called it "brilliant" and The Boston Globe called it "compulsively readable."

The Trade Mission was Pyper's second novel. It was published in 2002 in Canada by HarperFlamingo, in the U.K. by Macmillan Publishers, and a year later in the U.S. by Scribner. It was also published in translation in Germany and the Netherlands. The Times (London) called it "suspenseful" and The Globe and Mail's reviewer called it "breathtaking... a thriller with a serious centre."

His third novel, titled The Wildfire Season, was published in 2005 by HarperCollins in both Canada and the U.K. and by Thomas Dunne Books/St. Martin's Press in the U.S. a year later. It was also translated into Dutch and published in The Netherlands in 2005. This novel was also widely praised. The Barnes & Noble Review called it: "a profoundly moving work of literature that succeeds on numerous levels", and The London Evening Standard described it as "outstanding."

The Killing Circle, Pyper's fourth novel, was published in 2008 by Doubleday in Canada, HarperCollins Publishers in the U.K., and Thomas Dunne Books in the U.S. It was also translated and published internationally in the Netherlands, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Japan and the Czech Republic. Publishers Weekly called the novel "an extraordinary thriller", and Booklist said of Pyper: "Few are better at conveying an omnipresent sense of dread and horror bubbling just beneath life's seemingly mundane routines."

Pyper's fifth novel was titled The Guardians and was published in 2011 by Doubleday Canada, and Orion in the UK. It was translated and published in both Italy and the Netherlands. The Guardian called it: "a compelling and genuinely creepy read", and it was chosen A Best Book of the Year in the Dutch national newspaper NRC Handlesblad.

The Demonologist, Pyper's sixth novel, was published in Canada and the U.S. in March 2013 by Simon and Schuster, and in the U.K. by Orion. The novel was also translated and published in Greece, Holland, Bulgaria, China, Poland, Turkey, Taiwan, Spain, Russia, Italy, Brazil, Japan, Slovakia, the Czech Republic and France. Now magazine called Pyper "a star because he writes so spectacularly." The novel's film rights are held by Oscar-winning director and producer Robert Zemeckis and his company ImageMovers and Universal Pictures.

Pyper's seventh novel, The Damned, was released by Simon and Schuster in North America in February 2015, and by Orion in the U.K. Translation rights have been sold to publishers in Russia and Italy. Kirkus Reviews called the novel: " A treat for fans of intelligent treatments of the supernatural and rock-solid writing."

While writing his major novels Pyper continued to write short stories.

Pyper has taught creative writing courses at the University of Toronto and Colorado College, Colorado Springs, USA.

His newest novel, The Homecoming, is slated for publication in 2019.

Awards and accolades

 * Kiss Me: Chosen as Notable Book of the Year by The Globe and Mail and The New York Times.
 * The Demonologist: Chosen as Publishers Weekly's Top Ten Mysteries & Thrillers of Spring 2013; An Indie Next Pick for March 2013 by the American Booksellers Association; Book-of-the-Month Club Selection; Amazon Top Ten Best of the Month Pick; one of Amazon.ca's Best Books of 2013; a Globe and Mail Best Book of 2013; Nominated for the 2014 Libris Award for Author of the Year (Canada); Shortlisted for the 2014 Libris Award for Fiction Book of the Year; Winner of the ITW (International Thriller Writers) 2014 Thriller Award for Best Hardcover Novel; Nominated for the 2013 Shirley Jackson Award for Best Novel (USA); and Shortlisted for the Sunburst Award (Canada)
 * The Damned: selected as one of the Best Suspensful Thriller Books of the years by DuJour
 * Pyper has been awarded The Grant Allen Award for his contributions to Canadian crime and mystery literature.

Published works

 * The Residence. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020. ISBN 978-1982147365.
 * The Residence. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020. ISBN 978-1982147365.
 * The Residence. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020. ISBN 978-1982147365.
 * The Residence. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020. ISBN 978-1982147365.
 * The Residence. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020. ISBN 978-1982147365.
 * The Residence. New York, New York: Simon & Schuster, 2020. ISBN 978-1982147365.

Short stories
All of these stories were published as eBooks.
 * "Sausage Stew" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "Dime Bag Girl" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "Call Roxanne" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "If you Lived Here You'd Be Home By Now" - Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "House of Mirrors" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "The Earliest Memory Exercise" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "Camp Sacred Heart" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "Breaking and Entering" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "The Author Shows a Little Kindness" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "Magnificent" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "1001 Names and Their Meanings" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins
 * "X-ray" – Published 2012 by HarperCollins

Personal life
Pyper is married to Heidi Rittenhouse, has two children, and lives in Toronto.

title: Andrew Pyper


text:
Talk:Siege of Vicksburg

Repetition?
This text is in the Aftermath: "Vicksburg was the last major Confederate stronghold on the Mississippi River; therefore, capturing it completed the second part of the Northern strategy, the Anaconda Plan. The successful ending of the Vicksburg campaign significantly degraded the ability of the Confederacy to maintain its war effort. This action, combined with the surrender of Port Hudson to Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks on July 9, yielded command of the Mississippi River to the Union forces, who would hold it for the rest of the conflict.

The Confederate surrender on July 4, 1863 is sometimes considered, when combined with Gen. Robert E. Lee's July 3rd defeat at Gettysburg by Maj. Gen. George Meade, the turning point of the war. It cut off the states of Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas from the rest of the Confederate States, effectively splitting the Confederacy in two for the duration of the war. The Union victory also permanently severed communication between the Trans-Mississippi Department and the balance of the Confederacy."

Nearly identical text is in the introduction. Is the repeated wording deliberate? IAmNitpicking (talk) 14:31, 6 July 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Siege of Vicksburg


text: User talk:69.62.153.223

title: User talk:69.62.153.223


text:
Talk:Serve

VFD
On 25 March 2005, this article was nominated for deletion. The result was disambig. See Votes for deletion/Serve for a record of the discussion. – ABCD 20:29, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It's pretty much a wiktionary page right now, isn't it?--Alhutch 20:33, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Serve


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Alimos

Alimos (Άλιμος) is a town on the Saronic Gulf coast, a suburb of the Athens agglomeration, and a municipality in South Athens regional unit, Greece. It was formed in 1968 comprising two settlements, the suburban seaside town of Kalamaki (Καλαμάκι), and the inland community of Trachones (Τράχωνες). Alimos had 43,174 inhabitants in the 2021 census.

History
The first settlements uncovered by archeologists in Alimos date back to the Neolithic period, and the excavation site can be found in the region of Euonymeia (Ano Kalamaki), immediately by the Vouliagmenis Avenue.

In classical antiquity, Halimous (Ἁλιμοῦς; also Alimous, Ἀλιμοῦς ) was a fishing town on the outskirts of the city-state of Athens and constituted one of the demes of Attica. The area of Ano Kalamaki, known as Euonymeia, constituted a distinct settlement, which in classical antiquity became the urban (asty) Deme of Euonymos. Testament to its development during this period are the ruins of the amphitheater of Euonymos, quite unusual in the ancient world in its rectangular design. The site can be found on Archaiou Theatrou Street in Ano Kalamaki (just a few blocks away from the Neolithic site). The most significant historical affiliation of Alimos is that with Thucydides. Thucydides was born in Halimous, and is often referred to as "Thucydides the Halimousian" (Greek: Θουκυδίδης ο Αλιμούσιος). The bust of Thucydides is the emblem of Alimos, which is commonly used between schools in the area. Furthermore, the First High School of Alimos is called Thoukydideio (Greek: Θουκυδίδειο), after him.

Kalamaki was part of the community of Brachami until 1927, when it became a separate community. The community Kalamaki was abolished in 1968, when the municipality Alimos was founded.

Education
Alimos has public and private schools of grades, apart from higher education, in several places throughout the city. The city has 12 public kindergartens, 8 public elementary schools, 6 public Junior High Schools (including a Music School ) and 5 High Schools (including one Technical High School). Furthermore, there are several private schools, where tuition fees are needed.

Geography
Alimos is situated on the Saronic Gulf coast, 8 km south of Athens city centre along the Athens coast. The municipality has an area of 5.909 km2. The Hellinikon Olympic Complex, built on the grounds of the former Ellinikon International Airport for the 2004 Summer Olympics, lies south of Alimos. The built-up area of Alimos is continuous with those of the neighbouring suburbs Palaio Faliro, Agios Dimitrios, Ilioupoli, Argyroupoli and Elliniko. Alimos has a large marina and several beaches. The main roads of Alimos are Poseidonos Avenue along the coast, Kalamakiou Avenue and Alimou Avenue. The nearest subway station is at Alimos metro station, in the eastern part of the municipality. The western, coastal part of the municipality is connected with downtown Athens by the Tram.

Climate
Alimos has a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification: BSh), bordering on a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification: Csa). Alimos experiences hot, dry summers and mild, wetter winters.

Current Weather (2021-)
Weather records for 2021- in Alimos (as of 1 May 2024) are given below:

Sports
Alimos has two clubs with presence in panhellenic championships, the water polo club N.O. Kalamaki with presence in A1 Ethniki and the football club Trachones F.C. with presence in Gamma Ethniki. In Alimos is located the Byzantine Sport Center that is used by the two sport clubs come from Constantinople, A.O. Tataula and A.S. Pera. These clubs settled in Alimos in 1973 and have many honours in Greek Table Tennis Championship.

Commercial activity
The commercial activity in Kalamaki or Alimos is concentrated in the major avenues that cross the city regional (Amfitheas-Poseidonos-Alimou) and the streets that are inside the city links (Thukididou-Kalamakiou-Theomitoros-Ionias-Dodekanisou).

Historical population
Many people here are the descendants of refugees from Kalkan Turkey, arriving in the Greek genocide

International relations
Alimos is twinned with:
 * 🇷🇸 Niš, Serbia

title: Alimos


text: File:View from the Window at Le Gras, Joseph Nicéphore Niépce.jpg


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Discacious

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 23:35, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Discacious
Vanity/ Dictdef/ Non-notable, take your pick. I have to say, I will be using that word though! Delete. --Halidecyphon 20:31, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism. Non-notable. - Marcika 23:12, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity neologism. -- Brhaspati\talk/contribs 00:08, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, vanity neologism. Megan1967 07:35, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Cutthroats (video game)

Cutthroats is an interactive fiction game written by Michael Berlyn and Jerry Wolper and was published by Infocom in 1984. It was released for the Amiga, Apple II, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari ST, Commodore 64, MS-DOS, TRS-80, TI-99/4A, and Mac. It is Infocom's thirteenth game.

Plot
The game takes place in and around the fictional Hardscrabble Island. For centuries, Hardscrabble was a thriving seaport, but the local fishing industry died out in the 1920s. Most of the area's remaining population is an assortment of hard-luck types and people of questionable ethics.

The player's character is a skilled diver scraping to make ends meet. One night, an old shipmate named Hevlin barges in with a map indicating the locations of two previously undiscovered shipwrecks. Flashing between excitement and paranoia, Hevlin abruptly leaves, asking the player to safekeep the map. Naturally, the old sailor is murdered as he practically steps from the doorway; someone obviously wants this map quite badly.

As the player attempts to mount a perilous dive for sunken treasure, several characters offer their help. Some of them can be trusted and some cannot. Failure to tell the difference between the two can result in an "untimely accident". Successfully making positive contact with the right characters is the only way the player can advance to the actual shipwrecks. Once the dive begins the player must locate and retrieve the treasure from that wreck to complete the game.

Each time the game is played, either the São Vera or the Leviathan is randomly chosen as the wreck to be explored. The other two locations contain no treasure and are red herrings.

The game has 68 locations.

Release
Each package of Cutthroats contained the following physical items:
 * 1) True Tales of Adventure, a fictional magazine catering to self-styled adventurers
 * 2) Four Shipwrecks off Hardscrabble Island, a fictional book "published" by the Hardscrabble Harbor Historical Society with information on the wrecks of São Vera, H.M.S. Intrangisent, The Fianna, and S.S. Leviathan.
 * 3) A dive map indicating the locations and depths of the above four ships
 * 4) A "supplemental price list" from Outfitters International featuring a tide table. As the equipment available does not appear in list form or in any other reference within the game, the player requires the price list packaged with the game for a successful dive.

Reception
Antic criticized Cutthroats' use of timed puzzles that "made us feel as though were being overly manipulated", and called others "obscure, illogical and nearly clueless. Be prepared to mail away for the [Invisiclues]". The magazine concluded that the game was inferior to Berlyn's Infidel.

title: Cutthroats (video game)


text:
N·E·W·S (Prince album)

N·E·W·S is the twenty-seventh studio album by American recording artist Prince. It was released on June 30, 2003, by NPG Records. The album is the second instrumental album released under Prince's own name, containing four tracks of 14 minutes duration each. Recorded at Prince's Paisley Park Studios over a single day, the album was initially available through Prince's NPG Music Club website on June 30, 2003, before becoming widely commercially available on July 29. The album can be seen as a modern incarnation of Madhouse, but this time as a Prince release. Original Madhouse member Eric Leeds lends his talents, as well as The New Power Generation members John Blackwell, Rhonda Smith and Renato Neto. The album was recorded improvisationally.

The album is the lowest-selling Prince album released to date, with just 30,000 copies sold, but it did become a top-ten hit on the Billboard Internet sales chart, and garnered a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Instrumental Album. The album artwork folded out into a ninja star. Produced by Prince, the album is credited as "Directed By Prince".

The track "West" was included on the 2018 compilation Anthology: 1995–2010.

Style and composition
The album is an all-instrumental album featuring styles of New Age, jazz-funk, and jazz fusion.

Reception
The album received mostly negative reviews from critics, with several critics noting the album's lack of cohesion.

In a 2 out of 5 star review, Allmusic reviewer William Ruhlman criticized the album as directionless, stating "The listener, who will have to be a particularly rabid aficionado of all things Prince to be interested, must throw out all expectations and simply revel in the joy of hearing the musician and his cohorts experiment with relaxed musical textures for 56 minutes. Of course, no one else needs to bother." In a positive review for Jazz Times Lucy Tauss summarized "exploratory and evocative, N.E.W.S. is an intriguing departure for this enigmatic and unpredictable artist."

The Guardian ranked the album last out of Prince's 37 studio albums. Stereogum ranked it 20th out of 30 main Prince albums released by 2014, stating "there's no pretending that this isn't for the diehards primarily, or that it's even a coherent collection, but it's great to see a man with so many ideas let some new ones loose." Metro Weekly ranked the album 2nd to last of all Prince albums in a 2014 feature, calling it "a 56-minute exercise in tedium".

Personnel
Band
 * Prince – electric guitar, Fender Rhodes, digital keyboards and percussion, production, mixing, art design
 * Eric Leeds – tenor and baritone saxophone
 * John Blackwell – drums
 * Renato Neto – piano and synthesizers
 * Rhonda Smith – electric and acoustic bass

Design
 * Jeremy Gavin – art design

Production
 * Jess Sutcliffe – engineer
 * Joseph Lepinski – musical technician
 * Takumi – musical technician

title: N·E·W·S (Prince album)


text:
Othmar Karas

Othmar Karas (born 24 December 1957) is an Austrian politician who served as the First Vice-President of the European Parliament since January 2022, having been a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since 1999. He is a member of the Austrian People's Party (ÖVP), which in turn affiliates with the European People's Party.

Karas sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs and the Special Committee on Tax Rulings and Other Measures Similar in Nature or Effect. Between 2012 and 2022, he was one of the vice presidents of the European Parliament. He was elected as First Vice-President on 18 January 2022.

Education and early career

 * Manager in the banking and insurance sector (since 1981)
 * Magister of Philosophy, political science, University of Vienna (1996)
 * Master of European and International Business Law (MBL), University of St. Gallen (1997)
 * Doctor of Philosophy, political science, University of Vienna (2017)
 * Assistant Secretary-General of Bundesländer Versicherung (currently on leave of absence)

Beginnings

 * Federal president of the Union of Students (1976–1979)
 * Political adviser to the ÖVP (1979–1980)
 * First Vice-Chairman of the Austrian Federal Youth Association (1980–1990)
 * Federal Chairman of the Young ÖVP (1981–1990)
 * Member of the national executive of the ÖVP (1981–1991)
 * Secretary-General of the ÖVP (1995–1999)
 * Vice-President of the Young European Christian-Democrats (EUJCD) (1981–1990)
 * Member of the EPP Bureau and Council (since 1995)
 * Member of the steering committee of the European Democrat Union (EDU) (since 1995)
 * Member of the National Council (1983–1990)

Member of the European Parliament, 1999–present
Karas has been a Member of the European Parliament since the 1999 European elections. He has since been serving on the Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs. In the past, he has served as a substitute for the Committee on the Internal Market and Consumer Protection and as a member of the temporary committee on policy challenges and budgetary means of the enlarged Union 2007–2013. More recently, he was a member of the Special Committee on Tax Rulings and Other Measures Similar in Nature or Effect in 2015 and the Committee of Inquiry to investigate alleged contraventions and maladministration in the application of Union law in relation to money laundering, tax avoidance and tax evasion in 2016. In 2020, he also joined the Subcommittee on Tax Matters.

In the European Parliament, Karas has become one of the centre-right's experts on financial regulation. As the rapporteur for the Capital Requirements Directive IV, he played a central role in the parliamentary implementation of capital requirements agreed in the Basel III accords. He helped negotiate a 2013 agreement on an EU-wide cap on bankers' bonuses. Alongside Liêm Hoang Ngoc, he later co-drafted a controversial 2014 report highlighting problems with the European Union-led bail-outs of Greece, Portugal, Cyprus and Ireland during the European debt crisis.

In addition to his committee assignments, Karas has been the chairman of the parliament's delegation to the EU-Russia Parliamentary Cooperation Committee since 2014. He previously serves as member of the delegation for relations with Japan and as a substitute for the delegation for relations with the People's Republic of China.

Within his political bloc, the centre-right European People's Party Group, Karas served as the group's spokesperson on economic affairs from 2002 until 2004 and as vice-president and treasurer from 2004 until 2011. From 2011 until 2019, he led the ÖVP delegation within the EPP group.

In the 2009 European elections, the ÖVP leadership replaced Karas by Ernst Strasser as its lead candidate for the European Parliament; Strasser later had to resign as a consequence of the 2011 cash for influence scandal. Ahead of the 2014 European elections, the ÖVP re-nominated Karas as its lead candidate. At the time, he was considered by Austrian media as a possible successor to Johannes Hahn as Austrian nominee for European Commissioner.

From the 2019 European Parliament election, Karas served as one of its Vice-Presidents; in this capacity, he was part of the Parliament's leadership under President David Sassoli.

In 2021, Karas was appointed to the EPP group's task force for proposing changes to its rules of procedure to allow for “the possibility of the collective termination of membership of a group of Members rather than just individual membership”, alongside Esteban González Pons, Jan Olbrycht, Esther de Lange and Paulo Rangel.

In late 2021, Karas announced his candidacy to succeed Sassoli as President of the European Parliament. The EPP selected Roberta Metsola as their candidate for President to succeed Sassoli, and she was elected President on 18 January 2022. On the same day, Karas was elected First Vice-President of the European Parliament.

Political positions
Following the 2014 elections, Karas joined fellow MEPs Sven Giegold, Sylvie Goulard, Sophie in 't Veld and Alessia Mosca in an open letter aimed at exerting pressure on the President of the European Commission and national government leaders during the nominations process to improve the gender balance in the composition of the European Commission.

In 2020, Karas led an initiative of nearly 40 other EPP members who pushed to expel Tamás Deutsch from their parliamentary group after the latter had compared comments made by group leader Manfred Weber to the slogans of the Gestapo and Hungary's communist-era secret police; Deutsch was eventually suspended but not expelled from the group.

Timeline of positions held

 * Hilfswerk Austria, President (since 1998)
 * Political Academy of the Austrian People's Party, Vice-President
 * Austrian Society for China Studies (ÖGCF), Member of the Presidium
 * Austrian Association of Graduates, Member of the Board
 * Institute for Public Social Responsibility, Member of the Board of Trustees
 * Kangaroo Group, President (2009-2013), Member of the Board (since 2013)

Controversy
In 2005, EU parliamentarian Hans Peter Martin revealed that Karas collected thousands of euros of "daily allowance" of 262 euros a day, even though he was often only in Brussels for a few hours on those days or it was a matter of holiday weeks.

Awards

 * 2003 – Decoration of Honour for Services to the Republic of Austria
 * 2024 - Winner, Lifetime Achievement Award, The Parliament Magazine's MEP Awards.

Personal life
Karas is married to Dr. Christa Waldheim-Karas, daughter of Kurt Waldheim and Elisabeth Waldheim.

title: Othmar Karas


text:
Abu Haatim Tayyib Ziyauddin

Abu Hatim Ṭayyib Ziyā'u d-Dīn (August 6, 1932 – May 23, 2015), full name Saiyedna Abu Haatim Taiyeb Ziyauddin Saheb and personal name Taiyyeb, Ayyubali with kunya (agnomen) "Abu Haatim", was the 44th Dā‘ī al-Muṭlaq, "the absolute or unrestricted missionary", of the Alavi Bohra, a minority group of Ismā‘īlī Shī‘ah Muslims. Since he assumed the position in 1974, the Alavi Bohra community has progressed both locally and internationally in education, economic prosperity, religion, and in the awareness among its youth of the group's identity and religious roots.

Saiyedna saheb was born in 1932 to Saiyedna Yusuf Nuruddin Saheb (a.q.), the 43rd Da'i-e-Mutlaq, and Marhooma Maa Saheba Khadeejat ul-Kubra Mithibu binte Rajabali, and became Alavi Bohra's Da'i al-Mutlaq in 1974. His teacher was the 42nd Da'i-e-Mutlaq Saiyedna Fida'ali Badruddin Saheb. In 1975 (1395 AH), Abu Haatim performed the Hajj with 27 followers, the same number that was present with Sy. Shamsuddin Ali bin Ibrahim Shaheed (a.q.) in Ahmedabad during the mutiny by the usurper of Ahl-e-Motaghallib. He performed the Hajj again in 1992 (1412 AH), making him the only Da'i to date who has performed the Hajj twice. Throughout 2000, he visited Karbala, Shaam, Najaf, Kufa, Bait ul-Muqaddas, Cairo, and Yemen in a comprehensive tour, making him the first Mansoor ul-Yamane and Zaair il-Mashhadain il-'Azeemain to do so. Additionally, despite health problems, Abu Haatim, accompanied by Karam-e-Rehmani and Roohani Taaeed from Imam uz-Zamaan, accomplished the Taiyebi Daur, the most difficult portion of safar-e-mubaarak, successfully.

On December 27, 1984, at Masjid-e-Noorani, Abu Haatim appointed Mazoon ud-Da'wat and Mansoos ud-Da'wat, the eldest son of Abu Haatim, at the fourth Rabi-ul-Aakhar. Abu Haatim's name Ṭayyib is derived from the name of the 21st Imam, Ṭayyib, who went into seclusion in 1130 as a result of the tyranny and oppression imposed by the other communities in Cairo when he was four years old. Abu Haatim lives in Daar us-Salaam, Vadodara. On May 23, 2015 Syedna Abu Hatim Tayyib Ziyauddin saheb died peacefully in Vadodara, Gujarat, India. He was succeeded in the post of Dai al Mutlaq by Saiyedna Abu Sa'eed il-Khayr Haatim Zakiyuddin saheb (tus) as the 45th Dai al Mutlaq of the Alavi Bohra.

title: Abu Haatim Tayyib Ziyauddin


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Albrechtičky

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 23:35, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Albrechti%C4%8Dky
Seems to have been copied into Babelfish and translated into English from some website. Barely readable, most likely copyvio. User:Luigi30 (Υσηρ ταλκ ΛυηγηΛ) 20:34, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete as patent nonsense. I think the language it was translated out of is Czech. --Angr/comhrá 05:36, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Chinese naming controversy

''I'm starting an extra (parallel?) article, in attempt to clear up the controversy. I have no particular axe to grind here; rather, I hope to shine a lantern. (Uncle Ed)''

The ideas we all agree on:

 * China is a very old country (or nation), with a history going back more than 2,000 years.
 * In the mid-twentieth century, there was a fight between Communists and other forces for control of the entire nation.
 * After the dust settled, two rival governments emerged, each controlling only a subset of China
 * The PRC controlled nearly all of the mainland.
 * The ROC controlled Formosa (and a few nearby, tiny areas).
 * In recent decades, the government on the island of Formosa has called itself the Republic of China (ROC).
 * The government which controls the ancient capital city Peking (or "Beijing") on the mainland calls itself the Peoples Republic of China (PRC).
 * The PRC and ROC each have for several decades claimed "rightful" jurisdiction (or sovereignty) over all of China.

So what don't we agree on?

 * A significant portion of Taiwanese will claim that since Taiwan was only part of dynastic China for a shortwhile (being ceded to Japan up to the end of ww2, even), that the PRC claim to Taiwan isn't valid at all, so the PRC already has the entire subset of China. (I could agree with this, but don't care enough to argue it when it comes up.)
 * Strict constructionists of the term "Taiwan" say it does not refer to the extra tiny islands, only the main one. (I don't agree with this.)
 * There are movements, even the current or last chief exec, to move from the name "RoC" to "Taiwan", but all attempts to do so (for instance, handing out Taiwanese passports, rather than RoC passports, was done in the 90s) was met with diplomatic checkmates by the PRC, so the RoC name isn't set it stone by anyone. (Which is a justification to keep the Taiwan label).

Me, personally, I really don't care about Taiwan other than a preference to two syllables written on happy meal toys compared to seven that I never, ever, hear. For all I care Taiwan is the RoC is Taiwan and nobody takes the historical claim to the rest of China seriously anyways. It somehow keeps getting mixed up with Hong Kong issues, which I do care about - such as a justification to avoid the term China and People's Republic of China.

Hope that helps. SchmuckyTheCat 21:43, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * A little bit of addition. Taiwan was under Cheng Ch'eng-kung's rule from 1662 to 1683, and from 1683 onwards by Qing Dynasty, as part of Fujian province. Taiwan was made a province in 1887, and ceded to Japan in 1895. Not the entirety of the present-day ROC-administered territories were colonised by Japan.
 * It's the same ROC passports, with the word "Taiwan" added to the cover design. Such new passports were issued after Chen was in power, i.e. after 2000.
 * And as a matter of fact I have never avoid saying Hong Kong as part of the PRC whenever it's necessary. — Instantnood 22:37, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)

Yes, it does help. I will comment on the substance later, but for now I would say that the level of courtesy I have seen when both you guys are "in the room" with me is heart-warming. And by both of you putting your cards on the table -- i.e., saying out loud what you want and don't want -- I have high hopes that this issue may be resolvable without requiring an arbcom ruling.

Thanks to STC for not objecting when I, er, called him a "prick" the other day! That was a bit over the line for me, I admit. *blush* (But a pun that was hard to resist: schmuck is Yiddish for penis).

And thanks to Instantnood for calmly going over all this stuff again, even though it's been already hashed over many times.

In fact, thanks to both of you for taking the time to come across "namespace borders" to this project page! With all the effort you've both been making, and the clarity that's resulting from the discussion, I have high hopes for resolution (yes, I said that already but I "hope" that my HOPE will be contagious :-) -- Uncle Ed (talk) 17:40, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh, there have even been a few instances where we've gone back and forth collaboratively editing articles without issue. Even when I filed the RfC, the first thing I said was that he was a genuine contributor. This isn't a controversy like say, abortion, indeed I'd even go so far as to say it's almost a dispute about style, not substance.
 * Of course, as I said, I don't have enough care to argue about Taiwan. It's the "mainland China" naming problem that gets at me. I believe your talk page holds my opinion about that. SchmuckyTheCat 17:57, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Contrary to SchmuckyTheCat's focus on China, I am focused on Taiwan. And I believe that since many people holds the position described below, this position needs to be incoporated into the naming convention so that we can call the naming convention a genuine NPOV.

 * The polity ROC is commonly called Taiwan, since the residents under the rule of ROC share the common national identity under the rule of the same polity located on the island.

Current naming convention deliberatedly rejected this common belief and thus does not qualify as a NPOV. The repetitively voting down on Instantnood's proposal on Taiwan-related topics based on his own religious belief and interpretation of the naming convention has proven the desperate insufficiency of the current naming convention.

Topics on PRC is not my focus, and therefore I believe the debate between mainland China v.s. PRC would be best resolved among the Chinese people who hold the issue near and dear to themselves.--Mababa 00:59, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Based purely on usage in America, I would lean toward using Taiwan in preference to ROC or Republic of China. The official name of the de facto government on Formosa is Republic of China, of course, but for the series of articles on politics, geography, and history, the more-easily recognized name might serve better.

 * politics of Taiwan
 * history of Taiwan
 * geography of Taiwan
 * economy of Taiwan

 * Please remember, everyone, that it is never the case that choosing an article title may be considered an endoresment of any particular idea. Wikipedia will not be saying that "Taiwan" is the right name of any political or geographical entity; but we have to call it something. -- Uncle Ed (talk) 13:33, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Ed, have you been here: Wikipedia_talk:Naming_conventions_%28Chinese%29/NPOV/Taiwan_vs._ROC? SchmuckyTheCat 14:48, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Wikipedia:Chinese naming controversy


text:
User talk:Nihilanthic

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

Ghost Freeman 20:36, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Ah, so I finally got around to do something with this page.
Wonderful, innit?

Well, I still dont know the syntax and parsing and all the tricks to make things look purdy on the wiki, but Ill get around to it roughly when I "feel like it".

Anywho, if anyone knows me and/or found this, post away.

title: User talk:Nihilanthic


text:
Talk:Handley Page Victor

Move
I moved from Handley-Page Victor to Handley Page Victor to bring in line with the articles on the Company and its other products. Sc147 20:36, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Lusty Lindy Link Broken?
In the external links section, it seems that http://www.lustylindy.co.uk/ is no longer live. Check and remove after a few weeks/months? R5gordini (talk) 09:17, 11 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Done after 4 months.TSRL (talk) 14:47, 7 February 2010 (UTC)

134 Squadron
According to RAF Squadrons - C G Jefford 134 Squadron was disbanded in 1945 and never reformed...I think you mean 543 Squadron - now added..

Victor Bomb Loads
Just as a matter of interest, according to Bill Gunston the Victor was designed for the following bomb loads:

Original design requirement:

1 X 10,000lb 'special bomb' - Blue Danube

Alternative loads:

2 X largest-size Blue Boar precision-guided bombs (Blue Boar was later cancelled)

or

1 X 22,000lb Grand Slam plus other assorted smaller weapons

or

2 X 12,000lb Tallboys

or

4 X 10,000lb light-case blast bombs

or

48 X standard 1,000lb bombs

or

39 X 1,000lb Type S sea mines - (written as '39 X 2,000lb' - presumably a typo and referring to 1,000lb 'A Type S' mines)

With reduced fuel load:

76 X 1,000lb bombs - 48 internally plus 28 in external underwing pods - structural provision for pods included but later replaced in trials by overload fuel tanks.

Data from: The V-Bombers - The Handley Page Victor - part 1 by Bill Gunston - Aeroplane Monthly - January 1981 issue.

Ian Dunster 12:04, 31 July 2006 (UTC)

Error ??
"The B.2 was an improved Victor powered by the Rolls-Royce Conway RCo.11 turbojet engines providing 17,250 lbf (76.8 kN)."

But the Conway was a turbofan engine, not a turbojet (apparently the first turbofan). As I am not an expert on this matter, I will leave it to somebody else to correct it, if it is an error. Jason404 (talk) 20:00, 7 June 2008 (UTC)

The RR Conway supplied 22,500 lbs of static thrust

Michael HOW —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.207.120.96 (talk) 23:37, 23 January 2009 (UTC)

 * You are right it is a turbofan, I have corrected it. MilborneOne (talk) 23:50, 23 January 2009 (UTC)

ommision in 'accidents and incidents' section
I know nothing about editing Wikipedia, so hopefully someone will do that for me. I have just discovered that two of my relatives were killed by a crash of a Victor B2 in Stubton Lincolnshire 23rd March 1962. Two crew were also killed. More detail is available here

--Tornadodad (talk) 20:50, 17 September 2009 (UTC)

 * I have added a few more of the more notable accidents to the article. MilborneOne (talk) 21:35, 17 September 2009 (UTC)

CEP
Those claimed for the Victor is a waaay too large. Here a document (PDF) in which is described how the Victor could obtain less than 250 yd from 45 kft high level bombing. http://www.rin.org.uk/Uploadedpdfs/ItemAttachments/Norman%20Bonnor%20-%20presentation-web.pdf — Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.11.0.22 (talk) 14:58, 7 November 2016 (UTC)

XA934
The accident summary XA934 is wrong, it did not suffer a further double engine failure, on take off No4 exploded and set No3 on fire which was contained. it circled for a few hours burning off fuel om final approach did not have 3 greens, did a low pass to put searchlights on the suspect Stbd undercarriage, told ok, went for final go round and remaining two engines No1&2) shut down.

Accident board put it down to fuel system mismanagement as there was plenty of fuel in wing tanks on the portside. https://aviation-safety.net/wikibase/wiki.php?id=55304.

Dave232 (talk) 23:12, 17 December 2016 (UTC)dave

 * Well it did suffer a double engine failure although we dont mention fuel mis-managment, the source you point to is not particularly reliable do you have anything better we can source it from. MilborneOne (talk) 11:52, 18 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified (January 2018)
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Number of crew
It says there are five crew, then later says ejector seats were installed for all six. Some of the accidents say four, but is that tankers?

 * I dont think there is any room for more than five, two pilots at the front and three rearcrew sitting side-by side facing backwards. MilborneOne (talk) 19:50, 27 December 2021 (UTC)

 * The Avro Vulcan had a fourth seat downstairs, side-ways facing. (In the first of the Blackbuck Raids this seat was occupied by an air-to-air refuelling specialist who swapped with the co-pilot for refuelling only.) Perhaps the Victor had the same. Dolphin ( t ) 23:41, 27 December 2021 (UTC)

First supersonic flight date
The article states that the first time the Victor broke the sound barrier was 1 June 1956. I just happened on a newspaper item from 7 June 1957 about how a Handley Page Victor had become the biggest aircraft to date to fly at a supersonic speed and I wonder if there might not be an error here. The Finnish newspaper misspells the name Allam but otherwise the details fit. Googling a bit, I also came across this photo, dated 1957. Ofc it could be a coincidence and there may have been two supersonic instances a year apart, but still. Anyone have any better information or access to the book cited as a reference? --Rallette (talk) 11:29, 7 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Handley Page Victor


text: User talk:68.9.154.146

title: User talk:68.9.154.146


text:
Christa Prets

Christa Prets (born 2 October 1947 in Diez, Germany) is an Austrian politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP). She is a member of the Social Democratic Party, which is part of the Party of European Socialists, and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on Culture and Education and its Committee on Women's Rights and Gender Equality.

She is also a substitute for the Committee on Regional Development, vice-chair of the delegation for relations with Iran, and a substitute for the delegation to the EU–Romania Joint Parliamentary Committee.

Career

 * Secretarial training (1964–1966)
 * Institute for Physical Education, Mainz (1966–1968)
 * Coached various sporting groups (1969–1994)
 * Veterinary assistant (1974–1994)
 * Member of local council (1987–1990)
 * Deputy mayor (1990–1991)
 * Mayor of Pöttsching (1991–1994)
 * Regional councillor, Burgenland (1994–1999)
 * Board member, ASKÖ sport and physical education committee (since 1989)
 * Member of the European Parliament (since 1999)
 * Gold Order of Merit, Republic of Austria

title: Christa Prets


text:
Branimir

Branimir is a Slavic male given name. It is a combination of the (Slavic) verb braniti ("to defend") and the noun mir ("the world" or "peace" in Old Slavic), and hence means "the one who defends the world/peace". It is especially common in Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Ukraine, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Poland. The female version is Branimira and Branimirka. The Polish version is Bronimir.

People named Branimir

 * Branimir of Croatia, medieval Croatian ruler
 * Branimir Bajić, Bosnian footballer
 * Branimir Glavaš, Croatian politician
 * Branimir Jelić, Croatian politician
 * Branimir Kostadinov, Bulgarian footballer
 * Branimir Makanec, Croatian engineer
 * Branimir Petrović, Serbian footballer
 * Branimir Poljac, Norwegian footballer of Croatian descent
 * Branimir Subašić, Azerbaijani footballer of Serbian descent
 * Branimir "Johnny" Štulić, Yugoslavian musician
 * Branimir Vujević, Croatian Olympic rower
 * Branimir Djokic, famous Serbian accordionist

title: Branimir


text:
User talk:Sushilkumarp

Accounts Receivable Financing

Exporters of goods maybe willing to ship goods to the importer without any assurance of payment from a bank. This could take the form of an open account shipment or a time draft. Prior to shipment the exporter should have conducted his own credit check on the importer to determine credit worthiness. If the exporter is willing to wait for payment it is extending credit to the buyer.

If the exporter requires funds immediately it may require financing from a bank. This is referred to as accounts receivable financing in which the bank will provide a loan to the exporter secured by an assignment of the accounts receivable.The bank's loan is made to the exporter based on its credit worthiness.In the event the buyer fails to pay the exporter for whatever reason, the exporter is still responsible to repay the bank.

title: User talk:Sushilkumarp


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Willison

Willison is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Brian Willison (born 1977), American academic; former Executive Director of the Parsons Institute for Information Mapping
 * David Willison (1919–2009), British soldier
 * David Willison (pianist) (born 1936), English pianist
 * George F. Willison (1896–1972), writer and editor who specialized in American history
 * Herbert Willison (1872–1943), English solicitor and Liberal Party, later Liberal National politician
 * Jackson Willison (born 1988 ), New Zealand rugby union footballer
 * John Willison (1680–1750), Scottish clergyman
 * John Stephen Willison (1856–1927), Canadian newspaperman, author, and businessman
 * Kevin Willison (born 1958), Canadian professional ice hockey player
 * Leigh Willison (born 1969), Australian rules football player
 * Marjorie Willison, Canadian author of books on gardening and a radio personality
 * Simon Willison, co-creator of the Django web framework
 * Walter Willison (born 1947), American stage actor

title: Willison


text: Category:479 BC deaths

title: Category:479 BC deaths


text:
Lenslok

Lenslok is a copy protection mechanism found in some computer games and other software on the Atari 8-bit computers, Commodore 64, ZX Spectrum, Sinclair QL, MSX and Amstrad CPC. It was created by John Frost, an inventor and electronics consultant, and marketed by ASAP Developments, a subsidiary of J Rothschild Holdings. The first game to use it was Elite for the ZX Spectrum.

Overview
Lenslok was released in 1985 as a plastic lens in a foldaway frame. The Lenslok device was essentially a row of prisms arranged vertically in a plastic holder. Before the game started, a two-letter code was displayed on the screen, but it was corrupted by being split into vertical bands which were then rearranged on screen. By viewing these bands through the Lenslok they were restored to their correct order and the code could be read and entered allowing access to the game. The device was small enough when folded flat to fit next to an audio cassette in a standard case.

In order for the Lenslok to work correctly the displayed image has to be the correct size. This meant that before each use the software needed to be calibrated to take account of the size of the display. Users found this setup particularly annoying, at least in part because they found the instructions that were initially shipped unclear. Additionally, the device could not be calibrated at all for very large and very small televisions, and some games shipped with mismatched Lensloks that prevented the code from being correctly descrambled. The Lenslok system was not used in later releases of Elite.

Software
Lenslok was used on the following releases:

 * ACE, released by Cascade Games
 * Elite, released by Firebird
 * The Advanced Music System, released by Firebird
 * Fighter Pilot, released by Digital Integration
 * Graphic Adventure Creator, released by Incentive Software
 * Jewels of Darkness, released by Rainbird
 * Moon Cresta, released by Incentive Software
 * OCP Art Studio, released by Rainbird
 * The Price of Magik, released by Level 9 Computing
 * Supercharge, released by Digital Precision
 * Tomahawk, released by Digital Integration
 * TT Racer, released by Digital Integration

title: Lenslok


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ona staines

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 23:35, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Ona staines
Original research, with an 'about the author' section to make sure. With some substantial editing and a move to Ona Staines or Ona Judge Staines we could keep this, but not as it is. SteveW | Talk 20:39, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * User:65.196.106.162 who posted this has now copied it to Ona Judge Staines. After a search on Google, it appears to be a copyvio anyway ( - first hit on google, makes it easier) so I'm listing them there instead.  SteveW | Talk 20:53, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, copyright violation, promo. Megan1967 07:37, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Willison

Should we move the article to "John Willison" instead of just "Willison"? Danny Ng 20:40, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Yes please, that was a mistake. I searched for Willison and started the article from the search results without looking properly! Never realised till half an hour after I'd finished the article :( --PeterR 21:05, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Willison


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Björketorp Runestone

The Björketorp Runestone (DR 360 U) in Blekinge, Sweden, is part of a grave field which includes menhirs, both solitary and forming stone circles.

It is one of the world's tallest runestones measuring 4.2 metres in height.

Inscription
The runes were made in the 6th or the 7th century and in Proto-Norse (a similar message is given on the Stentoften Runestone). It is found on two sides. The shorter message appears to say "I foresee perdition" or "prediction of perdition". The message of the other side is also debated.

Swedish: "Mäktiga runors hemlighet dolde jag här, kraftfulla runor. Den som bryter detta minnesmärke skall ständigt plågas av arghet. Svekfull död ska träffa honom. Jag spår fördärv".

Menhirs

The runestone is paired with two high uninscribed menhirs.

Analysis
Most scholars date the inscription to the 7th century and it is carved with a type of runes that form an intermediate version between the Elder Futhark and the Younger Futhark. A characteristic example of this is the a-rune which has the same form as the h-rune of the younger futhark. This is the rune that is transliterated with A. The k-rune, which looks like a Y is a transition form between and  in the two futharks. There are quite a few intermediary inscriptions like this one. Three more are known from Blekinge, i.e. the Stentoften Runestone, the Istaby Runestone and the Gummarp Runestone, which was moved to Copenhagen and lost in the Copenhagen Fire of 1728.

The Stentoften, Istaby and Gummarp inscriptions can be identified with the same clan through the names that are mentioned on them, and the names are typical for chieftains. The Björketorp Runestone lacks names and is raised some tens of km from the others. However, it is beyond doubt that the Björketorp runestone is connected to them, because in addition to the special runic forms, the same message is given on the Stentoften Runestone.

The runestones were not carved by the same man, and so it appears that the runestone reflects a specific tradition in Blekinge during the 7th century. Compared to the Stentoften inscription, the one on the Björketorp stone has a fuller, more formal and less archaic style.

Scholars are not in agreement on the purpose of the runestone. It has been suggested that the runestone is a grave and that the curse is intended to protect it. However, in 1914, there were archaeological excavations which did not present any finds either by the runestone or in the stone circle. To counter this, it has been suggested that the runestone is a Cenotaph, i.e. a memorial far from the real burial. A second suggestion is that it was a shrine for Odin or for fertility. A third suggestion is that the runestone marks a border between the Swedes and the Daner.

title: Björketorp Runestone


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Engelʹgardt (crater)

Engelgardt, or Engelhardt, is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon, located to the north of the huge walled plain Korolev. The satellite crater Engelgardt B is attached to the north rim of this crater, and is actually a much larger formation with a diameter of 163 km. To the west-northwest is the crater Lebedinskiy.

This is a circular crater with a rim that has been only mildly eroded. The material on the inner sides has slid down to form piles of scree along the base. The inner wall is narrowed to the south, where the satellite crater Engelgardt N lies adjacent to the edge. Less than a crater diameter to the east-southeast is a small crater with a high albedo surrounded by a skirt of light surface. This skirt reaches to the edge of Engelgardt's rim.

The highest-elevation point on the entire surface of the Moon (10,786 m/35,387 ft above the mean lunar elevation) is located on the east rim of Engelgardt Crater.

Engelgardt lies on the southern margin of the Dirichlet-Jackson Basin.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Engelgardt.

title: Engelʹgardt (crater)


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Operation Panzerfaust

Operation Panzerfaust (Unternehmen Panzerfaust) was a military operation undertaken in October 1944 by the German Wehrmacht to ensure the Kingdom of Hungary would remain a German ally in World War II. When German dictator Adolf Hitler received word that Hungary's Regent, Admiral Miklós Horthy, was secretly negotiating his country's surrender to the advancing Red Army, he sent commando leader Otto Skorzeny of the Waffen-SS and former special forces commander Adrian von Fölkersam to Hungary. Hitler feared that Hungary's surrender would expose his southern flank, where Romania had just joined with the Soviets and cut off a million German troops still fighting the Soviet advance in the Balkans. The operation was preceded by Operation Margarethe in March 1944, which was the occupation of Hungary by German forces, which Hitler had hoped would secure Hungary's place in the Axis powers. This had also enabled the deportation of the majority of Hungarian Jews, previously beyond the reach of the Nazis, through uneasy cooperation with Hungarian authorities. This policy was, however, terminated as Soviet forces drew closer and the USAAF, based in Italy, began bombing Hungary, including Budapest.

Prelude
Having anticipated Horthy's move, Skorzeny had been instructed to remove Horthy from power. Horthy's son Miklós Horthy Jr. was meeting with Soviet representatives. Miklós Jr. was informed by the German Security Service through intermediaries that envoys of Marshal Tito of Yugoslavia wanted to meet with him. Miklós Jr. had failed to keep a prior meeting when he observed suspicious individuals near the proposed meeting place. A second meeting was set for early 15 October at the offices of Felix Bornemisza, the Director of the Hungarian Danube ports. He hoped that the Yugoslavian representatives might have important news, but upon entering the building, Skorzeny and his troops attacked and beat him into submission. They then kidnapped Miklós at gunpoint, trussed him up in a carpet, immediately drove him to the airport and flew him to Vienna. From there, he was transported to Mauthausen concentration camp.

Horthy's declaration of armistice
Working through his trustworthy General Béla Miklós, who was in contact with Soviet forces in eastern Hungary, Horthy attempted to negotiate the end of the war, seeking to surrender to the Soviets while preserving the government's autonomy. Although Horthy was an intractable anti-Communist, his dealings with the Nazis led him to conclude the Soviets were the lesser evil. The Soviets willingly promised that Hungary would remain autonomous and sovereign.

Horthy governed from Castle Hill in central Budapest, an ancient and now well-guarded fortress. He blamed the German government for "forcing" Hungary into war, and during a meeting of the Crown Council declared that:

"Today it is obvious to any sober-minded person that the German Reich has lost the war. All governments responsible for the destiny of their countries must draw the appropriate conclusions from this fact, for as a great German statesman, Bismarck, once said, "No nation ought to sacrifice itself on the altar of an alliance." … I decided to safeguard Hungary’s honour even against her former ally, although this ally, instead of supplying the promised military help, meant finally to rob the Hungarian nation of its greatest treasure, its freedom and independence. I informed a representative of the German Reich that we were about to conclude a military armistice with our former enemies and to cease all hostilities against them."

At 2:00 p.m. on 15 October 1944, Horthy announced in a national radio broadcast that Hungary had signed an armistice with the Soviets. However, the Germans had been aware of Horthy's behind-the-scenes manoeuvring and had already set in motion plans to replace his government with forces loyal to the German cause, effectively occupying Hungary. With Nazi help, the Arrow Cross Party seized the radio station shortly after Horthy signed off. A party member wrote a counter-proclamation and used the name of the Hungarian Army's Chief of the General Staff, General Vörös. The commanding officer and his assistant of the two remaining Hungarian army units in Budapest were arrested or disappeared, and their soldiers fell in line with the Arrow-Cross party.

Skorzeny then brazenly led a convoy of German troops and four Tiger II tanks to the Vienna Gates of Castle Hill. Horthy recognized that he had no means to fight the German armor and superior forces. He issued orders that "no resistance should be made." One unit did not get these orders, and fought the Germans for about 30 minutes.

Capture of Horthy
Horthy was taken into custody by Edmund Veesenmayer and his staff later on 15 October. Kept overnight in the Waffen SS offices, he returned to the Palace to collect his personal belongings. There he was confronted with a demand to sign a typewritten statement handed to him by Premier Géza Lakatos. The statement announced that Horthy was renouncing the armistice and abdicating in favour of Arrow Cross leader Ferenc Szálasi. Surprised that his loyal friend would encourage him to sign the document, Horthy was told by Lakatos that his son's life was at stake. When Horthy asked Veesenmayer if this was true, Veesenmayer confirmed the threat. The regent understood that this was an effort to put the stamp of his prestige on a Nazi-sponsored Arrow Cross coup, but signed anyway.

Horthy later explained his capitulation: "I neither resigned nor appointed Szálasi Premier, I merely exchanged my signature for my son’s life. A signature wrung from a man at machine-gun point can have little legality."

Despite Veesenmayer's solemn promise to obtain Horthy's son's release from the German concentration camp, Miklós Jr. remained a prisoner until the war's end on 8 May 1945. Horthy himself was transported to the Schloss Hirschberg near Weilheim, Germany, and guarded by 100 Waffen SS men at all times. On 1 May 1945, Lt. Gen. Alexander Patch, the commander of the US 7th Army, visited Horthy in his castle prison. Because Hungary had fought on to the end defending Germany, Horthy was considered a prisoner of war. Seven months later, on 17 December 1945, he was released from the Nuremberg penitentiary and was reunited with his family in a private home in Weilheim.

title: Operation Panzerfaust


text: Category:429 BC deaths

title: Category:429 BC deaths


text:
Reinhard Rack

Reinhard Rack (born 7 August 1945 in Leoben, Styria) is an Austrian politician and a former Member of the European Parliament (1995–2009). He is a member of the Austrian People's Party, which is part of the European People's Party, and was sitting on the European Parliament's Committee on Transport and Tourism.

He was also a substitute for the Committee on Constitutional Affairs, a member of the delegation for relations with Australia and New Zealand, and a substitute for the delegation for relations with Japan.

Career

 * Studied law and interpreting at the University of Graz (1964-1968)
 * Dr.jur
 * Qualified translator
 * University assistant (1968)
 * Postdoctoral lecturing qualification (1976)
 * University professor in constitutional, administrative and European law (since 1980)
 * Visiting professor, Rutgers University, Camden/New Jersey (1985 and 1988)
 * Academic publications in Austria and abroad
 * Visiting lecturer, University of Malaysia (UMESP), Kuala Lumpur (2001)
 * Spokesman on European affairs for the Land of Styria (1990-1994)
 * Member of the Nationalrat (1994-1995 and in 1996)
 * Member of the European Parliament (1995-2009)
 * ÖVP Head of Delegation (1995-1996)
 * Vice-Chairman, Group of the European People's Party, European Parliament (1996-1999)
 * Vice-Chairman, EPP-ED Group, European Parliament
 * Member, Convention for drafting a European Charter of Fundamental Human Rights (1999-2000)
 * Member, Convention on the Future of Europe (2002-2003)
 * Member, Austria Convention (since 2003

title: Reinhard Rack


text:
Talk:List of Irish historians

Untitled
This is another of my on-going articles. Please feel free to add. Fergananim

References are needed for this article
The redlinks need references or referenced articles of their own, otherwise they should be removed. I'm placing the information here first of all because it's a list article, but will tag the article shortly if there is no improvement. Hohenloh + 22:40, 16 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Removing the redlinks. Hohenloh + 01:18, 11 May 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Irish historians


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Junta of National Reconstruction

The Junta of National Reconstruction (Junta de Gobierno de Reconstrucción Nacional) was the provisional government of Nicaragua from the fall of the Somoza dictatorship in July 1979 until January 1985, with the election of Sandinista National Liberation Front’s Daniel Ortega as president.

Overview
The Sandinista rebels announced the Junta as its provisional government on June 16, 1979, as the civil war against Anastasio Somoza Debayle entered its final phase. It was composed of five members: a member of the FSLN directorate, Daniel Ortega, two left-wing activists, Sergio Ramírez and Moisés Hassan Morales, and two right-wing representatives, Alfonso Robelo and Violeta Barrios de Chamorro.

In the first half of July, United States government envoy William Bowdler pressured the Sandinistas to broaden the junta by adding more members, such as Adolfo Calero, Ismael Reyes, and Mariano Fiallos.

After the fall of Somoza, it quickly became apparent to Robelo and Chamorro that they did not have any real power and Chamorro resigned on April 19, 1980, followed by Robelo three days later. On May 18, they were replaced by Arturo Cruz and Rafael Córdova Rivas. Cruz would resign in March 1981, though he agreed for a time to be ambassador to the United States.

On March 4, Cruz's appointment to Washington was announced, together with Hassan's departure for the Council of State and Ortega's promotion to Coordinator of the now three-member junta. While the junta may have offered little authority to its non-Sandinista members, the public role did help to solidify Ortega's primacy within the FSLN directorate and enhance Ramírez's prominence.

On November 4, 1984, a presidential election was held, which was won by leading junta member and revolutionary Daniel Ortega and his running mate, Sergio Ramírez as vice president. However, some opposition parties boycotted it, claiming unfair conditions. While the Reagan administration and many mainstream United States media outlets alleged the election would be neither free nor fair, numerous electoral watchers affiliated with Western European governments, as well as United States non-governmental organizations, declared the results legitimate. Ortega took office on January 10, 1985, and the junta was dissolved.

title: Junta of National Reconstruction