text:
Talk:Legionaries of Christ

Today's citations
As per my edit summary, I dismissed one citation because it was a not reliable source as it was a letters to an editor type page or column. The first one, which I reformatted to stay on the article, is subject to interpretation. The founder of this order was quoted in the article as saying $20 million was too much to pay. Ergo, you can imply that money (perhaps the $26 asked for that appears in the article prior to today's citation) was asked for and denied. If the amount was denied as per the priest's words, then silence has yet been paid for. It's a split of hairs but I think another editor should change the statement to read:

 * at least $20 million has been asked for and denied. That would be more correct and attributable to this article. Since I closed the edit to properly format the citation and these are my words, I will not make that edit but would advise another regular editor to make that change. --Morenooso (talk) 00:45, 12 March 2010 (UTC)

POV deletions and edits continue to plague this article
Controversial deletions and additions are continuing to be made to this article. Today's edit destroyed the article; was not properly cited and came from a source that can not be seen either as a reliable source or neutral point of view which made this a controversial edit. Controversial edits should be discussed prior on the article talkpage. Proper citeable source (read reliable sources) should be found and editors should learn how to edit without deleting properly cited material.

Yes, there are two sides to this article but all edits must be properly cited and not violate POV otherwise consensus is not present. --Morenooso (talk) 19:18, 14 March 2010 (UTC)

 * I've just added a citation to the Legion's own web site in which they acknowledge as factual his sexual abuse, and in which they say "given the gravity of his faults, we cannot take his person as a model of Christian or priestly life." When the order itself says its founder isn't a model for a good life, that seems reasonably authoritative. --- OtherDave (talk) 03:30, 28 March 2010 (UTC)

I've noticed that this text has been re-articulated to distance the congregation from the founder's actions, and omits its own controversial manner of dealing with the allegations. While nothing was specifically untrue, the statement that the Legion condemned his behavior suggests that it did not for years ignore his accusers and defend his character, nor does it let on that the Legion maintained an internal cult of reverence for him years after superiors had become aware the accusations were true. --- UPGroupRC 7:11, 26 May, 2015 — Preceding unsigned comment added by UPGroupRC (talk • contribs) 23:12, 26 May 2015 (UTC)

translation please ("charism"??)
For the benefit of those not already familiar with Catholic dogma and argot, could material like this: ...Legionaries' special affection for the Pope, who is supported in his charism of primacy and magisterium.... please be translated into plain English? Thank you. 72.229.55.245 (talk) 03:43, 13 April 2010 (UTC)

 * "Charism" means precisely "divine gift". --71.146.7.39 (talk) 06:29, 3 May 2010 (UTC)

 * As the article on charism suggests, the implication is that the Pope has received certain gifts, attributes, or abilities from God. Primacy here would mean he is the head of the universal church.  Magisterium refers to the teaching authority of the bishops led by the pope.  So one reading of the sentence is: "The Legionaries have a special regard for the pope and believe that God has made him head of the church and given him leadership of its teaching authority."
 * Charism has another sense, that of the particular mission of a religious order--a teaching order's charism is different from a missionary order's. The Legion's charism, according to the article, is "to attend to the spiritual needs of the members of their lay branch, Regnum Christi."
 * This article overall has such a reverent (or fawning) tone that I'd have a hard time trying to calm it down. --- OtherDave (talk) 11:49, 28 May 2010 (UTC)

 * The dumbing down os more suited for the Simple English wikipedia. I suggest you check that project. Technical terms are to be kept in place for the regular wikipedia as they have specific historical and dogmatic meanings. For the record, I am an atheist. --181.26.41.141 (talk) 03:25, 27 January 2021 (UTC)

Reordering
I noticed some things were repeated (such as the apostolic visitation and the naming of Card. De Paolis) so I starting fixing it up. At the same time, I realized that the ordering of the article could be more logical. This shoudl make it clearer and avoid similar duplications in the future. Maybe someone can find an even better order. MPSchneiderLC 14:49, 1 December 2011 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by MPSchneiderLC (talk • contribs)

Family Visits
I summarized the blockquote about when High School seminarians can visit home. Two Reasons: 1. that degree of detail there is disproportionate for thwe scope of the article, and 2. the precise norms have changed. MPSchneiderLC 16:20, 27 September 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by MPSchneiderLC (talk • contribs)

Constitutions are Reliable
The Constitutions of the Legion are a reliable source since they form the fundament of legionary life. However they are not available online except in unreliable manners and most printed copies are in the possession of the Legionaries themselves. I can double check, often from memory if anyone has doubts about a specific number saying a certain thing. >> Jesus Loves You! M.P.Schneider,LC (parlemus • feci) 12:55, 21 October 2012 (UTC)

NPOV and 90.222.180.231
90.222.180.231 made many useful edits. However a few were a without sources, opinion (agains NPOV), or lacked understanding of details. I will explain my revisions in order. 1. Rite (cermony or order) not Right (correct, the side oposite left) is used in the Church to describe different religious communities. 2. Accroding to Canon law if one is neither religious nor cleric one is a lay person so the consecrated men and women are lay. 3. "Maximum influence" was unsourced and tends to be opinion / POV unless a reliable source can be found. 4. Since Maciel is clearly defined as the founder in the first paragraph and again in the section about him adding the appositive "LEgion founder" elsewhere seems unnecessary. 5. The private vow was repealed after Maciel was removed from ministry (and many sources could be cited to make this connection) however making further claims in this regard is original research if not sourced. 6. statign"officialy" before "for health reasons" would be opinion (and here rather doubtful given 2 months later the person started cancer treatment. 7. De Paolis is not taking over (he is to approve the decissions of superiors not make the decission). >> M.P.Schneider,LC (parlemus • feci) 19:47, 7 July 2013 (UTC)

Organisation and structure
Regnum Christi is not a branch of the Legion. Nor is Regnum Christi a lay movement. Nor are there lay brothers in the Legion. Nor is the primary apostolate of the Legion the spiritual care of members of Regnum Christi. I have corrected some of these errors (which were not, in any case, borne out by the source references), but more needs to be done. By me, if by no-one else. Ridiculus mus (talk) 08:56, 10 December 2013 (UTC)
 * When the Regnum Christi statutes were first approved in 2004, they were approved as "the primary apostolate of the Legion." Since then, things have changed and the 2012 charism document lays out the groundwork for the meetings going on right now (Google "Legion of CHrist General Chapter" and "Regnum Christi General Assembly") which will give definitive shape to this relationship. Obviously there are no lay brothers in the Legion (I did not think they were indicated everywhere). However, I doubt where you can argue that Regnum Christi is not a lay movement - it defines itself as such and is referred to by others as one. I agree that the definition of lay movement is still very nebulous and should be clarified. >> M.P.Schneider,LC (parlemus • feci) 22:20, 22 January 2014 (UTC)

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Bishop's heart attack
We do know a bishop died of a heart attack on a certain day not long after speaking with Marcial Maciel. We do know one person (the only one who would have likely overheard it) says their discussion was heated. This is sufficiently relevant for the page on him but is not sufficiently relevant for the page on the Legion as 1. the connection is tenuous not direct, 2. there is only a single source, 3. the consensus has been remove as multiple people have removed it but recent additions were by IP so possibly the same person, and 4. it has little to do with the Legion's history not just Maciel's life. >> M.P.Schneider,LC (parlemus • feci) 13:43, 2 September 2017 (UTC)

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Page should be renamed
The actual name is Legionaries of Christ. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Enoughtalk (talk • contribs) 08:36, 29 April 2020 (UTC) --Enoughtalk (talk) 08:45, 6 May 2020 (UTC)

 * I Concur. Historically it has gone by both but the formal name is Legionaries. >> M.P.Schneider,LC (parlemus • feci) 22:16, 13 May 2020 (UTC)

 * Done.>> M.P.Schneider,LC (parlemus • feci) 22:21, 13 May 2020 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Legionaries of Christ
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Legionaries of Christ's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "cna": From Marcial Maciel: "Fr. Maciel guilty, 'profound' revision of Legion needed, report Apostolic Visitors", Catholic News Agency, May 1, 2010 From Edwin Frederick O'Brien:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 09:19, 19 August 2021 (UTC)

Two categories for the same stuff?
I noticed this article has two categories attached, one called “Legionaries of Christ” and one called “Legion of Christ”. Should we merge them? If so, which should we merge into the other. Legion of Christ is the “common name” while Legionaries of Christ is the article name. TheAmericanWarlord (talk) 16:48, 29 March 2022 (UTC)

POV problem with Ethos section
This section presents numerous claims with the semblence of fact. It needs to be rewritten to indicate who is making this claims and establish neutrality. Rogermx (talk) 21:31, 6 April 2022 (UTC)

Leader title
I'm seeing sources use the terms "superior general", "director general", and "general director" interchangeably. This article should be consistent, but I'm not sure which one is best. Superior general is traditional for Catholic religious orders. Daask (talk) 22:42, 19 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Legionaries of Christ


text:
Charles Richard Crane

Charles Richard Crane (August 7, 1858 – February 15, 1939) was a wealthy American businessman, heir to a large industrial fortune and connoisseur of Arab culture, a noted Arabist. His widespread business interests gave him entree into domestic and international political affairs where he enjoyed privileged  access to many influential power brokers at the top levels of government. His special arena of interest was Eastern Europe and the Middle East.

Biography and diplomatic activity
Crane was the eldest son of plumbing parts mogul, Chicago manufacturer, Richard T. Crane. As a young man, Crane traveled extensively with his friend Charles B. Cory, a leading ornithologist whom Crane had met while visiting Boston. Crane and Cory shared an interest in baseball, and from 1888 to 1892, the pair funded and played on the Hyannis town team in what is now the Cape Cod Baseball League. At Cory and Crane's expense, various well-known professional and amateur players were brought in to play alongside the Hyannis locals. When Cory lost his family's fortune in 1906, Crane purchased Cory's vast collection of bird specimens and donated it to Chicago's Field Museum of Natural History with the stipulation that the museum would employ Cory as permanent curator of the collection.

In the 1900s, he brought Thomas Masaryk, Maksim Kovalevsky and Pavel Milyukov to lecture at the University of Chicago. After meeting Masaryk, he became interested in Slavic nationalism and sponsored The Slav Epic paintings by Alphonse Mucha When Mucha designed the Czechoslovak bills, he used a previous portrait of Josephine Crane Bradley as Slavia for the 100 koruna bill.

President William Howard Taft appointed Crane minister to China on July 16, 1909, but on the eve of his departure to his post on October 4, 1909, he was recalled to Washington and forced to resign under pressure by US Secretary of State Philander C. Knox, who held him responsible for the publication in a Chicago newspaper of the US government's objections to two recent treaties between Japan and China.

Crane contributed heavily to Woodrow Wilson's 1912 election campaign. Wilson rewarded Crane with appointments to the 1917 Special Diplomatic Commission to Russia, known as the Root Commission, as a member of the American Section of the Paris Peace Conference, and to the 1919 Inter-Allied Commission on Mandates in Turkey that became known as the King-Crane Commission. While the commission was originally proposed by the US to develop an international consensus on the future make up and status of postwar Middle East nations, the commission quickly became a US-only sponsored effort. With the appointment of Crane as co-head of the commission, it set about to issue a report to inform US policy makers. In respect to the creation of a Jewish state in the Middle East, the report cautioned "Not only you as president but the American people as a whole should realize that if the American government decided to support the establishment of a Jewish state in Palestine, they are committing the American people to the use of force in that area, since only by force can a Jewish state in Palestine be established or maintained." Crane opposed the establishment of a Jewish state in the Middle East. He was a passionate spokesman for the independence of the Arab states.

From May and June 1918 he helped Tomas Masaryk meet with President Wilson to negotiate support for Czechoslovak legions in Russia and for the founding of a new independent Czechoslovak state.

Crane was appointed United States Ambassador to China by President Wilson and served from March 22, 1920, to July 2, 1921.

In 1925 Crane founded the New York-based Institute of Current World Affairs. The institute employed field representatives in Mexico, Jerusalem, and occasionally Moscow. These representatives compiled regular reports on developments in their regions, and shared their expertise during ICWA-sponsored lecture tours of major US universities. The reports were also made available to the US State Department.

In 1931, Crane helped finance the first explorations for oil in Saudi Arabia and Yemen. He was instrumental in gaining the American oil concession there.

He was also a member of the famous Jekyll Island Club (aka The Millionaires Club) on Jekyll Island, Georgia.

His son, Richard Teller Crane II, was a diplomat.

Harvard/Danilov Bells
In the wake of the Bolshevik revolution in Russia, Crane was instrumental in rescuing from destruction some of the most important Russian bells, from the Danilov monastery. When the Communists closed the monastery in 1929, the Danilov bell set was saved from Communist melting by Crane's purchase of the bells. The largest of the bells, Bolshoi (or The Big One - called The Mother Earth Bell at Harvard), weighs 13 tons and has a 700-pound clapper. The smallest weighs just 22 pounds. Crane donated the bells to Harvard University and they were installed in the main tower of Harvard's Lowell House and at Harvard Business School's Baker Library, where they safely remained for over 70 years. Beginning in the 1980s, with openness under Gorbachev, there were calls to return the bells, and after numerous meetings over the years, the bells were returned to the Russian Orthodox Church and the Danilov monastery in 2008.

Allegations of Anti-Semitism
When Franklin Roosevelt appointed William E. Dodd American ambassador to Germany in 1933, Crane wrote Dodd a letter of congratulation that told him:

"The Jews, after winning the war, galloping along at a swift pace, getting Russia, England and Palestine, being caught in the act of trying to seize Germany, too, and meeting their first real rebuff, have gone plumb crazy and are deluging the world—particularly easy America—with anti-German propaganda. I strongly advise you to resist every social invitation."

According to Larson, at a dinner, Ambassador Dodd heard Crane express admiration for Hitler and learned that Crane also had no objection to how the Nazis were treating Germany's Jews, telling Dodd: "Let Hitler have his way."

In his biography of Crane, Norman E. Saul notes that he maintained relationships with prominent Jews such as Louis Brandeis and Lillian Wald and suggests that his “vague but open” anti-Semitism was not uncommon among Anglo-Saxons of his time. Saul notes that his admiration of Hitler left, in retrospect, the most damaging legacy to his reputation.

Death and legacy
On February 15, 1939, Crane died of influenza in his Winter home in Palm Springs, California.

On April 24, 2006, Crane's art collection was sold at Christie's auction house.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Charles Richard Crane


text:
East Oakland, Oakland, California

East Oakland is a geographical region of Oakland, California, United States, that stretches between Lake Merritt in the northwest and San Leandro in the southeast. As the southeastern portion of the city, East Oakland takes up the largest portion of the city's land area.

The area is a major hub of Northern California's black community, with over 50% of East Oakland's inhabitants being black. According to figures from a 2000 U.S. Census, over 87,000 people reside in the East Oakland area.

Geography
East Oakland stretches between Lake Merritt in the northwest and San Leandro in the southeast. It generally has a diagonal layout. East Oakland has numbered avenues (1st to 109th) that run northeast to southwest, and numbered streets (East 7th to East 38th) that run northwest to southeast. Interstates 580 and 880 also run northwest to southeast. Main northwest–southeast thoroughfares include East 14th Street (renamed International Blvd. in 1996 within the city of Oakland only), MacArthur Blvd., Foothill Blvd., Bancroft Avenue, and San Leandro Street (being the main one for commercial vehicles). Main northeast-southwest thoroughfares include Fruitvale Ave., 35th Ave., High St., Seminary Ave., 73rd Ave. (which becomes Hegenberger Road south of International Blvd. to Oakland International Airport), and 98th Ave. East Oakland is home to Holy Names University, Mills College, the Oakland Zoo, the Oakland Coliseum and Oakland Arena.

History
East Oakland is a section of Oakland that has experienced many changes to its population as the West attracted immigrants in search of employment. Oakland was declared a city in 1852 where it was prominently populated by people who made it to the west during the Gold Rush. The dominant races that had relocated to the East Bay during the late 1840s were Caucasian, Chinese, Mexican, and African American.

East Oakland Culture-Early 1900s
By 1910, Oakland had the largest African American population in the East Bay because it tripled in the previous decade as a result of fires and earthquakes in the surrounding areas. Despite the new influx of African Americans, the East Oakland hills were known as “the Bible Belt” because of the white, Protestant community that occupied those houses. This area supported the Ku Klux Klan which shows that even in the East Bay there was racial tension and segregation. In the 1920s, East Oakland was restricted from ethnic minorities unless they worked as servants for whites. Those who did not work as servants were hit by the Great Depression in the late 1920s and early 1930s which caused employment to drop by 41 percent in three years.

Surrounding Roads
In the 19th century, the Oakland-San Leandro Road was a county road connecting Oakland with San Leandro. Along this road, small settlements developed such as Melrose, Elmhurst and Fitchburg. All these were annexed by the city of Oakland after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. After annexation, the Oakland-San Leandro Road was renamed East 14th Street which lasted for most of the 20th century, until it was renamed International Blvd. Both Foothill Boulevard and MacArthur Boulevard, which run through the heart of East Oakland, were a part of the Lincoln Highway, the first transcontinental highway, from 1913 until 1927.

Post WWII
In the spring of 1943, there was an increase of immigrants to the Bay Area as a result of World War II; this time is called “the Second Gold Rush”. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, the US government invested large sums of money on defense which created new jobs and opportunities on the coast and in the bay specifically. Because this was shortly after the great depression, many people were unemployed and looking for work, which was in abundance in the Oakland shipyard. Rather than an influx of whites, the new rush caused a surge of racial minorities which caused a restructuring of the demographics in the area. With the increase of workers, a housing crisis soon followed. In the city, there was push back from the Apartment House Owners Association and the Real Estate Board to build more housing so there were only five hundred public housing units built which also resulted in the destruction of other temporary housing units which displaced a large number of immigrants who had been living in them. Immigrants were forced to live in overcrowded quarters and even started sleeping on the streets because the housing that was being built was reserved for whites so minorities were pushed out of the city and forced to relocate to the outskirts of East Oakland. With the redistribution of living, this area, known as Brooklyn (until it was also annexed by the city in 1909) became the backbone of Oakland's African American community and caused an exodus of more prosperous whites to suburbs south and east of the city, such as San Leandro, Hayward and Walnut Creek.

Creation of the freeway
In the 1950s and 1960s, most areas of East Oakland still remained predominantly White. In 1962 construction began on the MacArthur Freeway (580) and providing an alternative route to the Nimitz Freeway. Although some Blacks were displaced when the right of way was cleared, most of the right of way through predominantly White neighborhoods.

Lack of property taxes
In 1969 the Economic Development Administration (EDA) declared that they would no longer fund large businesses or facilities but rather focus on creating jobs for the unemployed and poor, which in Oakland meant the ethnic minorities. A few years later, in 1978, California passes Proposition 13 which limited the addition of new or increased property taxes and protected property owners against inflation driven increases in assessed valuation. When the property sold the assessed value could be increased to market value. Some have argued that this disadvantaged Blacks seeking to buy property if property values had increased. Some have also argued, post hoc propter hoc, that this somehow caused property values to decline as Whites moved out and Blacks moved in.

If home prices declined as Whites departed, then Blacks buying those houses, had the benefit of the lower prices, and going forward would pay less in taxes than if prices had not dropped. By the late 1960s buyers in East Oakland were taking advantage of several  government backed loan programs to purchase houses. These programs had reduced rates or reduced qualifications, enabling people to buy homes who may not have qualified for conventional financing.

Those arguing that this was all to the disadvantage of Blacks, are those who advocate using property taxes to pay for programs specifically aimed at the Black population. An argument that continues to be made by local and state politicians. .

[''The following paragraph reflects political and social ideas but not objective history. It nicely captures the circular reasoning that pervades Oakland politics and city programs to this day. Poor Blacks are pushed out of the downtown to live in the "underserved" East Oakland formerly occupied by working- and middle-class Whites. This narrative confuses Blacks displaced from West Oakland and later by BART construction, with the small population of Blacks living in downtown Oakland, which was a commercial area'',]The mayor at the time, Lionel Wilson, who was the first African American mayor, elected the year prior in 1977, combatted the regulation on property taxes by using many public resources to create investment in downtown Oakland which increased the cost of living in the city and pushed more poor and marginalized populations to surrounding areas such as East Oakland. This is one example of gentrification that has occurred in the city and makes the cost of living higher in the city so the original residents are forced to relocate to the poor, underserved surrounding areas.

With the new availability of jobs created by the EDA, between 1990 and 2000 more Latino and Asian (primarily Cambodian, Lao, and Chinese) immigrants moved to Oakland and specifically Central East Oakland because of how cheap the cost of living was compared to the city. A census on overcrowding showed an increase from 17 to 27 percent because of the new people who moved there. The majority of the new immigrants were Chicano/Latino who had a growth between 150 and 400 percent in that decade. That same time saw a decline in the African American population between 17 and 31 percent.

Demographics
Fruitvale has become the backbone of Oakland's Latino community, in which East Oakland had a rapid increase of 132% of Latinos between 1990 and 2000. Latinos make up 38% of the population of East Oakland. There is also a diverse Asian population, including Chinese, Vietnamese, Lao, and other southeast Asian ethnic groups generally inhabit the area of East Oakland closest to downtown, from Chinatown east to San Antonio. Asians make up smaller percentage of only 4% of the population, but between 1990 and 2000 saw an increase of 13%. Between 1990 and 2000 both the white and black population of East Oakland saw a decrease in their populations by 24% and 16% respectively. Nonetheless, African Americans predominate in East Oakland, where they represent over 54% of East Oakland's residents. The deep east side has a population of roughly 15,000 residents and is 63% African American thus maintaining the highest concentration of African Americans in Northern California and the highest concentration of African Americans in California outside of Los Angeles. The Foothill Square neighborhood in East Oakland, located off of MacArthur Blvd., has the highest concentration of African American residents of any Oakland neighborhood, at 75.4%. Though the population of whites had decreased, they still made up 4% of the population.

With the increase of the population between 1990 and 2000 the number of households in the area increased by 3.4%. The residents work in all kinds of job areas including service, sales, transportation, construction, and even management and professional positions while 9.1% of the population is unemployed. For the whites who stayed, it was often because they were too poor to relocate and saw an unemployment rate of 30%. In dominantly African American neighborhoods, such as Central East Oakland, between 40-70% of the population were without high school diplomas. The Latino population had 50-70% without high school diplomas and 5% with college degrees. Asians saw a smaller amount of the population without education with 39.3% without high school diplomas and 22.8% with bachelor's degrees.

Culture
East Oakland, together with West Oakland and portions of North Oakland, is a hub for Northern California's African American community. Hip hop culture is associated with East Oakland. It is known within the hip hop community as "Oaktown", "O-Town" (old school names), or currently, "The Town". A number of East Bay rappers and singers such as Raphael Saadiq, Keak da Sneak, Dru Down, Too Short, Digital Underground, MC Hammer, Luniz, Hieroglyphics, Keyshia Cole, Philthy Rich, Db tha General, Shady Nate, and Bobby Brackins originated there. The prostitution, violence and drug culture of the region spawned a new subgenre of hip hop by the late 1980s. Rappers like Too Short incorporated drugs, violence, prostitution and gang life into their music, in sharp contrast to much of the East Coast hip hop of the day. Too Short was also one of the first rap artists to promote and sell records independently and is one of the pioneers responsible for the birth of Northern California's independent hip hop scene; leading other artists to pursue success in the music industry without the assistance of a major record company. The sound of the music was different from East Coast hip hop, which is known for its technique of sampling and looping to create a song. Instead, funk and blues were infused with synthesizers and drum machines, giving birth to the Bay Area hip hop sound known as Mobb music. Today, mainstream hip-hop continues to lyrically and musically incorporate much of what was pioneered in East Oakland.

Elmhurst
Elmhurst was originally a separate town, it was annexed by Oakland in 1909, and today is considered part of East Oakland. Although it was historically a white working-class neighborhood, it became predominantly African American after World War II, and today, Latinos now form about half of Elmhurst's population. Elmhurst was the site of one of the large carbarns for the Key System's streetcars, the Elmhurst Carhouse. Chevrolet opened an auto assembly plant in Elmhurst in 1915, which shut down in the 1960s.

Brookfield Village
Located near the Oakland International Airport. The main streets are 98th Avenue and Edes Avenue. The Brookfield District is located from 85th Avenue to 98th Avenue. Brookfield Village stops at the Union Pacific (formerly Southern Pacific) train tracks after Railroad Avenue. Brookfield Village was built during the early 1900s. It later had a home-building boom during World War II in response to the influx of workers needed for the war industries, on land which had been zoned for industrial uses. In the 1990s, the neighborhood held an annual summer get-together called the Never Worry Picnic as a contrast to a crime rate that is 191% higher than the national average.

Fruitvale

 * Dimond District
 * Laurel
 * Peralta Hacienda
 * Jingle Town

Lower Hills District

 * Crocker Highlands
 * Glenview
 * Grass Valley
 * Lakeshore
 * Lincoln Highlands
 * Tuxedo
 * Redwood Heights
 * Crestmont

Central/Deep East Oakland

 * Arcadia Park
 * Arroyo Viejo
 * Blandon/Glenly/Fontaine
 * Brookfield Village
 * Canyon Oaks
 * Castlemont
 * Castlewood/Flintridge
 * Coliseum
 * Columbia Gardens
 * Cox
 * Durant Square
 * Eastmont, Oakland, California, the location of Eastmont Town Center, the last surviving indoor shopping mall in Oakland. Now made into a center for the elderly as well as doctor's offices. And grocery stores and CVS.
 * Eastmont Hills
 * Fairfax District, a distinct business district centered on the intersection of Fairfax Avenue and Foothill Boulevard. The Fairfax Theatre building keynotes the district. Each East Oakland business district historically had its own movie theatre.
 * Fitchburg
 * Foothill Square
 * Frick
 * The Gate
 * Greenridge Drive
 * Havenscourt
 * Hegenberger
 * Highland
 * Iveywood
 * Las Palmas
 * Malcolm Heights
 * Maxwell Park
 * Melrose
 * Mills Gardens
 * Millsmont
 * Monte Vista Villas
 * Lockwood Gardens
 * North Stonehurst
 * Oak Knoll
 * Ridgemont
 * San Antonio, which includes smaller neighborhoods such as The Twomps and Jingletown.
 * Seminary. This neighborhood includes Mills College.
 * Seneca Toler
 * Sequoyah
 * Sequoyah Heights, part of the larger Oak Knoll neighborhood
 * Sobrante Park
 * South Stonehurst
 * Toler Heights
 * Woodland

Life Expectancy
East Oakland experiences a lower life expectancy, relative to nearby neighborhoods like Alameda County, approximating 72 years. Amongst the heavily populated races present within Oakland, Hispanics lead in life expectancy, averaging 82 years. African Americans and Whites typically average 67–68 years within Oakland, while Asians live nearly 78 years. Conversely, there is a high all-cause mortality rate amongst the East Oakland community, leading in cancer, stroke, heart disease, and homicide death rates. It is found that communities and families of lower socioeconomic status typically experience higher mortality rates and lower survival rates compared to those from higher socioeconomic status.

Health Conditions
East Oakland displays a significantly higher rate of common health conditions, with residents cumulatively experiencing 32% obesity, compared to 21% amongst all of California. Nearly 32% of adults in the community is at fair or poor health, relative to Alameda County's 15% and California's 16%. Similar patterns are also prevalent in children ages 0–17, with approximately 48% of children diagnosed with obesity, compared to 29% within the state of California. 13% of children in East Oakland also experience fair or poor health, a rate much higher than that of California (7%) or Alameda County (5%). Amongst older adults, due to increases in disabilities (accounting for 42% of disabilities), there is a greater onset of chronic diseases, accounting for 64% of deaths primarily in cancer, heart diseases, Alzheimer's, stroke, and respiratory diseases. As an effort to improve these existing conditions, East Oakland has become one of 14 different site across the state of California to participate in a 10-year comprehensive community initiative dedicated to improving and supporting a healthy community through active collaborations among youths, residents, and community partners within three Action Teams: Health Happens in Schools, Health Happens in Neighborhoods and Health Happens through Culture, Arts, Storytelling & Healing.

Healthcare Access
Adults in East Oakland are more likely to visit emergency rooms than go to doctor's visits within the past year than many other counties in the Bay Area and in the entire state of California. In 2012, 35% of the community did not meet with their doctor, resulting in approximately 30% of residents taking advantage of the emergency room, relative to 13% in Alameda County and 18% in all of California. Amongst all ER visits, Blacks and Hispanics had the most frequent visits in 2011, with four times more visits compared to whites and Asian/Pacific Islanders. Furthermore, even when having healthcare coverage, Blacks continue to be the highest users of the emergency department, with 15% enrolled in governmental programs whilst consisting of 43% of frequent ER users. Amongst elderly adults, rising numbers in disabilities have resulted in increased hospital emergency visits. Heart disease, leading in chronic diseases amongst elders, accounts for over 19,500 hospitalizations each year. However, racial, linguistic, cultural, and cost barriers continue to influence level of access amongst the population.

Healthcare Coverage
East Oakland ranks amongst the lowest communities to provide healthcare coverage to adults and children. 52% of adults and 40% of children remain insured by private insurance companies, compared to 61% and 57% coverage throughout the state of California. East Oakland residents are one of the higher users of governmental health programs like Medi-Cal and Medicare, covering 27% of adults and 58% of children in the population, almost 30% higher than that of California. In the elderly population, 98% of older adults within the entire Alameda County have health insurance. However, due to rising costs in medical care in recent decades, the California Health Interview Survey observed that 48.5% of adults age 60+ let go of their insurance coverage.

Amongst Hispanics, nearly 74% were enrolled in government health insurance, such as Medi-Cal and Healthy Families. Median income amongst enrolled Hispanic families is $16,800, whereas non-enrolled Hispanics receive a median annual income of $19,200. The average family household enrolled in health insurance amongst Hispanics is approximately 4-6 people.

Food and Liquor Stores
Along with the socioeconomic disparities that people in East Oakland face, is the issue of food scarcity. East Oakland is considered a food desert because of the lack of access to affordable, healthy, fresh food. Some studies have found that food was considered one of the highest priorities and came second to shelter. The participants claim that they knew how to eat healthy and about the importance of a nutritious diet, but the availability and cost of the food outweighed potential health outcomes. The people were more concerned about getting enough food that they would not starve rather than focusing on the nutrition of what they were eating.

With the changes in state funding to housing and the movement of impoverished groups in the 1930s, East Oakland became an area where poorer people lived which also resulted in a major loss of industry as businesses and markets started to close down and relocate to more financially sustainable areas. As time went on, supermarkets and other businesses saw East Oakland as an “undesirable place for residential and commercial investment” so few new stores opened up in place of the ones that left. The smaller commercial stores that did stick around were forced to raise the prices of their food and focus more on selling alcohol and tobacco products to stay afloat. In the flatlands of East Oakland there are only four supermarkets and over 40 liquor stores. Alcohol was easy to sell and made the stores more money, but the number of liquor stores is proportional to the levels of crime in violence in the area. Additionally, the majority of the population of East Oakland are Latinos and African Americans, both groups who have higher predisposition to alcohol-related diseases.

As far as the stores that do sell food, a study by YPAR (Youth Participatory Action Research) 2.0 showed that the most available foods were chips, soda, and candy. Because it is cheap and available, these are the foods that people buy although they have little to no nutritional value and make people at a higher risk for diabetes, obesity, and other health problems. YPAR 2.0 is a method of conducting research done by the youth in the community to try and address the problems they and their families face. By going across East Oakland and classifying it as a food desert and critiquing the limited access to healthy food, they pushed for liquor and corner stores to have fresh produce and nutritious staple foods visible and affordable to the members of the community. As a result, stores responded and started to sell fresh produce from local farmers and receive deliveries twice a week for fresh produce.

Notable residents
A list of notable people who have lived or currently live in East Oakland:
 * Natalia Anciso, artist
 * A-Plus, rapper from hip-hop group Souls of Mischief
 * Jesus Barraza, artist
 * Sway Calloway journalist, producer, radio personality, and rapper
 * Keyshia Cole, singer
 * Mark Curry, actor, comedian, and host
 * Mabel Craft Deering, journalist
 * Sheila E., American Music Award and Grammy Award-winning singer, drummer and percussionist
 * Vester Lee Flanagan, gunman in the deaths of two U.S. journalists
 * MC Hammer, American Music Award and Grammy Award-winning Rap singer, dance artist
 * Kamaiyah, rapper
 * Keak da Sneak, rapper
 * Kreayshawn, rapper
 * Damian Lillard, professional basketball player, Portland Trail Blazers
 * Numskull, rapper from hip-hop duo, The Luniz
 * Phesto, rapper from hip-hop group Souls of Mischief
 * Philthy Rich, rapper
 * Favianna Rodriguez, artist
 * Raphael Saadiq, singer/songwriter and member of Tony! Toni! Toné!
 * Tajai, rapper from hip-hop group Souls of Mischief
 * Too $hort, rapper
 * Lateef the Truthspeaker, rapper
 * V-Nasty, rapper
 * William S. Rice, early 20th-century block print artist
 * D'wayne Wiggins, musician and member of Tony! Toni! Toné!
 * Yukmouth, rapper from hip-hop duo, The Luniz
 * Baba Zumbi, rapper from hip-hop duo, Zion I

title: East Oakland, Oakland, California


text:
Matt Walsh (political commentator)

Matt Walsh (born June 18, 1986) is an American right-wing political activist, author, podcaster, and columnist. He is the host of The Matt Walsh Show podcast and is a columnist for the American conservative website The Daily Wire. He has authored four books and starred in The Daily Wire online documentary film What Is a Woman?.

In 2010, Walsh began his career as a talk radio host for two stations in Delaware, before moving to Kentucky and launching his own website in 2012. He left WLAP in Kentucky when his show was cancelled in December 2013 and joined Blaze Media in 2014. He joined The Daily Wire in 2017, and began hosting The Matt Walsh Show in 2018. Walsh has appeared on several nationally syndicated publications and talk shows.

Walsh opposes transgender rights and has campaigned in opposition to groups providing or encouraging transgender health care, particularly for minors. In 2022, Walsh released Johnny the Walrus, a children's book in which he compared being transgender to pretending to be a walrus, and What Is a Woman?, a documentary film about gender identity in the United States. Walsh has campaigned against several hospitals, comparing the transgender healthcare they provide to child sexual abuse, genital mutilation, and rape.

Career
Walsh began his career as a talk radio co-host of The Matt and Crank Program at WZBH 93.5 FM in Georgetown, Delaware, from early 2010 to August 1, 2011, and then moved to Rehoboth Beach, Delaware, with WGMD 92.7 FM later that month, where he worked for less than a year. In 2012, he moved to Lexington, Kentucky, joining NewsRadio 630 WLAP and launching a website, The Matt Walsh Blog, in which he discussed various issues from a conservative point of view. Walsh announced in December 2013 that he was "leaving radio forever" to focus on blogging after his show was canceled.

Walsh began working for conservative media outlet Blaze Media starting in October 2014. He was also a contributor to HuffPost and began writing for The Daily Wire in October 2017. He has appeared on Tucker Carlson Tonight, The Ingraham Angle, Fox and Friends, Dr. Phil, as well as the podcast The Joe Rogan Experience.

Walsh hosted The Matt Walsh Show on YouTube starting in April 2018 on weekdays; it is an hour in length. According to Walsh, the show made $100,000 per month through advertisement revenue. Walsh announced in April 2023 that the show was being moved to the Daily Wire website after his YouTube channel was demonetized for repeatedly misgendering transgender woman Dylan Mulvaney.

Walsh's work has been supported by J. K. Rowling, Elon Musk, and some Republican legislators. Rowling argued that Walsh's work "exposed" the "incoherence of gender identity."

In 2023, Walsh starred in a Daily Wire comedy film, Lady Ballers, which debuted on December 1, 2023. He portrayed the character of Kris Dilby, a woke beatnik.

Johnny the Walrus
On March 29, 2022, DW Books published Walsh's children's book Johnny the Walrus, which compares being trans to identifying as a walrus.

Former Fox News host Tucker Carlson called the book "hilarious". Conservative news website TheBlaze called the book "an effort to push back against radical gender ideology which defies biological reality". The satirist Andrew Doyle, writing in UnHerd, praised the book for mocking the "indoctrination of the young". LGBTQ Nation denounced the book, calling it "anti-transgender" and a mockery of transgender youth, while PinkNews referred to it as "hateful" and "transphobic". It was listed as the bestselling LGBT+ book on Amazon in December 2021 before Amazon recategorized it to Political and Social Commentary. Walsh called the recategorization "an unconscionable attack on gay rights and a horrific example of homophobia and gay erasure". Target removed the book from its online bookstore on the same day.

What Is a Woman?
Walsh's online documentary film What Is a Woman?, released by The Daily Wire on June 1, 2022, at the beginning of Pride Month, featured Walsh asking the question "what is a woman?" to various people, and arguing for his own views. Walsh had asked the same question in other appearances, including a Dr. Phil show on January 19, 2022, with transgender and non-binary people. On June 14, Walsh published a book based on the documentary, entitled What Is a Woman?: One Man's Journey to Answer the Question of a Generation through DW Books.

The documentary received a divided reception from critics and political commentators. Detractors, such as AJ Erkert of Science-Based Medicine and Erin Rook of LGBTQ Nation, denounced the film as "propaganda", "transphobic lies", and "science denying". Erkert compared the documentary to the antiscience films Vaxxed and Expelled. Conservative commentators, such as Rich Lowry and Rod Dreher, praised the film as "mesmerizing" and "excellent". Dimitrije Vojnov of Radio Television of Serbia said that Walsh could become the American right's equivalent of Michael Moore, and just as biased.

Eventbrite banned screenings of the documentary due to the service not permitting content that promotes "hate, violence, or harassment towards others and/or oneself". Walsh denied that the documentary was hate speech and criticized Eventbrite for permitting the screening of drag shows that allow children in attendance.

In February 2022, Eli Erlick, a transgender activist, alleged that Walsh had invited dozens of people to participate in the documentary under false pretenses. Kataluna Enriquez, Fallon Fox, and other transgender public figures corroborated the account. Walsh created a group called the Gender Unity Project, which the activists said attempted to lure them into participating in the film. The Gender Unity Project's Twitter account and website were taken down shortly after the allegations went public. Erlick claimed there were at least 50 other recruited interviewees, including a 14-year-old transgender girl.

Walsh's What Is a Woman? college tour attracted protests of his appearances for screenings at University of Houston and the University of Wisconsin.

For June Pride Month of 2023, The Daily Wire made What is a Woman? available for free on Twitter. The Daily Wire CEO Jeremy Boreing tweeted that Twitter had canceled a plan to promote the video, reportedly because of misgendering, and said the video was being suppressed. Twitter CEO Elon Musk initially agreed to lift only some restrictions, but after pressure removed all restrictions and personally promoted the video. Chiefs of Twitter's trust and safety division left the company on the same day. The film's tally on Twitter showed more than 62 million views (previously known as impressions ) as of the afternoon of June 2 and 177 million for the week. Walsh called Musk's promotion of the film a "huge win".

Views
Walsh's views have mainly been described as right-wing  and conservative,  but also as far-right. His commentary is sometimes described by media outlets as trolling or provocation. He labels himself a "theocratic fascist" in his Twitter biography, which he said was an ironic response to an opponent using the label as an insult.

Walsh has argued that the trial of Kenosha unrest shooter Kyle Rittenhouse, who was acquitted, was malicious prosecution. He has argued for banning pornography and supports restricting abortion. Walsh has argued that ozone depletion and acid rain were never serious problems, in tweets that Ars Technica described as "willfully ignoring some very well-documented history".

Walsh believes that cannabis should not be legal. He believes that it is more dangerous than alcohol and tobacco, and that it causes violence.

Regarding the casting of Halle Bailey in the live-action version of The Little Mermaid (2023), Walsh said on The Daily Wire, "from a scientific perspective, it doesn't make a lot of sense to have someone with darker skin who lives deep in the ocean," and suggested that the mermaid should be translucent instead. Walsh's commentary was mocked on CNN by digital senior entertainment writer Lisa France, who said "racism is real, unfortunately, and people get so offended". Later, Walsh said that "Translucent rights are human rights". He jokingly called anime "satanic" in an answer to viewers' questions in one of his videos, adding "I have no argument for why it's satanic. It just seems that way to me." He has called multiculturalism a "failed experiment". .

LGBT issues
Walsh is an opponent of the LGBT rights movement and the LGBT community, in particular the transgender rights movement and the idea of being transgender in general.

In February 2021, after a Gallup poll showed a sharp increase of people who identify as LGBT, especially bisexual and transgender, in Generation Z compared to previous generations, Walsh accused "the media, Hollywood, and the school system" of “recruiting” children into the LGBT community. Other commentators quoted by PinkNews argued that Walsh was wrong, attributing the increase to different factors, including an easing of social stigmas among younger people.

Shortly after the Russian invasion of Ukraine began in February 2022, Walsh accused President Joe Biden of feminizing the U.S. military and recruiting lesbians who he said "can't do three pushups", and said that it was "not a coincidence that [Russia's invasion] happened after Biden spent his first year in office focusing primarily on wokeness".

The New York Times columnist Michelle Goldberg argued that Walsh's commentary, as well as that of other right-wing commentators, have caused an increase of anti-LGBT violence and sentiment in the United States. The Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) described Walsh as one of the "peddlers of fear and disinformation about LGBTQ people" in the wake of the Club Q mass shooting in November 2022. Walsh had previously said opposing all-age drag events was like fighting cancer, and "just like cancer, stopping it is not a gentle or a painless process". Following the shooting, Walsh lambasted critics of his rhetoric as "soulless demons" and "evil to the core", accusing them of using the shooting to "blackmail us into accepting the castration and sexualization of children". He also rhetorically asked those on the left who felt that "the drag queen-child combination" would lead to "violent backlash" from right-wingers, "if it's causing this much chaos and violence, why do you insist on continuing to do it?" Jeet Heer from The Nation described Walsh's comments, along with those of a few other right-wing figures, as "implicitly a threat," saying, "The right is trying to create a new lynching culture, with LGBTQ people as the target."

In April 2023, Walsh defended Uganda's anti-homosexuality bill, arguing that LGBTQ rights in Africa were a form of neocolonialism. The bill would enforce life in prison for anybody identifying as gay or bisexual. Walsh argued that opponents to the bill "don't think that Uganda has any particular right to govern itself and have its own culture and its own way of life."

Transgender issues
Walsh has repeatedly opposed the transgender community and "gender ideology", notably with his children's book Johnny the Walrus, his documentary What Is a Woman?, and campaigns involving hospitals and schools. Walsh and his campaigns are sometimes described as anti-trans and transphobic. Progressive magazine The New Republic named Walsh "Transphobe of the Year" in 2022, saying he "has made a name for himself by demonizing medical professionals and pushing conspiracy theories about 'grooming' and pedophilia in the LGBTQ community". Walsh has referred to being transgender as a "delusion" and a "mental illness". He has also argued that transgender people cannot "defend the logic of trans ideology" and that they have "embarked on a campaign to restructure all of human society". Walsh argues that biological sex is what determines if someone is a man or a woman. He has said that "I truly see the fight against gender ideology as the last stand for Western civilization ... Because if the sane side loses this, it's over."

Walsh has compared giving hormone treatments and gender-affirming surgery for transgender youth to "being sexually violated in a way that is just as depraved or damaging as molestation or rape". In May 2021, Walsh called doctors who perform gender-affirming surgeries for transgender youth "Nazi scientist-evil", "pedophiles", and "plastic surgeons basically acting like Leatherface from The Texas Chain Saw Massacre". Walsh's views are in opposition to the stance of leading American medical groups, which have established guidelines to treat transgender youth; those groups and some research say that denying such care can lead to higher rates of suicide and other mental health issues. He has also referred to these surgeries as "castration".

Walsh rented an apartment in Virginia for one day in 2021 to qualify to speak out against the Loudoun County School Board for allowing transgender students the use of restrooms matching their gender identity. During his speech, which he later featured in his film What Is a Woman?, Walsh said: "You are all child abusers. You prey upon impressionable children and indoctrinate them into your insane ideological cult, a cult which holds many fanatical views but none so deranged as the idea that boys are girls and girls are boys."

In January 2022, Twitter suspended Walsh's account for 12 hours for tweets it deemed as hateful content against transgender people. In October 2022, Walsh encouraged his followers to misgender transgender people, writing that "we have made huge strides against the trans agenda", and that the acquisition of Twitter by Elon Musk, which he called "the liberation of Twitter", will allow them to "ramp up our efforts even more".

In November 2022, Walsh was challenged as a guest on the podcast The Joe Rogan Experience for suggesting that "maybe millions of kids" had been put onto puberty blockers. Producer Jamie Vernon interjected and stated that only 4,780 children had been put on puberty blockers within the past five years. Walsh lowered his guess to "hundreds of thousands" and said he "could be wrong", adding, "who are you gonna trust when they're telling you the numbers?"

Campaign against Eli Erlick
In August 2022, Walsh accused transgender activist Eli Erlick of being a "confessed drug dealer" targeting children because of a deleted Instagram post in which she proposed sending surplus hormone therapy prescriptions—including hundreds of doses of testosterone, estradiol, and spironolactone—to transgender youth for free within states attempting to criminalize transgender healthcare for minors. Walsh reported her to the University of California, Santa Cruz, where she was a PhD candidate. When the university did not respond to Walsh's report within a day, he said it was "time to escalate" and shared the contact information of various leaders of the university, while threatening to further escalate to the Board of Trustees, the university's donors, and to organize a protest on campus if the university continued to not respond. The university said it "strongly supports transgender members of our community" and "takes allegations of illegal activity seriously, harassment included". Some conservative commentators reported Erlick to the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. Erlick claimed to never face investigation.

Following Walsh's statements Erlick reported harassment on social media, including messages with anti-LGBT slurs and threats of physical violence. Erlick accused Walsh of "profiting from the moral panic over transness", "attacking free speech itself", and stochastic terrorism, which is incitement of violence against a target through mass media with plausible deniability. Walsh denied that his actions constituted stochastic terrorism and argued that sharing public contact information is not harassment.

Campaigns against hospitals providing transgender health care
In 2022, Walsh campaigned against hospitals providing transgender health care for youth. Boston Children's Hospital, one of the hospitals denounced by Walsh and other right-wing figures, reported harassment, death threats, and a hoax bomb threat in August 2022 that led to a woman's arrest in September.

In September 2022, Walsh made accusations against another hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC), and its transgender clinic in Nashville, Tennessee. Walsh said on his show that VUMC doctors "castrate" and "drug and mutilate" children. He said on Twitter that VUMC considered transgender health care a "money-maker", that it threatened "consequences" for medical staff who declined to provide care, and that it tried to "enforce compliance" from hesitant parents of transgender youth. Walsh criticized VUMC's "trans buddies" program and called its patient advocates "trans activists". The New Republic described the accusations by Walsh as "cherry-picking informational content" and noted that Walsh had singled out doctors by name. Tennessee Governor Bill Lee and other Republicans in the state called for an investigation into the hospital. Walsh tweeted about meeting with Tennessee lawmakers on a bill to shut down the clinic. VUMC reported harassment and threats against its staff, and there were calls for murders and arrests of VUMC doctors in far-right groups on Reddit and 4chan. Vanderbilt took down its webpage about the clinic and said that Walsh had "misrepresent[ed] facts about the care" it provides. On October 7, 2022, VUMC announced that it would pause gender-affirming surgeries for minors and review its practices. Since 2018, VUMC provided an average of five such surgeries to minors annually. All patients were over 16-years-old and obtained parental consent. None have received genital surgery.

Walsh spoke at a Nashville rally organized by The Daily Wire called "The Rally to End Child Mutilation" on October 21, 2022, in opposition to transgender health care for minors. The rally, whose headline speakers included Tennessee Republican state senator Jack Johnson and representative William Lamberth, senator Marsha Blackburn, and former congresswoman Tulsi Gabbard, drew between 1,500 and 3,000 people, including supporters and protesters.

Politicians
After South Dakota Governor Kristi Noem permitted businesses to require a COVID-19 vaccine for their employees, Walsh criticized her by writing that she was only considered a frontrunner for the 2024 United States presidential election because of her physical attractiveness. After Noem called his comment misogynistic, Walsh said he had no regrets but would "accept apologies from all of the performative idiots pretending to be offended by it".

When U.S. representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez tweeted photos of her grandmother's house in Puerto Rico that was unrepaired in 2021, four years after Hurricane Maria, and blamed former President Donald Trump for not doing enough to help the recovery, Walsh criticized Ocasio-Cortez for not providing the money herself. He launched a crowdfunding effort to pay for the repairs and raised $100,000 in the first 24 hours, reaching the set goal of $48,990, but the grandmother refused the funds and GoFundMe shut the effort down after raising $104,000, with all of the money being returned to the donors. Ocasio-Cortez responded to the criticism by saying, "My abuela (Spanish: "grandmother") is okay ... but instead of only caring for mine & letting others suffer, I'm calling attention to the systemic injustices you seem totally fine [with] in having a US colony."

Walsh criticized Donald Trump in November 2022 for nicknaming Republican Florida governor Ron DeSantis "Ron DeSanctimonious" ahead of the November 2022 midterm elections.

Catholic Church event cancellations
St. Francis Xavier College Church, at Saint Louis University, canceled a speech by Walsh that it had planned to co-host with Young Americans for Freedom in December 2021. The church said it had decided that Walsh's "provocative positions on immigration, on communities of color, on Muslims, and on members of the LGBTQ community" were "in contradiction to Jesus' great commandment to love God and love our neighbor". Walsh subsequently spoke at a different St. Louis venue.

In 2023, the University of San Diego, a private Catholic educational institution, refused Walsh permission to speak on campus, for the reason that they regarded his opinions as "Grossly Offensive".

Personal life
Walsh is a practicing Catholic, and lives in Nashville, Tennessee. He is married to Alissa Ann Walsh (Linnemann), whom he met on eHarmony. They have six children, including two sets of twins. Alissa Walsh has written that she has had seven miscarriages.

Books

 * The Unholy Trinity: Blocking the Left's Assault on Life, Marriage, and Gender. New York: Crown Publishing Group (2017). ISBN 978-0-45149505-1.
 * Church of Cowards: A Wake-Up Call to Complacent Christians. Washington, DC: Regnery Gateway (2020). ISBN 978-1-62157920-5..
 * Johnny the Walrus. Illustrations by K. Reece. Nashville, TN: DW Books (2022). ISBN 978-1-95600705-3.
 * What Is a Woman?: One Man's Journey to Answer the Question of a Generation. Nashville, TN: DW Books (2022). ISBN 978-1-95600700-8..

title: Matt Walsh (political commentator)


text:
Talk:Lexa Doig

Untitled
Hello Everyone!

My name is Ria and I'm a member of the LexaDoig.org Fan Forum. I have made it my mission to let everyone know that the members of this Forum, spearheaded by our moderator, Jessica, are currently working on putting together a site for Lexa's upcoming birthday on June 8.

Anyone wishing to contribute to this site - ie. b-day wishes, art, montages, or even a donation to The Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada in her name - would be more than welcome to do so.

Simply come to the site [www.LexaDoig.org] for more info and the Moderator's (Jessica) email address so that you can send her anything you'd like to contribute. Everyone is welcome to contribute.

***The only thing we ask is that you keep it clean and friendly!***

This is a birthday site, all! Help us make it a great one!!!

Thank You!!!

I added Lexa's appearance on Earth Final Conflict; however, I am drawing a blank for the title of the episode. Does anyone remember ? I also don't remember Lexa as cowgirl on Tekwar.--Tjkphilosofe 11:46, 28 January 2006 (UTC)
 * IMDB has the answers.  The Earth Final Conflict episode was "Abduction", and she was in a 1995 episode of Tekwar called "Cyberhunt".  PKT 18:26, 11 December 2006 (UTC)

"a WASP father of Irish and Scottish descent"
The segment above is a very strange way to state the ethnic background of her father. It also made me laugh, since WASPs are not, by definition, of Irish and Scottish descent.

Name Pronunciation
I've always wondered how her name is pronounced. Can anyone add that info to this page? Thanks! Jedikaiti (talk) 05:46, 18 December 2009 (UTC)

Huh?
This article states: "Lexa Doig dated and then married actor Michael Shanks on August 2, 2003" Man that's a short courtship! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.51.66.32 (talk) 02:24, 25 June 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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I have just modified one external link on Lexa Doig. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070814151615/http://www.mixedfolks.com/aactors2.htm to http://www.mixedfolks.com/aactors2.htm

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title: Talk:Lexa Doig


text:
Coca-Cola with Lime

Coca-Cola with Lime, Diet Coke with Lime, Diet Coke Sublime Lime and Coca-Cola Lime Zero Sugar are variations of the original Coca-Cola, Diet Coke and Coca-Cola Zero Sugar that contain lime flavoring.

Diet Coke with Lime
Diet Coke with Lime (known in some markets as Coca-Cola Light Lime) was announced in January 2004 for a release in the United States. It was sold all the way until 2018, and was replaced with Diet Coke Ginger Lime, a variant with added ginger flavoring, which was sold until 2020. It was also sold in Canada.

The drink was released in the United Kingdom in March 2005. The drink was discontinued in February 2007 alongside Diet Coke With Lemon, in favour of Diet Coke with Citrus Zest, a variant that blended lemon and lime flavors. In February 2020, the drink returned to the United Kingdom as Diet Coke Sublime Lime.

The drink was released in France in 2004, and by 2005 and 2006 had expanded to Belgium, Fiji, the Netherlands and Sweden.

The drink was released in Italy in 2019.

Coca-Cola with Lime
Coca-Cola with Lime was released in the United States and Canada in the first quarter of 2005, before being quietly discontinued in 2006. The decision to market the product was based on popular feedback from consumers in 2004, with the release of Diet Coke with Lime.

The drink was also released as a limited edition in Australia in 2005, but proved quite unpopular with some larger retailers such as Woolworths and Coles, who bought in bulk, having to reduce the price considerably (50c for a 1.25 L bottle compared to around A$2 for all other varieties) in order to clear the product out. It was also made available in Fiji.

The drink saw a limited edition release in the United Kingdom during the 2006 Summer Season, after the success of Coca-Cola with Lemon the year prior, and was available in green bottles. Coca-Cola with Lime was also made available in Singapore for a time.

Coca-Cola with Lime was also available in Denmark and Sweden, but is now discontinued. It was also tested in the Netherlands as a limited summer edition in 2005 and is now not available anymore in that country.

Coca-Cola "Lime" is currently available to buy in Japan as of July 2021, in Romania as of October 2016 (in April 2019 is discontinued and replaced with Coca-Cola Lime Zero), in Poland as of March 2017, in Estonia as of June 2017, in Lithuania as of July 2017, in Russia as of March 2021, in Latvia as of January 2018, and in Austria as of July 2017. The drink was reintroduced into Canada in January 2018, and has also been sold in Belarus

Besides being sold in bottles, Coca-Cola with Lime can also be created in Coca-Cola Freestyle machines.

Coca-Cola Lime Zero Sugar
Coca-Cola Lime Zero Sugar was first released in Romania in 2019, Sweden and Portugal in 2022 and Australia in 2024.

Advertisement
An advertisement of Coca-Cola with Lime first appeared on television during the March 7, 2005 broadcast of American Idol. The advert uses Harry Nilsson's hit song "Coconut" in an edited and slightly altered form with the mondegreen "You put the lime in the Coke, you nut."

title: Coca-Cola with Lime


text:
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Teddy-bear cholla

Teddy-bear cholla

Self-nom of picture I took in Scottsdale, AZ of Teddy-bear Cholla. The ends of the spiny branches of this cactus detach from very little force—a slight brush up against it or even wind can knock them off (as my roommate learned that day much to his chagrin). This closeup illustrates what the fleshy core of the plant looks like, after such a detachment. I can upload a higher resolution version, if preferred. Postdlf 03:24, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

+2 / -5 -- Solipsist 20:55, 12 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Nominate and support. Postdlf 03:24, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Can you upload a larger version? At least twice as big.  The larger, the better.  -- brian0918  ™  03:29, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I just uploaded a larger one—let me know if that's fine. Postdlf 03:34, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. ugen 64 03:48, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Illustrates well, but not FP. Also, if you have more too give, make that resolution even higher, thank you. Jonas Olson 09:50, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. In focus and good color, but it fails to illustrate the plant as a whole. Also, it looks like there's a stem from another plant among the ... what do you call the spines on a cactus? Matthewcieplak 10:54, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose Sorry, but it agree that the pic is far from self-illustrating. Great pic and colors, though. Circeus 23:29, Apr 25, 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose Good pic but not quite a FP IMO --Fir0002 06:16, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I'll try harder next time. Gives me something to shoot for.  ; )  Postdlf 06:20, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. It's a nice picture, and nicely illustrates what the flesh of the plant looks like, but the flesh itself is overexposed in places and the directly end-on view is a little confusing.  A valuable picture; if you keep on taking and submitting stuff like this I'll be delighted. --Andrew 10:32, Apr 28, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Virginia Class

Virginia class may refer to three classes of warship;

 * Virginia-class battleship, a class of pre-Dreadnought battleships
 * Virginia-class cruiser, a class of nuclear-powered cruisers built during the Cold War
 * Virginia-class submarine, a 21st-century class of nuclear-powered attack submarines

title: Virginia Class


text:
West Germany at the 1988 Summer Olympics

West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany) competed at the Olympic Games for the last time as an independent nation at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. Following German reunification in 1990, a single German team would compete in the 1992 Summer Olympics. 347 competitors, 244 men and 103 women, took part in 194 events in 24 sports.

Competitors
The following is the list of number of competitors in the Games.

Archery
In West Germany's fourth archery competition, the six archers were not as successful as the German team had been four years earlier, but nevertheless qualified two individuals for the semifinals and ended up with 6th places in both the women's team and women's individual events.

 * Men

 * Women

Athletics

 * Men
 * Track and road events

 * Field events

 * Combined events – Decathlon

 * Women
 * Track and road events

 * Field events

 * Combined event – Heptathlon

Canoeing

 * Men

 * Women

Cycling
Fifteen cyclists, twelve men and three women, represented West Germany in 1988.

Road

 * Men

 * Women

Track

 * Sprint

 * Time trial

 * Pursuit

 * Points race

Diving

 * Men

 * Women

Fencing

 * Individual
 * Pool stages

 * Elimination phase

 * Team

Football
Key:
 * Summary
 * A.E.T – After extra time.
 * P – Match decided by penalty-shootout.

 * Team roster

 * Group play

 * Quarterfinal

 * Semifinal

 * Bronze medal match

Artistic

 * Men
 * Team

 * Women

Hockey
Key:
 * Summary
 * FT – After full time.
 * P – Match decided by penalty-shootout.

Men's tournament

 * Team roster

 * Christian Schliemann
 * Tobias Frank
 * Horst-Ulrich Hänel
 * Carsten Fischer
 * Andreas Mollandin
 * Ekkhard Schmidt-Opper
 * Dirk Brinkmann
 * Heiner Dopp
 * Stefan Blöcher
 * Andreas Keller
 * Thomas Reck
 * Thomas Brinkmann
 * Hanns-Henning Fastrich
 * Michael Hilgers
 * Volker Fried
 * Michael Metz

 * Group play

 * Semifinal

 * Gold medal match

Women's tournament

 * Team roster

 * Susi Schmid
 * Carola Hoffmann
 * Heike Gehrmann
 * Dagmar Breiken-Bremer
 * Gaby Uhlenbruck
 * Viola Grahl
 * Bettina Blumenberg
 * Gaby Appel
 * Martina Koch-Hallmen
 * Christine Ferneck
 * Silke Wehrmeister
 * Caren Jungjohann
 * Eva Hegener
 * Susie Wollschläger
 * Gabriela Schöwe

 * Group play

 * Classification 5th-8th place

 * 5th place match

Modern pentathlon
Three male pentathletes represented West Germany in 1988.

Rowing

 * Men

 * Women

Sailing

 * Men

 * Women

 * Open

Shooting

 * Men

 * Women

 * Mixed

Swimming

 * Men

 * Women

Synchronized swimming
Three synchronized swimmers represented West Germany in 1988.

Table tennis

 * Men

 * Women

Tennis

 * Men

 * Women

Water polo
Key:
 * Summary
 * FT – After full time.
 * P – Match decided by penalty-shootout.

 * Team roster
 * Peter Röhle
 * Dirk Jacoby
 * Frank Otto
 * Uwe Sterzik
 * Armando Fernández
 * Andreas Ehrl
 * Ingo Borgmann
 * Rainer Osselmann
 * Hagen Stamm
 * Thomas Huber
 * Dirk Theismann
 * René Reimann
 * Werner Obschernikat
 * Head coach: Nicola Firuio

 * Group play

 * Semi-final

 * Bronze medal match

Wrestling

 * Greco-Roman

 * Freestyle


text:
RDR

RDR may refer to:

Entertainment

 * Red Dead, a series of western-themed video game published by Rockstar Games, has included several games with the initials "RDR" including Red Dead Revolver, Red Dead Redemption, and Red Dead Redemption 2.

Military

 * Grand Forks Air Force Base (IATA airport code)
 * Rhodesian Defence Regiment, Rhodesian Security Forces unit
 * Royal Durban Rifles, now the Durban Light Infantry

Organizations

 * Rassemblement Démocratique pour la République, a political party in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
 * Rassemblement Démocratique pour le Rwanda, also known as "Rassemblement Démocratique pour la Retour", an insurgent group in Rwanda
 * Rassemblement des Républicains, a political party in Côte d'Ivoire
 * Rat für deutsche Rechtschreibung (RdR), German-language regulator
 * Retail Distribution Review, a review carried out by the UK Financial Services Authority into the advising of retail investment products

Science and technology

 * Restrictive design rules, a way for a semiconductor fabrication to ensure acceptable yield on its most advanced integrated circuits
 * Ripple down rules, a knowledge acquisition methodology
 * RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, an enzyme for RNA production

Transportation

 * Royal Deeside Railway, a heritage railway in Scotland
 * Radyr railway station (National Rail station code)

Other

 * Registered Diplomate Reporter, a certification offered by the National Court Reporters Association
 * Rangitata Diversion Race, South Island, New Zealand

title: RDR


text:
User:FirstAkir/Project Candlelight

What is Project Candlelight?
Project Candlelight is a sphere project lead by Akir, known here as FirstAkir.

= Goal =

The Goal of Project Candlelight is to make a Shining Force style video game without reusing any Sega or Camelot Software Planning materials. Our job is to make a quality video game that not only matches the Shining Force Series, but excells it.

= Updates =

Right now, I am in the process of deciding weather or not we are going to switch to RPG Development Studio instead of sphere. Sphere is nice and all, but it's too dificult to program for (you ever tried Java? it's hell.). RPGds has a few little graphical ideals that make it interesting. Take for example that it's a 3D environment set to run 2D ideals, which is great because it allows scaling and rotation. great for those origional Shining Force II cringing effects. -Akir

= Developers So Far... =

Akir Director, Planner, Project Manager

Devlyn Lead Programmer

Noma99 Lead Artist

= Developers Needed... =

More programmers (sphere Javascript)

Musicians

more as time comes...

= Join the Force! =

There are many ways to join the force. One is to leave a request on the discussion page and leave your email. another way is to leave a request at http://www.shiningsource.org/ Either way, you should give a sample of your work.

title: User:FirstAkir/Project Candlelight


text:
Alfredo Ottaviani

Alfredo Ottaviani (29 October 1890 – 3 August 1979) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church. Pope Pius XII named him cardinal in 1953. He served as secretary of the Holy Office in the Roman Curia from 1959 to 1966 when that dicastery was reorganised as the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, of which he was pro-prefect until 1968.

Ottaviani was a prominent figure in the Catholic Church during his time, and was the leading conservative voice at the Second Vatican Council.

Early life and education
Ottaviani was born in Rome, where his father was a baker. He studied with the Brothers of the Christian Schools in Trastevere, then at the Pontifical Roman Seminary and the Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare, from where he received his doctorates in philosophy, theology, and canon law. He was ordained to the priesthood on 18 March 1916.

Holy Office/Congregation of the Doctrine of the Faith
On 12 January 1953, he was both appointed pro-secretary of the Holy Office and created Cardinal-Deacon of Santa Maria in Domnica by Pope Pius XII. He participated as a cardinal-elector in the 1958 conclave which elected Pope John XXIII.

On 7 November 1959, he was named the Vatican's chief doctrinal guardian as secretary of the Holy Office. Ottaviani was appointed Titular Archbishop of Berrhoea on 5 April 1962, receiving his episcopal consecration on the following 19 April from Pope John XXIII in person, with Cardinals Giuseppe Pizzardo and Benedetto Aloisi Masella serving as co-consecrators. His episcopal motto Semper idem ("Always the same") reflected his conservative theology. He resigned his titular see in 1963.

Second Vatican Council
Ottaviani, while opposed to the separation of Church and State and granting equal rights to all religions, supported religious tolerance if public manifestations of non-Catholic religions were suppressed when possible. Their confrontation became so intense that Cardinal Ernesto Ruffini had to intervene, noting his disappointment at such a "serious discussion". Ottaviani also argued during the debates on the liturgy  and on the sources of divine revelation,  which are understood as scripture and tradition in Catholic theology.

In 2000, John L. Allen wrote that the news media often went to Ottaviani during the council for colourful reactions to stormy working sessions: in one speech at the council, reacting to repeated mentions of "collegiality" of bishops, Ottaviani pointed out that the Bible records only one example of the apostles acting collegially, at the Garden of Gethsemane: "They all fled." In 1985 Patrick R. Granfield had already recounted the same anecdote as something that "may well be apocryphal" and attributed it not to Ottaviani but to "one Council Father".

According to Allen, Ottaviani was opposed in the movements for a rapid council by German Cardinal Josef Frings of Cologne. Frings often clashed with Ottaviani on which direction the council should take. In this, he was assisted by "a [then] progressive firebrand" who was "dissatisfied with many of the answers offered by the Church's official authorities", a young theological advisor named Joseph Ratzinger, who would later become prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith and then Pope Benedict XVI. Frings had heard a lecture of the young Ratzinger on issues the upcoming council could address. It seemed to Frings that Ratzinger had set forth a complete agenda for the council that was exactly what Frings himself had in mind. Frings had Ratzinger prepare the text of a lecture that Frings was to give in Rome. After the lecture, which Pope John XXIII complimented warmly, Frings told the Pope that he did not deserve credit for the speech, as it was written by one of his priests. Pope John admitted that he too delegated much of his work. The key thing was to select the right person for the job. After this conversation, Ratzinger became Frings's lead assistant during the entire council and thereafter never left Frings's service.

The acrimony felt by such liberal members of the council against Ottaviani spilled out into international news in a dramatic incident on 8 November 1963, in which Protestant observer Robert McAfee Brown described as having "blown the dome off St. Peter's"; in a working session of the council, Frings declared Ottaviani's dicastery a "source of scandal" to the whole world.

With continued worldwide interest in Vatican II another incident, in which Ottaviani breached the council's rules for debating procedure, found its way into international news. During the 30 October 1962 session, concerning changes to the Mass, he went beyond the 10-minute limit imposed on all speakers. Upon Ottaviani passing this mark Cardinal Eugène Tisserant, dean of the Council Presidents, showed his watch to the council president for the day Cardinal Bernard Alfrink of Utrecht (whom the Associated Press described as "one of the most outspoken members ... who want to see far-reaching changes inside the church." ). Ottaviani, engrossed in his topic, went on condemning the proposed changes, saying, "Are we seeking to stir up wonder, or perhaps scandal, among the Christian people, by introducing changes in so venerable a rite, that has been approved for so many centuries and is now so familiar? The rite of Holy Mass should not be treated as if it were a piece of cloth to be refashioned according to the whim of each generation." When he had reached fifteen minutes, Alfrink rang a warning bell. When Ottaviani kept speaking, Alfrink signalled to a technician, who switched off the microphone. After tapping the microphone to determine it was off, the half-blind Ottaviani stumbled back to his seat in humiliation while "there was scattered applause in the council hall" by members of the council fathers who held that he had gone on too long.

Scandalized by the reaction of his fellow council fathers, Ottaviani boycotted the next six council working sessions. When Cardinal Ernesto Ruffini of Palermo presided over the 11 November session, he announced that "Ottaviani had been grieved by the 30 October incident" and asked council fathers to refrain from voicing approval or disapproval with applause. The Associated Press noted that "Ironically, the incident ... [was] favorably commented on by the non-Catholic observers attending the council, who were struck by the Democratic process and freedom of expression at the council". As he was president of the Theological Commission responsible for amending the schema on sources of religion, Ottaviani returned to the working session to champion the position of those the Associated Press called "the static traditionalists".

Papal conclave of 1963
Ottaviani was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the 1963 papal conclave, which elected Giovanni Battista Montini as Pope Paul VI. He was also the protodeacon (senior cardinal-deacon) during the conclave, and as such, he announced Montini's election and crowned him on 30 June with the triregnum.

Work and retirement from the Roman Curia
With the change of the name of the Holy Office to the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith in 1965, Ottaviani was named pro-prefect of the congregation; the pope held the title of "prefect" until 1968. He was raised to the rank of cardinal-priest (with the same title) on 26 June 1967. As pro-prefect, Ottaviani had described himself as a "policeman" who protected traditional doctrine.

On 8 January 1968 Ottaviani resigned from the Church's central administration. Pope Paul VI accepted the resignation and appointed Cardinal Franjo Seper of Yugoslavia to take his place as pro-prefect for the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith. The event was seen as "a major turning point" by the Associated Press, noting he was being replaced "by a prelate from a Communist country that once imprisoned a Catholic cardinal ... In dramatic fashion, it signified the move of the half-billion-member church away from rigid conservatism toward new experiments in modernism and changing relations with Communist countries."

In 1970, when Paul VI restricted voting in papal conclaves to cardinals under the age of 80, Ottaviani, already 80, said the Pope's action was "an act committed in contempt of tradition that is centuries old" and that he was "throwing overboard the bulk of his expert and gifted counsellors".

Ottaviani died on 3 August 1979.

Karl Rahner
At the beginning of 1962, Ottaviani notified the Jesuit superiors of theologian Karl Rahner that Rahner had been placed under Roman pre-censorship. That meant that the prolific theology professor could no longer publish or lecture without permission. A few months later, in November 1962, Pope John XXIII appointed Rahner to be peritus (an expert advisor) to and at the Second Vatican Council. Since Rahner accompanied the Cardinal Archbishop of Vienna, Franz König, as a theological consultant, Ottaviani did not throw Rahner out of the council in spite of the earlier silencing.

Ottaviani Intervention
On 25 September 1969, Ottaviani and Cardinal Antonio Bacci wrote a letter to Paul VI in support of a study by a group of theologians who criticized the new Order of Mass and the new General Instruction. Those are two parts of the revised Roman Missal that had been promulgated on 3 April of that year, but that actually appeared in full only in 1970. This letter became widely known as the Ottaviani Intervention.

Ecclesiastical procedure in cases of solicitation
In 1962, as head, under the Pope, of the Holy Office, Ottaviani signed its document known by its incipit Crimen sollicitationis, which had as subtitle On the Manner of Proceeding in Cases of the Crime of Sollicitation. It laid down detailed rules about the procedure for ecclesiastical tribunals to follow if a priest was accused of making sexual advances connected in any way with the sacrament of confession. Judges and other officials of the tribunal ("each and everyone pertaining to the tribunal in any way") would be subject to automatic excommunication if they revealed anything about the conduct of the trial, even after the verdict had been declared and put into effect. This penalty did not apply to accusers and other witnesses; on the contrary, anyone with knowledge of the crime who failed to denounce it within one month was subject to automatic excommunication and could be absolved only after actually denouncing the priest or at least promising seriously to do so. Violation of secrecy by the accused was also punished not by excommunication but by suspension.

In 2003, 24 years after Ottaviani's death, media reports presented this document as an attempt to "hide sexual abuse". Some reported that even accusers were subjected to excommunication if they made their accusations known, and that the document was stored in the Vatican Secret Archives, where it was discovered by a lawyer pursuing cases on behalf of victims of abuse by Catholic priests. In fact, the 69-page document was sent to "all Patriarchs, Archbishops, Bishops and other Local Ordinaries, including those of Eastern Rite" and was to be found, even if after forty years it was generally forgotten, among the papers in their successors' offices. While media reports also suggested that the ecclesiastical verdict was never to be made known, the document spoke of the verdict being "declared" and "put into effect", and the punishments laid down in canon law were: "He is to be suspended from celebrating Mass and hearing sacramental confessions and, if the gravity of the crime calls for it, he is to be declared unfit for hearing them; he is to be deprived of all benefices and ranks, of the right to vote or be voted for, and is to be declared unfit for all of them, and in more serious cases he is to be reduced to the lay state." These punishments were of public character and not subject to secrecy.

Forbidden books
As secretary of the Holy Office, Ottaviani was responsible for the banning of a number of books, which would accordingly have been included in any new edition of the Index Librorum Prohibitorum (Index of Prohibited Books). The Index, the last edition of which had been published in 1948, was abolished by Pope Paul VI in 1966.

Faustina Kowalska
On 6 March 1959, the Holy Office issued a notification that forbade circulation of "images and writings that promote devotion to Divine Mercy in the forms proposed by Sister Faustina" (emphasis in the original). Faustina Kowalska was a Polish nun who in her diary recounted conversations with Jesus Christ. Since at least 2002, it is claimed the negative judgement of the Holy Office was based on misunderstanding due to the latter's use of a faulty French or Italian translation of the diary. However, the ban at the time was due to "serious theological reservations -- Faustina’s claim that Jesus had promised a complete remission of sin for certain devotional acts that only the sacraments can offer, for example, or what Vatican evaluators felt to be an excessive focus on Faustina herself." It was with Ottaviani's approval that Archbishop Karol Wojtyła of Kraków began in 1965 the informative process on Faustina's life and virtues, and the ban on her work was reversed by Pope Paul VI in 1978.

Maria Valtorta
Ottaviani was critical of the writings of the bed-ridden Maria Valtorta, who reported visions of Jesus and Mary.

Carinci and Bea facilitated a meeting between the Servite Order priests and Pope Pius XII, and the event was announced in L'Osservatore Romano.

Valtorta's notebooks were published in 1956 by Michele Pisani as The Poem of the Man-God.

A year after the death of Pius XII, Ottaviani placed the work among the list of books he presented to the newly-appointed Pope John XXIII, who signed in January 1960 the decree banning all the books on the list.

title: Alfredo Ottaviani