text:
Talk:Criticism of the Iraq War

Old entries that didn't have a section heading
Well it's 2007 and Iraq War has grown to 141 KB with literally dozens of WP:SUMMARY subarticles. I made a bold decision to un-redirect this from Opposition to the Iraq War, which primarily discusses who, and SUMMARY the section from Iraq War into this article, which primarily discusses why. Additional notes on the articles might be necessary to make this clear. ←BenB4 11:00, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

This article was formerly listed for deletion at Votes for deletion/Iraq occupation mistakes, in violation of the WP:VFD policy. I have removed the vfd tag, and applied the npov tag in its place, in enforcement of the original policy, which is dominant in relation to the "do not remove" notice on the sticker. -==SV 22:11, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

As the article has had the VFD template for 17 days, I've removed it. I counted the votes as 10 delete to 8 not delete (mostly keep), so no consensus. Unfortunately move to Criticism of the Iraq War on Wheels! got no votes. --SPUI (talk) 14:51, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * LOL! SV|t|add 17:28, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Edits
I've cut out a chunk of the rambling intro and a few of the bullet points that seemed vague and unsupported. Also removed the wikilinks to articles that have not been created. There are already other articles that cover these topics so it's not so likely that articles with those exact titles would be created. --Lee Hunter 01:38, 23 May 2005 (UTC)

I removed the last sentence of the introduction, given the invalidity of the statement made and the invalidity of the link, which did not exist. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 144.62.223.97 (talk) 02:18, 23 March 2010 (UTC)
 * Thanks for spotting the dead link. I've restored the statement with a link that's still available. Cosmic Latte (talk) 02:42, 23 March 2010 (UTC)

No need for this page
This is easily debunked. Just use the Justification for the War in Iraq signed by both parties in congress and your done. Also add the Sept. 18th 2002 speech by George W Bush to the UN that documents Saddam's failed compliance with 16 Resolutions. Iraq's ties to Al-Queda are well documented in the 9/11 Commission report (despite several ommissions only now being covered), although the ties were never opperational, the Bush administration never said that there was a working relationship with Al Queda, only ties. The huminitarian intervention was also used as reason, and it cannot be denied that Saddam was brutal to the people of Iraq, especially the Kurds and Shia population. President Bush in his State of the Union speech in Januraury of '03 stated that he believed that Saddam was not an imminent threat, but a grave and growing one. President Cheney repeated these words several months before Bush went to the UN to ask for international appeal. The Deufler(sp?) Report stated that while no weapons were recovered that none the less, Saddam was in violation of several UN resolutions including 1441. David Kay also agreed in his testimony before the Senate. The Report also confirms that Iraq was reconstituting his plans for WMD programs by manipulating the Oil for Food program. Several Iraqi Nucleur scientists have come forward and testified that they were forced by the Saddam siblings to hide important documents and blueprints for a Nuke device in thier homes and backywards. Saddam could've reconstituted his nuke ambitions within months after inspections and sanctions were lifted. Two bi-partisan committees have overseen the WMD evidence and terrorism ties, and have concluded that thier assesments were fair and balanced at the time.Ther was no manipulation of the evidence, for the onus was squarely on Iraq to comply with UN inspectors to prove his case. So in essense the whole debate over Iraq is useless. The matter was concerning if Iraq would full comply with Iraq after 12 years of defiance or be disarmed (as in taken out)from office to let the inspectors do thier job. It didnt matter if he didnt have WMD's at all, what mattered was that he had to comply with UN Resolutions. There have been several instances where the administration said that it was not looking for a smoking gun at all, but a fair compliance by Saddam Hussien. Even anti-war inspector Hans Blix addmitted in his book Disarming Iraq that Saddam did not meet the standards set by compliance. His removal was just under international law and the treaty he signed from the 1st gulf war.

Easily debunked or not, they are criticisms, and they do exist. Therefore, make your page debunking them.

 * Some people rely too much on FOX news. :|

 * Debate is "useless" when people are too busy maintaining their point of view to entertain any information that might conflict with it. When you are taking the word of ANY "side" as proof without examining their "proof", while only demanding burden of proof for anything the other "side" is presenting, I'd say there needs to be a hypocrisy check.

 * I've seen enough evidence to suggest that there is enough motive for governments to want control over areas like Afghanistan and the Middle East. If there is another motive that hasn't been ruled out that's in line with the actions of the US government, I'd say it bears some examination.  Much of the criticism of the war/occupation of Iraq stems from this.  There is even evidence that is cited when you only look at news from big media corporations.

 * And why doesn't anyone sign their posts?

 * AntelopeInSearchOfTruth 12:52 pm [Pacific Time], 18 November 2005 (UTC)

Keep this page please
If anyone thinks that mentioning cases of Criticism of Iraq War is POV, they must be mad. There is always plenty of criticism for any war by the public, and there is definitely plenty for this one. If you take away this section, then readers in 100 years time that nearly everyone thought this war was a great thing, which is arguable. The majority of Wikipedians probably support the war, as the majority are British or American, but the oppposite case should be made too. This is called NPOV. Wallie 07:31, 17 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually, the latest polls show that a majority of Americans consider the war to be a mistake, and an even larger number consider President Bush's handling of the war to be poor.

 * What exactly is POV about the article? Unless someone can cite something substantive, it seems NPOV enough to me to remove the POV tag. Michaelbluejay 17:53, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree with Michaelbluejay and Wallie. This article is an objective list of opinions of a single point of view as there is for the other side of the arguement elsewhere on wikipedia. It is ridiculous to mark it POV, let alone delete it. -Haon 02:20, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

 * NPOV isn't creating pages explaining both sides. It's one article expressing a neutral view of events on a topic. --EatAlbertaBeef 01:52, 16 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Arguments for and against the war should be on one page, not separated. Integrate this into the main page or create a separate "Views on the Iraq War" article. --Mmx1 02:30, 3 January 2006 (UTC)

 * This page will never be NPOV compliant. It simply represents the views of one side. I don't see why everyone is arguing about it. There is a section of justifications for the war on the main "Iraq War" page, and that has no non-NPOV warning. Actually, I think either this page should be merged with the main Iraq War page (its actually just a copy of what is on that page, btw), or a page with arguements for the war should be created. There is no sense in saying that each side is non-NPOV; that much is obvious.

Fuzzform 20:43, 29 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Its hard to write the other side when the other side's points have all been beaten down into the ground (i.e. Saddam's Record, Weapons of Mass Destruction, Uranium from Nigeria, etc). Annihilatron (talk) 17:22, 23 March 2009 (UTC)

More can be added
Several Years ago Kofi Annan stated in an interview for British TV that the Iraq War was Technically illegal (I can't recall his exact words) this should be included in the section "Claims That The War Is Illegal", just thought I'd mention it.

POV tag added but nothing on discussion page about any disputes.
What is the normal method of dealing with unspecified disputes? I hesitate to just remove the tag because it explicitly says not to, but User:69.58.224.75 hasn't specified how he thinks it doesn't conform to NPOV. :/
 * Its pretty easy to see the entire thing is biased - try every line. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.163.35.56 (talk) 06:33, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

Technically bush should be arrested
He attacked Iraq by making up lies. He did not have UN support. "When asked directly, 82–87% of the Iraqi populace is opposed to US occupation and want US troops to leave. 47% of Iraqis support attacking US troops. More Americans understand this now, as shown in the documetary film The Ground Truth which interviews American soldiers returning from Iraq and their families. As of 2007, President Bush's administration made a total of 935 false statements in a two-year period about Iraq's alleged threat to the United States."91.109.186.178 (talk) 20:52, 11 September 2010 (UTC) So there needs to be an article critisizing the Iraq war. That and it would take up too much space if we put it in another article.91.109.186.178 (talk) 20:53, 11 September 2010 (UTC)

removing POV tag with no active discussion per Template:POV
I've removed an old neutrality tag from this page that appears to have no active discussion per the instructions at Template:POV:
 * This template is not meant to be a permanent resident on any article. Remove this template whenever:
 * There is consensus on the talkpage or the NPOV Noticeboard that the issue has been resolved
 * It is not clear what the neutrality issue is, and no satisfactory explanation has been given
 * In the absence of any discussion, or if the discussion has become dormant.

Since there's no evidence of ongoing discussion, I'm removing the tag for now. If discussion is continuing and I've failed to see it, however, please feel free to restore the template and continue to address the issues. Thanks to everybody working on this one! -- Khazar2 (talk) 12:22, 14 June 2013 (UTC)

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External links modified
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Hawaii poll on Iraq War
http://web.archive.org/web/20040423234100/http://the.honoluluadvertiser.com/article/2004/Apr/04/ln/ln01a.html

The Honolulu Star-Advertiser posted results of a poll on how many in Hawaii stated they felt mislead by the US government in regards to the Iraq War. WhisperToMe (talk) 17:17, 15 May 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Criticism of the Iraq War


text:
Chiller (video game)

Chiller is a light gun arcade game released in 1986 by Exidy. An unlicensed port was released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in 1990 by American Game Cartridges in the US, and in Australia by HES (Home Entertainment Suppliers), with the option of using either the standard controller or the NES Zapper.

In the game, the player takes on the role of an unseen torturer who must maim, mutilate, and murder restrained non-player characters in a variety of dungeon settings. Few of the NPCs in the game are capable of fighting back, with the challenge element lying in how quickly the player can cause each of the victims to die.

Gameplay

The game consists of four main levels: the torture chamber, the rack room, the haunted house hallway, and the graveyard. If enough score is accumulated by completing these levels successfully, a final bonus round is unlocked, which consists of a target practice where objects traveling at increasingly high speeds must be shot. Between each level, a bonus score can be obtained by winning at the slot machine.

The first two levels feature seemingly human NPCs restrained by medieval torture devices. The player must discover how to kill these characters in the shortest possible amount of time. Although it is possible to shoot them to death, this process is inefficient as direct shots only result in chunks of flesh being blown away, leaving the victims alive. Instead, the challenge lies in finding ways to activate the torture devices, resulting in quicker and bloodier deaths.

After the first two levels, the game transitions into a more traditional shooting game; the player must kill paranormal creatures, such as zombies, ghosts, and mummies.

Reception
The game sold poorly in the United States because arcade owners refused to purchase it; Exidy successfully marketed it to third world countries. Modern reviewers often criticize the game for its senseless violence and encouraging the torture and murder of apparently innocent people, as opposed to the gamer fighting enemies capable of defending themselves.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Chiller (video game)


text:
United States Commission on Civil Rights

The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (CCR) is a bipartisan, independent commission of the United States federal government, created by the Civil Rights Act of 1957 during the Eisenhower administration, that is charged with the responsibility for investigating, reporting on, and making recommendations concerning civil rights issues in the United States. Specifically, the CCR investigates allegations of discrimination based on race, sex, national origin, disability. In March 2023, Rochelle Mercedes Garza was appointed to serve as Chair of the CCR. She is the youngest person to be appointed to the position.

Pursuant to 42 U.S.C. 1975d, all statutory authority for the commission terminated on September 30, 1996, and Congress has not passed new legislation, but has continued to pass appropriations.

Commissioners
The commission is composed of eight commissioners. Four are appointed by the President of the United States, two by the President pro tempore of the Senate (upon the recommendations of the Senate majority leader and minority leader), and two by the Speaker of the House of Representatives (upon the recommendations of the House majority leader and minority leader).

As of December 2022, the members of the commission are:

Presidential appointees (2D, 2R):
 * Stephen Gilchrist (R) – chairman and CEO, South Carolina African American Chamber of Commerce (appointed by President Donald Trump, May 2020).
 * J. Christian Adams (R) - President and General Counsel of the Public Interest Legal Foundation (appointed by President Trump, August 2020)
 * Rochelle Garza (D) - Attorney and President of the Texas Civil Rights Project (appointed by President Joe Biden, March 2023)
 * Victoria Nourse (D) - Ralph Whitworth Professor of Law at Georgetown University Law School (appointed by President Joe Biden, March 2023)

Senate appointees (1D, 1I):
 * Gail Heriot (I) – University of San Diego law professor (first appointed by President Pro Tempore Robert Byrd, February 2007; reappointed by President Pro Tempore Patrick Leahy, December 2013).
 * Glenn Magpantay (D) - Civil rights attorney and law professor, Chair of the LGBT Committee of the Asian American Bar Association of New York (appointed by Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, March 2023)

House appointees (1D, 1R):
 * Peter N. Kirsanow (R) – Partner at Benesch, Friedlander, Coplan & Arnoff in Cleveland, Ohio; former member of the National Labor Relations Board (first appointed by President George W. Bush, December 2001, reappointed December 2006; reappointed by Speaker Dennis Hastert, December 2013; reappointed by House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer, December 2019).
 * Mondaire Jones (D) - Former U.S. Representative for New York's 17th Congressional District (first appointed by Speaker Nancy Pelosi, December 2022)

Creation and early history
The commission was created by the Civil Rights Act of 1957, which was signed into law by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in response to a recommendation by an ad hoc President's Committee on Civil Rights. In calling for a permanent commission, that committee stated:

"In a democratic society, the systematic, critical review of social needs and public policy is a fundamental necessity. This is especially true of a field like civil rights, where the problems are enduring, and range widely [and where] ... a temporary, sporadic approach can never finally solve these problems.

Nowhere in the federal government in there an agency charged with the continuous appraisal of the status of civil rights, and the efficiency of the machinery with which we hope to improve that status. ... A permanent Commission could perform an invaluable function by collecting data. ... Ultimately, this would make possible a periodic audit of the extent to which our civil rights are secure. ... [The Commission should also] serve[] as a clearing house and focus of coordination for the many private, state, and local agencies working in the civil rights field, [and thus] would be invaluable to them and to the federal government.

A permanent Commission on Civil Rights should point all of its work toward regular reports which would include recommendations for action in ensuing periods. It should lay plans for dealing with broad civil rights problems. ... It should also investigate and make recommendations with respect to special civil rights problems."

As then-Senator and Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson put it, the commission's task is to "gather facts instead of charges. ... [I]t can sift out the truth from the fancies; and it can return with recommendations which will be of assistance to reasonable men."

Since the 1957 Act, the commission has been re-authorized and re-configured by the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights Acts of 1983 and 1991 and the Civil Rights Commission Amendments Act of 1994.

Soon after the passage of the 1957 Act, the then-six-member, bipartisan Commission, consisting of John A. Hannah, President of Michigan State University; Robert Storey, Dean of the Southern Methodist University Law School; Father Theodore Hesburgh, President of the University of Notre Dame; John Stewart Battle, former governor of Virginia; Ernest Wilkins, a Department of Labor attorney; and Doyle E. Carlton, former governor of Florida, set about to assemble a record.

Their first project was to assess the administration of voter registration and elections in Montgomery, Alabama. But they immediately ran into resistance. Circuit Judge George C. Wallace, who was elected as governor in support of white supremacy, ordered voter registration records to be impounded. "They are not going to get the records," he said. "And if any agent of the Civil Rights Commission comes down to get them, they will be locked up. ... I repeat, I will jail any Civil Rights Commission agent who attempts to get the records." The hearing went forward with no shortage of evidence. Witness after witness testified to inappropriate interference with his or her right to vote. The Commissioners spent the night at Maxwell Air Base, because all the city's hotels were segregated.

From there, the Commission went on to hold hearings on the implementation of Brown v. Board of Education in Nashville, Tennessee and on housing discrimination in Atlanta, Chicago and New York. The facts gathered in these and other hearings along with the commission's recommendations were presented not just to Congress and the President but the American people generally, and they become part of the foundation upon which the Civil Rights Act of 1960, the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and the Fair Housing Act of 1968 were built.

A revolution in public opinion occurred during the late 1950s and early 1960s on issues of civil rights. The activities and reports of the Commission on Civil Rights contributed to that change. In 1956, the year before the 1957 Act, less than half of white Americans agreed with the statement, "White students and Negro students should go to the same schools." By 1963, the year before the 1964 Act, that figure had jumped to 62%. In 1956, a healthy majority of white Americans—60%—opposed "separate sections for Negroes on streetcars and buses." By 1963, the number had grown to 79% opposed—an overwhelming majority. Even in the South, minds were being changed. In 1956, 27% of Southern whites opposed separate sections on public transportation for blacks and whites. By 1963, the number had become a majority of 52%.

The change in views about the desirability of a federal law was even more dramatic. As late as July 1963, 49 percent of the total population favored a federal law that would give "all persons, Negro as well as white, the right to be served in public places such as hotels, restaurants, and similar establishments," and 42 percent were opposed. By September of the same year, a majority of 54 percent was in favor, and 38 percent opposed. In February 1964, support had climbed to 61 percent and opposition had declined to 31 percent.

Reagan and Clinton administrations
In 1977 the Commission produced the report Sex Bias in the U.S. Code. In 1981 President Ronald Reagan, looking to move the commission in a more conservative direction, appointed Clarence M. Pendleton, Jr., as the first black chairman of the commission. A Howard University graduate, he was a conservative who opposed affirmative action and many of the commission's activities. Pendleton reduced its staff and programs.

In 1983, Reagan attempted to fire three members of the commission. They sued the administration in federal court to stay on. The authorizing legislation stated that a president could only fire a commissioner for "misbehavior in office," and it was clear that the terminations were the result of disagreements over policy. A compromise brokered in the Senate resulted in the current hybrid group of eight, half appointed by the president and half by the Congress, with six-year terms that do not expire with the inauguration of a new president. Since that time the commission has struggled to remain independent, and its agenda has oscillated between liberal and conservative aims as factions among its members have ebbed and waned.

In 1990, Congress relied on a commission report to enact the Americans with Disabilities Act. (ADA)

21st century
The Commission became increasingly polarized under the George W. Bush administration, as conservatives –including Republican appointees on the Commission itself – argued that it no longer served any useful purpose and conducted partisan investigations meant to embarrass Republicans. After 2004, when Bush appointed two conservative Commissioners who had recently canceled their Republican Party registrations to the two "independent" seats, obtaining a six-member conservative majority bloc, the Commission dramatically scaled back its activities and canceled several ongoing investigations.

On September 5, 2007, Commissioner Gail Heriot testified about the agency's value on the 50th anniversary of the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1957. Heriot told the Senate Committee on the Judiciary:"If the value of a federal agency could be calculated on a per dollar basis, it would not surprise me to find the Commission on Civil Rights to be among the best investments Congress ever made. My back-of-the-envelope calculation is that the Commission now accounts for less than 1/2000th of 1 percent of the federal budget; back in the late 1950s its size would have been roughly similar. And yet its impact has been dramatic."In 2008, President George W. Bush announced that he would oppose the proposed Native Hawaiian Government Reorganization Act shortly after the commission issued a report recommending rejection of the bill. In 2018 the Commission reversed its position in a report evaluating the federal government's efforts to meet its trust obligations to Native Americans and Native Hawaiians.

During the Barack Obama administration, this conservative bloc reversed its position and began using the commission as a vigorous advocate for conservative interpretations of civil rights issues, such as opposition to the Voting Rights Act and the expansion of federal hate crimes laws. In 2010, Commissioner Abigail Thernstrom, a Republican appointee generally considered part of the commission's conservative bloc, criticized her colleagues' investigation into the New Black Panther Party voter intimidation case, describing it as motivated by a partisan "fantasy ... [that] they could bring Eric Holder down and really damage [President Obama]" and arguing that only "a moron" could believe the commission's theory that Obama appointees had ordered DoJ attorneys not to protect the voting rights of white people. In October 2010, Michael Yaki, one of the two Democratic commissioners, walked out of a meeting in protest. In doing so, Yaki deprived the panel of a quorum and delayed a vote on a draft report, which Yaki claimed, is unfairly biased against the Obama administration. Yaki described the panel as a "kangaroo court".

President Obama eventually appointed two staunch liberals to the Commission in the last days of his administration, keeping the commission to six Democratic and two Republican appointees. In June 2017 the commission voted unanimously to begin a wide-ranging investigation of the Trump administration's civil rights enforcement practices, and 6–2 along party lines to express their concern about the administration's actions.

List of Chairpersons, 1958–present

 * John A. Hannah, 1958–1969
 * Theodore Hesburgh, 1969–1972
 * J. Stephen Horn, 1972–1974 (Acting)
 * Arthur S. Flemming, 1974–1981
 * Clarence M. Pendleton Jr., 1981–1988
 * William B. Allen, 1988–1989
 * Arthur Fletcher, 1990–1993
 * Mary Frances Berry, 1993–2004
 * Gerald A. Reynolds, 2004–2011
 * Martin R. Castro, 2011–2016
 * Catherine E. Lhamon, 2016–2021
 * Norma V. Cantu, 2021–2023
 * Rochelle Garza, 2023–present

Commission structure
The eight commissioners serve six-year staggered terms. Four are appointed by the President, two by the President Pro Tempore of the Senate and two by the Speaker of the House of Representatives. No more than four Commissioners can be of the same political party. In addition, neither the two Senate appointees nor the two House appointees may be of the same political party. With the concurrence of a majority of the commission's members, the President designates a chair and a Vice Chair. The Staff Director is also appointed by the President with the concurrence of a majority of the Commissioners.

The commission has appointed 51 State Advisory Committees (SACs) to function as the "eyes and ears" of the Commission in their respective locations. The commission's enabling legislation authorizes the creation of these SACs and directs the commission to establish at least one advisory committee in every state and the District of Columbia. Each state committee has a charter that enables it to operate and identifies its members. Each charter is valid for a term of two years, and the committee terminates if the charter is not renewed by the commission. Each committee has a minimum of eleven members. The SACs are supported by regional offices whose primary function is to assist them in their planning, fact-finding, and reporting activities. Like the commission, the SACs produce written reports that are based on fact-finding hearings and other public meetings.

Commission operations
The commission studies alleged discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin. It also studies alleged deprivations of voting rights and discrimination in the administration of justice. Though the commission has no enforcement powers, its commissioners try to enhance the enforcement of federal civil rights laws. Its recommendations often lead to action in Congress.

Commissioners hold monthly daylong meetings, including six briefings on subjects, chosen by the commissioners, that involve possible discrimination. Ahead of these meetings, commission staff prepares reports on those subjects and schedules appearances by witnesses. Each year the Commission drafts recommendations that are sent to Congress by September 30.


text:
Konstantin Mereschkowski

Konstantin Sergeevich Mereschkowski (Константи́н Серге́евич Мережко́вский; – 9 January 1921) was a Russian biologist and botanist, active mainly around Kazan, whose research on lichens led him to propose the theory of symbiogenesis – that larger, more complex cells (of eukaryotes) evolved from the symbiotic relationship between less complex ones. He presented this theory in 1910, in his work, The Theory of Two Plasms as the Basis of Symbiogenesis, a New Study of the Origins of Organisms, although the fundamentals of the idea had already appeared in his earlier 1905 work, The nature and origins of chromatophores in the plant kingdom.

Early life
Konstantin was born in Saint Petersburg, one of six sons and three daughters in the Mereschkowski family. His father Sergey Ivanovich served as a senior official in several Russian local governors' cabinets (including that of I.D. Talyzin in Orenburg) before entering Alexander II's court office as a privy councillor. His mother Varvara Vasilyevna (née Tcherkasova) was a daughter of a senior Saint Petersburg security official, and was fond of arts and literature. The writer Dmitry Merezhkovsky (1866–1941) was one of his younger brothers.

From 1875 to 1880 he worked for his degree at the University of Saint Petersburg, travelling north to the White Sea to examine marine invertebrates and discovering a genus of Hydrozoa. On graduating he travelled to France and Germany, meeting famous scientists; he published on anthropology and animal pigments while in Paris.

Career
In 1883 he married Olga Petrovna Sultanova, and became a lecturer at the University of Saint Petersburg. In 1886 they emigrated from Russia for unexplained reasons, possibly connected to the acts of paedophilia for which he was later prosecuted. The family set up home in Crimea, where he found work as a botanist looking at varieties of grape; he also created a substantial collection of diatoms from the Black Sea. In 1898, he left his wife and young son in Crimea and emigrated to America, where he took the name "William Adler". He worked in California as a botanist at Los Angeles and University of California, Berkeley, devising a new system of classification of the diatoms based on the internal structures of the specimens in his Black Sea collection. In 1902, he returned to Russia to become curator of zoology at Kazan University; he became a lecturer there in 1904, and started to develop his ideas on the symbiotic origins of complex cells. In 1913 he edited the exsiccata Lichenes Rossiae exsiccati a Prof. D-re C. Mereschkovsky editi. In 1914 he was prosecuted for raping more than two dozen girls. He had earlier escaped Saint Petersburg in 1886 and the Crimea in 1898 for fear of being prosecuted for similar crimes. He was dismissed from Kazan University, and escaped to France. In 1918 he moved to the Conservatoire Botanique in Geneva, where he worked on Jules Paul Benjamin Delessert's lichen collection and distributed the exsiccata ''Lichenes Ticinenses exsiccati, rariores vel novi, pro parte ex aliis pagis provenientes, editi a Prof. Dre. C. Mereschkovsky''.

Death
In Geneva, he became seriously depressed, ran out of money, and on 9 January 1921 he was found dead in his hotel room, having tied himself up in his bed with a mask which was supplied with an asphyxiating gas from a metal container. It appears that his suicide was directly connected to his pedophilic utopian beliefs (reflected in his 1903 book of stories, Earthly Paradise, or a Winter Night's Dream. Tales from the 27th century) as well as his view that he was becoming too old and frail to continue his history of child abuse. As an atheist, his dreamed-of utopia was to be scientifically based, involving the evolution of a perfect human race of pedophiles held aloft by the enslavement of Africans, Asians, and others. The Earthly Paradise describes specially-bred castes of human including one of neotenised, sexualizing children prolonged into adult age - still displaying child-like features and behaviour - who were put to death at the age of 35, as they could not be happy in old age. Further, he held extreme ideological beliefs on eugenics and antisemitism. He actively assisted the far-right Black Hundredist organisation the Kazan Department of the Union of Russian People, and provided secret assistance to the Ministry of Internal Affairs in hunting down Jews and supposed traitors.

Symbiogenesis

Mereschkowski argued that the cell organelles, the nucleus and the chloroplast, are the descendants of bacteria that evolved into an intracellular symbiosis with amoebae. His work was influenced by the French botanist Andreas Franz Wilhelm Schimper who had noted that chloroplasts resembled cyanobacteria. Mereschkowski's ideas are according to K. V. Kowallik "strikingly" reflected in the modern symbiogenesis theory developed and popularised by Ivan Wallin and Lynn Margulis, and now widely accepted. The modern view is that two endosymbiotic events did take place, one by incorporating bacteria that became the mitochondria of all eukaryotes, and another soon afterwards in the line that became the plants to form chloroplasts.

Around the turn of the century, Mereschkowski formed a sizeable lichen herbarium, containing over 2000 specimens collected from Russia, Austria and around the Mediterranean. The collection remains at Kazan University. It had recently been shown that each lichen species consisted of a mutualistic symbiosis between a fungus and one or more algae. This may have inspired his theory of symbiogenesis. Mereschkowski rejected Darwinian evolution, believing that natural selection could not explain biological novelty. He argued instead that the acquisition and inheritance of microbes was central. He was criticised and even ridiculed by other biologists, such as the Polish lichenologist Alexandr Alexandrovich Elenkin.

Eponyms
Species named after Mereschkowski include Plowrightia mereschkowskyi Vouaux (1912), Physcia mereschkowskii Tomin (1926), and Caloplaca mereschkowskiana S.Y.Kondr. & Kärnefelt (2011).

title: Konstantin Mereschkowski


text:
Sean May

Sean Gregory May (born April 4, 1984) is an American former professional basketball player and current assistant basketball coach at the University of North Carolina. May was born in Chicago, Illinois and grew up in Bloomington, Indiana. He was a three-time all-state selection at Bloomington High School North, and was at one time a teammate of former NBA player Jared Jeffries. May was named to the 2002 McDonald's High School All-American team. He played in the 2002 McDonald's game with Raymond Felton and Rashad McCants, who would later team with May to win an NCAA Championship as part of the 2004–05 North Carolina Tar Heels.

College career
When the highly-recruited May chose to attend the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, it was a major surprise to most basketball recruiting observers; it had been thought that he would stay in his hometown and play for the Indiana University Hoosiers. He had strong family connections to IU; his father Scott was a forward on the school's undefeated 1975–76 NCAA championship team and won the Naismith Award the same year, and his brother Scott Jr. played for the Indiana basketball team that made the NCAA title game in 2002.

At North Carolina, May made his mark as the starting center for the Tar Heels basketball team from 2003 to 2005. As a junior, he was named Most Outstanding Player of the 2005 NCAA tournament after leading North Carolina to its fourth national championship. The Tar Heels defeated the University of Illinois by a score of 75–70 to win the title, with May scoring 26 points on 10–11 shooting and grabbing 10 rebounds. May and his father are one of four father-son duos to each win an NCAA basketball championship. May graduated from the University of North Carolina in August 2009 with a B.A. in African-American studies.

Charlotte Bobcats (2005–2009)
In April 2005, May declared that he would forgo his senior year at UNC to enter the NBA draft. He was selected 13th overall by the Charlotte Bobcats, becoming one of a record four Tar Heels to be lottery picks in the 2005 NBA draft. He started his professional career strongly by being named MVP of the Rocky Mountain Revue summer league. An injury in December, however, cut his rookie season short.

On October 5, 2007, May announced that he had decided to have micro fracture surgery on his right knee, consequently missing the entire 2007–08 NBA season. The effects of the surgery affected him the following season (2008–09), as he experienced conditioning problems,    tiredness and tendinitis.

On December 30, 2008, May was deemed physically unfit to play, making Bobcats coach Larry Brown place him on the inactive list for the foreseeable future.

On June 23, 2009, ESPN News reported that the Charlotte Bobcats declined to make a qualifying offer for the fourth year of his rookie contract, making him an unrestricted free agent.

Sacramento Kings (2009–2010)
On July 21, 2009, May signed a one-year contract for $884,881 with the Sacramento Kings contingent upon him passing his physical.

On August 9, 2010, he signed a one-year contract with the New Jersey Nets. However, he suffered a stress fracture to his left foot in preseason training and was released on September 7.

International (2010–2014)
On November 22, 2010, May signed with Fenerbahçe Ülker of Turkey for the 2010–11 season.

On October 1, 2011, he signed with KK Zagreb of Croatia. In February 2012, he left Zagreb and moved to Italy to sign with Sutor Basket Montegranaro. In April 2012, he got injured and missed the rest of the season.

On July 18, 2012, May signed a two-year deal with Paris-Levallois Basket of France. This reunited May with his former college teammate Jawad Williams. In the 2013–14 season, he played only one game because of injury.

On November 24, 2014, May signed with SPO Rouen Basket. On December 30, 2014, he left Rouen and signed with Orléans Loiret Basket for the rest of the season.

EuroLeague

 * style="text-align:left;"| 2010–11
 * style="text-align:left;"| Fenerbahçe Ülker
 * 8 || 0 || 12.2 || .406 || .000 || .727 || 2.8 || .5 || .5 || .3 || 4.3 || 4.1
 * style="text-align:left;"| 2011–12
 * style="text-align:left;"| Zagreb
 * 9 || 8 || 29.2 || .455 || .333 || .692 || 6.4 || 1.1 || .6 || .3 || 11.7 || 11.3
 * - class="sortbottom"
 * align="center" colspan=2 | Career
 * 17 || 8 || 21.2 || .442 || .292 || .703 || 4.7 || .8 || .5 || .3 || 8.1 || 7.9
 * align="center" colspan=2 | Career
 * 17 || 8 || 21.2 || .442 || .292 || .703 || 4.7 || .8 || .5 || .3 || 8.1 || 7.9

Back to North Carolina
In fall of 2015, May was hired as the director of player development at his alma mater, the University of North Carolina. He served in the position for two years, and thereafter transitioned to the role of Director of Basketball Operations in fall of 2017.

In April 2021, head coach Roy Williams retired and was replaced by Hubert Davis. On April 15, May received a promotion from the Director of Basketball Operations position, moving into one of the three on-the-bench assistant spots for Davis' inaugural UNC staff.

title: Sean May


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Carson Beckett

Dr. Carson Beckett is a fictional Scottish character in the 2004 Canadian-American science fiction television series Stargate Atlantis, a spin-off series of Stargate SG-1. He is portrayed by Scottish-born Canadian actor Paul McGillion, who previously played Dr. Ernest Littlefield in the first season of SG-1. The character's Scottish nationality was only decided after McGillion's audition.

Dr. Beckett's character arc begins in the pilot episode "Rising". He is the discoverer and a carrier of the fictional Ancient Technology Activation gene, which allows humans to interact with specialized Ancient technology such as the Atlantis base. His medical expertise and his history with the Ancient gene earns him a spot on the Atlantis expedition, where he becomes the expedition's chief medical officer. Beckett is killed in an explosion in the third-season episode "Sunday", but he returns as a clone in season four and five.

The character's appearances were marked by positive reception. Despite being billed as a recurring character at first, he appeared in nearly every episode of the first season before the producers promoted him to a main character for the second and third seasons. The fan reaction to the character's death in season three was so strong that the Stargate Atlantis producers re-introduced the character in a recurring role in seasons four and five. In 2005, Paul McGillion was nominated for a Leo Award for "Best Supporting Performance by a Male" for his role as Beckett.

Character arc
Carson Beckett is stated to have been born in Scotland in a family of seven. His mother, who is mentioned throughout the series, is only briefly shown in "Rising". Beckett was born with the Ancient Technology Activation (ATA) gene, which gives the carrier the ability to access Ancient technology. At the beginning of Stargate Atlantis, Beckett is a doctor with an extended knowledge of medicine and just discovered the Ancient gene. Elizabeth Weir selected him for the Atlantis Expedition and stationed him at the Ancient outpost in Antarctica, where the SG-1 team had defeated the nemesis Anubis in the Stargate SG-1 season seven finale, "Lost City".

While in the Antarctic outpost in the pilot episode "Rising", Dr. Rodney McKay forces Beckett to sit in an Ancient control chair. Beckett's Ancient gene causes him to accidentally activate a drone weapon zeroing on General O'Neill and Major Sheppard's helicopter, but he manages to stop it. After finding and arriving in the city of Atlantis, Beckett examines a severed Wraith arm that Major Sheppard brought back from the planet Athos. Beckett can provide the first information about Wraith physiology and becomes the chief medical officer in Atlantis. In "Hide and Seek", he creates a gene therapy that emulates the ATA gene in normal humans with a 48 percent success rate. In "Poisoning the Well", Beckett helps the Hoffans develop a drug that kills the Wraith who feed on humans, but the drug has the side effect of killing 50 percent of the human recipients as well. One of the casualties is Perna, a Hoffan woman he has grown attached to. Carson leaves in disgust when the Hoffans decide to disseminate the drug among their people at all costs. In "The Gift", he discovers that Teyla has Wraith DNA in her genetic makeup, which allows her to tap into the Wraith psychic network in this and future episodes. In the second season, Beckett takes up more offworld activities, including one mission where he removes a Wraith tracker from Ronon Dex's spine in "Runner".

In "Instinct", Beckett develops a retrovirus to turn Wraith into humans by stripping the Iratus DNA from them. After the first subject, a Wraith girl named Ellia, experiences the opposite of the desired effect, he tests a perfected retrovirus on a captured Wraith named Michael. Although the experiment works, Michael discovers his identity and reverts into a Wraith after his escape. In the season two finale, "Allies", Michael contacts Atlantis with a proposal to use the retrovirus against rival Wraith hives, but Beckett realizes Michael's betrayal too late. After Michael's Wraith ships are stopped from getting to Earth in "Misbegotten", the humanized Wraith are transported to an isolated planet (M8G-352), where Beckett teaches them how to administer the retrovirus. However, a group led by Michael realize their true histories and capture him. Beckett is later rescued by his teammates, not knowing that Michael has taken a sample of Beckett's DNA. A group of Ancients evict the expedition from Atlantis in the mid season three two-parter "The Return". Beckett is given a surgery post at Stargate Command (SGC) on Earth, but he and some former expedition teammates return to the city to save it from Asuran siege and imminent destruction by the SGC. In "Sunday", Beckett is killed while attempting to safely dispose an explosive tumor that he had removed from a patient. His body and personal effects are sent back to his family on Earth. McKay, who had developed a close friendship with Beckett, tells Beckett's mother himself. McKay later has a vision of Carson, brought on by his subconscious mind, which gives him the opportunity to say goodbye.

Cloned Beckett
During Beckett's capture on the planet M8G-352 in season 3's "Misbegotten", Michael took some of Beckett's DNA to make a clone. Michael forces the clone to work for him in perfecting the Hoffan drug until Sheppard and Lorne rescue the clone in season 4's "The Kindred", a year after the death of the real Beckett. Although the clone suffers from a degenerative condition that will lead to his death, he insists on helping the team find the pregnant Teyla from Michael's capture. Eventually, Dr. Keller places the clone into stasis until a cure can be found. In season 5's "The Seed", the clone is injected with a cure from Michael's database on M2S-445 and is called upon to help discover a cure for an advancing disease on Keller. Upon completion, he is sent back to Earth. Cloned Beckett briefly returns to Atlantis in "Whispers" to stop a herd of Michael's failed experiments. In "Outsiders", cloned Beckett hopes to make up for the horrible deeds Michael performed using Beckett's research, and he begins to help humans in the Pegasus Galaxy who were infected with the Hoffan plague. In the Atlantis series finale, Beckett flies the city from M35-117 back to Earth to defeat a super Wraith Hive Ship. Beckett pilots the city in battle against the hive ship, but is unable to defeat it. The city is nearly destroyed, but is saved at the last moment when Sheppard manages to destroy the hive ship from the inside with a nuclear weapon. Beckett is forced to land Atlantis, cloaked, outside San Francisco Bay and later stares at the view with the rest of the command staff.

Characteristics and relationships
Producer Martin Gero described Carson Beckett as the "older brother" in the Atlantis crew, a "superswell" and "loveable guy" who has a lot of "heart and warmth". McGillion described his character as trepidatious, but Beckett gains more courage throughout the series as he becomes more familiar with his surroundings in Atlantis and offworld. Beckett can fly a Puddle Jumper, albeit reluctantly, and his piloting skills are shown to be flawed at best. He also despises Stargate travel, and is once compared with the Star Trek character Dr. McCoy. In "Duet", Beckett admits to be somewhat infatuated with Lt. Laura Cadman, who at the time is trapped in McKay's consciousness. When Cadman learns of this, she shares a passionate kiss with Beckett through McKay's body. Beckett and Cadman have an off-screen relationship until season 3; Beckett blames the difficulties of the relationship on their first kiss through McKay. Although McKay often condescends Beckett as he usually does to all his colleagues, McKay considers him a close friend. Martin Gero stated that Beckett and McKay often complement each other in a "wonderful" way. Although they have completely different personalities, they are the "everyday hero guys", and often share their thoughts after saving Atlantis or the galaxy from dire situations. Paul McGillion and David Hewlett (McKay) are also good friends in real life. Despite their personality differences, Beckett and Ronon Dex get along fairly well. In their first meeting, Beckett removed Ronon's tracking device, effectively saving his life. When Ronon is about to be killed by a powerful Wraith, Beckett disobeys Ronon's wishes to let him fight alone and kills the Wraith himself, quipping "if he doesn't like it, he can sue me." Surprisingly, Ronon is grateful to Beckett for his assistance rather than angry. Ronon is later shown to be devastated by the real Beckett's death and admits its hard for him to see the cloned Beckett be forced into stasis to possibly never return.

Conceptual history
Paul McGillion's first role in the Stargate franchise was playing the young Dr. Ernest Littlefield in the early Stargate SG-1 episode "The Torment of Tantalus" in 1997. The Scottish-born Canadian actor did not return to Stargate until Brad Wright and Robert C. Cooper held auditions for the spin-off series Stargate Atlantis in 2003–2004. Carson Beckett was originally meant to be an international character, but McGillion decided during his audition to play Beckett as a Scottish character. McGillion was in Portugal when his agent informed him that he got the part of Carson Beckett.

According to writer-producer Martin Gero, Beckett was set to appear in only a handful of episodes after the Stargate Atlantis' pilot episode, "Rising", but the character had such a big connection to the fans that Gero labeled McGillion the "breakout star" in Stargate Atlantis. The producers decided to give Beckett a larger role and made him a recurring character with a total of fifteen episode appearances in the first season, followed by a regular in season two. Although McGillion was born in Scotland, he only put on a Scottish accent during filming. McGillion said in an interview with The Sci-Fi World, "We improv[ise] a lot after the scene's over, and sometimes they'll keep some of the material and sometimes they won't. I'll often throw in little things like 'Ya cheeky little bugger'."

When the episode "Duet" was conceived, the writers wanted to maximise the chemistry and friendship between Beckett and McKay. Martin Gero came up with the scene featuring a kiss between Beckett and McKay. Reportedly, Gero tricked McGillion into agreeing to play the kiss by lying that David Hewlett was asked first and had already agreed. McGillion was originally planned to play Scotty in a parody of Star Trek in the Stargate SG-1 episode "200", but producer-writer Brad Wright filled in for the part in the end. (McGillion would later also audition for the part of Scotty in the upcoming eleventh Star Trek movie, but the role was given to Simon Pegg and McGillion was cast for a small part in the movie.)

After the second season of Stargate Atlantis, cast and crew members hinted that McGillion might depart from the series. Reports in November 2006 confirmed that Beckett would "disappear" somewhere in the second half of the third season, and would only appear in several episodes in the fourth season. Jewel Staite was announced to play Dr. Keller, the new doctor of the Atlantis expedition. McGillion learned of the writers' exact plans for Beckett's departure in "Sunday" two months before the episode was filmed. He said that he cried when reading the episode's script. Producer Joseph Mallozzi regretted killing off Dr. Beckett after seeing the fans' reactions, and claimed there was a 'clue' in a late-season 3 episode that hinted at Beckett's re-introduction. After Beckett's reappearance in the fourth-season episode "The Kindred", Mallozzi confirmed that Beckett had not ascended upon his death, that McKay had only imagined Beckett at the end of "Sunday", and that the character in "The Kindred" was Beckett in the flesh instead of a version from an alternate universe or from the past. A press release for season 5 mentioned that Beckett would return for at least five episodes in the new season.

Reception
Carson Beckett is often described by fans as the "Heart of Atlantis". Paul McGillion was nominated for a Leo Award for "Best Supporting Performance by a Male" in 2005 for his role as Beckett in "Poisoning the Well", but he and fellow Atlantis actor David Nykl lost to Matthew Currie Holmes of Godiva's. A group of fans set up a campaign at "savecarsonbeckett.com" before news of McGillion's departure was confirmed. Although the episode "Sunday" was highly admired, his death caused dismay and outrage among fans and critics. Maureen Ryan of the Chicago Tribune labelled the killing of Beckett a "bonehead decision". The producers did not anticipate the protest after the airing of the episode. Between 60 and 100 fans from all over the world gathered for a peaceful protest outside The Bridge Studios in Vancouver on March 22, 2007, hiring a local pipe band. Another protest followed at San Diego Comic-Con International on July 27, 2007.

title: Carson Beckett


text:
User talk:67.81.65.146

March 2018
Hello, I'm Doniago. I noticed that you made one or more changes to an article, Riverhead (town), New York, but you didn't provide a reliable source. It's been removed and archived in the page history for now, but if you'd like to include a citation and re-add it, please do so! If you need guidance on referencing, please see the referencing for beginners tutorial, or if you think I made a mistake, you can leave me a message on my talk page. Alternately, a notable individual must have a WP:BLUELINK. DonIago (talk) 13:08, 28 March 2018 (UTC)
 * If this is a shared IP address, and you did not make the edits, consider creating an account for yourself or logging in with an existing account so you can avoid further irrelevant notices.

title: User talk:67.81.65.146


text:
Talk:Azerbaijan (disambiguation)

Trimmed
In keeping with guidelines, I have removed links to articles which relate to subjects which are never called "Azerbaijan", even if the subjects relate to Azerbaijan. This includes: jnestorius(talk) 18:28, 12 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Transcaucasian SFSR
 * Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
 * Medes
 * Arran (Azerbaijan)
 * Caucasian Albania
 * Matiene

title: Talk:Azerbaijan (disambiguation)


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Æbbe of Coldingham

Æbbe, also called  Tabbs, (c. 615 – 683) was an Anglian abbess and noblewoman. She was the daughter of Æthelfrith, king of Bernicia from c. 593 to 616. She founded monasteries at Ebchester and St Abb's Head near Coldingham in Scotland.

Early life
Æbbe was the daughter of King Æthelfrith of Bernicia and Acha of Deira. Her brothers were Oswald of Northumbria and Oswiu.

Æthelfrith invaded the neighbouring kingdom of Deira in 604, and deposed the heir, Acha's brother Edwin, who fled into exile. Æthelfrith was the first Bernician king to also rule Deira, giving him an important place in the history of the later Kingdom of Northumbria.

Edwin took refuge in the court of King Rædwald of East Anglia, and with his support in 616, raised an army against Æthelfrith. Edwin's forces defeated and killed Æthelfrith, and Edwin gained the throne of Bernicia and Deira. The kingdom was no longer safe for Æthelfrith's children, as they presented potential rival claims to Edwin's rule. Æbbe fled north with her mother and brothers to exile in the court of Eochaid Buide of Dál Riata. It was during this time of exile in western Scotland that she and her brothers were converted to Christianity.

Life as Abbess
While the sons of Æthelfrith always represented a threat to Edwin, he was finally deposed by an alliance of the Mercian King Penda and the Welsh king Cadwallon. They raised an army against Edwin and killed him in battle in 633. Eanfrith, eldest son of Æthelfrith, and Æbbe's half-brother, returned as King of Bernicia, however the alliance proved short-lived and he was later killed by Cadwallon. The year following, Æthelfrith's son Oswald returned and drove the invaders from both Bernicia and Deira, thus establishing himself on the throne of Northumbria. He was however defeated and killed in battle in 642 by Penda, and was succeeded as king by his brother Oswiu.

With her brothers on the throne of Northumbria, Æbbe could return from exile and with their support established a monastery at Ebchester and later within the remains of a 6th-century fort at urbs Coludi, now known as Kirk Hill at St Abb's Head, latterly evolving into Coldingham Priory. This religious house lasted for about 40 years and was a double separate monastery of both monks and nuns governed by Æbbe. Legend says she became a nun to avoid the attentions of a certain Prince Aidan. However, he refused to give up his suit and it is said that due to her prayers the tide stayed high around Kirk Hill for three days and protected her. Æbbe was instrumental in the spread of Christianity to the still largely pagan Angles on the Northumbrian coast.

Her political prowess also proved important in rectifying a dispute between her nephew Ecgfrith, King of Northumbria, who had succeeded his father Oswui in 670, and the Bishop Wilfrid. Ecgfrith of Northumbria was the son of Æbbe's brother Oswiu, who arranged a marriage between the then fifteen year old Ecgfrith and Æthelthryth, daughter of King Anna of East Anglia. The dispute started with Wilfrid's support for Queen Æthelthryth, who wished despite her marriage to preserve her virginity, and to enter a monastery. With his support she had become a nun at Æbbes monastery. Æbbe educated the ex-queen Æthelthryth, first wife of Ecgfrith, who later after graduating from Æbbe's tutelage established a religious site on which now stands Ely Cathedral.

The ill feeling in court against Wilfrid continued with Ecgfrith's second wife, Iurmenburh, who became hostile to Wilfrid on account of the vast estates which he had acquired and the way he travelled about with a large armed retinue, like that of a king. This culminated in Wilfrid being imprisoned at Dunbar at Ecgfrith's whim. Thanks to Æbbe's political skills, on a visit by Ecgfrith to the monastery on Kirk hill, she managed to persuade her nephew to release the bishop.

Many double monasteries were often inhabited by the younger offspring of noble families, and would have been a place for eating, drinking and entertainment. While Æbbe, herself was noted for her own piety, she had trouble enforcing discipline at the monastery. The monks and nuns thus became very lax and worldly. This leads to one of the most famous miracles surrounding the patron saint of southeast Scotland and northeast England, St. Cuthbert who visited Æbbe's monastery to instruct the community. At night Cuthbert would disappear to bathe and pray in the sea, to stop himself succumbing to temptations of the flesh. Very early one morning, a monk from the monastery spied him praying and singing psalms in the sea and as Cuthbert came ashore, he saw or imagined he saw two otters bound out of the sea and join Cuthbert. They licked his ice cold feet until they were warm again, and dried them with their fur. The most likely location for this event is Horse Castle bay at the base of the Kirk Hill.

Death
Shortly after the death of Æbbe, and as foretold in prophecy by a monk named Adamnan, in 683 the monastery burned down. The monastic site was abandoned, and by the first half of the 8th century, as Bede confirms, the site was deserted. The early work of Æbbe in establishing the Christian religion in south-east Scotland was not forgotten, and in a book written about c. 1200 by the monks of Coldingham, they tell of many pilgrims visiting the Kirk Hill and the spring at Well Mouth, located at the top of the beach now called Horse Castle Bay. St. Æbbe's feast day is celebrated on August 25.

Archeology
The remains of a possible monastery at Coldingham was discovered near Coldingham Priory (a historical house for Benedictine monks), according to the announcement on 8 March 2019 by DigVentures, a U.K.-based group led by archaeologists and supported by crowdfunding.

title: Æbbe of Coldingham


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Turgay Şeren

Turkay Sabit Şeren (15 May 1932 – 7 July 2016) was a Turkish football player, who was a one-time goalkeeper of Galatasaray. He played for Galatasaray between 1947 and 1966 and was capped 52 times for Turkey, including two matches at the 1954 FIFA World Cup. Because of his saves against West Germany in 1951 in Berlin, he is nicknamed as "Berlin Panteri" (Panther of Berlin). He also coached Galatasaray. Şeren was awarded a testimonial match by the club in 1967 in Istanbul, inviting players like Ion Pârcălab, Lev Yashin and Ion Nunweiller.

After his retirement, Şeren became a football columnist and a television commentator.

He died at age 84 on 7 July 2016.

Galatasaray

 * Süper Lig: 1961–62, 1962–63
 * Turkish Cup: 1962–63, 1963–64, 1964–65, 1965–66
 * Turkish Super Cup: 1966
 * Istanbul Football League: 1948–49, 1954–55, 1955–56, 1957–58
 * TSYD Cup: 1963, 1966

Records

 * Most appearances for Galatasaray SK (631)
 * Most appearances at Kıtalar Arası Derbi (54)
 * Most total seasons as Galatasaray SK 1st Goalkeeper (15)

title: Turgay Şeren


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Campanário, Madeira

Campanário is a civil parish in the municipality of Ribeira Brava in the Portuguese island of Madeira. The population in 2011 was 4,582, in an area of 11.74 km².

History
The name campanário originated from the early explorers to the island of Madeira, when they passed near Cabo Girão. Upon seeing a tall islet, near this cliff face, its unusual shape (which resembled a bell tower) resulted in the region's etymology: campanário, is Portuguese for bell tower. Historically, Campanário was referred to as the celeiro das conquistas (Barn of the conquests), due to its importance in the cultivation of cereals that were exported to Northern Africa. Since the 16th century, in addition to the cultivation of wheat and rye, the fields of Campanário were sources of chestnut, also for export.

Although an exact is allusive, some documents refer to a settlement in Campanário by 1556 and a parish by 1698. Records for the parish São Brás in Campanário were begun in 1598 and are available online at FamilySearch.org. The local church was actually constructed in 1963, to substitute an older temple that was completed in 1683, in addition to a church in 1677.

Until 1835, the parish was part of the municipality of Funchal, but was transferred to Câmara de Lobos between 1835 and 1914.

Geography
The second most populous parish of Ribeira Brava, Campanário is situated along the southern coast of the municipality.

The parish consists of the following localities: Achada, Adêga, Calçada, Carmo, Chamorra, Chapim, Corujeira, Cova da Velha, Fajã dos Padres, Fajã Velha, Furnas e Amoreira, Igreja, Jardim, Lapa e Massapez, Lombo do Romão, Longueira, Lugar da Ribeira, Lugar da Serra, Palmeira, Pedra Nossa Senhora, Pedregal, Pinheiro, Porta Nova, Porto da Ribeira, Quebrada, Roda e Massapez, Rodes, São João, Serrado, Terreiros, Tranqual, Vigia and Voltas.

Economy
Of the active population, 35% are dedicated to agriculture: potato, vineyards, banana, oranges and tropical fruits, are the most profitable of these primary activities. In industry, construction, carpentry and sawmilling, automobile services, and quarrying, cement services and marble-cutting are typical jobs associated with this parish.

title: Campanário, Madeira


text:
User talk:Snowspinner~enwiki/Archive 7

Shawn Mikula
My apologies to you. This is twice Anthony has taken advantage of my assumption of good faith. I should have been suspicious about his "thank you."

What is the current status of your template to be placed and protected on VfU undeletion requests? Not that it matters since I don't think anyone but Anthony is currently playing this particular game...

Dpbsmith (talk) 15:30, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I think we should bring it up at the WP:AN page. RickK 05:38, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)

I've brought it up on the mailing list. RickK 05:48, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)

VfU
Feh, what do I get for writing 200 words of turning the original complaint on its head? An edit conflict. Thanks a lot :) -- Cyrius|✎ 16:07, 7 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Arbcom / LLR / majority
While I appreciate your concern for the number of people required for a majority on the case, there are still only nine active arbitrators (arbitors?) hearing the case - Nohat is inactive, and Ambi and mav are away. The majority of the nine arbitrators active on the case, then, is five. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 14:31, 2005 Feb 10 (UTC)
 * Apology accepted; it just might be a better idea to ask someone before changing those things when an arbcom page is involved. :) -- Grunt 🇪🇺 15:59, 2005 Feb 10 (UTC)

Talk:Winter Soldier Investigation
Get involved, if you wish. I am at a state where I'm uncertain what to do. -- AllyUnion (talk) 15:38, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * I've increased two WikiStress levels since unprotecting the articles, by the way. They are still at it on the discussion page.  And I have this creepy feeling that someone is watching my contributions. -- AllyUnion (talk) 15:42, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Mr Natural
How long is his block supposed to be for? RickK 21:32, Feb 13, 2005 (UTC)

But isn't he banned from editing medical articles period? RickK 21:37, Feb 13, 2005 (UTC)

LaRouche
It's very decent of you to apologize. Thank you. You've nothing to reproach yourself over, though; it was very hard for anyone to see the extent of what he was doing, and no one knew about the sockpuppets until recently. Best, SlimVirgin 00:01, Feb 14, 2005 (UTC)

38.119.107.72
What makes you think that this is "Mr. Treason"? As far as I can tell, his nonsensical posts on Wikipedia talk:Blocking policy stem from a dispute over French legislation on cult abuses, a subject in which Treason never showed the slightest hint of interest. The IP belongs to PSINet, which Treason never used. I've unblocked it. —Charles P. (Mirv) 01:17, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

VfD on Jewish ethnocentralism
The logs are such a mess. See Votes_for_deletion/Jewish_ethnocentrism/Logs -- AllyUnion (talk) 22:13, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Are you around?
If so, please could you come to #en.wikipedia for a moment? I'd like to discuss Anthony. Thanks -- sannse (talk) 21:04, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * OK, thanks - sannse (talk) 21:22, 15 Feb 2005 (UTC)

WP:VIP
Um... you were listed at WP:VIP by a User:John Gohde -- AllyUnion (talk) 16:32, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Arbitration request against Xed
I've abstained for the moment waiting on evidence with the request (though a sub-page like ChrisO did with WikiUser is also suitable) - David Gerard 20:09, 16 Feb 2005 (UTC)

This matter has been accepted and is at Requests_for_arbitration/Xed. Evidence to Requests_for_arbitration/Xed/Evidence. It is uncertain whether or not the offlist email can be considered as evidence in this matter, a ruling on that will be necessary. Fred Bauder 14:49, Feb 17, 2005 (UTC)

User:John-1107
You are going to have to redo your block I removed it accidently when I removed my 30 min block (don't ask). I would suggest that first you read what is going on at Administrators' noticeboard/3RR though.Geni 02:16, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Thank you
A very big thank you, Snowspinner, for your contribution to sorting out the LaRouche problem. SlimVirgin 05:12, Feb 19, 2005 (UTC)

WP:POINT
I have notieced that your RVs and edit summaries are violating the non-guideline:WP:POINT. Please stop them immediately! -- John Gohde 05:29, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Please explain how. Snowspinner 06:18, Feb 27, 2005 (UTC)

Also, please STOP stalking my edits. You are not following any list, you are following my edits. If you persist in deleting THE infobox in the same edit that you have added categories: TOUGH! I will persist in reverting your edits. Your last edit of natural health deleted THE infobox despite the fact that your categories were still intact as you last left them. Therefore, I suggest that your re-read Categories, lists, and series_boxes. You wrote most of it, and its failure to mention infoboxes says that that categories and infoboxes are not redundant because they share absolutely nothing in common. The really funny part is that you forgot to delete a few of my infoboxes, despite your addition of more dumb categories. -- John Gohde 13:18, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * As I have said previously, I do not object to the infobox because of the categories, lists, and series boxes policy. I object because it is not an infobox, but rather an attempt to make your categories shinier and more special than everybody else's. Snowspinner 13:21, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * I am not interested in your inability to function by the rules. I follow the rules.  And, your rules are not Categories, infoboxes, lists, and series_boxes. They are Categories, lists, and series_boxes.  Ergo, any infobox that follows the rules stays, despite your problems.  Have you read any of the articles on pyschology, shrinks, or perhaps stress counciling?  I recommended strongly that you take a 2 year leave of absence. -- John Gohde 14:34, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * The rules do not comprise an exhaustive list of bad ideas. Snowspinner 17:15, Feb 28, 2005 (UTC)

User:Anthony DiPierro/Shawn Mikula
I have restored the page for the purpose that it can be reviewed for Arbritration. Please do not delete it until the matter of Arbritration is resolved. Thank you. -- AllyUnion (talk) 14:08, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

I'm glad you're seeking further sanction on this issue. Please be sure that the arbitration committee sees the text of the undeletion discussion, because his shady "explanations" go a great length towards showing his lack of good faith (particularly his patently false claim that it was "completely different"). I think the only solution to his conduct is to permanently block him from editing in the wikipedia namespace. Postdlf 23:09, 27 Feb 2005 (UTC)

IRC
I've taken off Netoholic's ban on #Wikipedia. I feel (after sleeping and calming down) that it's right to put this down to a misunderstanding -- sannse (talk) 11:44, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Cage Match
It's more along the lines of not disrupting wikipedia for the sake of your own petty battles. You took away his precious template and broke his links, he got pissy and put a TFD notice on a popular template. I personally think that the changes you made to the Alternative medicine project could have been made with more notice and consensus, to avoid antagonizing people, but he reacted immaturely, and the end result was something that could have been settled much more quickly and simply with a couple of folding chairs and a steel cage. Night Gyr 18:07, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)
 * Looks like Ms. Pissy will forfeit the match by leaving the building. Yeah, if that Snowspinner violates WP:POINT it is perfectly okay, but if I do the exact same thing, well it is because I am immature. Now, exactly who here does not have a life because they live on Wikipedia? -- John Gohde 17:39, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

John Gohde
Is John Gohde the same as Mr. Natural Health? Has he or has he not been banned? See my Talk page and the comments I made on WP:AN/I. RickK 05:28, Mar 1, 2005 (UTC)

IRC
Sorry I left IRC all of a sudden. I have something important that needs to be attended to right now. anthony 警告 17:36, 1 Mar 2005 (UTC)

You're leaving!
I'm so sorry that the trolls and vandals have exhausted you so. I feel sure that, when you're awake enough to find the keyboard, you'll be back - David Gerard 15:22, 3 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah! Taking my advice I see. -- John Gohde 10:17, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Sockpuppets
I believe you know something on the subject. Or may know someone who is. I need some advice on the Javier Solana article, and wonderedc if you could recommend someone. --SqueakBox 02:31, Mar 4, 2005 (UTC)

The Recycling Troll
Somebody editing since 21 September 2004 doesn't particularly qualify as a new user, I would think. While I understand the concern about stalking, that sort of issue should be handled through the normal dispute resolution process, I believe. --Michael Snow 04:40, 4 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi Snowspinner - I unblocked TRT - there seems to be no reason to block that user under the current guidelines. While I share your concerns, I don't actually think s/he has done anything wrong. Simply editing pages that other users have edited doesn't really seem to be a problem, there is no vandalism or abuse. Let me know what you think, it may be appropriate to file a complaint, or at least discuss it with the user. Best wishes, Mark Richards 03:05, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I hear what you're saying, but really, I don't think that this user has done anything that warrents blocking. If you're right, they will do something that is against policy soon anyway, but the point shouldn't be to try to find a way to block them, they're making good edits right now, why not let it go? I don't think the record of previous users with similar names is relevant, and getting sucked into a debate about how many of another user's edits one is allowed to edit before it becomes harrassment seems fruitless. I think that it is something that we will have to learn to live with - I don't think we can make policy that you can't edit the same pages as someone else, even if you do it systematically. The address for the mailing list, and the suggestion that blocked users take their complaint there, is on the blocking page iirc, but I will check that. Also, they have been here since October 2004, so they're really not a new user, so I don't think disruption blocks are appropriate. Do me a favour and let this one go, I realy don't think there is any basis to block this user. If there'e a complaint about editing the same pages as Rick, I would suggest he take it up with the user or with the arbcom. Thanks, Mark Richards 11:06, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Manual of Style
Snowspinner, you commented recently on the MoS page, and so I'm writing to ask whether you have a view on an issue about which we've reached stalemate. The current MoS says that topics specific to a certain country must be written in the English commonly used in that country. I disagree with this. I think editors should be allowed to write as they see fit, so long as the page is consistent, and that imposing rules about style is nationalist and instruction creep. In the case of an edit dispute over the issue, I'd like the first-major-contributor rule to kick in. However, I'm almost alone in that position. As a compromise, I therefore asked if we could define "topics specific to" to exclude individuals so that, for example, an article about a novelist wouldn't have to be in the style of country he was born in or lived in, and so on, unless they're office holders (e.g. president, prime-minister). That is also being opposed by two editors, Philip Baird Shearer and Jguk. We've been discussing it for ages; and they reverted when I added it. One of them also added the page to the policy category without discussion, though that's now been removed.

Part of me just thinks to let them have their way; but another part of me is annoyed about the nationalism of it, which I see as contrary to the spirit of this project. It would mean when writing about, say, an artist, we'd have to work out the number of years s/he had lived here or there to find out which country "owned" him/her. But maybe I'm wrong to care about this, and I'm probably about to give up as it's gone on too long. Anyway, you seem to have a very clear head and a good sense of what the community wants, so if you have a view on this, it would be much appreciated if you could add it to Talk:Manual of Style. But if you'd rather not, no worries. SlimVirgin 10:30, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)

 * Stop press. We appear to have reached a compromise. But do feel free to leave a comment anyway if you have a view. Best, SlimVirgin 10:51, Mar 5, 2005 (UTC)

Fashionable Nonsense
I've left this message because I noticed you engaging in a discussion with users who are attempting to spread popularization of the viewpoint stated in Alan Sokal and Jean Bricmont's book Fashionable Nonsense and related events. I've begun an attempt to create a repository that will attempt to, ultimately, remove this misinformed position from an ideally-neutral Wikipedia, except to acknowledge the viewpoint in its own context.

This attempt isn't going so well, so I'm contacting people like you whom I've seen discussing the topic earlier than I've intended. See both the intended meta-article and its discussion page for details.

Fashionable Nonsense is not a scholarly work

If you're interested in contributing in any way, please feel free to do so. If not, thank you for your other contributions to Wikipedia.

VermillionBird 00:59, 2005 Mar 6 (UTC)

 * Thank you for your feedback regarding this. I find it valuable, but it leaves me with a question:  What distinguishes POV from accuracy?  I could certainly cite textual sources that assert that the moon is made of green cheese but that material (that POV?) doesn't belong in an encyclopedia except in the context of literature.  I haven't been able to find published Wikipedia policy that suggests a dividing line.  Is there such? VermillionBird 16:33, 2005 Mar 8 (UTC)

Why the deletion
SimonP tells me to renominate the article and you have deleted it. Why?WHEELER 21:27, 6 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * Wheeler is insisting that his article be linked to from the republic article. I believe that a page that is deleted is also one not worth linking to and that VfU is the only proper method to restore content VfDed. - SimonP 21:47, Mar 6, 2005 (UTC)

Isn't their a process in place to undelete articles? By deleting the request, you voted for all the Wikipedians. You stole their "right to vote". You acted like judge, jury, and executioner all at the same time. Why won't you let the process forward? I have new information. I can request an undelete for "new information". You did not check the merits of the case; you abruptly deleted. I don't think that is very "Barnstarish" of you and your position. WHEELER 18:28, 7 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Deletion of Anthere's images.
You said: "When deleting an image uploaded by a respected and longtime contributor, you don't delete without asking questions first. Had you asked Anthere, she could have explained. But you didn't. And you offended a good contributor with it."

This is true. Which is why I apologized to her. You can see more details on her talk page.

Also, in the past two weeks, I have deleted over a thousand images. Over 99% of these were done by the book, but in two of these, I made a mistake. (I did list them on IFD. I did ensure they were not used in any articles. I did ensure that they did not have any licensing or source information. But I did not leave a message on the uploader's talk page.) I'm human and I make mistakes.

Wikipedia would be a better place if we all focused on the 99% of things that people do right, instead of the few times people mess up. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 20:39, Mar 7, 2005 (UTC)

Request for mediation
You blocked me without due cause. You were wrong to accuse me of being a vandal because as the policy says:

"Bullying or stubbornness Some users cannot come to agreement with others who are willing to talk to them on an article's talk page, and repeatedly make changes opposed by everyone else. This is a matter of regret—you may wish to see our dispute resolution pages to get help. However, it is not vandalism."

I am not seeking to disrupt Wikipedia. I am trying to build a consensus that includes more views than the majority view you hold. You have falsely accused me of not acting in good faith.

I am asking you to enter mediation with me. I am not going to ask for sanction on you for abuse of your admin powers, although I do believe that you abused them and have forgotten that you are bound by the policies just like any other user. I am hoping to avoid further acrimony by sorting out this issue with you.

I ask you not to further abuse your powers until we have finished the mediation process. If you agree, I will not make the edit you find contentious until the mediation is completed. However, if you do not, I will continue to edit as I see fit. I won't be bullied by an admin who is acting outside policy to push his POV.Dr Zen 01:13, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Anthere
''There are a handful of users on Wikipedia where, should you find yourself in conflict with them, it is almost certain that you have done something wrong. Anthere is one of them''. Oh, please. Her virulent anti-Americanism is enough to put one off their feed. RickK 06:40, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Hiya snowspinner, thanks a lot for your comments; They helped me feel bettter. RickK, sorry, but the fact is that I am only slightly anti-american, and only against those who are dumb and nasty. I am also anti-french, for all those who are dumb and nasty. There is just as much stupidity in my nation than in yours. None of us could win here :-)
 * Also, I could not be really anti-american I guess since it would be against my son :-) He was american long before being french. I would not be against him, nor against actually against any of the americans I met when I lived there. Tssss :-) Anthere

Snowspinner, there have been other users who have commented on your notice to me on my talk page. Just in case you're interested. – Quadell (talk) (sleuth) 20:29, Mar 8, 2005 (UTC)

Arbitration Committee ruling
The case against Xed has closed. Please see the final decision for details. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 04:04, 2005 Mar 9 (UTC)

Arbitration
You forgot to bother with mediation. POV pushers always go straight to RfC or RfAr, so no surprise. Dude, you're one of the worst offenders against Wikiquette that I've come across. If anyone needs arbitrating, it's you.Dr Zen 05:09, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Snowspinner RfC
I'm new to RfCs, but mainly I was hoping to resolve the argument that was going on at the Noticeboard, and find a way to clarify the blocking policy. You said you would like to see the policy clarified too. Is there a better way to do that than an RfC? Rad Racer 18:25, 9 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Arbitration Committee case opening
The Arbitration Committee has accepted the request for arbitration against WHEELER. Please bring evidence to Requests for arbitration/WHEELER/Evidence. Thank you. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 20:20, 2005 Mar 9 (UTC)

Arbitration Committee case opening
The Arbitration Committee has accepted the case against Dr Zen. Please bring evidence to Requests for arbitration/Dr Zen/Evidence. Thank you. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 22:24, 2005 Mar 10 (UTC)

Perhaps you should offer as evidence that I offered to mediate with you and you didn't bother answering?Dr Zen 04:57, 12 Mar 2005 (UTC)

CfD
Hey Snowspinner, I noticed you replied on Cfd for the alt med stubs deletion. It seems that you understand my point in creating CAM-stub (template) --> Alternative medicine stubs (category), so as an admin, could you take care of the deletion? I'd like to start splitting the "alt med stubs" from the "med stubs" as soon as possible. --CDN99 12:25, 15 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Everyking
Upon extensive review, The Ashlee Simpson Show, having at the same an in-depth coversation with Everyking, I came to the conclusion that this change is not a revert, and I shall also explain my reasoning for this. Everyking didn't say he didn't want the link to be featured; he said he didn't think that it was relevant enough to be included as an external link for the entire show, as opposed to one incident. The link is now a citation within the article. I unblocked Everyking because his argument made more sense than the argument that he was simply reverting a change. I will be keeping track of Everyking's subsequent edits, and I am afraid that you have failed to assume good faith with Everyking's promise. Should he break his promise, I will stand right with you and re-block him. -- M e r o v i n g i a n (t) (c) (w) 02:59, Mar 19, 2005 (UTC)

Request for mediation
I'd like to make a formal request for mediation with you. anthony 警告 15:12, 19 Mar 2005 (UTC)

I've never been through mediation, so maybe that's why I have better hopes for it than you. It certainly can't be worse than arbitration, which I'm somewhat more familiar with. As for the issues you have with me being broad, I don't intend for you to speak for the community. I just want you to drop your personal campaign against me. What other people do is up to them.

If you'd rather wait for the arb case to finish first I suppose we can do that. But really we should mediate first, and the arb case shouldn't have been brought in the first place. At this point I really don't see what the two have to do with each other. The arb case between me and you is pretty much resolved, what's left is the arb case between me and Mark. anthony 警告 15:43, 19 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Inspiration
"So, in an act of inspired lunacy, I request arbitration against myself." Snowspinner 16:27, Mar 19, 2005 (UTC) LOL! SlimVirgin 16:51, Mar 19, 2005 (UTC)

thank you for the revert of my user:talk page

 * Courtland 17:31, 2005 Mar 19 (UTC)
 * Keep up the good work and Happy wiki-ing! Eleassar777 18:41, 19 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Arbitration
I have requested arbitration against you. Snowspinner 18:51, Mar 19, 2005 (UTC)

 * Make sure you don't write in the other party's evidence section. SlimVirgin 22:55, Mar 19, 2005 (UTC)

Arbitration Committee cases opening
The Arbitration Committee has accepted the cases against Netoholic and Everyking. Please bring evidence to Requests for arbitration/Netoholic 2/Evidence and Requests for arbitration/Everyking 2/Evidence respectively. Thank you. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 04:06, 2005 Mar 20 (UTC)

Question
I've got a bit of non-trivial evidence for the Netoholic RFA case... Dated October, 2004. What do you — as one of the involved parties — reckon – add to evidence or let it be? — Itai (f&t) 06:34, 20 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * You did receive my (slightly long) email, right? As I said, this is ancient history, but it's the best I can come up with. — Itai (f&t) 22:03, 21 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Snowspinner.
We seem to have crossed on our reversion of your almost Doppelgänger's edits. It's strange, because I had no edit conflict — I just found that the result was under your name not mine. I've tagged his page as a sockpuppet, but I don't know whose. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 23:56, 21 Mar 2005 (UTC)

your block of User:John-1107
What in the world does "Claiming non-existant judicial legitimacy" mean, and how does that justify a 1 month block? -- Netoholic @ 01:56, 2005 Mar 22 (UTC)

 * Have you filed an RFC? Did you give him any warning you were going to implement a 1 month block?  If the answer to either of these is no, then unblock him and follow those procedures.  Do I really need to go to the WP:AN?  -- Netoholic @ 02:18, 2005 Mar 22 (UTC)

Arbitration request
As you've indicated apparent interest in having an arbitration case opened against you, I have filed a request for arbitration against you. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 04:24, 2005 Mar 22 (UTC)

CAMInfobox
You deleted an infobox on Acupuncture and Homeopathy with the summary, "This infobox duplicates content from the deleted Template:CAMInfobox." What is this about? If the info is redundant, how do I find it as a user? Or is there a discussion somewhere that comes to the conclusion that such information is not useful at all? Thanks. Art Carlson 06:57, 2005 Mar 22 (UTC)

Is the discussion on the infobox template archived somewhere? Art Carlson 16:01, 2005 Mar 22 (UTC)

 * No actually, Snowspinner is just engaing in stalking, harassament, vandalism, and making threating messages on my talk page about these infoboxes, as usual. And, I am so tied of this piece of garabage that I am going to AC on this one. -- John Gohde 01:09, 23 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Coolcat DAO request
As you asked, I have investigated User:Coolcat's conduct, and compiled some notes on the case at User:Blankfaze/CoolcatDAO. BLANKFAZE | (что??) 20:07, 23 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Thank you
Snowspinner, thank you very much for voting for me in my adminship nomination. I really appreciate your support. SlimVirgin 00:29, Mar 24, 2005 (UTC)

Fate of DAO
I'm afraid that your worthy enterprise is doomed. The Wikipedia community is reaching a state where division and discontent and rivalries prevent anything productive and helpful from being done. There has not been a time in my tenure here in which I have moreso wanted to leave this project. Thanks for the effort, though. Maybe we can retain the page in your userspace, perhaps? Not sure. BLANKFAZE | (что??) 23:31, 24 Mar 2005 (UTC)

"Thank you, Masked Man!"
I think it would be better all round if Snowspinner...considered why what he is doing is thankless...
 * jguk 20:49, 24 Mar 2005 (UTC)

He's right, and something must be done!

Thank you, Masked Man!

 * 1) Calton | Talk 01:31, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Suggestion of Range Blocking a Vandal
A multiple IP vandal has repeatedly vandalised Mari Holden, Sports in Lithuania, Rasa Polikeviciute, and Diana Ziliute which I have subsequently protected after 48hrs of vandalism. Asbestos and Mel Etitis have suggested the possiblity of a range block, since protection is not a long term solution. I have limited expertise in that regard, and as you are online. I was hoping you might advise them. -JCarriker 13:06, Mar 25, 2005 (UTC)

Perhaps you didn't read my message. The archives are at User talk:Anthony DiPierro/Archive. That's very easy to reach. Now why do you have to continue to cause trouble? anthony 警告 23:17, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * The lack of clear sign as to how one would get to the talk page archive is a bit of a problem. Also, things like RFA and RFAr require notification, which requires some publicness. There needs to be a page where people can publicly notify you of something. Snowspinner 23:24, Mar 25, 2005 (UTC)

 * I don't intend to make any edits on Wikipedia for the next 3 months, so there is no reason for anyone to publically notify me of anything. anthony 警告 23:26, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Your Requests for comment
Since it appears Netoholic does not wish to avail himself of the second RfC about you that UninvitedCompany created for him, I have redirected it to the original RfC about you. Since this removed your brief statement there, I thought I should let you know in case you object. But since you were the only one to actually post a statement there, and the page didn't seem likely to get used for anything, I figured it was better to get rid of it altogether. --Michael Snow 06:01, 26 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Please see
User_talk:Alex756. I think you 2 should talk. He is the AMA coordinator in case you didn't know. Cheers, (Sam Spade | talk | contributions) 12:11, 26 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Arbitration Committee case opening
The case John Gohde v. Snowspinner has been accepted by the Arbitration Committee. Please bring evidence to Requests for arbitration/John Gohde v. Snowspinner/Evidence. Thank you. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 19:33, 2005 Mar 26 (UTC)

Arbitration Committee ruling
The case against Anthony DiPierro has closed. Please see Requests for arbitration/Anthony DiPierro 2 for details. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 23:49, 2005 Mar 26 (UTC)

Arbitration Committee ruling
The case against Dr Zen has closed. Please see the final decision for details. -- Grunt 🇪🇺 00:31, 2005 Mar 27 (UTC)

S.O.S
Turkey, Kurdistan Workers Party, and Abdullah Ocalan are constantly being vandalised bu User:Stereotek, also other articles I edot. His dealings with me started after my neutrality request for the Armenian Genocide article and is ona conquest to find any of my work and revert it. The user is "hunting" me down and you must stop that. I do not care about mediation when a user starts hunting me down. I am getting serriously annoyed with this person and his conquest against me. This is an open personal attack. Check history of those articles. User must be stoped otherwise there is no reason for me to contribute to wikipedia since he reverts any edit I make aside from my edits on Ranks and Insignia of NATO. --Cool Cat My Talk 20:08, 27 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Unblocking
Hi, I saw that you unblocked Quinlan a mere 10 min after I blocked him re a 3RR violation. I do not think it is very good style to unblock an uncontroversial block without any explanation on the relevant page. If Quinlan had been communicating with you than you could have brought this up there. I am not too upset about you unblocking, but about the way you went about it. Refdoc 08:13, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Vandalism
Someone at Klingon Wikipedia who is obsessed with the Autofellatio picture is trying to frame you and other English Wikipedia administrators. → Jarlaxle Artemis   23:58, Mar 29, 2005 (UTC)

Developer needed!
Hey Snowspinner, Do you know a trustworthy developer that can check my IP addresses, and honestly prove that I am not Alex Plank? I am really in need for a good developer. Thanks. --Lst27 ( t a l k )  01:15, 31 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Pope
Pope John Paul II has now been locked by Adam Bishop, --SqueakBox 22:15, Apr 2, 2005 (UTC)

Category tags on non/semi/official policy
If you remove the templates, , or , please be sure that you add one of the appropriate category tags in its place so that we do not lose track of the page. This would be, , , or in most cases. Please note that with few exceptions I followed the existing category tags when adding boilerplate, and welcome discussion on any recategorization that may be necessary. The Uninvited Co., Inc. 21:38, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

comments
Re this: Policy should fairly apply at all times. The reason I reported your violation was because you posted John's violation. You have to expect people will look into the page history, and having done that, I spotted your violation. I have done the same very often.

Check this out. On this occasion, Aberglas contacted me on my talk page asking for help dealing with Ambi (I dunno why). I did look at it, and reported them both for the violations.

Please take back your new section, as it is not against policy, posits an incorrect assertion, and was not personal. -- Netoholic @ 03:24, 2005 Apr 7 (UTC)

I do not intend to take it back. It seems, on the surface, hypocritical to at the same time demand two different readings of the 3RR for two different people. That's my problem. That you apply different standards for different people. Snowspinner 03:31, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * That is my assertion often when it comes to applying penalties to admins vs non-admins.  It is a point of view thing, and a long-standing debate.  It isn't something that is fair to add as evidence against me.  Even if it was true that I want to "apply standards differently", why would you include that in the case?   I could say the same about you, but I can't bring myself to add that as a viewpoint is irrelevant.  Is it fair to try to Arbitrate ideas? -- Netoholic @ 03:41, 2005 Apr 7 (UTC)

The bad faith you display with your double standard is relevent. Snowspinner 03:46, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * What does "bad faith" even mean?  Do you mean "bad intentions"?   I've shown above how I am completely against having double standards.  Where have you seen me do or say otherwise?  Are you drawing this conclusion simply because on occasion I have defended one side and wanted another side punished?  -- Netoholic @ 03:54, 2005 Apr 7 (UTC)

Policy classification
I see your point for reclassifying RPA. However, given our current methods of classifying policies I find it hard to agree with it. I believe we may need extra classification, or we may need to rethink it. "Official policy" is clear. "Semi-policy" is not, however - in this case, it refers to something that is commonly done but that is subject to substantial controversy (see RPA talk). In other cases, such as style guides, it is something that nearly everybody agrees to, but that doesn't sound 'official'. Similarly, "rejected" can refer to something that hasn't gathered consensus, OR to something that has gathered significant consensus opposed to it. Radiant_* 17:20, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Snowspinner~enwiki/Archive 7


text:
Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission

The Federal Mine Safety and Health Review Commission is an independent adjudicative agency of the United States government that provides administrative trial and appellate review of legal disputes arising under the Federal Mine Safety and Health Amendments Act, or Mine Act, of 1977.

Under the Mine Act, the U.S. Department of Labor issues regulations covering health and safety in the nation's mines. Federal mine inspectors employed by the Department's Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) enforce these regulations by issuing citations and orders to mine operators. The commission is concerned solely with the adjudication of disputes under the Mine Act, including the determination of appropriate penalties. It does not regulate mining or enforce the Mine Act. The commission was established as an independent agency to ensure its impartiality.

Most cases deal with civil penalties assessed against mine operators and address whether the alleged safety and health violations occurred as well as the appropriateness of proposed penalties. Other types of cases include orders to close a mine, miners' charges of safety related discrimination and miners’ requests for compensation after the mine is idled by a closure order.

The commission's administrative law judges (ALJs) decide cases at the trial level. The five-member Commission provides appellate review. Commissioners are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. Review of an ALJ decision by the commission is not guaranteed but requires the affirmative vote of two Commissioners. Most of the cases accepted for review are generated from petitions filed by parties adversely affected by an ALJ decision. However, cases can also be accepted based on the commission's own direction for review. An ALJ decision that is not accepted for review becomes a final, non-precedential order of the commission. Appeals from the commission's decisions are to the U.S. courts of appeals.

Procedures for appealing cases to the commission are contained in its Rules of Procedure published in 29 CFR Part 2700. The commission also publishes these rules in a separate pamphlet. A brochure, entitled "How a Case Proceeds Before the Commission" is also available. The commission's headquarters and Office of Administrative Law Judges are co-located in Washington, D.C., with an additional OALJ's offices in Denver, Colorado and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Currently, the commission has a budget of more than US$18 million and a staff of 76 employees.