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John Dalton (disambiguation)

John Dalton (1766–1844) was a scientist who pioneered modern atomic theory.

John Dalton may also refer to:

 * John Dalton (American football) (1889–1919), American football player for Navy
 * John Dalton (architect) (1927–2007), Australian architect
 * John Dalton (author), American author
 * John Dalton (bishop) (c. 1821–1869), Roman Catholic bishop
 * John Dalton (divine) (1814–1874), Catholic divine and translator from Latin, Spanish, and German
 * John Dalton (musician) (born 1943), former member of the Kinks
 * John Dalton (soldier) (died 1981), British Army general and father of Richard Dalton
 * John Call Dalton (1825–1889), American physiologist
 * John Howard Dalton (born 1941), US Secretary of the Navy
 * John M. Dalton (1900–1972), Governor of Missouri
 * John N. Dalton (1931–1986), Governor of Virginia from 1978 to 1982
 * John Neale Dalton (1839–1931), Anglican clergyman, Royal chaplain and tutor
 * John Dalton (MP) (1610–1679), English politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1659 and 1679
 * John Dalton (hurler) (born 1985), Irish hurler
 * John Dalton (poet) (1709–1763), English cleric and poet
 * John Dalton (priest), Anglican priest in Ireland

title: John Dalton (disambiguation)


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User:Codazzi~enwiki

cod

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:Codazzi~enwiki


text:
User talk:Codazzi~enwiki

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Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Codazzi. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Codazzi~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

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 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:41, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Codazzi~enwiki


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May 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

May 17—Eastern Orthodox Church calendar—May 19

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on May 31 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For May 18th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on May 5.

Saints

 * Martyrs Peter of Lampsacus, Andrew, Paul, Dionysia, and Christina, under Decius (c. 249 - 251)
 * Martyrs Heraclius, Paulinus, and Benedimus of Athens.
 * Martyr Euphrasia of Nicaea (c. 303)
 * Martyr Galactia
 * Martyr Julian
 * Martyr Theodotus of Ancyra, and with him eight virgin-martyrs:
 * Alexandra, Tecusa, Claudia, Phaine (Thaïna), Euphrasia, Theodota, Matrona, and Julia (304)  (see also: June 7 and November 6)

 * Martyr Dioscorus, in Cynopolis of Egypt (305)
 * Martyrs Symeon, Isaac, and Bachtisius of Persia (339)
 * Hieromartyr Potamon (Palæmon), Bishop of Heraclea in Egypt, and Confessor (340)
 * The Holy clergy and lay martyrs massacred under Emperor Valens (364-378)
 * Martyrs David and Tarechan, of Georgia (693)
 * Patriarch Stephen the New of Constantinople (893)
 * Saint Anastaso (Anastasia) of Leukadion (or Laucation), near the Bithinian sea-shore
 * Saint Martinian of Areovinthus (Areobindus, Areovinchus), monk of the church of the Theotokos of the Areovinthus quarter, Constantinople
 * Hosios Stephanos the Chorabyte

Pre-Schism Western saints

 * Martyr Venantius of Camerino (250)
 * Hieromartyr Felix, Bishop of Spoleto, in Umbria (304)
 * Hieromartyr Pope John I of Rome (526)
 * Hieromartyr Pope Theodore I of Rome (649)
 * Martyr Merililaun (Merolilaun), a pilgrim murdered near Rheims and venerated as a martyr (8th century)
 * Saint Feredarius (Feradach mac Cormaic), Abbot of Iona (c. 880)
 * Saint Elgiva, Widow of King Edmund, Abbess of Shaftesbury (944)

Post-Schism Orthodox saints

 * Saint Macarius (Glukharev) of the Altai, Archimandrite (1847)
 * Saint John Gashkevich, Archpriest of Korma (1917)

New martyrs and confessors

 * New Hieromartyr Michael Vinogradov, priest (1932)
 * New Hieromartyr Damian (Damjan) Strbac, Jr., priest of Grahovo, Serbia (1941)
 * New Hieromartyr Basil Krylov, priest (1942)

Other commemorations

 * Translation of the relics of Saint Mildred of Thanet (Mildthryth), Abbess of Minster-in-Thanet (8th century)
 * Repose of Blessed Philip, founder of the Gethsemane Caves Skete of St. Sergius Lavra (1869)

title: May 18 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Renato Bacelar da Silveira

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 19:50, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)

Renato Bacelar da Silveira
Purely vanity. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 11:15, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, classic vanity. Megan1967 12:35, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * He has many ideas, many hopes... and unfortunately, one of those hopes is getting himself a regular full-fledged article without having sufficient notability. This is better suited for a user page; delete this content.  It's already on his user page (User:Renatodasil) anyway. --Idont Havaname 04:18, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: There are quite a few Google results on "Renato Silveira" and about 500 on "Renato da Silveira", in case either of those is this guy. A lot of the ones for the latter are in Portuguese, so it would better if somebody who knows Portuguese could figure out what they're saying and tell us if he's notable.  But as of yet I doubt it. --Idont Havaname 04:21, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * As per Idont's suggestion, I had a look round Google to see what's up with our man Renato. As it happens, all three of his names are exceedingly common in Portuguese, and that's why Google produces so many hits.  It's as if an English-speaker were named John Smith Brown or similar.  This particular Renato is what he says he is; a 26-year-old Brazilian living in South Africa, which is a fine thing to be, but info better left to a user page.  I, after all, am a 26-year-old Georgian living in Kentucky; while I am indubitably fascinating, I'll wait for someone else to write an article on me.Dave1898 12:13, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete. Such pages should not take precious time of those few people on VfD. Pavel Vozenilek 02:22, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Baldassare Ferri

Baldassare Ferri (9 December 1610 – 10 September 1680) was an Italian castrato singer. He is said to have possessed "extraordinary endurance of breath, flexibility of voice and depth of emotion".

History
He was born in Perugia, and at the age of eleven was a chorister to Cardinal Crescenzi, at Orvieto. In his youth, he had an 'ugly accident', which necessitated an 'operation which permanently preserved his magnificent soprano voice'. He remained a chorister in Orvieto until 1655, when the Swedish invasion broke up the court. Four years later the Prince, and later Wladislaus IV, of Poland, secured Ferri's services for the Court of Sigismund III, at Warsaw. In 1655 the singer entered the service of Ferdinand III in Vienna.

He received many honors from royalty and the nobles of various countries, and was one of the most renowned singers of his time. In 1654 he journeyed to Sweden to sing by request before Queen Christine, his voice even then being famous throughout Europe. He was made a knight of St. Mark of Venice in 1643, sonnets were written in his honor, and he was crowned by his countrymen with roses. Five years before his death Ferri returned to his native country. He died exceedingly rich and left a great deal of money to charity. His voice was a wonderful organ, a beautiful soprano, with a limpid quality that musicians of the time declared was "indescribable." His intonation was perfect and all musicians spoke of his length of breath which was almost inexhaustible, and at all times his singing was quiet and expressive. While singing, Ferri was often 'motionless as a statue'.

title: Baldassare Ferri


text: Category:Buildings and structures in Essex


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Easton, Bristol

Easton is an inner city area of the city of Bristol in the United Kingdom. Informally the area is considered to stretch east of Bristol city centre and the M32 motorway, centred on Lawrence Hill. Its southern and eastern borders are less defined, merging into St Philip's Marsh and Eastville. The area includes the Lawrence Hill and Barton Hill estates.

In administrative terms, Easton comprises the electoral wards of Easton and part of Lawrence Hill. It is located within the Bristol West constituency. The electoral ward of Easton includes parts of the localities of Netham and Whitehall, and a large part of Greenbank. The Bristol & Bath Railway Path passes through the ward.

Easton is noted for its culturally diverse community, centred on the shopping streets of Stapleton Road and St Marks Road, the latter noted for the exuberant sculpted signs that hang above many of the shop doors and the architecturally striking illuminated dome of Easton Mosque. There are a number of Moroccan and Indian subcontinent restaurants and shops specialising in organic and ethnic foods.

History
In the medieval period Easton lay within the Royal Forest of Kingswood in the manor of Barton Regis. The name Easton is probably derived from the Anglo-Saxon East Tun meaning East Farm. The earliest documentary reference to Easton is Chester and Master's 1610 Map of Kingswood, which depicts three settlements: Upper Easton, which was centered on Easton Road, Lower Easton, which was centered on St Marks Road, and Baptist Mills, on the east bank of the River Frome.

In the post-medieval period the area became increasingly industrial with large scale extraction of coal, clay and sand occurring across the area. In the 19th century most of Easton was developed for housing.

In the late 1960s and 70s large areas of Easton were demolished to make way for new roads (A4320 Easton Way and the M32 Motorway) and housing estates.

During the late 20th century, Easton developed a reputation for crime and drugs problems, and by 2005 it was described by The Sunday People newspaper as "Britain's most dangerous street". In 2002, the Home Secretary David Blunkett visited Stapleton Road when announcing it as one of five areas with high crime rates to receive additional government support for policing. During this time, Easton was one of the most deprived areas in the south west of England, with the Lawrence Hill ward the most deprived ward in the region and one of the most deprived in Britain. This resulted in the area being granted European Union objective 2 status and 'New Deal for Communities' status by the UK government which is only granted to the most underprivileged urban wards.

In the 2010s, Easton's reputation began to shift to that of a neighbourhood experiencing gentrification, with the Bristol Post describing it as having been "in the grip of gentrification" since 2015. In 2019, Time Out magazine named Easton one of its "top 50 coolest neighbourhoods" in the world. In 2020, one analysis of house prices named Easton as the British neighbourhood where prices had risen by the highest percentage over the last decade.

Demographics
The Census 2011 reported that Easton has a higher proportion of under 10s and people in the 25–44 age group than the England and Wales average, but fewer 10 to 15 year olds and people aged over 45.

Banksy
Banksy lived in Easton in the 1990s. There are several of his artworks in the area, although the council inadvertently painted over one and another has had a tin of paint thrown over it. This was possibly done in response to the house that the art was attached to being sold as a piece of Banksy graffiti with a house thrown in for free.

Sport
The area is home to Easton Leisure Centre.

Transport
Easton has two railway stations, Lawrence Hill and Stapleton Road, which are served by trains on the Severn Beach Line plus services to and from Gloucester and South Wales. The main line to South Wales, the Midlands, Scotland and London also passes through Lawrence Hill and Stapleton Road; after which the Severn Beach line branches off just north of. The M32 motorway marks the border of Easton to the north. The A4032 dual carriageway cuts the area in two.

title: Easton, Bristol


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Johan August Ekman

Johan August Ekman (26 November 1845, Hjälstad - 1913) was Archbishop of Uppsala, Sweden, 1900–1913.

Biography
Johan Ekman was the son of Olof Ekman and Maria, born Johansdotter. He was a student of theology at the University of Uppsala receiving his Licentiate of Theology in 1870 and was ordained into the priesthood in 1873. He was earned his Bachelor of Theology (teol. kand.) in 1876. He became a professor of theology at Uppsala University in 1887 and received his Doctor of Theology (dr. theol.) in 1893. Thereafter he worked as a vicar and held other church offices.

He was elected Bishop of the Diocese of Västerås in 1898; and appointed Archbishop of Uppsala in 1900. Ekman played a decisive role in the development of the Lay ecclesial ministry. In 1903, the General Swedish clergy association (Allmänna svenska prästföreningen) was founded and in 1910 the Church of Sweden National Board for Parish Life (Svenska kyrkans diakonistyrelse).

Selected works

 * The origins of Christian Priesthood (1882)
 * Miracles and Spiritual Inspirations (1883)
 * The Naturalistic Paganism (1886-1888)

Other sources

 * Santell, Fredrik (2016) Svenska kyrkans diakonistyrelse: Tillflöden och tillkomst, organisation och verksamhet intill 1938 (Uppsala University) ISBN 978-91-554-9713-2

title: Johan August Ekman


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Honda CM series

One of the lines of Honda motorcycles is the CM Series and CMX Series of cruiser-style motorcycles. Some of the CM series engines existed in other motorcycles so we included them in this list. Some of the bikes using the CM/CMX engine or model line have been:

Smaller Engine Family
 * CM185T — 1978–1979 Twinstar (6V Points Ignition)
 * CM 200T — 1980–1982 Twinstar (1980 6V Points, 1981+ 12V CDI)
 * CM125
 * CM125T
 * CM 250 — 1982–1984 "Custom", predecessor to the current Rebel
 * CMX 250 — 1985–1987, 1995–1996, 1998–2016, The basic Rebel model
 * CB250 - 1991-2008 Nighthawk, successor to the CMX250 Rebel

Larger Engine Family
 * CM 400 — Precursor to the Nighthawk series of street bikes
 * CM 400 Custom and Hondamatic Models
 * CB 400 Custom and Hondamatic Models
 * CM 450 Custom and Hondamatic Models
 * CB 450 Custom, Hondamatic, and Nighthawk models
 * CMX 450 — 1986–1987, The more-powerful, customized Rebel

Modern Engine Family
 * CMX 300 -- 2017-present
 * CMX 500 — 2017–present
 * CMX 1100 — 2021-present

title: Honda CM series


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Austrian Service Abroad

The Austrian Service Abroad (Auslandsdienst Österreichs) is a non-profit organization funded by the Austrian government which sends young Austrians to work in partner institutions worldwide serving Holocaust commemoration in form of the Gedenkdienst, supporting vulnerable social groups and sustainability initiatives in form of the Austrian Social Service and realizing projects of peace within the framework of the Austrian Peace Service. The Austrian Service Abroad is the issuer of the annually conferred Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award.

General information
The Austrian Service Abroad has its origin in the acknowledgement of the Austrian government, in particular by chancellor Franz Vranitzky in 1991, regarding the Austrian people's share of responsibility for the crimes committed by National Socialism during WWII. The initiative initially started in form of the Gedenkdienst in 1992. In 1998 the organization Austrian Service Abroad, named 'Association for Services Abroad' until 2006, was founded adding the Austrian Social Service and the Austrian Peace Service.

The organization provides young male Austrians a government-funded alternative to the compulsory military service by sending them to institutions of Holocaust commemoration, social service or peace promotion for a time period of at least 10 months. It also provides volunteers of all genders a platform to work in its partner institutions for 6 to 12 months, while being financially supported by the Austrian government for their work abroad.

The Austrian Service Abroad is funded and supervised by the Austrian Ministry of Social Affairs and subject to the Austrian Federal Act on the Promotion of Voluntary Services (Bundesgesetz zur Förderung von freiwilligem Engagement.)

Before being sent out as Austrian Servants Abroad the candidates undergo a preparation period (typically 1.5 years) during which they are educated on the subject-matter relevant to their place of assignment. They are also being trained with professional skills via contributing to the work-flow of the organization.

Once a year the president of Austria and the Austrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs invite all Austrian Servants Abroad of the year before departure for a reception at the Hofburg and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs respectively. The Austrian Servants Abroad are commonly referred to as "little ambassadors of Austria".

The Austrian Service Abroad is non-confessional and non-partisan.

The Austrian Service Abroad cooperates with the Austrian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The servants abroad are obliged to cooperate with the Austrian embassy in their respective host country.

Some of partner institutions or organizations are the Auschwitz Jewish Center in Oświęcim, Poland, Yad Vashem in Jerusalem, Israel, the Simon Wiesenthal Centre in Los Angeles, United States, the World Jewish Congress in New York, United States, the Center of Jewish Studies Shanghai in Shanghai, China, the Russian Research and Educational Holocaust Center in Moscow, Russia, the Jewish Holocaust Centre in Melbourne, Australia, the Tom Lantos Institute in Budapest, Hungary, the Ashraya Initiative for Children in Pune, India, and A chance for children in Zigoti, Uganda.

The Austrian Service Abroad is also a partner of the Israeli Volunteer Association partnering on the initiative Understanding Israel in conjunction with the Austrian Ministry of Social Affairs.

Gedenkdienst (Österreichischer Gedenkdienst)
Gedenkdienst is the concept of facing and taking responsibility for the darkest chapters of one's own country's history while ideally being financially supported by one's own country's government to do so. Gedenkdienst has the acknowledgment of, the apology for and the assumption of responsibility for atrocities done by one's own country's society in history as its basis. Gedenkdienst is about honesty with one's country's past and the desire to rectify past wrongs. Gedenkdienst is about providing people of the perpetrator's side a platform for education and going to the victim's side to serve the remembrance of the evil done and the commemoration of its victims. Gedenkdienst is about peace on the basis of honesty regarding the past.

The program was founded in 1992 and has been a part of the association Austrian Service Abroad since 1998. It remembers the crimes of Nazism and commemorates its victims. Gedenkdiener work for Holocaust remembrance memorials and institutions as well as research facilities. Examples are the Simon Wiesenthal Center in Los Angeles, the World Jewish Congress in New York, the Jewish Museum Berlin, the Auschwitz Jewish Center in Oswiecim or Yad Vashem in Jerusalem.

In addition, Austrian Holocaust Memorial servants are also sent to serve in former refuge countries of the victim groups persecuted by the Nazis, for example to the Casa Stefan Zweig in Petrópolis (Brazil) or the Center of Jewish Studies Shanghai (China).

The program annually confers the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award to actors "who have shown special endeavors for the memory of the Shoah".

Austrian Social Service (Österreichischer Sozialdienst)
Austrian social servants serve vulnerable social groups, support the economic and social development of the host country and contribute to environmental protection. They are active in projects relating to street-children, homeless people, educational projects and children villages, elderly and handicapped care, medical care, etc.

An example type of project is the improvement of drinking water supplies in countries of the Third World. Andreas Daniel Matt, the first Austrian social servant was sent in 2004 to a SOS children's village in Lahore (Pakistan).

Since October 1998 hundreds of Austrian social servants have been assigned mainly to countries in Central and South America, Africa and Asia.

Since 2018 the Austrian Service Abroad also partakes in the program Understanding Israel, sending young Austrians to do social service at child-care places and handicapped-care facilities in the state of Israel in cooperation with the Israeli Volunteer Association.

Austrian Peace Service (Österreichischer Friedensdienst)
Austrian Peace servants are stationed in organizations serving the achievement and protection of peace in connection with (armed) conflicts. They work, for example, at the Hiroshima Peace Culture Foundation in Japan, the John Rabe House in Nanjing, China, the Dayton International Peace Museum in Ohio, USA, the Peace Palace in The Hague and the Centre for Peace, Nonviolence and Human Rights in Osijek, Croatia.

Partners

At present, Austrian Service Abroad sends young Austrians to the following partner institutions:
 * 🇦🇷 Argentina
 * Buenos Aires - Center for homeless children and adolescents

 * 🇦🇺 Australia
 * Melbourne - Jewish Holocaust Museum and Research Centre
 * The Jewish Holocaust Museum and Research Centre considers the finest memorial to all victims of racist policies to be an educational program which aims to combat antisemitism, racism and prejudice in the community and foster understanding between people. The Austrian Holocaust Memorial Service representatives work in different fields and areas of responsibility, undertaking translation, research, working in the library and on the museum’s database, and helping with exhibitions and events.

 * 🇧🇾 Belarus
 * Minsk - Belarusian Children's Hospice
 * Minsk - Dietski Dom No. 6 (Children's Home No. 6)
 * Minsk - Kindergarten for Children with Special Needs

 * 🇧🇪 Belgium
 * Brussels - Centre for Historical Research and Documentation on War and Contemporary Society
 * Brussels - European Union of Jewish Students

 * 🇧🇦 Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Sarajevo - Phoenix Initiative

 * 🇧🇷 Brazil
 * Alagoinhas - Associacao Lar Sao Benedito
 * Lauro de Freitas - Community Centre Christ Liberator
 * Petrópolis - Casa Stefan Zweig
 * Rio de Janeiro - Center for Justice and International Law (CEJIL)

 * 🇧🇬 Bulgaria
 * Sofia - Schalom - Organization of the Jews in Bulgaria

 * 🇨🇦 Canada
 * Montreal - Holocaust Memorial Centre
 * The Montreal Holocaust Memorial Centre was founded by a group of Holocaust survivors and opened to the public in 1979. Through its Museum, its commemorative programs and its educational initiatives, the Centre aims to alert the public to the dangers of anti-Semitism, bigotry and hate, while promoting respect for diversity and the sanctity of human life. The field of activity of an ‘Austrian Holocaust Memorial Volunteer’ at the Montreal Holocaust Memorial Centre is very diverse. The duties range from helping with tasks in the office, to translations (German-English) as well as to research assistance or to the description and digitization of collection artefacts. Another essential part of the work schedule is covering the museum front desk. In doing so, the volunteer interacts with Holocaust survivors, students, teachers and visitors to coordinate tours and to ensure a proper daily routine. Furthermore, the volunteer is involved in several projects and events including “Witness to History”, “A Bar &Bat Mitzvah to Remember”, “Kristallnacht Commemoration”, and others.
 * Montreal - Holocaust Education and Genocide Prevention Foundation
 * The Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servant at the former “Kleinmann Family Foundation” which is now entitled Holocaust Education and Genocide Prevention Foundation digitalizes and archives artifacts, documents and photographs as well as maintains and improves the database and the website. The volunteer gives presentations in high schools and colleges about the Holocaust and Moral Responsibility. The servant also interviews Holocaust survivors for "Oral History"-projects.
 * Toronto - The Azrieli Foundation
 * Toronto - Toronto Holocaust Museum
 * Initially established as a joint partnership between Jewish Federation of Canada-United Israel Appeal of Canada's University campus Hillel Canada and United Jewish Appeal Federation of Greater Toronto's Sarah and Chaim Neuberger Holocaust Education Centre, volunteers now work for the new Toronto Holocaust Museum, formally known as the Sarah and Chaim Neuberger Holocaust Education Centre. s. The intern will be supporting students in developing new education programs in terms of the Holocaust with the center and on university campuses. Other tasks are: support for the organization of the education trip to Vienna for Canadian, Jewish students, outreach to, and maintaining connection with local schools in terms of Holocaust education-related activities.

 * 🇨🇳 China
 * Beijing - Beijing International Peace Culture Foundation
 * Shanghai - Center of Jewish Studies
 * The Center of Jewish Studies Shanghai (CJSS) was established in 1988 as an institute of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, the oldest and second biggest political think tank in PR China.Under Prof. PAN Guang’s leadership the CJSS has established itself as one of the leading research institutes in China studying Judaism and Israeli affairs. The CJSS focuses its research on three academic fields: (1) the Shanghai Jewish Refugees (Holocaust refugees during World War II), (2) the remnants of Jewish communities in China (the largest of which are in Tianjin, Harbin and Kaifeng) and (3) political studies on the Near East. Amongst the publications of the CJSS are “The Jews of China”, “The Jewish Civilization”, “The Revitalization of the Jewish People” and “Jews in China: Legends, History and New Perspectives”. The CJSS has organized several national as well as international academic conferences along with so-called Rickshaw Reunions (reunions of Holocaust refugees who survived the Holocaust in Shanghai). Since 2006 the CJSS receives each year an Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servant from the Austrian Service Abroad. The Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servants‘ duties include: organizing Holocaust-related educational events, assisting the CJSS’ staff with organizing exhibitions and academic conferences, as well as translation and publication work and maintaining the CJSS’ archive. Providing tours for visitors of the CJSS and the Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum (former Ohel Moshe Synagogue).
 * Nanjing - John Rabe and International Safety Zone Memorial Hall
 * The John Rabe and International Safety Zone Memorial Hall is one of the two Peace Service Partners of the Austrian Service Abroad. The Center was established to commemorate Rabe and his deep love of humanity, who saved over 600 Chinese refugees from the Japanese persecution. It is also intended to refresh people’s memories and let them learn about this chapter of Chinese history so that tragedies of this kind will never occur again. Moreover, the project is meant to promote world peace and humanitarianism everywhere, and to further develop friendly communications and cooperations among the Chinese people and other countries around the world. At the John Rabe House, the Peace Servant's main tasks are assistant and translation work, as well as self-dependent research and investigation. Furthermore, he or she aids in internal and external teamwork projects and in developing websites. Requirements for the Peace Service are good Chinese and English language skills, the ability to work self-dependent and to participate in international teamwork.

 * 🇨🇷 Costa Rica
 * La Gamba - Tropical Field Station La Gamba
 * The biological station in La Gamba is an Austrian institution, which serves as a base for investigations for scientists from all over the world. Furthermore, the station started projects like the reforestation, the creation of environmental awareness and also projects to support the inhabitants. Our servants in La Gamba help to keep the station functional and collaborate in many of the named projects.
 * Finca Sonador - Finca Sonador

 * 🇭🇷 Croatia
 * Osijek - Centre for Peace, Nonviolence and Human Rights

 * 🇨🇿 Czech Republic
 * Prague - Federation of Jewish Communities

 * 🇫🇷 France
 * Oradour - Centre de la Mémoire d'Oradour
 * Paris - La Fondation pour la Mémoire de la Déportation
 * Paris - Amicale de Mauthausen The Amicale de Mauthausen is a French institution in memory of the Mauthausen concentration camp and its many subcamps. Founded in october 1945 by survivors of the Mauthausen concentration camp the Amicale de Mauthausen is present at the annual camp liberation ceremonies in Austria and organizes    excursions for its members as well as for French high school students. The volunteers tasks include french-german translations of documents and assistance with the planning of excursions as well as the digitalization of the organizations archives.
 * Strasbourg - Congress of the Council of Europe, European Alliance of Cities and Regions for Roma Inclusion

 * 🇬🇦 Gabon
 * Lambaréné - Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital

 * Georgia
 * Tbilisi - Act for Transformation Caucasus Office

 * 🇩🇪 Germany
 * Berchtesgaden - Dokumentation Obersalzberg
 * The Dokumentation Obersalzberg is a place of guided learning and remembrance designed by the Institut für Zeitgeschichte. At the Dokumentation Obersalzberg the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servant works at the museum educational service. The main part of the work is the organisation of guided tours and workshops. He also gets the opportunity to create new educational material like workshops.
 * Berlin - Jewish Museum Berlin
 * Berlin - Ecumenical Memorial Centre Plötzensee - Christians and Resistance
 * Cölbe - Terra Tech
 * Moringen - Concentration Camp Memorial at Torhaus Moringen
 * Munich - Jewish Museum Munich

 * 🇬🇹 Guatemala
 * Santa Rosita - ASOL Casa Hogar

 * 🇭🇺 Hungary
 * Budapest - Tom Lantos Institute

 * 🇮🇳 India
 * Auroville - Auroville Action Group (AVAG)
 * Dharamsala - Nishtha - Rural Health, Education and Environment Center
 * Dharamsala - Tibetan Children´s Village
 * Dharmshala - Tibetan Welfare Office
 * Kochi - Mata Amritanandamayi Mission

 * 🇮🇱 Israel
 * Jerusalem - St. Vincent-Ein Kerem
 * Jerusalem - Yad Vashem
 * Tel Aviv - Wiener Library for the Study of the Nazi Era and the Holocaust

 * 🇮🇹 Italy
 * Milan - Centro di Documentazione Ebraica Contemporanea
 * Prato - Museo della Deportazione
 * Rome - Fondazione Museo della Shoah

 * 🇯🇵 Japan
 * Hiroshima - Peace Culture Foundation
 * The Hiroshima Peace Memorial Museum exhibit presents the facts of the atomic bombing, with the aim of contributing to the abolition of nuclear weapons throughout the world, and to achieve the world peace. The main tasks of the Austrian Peace Servant at the Hiroshima Peace Culture Foundation is assistant and translation work, self-dependent research and investigation, as well as internal and external teamwork projects. Requirements for the Peace Servant are good Japanese language skills, very good English language skills and the abilities to work self-dependent and participate in international teamwork.

 * 🇲🇬 Madagascar
 * Antalaha - D'Analalava

 * 🇲🇽 Mexico
 * Mexico City - Museo Memoria y Tolerancia

 * 🇲🇦 Morocco
 * Marrakech - Atlas Foundation.org High Atlas Foundation

 * 🇳🇱 Netherlands
 * The Hague - Bertha von Suttner Peace Institute
 * The Hague - The Peace Palace
 * Amsterdam - UNITED for Intercultural Action
 * The main part of the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servant at UNITED is secretarial work, which includes assisting, translating documents, doing self dependent research and investigation, as well as organising internal and external teamwork-projects. The Servant is engaged with organising conferences, administrating databases, publishing reports and preparing future projects.

 * 🇳🇿 New Zealand
 * Wellington - Holocaust Centre of New Zealand

 * 🇳🇮 Nicaragua
 * Granada - Casa de los Tres Mundos

 * 🇵🇰 Pakistan
 * Lahore - SOS SOS Children's Village Association
 * Lahore - proLoka Pakistan

 * 🇵🇪 Peru
 * Lima - The information and education centre for the prevention of drug abuse CEDRO

 * 🇵🇱 Poland
 * Kraków -Judaica Foundation - Center For Jewish Culture
 * Kraków - PAH Polska Akcja Humanitarna
 * Kraków - Galicia Jewish Museum
 * Oświęcim - Auschwitz Jewish Center

 * 🇷🇺 Russia
 * Moscow - Russian Research and Educational Holocaust Center
 * Saint Petersburg - GU SRZ Vera

 * 🇷🇼 Rwanda
 * Kigali - Kigali Genocide Memorial

 * 🇿🇦 South Africa
 * Cape Town - Cape Town Holocaust Centre
 * Durban - Durban Holocaust and Genocide Centre
 * Johannesburg - Johannesburg Holocaust and Genocide Centre

 * 🇸🇪 Sweden
 * Stockholm - Forum för levande historia
 * Uppsala - Uppsala Universitet

 * 🇨🇭 Switzerland
 * Zürich - GAMARAAL Foundation

 * 🇹🇷 Turkey
 * Kilis - Kareemat Merkez

 * 🇺🇬 Uganda
 * Fort Portal - Mountains of the Moon University

 * 🇺🇦 Ukraine
 * Kyiv (Kiew) - Jewish Foundation of Ukraine (JFU)

 * 🇬🇧 United Kingdom
 * London - Royal London Society for the Blind
 * London - The National Yad Vashem Charitable Trust
 * London - Institute of Contemporary History and Wiener Library

 * 🇺🇸 United States
 * Dayton - Dayton International Peace Museum
 * Los Angeles - Simon Wiesenthal Center
 * The main part of the work of an Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servant at the Simon Wiesenthal Center is working as a tour guide in the Museum of Tolerance, which is the educational arm of the Simon Wiesenthal Center. These tour groups are mainly Middle School and High School students from the Los Angeles area, but also from further away. Besides from giving tours, the servant also helps out public visitors to the museum, helps with translations and interacts with Holocaust survivors as well.
 * Los Angeles - Los Angeles Museum of the Holocaust
 * The Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servant at the Los Angeles Museum of the Holocaust serves as tour guide, facilitates seminars and lectures by survivor docents, and works with teachero schedule and coordinate tours. The volunteer interacts with Holocaust survivors, students, teachers and visitors to the Museum on a daily basis. The servant also works with primary documents and artifacts, which he translates, reviews and interprets.
 * Los Angeles - USC Shoah Foundation Institute for Visual History and Education
 * The volunteer at "USC Shoah Foundation Institute" for Visual History and Education translates all types of different documents, from contracts to letters; he also helps to translate German terms or places which often appear in interviews with Holocaust Survivors. A main task for the Holocaust Servant is indexing German testimonies and maintaining the museum's database. Further, he helps the museum organizing different events like discussions or film screenings.
 * New York - The World Jewish Congress
 * New York - Museum of Jewish Heritage
 * At the Museum of Jewish Heritage, which tells the story of Jewish life before, during and after the Holocaust and also hosts galleries for special exhibitions, the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servant works in the Collections & Exhibitions Department, where he is in charge of translating documents and other artifacts into English. Besides he listens to audio testimonies of Holocaust Survivors in either English or German and writes summaries, which are added to the museum's database. Further tasks include maintaining the database, guiding visitors, research and the installation of new exhibits.
 * New York - Anti-Defamation League
 * New York - American Jewish Committee
 * Reno - Center for Holocaust, Genocide & Peace Studies
 * Richmond - Virginia Holocaust Museum
 * The Virginia Holocaust Museum features 28 exhibitions including “The Ipson Saga,” which documents the story of Museum Director and Founder, Jay M. Ipson and his family from pre-war Lithuania, through their escape to liberation. The Nuremberg Trials Courtroom exhibition is the only existing replica of the famous courtroom that set the standard for modern international law. The tasks for the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servant are manifold. Duties at the Virginia Holocaust Museum range from giving tours through the permanent exhibit to translations (German-English) to assisting in research or helping at the reception desk among other things.
 * San Francisco - Holocaust Center of Northern California
 * St. Petersburg - The Florida Holocaust Museum
 * Chicago - Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center
 * The Austrian Holocaust Memorial Servants help in the administration, assist in education, event planning and museum tours. Furthermore, they are responsible for translations between German and English. After having received special training they will also guide groups through the museum.

Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award
In 2006 Andreas Maislinger, chairman of the Austrian Service Abroad, initiated the Austrian Holocaust Memorial Award (AHMA). Winners:

2006: Pan Guang, Shanghai, PR China.

2007: Alberto Dines, Sao Paulo, Brazil

2008: Robert Hébras, Oradour-sur-Glane, France

2009: Jay M. Ipson, Richmond, Virginia, United States

2010: Eva Marks, Melbourne, Australia

2011: Auschwitz Jewish Center, Oswiecim, Poland

2012: Ladislaus Löb, United Kingdom

2013: Hugo Höllenreiner, Munich, Germany

2014: Marģers Vestermanis, Riga, Latvia

2015: Erika Rosenberg, Buenos Aires, Argentina

2016: Giorgio Frassineti, Predappio (Forlì), Italy

2017: Ruben Fuks, Belgrade, Serbia

2018: Alla Gerber and Ilya Altman, Moscow, Russia

2019: Tomislav Dulic, Uppsala, Sweden

2020: Dušan Stefančič, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Austrian Servant Abroad of the Year
2004 Stefan Stoev, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington DC, United States

2005 Dr. Andreas Daniel Matt, SOS Children's Villages Lahore, Pakistan

2006 Martin Wallner, Center of Jewish Studies Shanghai, China

2007 Daniel James Schuster, Yad Vashem Jerusalem, Israel

2008 René J. Laglstorfer, Centre de la mémoire d'Oradour, France & Center of Jewish Studies Shanghai, China

2009 Joerg Reitmaier, Auschwitz Jewish Center, Poland & Virginia Holocaust Museum, United States

2010 Peter Loibner, GU SRZ Vera, Russia

2011 Francesco Konigsberger, Federation of Jewish Communities, Czech Republic,

Cornelius Schwärzler, Russian Research and Educational Holocaust Center, Russia & Fondazione Museo della Shoa, Italy & Dokumentation Obersalzberg, Germany,

David Witzeneder, Tropical Field Station La Gamba & Finca Salvador, Costa Rica

2020 Jonathan Dorner, Holocaust Museum LA

Monika Messner, Na’amat Kindertagesstätte

2021 Raphael Faul, Florian Müller, Matthias Kralupper, Haris Hadzimejlic, Raffael Winkler

Ethical Foundation
The core concept underlying the initiative of the Austrian Service Abroad is the concept of responsibility. Hereby the initiative is guided by the ethics conceptualized by the Jewish philosopher Hans Jonas who defined the following supreme moral imperative: "Act so that the effects of your action are compatible with the permanence of genuine human life". By integrating the chronological dimensions of past, present and future, in addition to the totality of humanity and the full dimension of space, the Austrian Service Abroad is about supporting life in an ethical, sustainable, global, responsible and permanent manner.

title: Austrian Service Abroad


text:
Section 32 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

Section 32 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms concerns the application and scope of the Charter. Only claims based on the type of law contemplated by this section can be brought before a court.

Section 32(1) describes the basis on which all rights can be enforced. Section 32(2) was added in order to delay the enforcement of section 15 until government was given time to amend their laws to conform to the section.

Text
Under the heading "Application of Charter" the section states:

32. (1) This Charter applies
 * a) to the Parliament and government of Canada in respect of all matters within the authority of Parliament including all matters relating to the Yukon Territory and Northwest Territories; and
 * b) to the legislature and government of each province in respect of all matters within the authority of the legislature of each province.
 * (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), section 15 shall not have effect until three years after this section comes into force.

The purpose of this section is to make it clear that the Charter only applies to governments, and not to private individuals, businesses or other organizations.

Interpretation
The meaning of section 32(1) was first examined in RWDSU v. Dolphin Delivery Ltd. The Courts found that the "authority" of government consisted of all laws created by the three branches of government (executive, legislative, and administrative), as well as any rules, or regulations created by "government actors". Common law only applied when it was the basis of some government action. Later, in R. v. Rahey (1987) the Supreme Court held that the Charter equally applies to courts as well.

Government actors
The meaning of "government actors" was considered in the case of McKinney v. University of Guelph. The Court, using what is called the "effective control test", examines the role of the government in the institution. A government actor consists of institutions for which the government has statutory authority to exercise substantial control over the day-to-day operations, policy-making, and as well provides substantial funding for the institutions.

The main question to ask is how much control the government has over the institution: The greater the government control over the operation of the institution, the more likely it is to be a part of the government, although different Supreme Court decisions have required different amounts of control.
 * Is there a law that directs how the institution will operate?
 * Does the government appoint the majority of the institution's board of directors?
 * Does the institution have any history or guarantees of independent action from government?

In practice this generally excluded organizations such as public universities and hospitals since the Board of Governors usually operated independently of government control. Colleges, however, are government actors because they lack the independence of a Board.

Government policy
In cases where the "effective control test" fails there is still the possibility of the Charter applying where it can be shown that the organization provided services that were in furtherance of a specific government policy or program (Eldridge v. British Columbia). The reason for this expansion was to prevent the government from outsourcing services to private organizations in order to get around the "control test".

For example, in Eldridge v. British Columbia, the Court found that though hospitals are not considered government actors, they are often subject to Charter scrutiny as many government policies are designed to be carried out by the hospitals.


text:
Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2005-04-25/Features and admins

Prolific contributors manage it again
This week saw a slight drop in the quantity of material that gained featured status, with only 8 articles and 3 images promoted.

Of those, both Eldfell (an Icelandic volcano, by Worldtraveller) and Kalimpong (an Indian mountain village, by Nichalp) received massive support, after a peer review listing didn't result in any comments. The articles about Canadian politician Louis Riel and New Zealand architect Francis Petre received slightly fewer votes.

These promotions mean that Nichalp has now reworked 6 articles from the ground up to featured article. One of his other works is Goa which was promoted last week.

For Worldtraveller this is his ninth featured article. Before Eldfell, he helped 2 articles all the way from creation to featured article status and 6 others from a stub to featured status.

But he isn't planning on stopping there. He also got another article on Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 up for voting at featured article candidates. As the first person to react Mav jokingly said "Object - threatens my comfortable lead of FAs. :)" but immediately added his support. This article gained featured status just as this article was published.

None of these editors will overthrow the current record holder any time soon, though. Having worked on a total of 50 featured articles Lord Emsworth has a very comfortable lead.

New featured content
The 8 articles that gained featured status last week are: Eldfell, Francis Petre, Diamond, Dream Theater, Palace of Westminster, Geology of the Grand Canyon area, Kalimpong and Louis Riel.

The three images that gained featured picture status all received objections some time during their voting period. The original public domain image of the Red-crested Pochard initially included another duck and bits of dirt in the surrounding water. Brian0918, who nominated the image, created a cropped version which resulted in a 9 to 1 promotion.

After some initial disagreements about copyright status and quality, the "first photograph" image received featured status 25 to 3.

The image of Bodie ghost town also received some opposition by people who found the perspective and some power lines which could be seen in the background distractive. But eventually it turned out the number of people supporting the images was much larger.

Requests for adminship
Last week also saw the promotion of six new administrators. They were Phils, Wilfried Derksen, Burgundavia, Ellsworth, Xezbeth and Mindspillage.

Also this week: Editor's note — Papal scoop — Writing contest — T.R.O.L.L. — Features and admins — Press coverage — The Sanger memoirs | Newsroom


text:
Talk:Austrian Service Abroad

Untitled
The text is copied from this page: http://www.auslandsdienst.at/intro/US.htm with the approval of the organization. Infos: maislinger@hrb.at --Toeglhofer 11:20, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

'''— Wikipedia is not a web space and no advertising platform! —''' --Jocian (talk) 06:07, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

 * This page merely serves the intention of giving people some general information about the Austrian Service Abroad. What kind of changes would you suggest? --Nico2panama (talk) 20:43, 15 May 2011 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Austrian Service Abroad


text:
Richmond River

The Richmond River is a river situated in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia.

Course and features
The river rises at the northern end of the Richmond Range, near its junction with the McPherson Range, on the Queensland/ New South Wales border, west of Mount Lindesay, and flows generally south east and north east, joined by twelve tributaries, including the Wilsons River, before reaching its mouth at its confluence with the Coral Sea of the South Pacific Ocean near Ballina; descending 256 m over its 237 km course.

On its journey it passes through the towns of Kyogle, Casino, Coraki and Woodburn. Summerland Way is situated adjacent to much of the middle reaches of the course of Richmond River. At Ballina, the Pacific Highway crosses the river.

The catchment area of the river is estimated at 6862 km2, which makes it the sixth largest catchment in New South Wales; and its floodplain has an area of over 1000 km2.

Aboriginal history
The traditional custodians of the land surrounding the Richmond River are the Aboriginal people of the Githabul, whose territory reached north to the current city of Toowoomba and included the current towns of Tenterfield and Warwick. One of the annual rituals of the Githabul people was the movement from the mountain ranges to the coast during the winter months, when the mullet were plentiful.

European history
Omitted by Captain James Cook when he sailed up the east coast of the Australian mainland in 1770, it wasn't until Captain Henry John Rous identified the mouth of the river in 1828 that it was discovered by Europeans. Rous entered the river and sailed about 20 mi up river. He subsequently named the river Richmond after the fifth Duke of Richmond. Later that year the explorer Allan Cunningham reached the river by land.

The river was a major port from the 1840s until well into the 20th century. Soon after the first white settlers arrived they discovered the abundant supply of Australian Red Cedar in the Richmond Valley and immediately began logging. The river was vital in the transportation of this resource.

At the time of its discovery in 1828 and until the late 1890s the river had a treacherous mouth of shifting sand bars, and many ships and people died on it. Understandably, a decision was made to construct two breakwaters to channel the river's flow and these were completed in the early 1900s. The construction of the breakwaters also led to the formation of Shaw's Bay (after sand built up behind what is now called Lighthouse or Main Beach).

In 1846, a conflict between white settlers and local Aborigines in the river valley (the Richmond River massacre) caused the deaths of around 100 of the latter.

With the decline of shipping as a transport mode, owing to better roads and rail, and the closing of the North Coast Steam Navigation Company (the major shipping firm of the area) in 1954, the river became less important as a port.

Current usage
For boats, the river is navigable for a short way up its length, possibly as far as Casino. Wilsons River, which flows through the city of Lismore and is a major tributary of the Richmond, is navigable at least as far as Boatharbour, approximately 12 km upstream from Lismore.

The Richmond River is heavily used for irrigation along its length. Several weirs have been constructed in order to mitigate the effects of flooding, most notably at Casino.

Fauna
The freshwater reaches of the Richmond River once supported the endemic Richmond River Cod, similar to Murray Cod and possibly a subspecies of Eastern Freshwater Cod. Unfortunately this unique native fish became extinct between the 1930s and 1950s due to habitat degradation and gross overfishing, including with dynamite during the building of the local railway line. The endangered Oxleyan Pygmy Perch has been recorded from the river.

title: Richmond River


text:
Frankford Stadium

Frankford Stadium, also known as Yellow Jacket Field, was a football field in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that was the home of the Frankford Yellow Jackets football team of the National Football League, which predated the Philadelphia Eagles.

The stadium, located at Frankford Avenue and Devereaux Avenue, was the Yellow Jackets' home from 1923 through 1930. On July 27, 1931, a fire caused major damage to the structure, forcing the Yellow Jackets to play their remaining home games at the Baker Bowl and Municipal Stadium, before disbanding during the 1931 season. The site was purchased in 1933 by the Franklin Legion Athletic Association, who demolished the structure to build the Franklin Legion Athletic Field. When the Frankford Legion AA reorganized as the Northeast Philadelphia AA later that year, the stadium's name was changed to Yellow Trojan Field. , a Dollar Tree store and rowhouses occupy the site.

title: Frankford Stadium


text:
Austrian Social Service

The Austrian Social Service (Österreichischer Sozialdienst) is part of the Austrian Service Abroad founded by Dr. Andreas Maislinger in 1998. It offers the possibility to substitute the compulsory military service in Austria with a 10-months service abroad and provides a platform for volunteering services.

Legal Framework
As part of the Austrian Service Abroad the Austrian Social Service is funded and supervised by the Austrian Ministry of Social Affairs and subject to the federal law for the promotion of voluntary engagement (Bundesgesetz zur Förderung von freiwilligem Engagement.)

Mission and structure
The Austrian Social Service supports socially vulnerable groups and the social and economic development of the host country. Austrian Social Servants are deployed in various kinds of partner organizations in a large number of countries. The focus lies on the developing world.

Assignments
The Austrian Social Servants work in the fields of education, care, medical support, agriculture and economic development for street or homeless children, elderly, handicapped, ill, poor and / or marginalized people. Furthermore, also the field of environmental protection belongs to the Austrian Social Service, partnering with organizations engaged in projects for the protection and sustenance of the natural environment.

Since 2018 the Austrian Service Abroad also partakes in the program Understanding Israel, sending young Austrians to do social service at child-care places and handicapped-care facilities in the state of Israel in cooperation with the Israeli Volunteer Association.

Partners
Argentina
 * Buenos Aires - Center for homeless children and adolescents

Belgium
 * Brussels - European Disability Forum

Bosnia and Herzegovina
 * Sarajevo - Phoenix Initiative

Brasil
 * Alagoinhas - Associacao Lar Sao Benedito
 * Lauro de Freitas - Community Centre Christ Liberator
 * Rio de Janeiro - Center for Justice and International Law (CEJIL)

China
 * Qiqihar - China SOS Children's Village Association Beijing, Qiqihar city, Helongjiang Province und Yantai City, Shandong Province

Costa Rica
 * La Gamba - Tropical Field Station La Gamba
 * Puntarenas - Finca Sonador - Asociaicón de Cooperativas Europeas Longo Mai
 * Puntarenas - Union de Amigos para la Protección del Ambiente (Unaproa)
 * San Isidro - Asociación Vida Nueva

Germany
 * Marburg - Terra Tech

England
 * London - Royal London Society for the Blind

Gabon
 * Lambaréné - Medical Research Unit, Albert Schweitzer Hospital

Guatemala
 * Quetzaltenango - Instituto de Formacion e Investigacion Municipal,
 * Santa Rosita - Casa Hogar Estudiantil ASOL

India
 * Auroville - Auroville Action Group (AVAG)
 * Dharmshala - Nishtha, Nishtha - Rural Health, Education and Environment Centre
 * Dharmshala - Tibetan Children's Village:*Dharmshala - Tibetan Welfare Office
 * Kerala - Mata Amritanandamayi Mission

Israel
 * Jerusalem - St. Vinzenz-Ein Karem
 * Understanding Israel

Kenya
 * Nairobi - Kenya Water for Health Organisation (KWAHO)

Nicaragua
 * Granada - Fundación Casa de los tres mundos
 * León - Campo Recreativo MILAVF

Norway
 * Oslo - Jodisk Aldersbolig

Pakistan
 * SOS children villages Pakistan Karachi, Sialkot, Dodhial, Faisalabad, Sargodha, Lahore, Rawalpindi und Multan

Peru
 * Huancayo - Unidad Territorial de Salud Daniel Alcides Carrión
 * Lima - The information and education centre for the prevention of drug abuse (CEDRO)

Poland
 * Kraków - Polska Akcja Humanitarna

Romania
 * Iaşi - The hope of Romanian children

Russia
 * Moscow - Together For Peace (TFP)
 * Moscow - Centre for social development and self-help "perspective"

Czech Republic
 * Prague - Jüdische Gemeinde

Uganda
 * Fort Portal - Mountains of the Moon University (MMU)
 * Kabale - Diözese Kabale - Bishops House

United States
 * New York - Gay Men's Health Crisis

Belarus
 * Minsk - Belarusian Children's Hospice
 * Minsk - 'Dietski dom no. 6' - Kinderheim no.6
 * Minsk - Kindergarten for Children with Special Needs

title: Austrian Social Service


text:
Bel Canto Trio

The Bel Canto Trio, consisting of tenor Mario Lanza, soprano Frances Yeend and bass-baritone George London, was created by Columbia Artists Management in 1947. The Bel Canto Trio performed 86 concerts throughout the United States, Canada and Mexico between July 1947 and May 1948.

title: Bel Canto Trio


text:
Talk:Silpakorn University

There are two contradicting versions of the history in the web: I have picked the second one for the article, please correct if necessary. andy 11:23, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * http://www.thailandmuseum.com/thaimuseum_eng/silpa/history.html says it was founded in 1934 by Silpa Bhirasri, who was also first dean
 * http://www.geocities.com/arts23silpakorn/artshist.html says it was founded in 1939 by Pin Malagula, who was also first dean - and this is a translation of the university homepage itself

This is from the Silpakorn University page on Silpa:
 * In 1937 the school changed its name to, ‘Silpakorn School of Fine Arts’. In 1942, the Fine Arts Department was transferred from the Ministry of Education to the Prime Minister’s Office. Field Marshal P.Pibulsongkram, then PrimeMinister, recognized the importance of art as a crucial branch of national culture. He thus orderd the Fine Arts Department Director General, Phraya Anumanrajadhon, to review the school’s syllabus, and by royal statute transformed it into ‘Silpalorn University’ on the 5 October 1943.

So it must have already been in existance before 1937. — KayEss | talk 05:45, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Silpakorn University


text:
Talk:Austrian Social Service

[Untitled]
The text is copied from this page: http://www.auslandsdienst.at/sozialdienst/sprachen/english/info.htm with the approval of the organization. Infos: maislinger@hrb.at --Toeglhofer 11:23, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This article seems to be the same as Austrian Service Abroad and should be merged with it but I don't have the time to suggest it formally. Abtract (talk) 21:32, 14 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Added the merge request tags.-- Matthead Discuß   22:08, 27 June 2008 (UTC)

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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of bus companies in the United Kingdom

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. CDC  (talk)  22:32, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)

List of bus companies in the United Kingdom
A copy of the U.K section of List of bus companies with a message asking people to add more when nowhere links to it. Delete, no reason to merge. The busman 11:24, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Delete I created the article but I agree with The busman. Iment to make pages link to it but now I think it ought to go. After all there's still the U.K section of List of bus companies. TAS 13:37, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC) Delete, fork. Radiant_* 12:45, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Pavel Vozenilek 02:21, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Dwarf crab

The common name dwarf crab may refer to several different species:
 * Callinectes similis, the lesser blue crab
 * Rhithropanopeus harrisii

title: Dwarf crab


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Samuel Troilius

Samuel Troilius (22 May 1706 – 18 January 1764) was Archbishop of Uppsala from 1758 to his death.

Biography
He was born in Stora Skedvi parish in the province of Dalarna. His parents were Olof Troilius and Helena Gangia. His father was a vicar in the Church of Sweden.

In 1724, he had become student in Uppsala University, and was by 1734 appointed assistant professor of Greek and Roman literature, after having disputed in 1732 with the thesis De magnetismo morum naturali. He was ordained in 1736 and an 1740 he became a priest.

Troilius moved to Stockholm in 1740 as court chaplain, and the following year became the confessor of the Swedish Royal Family. In 1751, he was unanimously elected new Bishop of Västerås following the death of Andreas Kallsenius. In 1760, after the death of Henric Benzelius, he was elected Archbishop of Uppsala. In 1760, Troilius also was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.

His marriages were with Anna Elisabeth Angerstein in 1740 and with Brita Elisabet Silfverstolpe in 1751. In 1756, he and his descendants were ennobled under the surname von Troil. His son Uno von Troil (1746–1803) also served as Archbishop of Uppsala.

Other sources

 * Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon, article Samuel Troilius In Swedish

title: Samuel Troilius


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Frances Yeend

Frances Yeend (28 January 1913 – 27 April 2008) was an American classical soprano who had an active international career as a concert and opera singer during the 1940s through the 1960s. She had a long and fruitful association with the New York City Opera (NYCO) between 1948 and 1958, after which she joined the roster of principal sopranos at the Metropolitan Opera where she sang between 1961 and 1963. She also had an extensive concert career, particularly in the United States. By 1963 she had sung in more than 200 orchestral concerts in North American with major symphonies like the New York Philharmonic, the Boston Symphony Orchestra, the Philadelphia Orchestra, the Cleveland Orchestra, and the Chicago Symphony Orchestra among others.

Biography
Born Frances Leone Lynch in Vancouver, Washington, Yeend grew up in Portland, Oregon. She had very little musical training before entering Washington State University (then Washington State College) in Pullman, Washington where she studied singing. Following several years of college, she worked as a music teacher for a few years, during which time she also sang as a recitalist and on the radio. She also made her professional opera début during this time as Nedda in Leoncavallo's Pagliacci in Spokane, Washington, although it wasn't until much later that she would appear in operas frequently.

Yeend's first New York appearances were in 1943 as a member of the ensemble in the Broadway run of The Merry Widow at the Majestic Theatre with Jan Kiepura as Danilo and Marta Eggerth as Sonia. Around this time she also sang on network radio as an uncredited soloist with Phil Spitalny and His All-Girl Orchestra. She joined Columbia Artists Management (CAM) in 1944 and performed the role of Micaela in a U.S tour of Bizet's Carmen that autumn.

In April 1946 Yeend made her first major concert appearance as the soprano soloist in Beethoven's Ninth Symphony with the Boston Symphony Orchestra under the direction of Serge Koussevitzky. The following summer she performed the role of Ellen Orford in the American premiere of Benjamin Britten's Peter Grimes at the Tanglewood Music Festival. Yeend went on to become one of the members of CAM's Bel Canto Trio with Mario Lanza and George London. She toured North America with the group in 1947–1948.

In 1948 Yeend was invited by Laszlo Halasz, then artistic director of the New York City Opera, to join the roster of principal sopranos at the NYCO. She accepted and made her debut with the company as Violetta in Verdi's La traviata on March 20, 1948. She portrayed many other roles with the NYCO over a span of eleven consecutive seasons. Her early parts with the company were from the lyric soprano repertoire, such as Nedda, Countess Almaviva in Mozart's The Marriage of Figaro, Marguerite in Gounod's Faust, Micaela in Bizet's Carmen, and the three heroines in Offenbach's The Tales of Hoffmann. Later on in her career with the company she began portraying heavier roles from the dramatic soprano repertoire, including Amelia in Menotti's Amelia Goes to the Ball, Eva in Wagner's Die Meistersinger, the title role in Verdi's Aida, the title roles in Giacomo Puccini's Tosca and Turandot among others. She also notably sang Felice in the United States premiere of Wolf Ferrari's I quattro rusteghi with the NYCO in 1951. Her last appearance with the company was in November 1958 as Mimi in Puccini's La Bohème.

While busy singing with the NYCO, Yeend also sang in operas with other companies in both the United States and Europe. She made her debut with the Vienna Staatsoper in 1953 as Violetta. That same year she made her first appearance at London's Royal Opera House at Covent Garden as Mimi. In 1956 she toured North America with the NBC Opera Theatre portraying Cio-cio-san in Puccini's Madama Butterfly. Another Puccini role, the ice princess Turandot, was a part with which Yeend became particularly associated, portraying the part with the San Antonio Grand Opera Festival, Cincinnati Opera, New Orleans Opera, San Francisco Opera, Philadelphia Lyric Opera Company (1958), Vienna State Opera (1958) and at the Arena di Verona Festival (1958).

In 1959 Yeend sang her first Elisabeth in Wagner's Tannhäuser with Fort Worth Opera and portrayed her first Ariadne in Strauss's Ariadne auf Naxos at the Empire State Music Festival. She appeared at the Houston Grand Opera in 1960 for her first portrayal of the role of Sieglinde in Wagner's Die Walküre and that same year sang Abigaille in Verdi's Nabucco at the San Antonio Opera. In the summer of 1961 she portrayed Donna Anna in Mozart's Don Giovanni with the Zoo Opera in Cincinnati. Some of her other notable international appearances included Mimì in Bulawayo, Rhodesia, Violetta at the Bavarian State Opera, Eva at the Liceu, and the Israeli premiere of Verdi's Requiem in Tel Aviv with the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra (1954).

Yeend made her Metropolitan Opera debut on February 13, 1961 as Chrysothemis in Strauss's Elektra in 1961 with Inge Borkh in the title role and Joseph Rosenstock conducting. She also portrayed Violetta at the Met in performances opposite both George Shirley and Charles Anthony in the role of Alfredo. Her last performance with the company was on December 4, 1963 as Gutrune in Wagner's Götterdämmerung with Birgit Nilsson as Brünnhilde, Hans Hopf as Siegfried, and Walter Cassel as Gunther. One of the last opera performances of her career was as Desdemona in Verdi's Otello with the Philadelphia Grand Opera Company opposite Mario Del Monaco in the title role in 1964.

Yeend retired from the stage in 1966 when she joined the faculty of West Virginia University as Professor of Voice/Artist in Residence. She remained in that position until 1978 when she retired from teaching. She died thirty years later at the age of 95. She was married for fifty-four years to pianist James Benner who was her second husband. She had one son, Warren Yeend, by her first marriage to Kenneth Yeend which ended in divorce.

Recordings
Yeend made a number of recordings during her career on the RCA Victor, Columbia, Mercury, MGM and DaVinci labels. Most of her recordings are of the concert repertoire, including of particular note her lauded recording of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony with the New York Philharmonic under Bruno Walter and her recording of Arthur Honegger's oratorio Jeanne d'Arc au Bûcher (Joan of Arc at the Stake) with the Philadelphia Orchestra. Among a relatively small number of opera recordings is the spectacular 1956 concert performance of scenes from Elektra with the Chicago Symphony and Chorus under Fritz Reiner, where she sang Chrysotemis to Inge Borkh's Elektra.

title: Frances Yeend


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Second Row

Superfluous because Rugby union positions already exists and has far more detail.

Last time we discussed whether or not seperate articles are a good thing or not most people seemed to think that they were unnecessary.GordyB 13:50, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)


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Shamlaji

Shamlaji, also spelled Shamalaji, is a major Hindu pilgrimage centre in Aravalli district of Gujarat state of India. The Shamlaji temple is dedicated to Vishnu. Several other Hindu temples are located nearby.

The present temple dedicated to Shamlaji, a form of Vishnu was perhaps started in the 11th century in Chaulukya style, but the present structure dates from the 15th-16th centuries. The sculpture of Vishnu in the sanctuary is probably seventh-8th century, and the small temple opposite houses a sixth-century sculpture of Shiva. The oldest intact temple is the small ninth-century Harishchandrani Chauri Temple, with a gateway nearby. Several ruins of temples, scattered idols and old brick-works surrounding the place establishes antiquity of the place.

A fourth-century Buddhist monastery and stupa at Devnimori is about 2 km away, but is now under by the waters of the Meshvo Reservoir. This site dates to the Mauryan period, and a much older microlith site known as Dhek-Vadlo locally was found near Shamlaji.

Shamlaji was an important Hindu centre in the sixth century, probably the home of a sculpture workshop whose creations are found as far away as Mumbai, where the Parel Relief was found. Most of the ancient sculpture found at Shamlaji, in blueish schist, has now been removed to museums, especially to Mumbai and Vadodara.

Shamlaji temple

Shamlaji temple is located on the banks of the Meshvo river in the valley surrounded by well wooded hills. It is also referred to as Dholi Dhajawala due to white silk flag fluttering on top of the temple.

The temple of Śāmalājī aka Śāmḷājī houses an idol of Viṣṇu in Trivikrama form. Idols of the Trivikrama form of Viṣṇu hold a gadā (mace), cakra (discus), padma (lotus), and śaṁkha (conch) in each of the four arms. The mace is notably larger than normal, leading to the image's other name as Gadādhara Viṣṇu. Recently however, the temple and idol has been slightly Krishnaized, and a small golden flute was added to his right hand.

On the outer wall there are carvings of Viṣṇu, Lakṣmī-Nārāyaṇa, and various episodes from the Bhāgavata Purāṇa and Rāmāyaṇa.

There is an inscription on the base of a Garuḍa image dating to 1584, and the temple itself is dated to the 15th-16th centuries CE.

Other places of interest
Near the Shamlaji temple the river forms deep pools, much resorted to by persons bewitched or devil-possessed. To the north the waters of the Karmanu pond, and the Surya reservoir have the property of washing away sin.

Nearby Old Shamlaji temple is said to have been the original temple. The temple dedicated to Somnarayan, is, except the adytum, open on all sides, with a flat ceiling, surmounted by a pyramidal roof, supported on plain square stone pillars with carved capitals. Part of the shrine walls seem to have been formed of a series of upright stone slabs with sculptured figures in low relief. Many of these still remain. The most curious thing about the building is that, at the front and rear and both sides, in the centre of the facade the roof ends in a triangular pediment composed of boldly sculptured figures. Inside the building near the shrine, and, on the left hand as one faces it, is a remarkable human head in high relief standing out from the base of the span of an arch. The features are more human-looking than those generally seen in Hindu temples, and the arrangement of the hair is curious. There is a corresponding face on the other side but it is much worn or broken, while this is fresh and clear in its lines. In the shrine, part of the original altar or image seat still remains. It has been roughly heightened by bricks loosely piled on it, and on the raised superstructure stands a slab with a representation said to be of Somnarayan. This slab probably originally formed part of the outer wall of the shrine.

Kashi Vishwanath Mahadev temple, is seven feet below ground level and its pyramidal roof rise to the level of the land round it. It is entered through a gateway by a gradually deepening passage. Perhaps the temple was originally built in a hollow which has filled up. It looks old though not so old as Somnarayan' s the most ancient looking building in the place. In a small shrine between the Shamlaji temple and the river, late-Gupta period idol of standing Ganesha is worshiped. Trilokeshwar is a small temple opposite the Shamlaji temple dedicated to Shiva having idol with trident. On the opposite bank of the river, there is a temple dedicated to Ranchhodji, another form of Krishna.

The temple at Harishchandra ni Chori dates back to tenth century. The structure is enclosed within courtyard with lost walls except the ornamental gateway (Torana). There is a rectangular sanctum and a large pavilion in front of it.

Devni Mori, 2 km from Shamlaji, has remains of a Buddhist monastery dated to third-fourth century. The inscribed casket with body relics of Buddha was found from the Stupa excavated here.

The tomb of Navgaja Pir, a maulvi, is revered by many tribals.

Shyamalvan is a theme-based garden developed by Forest Department of Government of Gujarat. It was inaugurated by then Chief Minister of Gujarat, Narendra Modi, on 18 July 2009.

Fair
A large annual fair is held on Kartik Sud 15th (October). The tribal community revers the Shamlaji as Kaliyo Dev or the Dark Divine. The large number of devotees visit the place and bathe in the river. Silver ornaments, metalwares, clothes and household items are sold during the fair.

Connectivity
Shamlaji is around 20 km from Bhiloda and 29 km from Modasa. Located off National Highway 8, Shamlaji is frequented by state transport buses from Himmatnagar and Ahmedabad.

Train : Shamlaji Road railway station is nearest (14 km) railway station to Shamlaji. There are two daily passenger trains operated by the Indian railways on meter gauge track.

title: Shamlaji


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Thalassinidea

Thalassinidea is a former infraorder of decapod crustaceans that live in burrows in muddy bottoms of the world's oceans. In Australian English, the littoral thalassinidean Trypaea australiensis is referred to as the yabby (a term which also refers to freshwater crayfish of the genus Cherax), frequently used as bait for estuarine fishing; elsewhere, however, they are poorly known, and as such have few vernacular names, "mud lobster" and "ghost shrimp" counting among them. The burrows made by thalassinideans are frequently preserved, and the fossil record of thalassinideans reaches back to the late Jurassic.

The group was abandoned when it became clear that it represented two separate lineages, now both recognised as infraorders: Gebiidea and Axiidea. Recent molecular analyses have shown that thalassinideans are most closely related to Brachyura (crabs) and Anomura (hermit crabs and their allies). There are believed to be 556 extant species of thalassinideans in 96 genera, with the greatest diversity in the tropics, although with some species reaching latitudes above 60° north. About 95% of species live in shallow water, with only three taxa living below 2000 m.

title: Thalassinidea


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Ghost shrimp

Ghost shrimp is a name applied to at least three different kinds of crustacean:

 * Thalassinidea, crustaceans which live in deep burrows in the intertidal zone
 * Caprellidae, amphipods with slender bodies more commonly known as "skeleton shrimps"
 * Feeder shrimp (glass shrimp): Palaemonetes, small mostly transparent shrimp commonly sold for use in freshwater aquaria

title: Ghost shrimp


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Talk:Leading question

Comment 1
I think this needs a complete rewrite. I'll try to get to it later today. cpro 18:55, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

Comment 2
I'm not so sure this article ought to be redirected to Fallacy of many questions (or Loaded question), that is something quite different IMO. A leading question in itself implies its "correct" answer to the person being asked, while a loaded question contains an implication that the person being asked cannot do anything about, whichever answer he gives. There is a bit of a difference. - sv:Användare:Oskarf
 * Fallacy of many questions: Did you, John Smith, steel the car before or after you assaulted the plaintiff?
 * Leading question: Was it John Smith who stole your car and assaulted you?

Not merely a definition
I've removed the redirect and rewrote this entry. I do not believe that "leading question" is necessarily a dictionary defintion anymore than other legal concepts that are currently articles. I think that there could be more useful information in this article than simply a dictionary definition.

Moreover, I agree with the earlier comment that the redirect to a logical fallacy is not really appropriate. Though, perhaps it is related. Mmmbeer 16:24, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

i think it is suitable, it pertains to 'questioning" in a court proceeding. though not equivalent, still very relevant. dara

Other jurisdictions
Some good general info, but all the specifics are for US law. Perhaps someone could add whatever magic tag is needed to indicate that experts in other common law systems (eg England) should look at it and expand as necessary. Daniel Barlow (talk) 11:47, 9 July 2008 (UTC)

Outside courtroom
The term "leading question" is widely used in academic discourse of how to construct surveys and such. This should be discussed here - I am not sure if we need two separate articles on "leading question" or just one comprehensive one. The article loaded question mentions the term suggestive question; this concept is commonly known as leading question in the aforementioned academic literature:, , , , ,  --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 19:21, 31 March 2010 (UTC)

Moved from loaded question.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 20:02, 6 April 2010 (UTC)

Suggestive question: Experimental research by psychologist Elizabeth Loftus has established that trying to answer leading questions can create false memories in eyewitnesses. For example, participants in an experiment may all view the same video clip of a car crash. Participants are assigned at random in one of two groups. The participants in the first group are asked "How fast was the car moving when it passed by the stop sign?" The participants in the other group are asked a similar question that does not refer to a stop sign. Later, the participants from the first group are more likely to remember seeing a stop sign in the video clip, even though there was in fact no such sign. Such findings have been replicated and raise serious questions about the validity of information elicited through leading questions during eyewitness testimony

 * I had rewritten this section with sources, and this may be of use:
 * Suggestive question: A question that implies that a certain answer should be given in response, or falsely presents a presupposition in the question as accepted fact. Such a question "tricks" the person into answering a specific way that may or may not be true or consistent with their actual feelings, and can be deliberate or unintentional.  For example, the phrasing "Don't you think this was wrong?" is more suggestive that "Do you think think this was wrong?" despite the difference of only one word.  The former may subtly pressure the respondent into responding "yes," whereas the latter is far more direct.  A variation is a question with a false or flawed presupposition that is presented to a respondent in a manner implying it is incontestably true.  Experimental research by psychologist Elizabeth Loftus has established that trying to answer such questions can create confabulation in eyewitnesses. For example, participants in an experiment may all view the same video clip of a car crash. Participants are assigned at random in one of two groups. The participants in the first group are asked "How fast was the car moving when it passed by the stop sign?" The participants in the other group are asked a similar question that does not refer to a stop sign. Later, the participants from the first group are more likely to remember seeing a stop sign in the video clip, even though there was in fact no such sign. Such findings have been replicated and raise serious questions about the validity of information elicited through poorly phrased questions during eyewitness testimony.
 * Legitimus (talk) 20:59, 6 April 2010 (UTC)

 * That is very helpful, still, one crucial question remains: do we add a section on suggestive question to to the article on leading question, or do we create a separate article? --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 03:35, 7 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Because of the general legal context of this article, I feel it should be split, taking the "Psychological Research" section with it. While "leading" and "suggestive" are used interchangeably sometimes in sources, there seems to be a noticeable trend towards separate meanings, particularly when used outside the courtroom.  Indeed the Copeland source provided above specifically differentiates the two in the context of debate and extemp.  Other contexts where suggestive questioning is an issue are witness interviewing and formulation of research survey questions.Legitimus (talk) 12:21, 7 April 2010 (UTC)
 * I think they are somewhat different things. A leading question, at law, does indeed suggest the answer, but not necessarily through any trickery. If the attorney asks a friendly witness, "Did you go to the store at 4:00 PM to buy a pair of sandals?" this is leading not because it somehow plays on the witnesses emotions, but because the attorney is basically telling the witness what to say. The proper way to elicit the testimony is to ask the witness what they did at 4:00 PM (and when the witness answers that they went to the store, to follow up by asking why). Leading questions are permissible with respect to hostile witnesses, because they are not likely to be merely following the lawyer's lead. bd2412  T 22:28, 8 April 2010 (UTC)
 * I have written a new article, incorporating as much of the information taken from both articles as possible: Suggestive question.Legitimus (talk) 16:18, 19 April 2010 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Industry Theory and Practice 74252
— Assignment last updated by Patrickgleason6 (talk) 17:12, 27 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Leading question


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Coraki, New South Wales

Coraki is a small town that sits on the confluence of the Richmond and Wilsons Rivers in northern New South Wales, Australia in Richmond Valley Shire. At the 2021 census, Coraki had a population of 1,277 people.

History
The name Coraki is derived from the Bundjalung word gurigay, meaning the meeting of the waters, and the Bundjalung people are the traditional owners of the area.

The village was founded by William Yabsley in 1849 when Lismore was only a small cattle station and Casino had only one store and a hotel. Yabsley and his family obtained the lease to Brook Station and established the first permanent settlement. He built his shipyard just above The Junction, as it was first called. Many ships and river boats were launched there and Yabsley opened a store for provisions for the cedar cutters who came to the district. Transport at the time was almost entirely by water and Coraki was the busiest port on the Richmond River.

Description
Coraki is positioned centrally to the hub of the Summerland Way Casino (30 km west), the regional city of Lismore (25 km north) and the popular tourist beachside location of Evans Head (25 km east). At the western boundary of Coraki township lies Box Ridge, an Aboriginal community.

Like many other towns in the area, it is a hub for the local agricultural industries such as cattle, sugar cane and tea tree oil.

Coraki is a small village with many community facilities: Coraki Fire Station, Coraki Public School, St Joseph's Primary School, St Joseph's Church, Coraki Uniting Church, Coraki Anglican Church, Coraki Community Hall, the Rural Transaction Centre, Mid-Richmond Museum, Coraki Library, post office, Mid-Richmond Retirement Village, cemetery, hockey fields, tennis courts, skate park, boat ramp, and the Memorial Park with barbecue, playground and picnic facilities aligning the "healing stones" riverside path. There is a number of local businesses, including the historic Coraki Hotel on Richmond Terrace.

Events
Coraki is the home of the annual Coraki Art Prize (formerly the Coraki Tea Tree Art Prize) and an art competition and exhibition open to all artists and including painting, drawing, photography, sculpture and printmaking, held late October.

In 2010, the first Dylanfest celebrated the music, art and poetry of Bob Dylan in October at the Coraki Hotel.

Annually in November, the Tweed Water Skiing Club converges on the Richmond River to contest the "Coraki Assault" race.

Population
According to the 2021 Census of Population, there were 1,155 people in Coraki, with the following demographic features:
 * Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 10.6% of the population.
 * 80.0% of people were born in Australia and 84.0% of people spoke only English at home.
 * The most common responses for religion were No Religion 32.6%, Catholic 22.9% and Anglican 15.2%.

Native title
In late April 2021, the Federal Court of Australia convened at Evans Head, where a native title determination was made over 7.2 km2 of land, consisting of 52 separate areas of land. Included in the land is a bora ring of great cultural significance to the Bundjalung people, near Coraki.

title: Coraki, New South Wales


text:
Carl Fredrik af Wingård

Carl Fredrik af Wingård (born 26 September 1781 in Stockholm, died 19 September 1851) was a Swedish Lutheran archbishop of the Church of Sweden, Professor at Uppsala University, and politician. He served as Archbishop of Uppsala 1839–1851. He was also holder of seat 10 in the Swedish Academy.

Biography
His noble title (af) was added to his family name Wingård already in 1799, as he was the son of a bishop, Johan Wingård, who became his predecessor in the Diocese of Gothenburg. He was cousin to the poet Johan Börjesson.

Af Wingård studied at the Uppsala University and eventually became professor there in 1810. In 1818 he was ordained priest and 8 July 1818 he became bishop of Gothenburg.

From all reports, af Wingård seems to have been a humanistic teacher and professor, gentle and caring, especially towards students.

Af Wingård was active against alcoholism among priests, and was one of the founders of the Temperance Society (Nykterhetssällskapet) of Gothenburg, established in 1830. He also founded the Swedish Mission Society (Svenska Missionssällskapet) in 1835, an organization for missions work among the Sámi people, together with Methodist missionary George Scott, industrialist Samuel Owen, priest Johan Olof Wallin, Count Mathias Rosenblad, and others. He served as president of Pro Fide et Christianismo, a Christian education society.

He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1838.

Distinctions

 * 🇸🇪 Order of the Seraphim
 * 🇸🇪 Commander of the Order of the Polar Star

title: Carl Fredrik af Wingård