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User talk:Ckemp

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --Spinboy 21:39, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Ckemp


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Quebec County (federal electoral district)

Quebec County (Comté de Québec) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1925.

It was created by The British North America Act, 1867 which preserved existing ridings in Lower Canada. It was abolished in 1924 when it was merged into Québec—Montmorency riding.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
By-election: On Mr. Chauveau being called to the Senate, 20 February 1873

By-election: On Mr. Caron being appointed Minister of Militia and Defence, 8 November 1880

By-election: On Mr. Fitzpatrick being appointed Solicitor General, 11 July 1896

By-election: On Mr. Fitzpatrick being appointed Chief Justice of Canada, 4 June 1906

By-election: On Mr. Pelletier being appointed Postmaster General, 10 October 1911

By-election: On Mr. Pelletier's resignation, 20 October 1914


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User:JEMathews

I'm a professional musician residing in New York City. I like most music but gravitate toward the progressive, soulful, and electronic. I try my best not to be a snob, but I'm an unrepentant aesthete. I dig great architecture, gadgets & art. I also unapologetically support comics, especially the great non-superhero books like Transmetropolitan and Y:The Last Man.

title: User:JEMathews


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Quebec West

Quebec West (Québec-Ouest) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1935, and from 1949 to 1968.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. It was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed into Portneuf, Quebec West and South and Québec—Montmorency ridings.

The riding was recreated in 1947 from parts of Quebec West and South riding.

It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Langelier, Louis-Hébert and Portneuf ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Quebec West


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List of Michigan railroads

The following railroads operate in the U.S. state of Michigan.

Common freight carriers

 * Adrian and Blissfield Rail Road (ADBF)
 * Ann Arbor Railroad (AA)
 * Canadian National Railway (CN) through subsidiaries Grand Trunk Western Railroad (GTW), Sault Ste. Marie Bridge Company (SSAM), and Wisconsin Central Ltd. (WC)
 * Canadian Pacific Railway (CP) through subsidiary Soo Line Railroad (SOO)
 * Charlotte Southern Railroad (CHS)
 * Conrail Shared Assets Operations (CRSH, CSAO)
 * Coopersville and Marne Railway (CPMY)
 * CSX Transportation (CSXT)
 * Delray Connecting Railroad (DC)
 * Detroit Connecting Railroad (DCON)
 * Escanaba and Lake Superior Railroad (ELS)
 * Grand Elk Railroad (GDLK)
 * Grand Rapids Eastern Railroad (GR)
 * Great Lakes Central Railroad (GLC)
 * Hamilton Northwestern Railroad (HNW)
 * Huron and Eastern Railway (HESR)
 * Indiana Northeastern Railroad (IN)
 * Indiana and Ohio Railway (IORY)
 * Jackson and Lansing Railroad (JAIL)
 * Lake State Railway (LSRC)
 * Lake Superior and Ishpeming Railroad (LSI)
 * Lapeer Industrial Railroad (LIRR)
 * Marquette Rail, LLC (MQT)
 * Michigan Shore Railroad (MS)
 * Michigan Southern Railroad (MSO)
 * Mid-Michigan Railroad (MMRR)
 * Mineral Range Railroad (MRA)
 * Norfolk Southern Railway (NS)
 * West Michigan Railroad (WMI)

Private freight carriers

 * Carmeuse Lime & Limestone
 * Port Inland Railroad

Passenger carriers

 * Adrian & Blissfield Railroad (ADBF)
 * Amtrak (AMTK)
 * Charlotte Southern Railroad (CHS)
 * Coopersville and Marne Railway
 * Detroit People Mover
 * ExpressTram
 * Michigan State Trust for Railway Preservation
 * QLine
 * Southern Michigan Railroad

Defunct railroads

 * Passenger carriers
 * Alanson and Petoskey Railroad
 * Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O, BO): trackage rights to Detroit for passenger trains only
 * Boyne Valley Railroad
 * Western State Normal Railroad

 * Electric
 * Adrian Electric Street Railway
 * Adrian Street Railway
 * Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti Electric Railway
 * Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti Street Railway
 * Bay Cities Consolidated Railway
 * Benton Harbor and St. Joseph Electric Railway
 * Citizens' Street Railway (Battle Creek)
 * Citizens' Street Railway (Kalamazoo)
 * City Electric Railway (Detroit)
 * City Electric Railway (Port Huron)
 * Consolidated Street Railway
 * Crystal Lake Railway
 * Detroit Railway
 * Detroit and Chicago Traction Company
 * Detroit Citizens' Street Railway
 * Detroit Electric Railway
 * Detroit and Flint Railway
 * Detroit, Fort Wayne and Belle Isle Railway
 * Detroit, Howell and Lansing Railway
 * Detroit and Lake St. Clair Railway
 * Detroit, Lake Shore and Mt. Clemens Railway
 * Detroit, Mount Clemens and Marine City Railway
 * Detroit and Northwestern Railway
 * Detroit, Plymouth and Northville Railway
 * Detroit and Pontiac Railway
 * Detroit and Port Huron Shore Line Railway
 * Detroit and River St. Clair Railway
 * Detroit, Rochester, Romeo and Lake Orion Railway
 * Detroit and Toledo Shore Line Railroad
 * Detroit, Ypsilanti and Ann Arbor Railway
 * Detroit, Ypsilanti, Ann Arbor and Jackson Railway
 * Detroit United Railway
 * Detroit and Utica Railway
 * Escanaba Electric Street Railway
 * Grand Haven Street Railway
 * Grand Rapids Railway
 * Grand Rapids, Belding and Ionia Railway
 * Grand Rapids and Chicago Railway
 * Grand Rapids, Grand Haven and Muskegon Railway
 * Grand Rapids, Holland and Lake Michigan Rapid Railway
 * Grand Rapids and Saginaw Railroad
 * Highland Park Railway
 * Holland and Lake Michigan Railway
 * Houghton County Traction Company
 * Inter-Urban Railway
 * Jackson and Ann Arbor Railway
 * Jackson and Battle Creek Traction Company
 * Jackson Street Railway
 * Jackson and Suburban Traction Company
 * Kalamazoo, Gull Lake and Northern Railroad
 * Lansing City Railway
 * Lansing City Electric Railway
 * Lansing, Dexter and Ann Arbor Railway
 * Lansing, St. Johns and St. Louis Railway
 * Manistee, Filer City and Eastlake Railway
 * Marinette Gas, Electric Light and Street Railway
 * Marquette City and Presque Isle Railway
 * Menominee Electric Light, Railway and Power Company
 * Michigan Railroad (MRC)
 * Michigan Railway
 * Michigan Traction Company
 * Michigan United Railways
 * Mount Clemens and Lake Side Traction Company
 * Muskegon Railway
 * Muskegon Street Railway
 * Muskegon Traction and Lighting Company
 * Negaunee and Ishpeming Street Railroad
 * Negaunee and Ishpeming Street Railway and Electric Company
 * North Detroit Electric Railway
 * Owosso and Corunna Electric Company
 * Owosso and Corunna Traction Company
 * Port Huron, St. Clair and Marine City
 * Rapid Railroad
 * Rapid Railway
 * Saginaw Consolidated Street Railway
 * Saginaw Suburban Railway
 * Saginaw Valley Traction Company
 * St. Joseph and Benton Harbor Street Railway
 * Saugatuck, Douglass and Lake Shore Railway
 * South Grand Rapids Street Railway
 * South Haven and Paw Paw Lake Electric Railway
 * Southern Michigan Traction Company
 * Toledo, Adrian and Jackson Railway
 * Trans-St. Mary's Traction Company
 * Twin City General Electric Company
 * Union Street Railway
 * West Michigan Traction Company
 * Wyandotte and Detroit River Railway

Defunct

 * Michigan AuSable Valley Railroad

title: List of Michigan railroads


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Quebec-Centre (federal electoral district)

Quebec-Centre (Québec-Centre) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. It consisted of Palace Ward, St. Louis Ward, St. John's Ward and the parts of Montcalm Ward and the Banlieue not included in Quebec West or Quebec East ridings. It was abolished in 1914 when it was redistributed into Quebec East and Quebec South ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
By-election: On Mr. Cauchon being appointed President of the Privy Council, 7 December 1875

By-election: On Mr. Cauchon being appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Manitoba, 1877

By-election: On Mr. Langelier being appointed judge, 14 January 1898

By-election: On Mr. Malouin being appointed Puisne Judge of the Superior Court of Quebec, Arthabasca District, 7 January 1905


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Talk:Si La people

Corn
What is meant by "corn" in this article? — Pekinensis 21:41, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I have removed the reference. — Pekinensis 29 June 2005 13:04 (UTC)

title: Talk:Si La people


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Talk:Dukes of Burgundy family tree

Re the sequence of dukes of Burgundy: Philip II "The Bold", Jean "The Fearless", Philip III "The Good" and Charles "Le Hardi", I rather think that the nicknames of Philip II and Charles are the wrong way round. The correct sequence is Philip "Le Hardi" (the bold), Jean "Sans Peur" (the fearless), Philip "Le Bon" (the good) and Charles "Le Téméraire" (the rash). This confusion sometimes arises because in English "hardi" and "téméraire" can both be translated as "bold". Philip II was originally nicknamed "le hardi" in the sense of "cheeky, cocky". Charles was named "le téméraire" in the admiring sense of "brave, bold", but post mortem and in retrospect "rash" is more fitting, which is usually how he is called in English.

There is an error in this family tree. Joanna (1293-1348), daughter of Robert II, Duke of Burgundy, married (1313) Philip VI, King of France. Joanna, Countess of Burgundy, married (1307) Philip V, King of France, and their daughter, Joanna (1308-1347; Countess of Burgundy after her mother's death in 1329), married (1318) Eudes IV. In addition, "La Marche" is misspelled as "La Merche" under Hugh XIII.
 * Thanks for your corrections: they will be taken to consideration in a next version of this tree. muriel@pt 15:47, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Ah. After leaving the comment, I saw on your userpage that you'd retired from doing these, so I fixed it myself.

The comments at the end of the image contain a mistake, Mary died in 1482, as stated, correctely, just above. --130.161.31.146 11:58, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Muriel, if you're still about, looking at this, Charles the Bold's nickname in French was not "le Hardi" but "le Téméraire." john k 18:53, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

A further correction is required as the wives of Hugh III have been reported in the wrong order. Deknyff 16:57, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

The Willa who married Hugh of Vienne (Arles) was not the sister of Hugh "the Black" of Burgundy, but of King (and Emperor) Louis "the Blind" of Provence; both she and Louis were the children of Boso of Provence and his Carolingian wife, Ermengard. SGilsdorf 20:19, 13 June 2007 (UTC)

More errors: The sons of Hugh Capet were Otto and Odo(Eudes)-Henry, not Odo and Otto Henry. Otto William was not son of Odo Henry, but step-son, the son of Adelbert, King of Italy, whose widow married Odo Henry. The wife of Henry of Burgundy, son of Robert I, is entirely unknown. That she was Sybilla was a mistake in interpreting a reference to one of her daughters-in-law. That she is of Barcelona is nothing but a guess. Agricolae (talk) 01:28, 15 February 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dukes of Burgundy family tree


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Template:House of Glücksburg (Denmark)

{|
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Usage

where  is one of the following section headings: ,  ,  ,  , or  , which suppresses extraneous links to grandchildren. If the section parameter is omitted, all grandchildren links are displayed. }}
 * }

title: Template:House of Glücksburg (Denmark)


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Audubon's shearwater

Audubon's shearwater (Puffinus lherminieri) is a common tropical seabird in the petrel family. Sometimes known as the dusky-backed shearwater, the specific epithet honours the French naturalist Félix Louis L'Herminier.

Certain populations are known variously as Baillon's shearwater, tropical shearwater, Bannerman's shearwater, Mascarene shearwater and Persian shearwater; some of these are considered distinct species by various authors. If they are all placed in P. lherminieri, the North Atlantic little shearwater (otherwise often separated as P. baroli) is generally included here too. Thus, these small shearwaters form a cryptic species complex.

Description
Audubon's shearwaters are on average 30 cm in length—about half the size of the greater shearwater (Puffinus gravis)—and weigh 170 g. There is some variation between populations, and the normal size and weight range is 30 - 33 cm and 150 –. The wingspan is 64 to 72 cm, the tail is around 8.5 cm long, the exposed culmen measures 3 cm or slightly less, and the tarsus is around 4 cm in length. In general appearance, it is a small shearwater, black above and white below and hard to distinguish from its relatives at first glance.

The upperparts, rectrices and undertail coverts are blackish-brown, as are at least the distal undersides of the remiges, but sometimes the entire feathers. The rest of the underparts are white, as is the head below eye level. The iris is dark, the feet are dull pink with a black wash and black toenails, and the bill is grey, darker towards the tip, and with a pinkish hue.

Males and females look alike. Immature birds do not have a distinct plumage, while the nestlings are covered with down feathers, grey above and whitish on the belly.

It can be confused with the Manx shearwater (P. puffinus), which has white undertail coverts and in direct comparison a longer bill. Other similar-looking species are usually completely allopatric, though the largely subantarctic little shearwater (P. assimilis) may occasionally range into waters where P. lherminieri is normally found. It has more white on the face and underwing, a smaller bill and greyish-blue feet.

Its twittering calls and mewing are often only heard at night in the breeding colonies.

Range and ecology
If not split into several species, Audubon's shearwater ranges across the Indian Ocean north to the Arabian Sea, throughout the north-west and central Pacific, in the Caribbean, and parts of the eastern Atlantic. It is a species of tropical waters; only some Atlantic populations and Bannerman's shearwater of the Ogasawara Islands occur farther north. Unlike the larger shearwaters, adult Audubon's shearwaters are not thought to wander much or undertake great migrations, although their young birds do so before breeding, and western Indian Ocean birds may gather in large numbers at the upwelling zone in the Arabian Sea.

It is adaptable as regards its preferred marine habitat; it can be found in pelagic, offshore and inshore waters. It feeds in a variety of methods, mainly diving out of flight, plunging underwater from a swimming position, and picking up food less than a bill's length underwater while "pattering" as if it were walking across the waves. It eats small fish, squid and planktonic crustaceans. Unlike other shearwaters, it is not commonly a ship-follower, though it may attend small fishing boats; it is also sometimes met with as part of a mixed-species feeding flock.

The species is colonial, nesting in small burrows and crevices in rocks and on earthy slopes on atolls and rocky islets. The breeding season varies according to location and subspecies, but how precisely is not very well-studied. Both parents share the responsibility of incubating the single white egg (measurements of 52.5 by 36.2 mm and a weight of 37 g have been recorded for one specimen of average size ), each incubating for periods of 2 to 10 days until the egg hatches after 49–51 days of incubation. The nestlings are brooded for half a week to one week, after which time the parents will leave it mostly alone in the burrow and spend most of their time foraging and feeding their voracious offspring, which become very fat. Time from hatching to fledging is 62–75 days. Audubon's shearwaters take about 8 years to reach breeding age. As typical for Procellariiformes they are long-lived for their size, one bird ringed as an adult was still alive 11 years later; it must have been more than 15 years old at that time.

While some small populations are threatened, the species as a whole (in the present sense, i.e. unsplit) is not considered to be globally threatened.

Systematics
Audubon's shearwater belongs to the Puffinus sensu stricto group of mid-sized and small shearwaters, which is related to the genus Calonectris. The taxonomy of this species is extremely confusing. It is occasionally listed as a subspecies of P. assimilis (the little shearwater), but they do not appear to be that closely related. Rather, P. lherminieri seems to belong to an ill-resolved clade also including such species as the little shearwater, the Manx shearwater (P. puffinus) or the black-vented shearwater (P. opisthomelas).

The little-known Heinroth's shearwater (P. heinrothi) is sometimes considered a subspecies of either Audubon's or the little shearwater. Though it is likely to be another member of that close-knit group, its actual relationships remain uncertain due to lack of specimens.

Audubon's shearwater itself has around 10 subspecies. Several have at one time or another been suggested to constitute separate species. For example, the Galápagos Islands population has turned out to be a very distinct species, the Galápagos shearwater (P. subalaris); it is apparently related to the Christmas shearwater (P. nativitatis) and together with it constitutes an ancient lineage without other close relatives in the genus. Other taxa were initially assigned to the little shearwater and later moved to Audubon's. Analysis of mtDNA cytochrome b sequence data – which is of somewhat limited value in procellariiform birds however – indicates that at least three major clades can be distinguished:

The lherminieri clade (Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean)
The former two have more white on the face and bluish feet like the little shearwater, with which they were formerly placed Many taxonomists consider both Boyd's and Barolo shearwaters distinct species, depending on whether biogeography and morphological differences or the genetic similarity are considered more significant, and what other lineages are considered distinct from P. lherminieri in a particular treatment. The southern Caribbean birds were separated as P. l. loyemilleri, but are not distinct.
 * Puffinus lherminieri lherminieri Lesson, 1839 – breeds throughout the Caribbean, on the Bahamas and formerly on Bermuda; ranges throughout the Caribbean and up the North American Atlantic coast up to southern Canada, with vagrants having been recorded off north-eastern Canada. A small breeding colony found in 1993 in the Itatiaia Islands off Vila Velha (Espírito Santo, Brazil) probably belongs to this subspecies. Includes loyemilleri.
 * Barolo shearwater, Puffinus baroli (Bonaparte, 1857) – breeds on the Azores and Canary Islands (east Atlantic); ranges throughout east Atlantic around (but mostly north of) the Tropic of Cancer.
 * Boyd's shearwater, Puffinus boydi Mathews, 1912 – breeds on the Cape Verde Islands (east Atlantic); ranges throughout the east Atlantic around (but mostly south of) the Tropic of Cancer.

The persicus clade (West Indian Ocean)
These form another distinct clade as indicated by mtDNA sequences, and have for some time been proposed as a distinct species, Persian shearwater (P. persicus). From the molecular data alone, this seems fairly warranted, but the ranges of the two taxa are quite far apart, separated by forms of the third clade. It is quite obvious that on the basis of such contradicting data as presently available, no decision can be taken regarding the taxonomic status of these birds. Possibly, they do form a distinct species separated from the third clade by a different circannual rhythm, as is known from other procellariiform birds. They are phenotypically distinct, with a longer bill, a dark rump, and more extensive dark on the underwing, including some mottling in the normally white area.
 * Persian shearwater, Puffinus lherminieri persicus Hume, 1837 – breeds on Khuriya Muriya Islands (Arabian Sea); ranges throughout the Arabian Sea.
 * Puffinus lherminieri temptator Louette & Herremans, 1985 – breeds on Mohéli (Comoros); ranges in W Indian Ocean around the northern end of Madagascar.

If P. bailloni is accepted as a distinct species but P. persicus is not, then this latter group would have to be included in P. bailloni.

The bailloni clade (Indian and Pacific oceans)
This group is the most confusing of all. The subspecies dichrous occurs in two areas which appear to be separated by the whole of Indonesia and the seas surrounding it; the Pacific subpopulation includes the proposed subspecies polynesiae (Ta‘ū, American Samoa) and possibly gunax (see below), whereas the geographically separated Indian Ocean subpopulation contains the birds formerly separated as nicolae (NW Indian Ocean, from Aldabra to the Maldives) and colstoni (Aldabra, Arabian Sea). There appear to be no significant genetical or morphological differences between these birds, which is quite amazing given that the Pacific and Indian Ocean subpopulations must have been isolated for a fairly long time, and that no less than three unequivocally distinct subspecies (bailloni, persicus and temptator) occur within the range of Indian Ocean dichrous. On the other hand, the supposed species Mascarene shearwater (P. atrodorsalis) is inseparable morphologically and genetically from bailloni.
 * Tropical shearwater, Puffinus lherminieri bailloni (Bonaparte, 1857) – breeds on Mascarene Islands (SW Indian Ocean); ranges throughout the SW Indian Ocean to the north of the Tropic of Capricorn, and vagrant birds seen off South Africa probably belong to this subspecies. Includes atrodorsalis.
 * Puffinus lherminieri dichrous Finsch & Hartlaub, 1867 – breeds throughout central Polynesia and possibly Melanesia (Pacific) and the NW Indian Ocean up to the Arabian Sea; ranges throughout the W Indian Ocean around the Equator, and in the C Pacific from the equatorial region to the Tropic of Capricorn. Includes colstoni, nicolae, polynesiae and maybe gunax; vagrants seen off Australia could belong to dichrous or gunax (if valid), while vagrants recorded from Guam and Rota (Marianas) might be dichrous or bannermani.

Clearly, some mechanism blocking gene flow is at work, but what this is exactly remains unknown – though as remarked above, separate breeding seasons seem a reasonable assumption and are tentatively supported by the available field data. In addition, it is entirely mysterious why such a mechanism should apply in the rather limited and ecologically homogeneous north-western Indian Ocean range, but not in the ecologically more diverse and by far larger Pacific range of dichrous.

These unresolved problems notwithstanding, this clade – possibly including the preceding one – has been proposed to constitute a separate species, the tropical shearwater or Baillon's shearwater, Puffinus bailloni.

Undetermined
These taxa could not be included in the most recent studies due to lack of material. The case of gunax seems fairly straightforward – as certainly as this can possibly be said in the absence of new data, it belongs to the bailloni clade either as a distinct subspecies, or, more likely, as yet another synonym of dichrous.
 * Bannerman's shearwater, Puffinus lherminieri bannermani Mathews & Iredale, 1915 – breeds on Ogasawara Islands (NW Pacific); ranges throughout the NW Pacific from Japanese waters to the equatorial region. Vagrants recorded from Guam and Rota (Marianas) might be dichrous or bannermani.
 * Puffinus lherminieri gunax Mathews, 1930 – breeds on Banks Islands of Vanuatu (SW Pacific); ranges throughout the SW Pacific between the equatorial region and the Tropic of Capricorn. Might belong in dichrous; vagrants seen off Australia could belong to either taxon.

The case of the more distinct bannermani, the range of which is parapatric to that of the Pacific dichrous, is more complicated. It has for some time been proposed as a distinct species, Bannerman's shearwater (P. bannermani). In the absence of more recent data to investigate this claim, its status continues to be altogether unresolved, though the case for it being at least a distinct subspecies in the bailloni clade seems good.

title: Audubon's shearwater


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Rimouski (federal electoral district)

Rimouski (also known as Rimouski—Témiscouata, Rimouski—Mitis and Rimouski-Neigette-et-la Mitis) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 2003.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867 as "Rimouski" riding.

After the 1980 federal election, it was renamed "Rimouski—Témiscouata". In 1996, it was renamed "Rimouski", and before the 1997 election, it was renamed "Rimouski—Mitis". Before the 2000 election, it was renamed "Rimouski-Neigette-et-la Mitis".

It was abolished in 2003 when it was redistributed into Rimouski—Témiscouata and Matapédia—Matane ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Rimouski (federal electoral district)


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Rouville (federal electoral district)

Rouville was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867, and was abolished in 1914 when it was merged into St. Hyacinthe—Rouville riding.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
By-election: On Mr. Brodeur being appointed Minister of Inland Revenue, 19 January 1904

title: Rouville (federal electoral district)


text: User talk:68.85.186.77

title: User talk:68.85.186.77


text:
Town of Sherbrooke

Town of Sherbrooke (Ville de Sherbrooke) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1925.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. It consisted of the Town of Sherbrooke. It was abolished in 1924 and replaced by Sherbrooke riding.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
By-election: On Mr. Ives being appointed President of the Privy Council, 5 December 1892

By-election: On Mr. Ives' death, 15 July 1899

By-election: On election being declared void, 4 December 1905

title: Town of Sherbrooke


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Soulanges (federal electoral district)

Soulanges was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. The electoral district was abolished in 1914 when it was merged into Vaudreuil—Soulanges riding.

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Soulanges (federal electoral district)


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St. Hyacinthe (electoral district)

St. Hyacinthe (Saint-Hyacinthe) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. The electoral district was abolished in 1914 when it was merged into St. Hyacinthe—Rouville riding.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
By-election: On Mr. Kierzkowski's death, 4 August 1870

By-election: On Mr. Bernier being appointed Controller of Inland Revenue, 22 June 1900

By-election: On Mr. Bernier being appointed Railway Commissioner, 19 January 1904

title: St. Hyacinthe (electoral district)


text: User talk:67.41.253.92

title: User talk:67.41.253.92


text: User:Xiong/tl

title: User:Xiong/tl


text:
St. John's (electoral district)

St. John's (Saint-Jean) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1892.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. It consisted of the Parishes of Saint Luc, Blairfindie, Saint Jean, Saint Valentin and Lacolle, and the islands in the River Richelieu lying near those parishes.

The electoral district was abolished in 1892, when it was redistributed into Missisquoi and St. Johns—Iberville ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

title: St. John's (electoral district)


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User:Springmourning

"We will oppose Wikifascism from every hotspot, from every public library, from every street corner. Jimbo did not sell pictures of naked women so we could turn his dream into leftist fantasy. Only by opposing Wikifascism can we fulfill the Bomis vision of a world full of hotchicks and a chicken in every pot." Springmourning

title: User:Springmourning


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Military campaign

A military campaign is large-scale long-duration significant military strategy plan incorporating a series of interrelated military operations or battles forming a distinct part of a larger conflict often called a war. The term derives from the plain of Campania, a place of annual wartime operations by the armies of the Roman Republic.

Definition
1. A military campaign denotes the time during which a given military force conducts combat operations in a given area (often referred to as AO, area of operation). A military campaign may be executed by either a single Armed Service, or as a combined services campaign conducted by land, naval, air, cyber, and space forces.

2. The purpose of a military campaign is to achieve a particular desired resolution of a military conflict as its strategic goal. This is constrained by resources, geography and/or season. A campaign is measured relative to the technology used by the belligerents to achieve goals, and while in the pre-industrial Europe was understood to be that between the planting (late spring) and harvest times (late autumn), it has been shortened during the post-industrial period to a few weeks. However, due to the nature of campaign goals, usually campaigns last several months, or up to a year as defined by Trevor N. Dupuy. "A campaign is a phase of a war involving a series of operations related in time and space and aimed towards a single, specific, strategic objective or result in the war. A campaign may include a single battle, but more often it comprises a number of battles over a protracted period of time or a considerable distance, but within a single theatre of operations or delimited area. A campaign may last only a few weeks, but usually lasts several months or even a year".

Conduct

 * Planning – the General Staff defining objectives, time, scope and cost of the campaign
 * Executing – the coordination of forces and resources in logistic and combat operations
 * Controlling – the monitoring of the progress of the campaign when compared to its baseline plan
 * Concluding – acceptance or rejection of the campaign outcomes by the directing command structure

Winter season
In premodern times, campaigns were usually interrupted during the winter season, during which the soldiers retreated into the winter quarters (or 'cantonments') to get through the coldest months with warmth and protection. For example, the ancient Romans had easily movable castra aestiva ('summer quarters', with leather tents) but more stationary castra hibera ('winter quarters', with wooden barracks). In favourable weather and with proper equipment and supplies, however, military campaigns could be extended from the 'campaigning season' into winter in an attempt to catch the enemy off-guard. For example, in the Flanders campaign, French general Jean-Charles Pichegru unexpectedly crossed the frozen Great Rivers during the harsh winter of 1794–95, and conquered the Dutch Republic. But ill-prepared winter campaigns often had disastrous consequences due to high mortality amongst the soldiers; the most notorious example of this is the French invasion of Russia by Napoleon (24 June – 14 December 1812). Therefore, army commanders sought to take into account the need to return their troops to their winter quarters, or establish new winter quarters in a secure location, well before the winter set in, so as to not leave their soldiers vulnerable to the enemy nor the elements.

Evaluation
The success of a military campaign is evaluated based on the degree of achievement of planned goals and objectives through combat and noncombat operations. That is determined when one of the belligerent military forces defeats the opposing military force within the constraints of the planned resource, time and cost allocations. The manner in which a force terminates its operations often influences the public perception of the campaign's success. A campaign may end in conquest, and be followed by the transition of military authority to a civil authority and the redeployment of forces, or a permanent installation of a military authority in the occupied area.

Military campaigns, inside and outside defined wars, may exceed the original or even revised planning parameters of scope, time and cost. Such stalled campaigns, for example the western front in World War I, were formerly called "stalemates" but in the late 20th century the metaphor of a quagmire was often applied, and "frozen conflict" in the 21st. Such a situation may arise of various factors such as:
 * a small hope for victory
 * poorly defined objectives
 * no clear exit strategy

title: Military campaign


text:
1998 Bavarian state election

The 1998 Bavarian state election was held on 13 September 1998 to elect the members of the 14th Landtag of Bavaria. The Christian Social Union (CSU) led by Minister-President Edmund Stoiber retained its majority with minor gains, while the opposition took minor losses. The largest change in the election was the rise in popularity of the Free Voters of Bavaria, who won 3.7% of the vote, but failed to win any seats.

Parties
The table below lists parties represented in the 13th Landtag of Bavaria.

title: 1998 Bavarian state election


text:
Jakovasaurs

"Jakovasaurs" is the fourth episode of the third season of the American animated television series South Park, and the 35th episode of the series overall. It parodies the Star Wars character Jar Jar Binks from The Phantom Menace, which had been released four weeks before the episode aired, and it expresses how "betrayed" Parker and Stone felt as Star Wars fans, by how "stupid" the character was. The episode originally aired on Comedy Central on June 16, 1999.

In the episode, Stan, Kyle, Cartman, and Kenny go camping in the woods. Cartman discovers a species that was thought to be extinct. This species is very annoying, and everyone in town, except Cartman, wants to get rid of them.

The episode was written by series creator Trey Parker & Matt Stone and David Goodman and directed by Stone in his last directorial work for an episode until Cupid Ye aired in 2023.

Plot
While the four boys are camping at Stark's Pond they hear something in the woods. They seek help from Stan's uncle Jimbo and his war buddy Ned, who has lost his electrolarynx. Using a trap they discover an unusual creature that resembles a humanoid duck which turns out to be extremely annoying to everyone in town with the exception of Cartman, who is enchanted by its antics.

The town has a meeting to decide what is to be done about the creature when representatives from the Department of Interior (DOI) show up and inform the townspeople that it is a near-extinct "Jakovasaur", which they intend to use to repopulate the species. The townspeople name the creature "Hope" despite its name actually being "Joon-Joon".

Another Jakovasaur, which speaks English and is named "Jakov", makes itself known by seeking out Cartman and telling him he's looking for his wife Joon-Joon. Cartman, Kyle and Stan take Jakov to his wife in the barn where she is being held, but the townspeople hear them. Meanwhile, Jimbo brings Ned another voicebox, however he buys the wrong model and Ned is now forced to speak with an Irish accent.

It is decided that the Jakovasaurs are to be given their own home in the hope that they will breed. However, problems arise when it is determined that both Jakov and Joon-Joon lack any genitalia. Dr. Mephisto instead artificially inseminates Joon-Joon, and after a gestation period of only four days, Joon-Joon gives birth to an entire litter of baby Jakovasaurs. It is quickly determined that the Jakovasaurs are a major disruption to everyday life for the people of South Park. The DOI reps sent to help repopulate the Jakovasaur species decide to abandon their duties because of how annoying the Jakovasaurs are. They make Cartman an official "Department of Interior Person", telling him he has authority and people must respect it.

Fed up with the Jakovasaurs, the townspeople convince them to move to Memphis where they'll fit in as all the people there are "big, loud, annoying, and stupid". When Cartman finds out about the plan, he convinces the Jakovasaurs to stay in South Park instead. The townspeople then come up with a different way to get rid of the Jakovasaurs forever by rigging a game show in which Jakov will play against Officer Barbrady so that Jakov will win a trip to France with "50 of his closest relatives." Because Jakov is so stupid, Barbrady actually wins, but everyone wants the Jakovasaurs gone so they declare him the winner anyway. Stan, Kyle and Kenny try to distract Cartman from the game show so he does not realize it is fixed and take him to classify a "new antelope species" they found in the woods (which is actually Kenny with branches taped to his head, who eventually gets eaten by a bear that mistakes him for an antelope). Cartman realizes the trick and figures out the game is rigged, prompting him to rush to warn Jakov.

Cartman is too late and he arrives at the airport just as the plane carrying Jakov and his family taxis down the runway and lifts off. The townspeople approach Cartman and tell him they learned that not every form of life is worth saving, and that it is better to let nature run its course. During this, Ned voices his input with a voice box that accurately captures his original voice (as heard in flashback during "The Mexican Staring Frog of Southern Sri Lanka"), only for him and Jimbo to conclude that said voice box sucks.

The episode ends showing the Jakovasaurs on tour in Paris, looking for the Pyramid, when Jakov trips and crashes into a cafe full of French people. Rather than getting annoyed, the French people instead laugh and remark on how he reminds them of Jerry Lewis.

Production
The episode was produced just weeks before the release of South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut, and its production ran concurrently with the movie's post-production, a process which the show's creators described as "hell". The episode aired on June 16, 1999, the same day that Trey Parker was putting the finishing touches to the movie's sound mix. Before producing the episode, the creators had done a Jar Jar based spoof for the MTV movie awards, which MTV refused to run.

The episode was written by series creators Trey Parker & Matt Stone and David Goodman and because of Parker finishing the movie, it was directed by Stone in his last directorial work for an episode until Cupid Ye aired in 2023.

Reception
The episode has received mixed reviews from critics. Travis Pickett of IGN gave the episode a 6/10, ultimately saying the "Jakovasaur" joke goes on for too long and was dragged on.

title: Jakovasaurs


text:
Talk:Index finger

Untitled
This:

 * During the Bosnian war, Orthodox Serbo-Bosnian troops raised two fingers in a victory sign (maybe related to Orthodox versions of the sign of the cross), Catholic Bosnian Croats raised three fingers (for Trinity) and Muslims raised the forefinger (after the strict monotheism of Islam).

...gets it all wrong: in fact, it was Croats who raised two fingers, and Serbs raised three. Consequently, attempted explanations are also wrong. I've corrected this in the Sign of the cross article and copied it here verbatim; see also Talk:Sign of the cross. GregorB 21:49, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)

== Why it's called the 'index' finger ==

Umm...the middle finger wasn't called the index finger in the past because it was used to 'flip through index cards.' This is so ridiculously erroneous. Index means 'something that points or directs', so it was called 'index' finger because it points at things, not because its used to flip through index cards. Whoever wrote that is clearly a dumbass and shouldn't be allowed to write on wikipedia ever again.

Actually, the middle finger isn't called the index finger at all. Perhaps some should check their own accuracy prior to criticizing others.

 * And finally, the word 'index' comes from the Middle English word for forefinger, from IE root deik-, the same root from which we get 'digit.'

 * PS: sign talk pages with four tildes (~). JordeeBec 18:45, 10 April 2007 (UTC)

Ratio with ring finger
Over the years several studies have indicated several behaviour and medical aspects which the ratio between ring finger and index finger plays a part in, as a guide of testerone levels. Wondering if this should somehow be incorporated into either article or in an article of its own. --Stalfur 10:53, 23 May 2007 (UTC)
 * BBC:Finger length heart attack clue
 * BBC:Finger length 'key to aggression'
 * BBC:Fingers 'a clue to exam success'

This article fails pretty hard. Needs a better picture. That hand and wrist look like a skeleton. Also, needs moar mudkips. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 137.73.126.169 (talk) 13:03, 21 November 2007 (UTC)

Men are 2.5 times more likely than women to have an index finger which is shorter than their ring finger, and such ratios correlate with an increased likelihood of osteoarthritis, especially for women. This sentence may be somewhat confusing because it speaks about men but ends with "especially for women", making the reader ask, "Wait--this was talking about men, right?"

I'm not saying it sounds wrong, just need a slight rewording so readers don't have to do a double-take.

in europe
in Europe pointing, is generally consider rude. as u could accidental point at a person, which can offend some people (and gets u an evil glance) Markthemac (talk) 00:38, 26 January 2009 (UTC)

I don't think that should be included here. Instead perhaps a link to Types_of_gestures.
 * And finger-pointing. --Pawyilee (talk) 14:35, 23 June 2011 (UTC)

I slightly corrected the bit that says that finger pointing isn't rude in the West... it's incredibly offensive to most people in all the European countries I've been in. 91.85.182.231 (talk) 23:11, 16 December 2011 (UTC)

The "Uses" Section
The "Uses" section really needs help, doesn't it? I especially found the following quite offputting: "Many between 2 and 12 years of age find the index finger particularly useful for "picking" their nose. This is done when the index finger is thrust upward into the nasal passage."

This isn't the Encyclopedia Dramatica. Wikipedia covers a wide range of topics, but it always treats them intelligently. This article sounds like a joke entry in a Wikipedia parody, rather than an actual article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.100.130.228 (talk) 18:06, 23 May 2014 (UTC)

I completely agree, the nose picking + the foam finger = ridiculous — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.226.163.84 (talk) 02:45, 28 October 2015 (UTC)

The use of index finger for pointing is used by every nation and every one its a common thing .the wikipedia page should not include it with specifying to certain natons Muhammad qari (talk) 06:46, 27 November 2021 (UTC)

Salafi/Jihadism
The act of pointing the index finger in the air is used as a symbol by radical Islamists such as ISIS to represent monotheism and the oneness of God ("There is no god but Allah"). I suggest that this be added to the article but am hesitant to do it myself because my Wikipedia credentials are rather slight.07:16, 30 May 2015 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.33.227.245 (talk)

I added it dont worry now. Muhammad qari (talk) 06:44, 27 November 2021 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Index finger. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add

after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20100331212736/http://www.comm.ohio-state.edu:80/pdavid/preparedness/docs/Crosscultural/gestures.pdf to http://www.comm.ohio-state.edu/pdavid/preparedness/docs/Crosscultural/gestures.pdf

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 16:11, 11 February 2016 (UTC)

FYI: Merger of related pages
There is consideration of a merger of the pages First finger, Second finger, Third finger and Fourth finger into a new page. Please discuss at Talk:First finger#Merge (2023), and. — HTGS (talk) 23:11, 15 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Index finger


text:
Tim Reynolds

Tim Reynolds (born 15 December 1957) is an American guitarist and multi-instrumentalist known as both a solo artist and as lead guitarist for the Dave Matthews Band. AllMusic critic MacKenzie Wilson has called Reynolds "an under-rated master".

Reynolds plays the guitar, piano, sitar, drums, violin, bass, keyboards, ethnic percussive instruments, solo djembe, harp, uses drum machines for special effects, and sings, although his performances are primarily instrumental rock music. As well as being the founding member of the band TR3, while he was a regular performer at Miller's, a bar in Charlottesville, Virginia, he befriended and encouraged the bartender, a young Dave Matthews, to form a band of his own, introducing him to local musicians, several of whom make up the Dave Matthews Band. While Reynolds long declined the offer to join as an official member, he recorded and toured as a sideman with the Dave Matthews Band from its inception until late 1998, joining them as a permanent member in June 2008. He often tours with Dave Matthews as an acoustic duo in addition to performing as a member of Dave Matthews & Friends.

Early years
Reynolds was born in Wiesbaden, Germany, where his father, who served in the U.S. Army, was stationed. He says he hails from nowhere, because the family moved so often. His family lived many places, including Germany, a farm in Indiana, an army base in Alaska, Kansas, and Missouri, where he lived longer than any other place until he was old enough to move away as an adult. Both parents were extremely devout Christians and he says he grew up with Christian music all around him. However, his older sister owned some albums from the Beatles, which he says, even as a very young child, he loved instantly, playing air guitar to their music.

Upon reaching adolescence, Reynolds learned guitar and bass guitar, so he could perform in the family's local church choir three times a week, while also beginning to experiment with learning what eventually became second nature: adding riffs infused with rock and roll, funk and soul music by the age of twelve. Upon graduation from high school, he moved away from the Midwest. His talent brought him together with what would be two other founding members of the Dave Matthews Band, Carter Beauford and Butch Taylor in the fusion band Secrets in Richmond, Virginia. Later landing in Charlottesville, Virginia, finding jazz, jazz fusion, and experimental music enthusiasts there, Reynolds found the college town a more welcoming environment for him to branch out musically than any of his previous homes, and added to his experimentation other musical influences to his repertoire, including sixties psychedelic rock, citing some of his early influences as Jimi Hendrix, Carlos Santana and Led Zeppelin.

By the 1990s, he had formed the Tim Reynolds Three, or TR3, and had added other influences, such as Nine Inch Nails, Bob Marley and Marilyn Manson. In addition, he continued to learn to play other instruments, including the sitar, sarod, the mandello, keytar, tubular bells and other "exotic" instruments that were not commonly seen in Western rock music of the time.

As a duo with Dave Matthews
Reynolds was performing in Charlottesville in the late 1980s when his friend Nic Cappon encouraged him to perform at a local bar, Miller's, where he met bartender Dave Matthews. Reynolds explains: "I played there [Miller's in Charlottesville] all the time. Dave Matthews was the bartender. I knew the rest of his [future] band way before that. We played together in Charlottesville since I moved there in 1981. I would play with LeRoi Moore and Carter Beauford. Dave moved to town in 1987. When the Dave Matthews Band started (1991), I already had my own band (TR3). I told him (Matthews), 'I've got a band and I kind of like the way it is. You should start your band.' I could see that he needed to do his own thing."

In 1993, Reynolds and Matthews started playing a few acoustic duo sets. These featured Matthews' music, stripped down to just the acoustic guitar, paired with Reynolds' guitar and occasional use of slide guitar. During these sets, Reynolds would play between one and four of his own pieces that spanned his own catalog of work. After a few years these shows gained popularity, and in 1996 Matthews and Reynolds embarked on their first full tour together as a duo. In 1999, coinciding with the release of the 40-date tour, Live at Luther College was released.

After a short break, Reynolds toured again with Matthews as a duo in 2003. Reynolds and Matthews then reprised their duo shows as an opening act for the Dave Matthews & Friends tour in 2003 and early 2004. They played several shows together in 2006 and 2007. Reynolds joined Matthews on a mini-tour of Europe in February and March 2007. On 14 August 2007, Matthews and Reynolds released a live CD/DVD set, Live at Radio City, including the songs "Stay or Leave", "Gravedigger", "Cornbread", and "Dancing Nancies," among others. It also includes two of Reynolds' own songs: "You are My Sanity" and "Betrayal". The Radio City show was also released in high definition on Blu-ray.

In 2008, Reynolds once again joined Dave Matthews Band for the recording of Big Whiskey and the Groogrux King with producer Rob Cavallo. It was Reynolds's first recording collaboration with Matthews since 2003's Some Devil and his first with the Dave Matthews Band since 1998's Before These Crowded Streets.

Reynolds and Matthews performed together several times in April 2008: in support of Presidential candidate Barack Obama, at the "Seeds of Compassion" show in Seattle and at Jack Johnson's Kokua Festival at the Waikiki Shell on the island of Oahu, in Hawaii.

Reynolds toured as lead guitarist with the Dave Matthews Band in support of Big Whiskey and the GrooGrux King in early 2008. As of the summer/fall tour of 2023, he is still a full-time member of the Dave Matthews Band.

Dave Matthews and Friends
Following the release of Dave Matthews' first solo album, Some Devil, Matthews brought together many of the album's collaborators and embarked on a small winter 2003/2004 U.S. tour. The group consisted of Trey Anastasio (of Phish) on guitar, Brady Blade on drums, Tony Hall on bass, Ray Paczkowski on keys, and Reynolds on guitar. Each show opened with a small acoustic Matthews and Reynolds set, and then followed with the full-band set with Reynolds performing on electric guitar. Most of Some Devil was played live that tour, along with a wide variety of covers, including, by Reynolds' request, Peter Gabriel's hit "Solsbury Hill".

Dave Matthews & Friends performed occasional shows again in 2004, 2005, and 2006. In 2008, Reynolds joined the Dave Matthews Band on their summer North American tour, and scheduled to rejoin them on their Spring 2009 North American tour.

Both Matthews and Reynolds have an open taping policy that additionally extends to TR3.

Charity
Reynolds and Matthews performed on a 2008 album called Songs for Tibet, an initiative to support Tibet and Dalai Lama Tenzin Gyatso and to underline the human rights violations allegedly committed against Tibet by China. On 4 October 2009 Reynolds performed with Matthews in St. Louis, Missouri to support Farm Aid in 2009 and again in Hartford, Connecticut on 22 September 2018.

Personal life
Reynolds has a son Josef, born in February 1982 with his ex-wife, Linna. In 1995, he and then-girlfriend Diane Thomas had a daughter, Eura. They resided in New Mexico with her son Justin Bileyu. In 2008, Thomas moved with their children to North Carolina. Tim followed, to be near his daughter Eura. He currently resides in North Carolina, after living for 17 years in Virginia and several years in New Mexico. On 1 August 2017, Reynolds married Kristin Nienkirchen in Turks and Caicos.

Studio albums

 * 1993 – Stream
 * 1997 – Sanctuary
 * 1999 – Astral Projection
 * 2000 – See into Your Soul
 * 2000 – Stream (re-release)
 * 2001 – Nomadic Wavelength
 * 2001 – ID – From the Lab (vol one)
 * 2002 – Petroglyph
 * 2005 – Parallel Universe
 * 2010 – The Limbic System
 * 2016 – That Way
 * 2020 - ‘’Venus Transit’’
 * 2021 - ‘’Soul Pilgrimage’’

Live albums

 * 1996 – Gossip of the Neurons
 * 2002 – Chaos View

As TR3

 * 1988 – TR3
 * 1991 – Shifting Currents
 * 1995 – Light Up Ahead
 * 1995 – Dear Charlottesville
 * 1995 – Comin' After You
 * 2009 – Radiance
 * 2011 – Live from SPACE and Beyond
 * 2014 – Like Some Kind of Alien Invasion
 * 2019 - "The Sea Versus the Mountain"

As Dave Matthews and Tim Reynolds

 * 1999 – Live at Luther College
 * 2007 – Live at Radio City
 * 2008 – DMBLive – Prism Coffeehouse Charlottesville, VA 4/22/1993
 * 2009 – DMBLive – Appalachian State University Boone, NC 3/29/2003
 * 2010 – Live in Las Vegas
 * 2012 – Live Trax Vol. 23
 * 2012 – Live Trax Vol. 24
 * 2012 – Live Trax Vol. 41
 * 2012 – DMBLive – Memphis, Richmond, VA 6/13/1993
 * 2014 – DMBLive – J.T. Kingsbury Hall Salt Lake City, UT 3/3/1999
 * 2019 – Live Trax Vol. 48
 * 2019 – Live Trax Vol. 49

With Dave Matthews Band

 * 1993 – Remember Two Things
 * 1994 – Recently
 * 1994 – Under the Table and Dreaming
 * 1996 – Crash
 * 1997 – Live at Red Rocks 8.15.95
 * 1998 – Before These Crowded Streets
 * 2001 – Live in Chicago 12.19.98
 * 2004 – Live Trax Vol. 1
 * 2008 – Live Trax Vol. 13
 * 2008 – Live at Mile High Music Festival
 * 2008 – Live Trax Vol. 14
 * 2009 – Live Trax Vol. 15
 * 2009 – Big Whiskey and the GrooGrux King
 * 2009 – Europe 2009
 * 2010 – Live in New York City
 * 2010 – Live Trax Vol. 19
 * 2011 – Live at Wrigley Field
 * 2011 – Live in Atlantic City
 * 2012 – Live Trax Vol. 22
 * 2012 – Away from the World
 * 2018 – Come Tomorrow
 * 2019 – Live at the Hollywood Bowl
 * 2023 – Walk Around The Moon

Grammys

 * 2010: Album of the Year – Big Whiskey and the GrooGrux King (as featured artist) – Nominated
 * 2011: Best Rock Instrumental Performance – "Kundalini Bonfire" – Nominated

title: Tim Reynolds


text:
Peter C. Fishburn

Peter Clingerman Fishburn (September 2, 1936 – June 10, 2021) was an American mathematician, known as a pioneer in the field of decision theory. In collaboration with Steven Brams, Fishburn published a paper about approval voting in 1978.

Intellectual
Fishburn received his B.S. in industrial engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 1958, his M.S. in operations research in 1961, and a Ph.D. in operations research in 1962, the latter two from the Case Institute of Technology.

In collaboration with Steven Brams, Fishburn published a paper about approval voting in 1978. In 1996, he won the John von Neumann Theory Prize. He also won the Decision Analysis Publication Award in 1991 and the Frank P. Ramsey Medal in 1987.

He was elected to the 2002 class of Fellows of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences.

Personal
Fishburn retired after many years of research at AT&T Bell Laboratories in the state of New Jersey, United States. He was married to the theologian Janet Forsythe Fishburn. He died on June 10, 2021, in Racine, Wisconsin.

title: Peter C. Fishburn


text:
User talk:Springmourning44

 * Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you were just trying to experiment, then use the sandbox instead. Thank you.  LevelCheck 21:49, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia.  LevelCheck 21:54, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Please remember that it's bad form to remove deletion tags from articles. You can always appeal to have an article deleted. Mgm|(talk) 21:54, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)

Blocked
The criticism we have on your actions isn't vandalism. Replacing the text of someone's talk page with an inflammatory remark is. Please take some time to review wikipedia policies while your blocked. You're welcome to make contributions that follow policy once the block expires. (by User:MacGyverMagic, was unsigned)

Warnings (which had been blanked by user) restored. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 22:05, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Springmourning44


text:
Yamaska (federal electoral district)

Yamaska was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1935.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867, which preserved existing electoral districts in Lower Canada.

In 1924, it was defined as consisting of the County of Yamaska, and the township of Upton in the County of Drummond.

The electoral district was abolished in 1933, when it was re-distributed into Nicolet—Yamaska, Drummond—Arthabaska and Richelieu—Verchères ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Yamaska (federal electoral district)


text:
Swan River (Colorado)

The Swan River is a short tributary of the Blue River, approximately 10 miles (16 km) long, located in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado in the United States. The river drains a mountainous area in the upper basin of the Blue River in southern Summit County. It rises in three short forks along the continental divide in the Arapaho National Forest east of Breckenridge. It descends through a narrow valley to the west, joining the Blue from the east approximately 5 miles (8 km) north Breckenridge, along State Highway 9 between Breckenridge and Frisco. The valley of the river was historical site of mining camps during the late 19th century, with many remains of early camps and mine tailings remaining along the canyon walls.

title: Swan River (Colorado)


text:
Carl Christoffer Georg Andræ

Carl Christopher Georg Andræ (14 October 1812 – 2 February 1893) was a Danish politician and mathematician. From 1842 until 1854, he was professor of mathematics and mechanics at the national military college. He was elected to the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters in 1853. Andræ was by royal appointment a member of the 1848 Danish Constituent Assembly. In 1854, he became Finance Minister in the Cabinet of Bang before also becoming Council President of Denmark 1856-1857 as leader of the Cabinet of Andræ. After being replaced as Council President by Carl Christian Hall in 1857 Andræ continued as Finance Minister in the Cabinet of Hall I until 1858. Being an individualist he, after the defeat of the National Liberals, never formally joined any political group but remained for the rest of his life a sceptical de facto conservative spectator of the 'Constitutional Struggle'.

Early life and education
Andræ was born in Hjertebjerg Rectory on the island of Møn. His parents were captain at the Third Jutland Infantry Regiment Johann Georg Andræ (1775–1814) Nicoline Christine Holm (1789–1862).

He enrolled at Landkadetakademiet in 1825. In 1829, he was appointed to Second Lieutenant in the Road Corps. He followed a course in mathematics under Hans Christian Ørsted at the College of Applied Sciences before enrolling at the new Militære Højskole in 1830. He graduated with honours in December 1834 and was then made a First Lieutenant in the Engineering Corps. He completed two study trips to Paris in 1835–38, and he made significant contributions to the field of geodesy.

Single transferable vote
Andræ developed a ranked voting system of what is now called the single transferable vote (STV), which was used in Danish elections from 1855. This was two years before Thomas Hare published his first description of an STV system, without reference to Andræ. Though thoroughly convinced of the soundness of his method of electing representatives and ready to defend it in the cabinet or the parliament, he made no effort to bring it to the attention of scientific men and statesmen in other countries, much less to defend his claim as an inventor.

Personal life
In 1842, Andræ married Hansine Pouline Schack, an early feminist, who commented on his political views in her diaries, published from 1914 to 1920 as Geheimeraadinde Andræs politiske Dagbøger.

He died on 2 February 1893. He is buried in Assistens Cemetery in Copenhagen.

title: Carl Christoffer Georg Andræ


text:
Svafrlami

Svafrlami (Old Norse: ) was in the H and U version of the Hervarar saga the son of Sigrlami, who was the son of Odin. In the R version, Svafrlami is called Sigrlami and his parentage is not given. Svafrlami was the king of Gardariki and the first owner of the magic sword Tyrfing.

One day, he was hunting on his horse and discovered two dwarves near a large stone. He bound them by swinging his sword above them so they could not disappear. The dwarves, who were named Dvalinn and Durin, asked if they could buy themselves free and undertook to make a magic sword. The sword would neither break nor rust and it would cut through iron and stone as easily as through cloth and would always give victory.

When Svafrlami acquired the sword, he saw that it was an exquisite and beautiful weapon and it was named Tyrfing. However, before disappearing into the rock, the dwarves cursed the weapon so that it would never be unsheathed without killing a man, would be the undoing of Svafrlami and cause three evil deeds.

One day, Svafrlami met the Berserker Arngrim. According to the H and U versions, they started to fight. Tyrfing cut through Arngrim's shield and down into the soil, whereupon Arngrim cut off Svafrlami's hand, took Tyrfing and slew him. Arngrim then forced Svafrlami's daughter Eyfura to marry him.

According to the R version, Arngrim became the war-chief of the aged king and was given both Tyrfing and Eyfura as rewards.

For the continued legend of the sword Tyrfing, see Arngrim.

title: Svafrlami


text:
User:Springmourning44

Say no to Wikifascism

title: User:Springmourning44


text: Category:336 BC deaths

title: Category:336 BC deaths


text:
Two Mountains (electoral district)

Two Mountains (Deux-Montagnes) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1917.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. The electoral district was abolished in 1914 when it was merged into Laval—Two Mountains riding.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

Election results
By-election: On election being declared void, 14 January 1875

By-election: On Mr. Globensky's resignation

According to Canadian Directory of Parliament, 1867–1967, p. 234., this by-election did not occur and Mr. Globensky sat until the dissolution of the 3rd Parliament.

By-election: On Mr. Daoust's death, 28 December 1891

By-election: On election being declared void, 6 August 1902

title: Two Mountains (electoral district)


text:
Talk:Michael Holt (snooker player)

VfD
On April 22, 2005, this article was nominated for deletion. The result was keep. See Votes for deletion/Michael Holt for a record of the discussion. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 23:00, 5 May 2005 (UTC)

Infobox
can someone help sort out the side bar so it stays on the right? i've used the template on other snooker players (see Tony Drago for an example) and it's not quite working. [anon.]
 * Looks fine now. — SMcCandlish [talk] [contrib] ツ 00:17, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

Vandalism
This just might be the oldest undetected vandalism in the history of Wikipedia - 6 years, 5 months, 10 days! GregorB (talk) 21:35, 16 March 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified (January 2018)
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title: Talk:Michael Holt (snooker player)


text:
Talk:Sullivan brothers

Policy as a result?
As a result of this and possibly several other incidences in which several siblings serving together have perished, the armed forces no longer allow siblings to serve in the same units (must be confirmed).

 * Can we confirm this info? Gamaliel 21:52, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * From the little bit of research I did on the topic, it doesn't seem that this prohibition was ever the case. http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq72-5.htm  shows the Navy and Armed forces stand on the issue as encouraging enlisted personel to avoid serving together.  Rather than openly opposing it.  I guess it really is a common misconception that siblings can't serve together.  Even today it seems that they still can, provided that they wave their status as a 'sole survivor'. Malo 14:13, 13 September 2005 (UTC)

In light of the Pat Tillman incident, I noticed that Pat and his brother Kevin were in the same unit. I assumed this violated the law I imagined had been passed in response to the deaths of the Sullivan brothers. When I tried to discover such a law I could not find it. RussellBell 03:49, 26 April 2007 (UTC)

The final line of the Legacy section now reads: "The United States created a law which said that no family members could serve in a war zone at the same time shortly after the Sullivan brothers died." I am not 100% sure, but I do not think this is the case. The sole survivor law states that if a sibling dies in combat, other siblings cannot be sent into combat, but if none die, there is nothing stopping them from fighting in the same war zone (or even the same unit, as RussellBell noted). Can anyone else confirm or deny this? 198.232.29.100 18:26, 18 May 2007 (UTC)

This is true, a sole surviving child must envoke the right to not serve, and then it will either be accecpted or rejected based on the cercumstances of the current battle, and of the family if the child was lost. Brothers, and no sisters, are able to serve together in a combat zone, though it is discouraged for them to serve in the same unit, it is not aginst the law. They do not have to wave their rights to sole surviving child, nor do they have the option to wave the right. The only time sole surviving child applies is if all but one child was killed in combat, and the currenct situation financial support structure of the family would be damaged more by the loss of the last child, and the sole surviving child wishes to return home. They will not force a child to return home agisnt his or her will. 192.43.65.245 12:31, 22 May 2007 (UTC)

Sullivan Brother Park
The sullivan brothers park is not on the location of their childhood home in Waterloo. It is actually located on the property that would have been about 2 houses down. I will be getting the documentation to support this, but am fairly sure, since I grew up accross the street from the home that they lived in, and the park was there long before the house was torn down, and another house was built in its place.192.43.65.245 19:46, 16 May 2007 (UTC)

Movies
Saving Private Ryan, to my knowledge based on references, was in no way based on the Sullivans, who all died, nor did the inspire the "story" of the Niland Brothers, which is not a story, it actually happened. Ryan was the story based off of the 1 SURVIVING brother. The surviving brother being the main difference between the two events, no Sullivan survived to get rescued by Tom Hanks or Bay Watch or whoever. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.137.207.191 (talk) 08:54, 20 December 2007 (UTC)

Minor Vandalism
I was just reading up on this page, and I came across this under legacy:

_________

The Sullivan Brothers have a Department of Defense Dependents Schools elementary school in Yokosuka, Japan named in their honor. hehehe _________

As I'm not an expert on the matter, I'd like someone to check over the article to make sure that this is the only blatant (or even moddest) vandalism in the article, and has not been modified with false or modified references. In the meantime, I'm going to mark it as needing cleanup. If you see the need, also lock the article from further modification. The only reason why I haven't locked it myself is both my inexperience and that it seems to be a minor issue.

The Legacy (talk) 07:56, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

The vandalism has been reverted. The Legacy (talk) 09:23, 11 March 2008 (UTC)

Shouldn't the Sullivan Brothers also be x-ref'd under Irish-Americans?? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 63.114.58.46 (talk) 16:06, 3 April 2008 (UTC)

Noteworthy Example of the Sullivan Rule?
My grandfather, Albert Kerstiens, and his brother were on the same ship in WW2. After the Sullivan law passed both were reassigned to different ships. Shortly after that the boat sank and both would have been killed. Is this story noteworthy to be mentioned anywhere?--72.241.210.205 (talk) 22:09, 26 March 2009 (UTC)
 * If it's mentioned in a reliable secondary source somewhere, it can be mentioned in the article. I recently finished reading the Satterfield and Kurzman books (both excellent and I plan to use them to expand this article soon) and both state that there never was a formal "Sullivan rule" established by the military, only an informal one in which commanders were told to encourage family members on the same ship to accept reassignment. Cla68 (talk) 23:27, 26 March 2009 (UTC)

Sister's Name?
The article seems to have two different names for their sister. This is confusing and should be resolved. "The brothers left a sister, Theresa (1917-1975)" and "Genevieve, their only sister, served in the WAVES." — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.149.10.16 (talk) 12:57, 25 September 2013 (UTC)

Thirty Pairs of Brothers?
The article claims there were thirty pairs of brothers on board the ship. That seems rather unbelievable. Can anyone confirm or deny this? Czolgolz (talk) 01:42, 23 August 2014 (UTC)

LEGACY
Why isn't there at least a U.S. postage stamp in commemoration of these men and their family who gave all? Was there ever anything like this, officially, from Washington D.C.?Starhistory22 (talk) 22:18, 30 November 2016 (UTC)

Delete section
The section “The False Myth…” should be removed. There are no sources cited, the section is written in a manner inconsistent with an encyclopedia, and the content is covered in other sections already. Imadethistosaythis (talk) 05:08, 3 September 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sullivan brothers


text:
Thomas Atkins

Thomas, Tom, or Tommy Atkins may refer to:

People

 * Thomas Atkins (mercer) (fl. 1570s to 1590s), Elizabethan member of parliament and holder of public offices
 * Thomas Atkins (Lord Mayor) (fl. 1640 to 1653), Lord Mayor of London, 1637
 * Tommy Atkins (director) (1887–1968), American film director
 * Tommy Atkins (baseball) (1887–1956), pitcher in Major League Baseball
 * Thomas E. Atkins (1921–1999), United States Army soldier and Medal of Honor recipient
 * Tom Atkins (actor) (born 1935), American television and film actor
 * Thomas I. Atkins (1939–2008), Boston City Council member and general counsel of the NAACP
 * Tom Atkins (footballer) (born 1995), Australian rules footballer

Other uses

 * Tommy Atkins, a term for a common soldier in the British Army
 * Tommy Atkins (1915 film), a British film
 * Tommy Atkins (1928 film), a British film
 * Tommy Atkins (mango), a mango cultivar

title: Thomas Atkins


text:
Butch Taylor

Butch Taylor (born Clarence Francis Taylor on April 13, 1961) is a composer, writer, keyboardist and long time guest musician with Dave Matthews Band.

Early life
Butch Taylor was born in Shawsville, Virginia on April 13, 1961. Taylor attended James Madison University, Virginia where he played trumpet in the JMU Jazz Ensemble. It was there he met future Dave Matthews Band saxophonist, LeRoi Moore. He studied for a bachelor's degree in English and a master's degree in music.

Taylor later played in Richmond, Virginia-based jazz fusion band Secrets with drummer Carter Beauford, saxophonist LeRoi Moore, trumpeter John D'earth, vocalist Dawn Thompson, bassist Keith Horne, keyboardist Dane Bryant, saxophonist Eddie Williams and virtuoso guitarist Tim Reynolds.

Dave Matthews Band
Although not a formal member of the band, he acted as a permanent member of the group from 1998 until 2008, making contributions on both studio and live albums. Taylor played on the band's studio albums Before These Crowded Streets (1998) and Stand Up (2005). His first time guesting with the band live was on June 5, 1998 at Foxborough Stadium in Foxborough, Massachusetts and he would continue guesting sporadically for the next few tours. From May 18, 2001 to April 1, 2008 Taylor played every Dave Matthews Band show. He played a total of 488 concerts with the group until announcing his departure from touring on May 27, 2008. The band's official fan club, the Warehouse Fan Association, released this message:

"Keyboardist Butch Taylor has decided to leave Dave Matthews Band. We are saddened by this sudden news but he has our full support. He’s given so much to us and our audience through the years and he will be missed."

Taylor joined the band on September 24, 2017 for the Concert for Charlottesville, the band's home town, at Scott Stadium, a benefit concert to raise funds for the victims killed and injured during the Unite the Right rally held from August 11–12, 2017. The band labeled the event as "An Evening of Music and Unity." This marked the first time Taylor guested with the band since April 1, 2008. The set also featured Stevie Wonder on vocals.

In 2018, Taylor joined the band once again in the studio to record 3 songs for their ninth album Come Tomorrow.

Current work
Between 2009 and 2015, Taylor played on studio albums for Richmond, Virginia indie rock band Carbon Leaf. In 2012 Taylor started Robert Jospé Express with Charlottesville jazz drummer Robert Jospé.

Taylor is the pianist for the Free Bridge Quintet, the faculty jazz quintet at the University of Virginia. He also serves as a professor of jazz piano at the university.

Taylor currently lives in Scottsville, VA. He is divorced and has three adult sons. He is currently the Chief Engineer/Producer/Composer at Ravensworth Studios also in Scottsville.

Studio

 * Before These Crowded Streets (1998)
 * Stand Up (2005)
 * Come Tomorrow (2018)

Live

 * Listener Supported (1999)
 * Live at Soldier Field (2000)
 * Live at Folsom Field, Boulder, Colorado (2001)
 * The Gorge (2002)
 * The Central Park Concert (2003)
 * Weekend on the Rocks (2005)
 * The Best of What's Around Vol. 1 (2006)
 * Live at Piedmont Park (2007)

with Carbon Leaf

 * Nothing Rhymes with Woman (2009)
 * Love Loss Hope Repeat (2015)

With Nikhil Korula

 * Solo Sessions EP (2013)

With Robert Jospé Express

 * ''Classics (2014)

With Robert Jospé

 * Just Lookin' (2019)

title: Butch Taylor


text:
Témiscouata (federal electoral district)

Témiscouata (also known as Rivière-du-Loup—Témiscouata) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1979.

It was created as "Témiscouata" riding by the British North America Act, 1867. In 1959, it was renamed "Rivière-du-Loup—Témiscouata" and defined to consist of:
 * the county of Témiscouata;
 * the county of Rivière-du-Loup (except the parish municipalities of Notre-Dame-du-Portage and Sainte-Françoise and the municipalities of Saint-Jean-de-Dieu and Trois Pistoles) and the city of Rivière-du-Loup.

In 1966, it was redivided into the ridings of Kamouraska and Témiscouata. The new Témiscouata riding consisted of:
 * the City of Rivière-du-Loup;
 * the Towns of Cabano and Trois-Pistoles;
 * the County of Rivière-du-Loup (except the parish municipalities of Notre-Dame-du-Portage and Saint-Antonin);
 * parts of the County of Témiscouata; and
 * parts of the County of Rimouski.

The riding was again renamed "Rivière-du-Loup—Témiscouata" in 1972.

Rivière-du-Loup—Témiscouata was abolished in 1976 when it was redistributed into the ridings of Kamouraska—Rivière-du-Loup and Rimouski.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:


text:
Stanstead (federal electoral district)

Stanstead was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1968.

It was created by the British North America Act, 1867. It consisted initially of the Townships of Stanstead, Barnston, Hatley, Barford, and Magog East and West.

In 1924, it was redefined to exclude the part of the municipality of St. Herménégilde lying in the township of Hereford.

In 1947, it was redefined to consist of:
 * the county of Stanstead, (except the municipality and the village of St. Herménégilde), and the towns of Coaticook and Magog;
 * the town of Lennoxville and the south-eastern parts of the county of Sherbrooke, and the municipality of Compton and the villages of Compton and Waterville.

The electoral district was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Compton, Missisquoi, Shefford and Sherbrooke ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Stanstead (federal electoral district)


text:
Democratic Convention

Democratic Convention may refer to:

 * Democratic Convention (France), a political party in France
 * Democratic Convention (San Marino), a defunct political party in San Marino
 * Democratic Convention of African Peoples, a political party in Togo
 * Democratic Convention of Moldova, a defunct political alliance in Moldova
 * Democratic National Convention, American Democratic Party presidential nominating events

title: Democratic Convention