text:
Gary Allan

Gary Allan Herzberg (born December 5, 1967) is an American country music singer. Signed to Decca Records in 1996, Allan made his country music debut with the release of his single "Her Man", the lead-off to his gold-certified debut album Used Heart for Sale, which was released in 1996 on Decca. His second album, It Would Be You, followed in 1998. Allan's third album, Smoke Rings in the Dark, was his first one for MCA Nashville (to which he has been signed ever since) and his first platinum album. His next albums, Alright Guy (2001) and See If I Care (2003), both were also certified platinum while Tough All Over (2005) and Greatest Hits (2007) and Living Hard (2007) were all certified gold. His next two albums Get Off on the Pain (2010) and Set You Free (2013) both reached the Top 10 on the U.S. Billboard Top Country Albums charts, at numbers 2 and 1 respectively. Overall, Allan's ten studio and greatest hits albums have produced 26 singles on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts, including the number one hits "Man to Man", "Tough Little Boys" (both 2003), "Nothing On but the Radio" (2004), and "Every Storm (Runs Out of Rain)" (2013).

Personal life
Gary Allan Herzberg was born on December 5, 1967, in La Mirada, California, to Harley and Mary Herzberg. He was raised Mormon. To ensure that the family would focus on music, Allan's mother insisted that the family's guitars would always remain visible in the home. At age 13, Allan began playing in honky tonks with his father. Two years later, he was offered his first recording contract, from A&M Records, but rejected the deal. His parents wanted him to finish his education and his father felt that Allan had yet to develop his own distinctive style. Despite his commitment to finishing school, Allan reflects that he was rarely alert in class. "I played the bars at night, I was half asleep when I got to school. I thought sleep was what you did when you go to school."

After graduating from La Serna High School in Whittier, California, Allan continued to play in the bars with his band, the Honky Tonk Wranglers. Many of the venues they played were packed, and promoters often tried to move them to larger clubs. The moves would have required him to stop playing some of the older country music, such as covers of George Jones songs, so Allan refused.

In 1987, Gary married his first wife, Tracy Taylor. They have since divorced. He married model Danette Day on November 28, 1998, in South Carolina and they divorced in June 1999. His third wife, Angela (whom he wed on June 5, 2001), died by suicide on October 25, 2004. In December 2021, Allan became engaged for the fourth time to Molly Martin.

Nashville connection
Allan was introduced to songwriter/producer Byron Hill on August 28, 1993, by a mutual friend and talent-scout Jim Seal, at a bar called the Lion D'or in Downey, California, where Allan was already regularly performing. Seal and Hill had asked Allan if they could showcase an unsigned act that they were developing there. Hill had arranged to bring the head of A&R from a major label to the show to see this other act perform. Allan kindly let them use his stage for the event, giving the new act the opening performance slot that night. Hill promised Allan that they would make sure the A&R person remained there to see his portion of the show. Everyone was knocked out with Allan's performance, and very impressed with his voice. From that point on, Byron Hill began sending Allan songs. Without any serious funding at the time, Hill arranged for Allan to go into Seal's small studio in California to try his vocals on some of existing demo tracks that Byron had sent to Allan from Nashville, Tennessee. Meanwhile, Hill became head of A&R at BNA Entertainment on October 29 of that same year and immediately wanted to sign Allan to BNA, but the then current roster conditions and other circumstances related to the planned restructuring of RCA/BNA Nashville stood in the way.

From demo to deal
In the meantime, Allan took a job selling cars. He left a demo tape in the glove box of a truck purchased by a wealthy couple. When the couple discovered that he was the singer, they wrote him a check for $12,000. This independent funding allowed Allan to go to Nashville to record some of the songs that were on that early demo tape with Byron Hill as producer. On September 11, 1995, they worked at Javelina Studios for a couple of days on the four songs that Hill immediately showed to labels. Allan's recordings brought serious responses from several labels including Mercury, RCA, and Decca. A meeting was then held at a Nashville hotel among Hill, Allan, and friend of Allan's, who was a program director for a radio station in California.

The meeting was to arrange two showcases in Los Angeles, California, to put Allan on stage at two of the radio station's regular nights at a local club. Hill arranged for staffers at the Nashville office of Decca Records to attend the first showcase held on November 1, 1995. Decca immediately wanted to sign Allan, and knowing that Hill was lining up other labels to see Allan, Decca asked them to cancel the second showcase. A rep from RCA was already booked to see the second showcase the following week, but the "bird-in-hand" deal offer was too tempting for both Allan and Hill, so they committed to the Decca offer. Decca staffer Mark Wright and Byron Hill co-produced Allan's first three albums for Decca beginning sessions on March 11, 1996, for Used Heart for Sale, then It Would Be You, both of which yielded top five singles, and later Smoke Rings in the Dark (which also included Tony Brown as a co-producer). It was during the recording of the first album that they recorded "It Must Have Been Ol' Santa Claus", as an added track to be packaged on various MCA/Decca Christmas compilations. Then Allan and Hill got a personal call from Harry Connick, Jr., the writer of the song, thanking them for the recording, during which he added a few of his New Orleans Jazz style "very cool man!" compliments. The Christmas recording has been since released on at least four compilations. The merger of PolyGram, Decca, and MCA Records marked the closing of Decca and Allan was moved to MCA Records.

Used Heart for Sale
His first deal, with Decca Records Nashville, produced his debut studio album Used Heart for Sale in 1996. The album was named "Best of the Month" by Stereo Review. It advanced to the Top 20 of the charts. Its first single, "Her Man" (previously recorded by Waylon Jennings) gave Allan his first Top 10 country hit on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. Other tracks from this album, however, proved less successful.

It Would Be You
Allan's second studio album, It Would Be You, was released in 1998. Although he has been writing songs since his teen years, the singer has not really hesitated to bump his work from his albums in favor of those written by other songwriters that he respects. For this album, Allan replaced one of his songs with "No Judgement Day", written by Allen Shamblin. Even though that song was a hidden acoustic track, radio stations started giving it some heavy airplay. "No Judgement Day" tells the story of a restaurant owner from a small town in Texas, where ex co-workers killed him in search of money, for drugs and alcohol. The album's title track became Allan's second hit to reach the Top 10 on the U.S. country charts, remaining there after 21 weeks of radio play, "way beyond the tenure of most disposable radio hits." In early-1999, Decca Records folded, and when Allan moved to the parent label, MCA Nashville, the It Would Be You album was left in limbo.

Allan was named as "Country Music's Sexy Star" by People Magazine. He also delved into the acting world in the TV mini-series Shake, Rattle, & Roll, in which he would play the lead role of Eddie Cochran. He followed that role with a part in the CBS TV series Pensacola: Wings of Gold, but describes his acting experience as "tedious."

Smoke Rings in the Dark
In 1999, Allan released his third studio album Smoke Rings in the Dark. This was an album that he recorded while in the midst of divorcing from his second wife, Versace model Danette Day, after only seven months of marriage. Unlike his first two albums, Smoke Rings in the Dark made fuller use of background singers and stringed instruments, "resulting in a lusher, fuller sound." The new album avoided the "devil-may-care brashness" of the first two, instead presenting a tone balanced between youthful optimism and "the knowledge that some of life's experiences exact a high toll." Smoke Rings in the Dark was certified platinum, and it included two successful singles, including its title track.

Alright Guy
The singer's fourth studio album Alright Guy was released in 2001. It contained the singles "The One", "Man of Me", and "Man to Man", the latter of which became his first number one hit on the U.S. Billboard country charts. That same year, Allan married for the third time, to Angela, a flight attendant whom he met on an airplane.

See If I Care
Despite his previous success and eight years in the music business, Allan was nominated for the Country Music Association's Horizon Award, typically given to newcomers, in 2003. The same year, he released his fifth studio album See If I Care. Allan had to be controversial to keep the album's title. Also, he thought that title had epitomized his attitude towards the music business, and that he would continue to make the music that he wanted to make regardless of whether the record label chose to back him or people chose to buy the album. See If I Care included Allan's second and third number one singles with "Tough Little Boys", and "Nothing On but the Radio." "Songs About Rain" was a Top 15 hit.

Tough All Over
In 2003, Allan and his wife, Angela Herzberg, moved to Tennessee from California. On October 25, 2004, Angela committed suicide after suffering from depression and migraines. Allan initially put his career on hold, but soon returned to music to deal with the loss of his wife. This resulted in 2005's "heart-wrenchingly personal album," Tough All Over. He included several songs which he wrote or cowrote, including "Puttin' Memories Away" and "I Just Got Back from Hell," which dealt directly with his grief. Several years later, Gary discussed his wife's suicide on The Oprah Winfrey Show.

Tough All Over sold over 99,000 copies in its first week, debuting at No. 3 on the Billboard 200 chart and at No. 1 on Top Country Albums. It was subsequently certified gold by the RIAA as of December 20, 2006, and contained the Top 10 singles "Best I Ever Had" (written by Vertical Horizon's Matt Scannell) and "Life Ain't Always Beautiful," co-written by country singer Cyndi Thomson (under the name Cyndi Goodman).

Greatest Hits
Allan's first Greatest Hits collection was released on March 6, 2007. A Number One album on the Billboard Top Country Albums charts, the album reprised the greatest hits from his first six albums, as well as two new songs. One of these, titled "A Feelin' Like That", was co-written by David Lee Murphy and Ira Dean (the latter a former member of Trick Pony); the single peaked at No. 12 on the country singles charts.

Living Hard
The album Living Hard was released on October 23, 2007. Serving as its lead-off single was the song "Watching Airplanes," which spent more than thirty weeks on the country charts, where it reached a peak of No. 2 and went No. 1 on the Mediabase Chart. The song's music video was filmed during live concerts, including one at the Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Morrison, Colorado. Second single "Learning How to Bend" – co-written by Allan – quickly became another hit song, peaking at No. 13. The video was filmed during a live performance at the House of Blues in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Following this song is third single "She's So California," which Allan co-wrote with Jaime Hanna (of Hanna-McEuen) and Jon Randall, and it peaked at No. 24, becoming his first single to miss the top 20 since "Lovin' You Against My Will" in 2000.

Get Off on the Pain
A new single, entitled "Today", was released on June 12, 2009. It served as the lead-off single to the album Get Off on the Pain, which was released on March 9, 2010.

The title track was the album's second single. The song debuted at No. 42 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart, the highest-debuting single of his career.

"Kiss Me When I'm Down" was released as the album's third single. That song debuted at No. 52 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart.

Set You Free
Allan's ninth studio album, Set You Free, was released on January 22, 2013. Its first single, "Every Storm (Runs Out of Rain)", was released to country radio on September 17, 2012, and reached Number One on the Country Airplay chart on February 9, 2013, giving Allan his fourth Number One country hit and his first since "Nothing On but the Radio" in December 2004. In an interview with Broadway's Electric Barnyard, Allan spoke about co-writing with women for the new release. It was the first time in his career he had done so, and he described it as an interesting experience. The album's second single, "Pieces", was released to country radio on February 25, 2013. The third single, "It Ain't the Whiskey", was released on September 23, 2013.

Ruthless
In March 2015, Allan released a new single entitled "Hangover Tonight". This song was slated to serve as the lead single to his upcoming tenth studio album, entitled Hard Way. Two more singles, "Do You Wish It Was Me?" and "Mess Me Up", followed in 2016 and 2017. The commercial failure of these singles caused delays in the release of an album.

On July 31, 2020, Allan released another new single called "Waste of a Whiskey Drink" through EMI Nashville. His tenth album, Ruthless, was released on June 25, 2021.

Political views
In 2003, Allan told CMT that he believed Republican candidate Arnold Schwarzenegger would be the best governor because he is not driven by money. In 2021, he told People that he was "very much not a Republican."

Sound
Allan's voice is described as "raspy and unpolished." The New York Times describes his music as "elegant, often deadpan songs [that] tend toward manly understatement." His sound is influenced by the Bakersfield scene, especially Buck Owens and Merle Haggard. He prefers this sound to that of the more pop country that is prevalent on country radio, because "the songs have got to have soul, have real meaning....Country music is...what happens during the week. Rock 'n roll is about what happens at the weekend." Because his sound is different from many of the current crop of country singers, as their sound is considerably more pop or rock, Allan has, at times had difficulty getting radio to play his singles. He says he has to "walk a real fine line" to "make sure that I get traditional stuff on the radio."

Studio albums

 * Used Heart for Sale (1996)
 * It Would Be You (1998)
 * Smoke Rings in the Dark (1999)
 * Alright Guy (2001)
 * See If I Care (2003)
 * Tough All Over (2005)
 * Living Hard (2007)
 * Get Off on the Pain (2010)
 * Set You Free (2013)
 * Ruthless (2021)

Compilation albums

 * Greatest Hits (2007)
 * Icon (2012)

Number one singles

 * "Man to Man" (2003)
 * "Tough Little Boys" (2003)
 * "Nothing On but the Radio" (2004)
 * "Every Storm (Runs Out of Rain)" (2013)

title: Gary Allan


text:
Archie Bell & the Drells

Archie Bell & the Drells was an American R&B vocal group from Houston and one of the main acts produced by Kenneth Gamble and Leon Huff in the late 1960s before the duo formed their highly successful label Philadelphia International Records in 1971. The group's hits include "Tighten Up", "I Can't Stop Dancing" (both 1968), "There's Gonna Be a Showdown", "Girl You're Too Young" (1969), "Here I Go Again" (also a UK hit in 1972 ), "The Soul City Walk" (1975), "Let's Groove", "Everybody Have a Good Time" (1977), and "Don't Let Love Get You Down" (1976).

Early days
Archie Bell (born September 1, 1944), who founded the group, was born in Henderson, Texas; his family moved to Houston before he was a year old. Archie formed the group in 1966 with his friends James Wise, Willie Parnell and Billy Butler.

They signed with the Houston-based record label Ovide in 1967 and recorded a number of songs including "She's My Woman" and "Tighten Up", which was recorded in October 1967 at the first of several sessions in which the Drells were backed by the instrumental group the T.S.U. Toronadoes. The origins of "Tighten Up" came from a conversation Archie Bell had with Butler. Bell was despondent after receiving his draft notice, and Butler, in an attempt to cheer him up, demonstrated the "Tighten Up" dance to Bell.

Bell's promoter, Skipper Lee Frazier, unsuccessfully began pushing the flip side of "Tighten Up", a song called "Dog Eat Dog". But at the recommendation of a friend he gave the other side a try. "Tighten Up", written by Archie Bell and Billy Butler. Bell prodded listeners to dance to the funky musical jam developed by the T.S.U. Toronadoes; It became a hit in Houston before it was picked up by Atlantic Records for distribution in April 1968. By the summer it topped both the Billboard R&B and pop charts. It also received a R.I.A.A. gold disc by selling 1 million copies. According to the Billboard Book of Number One Hits by Fred Bronson, Bell heard a comment after the Kennedy assassination in Dallas that "nothing good ever came out of Texas." Bell wanted his listeners to know "we were from Texas and we were good."

Many believe Bell was wounded in action in Vietnam while the band was still at the height of its fame, but he actually injured his leg in a truck accident while stationed in Germany. The success of the single prompted the band to rush out an album, despite their incapacitated leader. In 1969 the group recorded their first full album with Gamble and Huff, I Can't Stop Dancing, which reached number 28 on the R&B album chart. By that time another of Archie's brothers, Lee Bell (born January 14, 1946 in Houston), had replaced Butler and became the band's choreographer.

Reid Farrell, who was from Houston was a guitarist who traveled and played with the group.

Later career
The band backing Archie Bell & the Drells from 1975 to 1979 was called "The Melting Pot Band", which featured musicians from several states. McNasty McKnight was the band leader playing trombone. Graduates of the High School for the Performing and Visual Arts (HSPVA) in Houston traveled with the group, including Don Pope and Tony Salvaggio on saxophone. Other musicians included Lonnie LaLanne and Calvin Owens (trumpet); Abel Salazar (keyboards), and Mike Hughes (drums). LaLanne and Owens were alumni of B.B. King's band.

In 1975, the band released their "total-disco comeback album," Dance Your Troubles Away. The single "The Soul City Walk" made number 13 in the UK Singles Chart, but reached only number 42 on the US R&B chart. However, the album’s next single, “Let’s Groove”, reached number 7 on the R&B chart and became their biggest hit since 1969.

After moderate chart showings in the late 1970s, the group split in 1980. Archie Bell later released one solo album titled I Never Had It So Good in 1981 on Becket Records; he continued to perform with the Drells for the next twenty years. During the 1990s the lineup also included Steve "Stevie G." Guettler (guitar, vocals), Jeff "JT" Strickler (bass guitar, vocals), Steve Farrell (guitar, vocals), Mike Wilson (keyboards, vocals) and Wes Armstrong (drums, vocals) of the Atlanta-based group The Rockerz. On April 16, 2013, the mayor of Houston Annise Parker honored Archie Bell, Lucious Larkins, and James Wise with a proclamation of Archie Bell and the Drells Day.

Other sources

 * Whitburn, Joel (2011). Record Research Online Database. "Archie Bell" Billboard Chart Discography. Retrieved March 25, 2011.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Archie Bell & the Drells


text:
Second Protectorate Parliament

The Second Protectorate Parliament in England sat for two sessions from 17 September 1656 until 4 February 1658, with Thomas Widdrington as the Speaker of the House of Commons. In its first session, the House of Commons was its only chamber; in the second session an Other House with a power of veto over the decisions of the Commons was added.

Background
There were two sessions the first from 17 September 1656 until 26 June 1657 and a second from 20 January until 4 February 1658. The Second Protectorate Parliament was summoned reluctantly by the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell on the advice of the Major-Generals who were running the country as regions under military governors. The Major-Generals thought that a compliant parliament would be the best way to raise money to pay for the Army occupation, and the Navy both of which were involved in the Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660).

The elections were held under the new written constitution called Instrument of Government. It included returning up to thirty members from Scotland and up to another thirty from Ireland. Royalists and Catholics were prevented from standing or voting under Articles XIV and XV. After the election the Council of State stopped one hundred elected members from taking their seats by declaring that they were not "of known integrity, fearing God" (Article VII). A further fifty withdrew in protest which left about two hundred and fifty to take their seats for the first session.

First session
The first session opened in December 1656. The Protectorate government did not have much pressing legislation to present so the House occupied its time with private members bills. However over the next few months three issues would dominate the session. The first was the Militia Bill, the second was the Naylor case and the third was constitutional reform (the Humble Petition and Advice), which was influenced by the failure of the Militia Bill to pass and the Naylor case was to show that the members of Parliament were less religiously tolerant than was constitutionally allowed in Instrument of Government.

Militia Bill
The House voted down Major-General John Desborough's "Militia Bill" on 29 January 1657 by one hundred and twenty four votes to eighty eight. This bill would have perpetuated the Decimation Tax that funded the mounted militia, which was collected by Cromwell's Major-Generals; the failure of the bill caused the so-called rule of the Major-Generals in the counties to end.

Introduction of the Humble Petition and Advice
With the rejection of the Decimation Tax, it was clear that government through the Major-Generals could not continue. In February 1657 Cromwell was offered the crown and a new constitution called the Humble Petition and Advice.

Naylor case
On Palm Sunday 1656 James Naylor, a Quaker, reenacted the arrival of Christ in Jerusalem by riding a horse into Bristol attended by followers who sang "Holy, holy, holy" and strewed the way with their garments. Although Naylor denied that he was impersonating Jesus, this act outraged many in Parliament in what was seen as an act of blasphemy. There was consensus in the House that Naylor should be punished. However while the House of Commons could pass, and had in recent times passed, acts of attainder against people, it was questioned whether the House could invoke a judicial procedure like that of the now disbanded House of Lords. After much debate and looking at old precedents, the House concluded that it had the right to act in a judicial capacity. So they tried Naylor and passed the following resolution for his blasphemy: "That James Naylor shall be put in the pillory in the city of Westminster for the space of two hours, on Thursday next, and then be whipped by the hangman through the streets from Westminster to the Old Change, and there be put in the pillory again from the hours of eleven to one on the following Saturday. He shall then have his tongue bored through with a red hot iron, and be branded with the letter B, and sent to Bristol, where he shall be paraded through the city on horseback, with his face backward. From Bristol he shall be brought back to London and sent to the Tower, there to be kept to hard labour by order of Parliament, and be debarred the use of pen, ink, and paper, and have no relief but what he can earn by his daily labour."

Acceptance of the Humble Petition and Advice
After some thought Cromwell declined the crown as embodied in the Humble Petition. The Naylor case had showed that the members of Parliament were less religiously tolerant than the constitution allowed, and the assumption of judicial powers by the House, worried many in the House, the Grandees in the Army, and Cromwell. So encouraged, Cromwell with the support of the Grandees, pressed the house for a second chamber.

After modifications had been made to the Humble Petition, Cromwell agreed to the new constitution and in June 1657 he was reinstated as Lord Protector under the articles of the Humble Petition and Advice. Parliament then went into recess for the summer.

Second session
The Army Grandees agreed to allow the MPs who had been excluded under Article VII of the Instrument of Government to be allowed to take their seats. But to make sure that the House would be compliant to their wishes, Cromwell nominated 63 members to "Other House" permitted by the Humble Petition and Advice, 42 accepted and 37 came to the first meeting.

This triggered a wave of republican protest in the House of Commons which spread to the rank and file of the Army. Amidst fears of a Levellers revival and Royalist plots, under the prerogative granted to the Lord Protector by the Humble Petition and Advice, Oliver Cromwell dissolved Parliament on 4 February 1658.

Succession
The Second Protectorate Parliament was preceded by the First Protectorate Parliament and succeeded by the Third Protectorate Parliament.

title: Second Protectorate Parliament


text:
User talk:Jgjackson

Welcome to the Wikipedia
I noticed you were new, and wanted to share some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library

For more information click  here . You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Sam Spade 18:07, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jgjackson


text: Talk:Mexican literature

title: Talk:Mexican literature


text:
Talk:London South Bank University

Stuff that needs to be added to the table
Have added the LSBU logo to the page. If you find (or know) any of the information set out in the university template, please add the info to this page or the table itself.--Dab182 15:27, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

University ratings
(I'm posting this to all articles on UK universities as so far discussion hasn't really taken off on WikiProject Universities.)

There needs to be a broader convention about which university rankings to include in articles. Currently it seems most pages are listing primarily those that show the institution at its best (or worst in a few cases). See Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Universities. Timrollpickering 23:53, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

Category for students and alumni on Wikipedia
Category:Wikipedians by alma mater: London South Bank University has been created for all current LSBU students and alumni editing Wikipedia. MRSC • Talk 11:46, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

Distance
I've removed the lie that it is 5 minutes away from the South Bank. This article is full of spin which needs dealing with. Secretlondon (talk) 21:45, 17 January 2010 (UTC)

Reputation and ranking of LSBU
LSBU is notable for consistently placing near the bottom of university league tables, whether they are constructed on the basis of teaching, graduate employment or other bases. I inserted a paragraph referencing this, and it was deleted on grounds of "bias". Not clear to me why this is the case, but would welcome others' comments.LeContexte (talk) 22:33, 17 July 2010 (UTC)

The problem is that your edit is solely intended to deteriorate　the reputation of the university. You just brought some rankings to make the university look bad. Wikipedia is not a place to deteriorate something. And your refs are not properly done. Please learn how to ref correctly.Wikipedian05 (talk) 00:22, 18 July 2010 (UTC)

You seem to be assuming my bad faith. If you think these are an unrepresentative selection of rankings and there are others which present a different impression, then please add them. If, on the other hand, you think it is inappropriate to note LSBU's consistently terrible rankings then you need to explain why, because this isn't at all clear to me. They meet all the usual requirements for relevance and reliability of sources. Very happy to accept help from people who are better than me at wiki. 08:27, 18 July 2010 (UTC)

Have added the available Institution rankings, and in the format found on the majority of the other UK University pages, this should hopefully resolve your biased / selective statistics argument. 83.104.51.74 (talk) 17:06, 12 September 2010 (UTC)

Basketball team
The following text was deleted from Diego Prado Jaramillo and placed here if someone determines it is notable to include in this article:

In 2008 the LSBU team were invited to Kingston Jamaica to attend the Utech Inaugural Basketball Classic tournament accompanied by their coach, Steve Alexander. The four team tournament, which also included GC Foster, University of the West Indies (UWI) and hosts University of Technolody (Utech) went on for battle on the 27–30 November. LSBU went into the tournament with an impressive record, having won the United Kingdom university championship and representing the country at the European Basketball Championships.

http://www.jamaica-gleaner.com/gleaner/20081125/sports/sports5.html

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 2 one external links on London South Bank University. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070515172721/http://www.hesa.ac.uk:80/holisdocs/pubinfo/student/institution0506.htm to http://www.hesa.ac.uk/holisdocs/pubinfo/student/institution0506.htm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20100818131147/http://extras.timesonline.co.uk:80/stug/universityguide.php to http://extras.timesonline.co.uk/stug/universityguide.php

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 19:27, 18 October 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on London South Bank University. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110807120203/https://alumni.lsbu.ac.uk/downloads/connected/connectedIssue6.pdf to https://alumni.lsbu.ac.uk/downloads/connected/connectedIssue6.pdf

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 13:16, 25 May 2017 (UTC)

Updates and corrections
In ranking and reputations text, the Guardian rankings are out of date. LSBU is now ranked 92 of 121. Can someone please update this? Some other links of interest: https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/law/russell-group-elite-tumble-in-top-law-school-rankings/5061137.article http://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/south-bank-uni-scraps-big-plans http://feweek.co.uk/2017/06/06/desperate-college-seeks-university-take-over-before-merger-consultation-even-begins/ Current VC is also chair of Million Plus group, which LSBU is part of: http://www.millionplus.ac.uk/who-we-are/governance Logos are also out of date. Due to COI hoping someone else can take the facts from these and update accordingly. LSBUStephMasters (talk) 13:44, 19 June 2017 (UTC)

 * Done rankings. Not sure "University not to redevelop site" really merits inclusion. Note about Lambeth College. No independent cite for "Million Plus group", so who cares? COI or no I imagine you can fix the logo yourself; be careful with the fair use rationale. Pinkbeast (talk) 15:57, 19 June 2017 (UTC)

Many thanks LSBUStephMasters (talk) 13:43, 21 June 2017 (UTC)

TEF rankings
Will TEF rankings be used on university Wiki pages? If so, LSBU has been given a silver rating: https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/teaching-excellence-framework-tef-results-2017 LSBUStephMasters (talk) 15:06, 23 June 2017 (UTC)

 * You seem to have inadvertently forgotten to mention that everyone gets gold, silver, or bronze. The casual reader might assume a silver rating means "almost the best" when what it means is "somewhere in the middle", and if it were inserted it would have to be carefully worded.

 * Please bear in mind also that if you look over every set of university rankings in every subject and carefully select the ones where LBSU looks good, we'll notice. Pinkbeast (talk) 18:03, 23 June 2017 (UTC)

"In the first government-backed Teaching Excellence Framework assessment in 2017, which ranked the quality of teaching across UK universities and applied either a bronze, silver or gold ranking, the University was awarded a silver ranking." Just a suggestion to include at your discretion, reword as you see fit, but I think it's a relevant metric. LSBUStephMasters (talk) 14:31, 30 June 2017 (UTC)

Economist ranking
Hello, New rankings by The Economist have been released this week. Is it possible for the below, or something similar, to be included in Rankings and Reputation? LSBU was ranked 32nd out of 125 UK universities for “value added” by The Economist magazine, which used published data to analyse the “value added” by individual universities to their students, based on actual and expected earnings. LSBUStephMasters (talk) 16:02, 16 August 2017 (UTC)
 * I'm not doing this. If another disinterested editor wants to, fine, but I think they should beware of the way that this COI account is cherry-picking rankings where LBSU looks good in spite of its overall dismal performance. Pinkbeast (talk) 15:12, 19 August 2017 (UTC)
 * I saw this page after LSBUStephMasters posted to the Teahouse asking for assistance. Can you explain what you are referring to as the user's cherry-picking?  There are already sources in the article which state less favorable rankings and on its face to me it doesn't seem unreasonable that they would simply want another point of view on the page.  They aren't asking for the others to be removed AFAIK. 331dot (talk) 10:40, 21 August 2017 (UTC)
 * They will only ever present good rankings since they're a PR flack for the university. Are these occasional high points in a sea of bad rankings? Seems plausible given the university's overall abysmal performance. If so, putting a series of the good rankings that can be found into the article until they swamp the bad overall ranking isn't presenting "another point of view"; it's presenting a misleading impression of reality. The "cherry-picking" is the search for good rankings in that hypothetical sea.
 * Hence I think we should exercise caution. If a disinterested editor feels the article needs more rankings - I don't - I recommend they go and chase some down themselves and try and present a set that represents how the university is typically ranked. Pinkbeast (talk) 18:56, 21 August 2017 (UTC)
 * "overall abysmal performance" is not a neutral judgement - perhaps the rankings can speak for themselves. As 331dot says, I have not asked for any other rankings to be removed, or used in my suggestion any language to inflate the worth of this ranking or the university's result. The Economist is a well-read and regarded publication, and a 'value-added' league table is not repeated elsewhere and has different criteria to the rankings already listed. LSBUStephMasters (talk) 16:01, 22 August 2017 (UTC)
 * The rankings do speak for themselves - somewhere between 92nd and 120th out of circa 120. That is abysmal performance; if the Sunday Times is correct, the university is one of the very worst in Britain; if the Guardian is correct, it is merely exceptionally bad.
 * I'm not sure why you're bothering to point out you haven't done things I haven't said you've done, save as a sort of smokescreen. What you are doing is carefully selecting the few areas where the university is ranked highly and trying to use that to mask its overall abysmal performance. Pinkbeast (talk) 17:10, 22 August 2017 (UTC)

Sunday Times
Hello editors,

Just leaving a link here regarding the 2018 Sunday Times Good University Guide results released just over a week ago.

The university was ranked 106 overall, and named University of the Year for Graduate Employment.

Two links here: https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/good-university-guide-2018-in-full-tp6dzs7wn

http://www.cityam.com/272527/london-university-has-been-named-best-graduate-employment

Please include at your discretion.

LSBUStephMasters (talk) 17:56, 2 October 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on London South Bank University. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110807120026/https://alumni.lsbu.ac.uk/association/history.aspx to https://alumni.lsbu.ac.uk/association/history.aspx

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 11:00, 29 November 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on London South Bank University. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110902061822/http://www.schiller.edu/campuses/london-england to http://www.schiller.edu/campuses/london-england

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 15:56, 5 January 2018 (UTC)

London South Bank University Students' Union listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect London South Bank University Students&. Please participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. signed,Rosguill talk 19:56, 14 June 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:London South Bank University


text:
Talk:Paul Moss

Biography Justice
interesting how this article is finally getting the same surgery as the others, finally, after such a very long time. Thats good, these things should be allowed to mutate over time. 121.73.248.167 (talk) 07:27, 12 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Is there any rational reason for NOT having a photograph of this very well known person?

58.111.138.44 (talk) 03:21, 23 December 2009 (UTC)

Date of birth is needed.--2A00:1FA0:44A6:AA04:0:32:16ED:C101 (talk) 11:48, 15 April 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Paul Moss


text:
Sleepy John Estes

John Adam Estes (January 25, 1899 or 1900 – June 5, 1977), known as Sleepy John Estes, was an American blues guitarist, songwriter and vocalist. His music influenced such artists as the Beatles, Bob Dylan and Led Zeppelin.

Life and career
Estes was born in Ripley, Tennessee, either in 1899 (the date on his gravestone) or 1900 (the date on his World War I draft card). In 1915, his father, a sharecropper who played guitar, moved the family to Brownsville, Tennessee. Not long after, Estes lost the sight in his right eye when a friend threw a rock at him. At the age of 19, while working as a field hand, he began to perform professionally, mostly at parties and picnics, with the accompaniment of Hammie Nixon, a harmonica player, and James "Yank" Rachell, a guitarist and mandolin player. Estes continued to work on and off with both musicians for more than fifty years. He also performed in medicine shows with Willie Newbern.

At the suggestion of Jim Jackson, Estes made his debut as a recording artist in Memphis, Tennessee, in 1929, at a session organized by Ralph Peer for Victor Records. He recorded the tracks "Drop Down Mama" and "Someday Baby Blues" with Nixon in 1935. He later worked with Son Bonds and Charlie Pickett. He went on to record for Decca Records and Bluebird Records, with his last prewar recording session taking place in 1941. He made a brief return to recording at Sun Studio in Memphis in 1952, recording "Runnin' Around" and "Rats in My Kitchen", but otherwise was out of the public eye in the 1940s and 1950s.

Estes sang with a distinctive "crying" vocal style. He frequently teamed with more capable musicians, such as Yank Rachell, Hammie Nixon, and the piano player Jab Jones. Estes sounded so much like an old man, even on his early records, that blues revivalists reportedly delayed looking for him because they assumed he would have to be long dead (and because the musician Big Bill Broonzy had written that he was dead). By the time he was tracked down by the blues historians Bob Koester and Samuel Charters in 1962, he was completely blind and living in poverty. Along with his wife, Ann, who took many of the iconic photos of Estes found in blues books and album covers, Sam Charters filmed Estes performing, sitting in front of his shack near Brownsville. Blind and frail, he became the heart and soul of the Charters' movie, "The Blues," that was not released widely until 2020, in a Document Records package titled "Searching for Secret Heroes." He resumed touring with Nixon and recording for Delmark Records. Estes, Nixon and Rachell appeared at the Newport Folk Festival in 1964.

Many of Estes's original songs were based on events in his life or people he knew in his hometown, Brownsville, such as the local lawyer ("Lawyer Clark Blues"), the local auto mechanic ("Vassie Williams' Blues"), or an amorously inclined teenage girl ("Little Laura Blues"). In "Lawyer Clark Blues", about the lawyer and later judge and senator Hugh L. Clarke, whose family lived in Brownsville, Estes sang that Clark let him "off the hook" for an offense. He also dispensed advice on agricultural matters ("Working Man Blues") and chronicled his own attempt to reach a recording studio for a session by hopping a freight train ("Special Agent [Railroad Police Blues]"). His lyrics combined keen observation with an ability to turn an effective phrase.

Some accounts attribute the nickname Sleepy to a blood pressure disorder or narcolepsy. Bob Koester, the founder of Delmark Records, said that Estes simply had a "tendency to withdraw from his surroundings into drowsiness whenever life was too cruel or too boring to warrant full attention". Estes himself explained that the nickname was born of his exhausting life as both musician and farmer. "'Every night I was going somewhere. I'd work all day, play all night and get back home about sunrise.  I'd get the mule and get right on going.  I went to sleep once in the shed.  I used to go to sleep so much when we were playing, they called me Sleepy.  But I never missed a note.'"

Death
Estes had a stroke while preparing for a European tour and died on June 5, 1977, at his home of 17 years in Brownsville, Haywood County, Tennessee. He is buried at Elam Baptist Church Cemetery in Durhamville, Lauderdale County, Tennessee.

His grave marker reads:

"Sleepy John Estes

'..ain't goin' to worry Poor John's mind anymore'

In Memory

John Adam Estes

Jan. 25, 1899

June 5, 1977

Blues Pioneer

Guitarist – Songwriter – Poet"

The epitaph "..ain't goin' to worry Poor John's mind anymore" is derived from his song "Someday Baby Blues." "I Ain't Gonna Be Worried No More" was recorded in 1935, and in his song "Drop Down Mama", also recorded in 1935, Estes referred to himself as "Poor John". His grave is located off a country road and at the far end of the cemetery, adjacent to a small grove of trees, secluded but not hidden.

In 1991, Estes was posthumously inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame.

Legacy
Led Zeppelin's lead singer, Robert Plant, named Estes as one of his earliest influences. Bob Dylan mentioned Estes in the sleeve notes for his album Bringing It All Back Home (1965). In an interview in 1970 published in Lennon Remembers, John Lennon recalled of the Beatles' early days that "We were all listening to Sleepy John Estes and all that in art school, like everybody else."

Estes's former two-room home is on display in Brownsville, Tennessee, USA alongside Tina Turner's Flagg Grove School and museum.

Albums

 * The Legend of Sleepy John Estes (Delmark, 1963)
 * Broke and Hungry (Ragged and Dirty, Too) (Delmark, 1964)
 * Electric Sleep (Delmark, 1968)
 * Brownsville Blues (Delmark, 1965)
 * Down South Blues (Delmark)
 * Sleepy John Estes in Europe (Delmark, 1999)

Compilations

 * Sleepy John Estes, 1929–1940 (RBF Records)
 * Complete Recorded Works 1929–1941, vols. 1 and 2 (Document)
 * I Ain't Gonna Be Worried No More 1929–1941 (Yazoo)

title: Sleepy John Estes


text:
Tal Bachman

Talmage Charles Robert "Tal" Bachman (born August 13, 1968) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and guitarist. He is best known for his 1999 hit "She's So High", a pop rock tune from his self-titled 1999 album for which he won a BMI award in 2000. Along with his father, Randy Bachman, he is currently a member of Bachman–Turner Overdrive.

Early life
Bachman was born in Winnipeg, the son of Randy Bachman and the nephew of Robbie Bachman of the classic rock bands The Guess Who and Bachman–Turner Overdrive. As a child, Bachman listened to his father's enormous record collection and taught himself to play guitar. He studied political philosophy at Utah State University but dropped out and moved to Vancouver in 1995 to begin writing songs.

Musical career
After being rejected by many record labels, executives at EMI Music Publishing in New York City heard a demo tape of the ballad "If You Sleep" and offered Bachman a recording contract with Columbia Records. His debut album, Tal Bachman, was co-produced by Bob Rock and including the hit single, "She's So High", which was inspired by the song "If It Makes You Happy" by Sheryl Crow, using the same chords but a different key. The song reached No. 1 on three different radio formats in Canada and reached number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 in August 1999. It won BMI's "Song of the Year" award. The album earned Bachman two Juno awards in Canada. Bachman then toured as an opening act for Bryan Adams and the Barenaked Ladies, and also toured on his own. Bachman's second album, Staring Down the Sun, was released in Canada on Sextant Records in August 2004 and was released in the United States by Artemis Records in 2006. The single "Aeroplane" reached number 20 on the Canadian charts and was used in the 2005 film, American Pie Presents: Band Camp. It was played as an instrumental and during the credits.

In 2005, Bachman was invited to be a musical ambassador for Canada in South Africa and Zimbabwe, receiving a C$16,500 grant to visit AIDS hospices and orphanages and community centres.

In 2023, Bachman joined Bachman-Turner Overdrive.

Influences
Bachman cites the Beatles, Cheap Trick, and Electric Light Orchestra as influences.

Personal life
Bachman is married to Koko, who is Japanese. He currently lives on Vancouver Island.

Bachman is a former member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), and went on a two-year Mormon mission to Argentina. In the early 2000s, he began doubting his faith. After two years of research, Bachman concluded that the church's founder Joseph Smith had invented his stories, and Bachman severed his ties to the church. In 2006, Bachman was interviewed for The Mormons, a PBS documentary in which he discussed his departure from the LDS Church. In 2008, Bachman also discussed his departure from the LDS Church when interviewed for the Bill Maher documentary Religulous. Bachman has written political articles in American Greatness and SteynOnline. Several of his articles discuss religion and rugby.

Bachman plays right-wing and outside-centre for the Victoria, British Columbia rugby union club Castaway Wanderers RFC.

Awards
Third Annual Canadian Radio Music Awards (2000)
 * Best New Solo Artist – Rock
 * Best New Solo Artist – Pop Adult
 * Best New Solo Artist – Contemporary Hit Radio

29th Annual Juno Awards (2000)
 * Best New Solo Artist (won)
 * Best Producer (with Bob Rock) for "She's So High" and "If You Sleep" (won)
 * Best Pop/Adult Album (nominated)
 * Best Songwriter (nominated)

title: Tal Bachman


text:
User:John Fader/sandbox2

Hello

title: User:John Fader/sandbox2


text:
Grocka

Grocka (Гроцка, ) or Grocka na Dunavu (Гроцка на Дунаву, lit. 'Grocka on Danube') is a municipality of the city of Belgrade. According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has 82,810 inhabitants.

Location and geography
The municipality is located east of Belgrade, in the northern part of Šumadija region, with the northern section being part of the Podunavlje macro-region in the valley of the Danube, while the southern section is located around the valley of the Ralja River, which is a tributary to the Velika Morava's arm of Jezava. With an altitude of 71 meters above sea level, the town of Grocka is one of the lowest parts of Belgrade. Other rivers in the municipality are Bolečica and Gročica. Being polluted, by 2019 the environmentalists described both rivers as "less of a watercourses, more of a sewage watersheds".

History
The municipality of Grocka became part of the wider Belgrade City area in 1955. In 1957 with the dissolution of the Mali Mokri Lug municipality, the eastern section (the villages of Kaluđerica, Leštane and Vinča) were attached to Grocka. In the early 1960s, the municipalities of Umčari and Vrčin were disbanded and incorporated into the municipality of Grocka as well.

Settlements
The municipality of Grocka covers an area of 289 km2 and includes 15 settlements, all of which are statistically classified as rural, except for the municipal seat of Grocka, which is urban. The small town of Grocka is located on the right bank of the Danube, where the small river Gročica empties into the Danube, 30 km east of Belgrade. Despite being the seat of the municipality, in terms of population, it is only the fourth largest settlement in the municipality, after Kaluđerica, Vrčin and Leštane.

Neighborhoods of Vrčin:

Demographics
According to the 2022 census results, the municipality has a population of 82,810 inhabitants. Due to immigration and the natural increase of all of the city's municipalities, Grocka has been for decades one of the fastest growing areas of Belgrade. The population boomed in the last 50 years, increasing the number of inhabitants (1971–2022 by 2.35 times). As in other similar areas surrounding Belgrade, the rapid population growth has not been followed by the equal development of infrastructure (roads, waterworks, sewage system, and waste disposal).

Ethnic groups
The ethnic composition of the municipality:

Economy
In both demographic and economic terms, the municipality is sharply divided into two opposing parts. The western part extends into one urban area with Belgrade, experiencing a boost of both population and economy, as hundreds of small companies are located there (Kaluđerica, Boleč, Leštane, Vinča, Ritopek are some), while the eastern part is agricultural, in particular a fruit growing area, and, apart from the town of Grocka itself, experiencing a net decline in population.

The microclimate is perfect for fruit growing and grapevines. The area east of Boleč is one of the best known fruit growing areas in Serbia. Fruit growing developed in the late 19th century and Grocka, Boleč, Ritopek, Zaklopača, Begaljica and Brestovik became known as the "Serbian California" or "Little California", producing apples, peaches, apricots, plums, and grapes. Ritopek became a major producer of cherries. Production reduced since the 2000s but the capacity of the orchards is 65,000 tons of fruit per year. In 2017 orchards spread over the area of 70 km2, or almost a quarter of the municipal total area, reaching 74.93 km2 by 2020.

Grocka is also known as the "Serbian cherry capital" as the cherry survived as the major crop. Cultivation was introduced by Jovan J. Jovanović, gynecologist of queen Draga and pioneer of reproductive health in Serbia. Jovanović noticed vast orchards and organized fruit production during his studying in Austria-Hungary. Austrian experts surveyed the land, which Jovanović wanted to be close to Belgrade, as the largest market in the state. Taking in account soil structure and climate, they suggested slopes above the Danube in Grocka. He purchased the land in 1906 from the Grocka municipality which was in debts due to the renovation of the Holy Trinity church. The municipality decided to sell numerous parcels, remnants of the former Turkish estates. Jovanović outbid one of the wealthiest Grocka families, the Bećagović. The lots were located in the localities of Rupe and Kozjak, at the entrance into Grocka. From 1906 to 1908 he planted 7,000 trees on 80 ha, forming the largest ever cherry plantation in the Balkans.

Prior to that, cherry was cultivated only in some individual yards in the Grocka area, and this was beginning of the plantation-type fruit production in Serbia in general. Jovanović introduced varieties like hedelfingen, germersdorf and early Lyonnaise, but the names were hard to pronounce for the local farmers so they gave them Serbian names which survived, herc (heart shaped), kerminka (red juice) and doktorka (doctor's cherry), after Jovanović, respectively. Local farmers accepted cherry cautiously at first, planting the trees on the arable lots edges, to make shade. Then they planted it jointly with the grapevine but by the 1920s the cherry began to squeeze out other crops and the formation of the cherry nurseries began. From Grocka, cultivation spread to the nearby Ritopek which is today the major production center. After World War II, the new Communist authorities nationalized Jovanović's land, divided it and awarded the lots to the landless. However, few years later the state nationalized the land again, with one part being re-parceled and sold, while the "PIK Grocka", agricultural farm was formed on the other. By the 1950s, the production in Grocka outgrew demand of Belgrade farmers markets and the export began. On the sold parcels, the weekend-settlement developed. Still, the fruit-growing remains the vastly predominant agricultural branch. Out of all registered agricultural farms and economies, 90%, or some 3,000, are producing fruits.

Unlike cherry, which is fairly recent in the region, the grapevine has been cultivated since the Roman period. The hilly slopes above the Danube, with excellent climate for the grapes, extend from Grocka to Smederevo. In the early modern and modern period, if a landowner or a farmer wanted to be considered successful and distinguished, he had to own his own vineyard. The cluster of white grapes is represented on Grocka's coat of arms. Belgrade and Vienna are the only two European capitals which have grapevines and vineyards with geographical indication on their territories. Those vineyards are organic - the grapevines are treated minimally (with bluestone, without pesticides, herbicides, fungicides or artificial fertilizers), the land is not being plowed or disc harrowed, instead only the organic compost is being poured between the vines. Around and inside the vineyards various medicinal herbs and even weeds, are planted. The certified organic wine is made from the grapes cultivated at the Plavinci locality.

Of the other agricultural products, wheat is the most important. The experimental farm of Radmilovac is located near Vinča, as a section of the University of Belgrade Faculty of Agriculture. Radmilovac is being expanded as an experimental ground for future agricultural production.

As a result of this, industrial processing of the fruit is developed in Grocka, Vinča and Boleč, where the large plantations and refrigeration plants of the agricultural company PKB Beograd are located. Also, several mills are located in Grocka and Vinča.

The textile industry is also important (Grocka, Dunav factory, aka:Partizanka), while hundreds of small family-owned factories and workshops are located in the settlements in the western part of the municipality.

Some major traffic routes, like the "Smederevski put" ("Smederevo road") and both the Belgrade-Niš railway and highway, pass through the municipal territory. Also, there are several docks on the Danube (Vinča, Grocka) with the prospect of a future marina to be built in Grocka in the next few years.

Other important facilities in the municipality are the Geomagnetic observatory in Brestovik, the Nuclear Institute (with a defunct nuclear reactor) and the Belgrade City landfill in Vinča.

Tourism is the most developed part of the municipal economy. Almost every village has its own summer festival (like "Zlatni kotlić" ("Golden Cauldron") in Grocka or Dani trešnje (Days of the cherry) in Ritopek. The women's monastery of Rajinovac in Begaljica, the possible marina and aqua park in Grocka and the archeological find of Vinča culture are potential opportunities to boost the tourist economy.

The game hunting grounds of Gavranski Potok ("Raven's Creek") are in the municipality.

One of the main characteristics of Grocka are weekend-settlements, mostly built by the inhabitants of Belgrade. Booming in the 1970s and 1980s, the building of weekend-houses largely stopped in the 1990s. In the 1980s, having a weekend-house in Grocka was a matter of prestige. It is estimated that there are 4,000 such houses in the municipality in several settlements. The largest settlements are Rujište on the slope above the Danube in Grocka itself with 200 houses and Ritopek with 300. The weekend-settlement of Čair, at the entrance into Grocka, is developing into a regular neighborhood.

The following table gives a preview of the total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2018):

Politics
Since the elections in 2000, Grocka became the most politically turbulent of all Belgrade municipalities. Recent Presidents of the Municipality:
 * 1992 - 1995 - Bogoljub Stevanić (1943)
 * 1995 - November 24, 2000 - Milan Janković (1954)
 * November 24, 2000 - June 28, 2002 - Vesna R. Ivić (1962)
 * June 28, 2002 - December 8, 2002 - Milan Tanasković
 * December 8, 2002 - April 15, 2003 - Sava Starčević (1955)
 * April 15, 2003 - December 15, 2004 - Vladan Zarić (1972)
 * December 15, 2004 - June 23, 2005 - Blažo Stojanović
 * June 23, 2005 - November 4, 2005 - Dragoljub Simonović (1959)
 * November 4, 2005 - June 12, 2008 - Blažo Stojanović (second term)
 * June 12, 2008 - June 22, 2010 - Zoran Jovanović
 * June 22, 2010 - June 15, 2012 - Milan Janković (second term)
 * June 15, 2012 - December 28, 2012 - Dragoljub Simonović (second term)
 * December 28, 2012 - May 27, 2014 - Zoran Markov
 * May 27, 2014 - June 3, 2016 - Stefan Dilberović
 * June 3, 2016 - March 20, 2019 - Dragoljub Simonović (third term)
 * March 20, 2019 - September 3, 2020 - Živadinka Avramović
 * September 3, 2020 - present - Dragan Pantelić

As a result of the economic and demographic discrepancy between the western and eastern parts of the municipality, there is a movement for splitting the municipality in two, or perhaps three parts. Primarily, it is about the division in two, with western half becoming new municipality of Vinča, while eastern remaining the municipality of Grocka. Also, there is a possibility of Vrčin splitting from Grocka and forming new municipality of Avalski Venac with other sub-Avalan settlements in the municipality of Voždovac (Beli Potok, Zuce, Pinosava).

Economy
Grocka is at the center of one of the best known fruit growing areas in Serbia. Conditions are especially favorable for growing peaches, apricots, plums, cherries and grapes. Industrial processing of the fruit has been developed. There are also several mills and a textile industry (Kluz factory).

Traffic is also important as Grocka is located on the road of Smederevski put. It also has a small harbor on the Danube, at the Gročica's mouth (which regularly floods Grocka).

Tourism is important for the town's economy, with several festivals during the year (most notably, the Zlatni kotlić). Large weekend-settlement called Rujište is built on the eastern extension of the town.

One of the landmarks of Grocka for decades was the restaurant "Vinogradi" (vineyards). It was built on the hill of Agino Brdo, among the orchards and vineyards, 500 m from downtown Grocka and 25 km from Belgrade. It was known for the great cuisine and a magnificent panoramic view on Pančevo, Smederevo, Avala, but also on the distant Vršac Mountains and the Carpathians in Romania. Construction began in 1960. It used to be visited by President of Yugoslavia Josip Broz Tito, who often came via Danube in his yacht Šumadinka. In his 17 visitations, Tito also brought guests to the restaurant, like Sophia Loren, Elizabeth Taylor, Henry Kissinger, Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, Sukarno and Neil Armstrong. The luxurious venue served as the location of many movies, but from the 1990s it started to decline and by the early 21st century was completely abandoned and covered in overgrowth. In that period it was discovered that the restaurant had power generators, an independent water system with a well and pools of drinking water and a soundproof room, apparently used for listening and taping of the guests. In the 2010s, a local investor purchased the edifice, demolished the ruined remains and built a new building in the traditional style. It is expected that the restaurant will be reopened in 2018.

Culture and history
There are over 80 archaeological sites on the territory of Grocka, which point to the long and continuous habitation of the area. The 1974 digging at the location of the Rančić Family House produced artifacts and fragments from the Neolithic Starčevo and Vinča cultures (including fragments of the figurines), non-enamel ceramics from the 15th century, Turkish ceramics from the 16th-18th century and various objects from the 19th-20th century.

The area on which Grocka is located was once part of limes, a border defense system of Ancient Rome. The remains of several watch-towers and small forts were found in nearby villages along the banks of the Danube River. The municipality of Grocka is the richest in archaeological localities of all the Belgrade municipalities, but they are also among the least explored. Only in the village of Brestovik there are three localities: "Podunavlje-Hladna Voda-Vrtlog-Mikulje" Localities Complex (under preliminary protection), "Beli Breg" and "Goli Breg." Artifacts from Goli Breg are being kept in the National Museum in Belgrade and Museum of the city of Belgrade. Roman tomb in Brestovik, an ancient tomb, dating from c. 300, was discovered in 1895. Though evidence points to the tomb of a wealthy local, popular belief is that the "martyrs of Singidunum", Hermylus and Stratonicus, were buried inside. As one of the most important monuments from the Late Roman period in Belgrade and Serbia, the tomb has been protected since 1948. There are also Stones of Brestovik, which were transported into the yard of the Rančić Family house in Grocka in 2017. Preliminary examination showed that the stones are indeed archaeological artifacts. Based on their size, details, and robust frame, it is believed that they were part of some monumental construction from the Roman Antiquity period. Reliefs, or the "stone plastics", are still visible and they form a singular pattern on all three stones. That points to the conclusion that they are either segments of a sacral architecture, but more likely of a large public building, most certainly built before the 4th century, from the period of the golden age of the nearby Singidunum, modern Belgrade.

Roman forts, built to protect the Via Militaris road in the vicinity include Tricornium, in modern Ritopek, and Mutatio ad Sextum Militare, in Grocka itself.

The town was mentioned for the first time in 878, under the Slavic name Gardec, in the list of settlements by the local Bulgarian bishop. The present settlement was established in 1550 and given the title of varošica ("small town").

The town has a historical main street (čaršija) with shops, green market and a small administrative center, which has been turned into a pedestrian zone. Under the name Grocka's Čaršija, the area surrounding the street was placed under the state protection as the spatial cultural-historical unit.

An annual festival "Gročanske svečanosti" (Grocka festivities) has been held since the 1960s. Fruit producers and artists meet in čaršija, while musical performances, sports tournaments, theatrical shows, and a fish soup cooking contest are held. The 50th "Gročanske svečanosti" were held in July–August 2017 and to mark the occasion, a sculpture of "Gročanka" (Girl from Grocka), which symbolizes the fruit production, was dedicated.

Tourist attractions include several old edifices from the 18th and 19th century: House of Apostolović, House of Nišli, Savić Mehana, Rančić Family House and House of Karapešić.

Notable people

 * Milan Nedić, born in Grocka. A general, but mostly known as a Prime Minister of the Nazi-backed Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia during World War II.
 * Vesna Pešić, born in Grocka. Is a retired university professor and a politician, one of the longest serving leaders of opposition movement in Serbia.
 * Bojan Mamić, lived in Grocka. He is a Serbian footballer.
 * Ivan Paunić, lived in Grocka. He is a Serbian basketball player.
 * Vasa Čarapić, was the duke of Grocka. He was one of notable figures of the First Serbian Uprising.
 * Ilija Čarapić, was the duke of Grocka, aged 18. He was the first Mayor of Belgrade.
 * Ilija Garašanin Spent last years of his life and died on his estate in Grocka. He was Serbian statesmen and a politician.
 * Milutin Garašanin, Serbian politician; he spent a number of years on the family estate.

Twin towns – Sister cities
Grocka is twinned with:
 * Agia Paraskevi, Greece
 * 🇷🇺 Koltsovo, Russia

title: Grocka


text:
Talk:Paul Peek

VfD
On April 13, 2005, this article was nominated for deletion. The result was keep. See Votes for deletion/Paul Peek for a record of the discussion. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 18:14, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Paul Peek


text: Talk:Psychobilly Freakout

title: Talk:Psychobilly Freakout


text:
List of places in Cumbria

This is a list of cities, towns and villages in the county of Cumbria, England.

A

 * Abbeytown, Ackenthwaite, Adgarley, Aglionby
 * Aiketgate, Aikhead, Aikshaw, Aikton, Ainstable, Aisgill
 * Albyfield, Aldingham, Aldoth, Allenwood
 * Allhallows, Allithwaite, Allonby
 * Alston, Alston Moor
 * Ambleside
 * Angerton, Cumberland, Angerton, South Lakeland, Annaside, Anthorn
 * Appleby-in-Westmorland, Applethwaite
 * Arkleby, Arlecdon, Armaside, Armathwaite
 * Arnaby, Arnside, Arrad Foot, Arthuret, Asby
 * Ashgill, Askam-in-Furness, Askham, Askerton
 * Aspatria, Aughertree, Ayside

B

 * Backbarrow, Baggrow, Baldwinholme, Bampton, Bampton Grange
 * Bandrake Head, Banks, Barber Green, Barbon
 * Barclose, Bardsea, Barepot, Barras
 * Barrow Island, Barrow-in-Furness
 * Barrows Green, Barton
 * Bassenthwaite
 * Baycliff, Bayles, Beanthwaite, Beaumont
 * Beck Bottom, Beck Foot, Beck Head, Beck Side
 * Beckces, Beckermet, Beckfoot, Beckside
 * Beetham, Belah, Belle Vue, Berrier, Bewaldeth
 * Bewcastle
 * Biggar, Biglands, Bigrigg
 * Birkby, Birkerthwaite
 * Black Combe, Blackbeck, Blackdyke, Blackford
 * Blackpool Gate, Blackwell
 * Blagill, Blawith, Bleatarn, Blencarn, Blencogo, Blencow, Blennerhasset,
 * Blindbothel, Blindcrake, Blitterlees
 * Bolton, Bolton Low Houses, Bolton New Houses, Bolton Wood Lane, Boltongate,
 * Bomby, Bonning Gate, Boot, Bootle
 * Borrowdale, Borrowdale (Westmorland), Botcherby, Bothel, Boustead Hill
 * Bouth, Bowland Bridge, Bowmanstead, Bowness-on-Solway
 * Bowness-on-Windermere, Bowscale, Bowston, Brackenber, Brackenlands, Brackenthwaite (near Wigton), Brackenthwaite (near Cockermouth), Braithwaite
 * Brampton (Carlisle), Brampton (Eden)
 * Brandlingill, Bransty, Branthwaite
 * Brathay, Braystones, Brayton Park, Bretherdale Head
 * Bridekirk, Bridge Field, Bridgefoot, Briery
 * Brigham, Brigsteer
 * Brisco, Briscoe
 * Broad Oak, Broadwath, Brockleymoor
 * Bromfield, Broom, Brothybeck
 * Brough, Brough Sowerby, Brougham
 * Broughton, Broughton Beck, Broughton Cross
 * Broughton East, Broughton-in-Furness, Broughton Mills
 * Broughton Moor, Broughton West
 * Brownber, Browtop, Brunstock, Brunthwaite
 * Buckabank, Bullgill
 * Burgh by Sands, Burneside, Burnrigg, Burrells, Burtholme
 * Burthwaite, Burton-in-Kendal, Busk
 * Buttermere, Butterwick

C

 * Caldbeck, Calder, Calder Bridge, Calthwaite, Calva (between Workington and Seaton), Calvo
 * Cambeck Bridge, Camerton, Canal Foot
 * Cardew, Cardewlees, Cardurnock, Cargo, Cark
 * Carlatton, Carleton (north), Carleton (south), Carleton (east), Carr Bank
 * Carlisle
 * Cartmel, Cartmel Fell
 * Carwinley, Casterton, Castle Carrock, Castle Sowerby, Castletown
 * Cat Bank, Catlowdy, Catterlen, Causeway End
 * Causewayhead, Cautley, Chalkfoot
 * Chapel, Chapel Stile, Chapels, Chestnut Hill
 * Church Brough, Claife, Clappersgate, Clawthorpe, Cleabarrow
 * Cleator, Cleator Moor
 * Cliburn, Clifton, Clifton Dykes, Cockermouth
 * Cocklakes, Cockley Beck, Colby, Coldbeck
 * Colthouse, Colton, Common End
 * Coniston
 * Corby Hill, Corkickle, Corney, Cotehill, Cotes, Cotehill, Coulderton
 * Coupland, Cowen Head, Cowgill
 * Crackenthorpe, Croasdale, Crofton, Croglin, Crook, Crooklands
 * Crosby, Crosby Garrett, Crosby Ravensworth, Crosby Villa
 * Croslands Park, Cross End, Crosscanonby, Crossgates
 * Crosslands, Crosthwaite
 * Culgaith, Cumdivock, Cummersdale, Cumrew, Cumwhinton, Cumwhitton, Currock

D

 * Dacre, Dale, Dalemain
 * Dalston, Dalton, Dalton-in-Furness
 * Dean, Deanscales, Dearham, Deepthwaite, Dendron, Dent, Denton Holme, Distington, Dockray
 * Dovenby, Dragley Beck, Drigg, Drumburgh, Drumleaning, Drybeck
 * Dubwath, Duddon Bridge, Dufton, Dundraw
 * Dungeon Ghyll, Dunnerdale with Seathwaite, Durdar, Dykesfield

E

 * Eaglesfield, Eamont Bridge
 * East Curthwaite, Edderside, Edenhall
 * Egremont, Egton with Newland, Ellenborough
 * Ellonby, Elterwater, Embleton, Endmoor
 * Ennerdale Bridge
 * Eskdale, Eskdale Green, Eskett, Etterby, Ewanrigg

F

 * Fair Hill, Far Arnside, Far End, Far Sawrey
 * Farlam, Farleton, Faugh, Fawcett Forest, Fell Side, Fenton
 * Field Broughton, Fingland, Finsthwaite, Firbank
 * Flakebridge, Fletchertown, Flimby, Flitholme, Flookburgh, Floristonrigg
 * Force Forge, Forest Head, Fornside, Fothergill
 * Foulbridge, Foxfield, Frizington

G

 * Gaisgill, Galligill, Gamblesby, Gamelsby, Garlands
 * Garnett Bridge, Garrigill, Garsdale, Garsdale Head
 * Garth Row, Garths, Gatebeck, Gatefoot, Gatesgarth
 * Gawthrop, Gawthwaite, Geltsdale, Gilcrux, Gilsland
 * Glasson, Glasson, Glassonby, Glassonbybeck
 * Gleaston, Glencoyne, Glenridding, Goadsbarrow
 * Goodyhills, Goose Green, Gosforth
 * Grange Fell, Grange in Borrowdale, Grange-over-Sands
 * Grasmere, Grassgarth, Grayrigg, Grayson Green
 * Great Asby, Great Blencow, Great Broughton, Great Clifton
 * Great Corby, Great Crosthwaite, Great Langdale, Great Musgrave, Great Ormside
 * Great Orton, Great Salkeld, Great Strickland, Great Urswick
 * Green Bank, Green Head
 * Green Quarter, Greengill, Greenhill, Greenholme, Greenodd
 * Greenrow, Greenwell, Greysouthen
 * Greystoke, Greystone, Grinsdale, Grisedale, Grizebeck
 * Grizedale, Grizedale Forest, Gullom Holme

H

 * Hackthorpe, Haile, Hailforth, Hale
 * Halfpenny, Hall Dunnerdale, Hall Santon
 * Hall Waberthwaite, Hallbankgate, Hallbeck, Hallow Bank
 * Hallthwaites, Haltcliff Bridge
 * Hampsfield, Hardendale, Haresceugh
 * Harker, Harker Marsh, Harraby
 * Harrington, Harriston, Hartley, Hartsop, Hassness
 * Haverigg, Haverthwaite, Hawcoat, Hawksdale
 * Hawkshead, Hawkshead Hill, Haws Bank, Hayton, Hayton, Hayton and Mealo
 * Hazelrigg, Hazelslack, Heads Nook, Heaning
 * Heathwaite, Heggle Lane, Helbeck, Helvellyn, Helsington, Helton, Hensingham
 * Hesket, Hesket Newmarket, Hethersgill, Hetherside Heversham
 * High Bankhill, High Bewaldeth, High Biggins, High Casterton
 * High Crosby, High Cunsey, High Green, High Harrington, High Hesket
 * High Hill, High Ireby, High Knipe, High Longthwaite
 * High Lorton, High Newton, High Oaks, High Rigg
 * High Row, High Scales, High Side, High Wray, Highbridge, Highlaws
 * Highmoor, Hill Top, Hilton
 * Hincaster, Hodbarrow, Hoff, Holborn Hill, Hollins
 * Holker, Holme, Holme Abbey, Holme East Waver, Holme Low
 * Holme St Cuthbert, Holmrook, Holmwrangle, Honister Pass
 * Hopebeck, Hornsby, Houghton
 * How, Howgate, Howgill, Howtown
 * Hubbersty Head, Hugill, Hunsonby, Hurst
 * Hutton, Hutton End, Hutton-in-the-Forest, Hutton John, Hutton Roof (Eden), Hutton Roof (South Lakeland), Hutton Soil, Hycemoor, Hyton

I-J

 * Ings, Ireby, Ireleth, Irthington
 * Isel, Isle of Walney, Ivegill, Johnby, Jericho

K

 * Kaber, Keekle, Keisley, Kelbarrow, Keld
 * Kelleth, Kells, Kelsick, Kelton Head, Kendal
 * Kentmere, Kentrigg, Kents Bank, Kershopefoot
 * Keswick
 * Killington, Kilnhill, Kingmoor, King's Meaburn
 * Kingside Hill, Kingstown, Kingwater, Kinkry Hill
 * Kirkandrews-on-Eden, Kirkbampton, Kirkbride
 * Kirkby-in-Furness, Kirkby Lonsdale, Kirkby Stephen, Kirkby Thore, Kirkcambeck
 * Kirkhouse, Kirkland (in Ennerdale), Kirkland (near Penrith), Kirkland Guards
 * Kirklinton, Kirklinton Middle, Kirkoswald
 * Kirksanton, Knock, Knowefield

L

 * Lady Hall, Laithes, Lakes
 * Lakeside, Lambfoot, Lambrigg, Lamonby, Lamplugh
 * Lane End, Lanercost, Langdale, Langrigg, Langwathby
 * Laversdale, Lazonby, Leadgate, Leasgill, Leece
 * Legburthwaite, Lessonhall, Levens
 * Lindal-in-Furness, Lindale, Linstock
 * Little Asby, Little Bampton, Little Blencow, Little Broughton
 * Little Clifton, Little Corby, Little Crosthwaite, Little Langdale
 * Little Musgrave, Little Ormside, Little Orton, Little Salkeld
 * Little Strickland, Little Town, Little Urswick, Littlebeck
 * Lockhills, Long Marton, Longburgh, Longcroft
 * Longdales, Longlands, Longpark
 * Longsleddale, Longsowerby, Longthwaite, Longtown
 * Low Crosby, Low Harker, Low Hesket, Low Lorton, Low Wood
 * Lowca, Loweswater, Lowick, Lowther, Lupton

M

 * Mallerstang, Mansergh, Mansriggs, Martindale
 * Maryport, Matterdale End, Maughanby, Maulds Meaburn, Mawbray
 * Meal Bank, Mealsgate, Melkinthorpe, Melmerby, Metal Bridge
 * Micklethwaite, Middleton, Midgeholme, Milburn, Millom, Milnthorpe
 * Milton, Mockerkin, Monkhill, Moor Row, Moresby
 * Morland, Morton (north), Morton (south)
 * Mosedale, Mosser, Motherby
 * Muncaster, Mungrisdale, Murton

N

 * Nateby, Natland, Near Sawrey, Nenthall, Nenthead, Nethertown, Nether Wasdale
 * Newbiggin (Croglin), Newbiggin (Stainton), Newbiggin (Temple Sowerby), Newbiggin-on-Lune
 * New Cowper, Newby, Newby Bridge, Newby East, Newby West
 * New Hutton, Newland, Newlands, New Rent, Newton, Newton Arlosh
 * Newton Reigny, Newton Rigg, Newtown (Holme St Cuthbert), Newtown (Irthington), North Dykes, North Scale, Nunclose

O

 * Oddendale, Old Hutton, Old Town, Ormside, Orthwaite, Orton, Osmotherley
 * Oughterside, Oulton, Ousby, Outhgill, Oxen Park, Oxenholme

P

 * Papcastle, Park Broom, Parsonby, Parton, Patterdale
 * Pennington, Penrith, Penruddock, Pelutho
 * Petteril Green, Pica, Piel Island, Plumbland, Plumpton, Pokerbeck,
 * Ponsonby, Pooley Bridge, Port Carlisle, Portinscale, Preston Patrick, Prospect

Q

 * Quality Corner

R

 * Rampside, Ravenglass, Ravenstonedale, Raughton Head, Renwick, Rickerby
 * Roanhead, Rockcliffe, Rockcliffe Cross, Roose, Roosebeck
 * Rosley, Rosside, Rosthwaite (north), Rosthwaite (south), Rottington
 * Roundthwaite, Routenbeck, Rowrah, Ruckcroft, Ruleholme
 * Rusland, Ruthwaite, Rydal

S

 * Sadgill, St Bees, Salkeld Dykes, Salta, Sandale, Sandford, Santon Bridge, Satterthwaite
 * Scaleby, Scalebyhill, Scales (near Ulverston), Scales (near Threlkeld), Scotby
 * Seascale, Seathwaite (in the Duddon Valley), Seathwaite (in Borrowdale)
 * Seatoller, Seaton, Sebergham, Sedbergh, Sedgwick, Seldom Seen, Selside
 * Shap, Shoregill
 * Siddick, Silecroft, Silloth, Silverband
 * Skelton, Skelwith Bridge, Skinburness, Skirwith, Skitby
 * Slack Head
 * Smardale, Smithfield
 * Sockbridge, Soulby (near Dacre) Soulby (near Kirkby Stephen), Southwaite
 * Spark Bridge
 * Stainton (Eden), Stainton (South Lakeland), Stainton with Adgarley
 * Stair, Stanah, Stank, Stapleton, Staveley, Staveley-in-Cartmel
 * Stockdalewath, Stone House, Storrs, Storth, Stub Place, Studholme
 * Sunderland
 * Swallowhurst, Swarthmoor, Swindale, Swinside

T

 * Tallentire, Talkin, Tarraby, Tarns
 * Tebay, Temple Sowerby
 * Thiefside, Thornhill, Thornthwaite (Keswick), Thornthwaite (Wigton), Threapland, Threlkeld, Thursby, Thurstonfield, Thurstonfield Lough, Thwaites
 * Tirril
 * Todhills, Torpenhow, Torver
 * Troutbeck (near Penrith), Troutbeck (near Windermere), Troutbeck Bridge

U

 * Uldale, Ulpha, Ulverston, Underbarrow, Underskiddaw
 * Unthank (near Dalston), Unthank (near Glassonby), Unthank End
 * Upper Denton, Upton, Urswick

V

 * Vickerstown

W

 * Waberthwaite, Walton, Warcop, Warnell, Warwick Bridge, Warwick-on-Eden
 * Wasdale, Wasdale Head, Watchgate, Watendlath, Watermillock, Waverbridge, Waverton
 * Welton, Wet Sleddale, Westnewton, Westward, Wetheral
 * Whale, Whicham, Whitehaven
 * Wiggonby, Wigton, Wilton
 * Winder, Windermere, Winscales, Winster
 * Winton, Witherslack, Wolsty, Woodend, Woodend
 * Woodland, Workington, Wreay, Wythburn, Wythop Mill

Y

 * Yanwath, Yarlside, Yearngill

title: List of places in Cumbria