text:
Talk:Cetartiodactyla

2005-04-09
If this coinage was introduced in Grauer, D. and D. Higgins. 1994. it should be attributed to them. --Wetman 06:36, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

2006-02-14
According to the animal diversity website (university of michigan), the super order of the cetartiodactyla is exist. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.130.148.204 (talk) 21:12, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

More common
There was a recent edit switching things around, stating that the term is most comonly used to unite the two orders at a superordinal level instead of uniting the two into a single order. I have seen almost no incident where the term is used uniting them at a superordinal level, but there was a period where it seemed almost half the issues of Systematic Biology were using the term to refer to the unification into a single order. There were also other odd changes such as instead of calling Cetartiodactyla a clade, the edit called it a "phylogeny". Mostly it seemed to be an edit from an informed user so I thought it would be prudent to explain my reversion. --Aranae 16:33, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

Taxonomic level
Where should this really fit in? I am in discussion with Eli Falk about the validity of this taxon, but its position is perhaps more problematic. It is clearly not a superorder, as that is already filled by Ungulata, and (at present at least) it is not an Order, as those are filled by Artiodactyla and Cetacea...so just what is this taxon??? --GRM 21:47, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

 * We could call it an "order", as suggested above in the "More Common" section above. Or, we could call it a "superorder" and abandon Ungulata, which may be polyphyletic anyway.  Someone has already started doing that in lots of taxoboxes.  Remember though, there are more inclusive nodes such as Laurasiatheria that have to fit in too.

 * If we decide settle the rank, there are other problems. There are two views on the relationship of whales and artiodactyls.  Are Artiodactyla and Cetacea are sister clades, or is Cetacea is nested within Artiodactyla?  The latter seems more likely now, but then there's a case to be made that the overall clade should just be called Artiodactyla, since whales are just derived members of that clade.  "Cetartiodactyla" would then be an unnecessary name.  But if we do use the name Cetartiodactyla, that still leaves the option of either recognizing a paraphyletic subgroup Artiodactyla, in addition to Cetacea, or only recognizing clades within Cetartiodactyla.

 * In my opinion, there are too many nodes in the tree of life to assign a named rank to every one. We could come up with a rank like "sub-superorder", but would that really clarify anything?  Most of the literature doesn't seem to apply a rank to Cetartiodactyla, so it may be best to leave it unranked.
 * Cheers, Cephal-odd 02:46, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

Let's just say that Cetartiodactyla is an unranked order. 84.13.94.105 (talk) 10:47, 13 March 2010 (UTC)

Higher-level of modern cetartiodactyls
Arnason et. al. (2004) officially coined Cetancodonta to include Ancodonta (anthracotheres and hippos) and Cetacea. Their genetic analyses provide greater support for the clade Cetruminantia Waddell et. al., 1999, a clade erected to include not only cetancodonts but also ruminants. Cetartiodactyla includes not only cetruminants but also suines and tylopods. The clade Suina is closer to Cetruminantia than to Tylopoda. For this reason, the Taxobox should be updated.

P. J. Waddell, N. Okada, and M. Hasegawa. 1999. Towards resolving the interordinal relationships of placental mammals. Systematic Biology 48(1):1-5.

U. Arnason, A. Gullberg, and A. Janke. 2004. Mitogenomic analyses provide new insights into cetacean origin and evolution. Gene 333:27-34. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 72.194.116.63 (talk) 01:48, 9 January 2007 (UTC).

 * This is not correct. Cetancodonta was coined in 2000. Arnason U, Gullberg A, Gretarsdottir S, Ursing B, Janke A2000	The mitochondrial genome of the sperm whale and a new molecular reference for estimating eutherian divergence dates	Journal of Molecular Evolution, 50:569-578 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 157.182.165.14 (talk) 16:31, 31 July 2014 (UTC)

Suina
Hello? Hi. I'm just finished making the article (Suina). Can someone edit it and suggest ideas to me on my userpage or on Talk:Suina? Thanks :) 4444hhhh 02:43, 14 November 2007 (UTC)4444hhhh

Doesn't make sense
This section of "A clade apart" doesn't make sense: "However, the most recent theory into the origins of hippopotamidae suggests that hippos and whales shared a common semi-aquatic ancestor that branched off from other Artiodactyls around 60 million years ago.[1][2] This hypothesized ancestral group likely split into two branches around 54 million years ago.[3] One branch would evolve into cetaceans, possibly beginning with the proto-whale Pakicetus from 52 million years ago with other early whale ancestors collectively known as Archaeoceti, which eventually underwent aquatic adaptation into the completely aquatic cetaceans.[4] Thus, Cetartiodactyla is supported as a monophyletic group." First of all, Pakicetus seem to fall under Archaeoceti, and thus are not a separate branch. Secondly, this discusses two (alleged) cetacean branches, but no hippo branches, and thus does not support the "however" that begins the section or the conclusion in the last sentence. Rlendog (talk) 23:07, 5 February 2009 (UTC)
 * No, you misunderstand. The "other branch" is the hippo branch. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 11:07, 6 September 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Cetartiodactyla


text: User talk:195.226.143.220

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:195.226.143.220


text:
Jimmy Fraser

Jimmy Fraser (born 28 April 1948) is an Australian retired football (soccer) player. Fraser played eight matches for Australia.

Playing career
Jimmy played for 1st Dulwich Hill Scouts in the 1960s.

Club career
Fraser played for St. George Budapest in the New South Wales first division between 1970 and 1974.

International career
Fraser played his eight matches for Australia in the qualification matches for the 1974 FIFA World Cup.

title: Jimmy Fraser


text:
Tali

Tali may refer to:

Places

 * Alternate spelling of Dali, city in China
 * Tali, Estonia, village in Saarde Parish, Pärnu County, Estonia
 * Tali, Helsinki, Finland
 * Tali, township, part of Kozhikode, Kerala, India
 * Tali, Arunachal Pradesh, place in Arunachal Pradesh State of India
 * Tali, Mazandaran or Taleh, village in Mazandaran Province, Iran
 * Tali, West Azerbaijan or Tuli, village in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
 * Tali, Finnish name for Paltsevo, Leningrad Oblast, Russia. Location of Battle of Tali-Ihantala
 * Taleex, also known as Tali or Taleh, small town in northeast Somalia
 * Tali County, area of Terekeka State, South Sudan
 * Tali, town in South Sudan

Other uses

 * Another name for the Dalbergia sissoo rosewood tree
 * A normal beat indicating the beginning of a subdivision in the taal rhythmic cycle
 * MC Tali, a drum and bass artist
 * Knucklebones used for dice in Ancient Rome
 * Plural of talus, a bone of the foot that articulates with the tibia and fibula
 * Another name for mangala sutra, a necklace put onto the bride by the groom in a Hindu wedding

People with the surname

 * Anu Tali (born 1972), Estonian conductor, twin sister of Kadri
 * Jason Tali (born 1987), Papua New Guinean rugby league player
 * Kadri Tali (born 1972), Estonian conductor, twin sister of Anu
 * Kadri Tali (botanist) (born 1966), Estonian botanist to whom the standard botanical abbreviation Tali refers
 * Peeter Tali (born 1964), Estonian military person and journalist
 * T. Tali (c. 1943 – 2020), Indian politician from Nagaland
 * Urmas Tali (born 1970), Estonian volleyball player and coach

People with the given name
Tali is a feminine name derived from the Hebrew for "my lamb" (טלה) or "dew" (טל). People called Tali include:
 * Tali Darsigny (born 1998), Canadian weightlifter
 * Tali Shalom Ezer (born 1978), Israeli filmmaker, writer, and director
 * Tali Fahima (born 1976), Israeli pro-Palestinian activist
 * Tali Farhadian (born 1975 or 1976), Iranian-born American former federal prosecutor
 * Tali Golergant (born 2000), Luxembourgish singer-songwriter
 * Tali Goya (born 1990), Dominican rapper
 * Tali Lennox (born 1993), British model, artist and actress
 * Tali Mendelberg (born 1964), American political scientist
 * Tali Moreno (born 1981), Israeli news presenter and reporter
 * Tali Tali Pompey (1940s – 2011), Australian Aboriginal artist
 * Tali Sharot, cognitive neuroscientist
 * Tali'Zorah, a character in the Mass Effect series

title: Tali


text:
Etendue

Etendue or étendue is a property of light in an optical system, which characterizes how "spread out" the light is in area and angle. It corresponds to the beam parameter product (BPP) in Gaussian beam optics. Other names for etendue include acceptance, throughput, light grasp, light-gathering power, optical extent, and the AΩ product. Throughput and AΩ product are especially used in radiometry and radiative transfer where it is related to the view factor (or shape factor). It is a central concept in nonimaging optics.

From the source point of view, etendue is the product of the area of the source and the solid angle that the system's entrance pupil subtends as seen from the source. Equivalently, from the system point of view, the etendue equals the area of the entrance pupil times the solid angle the source subtends as seen from the pupil. These definitions must be applied for infinitesimally small "elements" of area and solid angle, which must then be summed over both the source and the diaphragm as shown below. Etendue may be considered to be a volume in phase space.

Etendue never decreases in any optical system where optical power is conserved. A perfect optical system produces an image with the same etendue as the source. The etendue is related to the Lagrange invariant and the optical invariant, which share the property of being constant in an ideal optical system. The radiance of an optical system is equal to the derivative of the radiant flux with respect to the etendue.

Definition
An infinitesimal surface element, $dS$, with normal $nS$ is immersed in a medium of refractive index $n$. The surface is crossed by (or emits) light confined to a solid angle, $dΩ$, at an angle $θ$ with the normal $nS$. The area of $dS$ projected in the direction of the light propagation is $dS cos θ$. The etendue of an infinitesimal bundle of light crossing $dS$ is defined as

$$\mathrm{d}G = n^2\, \mathrm{d}S \cos \theta\, \mathrm{d}\Omega\,.$$

Etendue is the product of geometric extent and the squared refractive index of a medium through which the beam propagates. Because angles, solid angles, and refractive indices are dimensionless quantities, etendue is often expressed in units of area (given by $dS$). However, it can alternatively be expressed in units of area (square meters) multiplied by solid angle (steradians).

In free space
Consider a light source $Σ$, and a light detector $S$, both of which are extended surfaces (rather than differential elements), and which are separated by a medium of refractive index $n$ that is perfectly transparent (shown). To compute the etendue of the system, one must consider the contribution of each point on the surface of the light source as they cast rays to each point on the receiver.

According to the definition above, the etendue of the light crossing $dΣ$ towards $dS$ is given by:

$$\mathrm{d}G_\Sigma = n^2\, \mathrm{d}\Sigma \cos \theta_\Sigma\, \mathrm{d}\Omega_\Sigma = n^2\, \mathrm{d}\Sigma \cos \theta_\Sigma \frac{\mathrm{d}S \cos \theta_S}{d^2}\,,$$

where $dΩΣ$ is the solid angle defined by area $dS$ at area $dΣ$, and $d$ is the distance between the two areas. Similarly, the etendue of the light crossing $dS$ coming from $dΣ$ is given by:

$$\mathrm{d}G_S = n^2\, \mathrm{d}S \cos \theta_S\, \mathrm{d}\Omega_S = n^2\, \mathrm{d}S \cos \theta_S \frac{\mathrm{d}\Sigma \cos \theta_\Sigma}{d^2}\,,$$

where $dΩS$ is the solid angle defined by area $dΣ$. These expressions result in

$$\mathrm{d}G_\Sigma = \mathrm{d}G_S\,,$$

showing that etendue is conserved as light propagates in free space.

The etendue of the whole system is then:

$$G = \int_\Sigma\!\int_S \mathrm{d}G\,.$$

If both surfaces $dΣ$ and $dS$ are immersed in air (or in vacuum), $n = 1$ and the expression above for the etendue may be written as

$$\mathrm{d}G = \mathrm{d}\Sigma\, \cos \theta_\Sigma\, \frac{\mathrm{d}S\, \cos \theta_S}{d^2} = \pi\, \mathrm{d}\Sigma\,\left(\frac{\cos \theta_\Sigma \cos \theta_S}{\pi d^2}\, \mathrm{d}S\right) = \pi\, \mathrm{d}\Sigma\, F_{\mathrm{d}\Sigma \rarr \mathrm{d}S}\,,$$

where $FdΣ→dS$ is the view factor between differential surfaces $dΣ$ and $dS$. Integration on $dΣ$ and $dS$ results in $G = πΣ FΣ→S$ which allows the etendue between two surfaces to be obtained from the view factors between those surfaces, as provided in a list of view factors for specific geometry cases or in several heat transfer textbooks.

Conservation
The etendue of a given bundle of light is conserved: etendue can be increased, but not decreased in any optical system. This means that any system that concentrates light from some source onto a smaller area must always increase the solid angle of incidence (that is, the area of the sky that the source subtends). For example, a magnifying glass can increase the intensity of sunlight onto a small spot, but does so because, viewed from the spot that the light is concentrated onto, the apparent size of the sun is increased proportional to the concentration.

As shown below, etendue is conserved as light travels through free space and at refractions or reflections. It is then also conserved as light travels through optical systems where it undergoes perfect reflections or refractions. However, if light was to hit, say, a diffuser, its solid angle would increase, increasing the etendue. Etendue can then remain constant or it can increase as light propagates through an optic, but it cannot decrease. This is a direct result of the fact that entropy must be constant or increasing.

Conservation of etendue can be derived in different contexts, such as from optical first principles, from Hamiltonian optics or from the second law of thermodynamics.

From the perspective of thermodynamics, etendue is a form of entropy. Specifically, the etendue of a bundle of light contributes to the entropy of it by $$S_{etendue} = k_B\ln \Omega$$. Etendue may be exponentially decreased by an increase in entropy elsewhere. For example, a material might absorb photons and emit lower-frequency photons, and emit the difference in energy as heat. This increases entropy due to heat, allowing a corresponding decrease in etendue.

The conservation of etendue in free space is related to the reciprocity theorem for view factors.

In refractions and reflections

The conservation of etendue discussed above applies to the case of light propagation in free space, or more generally, in a medium of any refractive index. In particular, etendue is conserved in refractions and reflections. Figure "etendue in refraction" shows an infinitesimal surface $dS$ on the $x-y$ plane separating two media of refractive indices $nΣ$ and $nS$.

The normal to $dS$ points in the direction of the $z$-axis. Incoming light is confined to a solid angle $dΩΣ$ and reaches $dS$ at an angle $θΣ$ to its normal. Refracted light is confined to a solid angle $dΩS$ and leaves $dS$ at an angle $θS$ to its normal. The directions of the incoming and refracted light are contained in a plane making an angle $φ$ to the $x$-axis, defining these directions in a spherical coordinate system. With these definitions, Snell's law of refraction can be written as

$$n_\Sigma \sin \theta_\Sigma = n_S \sin \theta_S\,,$$

and its derivative relative to $θ$

$$n_\Sigma \cos \theta_\Sigma\, \mathrm{d}\theta_\Sigma = n_S \cos \theta_S \mathrm{d}\theta_S\,,$$

multiplied by each other result in

$$n_\Sigma^2 \cos \theta_\Sigma\!\left(\sin \theta_\Sigma\, \mathrm{d}\theta_\Sigma\, \mathrm{d}\varphi\right) = n_S^2 \cos \theta_S\!\left(\sin \theta_S\, \mathrm{d}\theta_S\, \mathrm{d}\varphi\right)\,,$$

where both sides of the equation were also multiplied by $dφ$ which does not change on refraction. This expression can now be written as

$$n_\Sigma^2 \cos \theta_\Sigma\, \mathrm{d}\Omega_\Sigma = n_S^2 \cos \theta_S\, \mathrm{d}\Omega_S\,.$$

Multiplying both sides by $dS$ we get

$$n_\Sigma^2\, \mathrm{d}S \cos \theta_\Sigma\, \mathrm{d}\Omega_\Sigma = n_S^2\, \mathrm{d}S \cos \theta_S\, \mathrm{d}\Omega_S\,;$$

that is

$$\mathrm{d}G_\Sigma = \mathrm{d}G_S\,,$$

showing that the etendue of the light refracted at $dS$ is conserved. The same result is also valid for the case of a reflection at a surface $dS$, in which case $nΣ = nS$ and $θΣ = θS$.

Brightness theorem
A consequence of the conservation of etendue is the brightness theorem, which states that no linear optical system can increase the brightness of the light emitted from a source to a higher value than the brightness of the surface of that source (where "brightness" is defined as the optical power emitted per unit solid angle per unit emitting or receiving area).

Conservation of basic radiance
Radiance of a surface is related to etendue by:

$$L_{\mathrm{e},\Omega} = n^2 \frac{\partial \Phi_\mathrm{e}}{\partial G}\,,$$

where
 * $Φe$ is the radiant flux emitted, reflected, transmitted or received;
 * $n$ is the refractive index in which that surface is immersed;
 * $G$ is the étendue of the light beam.

As the light travels through an ideal optical system, both the etendue and the radiant flux are conserved. Therefore, basic radiance defined as:

$$L_{\mathrm{e},\Omega}^* = \frac{L_{\mathrm{e},\Omega}}{n^2}$$

is also conserved. In real systems, the etendue may increase (for example due to scattering) or the radiant flux may decrease (for example due to absorption) and, therefore, basic radiance may decrease. However, etendue may not decrease and radiant flux may not increase and, therefore, basic radiance may not increase.

As a volume in phase space

In the context of Hamiltonian optics, at a point in space, a light ray may be completely defined by a point $r = (x, y, z)$, a unit Euclidean vector $v = (cos αX, cos αY, cos αZ)$ indicating its direction and the refractive index $n$ at point $r$. The optical momentum of the ray at that point is defined by

$$\mathbf{p} = n(\cos \alpha_X, \cos \alpha_Y, \cos \alpha_Z) = (p, q, r)\,,$$

where $\|p\| = n$. The geometry of the optical momentum vector is illustrated in figure "optical momentum".

In a spherical coordinate system $p$ may be written as

$$\mathbf{p} = n\!\left(\sin \theta \cos \varphi, \sin \theta \sin \varphi, \cos \theta \right)\,,$$

from which

$$\mathrm{d}p\, \mathrm{d}q = \frac{\partial(p, q)}{\partial(\theta, \varphi)} \mathrm{d}\theta\, \mathrm{d}\varphi = \left(\frac{\partial p}{\partial \theta} \frac{\partial q}{\partial \varphi} - \frac{\partial p}{\partial \varphi} \frac{\partial q}{\partial \theta}\right) \mathrm{d}\theta\, \mathrm{d}\varphi = n^2 \cos \theta \sin \theta\, \mathrm{d}\theta\, \mathrm{d}\varphi = n^2 \cos \theta\, \mathrm{d}\Omega\,,$$

and therefore, for an infinitesimal area $dS = dx dy$ on the $xy$-plane immersed in a medium of refractive index $n$, the etendue is given by

$$\mathrm{d}G = n^2\, \mathrm{d}S \cos \theta\, \mathrm{d}\Omega = \mathrm{d}x\, \mathrm{d}y\, \mathrm{d}p\, \mathrm{d}q\,,$$

which is an infinitesimal volume in phase space $x, y, p, q$. Conservation of etendue in phase space is the equivalent in optics to Liouville's theorem in classical mechanics. Etendue as volume in phase space is commonly used in nonimaging optics.

Maximum concentration

Consider an infinitesimal surface $dS$, immersed in a medium of refractive index $n$ crossed by (or emitting) light inside a cone of angle $α$. The etendue of this light is given by

$$\mathrm{d}G = n^2\, \mathrm{d}S \int \cos \theta\, \mathrm{d}\Omega = n^2 \mathrm{d}S \int_0^{2\pi}\!\int_0^\alpha \cos \theta \sin \theta\, \mathrm{d}\theta\, \mathrm{d}\varphi = \pi n^2 \mathrm{d}S \sin^2 \alpha\,.$$

Noting that $n sin α$ is the numerical aperture NA, of the beam of light, this can also be expressed as

$$\mathrm{d}G = \pi\, \mathrm{d}S\, \mathrm{NA}^2\,.$$

Note that $dΩ$ is expressed in a spherical coordinate system. Now, if a large surface $S$ is crossed by (or emits) light also confined to a cone of angle $α$, the etendue of the light crossing $S$ is

$$G = \pi n^2 \sin^2 \alpha \int \mathrm{d}S = \pi n^2 S \sin^2 \alpha = \pi S \,\mathrm{NA}^2\,.$$

The limit on maximum concentration (shown) is an optic with an entrance aperture $S$, in air collecting light within a solid angle of angle $2α$ (its acceptance angle) and sending it to a smaller area receiver $Σ$ immersed in a medium of refractive index $n$, whose points are illuminated within a solid angle of angle $2β$. From the above expression, the etendue of the incoming light is

$$G_\mathrm{i} = \pi S \sin^2 \alpha$$

and the etendue of the light reaching the receiver is

$$G_\mathrm{r} = \pi n^2 \Sigma \sin^2 \beta\,.$$

Conservation of etendue $Gi = Gr$ then gives

$$C = \frac{S}{\Sigma} = n^2 \frac{\sin^2 \beta}{\sin^2 \alpha}\,,$$

where $C$ is the concentration of the optic. For a given angular aperture $α$, of the incoming light, this concentration will be maximum for the maximum value of $sin β$, that is $β = π/2$. The maximum possible concentration is then

$$C_\mathrm{max} = \frac{n^2}{\sin^2 \alpha}\,.$$

In the case that the incident index is not unity, we have

$$G_\mathrm{i} = \pi n_\mathrm{i} S \sin^2 \alpha = G_\mathrm{r} = \pi n_\mathrm{r} \Sigma \sin^2 \beta\,,$$

and so

$$C = \left(\frac{\mathrm{NA}_\mathrm{r}}{\mathrm{NA}_\mathrm{i}}\right)^2\,,$$

and in the best-case limit of $β = π/2$, this becomes

$$C_\mathrm{max} = \frac{n_\mathrm{r}^2}{\mathrm{NA}_\mathrm{i}^2}\,.$$

If the optic were a collimator instead of a concentrator, the light direction is reversed and conservation of etendue gives us the minimum aperture, $S$, for a given output full angle $2α$.

title: Etendue


text:
User talk:Clapaucius

Cryonics editing
Hi Clapaucius, I have just reverted the edits you made to the cryonics section of the Life extension entry. I don't want to get into a revert war, so I invite you to discuss the matter in Talk:Life extension, where I have just made an entry explaining my revert --Ben Best 01:38, 25 November 2005 (UTC)

name change of article Edward Seykota
Hello

Please vote on the name change of article Edward Seykota, please vote here Talk:Edward Seykota wether you Oppose or Approve. Thank you. Trade2tradewell 11:27, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

Vancouver Wikipedians Meetup
Greetings, you're getting this spam (courtesy of Tawkerbot) because you were listed on WikiProject_Vancouver. In short, we're trying to have a meetup and we'd appreciate it if you'd join our Yahoo Group setup to figure out a time/place that would work. You can find the group at http://groups.yahoo.com/group/vancouver_wikipedians/. If you have any questions feel free to make a post there or on the WikiProject page.

Happy Editing!

WikiProject Vancouver
This is an important message being sent out too all participants. We are currently recalling our list of participants. Any one who is inactive in the project will be moved to the "inactive" list respectively. See the project talk page for more details -- Selmo  (talk) 20:51, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

Eccentrics
Have you considered adding Charles Babbage? Tualha (Talk) 00:46, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Oh, shit! It got deleted this time! I really should edit more... Yeah. You can add it if you want - I was just using it as a neat list should I ever need to reference an eccentric person of some sort in a clever way... on the internet. So yeah, go ahead. --Clapaucius 01:10, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Image:Collyer5.jpg
Hello, Clapaucius. An automated process has found and removed an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, and thus is being used under fair use that was in your userspace. The image (Image:Collyer5.jpg) was found at the following location: User:Clapaucius/List of people widely considered to be eccentric. This image or media was attempted to be removed per criterion number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media was replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. Please find a free image or    media to replace it with, and or remove the image from your userspace. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 22:36, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Younglayunsolvedmysteriescover.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Younglayunsolvedmysteriescover.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our Criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 11:47, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:Younglayblackndangerouscover.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Younglayblackndangerouscover.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our Criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 11:47, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject Vancouver
You are receiveing this message because your name appears on the WikiProject Vancouver registration list but not on the Members list. The WikiProject Vancouver is currently having a roll-call; if you are still interested in participating, please visit WikiProject_Vancouver/Members and place your name in alphabetically. Also the WikiProject is currently discussing some proposed changes on the talk page. Thank you for your time. Mkdw talk 09:01, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Vancouver Meetup Invite
Regards, Mkdw talk 22:36, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

MfD nomination of User:Clapaucius/List of people widely considered to be eccentric
User:Clapaucius/List of people widely considered to be eccentric, a page you substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User:Clapaucius/List of people widely considered to be eccentric and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of User:Clapaucius/List of people widely considered to be eccentric during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Fences &  Windows  21:17, 31 August 2011 (UTC)

Invitation to Vancouver meetup
Hello,

Wikipedian British Columbians are planning a meetup at the Vancouver Public Library, Central Branch, on Sunday, October 16th, as part of the Wikipedia Loves Libraries events. If you wish to attend, please see Meetup/Vancouver and add your signature to the list.

Thank you! Inverse Hypercube 03:32, 14 October 2011 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Absolute Entertainment

The article Absolute Entertainment has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Non-notable company. Unreferenced stub for six years.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Thompson Is Right (talk) 12:17, 11 February 2012 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:58, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

New 10,000 Challenge for Canada
Hi, WikiProject Canada/The 10,000 Challenge is up and running based on The 10,000 Challenge for the UK which has currently produced over 2300 article improvements and creations. If you'd like to see large scale quality improvements happening for Canada like The Africa Destubathon, which has produced over 1600 articles in 5 weeks, sign up on the page. The idea will be an ongoing national editathon/challenge for Canada but fuelled by a contest such as The North America Destubathon to really get articles on every province and subject mass improved. I would like some support from Canadian wikipedians here to get the Challenge off to a start with some articles to make doing a Destubathon worthwhile! Cheers. --MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 01:55, 22 November 2016 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Belzyce herb.gif

The file File:Belzyce herb.gif has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "unused, low-res, no obvious use"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion.

This bot DID NOT nominate any file(s) for deletion; please refer to the page history of each individual file for details. Thanks, FastilyBot (talk) 01:01, 21 December 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Clapaucius