text:
The Individualist

The Individualist is a 1995 album by Todd Rundgren, under the pseudonym "TR-i". The second of Todd's TR-I projects, following 1993's No World Order, the album saw Rundgren play all instruments during the recording sessions. Rundgren mixes uptempo numbers, studio gimmickry, and his usual ballads on this mid-1990s release.

The Enhanced CD includes interactive "play" with video experiences (on compatible computers) for every song, and listeners can play "Cast the First Stone" as a video game. "Espresso" and "Woman's World" are also interactive videos.

The lyrical content is largely political and spiritual, with Rundgren expressing his outspoken views against conservatism, particularly on "Family Values" with its slams against Dan Quayle. "Tables Will Turn" is a song about social inequity and how inevitably the situation will change. "If Not Now When" expresses anger against those who claim they want positive change but are too apathetic to act. In accordance with the humanism which has always driven Rundgren's lyrics, in "The Ultimate Crime" he sings "the ultimate crime is not to care." The funky track "Espresso (All Jacked Up)" is a catchy song about travel and having fun in life which could well have scored airplay but didn't. "The Individualist" is a laid-back track utilising rapping, as on No World Order as Rundgren reflects on his desire to see the truth of things and not be subjected to other's views of reality. It includes a humorous jab at Prince's name change: "Change my name to some funky fresh dingbat/Like 'the artist formerly known as TR-i'". "Cast the First Stone" is an example of Rundgren's heavier, more raucous electronic style. In it, Rundgren rails against moral hypocrites. It is similar in feel and sentiment to songs such as "Mammon" and "Liars" on his later Liars album but also to "Fascist Christ" from No World Order. In "Beloved Infidel", a plaintive ballad, Rundgren sings sadly of how the "weak are vilified and wicked glorified"; he awaits the return of the beloved infidel, which seems a metaphor for truth, when the 'liberation bell' will be rung. "Temporary Sanity", which has a rapped middle-eight, is a protest against the insanity of the human race's obsessions with wars and vanity.

Track listing
All songs by Todd Rundgren.
 * 1) "Tables Will Turn" – 8:51
 * 2) "If Not Now, When?" – 4:42
 * 3) "Family Values" – 6:42
 * 4) "The Ultimate Crime" – 4:37
 * 5) "Espresso (All Jacked Up)" – 5:51
 * 6) "The Individualist" – 7:30
 * 7) "Cast the First Stone" – 5:06
 * 8) "Beloved Infidel" – 4:11
 * 9) "Temporary Sanity" – 6:24
 * 10) "Woman's World" – 7:00

Personnel

 * Todd Rundgren -	lead vocal, all instruments, producer, engineer
 * Mary Arnold  - 	choir
 * Ed Bishop    - 	choir
 * John Ferenzik - choir
 * Jesse Gress  -	choir
 * Ann Lang     - 	choir
 * Tom Nicholson -	choir

title: The Individualist


text:
Talk:Tommy Rettig

Untitled
How did Rettig's career as a motivational speaker lead him to go into the software industry? --User:Jenmoa 03:55, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

While working on a mailing list for his motivational speaking, he became involved in database computer programming, and it went from there. This was around 1979 or 1980 when database stuff was still hard to work with, and years before MS windows came along. Vaoverland 05:02, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)

Ancedotes about Rettig in Jon Provost Memoir
--Javaweb (talk) 03:58, 9 August 2011 (UTC)Javaweb

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 * Tommy Rettig with Marylin Monroe.jpg
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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Tommy Rettig


text:
Saint Joseph Academy (Brownsville, Texas)

Saint Joseph Academy, sometimes referred to as St. Joe or SJA, is a private school conducted by the Marist Brothers of the Schools. It is located in Brownsville, Texas, United States, and serves junior high and high school students of the lower Rio Grande Valley and Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico. The school is located in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Brownsville.

History
St. Joseph Academy was founded in 1865 by the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate in the downtown area of Brownsville, Texas. The school closed and re-opened many times under the Oblates in its earliest years. In 1906, however, the Marist Brothers arrived from Mexico and re-opened St. Joseph Academy, and it has remained open ever since. Initially, SJA was an all-male elementary school. In 1926 a three-story building was constructed, known as the "Old Saint Joseph", where the International Bank of Commerce now stands in downtown.

In 1930, the first high school class graduated from St. Joseph, and by 1940, the Sisters of the Holy Ghost assumed the administration of the elementary school. The new campus, found at 101 St. Joseph Drive in Brownsville, Texas, relocated in 1959 from its historic downtown campus to its current campus on the wooded and picturesque banks of a resaca (a regional Spanish word for oxbow lake), serving boys from 7th to 12th grade. The original site became the parochial school for Sacred Heart Church (established 1912), under the direction of the religious order now known as the Sisters of the Holy Spirit and Mary Immaculate.

The new campus contained many architectural innovations, including separate low-profile classroom buildings centered around a large garden area of native flora, reminiscent of Mexican Alameda Central urban parks; unique offset vents and jalousie windows designed to maximize the cooling effect of southerly breezes; and the gymnasium with its award-winning design (highly unusual at the time) by which the entire weight of the structure is supported by four curved roof beams that meet at the center of the building.

The school was all-male until 1970, when Saint Joseph became co-educational and admitted its first female students into the 7th, 8th, and 9th grades. In 1998, the school switched from now-defunct TCIL to TAPPS, and by 2004, the construction of the new administration and middle school buildings began. On October 27, 2005, the buildings' dedication took place in the middle school gymnasium.

On 8 April 2008, the Mexican pop group RBD played at a private concert in Saint Joseph Academy's gymnasium after several students won a competition sponsored by Verizon Wireless.

By June 2012, the whole campus in SJA had wireless network connection.

Mission statement
St. Joseph Academy, conducted by the Marist Brothers with the mission to serve the children of the lower portion of the Rio Grande Valley, is dedicated to provide a "religious and moral formation" and a college preparatory education under the tradition of the Roman Catholic Church. According to the official page of the school, the SJA endeavors to form students that will succeed in their university studies, understand and love Jesus Christ, and participate in the mission of the Church, including Catholic social teaching on the preferential option for the poor.

Every year, about 100 students and more than a dozen faculty members travel to several rural communities to do community services and conduct religious classes.

The school also has a community service requirement for each student during the school year, and that chore is set up by the religion professors. In the early 2000s, the missions program at St. Joseph travelled to Tula, Tamaulipas every year; in 2012, they traveled to a Native American reservation near Gallup, New Mexico on a 10-day trip.

Athletics
At a high school level, SJA has baseball, basketball, cheerleading, dance team, cross country, football, golf, soccer, swimming, tennis, and track and field. In junior high, which is only from seventh to eighth grade, basketball, football, cross country, track and field and volleyball are available.

In 2021, the boys' cross country team won second place in the TAPPS State Meet in the 5A division. The team was coached by Teddy Lopez along with Mike Schlater and Louie Tijerina. This team was led by Pedro Cardenas and was made up of the district winning team Alejandro Ramirez, Jorge Albores, Juan Gonzalez, Mauricio Gonzalez, and Julio Cesar Silguero.

Communities represented
Students attending Saint Joseph Academy come from the following communities in the Matamoros–Brownsville metropolitan area.
 * Cities in Mexico
 * Matamoros, Tamaulipas

 * Cities in the U.S. (Texas)

Notable alumni

 * James Carlos Blake — prize-winning author of novels, novellas, short stories, and essays; current member of the Texas Institute of Letters
 * Joey Fischer — senior student murdered in 1993; part of a murder case that brought national attention
 * Buddy Garcia — appointed to the Railroad Commission of Texas by Governor Rick Perry on April 12, 2012
 * Tony Garza — United States Ambassador to Mexico, former Texas Secretary of State
 * Bianca Marroquín — Mexican musical theatre and television actress; first Latina to play in a starring role on Broadway
 * Jose Rolando Olvera Jr. — United States District Judge United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas
 * Federico Peña — U.S. Secretary of Transportation (1993–1997); U.S. Secretary of Energy (1997–1998); first Hispanic mayor of Denver, CO
 * Robert Rodriguez — emergency physician at the San Francisco General Hospital; professor of emergency medicine at the UCSF School of Medicine; member of the COVID-19 Advisory Board of U.S. president Joe Biden
 * Rudy Ruiz — Award-winning Latino author, entrepreneur and advocate
 * Julian Schnabel — "neo-expressionist" painter; Academy Award-nominated, Golden Globe winner; director of The Diving Bell and the Butterfly
 * Filemon Vela Jr. — United States U.S. Representative for 34th congressional district since 2013


text: Category:Anne Arundel County Executives

title: Category:Anne Arundel County Executives


text: Category:627 BC deaths

title: Category:627 BC deaths


text: Category:620s BC deaths

title: Category:620s BC deaths


text:
Members of the Australian House of Representatives, 1901–1903

This is a list of the members of the Australian House of Representatives in the First Australian Parliament, which was elected on 29 and 30 March 1901. There were 75 members, as required by the Constitution, as near as possible to twice the number of Senators which was then 36. South Australia and Tasmania had not been divided into electoral divisions in 1901 which resulted in the particular state voting as a single electorate. There were seven members for South Australia, and five members for Tasmania elected.

King O'Malley, who died in 1953, was the last surviving member of the 1901-1903 House of Representatives. Henry Willis was the last surviving Free Trade member, and Richard Crouch was the last surviving Protectionist member.


text: User talk:66.57.105.182

title: User talk:66.57.105.182


text:
User:Fuzionmonkey

I AM FUZIONMONKEY! PHEER ME!

title: User:Fuzionmonkey


text:
SJA

SJA may refer to:
 * St John Ambulance, several organisations
 * St. Joseph Academy (St. Augustine, Florida), USA
 * The Sarah Jane Adventures, UK TV series
 * Sports Journalists' Association, UK
 * St. Joan of Arc Catholic High School, Maple, Ontario, Canada
 * St. Joan of Arc Secondary School, Hong Kong
 * St. Johnsbury Academy, Vermont, US
 * Saint Jerome's Academy, Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya, Philippines
 * Saint Joseph Academy (disambiguation)
 * Staff judge advocate, role in the US Army

title: SJA


text: Category:653 BC deaths

title: Category:653 BC deaths


text:
User talk:AussieSoldier

Welcome!

Hello,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! '''I hope you like working here and want to continue. If you need help on how to name new articles, look at Naming Conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the Manual of Style. If you need general help, look at Help and the FAQ, and if you can't find your answer there, check the Village pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions). There's still more help at the Tutorial and the Policy Library. Also, don't forget to visit the Community Portal — and if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my talk page.'''

Additional tips:
 * Here are some extra tips to help you get around Wikipedia:
 * If you made any edits before you got an account, you might be interested in assigning those to your username.
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills, try the Sandbox.
 * Click on the Edit button on a page, and look at how other editors did what they did.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes, like this: . If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.  Always sign comments on Talk pages, never sign Articles.
 * You might want to add yourself to the New User Log.
 * If your first language isn't English, try Contributing to articles outside your native language.

Happy editing! → Jarlaxle Artemis   04:01, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)

Nanjing Massacre
I kindly request that you do not accuse people of things and not declare them having a hidden agenda or anything. Please dont discuss other parties in the discussion but discuss the article material. Present your cases, you will create a hostile enviorment if you refer to what is explained in WP:No personal attacks. --Cool Cat My Talk 07:00, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

NPOV suggests different versions of events beeing presented. You realise that japaneese goverment does not accpet this as a massacre right? I believe they have an explanation. Now while that info maybe false as far as you and many others are concerned NPOV dictates them be mentioned. Otherwise the POV tag cannot be removed. Please understand that NPOV suggests significant other views be heard. I understand you feel strong about your views, I can understand that, but please cite verifiable sources for material. That way we can place that as solid facts, other wise it is no more than POV. I am not sure how factual all existing material is, some may be products of propoganda. That is why my job is very difficult to make this article NPOV if you or no one else cites sources. Thanks. --Cool Cat My Talk 07:00, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Please realise that I cannot agree or disagree with you due to my position as acting mediator. I am not here to proove disproove the Nanjing Massacre, some material on it does not abide by NPOV. I need sources sited for certain material I will mention. --Cool Cat My Talk 07:07, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * AussieSoldier, it's good to see that some balance has finally been restored to the Nanjing Massacre section. When I was reading the discussion page, however, I noticed that you seem to have something of a down on the Japanese (which has been pointed out by others as a POV issue). I'm curious whether you are a serving Aussie soldier or served at the time of WWII. I'm also Australian, but I've never served in the armed forces and have no experience of the realities of combat or anything even remotely like it. I have lived in Japan for an extended period of time.

 * Anyway, I'm posting this to bring to your attention a book that you might be interested in (if you haven't heard of it already). It's called 'Time of Fallen Blossoms' by Allan Clifton. The book is quite critical of the behaviour of the Australian troops during their Occupation of Japan after the war. I believe it is out of print now and quite hard to get.

 * I had the opportunity to read this book back in the 1970s. I remember being startled when it started out something like: 'Let's not talk about atrocities. There were plenty of atrocities on both sides, like captured Japanese being pushed into the turning airscrews of aeroplanes.' (I don't remember exactly what it said, it was a very long time ago).

 * It came as something as a shock to me to read that there was another side to events. I had been in Japan for some years but I had always had difficulties reconciling my life among the Japanese with the events of WWII that I had heard of. This book didn't change anything, but it did give me another perspective.

 * It also prepared me for what happened some years later, in the 1980s, when I struck up a conversation with a couple of Japanese men in a restaurant in Tokyo. They were quite friendly until I told them I was Australian, when they suddenly became very hostile. It turned out they were from Kure, where the Australian Occupation forces were based after the war. My Yugoslav friend dispatched them with a few choice comments about the A-bomb and I didn't ever get to discuss anything with them. But the point was, there is an unexpected, hidden side of events that we don't hear of. No Australians today would ever have an inkling that their country's performance was less than sparkling during the war. The critical aspects of the Occupation have been quietly forgotten...

 * By mentioning this I'm not trying to drag the reputations of Australian soldiers in the mud or tar Australians with the same brush as the Japanese during WWII. That would be ridiculous and frankly insulting. I'm citing the book merely because I believe it helps give a sense of balance -- there is always a subtly different side, a slightly different angle to every story.

 * I do feel you are being somewhat unfair to the Japanese when you try to link sadistic modern day manga with the behaviour of Japanese troops during WWII. I don't think it's possible to generalise like that. Do you think the alleged preference for being spanked among public-school graduates in the UK (Eton, etc), due to sado-masochistic practices among boys at the schools, tells us something deep about British culture? Does it make any sense to generalise from that?

 * I personally feel that the brutality endemic in the Japanese Imperial Army from top to bottom might have had a lot to do with it. And that brutality was, or course, deeply connected with some of the doctrines of Imperial Japan (bushido spirit, Emperor worship, superiority of the Japanese race, etc.). But that is different from saying that it is something innate in the Japanese character. It was actually an ideology deliberately cooked up in the 19th century. Bushido as embraced by Meiji Japan was something quite different from how real samurai behaved in the Japanese middle ages. And also don't forget, the Japanese Imperial Army was not only composed of Japanese; it also had Koreans and Taiwanese serving in its ranks. I would not be surprised if some of the mistreated non-Japanese were not up there with the best of them when it came to atrocities....

 * Anyway, I hope you can get hold of that book. Whatever you might feel about it, it makes for an interesting read.

 * (I'm posting this here because I can't figure out how to contact you otherwise).

 * Bathrobe 13:24, 5 May 2005 (UTC)

self-styled 'mediators'
Hi there; Nanjing Massacre has recently been heavily, ah, 'mediated' by a 'neutralizer'. You may be interested to know that this same approach has been tried at Armenian Genocide with great disruptive effect. This would seem to be the intent. I will be joining the talk at Talk:Nanjing Massacre and thought I'd introduce myself. I'm not Japanese, Chinese, Turkish, Kurdish, or Armenian; I find denial of historic events such as these, offensive. Sincerely, Davenbelle 09:06, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:AussieSoldier


text:
Category:Baltimore County Executives

This category is for people who have held the office of county executive for Baltimore County, Maryland.

title: Category:Baltimore County Executives


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pamcake

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 06:51, May 2, 2005 (UTC)

Pamcake

 * Delete: Neologism. --Durin 04:03, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Total nonsense. Google returns no results --DuKot 04:04, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Pamcruft. -- 8^D gab 04:05, 2005 Apr 22 (UTC)
 * Dont delete!. The term Pamcake is an rising slang in High School conversations, mainly in the Houston Area. This page correctly identifies the accurate usage of such a term so that it will not see a quickened end due to incorrect usage. Furthermore, new ideas such as this should not be frowned upon because new ideas, however dumb at first, is essential in the continuation of our social legacy. --User:Cheney (actually 68.92.196.52 04:39, 2005 Apr 22 according to history Uncle G 16:00, 2005 Apr 22 (UTC))
 * Dont delete!. Yea he's right. You have to start somewhere with these new terms. Give it a chance, please. 70.241.81.238 04:43, 2005 Apr 22 (according to history Uncle G 16:00, 2005 Apr 22 (UTC))
 * So every neologism is allowed to have a page? Come on. This is not worthy of an article. --Durin 04:48, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. You may have to start somewhere but that place isn't Wikipedia. FreplySpang (talk) 04:47, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism. Jayjg (talk) 05:16, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Neologism. (But I'm tempted to say "Redirect to pancake as a possible mispelling.") Zzyzx11 | Talk 06:02, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Neologism. El_C 07:25, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, neologism. Megan1967 07:30, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, neologism. Master Thief Garrett 07:40, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete dicdef neologisms. Simple definitions of words should not be put in an encyclopedia. Read WP:WIN Mgm|(talk) 08:35, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong delete. This could serve as a textbook example of a trivial fancruft article.   — J I P | Talk 09:13, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, redirect to Meet the Parents (movie) as a character therein. Radiant_* 12:45, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * The schoolchildren aiming to get their made-up word into the dictionary have once again missed, and hit the encyclopaedia instead. (They've also hit the dictionary.  pamcake is up for deletion right now.)  A quick search reveals that several other people have, from time to time, made up this word, although apparently not seriously.  (One web site makes the flimsy claim, based solely upon a picture, that Pamela Anderson is going into competition with IHOP.)  It also reveals that a lot of people have mis-spelled pancake.  No such word.  Therefore no such concept/person/place/thing to warrant an encyclopaedia article by this title. Redirect either as per Radiant! or to pancake. Uncle G 16:00, 2005 Apr 22 (UTC)
 * Delete. Could be a redirect to pancake as a typo. --TenOfAllTrades (talk/contrib) 18:04, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as a neologism dicdef. --Carnildo 20:31, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism that I've never even heard of, and I'm a high school senior. Linuxbeak 20:52, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as pamcakes with sockpuppet syrup. Can we vote over at Wiktionary, I wonder? -Lucky 6.9 21:43, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oops...no need. They speedied it. - Lucky 6.9 21:44, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete this sock-supported neologism. Jonathunder 01:14, 2005 Apr 23 (UTC)
 * redirect it to pancake then Yuckfoo 00:44, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Sorry Cheney, but it really doesn't belong in Wikipedia. I put it in Urban Dictionary though.  Also, you didn't even mention who the starcraft player is (i don't even know) and in general your entry was horrible - Yan

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Pamcake


text: Category:585 BC deaths

title: Category:585 BC deaths


text: User talk:68.92.196.52

title: User talk:68.92.196.52


text: Category:580s BC deaths

title: Category:580s BC deaths


text:
Talk:Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada

Untitled
How long are Americans allowed to stay in Canada for?

Assessment
I have assessed this as a Stub, as it contains only the basic information on the topic, and of Low Importance, as it is a highly specific and specialized topic within Canada. Cheers, CP 01:02, 23 October 2007 (UTC)

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Talk:Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
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Proposal: Move page to "Citizenship and Immigration Canada"
According to the organization's official website, http://www.cic.gc.ca/english/index.asp, the official English name of this department is "Citizenship and Immigration Canada", not "Department of Citizenship and Immigration Canada". Shouldn't Wikipedia reflect the official name?

Rob Kelk 18:07, 20 August 2011 (UTC)

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CitizenshipCommission
I deleted a line which seemed not providing much information about the Citizenship Commission. I will add more substantial information, eventually. Wikimarkie (talk) 14:26, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

Toronto Star reference
I deleted the Toronto Star reference as I believe that the article is unrelated to the section. However, for the record, CIC then reported that their website crashed a day after the American elections. Wikimarkie (talk) 22:54, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

Staffing, name and date of appointment or employment with IRCC
The sources I located for some of the deputy ministers were not entirely reliable as I sourced them out from external website which I think not very reliable. I used openparliament website for information and name of the deputy ministers as resources. There is one that I had not identified so I left that blank. If someone wants to fill in that blank information, please feel free to add that info. thank you Wikimarkie (talk) 23:34, 15 July 2018 (UTC)

about my visa
My visa 2400:1A00:BDE0:511:1CED:2F04:3C9B:83E1 (talk) 04:00, 18 March 2024 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Lucius Aemilius Paullus (consul 50 BC)

Accuracy dispute
Dispute may be too strong, but I tried to sort throught all the various combinations of "Lucius", "Aemilius" and "Paulus" that we have on Wikipedia, and got completely lost. Maybe it's just me and lack of sleep, but things sure could use clarifying. -Rholton 04:06, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Hydroxylammonium nitrate

Hydroxylammonium nitrate or hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula [NH3OH]+[NO3]−. It is a salt derived from hydroxylamine and nitric acid. In its pure form, it is a colourless hygroscopic solid. It has potential to be used as a rocket propellant either as a solution in monopropellants or bipropellants. Hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)-based propellants are a viable and effective solution for future green propellant-based missions, as it offers 50% higher performance for a given propellant tank compared to commercially used hydrazine.

Properties
The compound is a salt with separated hydroxyammonium and nitrate ions. Hydroxylammonium nitrate is unstable because it contains both a reducing agent (hydroxylammonium cation) and an oxidizer (nitrate), the situation being analogous to ammonium nitrate. It is usually handled as an aqueous solution. The solution is corrosive and toxic, and may be carcinogenic. Solid HAN is unstable, especially in the presence of trace amounts of iron(III).

Laboratory preparatory routes

 * 1) Catalytic reduction of nitric oxides
 * 2) Double decomposition
 * 3) Electrolysis
 * 4) Hydrogenation of nitric acid
 * 5) Ion exchange via resins
 * 6) Neutralization

Applications
HAN has applications as a component of rocket propellant, in both solid and liquid form. HAN and ammonium dinitramide (ADN), another energetic ionic compound, were investigated as less-toxic replacements for toxic hydrazine for monopropellant rockets where only a catalyst is needed to cause decomposition. HAN and ADN will work as monopropellants in water solution, as well as when dissolved with fuel liquids such as methanol.

HAN is used by the Network Centric Airborne Defense Element boost-phase interceptor being developed by Raytheon. As a solid propellant oxidizer, it is typically bonded with glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), or carboxy-terminated polybutadiene (CTPB) and requires preheating to 200-300 °C to decompose. When used as a monopropellant, the catalyst is a noble metal, similar to the other monopropellants that use silver, palladium, or iridium.

HAN also enabled the development of solid propellants that could be controlled electrically and switched on and off. Developed by DSSP for special effects and microthrusters, these were the first HAN-based propellants in space; and aboard the Naval Research Laboratory SpinSat, launched in 2014.

It was used in a fuel/oxidizer blend known as "AF-M315E" in the high thrust engines of the Green Propellant Infusion Mission,  which was initially expected to be launched in 2015, and eventually launched and deployed on 25 June 2019. The specific impulse of AF-M315E is 257 s. The aqueous solution of HAN can be added with fuel components such as methanol, glycine, TEAN (triethanolammonium nitrate), and amines to form high performance monopropellants for space propulsion systems.

China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation (CASC) launched a demonstration of HAN-based thruster aboard a microsatellite in January 2018.

Japanese technology demonstration satellite Innovative Satellite Technology Demonstration-1, launched in January 2019, contains a demonstration thruster using HAN and operated successfully in orbit.

HAN is sometimes used in nuclear reprocessing as a reducing agent for plutonium ions.

title: Hydroxylammonium nitrate


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Georges Barraige

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE, as related to deleted Republic Of Henderson Island

Georges Barraige
Delete: Hoax/nonsense. See Republic Of Henderson Island created by similar IP# which is also up for delete as a hoax. --Durin 04:09, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * delete, not notable, possible vanity. Megan1967 07:31, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Google has nothing, so suspect unverifiable, and probably a hoax. Average Earthman 08:55, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unverifiable, created by a prankster. Mikkalai 17:34, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: Category:619 BC deaths

title: Category:619 BC deaths


text:
One Long Year

One Long Year is Todd Rundgren's seventeenth album, released in 2000. It is composed of recordings that were released initially only to subscribers to Rundgren's online PatroNet facility, as well as other miscellany. To promote the album Rundgren performed "I Hate My Frickin' I.S.P." on Late Night with Conan O'Brien.

Track listing
All tracks are written by Todd Rundgren.
 * 1) "I Hate My Frickin' I.S.P." - 3:47
 * 2) "Buffalo Grass" - 4:32
 * 3) "Jerk" - 4:40
 * 4) "Bang on the Ukulele Daily" (live) - 3:05
 * 5) "Where Does the Time Go?" - 4:48
 * 6) "Love of the Common Man" - 3:28
 * 7) "Mary and the Holy Ghost" - 4:22
 * 8) "Yer Fast (And I Like It)" - 3:15
 * 9) "Hit Me Like a Train" - 5:02
 * 10) "The Surf Talks" - 5:49

Personnel

 * Todd Rundgren - all vocals and instruments, producer, engineer
 * additional performers on "Love of the Common Man"
 * Ken Emerson - guitar
 * Jesse Gress - guitar
 * Kasim Sulton - bass
 * John Ferenzik - keyboards
 * Prairie Prince - drums

title: One Long Year


text: Category:600 BC deaths

title: Category:600 BC deaths


text: Category:580 BC deaths

title: Category:580 BC deaths


text:
Talk:Billy Sunday

Legacy
There should be a section about her legacy and influence on later evangelicals. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 149.125.130.21 (talk) 13:58, 16 October 2019 (UTC)

Ku Klux Klan
I added more about Sunday's relationship with the Klan, including a source about an incident in Bangor, Maine in 1927. There is some conflict since one of the references claims that he never praised the Klan but that was clearly not the case.--User:Namiba 16:07, 12 January 2021 (UTC)

 * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d33khh7rItE&ab_channel=AscentofMountCarmel 2601:249:1681:DCA0:0:0:0:A0F9 (talk) 04:42, 9 April 2022 (UTC)

inaccuracies regarding Sunday's relation with the Klan
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d33khh7rItE&ab_channel=AscentofMountCarmel — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:249:1681:DCA0:0:0:0:A0F9 (talk) 03:24, 9 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Hope you approve of the tweaks I've made to the sentences about Sunday's relationship to the Klan. John Foxe (talk) 04:19, 9 April 2022 (UTC)

what did billy sunday do for fun?
38.240.241.32 (talk) 19:10, 30 May 2023 (UTC)

NPOV
This article is full of overly-promotional language. It takes a more or less uncritical lens and seeks to put Sunday in the best possible light. I've tagged the article and I hope others will join me in rewriting this article with neutral language.--User:Namiba 13:08, 15 April 2024 (UTC)

 * You need to be specific and suggest alternatives for what you consider "overly-promotional," especially because this article has been rated GA. Twice actually. The GA rating was unsuccessfully challenged in 2009.23:44, 16 April 2024 (UTC) John Foxe (talk) 23:44, 16 April 2024 (UTC)
 * For example, "With his wife administering the campaign organization, Sunday was free to do what he did best: compose and deliver colloquial sermons." "Although he never lost his sympathy for the poor and sincerely tried to bridge the gulf between the races during the zenith of the Jim Crow era,[70] Sunday did receive contributions from members of the Second Ku Klux Klan during the 1920."--User:Namiba 14:10, 17 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Those statements are adequately cited. At the very least you need to prove that they aren't. If you can improve the article do so, and I'll support you. But don't tag the article just because it's easy to do. John Foxe (talk) 01:25, 18 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Per WP:WNTRMT, you should not remove maintenance tags when "There is ongoing activity or discussion related to the template issue." Please stop doing so until the NPOV issue has been resolved.--User:Namiba 17:52, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Statements like those above indicate that better sources are needed. Dorset's book, published more than 30 years ago by a religious publishing house, needs to called into question as a definitive source. For example, there is an inherent contradiction between someone who "tried to bridge the gap between the races" and someone who was strongly favored by the Ku Klux Klan. Until this contradiction is adequately resolved in a neutral manner, the tags should remain.--User:Namiba 18:04, 19 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Find the appropriate source first. Don't say one should exist simply because you want to believe it must. Sunday both attempted to bridge the gap between races and was favored by the KKK. To deny that combination was impossible a hundred years ago, without evidence, reflects modern bias. You'll need to get into the weeds in Sunday biography if you want to improve this article. John Foxe (talk) 02:47, 20 April 2024 (UTC)
 * @Namiba, I removed the "do what he did best:" on the first sentence, which I think sounds less editorialized now. I'm not really seeing the problem with the second sentence. That we're getting inside Sunday's head too much in assuming that his apparent sympathy for the poor was genuine? ~Awilley (talk) 04:06, 21 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Yes, this article extensively relies on a 33-year old source from a religious publishing house to paint Sunday in the best possible light. The Dorset book is cited 41 times in the article. Relying on a potentially less than reliable source is part of the problem. A more recent scholarly source highlights Sunday's close relationship with the Klan more clearly.--User:Namiba 13:02, 21 April 2024 (UTC)

I welcome any improvements based on reliable sources. John Foxe (talk) 02:08, 22 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Billy Sunday


text: Category:WikiProject Birds

title: Category:WikiProject Birds


text:
Parys Mountain

Parys Mountain (Mynydd Parys) is located south of the town of Amlwch in north east Anglesey, Wales. Originally known as Trysclwyn, the high ground is reputed to have gained its current name when it was given to Robert Parys, Chamberlain of North Wales by Henry IV. It is the site of a large copper mine that was extensively exploited in the late 18th century. Parys Mountain is a mountain in name only, being a hill with an elevation of less than 150m.

History
Parys Mountain was mined for copper ore in the early Bronze Age, as shown by sub-surface debris nearly 4,000 years old revealed during excavations in 2002. Since then, access has been regained to the sealed underground workings of the Parys mine, revealing further evidence of ancient mining. Parys Mountain is thus one of the few sites in Britain where there is evidence for the prehistoric beginnings of the British metal mining industry.

The 18th century miners recognised that they were following in the steps of much earlier workers, an observation that was then linked to the discovery locally of copper ingots bearing Roman inscriptions. Conclusive evidence that the Romans worked the mine, e.g. datable pottery, has yet to be found and may have been obliterated by the mining in the 18th century.

In 1762, Alexander Frazer convinced the owner, Sir Nicholas Bayly, to allow him to search for copper, but he failed to find it in economically viable quantities. In 1764, Charles Roe of Macclesfield approached Sir Nicholas Bayly wanting to lease the copper mine at Penrhyn du, on the Llŷn Peninsula. This was agreed provided they also took a lease on part of Parys Mountain and continued the exploration work recently abandoned. After considerable expenditure searching for copper ore at Parys Mountain, they decided to instruct their agents to cease the search for new veins. However a last-ditch attempt was successful when their agent, Rowland Pugh, a local miner, discovered the "Great Lode" on 2 March 1768 and was rewarded with a bottle of whisky and a rent-free house for his lifetime. The vein, discovered only 7 feet down, was to prove so valuable that 2 March was celebrated locally by a festival at least until 1858.

A further discovery of ore was made in 1775 further to the West of "the Great Lode" by The Reverend Edward Hughes, who was co-owner of that area with Sir Nicholas Bayly, and to exploit this he formed the Parys Mine Company that same year. The 21 year lease of Charles Roe expired in 1785, and so the Earl of Uxbridge (who had succeeded Sir Nicholas Bayly), decided to form the Mona Mine Company. The production from Parys Mountain by these two adjacent companies dominated the world's copper market during the 1780s, when the mine was the largest in Europe. Its rise severely damaged the mining industry in Cornwall. The ore was exported via Amwlch, which grew to a substantial town. A loading pier was built at Amwlch harbour in 1782, and in 1793 by act of parliament the port was enlarged and dredged with the addition of piers, buoys and mooring posts to accommodate the seaborne traffic. The copper from the mine was used to sheath the British Admiralty's wooden ships of war, to prevent the growth of seaweed and barnacles and to protect the wood from attack by shipworms. This increased the speed and manoeuvrability of the vessels, and enabled them to remain at sea for longer as there was less need to return to port for maintenance (see Copper sheathing for further details).

Although the ore here was of variable quality, this was more than compensated for by the fact that it occurred in two large masses close to the surface. Initially ore was worked on the surface from shallow shafts, next by open-pit mining, and finally underground from adits or shafts. The ore was broken into small lumps by hand, the best ore being shipped to Lancashire or to the Lower Swansea valley in South Wales through the port of Swansea for smelting. Copper was concentrated and extracted from the remainder using kilns and furnaces on site. It was also discovered that purer metal could be obtained efficiently, although in small amounts, by its precipitation from drainage water with scrap iron in purpose-built ponds. Associated with the mines, important chemical industries were established on the mountain based on by-products such as ochre pigments, sulphur, vitriol and alum. The processes were described by the German writer and translator Augustin Gottfried Ludwig Lentin (1764–1823), who visited Parys Mountain in the 1790s and published his findings in Briefe über die Insel Anglesea: vorzüglich über das dasige Kupfer-Bergwerk und die dazu gehörigen Schmelzwerke und Fabriken (Leipzig: Crusius, 1800).

In response to a national shortage of small currency, the Parys Mine Company produced its own coinage between 1787 and 1793. The Parys Penny, also known as the Anglesey Penny, was used by the mine to pay workers, and also by the populace at large. It is thought that around ten million pennies and half pennies were minted.

Underground mining of Parys Mountain ceased in 1904, however precipitation of copper from mine water continued. A dam was built inside one of the main drainage adits, and the water was periodically released into the precipitation pits by opening valves. In 1927 it was hoped that work on the mines could be restarted and The Welsh Copper Trust (Ltd) was formed. In a survey of the mine published in a pamphlet in 1928 the precipitation pits were still in use with water being drained 3-monthly. It was claimed in the survey that the tailings of the old workings contained considerable copper as the old method of hand picking the ore generally rejected ore with less than 6% copper as uneconomic. It was also claimed that a 10 foot vein containing 2 to 3% copper had been left below ground as uneconomic. Linked to The Welsh Copper Trust Ltd was another company, the Mona Copper Co (Ltd) formed in October 1928. However it appears these attempts to restart the mine came to nothing.

This operation of the precipitation pits appears to have ceased around 1940, and in the 1990s it was realised that the large volume of water held back by a decaying dam and inoperative valves posed a flood risk. As a result a dewatering exercise took place in 2003, and with pumps operating at 50 litres per second it took 8 weeks to sufficiently dewater the mine, after which the dam was breached to prevent the problem re-occurring. This operation dropped the water levels by 70 m, and gave access to many more passages and to a connection to the nearby previously inaccessible Mona Mine. The entry into these sections was filmed for the TV series Extreme Archaeology. Due to the high chemical content of the water, snottites thrive in the until recently submerged passages.

Modern day

There is a waymarked trail around the mountain, giving views of Amlwch Port to the north and the nearby Trysglwyn wind farm to the south. Those wishing to explore the historic mine levels need to contact the Parys Underground Group.

Renewed exploration of Parys Mountain by drilling resulted in the discovery of copper rich stockwork in 1962 - now referred to as the Northern Copper Zone. Several other zones of mineralisation were subsequently discovered and in 1988 the new public company, Anglesey Mining plc was formed. This owns the western part of the mountain and between 1988 and 1990 it sunk a 300m deep shaft and drove 850m of levels so as to remove minerals for processing in a pilot plant. Unfortunately a recession caused a big fall in metal prices and the project was shelved.

Further drilling since then has better defined the as yet unexploited resources, which include 6,500,000 tonnes containing 10% combined zinc, lead and copper with some silver and gold. The company has permits and a plan to restart mining operations at 350,000 tonnes per year. Drilling to better define the Northern Copper Zone started in late 2023, with the target of improving the confidence of the mineral estimates for inclusion in the feasibility study, and explore adjacent areas as yet undrilled.

Due to the high level of soil contamination, plant life is sparse on or near the mountain, but there are a number of examples of rare plants and bacteria. The bare, heavily mined landscape give the mountain a strange appearance which has been used in the filming of science fiction films and television shows such as Mortal Kombat Annihilation.

Mynydd Parys is an anchor point on the European Route of Industrial Heritage.

Geology
The volcanogenic massive sulfide ore deposit is located at the border of the Ordovician to the Llandovery epoch. The ore is covered by an overlying layer of volcanic rhyolites.

The mineral Anglesite, with the chemical formula PbSO 4, was first recognised by William Withering in 1783, who discovered it in the Parys copper-mine; the name was given by F. S. Beudant in 1832.

title: Parys Mountain


text: User talk:24.93.173.71

title: User talk:24.93.173.71


text: User talk:129.21.134.64

title: User talk:129.21.134.64


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Saraisis

Saraisis
Misspelling of psoriasis, not very encyclopedic, nothing that isn't in the article under the proper spelling. Does Wikipedia redirect misspellings like this? If not, delete. -- Avocado 04:14, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)

Redirect. --DuKot 04:15, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * delete, no redirect. Created by a prankster (see Time bomb (explosive) history). Mikkalai 06:15, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)


text: User talk:24.182.196.145

title: User talk:24.182.196.145


text: Category:632 BC deaths

title: Category:632 BC deaths


text:
User:Demi/spoken-header

Spoken article available at [[Media:]]

title: User:Demi/spoken-header


text: Category:630s BC deaths

title: Category:630s BC deaths


text:
Talk:Geography of Tibet

Is this page supposed to be about the geography of the Tibetan_Autonomous_Region or of historical Tibet? The article, after the first paragraph, discusses Tibet as being only the TAR, then deals with the geography of the whole region. As it stands it is very confusing. Sengge 04:19, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It's about Tibet as a geographical region, i.e. the high plateau bounded by higher mountains on all or most sides, historically inhabited by ethnic Tibetans. Not necessarily limited by the boundaries of Tibet as a political entity at any particular time or the present T.A.R. LADave (talk) 09:10, 20 May 2011 (UTC)

62 references for section about ice ages?
This is about ten times more references than the section warrants. All those footnote numbers seriously interfere with readability. Remember, we are writing for a lay audience, not for academics. Let's be kind to them! LADave (talk) 09:15, 20 May 2011 (UTC)
 * All the references from this section were written by 1 person (and linked to his personal article). Clearly he had some weird self-promotion thing going on. 129.11.197.205 (talk) 17:00, 3 November 2011 (UTC)

Removed Update-EB tag
Since the article now has more references (even if too many are still from one source), I removed the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica tag.  Miniapolis  ( talk ) 00:50, 30 May 2012 (UTC)

"as much as 15 °C (27 °F) cooler"?
The article reads: "and daytime temperatures ranging from around 7 °C (45 °F) in winter to 24 °C (75 °F) in summer – though nights are as much as 15 °C (27 °F) cooler" "as much as 15 °C (27 °F) cooler"? Does it mean that usually nights are less cool, or even not cooler at all, and the lowest night-time temperatures are: 7-15 = -8°C in winter, and 24-15 = 9°C in summer? 85.193.252.19 (talk) 00:09, 22 October 2021 (UTC)
 * I understood it to mean the latter. An absolute temperature of 15 C is not the same as a temperature difference of 15 C-change. — hike395 (talk) 12:33, 23 October 2021 (UTC)
 * I agree with you but the wording could and should be more precise. 85.193.252.19 (talk) 12:15, 25 October 2021 (UTC)

Everest
Should Everest be included in the list of peaks? Perhaps we can use the Tibetan name of Sagarmatha, or write it as "Sagarmatha (Mount Everest)." Has it been left off for a reason? — Zujine |talk 16:06, 2 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Geography of Tibet


text: Category:1320s BC deaths

title: Category:1320s BC deaths


text:
Liars (Todd Rundgren album)

Liars is the eighteenth album from Todd Rundgren, released in 2004. After a long period of experimentation with multimedia technology and late 20th century musical genres, Rundgren seemed to once again embrace the eclectic pop sensibilities that made him famous, as on his most well-known album, Something/Anything? As a result, the album received rave reviews, as many considered it a welcome return to form.

Lyrically, every song deals in some way with the issue of truth - focusing more on half-truths than outright lies. From the liner notes:
 * "All of these songs are about a paucity of truth. At first they may seem to be about other things, but that is just a reflection of how much dishonesty we have accepted in our daily lives. We are raised from birth to believe things that cannot be proven or that are plainly not true. People will often brag of their honesty, when there is so much they have simply chosen to ignore or leave unexamined.
 * The fact is, we are terrified of the truth."

Mixes
Upon release, the album was pressed onto vinyl. The vinyl running order was mixed as separate tracks to fit the vinyl discs with ease. This version included the songs with clean intros and fade-outs. This master was also used for the Japanese release on CD, whereas every other standard release contained the intended, flowing running order.

Track listing
All tracks are written by Todd Rundgren.
 * 1) "Truth" – 5:12
 * 2) "Sweet" – 5:51
 * 3) "Happy Anniversary" – 4:24
 * 4) "Soul Brother" – 4:14
 * 5) "Stood Up" – 4:42
 * 6) "Mammon" – 4:53
 * 7) "Future" – 6:04
 * 8) "Past" – 5:55
 * 9) "Wondering" – 5:11
 * 10) "Flaw" – 4:42
 * 11) "Afterlife" – 3:56
 * 12) "Living" – 5:37
 * 13) "God Said" – 7:40
 * 14) "Liar" – 5:07

Personnel

 * Todd Rundgren – all vocals and instruments, producer, engineer
 * Ken Emerson – slide guitar
 * Garn Ian Thomasson – wind

title: Liars (Todd Rundgren album)


text:
Orya (play)

The Orya (literally meaning "The pork") is a Greek comedy written by Epicharmus in 500 BC, mentioned by Hesychius.

title: Orya (play)