text:
User talk:Valfarly

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --JYolkowski 22:53, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia! We welcome and appreciate your contributions, such as Scouting Ireland (CSI), but we regretfully cannot accept copyrighted text borrowed from web sites. For more information, take a look at our policy library. Happy editing! FreplySpang (talk) 23:25, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for letting me know about the copyright status of the Scouting Ireland information. Give me a few minutes to look up Wikipedia policy for this sort of thing -- there might be some specific text for you to add to the articles to indicate that it's okay. Otherwise you may have to go through this again! (By the way, it's very helpful if you sign your postings to Talk pages by typing four tildes: ~ ) FreplySpang (talk) 23:38, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, the Wikipedia policy is not actually as clear as I would like. I'll remove the notices from the pages you added. It would be helpful if you would add a brief note to their talk pages, like the one you put on mine, indicating that you grant permission. Thanks for your patience here. I hope I haven't put you off contributing to Wikipedia. We get a lot of people copying webpages without permission, and it's a real problem. FreplySpang (talk) 23:52, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Sticking around -- Oh good. Have fun editing, and good luck in your work with the Scouts! FreplySpang (talk) 00:02, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

January 2010
Thank you for your contributions. Please remember to mark your edits as "minor" only if they truly are minor edits. In accordance with Help:Minor edit, a minor edit is one that the editor believes requires no review and could never be the subject of a dispute. Minor edits consist of things such as typographical corrections, formatting changes, or rearrangement of text without modification of content. Additionally, the reversion of clear-cut vandalism and test edits may be labeled "minor". Thank you. BaronLarf 08:54, 16 January 2010 (UTC)

Webinar / edit-a-thon at the National Library of Medicine (NLM)
Join us at the NLM next week, either in person or online, to learn about NLM resources, hear some great speakers, and do some editing!

On Tuesday, 28 May there will be a community Wikipedia meeting at the United States National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland - with a second on Thursday, 30 May for those who can't make it on Tuesday. You can participate either in-person, or via an online webinar. If you attend in person, USB sticks (but not external drives) are ok to use.

Please go to the event page to get more information, including a detailed program schedule.

If you are interested in participating, please register by sending an email to pmhmeet@gmail.com. Please indicate if you are coming in person or if you will be joining us via the webinar. After registering, you will receive additional information about how to get to our campus (if coming in-person) and details about how to join the webinar. Klortho (talk) 05:41, 25 May 2013 (UTC)

Have time on Saturday?
I'm sorry for the last-minute notice, but on Saturday, June 8, from 3 to 6 PM, Wikimedia DC and the Cato Institute are hosting a Legislative Data Meetup. We will discuss the work done so far by WikiProject U.S. Federal Government Legislative Data to put data from Congress onto Wikipedia, as well as what more needs to be done. If you have ideas you'd like to contribute, or if you're just curious and feel like meeting up with other Wikipedians, you are welcome to come! Be sure to RSVP here if you're interested.

I hope to see you there!

(You can unsubscribe from future notifications for D.C.-area events by removing your name from this list.)

Harej (talk) 04:06, 6 June 2013 (UTC)

DC meetup & dinner on Saturday, June 15!
Please join Wikimedia DC for a social meetup and dinner at Vapiano (near Farragut North/Farragut West) on Saturday, June 15 at 5:30 PM. All Wikipedia/Wikimedia and free knowledge/culture enthusiasts, regardless of editing experience, are welcome to attend! All ages welcome!

For more information and to sign up, please see the meetup page. Hope to see you there! Kirill [talk] 19:36, 10 June 2013 (UTC)

Join us this Sunday for the Great American Wiknic!
Boilerplate message generously borrowed from Wikimedia NYC. To unsubscribe from future DC area event notifications, remove your name from this list.

Harej (talk) 15:31, 19 June 2013 (UTC)

DC meetup & dinner on Saturday, July 13!
Please join Wikimedia DC for a social meetup and dinner at Vapiano (near Farragut North/Farragut West) on Saturday, July 13 at 6:00 PM. All Wikipedia/Wikimedia and free knowledge/culture enthusiasts, regardless of editing experience, are welcome to attend! All ages welcome!

For more information and to sign up, please see the meetup page. Hope to see you there! Kirill [talk] 00:10, 6 July 2013 (UTC)

DC meetup & dinner on Saturday, August 24!
Please join Wikimedia DC for a social meetup and dinner at Vapiano (near Farragut North/Farragut West) on Saturday, August 24 at 6:00 PM. All Wikipedia/Wikimedia and free knowledge/culture enthusiasts, regardless of editing experience, are welcome to attend! All ages welcome!

For more information and to sign up, please see the meetup page. Hope to see you there! Kirill [talk] 03:51, 8 August 2013 (UTC)

Are you free on Wednesday? Join us at the Wikimedia DC WikiSalon!
Wikimedia DC invites you to join us for our next DC WikiSalon, which will be held on the evening of Wednesday, August 24 at our K Street office.

The WikiSalon an informal gathering of Wikimedia enthusiasts, who come together to discuss the Wikimedia projects and collaboratively edit. There's no set agenda, and guests are welcome to recommend articles for the group to edit or edit on their own. Light refreshments will be provided.

We look forward to seeing you there! Kirill [talk] 11:26, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

Meet up with local Wikipedians on September 14!
Are you free on Saturday, September 14? If so, please join Wikimedia DC and local Wikipedians for a social meetup and dinner at Vapiano (near Farragut North/Farragut West) at 6:00 PM. All Wikipedia/Wikimedia and free knowledge/culture enthusiasts, regardless of editing experience, are welcome to attend! All ages are welcome!

For more information and to sign up, please visit the meetup page. Hope to see you there! Kirill [talk] 18:43, 25 August 2013 (UTC)

Are you free next Thursday? Join us at the Wikimedia DC WikiSalon!
Wikimedia DC invites you to join us for our next WikiSalon, which will be held from 7 to 9 PM on Thursday, September 5 at our K Street office.

The WikiSalon is an informal gathering of Wikimedia enthusiasts, who come together to discuss the Wikimedia projects and collaboratively edit. There's no set agenda, and guests are welcome to recommend articles for the group to edit or edit on their own. Light refreshments will be provided.

We look forward to seeing you there! Kirill [talk] 14:43, 28 August 2013 (UTC)

Are you free next Thursday? Join us at the Wikimedia DC WikiSalon!
Wikimedia DC invites you to join us for our next WikiSalon, which will be held from 7 to 9 PM on Thursday, September 26 at our K Street office.

The WikiSalon is an informal gathering of Wikimedia enthusiasts, who come together to discuss the Wikimedia projects and collaboratively edit. There's no set agenda, and guests are welcome to recommend articles for the group to edit or edit on their own. Light refreshments will be provided.

We look forward to seeing you there! Kirill [talk] 05:38, 17 September 2013 (UTC)

Are you free on Sunday? Join us for a special Wikimedia DC WikiSalon!
Wikimedia DC invites you to join us for a special WikiSalon at the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library's Digital Commons Center. We will gather at 3 PM on Sunday, October 13, 2013 to discuss an important topic: what can Wikipedia and the DC area do to help each other? We hope to hear your thoughts and suggestions; if you have an idea you would like to pursue, please let us know and we will help!

Following the WikiSalon, we will be having dinner at a nearby restaurant, Ella's Wood Fired Pizza.

If you're interested in attending, please sign up at the event page. We look forward to seeing you there! Kirill [talk] 01:58, 8 October 2013 (UTC)

Meetups coming up in DC!
Hey!

You are invited to two upcoming events in DC:

 * Meetup at Capitol City Brewery on Saturday, January 25 at 6 PM. Please join us for dinner, drinks, socializing, and discussing Wikimedia DC activities and events. All are welcome! RSVP on the linked page or through Meetup.
 * Art and Feminism Edit-a-Thon on Saturday, February 1 from Noon – 5 PM. Join us as we improve articles on notable women in history! All are welcome, regardless of age or level of editing experience. RSVP on the linked page or through Meetup.

I hope to see you there!

(Note: If you do not wish to receive talk page messages for DC meetups, you are welcome to remove your username from this page.)

Harej (talk) 00:07, 16 January 2014 (UTC)

Coming up in February!
Hello there!

Our February WikiSalon is coming up on Sunday, February 23. Join us at our gathering of Wikipedia enthusiasts at the Kogod Courtyard of the National Portrait Gallery with an optional dinner after. As usual, all are welcome. Care to join us?

Also, if you are available, there is an American Art Edit-a-thon being held at the Smithsonian American Art Museum with Professor Andrew Lih's COMM-535 class at American University on Tuesday, February 11 from 2 to 5 PM. Please RSVP on the linked page if you are interested.

If you have any ideas or preferences for meetups, please let us know at Wikipedia talk:Meetup/DC.

Thank you, and hope to see you at our upcoming events! Harej (talk) 18:42, 4 February 2014 (UTC)

DC Meetups in March
 Happy March!

Though we have a massive snowstorm coming up, spring is just around the corner! Personally, I am looking forward to warmer weather.

Wikimedia DC is looking forward to a spring full of cool and exciting activities. In March, we have coming up:

 * Evening WikiSalon on Wednesday, March 12 from 7 PM – 9 PM. Meet up with Wikipedians for coffee at the Cove co-working space in Dupont Circle! If you cannot make it in the evening, join us at our...
 * March Meetup on Sunday, March 23 from 3 PM – 6 PM. Our monthly weekend meetup, same place as last month. Meet really cool and interesting people!
 * Women in the Arts 2014 meetup and edit-a-thon on Sunday, March 30 from 10 AM – 5 PM. Our second annual Women in the Arts edit-a-thon, held at the National Museum of Women in the Arts. Free lunch will be served!

We hope to see you at our upcoming events! If you have any questions, feel free to ask on my talk page.

— Harej (talk) 05:11, 3 March 2014 (UTC)

An exciting month of wiki events!
 Hello there,

I am pleased to say that April will be a very exciting month for Wikipedia in Washington, DC. We have a lot of different events coming up, so you will have a lot to choose from.

First, a reminder that our second annual Women in the Arts Edit-a-Thon will take place on Sunday, March 30 at the National Museum of Women in the Arts.

Coming up in April, we have our first-ever Open Government WikiHack with the Sunlight Foundation on April 5–6! We are working together to use open government data to improve the Wikimedia projects, and we would love your help. All are welcome, regardless of coding or editing experience. We will also be having a happy hour the day before, with refreshments courtesy of the Sunlight Foundation.

On Friday, April 11 we are having our first edit-a-thon ever with the Library of Congress. The Africa Collection Edit-a-Thon will focus on the Library's African and Middle East Reading Room. It'll be early in the morning, but it's especially worth it if you're interested in improving Wikipedia's coverage of African topics.

The following day, we are having our second annual Wiki Loves Capitol Hill training. We will discuss policy issues relevant to Wikimedia and plan for our day of outreach to Congressional staffers that will take place during the following week.

There are other meetups in the works, so be sure to check our meetup page with the latest. I hope to see you at some of these events!

All the best, James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 01:29, 26 March 2014 (UTC)

Two edit-a-thons coming up!

Hello there!

I'm pleased to tell you about two upcoming edit-a-thons:

 * This Tuesday, April 29, from 2:30 to 5:30 PM, we have the Freer and Sackler edit-a-thon. (Sorry for the short notice!)
 * On Saturday, May 10 we have the Wikipedia APA edit-a-thon, in partnership with the Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center, from 10 AM to 5 PM.

We have more stuff coming up in May and June, so make sure to keep a watch on the DC meetup page. As always, if you have any recommendations or requests, please leave a note on the talk page.

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 20:39, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

Meet up with us

Happy May!

There are a few meetups in DC this month, including an edit-a-thon later this month. Check it out:
 * On Thursday, May 15 come to our evening WikiSalon at the Cove co-working space in Dupont Circle. If you're available Thursday evening, feel free to join us!
 * Or if you prefer a Saturday night dinner gathering, we also have our May Meetup at Capitol City Brewing Company. (Beer! Non-beer things too!)
 * You are also invited to the Federal Register edit-a-thon at the National Archives later this month.

Come one, come all!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 20:21, 10 May 2014 (UTC)

Washington, DC meetups in June

Greetings!

Wikimedia DC has yet another busy month in June. Whether you're a newcomer to Wikipedia or have years of experience, we're happy to see you come. Here's what's coming up:

 * On Wednesday, June 11 from 7 to 9 PM come to the WikiSalon at the Cove co-working space. Hang out with Wikipedia enthusiasts!
 * Saturday, June 14 is the Frederick County History Edit-a-Thon from 11 AM to 4 PM. Help improve local history on Wikipedia.
 * The following Saturday, June 21, is the June Meetup. Dinner and drinks with Wikipedians!
 * Come on Tuesday, June 24 for the Wikipedia in Your Library edit-a-thon at GWU on local and LGBT history.
 * Last but not least, on Sunday, June 29 we have the Phillips Collection Edit-a-Thon in honor of the Made in America exhibit.

Wikipedia is better with friends, so why not come out to an event?

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 01:41, 31 May 2014 (UTC)

The Great American Wiknic and other events in July

I am pleased to announce our fourth annual picnic, the Great American Wiknic, will take place at Meridian Hill Park in Washington, D.C. on Sunday, July 13 from 1 to 5 PM (rain date: July 20). We will be hanging out by the statue of Dante Alighieri, a statue that was donated to the park in 1921 as a tribute to Italian Americans. Read more about the statue on Wikipedia. If you would like to sign up for the picnic, you can do so here. When signing up, say what you’re going to bring!

July will also feature the second annual Great American Wiknic in Frederick, Maryland. This year’s Frederick picnic will take place on Sunday, July 6 at Baker Park. Sign up here for the Frederick picnic.

What else is going on in July? We have the American Chemical Society Edit-a-Thon on Saturday, July 12, dedicated to notable chemists, and our monthly WikiSalon on Wednesday, July 16.

We hope to see you at our upcoming events!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 21:22, 30 June 2014 (UTC)

Battle of Fort Stevens Edit-a-Thon!

Greetings!

Sorry for the last minute update, but our friends at the DC Historical Society have scheduled a Battle of Fort Stevens Edit-a-Thon to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Civil War battle fought in the District. The event will last from noon to 2 PM on Wednesday, July 30. Hope you can make it!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 21:17, 23 July 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia and YOUR History: Taking Control of the Internet
Come one and come all. To a presentation at the Laurel Historical Society about how you can help verify, validate, and edit the information that is on the front line of local history.
 * Show the Internet who is the better editor.
 * Be the creator of culture that you know you are.
 * Spread the knowledge of noteworthy people who no one but you cares about.
 * Lead the charge to a better Wikipedia --- eventually.

Geraldshields11 (talk) 02:08, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia and YOUR History: Taking Control of the Internet
See you at the Laurel Pool Room, 9th and Main Street, Laurel, MD on Thursday, September 11, 2014 at 7:00 PM EST. See http://www.meetup.com/Wikimedia-DC/events/205494212/ for more information. Geraldshields11 (talk) 02:13, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

Wikimedia DC invites revolutionaries, free thinkers, and other sundry editors to a DC WikiSalon
The WikiSalon is a special meetup usually held during the first and third full weeks of every month, from 7 PM to 9 PM. It's an informal gathering of Wikimedia enthusiasts, who come together to discuss Wikimedia wikis and collaboratively edit. There's no set agenda, and guests are welcome to recommend articles for the group to edit or edit on their own.

If you're coming by Metro, the closest station is Dupont Circle (on the Red Line). If you're driving, a lot of parking opens up downtown after 6:30 PM, so finding a parking space (even a free one) should be easy. Once you've found the building, go to Cove on the second floor. We will be in the conference room. When: Wednesday, September 17, 2014 at 7:00 PM to 9:00 PM

Where: The Cove, Dupont Circle, 1730 Connecticut Avenue NW, 2nd floor, 20009, DC

For more information, see http://www.meetup.com/Wikimedia-DC/events/205500822/

My best regards, Geraldshields11 (talk) 02:26, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

Wikimedia DC's Wonderful meetups
Wikimedia DC's Upcoming meetups My best regards, Geraldshields11 (talk) 22:50, 6 September 2014 (UTC)
 * Thursday, September 11: “Wikipedia and YOUR History: Taking Control of the Internet, One Article at a Time!”
 * A presentation at the Laurel Historical Society about how you can help verify, validate, and edit the information that is on the front line of local history. Laurel Pool Room, 9th and Main Street in Laurel, MD. 7 PM.
 * Wednesday, September 17: WikiSalon
 * Come for the pizza, stay for the conversation. 7 PM – 9 PM
 * Saturday, September 20: September Meetup
 * Get dinner and drinks with fellow Wikipedians! 6 PM
 * Sunday, September 21: Laurel History Edit-a-Thon
 * Local history for Wikipedia! 10:15 AM – 4 PM
 * Saturday, September 27 – Sunday, September 28: Please RSVP for the Open Government WikiHack at Eventbrite by clicking on the link. The National Archives and Records Administration and Wikimedia DC are teaming up to come up with solutions that help integrate government data into Wikipedia. 10:30 AM – 5 PM each day

The wonderful annual meeting! And more!

Hello, fellow Wikipedian!

I am excited to announce our upcoming Annual Meeting at the National Archives! We'll have free lunch, an introduction by Archivist of the United States David Ferriero, and a discussion featuring Ed Summers, the creator of CongressEdits. Join your fellow DC-area Wikipedians on Saturday, October 18 from 12 to 4:30 PM. RSVP today!

Also coming up we have the Human Origins edit-a-thon on October 17 and the WikiSalon on October 22. Hope to see you at our upcoming events!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 21:20, 5 October 2014 (UTC)

End-of-the-year meetups

Hello,

You're invited to the end-of-the-year meetup at Busboys and Poets on Sunday, December 14 at 6 PM. There is Wi-Fi, so bring your computer if you want!

You are also invited to our WikiSalon on Thursday, December 18 at 7 PM.

Hope to see you at our upcoming events!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 02:22, 8 December 2014 (UTC)

Museum hacks and museum edits
 Hello there!

Upcoming events:

 * February 6–8: The third annual ArtBytes Hackathon at the Walters Art Museum! This year Wikimedia DC is partnering with the Walters for a hack-a-thon at the intersection of art and technology, and I would like to see Wikimedia well represented.
 * February 11: The monthly WikiSalon, same place as usual. RSVP on Meetup or just show up!
 * February 15: Wiki Loves Small Museums in Ocean City. Mary Mark Ockerbloom, with support from Wikimedia DC, will be leading a workshop at the Small Museum Association Conference on how they can contribute to Wikipedia. Tons of representatives from GLAM institutions will be present, and we are looking for volunteers. If you would like to help out, check out "Information for Volunteers".

I am also pleased to announce events for Wikimedia DC Black History Month with Howard University and NPR. Details on those events soon.

If you have any questions or have any requests, please email me at james.hare@undefinedwikimediadc.org.

See you there! – James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 03:12, 2 February 2015 (UTC)

Wikimedia DC celebrates Black History Month, and more!
 Hello again!

Not even a week ago I sent out a message talking about upcoming events in DC. Guess what? There are more events coming up in February.

First, as a reminder, there is a WikiSalon on February 11 (RSVP here or just show up) and Wiki Loves Small Museums at the Small Museum Association Conference on February 15 (more information here).

Now, I am very pleased to announce:

 * Tuesday, February 17 from 10 AM to 3 PM there will be #WikiTurgy at the University of Maryland. Join fellow theatre enthusiasts for a “mass act of public dramaturgy!”
 * Thursday, February 19 from 10 AM to 4 PM we are hosting the Howard University Black History Edit-a-Thon. We are working in partnership with the Moorland-Spingarn Research Center to improve Wikipedia’s coverage of African-American and African diasporic history.
 * Tuesday, February 24 from 6 PM to 8 PM we have the Black History Month “First Edit” at NPR. Help improve Wikipedia and help others make their first edit to Wikipedia!
 * Finally, our monthly dinner meetup is on Saturday, February 28.

There is going to be a lot going on, and I hope you can come to some of the events!

If you have any questions or need any special accommodations, please let me know.

Regards,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 18:19, 7 February 2015 (UTC)

Editing for Women's History in March
 Hello,

I am very excited to announce this month’s events, focused on Women’s History Month:

 * Sunday, March 8: Women in the Arts 2015 Edit-a-thon – 10 AM to 4 PM
 * Women in the Arts and ArtAndFeminism Wikipedia Edit-a-thon at the National Museum of Women in the Arts. Free coffee and lunch served!
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup
 * Wednesday, March 11: March WikiSalon – 7 PM to 9 PM
 * An evening gathering with free-flowing conversation and free pizza.
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup (or just show up!)
 * Friday, March 13: NIH Women's History Month Edit-a-Thon – 9 AM to 4 PM
 * In honor of Women’s History Month, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is organizing and hosting an edit-a-thon to improve coverage of women in science in Wikipedia. Free coffee and lunch served!
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup
 * Saturday, March 21: Women in STEM Edit-a-Thon at DCPL – 12 PM
 * Celebrate Women's History Month by building, editing, and expanding articles about women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields during DC Public Library's first full-day edit-a-thon.
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup
 * Friday, March 27: She Blinded Me with Science, Part III – 10 AM to 4 PM
 * Smithsonian Institution Archives Groundbreaking Women in Science Wikipedia Edit-a-thon. Free lunch courtesy of Wikimedia DC!
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup
 * Saturday, March 28: March Dinner Meetup – 6 PM
 * Dinner and drinks with your fellow Wikipedians!
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup

Hope you can make it to an event! If you have any questions or require any special accommodations, please let me know.

Thanks,

James Hare

To unsubscribe from this newsletter, remove your name from this list. 02:24, 2 March 2015 (UTC)

Upcoming attractions in DC
 Hello!

Here are some upcoming DC meetups in April and May:

 * Tuesday, April 14: National Archives Hackathon on Wikipedia Space with American University – 2:30-5pm
 * See the latest work on the Wikipedia Space exhibit in the new NARA Innovation Hub and brainstorm on new ideas for a public exhibit about Wikipedia
 * Friday, April 17: Women in Tech Edit-a-thon with Tech LadyMafia – 5-9pm
 * Team up with Tech LadyMafia to improve Wikipedia content on women in the history of technology.
 * Saturday, April 25: April Dinner Meetup – 6 PM
 * Dinner and drinks with your fellow Wikipedians!
 * Friday, May 1: International Labour Day Edit-a-Thon – 1:30 PM to 4:30 PM
 * An edit-a-thon at the University of Maryland

Hope to see you at these events! If you have any questions or require any special accommodations, please let me know.

Cheers,

James Hare To remove yourself from this mailing list, remove your name from this list. 22:16, 13 April 2015 (UTC)

February events and meetups in DC
Greetings from  Wikimedia DC !

February is shaping up to be a record-breaking month for us, with nine scheduled edit-a-thons and several other events:
 * On Friday, February 12, NPR will host a Black History Month First Edit event.
 * On Saturday, February 13 and Sunday, February 14, we're working with the Wiki Education Foundation to hold a series of four edit-a-thons at the AAAS 2016 Annual Meeting.
 * On Tuesday, February 16, we're holding the Smithsonian American Art Museum and American University WikiWorkshop with Professor Andrew Lih's class.
 * On Saturday, February 20, the Smithsonian American Art Museum will host the African American Artists Edit-a-Thon.
 * On Friday, February 26, Howard University will host its second annual Black History Month Edit-a-Thon.
 * On Saturday, February 27, we have three different events. In the morning, we're holding an Accessibility Edit-a-Thon at Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library.  In the afternoon, we'll host our second February WikiSalon at Cove Dupont Circle, followed by our monthly dinner meetup at Vapiano.

We hope to see you at one—or all—of these events!

Do you have an idea for a future event? Please write to us at [mailto:info@wikimediadc.org info@wikimediadc.org] !

Kirill Lokshin (talk) 16:41, 10 February 2016 (UTC)

''You're receiving this message because you signed up for updates about DC meetups. To unsubscribe, please remove your name from the list.''

March events and meetups in DC
Greetings from  Wikimedia DC !

Looking for something to do in DC in March? We have a series of great events planned for the month:
 * On Wednesday, March 9, we'll host our first March WikiSalon at Cove Dupont Circle.
 * On Friday, March 11, the National Archives will host the Women in the Civil War Edit-a-Thon.
 * On Saturday, March 19, the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian will host the Color History with the Smithsonian! event, and we'll hold our second Accessibility Edit-a-Thon at the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library.
 * On Sunday, March 20, the American Chemical Society will host the Computers in Chemistry Edit-a-Thon.
 * On Saturday, March 26, we'll host our second March WikiSalon at Cove Dupont Circle, followed by our monthly dinner meetup at Vapiano.

Can't make it to an event? Most of our edit-a-thons allow virtual participation; see the guide for more details.

Do you have an idea for a future event? Please write to us at [mailto:info@wikimediadc.org info@wikimediadc.org] !

Kirill Lokshin (talk) 16:30, 6 March 2016 (UTC)

''You're receiving this message because you signed up for updates about DC meetups. To unsubscribe, please remove your name from the list.''

title: User talk:Valfarly


text: Category:French styles of music

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:French styles of music


text:
Sud Airlines

Sud Airlines was a charter airline based in Marseille, France. It operated charter and vacation flights to Asia and the Caribbean. The airline ceased operations in July 2008.

Fleet

 * 1 McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30

title: Sud Airlines


text:
Gherao

Gherao, meaning "encirclement", is a word which denotes a tactic used by labour activists and union leaders in India; it is similar to picketing. Usually, a group of people would surround a politician or a government building until their demands are met, or answers given. This principle was introduced as a formal means of protest in the labour sector by Subodh Banerjee, the PWD and Labor Minister in the 1967 and 1969 United Front Governments of West Bengal, respectively.

Owing to its popularity, the word “gherao” was added to the Concise Oxford English Dictionary in 2004. Page 598 has the entry: “Gherao: n (pl. gheraos). Indian; a protest in which workers prevent employers leaving a place of work until demands are met; Origin: From Hindi” and Subodh Banerjee was referred to as the Gherao minister.

Gherao was being used by farmers against government buildings in the 2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest.

title: Gherao


text:
Talk:Gramm (record label)

Untitled
I put all releases of Gramm because they are not so many. Notice that some Websites like this (click here) provide a table with Gramm discography, but they make egregious mistakes. The table I provide here is the most accurate. However, there are lots of releases from which little is known. I put “???” on the gaps that should be completed. Something that might be strange is the catalogue number of Þeyr’s EP Lunaire, since it was released in 1982 with a cat #2 but Purrkur Pillnikk’s Ekki Enn has is #3 and was released in 1981… as the first EP (Tilf). There is no mistake here, but I don’t have a coherent explanation. Some other sites say that Lunaire was released in 1983, but I’m not sure, because that would put it beyond its current location. Þeyr disbanded by mid 1983. Luis María Benítez 22:54, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I had to remove the discography of Þeyr because I know their only release through Gramm was Lunaire. The information about record labels from Internet sources may lead to confusion. The best way is looking at the album covers and see the name of the label... yes, I know: who has any of these records? Not too many, but I know of people who own original copies and I have been doing an extensive research, so I know that I'm right. Regards, Luis María Benítez 13:48, 11 March 2006 (UTC)

Vragebugten 18:00, 14 March 2006 (UTC) I wont argue with the removal of Þeyr, but I will argue about Gramm 2:) I have made scans of the Dirty Dan Project single, you'll find them here: http://www.hanshan.org/musikk/nedlasting.html. It is cleary marked with "Gramm 2" on the backcover and on the label on the record itself. I also have Lunaire and it is marked with "gramm" on the frontcover, and the catalogue number "GM 2 A^" and "GM 2 B^" scratched on the record itself, nothing on the sleeve or label. My other evidence is the list of GRAMM records that I have already refered to. I will make that available as well!

83.109.15.241 20:31, 14 March 2006 (UTC) I failed to draw the obvious conclusion. Lunaire is now entered with what I think is the right number GM 2.

title: Talk:Gramm (record label)


text: Category:French music history

title: Category:French music history


text: Talk:Alvarado, Veracruz

title: Talk:Alvarado, Veracruz


text:
User:Bhoberman

Hi, I'm Brian Hoberman, and I am new to Wikipedia (as of 4/17/05). I live on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, in NY, NY. My favorite activity when not online is cycling. I am active with the Five Borough Bicycle Club. I serve on the Executive Board currently as Communications Coordinator and also as a ride leader. My second favorite activity is seeing foreign, avant-garde and independent films.

Links

 * Five Borough Bicycle Club (5BBC)
 * Transportation Alternative
 * Film Society of Lincoln Center
 * Museum of the Moving Image
 * Film Forum

title: User:Bhoberman


text:
Poorwo Soedarmo

Dr Poorwo Soedarmo (1904 in Malang, East Java, Indonesia – 13 March 2003) was a nutritionist. He is regarded as the "Father of Nutrition" ("Bapak gizi") in Indonesia.

Career
Poorwo Soedarmo lived in Banten, West Jakarta, during the Japanese occupation in Indonesia and was head of its medical services until 1948. He was then expelled during the time of emerging Indonesian independence and went as a ship's doctor on the "Polodarus" (a Blue Funnel Line ship) to the Netherlands for six months and then to London in 1949. This was the turning point in his career orientation towards nutrition.

At the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, he undertook studies in malaria and the role of DDT in its control with Prof McDonald, but also developed an interest in nutrition with Professor Platt. He became aware of diseases as nutritional, such as the dermatological manifestations of kwashiorkor, which previously had not been appreciated in Indonesia.

On his return to Indonesia he set up a dietetic school with the help of Dutch dietitians who stayed on under contract in Indonesia after independence. "Akademi Gizi" was founded in 1952 and the dietetic school commenced operation in 1950.

Family life
After the death of his first wife, he married Djoeweriah (born 1920 in Jakarta), a noted Indonesian home economist. He had eight children, 21 grandchildren and four great-grandchildren. One of his sons is Professor Sumarmo Poorwo Soedarmono, adviser to the Indonesian Minister of Health.

title: Poorwo Soedarmo


text:
Roydon, Essex

Roydon is a village located in the Epping Forest district of the county of Essex, England. It is located 2 mi west of Harlow, 4 mi east of Hoddesdon and 5 mi northwest of Epping, forming part of the border with Hertfordshire.

The village lies on the Stort Navigation and River Stort. Roydon is recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Ruindune, and appears later as Reidona in c. 1130, as Reindon in 1204, and as Roindon in 1208.

The village has a village shop, sub post office, pharmacy and church. The church, St Peter's, dates from the Middle Ages and was given Grade I listed status on 20 February 1967.

Briggens House, dating back to the 18th century, was used as a forgery centre for the WW2 SOE.

Train
The village is served by Roydon railway station on the West Anglia Main Line, with trains operated by Greater Anglia linking the village to London Liverpool Street and Cambridge.

Education
The village has its own primary school, Roydon Primary School. The original school building was built in 1876.

Poplars
Roydon is known for its black poplar trees, particularly the World's End Poplar. The Roydon Countrycare Section of the Roydon Society received £3,467 from the Heritage Lottery Fund for the Black Poplar Project.

Recreation
The village is the home of the Roydon Marina Village. The 32 acre holiday complex comprises a 315 berth marina, camp site, holiday lodges, residential homes, hotel, and restaurant, Pizza and Steak. The area encompasses Roydon Mill, a three-storey, brick-built mill, built in 1906.

Angling is available in the park includes a section of the River Stort, the weir pool and a mature gravel pit. Further to the west is the 120 acre Glen Faba lake which is part of the Lee Valley Park. The name Glen Faba comes from a chalet park that was compulsorily purchased by Epping Forest District Council in the early 1970s.

Roydon has one dedicated restaurant, Franco's, and three pubs - The New Inn, The Crusader (now closed) and The White Hart.

The village hall was built in 1920, and is used by local groups.

Sport
The village's cricket team, Roydon C.C. play at the southern end of Occupation Lane. Football team Roydon F.C. are members of the Essex Olympian Football League Division One and play at Harlow Road. Formed in 1901, the club played in the Hertford & District League from soon after their formation until the 2000–01 season, when they won each of the Hertford & District League Premier Division championship and the Hertford & District League Jubilee Cup for the first time. They joined the Essex Intermediate League Division Three in 2001, and were runners-up in their first season, winning promotion to the Essex Intermediate League Division Two. They were runners-up of Division Two in 2004–05, and, because of the renaming of the league at this time, won promotion to the Essex Olympian Football League Division One. Following a successful fundraising campaign, tennis courts were built in the village in 1989.

Notable residents

 * TV entertainer Michael Barrymore; it was at a March 2001 party at his Roydon home that the death of Stuart Lubbock occurred. Lubbock, 31, was found floating in Barrymore's swimming pool.
 * Musician David Gilmour
 * Actor Ray Winstone
 * Actress Jaime Winstone
 * Physicist Sir Ralph Howard Fowler
 * Politician Lord Rushcliffe
 * Businessman Lord Sheppard

title: Roydon, Essex


text:
Final good

A final good or consumer good is a final product ready for sale that is used by the consumer to satisfy current wants or needs, unlike an intermediate good, which is used to produce other goods. A microwave oven or a bicycle is a final good.

When used in measures of national income and output, the term "final goods" includes only new goods. For example, gross domestic product (GDP) excludes items counted in an earlier year to prevent double counting based on resale of items. In that context, the economic definition of goods also includes what are commonly known as services.

Manufactured goods are goods that have been processed in any way. They are distinct from raw materials, but include both intermediate goods and final goods.

Law
There are legal definitions. For example, the United States' Consumer Product Safety Act has an extensive definition of consumer product, which begins: CONSUMER PRODUCT.--The term ‘‘consumer product’’ means any article, or component part thereof, produced or distributed (i) for sale to a consumer for use in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise, or (ii) for the personal use, consumption or enjoyment of a consumer in or around a permanent or temporary household or residence, a school, in recreation, or otherwise; but such term does not include— (A) any article which is not customarily produced or distributed for sale to, or use or consumption by, or enjoyment of, a consumer,

It then goes on to list eight additional specific exclusions and further details.

Durability
Final goods can be classified into the following categories:
 * 1) Durable goods
 * 2) Nondurable goods
 * 3) Services

Consumer durable goods usually have a significant lifespan, which tends to be at least one year, based on the guarantee or warranty period. The maximum life depends upon the durability of the product or goods. Examples include tools, cars, and boats. On the other hand, capital goods, which are tangible in nature, such as machinery or building or any other equipment that can be used in manufacturing of final product, are durable goods with limited lifespans that are determined by manufacturers before their sale. The longevity and the often-higher cost of durable goods usually cause consumers to postpone expenditures on them, which makes durables the most volatile (or cost-dependent) component of consumption.

Consumer nondurable goods are purchased for immediate use or for use very soon. Generally, the lifespan of nondurable goods is from a few minutes to up to three years: food, beverages, clothing, shoes and gasoline are examples. In everyday language, nondurable goods get consumed or "used up".

Consumer services are intangible in nature. They cannot be seen, felt or tasted by the consumer but still give satisfaction to the consumer. They are also inseparable and variable in nature: they are thus produced and consumed simultaneously. Examples are haircuts, medical treatments, auto repairs and landscaping.

Buying habits
Final goods can be classified into the following categories, which are determined by consumers' buying habits:
 * 1) Convenience goods
 * 2) Shopping goods
 * 3) Specialty goods
 * 4) Unsought goods

Convenience goods, shopping goods, and specialty goods are also known as "red goods", "yellow goods", and "orange goods", respectively, under the yellow, red and orange goods classification system.

Convenience goods
Convenience goods are regularly consumed and easily available. Generally, convenience goods come in the category of nondurable goods such as fast foods, cigarettes and tobacco with low value. Convenience goods are sold mostly by wholesalers or retailers to make them available to the consumers in goods or large volume. Convenience goods can further be divided into staple convenience consumer goods and impulse convenience consumer goods.

Staple convenience consumer goods are the basic necessities of the consumer. These goods are easily available and in large quantity: milk, bread, sugar, etc.

Impulse convenience consumer goods do not belong to the priority list of the consumer. They are purchased without any prior planning, just on the basis of the impulse: potato wafers, candies, ice creams, cold drinks, etc.

Shopping consumer goods
Shopping consumer goods are the goods which take lot of time and proper planning before making purchase decision; in this case consumer does a lot of selection and comparison based on various parameters such as cost, brand, style, comfort etc., before buying an item. Shopping goods are costlier than convenience goods and are durable in nature. Consumer goods companies usually try to set up their shops and show rooms in active shopping areas to attract customer attention and their main focus is to do much advertising and promotion to attract more customers.

Examples include clothing items, televisions, radios, footwear, home furnishings, etc.

Specialty consumer goods
Specialty goods are unique in nature; these are unusual and luxurious items available in the market. Specialty goods are mostly purchased by the upper classes of society as they are expensive in nature and difficult to afford for the middle and lower classes. Companies advertise their goods targeting the upper class. These goods do not fall under the category of necessity; rather they are purchased on the basis personal preference or desire. Brand name, uniqueness, and special features of an item are major attributes which attract customers and make them buy such products.

Examples include antiques, jewelry, wedding dresses, cars, etc.

Unsought consumer goods
Unsought goods belong to neither the necessity group of consumer goods list nor to specialty goods. They are always available in the market but are purchased by very few consumers, either based on their interest or their need for some specific reasons. The general public does not purchase such goods often.

Examples include snowshoes, fire extinguishers, flood insurance, etc.

Mergers and acquisitions
In the consumer product sector, there have been 107,891 deals announced between 1985 and 2018, which cumulates to a total value of around US$5,835 billion. 2007 was the year with the largest value (US$4,888 billion) followed by a steep slump in 2009 (-70.9%). After the first wave in 2007, now is the second big M&A wave in the consumer products sector, and a decline is expected.

title: Final good


text:
User:Simpsnut14

Hello. I am Simpsnut14 (named after The Simpsons and my birthday, October 14). I live in a suburb of Denver, Colorado. Feel free to post any comments about my contributions or anything else on your mind to my talk page, not this page. However, if you have discovered any nifty formatting trick you want to spread to other Wikipedians, go ahead and try it out here. Have a great day.

title: User:Simpsnut14


text:
Jean-Baptiste Lagimodière

Jean-Baptiste Lagimodière (25 December 1778 in Trois-Rivières, Quebec – 7 September 1855 in Saint-Boniface, Manitoba) was a French-Canadian trapper employed in the fur trade by the Hudson's Bay Company in Rupert's Land.

Lagimodière is noted both as the grandfather of Métis leader Louis Riel, and as the husband of Marie-Anne Gaboury, the first woman of European descent to travel to and settle in western Canada. The Lagimodières were also, in 1812, the first settlers at the Red River Colony near modern Winnipeg, Manitoba.

He is portrayed by John Juliani in the 1978 film Marie-Anne. The Winnipeg section of Manitoba Highway 59, known formally as Winnipeg Route 20, in the eastern part of the city, is named Lagimodière Boulevard after him.

title: Jean-Baptiste Lagimodière


text:
The Comedy Company

The Comedy Company was an Australian sketch comedy television series that first aired from 16 February 1988 until 11 November 1990 on Network Ten. It was created and directed by cast member Ian McFadyen, and co-directed and produced by Jo Lane.

The show largely consisted of sketch comedy in short segments, much in the tradition of earlier sketch comedy shows such as The Mavis Bramston Show, The Naked Vicar Show and The D-Generation. The majority of the filming took place in Melbourne.

The show and characters had a significant effect on Australian pop culture, and had a cult following particularly with Australian youth.

History
In 1987, the Media Arts company was asked by Network Ten Australia to produce a one-hour-a-week comedy program. The Comedy Company premiered in February 1988 and within a few months, The Comedy Company became the most successful comedy program of the decade. It often rated as the highest rated weekly television program, which was particularly of note since it ran on Sunday evenings against the Nine Network's popular current affairs show 60 Minutes. Much of its success was due to it being the only family entertainment on television on a Sunday night. The Comedy Company remained the consistently highest rating weekly television program for two years.

The third and final series was titled The New Comedy Company and featured a mostly new cast, though some of the original cast also returned. This version (and by extension, the show) was cancelled within a year.

In 2002, an hour of clips from The Comedy Company was edited into a special called The Comedy Company: So Excellent, with the subtitle referencing a famed line by the Kylie Mole character.

Characters
The series launched several popular characters including Con the Fruiterer, Kylie Mole and Col'n Carpenter, who later featured in his own spin-off sitcom series.

Mark Mitchell would continue to play Con the Fruiterer, a Greek Australian greengrocer, for many years on and off television, including in an advertising campaign urging Australians to eat more fruit in 2010.

The word "bogan" was popularised by Mary-Anne Fahey's Kylie Mole character, a scowling schoolgirl who also interviewed various celebrities. Kylie Mole would also feature in the second series of the ABC series Kittson Fahey in 1993.

Glenn Robbins often did public appearances as his The Comedy Company character Uncle Arthur, and on The Panel he often referenced The Comedy Company by periodically slipping in and out of the character. He appeared in full costume as Arthur for The Panel Christmas Special in 2005.

Cast and characters

 * Mark Mitchell as Con the Fruiterer, Marika, Glenn Gelding
 * Mary-Anne Fahey as Kylie Mole, Jophesine, Sharon Maclaren
 * Ian McFadyen as David Rabbitborough
 * Glenn Robbins as Uncle Arthur/Gary Dare, Darren Maclaren
 * Kym Gyngell as Col'n Carpenter
 * Russell Gilbert as Russ the Postie
 * Tim Smith, various characters

Celebrity guests
Many well-known national and international stars appeared as guests throughout the series including: Julian Lennon, INXS, Kylie Minogue, Jason Donovan and Sigrid Thornton. Con the Fruiterer even met the then-Australian Prime Minister Bob Hawke in one episode on the show.

Merchandising
Quite a large amount of merchandise was produced for a comedy show, including the books The Comedy Company Holiday Book, My Diary by Kylie Mole, and Con's Bewdiful Australia, as well as T-shirts, dolls and music albums (see below).

DVDs
A DVD box set has been released including four DVDs with select clips from the series, the four DVDs are;
 * The Best of the Comedy Company Volume 1
 * The Best of the Comedy Company Volume 2
 * The Best of Con the Fruiterer
 * The Best of Col'n Carpenter

Logie Awards
The series won two consecutive Logie Awards (1989–1990) for Most Popular Light Entertainment/Comedy Program, while cast member Mary-Anne Fahey won a Logie Award for Most Popular Light Entertainment/Comedy Personality for her appearance on The Comedy Company in 1989.

ARIA Music Awards
The Comedy Company won one ARIA Music Award from two nominations.

 * 1989
 * The Comedy Company Album
 * rowspan="2"| Best Comedy Release
 * Won
 * 1990
 * Comedy Company Classics
 * Nominated
 * Comedy Company Classics
 * Nominated

Col'n Carpenter
Col'n Carpenter is a 1990 Australian sitcom spinoff, starring Kym Gyngell, reprising his character from The Comedy Company. It ran for two series, co-starring Stig Wemyss and featured singer Kaarin Fairfax and former Prisoner star Monica Maughan in a comedy role as Carpenter's mum.

Guest stars included Ben Mendelsohn, Abigail, Annie Jones and Tracy Mann.

Con's Bewdiful Holiday Videos
In 1997, Network 10 screened Con's Bewdiful Holiday Videos, a spin-off starring Mark Mitchell as Con the Fruiterer and his wife Marika. The show was a combination of a sitcom and funny home videos in the same vein as Australia's Funniest Home Videos.

title: The Comedy Company


text:
Talk:Nurse (band)

Untitled
I'm curious what is notable about this band. I found one reference to them on Google at this website; --Randolph 23:00, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nurse (band)


text:
Spelthorne (UK Parliament constituency)

Spelthorne is a constituency in Surrey, represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Lincoln Jopp, a Conservative. Its previous MP Kwasi Kwarteng did not stand for re-election in the 2024 United Kingdom general election.

Boundaries
1918–1945: The Urban Districts of Feltham, Hampton, Hampton Wick, Staines, Sunbury-on-Thames, and Teddington, and the Rural District of Staines.

1945–1950: The Urban Districts of Feltham, Staines, Sunbury-on-Thames, and Yiewsley and West Drayton.

1950–1955: The Urban Districts of Feltham, Staines, and Sunbury-on-Thames.

1955–1983: The Urban Districts of Staines and Sunbury-on-Thames.

1983–present: The Borough of Spelthorne (same content as above)

History of boundaries
Spelthorne was one of six hundreds of the historic county of Middlesex which covered its south west. It had thirteen historic parishes whereas the modern borough and seat has seven. The London Government Act 1963 placed the historic county in London except for two areas, one being the seven south-westernmost parishes of Spelthorne and Middlesex, placed since the commencement of the Act in April 1965 in Surrey.

From 1885 to 1918 it was in the inceptive Uxbridge seat, before which its electorate contributed to the two-seat Middlesex constituency since the 13th century creation of the House of Commons of England.

1918-1945
The seat was created by the Representation of the People Act 1918 and amounted to the larger, slightly less built-up part of the increasingly outer metropolitan Uxbridge seat which was split, in 1918, in two. It was given county seat status for unimportant logistical purposes. It amounted to the obsolete hundred plus the small west-to-east parishes in the north of Harmondsworth, Harlington and Cranford as the seat took in seven late 19th century-formed areas of local government, including the Staines Rural District. Due to the incursion into Elthorne Hundred the seat could have more accurately been named South West Middlesex.

1945-1950
For the post-war 1945 election the seat lost an eastern section: three of the historic parishes namely Hampton, Hampton Wick and Teddington to the Twickenham seat (which shifted substantially south, shedding Labour-leaning Hounslow). The seat saw a northern exchange. It gained two small parishes (one of which, Yiewsley was of modern creation) to the NNW from its parent seat. It lost the similarly small Cranford and Harlington parishes to form, with parts of the parent seat, the new seat of Southall, which the incumbent for Spelthorne went on to represent in 1950.

1950-1955
In 1950 the seat was defined by the 1948 Act as the urban districts of Feltham, Staines and Sunbury on Thames; Yiewsley and West Drayton were returned to the Uxbridge seat.

1955 onwards
In the 1955 redistribution Feltham became the southwest of the new Feltham seat. Since 1955 the seat has comprised the former urban districts of Staines and Sunbury-on-Thames, added in local government to Surrey in 1965, and merged in 1974 to form in local government the Borough of Spelthorne.

The seat was categorised as a borough constituency from the February 1974 general election and for that election unaffected in the periodic redistribution. In 1995 the small settlement of Poyle, transferred from Buckinghamshire to the area in 1974 and long part of the possessions of Stanwell in Middlesex, was transferred to the Borough of Slough.

The Boundary Commission recommended no changes to this seat in their fully implemented Fifth Review for the 2010 election, nor in the draft 2018 Sixth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies.

Constituency profile
The seat is south of Heathrow Airport bounded by a long meander of the Thames. It is a more built-up area with numerous but less expansive green spaces, fewer private roads and little woodland compared to further south in Surrey. Some 30% is embanked reservoir or low-lying flood plain therefore immune against building. Contrasting with these large areas of fresh water, Surrey County Council have built a waste incinerator in Charlton in the seat and the 1970s saw the construction of the M3 and M25 motorways through the seat, the latter along its western border.

While relative to the county as a whole this borough is marginally less affluent, in national terms it is more affluent. Workless claimants (registered jobseekers) were in November 2012 significantly lower than the national average of 3.8%, at 2.0% of the population based on a statistical compilation by The Guardian, only 0.3% higher than the affluent neighbouring constituency of Twickenham in London. Most residents can afford to buy their own homes: social housing accounts for only 10% of the total, and the proportion of professionals and managerial workers is high. Spelthorne has Labour's highest vote share of the eleven seats (30.5%) in the modern reduced definition of Surrey, where Stanwell is as at 2024 the only County Council division (seat) held by a Labour councillor. Stanwell in common with Sunbury Common has significant social housing.

Spelthorne exceeds the average quota of commercial property of Surrey's seats — it contains about 20% of the county's commercial/industrial property, including large plants or wholesale units of Complete Cover Group, Kingston Technology, Edmundson Electrical, Esso Petroleum, Johnson & Johnson Vision Products, Thames Water, Shepperton Film Studios, wholesalers and storage companies. Major offices/creative facilities of BP (its global HQ), Del Monte, NatWest, Samsung, Richmond Film Services and film/television ancillary businesses are in the constituency.

During the 2016 referendum on the UK's EU membership, the majority of voters in the area voted in favour of exiting the European Union. This was the preferred outcome of Spelthorne MP Kwasi Kwarteng.

History of results
The 1918 to 1945 broadest, initial version of the parliamentary division saw no marginal majorities and can be squarely analysed as a Conservative safe seat based on length of party tenure and size of majorities.

In the 1945 general election George Pargiter (Lab) was elected in the Attlee Ministry landslide while the boundaries of the seat saw a favourable form to the party during expansion of London when the area extended to areas to the north, including Feltham and Bedfont (removed in 1955 — see Feltham and Heston) and had cast off Hampton, Hampton Wick and Teddington, before 1945 part of the seat.

Since the 1955 boundary reduction and a local emphasis or demand upon private housing relative to social housing, the reduced area has eight Conservative candidate majorities of greater than 11% and three lower majorities: 1966, 1997 and 2001. The earliest of these produced the narrowest margin of victory, 5% of the vote. Based on length of party tenure and majorities the seat would be considered safe by most UK electoral analysts including of academic standing.

Members of Parliament
The constituency's first MP was Philip Pilditch, an architect who piloted the Ancient Monuments Act 1931 through Parliament: see Scheduled Monument. The most recent MP for Spelthorne (prior to the 2024 election) was the former Chancellor, Kwasi Kwarteng (first elected in 2010).

Uxbridge prior to 1918

Elections in the 1950s
Boundary changes

title: Spelthorne (UK Parliament constituency)


text:
Aero-Dienst

Aero-Dienst GmbH & Co. KG is a German charter airline operating business jet and air ambulance flights out of Nuremberg Airport.

History
The company was founded in 1958 by the companies "Diehl" and "Faun", initially operating several jet and propeller aircraft and helicopters. Since 1998, Aero-Dienst has operated air ambulance services on behalf of ADAC. It is one of the oldest commercial airlines in Germany that still operates under its original name.

Fleet
As of November 2018, Aero-Dienst operates the following aircraft for its charter and ambulance services:

 * 1 Beechcraft King Air 350
 * 1 Bombardier Challenger 300
 * 1 Bombardier Challenger 604
 * 2 Dornier 328JET (as of August 2019)
 * 1 Learjet 45
 * 2 Learjet 60

Accidents and incidents
On 7 June 1993, an Aero-Dienst Learjet 35A (registered D-COCO) crashed shortly after takeoff from Cologne Bonn Airport on a chartered flight to Nuremberg, killing the two passengers and two crew members on board.

title: Aero-Dienst


text:
Catholic Boy Scouts of Ireland

The Catholic Boy Scouts of Ireland (CBSI; Gasóga Caitliceacha na hÉireann ) was an Irish Catholic Scouting organisation active from 1927 until 2004, when it formed Scouting Ireland by merging with the former Scout Association of Ireland (SAI), a non-denominational Scout organisation. The CBSI changed its name to "Catholic Scouts of Ireland" (CSI) when it admitted girls and to "Scouting Ireland (CSI)" in the run-up to the foundation of Scouting Ireland. It was active in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.

History
Scouting in Ireland traces its roots to 1908 and the founding of the Scout Association of Ireland. As it was then part of the United Kingdom, and later the British Commonwealth, the SAI was affiliated to its British counterpart, the Scout Association, sharing a common Chief Scout in Robert Baden-Powell.

In 1925 and 1926, Father Ernest Farrell, a curate in Greystones, County Wicklow began working with a youth programme loosely modelled on the Scout method. Under the pen-name "Sagart", he wrote a series of articles in Our Boys, a magazine published by the Christian Brothers, advocating the formation of an official Catholic Scout organisation. This initial group, while more in line with the methods of the Boys' Brigade was viewed as an effective means of imprinting a Catholic ethos on the young men of Ireland. Father Farrell's brother, Father Tom Farrell, a curate in the Pro-Cathedral gave this fledgeling association the backing of the church and its resources. In 1927 the Catholic Boy Scouts of Ireland was officially founded, with a constitution drawn up and a headquarters from which the association could be organised, clothed and supplied.

At an early stage John O'Neill, a motor works proprietor and former member of Seanad Éireann who had been associated with Fr. Ernest's Greystones venture, became Chief Scout. A "national committee", the forerunner of the National Executive Board, was set up. Fr. Tom kept up constant contact with the hierarchy of the Catholic Church, and with the Dominicans, Franciscans, Carmelites, Passionists, Jesuits, Capuchins and other religious houses, all of which sponsored CBSI troops in Dublin at a very early period.

Scouts assisted during the 1929 Catholic Emancipation Celebrations in Dublin, directing traffic and treating injured people. They also assisted during the 1932 Eucharistic Congress Celebrations. 1,500 Scouts came to a general camp in Terenure for the week. Some five hundred Scouts assisted in the preparations for the arrival of the Cardinal Legate, for his reception at the Pro-Cathedral and at the garden party held in Blackrock College. Stewarding was undertaken by teams of Scouts at the mass meeting in the Phoenix Park, and first-aid posts were also manned by trained Scouts. On the final Sunday 400 Scouts acted as guards at the High Altar in the Park and at O'Connell Bridge.

In 1934, led by Cardinal MacRory, Bishop Patrick Collier and the members of the Executive Board, a pilgrimage was organised to Rome in celebration of the Holy Year. 1200 Scouts sailed from Dublin aboard the liner RMS Lancastria. They were received in audience by Pope Pius XI, who inspected missionary outfits presented by the Scouts, examined the Troop Colours, and blessed a copy of the Scout Constitution. During the trip Sir Martin Melvin, owner of the English Catholic newspaper, The Universe, presented a trophy, subsequently named in his honour, aboard the S.S. Lancastria. This trophy was presented each year to the winners of the National Scout Campcraft Competition, the Melvin, which was held each August. Teams of 8 Scouts would compete in a range of different Scout activities. The last competition was held in 2003 at Mount Melleray Abbey in Waterford.

In 1965, the CBSI formed the Federation of Irish Scout Associations with the WOSM recognised Scout Association of Ireland. This allowed both associations access to the recognition and resources available through the world association. All Scouts in Ireland were thereafter able to play an active role in International Scouting.

In 1967, to celebrate its 40th birthday, the association held a National Camp at Lismore County Waterford attended by 3,500 Scouts. The Association's Golden Jubilee Year was marked in 1977 by events throughout the country, culminating in an International camp held in the grounds of Mount Melleray Abbey, Cappoquin, County Waterford.

A Jamboree, Portumna '85 was organised in 1985 by all Scouting Associations in Ireland (CBSI, SAI, and NISC) through the Federation of Irish Scout Associations. It was held in Portumna, County Galway to celebrate International Youth Year.

Jamborees were also subsequently held at Gosford Park, Gosford '89 in 1989 and Ballyfin in 1993.

In 1998, both the CBSI and the SAI voted to begin discussions to form a single, unified association. When, on 11 May 2003, the National Council of the association voted to form a single body with the second-largest Scout association on the island, it was a major departure in Irish Scouting. While close ties were always maintained with Scouting Ireland S.A.I., a divided approach to promoting Scouting was seen as a substantial impediment to the growth of the movement in Ireland. Its National Headquarters was at Larch Hill.

The CBSI ceased operations in 2003, allowing for the formation of Scouting Ireland.

In May 2020, it was revealed that prior to the 2004 merger with the SAI which formed Scouting Ireland, Catholic Boy Scouts of Ireland covered up sex abuse committed by people who served in the organization. In a period spanning decades, both the CBSI and SAI shielded 275 known or suspected predators who abused children after becoming aware of the reported acts of abuse. Scouting Ireland backed the findings of the report and issued an apology.

Chief Scouts

 * 1927–1930: Senator John O'Neill – The first Chief Scout of the Catholic Boy Scouts of Ireland served for over three decades.
 * 1930–1962: Professor Joseph B. Whelehan – He arranged the purchase of the estate at Larch Hill which became the National Campsite and Headquarters after the move from Herbert Place.
 * 1962–1970: Christopher J. "Kit" Murphy
 * 1970–1974: Brig-Gen Patrick D. Hogan
 * 1974–1980: James D. Hally – He was a member of the Scout Foundation, the trust company for the properties of Scouting Ireland and the curator of the Scout Museum at Mount Melleray Abbey Scout Centre until his death in 2005.
 * 1980–1986: Joseph Lawlor – Joined Catholic Boy Scouts of Ireland within the 80th Coolock/Artane (St. Brendans) as Scout Master, Presided over the CBSI/SAI/SANI Jamboree hosted at Ballyfin, County Laois in 1993. Became Director of The National Scout Show from 1986 to 1992, and Director of The National Scout Show from 1998 to 2006. Alleged sex abuser.
 * 1986–1992: Paul Ring – Joined Catholic Boy Scouts within the 66ú (Naomh Eoin Baiste, Cluain Tarbh) Unit as a Cub Scout, then became Cub Scout leader, area commissioner, Regional Commissioner, and then Chief Scout.
 * 1992–1998: Joseph Lawlor - probation officer alleged to have abused children
 * 1998–2004: Peter Dixon

title: Catholic Boy Scouts of Ireland


text:
Multi-stage fitness test

The multi-stage fitness test (MSFT), also known as the beep test, bleep test, PACER test (progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run), or the 20m shuttle run test, is a running test used to estimate an athlete's aerobic capacity (VO2 max).

The test requires participants to run 20 meters back and forth across a marked track keeping time with beeps. Every minute or so, the next level commences: the time between beeps gets shorter; participants must run faster. If a participant fails to reach the relevant marker in time, they are cautioned. A second caution ends the test for that runner. The number of shuttles completed is recorded as the score of that runner. The score is recorded in Level.Shuttles format (e.g. 9.5). The maximum laps on the PACER test is 247, which former Central Middle School student Dennis Mejia achieved, the only person to ever reach such a level.

The test is used by sporting organizations around the world along with schools, the military, and others interested in gauging cardiovascular endurance, an important component of overall physical fitness. The multi-stage fitness test is also part of most health-related fitness test batteries for children and adolescents, such as Eurofit, Alpha-fit, FitnessGram and ASSOFTB.

The multi-stage fitness test was first described by Luc Léger with the original 1-minute protocol, which starts at a speed of 8.5 km/h, and increases by 0.5 km/h each minute. Other variations of the test have also been developed, where the protocol starts at a speed of 8.0 km/h and with either 1 or 2-minute stages, but the original protocol is nevertheless recommended. The test appears to encourage maximal effort by children. Additionally, the test's prediction of aerobic capacity is valid for most individuals, including those who are overweight or obese.

Procedure

Prior to the test commencing, runners line up at the 0m marker, facing the 20m marker. Following a countdown, a double beep or voice cue signals the start.

 * 1) Runners commence running towards the 20m marker
 * 2) At or before the following beep, runners must reach the 20m marker. Touching with a single foot is acceptable
 * 3) At or after, but not before, the same beep, runners commence running back to the 0m marker
 * 4) At or before the next beep, runners must reach the 0m marker
 * 5) At or after, but not before, the same beep, runners start the next circuit (i.e. back to Step 1)

Every minute or so, the level changes. This is signaled, usually, by a double beep or, possibly, a voice cue. The required speed at the new speed level will be 0.5 km/h faster.

Notes: The distance between the "start" and "turn around" markers is usually 20m; however, the test can also be carried out using a 15m track. Shuttle completion times are modified in proportion.

Leger specified a 1-minute protocol: that is, each level was meant to last approximately 1 minute. However, because speed changes mid-shuttle confuses matters, the algorithm for a change in level is as follows: "the next level commences on completion of the current shuttle when the absolute difference between the time spent at the level and 60 seconds is the least".

Scoring
A runner who fails to reach the relevant marker in time is cautioned; if they want to continue, they must touch the marker before turning back. Two consecutive failures terminates their attempt. Their most recent completed shuttle is marked as their score.

Scoring is usually done using "Level.Shuttle" terminology; for example, 10.2, which means "completed 2 shuttles at level 10".

Estimating VO2 max
VO2 max, or milliliters of oxygen per kilogram of body mass per minute (e.g., mL/(kg·min)), is considered an excellent proxy for aerobic fitness. Attempts have been made to correlate MSFT scores with VO2 max. Do note that such estimations are fraught with difficulty as test scores, while substantially dependent on VO2 max, also depend on running efficiency, test familiarity, anaerobic capacity, personal drive, ambient temperature, running equipment (floor, shoes) and other factors.

A paper by Flouris, et al. (2005) determined the following:

$$VO_2 \max = (\text{maximal attained speed}_{\text{in} \ \text{km/h}} \times 6.55 - 35.8)$$

An earlier paper by Ramsbottom, et al. (1988) suggested the following:

$$VO_2 \max = 14.4 + (\text{Level} \times 3.48)$$

Variations
Luc Léger, the originator of the multi-stage fitness test, never did patent it. Consequently, organizations around the world have been able to incorporate subtle variations into the test. The most common variations are:

First level at 8.0 km/h
The Léger test requires the first level to be run at 8.5 km/h. Some organizations require it to be run at 8.0 km/h. Note that the second level is always run at 9.0 km/h. Also, speeds at subsequent levels always increment by 0.5 km/h. The impact of this variation is insignificant as almost all runners' scores easily exceed level 1.

Time spent at each level
All versions of the test evaluate for a change of level only on completion of shuttles. The Léger test's algorithm requires that each level lasts approximately 60 seconds. This means the next level commences when the absolute difference between the time spent at the level and 60 seconds is least. Put simply, some levels may run for a trifle less than 60 seconds, others a little more than 60 seconds and the odd one exactly 60 seconds. On the other hand, a few non-Léger versions of the test trigger a level change only when the time spent at a level first exceeds 60 seconds. This variation results in one extra shuttle being run at some levels.

In practice, since the speed change at a new level (rather than an extra lap) is most likely to trigger "failure", this variation also has an insignificant change on one's achievable score.

Scoring starts from zero
Scoring of the Léger test starts from 1. That is, at the end of the very first shuttle, the participant has scored 1.1. A variation has scoring starting from 0; at the end of the first shuttle, the runner has achieved 0.1. The impact of this variation is purely administrative: just add or subtract 1 level to convert scores.

Participation
The Guinness World Record for the largest group beep test is held by Army Foundation College, in Harrogate, North Yorkshire; 941 people took part.

In popular culture
The introductory explanation of one multi-stage fitness test, the FitnessGram PACER test, has been widely spread as a copypasta, meme, and through other comedic ways due to the test's modern use in schools, primarily in physical education classes.

title: Multi-stage fitness test


text:
Ioveta

Ioveta (c. 1120 – 6 September 1178) was a Latin princess from the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. Her name appears in various other forms, including Joveta, Yveta, Yvette, Ivetta, and Juditta. She headed the Convent of Saint Lazarus in Bethany, the richest abbey in the kingdom, from the late 1130s or early 1140s until her death.

Ioveta was the youngest of the four daughters of King Baldwin II and Queen Morphia. After Baldwin's capture and release from Muslim captivity in 1124, the four-year-old princess was handed over by her family as a hostage in his place until he paid his ransom the following year. In the late 1120s she was sent to live at the Convent of Saint Anne in Jerusalem, and became a nun there in c. 1134. Her sister Queen Melisende had a new abbey constructed in Bethany so that Ioveta could be an abbess. As abbess, Ioveta dealt with other religious communities both within and outside the kingdom. She retained close links to her family, and was the guardian of her grandniece Sibylla when the girl was thought likely to succeed to the throne. Despite the secular and spiritual authority she wielded, Ioveta remains an elusive figure in crusader scholarship.

Family and captivity
Ioveta was the fourth and youngest daughter of Baldwin II of Jerusalem and the Armenian noblewoman Morphia of Melitene. Her older sisters—Melisende, Alice, and Hodierna—were born while their father, a Frankish nobleman, was the count of Edessa. Ioveta was his only child "born in the purple", that is, born to him after he had become king of Jerusalem in 1118. Her name appears in royal charters in various other forms, including Joveta, Yvette, Ivetta, and Juditta. Both the County of Edessa and the Kingdom of Jerusalem were crusader states, carved out among Muslim-ruled principalities of the Levant by Catholic noblemen from Western Europe. While defending Edessa from Muslim attacks, Baldwin was captured by Belek Ghazi in 1122 and, after Belek's death, passed into the custody of Husam al-Din Timurtash. Queen Morphia negotiated the terms of the king's release. Per Muslim custom, hostages had to be provided as security until a ransom had been paid in full. Ioveta and ten other highborn children were thus sent to take her father's place in Muslim captivity. Joscelin, the son of Count Joscelin I of Edessa, who had succeeded Baldwin as ruler of the northern-most crusader state, was among the children who accompanied Ioveta, but nothing is known about the rest. Ioveta and the other children were turned over to Sultan Shah ibn Radwan in mid-1124 at Shaizar. There they met with King Baldwin, who was then released.

Queen Morphia's decision to include Ioveta among the hostages sent to Timurtash suggests that the young princess was expected to be well treated, which was "an established tradition within Islam". Nevertheless, for a child of four or five, this experience was likely traumatizing. One source, the 13th-century Chronicle of Ernoul, tells that Ioveta was sexually molested by her captors. Contemporary chroniclers do not mention any such incident. In modern historiography, Ernoul's chronicle is often seen not as an accurate representation of events in the Latin East but as propaganda intended to spur Europeans to assist in the crusades for the Holy Land. Sultan Shah ibn Radwan, eager to maintain good relations with neighboring rulers, released Ioveta and the other children when Baldwin returned to Shaizar with his ransom in March 1125.

Youth at St Anne's
In the late 1120s, Baldwin started arranging the marriages of his daughters and settling the succession to the throne. In 1126, Alice was married off to Prince Bohemond II of Antioch, while Hodierna was betrothed to Count Raymond II of Tripoli. Since the king had no son, the eldest daughter, Melisende, was designated to succeed him, and was married to Fulk of Anjou in 1129. The only unmarried man of appropriate rank left in the Latin East was Joscelin of Edessa, with whom Ioveta had shared her captivity, but they were second cousins and so too closely related to marry. Ioveta's mother, Morphia, died shortly after 1126 or 1127. It is probably at this point that Ioveta was entrusted to the care of the nuns at the Convent of Saint Anne in Jerusalem. The girl may have been sent to Saint Anne's as a child oblate. After reaching an appropriate age in c. 1134, she took vows and became a nun herself. Historians offer different explanations for Ioveta's religious profession. Yvonne Friedman, relying on Ernoul's account, believes that the rumors of sexual impropriety during her captivity rendered Ioveta unmarriageable in the eyes of her family. Historian Malcolm Barber proposes that Melisende, who had succeeded Baldwin II upon his death in 1131, may have encouraged Ioveta to become a nun out of concern that Ioveta's status as purple-born might jeopardize Melisende's claim to the throne, but concedes that there is no way to know whether the decision was Ioveta's or Melisende's. In any case, this was a common path for the younger children of royal and noble parents; it demonstrated the family's piety and connected them to religious leaders, who exhibited significant influence.

Construction at Bethany
Ioveta's sister Queen Melisende was not content with Ioveta being a mere nun; as reported by the contemporary chronicler William of Tyre, she thought it "unseemly that the daughter of a king should be subject to some other mother in the cloister, just like one of the common people". The queen and her husband, King Fulk, persuaded the Latin patriarch of Jerusalem and canons of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre to cede a church and land at Bethany, near Jerusalem, in 1138. The Convent of Saint Lazarus was erected there over the following six years.

Melisende lavishly endowed Bethany with estates, gold, silver, precious stones, and silk, making it wealthier than any other monastery or church in the kingdom. Ioveta quickly joined the new community. Because Ioveta was only about 18 in 1138, Melisende appointed an elderly abbess, Matilda, intending that Ioveta should succeed her. By 1144, Matilda had died and Ioveta had become abbess of one of the most significant abbeys in the kingdom.

Abbacy
As abbess, Ioveta enjoyed more independence than her married sisters; although a queen, princess, and countess respectively, Melisende, Alice, and Hodierna were constrained by their father, husbands, and sons. Ioveta conducted transactions with other religious communities, such as Saint Anne's, Saint Mary Major's, and Saint Mary of the Valley of Jehosaphat's, as well as with the Knights Hospitaller. She maintained contact with foreign religious communities too, sending a piece of the True Cross to the Fontevraud Abbey in France. The authority she exercised was both spiritual and secular in nature, and Ioveta was one of the rare 12th-century women (especially in the East) to use her own seal; her only contemporary to do so was her sister the queen. Even more rarely did women have themselves depicted with books on their seals as Ioveta did, presumably to emphasize her piety and erudition.

Melisende reigned jointly with her son, Baldwin III, from Fulk's death in 1143 until Baldwin deposed her in 1153. She then moved to her fief of Nablus, remaining close to Bethany and Ioveta, but remained an active and influential participant in state affairs. Reflecting Melisende's view of Ioveta's standing, Ioveta's abbey accepted exclusively noblewomen, but since there were few such candidates in the Latin East, pilgrims from Europe often supplemented their numbers. The most famous of these was Melisende's stepdaughter Countess Sibylla of Flanders, who arrived in 1157. Despite being her stepaunt, Ioveta was close to Sibylla in age. While her husband, Thierry, assisted Baldwin against Muslims, Sibylla stayed at Bethany and became so attached to Ioveta, the abbey, and the land that she decided to stay against her husband's wishes. That same year, Patriarch Fulk died. Countess Sibylla and one of King Baldwin III's aunts, either Countess Hodierna or Abbess Ioveta, intervened to secure the appointment of Amalric of Nesle to the vacant post.

Relations with family
In late 1160 or early 1161, Queen Melisende fell ill, likely having had a stroke. She suffered memory loss and was no longer able to participate in the administration of the kingdom. Hodierna and Ioveta nursed her for several months until she died on 11 September 1161. Historian Hans Eberhard Mayer believes that Ioveta resented Melisende for committing her to a monastery life, citing Ioveta's failure to request prayers for Melisende from the nuns at Fontevraud, an argument rejected by historian Erin Jordan. Further deaths, of Countesses Hodierna and Sibylla in c. 1164 and 1165 respectively, left the abbess as the senior member of the royal family.

On 10 February 1163, King Baldwin III died too, and a younger nephew of Ioveta's, Amalric, succeeded him. King Amalric was forced to separate from his wife, Agnes of Courtenay, who soon remarried; shortly after he sent their daughter, Sibylla, to Bethany to be brought up by Ioveta. Sibylla stayed with her grandaunt for about ten years, awaiting marriage. Since Sibylla was then second in line to the throne, after the king's son, Baldwin, Jordan concludes that the royal family continued to hold Ioveta in high esteem even after Melisende's death. Baldwin IV became king upon Amalric's death in 1174, but because he had leprosy, Sibylla was expected to succeed him. As Sibylla's guardian, Ioveta occupied a position with the potential for significant authority until Sibylla left Bethany to marry William Longsword of Montferrat in 1176.

Death and legacy
Abbess Ioveta died on 6 September 1178 and was succeeded by Abbess Eva. Ioveta may have been buried in Bethany, but the abbey was destroyed shortly after Saladin's conquest of Jerusalem and offers few archaeological clues about burials; the other potential resting place is Josaphat, where Queens Morphia and Melisende and other women of the royal family were buried.

Despite their significance, all four daughters of Baldwin II remain understudied in crusader scholarship, most of all Ioveta. Ernoul's account of sexual abuse during her time as hostage is given much prominence. She is normally mentioned only in passing and traditionally described as a reluctant nun without power or much contact with her family. Historian Erin Jordan argues against such a portrayal, emphasizing Ioveta's agency and influence.

title: Ioveta


text: Template:Nations at the 2000 Summer Olympics


text:
User talk:BlikSplik

Vandalism
Greetings. I've noticed some vandalism coming from your IP address. Any further vandalism will be reverted. Please cease to continue your atrocious behavior, or your IP address will be recorded on the Vandalism in progress page. Website defacement is a crime in numerous countries, and you can rest assured that if you do not stop vandalizing pages after being warned, you will be blocked.

We've all worked hard to make Wikipedia what it is today. A study by IBM showed that the majority of vandalism on wikipedia is repaired within the next 5 minutes, so your actions are feckless, and only serve to put you at risk. If you have any questions, feel free to leave a note on my talk page.

If you decide to change your behavior, your contributions will be greatly appreciated- regardless of what your previous behavior was. -Frazzydee|✍ 23:04, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Please stop this behavior immediately, or you will be blocked. -Frazzydee|✍ 23:07, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I think that you've noticed that your vandalism has little effect. It is reverted within seconds.  This is your final warning before I block you. -Frazzydee|✍ 23:08, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Listen buddy, I think that you and I both know that what you're doing has little effect. While I admire your creativity, it's really not nice to do what you're doing. We're trying to make the sum of all human knowledge free to everybody. That's a pretty noble goal. Why don't you try to edit constructively? You can see Template:Opentask for some stuff to do. If you have any questions, feel free to leave me a message. -Frazzydee|✍ 23:13, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Please dont put completely obscene vandalism into templates. (Template:Shortcut) - Stoph 07:32, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:BlikSplik


text:
The Juniper Tree (film)

The Juniper Tree is a 1990 Icelandic medieval fantasy drama film written and directed by Nietzchka Keene. Based on the Brothers Grimm fairy tale "The Juniper Tree", the film was shot in black-and-white in a small budget in 1986. It stars Björk Guðmundsdóttir, Bryndis Petra Bragadóttir, Guðrún Gísladóttir, Valdimar Örn Flygenring and Geirlaug Sunna Þormar.

The Juniper Tree premiered at the 1991 Sundance Film Festival, where it was selected to compete for the Grand Jury Prize – Dramatic.

Plot
In Iceland, two sisters, Margit and her elder sister Katla, escape their home after their mother is stoned and burned for witchcraft. They go where no one knows them and find Jóhann, a young widower who has a son called Jónas. Katla uses magical powers to seduce Jóhann and they start living together.

Margit and Jónas become friends. However, Jónas does not accept Katla as his stepmother and tries to convince his father to leave her. Katla's magic power is too strong and even though he knows he should leave her, he can't. Margit's mother appears to her in visions and Jónas' mother appears as a raven and to bring him a magical feather. Eventually, Katla kills the boy by challenging him to jump off a cliff to prove his mother will save him. Margit figures out what her sister has done but remains silent.

One day, she hears a bird sing and thinks it is Jónas returned. She tells Jóhann this and states that her sister did not mean to kill his son. Katla runs away leaving Margit to live with Johann. Eventually, Johann also leaves and Margit is left to console herself by creating folklore-type stories about birds.

Cast

 * Björk Guðmundsdóttir as Margit
 * Bryndis Petra Bragadóttir as Katla
 * Guðrún Gísladóttir as Margit and Katla's mother
 * Valdimar Örn Flygenring as Jóhann
 * Geirlaug Sunna Þormar as Jónas

Filming
Principal photography took place in 1986 in Iceland with a low budget. It was shot in black and white to highlight its dramatic content and as a resource to place the story in the Middle Ages. Some scenes were filmed at the Reynisfjara basalt columns and the Seljalandsfoss waterfall on the south coast of Iceland.

Release
Due to financial problems, the film did not see distribution until 1990, when it competed for the Grand Jury Prize at the Sundance Film Festival. It was restored to 4K resolution by the Center for Film & Theatre Research, Wisconsin, premiering at the AFI Fest on 10 November 2018. It saw a limited theatrical release on 15 March 2019.

Critical reception
On the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 100% based on 21 reviews, with an average rating of 7.80/10. On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 86 out of 100, based on 6 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".

Glenn Kenny from The New York Times praised Keene's direction and Björk's "enchanting" performance. David Ehrlich of IndieWire gave the film "B+" and wrote "A wonderful performance from a 21-year-old Björk is one of many reasons to see Nietzchka Keene's newly restored medieval fantasy."

Home media
Rhino Home Video released the film on VHS in 1995 and on DVD in 2002.

title: The Juniper Tree (film)


text:
Moonmist

Moonmist is an interactive fiction game written by Stu Galley and Jim Lawrence and published by Infocom in 1986. The game was released simultaneously for the Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Apple II, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari ST, Commodore 64, MS-DOS, TRS-80, TI-99/4A, and Mac. It is Infocom's twenty-second game. Moonmist was re-released in Infocom's 1995 compilation The Mystery Collection, as well as the 1996 compilation Classic Text Adventure Masterpieces.

Jim Lawrence, one of the co-authors of Moonmist, ghostwrote books in the Nancy Drew and Hardy Boys series. Galley and Lawrence previously co-wrote Seastalker for Infocom.

Moonmist is the first known English language video game to feature a gay character.

Plot
The player's character is a young detective, asked by friend Tamara Lynd to investigate her new home of Tresyllian Castle in Cornwall, England. Tamara has recently become engaged to the castle's lord, Jack Tresyllian. She was very happy until she began seeing what appeared to be The White Lady, a ghost who has allegedly haunted the castle for centuries. As if seeing a ghost wasn't nerve-racking enough, she's also begun to fear for her life. Is Tamara's imagination just overly excited from living in a large old castle, or is someone really trying to kill her? And if her life is in danger, is it from a ghost or someone using it as a disguise?

Gameplay
The actual game is divided into several quests depending on the player's answer to the question "what is your favorite color?" As such, the game contains green (the easiest), blue, red, and yellow (the most difficult) quests, each with a separate criminal and treasure to locate. Interaction is made through the standard text commands typical of the genre.

The game must be completed by 6:59 am the following day or the game ends without a resolution. It is also possible to die in a few rare instances, though the focus of the game remains on exploration and deduction.

Release
The Moonmist package includes the following physical items:
 * 1) A book, The Legendary Ghosts of Cornwall written by Lady Lisbeth Norris, which includes a page dedicated to "The White Lady of Tresyllian Castle." The book has a stamp indicating it was checked out from the Festeron Town Library, the town where Wishbringer was set.
 * 2) Two letters from Tamara Lynd to the player: one explaining Tamara's engagement to Lord Jack Tresyllian and her moving to the castle, and one begging the player to investigate the "White Lady".
 * 3) An iron-on logo of the game's title.
 * 4) A Visitor's Guide to Tresyllian Castle, a tourist-type brochure providing a history and rough maps.

The official hint book for Moonmist, which was purchasable by mail order and not included with the game, is printed in invisible ink.

Reception
COMPUTE! wrote that Moonmist was a good introduction to Infocom adventures for newcomers, and an example for veterans of how their storytelling had improved from older games. However, Atari User expressed disappointment in the game's lack of depth and originality. While acknowledging that Moonmist had "deliberately been made simpler than the usual run of Infocom products", it noted that their earlier Wishbringer "was also a beginner's adventure but [..] offered yards more variety, entertainment, humour and challenge".

Macworld reviewed the Macintosh version of Moonmist, calling it "an excellent [example] of text-only interactive fiction." Macworld praises the gameplay, stating that "Moonmist succeeds in emulating the classic youth mystery novels. Its puzzles and challenges are inventive and playful, and they complement the story without requiring advanced leaps and bounds of logic ... There are four variations of Moonmist, each different enough so that repeated plays will still be enjoyable." Macworld also praises the graphics, stating that "Moonmist features excellent pen-and-ink drawings reminiscent of an old-fashioned illustrated novel." Macworld expresses that the feelies included with Moonmist contribute to the game's gothic atmosphere. Macworld however criticizes the inability to scroll back to previously seen text, stating that the game as a result requires the player to take notes.

Legacy
In 1992, about six years after the original Moonmist, a remake of the game was developed and published by Japanese software development company SystemSoft for the NEC PC-9801, entitled Moonmist: Shiroki Kifujin no Nazo (～白き貴夫人の謎～). There are differences in this enhanced remake: the game recognizes verb commands typed in kana (Japanese syllable system) or Latin alphabet. For convenience, some of the most common verb commands (Look, Take, etc.) can be accessed by pressing a corresponding button, but the player still has to type the name of an object. This remake also helps the player to interact with the environment by displaying a list of objects after the player has typed a command. Also, unlike the original, the remake contains enhanced graphics; every location has a unique background picture, on which the text is super-imposed, like in the PC-9801 version of Enchanter.

title: Moonmist


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Constance E. Cumbey

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. Mackensen (talk) 15:20, 30 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Constance E. Cumbey
Non-notable crank, vanity by the same person who keeps vandalizing the Javier Solana and has made legal threats against other Users. RickK 23:04, Apr 16, 2005 (UTC) is inserting  All actual antichrist statements came from SqueakBox, a pseudonymous Wikipedia editor. in the text, which is an attack against another user, not acceptable in an article itself, though not the first time either, --SqueakBox 02:13, Apr 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep — Not sure if she is a religious crank, but she gets hundreds of google hits and is a published author. — RJH 00:32, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Wikipedia cranks are not notable. Firebug 01:56, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Constance Cumbey is a crank, but she's a pretty well known crank. (Solana is the antichrist, indeed...) --jpgordon∇∆∇∆ 02:14, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Sufficiently notable. -- 8^D gab 03:28, 2005 Apr 17 (UTC)
 * Comment. Is lawyer Constance E. Cumbey the same person who has been making legal threats against other users over Javier Solana? Cumbey apparently is an editor on wikipedia, see User:Cumbey. If so I would be inclined to vote delete on the grounds of vanity. Megan1967 05:25, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * So would I, but I'd caution that we cannot be absolutely sure that it's her. The nature of Wikipedia is such that anybody can claim to be anybody.  While I believe that User:Cumbey most likely is the author Constance Cumbey, I'd give her the benefit of the doubt.  There's a small possibility that some crank has stolen her identity and used it on Wikipedia.  David Cannon 15:02, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * "Hidden Dangers of the Rainbow," the title of her 1983 religious tract on "our Coming Age of Barbarism", still gets 1740 Google web hits and 256 Usenet. She's definitely sufficiently notable. Keep. Samaritan 06:57, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. It's not vanity if it's created by someone else.  Check the history - someone else created this article, and the Herb Peters article, and also edited in Antichrist. If we're deleting this article, then Herb Peters article should go too. BTW, no one would have noticed it if the bonehead that created it hadn't have posted in Javier Solana.... KC9CQJ 09:24, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * If it is created by an anonymous user (as is this case), it would be hard to say that it was or wasnt created by Cumbey. Megan1967 10:53, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep I actually own one of her books (The Hidden Dangers of the Rainbow) which I thought might be worth a few good laughs....sadly, it was far too crankish for me to bother. Tim Rhymeless (Er...let's shimmy)  09:27, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Crank or not, subject is sufficiently notable.  ElBenevolente 16:16, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. According to my IP locator the anon who created this article is from Rochester New Hampshire, making it extremely unlikely to be a vanity page. Note that User:Cumbey, who clearly knows about the Vfd from her edits on the article, has not voted either way, so I don't believe it is a vanity page, --SqueakBox 16:29, Apr 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non notable. Ejrrjs | What? 21:50, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep She might be in desperate need of a good shrink, but obviously, she's notable enough. And hey, we have articles on flat earth, so what? -- AlexR 10:49, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * keep -- you'll all wish you'd have heeded her when you meet Solana in Armaggedon, but it will be too late then! too late! dab (ᛏ) 18:41, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Noteworthy for her Christian based exposure of the New Age in the mid eighties. Though author ia also a wiki user she cannot control content of this article (ie her statements about herself were removed as being unsourced, --SqueakBox 15:11, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep - I think wikipedia should also cover more obscure topics. Maybe someone should start a heading titled "Cumbey and Legal Threats" I have also been taageted and been accused of threats, as well as being named as SqueakBox's SockPuppet --Hierarchypedia 17:56, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep for now - and add the information that a Wikipedian claiming to be her has been making legal threats against other users. David Cannon 15:02, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.