text:
Talk:Runesocesius

Serious editing
All of these articles on Lusitanian deities are in need of serious editing. Unfortunately, I have no resources available regarding the mythology of the Lusitanians and thus am not able to do more than correct some of the spelling and grammar. Please feel free to expand this article in any way you can.
 * I can find no credible sources that this deity even existed. Can anyone else? Paul S (talk) 18:38, 16 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Wait, I can find him: Bulletin de la Société des Antiquaires de la France, 1899 pp. 269-273 by someone (Portuguese) calling himself J.L. de V. He describes a Roman dedication SANCTRVNESOCESIOSACRVGLIC...QVINTCINV...BALS which he interprets at containing two Celtic elements *run- meaning "mystery" and cesius as an allograph for 'gaesius' from *gaiso- meaning a spear or javelin. Hence this "mysterious javelin god". How is he part of a trinity, though? Can anyone else discover more? Paul S (talk) 19:50, 16 February 2009 (UTC)
 * It all becomes clear: someone's Spanish is even worse than mine (which is saying something) 91.84.79.51 (talk) 11:25, 17 February 2009 (UTC)

Edit War
95.69.111.27 reverts all my changes without explanation, putting them back to unsourced neo-Pagan fluffy-bunniness. Reversions reverted, and the admins will have to sort it out. Paul S (talk) 15:30, 23 March 2009 (UTC)

More Editing
Okay, re-written again, hopefully there are now enough sources and explanations and the article is now completely neutral. The amount of debate this obscure god is generating is all out of proportion to what we know about him. Paul S (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 22:50, 2 April 2009 (UTC).
 * Do have in consideration that  the Tartessian language is also open to debate.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.214.77.101 (talk) 01:29, 3 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Oh yes, nobody's 100% sure what Tartessian was. A year or two ago someone said they could read it as Celtic, but I've heard nothing else on that since then and imagine that this theory sank without trace in the end. I don't think I've heard anyone suggest that Tartessian was Lusitanian, though. Paul S (talk) 10:11, 3 April 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Runesocesius


text:
User talk:Jrisberg

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, !

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:
 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
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ClockworkSoul 01:47, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Jrisberg


text:
User talk:Masonic

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, !

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:
 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Wikipedia has a vibrant community of editors. The village pump is a great place to see the goings on.
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 01:47, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Masonic


text:
User talk:Dollpherinc

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. --Dmcdevit 01:47, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dollpherinc


text:
Talk:Endovelicus

Serious editing
All of these articles on Lusitanian deities are in need of serious editing. Unfortunately, I have no resources available regarding the mythology of the Lusitanians and thus am not able to do more than correct some of the spelling and grammar. Please feel free to expand this article in any way you can. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.113.86.77 (talk) 20:48, 21 April 2005

404s
None of the external links is currently working. How are we supposed to deal with this? --Xyzt1234 (talk) 22:53, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

What Olivares says
Here’s all that Olivares of the University of Alicante has to say in his article on the god at http://www4.uwm.edu/celtic/ekeltoi/volumes/vol6/6_12/olivares_6_12.html:

"'The first thing that is seen from his inscriptions is the relationship of the god with the private or family environment. Of the 51 inscriptions to the god that have a named dedicator, 17 were by women, some 33% of the dedications. This is a very high proportion, much higher than for the rest of the Hispanic deities (excluding Arentius and therefore Vaelicus) and is similar to the data that we have for the dedications to the indigenous gods Apollo and Mercury in the rest of western Europe. The oracular and healing character of Endouellicus, and his association with the individual and the family are, in our opinion, the most outstanding features of the inscriptions, and they profile a divine typology comparable to that which we have for Lugus or Arentius, which is not contradicted by the location of the sanctuary of this god on a small hill.'"

Quite whence all the 'information' about 'Lucifer' in reference to this theonym comes in the temples and cults section, I'd love to know! The Spanish and Portuguese versions of this Wikipedia article are not nearly as lengthy. Clearly more must have been written in English about this god than in the languages of the countries of the Iberian peninsula where he was once worshipped!!!

G.M.Gladehall (talk) 12:51, 21 July 2010 (UTC)

Self art
I am deleting the depiction of Endovelicus. Self art should be treated as self-investigation: original material, not relevant. Voj 2005 (talk) 11:05, 5 February 2024 (UTC)

Deleted link
The link to the Paleohispánica magazine was deleted because it doesn't hold anything relatable to Endovelicus or the Lusitanian gods (but to Tartessic ones, at best): https://ifc.dpz.es/recursos/publicaciones/21/92/_ebook.pdf Voj 2005 (talk) 14:37, 16 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Endovelicus


text:
User talk:Dre08

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Thanks for uploading Image:High Level Bridge.jpg. I notice it currently doesn't have an image copyright tag. Could you add one to let us know its copyright status? (You can use if you release it under the GFDL, or  if you claim fair use, etc.) If you don't know what any of this means, just let me know where you got the images and I'll tag them for you. Thanks so much, JYolkowski // talk 01:48, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Images
I noticed you uploaded a number of images from airliners.net. Unfortunately, we cannot use them on Wikipedia, as the copyright of that website doesn't allow it. Burgundavia 04:54, Apr 24, 2005 (UTC)

Calgary airport authority pictures
Unfortunately, the pictures you uploaded from calgaryairport.com are also violations of copyright, as their site licencing doesn't allow non-personal use either. Burgundavia 04:58, Apr 24, 2005 (UTC)

Lethbridge Community College picture
Again, this picture is also a violation of copyright, as again, the site doesn't allow non-personal use. Burgundavia 05:02, Apr 24, 2005 (UTC)

Image:High Level Bridge.jpg
Not to be rude, but as every other one of your images was a copyright violation, can you tell me where you downloaded this image from? Burgundavia 05:03, Apr 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * I noticed you changed it back to PD. Can you please tell me the source of that image? Burgundavia (✈ take a flight?) 10:52, May 14, 2005 (UTC)

Calgary Int. Airport
Also, the text you added to this page was also a copyright violation from www.calgaryairport.com Burgundavia 05:07, Apr 24, 2005 (UTC)

Image:Deerfoot100.jpg
Burgundavia 05:16, Apr 24, 2005 (UTC)

Image:Welcome998.jpg
Please do not remove copyvio tags. They need to stay on the article or image at least seven days, until resolved at Copyright problems. Thanks --Duk 16:29, 5 May 2005 (UTC)

Collaboration of the week
Dear user dre08! Please note that the rules of voting for Collaboration of the Week candidates have changed recently. Therefore the vote you gave today for the candidate Airport is, unfortunately, invalid. Your votes will only be accepted if they support those candidates that were nominated after you had become the registered member of Wikipedia. Any further discussion should take place on the Talk page of the project. Thanks and sorry for the inconveniences. --Eleassar777 18:48, 7 May 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dre08


text:
Talk:Ares Lusitani

Serious editing
All of these articles on Lusitanian deities are in need of serious editing. Unfortunately, I have no resources available regarding the mythology of the Lusitanians and thus am not able to do more than correct some of the spelling and grammar. Please feel free to expand this article in any way you can.

Arentius
JORGE DE ALARCÃO wrote that Estrabon might have mistaken the Lusitanian god of war Arentius/Arentia with Greek god Ares, because of the names similarity and the fact that both names refer to war gods. Should this article name be changed?189.70.125.239 (talk) 06:09, 12 April 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ares Lusitani


text:
Talk:Ataegina

Serious editing
All of these articles on Lusitanian deities are in need of serious editing. Unfortunately, I have no resources available regarding the mythology of the Lusitanians and thus am not able to do more than correct some of the spelling and grammar. Please feel free to expand this article in any way you can.
 * I've left the assertions by Moisés Espírito Santo in for now, but can anyone find sources? How respectable a source is he? Can anyone find anything about her assocation with cypress branches? Paul S (talk) 23:26, 27 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Not at all a respectable source. He is basically seen as an excentric inventor of mythologies. His works is held in little or no account, and is contradicted by almost all archeological and linguistic data (he is a sociologist, not at all and expert in historical, linguistic or archeological analysis). He defendes the crazy and impossible hipotesys that the Portuguese are basically of Phoenician (Canaanite) origin and spoke a Semitic language until the Middle Ages...! He should be left ou. The Ogre (talk) 16:17, 28 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Okay - anyone who wants to keep MES speak now or forever hold your peace... Paul S (talk) 12:12, 29 March 2009 (UTC)
 * I left a message for Babel2675 who first added (fringe) theory, but (s)he doesn't seem to still be active (no talk for nearly 2 years) I'll snip the MES stuff. Paul S (talk) 19:45, 3 April 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ataegina


text:
Reach for the Sky (disambiguation)

Reach for the Sky is a 1956 film starring Kenneth More as Douglas Bader.

Reach for the Sky may also refer to:

 * Reach for the Sky (novel), a 1954 biography by Paul Brickhill about pilot Douglas Bader, the basis for the 1956 film
 * Reach for the Sky (2001 film), a film about pilots in the Israeli army
 * Reach for the Sky (The Allman Brothers Band album)
 * Reach for the Sky (Ratt album)
 * Reach for the Sky (Sutherland Brothers and Quiver album)
 * Reach for the Sky, an album by Cowboy
 * "Reach for the Sky" (FireHouse song)
 * “Reach for the Sky”, a song by Gary Moore from his album Run for Cover
 * "Reach for the Sky" (Mai Kuraki song)
 * "Reach for the Sky" (Social Distortion song)

title: Reach for the Sky (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:The Sword of Shannara

Paragraph removal
Hi, I've removed the following paragraph from the article's "Literary significance" section, partly because of WP:NOR concerns, and partly because similar material from secondary sources have been found and incorporated into the section. However, I think some of this paragraph's material may be of use in the future, so I've left it here. Tolkien's series, which predates the first Shannara novel by roughly thirty years, also revolves around an unlikely hero from a small, quiet community who is drawn into a quest by a tall, magic-bearing man in order to destroy a distant Dark Lord. Precious magical artifacts are entrusted to the young hero who must flee, accompanied by his oldest friend and cousins from a neighboring land (or, in the case of Shannara, his mundane brother and a friend who is nobility from a neighboring land), when terrifying, demonic, bestial minions of the Dark Lord begin to stalk him and can sense when he uses his talisman. Eventually, a council decides the young hero will have to penetrate the center of the Dark Lord's realm in order to stop his armies, aided by a multi-racial group of companions. The heroes are unable to travel the way they wish, and are forced to follow a mysterious and foreboding underground passage to cut underneath the land. Along the way, their tall wizard leader fights a seemingly invincible foe, and falls with it into a pit of fire to his supposed demise, only to meet up with the main characters later. In addition, some names sound similar, such as Elessedil, which sounds somewhat like a combination of the Tolkien names Elessar and Elendil. These and many other similarities, combined with the common every-day language that Brooks uses in The Sword of Shannara, give some justification for calling it "Tolkien Lite" or "Tolkien For Dummies".

--DanDs (talk) 20:39, 6 June 2008 (UTC)

Reviews
The following is a list of reviews by notable commentators. As I am unable to access these reviews, future editors are welcome to do so and update this article's reception section with relevant material. In accordance with WP:NPOV, please do not rely on blurbs or other promotional material for their selective quotations of these reviews. * More info. Other reviews in relevant genre magazines include: --DanDs (talk) 05:51, 28 June 2008 (UTC)
 * More info.
 * More info.
 * More info.
 * More info.
 * More info.
 * More info.

 * A few more:
 * "THE SWORD OF SHANNARA (Book)". Atlantic Monthly (May 1977), Vol. 239 Issue 5, p100
 * "The Sword Of Shannara.(Book Review)". The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction

(July 1977): p103.
 * "The Sword Of Shannara.(Book Review)". Publishers Weekly (Jan 24, 1977): p328.
 *  -talk- the_ed  17  -contribs-  01:57, 25 September 2008 (UTC)

Defenders
Hi, I've removed the following material because they are based on self-published sources by non-notable writers. However, I've also managed to replace them with alternative material from Gene Wolfe and David Pringle.

and his supporters, such as Laurie Thayer, point out that many of the similarities are broad concepts common in modern day fantasy literature.

It has been said that The Sword of Shannara is just a cheap rip-off of [J.R.R.] Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings. However, one might just as well say that The Lord of the Rings is just a cheap rip-off of the northern mythologies from which Tolkien garnered the seeds of his great saga. Both are tales that take great mythological themes and transplant them into a fantasy setting. Shea Ohmsford, like Frodo Baggins -- or Luke Skywalker -- is an incarnation of the Hero With a Thousand Faces, to borrow a phrase from Joseph Campbell. During the course of his journey, which he begins as a parochial boy (no matter his age), he goes through fear, danger and sorrow to become savior of the world. Shea does face down the Dark Lord, not because he is brave, but simply because he must. There is no one else who can. The great warrior Balinor, stalwart Hendel, the mystic Allanon -- all have their place on the journey and in the story, but in the end, it is Shea who must face the Dark Lord and win or lose according to his own virtue.

Additionally, the plot of Brooks' subsequent novels bear little resemblance to Tolkien's works (apart from elements shared by many novels in the genre). "There's no doubt Sword borrows heavily from LOTR, but Brooks has proved his originality and versatility in his later novels." References: --DanDs (talk) 08:02, 28 June 2008 (UTC)

Images
I've just discovered a problem with these three images: They are not official book illustrations, but non-official fan art which has been copyrighted and whose creator has prohibited non-personal usage. If images are required for fair-use commentary, it might be better to replace them with relevant selections from the official Hildebrandt Brothers book illustrations instead. Although they are also copyrighted, they are officially "part" of the novel, so it would be a) easier to justify their inclusion for fair-use commentary, and b) more accurate as a reflection of the novel's original content. --DanDs (talk) 08:49, 11 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Image:Allanon and Flick.jpg
 * Image:Leah.jpg
 * Image:Kern (Shannara).jpg

 * I e-mailed the creator, and he would not release the images into the public domain (understandably). So, I tagged them as fair-use due to my belief that they are not replaceable by even the Hildebrandt illustrations--they would be black and white and not up to the quality of the images listed above...also, they are official--the top of the page reads thusly: "This gallery is dedicated to the works of author Terry Brooks (with permission), I have tried to capture some of the imagery inspired by the first series of Shannara books." (bolding added). I believe this means that Terry Brooks endorses them, making them quite "accurate as a reflection of the novel's original content".  the_ed 17  20:28, 11 July 2008 (UTC)

Query re: Third introductory paragraph
Is 'critical acclaim' or 'critical disdain' of a living author's work equivalent to a 'biographical claim'? If so, then the paragraph, The novel has received derision from critics who believe that Brooks derived too much of the novel from The Lord of the Rings. Some have accused him of lifting the entire plot and many of his characters directly from Lord of the Rings; others have regarded the book more favorably, and say that new writers, including Brooks, often start by copying the style of established writers. while adhering to the WP:NPOV, seems like a candidate for Am I off base? Tyllannon (talk) 02:25, 4 October 2011 (UTC)

Blanking
Who is routinely blanking this stuff? Is this constructive? Enthdegree (talk) 02:09, 3 March 2012 (UTC)

Sources for claims in the plot summaries
Per WP:BRD, I have Reverted the Bold removal of a number of requests for citations from the article by User:The ed17. Let's start the discussion.

WP:V is core policy, and neither plot summaries nor any other part of the encyclopedia get a pass from verifiability policy. Moreover, the part of WP:V that relates to original research does not condone editors writing up such summaries on their own. Attention to reliable secondary sources is as important for WP:Plot summaries as it is for other content in the mainspace.

In this case, someone has challenged a number of claims in the article, and the requests for sources for those claims should not be removed without the sources being added. N2e (talk) 02:18, 15 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Hi. I am impressed by the number of polices that you can link to, but if you could read Manual of Style (writing about fiction) and How to write a plot summary, I'd be much obliged. As per that link, and long-standing convention in novel and film articles, I have removed your cns yet again, and I would ask you to consider previous consensus in readding them to any plot summary. I will be happy to start an RfC on the matter at Wikipedia talk:Manual of Style/Writing about fiction if you do not recognize this (and I have left a message there, to be sure), but I believe consensus will be against you. Thanks, Ed [talk] [majestic titan] 03:51, 15 January 2013 (UTC)

 * See WP:PSTS: "A primary source may only be used on Wikipedia to make straightforward, descriptive statements of facts that can be verified by any educated person with access to the source but without further, specialized knowledge. For example, an article about a novel may cite passages to describe the plot, but any interpretation needs a secondary source." --  Wikipedical (talk) 05:22, 15 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Hey Wikipedical. The problem here is that those sections that had been challenged have no citation support whatsoever, not even a primary source citation is given.  N2e (talk) 05:36, 16 January 2013 (UTC)
 * They don't need a source; it is presumed that they are from the work itself. If we go beyond that, interpreting the plot rather than summarizing it, we would need a source. Ed [talk] [majestic titan] 05:40, 16 January 2013 (UTC)

 * I would tend to side with Ed here. See the plot summary of Featured Article To Kill a Mockingbird.  A straightforward description of plot is presumed to come from the primary source itself.  I will agree, however, that inline citations noting the chapter/page number is still preferable.  --  Wikipedical (talk) 05:47, 16 January 2013 (UTC)

 * Been asked to comment here, and while its been a loooooong time since I read this book and I can't commentary directly on the plot, what ed17 and Wikipedical say is true: unless there's novel interpretation of the work's plot, we assume that the work itself is implicitly the source for plot summaries. There's no need for citations here (though, optionally, they can help, but are definitely not required). --M ASEM (t) 05:49, 16 January 2013 (UTC)

Well, it seems odd that plot summaries would get a pass and somehow not be covered by WP:OR and WP:V. That being said, I agree with TheEd17 that, with a consensus to leave citations off of plot summaries here on this article Talk page, the place to resolve that issue will be elsewhere, and not on this Talk page.

I do, however, think that the tags should have been left in the article, per WP:BRD, during the discussion and consensus building on this Talk page, and that it was an act of not assuming good faith for the editor who continued to revert back to his quite-recent changes while the consensus was being built.

But for my part, with respect to plot summaries on this article, I will yield to the consensus. Cheers. N2e (talk) 05:52, 18 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Well, I'd argue that you've been told that citations are not needed for plot summaries anywhere on Wikipedia, not just on this article, but I'm not going to get into another debate. :-) Also, I realize that I could have been much less aggressive here. My apologies. Ed [talk] [majestic titan]

Good Article reassessment
I have requested a community-based reassessment of the Good Article quality rating given to this article in 2008. The discussion is here: Good article reassessment/The Sword of Shannara/1. Cheers. N2e (talk) 04:28, 14 February 2014 (UTC)

Allanon source
Ed [talk] [majestic titan] 01:37, 21 May 2015 (UTC)

 * I don't get it. I am reading the book now. I remember that I gave up on it the first time, when it came out, because it was so bad. I still think it's bad, but I have vowed to finish it. I had to encounter the name Allanon a few times before I realized that it was Al-Anon (Alcoholics Anonymous) and got a chuckle. Two names at least are words with a "m" replaced by an "n": "Paranor" is "paramour" (sp.) and "Eventine" is "eventime." "Durin" is a complete rip-off. "Mermidon" is "Myrmidon". The name of the Elf-King's boyhood friend and second-in-command, Jon Lin Sandor, is reminiscent of Tam Lin. Other names are just silly: Shea, Flick, Charnel Mountains, etc. These absurdities are distracting, but perhaps they can be explained by the background point that this is a post-apocalyptic world. (-: Wastrel Way (talk) Eric

"two major plots"
I just finished TSoS and I disagree that the story about Balinor being ousted by his insane brother is a major plot. A sub-plot at best (and one that left me distinctly skeptical of Balinor's intelligence - who abandons his old father to a crazy younger brother [with a Wormtongue-ish advisor] who wants to replace you?) It only appears late in the story. --Richardson mcphillips (talk) 14:55, 15 August 2017 (UTC)

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title: Talk:The Sword of Shannara


text:
Talk:Jigsaw puzzle

Complexity
Hi! Just wondering if anyone knew something about the complexity of solving these kind of puzzles? Some of the other puzzles, like Sokoban, have a paragraph describing how "hard" it is. Which I feel is essential when it comes to puzzles. Mats 129.241.124.223 (talk) 09:33, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

30 August 2008
Perhaps someone can make some corrections to the opening section. The first puzzles were not painted on rectangular boards nor were they cut with jigsaws. The first puzzles were published maps that were glued to boards, not necessarily rectangular, they were often irregularly shaped to follow the outline of the country being cut. They were known as "dissections" and were hand cut with fret saws. The term jigsaw did not come into popular use until the 1870s and it referred to a foot-powered saw. I know of no example of a puzzle being labeled as a Jigsaw Puzzle prior to that time. Jill Shefrin's research for her book (Such Constant Affectionate Care, copyright Cotsen Family Library,2003) uncovered a French woman, Mme de Beaumont, who was working as a tutor in London and was charging her students one-half guinea for their geographical wooden maps. Mme de Beaumont was almost certainly using dissected maps while John Spilsbury was still a young man and had not yet completed his apprenticeship. It also should be noted that while many, many websites mention John Spilsbury as the inventor of what we now know as jigsw puzzles, almost none of these sites credit Linda Hannas for publishing that information. Joe S. www.icollectpuzzles.com  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.191.216.158 (talk) 22:34, 30 August 2008 (UTC)

Jigsaw Puzzle Accessories
Hi, I'm new to writing in Wikepedia and I will be grateful if you folks will help get me off on the right foot.....

I have a commercial interest in Jigsaw puzzle accessories but I am also a lifelong jigsaw puzzle enthusiast. I have written a page on jigsaw puzzle accessories and also included a short paragraph in Jigsaw puzzles that points to the page that I have written. I believe I have presented a neutral point of view but I will be grateful for your opinions and any suggestions for improvements. Many thanks. ColinKing 15:11, 19 September 2007 (UTC)

Cutting Styles of Jigsaw Manufacturers
At the Jigthings website there is a page that illustrates the styles of wooden and cardboard jigsaw cutting used by 20 different jigsaw manufacturers - see http://www.jigthings.com/t-cutting-styles-of-jigsaw-manufacturers.aspx. The illustrations show sections of completed jigsaw puzzle in which the edges of the pieces have been enhanced so that the reader can clearly see the different cuts employed. As far as I know this is the only serious attempt to compare cutting styles of leading manufacturers by the use of photographic images. I have an interest in Jigthings and, being new to Wikepedia, I don't want to be accused of being biased and therefore I will not add a link to the jigsaw page at this time. However, if some of you long-standing Wikipedians think that the site is relevant and a valuable addition to the jigsaw article then please feel free to reference it! Alternatively, if you think that the link should NOT be added then please be kind enough to let me have your views. Many thanks ColinKing 13:26, 17 October 2007 (UTC)

Draw Backs to Recent Technology
Laser and water jets always remove some material - it's unavoidable. This results in a loose fit with all the surrounding pieces. Please point out the errors in this - if you can't then please leave it alone ! Gciesek 01:16, 3 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Lasers can be focused down to spot sizes of microns, I find it hard to believe your assertion. Perhaps if you had a reference to back  it up? --Chuck Sirloin 17:35, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

Perhaps laboratory lasers, but not inexpensive industrial CO2 lasers such as the puzzle cutters use. They are anywhere from 100 to 400 microns (75 microns is the thickness of a human hair) Look into it - http://www.parallax-tech.com/faq.htm#cut. In any event material is certainly burned away both inside the spot of the beam and some of the surrounding material as well. It also has the unpleasant side effect of creating toxic fumes. Traditional die cutting removes absolutely nothing - it is simply impossible to get a closer cut. --User:Gciesek 17:49, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

Inappropriate Links...
Mr. Sirloin and Mr. WriterListener

You both seem intent on leaving two inappropriate links to commercial sites and yet deleting all others. Perhaps you can explain this. Do you each have some affiliation with these sites ?

Also the following sentence makes absolutely no sense in the section Puzzle Pieces.

"Bigger puzzles commonly are also divided into two or more sections, sometimes rotated against each other, that were cut with the same standard-sized die."

Yes, larger puzzles are cut in multiple sections. Perhaps you can explain what "sometimes rotated against each other, that were cut with the same standard-sized die." means. It is not a logical sentence.

User:Gciesek 23:30, 2 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I do not have affiliations with either website. As far as the sentence goes, it makes sense to me.  If you want a puzzle that is twice as big as your die, you cut it in two sections and to keep the sections from being a complete repeat, you rotate the second section die cut 180 degrees from the first one.  It could maybe be written better though. --Chuck Sirloin 17:37, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

You obviously have not had practical experience doing this - we have. All that is necessary is that the portion having the puzzle cuts be on an outside edge when being cut with the cutting die. Absolutely, nothing has to be rotated or turned around. As I said previously - I have practical experience with this. --Gciesek 17:43, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

I is great with kids

Removed...
I removed the sentence " This is a fairly rare practice today, but was more common at a time when puzzles were more of a novelty." because it has no factual basis. There are no sources listed, and personally I know several people who do it as a hobby. It doesn't belong in the article.

 * The French term for jigsaw puzzle is "casse-tête" and the Spanish term is "rompecabezas", both meaning "break-head", referring to the imputed difficulty of solving.

I'm removing this sentence because as far as I can tell from the respective language Wikipedias (fr, es), both of these words are more general and refer to any type of puzzle (the pages reference tangrams, Rubik's Cube etc.) They make clear that the French and Spanish for "jigsaw puzzle" are both "puzzle" (fr, es). Moreover I don't know (and Wikipedia doesn't link) any other French/Spanish word to mean "(more general) puzzle". -- Blotwell 01:50, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I've heard French people use case-tete (Parisians anyway, that's who taught me) to describe both general puzzles and the jigsaw variety.

-Mr. Tachyon

I removed the sentences relating to a puzzle found at timtang.com. It felt like an advertisement for his site and didn't seem to contribute any significant information about jigsaw puzzles. Willoh 06:06, 26 June 2007 (UTC)

I Q the "around 1760" bit. I've seen the first jigsaw dated to 1762. Can we get a more accurate date? Trekphiler 07:02, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

The Parker Brothers page claims that they made the first jigsaw puzzle, which would place the date much later. The 1760's date sounds more plausible, but I have no source.

I've fixed the contradiction on the Parker Brothers page. no problemo! grrowl 06:05, 11 May 2006 (UTC)

Removed a request
This request was inserted into the body text of the article. I've moved it here:
 * Request: Would someone please add a section on (or a link to)what can be learned from doing puzzles? E.g. it gives one better spatial sense, it facilitates the brain moving info from one side to the other, it helps one better identify shades of color, recognize patterns. Thanks.

--Brandon Dilbeck 03:27, 20 July 2006 (UTC)

Uncommon practice?
The article says "It is possible to glue completed puzzles to a backing for permanent display. This is a fairly rare practice today, but was more common at a time when puzzles were more of a novelty." Is this true? In Hungary (where jigsaw puzzles are common) this is by no means a rare practice, and indeed, even specific puzzle glues are available for purchase. (They are mostly made in Germany and Italy, so I assume gluing puzzles together is not so rare in those countries, either...?)

By the way, puzzles these days are glued together not on the back (to something, as the article suggests), but on the front. (There is even puzzle glue for puzzles with a metallic finish so that the - transparent - gluing doesn't react chemically to the finish.)

I can add details on gluing jigsaw puzzles together, but I'd like to know how much of a "worldwide view" I have...

--prezzey 00:56, 29 October 2006 (UTC)
 * In my entire puzzle solving experience, most puzzlers I've met in Canada do not glue their puzzles for a permanent art piece. Instead they break them down again for later solving, or give them away.  One family I know does a puzzle circle, sending puzzles on to another family member until it get back to the one who sent it first.  It would have to be a particularly striking puzzle to be immortalized like that in my home.  At the same time, if I liked a puzzle that much, I'd want to do it over again.  Searching Google turns up hundres of ads for puzzle glue, and only a few sites of people who admit to gluing their puzzles.  No conclusions there. This site: http://www.imaginatorium.org/shop/epoch.htm claims that at least one Japanese jigsaw maker includes mounting accessories in the box. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 74.122.93.214 (talk) 22:34, 16 February 2007 (UTC).

Conflict
Under Variations, one can read "currently the biggest commercially available size is 18,240 pieces." whereas it is also read "The worlds largest commercially available puzzle has 24,000 pieces" under Trivia. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 201.48.117.251 (talk) 20:29, 5 April 2007 (UTC).
 * Edited. Just be BOLD. Femto 13:30, 6 April 2007 (UTC)

Links
Under the topic "Links" at least two of these links do not work.I do not know what do do with them.
 * 1) Jigsaw Puzzle Virtual Exhibit at the Elliott Avedon Museum & Archive of Games
 * 2) The First Jigsaw Ever Sold, from the British Library website

Returning one of the deleted external links.
Recently, two of the external links were deleted, with the reason that they didn't follow the WP:EL standards. Well, one of those links was one that I put up there almost 2 years ago, this being the first time it has been challenged. The reason seems to be that someone recently changed the link in order to add their own, obvious link-spam. Their link is directly to a business website with the intent purpose to sell their puzzle. My original intent with the link was to share our story of putting together what was then the world's largest commercially available jigsaw puzzle. But now, after 2 years, it is a page filled with comments and resources from around the world concerning the putting together of these exceptionally large puzzles. Included are even some references to the 24,000 piece puzzle for which the recently added link was advertising. But it is simply a very good resource for anyone attempting to take on this type of project, and I feel it qualifies under the category "Sites with other meaningful, relevant content that is not suitable for inclusion in an article." Hathawayc 06:26, 12 August 2007 (UTC)
 * I agree. The content is relevant to the topic at hand. If the main concern is that it's a COI for you to add it, I'll re-add it to the article. Editmaniac 07:56, 13 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Main concern is that it has no content that meets WP:EL rules, is a personal/vanity site, AND is an ad-delivery site. The fact that it was WP:COI just sealed the bargain. I've removed it again as serving no encyclopedic purpose and being spam, basically. DreamGuy 15:36, 13 August 2007 (UTC)
 * If we are talking about this link, I have to agree with DreamGuy. No offense to the websites' owners, but the link is a personal webpage, forum discussion, blog, ad served etc etc.  It doesn't really contribute to the article, but it is also not about the world's largest puzzle.  Not WP:EL in my opinion. --Chuck Sirloin 17:39, 13 August 2007 (UTC)
 * Hmmm... I guess I wasn't aware of the COI regulations. I went ahead and removed the ads; they weren't really paying much anyway.  It just seems to be a shame to not let people find the resource when they are looking for ways to put together an extremely large puzzle.  It has quite extensive advice and other's experiences, and I sure wish I had found something like that before we started.  I'm also curious as to how it lasted for almost 2 years if it's against guidelines.  I've seen several other links come and go, but no one has had a problem with this one until now.  I'll leave it up to the community to decide, but it's a shame to exclude it, I think.Hathawayc 02:01, 15 August 2007 (UTC)
 * The fact that you are campaigning for its inclusion is indicative of the COI problem. Again, this is not a personal attack in anyway. --Chuck Sirloin 18:37, 15 August 2007 (UTC)

Merge from Puzzle globe
The article Puzzle globe has a merge tag pointing here, which was [ added April 2007]. I expanded the article a bit, and I think it can stand alone by now (compare the [ previous version] to the [ current version]. If noone opposes I'll remove the tag within a week. Waldir talk 23:54, 15 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Sounds right to me. RedSpruce 10:59, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Oh yea, I forgot to mention: I have to give props to RedSpruce for his [ previous expansion], which added most of the current content of the article :) Waldir talk 20:57, 16 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Go for it — Jack · talk · 03:23, Saturday, 17 November 2007

I agree with Jack —Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.105.46.204 (talk) 17:17, 19 March 2008 (UTC)

Wasgij
What would be the most appropriate place to mention the "wasgij" puzzles by Falcon? Are they notable enough to warrant a separate page, or should Wasgij be a redirect to this page? --Slashme (talk) 09:25, 29 December 2007 (UTC)

 * I've made wasgij a redirect to this page in the meantime. --Slashme (talk) 07:27, 9 January 2008 (UTC)

Can someone add please about developmental milestones
ie. when children are expected to be able to complete 2, 3 12, 36 puzzles etc. I would be very interested. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.119.152.47 (talk) 16:10, 6 March 2008 (UTC)

Force required for cutting
The article states that 700 tons of force are required to cut a 1000-piece puzzle, though a ton is a measure of mass, not force. It would be interesting to learn of the actual amount of force (ideally in Newtons) required and of the surface area of the blades' contact with the card, thus enabling us to establish the amount of pressure required. JPBarrass (talk) 03:37, 21 March 2008 (UTC)

information required
I have question about the puzzleball in the image,where did you find it ? I am puzzle maniac,will be happy to buy and complete it.

Thank You. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ablavanya (talk • contribs) 20:11, 29 April 2008 (UTC)

Citation unneeded
Is it just me or is someone being ridiculously pedantic about the strategies section? Vahokif (talk) 14:53, 24 November 2009 (UTC)

Pointless Photograph
The photograph titled "Putting a jigsaw puzzle together at Our Community Place in Harrisonburg, Virginia" might very well be the most pointless image in all of wikipedia. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.99.193.239 (talk) 18:39, 19 April 2010 (UTC) 81.99.193.239 (talk) 18:47, 19 April 2010 (UTC)

 * I think it's a pretty good photo of people doing a jigsaw puzzle.. as it stands, it's the only such image in the article. 137.82.175.12 (talk) 19:00, 21 June 2010 (UTC)

Wrong link
There is something wrong with the link to the largest jigsaw puzzle. It leads to 24,000 pieces and articles claims that 32,256 is the largest one. Could someone correct this ? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.13.171.95 (talk) 22:52, 10 January 2011 (UTC)

Heading: Variations, source removed
I added another variant of types of puzzles called "Family Puzzles" under the heading "Variations". The information was removed due to external links and possibly internal links. I'm fine with the removal of sources as those were just added because this article requests more sources and citation needed, but I think the information is important. The fact that Family Puzzles exist and it's a very different form of puzzle specific for families and people of varying skill levels to enjoy is relevant. Having three different sized pieces in one puzzle so that little hands and large hands are better able to grasp a puzzle piece is notable. I think the information should be added back, with the removal of internal and external sources. --Lindacoudray (talk) 19:22, 29 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Ideally information in Wikipedia should be sourced, but I reverted it because it had one very spammy looking link to a specific store selling these puzzles. If you restore the information without any problematic links I won't revert. Siawase (talk) 21:23, 29 March 2011 (UTC)

Heading: "Benefits" removed
I also don't see what is wrong with this information regarding benefits of doing jigsaw puzzles. I think a USA Today source and the fact that one can look up MacArthur study to see the benefits of doing puzzles is relevant. If the intention was to remove the source from the "The Healing Power of Jigsaw Puzzles", I would agree that is okay to remove. But again, I'm trying to make sure I quote sources and not just randomly throw information out there. But I do think this is good information for people as we are working in a world where so much of us are dependent on electronics and media for entertainment, so finding an old past time like jigsaw puzzles, that is also claimed to have health benefits, is of notable interest. I think the information should remain, but removing that link to the selfgrowth.com site is fine with me. But I think the USA Today artilce is worthy. --Lindacoudray (talk) 19:31, 29 March 2011 (UTC)

Research such as the notable Mac Arthur study, found that doing jigsaw puzzles can lead to a longer life expectancy, a better quality of life, and a reduction in various mental illnesses. USA Today reported that people who practiced brain exercising activities like doing jigsaw puzzles are 2.50 times less likely to develop Alzheimer's Disease. --Lindacoudray (talk) 19:31, 29 March 2011 (UTC)

 * I consolidated the two topics into one to make it easier to discuss, I hope you don't mind. The problem is that as far as I can tell, these are not reliable enough sources to use for medical claims per Identifying reliable sources (medicine). If you disagree with my assessment of the sources, feel free to ask about them at Reliable sources/Noticeboard to get a wider community input. Siawase (talk) 21:28, 29 March 2011 (UTC)

I added a different source, that you may find more reliable since I am specifically speaking about benefits related to Alzheimer's. So please take a look and let me know if you still disagree. If so and you remove it, then I'll definitely ask for more input, but thought I'd start with you again for your assessment. I cited from Alzhemier's Society of Canada, but there is also similar information at Alzheimer's Association of US (alz.org). The reason I think it's important is 1) there are actually specific puzzles made for Alzheimer's; I've seen them done from Springbok Puzzles and I personally know Alzheimer patients that actually do puzzles for this reason 2) If one were to visit the Alzheimer site I cited or the alz.org site and found a suggestion to do puzzles or [jigsaw puzzle]'s, then they may "google" [it] and certainly a Wikipedia result would come up. I think having this information would reassure the user of what a jigsaw puzzle is and that it in fact may have benefits to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's. That was more verbose than I wanted it to be, but hopefully you see why I think it's important. I think it adds value to 'jigsaw puzzle'. Thanks! --Lindacoudray (talk) 01:19, 31 March 2011 (UTC)

 * I rewrote the segment sourced to alzheimer.ca closer to what that source said and removed the material that was sourced to less reliable sources. I think it would be great if you brought all these sources to Reliable sources/Noticeboard so we could get some wider input on them. I hear what you're saying about the importance of the alzheimer information (WP:WEIGHT) in wikipedia lingo) and I agree, but only if the sources to support the assertion are actually encyclopedic (ie, academic, scientific.) Siawase (talk) 20:46, 31 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Studies like those are correlations without pointing to any direction of cause-and-effect. It may simple be, rather, that people who have the potential to stay mentally active longer and to live longer are more likely to enjoy doing jigsaw puzzles -- which I think is the more likely case.

jaknouse (talk) 13:05, 1 April 2011 (UTC)

related puzzles
There is no discussion (or reference to) the once-popular foam 3D puzzles. These usually represent some architectural or historic landmark. WilliamSommerwerck (talk) 15:13, 16 September 2011 (UTC)

Common sizes
It says that 1000 pieces puzzles are most commonly 38x27, and that 500 pieces are 27x19. Personally I had never seen such - all 500 pieces puzzles I have are 20x25, and 1000 are 40x25, with one exception - a 27x37 (yielding 999 pieces). Where did that information come from? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.213.76.165 (talk) 15:31, 26 November 2011 (UTC)

Looking at box top line. Why is this even in the article?
'Some jigsaw enthusiasts[who?] suggest that it is bad form (against the rules) to look at the picture on the box while working on the puzzle, but most people find it to be perfectly normal to look at the box.[citation needed]'

In my opinion, this should be removed completely. I don't think there is any rule about this other than whatever the individual sets for him or herself. If it's a group working together on a puzzle, then maybe the host would set the rule. But to state that some think it's against the rules to refer to the box while others find it perfectly normal to do so is pointless. The only "rule" about a jigsaw puzzle is to put the thing together to make whatever image it's supposed to make. 98.193.177.44 (talk) 17:40, 15 June 2013 (UTC)

Knife puzzle
I've reverted this edit which added an unsourced and implausible "Knife puzzle" section. The editor who added it has a total of two contributions to the encyclopedia, the other of which is chat to another editor. Wasn't the article on anyone's watchlist in February? Pam D  09:49, 17 April 2014 (UTC)

New section: Autism awareness
The puzzle piece is often used to symbolize autism and autism awareness. Notable? Muffinator (talk) 02:37, 13 July 2014 (UTC)
 * Sounds worth adding if you've got a good source for the fact. Pam  D  05:43, 13 July 2014 (UTC)

Discrepancy about jigsaw puzzle origins
This article says "Jigsaw puzzles were originally created by painting a picture on a flat, rectangular piece of wood, and then cutting that picture into small pieces with a jigsaw, hence the name. John Spilsbury, a London cartographer and engraver, is credited with commercializing jigsaw puzzles around 1760".

It that's the case, that contradicts this other Wikipedia article, which mentions the jigsaw (tool) "first emerged in the 19th century": https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jigsaw_(tool)

If jigsaw puzzles were originally created by cutting a picture with a jigsaw, which was invented in the 19th century, how could John Spilbury commercialize jigsaw puzzles around 1760?

Also, this definition suggests "Jigsaw puzzle first recorded 1906; originally one with pieces cut by a jigsaw" http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=jigsaw

Some of the above information must be wrong. I just don't know which one.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by OMA2k (talk • contribs) 18:37, 11 October 2014 (UTC)

 * Have a look at the "History of jigsaw puzzles" reference: the kind of puzzles existed, known as "dissections", and made using marquetry saws, before the jigsaw (tool) was invented. Then they started to be made using a jigsaw and took its name. Pam  D  08:29, 13 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I see. Thanks for the heads up. So this section may be deleted.

Springbok page?
I'm terribly surprised that there is no wikipedia page for Springbok Puzzles. Surely they are notable enough to have a page about them. Does anybody know why they don't? Have they in the past? Centerone (talk) 01:59, 28 October 2014 (UTC)
 * heh, two years later and I go searching for a page and the question here is by me! :D Centerone (talk) 23:47, 27 June 2016 (UTC)
 * well, you know what they say: WP:SOFIXIT. If you think the company is WP:NOTABLE (and a quick look on Google, including Google books, suggests they quite probably are), then create the article. There's certainly interesting stuff at http://www.springbok-puzzles.com/aboutus.asp, though independent sources are needed too. There's an article on Wentworth Wooden Puzzles already. I'll watchlist the redlink Springbok Puzzles and await developments. Good luck.  Pam  D  07:42, 28 June 2016 (UTC)

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World record for the most pieces in a puzzle
The article says:

"The jigsaw with the greatest number of pieces had 551,232 pieces and measured 14.85 × 23.20 m (48 ft 8.64 in × 76 ft 1.38 in). It was assembled on 24 September 2011 at Phú Thọ Indoor Stadium in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, by students from the University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City."

I added the following:

"However, in reality, this was really just 3,132 separate puzzles with 176 pieces each, which made it many magnitudes less complex and time consuming than a single puzzle with 551,232 pieces all mixed together would have been."

Thaddeus Bradshaw (talk) 05:39, 16 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Yeah, that is called original research and not allowed. Also the source you are referring to does not say that it was "really just 3,132 separate puzzles", but it does say: "the 3,132 sections, each containing 176 pieces, into which the jigsaw puzzle had been divided". So according to the source its 1 puzzle divided into 3,132 sections each containing 176 pieces and you conclude that its actually 3,132 puzzles. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research Libby Kane (talk) 05:48, 16 January 2019 (UTC)

 * hi!
 * in they say that the puzzle with the most pieces was build in ravensburg (germany) in 2008. it had 1141800 pieces. -- seth (talk) 16:12, 19 December 2020 (UTC)

Terminology
At the www.jigsaw-wiki.com/wiki/Puzzle_piece_shapes, they refer to the protuberance of a piece that fits into the "hole" of its neighboring piece, as the "nose", not the "tab". —Jerome Potts (talk) 20:52, 8 May 2019 (UTC)

Largest commercially sold jigsaw puzzles
Amongst the list of the largest (by piece count) commercially sold jigsaw puzzle is one titled "Rubix Cube" at 32,000 pieces, by Ravensburger. This puzzle might not exist. However, what does exist is a 32,000 piece Ravensburger puzzle, titled "New York City Window" (catalogue #178377), which is not included on the list in this article. 2600:1012:A011:D23D:F02F:EE59:581:BCDD (talk) 06:39, 2 October 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Human Cognition SP23
— Assignment last updated by Nancyrm127 (talk) 05:32, 4 April 2023 (UTC)

saw nomenclature seems wrong
The article describes jig and fretsaws in a particular way but what is called a fretsaw is commonly called a jigsaw at least in the north east US eg when I was growing up, I never or rarely heard the term fretsaw for this item https://www.fine-tools.com/grobet-laubsaege.html it is true that google agrees with wiki, but I really don't think this is right at least in common, current parlance — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.245.17.105 (talk) 21:27, 17 April 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jigsaw puzzle


text:
USS Van Voorhis

USS Van Voorhis (DE-1028) was a Dealey-class destroyer escort, was a ship of the United States Navy named for Commander Bruce Van Voorhis (1908–1942), a naval aviator who was awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously for action in the Eastern Caroline Islands.

Van Voorhis was laid down on 29 August 1955 at the New York Shipbuilding Company in Camden, New Jersey; launched on 28 July 1956, sponsored by Mrs. Kathryn Van Voorhis, the widow of Cmdr. Van Voorhis; and commissioned at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on 22 April 1957.

1950s
Following shakedown training near Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, during the summer, Van Voorhis reported at Newport, Rhode Island, for duty with Escort Squadron 14 (CortRon 14). The destroyer escort conducted operations along the east coast of North America until May 1958 when she sailed across the Atlantic for a cruise with the 6th Fleet. While operating with other ships of the 6th Fleet near Crete, she was ordered to the eastern end of the Mediterranean in mid-July to patrol off the Levantine coast. She supported the Marines who landed in Lebanon in response to President Camille Chamoun's request for help during a crisis precipitated by Arab nationalist factions in reaction to his administration's pro-Western policies and its adherence to the Eisenhower Doctrine. President Dwight D. Eisenhower's personal representative Robert D. Murphy helped the factions to negotiate a settlement which resulted in the election of General Fuad Chehab to the presidency on 31 July. President Chamoun's refusal to yield office before the expiration of his term kept the country in turmoil until late September. However, political conditions in Lebanon remained highly volatile, so American forces remained there until after General Chehab took office in September. During this period, Van Voorhis alternated normal 6th Fleet operations with patrols off Lebanon. Late in September, the warship departed the Mediterranean and returned to Newport early in October.

1960s
Upon her return, the warship operated along the east coast until February 1959 when she joined the other ships of her squadron in a three-month cruise to South America. She re-entered Newport late in April and resumed local operations once more. She continued that employment through June 1960. The following month, she departed the United States for duty in the eastern Atlantic. During that six-week cruise, Van Voorhis joined other Navy ships and units of Allied navies in a NATO exercise. She also visited Greenwich, England, and Greenock, Scotland, before returning to Newport where, after upkeep, she resumed anti-submarine warfare operations. She remained so occupied through the remainder of 1960. Over the following two years, the destroyer escort continued the routine of summer operations out of Newport and winter training in the West Indies. In the autumn of 1962, when the United States subjected Cuba to a quarantine in order to keep offensive missiles from the strategically situated island, Van Voorhis moved to Mayport, Florida, to support the blockade-type operation. After spending the last week of the quarantine in Mayport, she returned north without having actually participated in the operation.

In December, the warship began preparations for another overseas deployment. On 15 February 1963, she cleared port for a three-month goodwill cruise to Africa—"Solant Amity IV." During the first half of the cruise, she moved south, along the western coast of Africa, and called at Monrovia, Liberia; Lagos, Nigeria; Pointe Noiro, Congo; and Cape Town, South Africa. After rounding the Cape of Good Hope, she moved north, up the eastern coast of Africa, and visited Lourenco Marques, Mozambique; Diego Suarez, Malagasy Republic; and Mombasa, Kenya. She continued north to Aden, transited the Red Sea and the Suez Canal and entered the Mediterranean on 1 May. During the first two weeks of May, Van Voorhis crossed the Mediterranean making liberty calls at Athens, Naples, and Barcelona along the way. She rounded out the voyage with one-day stops at Gibraltar and the Azores, and re-entered Newport on 24 May.

Following upkeep, she conducted ASW exercises in July and made a midshipman cruise to Bermuda. Additional ASW training off the Florida coast ensued before the ship returned to Newport in October. For the remainder of 1963 and throughout 1964, the destroyer escort operated along the eastern seaboard. On 8 August 1964, she was reassigned to Escort Squadron 8 (CortRon 8) as the squadron flagship. She continued ASW training exercises through 1964 and during the first part of January 1965.

During the latter part of the month, the ship entered the Boston Naval Shipyard for a six-week availability during which she received control equipment associated with the Drone Antisubmarine Helicopter (DASH) system. The installation was completed early in March, and Van Voorhis departed Boston on the 9th to participate in the annual "Springboard" exercises conducted in the Caribbean. Upon completion of that assignment, Van Voorhis returned north to receive her DASH helicopters. She arrived in Norfolk on 29 March and began three weeks of tests and qualifications with the DASH system. The first destroyer escort to receive DASH, Van Voorhis completed her qualification trials in April and returned to her home port on 21 April.

The ship continued to work out of Newport through the following four and one-half years, primarily conducting operations in the western Atlantic. She sharpened her anti-submarine warfare skills constantly as she participated in numerous exercises along the entire North American coastline and in the Caribbean.

In August 1966, Van Voorhis rendezvoused with the destroyer escort USS Hammerberg (DE-1015), guided missile frigate USS Leahy (DLG-16), and submarine USS Requin (SS-481) off Trinidad to participate in Operation "Unitas VII" through November. In 1966 and 1967, the warship made cruises around South America in which she visited a number of South American ports and participated in bilateral and multi-lateral exercises with warships of various South American countries. During the first five months of 1969, her sphere of operations was centered around Florida and the West Indies. In June, she returned to Newport for a short time before resuming operations in the Caribbean in July. Through the fall and winter of 1969, she alternated between Newport and the Fleet Sonar School at Key West, Florida.

1970–1971 and fate
In January 1970, Van Voorhis began preparations for conversion to a research and development platform to test the Interim Towed Array Surveillance System (ITASS). Late that month, her DASH equipment was removed to make room for the ITASS submarine detection gear. On 9 February, she entered the Bethlehem Steel Shipyards in East Boston to begin the actual conversion. Over the next month, her new equipment was installed, and her DASH hangar was modified to provide a berthing area for the additional crew members necessitated by the ITASS. Van Voorhis completed the conversion early in March and, for the next four months, she conducted a series of tests on the experimental equipment in the vicinity of Guantanamo Bay, then in the Tongue of the ocean off Eleuthera in the Bahamas.

From late June to late August, she prepared to deploy to the Mediterranean. She departed Newport on 26 August 1970, passed through the Straits of Gibraltar on 6 September, and arrived at Naples on 9 September. The destroyer escort operated with the 6th Fleet, conducting surveillance patrols with her new ITASS gear until near the end of November. During the intervening two months, she also called at such places as Barcelona, Mallorca, Crete, and Naples. On 17 November, she turned the 6th Fleet ITASS responsibility over to her relief, the destroyer escort USS Lester (DE-1022). After a liberty call at Palma de Mallorca and change of operational control at Rota, Spain, Van Voorhis set out to recross the Atlantic on 26 November and arrived in Newport on 6 December.

Van Voorhis began 1971 in port at Newport and operated from that base during the first eight months of the year. In September, the warship underwent an inspection and survey which found her to be unfit for further naval service. She remained moored at Newport until the following summer. Van Voorhis was decommissioned on 1 July 1972, and her name was struck from the Navy list simultaneously. On 15 June 1973, she was sold to the Union Minerals and Alloys Corporation, of New York City, and was subsequently scrapped.

title: USS Van Voorhis


text:
Ellen Eccles Theatre

The Ellen Eccles Theatre is an entertainment venue located in Logan, Utah. The theatre, which seats approximately 1100, is used for concerts, community theatre, ballet performances, and film showings. It has also become a stop for many national touring acts each year. It also hosts performances by the Utah Festival Opera Company during summers and year-round performances by the Cache Valley Civic Ballet, Music Theatre West, Valley Dance Ensemble, Cache Theatre Company, and Utah State University performing groups.

History
The theatre was built in 1923. Then known as the Capitol Theatre, hosted vaudeville and opera performance. As vaudeville became less popular, the theatre became used primarily for community events and, increasingly, movies. By the 1980s, the Capitol had fallen into disrepair and become a run-down home for second-run movies.

In 1988, it seemed likely that the Capitol would be demolished and turned into a parking lot. Michael Ballam, an opera singer and professor at Utah State University, led the charge to save and restore the theatre. His efforts led to the city of Logan receiving the theatre as a gift from S. Eugene Needham, and a not-for-profit organization was formed to renovate and operate it, now known as the Cache Valley Center for the Arts. This restoration effort was delayed in 1990 when fire destroyed much of the theater's annex. However, work continued, and the house, christened the Ellen Eccles Theatre after the family member of one of the principal philanthropists, opened to a gala performance on January 8, 1993.

title: Ellen Eccles Theatre


text: Category:Ratt albums

title: Category:Ratt albums


text:
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Bell X-2 crash landing

Bell X-2 crash landing

This picture is used at the start of the Bell X-2 article where I believe it serves to really grab the readers attention. Additionally the look on the face of the gentleman who is looking at the camera is priceless. - Triddle 01:51, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC) +8 / -5 / 1 neutral -- Solipsist 20:09, 7 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Nominate and support. - Triddle 01:51, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * weak oppose WHile it add significantly, I can't say I find it too good or interesting. Circeus 16:22, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I can stare for long times at photographs of fascinating vessels like this one. Nevertheless, I don't find it appropriate to be a FP. Jonas Olson 18:57, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, I'll be a contrarian. I like the high quality of the image, the long crash track in the dirt and the nice shadows. Leonardo 22:46, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Not interesting. Enochlau 23:50, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Incredibly illustrative and dramatic. Matthewcieplak 03:19, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose It lacks that fundamental spark that captures my attention, and the colors seem a bit to light. TomStar81 07:16, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. The arrangement of figures, the contrast of dark and light, and the placement of shadows--all artistic yet unplanned--make this a fascinating pic. In addition, it is the snapshot of a moment in history. The picture has a surreal quality. - Pioneer-12 18:48, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. -- brian0918  ™  02:18, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Srtiking, adds significantly to the article. --Andrew 16:40, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Neutral. I kind of like this crash, but it is a bit small and doesn't have good source and copyright info. -- Solipsist 20:53, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * What do you think of this one or this one from NASA's Controlled Impact Demonstration? Triddle 01:58, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * NOW you're talking!! Those are my kind of pictures. TomStar81 07:07, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose - I prefer the NASA crash image above. Janderk 19:50, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Less fire than in the NASA crash image above, but more suggestive and historically more significant. --Bernard Helmstetter 14:26, 30 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support The men are a bit dark, but it's certainly strinking. Junes 10:55, 2 May 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Robert G. Cole

Job - under Notes
Why does the link take one to a current accountant firm page, with a Robert Col shown as an employee? Something is very wrong !

Untitled
I was amazed this MOH recipent has no Wikipage. I heard about him from BiA and felt he needed one. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Leavebeaver2me (talk • contribs) 01:51, April 22, 2005 UTC

This is so NOT written factualy "Dropped" "Shot up" "cold steel" this is written as if it were from a comic book.

^^^Well dude, I got that info from "Citizen Soldiers", one of the most acclaimed WWII history books, so there. Siegfried Waldgrave 16:44, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

In all fairness, no matter what source you take this from, this does not read like an encyclopedia article. Sounds like a dramatic essay to me. "Cole stood there, shaking, exhausted, elated." or even worse: "...plunged into the dugouts and trenches, thrusting with their bayonets, drawing blood and screams, causing death.". Bockbockchicken 05:22, 29 May 2007 (UTC)

I edited it. I know it's not very good, but at least it reads like an encyclopedia article. Macaroni0811 22:57, 29 May 2007 (UTC)

It's much better. Good job! I'll do some research and add some references myself. Bockbockchicken 19:12, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

"Criticism" deletion
There was so much wrong with this I didn't know where to start to fix it, so I deleted it whole. The charge was not over "swampy" ground but along a dirt road leading from the highway to the farm house. There was no way to "outflank" the hedgerow--it ran from the farmhouse to the riverbank. The causeway was the only way into Carentan because the railroad embankment the Germans had used had been blown up west of town. The troopers were under constant mortar fire throughout June 10 and June 11. Both air and artillery support fires were used by the 101st in Normandy from D-Day on--a battalion of SP 105mm and a battalion of parachute 75mm howitzers supported Cole. The Germans jammed his radio frequencies until late in the battle. Throughout Normandy the Germans had to be rooted out of the hedgerows by infantry--supporting fires did not cut it.--Buckboard 09:37, 5 July 2007 (UTC)

birth date
The article mentions two birth dates: March 19, 1915 and April 17, 1915. Which one is correct? Wammes Waggel (talk) 18:31, 16 September 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Robert G. Cole


text:
Nerriga, New South Wales

Nerriga is a small village in the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia in Queanbeyan-Palerang Regional Council. It is situated at the edge of Morton National Park, on the Braidwood - Nowra road. The population of Nerriga and the surrounding localities at the was 72.

History
In 1828, grazier George Galbraith was listed as the owner of some 2000 acre of land on the Endrick River, to the east of the current village. This property was then known as "Narriga". The name "Nerriga" was first recorded by surveyor Robert Hoddle on an 1828 expedition of the Shoalhaven River. Following Galbraith's death in 1837, his land holdings were subsequently auctioned. Galbraith's holding was purchased by another settler, John Mackenzie, who had been granted land near Nerriga in 1836.

In 1840, James Larmer surveyed a village site and a route over the mountains from Nerriga to Vincentia. It was intended that this pass, known as The Wool Road would allow movement of agricultural produce to a port on Jervis Bay from the Braidwood and Goulburn districts. The road was completed in 1841, a distance of approximately 37 mi at an estimated cost of £997. In 1842, the existing road linking Nerriga to Braidwood was substantially upgraded. Both projects utilised convict labour under the command of Nerriga landowner John Mackenzie.

The discovery of alluvial gold on the Shoalhaven River in 1851 led to increased interest in the area around Nerriga, and the town began to grow, with the Commercial Hotel opening for business some time around 1864. The building still stands today, but is now known as the Bark Tree Hotel. Records show that between 1878–1901, the peak of production in the area, some 14177 oz of gold were produced from the Nerriga Mining Division. Some quartz reefs were also worked in the area, however the yields from these activities were not significant. Prospecting on a large scale continued through to the 1960s.

Nerriga had a state school from 1868 to 1917 and from 1928 to 1975. It was generally described as a "public school", but sometimes as "provisional" or "half-time."

In October 2010, a substantial upgrade of the road between Nerriga and Nowra was completed by the Roads & Traffic Authority, the Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure and Transport and the Shoalhaven City Council, providing high quality, sealed all-weather road access for the community. A community celebration was held to mark the completion of the upgrade.

In December 2019, the Currowan and Tianjara fires destroyed properties around Nerriga. The Nerriga Pub provided shelter for residents evacuated from their homes in the surrounding communities after thick smoke forced them to move from the community hall. Local residents continued to hose down the building for several hours to protect it from burning embers until volunteers from the New South Wales Rural Fire Service arrived.

title: Nerriga, New South Wales


text:
Mangup

Mangup (Мангуп, Мангуп, Mangup) also known as Mangup Kale (kale means "fortress" in Turkish) is a historic fortress in Crimea, located on a plateau about 13 kilometres east of Sevastopol (ancient Chersonesus).

Names
It was known as Dory (Δόρυ), later Doros (Δόρος), Doras (Δόρας) and finally Theodoro (Θεοδωρώ) by the Byzantines, before being given the Kipchak name Mangup. A 14th century inscription found in the city, called it the "God-guarded fortress of Theodoro" and its citizens Theodorites. Genoese documents referred to the city as Tedoro, Todoro, Theodori, Teodori, Thodori, Tedori, and Todori. These names are derived from the Greek names of the place.

The name Theodoro has survived up to the present day in the name of the village of Ai-Todor (Saint Theodore), which lies south of Mangup.

Silvio Giuseppe Mercati believed that the plural form of the city's name (Theodori, Teodori, Thodori, Tedori, Todori) was because the city was dedicated to the two saints, Theodore Tiron and Theodore Stratelates. However, Alexander Vasiliev (historian) was doubtful about this theory since there was no proof that these two saints were considered protectors of the city.

History
According to the 6th-century Byzantine historian Procopius of Caesarea, the region of Dory or Doros was settled by those Ostrogoths who refused to follow Theodoric the Great in his invasion of Italy in the 490s, marking the beginning of the Crimean Goths and their homeland, Gothia. Archaeological excavations have demonstrated the establishment of Christian basilicas, fortifications and cave settlements (alongside Mangup also at Eski Kermen etc.) during the 6th century. By the late 7th or early 8th century, a new bishopric, the Metropolis of Doros, was established in the region. Crimean Gothia was conquered by the Khazars in the early 8th century, and later in the 8th century was the center of an unsuccessful Gothic revolt against Khazaria led by Bishop John of Gothia.

As a result of the Khazar conquest, the name Dory/Doros disappeared after the 9th century and was replaced by Mangup, first attested ca. 960, although the early medieval name may have survived in a corrupted form in the name of the Principality of Theodoro, which existed in the area in the late Middle Ages. In the mid-10th century, the Crimean Goths were Khazar vassals, before falling under the influence of competing powers: the Kievan Rus and the Kipchak tribal confederacy. The town was severely damaged by an earthquake in the 11th century, yet managed to maintain autonomy during the Mongol conquest of Crimea but was compelled to pay tribute to the Great Khan.

In ca. 1223, the towns of Gothia may have been tributary to the Empire of Trebizond, and in the late 13th/early 14th century Mangup became the centre of the Principality of Theodoro, whose ruling elite maintained Byzantine traditions and the use of the Greek language. The ruling dynasty, stemming from the area of Trebizond, was called Gabras (in Greek) or Chowra (in Turkish). In the late 14th century, one branch of the dynasty emigrated to Moscow, where they established the Simonov Monastery. The Khovrins, as they came to be known, were hereditary treasurers of Muscovy. In the 16th century, they changed their name to Golovin.

Between 1395 and 1404, Theodoro was under the control of Timur, but its prince, Alexios, managed to regain his independence after Timur's death, and his successors maintained it until the Ottoman conquest in 1475. In 1475, Stephen III of Moldavia sent his brother-in-law, Alexander Gabras, to Mangup with the purpose of replacing a local ruler from the Gabras family, who was Alexander's own brother and vassal to the Ottomans. In May that same year, the Ottoman commander Gedik Ahmet Pasha conquered Caffa and at the end of the year, after five months of besieging Mangup, the city fell to the assault. While much of the rest of Crimea remained part of the Crimean Khanate, now an Ottoman vassal, former lands of Theodoro and southern Crimea was administered directly by the Sublime Porte.

After the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, many Greek-speaking Qaraites decided to migrate to the Mangup and Chufut-Kale as these places had a familiar Christian Greek culture.

The Turkish historian Djennebi mention that in 1475, after the taking of Caffa, Gedik Ahmet Pasha decided to take possession of the fortress of Mankup. The Greeks established themselves therein and defended it but the Turks captured the fortress. The siege of Mangup lasted for half a year and the Turks used cannons.

The town's inexorable decline continued. In 1774 the fortress was abandoned by the Turkish garrison. The last inhabitants, a small community of Karaims, abandoned the site in the 1790s.

In 1901, a Greek inscription was discovered in the city. The inscription shows that in 1503, almost thirty years after the Turkish conquest, the inhabitants of Mankup still spoke Greek and were taking care to restore the walls of their city. From the inscription, historians learned that the population of Mankup was under the power of a Turkish governor.

In 1913, a Greek inscription was found in a basilica which mentions the Emperor Justinian. The inscription proves that under Justinian the city was already important enough to be considered by the Emperor. The same year another Greek inscription was discovered which invokes the blessing of Jesus Christ upon the builders of the wall.

Βyzantine bronze weights excavated at Mangup supply evidence that the residents followed the imperial weighting system.

title: Mangup


text: Talk:Virginia Military Institute

title: Talk:Virginia Military Institute


text: Category:697 BC deaths

title: Category:697 BC deaths


text:
Bayani Agbayani

Bayani Rogacion Jr. (born January 3, 1969), known professionally as Bayani Agbayani, is a Filipino host, actor, singer, and comedian. After 15 years at ABS-CBN, he shuttled between his original home studio GMA Network and TV5 for the time being from 2008 to 2014 before moving back to ABS-CBN once more. Most of his television shows involves hosting, though he starred in several sitcoms. Most of his films involve actions with comedy. He is a graduate of Mass Communication in Broadcasting at the Polytechnic University of the Philippines.

Early life
Bayani Agbayani was born as Bayani Rogacion Jr. on January 3, 1969, in Silang, Cavite. He worked as a vendor and porter to support himself in college. Agbayani is a practicing Roman Catholic. And also worked as extra in the television show of the late Apeng Daldal "Cafeteria Aroma" on GMA Network.

Career
Upon graduating from college, Agbayani was hired by GMA Network as one of the production staff for the then noontime show Lunch Date. When the show was reformatted to SST: Salo-Salo Together, he was absorbed into the new show and started appearing occasionally as an extra during the show's segment skits. He eventually started appearing on camera (he was introduced by the mononym Bayani) since then as the show's resident sidekick and comic relief, until SST: Salo-Salo Together moved to an earlier time slot to give way to erstwhile rival Eat Bulaga! in the GMA noontime slot. When SST: Salo-Salo Together bade farewell and was replaced by Katok Mga Misis!, he stayed on until 1996. He hired Cornelia "Angge" Lee as his talent manager who subsequently transferred him to ABS-CBN. He later on assumed the screen name Bayani Agbayani when he transferred to ABS-CBN in 1996. He is the official debut movie was Wanted Perfect Murder with the comedian Redford White (late) and Eric Quizon and was released in 1997. He also appeared earlier in 1994 in the movie Forever with Mikee Cojuangco and Aga Muhlach but was uncredited.

Agbayani ventured appeared mostly in some comedy movies like Pera o Bayong, Mana Mana, Tiba Tiba, Otso-Otso Pamela-Mela-Wan, Walang Iwanan, Peksman, and Sangano't Sanggago; sitcoms such as Super Laff-In, Kaya ni Mister, Kaya ni Misis and ''Okay, Fine! Whatever!; and noontime shows like Magandang Tanghali Bayan''.

Agbayani captured the heart of Filipino viewers through his wit and sense of humor.

He returned to his original TV network, GMA Network, with Diz Iz It!, a variety-talent show. He also worked at SRO Cinemaserye, First Time, and his returning sitcom, JejeMom in 2010 with his co-star Eugene Domingo.

In 2012, Agbayani is former mainstay and contract artist of TV5.

In 2015, Agbayani returns home to ABS-CBN after 10 years, he's now a new co-host for It's Showtime newest comedy segment, My Funny One, the same year and Bayani is also part of the cast in Pangako Sa 'Yo.

In 2017, Agbayani became a SING-vestigator in the Philippine edition of the mystery music game show, I Can See Your Voice. The 5th episode of the first season was his first appearance as a SING-vestigator.

Other ventures
In January 2022, Agbayani became an official endorser of the online cockfighting (or e-sabong) application Sabong International operated by Visayas Cockers Club Inc.

Personal life
He is married to Lenlen and has four children.

title: Bayani Agbayani


text:
Talk:Subject-object based metaphysics

Original research
The claim was made by user:Niteowlneils that this "smells like original research" I looked up this so called term and realize that it is the very thing that keeps wikipedia so static. Anyhow, it is to some extent necessary. So to address your remark I will say that this is Robert Pirsig's term for something that is crucial to another article the Metaphysics of Quality and the sources are his two books. Defining the "subject object metaphysics" in its own entry is no different than creating an entry for a character in a Dickens novel e.g. Ebenezer Scrooge... so you can't call this "original research"  I'm not introducing anything... real "original research" would be if I went out on the street and discovered something about the world and created an article about it. For example... lets say I proposed a theory about cats, and how all the cats on my street are pregnant... THAT is original research. What I did here was a small piece of a "book report." Haha and I am sorry for my poor abilities with spelling and grammar... that is why there are wonderful people like you to go around cleaning up for messy people like me... I mean this sincerely, thank you. Without more detail oriented peopel this whole project would be a mess haha --Wraybm1 01:53, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Subject-object based metaphysics


text:
Institute 22

The Institute 22 organization was created in 1978, by the Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Defense in the Soviet Union. Its mission was to investigate UFOs in the Soviet Union. Institute 22 was a secret organization for 13 years (until the fall of the Soviet Union), and can be compared to the American Project Blue Book.

During its existence a great number of soldiers, sailors and pilots of the Soviet Army were given orders to watch for UFOs and other unexplained events, without any further information. The orders could be handed out quite easily since the Ministry of Defense was involved - thus no questions could be asked.

Institute 22 have investigated around 3000 UFO reports. About 5-10% of all cases remained unexplained when the organization dissolved.

There is a conspiracy theory that Institute 22 was involved in a cover-up of a near-nuclear launch. In 1982, one of the Soviet Nuclear Bases was brought online, and for no apparent reason a nuclear missile was ready to launch. After 30 seconds of panic and chaos, the launch was aborted as mysteriously as it had appeared. Later, witnesses said that there had been some UFO activity near the area of the base - thus the reason for Institute 22's involvement and cover-up.

The UFOs were explained as flares, which the Army was testing from a higher altitude. The nuclear crisis was explained as a simple test.

title: Institute 22


text:
Vancouver Public Library

Vancouver Public Library (VPL) is the public library system for the city of Vancouver, British Columbia. In 2013, VPL had more than 6.9 million visits with patrons borrowing nearly 9.5 million items including: books, ebooks, CDs, DVDs, video games, newspapers and magazines. Across 22 locations and online, VPL serves nearly 428,000 active members and is the third-largest public library system in Canada.

Services
The Vancouver Public Library includes a large collection of books and digital content. The library provides community information, programs for children, youth, and adults, and delivery to homebound individuals. In addition, the library also provides access to information and reference services, text databases, interlibrary loan services.

One Book, One Vancouver
One Book, One Vancouver was a citywide book club sponsored by the Vancouver Public Library. Titles were selected by the library staff, who voted on one of four titles presented by the One Book, One Vancouver Organizing Committee. It was discontinued after 2010.
 * 2002: The Jade Peony – Wayson Choy
 * 2003: Stanley Park – Timothy Taylor
 * 2004: The Corporation: The Pathological Pursuit of Profit and Power – Joel Bakan
 * 2005: Obasan – Joy Kogawa
 * 2006: There is a Season: A Memoir in a Garden – Patrick Lane
 * 2007: My Year of Meats – Ruth Ozeki
 * 2008: The Five Books of Moses Lapinsky – Aren X. Tulchinsky
 * 2009: The Crazy Canucks: Canada's Legendary Ski Team – Janet Love Morrison
 * 2009: The Farm Team – Linda Bailey
 * 2010: The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy – Douglas Adams

History
In January 1869, the manager of the Hastings Mill, J.A. Raymur, started the New London Mechanics Institute, a meeting room and library for mill employees. In March 1869, it was renamed the Hastings Literary Institute, in honour of Rear Admiral the Honourable George Fowler Hastings. No official records of the Hastings Literary Institute have survived, but it is known that membership was by subscription. The Hastings Literary Institute continued to exist until the Granville area was incorporated as part of the new City of Vancouver on 6 April 1886.

Following the Great Vancouver Fire on 13 June 1886, 400 books from the now-defunct Hastings Literary Institute were donated to the newly established Vancouver Reading Room. In December 1887, the Reading Room opened at 144 West Cordova Street, above the Thomas Dunn and Company hardware store. It was also known as the Vancouver Free Library and the Vancouver Free Reading Room and Library.

By the late 1890s, the Free Reading Room and Library in the YMCA Building on West Hastings had become overcrowded. During this period, the American industrialist and philanthropist Andrew Carnegie was giving money to cities and towns to build libraries. In 1901, the City of Vancouver approached Carnegie about donating money for a new library to replace the space in the YMCA Building. In 1901, American steel magnate, Andrew Carnegie agreed to donate $50,000 to build a city library if Vancouver would provide free land and $5,000 annually to support its operation. A fight immediately developed between East and West side Vancouver as to who would get the new cultural institution. A public plebiscite fixed the site at Hastings and Westminster (now Main) Streets, next door to the first City Hall. The cornerstone was laid by the Grand Lodge of the Masonic Order on 29 March 1902 and under it were placed Masonic documents, a copy of the city's Act of Incorporation, lists of various officials and examples of the postage stamps and coins then in use. The building was designed by Vancouver architect George Grant and is in the style of Romanesque Renaissance, with a domed Ionic portico and French mansard roof. Granite for the foundation came from Indian Arm and sandstone for the 10" thick walls came from Gabriola Island. A fantastic marble, spiral staircase was built by Albion Iron Works of Victoria. It cost $2.279 million and 9,888 pounds of steel and iron were used. A large multi-panel stained glass window with 3 smaller windows below was designed and crafted by N.T. Lyon of Toronto. Depicted in the windows are John Milton, William Shakespeare, Robert Burns, Sir Walter Scott, Sir Thomas More, and Edmund Spenser. The 3 small windows were removed in 1958 when the library was converted into the museum. They were missing for many years but were located intact and returned to the building in 1985. Inside was hardwood panelled walls and ceilings and oak floors. The rooms were heated by eight fireplaces. There were special reading rooms for ladies and for children, a chess room, newspaper reading room, picture gallery, lecture hall, and on the third floor the Art, Historical and Scientific Association (now called the Vancouver Museum). The library opened in November 1903. This branch is now primarily used as a community centre for residents of the Downtown East Side neighbourhood. The Vancouver Public Library continued to occupy the Hastings and Main site until the opening of a new central library at 750 Burrard Street in 1957. The move from the Carnegie site to the new location at 750 Burrard began in mid-October 1957, and the official opening of the new library was held on 1 November 1957. The library remained at the Burrard building until 22 April 1995, when it closed in preparation for the move to a new location at Library Square (350 West Georgia Street). The central branch opened in Downtown Vancouver on 26 May 1995 and cost CAD $106.8 million to build.

In September 2009, the library cancelled a room booking made by the group Exit International to hold a workshop by Philip Nitschke about assisted suicide. The cancellation came despite months of negotiation between Exit and library administration. The library stated that it had received a legal opinion stating the workshop as described could contravene Canada's Criminal Code, but would not make the opinion public. The workshop was held at Vancouver's Unitarian Church. "Whatever the reasons of the library were, it's obviously not affecting the decision by the Unitarian Church," Dr. Nitschke said. David Eby, executive director of the BC Civil Liberties Association, which failed to get the ban lifted, said "Usually, librarians are our closest allies in this free-speech debate."

City librarians

 * George Pollay (1887–1890)
 * James Edwin Machin (1892–1910)
 * Alfred E. Goodman (1910)
 * Robert Waite Douglas, city librarian (1911–1924)
 * Edgar Stewart Robinson, director (1924–1957)
 * Peter Grossman, director (1957–1969)
 * Morton P. Jordan, director (1970–1978)
 * George C. Wootton, director (1979–1983)
 * Aileen Tufts, director (1984–1987)
 * Madge Aalto, director (1988–2003)
 * Paul Whitney, city librarian (2003–2010)
 * Sandra Singh, chief librarian (2010–2018)
 * Christina de Castell, chief librarian (2018–present)

Branches
In 1927 the first permanent branch was opened in Kitsilano (2375 West Fourth Avenue). Sixteen years later, in 1943, the second branch, Kerrisdale (Forty-second Avenue and West Boulevard), came into service. Other branches followed throughout the years, with the last branch, the Terry Salman Branch, opening in 2011. The Strathcona Branch, which shared its collection and facilities with Lord Strathcona Elementary School, was removed from the system in 2016, pending the opening of the nə́c̓aʔmat ct Strathcona Branch. The new branch opened in the same community in 2017. The Vancouver Public Library system now consists of 22 branches situated throughout the city. Since 2013, all branches are open at least Tuesday through Sunday. The administration centre, and also the largest branch, known as the Central Branch, is located at Library Square in downtown Vancouver.

The oldest existing branch, the Kitsilano branch, is the regional reference library for the North Area division of the Libraries. The largest non-Central branch in terms of volumes held, is the Renfrew Branch, with 325,000 volumes. The Renfrew Branch is listed as having the largest square footage, at 16,000 square feet, while the Kensington branch at 7,100 square feet is one of the larger branch libraries.

The approximate number of volumes in each VPL branch are: • # Central: 1.4 million

• # Renfrew: 325,000

• # Mount Pleasant: 200,000

• # Kitsilano: 110,000

• # Oakridge: 82,000

• # Terry Salman: 81,000

• # Joe Fortes: 80,000

• # Dunbar: 75,000

• # Hastings: 74,000

• # Britannia: 70,000

• # Firehall: 60,000

• # West Point Grey: 59,000

• # Kensington: 58,000

• # Champlain Heights: 51,000

• # Marpole: 39,000

• # Collingwood: 50,000

• # Fraserview: 49,000

• # Kerrisdale: 48,000

• # Outreach: 37,000

• # South Hill: 30,000

• # nə́c̓aʔmat ct Strathcona: 28,000

• # Carnegie: 11,000

Central branch
Consolidating Vancouver Public Library's Central Branch, Federal Office Tower, and retail and service facilities, the Library Square occupies a city block in Downtown Vancouver. Centred on the block, the library is a nine-story rectangular box containing book stacks and services, surrounded by a free-standing, elliptical, colonnaded wall featuring reading and study areas that are accessed by bridges spanning skylit light wells. The building is located in the eastern portion of the Vancouver Central Business District. The address of the library is 350 West Georgia Street, and the Federal office tower is addressed at 300 West Georgia Street. Levels 8 and 9 were previously leased to the Provincial government. Their address was 360 West Georgia Street.

VPL Central branch internal glass facade overlooks an enclosed concourse formed by a second elliptical wall that defines the east side of the site. This glass-roofed concourse serves as an entry foyer to the library and the more lively pedestrian activities at ground level. Public spaces surrounding the library form a continuous piazza with parking located below grade. The building's exterior resembles the current appearance of the Colosseum in Rome. Adjacent to the Central Branch is Library Square, a public square is bordered by Robson Street, Homer Street, West Georgia Street, and Hamilton Street. Across West Georgia Street is Canada Post. Across Hamilton Street is the CBC Regional Broadcast Centre Vancouver. Across Homer street is The Centre in Vancouver for the Performing Arts, (formerly The Ford Centre for the Performing Arts) designed by Moshe Safdie as a complementary building to library square. The Library Square Project was the largest capital project ever undertaken by the City of Vancouver. The decision to build the project came after a favourable public referendum in November 1990. The city then held a design competition to choose a design for the new building. The design by Safdie and DA Architects was by far the most radical design and yet was the public favourite. 70% of the public liked the Safdie scheme as a "unique, imaginative, exciting, interesting building." The inclusion of the 21 story office tower in the design was required in order to pay for it and as part of a deal with the federal government to obtain the land; the federal government has a long term lease on the high rise office tower portion of the project. Construction began in early 1993 and was completed in 1995. In the year following the new library's opening, library visitors increased by 800,000.

In addition to its function as the central branch of the city's public library system, the one square block project includes an attached office high-rise, retail shops, restaurants, and underground public parking. The Library building has a rooftop garden designed by Vancouver landscape architect Cornelia Oberlander. The roof garden is accessible by the public. The new 8,000-sq-ft rooftop garden and the expansion to Level 9 were built at a cost of $15.5 million; they opened to the public in September 2018. The expansion is LEED Gold CIv1 certified, managed by Light House Sustainable Building Centre.

Statistics
Library building (including retail and parking)
 * 9 stories
 * 37,000 square metres (398,000 square feet)
 * the 1.3 million books, periodicals, and other reference materials are moved through the building by vertical and horizontal conveyors
 * 51 km of cable are laid throughout the building, including a fibre optic backbone
 * seating capacity: 1200+
 * 700+ parking stalls and a few bicycle racks
 * top two floors were leased by the Government of British Columbia until 2015 and are now part of the library. They include meeting space, study space, roof garden and exhibition space.
 * approximate cost: CAD $107 million

title: Vancouver Public Library


text: Category:652 BC deaths

title: Category:652 BC deaths


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Robert Cole

Robert Cole may refer to:

Entertainment

 * Robert William Cole (1869–1937), British writer
 * Bob Cole (composer) (1868–1911), American composer
 * Bobby Cole (musician) (1932–1996), American musician

Sports

 * Bob Cole (cricketer) (born 1938), former English cricketer
 * Bob Cole (sportscaster) (1933–2024), Canadian sports announcer
 * Bobby Cole (golfer) (born 1948), South African golfer

Other

 * Robert Cole (MP), Member of Parliament for Gloucester
 * Robert G. Cole (1915–1944), American soldier who received the Medal of Honor
 * Robert MacFarlan Cole III (1889–1986), American chemical engineer, inventor, and author

title: Robert Cole