text:
Talk:Chudnovsky brothers

About their father
in Ukrainian: https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Чудновський_Вольф_Григорович — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.135.170.23 (talk) 20:46, 7 November 2020 (UTC)

Untitled
Are these guys in any way related to π the movie? Their computation of π in a small appartment with a hommade computer resembles some of plot of the film. —BenFrantzDale 02:19, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)

funny
Chudnovsky is a funny word in Russian... --BorisFromStockdale 20:22, 17 March 2006 (UTC)
 * What is it in English? --  127 . * . * . 1  21:18, 17 March 2006 (UTC)

Split up into two entries?
Does anyone else think that maybe this should be split up into two entries, or maybe two entries in addition to this one, seeing as Gregory Chudnovsky received a MacArthur Fellowship in 1981? cbustapeck 14:14, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

There was an article about the brothers in The New Yorker called "The Mountains of Pi" dated March 2, 1992.Rjcm 01:38, 23 June 2007 (UTC)Rjcm

Review comments
Some suggestions for improvement as the article is expanded:

Espresso Addict 00:48, 24 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Consideration should be given to splitting the article into separate articles covering the contributions of the two brothers
 * Template:Infobox Scientist should be added
 * Photograph should be added from a source with a free license
 * Basic biographical information required, including date of birth, positions held with dates
 * After expansion, the main body of the article should be divided into appropriate subheadings
 * Information on research should be expanded, and references required
 * A list of key publications would be interesting
 * References should be expanded and preferably converted to inline format. The details for the 1992 New Yorker article cited are required
 * External links present which could be used to expand article

Relation to Maria Chudnovsky
Are these two relatives of Maria Chudnovsky? Given Maria and Gregory are both Soviet-born mathematicians living in the northeast US, won McArthur Fellowships, and share a last name, this is a natural question. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.215.104.157 (talk) 10:52, 14 October 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chudnovsky brothers


text:
Talk:Square One Shopping Centre

pasted from article page for future use
The Mississauga Central Lions Club has managed a large farmers market in the parking lots adjacent to Square One from 1975 through 2013. In 2014 the farmers market relocated to the parking lot at 3 Robert Speck Parkway, just one block east of Hurontario Street and renamed itself as The Mississauga Central Lions Club "Lions Farmers Market". Current details on the Lions Farmers Market may be found at http://LionsFarmersMkt.com. The Market is open from 8am - 4pm on Sundays, between early June and late October annually. It remains one of the largest farmers markets in Ontario. Over its history the market has been in five sites around Square One: first by Mississauga's first City Hall (demolished many years ago), then it was at the far north end of the Walmart Supercentre parking lot for many years, in 2006 it moved to the south side of the mall, to the parking lot adjacent to the Mississauga Civic Centre. For the 2007 season, the market was moved again, this time to a larger location at the northwest parking lot of the mall, near what was then the Zellers store which was taken over by Target (in 2013). The market was moved last in 2010 to the parking lot of the Cineplex Cinemas Mississauga (formerly Coliseum Mississauga) at 309 Rathburn Road West. The IMG tag says screenshot of a webpage, but that implies the entire webpage, not a single photo from the mall's corporate site. Cuz you're essentially taking the photo from the webpage and it's not necessarily fair use. Gsingh (talk) 00:06, 15 January 2017 (UTC)

Also, the layout was messing up the paragraph layout; the pics were covering the actual text of the article. --Madchester 02:20, 2005 Apr 23 (UTC)

I've seen that pic before and it's not a screenshot. It's straight from the Square One webpage and you basically saved the pic from your harddrive to upload it. That's not allowed and we already have an appropriate photo taken by a local user anyway. --70.27.20.140 00:57, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I'd like to help
I am a member of the AMA and I've been asked to take a look at this page and see if I can't resolve a conflcit invovling pictures. Let me know if it is not too late or if you need assistance. I am willing to be an informal mediator (try to help the aprties work out a deal) or an informal arbitrator (here evidence and offer my non-binding opinion). I'd love to be able to help. Just let me know.Gator (talk) 13:32, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

Ok, I've heard from Mb, what about you Madchester. Would you like me to mediate or would you like me to arbitrate. It sounds like Mb wants me to arbitrate and offer an opinion, but I will not take any action until I hear from both parties. Let's, for now, keep all discussion about this here ant on my talk page.Gator (talk) 17:38, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

That last layout by MB1000 wasn't so bad. Jok2000 13:57, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

Ok, I've heard form both sides. They both made their arguments and they both seem to indicate that they want my opinion. I would be willing to render my opinion on the matter if that is the case. I will examine the two versions and think about it and any possible compromises and will offer my opinion shortly. If, in the meantime, either of you do not want a third party neutral opinion in favor of another option such as mediation, please let me know.Gator (talk) 14:03, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

In response to Mb1000 on my talk apge (let's keep this stuff here please) I was aware of your recent edits and am basing my opinion off that version versus Madchesters. Thanks.Gator (talk) 16:37, 16 December 2005 (UTC)

AMA Neutral's Opinion
Summary

Two users, Mb1000 and Madchester were engaged in a ongoing dispute regarding the proper placement and size of pictures in the Square One Shopping Centre article that had devolved into an edit war. I was asked by Mb1000 to render a neutral opinion regarding two different page versions:, by Mb1000, versus Madchester's version at. After obtaining Manchester's consent I accepted the matter.

Policy/Source of Opinion: Madchester has cited the Wiki-policy that Wikipedia is not a mirror or a repository of links, images, or media files as a source for his belief that the pictures, or the placement of those pictures by Mb1000 was inapprporiate. He/she also argued that the artcile was too short to have three photos and that his compromsie solution involving a gallery of the excess two photos at the bottom of the article was a fair compromise given the length of the article. Apart from the policy, I also based my third party neutral opinion off an examination of the two page versions in an attempt to determine whether one version was "cluttered" or whether, asthetically speaking, one version was more pleasing than the other.

Opinion: It is my unbiased opinion that Mb1000's version of the page at  is superior. I examined the policy cited by Madchester and believe that neither version of the page violates this policy. Madchester was concerned that the pictures clutter the text, but Mb1000's latest version seems to do no such thing. In fact, in my opinion, the gallery version of the page seems rather awkward.

While there are a large number of pictures for such a short article, Mb1000's placement of them as of December 16, 2005 at 03:50 is not, in my opinion, in violation of policy and is more pleasing to the eye.

Thus, the only really relevant criteria to make my determiantion was asthetics. I understand that Madchester beleives that his/her version is superior, but, as a third party neutral, I was asked to give my neutral opinion as an uninvolved third-party. In my opinion, Mb1000's version is more asthetically pleasing than the gallery compromise that Madchester has put forth.

Recommendations: The one thing that struck me about this was that there was virtually no discussion of this issue on the article's talk page. It was almost completely contained within Mb1000 and Manchester's respective talk pages. I would recommend that debates concerning articles be kept within the article's talk page as much as possible so as to promote as much outside discussion and bring in as many outside opinions as possible. I believe the edit war that developed here was largely do to this strategy of negotiation. Further, I want to compliment Madchester for his compromise gallery proposal, as it helped ease tensions.

Please keep in mind that my opinion is based almost entirely on my personal fact finding and preferences and, as this opinion is in no way binding upon the parties, I can only hope my assistance in this matter helps to persuade the parties to put this behind them and move forward. Thank you for your AMA request and please think of me if you need anything in the future.Gator (talk) 16:42, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

Images
Upon review of Wikipedia:Images - Image choice and placement, it suggests that articles with more than one photo require a variety of text as a compliment. Unless the article is substantially expanded, comme Toronto Eaton Centre, Mall of America, there really isn't a justification to crowd the article with so many photos. --Madchester 18:17, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

In order for me to have made a fair and neutral evaluation it was important for all parties to present relevant arguments and evidence to me before I made a determinaiton (which was I allowed some time to pass before rending my decision) and not wait until a final decision is handed down. Howevever given as how I did not make this clear before taking htis under advisement and in the intertest of good will, I have examned this policy as well and believe that there is a sufficient variety of text for the photos to be in compliance with this policy as well.

In all frankness, this issue is really about personal preference and not so much about policy. I'm sorry my decision did not go in your favor this time, but I hope that everyone involved will be able to move forward from here and that the dit war will cease. Thanks again for the request, I hope I was able to be of some assistance.Gator (talk) 20:07, 17 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I have removed one image, as per Images. Please provide a copyright source for the other image within the next seven days or else it will be tagged for deletion. Thank you. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 00:08, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Once again I have removed the image. As the article has not been expanded to the length where it can support more than two images, its presence is unnecessary. Perhaps it could be restored after significant improvement has been inflicted upon the article. Also, please provide copyright rationale for the first image, or it will be tagged for deletion in approximately one week. Thank you again. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 01:44, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

 * The copyright rationale confuses me; who created the actual image of the shopping centre? If someone does this, it does not grant them permission to sell or lease the image whatever way they want; the same with the images placed at Cool (song). Although they were uploaded by someone who took screen captions of them, they are not entitled to distribute them as pleased. Therefore, your images must contain fair use rationale. See the images at Cool (song) for an example. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 15:35, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I will be addressing this situation with User:Carnildo as your intolerance is becoming rather bothersome. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 00:26, 19 December 2005 (UTC)

I do not appreciate other users caling me intolerant. --Mb1000 21:17, 19 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Then do not persist in placing the third image in the article. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 01:23, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

Then do not persist in removing it. --Mb1000 02:47, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

Blackout

 * How is the information in the article on the blackout relevant to Square One? Thousands of malls had to be evacuated and were closed until the power supply was restored and reliable -- Square One is not unique whatsoever in this respect.  This section should really be deleted. Skeezix1000 14:07, 20 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I believe Mb1000 added those details to inflate the word count, and thus justify his decision to cram the page with 3 photos. B/c at the moment, the page doesn't really follow Images' guidelines. --Madchester 17:08, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

Actually, the information is very relevant. People may wonder what happened at the mall on the day of the blackout, so I decided to include the information. As for you, Madchester, please abide by this policy, thank you. --Mb1000 18:42, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree with both User:Madchester and User:Skeezix1000. The information is certainly irrelevant, and was added to expand the article for the sake of the third image. I'm actually going to request for User:Carnildo to try and sort out this mess. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 20:40, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

This mess they ye have created. --Mb1000 21:12, 20 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Yet it isn't us who have materialised the mess. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 03:12, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Oh, I beg to differ. --Mb1000 03:31, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Then beg. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 20:47, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

Enough is Enough

Enough is Enough. This edit war has been going on long enough. My version, with or without the section on the Blackout, does NOT, in any way, violate the Wikipedia Images policy. Period. Read the above opinion by User:Gator1, a member of the AMA.

User:Madchester and his henchmen have tried time and again to disfigure this article by various means. They think I am going to concede and surrender. I shall NEVER give up, I shall NEVER surrender! Whatever the cost may be! So Madchester and Company: Just give up. --Mb1000 21:05, 30 December 2005 (UTC)

 * 2 things to point out:

 * 1) An AMA decision is not final. As Gator said, "as this opinion is in no way binding upon the parties".  His opinion was made  before I brought up evidence of WP:Image, which was pointed out to me by Hollow Wilerding when I made a similar mistake by putting 2 photos without enough accompanying text.  The informal Straw Poll of opinions suggests that WP:Image should be followed.
 * 2) Don't disrupt Wikipedia to illustrate a point, if you have an issue with the page layout, propose certain changes to WP:Image instead of making unilateral edits to challenge existing policy. Such disruptions, comme "I shall NEVER give up,  I shall NEVER surrender!" inhibit the normal functioning of Wikipedia and can result in a block, according to the site's Blocking Policy.

 * Thanks, --Madchester 21:35, 30 December 2005 (UTC)

I've remained silent just watching this entire episode and, apart from my opinion on the policy, this is just ridiculous.

Madchester: serious question now, if you didn't care what I had to say and were sure enough in your opinion on policy that it didn't matter what anyone else had to say and you were only going to listen and stop this reverting if I agreed with you then why did you consent to me giving my third party neutral opinion? I mean it wasn't binding, but why did you even bother listening to an opinion if it didn't matter. Did I just completely waste my time looking at your case and the policies on a Saturday?Gator (talk) 21:25, 30 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Gator, I respect your opinion, but as I indicated above, it was before WP:Image was brought to my attention. I've actually been rational in this whole situation, referring to existing WP policies when making my points. I've never resorted to the name-calling and verbal tirades that some of the other editors have been engaged in. Cheers, --Madchester 21:45, 30 December 2005 (UTC)

You brought that policy to my attention I gave you an opinion on it too after you brought it to my attention so my original question stands. I don;t think any of these polcies dicate that Mb's version is unacceptable, it's a matter of preference. But more importantly (I don;t care if you disagree with me) Why did you seem to care what I had to say if you had no intention of changin yuor behavior if I ruled against you? If you were so sure about your policy interpretations, you should have just refused to hear what I had to say instead of seeming itnerested and then saying its not binding and then reverting to your previosu behavior. What was the point?! That's all I'm saying. I wish I didn't waste 1/2 a Saturday trying to "help." Next time: Just say No.Gator (talk) 21:52, 30 December 2005 (UTC)

Finally, someone agrees with me! Thank you, Gator! Madchester and his team must be mad as hell! Oh, and by the way, Gator, if you are an alligator please bite Madchester right on the ass! Thanks. --Mb1000 02:03, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

 * I have taken the time to move the comment made by Carnildo to the spaced provided below as to let the message sink in to Mb1000. The following states:

 * My opinion is that the Square One logo (Image:Squareonelogo.jpg) is clearly appropriate, and should go at the top of the article. If there's such a thing as a "mall infobox", the logo should be part of that.  The aerial photo should also stay, even though it's not a very good picture, because it gives a sense of how big the mall is.  The view of an entrance (Image:Squareonepic.jpg) should be removed, because it is probably not a press kit photo despite being labeled as such, because it doesn't provide any significant information, and because it's quite possible for a Wikipedian with a camera to make a replacement (see Fair use). --Carnildo 00:08, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Since Carnildo appears to be an expert upon images, the article will be layed-out according to his instructions. I will be actioning the following within the next minutes. —Hollow Wilerding . . . (talk) 17:12, 31 December 2005 (UTC)

User:Mb1000, I am going to be seeking further assistance, because you are possibly breaking copyright laws, and if Wikipedia is perhaps sued, there is no telling what is going to happen. I request you to remove the city-side entrance image! If it is not, I am going to locate higher authority. —Hollow Wilerding. . . (talk) 02:38, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

Come on, look, this is my first edit war and I'm not enjoying it any more than you are. I have tried everything from being extra polite (at the begining) to being extra rude. I will now try to appeal to your common sense. My version is superior and yet you and Madchester have been 'haters' since day one. Please stop this petty and childish behavior. What are you trying to prove?

Also, the photograph in question is a promotional photograph. It is meant to promote the mall, and is thus promotional. The photograph is not available for licence anywhere because it was created by the mall with the express purpose of promotion. That is its purpose. Thank you for understanding. --Mb1000 03:02, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Actually, I recall making comments about Mb1000's image fair use issues months ago. (See page history for April 2005 and the top of this talk page).  The image had been a fair use violation.  Mb1000 had cropped a photo of the logo from the mall's website and used a  )  tag for it's licensing.  In one of his edit comements, Mb1000 claimed that "the picture in question does not violate copyright law, it is a screenshot of a webpage".  Unfortunately, you're not allowed to simply cut an image from a website and call it a "screenshot".  I originally reported the image for a fair use violation, and it was removed a week later.
 * Now, Mb1000 has once agained taken photos from the Sqaure One website, this time using the licensing tag of " ".  The problem here is that even if a photo is made available in some form of media, it doesn't mean that the public can freely use it for their own means.  As Carnildo indicated the photos are probably not available as press kit photos  The three criteria found in Publicity_photos would suggest that the Square One photo was not intended to be used for such promotional purposes.
 * However, even if a new and suitable photo is found, this doesn't mean that it can simply be added to the main body of the article. WP:Images suggests that there should be enough relevant text so that the photo can actually compliment the information.
 * --Madchester 20:32, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

Square One is the 2nd largest mall in Canada, not the third.
Please see this page from Square One Shopping Centre's official website and it clearly states that Square One is the second largest mall in Canada.

The following independent sources also agree:

 * Mississauga welcome page from the Credit Valley Hospital

 * Press release from menswear retailer Harry Rosen

--Mb1000 05:16, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

Two points on this: One, before the Metrotown expansion, Square One was clearly the second-largest mall in Canada, and this was widely publicized, so it's not surprising that some people keep repeating this factoid in press releases or what have you. It's also not surprising that Square One keeps making this claim, as being the second biggest is probably a big selling point for the mall when it come to attracting retailers and tourists. None of these claims are backed by any hard evidence. Based on the figures provided by Square One and Metrotown, Metrotown has at least 100,000 square feet more of retail space, and about 90 extra stores. These are the only figures I have seen regarding the size of the these two malls.

Two, there seem to be a number of different measures used to gauge the size of malls. For example, the Mall of America is famous as the biggest mall in the U.S., but it is actually only the biggest when it comes to total area. There are actually a number of American malls that are bigger when measured by amount of leaseable retail space. By that meassure, Metrotown would seem to be the bigger mall. If Square One's claim is based on the fact that it has a bigger total area, that should be supported by actual data on the areas of the two malls. The only other way Square One could claim to be bigger is if Metrotown is looked at as two seperate entities rather than a single mall. This is the case with the King of Prussia Mall, which claims to be the second-biggest mall in America, but on most lists is broken down into three smaller malls.

- timminspress 12/08/2006

Going by the data provided by the respective mall developers, Square One actually ranks behind the Eaton Centre and is thus the fourth largest mall in the country. 208.101.91.76 09:33, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

Charges brought against mall employee
Repeatedly, the user IP 162.53.103.225 (who also has other IPs) has added material to the article regarding the charges brought against a security guard employed by the mall's contractor. I had previously removed the material in question because it was not properly sourced, and for other reasons.

Even though now properly sourced, I have once again removed the material for the reason that Wikipedia is not a catalogue of the activities of employees of various organizations. For example, imagine if Wikipedia was to have information on every McDonald's employee that ever committed a crime while at work? Of course, if the crime or criminal is notable enough then it would be advisable for the article in question to contain information on the subject. This incident was anything but notable; it barely even made news in Mississauga, Ontario where the mall is located and where I am a resident.

I hope that I have here clarified my reasons for the removal of this particular material added by IP 162.53.103.225. --Mb1000 02:54, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

 * When you say "barely made news in Mississauga", you're wrong. It was on the front page of the Mississauga News. Not a global newspaper by any means, but still, the local news source for a city of 500 000. It also made the Toronto Star and smaller mentions in other papers as well. I have several family members and friends employed at the mall and I can tell you that this incident is still very prominent in their minds.\

No offense, but it sounds like you have an ax to grind. --Mb1000 22:25, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Right, the blackout that affected all of northeast North America should be mentioned, but a mall-related incident should be left out. There's no axe to grind here. You removed the paragraph due to lack of citation, and rightly so. Now there's a proper citation, so it should be left alone.

 * To the anon user, please read up on WP:LIBEL. No defamatory details about a person or organization are allowed on Wikipedia. --Madchester 16:22, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

You said it best: "all of northeast North America", not just one person. The blackout was a significant event that affected the mall for almost two days, and that actually made headlines. This incident is simply a claim by one person, and barely made headlines. Would you also like to add information on the mall employee that may or may not have stolen half a cookie while at work? Anyways, show some manners and sign using the 4 ~ like everyone else. And yes, I will revert again. --Mb1000 01:04, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

World's largest Wal-Mart?
There seem to be a number of different Wal-Marts that are claimed to be the biggest in the world. A newspaper story about the one in Honolulu says it is 317,000 square feet, nearly 100,000 square feet bigger than the Square One location's reported size. Perhaps it was the largest in the world when it opened, but it no longer seems to hold that title. --Timminspress 19:06, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I believe that this claim refers to regular, non-Supercenter Wal-Mart's. --Mb1000 20:12, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

What's the difference? What constitutes a Supercenter Wal-Mart, and how is it not still considered a Wal-Mart? 208.101.91.76 09:30, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

A supercenter is a Wal-Mart that includes a full grocery department, with fresh meats, vegetables... --Mb1000 18:23, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

But wouldn't a super-centre Wal-Mart still constitute a 'Wal-Mart' for the purposes of the awarding the title 'World's largest Wal-Mart'? 209.196.238.142 07:27, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

 * A Wal-Mart by any other name... Brown168 19:16, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

First of all, I disagree that a Wal-Mart Supercenter is a regular Wal-Mart. But even if it is, what proof is there that Wal-Mart Square One is not still the largest in the world? The comment is properly sourced, and I will thus, for the time being, continue to revert changes to it until someone can prove, using a reputable source, the there is, in fact, a Wal-Mart that is larger. And in the interest of fairness, I will be emailing Wal-Mart Canada myself to ask them about this issue, and I advise anybody else interested to do so, in order to verify my claim. --Mb1000 00:46, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

Here's a description of the Hawaii Wal-Mart Hawaii " Wal-Mart currently has a two-story project under construction, with a Sam's Club on top of a ground-level Wal-Mart, each with a 150,000-square-foot footprint. The building will include an extra 4,000 square feet for other tenants, as well as a four-story, 1,700-car garage." Sounds like two seperate stores. 208.101.91.76 01:52, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

 * In retrospect, I agree with Mb1000 on this one. I was simply taking someone else's assertion that the Honolulu store was larger at face value. Upon quickly researching the store in question, yes, it does appear to be two separate entities in the same complex, one being a Sam's Club. Still, I find it hard to believe that with all the Wal-Mart stores built since, the Square One location is still the largest. Hopefully, you get a response from Wal-Mart head office. Brown168 02:28, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

From the New York Times (A Wal-Mart for Mexico City, August 30, 1993) "Wal-Mart Stores Inc., the biggest United States retailer, will soon open a 244,000-square-foot Supercenter here in the world's largest city. ... The Supercenter, which will be Wal-Mart's biggest, is in a concrete building in Plaza Oriente, a new American-type strip-shopping mall in the working class neighborhood of Iztapalapa in the eastern part of the city."

And bear in mind that this was 13 years ago, so there may well have larger Wal-Marts built since. The whole "Wal-Mart Supercenter not being a Wal-Mart" argument doesn't really seem to make much logical sense. Perhaps a more accurate claim to make for Square One is that it has the world's largest non-supercenter Wal-Mart. 208.101.91.76 05:56, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

I just recieved the call from Wal-Mart Canada Head Office in response to my enquiry. The person who I spoke to informed me that the Square One Wal-Mart is no longer the largest Wal-Mart in the world, but is now the second largest, after a Wal-Mart located in Brazil. This includes Supercenter Wal-Marts, and is based on the total square footage of the store. I will be updating and correcting the article shortly. --Mb1000 17:08, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

Did they explain how 220,000 is bigger than 244,000? It seems reasonable, that given the verified size of the Mexico City Wal-Mart, you would have to cite a source showing the Square One Wal-Mart is bigger than 244,000 square feet before you could call it North America's largest. Also that sounds like orginal research, which I understood that Wikipedia disallows. Unless a verifiable, existing source can be found that shows the Square One Wal-Mart is the world's second biggest, it would be better to simply say that it's one of the world's biggest. Timminspress 20:09, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

"See also" section
I have repeatedly removed the "See also" section and the internal link contained within it for the reason that the list to which it links is quite confusing and defective. As I mention on it's talk page, it does not set criteria properly. For example, the Toronto Eaton Centre is slightly larger than Square One by square footage, but has, at the least, 30 less retailers. It is only larger by square footage, not by number of stores. The list therefore should mention that it is a list of the largest Canadian malls by square footage. Therefore I will continue to revert these internal link additions to the Square One article until these issues have been addressed. In order to speed this process as much as possible, I will try to work on the list to make it compatable with reasonable quality standards. --Mb1000 03:39, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

While it's true that there's basically an infinite number of ways to measure the size of a mall, the total amount of retail space, or gross leasable area, seems to be the industry standard, and also the most logical. Largeness is a measure of size, not the number of parts something is comprised of, so measuring the largeness of a mall based on the number of stores doesn't really make much sense. By that logic you could say that a house with five rooms is a bigger building than an aircraft hanger. The other main possible measure would be total overall area. If you want to compile a list based on that data, go ahead, but then you're going to run into a lot of issues with malls that contain large nonretail areas, such as amusement parks or hotels, which is why the mall size is almost always measured in GLA. I think this article has been edited with more of a focus on keeping alive an outdated PR claim than on reflecting an objective version of the truth. Timminspress 05:00, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

 * I couldn't agree more. One would almost think that Mb1000 works for Oxford or something. Brown168 10:58, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

One of the largest in Ontario
I have edited the article to remove the claim that Square One is the largest mall in Ontario. I feel this is justified, based on the points raised above about there being no one agreed upon measure of mall largeness. Square One may be largest in terms of number of stores (which, again, I don't feel is a measure of size) but it only second biggest when measured in terms of gross leasable area. If the claim was meant to be based on the fact that Square One has the largest total area (i.e. including corridors, food court space etc.) then this should be supported by some sort of sourced data.

Also, saying Square One is one of the largest malls in North America may be a bit of an overstatement, considering that it wouldn't even rank on this list of the 18 largest malls in America. One of the largest malls in Canada would be a more reasonable claim to make, but whatever.

Plus, as long as I'm being pedantic about claims made in this article, an estimate of 20 minutes to drive from Square One to downtown Toronto strikes me a tad optimistic. Maybe if you hit nothing but green lights and there wasn't much traffic on the highway, but there are times when the mall is so busy that it can take five or ten minutes just to get out of the parking lot. Considering how widely driving times can vary, perhaps distance (28 km in this case) would be a better stat. Timminspress 06:31, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

An Ontario mall with more stores
It can't truthfully be claimed that Square One (with 360 store) is the largest mall in Ontario based on number of stores, because the Pacific Mall in Markham has 400 stores. Yet Pacific Mall has less than a fifth of Square One's gross leasable area. I think that is a pretty clear example of why it makes no sense to measure the largeness of a mall based on the number of stores. It seems a bit crazy to say that a 270,000 square foot mall with a lot of very small stores and no major anchors is the largest mall in Ontario, but using the measure of most stores=biggest that's exactly what you would be saying. Timminspress 19:05, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

Copyvio photos
I have removed the copyvio photos, as tagged by Carnildo. There should be fair use alternatives available. There are public domain photos of Yorkdale Shopping Centre and that is also owned and operated by Oxford Properties. Similar situation for Scarborough Town Centre. --Madchester 19:39, 7 October 2006 (UTC)

hyperbole
It seems like a bit of a stretch to say Square One is one of the biggest malls in North America. If you look at the list of the biggest malls in the U.S., there are at least 20 malls that are bigger, and the smallest of those is 1.8 million square feet, so there are probably a few more between that size and Square One. Not to mention the three malls in Canada that are bigger.

So in short, its probably safe to say that Square One is probably somewhere in the top forty largest malls in North America, out of several thousand, which is impressive, but I don't know if it justifies say it's one of the largest. You might as well say that it's one of the largest in the world.

It's probably more accurate to say that it's one of the largest in Canada. Timminspress 04:40, 6 April 2007 (UTC)

Entertainment / Restaurants (located on Rathburn Rd)
Free advertising? None of these places are a part of Square One and the section should be removed. Coolbrook76 11:47, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

That plot of land is owned and operated by Oxford Properties Group as part of the Square One operation. 38.112.96.194

Anchors and majors
The list of anchors does not appear to be referenced. What reliable source(s) do we have showing these stores are anchor stores, as required by WP:V? Otherwise it seems that the list is inappropriate WP:OR. As for majors, what is a "major"? Who determined the threshold between the so-called majors and "minors"? This also seems like a lot of original research. Absent some reliable sources, these lists should be deleted, in keeping with WP:ANCHORS (which itself simply refers back to WP:V and WP:OR). --Skeezix1000 (talk) 17:51, 15 August 2012 (UTC)
 * With some of them, at least, they're names that appear on the mall map itself, as opposed to only appearing in the mall unit listing, printed under the map. --  Zanimum (talk) 17:23, 16 August 2012 (UTC)
 * That could be as much a factor of size of the space as anything else. That would be an exercise in WP:OR, making conclusions about the status of a store based on the manner in which its name is labelled on a map.  At best, it's a highly dubious source for the proposition that they are anchors and/or "majors".  Obviously, it would be fine if the map actually identified anchors and/or majors.  But absent that, or some other source, these lists ought to be deleted.  --Skeezix1000 (talk) 15:18, 2 October 2012 (UTC)
 * Four months later and it is still not properly referenced. As per WP:V, WP:OR and WP:ANC, I'll remove the material, without prejudice to anyone who wants to reinsert it after properly referencing it. --Skeezix1000 (talk) 17:18, 6 December 2012 (UTC)
 * User:BouncyGlow has restored the listings, without any explanation other than a bizarre template on my talk page. I have left BouncyGlow a message on her/his talk page noting her/his questionable use of the Uw-delete2 template, and asking that (s)he provide some explanation as to how we can get around this WP:OR/WP:V problem (obviously, I would be delighted if BouncyGlow can provide the necessary sources, which would be great).  --Skeezix1000 (talk) 18:03, 4 January 2013 (UTC)
 * BouncyGlow left a kind note on my talk page sometime ago apologizing for his actions here. As no one else has particpated for over a month, I will once again delete, without prejudice to anyone who wants to reinsert it after properly referencing it. --Skeezix1000 (talk) 14:51, 19 February 2013 (UTC)

BouncyGlow once again re-added the list of anchors - (s)he did first leave me a nice note saying that (s)he'd reference them, but the references (s)he provided are inadequate (and (s)he has not responded to my response to her from last week). There seems to be some confusion as to what the problem is here, so I will reiterate (I apologize if my initial comment above was unclear): The removal of these lists is (and I am repeating myself here) without prejudice to anyone who can find a source (a reliable one, not some shopping blog or forum post) identifying anchors and/or majors. As always, I would be delighted if valid sources were found. --Skeezix1000 (talk) 18:49, 28 February 2013 (UTC)
 * 1) As per WP:V and WP:OR, we need a source that identifies the stores as anchors.  It is not enough to provide a source which simply confirms these stores exist in the mall, as Bouncyglow has done.  It is a violation of WP:OR for Wikipedia contributors to be determining which tenants play an anchor function in the mall, absent any reliable source.  To put it bluntly, we need to stop making sh*t up.
 * 2) Similarly, we need a source that identifies what the h*ll a "major" is and what stores in the mall are majors. Again, it is improper for Wikipedians to be personally deciding what think constitutes a "major" in the mall and to insert it in the article. Again, we need to stop making sh*t up.
 * 3) This is a separate issue, but why the holy fuck heck do we have a directory of food court tenants in the article? Wikipedia is not a directory.  There was considerable discussion of tenant lists way back at Wikiproject Shopping Centres, and the consensus was that while anchors are worth listing given their prominence in a mall, and while there may be other tenants in a mall that merit mention (e.g. the first Apple Store in Canada, for example), tenant listings themselves do not belong in Wikipedia.  I'm stumped as to what encyclopedic value or purpose is served by a list of food court tenants (of all things) (other than it is useful to hungry people who want to eat out in Mississauga, but again - Wikipedia is not Yelp).  If someone has an idea as to why this is encyclopedic, I am all ears.
 * Sigh. BouncyGlow has added the tenant lists again, except that now (s)he has revised it to identify something which (s)he calls "major anchors".  Except for some bizarre edits summaries, he has not addressed any of the policy or consensus problems outlined above that I have been trying to deal with since August last year.  In the meantime, I will tag the problematic section and if (s)he wants to maintain the listings, I would ask that (s)he provide some solutions to the issues.  --Skeezix1000 (talk) 18:44, 1 March 2013 (UTC)
 * I found this, clearly labelled with anchor stores but soon to be outdated regarding Zellers/Target. I've updated the page. Mind  matrix  21:55, 3 March 2013 (UTC)
 * Fantastic. Thanks for that. It still leaves the problem of the food court list, though. --Skeezix1000 (talk) 13:45, 4 March 2013 (UTC)
 * No response, so I have tagged the section in question as unencyclopedic, and I ask that someone address the issues I raised above. --Skeezix1000 (talk) 15:14, 11 March 2013 (UTC)
 * No objections or comments, so I have deleted the food court directory. I've left a couple of messages for Bouncy Glow over the past few months, asking him to comment if he has concerns, and he has not done so so he presumably concurs.  Skeezix1000 (talk) 15:01, 6 August 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Square One Shopping Centre


text:
Talk:State monopoly

salt
the section on salt, and its external link, are appropriate here in much different form. i invite whoever put it here to make it neutral POV, etc., otherwise, i plan to revert. i hope somebody will mod, because there's good material there, especially if this article is expanded. SaltyPig 02:22, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * reverted. if dispute, please discuss here. thanks. SaltyPig 06:10, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

jerevans "Without it incentives would fall." is an unsupported comment... no source, no verification. While it may or may not be correct, it should a) be removed or b) be flagged with 'citation needed' I don't know exactly what to do, maybe someone else can decide.

re MONOPOLY DEFINITION
A monopoly is legally defined as having a certain percentage of the market share (so its not necessarily that they are the ONLY seller, despite the fact "mono" means "one"). A legal monopoly can be one that has been built and maintained by a private entity w/o any govt intervention or influence (not just one that is "exempted" by the govt). There are many examples of this. Monopolies are subject to stricter antitrust guidelines (e.g. can't sell below cost, price fix, etc...)

see:

http://www.ftc.gov/bc/compguide/maintain.htm

and if you can find the "legal def" (% of market share) also more pwr to you. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by SchoobieDoobieDo (talk • contribs) 03:21, 12 February 2007 (UTC).

Requested move 24 September 2016

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Moved — Amakuru (talk) 13:28, 1 October 2016 (UTC)

Government monopoly → State monopoly – As a trained economist with a master's degree in the field, in this field the term "government monopoly" is rare when compared with the more commonly-used term "state monopoly". The Google ngram results support this perspective, with "state monopoly" having more use than "government monopoly" and with "State monopoly" having more use than "Government monopoly" (see Ngram results. I'd use Google Book results with more straightforward numbers, but the results come up with far too many corruptions (just in the first few pages) to consider them valid. Also, when referring to smaller monopolies, the common terms used are "regional monopoly" or "local monopoly".-- MarshalN20  T al k 10:38, 24 September 2016 (UTC)
 * Support - The Ngram result seems pretty conclusive. Fieari (talk) 00:07, 26 September 2016 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

BenC1995 (talk) 02:09, 2 May 2022 (UTC) Added some additions for the page. This is for a third year economics assignment. Please do not hesitate to contact me with any questions

title: Talk:State monopoly


text:
No-fault insurance

In its broadest sense, no-fault insurance is any type of insurance contract under which the insured party is indemnified by their own insurance company for losses, regardless of the source of the cause of loss. In this sense, it is similar to first-party coverage. The term "no-fault" is most commonly used in the United States, Australia, and Canada when referring to state or provincial automobile insurance laws where a policyholder and their passengers are reimbursed by the policyholder's own insurance company without proof of fault, and are restricted in their right to seek recovery through the civil-justice system for losses caused by other parties. No-fault insurance has the goal of lowering premium costs by avoiding expensive litigation over the causes of the collision, while providing quick payments for injuries or loss of property.

However, there are other forms of no-fault insurance. For example, in the United States, most workers' compensation funds typically are run as no-fault systems. This is supposed to simplify the injured worker's claim, since they do not need to prove that someone's negligence caused their illness or injuries.

Motor Vehicle Insurance
No-fault systems generally exempt individuals from the usual liability for causing bodily injury if they do so in a car collision; when individuals purchase "liability" insurance under those regimes, the insurance covers bodily injury to the insured party and their passengers in a car collision, regardless of which party would be liable under ordinary legal tort rules. Some no-fault systems often grant "set" or "fixed" compensation for certain injuries regardless of the unique aspects of the injury or the injured party, but this is not universally true.

Proponents of no-fault insurance argue that automobile collisions are inevitable and that at-fault drivers are not necessarily higher risk and should not necessarily be punished; moreover, they note that the presence of liability insurance insulates reckless or negligent drivers from financial disincentives of litigation; also, uninsured motorists often can't and won't end up paying for their liability, so in regions with many uninsured motorists, no-fault systems may make more sense; furthermore, traditional insurance is regressive because drivers of inexpensive cars are liable for damage to any car, no matter its value, even though they themselves add only a small amount of liability to the pool with their less valuable cars.

Critics of no-fault argue that dangerous drivers not paying for the damage they cause encourages risky behavior, with only raised premiums and a higher risk rating as the potential consequence, and no jury awards or legal settlements. Detractors of no-fault also point out that legitimate victims with subtle handicaps find it difficult to seek recovery under no-fault. Another criticism is that some no-fault jurisdictions have among the highest automobile-insurance premiums in the country, but this may be more a matter of effect than cause: the financial savings from no-fault may simply make it more popular in areas with higher automobile-collision risk, or high insurance rates may cause more drivers to go uninsured, increasing the attraction of a no-fault system.

Origins
The number of traffic collisions causing fatalities and debilitating injuries had become by the mid-1960s the source of a litigation explosion that was "straining (and in some areas overwhelming) the judicial machinery." Much legal thinking in academia was devoted to the question of whether the tort system should be replaced with another method of allocating risks of loss from collisions. Empirical analyses were published showing the financial impact of automobile collisions. The first comprehensive legislative proposal was put forward by Professors Robert E. Keeton of Harvard Law School and Jeffrey O'Connell, then of the University of Illinois, in a law review article published in the Harvard Law Review, which consisted of two chapters of the book that they would publish the following year. The Keeton-O'Connell plan provided that all automobile owners would be required to purchase a new form of insurance, called "basic protection coverage," under which a victim has recourse for his net economic loss against the insurer of his own car, his host's car or, if the victim is a pedestrian, any car involved. Fault is not required to be shown except for of damages in excess of $10,000 for bodily injury, the deductible of $100 for bodily injury and property damage. Recoverable loss under this type of policy does not include pain and suffering and is reduced by damages recovered from other sources. The proposal generated immense discussion in legal and insurance publications with some concluding it was too "revolutionary."

In 1967 Massachusetts state representative Michael Dukakis, a 1960 graduate of Harvard Law School, introduced a modified version of the Keeton-O'Connell plan in the Massachusetts legislature. The scheme was adopted in 1970. The law was challenged in court for claimed violations of numerous state and federal constitutional provisions. The scheme was defended by the state attorney general and also Harvard Law School professors Archibald Cox and Philip Heymann in an amicus curiae brief. The Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts overruled the objections in a unanimous decision. The decision opened the way for widespread adoption of no-fault automobile insurance schemes, a development that was encouraged by the federal Department of Transportation.

Overview in United States
Most U.S. states have a "traditional tort" liability system for auto insurance in which recovery is governed by principles of provable negligence. However, twelve U.S. states and the Commonwealth territory of Puerto Rico require policyholders to operate under a "no-fault" scheme in which individuals injured in automobile collisions are limited in their ability to seek recovery from other drivers or vehicle owners involved in a collision. An additional 8 states have an "add-on" system in which the insured party retains the right to sue. In 2012, RAND Corporation published a study which found that costs were higher in no-fault systems. In the case of economic (medical and wage-loss) damages, most no-fault systems permit injured parties to seek recovery only for damages that are not covered by available first-party insurance benefits. In the case of non-economic (pain-and-suffering) damages, most no-fault systems permit injured parties to seek compensation only in cases of exceptionally "serious" injury, which can be defined in either of two ways:

In terms of damages to vehicles and their contents, those claims are still based on fault. No-fault systems focus solely on issues of compensation for bodily injury, and such policies pay the medical bills for drivers and their companions no matter whose fault the collision was.
 * A quantitative monetary threshold that sets a specific dollar (or other currency) amount that must be spent on medical bills before a tort is allowed. Disadvantages of this threshold are: (1) that it can encourage insured parties (and their medical providers) to exaggerate medical costs through over-utilization, and (2) that, unless indexed, it can become ineffective over time because of inflationary effects on medical costs.
 * A qualitative verbal threshold that states what categories of injuries are considered sufficiently serious to permit a tort (e.g., death, or permanent disability or disfigurement). The advantage of the verbal threshold is that it removes any incentive to inflate damage amounts artificially to meet some preset monetary loss figure. The primary disadvantage is that seriously injured claimants may be barred from compensation where their injury does not match their state's threshold definition language.

In three U.S. states – Kentucky, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania – policyholders are permitted to choose between traditional tort and no-fault recovery regimes. Under such systems, known as "choice" or "optional" no-fault, policyholders must select between "full tort” and "limited tort" (no-fault) options at the time the policy is written or renewed; once the policy terms are set forth an insured party may not change his/her mind without rewriting the policy. In both Kentucky and New Jersey, policyholders who do not make an affirmative choice in favor of either full tort or limited tort are assigned the no-fault option, while in Pennsylvania the full-tort option is the default. In states where there is a choice of coverage, most consumers choose traditional tort regimes because the cost of the no-fault regime is more expensive.

24 states originally enacted no-fault laws in some form between 1970 and 1975; several of them have repealed their no-fault laws over time. Colorado repealed its no-fault system in 2003. Florida's no-fault system sunsetted on 1 October 2007, but the Florida legislature passed a new no-fault law which took effect 1 January 2008.

Michigan
Michigan's no-fault system is relatively uncommon. Before 2019, drivers had to purchase personal injury protection insurance that included unlimited, lifetime medical coverage. While this system protected people with catastrophic injuries, many consumers complained about the high insurance premiums associated with this system.

In 2019, the Michigan Legislature changed the state’s no-fault auto insurance law so that drivers will no longer be required to purchase unlimited medical coverage. Instead, under the PIP Choice system that was enacted, drivers have the choice of selecting medical coverage with limits of $50,000 (for drivers on Medicaid), $250,000, $500,000 and unlimited. Drivers on Medicare may be eligible to forgo all No-Fault medical coverage.

The goal of the no-fault changes was to lower premiums for drivers and, thus, make car insurance more affordable. However, Michigan’s average annual auto insurance rates are still the highest in the country - and Detroit has the highest rates of any city in the U.S. Additionally, Michigan's no-fault reforms reduced compensation to some caregivers, which made it difficult for some catastrophically injured crash victims to access care from their auto insurance policy. Health insurance also covers the care of crash victims if auto insurance is either not existent or doesn't have enough coverage to pay claims.

In addition to loosening its coverage rules and changing compensation for caregivers, the 2019 laws also made widespread changes to medical reimbursement rates, commonly referred to as the "fee schedules." The law did not expressly address whether the new few schedules should be applied retroactively. In 2019, a group of stakeholders filed a lawsuit, arguing that the 2019 no-fault law's fee schedule should not be applied retroactively. Attorneys have argued that the failure to include a "grandfather clause" in the 2019 law “punishes car accident victims and medical providers by leaving them subject to restrictions they never agreed to such as coverage limitations and a medical fee schedule whose reductions on reimbursement rates will deny them access to necessary medical care and treatment.” As of January, 2023, the case was currently pending before the Michigan Supreme Court.

US states and Canadian provinces with no-fault laws

 * Pure no-fault
 * Manitoba
 * Qualitative threshold
 * Delaware
 * Florida
 * Hawaii
 * Kansas
 * Kentucky
 * Michigan
 * Minnesota
 * New Jersey
 * New York
 * North Dakota
 * Ontario
 * Pennsylvania
 * Quebec (only for bodily injury suffered in automobile collisions)
 * Quantitative threshold
 * Kansas ($2000 Threshold)
 * Kentucky ($1000 Threshold)
 * Massachusetts ($2000 Threshold)
 * Minnesota ($4000 Threshold)
 * North Dakota ($2500 Threshold)
 * Saskatchewan ($90,000 threshold)
 * Utah ($3000 Threshold)
 * Choice no-fault
 * Kentucky
 * New Jersey
 * Pennsylvania
 * Saskatchewan

title: No-fault insurance


text:
Beilstein test

The Beilstein test is a simple qualitative chemical test for organic halides. It was developed by Friedrich Konrad Beilstein.

A copper wire is cleaned and heated in a Bunsen burner flame to form a coating of copper(II) oxide. It is then dipped in the sample to be tested and once again heated in a flame. A positive test is indicated by a green flame caused by the formation of a copper halide. The test does not detect fluorine/fluorides.

This test is no longer frequently used. One reason why it is not widely used is that it is possible to generate the highly toxic chloro-dioxins if the test material is a polychloroarene.

An alternative wet test for halide is the sodium fusion test — this test converts organic material to inorganic salts include the sodium halide. Addition of silver nitrate solution causes any halides to precipitate as the respective silver halide.

title: Beilstein test


text:
Talk:A Little Night Music

Untitled
Tonight's Wayne State University Opera Workshop production of this musical had a programme book that quoted a large portion of this Wikipedia article, and cited the source as "Source, Wikipedia Encyclopedia" 141.217.25.161 02:25, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Page moved
I have moved this page to A Little Night Music. Its previous title - "A Little Night Music (the film)" - is incorrect: firstly the article is mainly about the stage musical, mentioning the film only briefly; secondly, Wikipedia naming conventions would dictate the page be called A Little Night Music (film) - not "the film", and thirdly, there's no need to disambiguate as A Little Night Music currently exists only as a redirect to this page. UrbaneLegend 15:59, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

Musical quotation?
I just realized the other day that near the end of "A Weekend in the Country" it sounds as though SS quotes the very opening of Strauss's Der Rosenkavalier. Anyone else ever notice this? Or is it a coincidence? Or am I dreaming? --Wspencer11 (talk to me...) 15:59, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

No, you aren't dreaming at all. Good ears! The Rosenkavalier horn quote was added by orchestrator Jonathan Tunick, as he reveals in his introduction to the published script of the musical (Applause, 1991, 7). 69.239.185.206 06:13, 5 April 2007 (UTC)

And the orchestration for "Happy Hunting Horn" in Pal Joey quotes even more blatantly Siegfried's horn call from Wagner's Ring. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.234.41.21 (talk) 00:57, 5 June 2009 (UTC)

Historical Link of the Story to the last of the Vasas
The youngest son of the founder, Adolf Frederick of Sweden of the House of Holstein-Gottorp a.k.a. the 2nd Vasa dynasty of Sweden, Prince Frederick Adolf of Sweden, Duke of Östergötland and his mistress Sophie Hagman had a daughter, Sophia Frederica, about whom this tale may have been written. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 210.50.16.21 (talk) 08:21, 13 March 2007 (UTC).

Wondering if this issue was already handled...
This article is listed as NPOV (articles needing cleanup, etc.) but I cannot see where that applies. I'm trying to get me feet wet in something "light to medium" so if there's something here needing a fresh perspective, let me know. Otherwise, I'll just move along. Ebonyskye 09:57, 15 March 2007 (UTC)

Disputed Neutrality?
Why is this tagged as such? It seemed rather neutral to me

Mme Armsfeldt's Death
When I saw the work onstage I had no idea that Mme Armsfeldt died at the end: all we see is the old woman falling asleep in her wheelchair and there is no subsequent dialogue to make clear what happened. (When the New York City Opera did their version on TV, they were careful to focus the camera on Regina Resnick as she pantomimed a fatal stroke.) Wheeler and Sondheim may have been a little too subtle for their own good, expecting the audience to intuit what was in their minds at that point.

I also want to point out a wierd blooper in the movie version. In the stage version Henrik reads a religious line to Anne and attributes it to Martin Luther. In the movie version, which has been transferred to Catholic Vienna, Henrik reads the SAME LINE and attributes it to Saint Augustine! If the rewriting was that bad, it's no wonder the movie was a flop.

CharlesTheBold (talk) 01:57, 17 March 2008 (UTC)

Broadway Production
The dates and places of its New York run are unclearly stated. I'd fix it, but I don't know the reality. Reading the confusing first sentences, I think the play opened at the Shubert on 2/25/73, then moved to the Majestic (still on Broadway?) on 9/17/73, then closed there on 8/3/74 after 601 total performances and 12 previews. If that's the right time line, the article should lay it out in that fashion, IMHO. Lou Sander (talk) 01:32, 17 July 2008 (UTC)

Fredrika's father
The article states that Fredrika is "Desiree's daughter, born of the actress's and Fredrik's affair (unbeknownst to Fredrik)." It is not actually stated in the play that Fredrika is Fredrik's daughter. It might seem logical to assume that she is his daughter, but the play is ambigious on this to the point of not even mentioning who Fredrika's father might be. The question is not raised even once; in fact, when Fredrik learns of Fredrika's name, Desirée laughs and says "as if you were the only Fredrik in the world", and that's the closest we get to an answer. All this is a long-winded way of saying that I don't think this article should state that Fredrik is Fredrika's father, as this is only conjecture. ▫ Urbane Legend chinwag 16:15, 9 February 2009 (UTC)
 * Interesting point, Urbane_Legend. I'll look around for some on-line discussion of this, as time permits. Stephen Citron clearly states that Fredrik is Fredrika's father in his book, Sondheim and Lloyd-Webber, page 201 ( Citron reference). Joanne Gordon, in her book Art Isn't Easy, page 123, also states the same: "...Desiree's daughter, Fredrika, the result of Desiree's and Fredrik's previous dalliance." ( Gordon reference).
 * This discussion could use a few scholars! JeanColumbia (talk) 12:21, 16 February 2009 (UTC)
 * It doesn't need scholars, it just needs people like you and me who care enough about the topic to be bothered to research and discuss it :-)
 * The references you cite are compelling, and as I say, while it's logical to assume that Fredrika is Fredrik's daughter, (for what it's worth I think she is and really there's no reason to think otherwise) it's not actually confirmed in the primary source - that is, the show itself. In the spirit of being bold, I might reword the article to express this minor ambiguity. ▫ Urbane Legend chinwag 11:57, 1 April 2009 (UTC)

I recently re-watched Ingmar Bergman's "Smiles of a Summer Night", the film on which A Little Night Music is based. Care is, of course, needed in basing conclusions about the musical on the plot of the movie, as Sondheim and his collaborators made some signficant changes. This said, here goes. In the movie, Desiree has a son, Fredrik, rather than a daughter, and the son is clearly several years younger than Fredrika is in the musical. The film does definitely maintain the ambiguity over the paternity of Desiree's child which I believe survives in the musical. Towards the very end of the movie, when Fredrik and Desiree come together after the elopement of his wife and son, he challenges her that she must tell him why she named her son Fredrik. With a twinkle in her eye, all she will say is that it's a nice name for a little boy, isn't it? It seems to me that both the film and the musical allow those viewers who wish to do so to assume that Fredrik is the father of Desiree's child (as the authors quoted above have evidently done), but do not in fact offer any categorical statement that this is indeed the case. Nandt1 (talk) 11:40, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

Orig Research
There is an Original Research tag with some very clearly NNPOV, thesis-like observations that have remained since Nov 2007...I'm removing them. 207.237.33.106 (talk) 10:30, 16 February 2009 (UTC)

 * "Sondheim, Wheeler and Harold Prince (who directed the film version) created a work that is far more complex and sophisticated than first appearances might suggest. The characters, from royalty to bourgeoisie to servant, present a cross section of Swedish society at that particular place and time. The characters' ages range from adolescent (Desiree's daughter) to elderly (Madame Armfeldt). Each character's views on life, love and sex are explored in depth and with great compassion and humor. (Sondheim went so far as to write a song for the otherwise mute manservant Frid, which was cut in previews, because, as Prince barked at him one evening, "Who cares what Frid thinks?") The "Weekend in the Country" that the characters spend is at the height of midsummer, which in Sweden means that the sun never sets completely. The characters wander around the vast estate and grounds bathed in a golden twilight. This hazy, limbo-like setting allows them to explore their passions and realize who it is and what it is that they truly desire. "  207.237.33.106 (talk) 10:31, 16 February 2009 (UTC)
 * "Sondheim, Wheeler and Harold Prince (who directed the film version) created a work that is far more complex and sophisticated than first appearances might suggest. The characters, from royalty to bourgeoisie to servant, present a cross section of Swedish society at that particular place and time. The characters' ages range from adolescent (Desiree's daughter) to elderly (Madame Armfeldt). Each character's views on life, love and sex are explored in depth and with great compassion and humor. (Sondheim went so far as to write a song for the otherwise mute manservant Frid, which was cut in previews, because, as Prince barked at him one evening, "Who cares what Frid thinks?") The "Weekend in the Country" that the characters spend is at the height of midsummer, which in Sweden means that the sun never sets completely. The characters wander around the vast estate and grounds bathed in a golden twilight. This hazy, limbo-like setting allows them to explore their passions and realize who it is and what it is that they truly desire. "  207.237.33.106 (talk) 10:31, 16 February 2009 (UTC)

Why is the title said to be "a mistranslation" or "a very loose translation" of Mozart's?
Would someone with better German than mine please explain why the title is not an accurate literal translation of Mozart's Eine Kleine Nachtmusik? The text previously stated that A Little Night Music was "a mistranslation" of Mozart's title. After I challenged that statement, it is now stated to be "a very loose translation". Please tell us what the problem is? Eine=A; Kleine=Little; Nachtmusik=Night Music. What's the problem, please? Nandt1 (talk) 11:48, 19 June 2009 (UTC)

 * In a nutshell, the German word "Nachtmusik" actually means "serenade", not "night music". There's a good discussion of this on the page about the Mozart piece - see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Serenade_No._13_(Mozart) Rgoogin (talk) 20:16, 29 June 2009 (UTC)

Might I suggest that we call it an "overly literal" translation? Nandt1 (talk) 19:07, 1 July 2009 (UTC)

In German there are two words for little: wenig and klein. Klein refers to size, more like small, such as a small boy, whereas wenig refers to amount, like a little of, such as a little of the language. Therefore, if Mozart meant "A Little Night Music," he would have titled it "Ein Wenig Nachtmusik." It's safe to say that he meant "A Little Serenade." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.215.83.96 (talk) 22:36, 8 November 2009 (UTC)

Although I wrote this before I looked at the other article, that's also the general conclusion. Thank you, Ajrocke, and Boxing Wear-BWear-Miranda, for knowing exactly what you were talking about. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.215.83.96 (talk) 23:20, 8 November 2009 (UTC)

Turn of which century?
Okay, I'll bite. In the synopsis, the turn-of-the-20th-Century recently got changed to the 19th Century. I have always understood that the "turn-of-the-century" phrase meant that the century mentioned was just beginning...so the turn of the 20th century would have been around 1900. So is the story really set around 1800? I wouldn't have thought so, but am happy to listen to what anyone has to say on the matter. Maybe it would be better to say something like "at the beginning of the X century" or something...? --Wspencer11 (talk to me...) 17:03, 3 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Hi, Wspencer11, thanks for bringing this up. I have spent the last few hours searching google, google books, ibdb, a few books I own on Sondheim, even reading the original NY Times review. I can not access the script, which probably would give the answer.  Nothing I found specified which "turn of the century". (Original Clive Barnes review says "It is set in Sweden at the turn of the century")  I saw the 2009 Broadway revival; this is what the Playbill says: ""Time: Turn of the last Century. Place: Sweden"

 * Well, I suppose that the last century is 20th Century, since we are now in the 21 Century. So, the edit that changed to 19th Century does not appear accurate. Here is my proposal ( I will return to this on September 4 or 5, but after that probably not until Sept. 27):JeanColumbia (talk) 19:47, 3 September 2010 (UTC)

 * To add: here is the script, although I don't know what version; the publication date is 2000:   [Four by Sondheim, Wheeler, Lapine, Shevelove and Gelbart, Volume 3, see page 174]. Page 174: "Time: Turn of the Century Place:Sweden".  See also page 166: "Since A Little Night Music is European in setting, turn-of-the-century in time..." (Page 166 was written by Jonathan Tunick, New York, September 1990.)  If there are clues as to which century within the script, I can not find them.JeanColumbia (talk) 20:48, 4 September 2010 (UTC)

Proposal I propose that the sentence in the  first sentence of the synopsis be revised to read "It is Sweden at the turn of the last 20th Century". JeanColumbia (talk) 19:47, 3 September 2010 (UTC)

 * I'm afraid I'm not completely convinced by the proposal, but I just thought of something: I know there are references to traveling by motorcar in the book, and I think there might be references to traveling by train also. If so, then the period would have to be around 1900, since neither existed around 1800. --Wspencer11 (talk to me...) 16:13, 5 September 2010 (UTC)

Well done! On page 270 of the book I referenced: "Off, we hear a car-horn"; on page 271: "Carl-Magnus helps Charlotte out of the car". On page 310, "Anne: Silly Henrick! Quick, or we'll miss the train!"JeanColumbia (talk) 16:35, 5 September 2010 (UTC) I'd say the car reference puts the time period late 1800s, early 1900s, and since all references refer to "Turn of the Century", it looks like that would be 20th Century. I realize that this might be considered original research or synthesis and so I will not change he article until there are further comments. I will, however, modify my proposal to read "turn of the 20th Century" (in other words, where it was before the subject edit!).JeanColumbia (talk) 16:42, 5 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Why couldn't it read "around 1900" if the turn-of-the-century phrase is too dangerous? --Wspencer11 (talk to me...) 02:19, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

The synthesis prohibition does not prohibit obvious corrections. It is clearly the turn of the 20th century. -- Ssilvers (talk) 03:39, 8 September 2010 (UTC)

 * Uummmmmmm...sorry to be dense, but what's the "synthesis prohibition?" --Wspencer11 (talk to me...) 12:51, 8 September 2010 (UTC)

 * If it is 1900, then it is turn of the century and it's still 19th century. ELSchissel (talk) 16:43, 15 July 2021 (UTC)

Trivia section lack significance
The trivia section at the bottom, regarding the character names, is sourced. However, I still question its significance to the article. It implies ignorance on the creators' part, when in fact these were the same character names as used in "Smiles of a Summer Night," which was an actual Swedish film directed by an actual Swedish director and starring actual Swedish actors. It seems to me that if there were anything that unusual or controversial about the names, somebody might have objected when Bergman made his film. Perhaps these are actual Swedish names, but the families have died off or moved away? ChrisStansfield Contribs 18:27, 14 April 2011 (UTC)

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Madame Armfeldt
Her first name is given in passing as "Leonora" during the introduction to "A Weekend in the Country". ELSchissel (talk) 16:39, 15 July 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:A Little Night Music


text:
Simpsons Tall Tales

"Simpsons Tall Tales" is the twenty-first and final episode of the twelfth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 20, 2001. In the episode, Homer refuses to pay a five dollar airport tax to fly to Delaware, which forces the family to ride in a livestock car of a train instead. There they meet a singing hobo who tells three tall tales which include Homer as Paul Bunyan, Lisa as Connie Appleseed (a female version of Johnny Appleseed) and Bart and Nelson as Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn respectively.

"Simpsons Tall Tales" was directed by Bob Anderson and written by John Frink, Don Payne, Bob Bendetson and Matt Selman. The idea for the episode was pitched while the series' staff were coming up with story ideas for the twelfth season. The staff had noticed that viewers responded well to "Simpsons Bible Stories", and decided to write another trilogy episode because of the warm response.

The singing hobo in the episode was voiced by Hank Azaria. He was originally going to be voiced by Jim Carrey, but he dropped out due to his busy schedule.

In its original broadcast, the episode was seen by approximately 7.8 million viewers, finishing in 33rd place in the ratings the week it aired. Following its home video release, the episode received mixed reviews from critics.

Plot
After the Simpsons win a trip to Delaware, Homer refuses to pay a $5 airport tax for his flight. After Homer violates the Anti-Fist Shaking Law, the family jumps onto a freight train where they meet a singing hobo who tells them three stories.

Paul Bunyan
Homer portrays Paul Bunyan, a giant who quickly becomes a great burden on the local townspeople, as he crushes their houses and greedily eats all their food. Eventually, the townspeople drug him and drag him out of their town. Out of loneliness, Bunyan carves a block of stone from the mountains into a blue ox that he calls Babe, who is rendered alive by an electric shock. In his travels with Babe, Homer creates several landmarks. Bunyan later meets a young woman, Marge, and though she is initially frightened of him, the two fall in love. When a meteor is soon to hit the town, the townspeople call Paul back to help them. Paul obliges and, after the meteor first hits and severely burns his backside, Paul throws the meteor towards Chicago, starting the Great Fire there.

After the hobo has told this story, he asks them for a sponge bath as compensation. Disgusted, Homer is forced to oblige, as nobody else will do so, but the hobo does not mind anyone seeing his nakedness.

Connie Appleseed
The hobo's second tall tale revolves around Lisa as Connie. Connie is part of a wagon train, and all of the travelers shoot and eat buffalo. Connie, who is against the practice, tries to urge them to stop slaughter or they will wipe out the buffalo, to much ridicule. She worries that no one is eating a renewable source of food and finds some apples for the pioneers to eat, but they reject them. Eventually, she changes her last name to "Appleseed", and leaves her family to journey across the United States and plant apple seeds wherever she goes. Meanwhile, the Simpsons change their surname to "Bufflekill" and they succeed in killing all the buffalo in the land. The travelers eventually starve, and just as they are about to cannibalize Homer, Connie returns and offers them apples instead. Won over by the taste of apples, they agree to the trade, sparing Homer.

Tom and Huck
The hobo's third tale tells the story of Tom Sawyer (Bart) and Huckleberry Finn (Nelson). Tom is a rebellious trouble maker while Huck is a bully. Huck is caught holding hands with Becky (Lisa) after he falls over in her garden from the fence and is forced to marry her by her father, Homer. During the ceremony, Huck switches places with a pig and goes on the run with Tom, leaving Missouri for Missoura. However, they are chased by townspeople led by Becky's father and their families. Huck and Tom flee to a river boat, but are thrown into the Mississippi River and are caught by the townspeople. The townspeople take them back to town and execute them before lowering their bodies into coffins.

Conclusion
The family arrives in Delaware and disembarks the train, but the hobo reminds them that they owe him one more sponge bath as compensation. Homer volunteers to stay behind to do the dirty work and promises to catch up with them in Wilmington.

Production
On April 4, 1999, "Simpsons Bible Stories" aired in the United States. The episode, which contains three self-contained segments in which the Simpsons play different characters from the Bible, was written after Fox requested a Bible-themed episode that would air on Easter. The Simpsons ' staff enjoyed writing the episode and it was generally well received by viewers. When pitching stories for the twelfth season, the writers decided to make another episode based around three segments that are all related to a certain theme.

"Simpsons Tall Tales" was written by Matt Selman, John Frink, Don Payne, and Bob Bendetson. The idea for a trilogy episode based on tall tales was pitched by Frink and Payne, according to co-executive producer Ian Maxtone-Graham. While the episode's introduction was written and conceived by Selman, the first segment was written by Frink and Payne. The second and third segments were written by Bendetson and Selman respectively.

Writing segments for "Simpsons Tall Tales" was much different from normal episodes; for example, the writers only had one day to outline each segment's plot, and three to four days to write the first draft of each script, which is much less time than the writers usually get for an episode. Still, Selman has said that working on the episode was "very fun" for the writers. While writing the third segment, Selman listened to Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Tom Sawyer Abroad and Tom Sawyer, Detective on tape to "get some of the lingo" that Mark Twain used in his books. He found so many unusual words in the books that he compiled a "giant" list of them. "We wanted to cram in every single [jargon from the books] as we could", Selman said in the episode's DVD commentary.

"Simpsons Tall Tales" was directed by Bob Anderson and is one of his favorite episodes that he directed. Because the segments take place in different places and time periods, the animators had to create new designs for characters and backgrounds. Even though it took a lot of work, Anderson maintained that the episode was "fun to work on."

In a scene in the episode, Moe holds a giant pill that makes Homer fall asleep - at one point in the episode's production, the pill would read "Roofie", but it was eventually removed. Another scene that changed during production was the scene in which Homer uses Marge's hair to clean him up for their date. After he takes Marge's hair out of his ear, her hair would originally be covered with earwax, but it was removed when the animators looked over the episode's storyboard. The second segment originally had many more shots of buffalo being shot, but some were changed so that the deaths were off-camera.

The singing hobo was voiced by regular cast member Hank Azaria, who voices Moe and Comic Book Guy among other characters in the series. Originally, the part would be played by Canadian-American actor and comedian Jim Carrey, who had asked for a role in an episode. Because Carrey was busy with other projects and did not have time to record any lines, the role was instead given to Azaria, who Scully said did a "great job". While most of the hobo's songs were written by Frink, the song that the hobo sings at the beginning of the episode was written by executive producer and former showrunner Mike Reiss. The dialog between Homer and the hobo at the end of the episode was ad-libbed by Azaria and Dan Castellaneta, who portrays Homer in the series.

Like many other trilogy episodes, "Simpsons Tall Tales" ended up very long and the staff were obliged to cut some scenes in order to fit with the program's maximum running time. The scene in which Homer first meets Babe was also cut short; originally, it would show Babe kicking Homer in the crotch after Homer says that he will "whip [Babe] from dawn to dusk." A similar joke was later used in The Simpsons Movie. The last removed scene was from the episode's third segment. It would show Lenny and Carl eating buffalo meat, while Carl speaks like a stereotypical Native American.

Cultural references
"Simpsons Tall Tales" has been described as a "skewed" retelling of old tales. The beginning of the episode shows the family winning a trip to Delaware. This is a reference to the end of "Behind the Laughter", in which Homer is seen watching an episode of The Simpsons wherein the family is visiting Delaware.

The first segment is based on the mythological lumberjack Paul Bunyan, who carved Babe the Blue ox out of the Blue Mountains. The second segment shows Lisa as Connie Appleseed, a female version of the American pioneer nurseryman Johnny Appleseed who introduced apple trees to large parts of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois. "Tom and Huck" features Bart as Tom Sawyer and Nelson as Huckleberry Finn, both of whom are characters in Mark Twain's 1876 novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Despite the episode's title, only the first two segments are actually tall tales.

This is referenced in the episode, when Lisa says "That's not tall tale, it's a book by Mark Twain." In the first segment, Paul Bunyan and Babe fight Rodan, a fictional Japanese mutated pterosaur introduced in the 1956 tokusatsu film Rodan. When showering Marge with stuffed animals, Bunyan accidentally drops a guard next to her. When noticing the guard, Bunyan tugs his collar in a similar way as American comedian Charles Nelson Reilly. In the third segment, Dr Hibbert can be heard singing the 1927 song "Ol' Man River".

Reception
In order to boost ratings, two earlier broadcast episodes (including "Treehouse of Horror XI") were shown before the episode. In its original American broadcast on May 20, 2001, "Simpsons Tall Tales" received a 7.6 rating, according to Nielsen Media Research, translating to approximately 7.8 million viewers. The episode finished in 33rd place in the ratings for the week of May 14-20, 2001. On August 18, 2009, the episode was released as part of a DVD set called The Simpsons: The Complete Twelfth Season. Mike Scully, Ian Maxtone-Graham, John Frink, Don Payne, Carolyn Omine, Matt Selman, Tom Gammill, Max Pross, Bob Anderson and Joel H. Cohen participated in the audio commentary for the episode.

Since its home video release, "Simpsons Tall Tales" received mixed reviews from critics.

In his review of The Simpsons: The Complete Twelfth Season, Colin Jacobson of DVD Movie Guide disliked the episode. He argued that the episode is similar to the season 10 episode "Simpsons Bible Stories", in that they both "feel a little heavy on cutesy and low on comedic inspiration." Although he found some parts of the episode amusing, he summarized it as overall being lackluster.

DVD Talk's Casey Burchby described "Simpsons Tall Tales" as the season's worst episode. As with most other trilogy episodes, "Simpsons Tall Tales" "did not work" for Burchby, who found that the gags were either boring or too far between. He also argued that "Simpsons Tall Tales" and trilogy episodes in general are an excuse for the series' writers to not have to come up with new stories for the characters. "It's understandable that after eleven years, a show might have trouble continuing to come up with original material for the same five characters, but the anthology episodes come across as rather transparent attempts to avoid that challenge", he wrote.

On the other hand, DVD Verdict's Mac MacEntire argued that "Simpsons Tall Tales" is one of the season's best episodes. He wrote that the episode is "filled with great gags", including the hobo's sponge bath and Bart and Nelson's discussion about "backtacks" and "tackbacks".

title: Simpsons Tall Tales


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provinces of the Roman empire


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Podocarpus drouynianus

Podocarpus drouynianus is a species of podocarp native to the relatively high rainfall southwestern corner of Western Australia, where it is known by the name emu berry, wild plum or native plum although it is not a true plum. The Noongar name for the plant is koolah.

Description
The plant is usually a shrub, not often forming a single trunk, instead growing multiple branches from around the base. It looks like a conifer, typically grows to a height of 0.75 to 3 m and forms clumps a few metres wide. It is dioecious and very slow-growing. The bark is thin and fibrous, green in colour turning red-brown on the outside. The leaves are needle-like, 4 to 8 cm long, sharply pointed, green above and with glaucous stomatal bands beneath. The cones are berry-like, with a fleshy, edible purple aril 2 to 2.5 cm long and one (rarely two) apical seeds 1 cm1 cm long.

Distribution
It grows on lower slopes and low-lying areas and around creeks in the South West and Great Southern regions of Western Australia where it grows in loamy, sandy or gravelly soils. It is associated as part of the understorey species present in lowland jarrah and karri and it spreads mostly by root suckering. The extent of occurrence of the species is less than 20000 km2 over multiple locations. The total area of occupancy by P. drouynianus has reduced as a result of clearing of forest for pasture and the replacement of native forest with exotics.

Cultivation
Ideally Podocarpus drouynianus should be grown in partial shade with plenty of water. Unusually for the genus, it tolerates quite dry conditions. It survives temperatures of up to 45 °C, and grows well in full sun or partial shade.

The plant grows as a rounded form in cultivation, slowly attaining two metres in height and 1.5 metres in width. Propagation from cuttings in the usual method of planting. The presentation of its red and fleshy fruit is unreliable, but the plant is favoured for its appealing foliage. The long and leafy stems are harvested for use in the florist industry. The plum-like fruit is edible, although lacking any distinctive taste, and noted as an important food of the first peoples of Southwest Australia.

Classification
The species was initially described by the botanist Ferdinand von Mueller in 1864 in his work Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae. There are two synonyms for this species: Nageia drouyniana and Podocarpus drouyniana. The species name honors the statesman Edouard Drouyn de Lhuys who was a member of the Institut de France.

title: Podocarpus drouynianus


text:
Talk:Hawaiian Punch

Fair use rationale for Image:HPLOGO380.jpg
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WikiProject Food and drink Tagging
This article talk page was automatically added with WikiProject Food and drink banner as it falls under Category:Food or one of its subcategories. If you find this addition an error, Kindly undo the changes and update the inappropriate categories if needed. The bot was instructed to tagg these articles upon consenus from WikiProject Food and drink. You can find the related request for tagging here. Maximum and careful attention was done to avoid any wrongly tagging any categories, but mistakes may happen... If you have concerns, please inform on the project talk page -- TinucherianBot (talk) 23:17, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

Vandalism
Would the moron who keeps changing "Punchy the Puncher" to "Punchy the Donkey Puncher" and adding references to the acrophyical "donkey punch" sex act please stop? It is not big and it is not clever. Thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.157.116.18 (talk) 18:10, 18 November 2010 (UTC)

Golden first, then Yellow
The first line extention was called Hawaiian Golden Punch. It was advertised as "new" starting in 1959, and renamed Sunshine Yellow around 1961. 96.237.184.133 (talk) 12:08, 17 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hawaiian Punch


text:
Fibrant object

In mathematics, specifically in homotopy theory in the context of a model category M, a fibrant object A of M is an object that has a fibration to the terminal object of the category.

Properties
The fibrant objects of a closed model category are characterized by having a right lifting property with respect to any trivial cofibration in the category. This property makes fibrant objects the "correct" objects on which to define homotopy groups. In the context of the theory of simplicial sets, the fibrant objects are known as Kan complexes after Daniel Kan. They are the Kan fibrations over a point.

Dually is the notion of cofibrant object, defined to be an object $$c$$ such that the unique morphism $$\varnothing\to c$$ from the initial object to $$c$$ is a cofibration.

title: Fibrant object


text: User talk:129.15.215.228

title: User talk:129.15.215.228


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Time and materials

Time and materials (T&M) is a standard phrase in a contract for construction, product development or any other piece of work in which the employer agrees to pay the contractor based upon the time spent by the contractor's employees and subcontractors employees to perform the work, and for materials used in the construction (plus the contractor's mark up on the materials used), no matter how much work is required to complete construction. Time and materials is generally used in projects in which it is not possible to accurately estimate the size of the project, or when it is expected that the project requirements would most likely change.

This is opposed to a fixed-price contract in which the owner agrees to pay the contractor a lump sum for fulfillment of the contract no matter what the contractors pay their employees, sub-contractors and suppliers.

Many time and materials contracts also carry a guaranteed maximum price, which puts an upper limit on what the contractor may charge, but also allow the owner to pay a lesser amount if the job is completed more quickly.

title: Time and materials