text:
Talk:Creamed honey

FIRST batch?
Perhaps I'm the only person to have thought this, but... if whipped honey is made by adding some whipped honey to regular honey, and waiting for it to transform the whole batch... How did they ever make the FIRST batch? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.72.21.221 (talk) 01:23, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

 * As per the last sentence of the paragraph describing production: A seed batch can be made by allowing normal honey to crystallize and crushing the crystals to the desired size. --Allen3 talk 03:00, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

heated-pasteurized
Is all commercial whipped honey heated-pasteurized? -69.87.204.78 (talk) 00:29, 10 August 2008 (UTC)

 * My personal understanding is no, most commercial honey is not pasteurized. The hydroscopic nature of honey means that most harmful microbes will be killed due to lack of needed water.  It is still possible despite this for some yeast or bacterial spores to survive in honey.  These potential spores are the reason most commercial honey in the United States carry a warning against feeding honey to children under 12 months of age. Their immature immune system is unable to protect against the stray bacteria which would cause no trouble to an older person. --Allen3 talk 00:46, 10 August 2008 (UTC)

Set Honey
In the UK we have 'set honey'. A local producer outlines their process for making this product here: http://www.rowsehoney.co.uk/articles/honey-and-you/questions-and-answers Pasteurising isn't specifically mentioned, but seeding is. Should the term Set Honey be added to the 'also called' line. Or, if pasteurising is the defining element, should set honey have an entry in its own right in wiki/honey? --TheSeatonian (talk) 17:17, 12 January 2009 (UTC)

Create crystallized honey article and merge?
Modified from Talk:Honey:

I suggest replacing this article (whipped honey) with a new article on crystallized honey, and then moving the coverage of whipped/creamed honey to a section within that article titled "controlled crystallization". (The alternative spelling crystallised honey would redirect to it, as would pages that currently redirect here.)

Arguments in favour:

(1) Since whipped/creamed honey and naturally crystallised honey both contain crystals, but differ in the size of those crystals, they have enough in common to justify a combined article.

(2) This article (whipped honey) has been a stub since 2004, and may be too narrow a topic for a reasonable-length encyclopedia article. There is currently no article dedicated to crystallised honey, suggesting that it also is too narrow a topic on its own. But if the two were to be incorporated into a longer article on crystallised honey with sections on both natural and controlled crystallization, that article might be a more fitting length.

(3) The term "candied honey" appears to mean different things in different places. It is listed as an alternative name for whipped/creamed honey, and currently redirects here. However, in Australia (and perhaps elsewhere) the term "candied honey" refers to naturally crystallised honey, and not to whipped/creamed honey. If all forms of honey that contain crystals were to be covered in a single article, then (a) we could redirect "candied honey" to it without favouring one meaning or the other, and (b) there would be a natural place to describe the distribution of this and perhaps other similarly ambiguous terms.

Note: Although I could probably make the changes myself in theory, I'm inclined to leave it to more experienced editors. I would not be very efficient at it, as I'd have to read up on how to do moves, redirects and other matters involved in restructuring articles. Don't have time for all that in the foreseeable future.

202.22.165.5 (talk) 07:13, 20 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Hi. I haven't seen any objection to this move, so I can gladly do it for you. However, I don't have time at the moment to make any additions, but I think that would be necessary before a move should be made. it might be confusing for readers to come to an article titled "Crystallized honey" and find only information about whipped honey. I can easily do the redirects and stuff, but would you mind adding a paragraph or two about crystallized honey that is not whipped? If you could do that, the move would make a lot more sense. I can probably come back in the future and work on it, but not anytime in the near future.Zaereth (talk) 18:27, 16 August 2012 (UTC)

Candied vs Creamed honey
--58.179.52.5 (talk) 00:44, 11 November 2012 (UTC) Further to point 3 below...."In Australia it was common years back to create candied honey (not creamed) by leaving honey in a jar long enough and probably quicker with the lid open or half off. Candied honey in this manner is not easily spreadable and therefore (probably) only this characteristic differs it from creamed honey, which we can also obtain from honey providores."

I am curious that "to make creamed honey, it is heated as this would remove any water it had acquired...heating candied honey is what we do to return candied honey back to a normal honey's liquid and consistency states"...I would expect that "any heating of honey is to thin out (less sticky) the honey before; and to make it easier for whipping; and that it is this aeration process that produces the creamy texture." I have always believed honey to be naturally healthy and almost antiseptic; and have never hesitated to give it to my kids even before they were 12 months; a practice I deem somewhat healthier than eating dirt, grass and other unmentionables they also did at this age....suggest "text" could also be added to the article.

From beekeepers site..."Q: What is candied honey ? Chemically, honey is a solution of sugars, minerals, acids and proteins dissolved in water. The sugars account for around 80% of the honey while water only makes up around 17%. Since there is a high content of sugars relative to water, the sugars can't remain dissolved in the honey and it is common for them (mainly glucose) to form crystals. When this happens the honey is said to be 'candied.' Candying is a naturally occuring process and how readily a honey candies depends mainly on its glucose and moisture content, although the conditions it is stored under can also contribute to candying (storing honey in the fridge makes it candy faster). Some honeys like yellow box for instance can take years to candy while others can candy overnight. In fact, honey has been found buried in Egyptian tombs and is still edible after thousands of years!"

Happy to offer a more formal text and agree with other contributors that a single article with sections of two type (or more) would be of great value.

 * Well, let me start by saying that there are a lot of questions here, and some false information, so I would be very wary about the reliability of that source. For example, it is true that remnants of honey, thousands of years old, have been found in Egyptian tombs, but it was definitely not edible.

 * When talking about creamed, whipped, or candied honey, we're really talking about semantics. I've never heard the term "candied honey" used in the US, but it is possibly common in other countries. So what really needs to be done is to describe the different states or types of honey, and then begin to describe the different names people use for them.

 * Creamed or whipped honey is not made by aerating it. In fact, you don't want air to mix with it if at all avoidable.

 * Creamed honey was invented by Professor Elton J. Dyce, at Cornell University, in 1935. It is made by first pasturizing it, by heating to around 70 degrees C (155 degrees F). Then it is cooled down, and "seed crystals" are added, to begin crystallization. The growth of crystals is controlled in such a way that you get extremely small glucose crystals, causing the honey to form a thickened, whitish-colored spread. The easiest way to control this growth is to start with lots of very small seeds, by using already creamed honey. Then put it in a refigerator, at a temperature of about 8 degree C. This slows down crystal growth and allows many more, smaller crystals to form. It takes longer than normal crystalized honey, which forms the fastest around 15 degrees C. The honey may also be stirred during crystallization, to help keep the crystals small, but care needs to be taken avoid air mixing with the honey while stirring. The honey is heated before crystallizing only to kill any yeast that exist in it. If the yeast causes the honey to ferment, the process will not work.

 * Crystallized or candied honey is made by letting the honey crystallize naturally. Leaving the lid off the jar does not help, as this causes the honey to absorb moisture from the air, and could lead to it going bad (fermenting). (The main reason honey keeps so well is because it doesn't have enough water for germs to survive in.) Exactly how fast the honey crystallizes, and how large the crystals will be, depends on the exact concentrations of sugars it contains. Honey with more fructose than glucose, such as chestnut honey, will not crystallize. However, honey with very high concentrations of glucose, such as brassica honey, will crystallize almost immediately. Clover honey may take a couple of months to crystallize. Some honeys produce very large crystals, while others produce much smaller crystals, all depending on the proportions of the specific sugars.

 * It should also be noted that, while the health benefits of honey have been well documented, infant deaths from botulism have occured by feeding babies honey. It is well known that honey is the cause of these deatha. For instance, babies in the US have died from eating Japanese honey, containing a type of botulism found only in Japan. The only possible cause was the honey. Honey tends to contain much higher concentrations of botulism spores than most other foods, or even dirt. I would strongly discourage you from feeding it to infants, whose immune systems cannot handle botulism attacks. It may have worked out ok before, but it only takes one wrong batch to change your life forever. Zaereth (talk) 17:59, 12 November 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Creamed honey


text: User talk:199.97.98.39

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:199.97.98.39


text:
Bryn Mawr Apartment Hotel

The Bryn Mawr Apartment Hotel is a 12-story building in the Bryn Mawr Historic District in far-north neighborhood community of Edgewater in Chicago, Illinois. Located on North Kenmore Avenue, it is across the road from the Belle Shore Apartment Hotel. It was designated a historic Chicago Landmark by the Chicago City Council on November 6, 2002.

title: Bryn Mawr Apartment Hotel


text:
Petty kingdom

A petty kingdom is a kingdom described as minor or "petty" (from the French 'petit' meaning small) by contrast to an empire or unified kingdom that either preceded or succeeded it (e.g. the numerous kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England unified into the Kingdom of England in the 10th century, or the numerous Gaelic kingdoms of Ireland as the Kingdom of Ireland in the 16th century). Alternatively, a petty kingdom would be a minor kingdom in the immediate vicinity of larger kingdoms, such as the medieval Kingdom of Mann and the Isles relative to the kingdoms of Scotland or England or the Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia.

In the parallel mainland Southeast Asian political model, petty kingdoms were known as mueang.

By the European High Middle Ages, many post-Roman Early Middle Ages petty kingdoms had evolved into principalities, grand duchies, or duchies. By the European Early Modern era, many of these principalities had been mediatized into larger monarchies, but the ruling families were not considered morganatic for marriage considerations, and ranked equal to royal families in society. The various small states of the Holy Roman Empire are generally not considered to be petty kingdoms since they were at least nominally subject to the Holy Roman Emperor and not fully independent.

Anatolia
Beyliks were small Turkish principalities (or petty kingdoms) governed by Beys, which were founded across Anatolia at the end of the 11th century in a first period, and more extensively during the decline of the Seljuq Sultanate of Rum during the second half of the 13th century.

The Ottoman Empire quickly collected itself under Mehmed I and his son Murad II re-incorporated most of these beyliks into Ottoman territory in a space of around 25 years. The final blow for the Karamanids was struck by Mehmed II who conquered their lands and re-assured a homogeneous rule in Anatolia. The further steps towards a single rule by the Ottomans were taken by Selim I who conquered territories of Ramadanids and Dulkadirids in 1515 during his campaign against the Mamluks, and his son Süleyman the Magnificent who more or less completely united the present territories of Turkey (and much more) in his 1534 campaign. Many of the former Anatolian beyliks became the basis for administrative subdivisions in the Ottoman Empire.

England
Before the Kingdom of England was established as a united entity, there were various kingdoms in the area—of which the main seven were known as the heptarchy. These were Wessex, Mercia, Northumbria (which also extended into present-day Scotland and originally formed from the earlier kingdoms of Deira and Bernicia), East Anglia (formed from the union of the early kingdoms of Suffolk and Norfolk), Sussex, Kent, and Essex. Other small Anglo-Saxon kingdoms existed at various points, including Hwicce, Lindsey (which survived as the Parts of Lindsey, Lincolnshire) and the Wihtwara (Isle of Wight). These are commonly referred to as "petty kingdoms".

During the 9th and 10th centuries, the Norse also established the Kingdom of Jórvík centred around York, and the Five Boroughs of the Danelaw (a.k.a. Danish Mercia). They also controlled the Kingdom of East Anglia during this period.

Prior to the arrival of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes (the later Anglo-Saxons) what is now England was ruled by numerous Brittonic kings, which are discussed under Wales below.

Iberian Peninsula
The taifa were the various Islamic petty kingdoms that existed in Iberia after the collapse of the Caliphate of Cordoba in 1031.

There were various Christian petty kingdoms as well on the peninsula that, in the Middle Ages, consolidated into the modern states of Spain and Portugal. Over time, these consolidated into two "Crowns" that were themselves unified in the late 15th and early 16th centuries to the unified Kingdom of Spain.

These include:
 * Crown of Castile
 * Kingdom of Castile
 * Kingdom of Galicia
 * Kingdom of León
 * Kingdom of Navarre (a portion remained independent north of the Pyrenees before merging with France)
 * Several other territories outside Iberia, mostly in the Americas and central Atlantic Ocean
 * Crown of Aragon
 * Kingdom of Aragon
 * Principality of Catalonia
 * Kingdom of Valencia
 * Kingdom of Majorca
 * Several other territories outside Iberia, mostly in other parts of the Mediterranean countries

The Kingdom of Portugal remained independent throughout most of the period of consolidation, except for a period of 60 years (1580–1640) when it was part of the Iberian Union.

Ireland
The earliest known kingdoms or tribes in Ireland are referred to in Ptolemy's Geography, written in the 2nd century. He names the Vennicni, Rhobogdi, Erdini, Magnatae, Autini, Gangani, Vellabori, Darini, Voluntii (identified as the Ulaid nation or Uluti tribe), Eblani, Cauci, Menapii, Coriondi and Brigantes tribes and kingdoms.

Irish medieval pseudohistory gives a seemingly idealized division of kingdoms. The island is traditionally divided into five provinces or "fifths" (Old Irish cóiceda, Modern Irish cúige), four of which survive today: Ulaid (Ulster, modern Irish Ulaidh) in the north, Cóiced Ol nEchmacht (Connacht) in the west, Mumha (Munster, modern Irish an Mhumhain) in the south west, and Laigin (Leinster, modern Irish Laighin) in the south east. The fifth kingdom, Mide (whose name has survived in the modern counties of Meath and Westmeath, modern Irish an Mhí and an Iarmhí) in the centre/east, ceased to exist in the Middle Ages.

At various points in history there existed a High King of Ireland, who ruled over the other kings as suzerain, much like the British High Kings and Anglo-Saxon Bretwalda. There also existed Kings of Tara who did not rule all of Ireland but were recognised as holding positions of authority over the other kings. These two titles were not mutually exclusive and were often held by the same individual.

Each of the kings of these kingdoms (titled rí ruirech or 'king of over-kings') was himself an over-king of several regional kings (titled rí buiden or rí tuath), who in turn ruled over several túatha, whose rulers held the title rí benn or ri tuaithe. The territories and hierarchy of all of these constantly shifted as old dynasties died and new ones formed, and as lower kings took higher positions. Many of these túatha survived as later Irish baronies.

Several of the regional kings were at various points independent of their provincial over-king and indeed rivalled them in power and territory. Bréifne was originally part of Connacht but much of it lay in what is today Ulster. It later split into East and West Bréifne. Airgíalla (Oriel) and Cenél nEógain (also known as the Northern Uí Néill, in contrast to the Southern Uí Néill who ruled Mide; In Fochla or In Tuaiscert, both meaning "the North"; Ailech; and Tyrone/Tír Eoghain) were nominally part of Ulaid. Osraige (Ossory) was originally part of Mumha, but lay between Mumha and Laigin and was controlled by both at various points. Dál Riata was also an Irish (sub-)kingdom, which mostly lay in modern Argyll and Bute in Scotland but originated in and initially extended into north-eastern Ireland and was (nominally) subject to Ulaid. In the 12th century Munster was split into two smaller over-kingdoms: Deasmhumhain (Desmond, literally South Munster) and Tuadhmhumhain (Thomond, literally North Munster).

In addition to the Irish petty kingdoms, there was a Norse presence on the island from the 9th century. They conquered Dublin, where they established the Kingdom of Dublin (Old Norse: Dyflin, Old Irish: Duibhlinn), which at various points was closely tied with the Norse Kingdom of Jórvík which was centred on modern York, England. The Norse also controlled several other coastal settlements, including Wexford, Waterford, Cork and Limerick.

Nepal
Before the unification of Nepal by the Shah Dynasty there were dozens of petty kingdoms. The Karnali region was called the Baise Rajya (बाइसे राज्य), i.e. 22 Kingdoms, and the Gandaki region to the east was called Chaubisi Rajya (चौबिसी राज्य), i.e. 24 Kingdoms.

Norway
The petty kingdoms of Norway numbered at least 28:

 * Agder
 * Grenland
 * Gudbrandsdal
 * Hadeland
 * Hålogaland
 * Hardanger
 * Hedmark
 * Hordaland
 * Land
 * Namdalen
 * Nordmøre
 * Oppland
 * Orkdalen
 * Ranrike
 * Raumarike
 * Ringerike
 * Rogaland
 * Romsdal
 * Sogn
 * Solør
 * Sunnmøre
 * Telemark
 * Toten
 * Trøndelag
 * Vestfold
 * Vestmar
 * Vingulmark
 * Voss

Philippines
The Pre-colonial petty kingdoms of the Philippines were locally known as Barangays and can be divided into culture groups, over whether they were predominantly Malay, Indianized, Sinified or Islamized.

 * Malay
 * Polity of Cainta
 * Kedatuan of Dapitan
 * Kingdom of Namayan

 * Sinified
 * Kingdom of Caboloan
 * Nation of Ma-i
 * Nation of Sandao
 * State of Pulilu

 * Indianized
 * Kingdom of Tondo
 * Rajahnate of Cebu
 * Rajahnate of Butuan
 * Rajahnate of Sanmalan

 * Islamic
 * Rajahnate of Maynila
 * Sultanate of Sulu
 * Sultanate of Maguindanao
 * Confederation of Sultanates in Lanao

Serbia
Medieval Serbia comprised, at various time periods, smaller kingdoms of Rascia, Zeta (Dioclea, corresponding to portions of contemporary Montenegro), Syrmia and the duchy of Hum (roughly corresponding to present-day Herzegovina and some of its surroundings).

Scotland
There were many petty kingdoms in Scotland before its unification. They can be grouped by language:

 * Brittonic/Cumbric (see Hen Ogledd):
 * Gododdin
 * Strathclyde
 * Rheged (also extended into modern England)
 * Pictish:
 * Fortriu
 * Pictavia
 * Cait
 * Ce, situated in modern Mar and Buchan
 * Circinn, perhaps situated in modern Angus and the Mearns
 * Fib, the modern Fife, known to this day as 'the Kingdom of Fife'
 * Fidach, location unknown
 * Fotla, modern Atholl (Ath-Fotla)
 * Anglian/Anglo-Saxon:
 * Bernicia (also extended into modern England; conquered the former Gododdin territory)
 * Northumbria (formed from the union of Bernicia with the more southerly Deira; later controlled territory further west upon the incorporation of Rheged)
 * Gaelic:
 * Dál Riata (mostly modern Argyll and Bute but originated in and initially extended into Ireland)
 * Old Norse/Norse-Gaelic; see also Scandinavian Scotland
 * Kingdom of the Isles (Suðreyjar; also the Kingdom of Mann and the Isles)
 * the Northern Isles (Norðreyjar) and Caithness were also Norse-ruled but were generally subject to Norway and/or Scotland (see Earldom of Orkney).

Sweden
According to the Norse sagas, and modern history, Sweden was divided into more-or-less independent units in some areas corresponding to the folklands and the modern traditional provinces. According to the sagas, the folklands and provinces of eastern Svealand were united under the Swedish king at Gamla Uppsala. Moreover, the domains of this king could also include parts of Götaland and even southern Norway. This probably reflects the volatile politics of Iron Age Scandinavia. The province of Småland once consisted of several petty kingdoms; indeed, the name Småland means small lands/countries.

Tanzania
Chagga Kingdoms, also historically referred to as the Chaggaland, were a pre-colonial series of a Bantu sovereign states of the Chagga people on Mount Kilimanjaro in modern-day northern Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania. The mountain was divided into kingdoms, which the British authority ultimately degraded to chiefdoms and which, by 1886, were governed by sovereign independent mangis (kings in Kichagga). After that, Kilimanjaro was included in the governing structure, and the "chiefs" authority was constrained accordingly. From 1886 to 1916, Kilimanjaro was governed by the Germans as part of German East Africa. From 1916 to 1961, it was governed by the British as a part of the territory that had been renamed Tanganyika. In December 1961, it was incorporated into the independent sovereign state of Tanganyika. However, as of 1899, there were 37 Kingdoms atop the mountain, according to August Windenmann, a German surgeon stationed at Moshi in the 1890s.

Wales
Rarely has the country of Wales formed one cohesive kingdom. For the greater part of its history, Wales evolved into four kingdoms, or principalities, following the Roman withdrawal from Britain in the 5th century. Mountainous terrain, forested river valleys, and remote upland moors contributed to a strong sense of localism and autonomy, though the Welsh people shared a deeply felt sentiment of nationality, as reflected in Welsh law codified in the 10th century. According to historian Professor John Davies, there are four geographic regions more or less equal in terms of resources and population, from which four principalities emerged: Ynys Môn for Gwynedd, the Severn river valley for Powys, the Vale for Glamorgan and the lands up to the Wye (Morgannwg), and the Ystrad Tywi (Valley of the Tywi) for Deheubarth. Rhodri the Great inherited Gwynedd from his father and Powys through his mother, and married Angharad of Seisyllwg (Ceredigion and Carmarthenshire) and ruling there by right of his wife. Rhodri exerted great influence in the rest of Wales as well, and after his death his realms were divided amongst his sons. Nevertheless, the House of Aberffraw of Gwynedd, as the senior line descendants of Rhodri the Great, claimed overlordship over the whole of Wales, though they would encounter resistance by junior dynasts of Dinefwr. It would not be until the 1216 Council of Aberdyfi that the Aberffraw line under Llywelyn the Great would be able to secure their position as Prince of the Welsh.

 * Gwynedd 5th century–1282 (conquest by Edward I of England)
 * See also History of Gwynedd during the High Middle Ages
 * See also Culture of Gwynedd during the High Middle Ages
 * Meirionydd
 * Rhos
 * Edeyrnion
 * Deheubarth 920-1116 (merged with Gwynedd to form the de facto Principality of Wales)
 * Seisyllwg, a petty kingdom from 680 to 920, comprising Ceredigion and Ystrad Tywi. In 871, Princess Angharad inherited Seisyllwg, and her husband Rhodri of Gwynedd-Powys administered it by right of his wife on her behalf, and incorporated it into his kingdom. Later, Angharad and Rhodri gave Seisyllwg to their second son Cadell ap Rhodri to rule as a vassal and appendage of Gwynedd. Cadell founded the Dinefwr dynasty of Deheubarth.
 * Ceredigion
 * Ystrad Tywi
 * Dyfed, a petty kingdom between c. 410–920, merged into Deheubarth through inheritance.
 * Powys
 * Brycheiniog
 * Gwrtheyrnion
 * Buellt
 * Pengwern
 * Elfael
 * Maelienydd
 * Morgannwg
 * Glywysing
 * Gwent
 * Ergyng
 * Dumnonia (Located in modern South West England)

Hen Ogledd
There existed other Brittonic petty kingdoms outside modern Wales and the North West of England. These are collectively known as Hen Ogledd or 'the Old North'. With the exception of Ystrad Clut, which became part of Scotland in around the 11th century, most of these had been absorbed into Anglo-Saxon kingdoms by the 8th century.
 * Rheged, located mainly in modern Northern England.
 * Elmet
 * Gododdin, located in modern Scotland.
 * Ystrad Clut or Strathclyde, located mainly in modern South West Scotland but extending into Cumbria.
 * Deira. Anglo-Saxon kingdom in modern Yorkshire believed to be of Brittonic origin
 * Bryneich, located in modern North East England. Later became the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Bernicia.

title: Petty kingdom


text:
Talk:Scilla

April 2005
In case anyone is wondering, I decided that a significant plant genus trumps an uncommon spelling in Greek mythology, and should therefore "own" the name. Stan 05:30, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Clarification?
"...an ingredient in cough medicines and cardiac surgery."

How is it used as an ingredient in cardiac surgery? Russia Moore 05:01, 23 December 2006 (UTC)

November 2012
I was actually interested in the obscure Greek reference. (Plutarch, Life of Pericles). The squill, or sea onion, he is referring to should be Drimia maritime. It is still a member of the family asparagaceae, but the Genus and Subfamily are entirely different. Helen Cozart  209.55.94.154 (talk) 19:55, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

Uses
I'm perusing a document (Dumbarton Oaks Studies XXXVI: Siegecraft: Two Tenth-Century Instructional Manuals by 'Heron of Byzantium'", by Denis F. Sullivan, which I found at http://www.doaks.org/Etexts.html - URL: http://www.doaks.org/Siegecraft.pdf ). In it, in a "marginal scolion" on page 33, "squill" is used in making "long-lasting rations".

It's "boiled, washed with water, dried and cut very thin; then sesame is mixed into it, one fifth part, and poppy one fifteenth, and all this is crushed and the best honey kneaded into it. Divide this into pieces the size of large olives. If one uses one of these at the second hour, another at the tenth, he will not be severely affected by hunger."

In another ration described in the paragraph immediately afterwards, the squill is prepared thus: "Peel the squill and cut away the roots and leaves, separating it into small pieces, put it in a mixing bowl, pound it very smooth."

(I'm confused about the procedure. I don't understand how one can cut away the roots and leaves _after_ peeling something, assuming one is working with a bulb or tuber from the start.) D021317c 21:34, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

I have found one's comments to be slighty herbalist towards the common squill plantaius Haleyus confusious thus forth one would think, this suggestion would be some what skewed. Hence forth a study from Danniverke (David Longbottom - PHD XL CM Yale polytech) suggests that one can actually peel the male Squill with a small set of tweezers. Which in context with the size of large Olives would make it totally feasable. [User:B081726h] — Preceding unsigned comment added by 118.90.8.113 (talk) 07:17, 29 November 2012 (UTC)

Medical uses
The medical uses of "squill" refer to the species now called Drimia maritima, the Sea Squill, formerly Scilla maritima, but not now a Scilla. So I removed the material entirely. It could be added to the Drimia maritima article, I guess, but I leave that to others. Peter coxhead (talk) 16:53, 16 April 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Scilla


text:
Talk:2005 in video games

Releases
Personally, I don't very much like the "Expected releases" section. Should we instead do something like film and just either list games released in the year + release date or just notable or what? K1Bond007 05:32, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)

Can you Please add "The Legend of Zelda: The Minish Cap" to the notable releases.

thanks. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Thehotwad1 (talk • contribs) 14:53, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Added indigo prophecy to notable releases section. if killer 7 is notable, than indigo prophecy is. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.235.110.146 (talk) 04:32, 31 March 2009 (UTC)

On the Half Life 2 page, it states the release date as "November 16, 2004." I'm not sure which page displays the correct release date, this one, or the actual Half Life 2 page. — Preceding unsigned comment added by TheNetherKing (talk • contribs) 03:26, 24 December 2023 (UTC)

Incomplete list of Xbox 360 launch titles with incorrect dates.
Games such as PGR 3 and others are not included in the notable games list. Plus the release dates of Call of Duty 2 and other Xbox 360 games are not on Nov 15. Pls correct this. The evidence or proof required is here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_in_video_gaming. *Check out the titles that have been released for the xbox 360 as you scroll down the "Notable Releases". The release dates are wrong and the Xbox 360 games such as Project Gotham Racing 3 and NBA 2K6 are not indicated. Pls also look at this link for reference http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_360_launch#Titles. Thanks for your time. I just want the article to be reliable. Sorry for any inconvenience.

How can the release dates of these games be before Nov 22 when the Xbox 360 was launched on Nov 22?

http://www.engadget.com/2005/09/15/xbox-360-launch-date-is-november-22/

Your question

Can anyone pls fix this?

 * Hello,
 * Can you tell me what the actual date is? That would be very helpful trying to make that change.
 * TheOriginalSoni (talk) 13:55, 23 April 2013 (UTC)

Question 2
The release dates of the games stated above are on Nov 22 since they are launch titles and they've been launched at the same time as the Xbox 360 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 112.209.247.31 (talk) 05:24, 24 April 2013

If you are looking to edit this article, please refer to Editing policy for information on how to edit articles on Wikipedia. Steel1943 (talk) 07:31, 24 April 2013 (UTC)

Consistent Updating?
Does anyone in Wikipedia constantly check the talk pages in "Years in Video Gaming" to be sure everything is updated and proper? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 112.209.215.123 (talk) 11:46, 19 May 2013 (UTC)

112.209.215.123 (talk) 11:54, 19 May 2013 (UTC)

 * I don't think articles on 2005 events will require that much updating. This page in particular has fewer than 30 watchers, but I expect most pages are watched by someone. Huon (talk) 04:17, 20 May 2013 (UTC)

Wrong dates and notable omissions
Weren't most Xbox 360 games this year released on Nov 22? Why are games such as COD 2, Kameo and others released before Nov 22? And why isn't Project Gotham Racing 3 and Dead or Alive 4 not included in the list? I mean PGR 3 and DOA 4 were well received by gamers and were critically acclaimed games. Here's proof:

http://www.metacritic.com/browse/games/score/metascore/year/xbox360?year_selected=2005&sort=desc&hardware=all&view=detailed

Pls update this thanks.

Robert Latik (talk) 11:40, 22 May 2013 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure why. I'm sure someone who edits the article more regularly will be more than happy to answer, though. I dream of horses (T) @ 05:08, 23 May 2013 (UTC)

US-centric?
Why the hell do these articles (19/20xx in video gaming) all give the top selling games of the year in the USA, rather than worldwide? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.29.210.151 (talk) 13:43, 6 March 2014 (UTC)

 * Likely because that's what we have sources for. Do you know of a source that gives the corresponding worldwide figures? Huon (talk) 17:39, 6 March 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on 2005 in video gaming. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100710141953/http://www.businessandmedia.org/news/2005/news20050309.asp to http://www.businessandmedia.org/news/2005/news20050309.asp
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20050525154642/http://www.scei.co.jp/corporate/release/pdf/050517e.pdf to http://www.scei.co.jp/corporate/release/pdf/050517e.pdf

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:34, 17 June 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on 2005 in video gaming. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060204082521/http://www.npd.com/dynamic/releases/press_060117.html to http://www.npd.com/dynamic/releases/press_060117.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:49, 15 December 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on 2005 in video gaming. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060204090152/http://www.npd.com/dynamic/releases/press_060117a.html to http://www.npd.com/dynamic/releases/press_060117a.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 07:45, 11 January 2018 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:2023 in video games which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 18:20, 24 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:2005 in video games


text:
Talk:Jack Abramoff

Nobody ever called Abramoff a writer
Hello. Abramoff has been called many things, but “writer” isn't among them. But a very aggressive IP insists, that Abramoff is a writer and wants it mentioned in the lead. Would somebody be good enough and explain to this IP if need be, because I'm going to remove it from the lead, that the producer and coauthor of a film (IMDb), and what's commonly called a “writer” are two entirely different things. Thank you, Ajnem (talk) 17:35, 14 March 2012 (UTC)

 * I have a solid source from IMDB that states he is a writer. He has also authored 2 books. Look at the 3rd paragraph of his page where it states that he authored, "Capitol Punishment: The Hard Truth About Corruption From America's Most Notorious Lobbyist". Not sure what else you have to do in life to be called a writer but he is a writer. So what you are saying is if you write a script for a movie, Red Scorpion, and author 2 books, you can not call yourself a writer. That doesnt make logical sense. You are ignoring my source and basing your rewrite on your opinion and not facts. You think it is above him to be called a writer because you dont personally like him. If you look at your rewrites you are trying to paint him in a negative way and that is not what Wikipedia is about. If you dont like him go post on some blogs or forums what you dont like about him, Wikipedia is about facts not opinions. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 15:49, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Please look at the IMDB source closer. You are saying it only shows him as the producer. He was the producer and the writer of the film. You must have overlooked this. Even the wikipedia page for Red Scorpion lists him as a writer for the movie. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 15:56, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Abramoff is a screenwriter and author. Screenwriter for the movie Red Scorpion and author for 2 books. If you look at the Wikipedia page for these two professions they are considered writers.

 * Screenwriters or scriptwriters or scenario writers are writers who practise the craft of screenwriting, writing screenplays on which mass media such as films, television programs, comics or video games are based. The term writer is customarily used as a synonym of author, although the latter term has a somewhat broader meaning. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 21:53, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Also screenwriters are not called coauthors of a film. A screenwriter is a writer and an author is a writer. Abramoff has done both. If you went up to a screenwriter for a film and called him an author of the film he/she would laugh at you. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 21:53, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Please dont call me a "very aggressive IP". I am not even aggressive and please dont talk down to me with a condescending tone. I could label you that because your the one making the rewrites without legitimate sources for your rewrites. You are suppose to be civil and starting off your comment with this language doesnt follow Wikipedia rules of civility. I am firm on keeping this written the way it is so if you plan on rewriting it again I would suggest getting an admin involved. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 22:03, 2 April 2012 (UTC)

No original research, dear IP, that's the issue. If you find a reliable source which calls Abramoff a writer – not your source, which names him as the author of a specific film, but a source that says: "Jack Abramoff ... is a writer (among other things)", you may put it in the lead, otherwise, it's called edit-warring, Ajnem (talk) 10:04, 3 April 2012 (UTC)
 * No OR

 * IMDB does call him a writer and also a producer. Are you ignoring the fact that he is also wrote a book? Get an admin involved. You are being aggressive by rewriting without having any solid source for your reasoning. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 15:41, 3 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Would you prefer I put screenwriter and author? Or should I ignore the fact that he has done both? Your ignoring facts. If you change it again I will contact an admin. Last warning. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 15:47, 3 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Added 2 additional sources. Both are links to Wikipedia. One for him as a writer for Red Scorpion and one for being an author of a book. Is Wikipedia a valid source? 199.209.144.218 (talk) 16:25, 3 April 2012 (UTC)
 * No 199.209.144.218, Wikipedia is no source for Wikipedia. And by the way, what's so great about Abramoff's co-writing for the defunct South African Apartheid regime “basically a comic book or a Saturday morning cartoon masquerading as a feature film” ? Or do you allude to Abramoff's literary e-mail-writing by calling him a writer? But by all means, contact an administrator. Cheers, Ajnem (talk) 09:45, 16 April 2012 (UTC)

 * This is the last time Ajnem. We have discussed this enough. I have provided you with plenty of sources. At this point you are not making any sense and are injecting your personal bias. I WILL contact an admin if you change it again. Your waiting for time to pass and your coming back and vandalizing this article. An admin will be contacted if you change it again. Eelnire (talk) 05:16, 18 April 2012 (UTC)

Ajnem is engaging in an editing war. I have reasoned with him by changing "writer" to "screenwriter & author", provided additional sources and he continues to delete edits based on his personal opinon. He is changing this information every 2 or 3 days so he can fly under the radar and not get flagged for vandelism. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 18:22, 23 April 2012 (UTC)

ANI-notice
For further discussion please see Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents. Thank you, Ajnem (talk) 14:47, 2 May 2012 (UTC)

 * Writing the story for a movie does not make you a screenwriter. Also, Wikipedia articles may not be used as references in other WP articles, so I have removed those sources. I left RottenTomatoes in.-- SarekOfVulcan (talk) 15:00, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
 * This, dear SarekOfVulcan, is not helpful, as there are no more sources calling Abramoff an “author” – plain and simple: “Jack Abramoff is an author” – than sources calling him a “writer”. Ajnem (talk) 16:19, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
 * To reply to some of what you wrote here and at AN/I:
 * What is a writer? (Rhetorical.) He has written a book. A published book. It's published by what appears to be a niche (but not vanity press) publishing house. Use the word "author" if preferred. In fact I see at one point the article has.
 * Yes, multiple refs in the lead to cite that he's an author if the main body discusses his published writing are generally unnecessary. The lead should generally summarise the body not introduce other facts.
 * As SarekofVulcan points out writing the story for a movie and writing for the screen are different. (Arne Olsen was the screenwriter of the film mentioned.)
 * As for "sources" using terms like disgraced and ex-con, well it's not really neutral encyclopedic language.
 * Lastly, be cool – all of you – it's always easier. --92.6.211.228 (talk) 16:38, 2 May 2012 (UTC)

 * Screenwriters or scriptwriters or scenario writers are writers who practise the craft of screenwriting, writing screenplays on which mass media such as films, television programs, comics or video games are based. The term writer is customarily used as a synonym of author, although the latter term has a somewhat broader meaning.199.209.144.218 (talk) 17:56, 2 May 2012 (UTC)

 * This SarekOfVulcan is why I had originally put writer in the title because he wrote the story for a movie and wrote a book. Ajnem is being unreasonable and that is why its obvious he doesnt want writer or any mention of writing for Jack Abramoff mentioned, because he has a Personal bias towards Jack Abramoff. I could list a dozen other people that have done the same thing as Jack and Ajnem wouldnt have a problem with it. Its obvious that Ajnem has a bias towards Republicans and doesnt want a Republican mentioned as a writer because he feels it is beneath non-Republicans. He is out to deface Jack Abramoff. That is why he tried to add Republican to his title even though the guy isnt a politican. Ajnem is making these edits on here to smear Republicans. I am not even a Republican but dont think what Ajnem is doing is following Wikipedia's code of conduct. 199.209.144.218 (talk) 17:56, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Once you serve four years as chair of the College Republican National Committee and serve on a President's transition team, I think "add[ing] Republican to your title" is a fairly reasonable action. -- SarekOfVulcan (talk) 18:12, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Agree. I would add once you write one or more books published by a legitimate publishing house, I think "calling [yourself] an author" is a fairly reasonable action. --92.6.211.228 (talk) 18:38, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
 * An author is a writer and I have provided Wikipedia entries explaining this. I am reverting writer back to the page. He is noted as a writer for a movie and writer of a book. This is enough resources to call him a writer. Eelnire (talk) 23:16, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
 * SarekOfVulcan also removed my valid source for him being a movie producer. Restoring source. Eelnire (talk) 23:28, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Okay I'll try to explain. In building articles it's important to always strive for reliable sources. SarekOfVulcan removed your sources through concerns on their reliability. a) Ref 1 that you added is to IMDb.com. Some editors believe this isn't reliable because some of its information is drawn from user-submissions. For a mainstream film it's probably possible to find a press source through googlenews to support the information. b) Refs 3 and 4 are cites to Wikipedia itself. Avoid those. c) Again, generally the Lead doesn't need citing because it's a summary of the main body and the points are cited there. --92.6.211.228 (talk) 23:42, 2 May 2012 (UTC)
 * I will remove IMDb and the Wikipedia sources and find valid news sources. Thanks. Eelnire (talk) 00:07, 3 May 2012 (UTC)

 * Evaluating sources can be difficult, it's something you improve on gradually. Seeing good faith efforts to add better ones is always encouraging.
 * The new ones are still somewhat weak. Wolframalpha claims it's an "answer engine". It appears to be a search engine that scrapes 'structured data' (e.g. in tables) from the web - which could include wikis; amazon.com being essentially a shopfront provides little as a ref. I suppose if the book had to be cited then the Washington Post article cited in the Criticism section would do, or if his producing the film needed to be cited the Prevue magazine ref used in the film article would do probably formatted something like:
 * ...Of course in practice I wouldn't have 10 cites in the lead myself. --92.6.211.228 (talk) 14:31, 3 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Moved 2 sources to external links and added 1 source to lead. Eelnire (talk) 20:17, 3 May 2012 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure you understood what I saying about the sources. They don't add anything as external links. What fact is that new source intended to verify? --92.6.211.228 (talk) 21:08, 3 May 2012 (UTC)
 * I'm not sure you understood what I saying about the sources. They don't add anything as external links. What fact is that new source intended to verify? --92.6.211.228 (talk) 21:08, 3 May 2012 (UTC)

Nice try, 92.6.211.228. However, from my point of view, an IP tutoring a newly registered user is rather like the blind leading the lame. I don't think that either Eelnire nor anybody else is going to learn much that is of practical use about Reliable sources from an IP who refers to e.g. The New York Times and The Washington Post as “Yellow journalism sources” and claims that theirs “[i]s not really neutral encyclopedic language” (see above). You couldn't be more mistaken. These two newspapers, as well as others, whether or not you personally agree with the terms they use to describe a person, Abramoff in this case, but it could be anybody, are top reliable sources by Wikipedia standards. But be that as it may, this is the Abramoff talk page, not the Help desk. So I suggest you take your tutoring to Eelnire's talk page or to wherever IPs commonly do their tutoring – you'll feel much more comfortable. Cheers, Ajnem (talk) 11:43, 4 May 2012 (UTC)
 * The blind leading the lame
 * Please don't put words into my mouth. I did not refer to The New York Times and Washington Post as yellow press sources and claim they equal "[non] neutral encyclopedic language". Quite the opposite given I recommended the use of the Washington Post in a comment. . Nor have I ever suggested the NYT doesn't meet our RS guidelines. I referred to lurid or sensationalist language ("yellow journalism") such as "disgraced" and "ex-con". Both terms were from your edits on ANI/articles. Newspapers, even reputable ones, may say all sorts of things. That does not mean we must repeat it when dealing with content on living persons.
 * It is appropriate to refer to a conviction, charges, and sentence using appropriate sources. However, it is not necessary to editorialise ("disgraced") like that—be it through own prose or arranging quotes to get the desired effect. Content on living persons, even those who've been subject of controversy, should be non-sensationalist, neutral and disinterested. The statement you inserted used an assertion by 1 source (NPR) to state unattributed: "usually described as a “disgraced former Republican lobbyist”". I've cleaned it up. Editors do not get to pick and choose whether to follow policies and norms depending on the contributor. Please comment on content not contributors. --92.6.211.228 (talk) 15:59, 4 May 2012 (UTC)

 * @92.6.211.228 Utter nonsense. I quoted you literally and correctly, adding the difflink into the bargain. As you obviously don't know, it's The New York Times and The Washington Post, yellow press using “lurid or sensationalist language” in your parlance, which describe Abramoff as “disgraced former Republican lobbyist” NPR refers to or as “ex-con” etc. I referred to. Either log in if you want to give advice, let alone determine what's “appropriate” for the English Wikipedia and what's not, not to mention doing any cleaning ups in articles, or please go play elsewhere, thank you, Ajnem (talk) 17:12, 4 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Like your earlier comment this is inaccurate. Please re-read the comment you replied to. Consensus determines what is appropriate for the English Wikipedia. Thanks. --92.6.211.228 (talk) 19:10, 4 May 2012 (UTC)
 * 92.6.211.228, I understand your personal point of view quite well, I guess:
 * One: Newspapers call Abramoff “ex-con”, or “convicted” “disgraced” “corrupt” lobbyist etc. which you don't like.
 * Two: you called it “lurid or sensationalist language” and you called the newspapers using it “yellow press”.
 * Three: The newspapers in question are The Washington Post and The New York Times among others.
 * Four: Therefore, logically speaking, you called The Washington Post and The New York Times (among others) “yellow press” using “lurid or sensationalist language” – no need to re-read enything. As for “consensus”, I don't think that a new user with one single edit to his name reverting a correction made by an administrator after having explained it shows much consensus-mindedness, or any other attitude which should be uncouraged by anybody, IP or not IP. But just out of curosity: What is your reason for using an IP rather than registering/logging in? Cheers, Ajnem (talk) 09:39, 7 May 2012 (UTC)
 * You are incorrect Ajnem. I did not revert a correction from an admin. I changed the edit by adding more sources. And the person was not an admin but a regular user. I am also tired of you attacking people on here specifically me. You continue to call me a new user and demean me cause I am new. You have also repeatedly called me names. I have been in contact with other admins on here and logged my displeasure with being harassed. One more time and I am filing a complaint for harassment against you. Again there is no difference in a user who has made 1 edit or 100 edits. There is also no difference in users with an account and one without. If you dont forcus on content and stop attacking me cause I am new I will file a complaint for harassment and we will see if Wikipedia condones your conduct on here. Eelnire (talk) 14:20, 7 May 2012 (UTC)
 * "IP's Are Human Too" Eelnire (talk) 14:24, 7 May 2012 (UTC)

 * I don't think you (Anjem) do understand.
 * There's a subtle unfounded insinuation of POV-pushing with "personal point of view" & "which you don't like". Actually I've no personal point of view regarding the living subject, nor had I heard of him before seeing your AN/I post and coming here as an uninvolved editor.
 * Again, the media says all sorts of things and subject to certain limitations is free to do so: It doesn't follow we should repeat it. This is covered in relevant policies. You're again ignoring how I previously recommended continued use of at least one of the sources—hardly what would happen if I didn't think they were reliable/reasonable.
 * To date I've made zero edits to this article. On blp grounds I made one edit to the book article; you reverted it. I brought the specific concern ("disgraced") up at the relevant noticeboard. Another editor confirmed it unnecessary by re-removing, making additional useful changes in the process.
 * Quantity of edits (169 of all types on this IP prior to coming here in my case but that's by the by) isn't a license to circumvent policies or disregard contributions.
 * As for new users, who even if new we're obliged not to bite, "with one single edit", I find the comment somewhat disingenuous given the editor you refer to has stated on your thread two IPs were used as entitled prior to creating an account, not to mention swiftly after that edit she engaged in discussion of the sources here.
 * I had hoped after a different administrator advised you on your talkpage we could move on to concentrate on the content. I remain hopeful. --92.6.211.228 (talk) 22:13, 7 May 2012 (UTC)

Thanks ever so much
Thank you dear IP so much for having made me laugh with all my heart. You have never even “heard of [Abramoff] before seeing [my] AN/I post and coming here as an uninvolved editor”! That's so hilariously funny. Ajnem (talk) 08:23, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Putting aside how inappropriate your posting haha after somebody expressed willingness to focus on improving the article is, I'm not interested in what you find amusing. Just cease making baseless accusations of personal bias or anything else toward others. --92.6.211.228 (talk) 14:35, 8 May 2012 (UTC)
 * Amen to that...166.248.99.175 (talk) 06:59, 12 May 2012 (UTC)

Birthday
I was wondering in which year he was born. The german and some other wikipedia articles say 1959, while this article says 1958. 178.4.34.231 (talk) 18:07, 12 August 2012 (UTC)

The link situation
The link situation in this article is rather crazy. I have half a mind to nuke most of it, but I'm wondering if there's a reason why it's set up this way by long-term people here or not, and how we can fix it. Thargor Orlando (talk) 00:37, 23 February 2013 (UTC)

Merger proposal
Also, I found Monetary influence of Jack Abramoff in my travels and the piece is kind of a messy collection of information that doesn't seem necessary for an article on its own. I don't think it needs to be outright deleted, as I'd assume there's information there that could come here. Thoughts? Thargor Orlando (talk) 01:49, 23 February 2013 (UTC)

Libelous?
Under the header 'People convicted' this article lists Susan B. Ralston as resigning. Her Wiki-entry makes no mention of a conviction. Which is it? Her lawyer hasn't seen this page, i presume! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.81.245.133 (talk) 04:19, 31 March 2013 (UTC)

The word Writer & Republican
Ajnem is attempting to start up an editing war that he engaged in with me last year and was warned about for his vandalism of the first line on this page, please read the history for detail, he continually kept removing the word writer even though a consensus was reached to leave it with input from other users. This was discussed at GREAT lengths and concluded that the word writer would remain based on other user input. Yet Ajnem has popped up yet again to try and remove the word thinking everyone is gone and forgotten about it. We also discussed using the word Republican in the opening line and it was removed because Jack is NOT a politician and worked for multiple Democrat lobbyist firms. Ajnem please do not start up another editing war on the use of the work Writer, I am monitoring this page because I knew you would return. Eelnire (talk) 15:52, 14 April 2013 (UTC)
 * Eelnire, please stop distorting facts, and please read WP:AGF. As you are not an Wikipedia editor, but a one issue interested person, whose only interest in and contribution to Wikipedia is, as can be seen from your user contributions a): removing sourced material (Republican) and b) inserting unsourced material (writer), you cannot know the rules in Wikipedia, and it is not my duty to explain them to you. But just let me tell you that Wikipedia does not spread personal opinions such as whether it is appropriate to call a person a Republican or not, but just reports what reliable sources say. The majority of the sources call Abramoff a Republican and virtually no sources call Abramoff a writer, which has been explained to you before. You have been treated with courtesy because you were considered a newbie back in May 2012. Now you are not a newbie any more, but a one issue interested person trying to put her POV into an article. This is not a good idea. I'm going to put the "Republican" you removed back where it belongs by consensus and I'm going to do you the favor and put "author" instead of writer, as per User:SarekOfVulcan . But I'm not going to waste my time with a one issue interested party using Wikipedia for her own purpose. You want to have Abramoff called a writer, that's fine with me, I have no interest in Abramoff, but why stop at calling him a writer, at least call him a famous or notable writer. Cheers, Ajnem (talk) 07:52, 15 April 2013 (UTC)

 * This was already discussed in GREAT detail last year and Ajnem tried to be sneaky and come back a YEAR later and change it again. He is vandalizing this page based on his personal opinion and insulting me in the process. Calling me a ONE edit user is an insult and he insulted me multiple times last year one the same issue because I was editing with an IP and not logged into an account. A consensus was reached on this last year and by Ajnem agreeing to disagree and moving on we allowed the word writer to stay. I have sourced this over and over again. Jack is a writer for the movie Scorpion and a writer of multiple books. Ajnem will NOT let it go and continues to harass me in the process. Eelnire (talk) 14:11, 15 April 2013 (UTC)

 * There was NOT a consensus on using the word author. You Removed the word writer and only added author when you were caught being sneaky at removing the whole word. You are harassing me and insulting me and everything you are doing goes against Wiki's code of ethics. Eelnire (talk) 14:19, 15 April 2013 (UTC)

 * Ajnem was also given a warning on his talk page and he deleted any discussion of the topic so people would not know what he was doing wrong. He first tried to remove the whole word writer a year later after the consensus was reached to use the word writer then he tried to add author. We discussed at great detail last year about using author and he removed it repeatedly and in the process insulted me multiple times. Eelnire (talk) 14:27, 15 April 2013 (UTC)

 * Jack was a writer for the movie Scorpion and it is sourced. He is not the author of the movie. He has also authored multiple books. An author is a writer. The fact that he has written scripts for movies and wrote books makes him a writer. Ajnem can't seem to understand this.

The term writer is often used as a synonym of author, although the latter term has a somewhat broader meaning and is used to convey legal responsibility for a piece of writing, even if its composition is anonymous, unknown or collaborative. Eelnire (talk) 13:23, 16 April 2013 (UTC)

 * Definition of an author: the Writer of a literary work (as a book). Merriam-Webster Dictionary Eelnire (talk) 13:41, 16 April 2013 (UTC)

 * Definition of a writer: one that Writes. Merriam-Webster Dictionary
 * Definition of writes: to form or produce written letters, words, or sentences.
 * Definition of written: to set down in writing: as to be the author of : compose, to introduce (information) into the storage device or medium of a computer. Merriam-Webster Dictionary

As you can see, Ajnem, not only is Jack Abramoff a writer we are also both writers for the mear fact that we edited this Wikipedia page. Eelnire (talk) 14:17, 16 April 2013 (UTC)
 * No, Eelnire, I am not a writer and neither is Abramoff (see his biography on his website). As for you, I do not like your abusiveness, and I do not like your lies. Whether Abramoff is a "disgraced super-lobbyist, right-wing backer of African warlords, manipulator of Native American communities" or a former whatever is of no importance or interest. But he was and is a Republican activist, and heaven knows why you are deleting this. Eelnire, you obviously need help, but it is not in Wikipedia that you will get it. Ajnem (talk) 07:22, 22 April 2013 (UTC)
 * Not sure why you continue to harass/insult me Ajnem, you can catch more bee's with honey and if you want to challenge me on my intelligence you would most likely lose. I hold 2 Master's degrees and a PHD in science. You don't seem to understand logic or facts. You don't seem to understand that just because someone is a lobbyist means they take a political side. Lobbyist work for causes not political parties. That is why Jack was hired to work at one of the largest Democrat lobbyist firms in the country. You on the other hand apparently have MANY biases towards Republicans and Conservatives, to the point you want to make sure everyone knows Jack, who is a criminal, has the label Republican on his name. You are following the same game plan as the American media, expose the corrupt Republicans and label them that way and hide the corruption of the Democrats and sweep any stories that come out under the rug. A perfect example of the media covering up facts who be to look at the John Edwards case. We had to find out the truth from that story through the National Enquirer because the American so called Mainstream Media would not report on it. This man almost because Vice President of the United States and they merely ignored it. If you think I am hear to protect a fellow Republican you are wrong. I am very liberal and a registered Democrat and I am only hear to make sure the facts are published. To many radical liberals, like yourself, are giving the faithful Democrats a bad name. I suggest that if you want to publish your opinions you go to the Huffington Post. It is one of my favorite pages to read on a daily basis. Eelnire (talk) 17:10, 22 April 2013 (UTC)

Oh and I also like the way you deleted edits to you're own personal talk page to make sure people didn't know you are engaging in an editing war. Please don't delete the posts on this Talk page. I know you are tempted. Eelnire (talk) 17:10, 22 April 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Jack Abramoff. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20120112214530/http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/ap/politics/4110839.html to http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/ap/politics/4110839.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 03:36, 29 February 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Jack Abramoff. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive http://web.archive.org/web/20060822044246/http://www.commondreams.org:80/headlines05/1110-04.htm to http://www.commondreams.org/headlines05/1110-04.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 07:27, 21 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Jack Abramoff. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060309165646/http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=18&art_id=6701&sid=5674800&con_type=1 to http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=18&art_id=6701&sid=5674800&con_type=1

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 18:32, 16 April 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 6 external links on Jack Abramoff. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added tag to http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2006/0604.morris.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071223050324/http://talkingpointsmemo.com/docs/RMItravel.html to http://talkingpointsmemo.com/docs/RMItravel.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080923003425/http://tpmmuckraker.talkingpointsmemo.com/archives/001591.php to http://tpmmuckraker.talkingpointsmemo.com/archives/001591.php
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061010074735/http://www.commercialalert.org/news/archive/2006/01/primedia-employed-lobbyist-abramoff-for-channel-one to http://www.commercialalert.org/news/Archive/2006/01/primedia-employed-lobbyist-abramoff-for-channel-one
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060813154946/http://www.thinkprogress.org/abramoff to http://thinkprogress.org/abramoff/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121209083359/http://talkingpointsmemo.com/archives/007536.php to http://www.talkingpointsmemo.com/archives/007536.php
 * Added tag to http://www.mediatransparency.org/recipientprofile.php?recipientID=1385
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060824141115/http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2005/08/abramoff-will-plead-not-guilty-to.php to http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2005/08/abramoff-will-plead-not-guilty-to.php
 * Added tag to http://articles.cnn.com/2010-06-08/justice/jack.abramoff.released_1_ohio-republican-bob-ney-jack-abramoff-prison

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 23:52, 24 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 3 external links on Jack Abramoff. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060515074107/http://darfur.tribe.net/thread/21564b09-d585-4737-b286-dd27c986a7e9 to http://darfur.tribe.net/thread/21564b09-d585-4737-b286-dd27c986a7e9
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/01/04/politics/main1176617.shtml
 * Added tag to http://www.columbusdispatch.com/live/contentbe/dispatch/2006/01/04/20060104-A1-01.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120321003326/http://www.republicreport.org/author/jack-abramoff/ to http://www.republicreport.org/author/jack-abramoff/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 10:27, 10 September 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Jack Abramoff. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070930083404/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000087&sid=aDq6Gy_i0shA&refer=top_world_news to https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000087&sid=aDq6Gy_i0shA&refer=top_world_news

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 02:29, 19 November 2017 (UTC)

Converted to Orthodox Judaism?
The article (as currently written, 9/15/2006) says:

Abramoff has said that he converted to Orthodox Judaism at the age of 12 after seeing the film version of Fiddler on the Roof.

Is "converted to Orthodox Judaism" a direct quote from Abramoff? If so, I suppose it needs to stand as is. Otherwise, we need some rewording, because Abramoff was born Jewish, so his adoption of Orthodox Judaism does not constitute a conversion (as the word is universally used, at least). Toddcs (talk) 12:37, 15 September 2006 (UTC)

Well, it looks like this has now been fixed. Thanks. But why did the person who fixed it see fit to rewrite/obscure history by deleting my original request for adjustment?

Especially after I was so careful to write: "The article (as currently written, 9/15/2006) says: ...".

I have now restored just above my original request for adjustment. And noted that the issue has been fixed. Which is what the fixer should have done, instead of deleting the section from this Talk page. Toddcs (talk) 14:15, 21 January 2018 (UTC)

Time to graduate
I deleted the time it took him to graduate. My parents started at Brandeis in 1977 and finished in 1981. Abramoff was in their in-coming freshman handbook (1977) and in their graduation handbook (1981). So, unless there is a source that he took 6 years to graduate, lets give him credit for finishing in 4 years!

69.244.232.126 (talk)Daniel

Microsoft
There are references to him being hired by gates senior, but no description of the things, he may have lobbied for that benefited the Gates', this seems remiss. I'm a UK resident who remembers hearing he did lobby for thing that benefited Gates junior, but can't remember what they might have been. If anybody knows more it would be of public interest. 213.107.49.40 (talk) 23:35, 22 April 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jack Abramoff


text:
Hugues Panassié

Hugues Panassié (27 February 1912 in Paris – 8 December 1974 in Montauban) was a French critic, record producer, and impresario of traditional jazz.

Career
Panassié was born in Paris. When he was fourteen, he was stricken with polio, which limited his extracurricular physical activities. He took up the saxophone and fell in love with jazz in the late 1920s. Panassié was the founding president of the Hot Club de France in 1932. He produced recording sessions in New York featuring Mezz Mezzrow and Tommy Ladnier from November 1938 to January 1939.

During World War II, the Germans occupied the northern half of France beginning June 1940. The Nazis regarded jazz as low music — music from an inferior people. Jacques Demêtre, in the 2014 book by Steve Cushing, Pioneers of the Blues Revival, said that people had expected the Germans to ban jazz entirely. But instead, they only banned American jazz and American tunes. Demetre explained that many American standards were in French with alternate titles. Panassié, for example, managed to keep broadcasting American jazz on his radio station submitting to censors obtuse French translations of American song titles, and even relabeling records. Panassié's friend Mezz Mezzrow describes a particular example in his 1946 autobiography Really the Blues:

 * "[The Nazi censors] were shown a record labeled "La Tristesse de Saint Louis," which translates the "Sadness of Saint Louis," and Panassié offered the explanation that it was a sad song written about poor Louis the Ninth, lousy with that old French tradition. What Cerberus didn't know was that underneath the phony label was a genuine RCA Victor one giving Louis Armstrong as the recording artist and stating the real name of the number: "The Saint Louis Blues."

Selected controversies
In a changing world of jazz, Panassié was an ardent exponent of traditional jazz — strictly Dixieland. He harbored a particular love of style similar to that of Louis Armstrong from the 1930s. Panassié criticized West Coast jazz as inauthentic, partly because most musicians were white and also sounded white. In his book, The Real Jazz, Panassié ranked Benny Goodman as a detestable clarinetist whose sterile intonation was inferior to black players Jimmy Noone and Omer Simeon. Mezz Mezzrow became Panassié's lone example of a white musician who played jazz authentically. Panassié dismissed bebop as "a form of music distinct from jazz." "As an extremely gifted musician, Parker gradually gave up jazz in favor of bop …"

"He [Parker] could play fine jazz in his early days"

"A gifted musician [Miles Davis], but one who by now has entirely deviated from jazz to 'cool' music."

"It would be truer to say that he [Thelonious Monk] was an initiator of bop—for whereas his music harmonically resembles bop, rhythmically it is not. He is an eccentric musician who has strayed far from jazz, but has never completely turned his back on it as the bop players have."

- Guide to Jazz (1956)

In 1974, he accused Miles Davis, Archie Shepp, Pharoah Sanders, and others as being "traitors to the cause of true black music," that, according to Panassié, they claimed to support.

Some historians opine that Panassié hurt musicians by creating a wedge between blacks and whites by his insistence that black jazz was superior. Some authors ridicule his harsh attacks against more open jazz critics, who he characterized in his Bulletin du Hot Club de France as being full of "crass ignorance," "thick incompetence," and "triumphant stupidity." His ad hominem attacks included phrases that translate to "repugnant glavioteur," "formidable imbecile," and "donkey of the pen."

Political views
In addition to being a strong exponent of Dixieland jazz, and a harsh critic of jazz musicians who strayed from it, Panassié was a far-right monarchist who belonged to the anti-Semitic organisation Action Française and wrote a jazz column for the extreme-right magazine L'Insurgé.

Discography
In 1956, RCA Victor published an LP record, Guide to Jazz (LPM 1393), a compilation including 16 recordings by prominent jazz artists with liner notes by Panassiè.

Books
Books by Panassié
 * Le Jazz Hot (1934);
 * La musique de Jazz et le Swing (1943)
 * Les rois du Jazz (1944)
 * La véritable musique de Jazz (in French) (1946)
 * The Real Jazz (English editions)
 * English versions translated by Anne Sorelle Williams, adapted for American publication by Charles Edward Smith
 * 1st ed.(in English), Smith & Durrell, Inc., 5th printing (1946);
 * Rev. ed.(in English), A.S. Barnes (1950);
 * Rev. ed.(in English), A.S. Barnes (1960); ;.
 * Rev. ed.(in English), Jazz Book Club (1967);
 * Rev. ed.(in English), Greenwood Press (1971);
 * Rev. ed.(in English), Greenwood Press (1976);
 * Rev. ed.(in English), Gardners Books (2007);
 * Rev. ed.(in English), Greenwood Press (1976);
 * Rev. ed.(in English), Gardners Books (2007);

New ed.,Éditions Robert Laffont (1958); 1st ed.(in English), Houghton Mifflin (1956); 1st ed.(in English), Cassell (1956); 1st ed.(in French), Éditions Robert Laffont (1957); 1st ed.(in English), Jazz Book Club (1959); 1st ed.(in English; microfilm), The Riverside Press (1956); New ed.(in French), Éditions Albin Michel (1971); 1st ed.(in English), Greenwood Press (1973); ISBN 0837167663 New ed.(in French), Éditions Albin Michel (1980); 3rd ed.(in French), Éditions Albin Michel (1987);
 * Douze années de Jazz – Souvenirs (1946)
 * Jazz Panorama (1950)
 * Discographie critique des meilleurs disques de Jazz 1st ed.,Éditions Correa (fr) (1951);
 * Discographie critique des meilleurs disques de Jazz 1st ed.,Éditions Correa (fr) (1951);
 * Discographie critique des meilleurs disques de Jazz 1st ed.,Éditions Correa (fr) (1951);
 * Histoire du vrai Jazz, Éditions Robert Laffont (1959);
 * La bataille du Jazz, Éditions Albin Michel (1965);
 * Louis Armstrong, Nouvelles Editions Latines (fr) (1969);
 * Louis Armstrong, Scribners (1971) ISBN 8429733078
 * Louis Armstrong (The Roots of Jazz), Da Capo Press (1980) ISBN 0306796112
 * (1954 ed.); (1966 ed.);  (1971 ed.);  (1980 ed.); ISBN 2-2260-1028-9;.
 * ; ISBN 2-2340-0338-5.
 * Guide to Jazz & Dictionary of Jazz (English editions)
 * English versions by Desmond Flower (1907–1997), A.A. Gurwitch (1925–2013) (ed.)
 * Beginning with 1956 English versions, intro by intro by Louis Armstrong 1st ed.(in French), Éditions Robert Laffont (1954);

Family
Panassié spent five months in New York City in the company of Madeleine Gautier, his assistant. In 1949, they married, returned to France, and settled in Montauban at 65 Faubourg du Moustier.

title: Hugues Panassié


text:
Talk:The Way I Am (Knoc-turn'al album)

VfD
On April 23, 2005, this article was nominated for deletion. The result was keep redirect. See Votes for deletion/The Way I Am for a record of the discussion. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 22:29, 6 May 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Knoc3.jpg
Image:Knoc3.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 10:43, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Way I Am (Knoc-turn'al album)


text:
Lake Wingra

Lake Wingra is a small lake located inside the city limits of the U.S. city of Madison, Wisconsin. The smallest of the five major lakes drained by the Yahara River in Dane County, Lake Wingra is bordered by the University of Wisconsin–Madison Arboretum on the south and west and the City of Madison on the remaining shoreline. The lake is considered an important fishery and is known for spring runs of large muskellunge. Henry Vilas Zoo, Wingra Boats, Wingra Park, and Edgewood College are located on the Lake's northern shoreline. The majority of the shoreline is publicly owned.

History
Historically, Native Americans made extensive use of the lands surrounding Lake Wingra, which takes its name from the word for "duck" in the language of the Ho-Chunk Nation.

In the past, Lake Wingra was a very productive lake ecosystem with significant groundwater inputs. These inputs primarily took the form of surface springs and subsurface seepage, with drainage running through Wingra Creek to Lake Monona and the Yahara River, which is part of the Upper Rock River drainage, a tributary to the Mississippi River.

Over the past two hundred years, human use of the lake and its watershed have changed significantly. Only a fraction of the historical springs feeding the lake still remain and a much greater percentage of the lake's water budget comprises chemically, biologically and thermally polluted surface runoff. Lake Wingra, like other lakes in the Yahara chain (Mendota, Monona, Waubesa and Kegonsa), is severely stressed by a combination of toxic pollutants, such as mercury and PCBs, thermal pollution, sedimentation, exotic species (plant, animal and microbial), intense human recreational use and hyper-nutrification with nitrogen and phosphorus.

Stormwater management in the Lake Wingra basin was essentially ignored during the period of greatest development in the watershed. Storm drains ran directly to Lake Wingra and combined sewer issues resulted in discharges of zoo wastes into the Lake and Wingra Creek. This problem has been addressed successfully by the City of Madison. In other locations, stormwater is directed to holding and settling ponds which slow flows and trap pollutants before they move downstream to the lake itself. These ponds are contaminated with a variety of biological and chemical pollutants including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), heavy metals (e.g. Hg, Cd, Zn, Ni), and organic chemicals (phthalates, etc.). Restoration activities on the UW Arboretum will include removal of contaminated sediments from holding ponds which have not already been upgraded.

Efforts to restore Lake Wingra are taking place but so far, these have been small, mostly demonstration projects rather than a comprehensive basin-wide approach. The Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources is experimenting with removal of non-native carp in Lake Wingra during 2006/2007.

The USGS has a 2007 project (Project Number BQY31) located on the Edgewood College campus near the shore of Lake Wingra that tests the effectiveness of two rain gardens in containing water, with hopes this will lead to improved rain garden efficiency.

title: Lake Wingra


text:
Cornell University School of Hotel Administration

The Nolan School of Hotel Administration (SHA, more commonly known as the Hotel School) at Cornell University is a specialized business school in the SC Johnson College of Business at Cornell University, a private Ivy League university located in Ithaca, New York. Founded in 1922, it was the world's first four-year intercollegiate school devoted to hospitality management.

The undergraduate business curriculum at SHA is one of only three such Ivy League programs accredited by the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB). Students in the Hotel School are referred to as Hotelies. Participants come from all over the world to take classes at such locations as Ithaca, New York; Brussels, Belgium; Singapore; and site visits in Las Vegas and New York City.

History
The nature of SHA was in large part the creation of professor Howard B. Meek. He was supported in his efforts by New York City hotel men, a number of whom testified in Albany, urging the legislature to appropriate $11,000 per year for the school. Edward M. Tierney of the Ansonia Hotel stated "There is a dearth of competent hotel employes [sic], and such a course at Cornell would have the endorsement and co-operation of the hotel men generally throughout the country... The war brought a great change in the hotel worker, and the old-time attitude of servility has been replaced by efficient service giving and courtesy. Young men now enter the hotel business just as they would banking, railroad, or commercial life, to find a future in it, and the hotel man must offer the same attractions of commensurate pay and advancement."

In 1927, at the 2nd Annual Hotel Ezra Cornell, Meek convinced a skeptical Ellsworth Milton Statler of the value of the concept; Statler declared "I'm converted. Meek can have any damn thing he wants." Statler and his wife became major benefactors of the school, eventually donating a total of more than $10 million. In 1950, the school was transformed from being a part of, Cornell's School of Home Economics (now the School of Human Ecology), a statutory college, into becoming a separate, endowed unit of Cornell.

In 1948, the Statler Foundation funded the construction of a 50-room Statler Inn and the adjoining class-room building called Statler Hall. The building also housed Cornell's faculty club. The 750-seat Alice Statler Auditorium was added to the southern end in 1956. In 1986, the original Statler Inn was torn down and replaced with the current 150-room Statler Hotel & J. Willard Marriott Executive Education Center. The Statler Hotel underwent another renovation in 2006 and now has 153 guest rooms. The Statler Hotel is the only hotel on campus.

On January 28, 2016, the Cornell Board of Trustees authorized the design and implementation of a plan for a Cornell College of Business, comprising the university's three exceptional accredited business schools: the Nolan School of Hotel Administration (SHA), the Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management (Dyson), and the Samuel Curtis Johnson Graduate School of Management (Johnson). The new Cornell College of Business began enrollment in the fall of 2016.

Profile
The school enrolled 895 undergraduates and 67 graduate students in 2011, hailing from almost 50 countries; it is Cornell's second smallest undergraduate college. Its curriculum encompasses all facets of general business management with a focus on the hospitality industry. Although not required, many students choose to work at the Statler Hotel to supplement their education at the school. SHA employs 65 full-time faculty members, most with field management experience.

In 1954, Conrad Hilton, who was closely associated with the school after his company bought the Statler hotel chain, called it "the greatest hotel school in the world." Conrad Hilton later became more closely associated with another school after he founded the Hilton College of Hotel and Restaurant Management at the University of Houston in 1969.

SHA's course catalog includes several offerings for students in other Cornell colleges, notably HADM 4300, Introduction to Wines, a wine tasting course which enrolls 600–900 students each semester, as well as a 2-credit cooking course.

SHA also runs technical courses such as Real Estate Finance and Investments (HADM 4428), Securitization and Structured Finance (HADM 4425), and Investment Portfolio Analysis (HADM 4429). Roughly 40% of undergraduates go into banking or consulting fields after graduation.

In a 2007 Newsweek article dubbing Cornell the "Hottest Ivy", SHA was mentioned to be "considered the world's best." The School was ranked the No. 1 hospitality and hotel management school in the world for 2015 by CEOWORLD magazine.

Fictional Hotelies have included:

 * In Absurdistan by Gary Shteyngart, a hotel manager attended the Cornell University Nolan School of Hotel Administration
 * In Dirty Dancing, Neil graduated from Cornell's School of Hotel Management
 * In Hotel by Arthur Hailey, Peter McDermott, manager of the St. Gregory.
 * In 30 Rock, Tracy Jordan's friend, Fat Balls
 * In Veep, Gary Walsh says he graduated with a degree in Hotel Management from Cornell University.

Some notable alumni of the school include the founders of Alamo Rent-A-Car; Arby's; Burger King; Dunkin' Donuts; billionaire and philanthropist Chuck Feeney of Duty Free Shoppers Group ; Shake Shack ; HVS Global Hospitality Services; Lyft and PriceWaterhouseCoopers Global Hospitality Consulting. (For more, List of Cornell University alumni)

Statler Hotel
The full-service Statler Hotel has 153 guest rooms at the center of Cornell's campus. The hotel also serves as a primary teaching tool for the Nolan School of Hotel Administration. Each year more than 200 SHA students work alongside professionals in a range of hotel and restaurant operations.

In 2011, 2012, and 2013, the Statler Hotel was awarded a 4-diamond rating by AAA. In January, 2020, hotel executive Arthur Keith was named its new general manager.

The Leland C. and Mary M. Pillsbury Institute for Hospitality Entrepreneurship
The Leland C. and Mary M. Pillsbury Institute for Hospitality Entrepreneurship

Center for Hospitality Research
The Cornell Center for Hospitality Research (CHR) is a service of the Cornell University Nolan School of Hotel Administration for the hospitality industry. With the support of industry partners the center promotes, supports, and distributes hospitality research. Three series of center publications are posted at no charge on its site chr.cornell.edu. They are Cornell Hospitality Reports, Cornell Hospitality Tools, and Industry Perspectives. In addition, the center is the publisher of the Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, now entering its sixth decade of publication, which is available by subscription only. The center's research agenda promotes studies that have direct implications for improving hospitality operations, but must be based on solid theoretical and procedural principles. The free reports and tools are more practitioner oriented, while the award-winning Quarterly includes more of the theory and educational content appropriate for students and academics. The center also produces a series of industry roundtables and participates in high level industry conferences to share research findings.

Publications
Cornell Hospitality Reports  shares the knowledge created by center fellows and other researchers.

Cornell Hospitality Tools  - web-based interactive tools for the hospitality industry.

Cornell Hospitality Quarterly  - a leading academic journal for the hospitality industry.

Industry Perspective: A White Paper Series from Cornell  - provide insight from hospitality industry leaders on the issues that matter most to senior executives and hospitality practitioners.

Hospitality Roundtable Proceedings  - offer a thorough report on roundtable's deliberations.

Best Practices  - identified and recognized Best Practive Champions across all segments of the U.S. lodging industry.