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Sedbergh School

Sedbergh School is a public school (English private boarding and day school) in the town of Sedbergh in Cumbria, North West England. It comprises a junior school for pupils aged 4 to 13 and the main school for 13 to 18 year olds. It was established in 1525.

History

Roger Lupton was born at Cautley in the parish of Sedbergh, Yorkshire, in 1456 and he provided for a Chantry School in Sedbergh in 1525 while he was Provost of Eton. By 1528, land had been bought, a school built, probably on the site of the present school library, and the foundation deed had been signed. Lupton's subsequent donations to the school's Sedbergh scholars of numerous scholarships and fellowships to St John's College, Cambridge succeeded in binding the school to St John's, and gave the Cambridge college power over the appointment of Sedbergh's Headmasters. Lupton's statutes state that if any of the last four of the St John's College scholarships are left vacant for a year, unless for a reason approved by the provost and fellows of King's College Cambridge, the lands are to revert to Lupton's next of kin. Lupton added that he was certain that St John's would not be found negligent in so pious a work. It was this link to St John's that probably saved Sedbergh in 1546–48 when most chantries were dissolved and their assets seized by Henry VIII's Commission.

Sedbergh was re-established and re-endowed as a grammar school in 1551 and the fortunes of the school in the coming centuries seem to have depended very much on the character and abilities of the headmasters with pupil numbers fluctuating and reaching as low a total as 8 day boys in the early 19th century.

One particularly successful period was during the Headship of John Harrison Evans (1838–61) who restored the prestige and achievements of the school and also funded the building of the Market Hall and Reading Room in the town. By 1857, the fellowships and scholarships which, since Lupton's time, had formed this link between the Sedbergh scholars and St John's College, ceased to be specially connected with Sedbergh. By 1860, the Lupton scholarships were combined and re-arranged under the name of the Lupton and Hebblethwaite Exhibitions.

A more independent Governing Body was established in 1874 in a successful bid to maintain Sedbergh's independence (amalgamation with Giggleswick had been suggested) and the first meeting took place in the Bull Inn in Sedbergh in December.

In the 1870s there was a tremendous amount of development and building work at Sedbergh, under the careful eye of the headmaster, Frederick Heppenstall. This included the Headmaster's House (now School House), classrooms, a chapel and four other boarding houses.

Henry George Hart took over as headmaster in 1880 and his tenure saw a new chapel built in 1897, the founding of the Old Sedberghian Club in 1897/98, the creation of the prefectorial system, the inaugural Wilson run and the confirmation of the school motto "Dura Virum Nutrix" (Stern Nurse of Men).

In 1989 the number of boys in the school exceeded 500 for the first time, during the headship of Dr R G Baxter. Two years later a new coat of arms was granted to the school and it was visited by the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh.

In 2005 the school was one of fifty of the country's leading independent schools which were found guilty of running an illegal price-fixing cartel which had allowed them to drive up fees for thousands of parents. Each school was required to pay a nominal penalty of £10,000 and all agreed to make ex-gratia payments totalling £3 million into a trust designed to benefit pupils who attended the schools during the period in respect of which fee information was shared.

The governing body decided to open the school to girls in 1999 and the first girls were admitted in 2001. While the pupils are still predominantly boys, the number of girls attending has increased dramatically since the move into coeducation. The previous headmaster, Christopher Hirst, brought in the change to co-educational schooling from single-sex."

In January 2009 the Junior School moved from Bentham to join the senior school in Sedbergh. The Junior School has accommodation for both day and boarding boys and girls aged 3–13. On 26 February 2013, it was announced that the school would merge with Casterton School.

Despite its long history, The Good Schools Guide notes how “Sedbergh has faced up to the demands of the 21st century but managed to retain traditional values and ethos. Its increasing numbers indicate parents very much approve. It rightly retains its formidable reputation on the sports field but away from it, provides a happy and caring environment for all its pupils regardless of ability or sports prowess.”

Junior School
The junior school was opened in 2002. It was previously located on the site of the former Bentham Grammar School after it was closed and Sedbergh took over its premises. In 2009 it moved to a site next to the main school. The school relocated again in September 2013 to the site of the former Casterton School for girls and is now known as Casterton, Sedbergh Preparatory School. Casterton was absorbed into Sedbergh, with senior girls transferring to the main school and junior pupils remaining at the Casterton campus. Boarding is offered to Junior School pupils aged 8 and above.

Rong Qiao Sedbergh School
Opened in 2018, Sedburgh's international school, Rong Qiao Sedbergh School is located in Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China. It is a partnership between Sedbergh School and the Rong Qiao Group. Offering education for children from the ages of 3 to 18, its ethos draws on both English and Chinese teaching practice. 10% of students are international students, and 90% are Chinese nationals.

House system
Like most traditional public schools, the house system is incorporated with the boarding programme and most pupils are boarders. Most pupils at Sedbergh live in a boarding house, of which there are nine (six for boys, three for girls) chosen when applying to the school. It is here that he or she both sleeps and takes their daily meals. Day pupils are fully integrated into the programme and participate in activities. Houses compete amongst one another in school competitions such as debating, academic challenge (a University Challenge-style quiz) and 'House Unison' (a traditional singing competition), and in particular in sporting competitions, for example the seriously contested Senior Seniors (Inter-House rugby) and the Wilson Run. Houses are named mostly after illustrious Old Sedberghians or Headmasters.

Each house also has a set of house colours, which adorns the blazers of boys and girls in fifth form and below as well as on various house sports clothing. Pupils who throughout their school career demonstrate great service to their house are awarded their house colours by their Housemaster/ mistress. Sedberghians take immense pride in being awarded house colours which take the form of a scarf and a tie in the colours of their house.

The boarding houses also each have their own house magazine, named after the emblem of the house (for example, the magazine of Hart House is called The Jay), written and edited by the pupils within the house.

Sedbergh Junior School, now Casterton, Sedbergh Preparatory School, located in Casterton, near Kirkby Lonsdale, also has Cressbrook House for boarding boys and Beale for boarding girls.

Junior houses

 * Cressbrook House (boys)
 * Beale House (girls)
 * Thornfield House (Senior prep school girls)

Clubs and societies
Sedbergh offers outdoor pursuits as well as academic societies, including 'The Headmaster's Society' which is for Academic Scholars in the Sixth Form and chaired by the Headmaster. It is a forum for debate and discussion of major topical issues based upon papers delivered by the pupils and it also hosts talks given by intellectuals and public figures. The junior academic society is known as the 'Phoenix Society'.

Sedbergh's other academic club is the Dinner Debating Society which meets twice termly for black-tie 'dinner debates' hosted by Housemasters.

Sedbergh's has an Outdoor Pursuits Club. Activities organised in the local area by the club include climbing, gill scrambling and pot-holing as well as mountain biking and fell walking.

Sport
Sedbergh has a sporting tradition. Many Old Sedberghians have national caps and international tournament experience or have represented the school at county or national level.

Sedbergh is renowned for producing rugby football players, including the England captains Wavell Wakefield, John Spencer and Will Carling, and the world cup winner Will Greenwood. Sedbergh is represented in the Rugby Union Guinness Premiership at the time of writing by seven players at first or second team level in four different clubs. In November 2010 the school rugby team was named "School Team of the Year" at the Aviva Daily Telegraph School Sport Matters Awards after going the entire previous season undefeated.

The school has hosted Cumberland and Minor Counties cricket matches on several occasions. In 2019, Lancashire County Cricket Club played their County Championship match against Durham at Sedbergh School. They also faced Essex there in 2023.

Anti-Assassins Rugby Club
The Anti-Assassins Rugby Club (A-As) was founded in 1950 when Sedbergh Old Boys were invited to pick a Northern team to play against the masters and Old Boys (The Assassins) of Sedbergh School. Now this invitational team plays as SpoonAAs (Spoon Anti-Assassins) as it raises funds for the Wooden Spoon charity.

Traditions
As with many English public schools, Sedbergh has developed its own traditions unique to the school.

Wilson Run
One of the unique school traditions is the Wilson Run, also known as the "Ten Mile" or "The Ten"; it is named after Bernard Wilson (the first housemaster of Sedgwick House). The race distance is just over 10 miles (10 miles 385 yards), about 7 miles of which crosses the surrounding fells with the rest going along roads. Pupils must qualify to take part in the race over an 11-mile training route which covers most of the race route. The race is one of the longest, hardest and most gruelling school runs in the country and has been a tradition for well over 100 years. The run has been cancelled only three times, owing to epidemic (1936), snow (1947) and the foot and mouth epidemic.

School song
Winder is the school song for Sedbergh School, named after the fell that dominates the northern skyline of the school. The hill is a gateway to the Howgill Fells and school tradition dictates that pupils must climb it at least once during their time at Sedbergh.

The song is sung at all major school events such as the Wilson Run.

Chapel

This was built in Perpendicular style in 1895–97, and was designed by the Lancaster architects Austin and Paley.

Chapel organ
The school took delivery of a custom built, four manual organ console in November 2015, which replaced an organ that was acquired from the Church of St. Mary Magdalene, Hucknall. This two manual instrument had been built by Nigel Church and moved to the school by David Wells in 1994. The instrument can now be found in a church in Lincolnshire.

War cloisters
The cloisters at Sedbergh are a monument to old boys and masters of the school killed during the Great War and the Second World War. The cloisters were dedicated in 1924 and then re-dedicated after the Second World War. The cloisters were restored and partially rebuilt in 2005 and on Remembrance Day again re-dedicated after an appeal had raised over £130,000 for the necessary work.

The school also has a separate memorial for Old Sedberghians awarded the Victoria Cross, of which there are four. Brigadier Jock Campbell who won the Military Cross in the First World War and the Victoria Cross at the battle of Sidi Rezegh in the Second and was a member of Evans House. Three of the Old Sedberghian winners of the Victoria Cross were Old Sedgwickians, RJT Digby-Jones at Wagon Hill in 1900 in the Boer War, George Ward Gunn at Sidi Rezegh in 1941 and Kenneth Campbell over Brest Harbour, also in 1941.

Four Battle of Britain pilots attended the school. Pilot Officer Desmond Kay DFC & Bar, Pilot Officer Noel Benson were killed during the war, but Flt Lt Kenneth Stoddart AE, and Flying Officer Alec Worthington survived.

Headmasters
• 1525-1543 Henry Blomeyr

• 1544-1570 Robert Hebblethwaite

• 1585-1623 John Mayer (O.S.)

• 1623-1646 Gilbert Nelson

• 1646-1648 Richard Garthwayte (O.S.) (a.i.)

• 1648-1656 Richard Jackson

• 1657-1662 James Buchanan

• 1662-1674 Edward Fell (O.S.)

• 1674-1706 Posthumus Wharton

• 1706-1709 Thomas Dwyer

• 1709-1741 Dr. Samuel Saunders

• 1742-1746 William Broxholme

• 1746-1782 Wynne Batemen (O.S.)

• 1782-1799 Christopher Hull (O.S.)

• 1799-1819 William Stevens

• 1819-1838 Henry Wilkinson

• 1838 Hartley Coleridge (a.i.)

• 1838-1861 Rev. John Harrison Evans

• 1861-1874 Henry George Day

• 1875-1879 Rev. Frederick H. Heppenstall

• 1880-1900 Henry George Hart

• 1900-1907 Charles Lowry

• 1907-1912 Frederic Blagden Malim

• 1912-1926 William Nassau Weech

• 1927-1936 G. B. Smith

• 1937-1954 John Harold Bruce-Lockhart (O.S.)

• 1954-1975 Gervase Michael Cobham Thornely

• 1975-1982 Peter J. Attenborough

• 1982-1995 Roger George Baxter

• 1995-2010 Christopher Halliwell Hirst

• 2010-2018 Andrew P. Fleck

• 2018- Daniel J. Harrison

Military

 * Major General Henry Templer Alexander CB CBE DSO, Army Commander
 * Lt-Colonel John William Balfour Paul, DSO, Scottish Officer of Arms
 * Percy Bentley, one of four soldiers to be awarded the Military Cross four times
 * Major General "Jock" Campbell VC DSO and Bar MC, a commander of the 7th Armoured Division and recipient of the Victoria Cross
 * Flying Officer Kenneth Campbell VC, Royal Air Force pilot and recipient of the Victoria Cross
 * General Sir Robert Archibald Cassels, GCB GCSI DSO, Indian Army officer
 * Colonel Freddie Spencer Chapman DSO and Bar ED, naturalist, mountaineer, explorer, war hero
 * Group Captain Walter Myers Churchill DSO DFC, Royal Air Force, Second World War
 * Air Commodore Duncan le Geyt Pitcher CMG, CBE, DSO, RAF, Army and Royal Air Force
 * Lieutenant Robert James Thomas Digby-Jones VC, Royal Engineers Officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross
 * Lieutenant-General Sir Andrew Richard Gregory KBE CB, British Army officer
 * Second Lieutenant George Ward Gunn VC MC, Royal Horse Artillery Officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross
 * Major David F. O. Russell MC FRSE, 20th century businessman, philanthropist and noted war hero
 * Major-General Jonathan David Shaw CB CBE, British Army officer and Assistant Chief of Defence Staff
 * Admiral Sir Jock Slater GCB LVO DL, First Sea Lord and Chief of Naval Staff
 * General Sir John Stuart Mackenzie Shea GCB KCMG DSO, British Army officer
 * Wing Commander Sir Kenneth Stoddart KCVO KStJ AE JP LLD, Battle of Britain pilot
 * Major General Michael Walsh CB DSO, British Army Officer and Chief Scout

Politics and law

 * William George Ainslie, ironmaster and MP for North Lonsdale 1885–1892
 * Glencairn Balfour Paul CMG, British Ambassador to Iraq, Jordan and Tunisia
 * Thomas Bingham, Baron Bingham of Cornhill, Senior Law Lord, former Master of the Rolls and Lord Chief Justice
 * Brendan Bracken, 1st Viscount Bracken, Politician, businessman and associate of Winston Churchill.
 * Sandy Bruce-Lockhart, Baron Bruce-Lockhart, OBE, Chairman of the Local Government Association
 * Bill Carritt, Communist revolutionary, Carritt family member, college lecturer, humanitarian aid organiser, campaigner for the Scottsboro Boys
 * Noel Carritt, Communist revolutionary, Carritt family member, International Brigadier, head of biology at Dr Challoner's Grammar School
 * Michael Carritt, Communist revolutionary, Carritt family member, anti-colonial spy, expert on Indian politics, philosophy lecturer at Oxford University
 * Sir John Seton Cassels, English civil servant and educationalist
 * Sir Alan Chambré, English judge
 * Sir Hugh Cortazzi, Author, diplomat and prominent Japanologist
 * Sir Maurice Dorman, Governor-General of Sierra Leone and Colonial Governor of Malta
 * Richard Bostock Dorman CBE, Diplomat and High Commissioner
 * Professor Sir David Alexander Ogilvy Edward, Scottish lawyer and academic, and former Judge of the Court of Justice of the European Communities
 * Edward John Eyre, Explorer and Governor of Jamaica.
 * Sir Russell Fairgrieve, politician
 * Sir John Archibald Ford, British Ambassador to Indonesia
 * Sir Michael Bowen Hanley KCB, Head of MI5
 * Baron Haskel of Higher Broughton, Labour Party politician
 * Laurence Helsby, Baron Helsby, Head of British Civil Service
 * H. Montgomery Hyde, author and politician
 * John Lowther, 1st Viscount Lonsdale, First Lord of the Treasury and Lord Privy Seal
 * James Lupton, Baron Lupton, Conservative peer
 * Count Andrew McMillan, Baron of Cleghorn, philanthropist
 * James MacColl, politician
 * Sir Richard McCombe, Lord Justice of Appeal
 * Brian McConnell, Baron McConnell, Northern Ireland politician and member of the House of Lords
 * Stephen O'Brien, Conservative Party Member of Parliament
 * Sir John Otway, Lawyer and Royalist
 * Joseph Anthony Peacocke, Inspector-General of the Royal Ulster Constabulary
 * Charles Peat, Politician and Principal Private Secretary to Winston Churchill
 * Sir Francis Powell, 1st Baronet, Conservative Party Member of Parliament
 * Sir Robert Rhodes James, politician and author
 * Arthur Ridehalgh, Attorney General of Hong Kong
 * James Hugh Robertson, Political and economic thinker and activist
 * Robert Rowland, Member European Parliament South East England The Brexit Party
 * Sir Michael Alexander Geddes Sachs, First English solicitor appointed as a High Court judge
 * Sir Giles Shaw, Politician. wrote his memoir, 'In the Long Run' published by the Memoir Club
 * Michael Shaw, Baron Shaw of Northstead, Politician
 * Norman Lockhart Smith, Acting Administrator of Hong Kong
 * Sir Thomas Broun Smith (1915–1988), QC FBA FRSE etc, Scots jurist and Professor of Law
 * Joseph Stanley Snowden, British Liberal Party politician and barrister
 * John Studholme, British pioneer of New Zealand, farmer and politician
 * David Waddington, Baron Waddington, British Home Secretary, Lord Privy Seal, Leader of the House of Lords, Governor of Bermuda.
 * Robert Warnock, Circuit judge
 * David Wood, Circuit judge

Business

 * Montague Ainslie, Forester and businessman
 * Kenny Hirst-Sewell, Academic Sporting Legend, Managing Director of Taylor Maxwell
 * Adam Applegarth, Ex-CEO of Northern Rock bank
 * Philip Hedley Bowcock, CEO of William Hill Plc
 * Christian Bjelland, Norwegian businessman and chairman of the National Gallery of Norway
 * Sir Christopher Bland, Chairman of B.T. Group, businessman and former Chairman of the BBC
 * John Charlesworth Dodgson-Charlesworth, Colliery owner and M.P.
 * Sir Roger Gifford, Banker, Alderman and Lord Mayor of London
 * Sir Mark Hudson, Former Chairman of the Council of the Duchy of Lancaster
 * James Lupton, Lord Lupton of Lovington, Banker, Trustee of the British Museum
 * Sir (John) Hubert Worthington, English architect

The arts, literature and humanities

 * John Arden, dramatist
 * Greig Barr, Fellow and Rector of Exeter College, Oxford
 * Sir John Christopher Malcolm Baynes, 7th Bt., author
 * Simon Beaufoy, Screenwriter and 2009 Oscar winner for Slumdog Millionaire. Wrote The Full Monty.
 * Leonard Boden, Scottish portrait painter
 * Timothy Birdsall, Cartoonist
 * Colin Blakely, British character actor
 * JB Blanc, British film actor
 * Peter Chippindale, Journalist and author
 * William George Clark, English classical and Shakespearean scholar
 * Henry Wilkinson Cookson, Master of Peterhouse, Cambridge, and five times Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge
 * William Craven, Master of St. John's College, Cambridge, and Vice-Chancellor of Cambridge
 * Ernest Crawley, English schoolmaster, sexologist, anthropologist, sports journalist and exponent of ball games
 * Hugh I'Anson Fausset, Literary critic, biographer, poet and religious writer
 * Arthur Foxton Ferguson, English baritone, lecturer and German translator
 * Assheton Gorton, Production designer and Academy Award nominee
 * Mark Herman, film director and screenwriter
 * Tim Kevan, English writer and barrister
 * Francis Llewellyn Griffith, British Egyptologist
 * Rab Bruce Lockhart, Scottish educationist and rugby union player
 * Dugald Bruce Lockhart, actor
 * Phillip Mason, author
 * Alan Macfarlane, Professor Emeritus of Anthropology, King's College, Cambridge
 * Colin Matthew, historian and the first editor of the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
 * Fergus McDonell, film editor and director
 * Jim Muir, BBC Middle East correspondent
 * Nigel D. Oram, public servant, military officer and anthropologist
 * Barry Pain, journalist, poet and writer
 * George Edwards Peacock, eminent Australian colonial artist
 * Adam Rickitt, actor, singer, model and one time Conservative parliamentary candidate
 * F. A. Ridley, historian and Marxist
 * Simon Slater, musician and TV and film actor
 * Richard Smyth, English school headmaster and cricketer.
 * Sir Archibald Strong, Australian scholar and poet
 * Richard Suart, Opera singer and actor
 * Edward Tatham, Rector of Lincoln College, Oxford
 * Mark Umbers, actor - theatre and film
 * Adrian Gibson, musician (trumpet), theatre shows (Jackson 5, Jimmy Osmond,) various TV and Radio appearances
 * Roger Vignoles, piano accompanist
 * James Walker né Chalton, member of the Royal Shakespeare Company and screen actor
 * John Dawson Watson, British painter and illustrator
 * James Wilby, actor
 * Thomas Wilson, English cleric and eminent headmaster
 * William John Woodhouse, classical scholar and author
 * Tyson Yoshi, a Hong Kong singer

A former teacher at the school was Henry Watson Fowler, the writer of A Dictionary of Modern English Usage

Science and exploration

 * Peter Addyman, British archaeologist
 * Wilfred Eade Agar, Anglo-Australian zoologist
 * Anthony Askew, Physician and book collector
 * Peter Barwick, English physician and author
 * George Birkbeck, doctor, academic, philanthropist and early pioneer in adult education
 * Christopher Chippindale, Stonehenge archaeologist
 * John Cranke, mathematician and mentor
 * John Dawson, surgeon and mathematician
 * G. M. B. Dobson, Fellow of the Royal Society and President of the Royal Meteorological Society
 * Anthony Fothergill, Physician
 * John Fothergill, Physician, plant collector, philanthropist
 * Thomas Garnett, English physician and natural philosopher
 * Thomas Gaskin, Clergyman and academic, now known for contributions to mathematics
 * John Hammersley, British mathematician
 * John Haygarth, physician who discovered the benefits of segregating/quarantining sick patients
 * John Hymers, English mathematician, Fellow of the Royal Society and founder of Hymers College
 * John Walter Guerrier Lund, CBE FRS, English psychologist
 * Sir Roderick McQuhae Mackenzie of Scatwell, 12th Bt., Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians
 * Dr Digby McLaren, Geologist and palaeontologist
 * Edward Max Nicholson, Founder of the World Wildlife Fund
 * George Peacock, English mathematician
 * Sir Isaac Pennington, Physician
 * James Hogarth Pringle, Pioneer in surgical practice
 * Adam Sedgwick, Founder of modern geology
 * Edmund Sharpe, Architect and engineer
 * George Sherriff OBE, Scottish explorer and plant collector
 * Robert Swan OBE, Polar explorer: the first man in history to walk to both the North and South Poles
 * Roger Cuthbert Wakefield, Surveyor
 * Robert Willan, the father of modern dermatology
 * Mark Alexander Wynter-Blyth, Lepidopterist and schoolmaster
 * Professor Ian Young OBE, Engineering innovator in medicine

Sport

 * David Barnes, Chairman of the Professional Rugby Players' Association
 * Mike Biggar, Scotland rugby union player
 * James Botham, Wales rugby union player
 * Harry Brook, England cricketer - won the 2022 T20 World Cup.
 * John Bruce Lockhart, Scottish cricketer and schoolmaster
 * Logie Bruce Lockhart, Scotland rugby union player and headmaster of Gresham's School
 * Will Carling OBE, England rugby union captain
 * Jordan Clark, Professional cricketer - fifth ever to score six sixes in an over
 * Harold Cox, cricketer
 * Simon Cross rugby union
 * Arthur Dorward, Scotland rugby union captain
 * Ewan Dowes rugby league
 * Phil Dowson England rugby union player
 * Rob Elloway, German rugby union international
 * Carl Fearns, rugby union
 * Tomas Francis, Wales rugby union international
 * Mahika Gaur, England cricket international
 * Will Greenwood MBE, England rugby union player
 * Jamie Harrison, cricketer
 * George Hill, Yorkshire County Cricket Club Cricketer
 * Peter Kininmonth, Scotland rugby union captain
 * Mike McCarthy Ireland rugby union international
 * Mandy Mitchell-Innes, England cricketer
 * James Park-Johnson, first-class cricketer
 * Cameron Redpath, Scotland international rugby union player
 * Matt Revis, England County Cricketer
 * Bevan Rodd, England Rugby Union player
 * James Rogers, first-class cricketer
 * Chris Sanders, first-class cricketer
 * Roger Sangwin, England Rugby player
 * Archie Scott, Scottish first-class cricketer; oldest ever living Scottish first-class cricketer
 * James Simpson-Daniel England rugby union player
 * Robert Skene, first-class cricketer
 * John Spencer, England rugby union captain
 * David Tait, rugby union
 * Freddie Tait, golfer
 * Wavell Wakefield, 1st Baron Wakefield of Kendal England rugby union captain
 * Abbie Ward née Scott, England rugby union player
 * James Walkinshaw, Scotland Touch World Cup 2019 & Euro 2023

Religion

 * Nicholas John Willoughby Barker, British Anglican priest
 * John Barwick, Royalist churchman and Dean of St. Paul's Cathedral
 * Francis Blackburne, Archdeacon
 * Henry Lowther Clarke, first Archbishop of Melbourne
 * Ingram Cleasby, Dean of Chester
 * John Duckett, Catholic priest and martyr
 * Sir George Fleming, Bishop of Carlisle
 * Walker King, Bishop of Rochester
 * Thomas Kipling, Early churchman and academic
 * Christopher Charles Luxmoore, Bishop of Bermuda
 * William Stuart MacPherson, Dean of Lichfield
 * Christopher John Mayfield, Bishop of Wolverhampton and Bishop of Manchester
 * Arnold Mathew, founder and first bishop of the Old Roman Catholic Church in the United Kingdom
 * Rt. Rev. Thomas Otway, Seventeenth century Anglican bishop in Ireland
 * Richard Parkinson, Canon of Manchester Cathedral, college principal, theologian and antiquarian
 * Michael Peck, Dean of Lincoln
 * Reginald Richard Roseveare, Anglican bishop
 * James Wilson, Theologian and astronomer
 * Tom Wright, Bishop of Durham and a leading British New Testament scholar.

title: Sedbergh School


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Talk:Mars Automatic Pistol

Tambien se habla de este arma en la novela de Ken Follet, la caída de los gigantes página 872. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.116.102.209 (talk) 11:27, 19 August 2022 (UTC)

VfD discussion archive
Votes for deletion/Mars revolver

Mars revolver
Note 4 talks about a "Mars revolver", as does the VfD; I thought that the Mars range of pistols were all semi-automatic single-chamber weapons. If there were also revolvers using the Mars name, shouldn't the article say something about them, or at least link to a relevant page?

-- Chris  ( blather  •  contribs )  20:15, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

 * "Mars revolver" article was subject of a deletion/move to Mars Automatic Pistol on April 1 2005. Right off the bat, I would say the confusion was the generic tendancy of non-technical people to use "revolver" and "pistol" interchangably for "handgun" (in a similar confusion, for civilians "automatic" is a synonym for "semi-automatic" but in military/police use "automatic" means "full auto" machinegun except for the Mars Automatics, the Colt Automatics and a few others). Or it could have been an April Fool prank.

 * Bergmann made a semi-auto pistol called 'Mars' 1907-1918, and there was a Czech .25 Browning-clone called the 'Mars', none of which are connected to the Gabbett-Fairfax Mars. Mars as god of war is a name that may have been used by makers as well. 67.232.92.77 (talk) 21:24, 9 January 2010 (UTC)

Image request
I've submitted a permission request for an image for this article. Hopefully I'll hear more soon. The image I'm after can be found on this website. Kartano (talk) 04:42, 27 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Done - I've received the author's permission today and uploaded the file. Permission email forwarded to permissions-en.  Kartano (talk) 23:45, 27 January 2010 (UTC)

Recoil
Warning: "Original Research" follows! A muzzle energy of 1000 J is still considered excessive, even by today's standards. It's rather close to the original spec of the 10 mm Auto, which in its time was routinely rejected by police agencies for its unpleasantness. Now there are many recreational shooters and hunters who don't mind even much heavier loads, but considering the distance from the axis of the barrel to the back of the handgrip (where the web of the thumb sits), and comparing this measurement with that in a modern handgun, gives the impression, that muzzle flip must have been very pronounced, and even today very few would enjoy regularly shooting this abomination. Just my two cents. --BjKa (talk) 13:09, 8 December 2018 (UTC)

Improvements
The article could be improved by some important information. Unfortunately I don't have the means to verify these facts: claimed by Ian "Forgotten Weapons" McCollum on youtube. --BjKa (talk) 14:37, 8 December 2018 (UTC)
 * A total of around 80 guns were made
 * There never was a mass production, all guns were hand made
 * All have slight differences to each other. With parts being hand fitted and every incarnation being slightly redesigned it is highly unlikely that any parts from two guns are interchangeable
 * None of the known examples has been proofmarked
 * Most likely not a single gun was sold commercially

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Mars Automatic Pistol


text:
User talk:Labeaux

Labeaux is a strange person who lives in a strange land.

The older he becomes, the fewer beliefs he has, but they have become stronger beliefs.

Here are a few. All people should be free. Free to speak. Free to choose their own path.

All people should be respectful of others.

All people should be responsible for their actions.

We are here on this earth to make the lives of others better.

Speedy deletion of Philip G. Hubbard
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However, for textual content, you may simply consider rewriting the content in your own words. Thank you. labeaux (talk) 20:42, 7 April 2009 (UTC)

If the external website belongs to you, and you want to allow Wikipedia to use the text — which means allowing other people to modify it — then you must verify that externally by one of the processes explained at Donating copyrighted materials. If you are not the owner of the external website but have permission from that owner, see Requesting copyright permission. You might want to look at Wikipedia's policies and guidelines for more details, or ask a question here.

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April 2009
Welcome to Wikipedia. It might not have been your intention, but you removed a speedy deletion tag from a page you have created yourself. If you do not believe the page should be deleted, you can place a tag on the page, under the existing speedy deletion tag (please do not remove the speedy deletion tag), and make your case on the page's. Administrators will look at your reasoning before deciding what to do with the page. Megaman en m (talk) 20:29, 7 April 2009 (UTC)

april 7, 2009
Have sent "Requests for permission to publish" to the University of Iowa Library.

My first post, just learning, thanks for your help.

title: User talk:Labeaux


text:
Iakovos

Iakovos is a transliteration of the Greek name Ἰάκωβος, which in an English form is Jacob or James. Notable people with the name include:

 * Archbishop Iakovos of America (1911–2005), Primate of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America
 * Iakovos Garmatis (1928–2017), Metropolitan of Chicago under the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
 * Iakovos Kambanellis (1921–2011), Greek poet and writer
 * Iakovos Kolanian (born 1960), Armenian-Greek classical guitarist
 * Iakovos Milentigievits (born 1997), Greek basketball player
 * Iakovos Nafpliotis (1864–1942), Archon Protopsaltis of the Holy and Great Church of Christ in Constantinople
 * Iakovos Psaltis (born 1935), Greek weightlifter
 * Iakovos Rizos (1849–1926), Greek painter
 * Iakovos Theofilas (1861–unknown), Greek sports shooter
 * Iakovos Tombazis (c. 1782–1829), Greek ship-owner and Admiral of the Greek Navy
 * Iakovos Trivolis (died 1547), Greek Renaissance humanist and writer
 * Iakovos "Jake" Tsakalidis (born 1979), Georgian-born Greek basketball player

title: Iakovos


text:
Mega (Chilean TV network)

Mega is a Chilean free-to-air television network owned by Mega Media, a Bethia holding company. It began its transmissions on 23 October 1990 as the first private television network in the country on channel 9 in Santiago, replacing Señal 2 of Televisión Nacional de Chile. The station is a member of the Asociación Nacional de Televisión and Organización de Telecomunicaciónes de Iberoamérica, and is part of the Alianza Informativa Latinoamericana

Early years (1990–1992)
The channel began a sort of prelaunch on the night of 23 October 1990, first broadcasting a preview of its programming and then the movie Oliver. Meanwhile, in the courtyards of the channel, the new studios were inaugurated located in the old Cristalerías Chile factory, on Av. Vicuña Mackenna with the presence of President Patricio Aylwin and the owner of the channel, Ricardo Claro.

Its official broadcasts began with coverage only for the Metropolitan Region and Valparaíso at 1:00 p.m. the following day, with the First Edition of Meganoticias hosted by a journalist Susana Horno from the newsroom.

After its premiere, the channel had an initial period of low audiences. The panorama began to change due to a radical programmatic change thanks to the premiere of telenovelas produced by Televisa, which it broadcast constantly until 2016. Likewise, it acquired the broadcast rights of the Chilean National Tournament, the Copa Libertadores de América and the Copa América.

During the first half of the decade, Megavisión expanded its coverage. In the first half of 1991, the signal was extended to Talca, Chillán, Concepción, Temuco and Punta Arenas; at the end of the year, it reached a reception of more than 85% of the Chilean territory.

The mid-90s (1993–1999)
In 1991, Televisa kept 49% of the channel. With this, the development of co-productions was announced, such as the program Siempre en Domingo with Raúl Velasco from Santiago de Chile, as well as La Movida by Verónica Castro; however, Televisa's participation dropped to 33% in 1997, and in 1999 ownership of the channel would return entirely to Grupo Claro.

In March 1992, the programs Happening with ja, Good Afternoon, Eli with Eliana de Caso, and Accompáñeme with Julio Videla were integrated into the programming. Also, the Peruvian program Nubeluz is successfully released in the mornings. Initially, the episodes broadcast by Nubeluz were recorded, but over time they began to be broadcast live from Peru. In 1993, Megavisión together with Televisa obtained the concession to produce and broadcast the Viña del Mar International Song Festival, work that until then was carried out by Televisión Nacional de Chile; its animator, Antonio Vodanovic, emigrated to the channel to assume its conduction. That year, Mega also broadcast the Copa América played in Ecuador.

The version of the Viña Festival in 1994 was the first under the alliance with Televisa: the Mexican network acted as co-producer and intermediary to get figures such as the tenor Plácido Domingo and the youth group Onda Vaselina. It also broadcast that year the IMSA GT Championship, in which Eliseo Salazar stood out. That year there was already talk of the consolidation of the channel, and during this period Megavisión reached third place in annual audiences.

In 1995, Mega managed to retain the broadcast rights of the Spanish soccer league at the height of Iván Zamorano's career during his stay at Real Madrid, despite the high price of these. Also, that same year it broadcast the IndyCar Series (later the ChampCar Series), in which Salazar stood out.

Megavisión launched its website during the 1996 Viña del Mar Festival with an online broadcast of the event, in cooperation with MCL Internet, one of the first Internet providers in Chile; In the middle of the year, the Viña Festival concession was awarded again until 1999. The creation of an external soap opera company called Área Dramática was also announced, under the presidency of Bartolomé Dezerega and the direction of Ricardo Miranda, who until then had worked on Canal 13, and he broadcast the Olympics for the first time with the 1996 Summer Olympics. In April, he began broadcasting the 1998 CONMEBOL World Cup qualification, where he broadcasts the games of the Chilean Soccer Team as visitors against the teams of Venezuela, Ecuador, and Argentina. It also aired the three matches of those South American qualifiers.

In children's programming, in 1997, Megavisión premiered the original Dragon Ball; Due to its success, it aired their successors: Dragon Ball Z, and Dragon Ball GT. The financial situation of the channel in this period was negative, and it went from having CL$900 million in losses in 1996 to CL$5,000 million in 1997.

The dramatic area of Megavisión made its screen debut on 10 March 1997 with the telenovela Rossabella, which ranked third in audiences in the afternoon block. In the second semester, he failed Santiago City, which was taken off the screen in episode 17. The following year, A Todo Dar reached second place with a publicized audience; However, the channel decided not to premiere a telenovela in the second semester to invest those resources in 1999. The channel's fourth telenovela, Algo está cambiando, premiered in March 1999 with low audience ratings and was therefore moved to 22:00. The channel decided to close its dramatic area at the end of that year, and the actors that remained under contract dedicated themselves to animation.

Programming
Among the many TV shows broadcast on MEGA are:

 * Más vale tarde (Late night Talk show)
 * Morandé con compañía (variety show)
 * Mucho gusto (breakfast television)
 * Meganoticias (Daily News brand)
 * Megadeportes (Daily Sports brand)
 * El tiempo en Mega (Climate show)

Slogans

 * 1990–1991: El otro canal (The other channel)
 * 1991–1992: Megavisión, estamos con usted (Megavision, we are with you)
 * 1992–2001: Megavisión, mucho que ver (Megavision, much to see.)
 * 2001–2010: Mega, ¡Se Vive! (Mega, It lives!.)
 * 2010–2013: Mega, ¡me gusta! (Mega, I like it!)
 * 2013–2015: Mega, cambia contigo (Mega, changes with you.)
 * 2015–2018: Mi Mega (My Mega)
 * 2018–2020: Tú nos inspiras (You inspire us)
 * 2020–2022: Comparte (Share it)
 * 2022-present: Se siente bien (It feels good)

title: Mega (Chilean TV network)


text:
User talk:AGGoH

Hi AGGoH,

welcome to Wikipedia and thanks for your work on Coggeshall, I started the page a while back but didn't know too much about it. Hope you enjoy your stay here and look forward to reading more of your work.

Pete --Pluke 14:41, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for the welcome. AGGoH 15:33, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Hi AGGOH
Thank you for your help and input on the videosift wiki! Your edits really made the article. I look forward to contributing more to this wonderful site. --Farhadz 13:53, 9 December 2006 (UTC)

Coggeshall help
Hi AGGoH,

I should be back in Coggeshall next week with access to the books I need. I will try to implement some of the improvements listed on the talk page and would appreciate some help and feedback if you are about? Hope you have a good Christmas. Pluke 22:07, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Hi Again,

Not sure if you still frequent these parts, but I have put up a big change to the Coggeshall page and would love any feedback and assistance you can throw my way. Thanks Pluke (talk) 22:22, 24 November 2007 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:00, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:AGGoH


text:
Talk:Anthology 1

"Eight Days a Week"?
Track 24 (disc 2) is listed as "Eight Days a Week" (Takes 1, 2 & 4) – 1:25

Listening to the track, they begin the song at the top of the track and runs until about :45 when the song breaks down; then they begin messing around with their parts, and attempt to run the song again at about 1:15, but fail, and the song is counted in again (which cuts off to the next track, which is listed here as Take 5). This site indicates that track 24 is only Takes 1 and 2; can anyone clarify where the info in this article comes from, and if it is correct, how there are three takes included in this track? TheHYPO (talk) 07:40, 6 October 2009 (UTC)

 * The article info appears to come from the booklet that accompanies Anthology 1 which lists four takes (1,2,4 and 5) for two tracks (24 and 25) and take 5 is described as a complete take and thus would be the whole of track 25. I haven't listened closely, but perhaps there is an edit so that takes 1 & 2 sound like one performance. There is also some noodling about on guitar that might have been considered a take. — John Cardinal (talk) 12:35, 6 October 2009 (UTC)

Album cover and POV text about Pete Best
I think there should be some text about the Klaus Voormann cover.

We also need to change the text as it relates to Pete Best. The way it reads is a little melodramatic

Pete Best's face was torn away from the Savage Young Beatles record jacket.

1) The entire collage on all 3 album covers is full of images that have been torn and overlaid by other images. Not one single image on the 3 covers is in its entirety. 2) The words "torn away" in the current version of the text are pejorative and imply that there was a motive to be defamatory to Best. That may or may not be the case. As individuals we can SPECULATE as to whether the removal of Best's head was ill-motivated or simply an artist's way to graphically convey what happened to Best (ie replaced by Starr) - but we can't do that on Wikipedia. We can only present incontrovertible facts. They are these: A) All three Anthology album artworks created by Klaus Voormann are in collage style with photographs and visual elements torn and only shown in part. B) The part of the Savage Young Beatles record jacket in the centre of the Anthology 1 artwork that is torn is at the corner where Pete Best's face had been. C) Where Best's face was on the poster is the face of his successor, Ringo Starr, on the Please Please Me album cover beneath it in the collage. D) Best is seen on the Anthology cover in a separate small photograph standing in front of Aspinall's van parked outside The Cavern. E) The cover of Best's album Haymans Green displays the image of Best's face not seen because of the torn album cover seen on the Anthology 1 cover. The current text - which has no text sources - presents a POV which is why I've replaced it with a more detailed NPOV text. Davidpatrick (talk) 02:46, 30 June 2010 (UTC)

 * Pete Best's face was not in the corner, the tear is a large triangle taken out of the side. The original text was no POV at all. It merely stated that Pete Best's face had been torn away (which is true) to reveal Ringo's face (which is also true). It didn't say it was deliberate (it clearly was though); it's left up to interpretation. McLerristarr (Mclay1) (talk) 03:46, 21 July 2010 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Anthology 1


text:
User:Frazzydee/TfD

TfD'd
This template was listed for deletion on Templates for Deletion. The decision was to  this template. Please see Templates for deletion/Log/eleted/July 2005 for more information.

title: User:Frazzydee/TfD


text:
Talk:Remington M1867

Rewriting history
This is an extremely Norwegian-centric article, bordering on an attempt to rewrite history. The Norwegian armed forces didn't do anything on their own here since Sweden and Norway were in a union under the king of Sweden following Denmark-Norway's defeat in the final years of the Napoleonic wars. The decision to buy the Remington rolling block rifle was based on a suggestion by a joint Swedish-Norwegian arms commission and the rifle was ordered for both the armed forces of Sweden and those of Norway, in both cases with the approval of the same man, the king of "The United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway" as it was known then, and with the same designation for the rifle, Model 1867. And yes the caliber was indeed 12.17 mm. Remington made 10,000 complete rifles plus 20,000 actions for Sweden (the actions were used for converting earlier muzzle loading rifles of the same caliber to rolling block breech loaders, the converted rifles being designated "Model 1860/67") while two Swedish manufacturers made large quantities of both rifles and carbines under license from Remington. In Sweden the Remington was eventually replaced by Mauser-designed bolt action rifles and carbines, the m/1894 carbine and the m/1896 rifle, after which large quantities of the Remington were sold on the civilian market, becoming a popular rifle among moose hunters.

So IMO the article should be rewritten to include information abouth both the Norwegian and the Swedish models of the Remington rolling block and the title should be changed to "Swedish-Norwegian model 1867 Remington", but rewriting the article and changing the title probably won't go home well in some revisionist circles in Norway... Allan Akbar (talk) 22:39, 6 May 2010 (UTC)

 * Since no-one else felt like doing it I've done it myself. The article is now neutral and historically correct, and also includes information about Swedish versions of the M1867. Allan Akbar (talk) 13:07, 14 December 2011 (UTC)

Dimensions problems, Norwegian units
In making an edit, WegianWarrior writes: ''May I suggest a reading of the main source for this article? It states "4 decimal linjer", and measurements of the weapons and ammo reveals 12.17 mm (remember; pre 1905, aka union)''.

 * Several comments:
 * Norway and Sweden may have shared a king from 1814 to 1905; but they never shared a system of measurements in that time period until they both switched to metric, right around the time this weapon was being developed.
 * I'm not going to go out and buy some book to make the point, if you have it, maybe you can give specific quotes from it giving the dimensions in millimeters.
 * Even if it says "4 decimal linjer" that doesn't prove your point.
 * The picture in this article, from Det kgl norske Artilleris Aarsberetning dated 1867, says pretty much the same thing, "Maalene i decimale Linier". You just have to be smart enough to understand what that means.
 * The numbers in that drawing are indeed given in lines and decimal fractions of a line. They are "decimal lines" because of that decimal subdivision below the unit.  For example (my eyes might not be good enough to get all of these exactly right), the drawing lists the diameter of the bullet as 4.021 lines, the diameter of the casing as 4.45 lines, and the diameter of the shoulder of the casing as 5.11 lines.
 * In other words, these are still "decimal lines" whether or not the lines themselves are decimal fractions of a foot.
 * Now let's get back to that "union" nonsense. Your figures would also be wrong for Swedish lines.  Why? Because the Swedish foot was a much different size from the Norwegian foot:
 * Norway: 12 lines per thumb, 12 thumbs per foot, foot = 313.74 mm (perhaps a definition of the fot in the time period we are talking about, or at least an official, conventional conversion factor), a typical Northern Europe foot considerably longer than the English foot.
 * Sweden: 10 lines per thumb, 10 thumbs per foot, foot = 296.9 mm, much smaller than the Norwegian foot and smaller than the English foot of 304.8 mm.
 * An additional factor: There is absolutely no mention of anything in any of the Wikipedia ammunition articles about any 12.17 mm ammunition.  Something that large would probably have been noted, whereas another 9 mm variant might slip by.

 * Your 12.17 mm corresponds to 5.59 Norwegian lines, 5.75 English lines, 5.39 French lines, and 4.10 Swedish lines (of 1/100 Swedish foot). Note that 4.10 is not one of the numbers which appears in the drawings of this ammunition.
 * Therefore 12.17 mm would be incorrect for those Swedish lines as well.
 * Furthermore, if for the sake of argument the Norwegian foot were subdivided into 100 lines, this would only be 3.88 of those (probably phantom) "linier".
 * The book from which the drawings are taken is written in Norwegian, not Swedish. The book cited as a reference also looks likely to be Norwegian, not Swedish:  Hanevik, Karl Egil (1998). Norske Militærgeværer etter 1867.
 * Consequently, had either been using a Swedish foot decimally subdivided into 100 lines, rather than a Norwegian foot duodecimally subdivided into 144 lines, that would most likely be noted.
 * Gene Nygaard 14:42, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

First things first. I've noticed on rereading that my edit summary came across as a bit crass - I'm sorry about that. To your points though:
 * Norway and Sweden had a lot more in common than a lot of people realise today - among other things an agrement that the armed forces should use the same weapons, or failing that, weapons that used the same ammunition. Thus my comment on the union.
 * Yes, I have the book in question - it was my main (but not only) source as I wrote the article in the first place. I'll quoute the relevant passages further on.
 * It is quite clear that the source - and the Det kgl norske Artilleris Aarsberetning of 1867 (a copy of which I have at work, but not here at home) - means 1/10th of an inch when they talk about 'decimale linjer' (which makes perfect sence, seing as deci tends to mean ten - ref desimeter (1/10th of a meter)).
 * Don't get to confused over the apparant mismatch between the kaliber of the barrel, the bullet and the common name on the weapon - it's always that way, espesially when you have uncoated lead bullet. For a more recent sample, take the 7.92mm german Kar98k - which in service withthe german armed forces was called 8mm. See sources qouted below to see why this is relevant here.
 * All surviving rifles in original configuration has a caliber of 12.17 mm, alloving for tolerances and wear.
 * The fact that there is no wikipedia article on the 4 ''' rimfire cartridge - after metrification commonly called 12 mm - is not an indication that there was no such thing... after all, it was used by Norway and Sweden for a handfull of years towards the end of the 1800's. I know of more common cartridges used for longer (like the 6.5 mm Japanese centerfire round) that don't have articles on Wikipedia either.

From the source (and sorry for those that don't speak Norwegian):
 * Page 10, under the subheading Kaliberspørsmålet:
 * Det var tidlig i unionstiden bestemt at det skulle være lik ammunisjon for de militære styrker i de to land. Likevel hadde det i forbindelse med approbasjon av kammerladingsgeværet M/1860 i Norge, med kaliber 4 linjer (ca 12mm), og det samtidige svenske perkusjonsgeværet oppstått en ulikhet. Det svenske geværet hadde vært såvidt dårlig at man ganske snart besluttet å omgjøre dem til kammerladingsgeværer. Prosjektilet som skulle benyttes i dette våpenet måtte imidlertid, for å treffe rillene i låpet, være større enn prosjektilet til det norske kammerladningsgeværet.
 * Problemet var derfor å få valgt en patron som skulle kunne utnyttes i de tidligere geværene (ved eventuell omgjøring til patrongevær) samtidig som den skulle være tidsmessig og fungere godt i et nytt gevær. Det var åpenbart at man måtte ta hensyn til de ca 30000 svenske geværene og ca 12000 norske geværene som var aktuelle for omgjøring til den nye patronen.
 * Kommisjonen kom til at det ville skape minst ulemper når man satte kaliberet på det nye Remingtongeværet til 4,1 svenske = 3,88 norske linjer (ca 12,17 mm) og kulediameteren til 4.021 norske linjer (ca 12,615 mm). Dette passet bra for det svenske geværet, men mindre bra for det norske 4 linjers kammerladningsgeværet.
 * For those not familiar with Norwegian; the source here states that the recomended caliber was 12.17 mm, with a bullet 12.615 mm in diameter.

 * Page 11, subheding Approbasjon av kaliber og patronkammer
 * Den 10. mai 1867 ble følgende forslag til kongelig resolusjon fastsatt av kongen:
 * «Med Hensyn til de Infanterigeværer, som herefter forfærdiges for Armeen, fastsættes følgende:
 * 1. Kaliberet skal være 3,88 norske = 4,1 svenske decimale Linier.
 * 2. Kammeret eller Udboringen i Løbets bakre Ende skal være som hosstående Figur udviser.
 * 3. Patronerne skulle passe i den under Punkt 2 bestemte Udboring og være indrettede for saakaldet Ringantændelse.
 * 4. Geværmekanismen skal være indrettede for Ringantændelse.
 * The figure refered to in the second point indicates the following: caliber of the barrel 3,88 decimale linjer, lenght of bullet outside casing 3,88 decimale linjer, lenght of casing 12,78 decimale linjer, diameter of casing at the shoulder 4,31 decimale linjer, diameter of casing at base 4,54 decimale linjer, dimeter of rim 5,20 decimale linjer, thickness of rim 0,57 decimale linjer.
 * For those not familiar with Norwegian; the source states that the king approved of the proposed round and chamber on the 10th of May 1867, refering to the figure described above.

 * Page 11, subheading Betegnelse på Remingtongeværet:
 * De første årene ble geværet omtalt som 4 ''' Remingtongevær. I forbindelsen til overgangen til metriske mål bestemte Generalfelttøymesteren den 23. juli 1879 at geværet for fremtiden skulle benevnes 12 mm Remingtongevær. Modellbetegnelsen (M/1867) ble bare i meget begrenset utstrekning benyttet på den tiden.
 * For those unfamiliar with Norwegian: The rifle was known as "the 4 ''' Remington rifle" the first years, but when Norway went metric it was decided to call it "the 12 mm Remington rifle" from 1879.

Summary: The correct nomenclature on the weapon is, and has always been 4 linjers Remingtongevær. The caliber was 4 ''' (at least in everyday speak, just as the above mentioned Mauser Kar98K was known as 8mm), or more precisly 12.17 mm in modern measurements. I've reverted your well meant, but faulty, changes to the article, and tried to clear up the confusion. WegianWarrior 08:59, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

What's Palmcrantz's repeating rifle?
The linked article and all the sources I could find only mention his machine gun developed much later. Ain92 (talk) 16:01, 22 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Remington M1867


text:
Broad Street Mall

Broad Street Mall, previously known as the Butts Centre, is a large indoor shopping centre located in central Reading, England. There is a large multi-storey car park with direct access to the first floor of the centre. It is close to The Hexagon theatre and the offices of Reading Borough Council.

History
Plans for the shopping centre were made by the Reading Borough Council in 1956, however it took more than a decade to find a suitable site and buy it. The centre was originally known as the Butts Centre, and was named after the adjacent St Mary's Butts. The current name relates to Reading's principal pedestrian shopping street, Broad Street, and the centre is situated at the west end of the street. It was opened in 1971. The centre was purchased by Doughty Hanson & Co in June 2001 and sold in March 2004. During this period they implemented a business strategy to update and refurbish the shopping centre to modern standards. During this time footfall increased 50% and net operating profits increased 38%.

Shops

Below are occupiers of the centre classified as strong covenants
 * Boswells Cafe
 * Bride to Be
 * Brother2Brother
 * Burger King
 * Card Factory
 * F. Hinds
 * Grape Tree
 * Greggs
 * Holland & Barrett
 * Iceland
 * Jelly
 * 118 Photography
 * Reading Buses
 * Martin's
 * Metro Bank
 * Poundland
 * Reading Biscuit Factory (Cinema)
 * Savers (UK retailer)
 * Slaters
 * Subway
 * Superdrug
 * Taco Bell
 * Thai-Grr
 * The Works
 * Therapists on the High Street
 * Timpson (retailer)
 * TK Maxx
 * Wilko

Residential
In November 2018, plans were submitted to the Reading Borough Council for 530 residential flats in the Broad Street Mall development, however in 2019, Inception Reading resubmitted new plans for "493 flats in three buildings, one of which would be on top of the shopping centre". The two other towers will consist of one being 5 storeys and the second being 22 storeys subject to planning permission not changing.

Other facilities
There are public toilets a Post Office and a NHS walk-in health centre. In 2019, the walk-in centre was expanded due to its busy nature with £505,000 of funding from the NHS. In September 2020, Co-Space Reading opened at Broad St. Mall which offers a flexible and spacious working environment for local businesses. There are 15 fully furnished office suites available to rent, ranging from between 4, 6 and 10 person, up to 50+ person spaces.

title: Broad Street Mall


text:
Evdokimov (crater)

Evdokimov is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It lies to the east of the crater Evershed, and west-southwest of Gadomski. This is a worn and eroded feature with a somewhat indistinct outer rim that is little more than a slight ridge in the surface. The rim is better formed along the western and eastern sides. A small crater with a relatively high albedo lies along the inner wall to the northeast, and is surrounded by a small, bright skirt of ejecta. The interior floor is nearly featureless, with only a few indistinct small crater rims marking the surface.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Evdokimov.

title: Evdokimov (crater)


text:
International Longshoremen's Association

The International Longshoremen's Association (ILA) is a North American labor union representing longshore workers along the East Coast of the United States and Canada, the Gulf Coast, the Great Lakes, Puerto Rico, and inland waterways; on the West Coast, the dominant union is the International Longshore and Warehouse Union. The ILA has approximately 200 local affiliates in port cities in these areas.

Origins
In 1864, the first modern longshoremen's union was formed in the port of New York. It was called the Longshoremen's Union Protective Association (LUPA).

While longshoremen in the United States had organized and conducted strikes before there was a United States, the ILA traces its origins to a union of longshoremen on the Great Lakes: the Association of Lumber Handlers founded in 1877, then renamed the National Longshoremen's Association of the United States, in 1892. It joined the American Federation of Labor in 1895 and renamed itself the International Longshoremen's Association several years later, when it admitted Canadian longshoremen to membership.

Organized and led by an Irish tugboat worker named Daniel Keefe, the organization had as many as 100,000 members on the Great Lakes, the East Coast, the West Coast and the Gulf Coast in 1905. From the outset, Keefe faced significant challenges, most notably the outright hostility to unions of Chicago's influential industrialists and the traditional anti-union leanings of longshore recruits from small Midwestern towns. Nevertheless, Keefe successfully expanded membership in the newborn union to include large numbers of dockworkers.

In 1892, delegates from eleven ports convened in Detroit where they adopted the by-laws of the Longshoremen's Chicago local and the name National Longshoremen's Association of The United States. By 1895, the name was changed to International Longshoremen's Association to reflect the growing numbers of Canadian members. Shortly thereafter, the ILA affiliated with the American Federation of Labor (AFL).

As the start of the 20th century loomed, the ILA had approximately 50,000 members, almost all on the Great Lakes. By 1905, membership had doubled to 100,000, half of which were scattered throughout the rest of the country. ILA leaders focused on eliminating independent stevedoring firms and securing closed shop contracts. Keefe bargained with employers, guaranteeing uninterrupted work in return for badly needed improvements in working conditions and wage increases.

Daniel Keefe retired as President of the ILA in 1908, succeeded by another Great Lakes tugboat man, T.V. O'Connor. O'Connor's presidency spanned twelve of the ILA's most intriguing and influential years. In 1909, a bitter three-year strike on the Great Lakes pitted the employers' Lake Carriers' Association against every maritime union except the ILA, whose locals wisely voted against participation because it was clear to them from the beginning that the strike was a losing battle. So powerful and well equipped was the Lake Carriers' Association that Lakes shipping ran almost regularly despite the union walk out. In the end, the ILA was almost alone on the Lakes.

The 1914 absorption of LUPA into the ILA prompted the creation of the ILA's New York District Council and ignited an intense period of growth for the union both in terms of size and power. The organization of coastwise longshoremen in 1916 was a significant victory that greatly improved the ILA's position at bargaining tables: shippers no longer had the option of diverting freight from striking ports along the Atlantic. A similar coastwide strike also occurred on the West Coast in 1916.

As the ILA grew, power shifted increasingly to the Port of New York, where the branch headquarters for the International were established. There, a man named Joseph P. Ryan was organizing longshoremen as an officer of the ILA's New York District Council and in 1918, president of the ILA's "Atlantic Coast District".

In 1921, ILA president Thomas V. O'Connor resigned. Anthony Chlopek, the last of the Great Lakes presidents, was elected ILA International president and Ryan served as his First Vice president for the six years of Chlopek's presidency. Perhaps the most significant development during Chlopek's term was the institution of the Prohibition Enforcement Law. In direct contrast to its desired effect, Prohibition actually had a demoralizing, corrupting effect on society.

The ILA faced competition, particularly from the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), which had a number of members on the West Coast, where many workers moved into longshoring from other centers of IWW strength, such as the lumber and mining industries, and in Philadelphia, where the IWW remained a force after the prosecution and conviction of many of its leaders in 1919 largely destroyed the organization. The ILA survived, even after an open shop campaign on the West Coast and a failed strike in New York City in 1919 left it much weakened.

Joseph Ryan was elected International president in 1927. During the Great Depression, masses of unemployed workers flooded the market with cheap labor and company unions flourished. Then, encouraged by passage of New Deal legislation limiting the use of injunctions to prevent strikes and picketing (the Norris – La Guardia Act) and guaranteeing the rights of workers to vote for their own representation (Wagner Act of 1935), the union immediately began reorganizing and reclaiming lost ports.

Ryan and the union's regional and local leaders regained much of the lost ground, but often at the cost of diminished centralization. Nonetheless, membership again soared, increasing as much as sixfold in as many years in some districts. But the process of rebuilding was not without hurdles. After the largely successful 83-day 1934 West Coast longshore strike, Pacific coast longshoremen voted to secede from the ILA and joined the Congress of Industrial Organizations as the International Longshore and Warehouse Union.

In the history of the ILA, the port of Baltimore, which was a sixth largest port in the world around the start of the 20th century, had a unique impact on the legacy of the Longshoremen's Union. Unlike the Port of New York or Boston which were dominated by Irish and German immigrants, Baltimore's stevedores and longshoremen were overwhelmingly Polish. In the 1930s about eighty percent of the Baltimore's longshoremen were Polish or of Polish descent. The port of Baltimore had an international reputation of fast cargo handling credited to the well-organized gang system that was nearly free of corruption, wildcat strikes and constant work stoppages unlike its other East coast counterparts. In fact, the New York Anti-Crime Commission and the Waterfront Commission of New York looked upon the Baltimore system as the ideal one for all ports. The hiring of longshoremen in Baltimore by the gang system dates back to 1913, when the ILA was first formed. The Polish longshoremen began setting up the system by selecting the most skilled men to lead them. This newly formed gang would usually work for the same company, which would give the priority to the gang. During the times where there was no work within the particular company, the gang would work elsewhere, or even divide to aid other groups in their work, which would speed up the work and would make it more efficient. In an environment as dangerous as a busy waterfront, the Baltimore's gangs always operated together as a unit, because the experience let them know what each member would do at any given time making a water front a much safer place. At the beginning of the Second World War Polish predominance in the Port of Baltimore would significantly diminish as many Poles left to fight the war.

The spirit of rebirth continued as World War II created a commercial boom. Following the war, the ILA was at its peak, with wages and membership up. Ryan was elected "Lifetime President", an honorary title reflecting his stature and prominence in the union. Unfortunately for Ryan and the ILA, the union's toughest battle loomed in the near future.

Secession of the West Coast locals
The ILA Pacific Coast District was led by the radical left-winger Harry Bridges, who rebelled against Ryan's leadership during the 1934 West Coast longshore strike. A network of union activists largely circumvented Ryan during the strike, first organizing the membership to reject the contract that Ryan had negotiated, then leading a strike over his objections. Bridges and other veterans of the strike replaced Ryan loyalists in union elections up and down the West Coast following the strike.

Ryan never trusted Bridges, even though he was forced to make him an International officer in recognition of his de facto power on the West Coast. Ryan fired Bridges in 1936, however, after Bridges launched an East Coast speaking tour in support of the left-wing sailors' union, the National Maritime Union, with which Ryan had unfriendly relations. Bridges subsequently took all but three of the ILA's West Coast locals out of the ILA to form the International Longshore and Warehouse Union, which joined the Congress of Industrial Organizations shortly thereafter.

Allegations of organized crime
Longshoremen obtained work through a shapeup in which bosses chose a workforce on a daily basis. Longshoremen often worked only a day or less per week as a consequence. Work was especially uncertain for those who unloaded trucks and had to appeal to gangsters who controlled this work for employment.

The 1950s was a decade of turmoil and trauma for the ILA. Several sensationalist articles printed in New York City newspapers focused on alleged rampant gangsterism on the City's waterfront. The movie On the Waterfront would later popularize this viewpoint. At the same time, increasing unrest on the New York waterfront caused by internal conflicts in the ILA resulted in a 25-day work stoppage that halted only when New York State Industrial Commissioner Edward Corsi appointed a board of inquiry to investigate the October 1951 agreement in question. Extending the investigation beyond its original mandate, the Corsi Report first addressed the voting procedures initially at question—which turned out to be flawed, but not fraudulent—and then went on to focus on irregularities in the administration of several New York locals.

The Corsi Report captured the attention of the public. It was perfect ammunition for the press—as well as that of Governor Thomas E. Dewey, who ordered his New York State Crime Commission to conduct a full investigation of the ILA. In actuality, the investigation was more like a trial, with "witnesses" testifying against the ILA and its leadership. Eventually, the highly publicized investigation ended with the condemnation of both the ILA and Joseph Ryan as corrupt. The Waterfront Commission of New York Harbor was created in 1953 to temporarily oversee the waterfront.

The ILA strove to clean house and rid itself of the few members who had in fact been proven corrupt or criminal. In August 1953, the ILA was suspended from the American Federation of Labor (AFL), a devastating blow. The AFL created the International Brotherhood of Longshoremen (IBL-AFL) to replace the besmirched ILA and scheduled representational elections.

Under the relentless pressure of the investigations and denunciations, Ryan resigned. Captain William V. Bradley was elected to the presidency of the ILA-Independent at the November 1953 convention.

Rivalry with the IBL
To combat the spread of the IBL (International Brotherhood of Longshoremen), the ILA sent Thomas "Teddy" Gleason, ILA General Organizer, from port to port nationwide. Meanwhile, 17,000 longshoremen voted in the 1953 National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) election to determine representation in the Port of New York. The ILA was victorious, but immediately, Governor Dewey waged a campaign to overturn the election results.

Tension on the New York piers was mounting. ILA loyalists and many other longshoremen were at best suspicious of the IBL, which they viewed as a machine of the Waterfront Commission and a scab union—an organization of workers perceived as having a role in strike breaking. By early March 1954, the storm finally hit when Teamster boss David Beck was perceived as betraying the ILA by refusing to cross an IBL picket line. News spread and on piers up and down Manhattan, ILA longshoremen refused to touch Teamster deliveries. Gangs of longshoremen walked off the docks in a wildcat strike.

An NLRB injunction forbade ILA leaders from striking or disrupting freight transportation. Violence erupted as the IBL, facilitated by the police and Beck's Teamsters, smashed picket lines. Then the NLRB examiner effectively overturned the December elections. This proved to be the last straw, for less than a week later, Bradley made the ILA strike official. Other unions and workers gave their complete support to the ILA, including a major Teamsters local, which indicated Beck's opposition to the ILA strikers was not shared throughout the rest of the Teamsters.

The balance of power began to shift as Gleason gained ground against the IBL and longshoremen along the coast refused to handle diverted cargo. Dewey's anti-ILA entourage responded to the shift with a series of legal actions. Then, the NLRB officially set aside the results of the December elections and called for a new vote. The final blow, however, was the NLRB's announcement that the ILA would be banned from future elections unless it ended the work stoppage "forthwith". Bradley had no choice but to send his men back to work.

The ILA won a slim victory in the May 26, 1954, election, despite aggressive IBL campaigning. In August 1954, the results were finally approved and certified by NLRB and the ILA was given representational rights in the Port of New York. The IBL did not go quietly and forced a third representational election in 1956, in which it was again defeated. By the time an AFL–CIO committee recommended re-admittance for the ILA in August 1959, the IBL was active only in the Great Lakes. In October, the IBL officially dissolved itself and IBL president Larry Long became president of ILA's Great Lakes District.

Teddy Gleason was unanimously elected president at the ILA International Convention in 1963. He had always been respected, and the value of his efforts as General Organizer during the troubles of the 1950s was well known. The delegates who elected Gleason were looking for change, progress, and modernization. Gleason took up this charge and moved the headquarters to its current focused on settling the union's troubled financial affairs.

Containerization
In 1965, Gleason negotiated what was at the time the longest lasting ILA contract in history. It was also the first truly forward-looking contract the union signed. As automation and containerization increased, the contract focused on preserving jobs. Gleason-era initiatives such as the Guaranteed Annual Income (GAI) program, the Job Security Program (JSP). Under Gleason, the ILA once again became a strong and powerful force in the world of labor.

Some employers outside New York who faced the loss of business as a result of the agreement challenged the "Rules on Containers" that were negotiated and agreed to by management and labor as a means of preserving jobs. The National Labor Relations Board originally upheld the challenge, only to be reversed by the United States Supreme Court in two cases in the 1980s that found that the rules were lawful and did not violate federal labor law. However, the Federal Trade Commission later found that the Rules were an impermissible restraint on trade.

Governmental oversight
In 1953 the states of New York and New Jersey entered into an interstate compact, with Congressional approval, that established a Waterfront Commission responsible for regulating the ILA by preventing individuals with a criminal record from holding positions within it. The Labor Management Reporting and Disclosure Act, passed in 1959, imposed similar restrictions on all private sector unions.

Political activities
The ILA conducted boycotts aimed at trade with the Soviet Union during periods of crisis, such as the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The Supreme Court ruled in two companion cases in the 1980s that the union's boycott could not be enjoined under the Norris-LaGuardia Act, but that it was an unlawful secondary boycott that could be outlawed on that basis under the Taft-Hartley Act.

Presidents

 * 1892: Daniel Keefe
 * 1909: Thomas V. O'Connor
 * 1921: Anthony Chlopek
 * 1927: Joseph P. Ryan
 * 1953: William Bradley
 * 1963: Teddy Gleason
 * 1987: John Bowers
 * 2007: Richard Hughes
 * 2011: Harold J. Daggett


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Sequela

A sequela (, ; usually used in the plural, sequelae ) is a pathological condition resulting from a disease, injury, therapy, or other trauma. Derived from the Latin word meaning "sequel", it is used in the medical field to mean a complication or condition following a prior illness or disease.

A typical sequela is a chronic complication of an acute condition—in other words, a long-term effect of a temporary disease or injury—which follows immediately from the condition. Sequelae differ from late effects, which can appear long after—even several decades after—the original condition has resolved.

In general, non-medical usage, the terms sequela and sequelae mean consequence and consequences.

Examples and uses
Chronic kidney disease, for example, is sometimes a sequela of diabetes; "chronic constipation" or more accurately "obstipation" (that is, inability to pass stool or gas) is a sequela to an intestinal obstruction; and neck pain is a common sequela of whiplash or other trauma to the cervical vertebrae. Post-traumatic stress disorder may be a psychological sequela of rape. Sequelae of traumatic brain injury include headache, dizziness, anxiety, apathy, depression, aggression, cognitive impairments, personality changes, mania, and psychosis.

COVID-19 is also known to cause post-acute sequelae, known as long COVID, post-COVID syndrome, or post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC). This refers to the continuation of COVID-19 symptoms or the development of new ones, four or more weeks after the initial infection; these symptoms may persist for weeks and months. Post-COVID syndrome can occur in individuals who were asymptomatic for COVID, as well as those ranging from mild illness to severe hospitalization. These most commonly reported sequelae include fatigue, shortness of breath, chest pain, loss of smell, and brain fog; symptoms drastically range, from mild illness to severe impairment.

Some conditions may be diagnosed retrospectively from their sequelae. An example is pleurisy.

Other examples of sequelae include those following neurological injury; including aphasia, ataxia, hemi- and quadriplegia, and any number of other changes that may be caused by neurological trauma. Note that these pathologies can be related to both physical and chemical traumas, as both can cause lingering neuronal damage.

The phrase status post, abbreviated in writing as s/p, is used to discuss sequelae with reference to their cause. Clinicians typically use the phrase to refer to acute traumatic conditions. For example: "the patient had neck pain status post a motor vehicle accident".

Rheumatic fever is a non-suppurative sequela of a primary infection of group A Streptococcus bacteria. Glomerulonephritis can also be a non-suppurative sequela of Streptococcus pyogenes.

title: Sequela


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Klichet

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 23:13, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Klichet
Appears to be a vanity page for a single theatre group. Barring a reason that this particular group is notable, this isn't encyclopedic -- Kaszeta 14:46, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Delete: vanity, not-notable... abundance of cliches... possibly Merge with user page. --Addama 15:06, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, vanity. Megan1967 01:34, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, replace with redirect to cliche as improbable misspellgni. Radiant_* 13:13, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Klichet


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Lipskiy (crater)

Lipskiy is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It lies just to the south of the lunar equator, and is the closest named crater to the antipode of the Earth zenith point by 70 kilometers. That is, it lies in the region of the Moon that on average is the most distant from the Earth. Lipskiy is located less than one crater diameter to the north of the prominent crater Daedalus. To the northeast is Krasovskiy.

The crater has been heavily damaged and disrupted by subsequent impacts, leaving a formation that is scarcely recognizable as a crater. The rim and the interior are very irregular, and are overlain by several smaller impacts. The most notable of these are Lipskiy V along the northwestern edge and Lipskiy S is located just to the west of the midpoint.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Lipskiy.

title: Lipskiy (crater)


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Category:Business software

Pertains to the software normally used by businesses, including word processors, spreadsheets, project management software, etc.

title: Category:Business software


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Hussein Ibish

Hussein Yusuf Kamal Ibish (حسين يوسف كمال أيبش; born 1963) is a senior resident scholar at the Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington. He is a weekly columnist for The National (UAE), former columnist for Bloomberg, regular contributor to The Atlantic and The Daily Beast, and frequent contributor to many other U.S. and Middle Eastern publications. He has made thousands of radio and television appearances and was the Washington, DC correspondent for The Daily Star (Beirut). Many of Ibish's articles are archived on his Ibishblog website.

His most recent book is ''What's Wrong with the One-State Agenda? Why Ending the Occupation and Peace with Israel is Still the Palestinian National Goal'' (ATFP, 2009). Ibish was included in all three years (2011, 2012, and 2013) of Foreign Policy's “Twitterati 100,” the magazine's list of 100 “must-follow” Twitter feeds on foreign policy.

Ibish is the editor and principal author of three major studies of Hate Crimes and Discrimination against Arab Americans 1998-2000 (ADC, 2001), Sept. 11, 2001-Oct. 11, 2002 (ADC, 2003), and 2003-2007 (ADC, 2008). He is also the author of “At the Constitution’s Edge: Arab Americans and Civil Liberties in the United States” in States of Confinement (St. Martin's Press, 2000), “Anti-Arab Bias in American Policy and Discourse” in Race in 21st Century America (Michigan State University Press, 2001), “Race and the War on Terror,” in Race and Human Rights (Michigan State University Press, 2005) and “Symptoms of Alienation: How Arab and American Media View Each Other“ in Arab Media in the Information Age (ECSSR, 2005). He wrote, along with Ali Abunimah, “The Palestinian Right of Return” (ADC, 2001) and “The Media and the New Intifada” in The New Intifada (Verso, 2001). He is the editor, along with Saliba Sarsar, of Principles and Pragmatism (ATFP, 2006).

Ibish previously served as a senior fellow at the American Task Force on Palestine, and executive director of the Hala Salaam Maksoud Foundation for Arab-American Leadership from 2004 to 2009. From 1998 to 2004, Ibish served as communications director for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee.

Background and education
Ibish was born in Beirut, Lebanon. He comes from an academic background: his father, Yusuf Ibish, was a Lebanese/Syrian who studied at Harvard University's Department of Government in the 1950s and was on the faculty of the American University of Beirut as a scholar of Islam. His father and mother were a devout Sunni Muslim and Anglican Christian, respectively, although he never embraced either religion, despite being a founding member of the Progressive Muslim Union. Ibish attended Emerson College, earning a Bachelor of Science degree in mass communications in 1986. He has a PhD in comparative literature from the University of Massachusetts Amherst.

Career

 * Senior Resident Scholar at the Arab Gulf States Institute in Washington 2015-present
 * Senior Fellow American Task Force on Palestine 2004-2014
 * Executive Director of the Hala Salaam Maksoud Foundation for Arab-American Leadership 2004-2009
 * Communications Director for the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC), 1998–2004
 * Founding member of the Progressive Muslim Union (later resigned)

Publications

 * What's Wrong with the One-State Agenda? Why Ending the Occupation and Peace with Israel is Still the Palestinian National Goal. American Task Force on Palestine (ATFP), 2009
 * "Hate Crimes and Discrimination against Arab Americans 1998-2000". American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC), 2001)
 * "Hate Crimes and Discrimination Against Arab-Americans Sept. 11, 2001-Oct. 11, 2002" (ADC, 2003)
 * "Report on Hate Crimes and Discrimination against Arab Americans: 2003-2007" (ADC, 2008)
 * "At the Constitution's Edge: Arab Americans and Civil Liberties in the United States" in States of Confinement: Policing, Detention, and Prisons, Joy James, ed. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000
 * "Anti-Arab Bias in American Policy and Discourse" in Race in 21st Century America, Curtis Stokes, Theresa Melendez, Genice Rhodes-Reed, eds. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 2001
 * "Race and the War on Terror" in Race and Human Rights, Curtis Stokes, ed. Michigan State University Press, 2005
 * "Symptoms of Alienation: How Arab and American Media View Each Other" in Arab Media in the Information Age. ECSSR, 2005
 * "The Palestinian Right of Return" (ADC, 2001)
 * "The Media and the New Intifada" in The New Intifada, Roane Carey, ed. Verso, 2001
 * Editor, Principles and Pragmatism. ATFP, 2006
 * "Hussein Ibish (Close Friend) and Christopher Hitchens." One Last Lunch: A final meal with those who meant so much to us. Abrams Press, Erica Heller, ed. Abrams Press, 2020.

title: Hussein Ibish


text: Category:Oïl languages

title: Category:Oïl languages


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The Oracle, Queensland

The Oracle is a $850 million two-tower luxury apartment development at Broadbeach on the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. When completed it held the record for tallest building and highest apartment sale in Broadbeach. The project consists of a 50-storey beach tower and a 40-storey hinterland tower and features a retail precinct which will be centred on the "Oracle Boulevard".

The Oracle was developed by South Sky Investments subsidiary of Niecon with architecture by Design By Innovation (DBI) and constructed by Melbourne-based company Grocon. The project is the second five-star hotel built on the Gold Coast after the Palazzo Versace.

Location
The Oracle site is bounded by Elizabeth Avenue, Surf Parade and Charles Avenue, Broadbeach, a suburb of the Gold Coast, Queensland. It has taken over 15 years to amalgamate the site which is almost a whole city block.

Features
Designed by Niecon Developments in conjunction with Design By Innovation (DBI), The Oracle consists of a 50-storey and a 40-storey luxury residential tower above a gallery of boutiques, cafés and restaurants. The project includes a total of 505 apartments containing between one and three bedrooms.

The residence has a number of high-speed lifts, a water feature, Zen garden and tai chi lawn. Sporting facilities include a 25 m heated lap pool, indoor spa, steam room, sauna, and gymnasium. Leisure facilities include an in-house cinema with surround sound, private wine lockers, an executive lounge, and a Teppanyaki grill.

The Peppers Broadbeach Hotel, a five-star hotel within the complex, opened in November 2010.

Receivership
In December 2010 the South Sky Investments, developer of the Oracle complex, has been placed into receivership as the company was unable to achieve settlements of up to 400 pre-sold apartments. The remaining apartments, which ranged in price from A$850,000 to A$12m, had been pre-sold before the global financial crisis.

title: The Oracle, Queensland


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Stationfall

Stationfall is an interactive fiction game written by Steve Meretzky and released by Infocom in 1987. It was published for the Commodore 64, Amiga, Amstrad CPC, Apple II, Atari 8-bit computers, Atari ST, and MS-DOS. The game is a sequel to Planetfall, one of Infocom's most popular games. It is Infocom's twenty-fifth game.

Plot
Following the events on Resida in Planetfall, the player's character received a promotion from lowly Ensign Seventh Class to Lieutenant First Class. The life of an officer in the Stellar Patrol is no better than that of a humble enlistee, however. Five years after the thrills of saving an entire planet from destruction, the character is stuck in a boring desk job that demands piles of tedious paperwork instead of menial cleaning duties.

A typically boring assignment comes in: accompany a spacetruck to a space station and pick up a load of "Request for Stellar Patrol Issue Regulation Black Form Binders Request Form Forms". To make things even more dull, spacetrucks are fully automated, so it will pilot itself once the proper coordinates are entered.

But the task does authorize the use of a robot assistant, and coincidentally enough, Floyd, a beloved companion revived at the end of Planetfall, is one of the choices.

Once the player and Floyd reach the space station, they find it largely deserted. There are two living things on board: an ostrich and an Arcturian balloon creature, both apparently in perfect health. There are plenty of automated devices. It is unclear where the people have gone. The mechanical hull welders also seem intent on inflicting serious harm, which is unusual behavior.

Exploring the deserted complex, there are initially few clues. The station's missing commander audio log can be found, but it provides no solid answers. A ship of unfamiliar design is docked, empty except for an alien skeleton and a strange pedestal that looks like it should hold something but stands empty.

Floyd finds two fellow robots: an intellectual model named Plato and a not-yet-conscious "baby" named Oliver. Plato accompanies Floyd and the player, although his personality slowly changes from mild to sullen to aggressive. It is slowly revealed that every machine still functioning on the space station is hostile towards humans: besides the actively homicidal tendencies of the hull welders, the food dispensers manufacture poisonous food and drinks, and even seemingly harmless devices will explode unless powered down. Before long, Plato attempts to kill the player; Floyd is conflicted between the two friendships but reluctantly destroys the other robot. He moves from sadness over Plato's death to belligerence before disappearing altogether.

A pyramid-shaped artifact devised by the Zeenak race is emitting some sort of energy, the player discovers (thanks to Plato revealing everything upon trying to assassinate the player), and this energy causes anything mechanical to rebel against the human Hunji race. All the people on the space station were killed by the Hunji machinery. Whatever the Zeenak pyramid is, the machines are building countless replicas of it that will be sent to "infect" other installations and similarly take them over. Before the player can put a stop to this, however, Floyd reappears, completely under the evil influence of the Zeenak pyramid. In order to survive, the player has no choice but to kill Floyd. This time, however, the damage is too severe and there is no chance of repair for the robot. After the pyramid is defeated, Oliver finally comes to life, and seems almost to be a reincarnation of the once-childlike and playful Floyd.

Feelies
Infocom was famous for including extra items, called feelies, with each game package. These documents and objects were generally related to the game in some way, and sometimes provided information necessary to complete the game. The feelies in the Stationfall package:
 * Blueprints for a "Gamma-Delta-Gamma Class deep space station" (detailed maps of the space station in which the game is set)
 * Three forms: an HB-56-V Class Three Spacecraft Activation form, a JZ-59-G Robot Use Authorization form, and a QX-17-T Assignment Completion form (which also contained "Astrogator navigational data" needed to reach the space station)
 * A Stellar Patrol patch for the rank of Lieutenant First Class

Reception
Charles Ardai of Computer Gaming World called Stationfall "a worthy successor", stating that it had its predecessor's wit and interesting story.

In a review for "Amstrad Action", the reviewer gave Stationfall a 90 out of 100, stating "To some extent (and with the notable exception of Hitchhikers) Meretzky's games are traditional adventures in the sense that they place a lot of emphasis on exploration, discovery and puzzle-solving. The spice is added by Meretzky's inimitable humour."

title: Stationfall


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Talk:Dead time

Note to editors: I plan a rehaul of this article in the very near future. If you plan on making significant edits please contact me on my talk page before editing. — oo64eva (AJ) (U @ 14:55, Apr 15, 2005 (UTC)

This article should be about dead time in general, about any process. --Thydzik 06:28, 14 August 2006 (UTC)

Paralize
This article uses "paralizable", but wiktionary prefers paralysable, and the major reference for this article (Leo) uses "paralyzable", which is also the clear winner according to Google. I have left the spelling as is for now, since the major dictionaries I quickly looked at do not have the word, and I am not familiar with wiktionary etiquette for handling poorly established spellings. David C Bailey (talk) 09:01, 20 November 2011 (UTC)
 * I have replaced all instances with "paralyzable" for now (I suspect the difference between "paralyse" and "paralyze" comes down to English/American English). It seems to have the most support in peer-reviewed articles and I can only find this on one or two personal websites. In any case it seems like the most logical origin for the word in this context. --  Newty   16:19, 9 April 2012 (UTC)

Other uses
This is commonly used in motor control. When a phase changes, the electro-magnets will reverse polarity. You can not connect the drive transistors together and need to let the motor briefly coast through this portion. The time that the motors are undriven (commutation) is often called dead time. In control systems, there is often a delay between actuation of an element and when the physicals action happens. This is not modelled by classical PDE analysis. However, structures like a PID can handle this type of dead time without modification, but parameter tuning must take into account this 'dead time'. Example search FODT control, which is common for thermal systems. Finally, the 'dead time' can be in a signal. For instance, it is common in audio to refer to silence as 'dead time'. So an inactive signal can be referred to as 'dead time'. There are obvious parallels to the motor commutations. This seems to be the thrust of what Thydzik is saying; the article is referring to 'system dead time' (and mainly composed for special applications that are only of note to a physicist, when it is much more generic) 66.244.255.122 (talk) 18:06, 8 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dead time


text: User talk:207.68.36.13

title: User talk:207.68.36.13