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Talk:Nashville, Chattanooga and St. Louis Railway

Untitled
I have moved the article to the 'Railway' name, as that appears to have been the official name. Go to (compiled from Poor's and Moody's manuals) and type in "Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis". --SPUI (talk) 13:49, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Greg Asche Needs To Contact Me
To Greg Asche - since you appear to be somewhat touchy about someone improving upon your handiwork, you might want to consider the fact that I am the author of TWO copyrighted history books about this particular railroad.

Not to be snotty, but I'll be happy to go toe to toe with you or anyone else about the history of this railroad. You were materially off on several salient points and that is why I edited your page. Additionally the link you gave for that L&N/NC&StL Yahoo Group is laughable because it really is an L&N list and not an NC list - there are three separate NC-only lists.

My grandfather worked for the NC&StL for 43 years and use to run #576 between Atlanta and Chattanooga on the Atlanta Division.

So google my name "Dain Schult" and I believe you'll see that I have the chops to make the edits I did. I am the President of the NC&StL Preservation Society, Inc. You can find out more information about the Society, 576, my books and everything else at www.ncstl.com.

If you care to pursue this further, you can reach me at dstrr@aol.com. I didn't mean to step on your toes, but I am ever vigilent to keep the memory of the NC&StL alive and the facts straight.

Dain Schult, President, NCPS

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Nashville and St. Louis Railway
Not sure where this fits in but in reading the history I find no reference to the Nashville and Cumberland RR. I have a gold pocket watch inscribed with Edward G Connette then President dated March 1900. In addition to the RR inscribed on the inside cover there is also additionally shown "Electric Light & Power Co. as given by the employees on his retirement. It was passed to me by my step father over 60 years ago. Tcconnette (talk) 21:13, 3 June 2024 (UTC)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Moleed

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 07:07, May 2, 2005 (UTC)

Moleed
I'm sorry, I don't see any evidence that this is important. It's one part of a single routine by a stand-up comedian we don't have an article for. CDC  (talk)  13:49, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Not to be insulting, but pointing out mathematical quasi-factoids sounds like a pretty lame excuse for a stand-up act. What, did the monologue on long-division not play well in Peoria?  Was the screed on floating-point to integer conversion a washout in Walla-Walla?  Has the routine on topological transormation tanked with tossing tomatoes in Tallahassee?  In any case, thouroughly trivial/non-notable. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  14:22, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: The base ten number system is a deliberate raping of children's minds. --SPUI (talk) 15:08, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep: I wrote this article after reading the article on numerology and remembering this routine from the late 80s. It was my first article, and I thought that I was following proper procedure, but if not, I apologize.  After all, Jeff Foxworthy's redneck routine is mentioned in the redneck article ... is my article best suited to be placed elsewhere? Seinfreak37 17:25, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Jeff Foxworthy is a standup comedian of national fame whose whole career has, to my knowledge, been based on his "redneck routine".  Does this comedian have that sort of notability? -- Antaeus Feldspar 21:16, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Here's what I suggest: Since Charles Fleischer has not been created yet, someone should start that article, then merge Moleed into it. Zzyzx11 | Talk 19:08, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable.  This is supposed to be funny?  RickK 22:46, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * I think this is like that "random" comedy stuff that's become popular of late. Like how Ali G suddenly asks a guest if they dial for a hooker when their wife's not available. But it's different to that so I don't really know. Maybe if it was read to me in a funny way, I'd laugh. Maybe if they offered free popcorn too... Master Thief Garrett 02:48, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Don't redirect to the man himself, there aren't enough results for him, and most Google results are for a same-name actor. If anything, the actor is more deserving of the core namespace. Master Thief Garrett 02:48, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Moleed


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RollerCoaster Tycoon 2

RollerCoaster Tycoon 2 is a 2002 construction and management simulation game developed by Chris Sawyer and published by Infogrames Interactive. Released for Windows as the sequel to RollerCoaster Tycoon, the game simulates the management of amusement parks.

The features and expansions were ported to RollerCoaster Tycoon Classic in 2017. OpenRCT2, an open-source game engine recreation, was first released in 2015.

Gameplay
In RollerCoaster Tycoon 2, players manage amusement parks and attempt to meet various goals to complete assigned scenarios. The game retains the isometric perspective of its predecessor, allowing for high compatibility with amusement parks made in the previous game. Various attractions, including transport rides, gentle rides, thrill rides, roller coasters, water rides, and shops or stalls, can be added to the parks as well as landscaping and decorations. The player satisfies park visitors' needs by building facilities and services such as food stalls, bathrooms, souvenir shops, ATMs, and information kiosks, as well as by hiring staff. The player must simultaneously balance the park's expenses and income.

One notable difference from RollerCoaster Tycoon is a more robust system for building structures, in which one can lay each piece of wall and roof individually. The game provides greater flexibility by allowing pieces of scenery, rides, and other structures to be placed at varying heights above and below ground. The mechanics in the predecessor made custom building construction less efficient, and rides and shops previously could not be built at varying elevations; in that game, only rides that had tracks could be built underground, since the first section of any ride had to be placed above ground. Many of the rides from the original RollerCoaster Tycoon have been modified and/or renamed. Some old ride designs have been merged with others.

User-created scenery items make a debut in this title. The 'bulldozer' allows the player to remove multiple pieces of scenery instead of only one piece at a time. A scenario editor is introduced, which allows players to create their own scenarios, creating the landscape, setting objectives, and selecting available rides and scenery. Players can make and test their own roller coasters to save them for use in other levels with the Roller Coaster Designer, and the game includes a licensed promotion by Six Flags to include their own content and scenarios based on five of their amusement park branches, including Magic Mountain, Great Adventure, and Over Texas. Walibi Holland and Walibi Belgium were also under the Six Flags brands during development and were also included. Many popular rides in Six Flags amusement parks can be used in other scenarios, but are locked from editing. The game also contains a variety of new themes and music for attractions. Guests' AI was improved from the original game, allowing for the creation of more complex paved areas.

All of the scenarios in RollerCoaster Tycoon 2 are available at first launch (which contrasts RollerCoaster Tycoon's unlocking system), and they are divided into five folder tabs: Beginner, Challenging, Expert, Real, and Other parks. The 'Real' tab contains the Six Flags parks preconstructed, while the 'Other' tab contains their empty versions. When creating a scenario, the player can save to any of the tabs. As with the previous game, players could upload their saved track designs onto the now-defunct 'Ride Exchange.' Track designs from both games can later be imported into RollerCoaster Tycoon 3, where they are no longer locked to the isometric views.

Development
RollerCoaster Tycoon 2 was developed by Chris Sawyer, who designed and programmed the game entirely by himself in x86 assembly language. Some parts of the game were based on efforts to develop a new version of Transport Tycoon, which Sawyer had been working on as early as 1996. The game was published by Infogrames and released on October 15, 2002.

Expansion packs
Much like with the first game, two expansion packs were released for Roller Coaster Tycoon 2, which included new rides, facilities, and scenarios. Each pack was based around themes and didn't have any involvement from the series' creator Chris Sawyer. Instead, both expansions were developed by Frontier Developments, who developed the Xbox port of the original game, and would go on to develop the entirety of RollerCoaster Tycoon 3 and its spiritual successor, Planet Coaster.
 * The first pack, Wacky Worlds, was released in May 2003. This expansion focused on parks based in different countries around the world, including cultural heritage.
 * The second pack, Time Twister, was released in November 2003. This expansion focused on parks based around different time periods.

Re-releases and compilations
In November 2003, to go alongside the release of Time Twister, Atari released RollerCoaster Tycoon 2: Combo Park Pack, which was a boxed compilation of the base game and Wacky Worlds on separate discs. In Europe, this was known as RollerCoaster Tycoon 2: Gold Edition.

In October 2004, a second major compilation - RollerCoaster Tycoon 2: Triple Thrill Pack, was released, containing the base game and both expansions on a single disc. In Europe, this was known as RollerCoaster Tycoon 2: Deluxe Edition, however, this version was released on separate discs. Although later reissues would include a single disc.

The Triple Thrill Pack was later released on digital distribution platforms such as GOG.com and Steam. In July 2014, these versions were updated to include European language localizations, which were previously available as separate retail versions.

Reception
Dan Adams of IGN gave Roller Coaster Tycoon 2 an 8/10, praising the game for the addition of the scenario and ride editor, as well as worth in value. Brett Todd of GameSpot gave it a 7/10, praising the game's for the "more depth" audio and its new editors, but criticized the game for not addressing many of the issues of the first game. Greg Bemis of TechTV's X-Play praised the game for its improvements in customization but criticized the game for a lack of a sandbox mode. Martin Taylor of Eurogamer praised the game for its inclusion of scenarios based on actual Six Flags parks but criticized the game's outdated graphics, contrasting it to SimCity 4. Taylor also criticized the scenario editor for its outdated tools, preferring that it would have been given away for free for the first game.

A major criticism for RollerCoaster Tycoon 2 at the time of its release was that the game engine and interface were almost identical to the first game, with minor improvements in graphics, such as more images for coaster cars, allowing for smoother animations. Dana Jongewaard of Computer Gaming World suggested that the game needed "consistent back buttons for the interface" that would "save a lot of time that's spent closing and reopening windows" and stated that "a shift from 2D to 3D would have been a great way to showcase these new coasters."

RollerCoaster Tycoon 2 was a runner-up for GameSpot's 2002 "Most Disappointing Game on PC" award, which went to Civilization III: Play the World.

Sales
Before the release of RollerCoaster Tycoon 2, global sales of the RollerCoaster Tycoon series had surpassed 6 million units, including more than 4 million units in North America. This success led Dan Adams of IGN to call the sequel "basically a foregone conclusion". The series' combined sales—including those of RollerCoaster Tycoon 2, Wacky Worlds and Time Twister—rose to 7 million copies by April 2004. The NPD Group declared Rollercoaster Tycoon 2 the 10th-best-selling computer game of 2002, and the 12th-best-selling of 2003.

In the United States, RollerCoaster Tycoon 2 sold 940,000 copies and earned $21.6 million by August 2006. Edge ranked it as the country's eighth best-selling computer game released between January 2000 and August 2006, and as the country's best-selling RollerCoaster Tycoon game released in that period. RollerCoaster Tycoon 2 also received a "Gold" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 200,000 copies in the United Kingdom.

Legacy
RollerCoaster Tycoon 2 has been called the best game in the series by several publications.

Several user-created rollercoasters received media attention after footage of them were posted on various imageboards and social media.

The RollerCoaster Tycoon series spawned a popular Internet meme based on a series of posts made in 2012 on 4chan featuring a slow, 30,696 foot ghost train track ride made in RCT2 called "Mr. Bones' Wild Ride" that took four in-game years to complete, leading the passengers in the game to express "I want to get off Mr. Bones Wild Ride". At the ride's conclusion, while the passengers were being guided back to the entrance to the ride, they were then greeted by a skeleton prop with a top hat, with a sign stating "The ride never ends". Both phrases have become popular memes.

Parkitect, a 2018 amusement park management game, has been compared to RollerCoaster Tycoon 2.

OpenRCT2
In April 2014, an open-source software project, OpenRCT2, was launched to enhance the gameplay of RollerCoaster Tycoon 2, including fixing bugs and allowing the game to run natively on macOS and Linux. The project replicates RollerCoaster Tycoon 2's gameplay with alterations such as support for high-definition resolutions, the substantial raising of software limitations on parks, and improved pathfinding. The port features UI themes, fast forwarding, pausing, enhanced localization, OpenGL hardware rendering, additional cheat codes, autosaving, larger screenshots, and additional ride types.

The project began as a solo endeavour by the software developer Ted John, but has since had over 250 contributors improve the game. In order to create an accurate clone, the game was incrementally reverse engineered and re-written in the C programming language.

title: RollerCoaster Tycoon 2


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Candle in the Wind 1997

"Candle in the Wind 1997", also known as "Goodbye England's Rose" and "Candle in the Wind '97", is a threnody by English musician Elton John and songwriter Bernie Taupin, a re-written and re-recorded version of their 1973 song "Candle in the Wind". It was released on 13 September 1997 as a tribute single to Diana, Princess of Wales, with the global proceeds from the song going towards Diana's charities. In many countries, it was pressed as a double A-side with "Something About the Way You Look Tonight". It was produced by Sir George Martin.

After being released, "Candle in the Wind 1997" entered at number one in the UK Singles Chart after only one day of sales, John's fourth UK number-one single, and became the best-selling single in UK chart history. In October it became John's ninth (and final) US number-one single, where it topped the Billboard Hot 100 for 14 weeks (and John's final top 40 hit as a solo artist), and is the best-selling single in Billboard history; it was the first single certified Diamond in the US. The song also topped the German Singles Chart for seven weeks, the Australian Singles Chart for six weeks, and many other music charts around the world. According to the Guinness Book of Records, "Candle in the Wind 1997" is the second highest-selling physical single of all time (behind Bing Crosby's "White Christmas" from 1942), and is the highest-selling single since charts began in the 1950s.

The 1997 version won John the Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 40th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1998. At the 1998 Brit Awards the song was nominated for the Brit Award for Best British Single. The lyrics of the earlier version of "Candle in the Wind", also written by Taupin, were a tribute to Marilyn Monroe. The opening lines of the 1973 version, "Goodbye Norma Jean / though I never knew you at all", were adapted to "Goodbye England's rose / May you ever grow in our hearts". Most of the lyrics were adapted to suit the circumstances of Diana's life and death.

Background
On 31 August 1997, Diana, Princess of Wales, died in a car crash in Paris, France. The news shocked John, as he and the Princess were very good friends. A month earlier, he had also lost another good friend, fashion designer Gianni Versace. Pictures depicting Diana appearing to console a distraught John at Versace's funeral were featured prominently in news coverage throughout the world.

To cope with the grief, John wanted to pay a tribute to Diana. In his autobiography, Me, John says he had a phone call from Richard Branson who said that many of those writing in the book of condolence at St James's Palace were quoting the lyrics of "Candle in the Wind". Branson asked John if he would rewrite the lyrics and sing them at the funeral. John believed that Branson had been contacted by the Spencer family. John contacted his songwriting partner Bernie Taupin, asking him to revise the lyrics of their 1973 song "Candle in the Wind" to honour her. George Martin was contacted to help produce the song, and added a string quartet (Peter Manning, Keith Pascoe, Levine Andrade, and Andrew Shulman), and woodwind (Pippa Davies, flute and oboe) to help balance the recording. It was recorded at Townhouse Studios in West London, immediately following the funeral.

John publicly performed "Candle in the Wind 1997" only once, at the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales, in Westminster Abbey on 6 September 1997. He continues to sing the original version of the song at his concerts but has repeatedly turned down requests to perform the revised version, even for the memorial Concert for Diana in July 2007, having vowed never to perform it again unless asked by Diana's sons. The song has never been released (or re-released) on any of his other albums or compilations, not even his 1997 album The Big Picture, nor the 1997 Diana, Princess of Wales: Tribute album (an official 2-CD release sanctioned by Diana's family that included other artists such as Barbra Streisand, Eric Clapton, Paul McCartney, Queen, Celine Dion, and Rod Stewart). The song was included on Diana, Princess of Wales: The BBC Recording of the Funeral Service. The soundtrack was released on 30 September 1997.

Chart performance
"Candle in the Wind 1997" became the fastest-selling single in the UK, selling 658,000 copies on its first day of release and over 1.5 million in its first week. The song debuted at number one on the UK Singles Chart the day after its release on 13 September 1997, staying at number one for five weeks and becoming the best-selling song in the UK, overtaking the 13-year-old record held by Band Aid's "Do They Know It's Christmas?" It has been certified as the best-selling single of all time in the UK, and has sold 4.94 million copies in the UK as of September 2017.

The chart success in the US was similar. Released on 23 September 1997, "Candle in the Wind 1997" debuted at number one on the Billboard Hot 100, with first week sales at 3.5 million copies. The single stayed at the top for the Hot 100 for 14 consecutive weeks (until 17 January 1998), a record for a male solo artist. At first, Billboard listed "Candle in the Wind 1997" before "Something About the Way You Look Tonight" on its sales charts, but once airplay points for "Candle" had fallen below "Something" on 1 November 1997, the latter song took first position as per new chart rules regarding double A-side releases that took effect in March 1997. The single has sold 8,839,000 physical copies in the United States according to Nielsen SoundScan. Billboard ranked it as the number-one song for 1997 despite being on the chart for only eight weeks in the chart year, and it was the only number-one debut to top the Year-End Hot 100 until Ed Sheeran's "Shape of You" in 2017. It was on the chart for 35 more weeks, making it the number-eight song of 1998 and one of only five songs in the history of the chart to be ranked on the top ten of two separate Hot 100-year-end charts, along with Chubby Checker's "The Twist", LeAnn Rimes' "How Do I Live", The Chainsmokers’ “Closer” and The Weeknd’s “Blinding Lights”. The best-selling single in Billboard history, and the only single ever certified Diamond in the United States at the time, the single shipped over 11 million copies in the US. The solo number-one single broke Elton John's "Kiki jinx". After five number-one solo hits in America in the 1970s, John hit number one in a duet with Kiki Dee with 1976's "Don't Go Breaking My Heart". From then until "Candle in the Wind 1997", John did not record a number-one single by himself and only had two chart toppers altogether, collaborating with other artists. "Candle in the Wind 1997" was also the only number-one song in the year-end to be number one the year after. (1997 year-end, and it was number one for the first two weeks of 1998.)

On the Canadian Singles Chart, "Candle in the Wind 1997" / "Something About the Way You Look Tonight" spent three years in the top 20, with 45 non-consecutive weeks at the top spot. However, the song's unusual chart performance in Canada has also been explained as a structural factor, due to the relative lack of CD singles available for sale in Canadian stores. On Canada's RPM Top Singles chart, neither song made it to the top spot, with "Candle" reaching number 14 and "Something" peaking at number 13 and spending a much longer amount of time in the top 20. In Germany, the song is the 8th best selling pop hymn ever. Having spent six weeks at number one on the ARIA Charts, "Candle in the Wind 1997" is one of the all-time best-selling singles in Australia, being certified 14 times platinum with 56 weeks in the Top 100. According to Musiikkituottajat, the Finnish music industry federation, "Candle in the Wind 1997" is the best-selling single of all time in Finland, with quintuple-platinum sales of over 54,000 copies to date.

"Candle in the wind" had 150,000 preorders in Netherlands, 2 million in Germany and 250,000 in France. In Australia it had 400,000 preorders and in Germany it had 2 million preorders ahead of its September 13 issue. In France the single was released September 11, and following day it reached a platinum status with 500,000 sales.

It is estimated that at the peak of sales, almost six copies of the single were sold per second. In the UK, the single grabbed the number one slot on the first day of its release, with more than 650,000 copies sold in 24 hours, becoming the fastest-selling record of all time in the UK charts. All artist and composer royalties and record company profits were donated to Diana's charities via the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund.

All time sales ranking
The song has sold over 33 million copies worldwide. Some have pointed out, the sales (of over 30 million) were "shipped"; achieved in about 37 days.

"Candle in the Wind 1997" is either the best-selling or the second best-selling single worldwide of all time. The confusion and debate on whether John's record is or is not the best-selling single in the world is due to a lack of information on sales for the record's main contender for the number-one spot, Bing Crosby's recording of "White Christmas," because Crosby's recording was released before the advent of the modern-day US and UK singles charts. However, after careful research, Guinness World Records in 2007 concluded that, worldwide, Crosby's recording of "White Christmas" has, in their estimation, sold at least 50 million copies, and that John's recording of "Candle in the Wind" has sold 33 million, making Crosby's recording the best-selling single of all time. However, an update in the 2009 edition of the book decided to further help settle the controversy amicably by naming both John's and Crosby's songs to be "winners" by stating that John's recording is the "best-selling single since UK and US singles charts began in the 1950s," while maintaining that "the best-selling single of all time was released before the first pop charts," and that this distinction belongs to "White Christmas," which it says "was listed as the world's best-selling single in the first-ever Guinness Book of Records (published in 1955) and – remarkably – still retains the title more than 50 years later."

Cover versions
In 1997 La Bouche covered "Candle in the Wind 1997" as a bonus track on their album A Moment of Love.

title: Candle in the Wind 1997


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Candle in the Wind

"Candle in the Wind" is a threnody style ballad written by English musician Elton John and songwriter Bernie Taupin, and performed by John. It was originally written in 1973, in honour of Marilyn Monroe, who had died 11 years earlier.

In 1997, John performed a rewritten version of the song, "Candle in the Wind 1997", as a tribute to Diana, Princess of Wales. In 2004, Rolling Stone Magazine listed the original version of the song at No. 347 of its 500 greatest songs of all time.

Original version
The original version, which is in the key of E major appeared on John's 1973 album Goodbye Yellow Brick Road and was released as a single in 1974. The lyrics of the song are a sympathetic portrayal of the life of Marilyn Monroe. The song's opening line "Goodbye, Norma Jean" refers to Monroe's real name, Norma Jeane (more commonly spelled Jean) Baker. Taupin was inspired to write the lyrics after hearing the phrase "candle in the wind" used by Clive Davis in tribute to Janis Joplin: "I just kept hearing this term [and] I thought, what a great way of describing someone’s life".

In the Eagle Vision Classic Albums documentary on the making of Goodbye Yellow Brick Road, Taupin said the song is about "the idea of fame or youth or somebody being cut short in the prime of their life. The song could have been about James Dean, it could have been about Montgomery Clift, it could have been about Jim Morrison ... how we glamorise death, how we immortalise people." Taupin has noted that the theory about him being a "rabid Marilyn Monroe fanatic" has been a common misconception: "It's not that I didn't have respect for her. It's just that the song could just as easily have been about James Dean or Jim Morrison, Kurt Cobain, Sylvia Plath, Virginia Woolf. I mean, basically, anybody, any writer, actor, actress, or musician who died young and sort of became this iconic picture of Dorian Gray, that thing where they simply stopped aging. It's a beauty frozen in time."

In an interview with Rolling Stone in 2014, Taupin disputed the implication that he was a Monroe fan: "She is absolutely not someone I admired a lot as a kid or anything. She was just a metaphor for fame and dying young, and people sort of overdoing the indulgence, and those that do die young". On the song itself, he stated: "I think it's one of the best marriages of lyric and melody that Elton and I have ever put together. But it doesn't change the fact that I wasn't particularly enamored by Marilyn Monroe."

The single release of the original song reached No. 11 in the UK charts in 1974. At the time, it was not released as a single in the United States as "Bennie and the Jets" was chosen instead.

Legacy
This version was ranked No. 347 on Rolling Stone's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time in 2004. In 2010, the ranking dropped to No. 356.

During a concert on 7 April 1990 at Farm Aid IV, John dedicated the song to Ryan White, who had been suffering from AIDS. White died of AIDS complications the next day. John performed the song "Skyline Pigeon" at White's funeral.

Personnel

 * Elton John – piano, lead vocals
 * Davey Johnstone – electric guitar, acoustic guitar, backing vocals
 * Dee Murray – bass guitar, backing vocals
 * Nigel Olsson – drums, backing vocals

1986 live version

On 14 December 1986, a live version of the song was recorded in Sydney, Australia. This version features only Elton John backing himself on the piano, and atmospheric keyboard textures and bass pedals, which were played by John via MIDI and keyboardist Fred Mandel. It was released in 1987 on the album Live in Australia with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra and as a single.

In 1988, it reached number five on the UK Singles Chart and number six on the US Billboard Hot 100 making a return for John to chart inside the Top 40 in both countries after "Heartache All Over the World" and "Slow Rivers", two of his singles from his 20th album in 1986, Leather Jackets failed to reach the top 40 in either country.

Despite problems with his vocal cords at the time, the performance also earned John a Grammy nomination in 1988 for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance.

Accolades
Grammy Awards

 * style="width:35px; text-align:center;" |1988 || | "Candle in the Wind (live 1986)" || Best Pop Vocal Performance – Male || Nominated
 * style="width:35px; text-align:center;" |1988 || | "Candle in the Wind (live 1986)" || Best Pop Vocal Performance – Male || Nominated

Personnel

 * Elton John: Lead vocals, Piano
 * Fred Mandel: Keyboards

1997 version
"Candle in the Wind 1997" or "Goodbye England's Rose" was a new recording of "Candle in the Wind", with new lyrics, written and recorded as a tribute to Diana, Princess of Wales who had died in an auto crash on 31 August 1997. Released in September 1997, the song peaked at No. 1 in the United Kingdom, becoming John's fourth No. 1 single. It also peaked at No. 1 in several other countries. This version was produced by George Martin. Guinness World Records lists this version as the second-best selling single in the world, with 33 million copies sold and as the highest-selling single since charts began in the 1950s.

2003 acoustic remix
Using the same vocal take as the original 1973 recording, engineer Greg Penny stripped away all instrumentation except Davey Johnstone's acoustic guitar. Even the double-tracking of the lead vocal was removed, leaving Elton and the original backing vocal arrangement of Dee Murray, Nigel Olsson and Davey Johnstone. The remix first appeared as a bonus track on the 30th Anniversary edition of Goodbye Yellow Brick Road and subsequently on the 2003 EP Remixed.

Live performances
From its release until in 1984, John heavily performed this song with his band. From 1985 onwards, John played it solo mostly at the encore of his concerts and he rarely played this song with the band since then.

title: Candle in the Wind


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Mathieu Schneider

Mathieu David Schneider (born June 12, 1969) is an American former professional ice hockey player. Considered an offensive defenseman, Schneider played 1,289 games in the National Hockey League with ten different teams, scoring 233 goals and totaling 743 points. He won the Stanley Cup in 1993 with the Montreal Canadiens.

Early years
Schneider, who is Jewish, was born in Manhattan, New York, the first of two sons born to Sam and Aline Schneider. His father is Jewish and his mother, a French-Canadian from Thetford Mines, Quebec, converted to Judaism before marrying his father. He lived with his family in West New York, New Jersey until moving to Woonsocket, Rhode Island, for his high school years. In Woonsocket, Schneider attended high school at Mount Saint Charles Academy. Under the tutelage of coach Normand "Bill" Belisle, Schneider and his team won three of the school's 26 straight Rhode Island state hockey championships. He left Mount Saint Charles after his junior year and joined the Cornwall Royals of the Ontario Hockey League.

Playing career
Drafted in the third round of the 1987 NHL Entry Draft, 44th overall, by the Montreal Canadiens, Schneider was the Canadiens' fourth pick (after forwards Andrew Cassels and John LeClair, and fellow defenseman Éric Desjardins). He played his first NHL game a few months later when he suited up on 1987–88 opening night against the Philadelphia Flyers. However, after four games, he was sent back to his junior team (Cornwall Royals) for the rest of the season. He would spend the entirety of 1988–89 with Cornwall before splitting the next season between Montreal and their American Hockey League farm team, the Sherbrooke Canadiens. After being promoted to the Canadiens, he scored seven goals and 21 points in 44 games with Montreal. Schneider earned a full-time NHL roster spot in the 1990–91 season and, two years later, he won the 1993 Stanley Cup with the Canadiens, defeating Wayne Gretzky and the Los Angeles Kings in five games. Following his Stanley Cup victory, Schneider broke out with 52 points in 1993–94, topping all team defensemen. During the 1994–95 season, Schneider was traded to the New York Islanders finishing the season with 29 points in 43 games between the two clubs. In 1995–96, he recorded 47 points in 65 games with the Islanders and appeared in his first NHL All-Star Game (1996), before being traded in March 1996 to the Toronto Maple Leafs (along with Toronto fan-favorite Wendel Clark) in exchange for three players and a first-round selection in the 1997 NHL Entry Draft (eventually Roberto Luongo). He finished the year with 54 points in 78 games between the two clubs.

Prior to the 1996–97 season, Schneider was a member of the 1996 World Cup champion Team USA squad. It was his high point for the season as he suffered a serious groin injury and was lost for the majority of the season, playing only 26 games. He returned to the Leafs from his injury the following season and tallied 37 points in 76 games. He was a contract hold-out as a restricted free agent prior to the 1998–99 season, reportedly seeking a $3.3 million salary with the Maple Leafs. Consequently, a few games into the season, the Maple Leafs traded him to the New York Rangers where he then signed a one-year, $2.75 million contract. Born in Manhattan, Schneider stated his excitement to be playing for his hometown team. In two seasons with the Rangers he accumulated 34, then 30 points.

Schneider was left unprotected in the 2000 NHL Expansion Draft and he was chosen by the Columbus Blue Jackets. However, he was never signed by the Blue Jackets and, less than a month later, Schneider signed with the Los Angeles Kings. In his first season with the Kings, Schneider tallied 51 points in 73 games, his highest total since his 52-point season with the Canadiens in 1993–94. As the Kings played into the second round of the 2001 playoffs, Schneider matched a career-high 9 points in 13 playoff games.

After appearing in his second All-Star Game in 2003, Schneider was dealt at the trade deadline to the Detroit Red Wings for two players and two draft picks. The Kings had shopped Schneider around as he was set to become an unrestricted free agent at the end of the season. With the development of offensive-minded defensemen Joe Corvo and Lubomir Visnovsky, Schneider was considered replaceable by the Kings. Although the Red Wings had traded for Schneider as a rental player to bolster their Stanley Cup run, they were upset in the first round by the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. Schneider finished the season with 16 goals and 50 points between the Kings and Red Wings.

Schneider was re-signed by Detroit in the off-season to a two-year deal and he eventually played another three seasons with the Red Wings that included a career-high 21 goals and 59 points in 2005–06. He played his 1,000th NHL game against the Anaheim Ducks on October 21 of that same season and scored his 200th NHL goal on March 6, 2007, against the Nashville Predators.

Following the 2006–07 season, Schneider became an unrestricted free agent and he signed a two-year, $11.25 million deal with the Anaheim Ducks. The Ducks had pursued Schneider in lieu of Norris Trophy-winner and team captain Scott Niedermayer's expected retirement (although Niedermayer returned to the Ducks later in the season). By signing with the Ducks, he missed a chance for another Stanley Cup, arriving in Anaheim the same year that Detroit won the 2008 Stanley Cup championship and a year after the Ducks' 2007 Stanley Cup victory. Schneider did not debut with the Ducks until a couple months into the season, as he sustained a broken ankle in a pre-season game against the Los Angeles Kings. In his only season with the Ducks, he tallied 39 points in 65 games, second among Ducks' defensemen.

As the 2008–09 season approached, the Ducks looked to free up cap space in order to re-sign Teemu Selänne. With All-Star defensemen Chris Pronger and Scott Niedermayer ahead of him on the depth chart, Schneider was placed on waivers, but cleared. The Ducks instead traded him to the Atlanta Thrashers on September 26, 2008, in exchange for three players. However, Schneider did not remain with the Thrashers for the whole season. He was traded back to the Montreal Canadiens in February 2009 for two draft choices.

On August 28, 2009, the Vancouver Canucks signed Schneider to a one-year, $1.55 million contract. The deal included a $1 million signing bonus (making his base salary $550,000), dispersed throughout the season over four equal payments. After having undergone off-season shoulder surgery, Schneider missed the first 10 games of the 2009–10 season and made his Canucks debut on October 25 in a 2–0 win against the Edmonton Oilers. He was playing primarily as a depth defenseman and on December 20, he left the team due to a reported dispute about his playing time. Following his debut for the Canucks, he was a healthy scratch 11 times in 28 games. The Canucks explained his absence as a "personal matter", while general manager Mike Gillis reportedly tried to trade Schneider.

On December 29, 2009, Schneider was waived by the Vancouver Canucks. After clearing waivers, he reported to the Canucks' AHL affiliate, the Manitoba Moose on January 2, 2010. On March 3, 2010, Schneider was traded from the Vancouver Canucks to the Phoenix Coyotes for Sean Zimmerman and a sixth-round draft pick. At the end of 2010, Schneider officially ended his career as a player.

Schneider appeared as a member of the Red Wings alumni team on December 31, 2013 at Comerica Park against members of the Toronto Maple Leafs alumni.

NHLPA career
Shortly after announcing his retirement, Schneider became involved with the National Hockey League Players' Association as a special assistant. His first significant project with the NHLPA has been adjustments to the head-shot and boarding rules, alongside former Red Wings teammate Brendan Shanahan. As of 2018, he was a special assistant to now-former NHLPA executive director Don Fehr.

International play
Schneider first played for the United States in the 1988 World Junior Championships, tallying 2 assists as the U.S. finished in sixth place. He made his senior international debut at the 1996 World Cup, where the U.S. won the tournament in a three-game final over Canada. Schneider scored 2 goals in 7 games.

Two years later, in 1998, he was selected to join the U.S. team at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. He failed to register a point as the U.S. finished a disappointing sixth. A serious groin/abdominal injury kept Schneider from consideration for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, and, although he was chosen to his second World Cup tournament in 2004, he pulled out of the games due to a lack of insurance (he was not signed to an NHL team that summer).

In December 2005, he was selected to represent the U.S. at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin. Despite a two-point performance from Schneider in the quarterfinals, the U.S. was eliminated by Finland.

Personal life
Schneider married his wife, Shannon, in 1999, and has 4 children, Mathieu Jr, Abigail, Micah, and Ella. Manhattan Beach, California. Schneider was one of a handful of Jewish players in the NHL.

Awards

 * Member of one Stanley Cup winning team: 1993 with the Montreal Canadiens
 * NHL Playoffs Best Plus/Minus by Defenseman (+10): 1993
 * Selected to two NHL All-Star Games: 1996, 2003
 * Won the World Cup with Team USA in 1996
 * Inducted into the Southern California Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 2003
 * NHL Most Goals by Defenseman (21): 2006
 * Inducted into the International Jewish Sports Hall of Fame in 2014
 * Inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 2015
 * Inducted into the Rhode Island Hockey Hall of Fame in 2018

Transactions

 * 1987 NHL Entry Draft – Selected by the Montreal Canadiens in the third round, 44th overall.
 * April 5, 1995 – Traded by the Montreal Canadiens, along with Kirk Muller and Craig Darby, to the New York Islanders in exchange for Pierre Turgeon and Vladimir Malakhov.
 * March 13, 1996 – Traded by the New York Islanders, along with Wendel Clark and D.J. Smith, to the Toronto Maple Leafs in exchange for Darby Hendrickson, Sean Haggerty, Kenny Jönsson and Toronto's first-round draft choice (Roberto Luongo) in 1997.
 * October 14, 1998 – Rights traded by the Toronto Maple Leafs to the New York Rangers in exchange for Alexander Karpovtsev and New York's fourth-round draft choice in 1999; signs one-year, $2.75 million contract with the New York Rangers.
 * June 23, 2000 – Claimed by the Columbus Blue Jackets from the New York Rangers in the 2000 NHL Expansion Draft.
 * August 14, 2000 – Signed as a free agent with the Los Angeles Kings.
 * March 11, 2003 – Traded by the Los Angeles Kings to the Detroit Red Wings in exchange for Sean Avery, Maxim Kuznetsov, Detroit's 2003 first-round draft choice and Detroit's 2004 second-round draft choice.
 * July 1, 2007 – Signed as a free agent with the Anaheim Ducks to a two-year, $11.25 million contract.
 * September 26, 2008 – Traded by the Anaheim Ducks to the Atlanta Thrashers in exchange for Ken Klee, Brad Larsen and Chad Painchaud.
 * February 16, 2009 – Traded by the Atlanta Thrashers to the Montreal Canadiens in exchange for Montreal's second-round draft choice in 2009 and third-round draft choice in 2010.
 * August 28, 2009 – Signed as a free agent with the Vancouver Canucks to a one-year, $1.5 million contract.
 * March 3, 2010 – Traded to the Phoenix Coyotes for Sean Zimmerman and a conditional sixth round pick in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft

title: Mathieu Schneider


text: Template:Amphoe Tak

title: Template:Amphoe Tak


text:
User:-ts-

my normal hangout: http://peace.wikicities.com/wiki/User:-ts-

T.Stiemsma Nuclear Reactor Operator Reactor and Engineering Dept USS_Enterprise_%28CVN-65%29 Nov 1970 - Dec 1973

Special characters
À Á Â Ã Ä Å Æ Ç È É Ê Ë Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù Ú Û Ü ß à á â ã ä å æ ç è é ê ë ì í î ï ñ ò ó ô õ ö ø ù ú û ü ÿ

title: User:-ts-


text:
File:Banquetepcover.gif

Summary
Cover for the EP Banquet by Bloc Party.

Fair use rationale for Banquet (Bloc Party EP)
This image, Banquetepcover.gif, is being linked here; though the picture is subject to copyright I (kollision) feel it is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) the image is being used to illustrate the EP in question.
 * 2) no free or public domain alternatives are available for this EP.
 * 3) the image is of lower resolution than the original cover.
 * 4) it does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD EP in any way.
 * 5) the image is being used for informational purposes only.

title: File:Banquetepcover.gif


text:
Bobby Smith (ice hockey)

Robert David Smith (born February 12, 1958) is a Canadian professional ice hockey executive and former player. Smith was the majority owner of the Halifax Mooseheads junior hockey team for twenty years until February 2023. He played for the Minnesota North Stars and Montreal Canadiens in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played in four Stanley Cup Finals and won the 1986 Stanley Cup with the Canadiens. Smith was born in North Sydney, Nova Scotia, but grew up in Ottawa, Ontario.

Playing career
As a junior playing for the Ottawa 67's in the Ontario Major Junior Hockey League (OMJHL) in the 1977–78 season, Smith set league records that still stand more than forty years later for most assists (123) and most points (192) in a single season. The 20 year old Smith beat out 17 year old Wayne Gretzky (182 points) for that year's OMJHL scoring title, while also winning the Red Tilson Trophy as the OMJHL's most outstanding player and was voted the CHL Player of the Year for the entire Canadian Hockey League. He was drafted first overall in the 1978 NHL Amateur Draft by Minnesota, winning the Calder Memorial Trophy in 1979 during his rookie campaign and won the Stanley Cup in 1986 with Montreal.

Smith was formerly the majority owner of the Halifax Mooseheads in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League, also serving as head coach for most of the 2010–11 season. He also served as general manager of the NHL's Phoenix Coyotes from 1996 to 2000.

Achievements and awards

 * OHL Second All Star Team (1976, 1977)
 * Memorial Cup All Star Team (1977)
 * George Parsons Trophy (1977)
 * OHL Most Valuable Player (1978)
 * OHL First All Star Team (1978)
 * OHL Record for Most Assists (123) in a Single Season (1977–78)
 * OHL Record for Most Points (192) in a Single Season (1977–78)
 * OHL Record for Most Power-Play Goals (5) in One Game
 * CHL Player of the Year (1978)
 * NHL Calder Memorial Trophy (1979)
 * NHL Stanley Cup Championship (1986)
 * NHL All Star (1981, 1982, 1989, 1991)

title: Bobby Smith (ice hockey)


text:
San Pedro Department

San Pedro Department may refer to:

In Argentina
 * San Pedro Department, Jujuy
 * San Pedro Department, Misiones

In Ivory Coast
 * San-Pédro Department

In Paraguay
 * San Pedro Department, Paraguay

title: San Pedro Department


text:
Yle Nyheter

Yle Nyheter is the Swedish language online news service of the Finnish national broadcaster Yleisradio (Yle). Generally speaking it is only updated during the daytime hours (i.e. no new stories are added during the night, unless there is an exceptional event). Until August 2007, the service was called Internytt.

title: Yle Nyheter


text:
Ralink

Ralink Technology, Corp. is a Wi-Fi chipset manufacturer mainly known for their IEEE 802.11 (Wireless LAN) chipsets. Ralink was founded in 2001 in Cupertino, California, then moved its headquarters to Hsinchu, Taiwan. On 5 May 2011, Ralink was acquired by MediaTek.

Some of Ralink's 802.11n RT2800 chipsets have been accepted into the Wi-Fi Alliance 802.11n draft 2.0 core technology testbed. They have also been selected in the Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) and Wireless Multimedia Extensions Power Save (WMM-PS) testbeds. Ralink was a participant in the Wi-Fi Alliance and the IEEE 802.11 standards committees. Ralink chipsets are used in various consumer-grade routers made by Gigabyte Technology, Linksys, D-Link, Asus and Belkin, as well as Wi-Fi adaptors for USB, PCI, ExpressCard, PC Card, and PCI Express interfaces. An example of an adapter is the Nintendo Wi-Fi USB Connector which uses the Ralink RT2570 chipset to allow a Nintendo DS or Wii to be internetworked via a home computer.

Operating systems support
Ralink provides some documentation without a non-disclosure agreement. This includes datasheets of their PCI and PCIe chipsets, but for now does not include documentation of their system on a chip used in Wireless routers.

Linux
Drivers for MediaTek Ralink wireless network interface controllers were mainlined into the Linux kernel version 2.6.24. (See Comparison of open-source wireless drivers.) Ralink provides GNU General Public License-licensed (GPL) drivers for the Linux kernel. While Linux drivers for the older RT2500 chipsets are no longer updated by Ralink, these are now being maintained by Serialmonkey's rt2x00 project. Current Ralink chipsets require a firmware to be loaded. Ralink allows the use and redistribution of firmware, but does not allow its modification.

In February 2011 Greg Kroah-Hartman praised Ralink for their change in attitude towards the Linux kernel developer community:

title: Ralink


text:
Michael Vernon

Michael J. Vernon, AM (2 April 1932 – 6 November 1993) was a prominent Australian consumer rights activist. Vernon was born in Portsmouth, United Kingdom in 1932 to John Ernest Vernon (a writer in the Royal Navy) and Caroline Clark Vernon (later a cryptologist in the Royal Navy). In 1955, he emigrated to Australia, where he settled in Canberra. He was a joint founder of Canberra Consumer (a consumer activist group and publisher of a quarterly magazine) in 1962 and served on the Executive of Canberra Consumer until his death in 1993.

He was employed by the Australian National University in 1960 and worked on the dating of Moon rocks returned to Earth by the Apollo missions.

In 1972 he became the manager of the Research School of Earth Sciences, a position he held until 1988. As an early Australian consumer activist, he was best known for his work on improving condom reliability, banning lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) in children's toys and house paint throughout Australia, improving car safety, banning certain pesticides in the Asia-Pacific Region, and stopping the dumping of unsafe products into Third World countries.

He was appointed Chairman of the Australian Capital Territory Consumer Affairs Council in 1973 by the Minister for Territories, Kep Enderby MP and held that position until 1993. He helped establish the Australian Federation of Consumer Organizations (AFCO) (now known as the Consumers' Federation of Australia (CFA)) and with Warren Braren of Consumers Union (USA) he turned the International Organization of Consumer Unions (IOCU) (now known as Consumers International) concept for a worldwide "Consumer Interpol" into a reality. He was a member of the Australian Press Council and held many other positions on Government boards and committees.

Honours
He was made a Member of the Order of Australia in 1985 for services to consumer affairs and was also awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee Medal in 1977, also for services to consumer affairs.

Personal life and death
Vernon married in 1959 to Jeanette Wilkinson; the couple had two children, one of whom is writer David Vernon.

Michael Vernon died, aged 61, from a blood cancer, multiple myeloma, which was attributed to his paid work with radioactive materials at Australia's first major uranium mine in Rum Jungle in the Northern Territory and later at the Australian National University Research School of Physical Sciences and Research School of Earth Sciences.

title: Michael Vernon


text:
Talk:Alternative media

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 9 January 2020 and 18 April 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Aaishwar.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 17:10, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Peer reviewers: Nbuend.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 13:57, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Article merged
Article merged: See old talk-page here

This is very academic and misses the reality of alt-media - alt media is grassroots from the bootem not academic from the top like this article...

this is still a problem on this page

Improving this page
Can we make the introductory definition of alternative media shorter and work more in expanding the subsections? I think we should try to create subsections for the different categories of alternative media (e.g. dissident media, social movement media, ethnic media, indigenous media, community media, subcultural media, and avant-garde media). lombana 30 November, 2010

Do we really need a section on alternative media researchers? What is the criteria for building this list? lombana 30 November, 2010

I have removed the cleanup tag, but more work can be done to improve this page.--Cberlet 17:50, 22 May 2005 (UTC)

how about reference to alternative media research, and introducing books and research on the subject (either in the text or in a further readings list)? Bine maya 08:42, 20 November 2006 (UTC)

I have edited spelling errors and grammatical mistakes. Also found an error in the citation of the Environmental movement sub-section, there is a open-ended quote starting off "ensure.... And the closing of quotation needs to be addressed. Nbuend (talk) 14:20, 16 April 2017 (UTC)

There should be more of current information regarding the progress and impact of alternative media regarding current times of how news in consumed and regulated. Nbuend (talk) 02:43, 18 April 2017 (UTC)

Links
I suspect that at some point we will need to break off the list of links and spawn: etc., etc. Does anyone have a better idea of what to do? We already have and they seem to be working OK, but do we need to stop and think of the Wiki policy issues for these types of pages?--Cberlet 13:57, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Alternative media (U.S. political left)
 * Alternative media (U.S. political right)
 * Alternative media (British political left)
 * Alternative media (British political right)
 * Alternative press (U.S. political left)
 * Alternative press (U.S. political right)

 * I'd like to look into this, too. I dont' think "alternative press" works, since much of the *conservative* alternative media is online and on the radio.  Mitchberg 15:51, 23 July 2006 (UTC)

 * See above: there is "media" and "press" suggested as categories. Press is for print, such as Human Events.

 * What about relatively political realist investigative journalism entities that fit neither left nor right, such as CaspianReport, Newsbud or the Corbett Report? 190.160.130.40 (talk) 18:28, 28 November 2017 (UTC)

What about Wikinews?
How could you forget the house own alternative media ? --Sean Heron 18:57, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

Ehem....
To the 'CrackHeads' who think they are funny, I just want to let you all know that you are nothing more than dispicable little gang-banga wannabes who probably could not even survive out in the streets (and I lived there), and let Jack Blood know that he and Ted Anderson's careers are all OVER because nobody thinks of that stuff as entertaining, let alone informative or ethical. 68.32.201.254 IdeArchon 06:08, 15 October 2006 (UTC)

Quotation
I have just cited two quotations from Mike Gunderloy concerning the alternative press (vs. the underground press, or zines). In the interest of full disclosure, the URL in the citation is my own website. -- Gyrofrog (talk) 23:13, 5 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Actually, now that I've looked I think it is probably better suited for alternative press. I'm moving it there. -- Gyrofrog (talk) 16:55, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

Counter hegemony
I removed this bit:

 * Counter hegemony

For a medium to be considered "alternative", it must possess some kind of counter-hegemonic quality. The counter-hegemony should be represented through at least one of the following parameters:

 * Content – what is being "said"
 * Aesthetical form – the way it is being said
 * Intention – the point of success
 * Organizational structure – how the media are being run
 * Process - the relationship between production and consumption of information

I could find no citation supporting these... however, even if they were to be found, this set of criteria would probably need to be given less focus. Plenty of outlets out there that are both alternative/independent but certainly not counter-hegemonic. Any thoughts? Xavexgoem (talk) 07:55, 16 September 2008 (UTC) Actually, a citation on that would be immensely useful for historical purposes

Consider this (if you are willing to take the time .. not a quick read): http://fuchs.uti.at/wp-content/uploads/altmedia.pdf Kenfree (talk) 22:47, 24 October 2014 (UTC)

Unexplained POV tag
There is a POV cleanup tag on this article, but I see no obvious problems with the article's "neutrality". What is the reason for the cleanup tag that you added to this article last month? Jarble (talk) 19:37, 29 March 2017 (UTC)

 * This user has been banned and talkpage access has been revoked. You're free to remove the tag as explanations are unlikely to be forthcoming within the foreseeable future. -- dsprc   [talk]  20:00, 29 March 2017 (UTC)

New article: Alternative media (non-aligned)
On WP there are two articles that list left-wing and right-wing alternative media. I would like to create a third non-aligned page for news media that doesn't fit into those categories, such as Newsbud or CaspianReport. Any comments? 190.160.130.40 (talk) 22:14, 28 November 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Alternative media


text:
Edward Linley Sambourne

Edward Linley Sambourne (4 January 1844 – 3 August 1910) was an English cartoonist and illustrator most famous for being a draughtsman for the satirical magazine Punch for more than forty years and rising to the position of "First Cartoonist" in his final decade. He was also a great-grandfather of Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon, who was the husband of Princess Margaret.

Early life and education
Edward Linley Sambourne was born in the family home at 15 Lloyd Square in Pentonville, London 4 January 1844. He was the only surviving child of Edward Mott Sambourne, a furrier merchant in the City of London. His mother Frances Linley was the daughter of Peter Linley, who followed into the family business of scythe manufacture near Sheffield.

Linley was educated at various schools throughout England. Aged 10 or 11 he enrolled as a pupil in the City of London School, but by 1857 he was at a school in Sheffield. From late 1857 to 1860 he had again enrolled in a new school, the Chester Training College, where he was encouraged to pursue his talent for drawing. In 1860, aged 16, Linley enrolled in the South Kensington School of Art but stayed only a couple of months.

Punch
In 1861 Sambourne was apprenticed to John Penn and Sons, marine engineers of Greenwich. Initially he worked under the founder's son, John Penn Jr, but was moved to the drawing office when his employer discovered his aptitude for draft drawing. In his spare time Sambourne continued to draw caricatures and study the great graphic artists such as William Hogarth and Albrecht Dürer. One version Sambourne recounts about the events leading to his introduction to Punch's editor Mark Lemon is that his friend and fellow employee at Penn's, Alfred German Reed, showed one of his sketches to his father, the theatrical impresario Thomas German Reed. At his son's urging Thomas to pass the drawing on to Mark Lemon. Lemon was sufficiently impressed by the sketch that he encouraged Sambourne to take art lessons and consult the engraver Joseph Swain about drawing on wood. Pleased with the results, Lemon published a drawing by Sambourne in the 27 April 1867 issue of Punch. This was an initial letter 'T' showing the politician John Bright striking a quintain.

Initially employed on a casual basis by Lemon, Sambourne was asked to supply the decorated initial letters that stood at head of articles, stories and poems incorporating the first letter into a fanciful design. Between 1867 and 1874 Sambourne contributed 350 initial letters. Although Sambourne's distinctive style emerged only slowly, he became a regular staff member of Punch in 1871. At the beginning he made his name by his "social" drawings while continuing to provide his highly elaborated initial letters. He drew his first political cartoon, properly so-called, in 1884, and ten years later began regularly to design the weekly second cartoon. At the end of John Tenniel's long occupancy in 1901, he became the magazine's chief principal cartoonist.

Unusually for an artist working in black and white, Sambourne used a huge library of photographic images to give accuracy to his work, which was characterized by a vivid and decisive linearity as well as an artistic inventiveness that took his images far beyond the simple concept of a cartoon or "comic cut". The quality of his work for Punch was acknowledged by the Royal Academy, which exhibited his drawings over a 20-year period.

Other works
While his work for Punch occupied most of his energy, it was not Sambourne's only source of income, as he would often accept commissions for individuals, books, magazines and advertisements. These include:

Book illustrations
 * Military Men I have met ..., Edward Dyne Fenton, 1872
 * Our Autumn Holiday on French Rivers ..., James Lynam Molly, 1874
 * Our Holiday in the Scottish Highlands, Arthur à Beckett, 1876
 * The Royal Umbrella. [A tale.] ..., Alfred Frederick Pollock Harcourt, 1879
 * The Modern Arabian Nights, Arthur a' Beckett, 1877
 * Poems of Edgar Allan Poe, 1881
 * The Water Babies, Charles Kingsley, 1885
 * Sherryana, F. W. Cosens, 1886
 * Friends and Foes from Fairy Land, Edward Knatchbull-Hugessen, 1886
 * The Green Above The Red: More Blarney Ballads, Charles L. Graves, 1889
 * The Real Adventures of Robinson Crusoe, F. C. Burnand, 1893

Diploma
 * International Fisheries Exhibition Diploma, 1883–84, referred to by the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, as "of its kind one of the most extraordinary things in English art".

Invitations
 * Invitation to the Lord Mayor's Banquet, 1888

Advertisements
 * Apenta aperient water
 * Philip Morris cigarettes, 1889
 * Rose's lime juice
 * Mazawatte tea
 * Lancashire Railway

Covers
 * The Naval and Military Gazette
 * The Pall Mall Gazette
 * The Sketch
 * The Sphere

Illustrations
 * Black and White, 1891
 * The British Workman
 * The Illustrated London News
 * The Piccadilly Magazine
 * The Pictorial World

Examples of his work
Examples from his series of caricatures in Punch 1881–82, "''Punch's Fancy Portraits":

More of Sambourne's caricatures from this series can be seen in the articles for William Harrison Ainsworth, Emma Albani, Matthew Arnold, Lord Charles Beresford, William Black, George Granville Bradley, Robert Browning, Hugh Childers, Lord Randolph Churchill, Henry Drummond Wolff, Henry Fawcett, James Anthony Froude, George Joachim Goschen, Charles Gounod, John Holker, Henry Labouchère, Henry Parry Liddon, John Lubbock, 1st Baron Avebury, Henry Edward Manning, Oscar Wilde, Ouida, James Payn, George Augustus Henry Sala, Eyre Massey Shaw, Arthur Sullivan, William James Erasmus Wilson, and Garnet Wolseley, 1st Viscount Wolseley

See also: Phylloxera, Cecil Rhodes.

Descendants
Edward Linley Sambourne married Mary Ann (Marion) Herapath (1851–1914) in 1874. She was the eldest daughter of the nine children of Spencer Herapath, a successful stockbroker, and his wife Mary Ann Walker. The couple had two children: Maud (born 1875) and Mawdley, also known as Roy (born 1878).

Mawdley (Roy) Herapath Sambourne (1878–1946) did not marry. In 1898 his sister Maud Frances Sambourne (1875–1960) married Leonard Messel, a young stockbroker and collector. They had three children: Linley (born 1899), Anne born 1902 (first married to Major Ronald Armstrong-Jones, later to Michael Parsons, 6th Earl of Rosse), and Oliver Messel (an acclaimed set designer and architect) born 1904.

Further descendants of Edward Linley Sambourne include: his great-grandson Antony Armstrong-Jones, 1st Earl of Snowdon (the photographer and documentary filmmaker), and great-great-grandson David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon (the furniture designer and chairman of Christie's auction house).

Due to the large number of photographs taken of himself posing as a model for drawings, Boston-based journalist Susan Clare Zalkind has suggested that her great-great-great-grandfather, Sambourne, is the "grandfather of the selfie."

title: Edward Linley Sambourne


text:
Pellinki

Pellinki (Finnish) or Pellinge (Swedish) is an island community in Finland made up of several small islands, the main ones linked by bridges. It is located 80 km east of the capital Helsinki, and 30 km south of the town of Porvoo (Borgå). It is administered as part of the municipality of Porvoo.

Pellinge is accessible from the Finnish mainland via a small vehicle/pedestrian cable ferry from Tirmo. The ferry runs at 15-minutes intervals and is provided free, as such ferries are considered an integral part of the national road network.

Approximately 260 persons live on Pellinge. 95% of the population are Swedish-speakers. There is a school which teaches pupils in grades 1-4 of the Finnish education system (from grade 5, pupils must attend schools on the mainland). There is also a daycare centre for pre-school children. Both these institutions use the Swedish language as the medium for instruction.

Pellinge has its own graveyard and also a chapel dedicated to St. Olaf. The community has several organisations that are well attended and participated. For instance, there is a voluntary fire brigade and two Martha unions (a Finnish women's society).

Traditional ways of life on Pellinge include fishing, boat building, forestry, axe throwing and agriculture - although these have all declined significantly in recent times. Today many of the island's inhabitants commute to work to workplaces on the mainland.

title: Pellinki


text:
Museum of Reconstruction

The Museum of Reconstruction for Finnmark and North Troms (Gjenreisningsmuseet for Finnmark og Nord-Troms) is a museum in the town of Hammerfest, Norway.

As was much of Northern Norway, the entire town of Hammerfest was razed to the ground by the retreating Nazi German military forces at the end of World War II. The museum commemorates this event with a wide range of displays, including both photographs and many items from the town from around that time. The first part of the main sequence of exhibits, on the ground floor, depicts the events themselves; the second consists largely of a series of reconstructions of the town during and following its reconstruction. There are homes, workplaces and other such tableaux, composed mostly of authentic items retained from that time, clearly showing how shockingly basic life was at first as the town's residents rebuilt their homes and lives, literally and exactly from the ground up.

Since the locals knew the troops were coming and what they would do, there was a little time to prepare. The local barber's pride and joy was his authentic American barbershop chair, imported from Chicago before the war. As many people did with their most precious possessions, he wrapped the chair in tarpaulin and buried it in his garden. When the building was reconstructed some years later, he dug up the chair and it was proudly reinstated in his parlour, where it remained for some decades. Now, it is in the museum.

Later displays on the tour show how life progressed in the postwar years. Single-room dwellings housing whole families were gradually replaced with multiple rooms, then the standard of furnishings starts to rise. By the 1950s, there are Norwegian-language fashion magazines in the home, reflecting the fact that by this time there is an actual choice of furnishings, clothing and so on available and that people once again have enough disposable income to spend on non-essentials. This is arguably due to the rapid growth in the Norwegian economy around this time.

As the town slopes steeply away from its shore and harbour, and the museum is situated some way inland, the building's central tower is one of the town's tallest structures and commands panoramic views across the whole region. Each floor of the tower contains a photo gallery; these successively show the phases of architecture in the region.

Attached to the museum is a secondary, subsidiary museum concerning the history of telecommunications in Norway, especially the construction of the 19th Century CE telegraph system which linked the outlying regions of this vast and often hostile and nearly impassable country.

The museum is arguably of primary interest to Norwegian nationals, many of whom travel through Hammerfest when taking the Hurtigruten steamship line, whose ships call in there daily, all year round, on their way between Bergen and Kirkenes in the far east of the country. Since a typical visit is of only two or three hours, there is little time to visit both the Isbjørnklubben and the Museum of Reconstruction and to explore the town. Most of the displays in the main museum are labelled only in Norwegian. One can, however, borrow foreign language guidebooks (English, German, French, Spanish, Italian, Russian, Finnish and Sami). These are also displayed in the museums homepage www.gjenreisningsmuseet.no. The telecomms section is also multilingual.

title: Museum of Reconstruction


text:
Portal:Astronomy/Picture/Old

This is the selected picture subpage of the Astronomy Portal. Below is an archive of Pictures of the Week.

Usage
The layout used to format these sub-pages is at Portal:Astronomy/Picture/Layout
 * 1) Add a new selected article to the next available subpage.
 * 2) Update   to new total for its   on the main page.

Nominations
Feel free to add any featured or good articles to the list above. You can also nominate other articles relating to Astronomy here.

-- This page is where the images to be featured on the astronomy portal are listed. Please create listings for any day or month with a redlink, there's hundreds of great astronomy images out there! Alternatively, suggest any image you think should be featured here on the talk page.

To make a featured image page, create a new page at Portal:Astronomy/Picture/Week xx (year) and save the following code:  (filename)

Old featured images

 * May 2005
 * June 2005
 * July 2005
 * August 2005

title: Portal:Astronomy/Picture/Old


text: User talk:67.68.42.176

title: User talk:67.68.42.176


text: User:Oarih/Japanese Cities

title: User:Oarih/Japanese Cities


text:
Quadratic classifier

In statistics, a quadratic classifier is a statistical classifier that uses a quadratic decision surface to separate measurements of two or more classes of objects or events. It is a more general version of the linear classifier.

The classification problem
Statistical classification considers a set of vectors of observations $x$ of an object or event, each of which has a known type $y$. This set is referred to as the training set. The problem is then to determine, for a given new observation vector, what the best class should be. For a quadratic classifier, the correct solution is assumed to be quadratic in the measurements, so $y$ will be decided based on $$ \mathbf{x^T A x} + \mathbf{b^T x} + c $$

In the special case where each observation consists of two measurements, this means that the surfaces separating the classes will be conic sections (i.e., either a line, a circle or ellipse, a parabola or a hyperbola). In this sense, we can state that a quadratic model is a generalization of the linear model, and its use is justified by the desire to extend the classifier's ability to represent more complex separating surfaces.

Quadratic discriminant analysis
Quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) is closely related to linear discriminant analysis (LDA), where it is assumed that the measurements from each class are normally distributed. Unlike LDA however, in QDA there is no assumption that the covariance of each of the classes is identical. When the normality assumption is true, the best possible test for the hypothesis that a given measurement is from a given class is the likelihood ratio test. Suppose there are only two groups, with means $$ \mu_0, \mu_1 $$ and covariance matrices $$ \Sigma_0, \Sigma_1 $$ corresponding to $$ y = 0 $$ and $$ y = 1 $$ respectively. Then the likelihood ratio is given by $$ \text{Likelihood ratio} = \frac{ \sqrt{2 \pi |\Sigma_1|}^{-1} \exp \left( -\frac{1}{2}(\mathbf{x}-\boldsymbol\mu_1)^T \Sigma_1^{-1} (\mathbf{x}-\boldsymbol\mu_1) \right) }{   \sqrt{2 \pi |\Sigma_0|}^{-1} \exp \left( -\frac{1}{2}(\mathbf{x}-\boldsymbol\mu_0)^T \Sigma_0^{-1} (\mathbf{x}-\boldsymbol\mu_0) \right) } < t $$ for some threshold $$ t $$. After some rearrangement, it can be shown that the resulting separating surface between the classes is a quadratic. The sample estimates of the mean vector and variance-covariance matrices will substitute the population quantities in this formula.

Other
While QDA is the most commonly-used method for obtaining a classifier, other methods are also possible. One such method is to create a longer measurement vector from the old one by adding all pairwise products of individual measurements. For instance, the vector $$ [x_1, \; x_2, \; x_3] $$ would become $$ [x_1, \; x_2, \; x_3, \; x_1^2, \; x_1x_2, \; x_1 x_3, \; x_2^2, \; x_2x_3, \; x_3^2]. $$

Finding a quadratic classifier for the original measurements would then become the same as finding a linear classifier based on the expanded measurement vector. This observation has been used in extending neural network models; the "circular" case, which corresponds to introducing only the sum of pure quadratic terms $$ \; x_1^2 + x_2^2 + x_3^2+\cdots \;$$ with no mixed products ($$ \; x_1 x_2, \; x_1 x_3,  \; \ldots  \; $$), has been proven to be the optimal compromise between extending the classifier's representation power and controlling the risk of overfitting (Vapnik-Chervonenkis dimension).

For linear classifiers based only on dot products, these expanded measurements do not have to be actually computed, since the dot product in the higher-dimensional space is simply related to that in the original space. This is an example of the so-called kernel trick, which can be applied to linear discriminant analysis as well as the support vector machine.

title: Quadratic classifier


text: User talk:205.188.116.136

title: User talk:205.188.116.136


text:
Mayreau

Mayreau is the smallest inhabited island of the Grenadines, with an area of about 0.46 sq. miles and a population of about 271. The population is centered in an unnamed village, located on Station Hill, a hilltop in the south-west of the island. It is an isolated community, accessible only by boat. Electricity was only recently (2002) provided by a central generator located on Saline Bay. There is a single-lane concrete road leading from the wharf on Saline Bay through the village to Saltwhistle Bay. The top of the island is crested with the small elementary school; the telecommunications building; the brick and stone Catholic Church of the Immaculate Conception, christened on May 12, 1930, and a Pentecostal church. From the crest of the hill behind the Catholic Church, there is an overlook of the Tobago Cays, Canouan and Union Island.

The island gets much of its water from three catchments set on the east side of the island. One serves the resort at Saltwhistle Bay and two serve the village. Saline Bay is named for the salt pond just east of the sandy beach. Salt was harvested and exported in times past but is now harvested only for local use. The island is populated mostly by fishermen and supported by tourism. The school has about 50 students from kindergarten to Grade 6. Upon completing their primary/elementary education, students attend secondary schools on neighbouring Union Island or the main island, St. Vincent. Mayreau also has a small resort area on Saltwhistle Bay, a very popular spot for anchoring yachts.

The Grenadines mail boat calls at Mayreau, but boarding can be difficult, as the vessel remains in deeper waters, with passengers being required to embark and leave through the use of smaller craft, which land on the nearby beach.

title: Mayreau


text: File:Ray poster.jpg

title: File:Ray poster.jpg


text:
M (band)

M is an English new wave and synth-pop music project from London, England, led by English musician Robin Scott. M is most known for the 1979 hit "Pop Muzik", which reached number two in the UK Singles Chart in May 1979, and number one in the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart on 3 November 1979. Musicians who contributed to M at one time or another included Wally Badarou, Mark King, Phil Gould and Gary Barnacle of Level 42.

One man band
Robin Scott first used the pseudonym M in 1978, when he released the single "Moderne Man". His next single, "Pop Muzik", featured Scott's brother Julian on bass, his wife Brigit Novik on backing vocals, and Wally Badarou on keyboards. The album New York–London–Paris–Munich was released in 1979.

M had three other singles that achieved a chart entry in the UK, "Moonlight and Muzak" (No. 33 in December 1979), "That's the Way the Money Goes" (No. 45 in March 1980) and "Official Secrets" (No. 64 in November 1980). M released three studio albums throughout their career so far: New York • London • Paris • Munich in 1979, The Official Secrets Act in 1980, and Famous Last Words, mostly recorded in 1982, but wasn't released in the UK until 2000. A fourth album, Robin Scott with Shikisha, was recorded in 1984 but wasn't released until 1998.

M's first single "Moderne Man" was later remixed with "Satisfy Your Lust", the B-side of "That's the Way the Money Goes", and appeared as a medley on M's album New York • London • Paris • Munich. The original single releases appeared on the 1997 CD re-release. A remixed version of "Pop Muzik" was played before each concert of U2's PopMart Tour.

On 23 June 2023, Scott released "Break the Silence", the first new single by M in 43 years.

Founding member

 * Robin Scott – Vocals, guitar, synthesizer, piano, keyboards

Session contributors and credits

 * Brigit Novik Vinchon – vocals (1978–1982)
 * Wally Badarou – keyboards, synthesizers, sequencer (1978–1984)
 * Julian Scott – bass (1978–1982)
 * Philip Gould – drums, percussion (1978–1980)
 * Gary Barnacle – saxophone, flute (1978–1982)
 * David Bowie – handclaps (1978)
 * David Vorhaus – synthesizer (1980)
 * Mark King – guitar, drums, bass (1980–1982)
 * Paddy Keenan – uilleann pipes (1980)
 * Marlisse & Steve – backing vocals (1982)
 * Mary Bird – backing vocals (1982)
 * Andy Gill – guitar (1982)
 * Gordon Huntley – guitar (1982)
 * Jamie West – guitar (1982)
 * Nick Plytas – organ, moog bass, piano, backing vocals (1982)
 * Barry Adamson – bass (1982)
 * Tony Levin – bass (1982)
 * Andy Anderson – drums (1982)
 * Sergio Castillo – drums (1982)
 * Yukihiro Takahashi – drums (1982)
 * John Lewis – synthesizer, sequencer (1982)
 * Thomas Dolby – synthesizer, sequencer (1982)
 * Sammy Smile – bass (1984)
 * Columbo Lamu – brass (1984)
 * Tabu Frantal – guitar (1984)
 * Mose Fan Fan – guitar (1984)
 * Shikisha – vocals (1984)
 * Betty Boo Hlela
 * Doreen Webster
 * Julia Muntu Mathunjwa
 * Lydia Canaan – vocals (2000)

Studio albums
† Recorded in 1984 – not released until 1998 and credited to Robin Scott & Shikisha.
 * Recorded in 1982. Released in UK 1998.

Compilation albums

 * Pop Muzik – The Very Best of M (1996, Music Collection International)
 * Pop Muzik (1997, Collectables Records) Reissue of the US version of New York–London–Paris–Munich.
 * 'M' The History – Pop Muzik The 25th Anniversary (2004, Union Square Music)
 * Pop Muzik – 30th Anniversary Remixes (2009, Echo Beach) Remix album featuring 13 remixes of "Pop Muzik".

Singles
‡ – billed as Robin Scott

title: M (band)


text:
The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular

"The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular" is the tenth episode of the seventh season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It originally aired on Fox in the United States on December 3, 1995. As the title suggests, it is the 138th episode and the third clip show episode of The Simpsons, after "So It's Come to This: A Simpsons Clip Show" and "Another Simpsons Clip Show".

While the "138th Episode Spectacular" compiles sequences from episodes throughout the entire series like the previous two, it also shows clips from the original Simpsons shorts from The Tracey Ullman Show and other previously unaired material. Like the Halloween specials, the episode is considered non-canon and falls outside of the show's regular continuity.

The "138th Episode Spectacular" was written by Jon Vitti and directed by David Silverman, and is a parody of the common practice among live-action series to produce clip shows.

It has received positive reviews, and was one of the most watched episodes of the seventh season, with a Nielsen rating of 9.5.

Synopsis
Troy McClure hosts the episode, which highlights individual scenes and sequences from throughout the series and offers never-before-seen outtakes. McClure starts the episode by showing a brief presentation of how The Simpsons series was conceived by Matt Groening, James L. Brooks, and Sam Simon. He goes on to present some clips of the original shorts that aired on The Tracey Ullman Show. McClure then responds to questions from fan mail by showing clips that contain the answers.

McClure then presents deleted scenes from several episodes and reveals that alternate endings to part two of "Who Shot Mr. Burns?" were created to prevent the staff on The Simpsons from spoiling the mystery. Troy McClure ends the episode by showing a montage of The Simpsons characters naked, set to the KC and the Sunshine Band song "(Shake, Shake, Shake) Shake Your Booty".

Production
As the title suggests, "The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular" is the 138th episode of The Simpsons, although it is the 155th episode when placed in production order. It is the third The Simpsons clip show, after "So It's Come to This: A Simpsons Clip Show" and "Another Simpsons Clip Show". It was written by Jon Vitti, who used the pseudonym "Penny Wise" in the closing credits because he did not want to be credited for writing a clip show. The episode was directed by David Silverman, who also did not want to be credited, and used the pseudonym "Pound Foolish" in the closing credits.

During the early years of the show, Fox network officials forced the staff of The Simpsons to produce clip shows in order to save money. Originally, the producers were ordered to produce four clip shows per season in order to meet episode limits imposed by the network. Fox network officials reasoned that clip shows could be produced at half the cost of a normal episode, but syndication rights could be sold at full price. The staff, however, felt such a large number of clip shows would alienate fans of the series.

Former show runner Bill Oakley thought the episode was one of the better clip shows of The Simpsons, because it had more original and interesting material than the others. Oakley enjoyed showing deleted scenes from previous episodes and the Simpsons shorts, and particularly enjoyed the montage of couch gags at the beginning of the episode. The staff tried to entertain themselves while producing the clip show, and Oakley said by having the only actor be Phil Hartman as Troy McClure, it was "guaranteed to be fun". Hartman's lines in this episode were recorded during the sessions for "A Fish Called Selma", which also aired during Season 7.

A lot of the humor in the episode comes from the show's staff mocking themselves and their own work. Troy McClure is shown put off after watching "Good Night", the very first short produced for The Simpsons, and falls asleep while deleted scenes from various episodes are being played. At one point, supposed early designs of Grampa Simpson and Krusty the Clown are shown, which were a "satirical jab at the primitiveness of the [actual] early drawings". Animator David Silverman got defensive over the joke, explaining that the crude drawings were due to a lack of time for proper animation during that era. The fan mail segment showed letters supposedly sent in by distinguished professors and diplomats; Oakley said the joke was that no one of their pedigrees would actually watch the series, let alone write to the staff.

The show's producers are also depicted as animated characters in this episode. Creator Matt Groening is shown as a "radical right-wing" conservative and active gun user who supports the National Rifle Association, which is a deliberate subversion of the political stance most of the staff actually have. Despite having already left the show by the time this episode was made, a portrait of former producer Sam Simon was drawn by Simon himself after he did not like the original joke for him, which was a "No Photo Available" disclaimer.

One of the clips shown in the episode comes from the season four episode "Marge Gets a Job", in which Smithers has a dream that he is sleeping and Mr. Burns flies through a window into his room. The sequence shows Burns flying towards a happy-looking Smithers. The original clip went on for a few seconds longer, but had to be trimmed down in order to remove portions that showed "Mr. Burns land[ing] in a particular position on Smithers' anatomy". There were also issues with "the lump in his bed", which the animators said they had drawn as his knee, but the censors had mistakenly believed was an erection.

A deleted scene from the season five episode "Burns' Heir" is also shown, in which a robotic Richard Simmons dances outside Burns's mansion to the 1976 song "(Shake, Shake, Shake) Shake Your Booty". It was cut from "Burns' Heir" because the writers did not think it was funny, nor did it do well with a test audience, although Oakley thought the animation was terrific. To the production staff's surprise, the scene would make the audience "erupt with laughter" when screened at animation conventions and college presentations, so they decided to insert it in this episode.

The montage of nude scenes over the ending credits includes the original animation of Homer and Marge snuggling from "Grampa vs. Sexual Inadequacy", which was reanimated in that episode after Fox censors thought it was too explicit.

Due to the amount of interest in the ending of the "Who Shot Mr. Burns?" episode, David Mirkin wrote several "terrible endings" and recorded several alternate endings with Harry Shearer serving as the only voice actor. Mirkin's original intention was to fool the production staff and also leak the endings to various media outlets; much to his surprise, Mirkin failed to successfully fool the staff. Several endings were animated that showed various characters, such as Barney, Moe, and Apu, shooting Mr. Burns, and were presented as part of this episode.

Referenced clips
During the opening credits the episode is advertised as having "twenty-three percent new footage", while the rest are clips taken from previous episodes. The five shorts used in this episode are "Good Night" and "Bathtime", which were featured in their entirety, and portions of "The Perfect Crime", "Space Patrol", and "World War III". Some parts of the episode contain montages of only a few seconds-long clips, such as those referring to Homer's increased stupidity ("Blood Feud", "Flaming Moe's", "Marge vs. the Monorail", "Deep Space Homer", and "Treehouse of Horror V"), or those suggesting Smithers' homosexuality ("Rosebud", "Dog of Death", "Lisa vs. Malibu Stacy", and "Marge Gets a Job").

Cultural references
The entire setup of Troy McClure presenting the episode is a parody of the practice by live-action series to produce clip shows in general, by celebrating a completely arbitrary milestone and by making exaggerated use of the conventions of traditional highlights shows, such as a grand introduction and relentlessly showbizzy host.

The episode makes references to several films and television shows. The Tracey Ullman Show is referred to as "the nation's showcase for psychiatrist jokes and musical comedy numbers", while the outtakes right before the commercial breaks parodies television series such as Roseanne and Home Improvement (which regularly aired similar outtakes). The deleted scene from "$pringfield" in which Homer plays blackjack with James Bond parodies the 1967 film Casino Royale. The deleted scene from "Burns' Heir" in which the robotic Richard Simmons is shot through the head and repairs itself parodies the liquid metal T-1000 in the 1991 film Terminator 2: Judgment Day. The episode satirizes the Fox network in particular, as the two specials mentioned in the beginning, Alien Nose Job and Five Fabulous Weeks Of 'The Chevy Chase Show', are references to two actual programs that have aired on the network: The Chevy Chase Show (1993) and Alien Autopsy: Fact or Fiction (1995). Several famous musical themes are used or parodied in the clips, such as when Homer sings the theme song from The Flintstones, and Johann Strauss II's Blue Danube is heard in the background of one scene. The show's producers are depicted as animated characters in the introduction: Groening is a bald Southern patriot who wields a gun wearing an eye patch, a reference to the promotional poster of the 1970 film Patton, and his own comic strip Life in Hell; Brooks is seen as Rich Uncle Pennybags, the tycoon from Monopoly; and Simon's appearance resembles Howard Hughes. One of Smithers' fantasies is a parody of Marilyn Monroe's famous happy birthday song to President John F. Kennedy, while another one is an allusion to Peter Pan flying through the window. The book that Krusty tries to sell is a reference to Madonna's book entitled Sex. "NRA4EVER", the message that appears on a cash register during the opening sequence reference in a trivia question, is a reference to the National Rifle Association.

Reception
The episode ranked among the ten most heavily viewed episodes of the seventh season. After its initial airing, the episode received a Nielsen rating of 9.5, and a Nielsen rank of 48.

The episode has become study material for sociology courses at University of California, Berkeley, where it is used to "examine issues of the production and reception of cultural objects, in this case, a satirical cartoon show", and to figure out what it is "trying to tell audiences about aspects primarily of American society, and, to a lesser extent, about other societies". Some questions asked in the courses include: "What aspects of American society are being addressed in the episode? What aspects of them are used to make the points? How is the satire conveyed: through language? Drawing? Music? Is the behavior of each character consistent with his/her character as developed over the years? Can we identify elements of the historical/political context that the writers are satirizing? What is the difference between satire and parody?" Considered a spoof of television clip shows, the episode is seen drawing attention to prevailing televisual conventions and reminds viewers that The Simpsons itself participates actively in that same cultural legacy.

The authors of the book I Can't Believe It's a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide, Warren Martyn and Adrian Wood, thought that "the out-takes [were] up to standard" and said that the episode contains "a number of great self-referential moments".

Simone Knox praised its visual style in her article Reading the Ungraspable Double-Codedness of "The Simpsons". Knox referred to it as not simply a clip show, but a clip show "that looks at the series with a sense of hyper-self-consciousness about its own textuality".

The episode itself has been described by some critics as a kind of self-imposed benchmark of the show itself, with writer Bill Keveney commenting, "the show picks its own benchmarks, as it did in 1995".

DVD Movie Guide's Colin Jacobson said even though the episode is a clip show, it "gussies up the concept with some interesting elements, and keeps repetitive material to a minimum. Instead, it offers much then-unseen footage as well as old snippets from The Tracey Ullman Show. It still feels like a cheap way to crank out a new episode, but it's one of the better clip shows you'll see."

Jennifer Malkowski of DVD Verdict gave the episode a B+ grade and commented, "apart from the creative material, what really makes this [episode] shine is the hilarious hosting by Troy McClure."

Dave Foster of DVD Times criticized the episode: "Despite some interesting concepts such as a bored Troy McClure presenting to much amusement and the presence of deleted scenes and Tracey Ullman shorts amongst the clips, this is an episode that tries hard to find a hook but never quite manages, assuring it'll never make it into regular rotation on this viewer's watch."

title: The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Join (movie)

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 09:29, May 2, 2005 (UTC)

Join (movie)
Is being bad enough to make a movie notable? It isn't famously bad. It's not even on IMDB.
 * Delete — Helpful Dave 14:16, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. The only google hit I could find was a wikipedia mirror. Xezbeth  14:21, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Would appear to be so bad it is unverifiable. Such a film would only be notable if it was a cult bad film, or affected an established, notable studios in a permanent manner. Average Earthman 17:15, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not on IMDB? Then not on Wikipedia either. That's showbusiness for ya! Master Thief Garrett 02:45, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. Megan1967 04:22, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: User:Agesipolis II

title: User:Agesipolis II


text: User:KelvSYC/TimelinesTest

title: User:KelvSYC/TimelinesTest