text:
Talk:North London

Used colloquially
North London used colloquially usually does not refer to places futher west than say Harlesden or Wembley, or futher east that say Enfield or Edmonton. Although it is obviously true that North London is everthing withing the Greater London area that is north of the Thames, this distinction should be made clearer I think. Duncan Smith 12:47, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Why are many North London boroughs missed out on the list? NWC

North of the Thames?
"North London is that part of the United Kingdom capital city of London which is north of the River Thames"

 * I have just about never heard the term used in this sense. The articles needs a complete rewrite. --87.82.24.11 19:23, 5 May 2006 (UTC)

I agree. I have just commented on the South London article regarding Teddington's inclusion (as part of Richmond Borough) within it. Including it in North London seems positively absurd. I have never heard North London to include all London on the north side of the Thames (which, incidentally means the map is wrong because all of Richmond Borough is included even though it straddles the Thames).

I reckon contributors to this and similar articles ought to get their heads together and work it out. For anyone's interest, this is the understanding I grew up with: North London: the former LCC area north of the river excluding Tower Hamlets and half of Hackney South London: the former LCC area south of the river excluding Greenwich and Lewisham South East London: Greenwich and Lewisham West London: The LCC area west of the city excluding the West End and adding Brent + Ealing Middlesex / Essex / Kent / Surrey: the leftover bits. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

North London -definitions
The definition of this area is a funny one full of anomalies, inconsistencies and subjective opinions.

1)North London could be defined as anything above the Thames. well lets be honest that definition is very very wrong and would be contested by East and West Londoners. So thats probably the least acceptable definition.

2)North London could be considered the boroughs of Haringey, Enfield, Barnet, Islington, Camden, Brent, Harrow, Hackney & Waltham Forest. This is probably inaccurate in the case of Waltham Forest, large parts of Hackney and even possibly Brent and Harrow (which do have a relatively strong Northwest identity-although whether it is entirely seperate from a general North London ididnetity is subjective and debateable. I personally have heard areas such as Wembley referred to as both before.

3)North London could be defined as the boroughs of Haringey, Enfield, Barnet, Islington and Camden. This is a relatively sound opinion.

4)North London could be construed as anything with a "N" or "NW" postcode- meaning Haringey, Enfield, Barnet, Brent, Harrow, most of Camden, most of Islington & Western parts of Hackney such as Stamford Hill, Stoke newington & Kingsland. Out of note i have generally heard these 3 areas reffered in everyday parlance as North London. Also the Southern parts of Camden & Islington are indeed Central London in character and i would therefore accept they are Central London. In the case of Islington once you go about a mile or so past Holloway it feels like central London.

The N' postcode argument is probably the most satisfactory definition and it is probably the one entity which gives a clear idea of the boundaries or North, East, West & South London. The only other one (in the case of the Northern half of London) is Borough boundaries which is weak. Obviously the geographical boundaries of the Thames between South London vs the rest is clear and concise, leaving no room for subjective interpretations. *Note- obviously there are exceptions for the outskirts of London with areas for instance in Enfield which have "EN" in there postcode. this is the same all around London suburbs.

Anyone have any thoughts on this? Anyone disagree? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Dr Girard (talk • contribs) 16:56, 14 December 2006 (UTC).

Location completely wrong
The article location is in Farnborough, Bromley, in the southern outskirts of the city. I've no idea where you'd want to geo-locate North London, but its not here Vicarage (talk) 10:40, 18 April 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:North London


text:
Rutherglen Glencairn F.C.

Rutherglen Glencairn Football Club is a Scottish football club based in Rutherglen, South Lanarkshire, near Glasgow. Nicknamed The Glens and formed in 1896, they play at The Hamish B Allan Stadium (New Southcroft Park).

Glencairn currently play in the. Trophy successes include the SJFA West Region Championship in 2018–19, the Stagecoach Central District League Division One championship in the 2008–09 season and the West Region Super League Division One title in 2018–19 and 2009–10. The latter gave the club the right to compete in the West Region Super Premier League for the first time in the 2010–11 season.

The club is currently managed by former assistant manager Joe Pryce with Billy Ogilvie as assistant manager while Willie Harvey is now General Manager.

History
Rutherglen Glencairn F.C. were formed in 1895 at the 'Old Jail' office in Rutherglen.

The Glens played their first-ever game on 15 August 1896 against the Ibrox XI (Rangers' junior string in those days) and the Glens won 1–0. The Southcroft team joined the Glasgow Junior League and won it in 1899–1900 to take possession of the "Evening Times Trophy".

The Glens' big moment did not arrive until season 1901–02 when they won the Scottish Junior Cup, the Glasgow League Championship, and the Glasgow Exhibition Championship. The team that proudly brought the Scottish Junior Cup to Rutherglen for the first time by beating Maryhill 1–0 at Meadowside is considered one of the greatest ever, including future Scotland senior international forwards Jimmy McMenemy and Alec Bennett, both natives of the town.

It was not until 1918–19 that the Glens won the Scottish Junior Cup again, beating St Anthony's 1–0.

Glencairn's third Scottish Junior Cup win was in season 1926–27 and the satisfaction was all the greater because it was Cambuslang Rangers, their great local rivals, who were defeated 2–1. The Glens won the Scottish Junior Cup again for the last time in season 1938–39 when Shawfield (the other local rivals, from Oatlands) went down 2–1.

Glencairn's recent success has been in their rise through the junior leagues in which they were crowned champions of both the West of Scotland League Central District First Division in 2009 and the West of Scotland Super League First Division in 2010.

In 2020, the club confirmed their intention to leave the separate Junior setup and join a proposed feeder division for the Lowland Football League, part of the pyramid system below the professional level of the Scottish game.

Crest
The current Glencairn crest is heavily influenced from the town of Rutherglen's official blazon and consists of the club's initials with a football centrepiece watched over by guardian angels at each side. Rutherglen's motto  'Ex Fumo Fama' , which translates as 'Fame From Smoke', is incorporated.

Stadium
The club plays its home games at Hamish B. Allan Stadium in the Burnhill district of Rutherglen, after the original Southcroft Park on Glasgow Road in the town's Shawfield district was demolished in 2007 to make way for the M74 motorway extension into central Glasgow. The original ground had survived for 110 years and was the oldest Junior football ground in Scotland when it closed; the final game was a 1–0 victory over Dunipace in October 2006. Its banked terracing areas also contained toxic Chromium VI, a byproduct from the nearby chemical factory; this was also found to be the case at other stadiums in the local area: Lesser Hampden and Rosebery Park.

The new ground (on the opposite side of the motorway from the original site) was officially opened in July 2008 with a friendly match between Glencairn and Clyde, whose previous home Shawfield Stadium had been just yards from the original Southcroft Park.

In August 2009, the club signed a lucrative sponsorship deal with local urban regeneration company Clyde Gateway to sponsor New Southcroft Park for two years, and it was renamed the Clyde Gateway Stadium. This arrangement was extended for another two seasons in 2012. In 2014 the sponsor became Celsius Cooling Ltd and the ground was duly renamed as The Celsius Stadium. In August 2020 the stadium was renamed 'The Hamish B Allan Stadium' in honour of a lifelong supporter and committee member.

Rutherglen Glencairn entered discussions with Clyde in 2012 about the possibility of sharing the stadium. Although the changing facilities are modern, other things would need improvement to meet Scottish Football League regulations. The proposal was eventually dropped by Clyde in favour of a proposed move to East Kilbride, which was also never realised.

Current squad

 * Updated 19 July 2023

Management
The management staff of Rutherglen Glencairn as of season 2023-24 are:

Honours
Scottish Junior Cup
 * Winners: 1901–02, 1918–19, 1926–27, 1938–39
 * Runners-up: 1966–67, 1974–75, 2022–23

West of Scotland Super League First Division
 * Winners: 2009–10, 2018–19

Other honours

 * West of Scotland League Central District First Division winners: 2008–09
 * Glasgow Junior League winners: 1898–99, 1901–02, 1918–19, 1921–22
 * Central League champions: 1933–34, 1942–43, 1966–67
 * Central League B Division winners: 1974–75
 * Glasgow Junior Cup winners: 1899–1900, 1923–24, 1934–35, 1937–38, 1942–43
 * Glasgow Dryburgh Cup winners: 1939–40
 * Central Junior League Cup winners: 1998–99
 * Central Sectional League Cup 1991–92, 2007–08

Final league positions
Rutherglen Glencairn's recent final league positions are shown in the table below:

2009–10 championship winning team
After winning the 2008–09 Central District League Championship, Glencairn entered Super League Division One with the almost the same team in 2009–10. They won this too, thus securing a place in the Premier Division for the first time. The 2009–10 winning side was:

Soon after the end of the 2009–10 season, Glencairn's joint managers moved to new managerial positions elsewhere and several players from the 2009–10 team followed them.

Youth Development
Willie Harvey became the new manager before the start of the 2010–11 Super Premier League Season and established under-21 and under-19 teams under youth team manager Alex McArthur. The under-21 team competes in West of Scotland Under 21 League Division One, and the under-19 team in the Cumbernauld & Kilsyth District League. To emphasise the importance of youth development, Harvey said, "Every now and again you find a real gem. Somewhere down the line you will find someone who can have a good, strong career. We want to be the side that clubs are trying to poach players from but at the same time we will have first dibs on the best players coming through."

The 2012–13 season was one to remember for the young Glens. Managers Andy McFadyen and Alex McArthur, as well as coach George Fortheringham, led the 21s to winning the treble, a historic moment for the club. An unforgettable night at Glencairn's home pitch saw a Rutherglen last minute equaliser against Knightswood in the final game of the season clinch the West of Scotland Premier League for the first time in the club's history. The Glens also went on to win the League Cup in style after defeating Goldenhill in a 4–1 encounter played at Shettleston. Finally the boys wrapped up an emphatic season with a penalty shoot out victory against Knightswood in the West of Scotland Cup final.

Notable former players

 * Jimmy Bain – Manchester United, Brentford
 * Sammy Baird – Clyde, Rangers, Hibernian, Scotland
 * Alec Bennett – Celtic, Rangers, Dumbarton, Scotland
 * Kenny Campbell – Liverpool, Partick Thistle, Leicester City, Scotland
 * Alex Craig – Rangers, Morton, Ireland
 * Joe Donnachie – Everton, Oldham Athletic, Scotland
 * Rob McKinnon – Hartlepool United, Motherwell, FC Twente, Hearts, Scotland
 * Jimmy McMenemy – Celtic, Partick Thistle, Scotland
 * Archie McWhinnie - Wrexham A.F.C., Wales
 * Archie Robertson – Clyde, Morton, Scotland
 * Bernie Slaven – Albion Rovers, Middlesbrough, Republic of Ireland
 * Jimmy Soye – Southampton, Aberdeen
 * Bobby Ward – Newport County

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Rutherglen Glencairn F.C.


text:
Bandiagara

Bandiagara is a small town and urban commune in the Mopti Region of Mali. The name translates roughly to "large eating bowl"—referring to the communal bowl meals are served in. Mainly on its Bandiagara Escarpment it has about 2,000 speakers of the vibrant Bangime language, an isolate used mainly as an anti-language; it has the highest point of the country.

Bandiagara is 65 km east-southeast of Mopti. A seasonal river, the Yamé, flows in a northeasterly direction through the town. The population includes a number of different ethnic groups including Dogons, Fulani and Bambaras.

History
Bandiagara is said to have been founded in 1770 by Nangabanu Tembély, a Dogon hunter.

In 1864, Tidiani Tall, El Hadj Umar Tall's nephew and successor, chose Bandiagara as capital of the Toucouleur empire.

It is the birthplace of Malian authors Amadou Hampâté Bâ, Madina Ly-Tall and Yambo Ouologuem.

In the music video for the song Reset by Three Trapped Tigers it is shown as the location of an alien rune.

As of 2018 the town remained insecure with attacks on hotels used by UN staff being reported. Nine soldiers were killed and nine wounded in an attack on a police station on February 25, 2021.

title: Bandiagara


text:
User:Male1979/Sandbox

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$$ R= \frac {4 {\pi}A}{l^2} $$ R is circular degree stimulus function F

test new signiture Ben T/C]] 04:26, May 24, 2005 (UTC)

again test Ben T/C|undefined 04:27, May 24, 2005 (UTC)

and again Ben T/C 04:28, May 24, 2005 (UTC)

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Something went wrong: Ben [[User_talk:Male1979|T]]/[[Special:Contributions/Male1979|C ]] 16:40, 24 November 2005 (UTC)

Ben [[User_talk:Male1979|T]]/[[Special:Contributions/Male1979|C ]] 00:12, 25 November 2005 (UTC)

Other users seem to have experienced the same problems beginning in mid November ([|see here]). Ben T/C 00:22, 25 November 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Male1979/Sandbox


text:
User talk:Dgnelson

Welcome!
Hi Dgnelson, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 12:51, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Spookie Daly Pride
A tag has been placed on Spookie Daly Pride, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article seems to be a biographical account about a person, group of people, or band, but it does not indicate how or why he/she/they is/are notable. If you can indicate why Spookie Daly Pride is really notable, I advise you to edit the article promptly, and also put a note on Talk:Spookie Daly Pride. Any admin should check for such edits before deleting the article. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. Please read our criteria for speedy deletion, particularly item 7 under Articles. You might also want to read our general biography criteria. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself. To contest the tagging and request that admins should wait a while for you to assert his/her/their notability, please affix the template  to the page, and then immediately add such an assertion. It is also a very good idea to add citations from reliable sources to ensure that your article will be verifiable.-- Nsevs •  Talk  19:58, 10 May 2006 (UTC)

Your submission at Articles for creation: Battery H, 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery has been accepted
 Battery H, 1st Pennsylvania Light Artillery, which you submitted to Articles for creation, has been created.

Congratulations, and thank you for helping expand the scope of Wikipedia! We hope you will continue making quality contributions.

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title: User talk:Dgnelson


text:
User talk:SGCommand

Speedy deletion of List of Xcalibur characters
A tag has been placed on List of Xcalibur characters, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done for the following reason:

the page has no content except a list of character names – which are already listed at Xcalibur (computer animation) – and red links (the only two blue links are actually to unrelated topics). The page was created in April 2006 and never grew beyond that

Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not meet basic Wikipedia criteria may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as an appropriate article, and if you can indicate why the subject of this article is appropriate, you may contest the tagging. To do this, add  on the top of the page and leave a note on the article's talk page explaining your position. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would confirm its subject's notability under the guidelines.

For guidelines on specific types of articles, you may want to check out our criteria for biographies, for web sites, for bands, or for companies. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. — Kpalion(talk) 21:22, 8 February 2009 (UTC)

Surrender of Japan
What was your source for this edit? I'm trying to get that article up to FA status and sources have been requested. Raul654 (talk) 01:36, 23 February 2009 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Ben Willis

The article Ben Willis has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Fails Wikipedia's notability guidelines for fictional characters.

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You are now a Reviewer
Hello. Your account has been granted the "reviewer" userright, allowing you to review other users' edits on certain flagged pages. Pending changes, also known as flagged protection, is currently undergoing a two-month trial scheduled to end 15 August 2010.

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Nomination of List of Mutants in The Hills Have Eyes for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article List of Mutants in The Hills Have Eyes is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

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Signature
Hi, quite separate to the Doctor Who issue, could I perhaps ask you to be careful to sign your posts with four tildes  in future? There's a couple of places you've accidentally signed with three, which leaves out the time-stamp from your signature and makes it difficult for people to tell when you left your comment? Thanks! ╟─ Treasury Tag ►  Captain-Regent  ─╢ 17:11, 25 April 2011 (UTC)

Your userspace
Hi, SGCommand. I've just noticed that you have a huge number of pages in your userspace which seem to be for no purpose connected with Wikipedia, eg. information on your personal book collection, PlayStation games and some 'database' about which I am unclear. I'm concerned that many of these pages breach WP:NOTWEBHOST, which states that "Wikipedians have their own user pages, but they may be used only to present information relevant to working on the encyclopedia."

So basically, my question is, is the tremendous amount of material held in your userspace germane to Wikipedia, and if so, how? Thanks in advance. ╟─ Treasury Tag ►  quaestor  ─╢ 14:36, 13 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Thanks, didn't realise that. I'll problaly haveit deleted by the end of the year (if you don't mind), thanks again)!!!--SGCommand 14:44, 13 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Erm – no. You don't seem to understand the nature of Wikipedia policy: WP:NOTWEBHOST states that the only acceptable use of userspace is to house material relevant to Wikipedia. If your userspace contains stuff in violation of policy, then "probably" deleting it sometime in the next seven months is unacceptable. Unless you can explain how the content is germane to creating an encyclopedia, I will have to nominate it for deletion at the end of this month, and that should leave you enough time to save anything you want to. ╟─ Treasury Tag ►  Tellers' wands  ─╢ 14:47, 13 May 2011 (UTC)
 * YEAH! Plus I hope your proud of the horrendously bad thing you created. 120.146.71.41 (talk) 05:26, 9 July 2011 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Otto Sump

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 * Non-notable comics character. No reliable sources cited.

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Republic of China article
Since you mentioned the Republic of China in your user page, I guess you are interested to share your insights at Talk:Republic of China#Requested Move (February 2012). Thanks for your attention. 61.18.170.245 (talk) 17:55, 13 March 2012 (UTC)

Your HideTopContrib is not working because of WP:AORC
I note you're using a static version of User:Markhurd/hidetopcontrib.js and it is currently broken by WP:AORC (and is otherwise out of date).

Your minimal fix is to comment out li[i].getElementsByTagName("strong").length>0 || like I did because WP:AORC uses <strong> for large changes.

(There may be other differences between your version and my latest version -- I haven't checked exactly what version you have, or whether you've changed it.) - Mark Hurd (talk) 04:21, 25 March 2012 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Pirate Clans

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User:SGCommand/Portal
You requested deletion of that page some time ago (and I just deleted it). Unfortunately you used db-delete (which isn't supposed to be used directly) instead of db-g7 or db-u1, so it took a while for admins to notice. (See Template talk:Db-meta for an explanation). Happy editing, —Kusma (t·c) 14:06, 11 February 2014 (UTC)

Global account
Hi SGCommand! As a Steward I'm involved in the upcoming unification of all accounts organized by the Wikimedia Foundation (see m:Single User Login finalisation announcement). By looking at your account, I realized that you don't have a global account yet. In order to secure your name, I recommend you to create such account on your own by submitting your password on Special:MergeAccount and unifying your local accounts. If you have any problems with doing that or further questions, please don't hesitate to ping me with. Cheers, —DerHexer (Talk) 00:27, 3 January 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
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Nomination of List of Killzone characters for deletion
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Proposed deletion of Catherine Tramell

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Proposed deletion of Southers

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Category:Syphon Filter (series) has been nominated for discussion
Category:Syphon Filter (series), which you created, has been nominated for possible deletion, merging, or renaming. A discussion is taking place to decide whether this proposal complies with the categorization guidelines. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the categories for discussion page. Thank you. ZXCVBNM (TALK) 16:29, 22 August 2019 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Walter the Wobot

The article Walter the Wobot has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Fictional character. No evidence of stand-alone notability. Not a shred of analysis. Pure WP:PLOT and list of appearances in media. Fails GNG/NFICTION."

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Proposed deletion of Otto Sump

The article Otto Sump has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Fictional character. No evidence of stand-alone notability. Not a shred of analysis. Pure WP:PLOT and list of appearances in media. Fails GNG/NFICTION."

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Proposed deletion of PJ Maybe

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Proposed deletion of Judge Logan

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Proposed deletion of Judge Edgar

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Proposed deletion of Stan Lee (Judge Dredd)

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Nomination of Otto Sump for deletion
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Nomination of Walter the Wobot for deletion
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Nomination of Stan Lee (Judge Dredd) for deletion
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Nomination of List of organizations in Judge Dredd for deletion
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Nomination of Nu Earth for deletion
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Nomination of Mechanismo for deletion
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New message from Awesome Aasim
Aasim 23:21, 3 June 2020 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Golden Boughs Retirement Village

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I have sent you a note about a page you started
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North8000 (talk) 23:58, 16 May 2022 (UTC)

Nomination of Werewolf (Doctor Who) for deletion
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Proposed deletion of Day of Chaos

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Nomination of Day of Chaos for deletion
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Proposed deletion of Banzai Battalion

The article Banzai Battalion has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "The coverage (references, external links, etc.) does not seem sufficient to justify this article passing General notability guideline requirement nor the more detailed Notability (fiction) supplementary essay. WP:BEFORE did not reveal any significant coverage on Gnews, Gbooks or Gscholar. If you disagree and deprod this, please explain how it meets them on the talk page here in the form of 'This article meets criteria A and B because...' and ping me back through WP:ECHO or by leaving a note at User talk:Piotrus. Thank you."

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Nomination of List of Mutants in The Hills Have Eyes for deletion
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Nomination of XX (organization) for deletion
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Custom signature fix needed
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title: User talk:SGCommand


text:
User talk:Thechamelon

Welcome!
Hi Thechamelon, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 12:51, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

COTW Project
You voted for Decolonization, this week's Collaboration of the week. Please come and help it become a featured-standard article.

Electric Boogaloo
I tagged that article as copyvio. Please do not paste copyrighted texts verbatim into Wikipedia. Rl 14:49, 1 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh, sorry. I actually found it on an other page but I forgot it anyway... It was actually a note for myself (was going to rewrite the text). Suppose it slipped out of my mind. Thechamelon 16:44, 1 May 2005 (UTC)
 * It's an interesting topic and you found a good source. You can rewrite the text and put it on a temporary page (see point 6 of the copyvio notice). Rl 17:11, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

List of Breakdancing Moves
You definitely had me fooled; I thought you were a native speaker, and I'm a pretty linguistically-discerning individual, if I do say so myself. It seems that you're the only other user who really cares about the breakdancing moves pages right now. I say we only wait a few more days for others' opinions before jumping in, because I doubt anyone else will post, and I'm itching to begin. Draeco 21:27, 30 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Oh, thanks! However, I think I should have completed my "Advanced English Course" in college... Of course I'm caring for the Breakdance pages! :) (I founded the list and made huge changes to the main article in the beginning.) (But between us, I'm only a theorist on the subject after watching and reading a lot... :) I think we actually should have left some moore time voting, giving that there are 600 000 (?) articles to be read by others. Though I suppose nobody will complain. It's a good thing you/we are going to do. Thechamelon 15:20, 2 December 2005 (UTC)

 * Yeah but I figure the main voters are people who are watching the page actively, and very few people will just drift by and vote. Plus I'm so excited I can't wait, I'd probably have some kind of aneurysm if I waited any longer. I make tons of edits out of general curiosity, but breakdancing is one of the few areas I really know and care about. Draeco 19:35, 2 December 2005 (UTC)

AfD nomination of List of breakdance crews
I have nominated List of breakdance crews, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/List of breakdance crews. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. Guy0307 (talk) 02:22, 4 April 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Thechamelon


text:
Gharana

In Hindustani music (North Indian classical music), a gharānā is a system of social organisation in the Indian subcontinent, linking musicians or dancers by lineage or apprenticeship, and more importantly by adherence to a particular musical style.

The word gharana comes from the Hindi word 'ghar' which means 'house'. It typically refers to the place where the musical ideology originated; for example, some of the gharanas well known for singing khyals are: Delhi, Agra, Gwalior, Indore, Atrauli-Jaipur, Kirana and Patiala. Four famous kathak gharanas are: Lucknow, Atrauli-Jaipur, Benares and Raigarh.

Khyal gharanas
The gharana system in khyal was rooted in the guru–shishya tradition and was similar to the Dhrupad Bani system. The gharana system was greatly influenced by the gradual fall of the Mughal Empire, which forced musicians to move from Delhi to princely states such as Gwalior, Lucknow, Hyderabad, Patiala and Rampur.

The gharanas have distinct styles of presenting the khyal — how much to emphasize and how to enunciate the words of the composition, when to sing the sthayi and antara, whether to sing an unmetered alap in the beginning, what kinds of improvisations to use, how much importance to give to the rhythmic aspect, and so on. However, an individual performer from a gharana may choose to borrow appealing stylistic aspects of another gharana in his or her gayaki (singing style). There are ten prominent khyal gharanas, and they are: {| class="wikitable sortable" ! class="unsortable"|Gharana !! Founding Artists !! Approximate founding date !! Famous Exponents !! Features & His 12 Students (Shah Bhikan) Taj Khan
 * Qawwal Bacchon ka gharana
 * Abu'l Hasan Yamīn ud-Dīn Khusrau
 * Abu'l Hasan Yamīn ud-Dīn Khusrau
 * 13th Century
 * Amir Khusrau Mir Bula Kalawant, Mir Hassan Sawant, Mir Gunwant, Shah Shah Sadarang, Shah Adarang, SheikhFiroz

(Rang Rus) Sheikh Ajmal (Miyan Achpal) Mir Qutub Baksh (Miyan Tanras) Haji Muhammed Siddiq Khan, Muzaffar Khan Members of this gharana approach raagdari with more freedom than the dhrupad-informed gharanas, like Gwalior, Jaipur, and Agra.
 * The Qawwal Bacchon Ka Gharana is the oldest khayal gharana of the Hindustani Classical music tradition.

Emphasis on bhav and exposition are the hallmarks of this style.

Repertoire
In addition to extensive khayal compositions, the gharana is known for its qawwals. Sawai Gandharva, Bhimsen Joshi, Prabha Atre, Hirabai Barodekar, Gangubai Hangal
 * Dilli gharana
 * Hazrat Amir Khusrau, Miyan Samti
 * 13th century
 * Sadarang, Adarang, Miyan Achpal, Tanras Khan, Mamman Khan, Chand Khan, Nasir Ahmed Khan, Krishna Bisht, Iqbal Ahmad Khan
 * Oldest Khayal gharana, wide range of taans,bol baant,bol taan,fast taan pattern, gamak taan, emphasis on melody and laykari, structured badhat of raga
 * Gwalior gharana
 * Nathan Pir Baksh, Hassu Khan, Haddu Khan, Nathu Khan
 * Mid 16th Century
 * Vishnu Digambar Paluskar, Omkarnath Thakur, Ghulam Hassan Shaggan, D. V. Paluskar, Pt Raja Bhaiya Poochwale, Pt. Balasaheb Poochwale, Sunanda Patnaik, Malini Rajurkar, Veena Sahasrabuddhe, N Rajam
 * The most noticeable trait of this gharana is strong emphasis on gamaks in taans, as well as use of Bol-baant, bol-taan, no use of sargam, wide range in taans, alankarik taans, descending sapaat taans, roughly similar emphasis on melody and rhythm, preference for simple (as opposed to compound) ragas, repertoire of bandishes, variety of taans
 * Agra gharana
 * Ghagge Khudabaksh
 * Mid-19th century
 * Faiyaz Khan, Vilayat Hussain Khan, Sharafat Hussain Khan, Jitendra Abhisheki
 * Closer to dhrupad with nom-tom type alap and other elements, rhythmic play, frequent use of tisra jati in teentaal, emphasis on voice culture to achieve wide range and powerful throw of voice, bol-baant, bol-taan, rare use of sargam, slower taans, use of jabda taan, repertoire of traditional and self-composed bandishes
 * Kirana gharana
 * Abdul Karim Khan, Abdul Wahid Khan
 * Late 17th century
 * "Proudh Gandharva" Pandit Vishwanathbuwa Jadhav, Pandit B. V. Jadhav, Pandit R. V. Jadhav, Shakuntlaraje R. Jadhav, Pandit P. V. Jadhav
 * Kirana gharana
 * Abdul Karim Khan, Abdul Wahid Khan
 * Late 17th century
 * "Proudh Gandharva" Pandit Vishwanathbuwa Jadhav, Pandit B. V. Jadhav, Pandit R. V. Jadhav, Shakuntlaraje R. Jadhav, Pandit P. V. Jadhav

Amir Khan (Highly Influenced from Kirana Gharana) Foremost intention of this gharana is perfect intonation of notes and emphasis on melody, Also, Slow-tempo raga development, long and sustained pitches, usually traditional ragas, use of sargam, very little bol-baant, clarity of text pronunciation, use of some Carnatic ragas and raga features, emphasis on vocal as opposed to instrumental form. Highly decorative and complex taans. Amir Khan (Highly Influenced from Bhendibazar Gharana) This Gharana is also known for its versatility, not only known for its Khayal singing but also for venturing into other forms of classical music and placing a strong foothold there as well. Emphasis on voice development, roughly similar emphasis on melody and rhythm, bol-baant-like sargam with occasional tonic transpositions, occasional use of bol-taan, variety of taans, fast sargam and taan patterns, may or may not include antara, influence of tappa style
 * Kirana is often considered to be the flag-bearer of Hindustani Classical vocal music.
 * Bhendibazaar gharana
 * Chhajju Khan, Nazeer Khan, Khadim Hussain Khan
 * Late 19th century
 * Aman Ali Khan, Anjanibai Malpekar
 * Aman Ali Khan, Anjanibai Malpekar
 * Emphasis on breath control to be able to sing long passages in a single breath, use of merukhand for extended alaps, use of gamak taan and sargam, use of some Carnatic ragas
 * Jaipur-Atrauli gharana
 * Alladiya Khan
 * Late 19th century
 * Kesarbai Kerkar, Mogubai Kurdikar, Mallikarjun Mansur, Kishori Amonkar, Ashwini Bhide-Deshpande
 * Repertoire of rare and complex ragas, based on Agra gharana, use of aakaar for badhat, heavy use of teentaal, rupak, jhaptaal and ada-chautaal, rhythmic play, use of bol-baant and bol-taan, rippling taans, heavy emphasis on taans
 * Patiala gharana
 * Bade Fateh Ali Khan, Ali Baksh Khan
 * Late 19th century
 * Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Fateh Ali-Amanat Ali Khan, Vasantrao Deshpande, Jagdish Prasad, Sandhya Mukherjee, Prasun Banerjee, Meera Banerjee, Ajoy Chakrabarty
 * Patiala is often considered to be the amalgamate of few pre-existing gharanas and has claimed to combine the musical traditions of Delhi gharana, Gwalior gharana and Jaipur-Atrauli Gharana and is known for borrowing elements from other gharanas.
 * Bade Ghulam Ali Khan, Fateh Ali-Amanat Ali Khan, Vasantrao Deshpande, Jagdish Prasad, Sandhya Mukherjee, Prasun Banerjee, Meera Banerjee, Ajoy Chakrabarty
 * Patiala is often considered to be the amalgamate of few pre-existing gharanas and has claimed to combine the musical traditions of Delhi gharana, Gwalior gharana and Jaipur-Atrauli Gharana and is known for borrowing elements from other gharanas.

 * Rampur-Sahaswan gharana
 * Inayat Hussain Khan
 * Mid 19th century
 * Mushtaq Hussain Khan, Shanno Khurana, Rashid Khan (musician), Nissar Hussain Khan, Ghulam Mustafa Khan (singer), Ghulam Sadiq Khan, Ghulam Abbas Khan
 * Emphasis on melody, bol-taans, sargam taans, highly varied aakar taans and good hold over laykari, along with strong command over Tarana
 * Indore gharana
 * Amir Khan
 * Mid 20th century
 * Slow-tempo and leisurely raga development, improvisation mostly in lower and middle octaves, tendency towards serious and expansive ragas, emphasis on melody, judicious use of pause between improvisations, bol alap and sargam using merukhand patterns, sparing application of murki, use of kan swaras in all parts of performance, controlled use of embellishments to preserve introspective quality, rare use of tihai, careful enunciation of text, may or may not include antara, multiple laya jatis in a single taan, mixture of taan types in a single taan, known for ruba'idar Tarana (considered similar to chhota khyal)
 * Mewati gharana
 * Ghagge Nazir Khan
 * Mid 19th century
 * Jasraj, Kala Ramnath, Sanjeev Abhyankar
 * Emphasis on melody, known for bhajans, sapaat taans and gamak taans, use of sargam
 * Sham Chaurasia gharana
 * Miyan Chand Khan, Miyan Suraj Khan
 * Late 16th century
 * Salamat Ali and Nazakat Ali Khan
 * Emphasis on layakari using bol-taan and tihai, fast sargam and taan patterns
 * Kunwar Shyam gharana
 * Goswami Lalji Maharaj ("Kunwar Shyam")
 * Late 19th century
 * Laxman Prasad Jaipurwale, Govind Prasad Jaipurwale, Bhavdeep Jaipurwale, Amit Chaudhuri
 * Meend-based alap, intracate taan patterns and laykari
 * }
 * Kunwar Shyam gharana
 * Goswami Lalji Maharaj ("Kunwar Shyam")
 * Late 19th century
 * Laxman Prasad Jaipurwale, Govind Prasad Jaipurwale, Bhavdeep Jaipurwale, Amit Chaudhuri
 * Meend-based alap, intracate taan patterns and laykari
 * }

Dhrupad gharanas
The dhrupad tradition includes four original styles:
 * Dagarbani ("sadharani geeti")
 * Gauharbani gharana|Gauharbani
 * Khandarbani gharana
 * Nauharbani gharana

Today's surviving dhrupad traditions are descendants of the aforementioned four styles.
 * Dagar gharana, founded by the Dagar family
 * Bishnupur gharana, founded by Kirtankars in West Bengal (13th century)
 * Darbhanga gharana, founded in Darbhanga, Bihar
 * Dumraon Gharana, Buxar,Bihar founded by Dumraon Maharaj, and musician Pandit Ghanarang Dubey
 * Bettiah gharana, founded in Bettiah, Bihar
 * Talwandi gharana
 * Mewati gharana, founded by Wahid Khan (Beenkar) and Ghagge Nazir Khan. Descended from Khandarbani gharana.
 * Kalpi gharana

Thumri gharanas
In the Benares gharana, the words in the text of a song are musically embellished to bring out their meaning, while the Lucknow gharana presents intricately embellished and delicate thumris that are explicit in their eroticism. The principal feature of the thumri of the Patiala gharana is its incorporation of the tappa from the Punjab region. It is with this tappa element that the Patiala gharana makes its impact, departing from the khyal-dominated Benares thumris and the dance-oriented Lucknow thumris. The Benares gharana was founded by Kirtankars in the 13th century and revived by Siddheshwari Devi, Rasoolan Bai, Badi Moti Bai, Mahadev Mishra, Girija Devi (mid-20th century) and Savita Devi.

Tabla gharanas
The following are the six widely accepted gharanas (ordered based on chronology of founding):
 * Delhi gharana is the oldest of the tabla gharanas
 * Ajrara gharana is an offshoot of and closely associated with the Delhi Gharana
 * Lucknow gharana has rhythmic development through Kathak
 * Benares gharana
 * Punjab gharana, popularized by Alla Rakha and Zakir Husain, developed through its original Pakhavaj repertoire
 * Farrukhabad gharana is the youngest accepted tabla gharana, and an offshoot of all of the Gharanas, featuring their main concepts

Wind and string instruments

 * Bishnupur gharana
 * Sufiana gharana of Kashmir (Santoor)

Sitar gharanas

 * Etawah gharana
 * Maihar gharana
 * Senia gharana
 * Indore gharana (Beenkar gharana)
 * Jaipur-Atrauli gharana
 * Mewati gharana

Sarod gharanas

 * Senia-Maihar gharana
 * Senia-Shahjahanpur gharana
 * Lucknow-Shahjahanpur gharana
 * Senia-Bangash gharana

Dance gharanas
In Kathak performers today generally draw their lineage from four major schools of Kathak: the Jaipur-Atrauli gharana, the Lucknow gharana, the Benares gharana (born in the courts of the Kachwaha Rajput kings, the Nawab of Oudh, and Varanasi respectively.) and the Raigarh gharana (born in the court of Maharaja Chakradhar Singh of Raigarh.)

The Lucknow gharana remains the most popular throughout the country. However, in recent time the Atrauli-Jaipur gharana has caught up and today most performers throughout India perform techniques belonging to both styles. With amalgamation of the techniques and poses from other dance forms, the purity of the movements and gestures may be diluted or modified along with the contemporary trends. Raigarh gharana is famous for its own distinctive composition and thousands of followers.

title: Gharana


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Pyroto Mountain

Pyroto Mountain is an online game based on answering trivia and skill-testing questions. It was originally developed to run as a stand-alone bulletin board system (BBS), later as a BBS door, and more recently as a web application.

History
Pyroto was originally designed in January 1986 in Turbo Pascal by the late Timothy Campbell of Pinnacle Software in the Montreal suburb Cartierville; Timothy later moved to Mount Royal. At the time, it was a complete BBS system that replaced the standard "forums" concept with a similar system hosted in a fantasy setting. Users took on the persona of characters climbing the mountain, talking to each other through "spells" as opposed to conventional messaging commands. In order to gain access to these spells, the user had to climb the mountain levels by answering trivia questions asked by the various "guardians", the computer itself. Players started able to answer only one question a day, and successful answers increased the player's rank, or position on the Mountain. Eventually they would grow to gain magical powers, allowing them to interact with other players, notably using the dreaded "REDUCE" command which would send the target down the mountain.

The new system first went online in February 1986, running on an original 4.77 MHz PC clone. One odd feature of the software is that it made a clicking sound on the server machine for every user keystroke, allowing the sysop (Campbell) to keep track of the activity by listening to the system. In mid-1986 the product was re-packaged as a BBS "door", allowing it to run as a stand-alone program "within" an existing BBS system. The first sale occurred in autumn of 1986. As the BBS world started to saturate in the late 1980s the system became more popular, although generally limited to a few specific markets; Montreal, Toronto and Phoenix. Campbell also wrote a spin-off version in 1988 known as Sapphire, which replaced the fantasy setting with more traditional commands. It was marketed to users who needed a small zero-maintenance system. By the time the BBS market was being eroded by the internet in the mid-1990s, about 200 officially licensed copies of Pyroto had been sold. The last copy of Pyroto sold as a BBS was in 1995.

An interview with Timothy Campbell, in which he discussed Pyroto Mountain, can be seen on the BBS Documentary.

In 1999 Campbell sold all rights for Pyroto Mountain to James Ludwick, who created the company Pyroto, Inc to market it. Campbell continued working with the system in an effort to adapt it to the web, including the ability to scale out to multiple "mountains". In its web-based version, users could also submit new questions into the system. Based upon how well these articles were received, the users grew in stature. Users could then use their stature to assist, impede or attack other users. Ludwick also adapted the basic system into a new game known as MultiMegaCorp, replacing the mountain setting with a business one.

As of December 2022, there is still one Pyroto Mountain BBS in existence that you can connect to using telnet (pyroto.mysticmountain.us:8086) or through a web interface provided by the Telnet BBS Guide.

title: Pyroto Mountain


text:
Talk:Tarrasch Defense

Old talk

 * When White plays against the Tarrasch, the most common setup is to fianchetto his king's bishop. This is because Black's 3...c5 has ruled out any possibility of blocking such a fianchettoed bishop by means of ...c6.

I don't play 1.d4 very much, so I may be wrong about this, but I thought the main idea of fianchettoing the bishop was to exert pressure on the isolani on d5 (after all, if Black playing ...c5 was in itself a good reason to fianchetto that bishop, everyone would play 2.g3 against the Sicilian!). Am I wrong? --Camembert
 * No you're not. I will go ahead and add that as a reason. As for the Sicilian analogy, White often fianchettos his bishop in the Closed Sicilian (2.Nc3), but such a plan is a little time consuming in the main, open lines of the Sicilian where speed is critical. Sjakkalle 14:54, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Semi-Tarrasch
I believe the section on the Semi-Tarrasch belongs with the QGD, not here, as it has nothing to do with 3....c5, really. Any other opinions on this? Hushpuckena (talk) 07:26, 18 August 2009 (UTC)

 * Books such as Modern Chess Openings classify it as you said, so I say go ahead and make the change. This article would then need to link to the Semi-Tarrasch section.  Bubba73 (talk), 19:44, 18 August 2009 (UTC)

 * Regardless of where the Semi-Tarrasch is placed, the defining moves of the Semi-Tarrasch are 1. d4 d5 2. c4 e6 3. Nc3 Nf6 4. Nf3 c5, i.e. what makes it an S-T is Black having the opportunity to recapture on d5 with the knight, not necessarily 5. cxd5 Nxd5 being played immediately. (The exchange is most common but 5. e3 is a book alternative.) I'm going to amend the diagram to give the position after Black's 4th. 91.105.18.180 (talk) 17:08, 17 February 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tarrasch Defense


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Logba language

Logba is a Kwa language spoken in the south-eastern Ghana by approximately 7,500 people. The Logba people call themselves and their language Ikpana, which means ‘defenders of truth’. Logba is different from Lukpa of Togo and Benin, which is also sometimes referred to as Logba.

Classification
The first published treatment of Logba was a short grammar by Diedrich Hermann Westermann (1903). Westermann included Logba in his group of Togo Restsprachen (Togo Remnant languages), a terminology adopted by several subsequent researchers. Dakubu and Ford (1988) renamed this cluster the Central Togo languages but since Ring (1995) they are commonly referred to as Ghana–Togo Mountain languages. The dozen or so Ghana–Togo Mountain languages are part of the Kwa branch of the Niger–Congo family.

Geography and demography
The Logba people live in the Volta Region of Ghana, east of the Volta Lake in the mountains of the Ghana–Togo borderland. Most Logba towns and villages are situated along the trunk road from Accra to Hohoe. They include the following settlements: Wuinta, Akusame, Adiveme, Andokɔfe, Adzakoe, Alakpeti, Klikpo, and Tota. Tota is located high in the Ghana–Togo Mountains to the east of the Accra–Hohoe road. Alakpeti is the commercial centre of Logba, while Klikpo is traditionally the seat of the head of the Logba people. The Logba people are primarily subsistence farmers, producing cassava, maize, yams and forest fruits, supplemented by cash crops like cocoa, coffee and sawn mahogany logs. The Logba area is known for its scenery, which includes waterfalls, cliffs, and limestone formations, including one or two known small caves with minor speleothems.

The dominant language in the region is Ewe, closely followed by Twi. Most Logba people are bilingual in Ewe. South of the Logba area live the Avatime people. Logba is only distantly related to its direct neighbours Avatime and Nyagbo-Tafi; according to Bernd Heine (1968) it is more closely related to the Akpafu and Santrokofi languages spoken northwards.

It is generally agreed that the Logba people are not the original inhabitants of the area they now reside in. There have been two hypotheses as to the origin of the Logba people. Heine (1968, following Debrunner), proposed that the Logba are descendants from the makɔ́ people, having fled south after a defeat in the second half of the 18th century.

Phonology
Logba has a nine vowel system with ATR vowel harmony. Vowel harmony in Logba is root-controlled, which means that the vowels of its nominal prefixes harmonize with the vowels of the root. Vowels are nasalized when they occur in the immediate environment of a nasal consonant.

Logba is a tonal language with two level tones: High and Low. These tones can be combined on one syllable, yielding a Rising or Falling contour tone.

All syllables are open in Logba. Every syllable bears a tone. The basic syllable structure can be rendered as (C1)(C2)V+T, where C = consonant, V = vowel or syllabic nasal, and T = tone. Dorvlo (2004) distinguishes three types of syllables:
 * 1) Nucleus only, consisting of a vowel or a syllabic nasal. This type is found only in pronouns and nominal prefixes. Examples: ɛ́-mɔ́ 'they laughed'; ɔ́-zɔ́ 'he/she went'; n-dà 'liquor'.
 * 2) Onset and nucleus. This is the most common syllabe type in Logba; most words are of this form. In multisyllabic words, it can occur in all positions. Examples: bà ‘come’; gbà ‘sweep’; bìsí ‘cola nut’
 * 3) Complex onset and nucleus. Only /r/ and /l/ occur as the second consonant of the complex onset. This syllable type can also form a word by itself. In multisyllabic words, in can occur in all positions. Examples: à-klɔ́   ‘goat’; trò ‘refuse’; ìvàflí   ‘(thing) white’.

Consonants
The consonants of Logba are as follows:

s, z, ts, and dz are palatalized to ʃ, ʒ, tʃ, and dʒ respectively, when they occur before i. In the Tota dialect, t and d are pronounced as ts and dz before u.

Tone
Logba is a tonal language with two tones, high and low. There are a few words which have rising tone, all of which are either loanwords such as zenklǎ (pot stand), a loan from Ewe, or are ideophonic, such as tǒ (to fell palm trees), which imitates the sound of a palm tree falling. Monosyllabic verbs which have a low tone in their uninflected form gain high tone when inflected.

title: Logba language


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Amadou Hampâté Bâ

Amadou Hampâté Bâ (𞤀𞤸𞤥𞤢𞤣𞤵 𞤖𞤢𞤥𞤨𞤢𞥄𞤼𞤫 𞤄𞤢𞥄, 1900/1901 – 15 May 1991) was a Malian writer, historian and ethnologist. He was an influential figure in twentieth-century African literature and cultural heritage. He was a champion of Africa's oral tradition and traditional knowledge and is remembered for the saying: "whenever an old man dies, it is as though a library were burning down" ("un vieillard qui meurt, c'est une bibliothèque qui brûle").

Biography
Amadou Hampâté Bâ was born to an aristocratic Fula family in Bandiagara, the largest city in Dogon territory and the capital of the precolonial Masina Empire. At the time of his birth, the area was known as French Sudan as part of colonial French West Africa, which was formally established a few years before his birth. After his father's death, he was adopted by his mother's second husband, Tidjani Amadou Ali Thiam of the Toucouleur ethnic group. He first attended the Qur'anic school run by Tierno Bokar, a dignitary of the Tijaniyyah brotherhood, then transferred to a French school at Bandiagara, then to one at Djenné. In 1915, he ran away from school and rejoined his mother at Kati, where he resumed his studies.

In 1921, he turned down entry into the école normale in Gorée. As a punishment, the governor appointed him to Ouagadougou in a role he later described as that of "an essentially precarious and revocable temporary writer". From 1922 to 1932, he held several posts in the colonial administration in Upper Volta, now Burkina Faso, and from 1932 to 1942 in Bamako. In 1933, he took six months' leave to visit Tierno Bokar, his spiritual leader. (See also:Sufi studies)

In 1942, he was appointed to the Institut Français d’Afrique Noire (IFAN — the French Institute of Black Africa) in Dakar, thanks to the benevolence of Théodore Monod, its director. At IFAN, he made ethnological surveys and collected traditions. For 15 years he devoted himself to research, which would later lead to the publication of his work L'Empire peul de Macina (The Fula Empire of Macina). In 1951, he obtained a UNESCO grant, enabling him to travel to Paris and meet with intellectuals from Africanist circles, notably Marcel Griaule.

With Mali's independence in 1960, Bâ founded the Institute of Human Sciences in Bamako, and represented his country at the UNESCO general conferences. In 1962, he was elected to UNESCO's executive council, and in 1966 he helped establish a unified system for the transcription of African languages.

His term in the executive council ended in 1970, and he devoted the remaining years of his life to research and writing. In 1971, he moved to the Marcory suburb of Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, and worked on classifying the archives of West African oral tradition that he had accumulated throughout his lifetime, as well as writing his memoirs (Amkoullel l'enfant peul and Oui mon commandant!, both published posthumously). He died in Abidjan in 1991.

Notable works

 * L'Empire peul du Macina (1955)—The Fula Empire of Macina
 * Vie en enseignement de Tierno Bokar, le sage de Bandiagara (1957, rewritten in 1980)—The Life and Education of Tierno Bokar, the Wise Man of Bandiagara
 * translated into English and published as A Spirit of Tolerance: The Inspiring Life of Tierno Bokar (2008)
 * Kaïdara, récit initiatique peul (1969)
 * L'étrange destin du Wangrin (1973)
 * translated into English and published as The Fortunes of Wangrin (1987)
 * awarded the Grand prix littéraire d'Afrique noire (1974)
 * L'Éclat de la grande étoile (1974)—The Brightness of the Great Star
 * Jésus vu par un musulman (1976)—Jesus, as Viewed by a Muslim
 * Petit Bodiel (conte peul) et version en prose de Kaïdara (1977)—Little Bodiel (a Fula tale) and a prose version of Kaïdara
 * Njeddo Dewal, mère de la calamité (1985)—Njeddo Dewal, Mother of Calamity
 * La poignée de poussière, contes et récits du Mali (1987)—A Handful of Dust, Malian Stories
 * Kaïdara (1988)—Kaydara: The Mysterious Journey

Memoirs

 * Amkoullel, l'enfant peul (1991)—Amkoullel, the Fula Child
 * Oui mon commandant! (1994)—Yes, My Commander (published posthumously)

title: Amadou Hampâté Bâ


text:
Sylvester Medal

The Sylvester Medal is a bronze medal awarded by the Royal Society for the encouragement of mathematical research, and accompanied by a £1,000 prize. It was named in honour of James Joseph Sylvester, the Savilian Professor of Geometry at the University of Oxford in the 1880s, and first awarded in 1901, having been suggested by a group of Sylvester's friends (primarily Raphael Meldola) after his death in 1897. Initially awarded every three years with a prize of around £900, the Royal Society have announced that starting in 2009 it will be awarded every two years instead, and is to be aimed at 'early to mid career stage scientist' rather than an established mathematician. The award winner is chosen by the Society's A-side awards committee, which handles physical rather than biological science awards.

, 45 medals have been awarded, of which all but 10 have been awarded to citizens of the United Kingdom, two to citizens of France and United States, and one medal each has been won by citizens of New Zealand, Germany, Austria, Russia, Italy, Sweden and South Africa. three women have won the medal, Mary Cartwright in 1964, Dusa McDuff in 2018, and Frances Kirwan in 2021.

title: Sylvester Medal


text:
Abhijeet Sawant

Abhijeet Sawant is an Indian singer, television actor, anchor and the winner of first season of Indian Idol. He was the first runner up of Jo Jeeta Wohi Super Star and finished third in Asian Idol.

Early life
Sawant was born on 8 October 1980. He grew up in the Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra and developed an interest in music. After graduating from Chetana College of Commerce & Economics, Sawant became keen on joining and working in the music industry.

Singing
Abhijeet Sawant won the first season of Indian Idol, an adaptation of the Pop Idol format, in 2004. His first solo album, Aapka Abhijeet Sawant, was released on 7 April 2005. That year he also did playback singing in the movie Aashiq Banaya Aapne, performing the song Mar Jaawan Mit Jaawan.

His second album, Junoon, was released on 10 July 2007. The title track charted in India.

Abhijeet Sawant was a finalist of Clinic All Clear Jo Jeeta Wohi Superstar on Star Plus in 2008. The show was a competition between the winners and runners-up of various singing reality shows on Indian television. Sawant became the first runner up of the show.

He released his third studio album in 2013 which was titled Farida.

Acting
Sawant made his acting debut in the movie Lottery in 2009. He also made a small appearance at the end of film Tees Maar Khan.

He made a special appearance as himself in the romantic drama series Kaisa Ye Pyar Hai and thriller crime series C.I.D.

Other
Sawant and his wife Shilpa participated in the Dancing Reality Show Nach Baliye (Season 4) in (2008–2009). They were eliminated after facing public votes.

He co-hosted Indian Idol 5 along with Hussain Kuwajerwala.

He has joined the Shiv Sena with a mandate to attract youth to the party fold.

Discography
Original Albums

 * 1) Aap Kaa Abhijeet Sawant — 2005, Sony BMG Music India
 * 2) Junoon — 2007, Sony BMG Music India
 * 3) Farida — 2013, Universal Music India
 * 4) Fakira — 2018, Universal music India

Filmography

 * Lottery (2009) as Rohit Awasthi
 * Tees Maar Khan (2010) as himself (special appearance)

Television

 * Indian Idol (2004–2005) as contestant (Winner)
 * Kaisa Ye Pyar Hai (2005) as himself
 * C.I.D (2005) as himself
 * Asian Idol (2007) as contestant
 * Jo Jeeta Wohi Super Star as contestant
 * Nach Baliye (2008–2009) as contestant
 * Indian Idol 5 (2010) as host
 * Comedy Circus (2011) as contestant
 * Comedy Nights with Kapil (2015) as singer
 * Love Me India (2018) as mentor

title: Abhijeet Sawant


text:
Miles Hunt

Miles Stephen Hunt (born 29 July 1966) is an English singer, songwriter and guitarist. He fronts the alternative rock band The Wonder Stuff.

Early life
His father was a union official for the TGWU. In the 1970s, his father was based at Derby, and they lived in Etwall, Derbyshire, for four years, with Hunt attending the Etwall Junior School and his brother attending the John Port School.

Career
Hunt's first band (in which he played drums) was called From Eden, and featured future members of another successful Stourbridge group, Pop Will Eat Itself. After leaving this band he formed The Wonder Stuff and was their lead singer and principal songwriter until their split in 1994. He briefly presented 120 Minutes on MTV Europe until mid '95, when he formed a new band Vent 414 who failed to match the success of his former band. He toured as a solo performer for a time until he reformed The Wonder Stuff in 2000. The band continue to tour. He also co-wrote and sang the theme tune to the CBeebies television programme Underground Ernie.

Over the last few years he has written a series of printed and online articles for Nottingham-based culture magazine LeftLion. He also performed at the festival Bearded Theory on 15 May 2011 with Erica Nockalls.

Personal life
A former girlfriend is Helga Phillips who is now the partner of Jonn Penney, the lead singer of Ned's Atomic Dustbin, and who designed the distinctive covers of Ned's albums.

Hunt married radio DJ Mary Anne Hobbs in April 1990, in the London borough of Tower Hamlets. She was working for the NME at the time. They were married for five years. He is currently single. His uncle, Bill Hunt, played keyboards and horns in an early incarnation of Electric Light Orchestra and later in Wizzard.

Vent 414

 * Vent 414 (1996)
 * The Post Album Demos (2009)

Solo

 * Miles Across America (1998)
 * By The Time I Got To Jersey [also known as "Common Threads Live"] (1998)
 * Hairy On The Inside (1999)
 * MP3 Of The Month Club (2000)
 * The Miles Hunt Club (2002)
 * Interloper Live 2006 (2006)
 * The Custodian (2018)
 * The Custodian 2 (2021)
 * Things Can Change (2022)

With Erica Nockalls

 * Not An Exit (2007)
 * Catching More Than We Miss (2009)
 * Shared [Various Artists - includes 3 tracks by Miles and Erica] (2009)
 * Shared 2 [Various Artists - includes 2 tracks by Miles and Erica] (2011)
 * Live 2010/11 (2011)
 * We Came Here To Work (2017)

Singles and EPs

 * Fixer - Vent 414 (1996)
 * Life Before You - Vent 414 (1996)
 * Life's Great EP (2000)
 * Five Songs EP (2000)
 * Everything Is Not OK (2002)
 * The Miles Hunt Club EP (2002)
 * Stay Scared, Stay Tuned - with Erica Nockalls (2009)
 * We Came Here To Work - with Erica Nockalls (2017)

title: Miles Hunt


text:
Here to Stay (Korn song)

"Here to Stay" is a song by American nu metal band Korn that appears on the band's fifth studio album, Untouchables as the album's opening track. It was released as the album's first single in June 2002. The song won the 2003 Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance, as well as winning an award for Best International Video on MuchMusic in 2002. It was also nominated for Best Rock Video at the 2002 MTV Video Music Awards and Best Single at the 2002 Kerrang! Awards. The music video, directed by The Hughes Brothers was highly successful, and gained frequent airplay on MTV and MuchMusic in particular, featuring the band members on a TV screen amongst major world issues at the time. The video won a 2002 Metal Edge Readers' Choice Award for Music Video of the Year. The song has become a staple of the band's live show to this day. Dizzee Rascal samples this song on his single, "Sirens" from his album, Maths + English.

Release and reception
"Here to Stay" was released to US radio stations in February 2002 as a promotional single. The retail version was released on the same day as Untouchables, June 11, 2002. A box set was later released, which included all three editions of the "Here to Stay" single. There is also a one-track promotional single of the Mindless Self Indulgence remix, which is difficult to find. This remix is also found on the DVD single of "Thoughtless".

Electronic musician BT also remixed the song that same year.

"Here to Stay" was Korn's first single to enter the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #72. It has also been widely considered to be one of Korn's best songs. In 2019, Loudwire ranked the song number five on their list of the 50 greatest Korn songs, and in 2021, Kerrang ranked the song number three on their list of the 20 greatest Korn songs.

Live performance
In the concert version of the song, small changes are made to the song, such as the guitar riff played by Head in the background being removed during the outro of the song. The line "fucked up feelings again" in the pre-chorus of the song is often left for the audience to sing instead of Davis while rest of the band members momentarily stop playing their instruments in order to hear the fans' voices more clearly.

Track listing
CD single:
 * 1) "Here to Stay" – 4:31

DVD single:
 * 1) "Here to Stay" (Extended video)
 * 2) "Here to Stay" (Short video)

EP:
 * 1) "Here To Stay - T Ray's Mix"
 * 2) "Here To Stay - T Ray's Mix Instrumental"
 * 3) "Here To Stay - BT's Managed Anger Mix"
 * 4) "Here To Stay - BT-Korn Instrumental"
 * 5) "Here To Stay - Remixed By MINDLESS SELF INDULGENCE"
 * 6) "Here To Stay - Tone Toven And Sleep Remix"

Music video
The music video, directed by the Hughes Brothers, portrays a boy watching subliminal messages on TV while flipping channels between shows (which consist of real-world events) and the band playing in the TV against a static backdrop. In the end, Jonathan takes the boy into the TV. The video for "Here to Stay" also marks the first video appearance of Jonathan's unique microphone stand designed by H. R. Giger. There is also a "clean" version of the music video which shows the boy being taken into the TV at the beginning. This version omitted the explicit words and all of the real-event videos. The point of view is "inside" the TV instead of outside it. This version is the one shown at Sony BMG's official YouTube channel.

Appearances in media

 * The song is featured on the soundtrack to the 2002 video game ATV Offroad Fury 2.
 * Featured in the adverts of the Spanish TV channel Cuatro, during the UEFA Euro 2008. In the adverts, Spain striker Fernando Torres and goalkeeper Iker Casillas are shown fighting with robots to win the ball. A small sample of the beginning of the song (the main riff) can be heard at the end of the advert.
 * Professional boxer Kelly Pavlik used the song as his entrance music.
 * American sports channel NESN used the intro of the song on a highlight reel.
 * This song is featured on an episode of Pimp My Ride International, Season 1 episode 4.

title: Here to Stay (Korn song)


text:
Ashfield F.C.

Ashfield Football Club are a Scottish football club originally based in the Possilpark area of north Glasgow. The club compete in the and wear black and white hooped strips.

Formed in 1886, they were based at Saracen Park, which they shared latterly with the Glasgow Tigers speedway team; Ashfield moved in December 2022 to the Stepford Football Centre in Swinton and were promoted at the end of the season to the West of Scotland League First Division. They will continue to play at Stepford until a new ground is located/built.

In July 2018, former Ashfield player Paul Maxwell took over as manager; with former player Ryan Cairley taking over as assistant, and after four successful years moved to take up role of managing director. Michael Oliver took over the reins in June 2022; supported by assistant manager Jamie Broadfoot.

Honours
Promotion from the WoS PDM Buildbase Second Division 2022/2023
 * Scottish Junior Cup
 * Winners: 1893–94, 1894–95, 1904–05, 1909–10
 * Runners-up: 1913–14, 1920–21
 * Central Junior Football League
 * Winners: 1952–53, 1954–55
 * Glasgow Junior Football League
 * Winners: 1905–06, 1906–07, 1907–08, 1908–09, 1909–10, 1920–21
 * Scottish Intermediate Football League
 * Winners: 1928–29
 * West Super League First Division
 * Winners: 2010–11
 * Central League C Division
 * Winners: 1968–69
 * West Region Central Second Division
 * Winners: 2006–07
 * Central Region Division Two
 * Winners: 1990–91

Other Honours

 * Evening Times Cup winners 2011–12
 * West of Scotland Junior Cup winners: 1927–28, 1928–29
 * Glasgow Junior Cup winners: 1893–94, 1905–06, 1906–07, 1907–08, 1908–09, 1909–10, 1914–15, 1925–26, 1951–52, 1952–53, 1962–63
 * Glasgow Dryburgh Cup: 1926–27, 1928–29, 1946–47, 1952–53, 1962–63
 * Maryhill Charity Cup: 1898, 1918

Former players
1. Players that have played/managed in the Football League or any foreign equivalent to this level (i.e. fully professional league).
 * Johnny Quigley - Nottingham Forest, Huddersfield Town, Bristol City, Mansfield Town
 * Walter Smith - Dundee Utd, Glasgow Rangers, Everton, Scotland
 * Bobby Parker
 * Bill Finlayson

2. Players with full international caps.
 * Archie Gray
 * Tommy Ring
 * Alex Massie
 * Alex James
 * Bobby Neill
 * Jimmy Gibson
 * Johnny Crum
 * Jimmy Blair
 * Stevie Chalmers

3. Players that hold a club record or have captained the club.

title: Ashfield F.C.