text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Head popes

 * This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record.

The result of the debate was speedy delete --Carnildo 23:54, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Head popes
Doesn't seem real. I did a Google search but I didn't see anything relevant (felt foolish doing it I have to admit). I sure haven't heard of this concept. Delete. Rx StrangeLove 17:45, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, hoax. Megan1967 19:54, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete it - it's a feeble joke. DavidWBrooks 20:06, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * You're right, I went ahead and put a speedy on it. I'm probably over cautious. Rx StrangeLove 20:30, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy as patent nonsense. — Asbestos | Talk  22:06, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Peter Andre

Neighbours?
Did Peter Andre appear on Neighbours as the article states? I didn't think he did. If so who did he play?

Michael Jackson impersonations on Aussie Talent TeeVee show
One of these Before They Were Famous progs shows Andre doing all these MJ type moves on this Aussie Talent show from about 1992 and looking like a fool (which is why canned laughter was put over the top of the footage). What was this show? Young Talent Time, New Faces?

Hi anon user pls sign your question. Andre's first appearance when scouted by Molly Meldrum was New Faces, and in 1992 everybody looked like a fool, even those guys from Miami Vice - but foolish things become fashionable in 20 year cycles :) T --T3Smile 16:34, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

Who tweaked this page?
It's pretty darn funny, but someone who actually cares about the guys music (do they exist?) ought to clean the page up. I'm also quite sure he didn't release a song about stuffing his balls into someone's gob... :/

 * I don't care about the music... I've just made some improvements because he's got my name! --PeterKristo 08:14, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

Get Down On It
The song "Get Down On It" that Peter Andre did a rendition of (which was originally done by Kool & The Gang), does anyone know what year it was released?? I think it was something like 1998 or 1999? Can't remember! -- Sarz 13:03, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

 * 1996, http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=17:551451 davewho2 08:46, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

Best person to ask is Anthony Chidiac He managed group "Past II Present" that sung backup to Peter in the later years and on that track - off the top of my head it was released on chidiacs TV show "Turn It Up" in and or around August 1995? YouTube link says november - heres the YouTube sample of the TV show.--T3Smile 16:35, 5 August 2007 (UTC) and  - Blocked as sockpuppets. See SSP Achidiac -- Jreferee    t / c  15:53, 6 November 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one article was rated and this bot brought all the other ratings up to at least that level. BetacommandBot 01:54, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

Too many bananas?
Is it tue that he overdosed on potassium once because he ate too many bananas?Musungu jim (talk) 17:34, 12 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Theres a source, but the source doesn't seem super reliable. I'm keen to remove the claim but I think I'll leave it wikipedians with a stronger interest in peter andre :) Coolug (talk) 11:43, 12 February 2010 (UTC)

Semi-protected
Should there be an editing lock on this? It's getting loads of vandalism due the gay rumours.86.134.183.60 (talk) 16:38, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

yup = D —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.66.8.183 (talk) 12:36, 18 August 2009 (UTC)

Surname
On the ITV2 show Peter and Katie, it was revealed by the couple that Peter Andre's real name is Peter Andreas when they were filling in forms for a new passport for one of their children. I assume 'Andre' is his anglicised or stage name. I changed it but someone has since changed it back to Andre! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.240.204.12 (talk) 17:56, 2 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Actually, I think it's Andrea. I remember reading something about him shortening it professionally to Andre so that people didn't pronounce it like the girl's name. So in effect, there are wrong parts in both this article and his wife's article. I don't believe there is an accent on the 'e', or an 's' on the end of the name. I won't change it because I don't have the time right now to look for reliable sources, but I'm about 90% sure the legal surname is Andrea. If anybody is inclined to look it up, that would probably be the name to start with. Sky83 (talk) 16:51, 22 February 2009 (UTC)

 * His marriage (marriage index 1984-2005) and son's birth (birth index 1984-2006) are both registered under Andrea: Nietzsche 2 (talk) 01:18, 2 March 2009 (UTC)

Parentage
Early in the article, he is described as of Greek Cypriot descent, but later his parents are described as Greek. Are his parents Greek or Cypriot? 212.84.105.221 (talk) 21:43, 27 January 2009 (UTC)

 * That isn't necessarily a dichotomy, considering Cyprus has been divided along the Green Line between Turks and Greeks for many years now. He can be both, although a reliable source for either would be welcome. Have you followed the references? -- Rodhull andemu  22:18, 27 January 2009 (UTC)

Requested move
I've requested this page be moved to Peter Andre (without the é) as this is how his name appears to be spelt. His recent book and his website all appear to confirm this. I can't find any examples of it being spelt André in his work. --hippo43 (talk) 00:02, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I've ✅ this as the balance of sources suggest no accent; there will be a redirect from the old title in any case. Rodhull  andemu  00:07, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Thanks. --hippo43 (talk) 00:14, 15 May 2009 (UTC)

Mysterious hidden text
There is text that reads "dfhgfgdfgdkjg dgh dfghd" between the bibliography and discography that doesn't seem to be present in the edit page? 41.213.126.5 (talk) 17:23, 26 May 2009 (UTC)

 * ✅ template vandalism; reverted and protected. Thanks for flagging it up. Rodhull  andemu  17:33, 26 May 2009 (UTC)

Citizenship
The first sentence states he is English. However, he is in several Australian categories, but only one British one. I know he is of Greek Cypriot parents, born in England and grew up in Australia, but which citizenship(s) does he currently hold? Information yes (talk) 11:09, 7 August 2009 (UTC)

Reworded Jade Goody
I have reworded the Jade Goody article as it took me 3 attempts to get what the person was saying. M J Duly 00:22, 16 August 2009 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Michaelduly (talk • contribs)

News of The World
There's no mention of the News of The World Exlcusive 2 weeks ago where he gives his account of Katie Price having an affair, shall I add it in? Heliosphere (talk) 18:06, 17 August 2009 (UTC)

 * I think it is probably notable that he claims no fault and she had an affair and broke the marriage rather than him but she might equally claim it wasn't her fault. I'd still be very cautious about including it, include "direct quotes" and make sure to say 'reportedly' or according to the News of the World would be wise and including another additional reference would help too. -- Horkana (talk) 23:06, 1 September 2009 (UTC)

 * Actually the explanation on her page is quite good, a counter response showing his side to balance it out might be good. You'd probaby need to repeat her claim of it just being jealousy. -- Horkana (talk) 23:16, 1 September 2009 (UTC)

Jonathan Ross
He appeared on the Jonathan Ross Show but there are no references? Heliosphere (talk) 19:27, 21 September 2009 (UTC)

Edit request from 86.25.72.237, 2 November 2010
Under the discography in this article there is no mention of his new album (Accelerate). Needs to be added with the year (2010) and preferably a link to the wikipedia page about it. Thanks.

86.25.72.237 (talk) 21:55, 2 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done. Also added it to Accelerate (disambiguation). Thanks, Stickee (talk)  02:52, 3 November 2010 (UTC)

Tone
The entire article seems to flit between Peter and Andre as a pronoun (Andre is correct). The tone is particularly poor in the first paragraph of his career. The blurb about the fragrance is unintentionally funny - but also blatant advertising. The whole thing needs a cleanup - and his discography page also has a concern as well, which was hilariously wrong. Oh dear!--Tuzapicabit (talk) 03:09, 18 December 2010 (UTC)

UK bias
Why is this article written with such UK bias? Peter Andre had a highly successful music career in Australia for years before he started having success in the UK and none of it is mentioned in the article! Just look at the discography page if you need any proof. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.7.227.136 (talk) 03:02, 23 October 2011 (UTC)

 * Please be bold and feel free to edit and add any missing information. Carl Sixsmith (talk) 19:23, 28 October 2011 (UTC)

Origin?
Why is Cyprus marked as "origin" where he was born in London and grew up in Australia? Shouldn't 'Origin' be London as he was born there, or Australia as he never resided in Cyprus? What are the guidelines for this in biographies? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.19.48.130 (talk) 08:43, 26 October 2011 (UTC)
 * The guidelines for the template are at Template:Infobox_musical_artist:
 * "The city from which the singer or group originated (that is, the city where the group was founded; or the city where individual performers started their career, should it not match the location of their birth). If the city is not known, specify at least the country."
 * I'm not too familiar with his origins of his career, but the article would seem to suggest Australia might be the more appropriate value. -- zzuuzz (talk) 08:54, 26 October 2011 (UTC)

BLP violations
I've semi-protected this article for three days to prevent further BLP violations. Any one who is adding or restoring paragraphs of unsourced gossip and allegations needs to read or perhaps take a refresher look at WP:BLP, WP:RS, and WP:UNDUE. Jezebel's Ponyo bons mots 21:39, 6 February 2012 (UTC)

Can someone clarify?
Some of Pete's older brothers speak with distinct English accents. Can someone once and for all clear up what the picture is.

I gather, His parents came to the UK, where the brothers were all born and stayed for many years. As his brothers are all quite a lot older. He was born in the UK and at the age of something like 12 they moved to Oz. He then came back in his later teens when he hit with Mysterious Girl. Most of his family moved back with him and he was mainly resided in the UK.

Why is he described as English born Australian when he is clearly English born English. Or even English/Australian. According to his older brother Chris's website they emigrated to Oz in 1978, when Pete was 5. His brothers were much older. So they're English if hes not.

It depends which country he is a citizen of, which the article does not state. We shouldn't describe him as Australian unless we have a reliable source that says he took Australian citizenship. Jim Michael (talk) 11:41, 23 July 2013 (UTC)

Songs
When did someone hack away at this article? It used to have info on his hits Mysterious Girl and others????? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.156.89.109 (talk) 09:21, 19 July 2013 (UTC)

Intro
There is something wrong in the introduction, but I'm not sure how to correct it, could someone have a look? "Peter then went to marry Claire Louise Gurney in Exeter in 1992. They then went on the have 3 children". Kind regards, Vinvlugt (talk) 07:23, 14 August 2015 (UTC)

Birth place
Both references in the article list his birth place as London, specifically Harrow and not the Gold Coast in Australia. Here's quoting from Chapter 2 of his biography (ISBN 9781782196952): "At first glance you may be forgiven for thinking Peter James Andrea - born on 27 February 1973 at London's Northwick Park Hospital - had something of an idyllic childhood." and "Peter spent the first six years of his life at 1 Sudbury Court Road, Harrow - a typical 1970s family home."

-- zzuuzz (talk) 19:50, 29 December 2015 (UTC)

Chapter ONE, first sentence. ISBN 9781843582069 (Peter Andre: All About Us - My Story, by Peter Andre); "LIFE FOR PETER James Andrea, as I was in those days, began on 27 February 1973 at Northwick Park Hospital in Harrow, north-west London." -- zzuuzz (talk) 13:00, 4 January 2016 (UTC)

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license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Peter Andre


text:
User:RabidMonkey

http://www.rabidmnky.com

title: User:RabidMonkey


text:
Billy Rackard

Billy Rackard (14 April 1930 – 23 March 2009) was an Irish hurler and Gaelic footballer who played as a centre-back for the Wexford senior teams.

Regarded as one of Wexford's greatest players of all-time, Rackard made his first appearance for the team during the 1949–50 National League and was a regular member of the starting fifteen until his retirement before the 1964 championship. During that time he won three All-Ireland medals, six Leinster medals and two National Hurling League medals. Rackard was an All-Ireland runner-up on three occasions.

At club level Rackard was a five-time county club championship medalist with Rathnure.

Rackard's brothers, Nicky and Bobby, also experienced All-Ireland success with Wexford.

Club
Rackard played his club hurling with Rathnure and enjoyed much success in a lengthy career.

In 1948 he was a key member of the defence as Rathnure reached only their second championship decider ever. A 3–5 to 0–2 trouncing of reigning champions St. Aidan's gave Rackard his first championship medal.

After failing to retain their title the following year, Rathnure were back in the county decider once again in 1950. Another convincing 5–10 to 2–6 defeat of old rivals St. Aidan's gave Rackard his second championship medal.

It was 1955 before Rathnure qualified for another championship decider and four-in-a-row hopefuls St. Aidan's provided the opposition once again. A close game developed, however, a 2–9 to 2–5 victory gave Rackard a third championship medal.

After a number of years out of the limelight Rathnure reached the county final once again in 1961. A fourth defeat of St. Aidan's gave Rackard, who scored two goals from his full-forward berth, a fourth and final championship medal.

Rackard won a fifth and final championship medal in 1967.

Inter-county
Rackard first came to prominence on the inter-county scene as a member of the Wexford minor hurling team in the late 1940s. He enjoyed little success in this grade but was called up to the senior team in 1949 and made his debut in a National League game.

After losing the provincial final in 1950, Rackard was at wing-back the following year as Wexford faced Laois in the eastern decider. A 3–12 to 4–3 victory gave him his first Leinster medal as Wexford claimed the provincial crown for the first time since 1918. The subsequent All-Ireland decider saw three-in-a-row hopefuls Tipperary providing the opposition. Nicky Rackard's goal-scoring ability was quelled by Tipp goalkeeper Tony Reddin, while Séamus Bannon, Tim Ryan and Paddy Kenny scored key goals which powered Tipp to a 7–7 to 3–9 victory.

After back to back Leinster defeats over the next two years, Wexford faced Dublin in the 1954 decider. A huge 8–5 to 1–4 victory gave Rackard his second Leinster medal. A record crowd of 84,856 attended the subsequent All-Ireland decider with Cork providing the opposition. Wexford had a four-point lead with seventeen minutes left to play, however, history was against Rackard's side when Johnny Clifford scored the winning goal for Cork with just four minutes left. A 1–9 to 1–6 victory secured a third successive All-Ireland for Cork.

In 1955 Wexford continued their provincial dominance with Rackard collecting a third Leinster medal following a 5–6 to 3–9 defeat of Kilkenny in a replay of the Leinster final. Galway, who got a bye into the final without picking up a hurley, provided the opposition and took a half-time lead. A Tim Flood goal nine minutes from the end clinched a 3–13 to 2–8 victory and a first All-Ireland medal for Rackard. It was Wexford's first All-Ireland triumph in forty-five years.

Rackard added a National Hurling League medal to his collection in 1956 as Tipperary were bested by 5–9 to 2–14. The subsequent championship campaign saw Wexford reach the provincial final once again. A narrow 4–8 to 3–10 defeat of Kilkenny gave Rackard his fourth Leinster medal. Galway fell heavily in the All-Ireland semi-final, allowing Wexford to advance to an All-Ireland final meeting with Cork. The game has gone down in history as one of the all-time classics as Christy Ring was bidding for a record ninth All-Ireland medal. The game turned on one important incident as the Wexford goalkeeper, Art Foley, made a miraculous save from a Ring shot and cleared the sliotar up the field to set up another attack. Nicky Rackard scored a crucial goal with two minutes to go giving Wexford a 2–14 to 2–8 victory.

Two year later in 1958 Rackard added a second National League medal to his collection following a 5–7 to 4–8 defeat of Limerick.

In 1960 Wexford were back in the provincial decider. A narrow 3–10 to 2–11 defeat of Kilkenny gave Rackard his fifth Leinster medal. The All-Ireland decider saw Tipperary provide the opposition. A pitch invasion at the end resulted in much confusion, however, goals by Mick Hassett and Oliver McGrath gave Wexford a merited 2–15 to 0–11 victory. It was Rackard's third All-Ireland medal.

After surrendering their titles the following year, Wexford were back in 1962 with Rackard as captain. Another narrow 3–9 to 2–10 defeat of Kilkenny gave him a sixth Leinster medal. The All-Ireland final was a repeat of 1960 with Tipp, the reigning champions, lining out in opposition. Wexford got off to a disastrous start when Tom Moloughney and Seán McLoughlin scored goals for Tipp inside the first minute. Wexford fought back, however, Rackard's side were bested on a 3–10 to 2–11 score line.

Wexford faced early championship exits over the next two years and Rackard called time on his inter-county career in 1964.

Inter-provincial
Rackard also had the honour of being selected for Leinster in the inter-provincial series of games and enjoyed some success.

In 1954 he was on the extended panel as Leinster reached the final against Munster. He was introduced as a substitute and collected a Railway Cup medal following a low-scoring 0–9 to 0–5 victory.

Two years later he was on the starting fifteen as Leinster faced Munster once again. A 5–11 to 1–7 trouncing of their fierce rivals gave Rackard a second Railway Cup medal.

After five years of Munster dominance, Leinster fought back in 1962. A narrow 1–11 to 1–9 defeat of the six-in-a-row hopefuls gave Rackard a third Railway Cup medal.

Two years later Rackard added a fourth and final Railway Cup medal to his collection as Munster were bested once again in the decider.

Post-playing career
Rackard sought election to Dáil Éireann but did not win.

Team

 * Rathnure
 * Wexford Senior Club Hurling Championship (5): 1948, 1950, 1955, 1961, 1967

 * Wexford
 * All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (3): 1955, 1956, 1960
 * Leinster Senior Hurling Championship (6): 1951, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1960, 1962
 * National Hurling League (2): 1955–56, 1957–58

 * Leinster
 * Railway Cup (4): 1954, 1956, 1962, 1964

title: Billy Rackard


text:
Jean Le Moyne

Jean Le Moyne, (February 17, 1913 – April 1, 1996) was a Canadian theologian, journalist, social theorist, and screenwriter. He was appointed to the Senate of Canada in 1982.

Born in Montreal, Quebec, in 1961 he wrote Convergences, a collection of essays, which won him the 1961 Governor General's Award for French non-fiction. An English translation appeared in 1966. He won the Molson Prize in 1968.

In the mid-1960s Le Moyne, as a humanist, was interested in "the importance of developing a philosophically grounded approach to science and technology". His work in radio and television documentary during this period attests to this. One project with Claude Jutra, the documentary Comment savoir (1966), examined the role of technology in education.

In 1968 he moved from Montreal to Ottawa to work as a speechwriter and advisor for Pierre Trudeau, the recently elected Prime Minister of Canada.

On December 23, 1982 he was appointed to the Senate on Trudeau's recommendation, representing the senatorial division of Rigaud, Quebec. He retired on his 75th birthday on February 17, 1988. He sat as a Liberal.

In 1982, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada "in recognition of his important contribution to Canadian humanities".

title: Jean Le Moyne


text: User talk:156.33.109.49

title: User talk:156.33.109.49


text:
Rochester and Syracuse Railroad

The Rochester and Syracuse Railroad was incorporated on August 1, 1850. The Auburn and Rochester Railroad Company was incorporated May 13, 1836, and opened in August 1841. The Auburn and Syracuse Railroad Company was incorporated May 1, 1834, and opened in June 1838. Both railroads combined on August 1, 1850, and the consolidated company constructed the Direct Railway between Syracuse and Rochester.

New York Central railroad
The rail was consolidated into The New York Central Railroad Company under the act of 1853.

title: Rochester and Syracuse Railroad


text:
Cathedral of the Good Shepherd

The Cathedral of the Good Shepherd (善牧主教座堂) is the oldest Catholic church in Singapore, built in 1847. It is located in the Museum Planning Area within the Civic District.

Bounded by the parallel Queen and Victoria Streets, and Bras Basah Road, the cathedral sits within shaded grounds. Much of its architecture is reminiscent of two famous London churches namely St Paul's, Covent Garden and St Martin-in-the-Fields.

The Cathedral of the Good Shepherd is the cathedral church of the Archdiocese of Singapore and the seat of its archbishop. It is the final resting place of Bishop Edouard Gasnier, the first bishop of the revived Diocese of Malacca and aptly houses the relics of Saint Laurent-Marie-Joseph Imbert, to whom the owes its name.

Chapel
In the beginning, the Catholic community in Singapore attended Mass at the house of Denis Lesley McSwiney.

In 1832, construction began on the first permanent Catholic house of worship in Singapore. Financed through public subscriptions, the chapel, completed by 1833, was a small wood and attap structure measuring 60 feet long by 30 feet wide that had cost about 700 Spanish dollars to build. The chapel, with neither tower nor spire, was on the site of the former Saint Joseph's Institution buildings, now occupied by the Singapore Art Museum, and allotted by the Resident Councillor, George Bonham to Father Jean-Baptiste Boucho, a French missionary who had come from Penang. It was located in European Town, an area marked out in Sir Stamford Raffles' 1822 town plan as a residential area for Europeans, Eurasians and wealthy Asians.

Church of the Good Shepherd
In 1840, a subscription drive was started whereby Queen Marie-Amélie Thérèse of France and the Archbishop of Manila contributed 4,000 francs and about 3,000 Spanish dollars respectively. The Government Surveyor, John Turnbull Thomson, had prepared the first design for the church, but it was considered too expensive to build and difficult to maintain. The design that was accepted was that by Denis Lesley McSwiney, a design that was said to owe much to George Drumgoole Coleman's original Saint Andrew's Church. On 18 June 1843, the cornerstone for the church was blessed by Bishop Jean-Paul-Hilaire-Michel Courvezy, Vicar Apostolic of Malacca-Singapore, and was laid by John Connolly, a merchant. In 1847, a steeple was added. It was designed by Charles Andrew Dyce who modelled it on John Turnbull Thomson's design for the steeple added to the Saint Andrew's Church.

On 6 June 1847, the completed church was blessed and opened by Father Jean-Marie Beurel. The total payments amounted to 18,355.22 Spanish dollars.

Cathedral of the Good Shepherd
In 1888, the church was elevated to the status of cathedral when the Diocese of Malacca was revived. Bishop Edouard Gasnier, the first bishop of the revived Diocese of Malacca died in 1896 and is interred in the cathedral. His successor, Bishop René-Michel-Marie Fée, was the first bishop consecrated in the cathedral in 1896. Although the church was elevated to the status of cathedral in 1888, the consecration ceremony was performed only on 14 February 1897 when the cathedral had finally repaid its debts incurred from the extension of the nave in 1888. Improvements were gradually made to the cathedral. The dwarf wall, gate pillars, and ornamental cast iron gates and railings around the grounds were completed in 1908. The Gallery Organ was in place by 1912, while electric lighting came in 1913 and electric fans in 1914.

During the invasion of Singapore during World War II, the cathedral was used as an emergency hospital.

The Cathedral of the Good Shepherd was gazetted a national monument on 28 June 1973.

The cathedral went for a major structural restoration from 2013 to 2016 to address structural defects that resulted from new developments nearby. A new annexe building and basement to support the various functions of the cathedral were built. The restoration cost amounted to $42 million Singapore dollars.

Rationale for name
Saint Laurent-Marie-Joseph Imbert, who died a martyr in Korea, was probably the first priest to visit Singapore.

The dedication of the church to the Good Shepherd stems from the note written by Saint Laurent-Marie-Joseph Imbert to his fellow missionaries, Saints Pierre-Philibert Maubant and Jacques-Honoré Chastan, asking them to surrender to the Korean authorities to save their flocks from extermination during a period of Christian persecution in Korea. He had written, In desperate circumstances, the good shepherd lays down his life for his sheep. They did and the three of them were beheaded on 21 September 1839. News of this and their martyrdom reached Singapore at the time when an appropriate name was being considered for the church. The choice was made at the suggestion of Bishop Jean-Baptiste Boucho.

Significant dates

 * 1833 – First permanent Catholic house of worship in Singapore blessed and opened.
 * 1843 – Foundation stone laid by John Connolly on the Feast of Corpus Christi.
 * 1847 – Church of the Good Shepherd blessed and opened by Father Jean-Marie Beurel.
 * 1859 – Original Parochial House (now Archbishop's House) completed.
 * 1888 – Elevated to the status of cathedral when the Diocese of Malacca was revived.
 * 1888 – Extension of the nave at the west end completed.
 * 1897 – Consecration of the cathedral by Bishop René-Michel-Marie Fée.
 * 1909 – Dwarf wall, gate pillars, and ornamental cast iron gates and railings around the grounds completed.
 * 1911 – Second Parochial House (now Cathedral Rectory) designed by Father Charles-Benedict Nain completed.
 * 1912 – Gallery Organ dedicated by Bishop Marie-Luc-Alphonse-Emile Barillon.
 * 1913–1914 – Electric lights and fans introduced.
 * 1942 – Used as an emergency hospital during the invasion of Singapore.
 * 1973 – Gazetted a national monument.
 * 1983 – Sanctuary remodelled.
 * 1992 – Widening of Victoria Street causing the boundary of the grounds to be moved back.
 * 1994 – Choir Organ built by Robert Navaratnam.
 * 1997–1999 – Major restoration.
 * 2013–2016 – Second major restoration.
 * 2017 – Rededicated on 14 February 120 years after the original consecration in 1897.

Time capsule
In early 2016, beneath the cathedral's foundation stone, a shoebox-sized time capsule from 18 June 1843, was discovered and was found to include a prayer booklet and newspapers, and international coins. The capsule is thought to have been buried by French Catholic missionary priests and other founding communities of Singapore.

Architecture

The Cathedral of the Good Shepherd is built in a restrained Renaissance style. Its porticos are in the Palladian manner, which was established here by George Drumgoole Coleman. Its plan is in the form of a Latin cross and like all traditional churches, it is orientated east.

Steeple
The steeple, surmounted by a cross, consists of two sections. The first section is a square with each corner of the square marked by three engaged columns in the Ionic order. On each façade is an arched window. The four façades are topped with pediments ornamented with a circle. The cathedral's three bells are located inside this section and are decorated with religious motifs. Cast by the Crouzet-Hildebrand Foundry in Paris, the bells were originally hung for swing chiming, but electric tolling hammers have since replaced the long ropes for stationary chiming. During the 2016 restoration, following the stabilization and reinforcing of the tower's structure, the bells were re-hung for swing chiming with an electric motor. On the second section of the steeple is an octagon with each corner of the octagon marked by an engaged column in the Tuscan order. On each façade is a narrow rectangular window. The eight façades are topped with pediments.

Entrances
There are six entrances into the cathedral with the one fronting Victoria Street closed to public access. The entrances are porticoed and have heavily moulded pediments. All pediments are ornamented with a moulded circle at the centre and, except for the ones at the ends of the transept and the one fronting Victoria Street, all are surmounted with a cross. The main entrance at the west end of the cathedral serves as the porte-cochère. The two side entrances at the nave are in the form of diminutive porticos and are smaller and less imposing than the entrances at the ends of the transept.

At the main entrance are three doors. Apart from the main entrance, all other entrances, except for the one fronting Victoria Street, have only one door. The entrance fronting Victoria Street had three doors initially until the walling up of the centre door. All doors are double-leaf, of timber construct and, except for the two fronting Victoria Street, all are panelled. While the doors of the two side entrances at the nave are double the height of the doors found at the ends of the transept, these four doors have each a stained-glass window over them.

Over the centre door is a statue of the Good Shepherd in a niche, with an inscription over it that reads I am the Good Shepherd. Over each of the two doors flanking the centre door is an arched window.

Nave
The nave is a simple hall without aisles. There are two transepts, also without aisles, and these are screened off by two doric columns on each side.

Upon entering the cathedral through the centre door at the narthex, one will see the statues of Saint Anthony of Padua and Saint Francis Xavier, the four cast iron Composite columns supporting the gallery, and the two cast iron spiral staircases leading to the gallery. To the left sits a statue of the Pietà and a statue of Saint Joseph stands at the other end.

The eight large windows at the nave together with the other six at the transept and two at the sacristy are arched. There were originally eight large windows at the transept until the walling up of the two fronting Victoria Street. The original timber louvred casements of the windows were replaced by glass shutters with green glass in 1937. The stained glass windows in the lunettes of the nave and transept windows were presented to the cathedral by Bishop Charles Arsène Bourdon.

The timber ceiling is in a concave form and is made up of three rows of six rectangular panels. All eighteen panels are rather simply ornamented, with a simple rectangular border and a ceiling rose at their centres. The ceiling roses in the centre row are larger and more elaborate than those in the side rows. From the centre of each circle hangs a lamp. The ceiling edge ends in deeply moulded plaster cornice that runs along the length of the cathedral. As the height of the east end has been raised at different times, the dimensions of the entablature no longer relate to the columns properly, as their bases have been raised. The cathedral was once lit with Victorian crystal chandeliers, but these have since been replaced with simpler lamps.

There are two confessionals to the left and right side of the nave and they are topped with pediments ornamented with a circle and cross at the centre. The set of fourteen oil paintings on the walls of the nave depict the Way of the Cross. At the crossing is the final resting place of Bishop Edouard Gasnier, the first bishop of the revived Diocese of Malacca.

Gallery
The gallery, which is closed to public access, houses the Gallery Organ and an audio-visual control room.

Sanctuary
On the wall of the sanctuary is a crucifix, It is framed by a pediment and four pilasters – two pilasters on a pedestal on either side of it. This reredos is not original, and was installed sometime in the 1960s, and is typical of the period, using standard glass mosaic tiles to create a 'starburst' background to the crucifix, as a replacement for the original high altar arrangement that was removed following the Second Vatican Council. At one point, the cathedra was moved to this spot where the high altar once stood, with the altar being moved forward as a free-standing 'communion table' style altar to allow versus populum celebration of the Mass. Following the most recent restoration, the traditional placement of the cathedra, to one side of the altar, has been reinstated. However, the decision was made to retain the 1960s reredos instead of reinstating the original high altar. However, the tabernacle was returned to its rightful place at the centre of the church, and a new retable was built for it. On either side of the main altar are doors that lead to the sacristy. A new altar table was also installed, of white marble and a more sympathetic design than the previous one, with a roundel containing a depiction of the Agnus Dei at its centre. There were once niches over the doors (which were also round-headed to match the windows) on either side and in the centre that held statues, but they were filled in and plastered over at the time the reredos was replaced. Today the doors are of a more conventional rectangular shape, and where the niches once were is now blank wall that serves as projector screen. The four crosses engraved on marble slabs in the sanctuary together with the other eight in the nave make up the twelve consecration crosses put in place on the interior walls around the cathedral for its consecration in 1897. They may never be removed and are proof, in the absence of documents, that a church has been consecrated.

North transept
In the north transept stands a statue of Our Mother of Good Counsel in a niche topped by a pediment and flanked by two pilasters – each pilaster on a pedestal on either side of it. The north transept is where the baptistery is located. The statue of Our Mother of Good Counsel and the stained-glass window over the door hints to its previous designation as the Chapel of the Blessed Virgin Mary. On the walls are memorial plaques to early personalities of the church, notably, John Connolly and Bishop Michel-Esther Le Turdu. The relics of Saint Laurent-Marie-Joseph Imbert can be found enshrined in the wall at the right side of the door.

South transept
In the south transept stood the tabernacle in a niche topped by a pediment and flanked by two pilasters – each pilaster on a pedestal on either side of it. This was the Blessed Sacrament Chapel. It takes the place of what was originally the Chapel of Saint Joseph. On the wall to the left of the tabernacle is a memorial plaque to Father Jean-Marie Beurel.

The 2016 restoration saw the return of the Chapel of Saint Joseph to the cathedral main building. A statue of Saint Joseph, a match of the Our Mother of Good Counsel statue at the Lady Chapel was returned to the mentioned chapel. A new tabernacle was installed at the centre of the sanctuary.

Grounds
Outside on the grounds of the cathedral near the main entrance was a bronze life-size statue of Pope John Paul II, the Glorious Cross of 7.38 meters and a statue of the Virgin Mary. A statue of the Good Shepherd stands opposite the entrance at the south transept.

After the 2016 restoration, the statue of the Virgin Mary and John Paul II statues were reinstalled in their original place. A new, contemporary crucifix is installed at the north transept entrance. A statue of the Homeless Jesus by Timothy Schmaltz is installed at the west end of the compound. The Good Shepherd statue has been moved to the crypt at the new basement.

Other buildings
Apart from the cathedral itself, there are five other buildings within the grounds of the cathedral:

 * The Archbishop's House is a simple, unadorned nineteenth-century two-storey bungalow with a projecting portico. Its verandahs were previously unenclosed.
 * The Resident's Quarters is a U-shaped single-storey building with handsome Tuscan columns rising from the ground.
 * The Cathedral Rectory is an ornate early twentieth century two-storey rusticated bungalow with decorative plasterwork. There is a covered linkway to a rectangular single-storey building at its rear.
 * The Jean-Marie Beurel Centre is a newly built 4-storeys building to support the ministries works of the cathedral. The building is connected to the new basement with a covered linkway.
 * A newly constructed basement that houses a function hall, crypt and a perpetual Adoration Chapel.

Choirs
The cathedral is home to several choirs which sing the weekend Masses, feasts, solemnities, and days of obligation.

 * The Cathedral Children's Choir (2019) sings the Saturday 6:00 pm Masses throughout the year. Directed by organist Angela Lim, the choir accepts children between the ages of 6 and 16 who sing a range of repertoire from plainchant to traditional and contemporary hymnody. Throughout the Covid-19 pandemic, the children's choir produced weekly music recordings for the Archdiocesan Masses for Families with Children which was broadcast on the Archdiocesan YouTube channel every Sunday morning. They also participate in carol services, concerts, and feasts and solemnities throughout the year.
 * The Cathedral Family Mass Choir (2016) sings the Sunday 8:30am Mass. Comprising students and young adults who have a passion for music, the choir includes familiar hymns, both classical and contemporary, in its repertoire so the congregation may participate in the singing and the members have fun in learning new music.

 * The Cathedral Choir of the Risen Christ was founded in 1970 and sings at the Sunday 10:30 am Mass. Directed by Peter Low, the mixed-voice choir has around 70 members comprising both students and working professionals. The choir served at the Church of the Risen Christ for 32 years before moving to the cathedral on 14 April 2002. It has performed at the Vatican before Pope John Paul II, in Bethlehem at the invitation of Israel's Tourism Ministry, and, since 2002, also hosts a yearly concert attended by delegates and diplomats from the world over.
 * The Cathedral Choir of Saint Gregory the Great (2016) is a mixed-voice all-volunteer choir that sings the Sunday 6:00 pm Masses, including feasts and solemnities, throughout the year. Directed by cathedral organist Alphonsus Chern, the choir sings the Mass employing a variety of plainchant, polyphony, traditiional and contemporary hymnody. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the choir sang the weekly Archbishop's Sunday Livestream Masses celebrated by Cardinal William Goh and other priests. It also supports the cathedral community through prayer and outreach activities such as hymn festivals, carol services, and pipe organ tours. During the Catholic200SG celebrations, the choir opened and closed the festivities with the concerts Christmas Ignite 2020 and Christmas Ignite 2021, and also presented the hymn festival Hymns & Praise 200.

Organs
The Cathedral of the Good Shepherd is home to a 30-stop Bevington & Sons organ – the oldest working pipe organ in Singapore and the only pipe organ in the Catholic Church in Singapore.

While the cathedral formerly housed two pipe organs – the Gallery Organ (Bevington) in the West gallery and the Choir Organ (Navaratnam) in an elevated platform in the north transept, the Choir Organ was dismantled and its pipe work absorbed into the Chapel Organ at the Orchard Road Presbyterian Church during the 2016 restoration of the cathedral.

Dedicated on 20 October 1912 by Bishop Emile Barillon, the Gallery Organ is a two-manual and pedal Bevington & Sons instrument which cost 5894.61 sterling pounds to build, ship and install.

The organ currently incorporates pipework from various now-defunct organs, notably the Bombarde 16' in the pedal division from the former St. Clair Organ that once resided in the Victoria Concert Hall, and a Cornopean 8' in the Swell, of uncertain American heritage.

The Gallery Organ was once easily recognised by its unusual asymmetric façade – only the central organ case is original, the left and right wings added by Robert Navaratnam, a local organ builder. The action, once electropneumatic, was converted to direct-electric by Navaratnam.

In the latest rebuilding of the organ, a new tracker action was built to replace the electric action. It is currently the oldest playable organ in Singapore and is regularly used for Masses, concerts, recordings, and organ tours.

In 2005, Lin Yangchen published an article titled Singapore's Answer to Notre Dame de Paris in The Organ describing both cathedral organs in detail (The Organ 334:8–10). He describes the unique situation presented by having separate organs in the same building, which makes possible a dialogue between the Gallery and Choir Organs. In fact, this did happen during solemn occasions and when two organists were present. The choir and congregation were then accompanied separately, although this is no longer possible now that there is only one organ in the cathedral. In 2018, Andre Theng published a booklet dedicated to the history of the organ. Titled Saving The King, this book details the history and journey of the Bevington organ from its original installation to its current iteration. This book is available for sale outside the West Doors of the cathedral after the weekend Masses.

Sketches of information on the older organ are available mostly through personal accounts. An elderly parishioner recounted helping out on Sundays as a young boy by operating the manual air pump of the organ. By the 1960s, the Gallery Organ became so dilapidated that it remained silent for nearly two decades.

Hugo Loos, a Belgian engineer then based in Singapore, volunteered his services as both organist and repairman. Driven by his passion and love for pipe organs, he was able to render minor repairs, but much work was still required. Towards the end of 1983, the then rector of the cathedral, Father Robert Balhetchet, was introduced to Robert Navaratnam, an organ builder who had been trained in Germany. Navaratnam spent the next few decades caring for and expanding the instrument by adding ranks of pipes where they became available. He continues to look after the organ, tuning it on a regular basis.

On 16 December 1984, a concert was organised in conjunction with the rededication of the Gallery Organ. Dr Margaret Chen, curator of the Klais Organ at the Victoria Concert Hall and a well-known Singaporean organist, was one of the performers.

Full-length organ recitals at the cathedral are rare, the last two having been played on the Gallery Organ by Markus Grohmann, a visiting German organist in August 2005, and Arthur Lamirande of New York in 2007.

During the 2013–16 restoration and renovation of the cathedral, the Bevington was rebuilt by Diego Cera of the Philippines. The organ was dismantled and shipped to the Philippines while the cathedral was closed. A new console and a new tracker action was built, while the original organ case was refurbished and extended symmetrically on both sides to incorporate an enlarged Pedal division. The previously asymmetrical façade is no longer a feature, as all the pipe work was re-organised into the new case.

The organ is playable from a remote console located in the south transept. This remote console also controls an electronic pipe organ whose speakers were installed in the south transept in early-2020. The cherubs and Saint Caecilia statue in the organ gallery were not reinstalled after the restoration.

The Cathedral Organ Scholar Programme

The Organ Scholar Programme was founded by the cathedral organist Alphonsus Chern in 2016 with the support of the late Edwin Lee, BBM, obl. CSsR. The scholarship supports the training of several organists, who also serve in various roles in the cathedral choirs as part of their formation as liturgical musicians. The scholars record music for the cathedral's YouTube channel and regularly host guided tours of the Bevington organ for children, visiting church groups, visiting dignitaries, and the public. The scholars play the organ at both the weekday and weekend Masses, and at devotions. Most recently, the scholars hosted pipe organ demonstrations in conjunction with the Singapore Night Festival 2022.

Ecclesiastical status

The Catholic Church in Singapore was initially under the jurisdiction of the Diocese of Malacca erected in 1558. She was transferred to the Vicariate Apostolic of Ava and Pegu in 1838 and then the Vicariate Apostolic of Siam in 1840. In 1841, the Catholic Church in Singapore was placed under the jurisdiction of the Vicariate Apostolic of Western Siam that was erected from the Vicariate Apostolic of Siam. Initially called the Vicariate Apostolic of Western Siam, the name was changed to the Vicariate Apostolic of the Malay Peninsula and finally the Vicariate Apostolic of Malacca-Singapore.

 * Vicariate Apostolic of Malacca-Singapore
 * (1841–1844) Bishop Jean-Paul-Hilaire-Michel Courvezy (Vicar Apostolic of Siam from 1834 to 1841)
 * (1845–1871) Bishop Jean-Baptiste Boucho
 * (1871–1877) Bishop Michel-Esther Le Turdu
 * (1878–1888) Bishop Edouard Gasnier
 * Diocese of Malacca
 * (1888–1896) Bishop Edouard Gasnier
 * (1896–1904) Bishop René-Michel-Marie Fée
 * (1904–1933) Bishop Marie-Luc-Alphonse-Emile Barillon
 * (1934–1945) Bishop Adrien Pierre Devals
 * (1947–1953) Bishop Michel Olçomendy
 * Archdiocese of Malacca
 * (1953–1955) Archbishop Michel Olçomendy
 * Archdiocese of Malacca-Singapore (Metropolitan See)
 * (1955–1972) Archbishop Michel Olçomendy
 * Archdiocese of Singapore
 * (1972–1976) Archbishop Michel Olçomendy
 * (1977–2000) Archbishop Gregory Yong Sooi Ngean
 * (2001–2013) Archbishop Nicholas Chia Yeck Joo
 * (2013–present) Cardinal William Goh Seng Chye

Organisation
The Cathedral of the Good Shepherd is currently under the administration of four priests of the Archdiocese of Singapore :

 * Rev Fr Jude David (Rector)
 * Rt Rev Msgr Francis Lau (Vice Rector)
 * Rev Fr Samuel Lim (Vice Rector)
 * Rev Fr Xavier Nathanial (Vice-Rector)

The Cathedral of the Good Shepherd currently also has these following organisations :

 * Altar servers (Cathedral of the Good Shepherd Altar Servers Ministry)
 * The Cathedral Choirs
 * The Cathedral Organ Scholars
 * Extraordinary Ministers of Holy Communion
 * Cathedral Wardens Ministry
 * Lectors
 * Cantors
 * RCIA
 * Working Adult Group Ministry

title: Cathedral of the Good Shepherd


text:
User talk:David Crawshaw/Gallery

I linked here from the flower image on JPEG and just thought I'd mention that you could use WP's built-in gallery tags (fairly new addition as I understand). Such as:

Cburnett 17:46, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:David Crawshaw/Gallery


text:
Bob Meusel

Robert William Meusel (July 19, 1896 – November 28, 1977) was an American baseball left and right fielder who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for eleven seasons from 1920 through 1930, all but the last for the New York Yankees. He was best known as a member of the Yankees' championship teams of the 1920s, nicknamed "Murderers' Row", during which time the team won its first six American League (AL) pennants and first three World Series titles.

Meusel, noted for his strong outfield throwing arm, batted fifth behind Baseball Hall of Famers Babe Ruth and Lou Gehrig. In 1925, he became the second Yankee, after Ruth, to lead the AL in home runs (33), runs batted in (138) and extra base hits (79). Nicknamed "Long Bob" because of his 6-foot, 3 inch (1.91 m) stature, Meusel batted .313 or better in seven of his first eight seasons, finishing with a .309 career average; his 1,009 RBI during the 1920s were the fourth most by any major leaguer, and trailed only Harry Heilmann's total of 1,131 among AL right-handed hitters. Meusel ended his career in 1930 with the Cincinnati Reds. He hit for the cycle three times, and was the second of six major leaguers to accomplish this feat as many as three times during a career.

His older brother, Emil "Irish" Meusel, was a star outfielder in the National League (NL) during the same period, primarily for the New York Giants.

Early life
Meusel was born in San Jose, California, the youngest of Charlie and Mary Meusel's six children. At an early age he moved to Los Angeles, where he attended Los Angeles High School. Meusel started his career with the Vernon Tigers of the Pacific Coast League in 1917. He joined the US Navy during World War I and played for the Navy baseball team. He went back to the Tigers for the 1919 season, batting .330. He also played third base in the minors.

On December 14, 1921, Meusel married Edith Cowan, with whom he had two children.

Professional career
Meusel's contract was purchased by the New York Yankees in early 1920. After a productive spring training, Meusel replaced future Hall of Famer Frank Baker at third base. He played his first game on April 14, 1920. In his rookie season, Meusel had a .328 batting average with 11 home runs and 83 runs batted in over 119 games. He finished fourth in the league in doubles with 41 while sharing time with Duffy Lewis in left field.

In the 1921 season, Meusel started in 149 out of 154 games, primarily playing right field. He batted .318, finishing second in the league in home runs with 24 and third in the league with 136 runs batted in. He hit for the cycle in a win against the Washington Senators on May 7. In the second game of a September 5 doubleheader, he tied a major league record for outfielders (previously accomplished by nine others) by recording four assists. He broke a club record and tied Jack Tobin of the St. Louis Browns for the league lead in outfield assists with 28; he was considered to be one of the league's best all-around players. Meusel's brother, Irish, was acquired by the New York Giants from the Philadelphia Phillies mid-season, and helped lead the Giants to the pennant. The two brothers played against each other in the 1921 World Series, where the Giants faced their tenants (the Yankees played their home games in the Polo Grounds, the ball park owned by the Giants). Bob Meusel stole home in Game 3 of the Series. He doubled in Babe Ruth for the winning run in Game 5 for a one-game lead, but the Yankees lost the next three games and the Series (the last best-of-nine in World Series history). His batting average in those eight games was a mere .200.

At the same time, Meusel, Bill Piercy, and Ruth signed up to play in a barnstorming tour. It was a violation of baseball rules at the time, and Meusel and Ruth had previously been warned about playing with the tour. As punishment, Commissioner of Baseball Kenesaw Mountain Landis suspended them for the first five weeks of the 1922 season and fined them their World Series cash share of $3,362 ($0 today) each. That season Meusel only played in 121 games, hitting .319 with 16 home runs and 84 runs batted in as he gradually shifted to left field to allow Ruth to instead play right field. Meusel occasionally played right field in Yankees games away from home to protect Ruth from the sun, as the sun affected Ruth's skill as an outfielder. Despite the games he missed, he again led the AL in assists with 24. He hit for the cycle for the second time of his career in a win against the Detroit Tigers on July 21. The Yankees won the American League pennant for the second year in a row, but they were again beaten by the Giants, this time in five games. Meusel had the highest batting average of the Yankees at the end of the Series with .300.

In 1923, Meusel hit .313 with 9 home runs and 91 runs batted in as the Yankees moved into their new Yankee Stadium. Meusel helped lead the team to their first World Series title, in their third consecutive matchup with the Giants. Meusel had the most runs batted in (eight) of any player in the Series. He hit a two-run triple in the second inning to help the Yankees win Game 4 at the Polo Grounds, drove in five runs in Game 5 and had a key two-run single that gave the Yankees the lead for good in Game 6. The 1923 World Series marked the third consecutive year that Bob played against his brother Irish in the World Series. This made them the first set of brothers to play against each other on opposing teams in a World Series or any Big Four championship series.

Before the 1924 season started, Meusel's close friend Tony Boeckel, shortstop for the Boston Braves, was killed when the car in which he was riding flipped over in San Diego. Meusel was a passenger in the vehicle but escaped unhurt. That year Meusel hit .325 with 12 home runs and 124 runs batted in, playing in 143 games. In a game against the Tigers on June 13, Meusel was involved in one of the most notorious brawls in baseball history. With the Yankees leading 10–6 in the top of the ninth inning, Ty Cobb, the star and manager of the Tigers, gave pitcher Bert Cole the signal to hit Meusel with a pitch. Ruth saw the signal and warned Meusel, who was hit in the back and rushed to fight Cole. Both teams rushed onto the field to brawl, and Cobb and Ruth started fighting as well. Over a thousand fans also rushed onto the field, and a riot erupted. The police managed to control the brawl and arrested several fans. The umpire of the game, Billy Evans, pushed Meusel and Ruth out of Navin Field to safety. American League President Ban Johnson punished Meusel and Cole by fining them and issuing a ten-day suspension.

Meusel had a breakout year in 1925. He led the American League in home runs (33), runs batted in (134), games played (156) and extra base hits (79). Despite this, he finished merely tied for 18th position overall for the AL's Most Valuable Player award, far behind winner (and former Yankee) Roger Peckinpaugh of the Washington Senators. The Yankees had their worst season of the decade, finishing seventh in the league with a 69–85 record. In the following 1926 season, Meusel only played in 108 games, batting .315 with 12 home runs and 81 runs batted in. In the 1926 World Series against the St. Louis Cardinals, Meusel dropped a key fly ball with one out and the bases loaded in the fourth inning of Game 7, allowing the Cardinals to tie the game 1–1; the next batter singled to drive in two more runs. Meusel had two opportunities to redeem himself later in the game, but he made infield outs in both the fifth and seventh innings, each time with two men on base. In the bottom of the ninth inning, with New York trailing 3–2, Cardinals starting pitcher Grover Cleveland Alexander retired the first two batters and then walked Ruth. Meusel was up to bat when Ruth tried to steal second base, and catcher Bob O'Farrell threw him out, ending both the game and the Series; Meusel only hit .238.

Meusel was a key member of the 1927 New York Yankees team. That season Meusel played in 135 games, hitting .337 with 8 home runs and 103 runs batted in, and finished second in the league with 24 stolen bases; on May 16 he stole second, third and home in one game. In the 1927 World Series, Meusel batted only .118 and broke the record for the most strikeouts in a four-game series with seven, but the Yankees swept the Pittsburgh Pirates in four games. In 1928 Meusel played in 131 games, hitting .297 with 11 home runs and 113 runs batted in. He hit for the cycle a record-tying third time on July 26 against the Tigers. The Yankees reached the World Series for the third year in a row, playing the Cardinals in a rematch from two years previously. In Game 1 of the Series, Meusel hit the only home run in his World Series career as the Yankees won the game and went on to sweep the series 4–0.

Prior to the start of the 1930 season, the Yankees sold Meusel to the Cincinnati Reds, and he played in 110 games, hitting .289 with 10 home runs and 62 runs batted in. The Reds released Meusel after the season, and he went on to the Minneapolis Millers of the American Association where he played the 1931 season, hitting .283. He went back to the Pacific Coast League in 1932, where he played 64 games with the Hollywood Stars, batting .329 with four home runs before retiring. Meusel's major league career ended with 368 doubles, 95 triples, 156 home runs, a .497 slugging percentage, 1,071 runs batted in, 826 runs scored and 143 stolen bases.

Retirement and death
After retiring from baseball, Meusel worked as a security guard at a US Navy base for 15 years. He was in attendance at Yankee Stadium when his former teammate Lou Gehrig made his famous "Luckiest Man on the Face of the Earth" speech on July 4, 1939. He also appeared in the 1942 film The Pride of the Yankees, as well as the 1948 film The Babe Ruth Story, as himself in a cameo role.

Meusel lived in California following his playing career, first in Redondo Beach, and then in Downey. He died in Bellflower in 1977 and was buried at Rose Hills Memorial Park in Whittier.

Legacy
Meusel received the most recognition for being a member of the "Murderers' Row" teams of the mid-1920s, which included Ruth, Gehrig, second baseman Tony Lazzeri and center fielder Earle Combs. He shares the record for the most times hitting for the cycle with three, tying the mark set by Long John Reilly in 1890; Babe Herman later tied the mark in 1933; 82 years later, Adrián Beltré also achieved the feat in 2015, along with Trea Turner in 2021. Meusel had one of the strongest arms of the era; in his obituary, The New York Times called his throwing arm "deadly accurate". Hall of Fame manager Casey Stengel, who played on the 1921 through 1923 Giants teams, said that he had never seen a better thrower.

Harvey Frommer described Meusel as a heavy drinker and womanizer who did not get along with his teammates. His manager Miller Huggins called him "indifferent". He was quiet and reserved, rarely giving newspaper interviews until his career was winding down. He was also known for his lazy attitude, such as refusing to run out ground balls, which many said kept him from achieving greatness.

Meusel was considered for election to the Baseball Hall of Fame by its Veterans Committee in 1982, but the committee instead selected former commissioner Happy Chandler and former Giants shortstop Travis Jackson in its balloting.

In 1925, Meusel joined Philadelphia Athletics outfielder Tilly Walker (1918), St. Louis Browns outfielder Ken Williams (1922) and later Gehrig (1931) as the only players other than Ruth to win the AL home run title between 1918 and 1931. Both Walker and Gehrig won the title jointly with Ruth while Williams and Meusel won the title individually.

title: Bob Meusel


text:
Dog collar

A dog collar is a piece of material put around the neck of a dog. A collar may be used for restraint, identification, fashion, protection, or training (although some aversive training collars are illegal in many countries ). Identification tags and medical information are often placed on dog collars. Collars are often used in conjunction with a leash for restraining a dog. Collars can be traumatic to the trachea if the dog pulls against the restraint of the leash, causing severe pressure to the neck. Use of a harness instead of a collar may be beneficial for dogs prone to tracheitis or those with a collapsed trachea. Conversely, dog breeds with slender necks or smaller heads may easily slip out of collars that are too loose. This can be avoided by using a martingale dog collar which tightens to distribute pressure around the neck when training the dog not to pull. Any style of dog collar must be properly fitted to ensure safety and collars should not be worn when the dog is unattended.

Basic collars
Collars are made with a variety of materials, most commonly leather or nylon webbing. Less common materials can include polyester, hemp, metal, or "oilcloth" (vinyl woven with cotton). Collars can be decorated in a variety of ways with a variety of materials. The basic collars for everyday wear are:
 * Buckle collars, also called flat collars, with a buckle similar to a belt buckle, or a quick-release buckle, either of which holds the collar loosely around the dog's neck. Identification is commonly attached to such a collar; it also comes with a loop to which a leash can be fastened. This is the most standard collar for dogs. A flat collar should fit comfortably tight on the dog's neck. It should not be so tight as to choke the dog nor so loose that they can slip out of it. Generally, two fingers should be able to fit underneath the collar.

 * Break-away collars look similar to buckle collars, but have a safety mechanism installed that allows the dog to break free of the collar if excessive force is applied. These collars are useful in situations where a non-quick release collar could get snagged and strangle the dog.
 * Safety stretch collars contain an elastic panel in the sturdy nylon collar, which allows escape from potential strangulation dangers such as branches, fences, gates and other dogs. Unlike breakaways, a stretch collar acts like a traditional collar when clipped with a leash.

Special-purpose collars and attachments

 * Stud collars, also called wolf collars, protection collars, or spiked collars depending on the attachments, are collars fitted with metal studs, dulled points, or sharp points that traditionally prevented another animal from biting the dog's neck. Commonly, spikes are hand-set and tightly riveted for extra security. This type of collar dates back to ancient Greece, when dogs protecting livestock were given nail-studded collars to protect them from wolves or other predators. In modern societies, stud collars are more commonly considered a fashion accessory.
 * Reflective collars, usually made with nylon webbing, incorporate reflective tape that ensures that the dog will be seen at night by approaching vehicles.
 * A lighted collar (or collar light, dog light) is a collar that emits light in order to make a dog more visible in the dark to their owners and more importantly, nearby motorists. It is not designed to help a dog see at night, as it is well documented that dogs have very good vision in low light conditions. Most lighted collars utilize one or more light emitting diodes for the light source and can be of virtually any color, although red and blue are most common. Power is provided by one or more batteries, most common types being AAA and lithium coin cells to minimize the added weight to the collar.
 * A flotation collar (or buoyant collar) is a buoyancy aid designed for dogs. Although it is not designed to be used as a life preserver or life jacket, it can provide additional buoyant support for the head of a dog when in the water. It is often used in canine hydrotherapy services to assist in the rehabilitation of injured dogs. The collar may be constructed of closed cell foam material that is inherently buoyant or be of a type that is inflated with air.

Medical collars

 * Flea collars are impregnated with chemicals that repel fleas. They are usually a supplementary collar, worn in addition to the conventional buckle collar.
 * Elizabethan collars, shaped like a truncated cone, can be fitted on a dog to prevent it from scratching a wound on its head or neck or licking a wound or infection on its body.

Fashion collars
Dog collars are also used to convey the owner's style and have been used as a status symbol. The oldest known fashionable dog collars come from ancient Egypt, dating back to before the earliest of the Pharaohs. Today's fashionable dog collars come in a wide variety of designs, patterns and materials and may include accessories, such as bow ties and flowers.

Training collars
Several types of collars are used for the purposes of training dogs, though sometimes a collar is not used at all (such as in the case of dog agility training, where a collar could get caught on equipment and strangle the dog). Each training collar has its own set of advantages and disadvantages (briefly outlined below) which trainers might consider before using a select one. Training collars are typically used for training only and not left on the dog's neck all the time, as some collars can be harmful or dangerous if left on a dog unsupervised.

Flat collars
Some dogs are trained on leash using a buckle or quick-release collar.

Martingale collar
Martingale collars are recommended for sighthounds because their heads are smaller than their necks and they can often slip out of standard collars. They can, however, be used for any breed of dog. Their no-slip feature has made them a safety standard at many kennels and animal shelters. A martingale collar has 2 loops; the smaller loop is the "control loop" that tightens the larger loop when pulled to prevent dogs from slipping out of the collar. A correctly adjusted martingale does not constrict the dog's neck when pulled taut. Others use them fitted snugly to be able to use them in a similar manner to a choke chain but without the unlimited constriction of a choke chain. The structure allows the collar to be loose and comfortable, but tightens if the dog attempts to back out of it.

Head halters
Head halters, also called head collars, are similar in design to a halter for a horse. They are sold under several brand names. Brands include Comfort Trainer, Canny Collar, Halti, Gentle Leader, and Snoot Loop amongst several others. Brand names are also used when referring to these collars most commonly Halti or Gentle Leader. This device fastens around the back of the neck and over the top of the muzzle, giving more control over a dog's direction and the intensity of pulling on a leash than most collars that fit strictly around the neck. Pressure on this type of collar pulls the dog's nose and consequently their head towards the handler. These type of collars can aid in stopping a strong dog from pulling an owner in an unsafe direction. They are also recommended for dogs that pull as the pressure will no longer be directly on their wind pipe.

The theory behind the utility of head halters is that if you have control of the head, you have control of the body. The head collar generally consists of two loops, one behind the ears and the other over the nose. This tool generally makes it more difficult for the dog to pull on its leash. This is a management tool only, it does not train the dog not to pull.

Controversy
Supporters of the head halter say that it enables the handler to control the dog's head, and makes the dog unable to pull using its full strength. They claim it is especially useful with reactive dogs, where control of the dog's head can be a safety issue.

Those who do not recommend use of the head halter say that some dogs find it unnatural and uncomfortable. If the collar is too tight, it may dig too deeply into the skin or the strap around the muzzle may push into the dog's eyes. Cervical injury is a possible result from improper use of the head halter; if a dog is jerked suddenly by the leash attached to the head halter, the dog's nose is pulled sharply to the side, which might result in neck injury. If the nose strap is fitted too tightly, the hair on the muzzle can also be rubbed off, or the dog might paw and scratch at its face, causing injuries ranging from mere bare skin to severe abrasions.

Some head halters such as the Canny Collar attach behind the neck and tighten around the nose when the dog pulls to deter the dog from pulling. Manufacturers claim they are safer than halters that attach below the muzzle because they do not pull the dog's head to one side, avoiding stress on the neck area. Some rear-fastening head halters can have the noseband removed during use, therefore providing an element of training the dog to eventually walk on a regular collar and lead.

Aversive collars
Aversive collars use levels of pain to encourage a dog to modify unwanted behaviors. The use of aversive collars is controversial, and the Association of Professional Dog Trainers and the American Veterinary Society for Animal Behavior prohibits their use. Many European countries have made shock collars illegal. Some countries have made prong collars illegal, and some have made choke collars illegal.

A meta-review of 17 peer-reviewed studies found that "The results show that using aversive training methods (e.g., positive punishment and negative reinforcement) can jeopardize both the physical and mental health of dogs."

Shock collars
Shock collars (also called e-collars, remote training collars, electric collars, zap collars, or hunting collars) consist of a radio receiver attached to a collar with battery and electrodes and a transmitter that the trainer holds. When triggered, the collar delivers the aversive of electrical stimulation to cause pain to the neck of a dog.

Shock collars are illegal in Spain,  France, Germany, Austria, and Denmark Netherlands,  Iceland,  Norway, Sweden Slovenia and Switzerland, Portugal, Wales, the province of Quebec in Canada, and some states in Australia.

Shock collars will be illegal in England on February 1, 2024. They will be banned in Flanders in Belgium after 2027.

Some shock collar models also include a tone or vibrational setting, as an alternative to or in conjunction with the shock. Early shock collars provided only a single, high-level shock. "Although collar-produced shock can cause acute pain, the painful event does not and cannot produce physical injury". However, meta-studies have shown that they produce stress, cause pain, and damage the relationship between dog and owner. A leash or lead is not attached to a shock collar because it can pull the contacts too close to the dog's skin, causing lessened effectiveness of the collar and additional discomfort.

Prong collars

Prong collars, also called a pinch collar, are a series of metal links that fit together by connecting through blunt prongs that point inward toward the dog's neck. They "train by negative experience, that is inflicting pain". The German Animal Welfare Act goes further, stating that they train by causing "significant pain, suffering or harm to the animal.

Prong collars are illegal in Spain,  France; Sweden; Austria; Switzerland; and Germany, as well as Victoria, Australia.

Even in countries where they are legal, some dog training organizations do not allow members to use them. "Organizations advocating against the use of prong and choke collars include: CHS, RSPCA UK, RSPCA Australia, RSPCA South Australia, the Canadian Advisory Council on National Shelter Standards, CVMA, ACVB, ABTC, APDT UK, and APDT".

Prong collars can easily injure the thyroid gland, the salivary glands, and the salivary lymph nodes.

The design of the prong collar incorporates a chain loop connecting the ends of the prong series, such that it has a limited circumference (a martingale), unlike choke chains, which do not have a limit on how far they can constrict on a dog's neck. The leash attaches to this chain section. There are two options on the prong collar for leash attachment, the dead ring and the live ring. The live ring is used when a dog needs more correction as it gives more slack when the leash is popped. The dead ring is used most commonly when first training a dog to use a prong. The leash is attached to both rings and as such there is not as much slack as when attached to the live ring. This section commonly has a swivel at the point of attachment to lessen the twisting and possible tangling of the leash.

Like the choke chain, the prong collar is placed high on the dog's neck, just behind the ears, at a point where nerve endings are less padded (to cause more pain with less effort by the handler). This is perhaps one of the most misportrayed factors of "proper" prong collar use; the fit and placement of the prong collar are used to make the tool seem like something only used by more knowledgeable people. The collar is designed to prevent the dog from pulling by applying pressure on smaller contact points around the dog's neck as this causes pain. The limited traction of the martingale chain combined with the angle of the prongs prevents the prongs moving close enough to cause injury physically. Unlike flat, martingale, or slip choke collars the prong protects the trachea as a bonus to causing pain. It is used as a brief "corrective" tug which brings the dog's mind back to the handler by making them experience pain.

Prong collars must never be turned inside out (with the prongs facing away from the dog's skin), as this may cause injury against the body and head. Further, one should never use to yank a dog back, choke, or hang/suspend a dog. They are used as "corrective" tools despite dogs having no concept of "good" and "bad". Footage of this collar being actively used typically shows a dog with common signs of pain (ears pointed back, lip licking, raised eyebrows and "stress lines" on the face)

At times, plastic tips are occasionally placed on the ends of the prongs to protect against catching the fur and pulling tufts, or in the case of low-quality collars with rough or chisel-cut ends\, irritating or perhaps puncturing the skin. Its important to examine the tips of the prongs to ensure they are rounded and smooth regardless if they have rubber tips so that they only cause pain and not visible injury.

Force collars
Force collars are leather with metal prongs or studs lining the inside; similar in effect to prong collars.

Choke chains

Choke chains (also called choke collars, slip chains, check collars, or training collars) are a length of chain with rings at either end such that the collar can be formed into a loop that slips over the dogs head and typically rests around the top of the dog's neck, "designed to administer negative reinforcement and positive punishment.". "When the dog pulls on the lead, the chain tightens around the dog's neck causing pain".

Choke chains are illegal in Spain,  and Switzerland Even where legal, some professional dog training associations prohibit them.

When the leash is attached to the "dead" ring, the collar does not constrict on the dog's neck. When the leash is attached to the "live" ring, the chain slips (adjusts) tighter when pulled and slips looser when tension is released. Training with this leash involves a quick jerk with an immediate release, called a "leash pop", "snap", or "correction" to correct a dog's unwanted behavior through punishment. If force is applied to produce discomfort and then released when the dog complies, this is called "negative reinforcement". Pulling harder or longer on the choke chain presses on the dog's trachea and/or larynx and may restrict breathing.

Fur saver collars are a kind of choke chain that contain fewer and longer individual links than a close link chain, also known as a long link fur saver collar. Fur saver collars can be used both for long and short-haired breeds limiting damage to the dog's fur. It can be used for training and daily use as well. The fur saver collar can be 'locked out' preventing it from constricting by attaching the leash connector to any link within the chain, this mitigates the unlimited traction effect associated with a slip chain.

Humane bark collars
There are dog bark collars that use a combination of vibrations and sounds. One peer-reviewer study showed these collars to be effective without causing stress.

title: Dog collar


text:
Talk:Edogawa Ranpo

The romanization "Rampo" ruins the joke. What's the deal? Exploding Boy 17:49, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * That's how it's pronounced, cf. Yojimbo. 惑乱 分からん 02:06, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

Well yes, but that's not how it's "spelled" (in kana). There's a reason it's Ranpo. And hey, look at that. It took over a year for someone to respond... Exploding Boy 02:12, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Hepburn_romanization, appears that the "m before labial consonants" rule is outdated, but as a name, it might still retain the older spelling? 惑乱 分からん 11:36, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

Name spelling
Anybody who knows anything at all about Japanese Literature would strongly disagree with calling him "Ranpo Edogawa" because Japanese family names come first. Edogawa Ranpo (or rampo, I dont' really care about the spelling) is a pseudonym meant to sound like "Edgar Alan Poe," which is completely lost if you put the arbitrarily titled "family name" first. I don't understand why it is getting changed. KyleSchulz (talk) 18:05, 28 March 2009 (UTC)
 * See WP:MOS-JA. Sjones23 (talk - contributions) 20:57, 20 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Agree with KyleSchulz, this is a policy being slavishly and incorrectly applied in this case. Шизомби (talk) 04:37, 28 July 2009 (UTC)

"Boy Detective's Gang"
That English is saying there is one boy. But the sentence says there is a group.

So the English should be "Gang of Boy Detectives" or "Boy Detective Gang".

If we want it to sound stiff and "Japanese", then "Boy Detectives Gang" is acceptable.

Is there not an official English rendering of this already somewhere?

Varlaam (talk) 15:59, 2 April 2012 (UTC)
 * "Detective Author’s Club" has the identical problem. Varlaam (talk)

The spelling, again
The MoS states in the General guidelines section: "4. Syllabic n ん is generally written as n before consonants ..., but as n' (with an apostrophe) before vowels and y."

In the Syllabic "n" section, it states:

"The original version of Hepburn used m when syllabic n ん preceded b, m, or p. While generally deprecated, this is still allowed in titles for cases where the official anglicized name continues to use m (examples: Asahi Shimbun, Namba Station). In the modified Hepburn romanization system, unlike the standard system, the "n" is maintained even when followed by homorganic consonants (e.g., shinbun, not shimbun). Use Google to check popularity if in doubt, and create a redirect from the n version."

So is there any reason not to move this page to "Edogawa Ranpo"? "Ranpo" returns 7,380 hits from Google Books, while "Rampo" returns 3,340. There's clearly no preponderance of usage that would dictate going with the "m" spelling.  C üRly T üRkey  Talk Contribs 02:10, 27 December 2012 (UTC)

 * I'm a little late to this party, but since Rampo's name is now strongly established as "Rampo" in Western media, shouldn't it be reverted to Rampo? The only recent publication I can find with the name written as "Ranpo" is a translation published in December of 2012. "Rampo" even nets twice as many Google hits. I know there is some contention because the Rampo transliteration "ruins the fun" for some people, but the name of this article seems to be going against the tide as far as the Romanization of Rampo's name is concerned, especially since academics who publish his translations and even a film use the "Rampo" Romanization.わかんねぇさ (talk) 06:33, 29 September 2014 (UTC)

Requested move 1

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the proposal was no consensus. --BDD (talk) 23:23, 6 March 2013 (UTC)

Edogawa Rampo → Edogawa Ranpo – WP:MOSJ. GBooks 6,870 > 3,360. Brought up a few times earlier but with no clear move request; consensus still seemed to be in favour of a move. Relisted. BDD (talk) 18:13, 27 February 2013 (UTC) elvenscout742 (talk) 05:16, 13 February 2013 (UTC)

 * Oppose: Google seems to suggest that "Rampo" is the preferred form overall ("Ranpo" variant). Google Scholar is divided on the issue ("Rampo", "Ranpo"), but it seems that the award uses the "Rampo" variant exclusively over the "Ranpo" variant. And if the sockpuppet's statements are true, then it means that Hirai himself preferred to write his pseudonym as "Edogawa Rampo" when writing in English.— Ryulong ( 琉竜 ) 14:30, 24 February 2013 (UTC)
 * Are we seeing different results? Your above searches brought up 95,300 hits for "Ranpo" and only 90,800 for "Rampo". Additionally, you forgot to exclude Wikipedia results from your search: 98,500 > 81,300. Also, you GScholar links seem to indicate a 3:2 majority against the current title. Your search for the award also included Wikipedia, and the majority of the results on the first page just indicated that English Wikipedia and a bunch of its mirrors like Weblio currently favour "Rampo". The organization itself doesn't appear to give an English name anywhere on their website, and so it's down to how external organizations like Wikipedia choose to spell it, with a couple of noteworthy sources including the Japan Times and the University of Iowa on the "Ranpo" side. The cover of this book appears to be the most reliable source in favour of the "Rampo" spelling of the award, but the book appears to be entirely in Japanese, and the decorative English text on the cover was likely selected arbitrarily by the publisher, as Kodansha tend to do. (They might have even borrowed the spelling from English Wikipedia.) Amazon sell the same book but they apply the English title "Edogawa Ranpo Award Winners Anthology". Basically, it seems to me that English Wikipedia came up with the name "Edogawa Rampo Award" because English Wikipedia also uses the spelling "Rampo" in this article. Of the two sources cited in Edogawa Rampo Award, one of them is in Japanese (and the name is improperly romanized in order to fit the article) and the other is a Japan Times article written after the Wikipedia article and well after the other article I just cited. Additionally, I would be loath to trust anything Mysterious Island said in opposition to me: he never edited any articles related to Japanese literature before coming here (and Talk:Yoko Ogawa) to oppose me, and my point that Ranpo himself lived in a time when the standard Hepburn system required him to use an "m" is not invalidated. elvenscout742 (talk) 04:19, 25 February 2013 (UTC)
 * English Wikipedia having unilaterally invented the name "Edogawa Rampo Award" is supported by the fact that the latter Japan Times article currently cited actually calls it the "Edogawa Rampo Prize". That's why I misprinted on the above comment. elvenscout742 (talk) 04:23, 25 February 2013 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Requested move (the second)

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the proposal was moved. --BDD (talk) 19:11, 20 August 2013 (UTC)

Edogawa Rampo → Edogawa Ranpo – WP:MOSJ. GBooks 6,970 > 3,110. Brought up a few times earlier but with no clear move request; consensus still seemed to be in favour of a move. I nominated this six months ago, and (disregarding a sockpuppet that was harassing me) there was one bewildering oppose !vote that I roundly disproved, but I was forced to leave Wikipedia shortly thereafter and RM seemed to die with me. The above arguments still apply, so I'm re-RMing now that I'm back and here to stay. Hijiri 88 ( 聖やや ) 11:04, 13 August 2013 (UTC)

 * Comment see Talk:Emperor Jimmu for a set of related renames under discussion -- 76.65.128.222 (talk) 05:39, 14 August 2013 (UTC)
 * If they really were related I would have included this one. But this is so unlike all of them that, had I done so, I would have suffered harsh criticism. Hijiri 88 ( 聖やや ) 11:47, 14 August 2013 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

 * Comment someone made a note about this at the other RM request... WP:MOS-JA -- 76.65.128.222 (talk) 05:19, 23 August 2013 (UTC)
 * You're wrong. Please see my response to you on that RM. And please stop hijacking hundreds of RMs on subjects you clearly don't know anything about without carefully reading the arguments presented in said RMs. Hijiri 88 ( 聖やや ) 10:49, 27 August 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Edogawa Ranpo. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20100205194343/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com:80/hr/content_display/world/news/e3ia2f06c2856f58e40c10467f764372a0c to http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/world/news/e3ia2f06c2856f58e40c10467f764372a0c

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Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 09:13, 19 October 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Edogawa Ranpo


text:
Avia Air

Avia Air was an airline based in Aruba.

Code data

 * IATA Code: 3R
 * ICAO Code: ARB
 * Callsign: Aviair

History
Avia Air suspended service in November 2003 and was working to restructure its operations under bankruptcy protection.

Fleet

 * Short 360-200
 * Embraer EMB 110 Bandeirante

title: Avia Air


text:
Hide and Seek

Hide and seek may refer to:

 * Hide-and-seek, a children's game

Film

 * Hide and Seek (1932 cartoon), a Fleischer Studios Talkartoon animated short
 * Hide and Seek (1963 film), a Swedish comedy film
 * Hide and Seek (1964 film), a British thriller film
 * Hide and Seek (1972 film), a British children's drama
 * Hide and Seek (1980 film), an Israeli drama film
 * Hide and Seek, a 1984 Canadian television film based on the novel The Adolescence of P-1 by Thomas J. Ryan
 * Hide and Seek, a 1996 film directed by Su Friedrich
 * Hide and Seek (2000 film) or Cord, a Canadian thriller film
 * Hide & Seek, a 2004 short film starring Mem Ferda
 * Hide and Seek (2005 film), an American horror film
 * Hide & Seek (2005 animated film), or Kakurenbo, a Japanese anime short film
 * Hide and Seek (2007 film), a Philippine horror film
 * Hide n' Seek, a 2012 Indian Malayalam-language film
 * Hide and Seek (2013 film), a South Korean mystery film
 * Hide and Seek (2014 film), a British-American romantic drama film
 * Hide and Seek (2018 film), a Swiss romantic comedy-drama film
 * Hide and Seek (2021 film), an American horror-thriller film

Literature

 * Hide and Seek (Collins novel), an 1854 novel by Wilkie Collins
 * Hide & Seek (Patterson novel), a 1997 novel by James Patterson
 * Hide and Seek (Rankin novel), a 1991 novel by Ian Rankin
 * "Hide-and-Seek" (short story), a 1949 short story by Arthur C. Clarke
 * Hide and Seek, a 2005 novel by Clare Sambrook

Albums

 * Hide and Seek (The Birthday Massacre album), 2012
 * Hide & Seek (Janet Devlin album) or the title song, 2013
 * Hide 'n' Seek, by Miho Nakayama, or the title song, 1989
 * Hide and Seek (Plastic Tree album) or the title song, 1997
 * Hide & Seek (Purple Kiss EP), 2021
 * Hide and Seek (Weki Meki EP), 2020

Songs

 * "Hide and Seek" (Howard Jones song), 1984
 * "Hide and Seek" (Imogen Heap song), 2005
 * "Hide and Seek" (Mirrors song), 2010
 * "Hide and Seek" (Namie Amuro song), 2007
 * "Hide and Seek" (Tracie Spencer song), 1988
 * "Hide & Seek" (TVXQ song), 2014
 * "Hide and Seek" / "Sunset Refrain", by Lead, 2020
 * "Hide-and-Seek", by Band-Maid, B-side of "Glory", 2019
 * "Hide and Seek", by Big Joe Turner
 * "Hide and Seek", by Dannii Minogue from Unleashed, 2007
 * "Hide and Seek", by Hale from Twilight, 2006
 * "Hide and Seek", by Joshua Redman from Freedom in the Groove, 1996
 * "Hide and Seek", by Loona from [12:00], 2020
 * "Hide and Seek", by Simi from Omo Charlie Champagne, Vol. 1, 2019
 * "Hide & Seek", by Stormzy from This Is What I Mean, 2022
 * "Hide and Seek", by T-ara from Again, 2013
 * "Hide and Seek", by Theatre of Tragedy from Forever Is the World, 2009
 * "Hide and Seek", a song by 163Margs featuring Digga D, 2023

Television

 * Hide and Seek (TV series), a 2018 South Korean series
 * Hide and Seek (Eureka), a 2006 8-episode Eureka webseries

Episodes

 * "Hide and Seek" (Adventure Time), 2017
 * "Hide and Seek" (Bedlam), 2011
 * "Hide and Seek" (Casualty), 1986
 * "Hide and Seek" (Happy Tree Friends), 2000
 * "Hide and Seek" (Hawkeye), 2021
 * "Hide and Seek" (Here and Now), 2018
 * "Hide and Seek" (Jay Jay the Jet Plane), 1998
 * "Hide and Seek" (Nash Bridges), 1999
 * "Hide and Seek" (NCIS), 2009
 * "Hide and Seek" (Oobi), c. 2000
 * "Hide and Seek" (Phineas and Ferb), 2009
 * "Hide and Seek" (The Practice), 1997
 * "Hide and Seek" (seaQuest DSV), 1994
 * "Hide and Seek" (Severance), 2022
 * "Hide and Seek" (Skippy the Bush Kangaroo), 1968/1969
 * "Hide and Seek" (Soldier Soldier), 1993
 * "Hide and Seek" (Star Trek: Picard), 2022
 * "Hide and Seek" (Stargate Atlantis), 2004
 * "Hide and Seek" (Teen Titans), 2005
 * "Hide and Seek" (Woke Up Dead), 2009

Other uses

 * Hide-and-Seek (card game), a variant of the patience game Travellers
 * Hide-and-Seek (painting), a 1942 painting by Pavel Tchelitchew

title: Hide and Seek


text:
Ainos

Ainos may refer to:

 * Aenus (Thrace), an ancient Greek city in Thrace, near the Aegean coast
 * Mount Ainos, on the island Cefalonia
 * Ainu people of Japan

title: Ainos


text:
Zia Mohyeddin

Zia Mohyeddin (ضیاء محی الدین; 20 June 1931 – 13 February 2023) was a British-Pakistani film actor, producer, director, and television broadcaster who appeared in both Pakistani cinema and television, as well as in British cinema and television throughout his career.

Mohyeddin became famous for his Pakistan Television talk show The Zia Mohyeddin Show (1969–1973). He was also known for originating the role of Dr. Aziz in the stage play of A Passage to India. He also appeared in Lawrence of Arabia.

Early life and career

Zia Mohyeddin was born in Lyallpur, British India (now Faisalabad, Pakistan), to an Urdu-speaking family originally from Rohtak, East Punjab, British India (now in Haryana, India). His father, Khadim Mohyeddin, was a mathematician, musicologist, playwright, and lyricist associated with various theatre groups.

Zia spent his early life in Lahore. He was trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London from 1953 to 1955. After stage roles in Long Day's Journey into Night and Julius Caesar, he made his West End debut as Dr. Aziz in A Passage to India on 20 April 1960 at the Comedy Theatre. The production continued for 302 performances. He reprised this role in the 1965 BBC television adaptation as well. He made his film debut in Lawrence of Arabia (1962), playing the role of Tafas (the Arab guide who is shot by Omar Sharif for drinking water from the wrong well). He then made numerous TV and film appearances. As an actor, he worked for nearly 47 years in the United Kingdom.

His first wife was Sarwar Zemani with whom he had two sons, Minos Ameer and Risha Ameen.

Return to Pakistan and later career
Mohyeddin returned to Pakistan in the late 1960s. Between 1969 and 1973, he hosted the popular television talk show The Zia Mohyeddin Show, best remembered for Mohyeddin's rap-style song segment, which he would introduce with his trademark phrase of "zara theka lagaiye". He was also appointed director of the PIA Arts Academy. Around this time, he met and subsequently married the renowned Kathak dancer Nahid Siddiqui. Together they had a son, the percussionist and music producer, Hassan "Moyo" Mohyeddin.

Following differences with the military regime of General Zia-ul-Haq, Mohyeddin returned to the United Kingdom in the late 1970s. During the 1980s Mohyeddin worked in Birmingham, UK, where he produced Central Television's flagship multicultural programme Here and Now (1986–1989), a weekly magazine program. He also produced and starred in the first soap opera with a British Asian cast, Family Pride (1991–1992).

While working in Britain in the 1980s, he was asked in an interview by a Pakistani news reporter whether he missed Pakistan. He replied that he did, that it was his home country, and that he missed his friends there and the people of Pakistan.

Mohyeddin then travelled the world giving Urdu poetry and prose recitations, as well as readings of English letters and literature. As a matter of practice, he emphasised that the metric structure of the entire poem must be studied by the reciter. He commented unfavourably on reciters who would habitually pause after every rhyming couplet, or "hammer" out the verses without regard for rhythm.

Mohyeddin married his third wife Azra Bano Zaidi in 1994. They had one daughter, Aaliya, who was born in 2002.

In February 2005, the then-president of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf invited Mohyeddin to form the National Academy of Performing Arts in Karachi, of which Mohyeddin was president since its inception.

Mohyeddin died on 13 February 2023, at the age of 91.

Films

 * Rahguzar (1960)
 * Lawrence of Arabia (1962) – Tafas
 * Sammy Going South (1963) – The Syrian
 * Behold a Pale Horse (1964) – Luis, Guide of Paco
 * Khartoum (1966) – Zobeir Pasha Al-Zubayr Rahma Mansur
 * Deadlier Than the Male (1966) – King Fedra
 * The Sailor from Gibraltar (1967) – Noori
 * They Came from Beyond Space (1967) – Farge
 * Work Is a Four-Letter Word (1968) – Dr. Aly Narayana
 * Bombay Talkie (1970) – Hari
 * Mujrim Kaun (1970)
 * Suhag (1972)
 * Ashanti (1979) – Djamil
 * The Assam Garden (1985) – Mr. Lal
 * Partition (1987)
 * Immaculate Conception (1992) – Shehzada
 * Some Lover to Some Beloved (documentary, 2017; Mohyeddin portrays himself)

Selected television appearances

 * The Adventures of Sir Francis Drake (episode "Visit to Spain", 1962) – King Philip of Spain
 * Danger Man (four episodes, 1964–1966) – Dr. Savari / Sinclair Jones / Mr. Sen / Khan
 * The Avengers (episode "Honey for the Prince", 1966) – Prince Ali
 * Adam Adamant Lives! (episode "The Basardi Affair", 1967) – Sheikh Abdul
 * Jackanory (story "The Bird Talisman", 1967) – Storyteller
 * Man in a Suitcase (episode "Night Flight to Andorra", 1968) – Rafael
 * The Champions (episode "Shadow of the Panther", 1969) – Prengo
 * Hadleigh (episode "Some You Win Some You Lose", 1969) – Major Savvas Stylianos
 * Detective (episode "Hunt the Peacock", 1969) – Inspector Ghote
 * Gangsters (four episodes, 1978) – Iqbal Khan
 * Z-Cars (episode "Heavenly Host", 1978) – Anwar Chowdry
 * Minder (episode "Diamonds Are a Girl's Worst Enemy", 1980) – Tajvir
 * Death of a Princess (1980) – Marwan Shaheen
 * The Jewel in the Crown (1984) – Mohammad Ali 'Mak' Kasim
 * Bergerac (episode "A Touch of Eastern Promise", 1984) – Adnan Rashid
 * Family Pride (1991–92) – Balbir "BB" Bedi
 * Dhun Hamari Tumharay Naam Hui (1990s)

Books

 * A Carrot is a Carrot: Memories and Reflections, Ushba Publishing, Karachi, 2008
 * Theatrics, National Academy of Performing Arts, Karachi, 2012
 * The God of My Idolatry: Memories and Reflections, Pakistan Publishing House, Karachi, 2016

Awards and recognition

 * Hilal-i-Imtiaz Award [(Crescent of Excellence) Award] in 2012 by the President of Pakistan
 * Sitara-i-Imtiaz Award [(Star of Excellence) Award] in 2003 by the Government of Pakistan
 * Lifetime Achievement Award on 29 November 2017, presented by the Pakistani community living in Dubai & given by the Pakistan Ambassador in United Arab Emirates (UAE).
 * Zia Mohyeddin Flyover, Gulistan-e-Johar 23rd of March 2023.

title: Zia Mohyeddin