text:
The Towers of Bois-Maury

The Towers of Bois-Maury (original French title: Les Tours de Bois-Maury) is a series of graphic novels that begun in 1984 by Belgian comic book creator Hermann.

Plot
Set in 11th century Europe, the series concerns the efforts of the wandering noble Sir Aymar de Bois-Maury, knight, to reclaim his ancestral home, Bois-Maury. Less focused on action than the other series of Hermann (like Jeremiah), Les Tours de Bois-Maury deals more with human thoughts and considerations.

Original publications in French
To date the series comprises the following albums:

Les Tours de Bois-Maury (originally published by Glenat )
 * 1. Babette
 * 2. Eloise de Montgri
 * 3. Germain
 * 4. Reinhardt
 * 5. Alda
 * 6. Sigurd
 * 7. William
 * 8. Le seldjouki
 * 9. Khaled
 * 10. Olivier
 * 16. L'Homme à la hache

Bois-Maury (originally published by Glenat )
 * 11. Assunta
 * 12. Rodrigo
 * 13. Dulle Griet
 * 14. Vassya
 * 15. Œil de ciel

All albums have been written and drawn by Hermann, except Rodrigo, Dulle Griet, Vassya and Œil de ciel , all written by his son Yves H..

English translations
The first few albums and Rodrigo were published by different companies, all of them under the series title, The Towers of Bois-Maury.
 * 1. Babette
 * Titan Books, UK, 1985 ISBN 0-907610-47-1 Paperback. Reprinted with different cover in 1989
 * Dark Horse Comics (Strip Art Features), USA, 2002 ISBN 1-56971-768-0 Hardcover
 * 2. Eloise de Montgri
 * Titan Books, UK, 1989 ISBN 978-1852861131 Paperback.
 * Dark Horse Comics (Strip Art Features), USA, 2002 ISBN 1-56971-769-9 Hardcover.
 * 3. Germain
 * Catalan Communications, USA, 1990 ISBN 0-87416-100-2
 * SAF Comics announced its publication for October 2003, but never had published it.
 * 4. Alda
 * Heavy Metal magazine's July, 1990 (Vol. 14 No. 3) issue features the graphic novel
 * 12. Rodrigo
 * Dark Horse Comics (Strip Art Features), USA, 2001 ISBN 978-1569716328 Hardcover.

title: The Towers of Bois-Maury


text:
Gibson Stradivarius

The Gibson ex-Huberman Stradivarius of 1713 is an antique violin made by Antonio Stradivari of Cremona. The Gibson, while owned by Bronisław Huberman, was stolen twice. The first time it was returned shortly afterwards. The second theft, possibly by musician Julian Altman, occurred on the evening of 28 February 1936, backstage at Carnegie Hall, while Huberman performed with his Guarnerius of 1731.

Though Huberman never saw the Gibson again, it was recovered 50 years later, in 1985, as a result of Altman's deathbed confession to his wife that he had bought the stolen violin from a friend for $100. In 1988 she turned it in to Lloyd's, which paid her a $263,000 finder's fee and then sold it for $1.2 million to Norbert Brainin, an acclaimed English violinist.

It is currently owned by violinist Joshua Bell. Bell had played the violin, and Brainin jokingly told him it could be his for four million dollars. Shortly thereafter, by chance, Bell came across the violin again and discovered it was about to be sold to a German industrialist to become part of a collection. According to his website, Bell "was practically in tears."

Bell sold his then current Stradivarius, the Tom Taylor, for a little more than two million dollars and purchased the Gibson ex-Huberman for a little under the four million dollar asking price. His first recording with it was Romance of the Violin (on Sony Classical) in 2003.

In 2019, the instrument's value increased to an estimated $14 million.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Gibson Stradivarius


text:
Brazil at the 2000 Summer Olympics

Brazil competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. Brazilian athletes won twelve medals: six silver and six bronze, in the first Summer Olympics edition without a gold medal since the 1976 Summer Olympics. The 205 competitors, 111 men and 94 women, took part in 96 events in 23 sports.

Summary
At the Judo competitions, two silver medals were obtained. Tiago Camilo lost in the final against Italian Giuseppe Maddaloni in men's 73 kg. Carlos Honorato lost the final of the men's 90 kg to Mark Huizinga from the Netherlands.

Brazilians sailors conquered two medals in Sailing. Current Olympic champion Robert Scheidt was silver medalist in the Laser class after a very tough competition against British gold medalist Ben Ainslie. The 1996 Olympic champions Torben Grael and Marcelo Ferreira were bronze medalists in Star class. It was Grael's fourth of five Olympic medals.

Brazil obtained four of those medals in Volleyball (three of them in beach volleyball and one indoor). Adriana Behar and Shelda Bede were silver medalists in Women's beach volleyball. They were current world champions and lost the gold medal match to Natalie Cook and Kerri Pottharst from Australia. Also in the women's competition, Brazilians Adriana Samuel and Sandra Pires were the bronze medalists. Zé Marco de Melo and Ricardo Santos were silver medalists of the men's beach volleyball competition losing the gold medal match to Americans Dain Blanton and Eric Fonoimoana. The indoor medal was the bronze conquered by Brazil women's national volleyball team, repeating the same result of the 1996 Summer Olympics, in a match of 3 sets to 0 against United States.

The bronze medal obtained by equestrians Luiz Felipe de Azevedo, André Johannpeter, Alvaro Miranda Neto and Rodrigo Pessoa in team jumping was the same result of the 1996 Olympics and with the same team.

The swimmers Fernando Scherer, Gustavo Borges, Carlos Jayme and Edvaldo Valério conquered the bronze medal in men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay. It was Gustavo Borges' fourth Olympic medal, a record number among Brazilian swimmers.

Brazil women's national basketball team won the bronze medal in a match decided in extra-time against South Korea.

At the Athletics competition a silver medal was obtained in men's 4 × 100 metres relay, by sprinters Vicente de Lima, Édson Ribeiro, André da Silva and Claudinei da Silva. Cláudio Roberto Souza was also awarded a silver medal in the event because he took part in the relay in the heats.

Medalists

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 * style="text-align:left; width:22%; vertical-align:top;"|

Athletics

 * Key
 * Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
 * Q = Qualified for the next round
 * q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
 * NR = National record
 * N/A = Round not applicable for the event
 * Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round

 * Men
 * Track and road events

 * Field events

 * Women
 * Field events

Women's tournament

 * Team roster
 * Adriana Aparecida dos Santos
 * Adrianinha
 * Alessandra Santos de Oliveira
 * Cíntia Tuiú
 * Claudinha
 * Helen Cristina Santos Luz
 * Zaine
 * Janeth dos Santos Arcain
 * Kelly da Silva Santos
 * Lílian Cristina Lopes Gonçalves
 * Marta de Souza Sobral
 * Silvinha

 * Group play

 * Quarterfinal

 * Semifinal

 * Bronze medal match

Sprint

 * Men

Road

 * Men

 * Women

Diving

 * Men

 * Women

Equestrianism

 * Dressage

 * Eventing

 * Jumping

Fencing
One male fencer represented Brazil in 2000.

 * Men

Football

 * Summary

Men's tournament
Head coach: Vanderlei Luxemburgo
 * Roster

 * Stand-by players

 * Group play

 * Quarterfinal

Women's tournament
Head coach: José Duarte

Brazil named a squad of 18 players and 4 alternates for the tournament.

 * Group play

 * Semifinal

 * Bronze medal match

Artistic

 * Women

Handball
Summary Key:
 * ET: After Extra Time
 * P – Match decided by penalty-shootout.

 * Team roster
 * Alessandra Medeiros da Oliveira
 * Aline Silva
 * Chana Masson
 * Dilane Roese
 * Idalina Mesquita
 * Lucila Vianna da Silva
 * Meg Montão
 * Margarida Conte
 * Maria José Batista de Sales
 * Rosana de Aleluia
 * Sandra de Oliveira
 * Valéria de Oliveira
 * Viviane Jacques
 * Viviani Emerick

 * Group play

 * Quarterfinal

 * 5th-8th place classification match

 * 7th place match

Sailing
Nine men and three women competed in the eight events in the Sailing competition in Sydney.

Men's Mistral
 * Ricardo Santos
 * Race 1 – 5
 * Race 2 – 10
 * Race 3 – 21
 * Race 4 – 12
 * Race 5 – 22
 * Race 6 – 4
 * Race 7 – 8
 * Race 8 – 14
 * Race 9 – (37) OCS
 * Race 10 – 21
 * Race 11 – 26
 * Final – 117 (15th place)

Men's single-handed dinghy (Finn)
 * Christoph Bergmann
 * Race 1 – 10
 * Race 2 – 8
 * Race 3 – 3
 * Race 4 – (21)
 * Race 5 – 11
 * Race 6 – 13
 * Race 7 – 9
 * Race 8 – 2
 * Race 9 – 18
 * Race 10 – (20)
 * Race 11 – 10
 * Final – 84 (11th place)

Men's double-handed dinghy (470)
 * Andre Fonseca and Alexandre Paradeda
 * Race 1 – 14
 * Race 2 – (24)
 * Race 3 – 11
 * Race 4 – 21
 * Race 5 – 15
 * Race 6 – 20
 * Race 7 – (27)
 * Race 8 – 24
 * Race 9 – 22
 * Race 10 – 21
 * Race 11 – 23
 * Final – 171 (26th place)

Men's Laser
 * Robert Scheidt
 * Race 1 – 1
 * Race 2 – 2
 * Race 3 – (22)
 * Race 4 – 1
 * Race 5 – 12
 * Race 6 – 1
 * Race 7 – 20
 * Race 8 – 5
 * Race 9 – 1
 * Race 10 – 1
 * Race 11 – (44) DSQ
 * Final – 44 (silver medal)

Men's Tornado
 * Henrique Pellicano and Mauricio Oliveira
 * Race 1 – (17) OCS
 * Race 2 – 7
 * Race 3 – 6
 * Race 4 – 9
 * Race 5 – 16
 * Race 6 – 13
 * Race 7 – (17) OCS
 * Race 8 – 5
 * Race 9 – 6
 * Race 10 – 5
 * Race 11 – 11
 * Final – 78 (11th place)

Men's two-handed keelboat (Star)
 * Marcelo Ferreira and Torben Grael
 * Race 1 – 3
 * Race 2 – (13)
 * Race 3 – 1
 * Race 4 – 2
 * Race 5 – 1
 * Race 6 – 6
 * Race 7 – 7
 * Race 8 – 4
 * Race 9 – 12
 * Race 10 – 3
 * Race 11 – (17) OCS
 * Final – 39 (bronze medal)

Women's Mistral
 * Christina Forte
 * Race 1 – 24
 * Race 2 – 22
 * Race 3 – (27)
 * Race 4 – 26
 * Race 5 – 24
 * Race 6 – (30) OCS
 * Race 7 – 26
 * Race 8 – 25
 * Race 9 – 24
 * Race 10 – 25
 * Race 11 – 27
 * Final – 223 (26th place)

Women's double-handed dinghy (470)
 * Maria Krahe and Fernanda Oliveira
 * Race 1 – 16
 * Race 2 – 17
 * Race 3 – 14
 * Race 4 – 14
 * Race 5 – 13
 * Race 6 – (20) DSQ
 * Race 7 – 17
 * Race 8 – 15
 * Race 9 – (20) OCS
 * Race 10 – 19
 * Race 11 – 18
 * Final – 143 (19th place)

Swimming
Men's 50m freestyle
 * Fernando Scherer
 * Preliminary heat – 22.88 (did not advance)
 * Edvaldo Valério
 * Preliminary heat – 22.96 (did not advance)

Men's 100m freestyle
 * Fernando Scherer
 * Preliminary heat – DNS (did not advance)
 * Gustavo Borges
 * Preliminary heat – 49.76
 * Semi-final – 49.93 (did not advance)

Men's 200m freestyle
 * Rodrigo Castro
 * Preliminary heat – 1:53.65 (did not advance)

Men's 400m freestyle
 * Luiz Lima
 * Preliminary heat – 03:53.87 (did not advance)

Men's 1500m freestyle
 * Luiz Lima
 * Preliminary heat – 15:23.15 (did not advance)

Men's 100m breaststroke
 * Eduardo Fischer
 * Preliminary heat – 01:03.72 (did not advance)

Men's 100m backstroke
 * Alexandre Massura
 * Preliminary heat – 55.58
 * Semi-final – 56.07 (did not advance)
 * Rogério Romero
 * Preliminary heat – 56.44 (did not advance)

Men's 200m backstroke
 * Rogério Romero
 * Preliminary heat – 02:00.48
 * Semi-final – 01:59.69
 * Final – 01:59.27 (7th place)
 * Leonardo Costa
 * Preliminary heat – 02:01.08
 * Semi-final – 02:02.26 (did not advance)

Men's 4 × 100 m freestyle
 * Fernando Scherer, Edvaldo Valério, Carlos Jayme, Gustavo Borges
 * Preliminary heat – 03:19.29
 * Final – 03:17.40 (bronze medal)

Men's 4 × 200 m freestyle
 * Edvaldo Valério, Leonardo Costa, Luiz Lima, Rodrigo Castro
 * Preliminary heat – 07:26.42 (did not advance)

Men's 4 × 100 m medley
 * Alexandre Massura, Eduardo Fischer, Fernando Scherer, Gustavo Borges
 * Preliminary heat – 03:42.31 (did not advance)

Women's 100m butterfly
 * Fabíola Molina
 * Preliminary heat – 01:02.77 (did not advance)

Women's 100m backstroke
 * Fabíola Molina
 * Preliminary heat – 01:03.68 (did not advance)

Synchronized swimming

 * Women

Triathlon
At the inaugural Olympic triathlon competition, Brazil was represented by three men and three women. Two of the Brazilian women did not finish, giving Brazil the distinction of being one of only two nations (along with Great Britain) to have multiple competitors not finish the race.

Men's individual competition:
 * Leandro Macedo – 1:49:50.69 (→ 14th place)
 * Juraci Moreira – 1:50:44.79 (→ 22nd place)
 * Armando Barcellos – 1:53:42.63 (→ 39th place)

Women's individual competition:
 * Sandra Soldan – 2:03:19.86 (→ 11th place)
 * Mariana Ohata – DNF (→ no ranking)
 * Carla Moreno – DNF (→ no ranking)

Men's team competition

 * Preliminary round (group A)
 * Defeated Australia (3–0)
 * Defeated Egypt (3–0)
 * Defeated Netherlands (3–0)
 * Defeated Spain (3–1)
 * Defeated Cuba (3–0)
 * Quarterfinals
 * Lost to Argentina (1–3)
 * Classification matches
 * 5th/8th place: defeated Cuba (3–2)
 * 5th/6th place: lost to Netherlands (0–3) → sixth place
 * Team roster
 * André Heller
 * Dante Amaral
 * Douglas Chiarotti
 * Gilberto Godoy Filho
 * Giovane Gávio
 * Gustavo Endres
 * Gilmar Teixeira
 * Marcelo Elgarten
 * Maurício Lima
 * Max Pereira
 * Nalbert Bitencourt
 * Alexandre Samuel
 * Head coach: Radamés Lattari Filho

Women's team competition

 * Preliminary round (group A)
 * Defeated Kenya (3–0)
 * Defeated Australia (3–0)
 * Defeated PR China (3–0)
 * Defeated Croatia (3–0)
 * Defeated United States (3–1)
 * Quarterfinals
 * Defeated Germany (3–0)
 * Semifinals
 * Lost to Cuba (2–3)
 * Bronze-medal match
 * Defeated United States (3–0) → [[Image:Med 3.png]] bronze medal
 * Team roster
 * Elisângela Oliveira
 * Erika Coimbra
 * Hélia Souza
 * Janina Conceição
 * Karin Rodrigues
 * Kátia Lopes
 * Kely Fraga
 * Leila Barros
 * Raquel Silva
 * Ricarda Lima
 * Virna Dias
 * Walewska Oliveira
 * Head coach: Bernardo Rezende

title: Brazil at the 2000 Summer Olympics


text:
B-Sides & Rarities (Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds album)

B-Sides & Rarities is a 3CD compilation by Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds, released in March 2005. It features over 20 years of the band's B-sides and previously unreleased tracks. It is also the first recording to include all members of the Bad Seeds, past and present up to the time of its release: current members Mick Harvey, Blixa Bargeld, Thomas Wydler, Martyn P. Casey, Conway Savage, Jim Sclavunos, and Warren Ellis, and former members Barry Adamson, Hugo Race, Kid Congo Powers, Roland Wolf, and James Johnston. A second volume, B-Sides & Rarities Part II, was released in October 2021.

Content
In addition to the large number of B-sides that make up the majority of the compilation, the record includes two unreleased songs, two unreleased covers, as well as live and acoustic versions of Bad Seeds tracks.

Some of the tracks were originally released as Nick Cave solo tracks, namely "Helpless", "Cassiel's Song", the Shane MacGowan collaboration "What a Wonderful World", and "A Rainy Night in Soho".

Track listing
All songs written by Nick Cave unless otherwise stated

Disc 1

 * 1) "Deanna" (Acoustic Version) – 2:51
 * 2) *Acoustic version of the song from "Tender Prey" (Recorded January 8th, 1990 at Fun City Studios). Attached as a bonus 7" to initial pressings of The Good Son album, 1990
 * 3) "The Mercy Seat" (Acoustic Version) (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Harvey) - 3:45
 * 4) *Acoustic version of the song from "Tender Prey", (Recorded May 1989 at Hansa Ton Studios). Attached as a bonus 7" to initial pressings of The Good Son album, 1990
 * 5) "City of Refuge" (Acoustic Version) – 2:42
 * 6) *Acoustic version of the song from "Tender Prey" (Recorded January 8th, 1990 at Fun City Studios). Attached as a bonus 7" to initial pressings of The Good Son album, 1990
 * 7) "The Moon is in the Gutter" – 2:35
 * 8) *B-side of "In the Ghetto", 1984
 * 9) "The Six Strings that Drew Blood" – 4:47
 * 10) *B-side of "Tupelo", 1985
 * 11) "Rye Whiskey" (Traditional; arranged by Cave and Mick Harvey) - 3:27
 * 12) *Flexidisc in Reflex magazine in 1989
 * 13) "Running Scared" (Roy Orbison, Joe Melson) - 2:06
 * 14) *B-side of "The Singer", 1986
 * 15) "Black Betty" (Lead Belly) - 2:32
 * 16) *B-side of "The Singer", 1986
 * 17) "Scum" (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Harvey) - 2:53
 * 18) *Flexidisc sold at concerts, 1986
 * 19) "The Girl at the Bottom of My Glass" – 4:48
 * 20) *B-side of "Deanna" 12", 1988
 * 21) "The Train Song" – 3:26
 * 22) *B-side of 'The Ship Song', 1990
 * 23) "Cocks 'N' Asses" (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Victor Van Vugt) - 5:43
 * 24) *B-side of "The Weeping Song", 1990, retitled as "The B-Side Song" on the US single
 * 25) "Blue Bird" – 2:46
 * 26) *B-side of "Straight to You/Jack the Ripper", 1992
 * 27) "Helpless" (Neil Young) - 3:51
 * 28) *From Neil Young Tribute/Charity Album The Bridge, 1989. Also B-side of "The Weeping Song", 1990
 * 29) "God's Hotel" – 3:07
 * 30) *Live Radio Session for KCRW Santa Monica. Released on Rare on Air Vol. 1, Mammoth Records, 1992
 * 31) "(I'll Love You) Till the End of the World" – 3:58
 * 32) *From the original soundtrack Until the End of the World, 1991. Also B-side of "Loverman", 1994
 * 33) "Cassiel's Song" – 3:35
 * 34) *From the original soundtrack Faraway, So Close, 1993. Also B-side of "Do You Love Me?", 1994
 * 35) "Tower of Song" (Leonard Cohen) - 5:39
 * 36) *From Leonard Cohen tribute album I'm Your Fan, 1991
 * 37) "What Can I Give You?" – 3:40
 * 38) *From the French promo give-away with Henry's Dream, 1992

Disc 2

 * 1) "What a Wonderful World" (George David Weiss, George Douglas) - 3:04
 * 2) *From the single "What a Wonderful World", 1992
 * 3) "Rainy Night in Soho" (Shane MacGowan) - 3:58
 * 4) *Harvey & Bill McGee – String and woodwind arrangement
 * 5) *From the single "What a Wonderful World", 1992
 * 6) "Lucy" (Version #2) – 2:23
 * 7) *From the single "What a Wonderful World", 1992
 * 8) "Jack the Ripper" (Acoustic Version) – 4:45
 * 9) *B-side of the limited edition 7" "Straight to You/Jack the Ripper", 1992
 * 10) "Sail Away" – 4:13
 * 11) *B-side of "Do You Love Me?", 1994
 * 12) "There's No Night Out in the Jail" (John Harold Ashe) - 3:43
 * 13) *Recorded for a compilation of Australian country music cover versions which was never released, 1993
 * 14) "That's What Jazz Is to Me" (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Harvey, Savage, Wydler) - 5:05
 * 15) *Improvised piece. B-side of "Red Right Hand", 1994
 * 16) "The Willow Garden" (Traditional; arranged by Cave and Ellis) - 3:59
 * 17) *B-side of "Where the Wild Roses Grow", 1995
 * 18) "The Ballad of Robert Moore and Betty Coltrane" – 3:35
 * 19) *B-side of "Where the Wild Roses Grow", 1995
 * 20) "King Kong Kitchee Kitchee Ki-Mi-O" (Traditional; arranged by Cave) - 3:10
 * 21) *B-side of "Henry Lee", 1996
 * 22) "Knoxville Girl" (Traditional; arranged by Cave and Johnston) - 3:36
 * 23) *B-side of "Henry Lee", 1996
 * 24) "Where the Wild Roses Grow" – 3:47
 * 25) *Version with original guide vocal by Blixa Bargeld. Previously unreleased, 1995
 * 26) "O'Malley's Bar Pt. 1" – 5:16
 * 27) *From Mark Radcliffe Radio 1 session, 1996
 * 28) "O'Malley's Bar Pt. 2" – 6:38
 * 29) *From Mark Radcliffe Radio 1 session, 1996
 * 30) "O'Malley's Bar Pt. 3" – 4:57
 * 31) *From Mark Radcliffe Radio 1 session, 1996
 * 32) "Time Jesum Transeuntum et Non Riverentum" (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Ellis, Turner, White) - 6:22
 * 33) *Featuring The Dirty 3. Hidden track on X-Files album, 1996
 * 34) "O'Malley's Bar Reprise" – 1:03
 * 35) *From Mark Radcliffe Radio 1 session, 1996
 * 36) "Red Right Hand" (Scream 3 version) (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Harvey, Wydler) - 6:01
 * 37) *Recorded for the movie Scream 3. Previously unreleased, 1999

Disc 3

 * 1) "Little Empty Boat" (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Bargeld, Casey, Harvey) - 4:26
 * 2) *B-side of "Into My Arms", 1997
 * 3) "Right Now I'm a-Roaming" (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Casey, Harvey, Savage, Wydler) - 4:21
 * 4) *B-side of "Into My Arms", 1997
 * 5) "Come Into My Sleep" – 3:47
 * 6) *B-side of "(Are You) The One That I've Been Waiting For?", 1997
 * 7) "Black Hair" (Band Version) – 4:13
 * 8) *B-side of "(Are You) The One That I've Been Waiting For?", 1997
 * 9) "Babe, I Got You Bad" – 3:51
 * 10) *B-side of "(Are You) The One That I've Been Waiting For?", 1997
 * 11) "Sheep May Safely Graze" – 4:14
 * 12) *Unreleased studio outtake, 1996
 * 13) "Opium Tea" (Cave, Savage) - 3:48
 * 14) *Unreleased studio outtake, 1996
 * 15) "Grief Came Riding" – 5:05
 * 16) *From limited edition of No More Shall We Part album, 2001
 * 17) "Bless His Ever Loving Heart" – 4:02
 * 18) *From limited edition of No More Shall We Part album, 2001
 * 19) "Good Good Day" – 4:04
 * 20) *B-side of "As I Sat Sadly By Her Side", 2001
 * 21) "Little Janey's Gone" – 2:59
 * 22) *B-side of "As I Sat Sadly by Her Side", 2001
 * 23) "I Feel So Good" (J. B. Lenoir) - 1:44
 * 24) *From the film The Soul of a Man by Wim Wenders, 2003
 * 25) "Shoot Me Down" – 3:32
 * 26) *B-side of "Bring It On", 2003
 * 27) "Swing Low" – 5:40
 * 28) *B-side of "Bring It On", 2003
 * 29) "Little Ghost Song" – 3:44
 * 30) *B-side of "He Wants You/Babe, I'm On Fire", 2003
 * 31) "Everything Must Converge" – 3:17
 * 32) *B-side of "He Wants You/Babe, I'm On Fire", 2003
 * 33) "Nocturama" – 4:01
 * 34) *B-side of limited edition 7" "Rock of Gibraltar", 2003
 * 35) "She's Leaving You" (lyrics: Cave; music: Cave, Ellis, Casey, Sclavunos) - 4:01
 * 36) *B-side of "Nature Boy", 2004
 * 37) "Under This Moon" – 4:01
 * 38) *B-side of "Breathless/There She Goes, My Beautiful World", 2004

Musicians

 * Bronwyn Adams - backing vocals, violin
 * Barry Adamson - bass, timpani, orchestral arrangements
 * Blixa Bargeld - guitar, backing vocals, vocals, handclaps, slide guitar, pedal steel guitar, feedback guitar, percussion
 * Martyn P. Casey - bass, backing vocals, percussion
 * Nick Cave - vocals, piano, Hammond organ, harmonica, backing vocals, keyboards, whistling, guitar, string synth, sound effects
 * Tony Cohen - backing vocals, percussion
 * Kid Congo Powers - backing vocals, handclaps, slide guitar, tremolo guitar
 * Terry Edwards - brass section
 * Warren Ellis - violin, mandolin, bouzouki, looped violin
 * Mick Gallagher - backing vocals
 * Mick Harvey - guitar, backing vocals, acoustic guitar, bass, organ, drums, string arrangements, piano, Hammond organ, marimba, keyboards, sound effects, cymbals, vibes, xylophone, woodwind arrangement
 * Chas Jankel - backing vocals
 * James Johnston - organ, guitar
 * Shane MacGowan - vocals
 * Anna McGarrigle - backing vocals
 * Kate McGarrigle - backing vocals
 * Bill McGee - string arrangement, woodwind arrangement
 * Astrid Munday - percussion
 * Tracy Pew - bass
 * Hugo Race - guitar
 * Conway Savage - piano, organ, backing vocals, vocals, electric piano, Hammond organ, percussion
 * Jim Sclavunos - drums, brushed snare, tambourine, percussion, tubular bells, organ, bongos, bells, shaker
 * Johnny Turnbull - backing vocals
 * Mick Turner - guitar
 * Victor Van Vugt - drum machine
 * Norman Watt-Roy - backing vocals
 * Jim White - drums
 * Roland Wolf - backing vocals, handclaps, piano
 * Thomas Wydler - drums, percussion, backing vocals, tambourine, handclaps

Musicians by track

 * Disc 1
 * 1) "Deanna" (acoustic version)
 * 2) *Cave – Vocals
 * 3) *Harvey – Guitar, backing vocals
 * 4) *Wydler – percussion
 * 5) *Congo Powers, Bargeld, Wolf – handclaps, backing vocals
 * 6) "The Mercy Seat" (acoustic version)
 * 7) *Cave – vocals
 * 8) *Harvey – guitar, backing vocals
 * 9) *Wolf – piano
 * 10) *Bargeld – backing vocals
 * 11) "City of Refuge" (acoustic version)
 * 12) *Cave – Vocals
 * 13) *Harvey – guitar, backing vocals
 * 14) *Bargeld, Wydler, Congo Powers, Wolf – handclaps, backing vocals
 * 15) "The Moon is in the Gutter"
 * 16) *Cave – vocals, piano
 * 17) *Bargeld – guitar
 * 18) *Race – guitar
 * 19) *Adamson – bass
 * 20) *Harvey – drums
 * 21) "The Six Strings that Drew Blood"
 * 22) *Cave – vocals, whistling
 * 23) *Harvey – Guitars, Bass, Keyboard
 * 24) *Bargeld – Feedback Guitar
 * 25) "Rye Whiskey"
 * 26) *Cave – Vocals, Harmonica
 * 27) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar, Drums
 * 28) *Race – Guitar
 * 29) *Tracy Pew – Bass
 * 30) "Running Scared"
 * 31) *Cave – Vocals
 * 32) *Harvey – Drums, String Arrangement
 * 33) *Race – Guitar
 * 34) *Tracy Pew – Bass
 * 35) "Black Betty"
 * 36) *Cave – Vocals
 * 37) *Harvey – Drums, Backing vocals
 * 38) *Bargeld – Backing vocals
 * 39) "Scum" – 2:53
 * 40) *Cave – Vocals
 * 41) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 42) *Harvey – Bass
 * 43) *Wydler – Drums
 * 44) "The Girl at the Bottom of My Glass"
 * 45) *Cave – Vocals, Guitar, Backing vocals
 * 46) *Harvey – Drums, Backing vocals
 * 47) *Tony Cohen – Backing vocals
 * 48) "The Train Song" – 3:26
 * 49) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 50) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar, Bass
 * 51) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 52) *Congo Powers – Tremolo Guitar
 * 53) *Wydler – Drums
 * 54) *Harvey & Bill McGee – String Arrangement
 * 55) "Cocks 'N' Asses"
 * 56) *Cave – Piano, Vocals, String Synth
 * 57) *Harvey – Guitar, Sound Effects
 * 58) *Victor Van Vugt – Drum Machine
 * 59) "Blue Bird"
 * 60) *Cave – Vocals, Piano, Hammond organ
 * 61) *Harvey – Marimba
 * 62) *Casey – Bass
 * 63) *Wydler – Drums
 * 64) "Helpless"
 * 65) *Cave – Vocals, Keyboard
 * 66) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar, Bass, Organ, Drums, Backing vocals
 * 67) *Congo Powers – Slide Guitar
 * 68) *Bronwyn Adams – Backing vocals
 * 69) "God's Hotel"
 * 70) *Cave – Vocals
 * 71) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar
 * 72) *Bargeld – Slide Guitar
 * 73) *Savage – Piano
 * 74) *Casey – Bass
 * 75) *Wydler – Drums
 * 76) "(I'll Love You) Till the End of the World"
 * 77) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 78) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 79) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar, Bass, String Arrangement
 * 80) *Wydler – Drums
 * 81) *Bronwyn Adams – Violin
 * 82) "Cassiel's Song"
 * 83) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 84) *Adamson – Bass, Timpani
 * 85) *Harvey – String Arrangement
 * 86) "Tower of Song"
 * 87) *Cave – Vocals
 * 88) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 89) *Bargeld – Guitar, Vocals
 * 90) *Casey – Bass
 * 91) *Wydler – Drums
 * 92) "What Can I Give You?"
 * 93) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 94) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar
 * 95) *Savage – Electric Piano
 * 96) *Casey – Bass
 * 97) *Wydler – Drums

 * Disc 2
 * 1) "What a Wonderful World"
 * 2) *Cave – Vocals
 * 3) *Shane MacGowan – Vocals
 * 4) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar
 * 5) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 6) *Savage – Piano
 * 7) *Casey – Bass
 * 8) *Wydler – Drums
 * 9) *Bill McGee – Woodwind Arrangement
 * 10) "Rainy Night in Soho"
 * 11) *Cave – Vocals
 * 12) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar, Vibes
 * 13) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 14) *Savage – Piano
 * 15) *Casey – Bass
 * 16) *Wydler – Drums
 * 17) *Harvey & Bill McGee – String & Woodwind Arrangement
 * 18) "Lucy" (Version #2)
 * 19) *MacGowan – Vocals
 * 20) *Cave – Piano, Backing vocals
 * 21) *Harvey & Bill McGee – String Arrangement
 * 22) "Jack the Ripper" (acoustic version)
 * 23) *Cave – Vocals
 * 24) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar
 * 25) *The Bad Seeds – Backing vocals, Percussion
 * 26) "Sail Away"
 * 27) *Cave – Vocals, Hammond organ
 * 28) *Harvey – Marimba
 * 29) *Savage – Backing vocals
 * 30) *Casey – Bass
 * 31) *Wydler – Drums
 * 32) "There's No Night Out in the Jail"
 * 33) *Cave – Vocals, Harmonica organ
 * 34) *Harvey – Organ, Guitar
 * 35) *Savage – Piano
 * 36) *Casey – Bass
 * 37) *Wydler – Drums
 * 38) "That's What Jazz is to Me"
 * 39) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 40) *Savage – Hammond organ
 * 41) *Harvey – Bass
 * 42) *Wydler – Drums
 * 43) "The Willow Garden"
 * 44) *Savage – Vocals, Piano
 * 45) *Cave – Hammond organ
 * 46) *Ellis – Violin
 * 47) *Casey – Bass
 * 48) *Harvey – Cymbals
 * 49) "The Ballad of Robert Moore and Betty Coltrane"
 * 50) *Cave – Vocals, Hammond organ, Piano, Sound Effects
 * 51) *Harvey – Acoustic Guitar
 * 52) *Casey – Bass
 * 53) *Wydler – Drums, Percussion
 * 54) *Terry Edwards – Brass Section
 * 55) "King Kong Kitchee Kitchee Ki-Mi-O"
 * 56) *Cave – Vocals
 * 57) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 58) *Ellis – Violin
 * 59) *Race – Guitar
 * 60) *Casey – Bass
 * 61) *Wydler – Drums
 * 62) *Sclavunos, Tony Cohen, Astrid Munday – Percussion
 * 63) "Knoxville Girl"
 * 64) *Cave – Vocals
 * 65) *Johnston – Guitars
 * 66) "Where the Wild Roses Grow"
 * 67) *Bargeld – Vocals, Guitar
 * 68) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 69) *Harvey – Guitars, Backing vocals
 * 70) *Casey – Bass
 * 71) *Savage – Piano
 * 72) *Wydler – Drums
 * 73) *Sclavunos – Tubular Bells
 * 74) "O'Malley's Bar Pt. 1"
 * 75) *Cave – Vocals
 * 76) *Harvey – Piano
 * 77) *Savage – Organ
 * 78) *Casey – Bass
 * 79) *Wydler – Drums
 * 80) *Sclavunos – Brushed Snare
 * 81) "O'Malley's Bar Pt. 2"
 * 82) *Cave – Vocals
 * 83) *Harvey – Piano
 * 84) *Savage – Organ
 * 85) *Casey – Bass
 * 86) *Wydler – Drums
 * 87) *Sclavunos – Brushed Snare
 * 88) "O'Malley's Bar Pt. 3"
 * 89) *Cave – Vocals
 * 90) *Harvey – Piano
 * 91) *Savage – Organ
 * 92) *Casey – Bass
 * 93) *Wydler – Drums
 * 94) *Sclavunos – Brushed Snare
 * 95) "Time Jesum Transeuntum Et Non Riverentum"
 * 96) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 97) *Ellis – Violin
 * 98) *Mick Turner – Guitar
 * 99) *Jim White – Drums
 * 100) "O'Malley's Bar Reprise"
 * 101) *Cave – Vocals
 * 102) *Harvey – Piano
 * 103) *Savage – Organ
 * 104) *Casey – Bass
 * 105) *Wydler – Drums
 * 106) *Sclavunos – Brushed Snare
 * 107) "Red Right Hand" (Scream 3 version)
 * 108) *Cave – Vocals, Hammond organ
 * 109) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 110) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 111) *Casey – Bass
 * 112) *Wydler – Drums, Percussion
 * 113) *Adamson – Orchestral Arrangement

 * Disc 3
 * 1) "Little Empty Boat"
 * 2) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 3) *Harvey – Guitar, Organ
 * 4) *Bargeld – Guitar, Backing vocals
 * 5) *Casey – Bass, Backing vocals
 * 6) *Wydler – Drums, Backing vocals
 * 7) *Sclavunos – Percussion
 * 8) *Ellis – Looped Violin
 * 9) "Right Now I'm A-Roaming"
 * 10) *Cave – Vocals, Keyboard
 * 11) *Harvey – Organ, Guitar, Backing vocals
 * 12) *Bargeld – Guitar, Backing vocals
 * 13) *Savage – Piano
 * 14) *Casey – Bass
 * 15) *Wydler – Drums
 * 16) *Sclavunos – Bells
 * 17) "Come Into My Sleep"
 * 18) *Cave – Vocals
 * 19) *Harvey – Xylophone, Guitar, Organ
 * 20) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 21) *Savage – Piano
 * 22) *Casey – Bass
 * 23) *Wydler – Drums
 * 24) *Sclavunos – Bongos
 * 25) "Black Hair" (band version)
 * 26) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 27) *Sclavunos – Organ
 * 28) *Casey – Bass
 * 29) *Wydler – Drums
 * 30) "Babe, I Got You Bad"
 * 31) *Cave – Vocals
 * 32) *Harvey – Guitar, Organ
 * 33) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 34) *Savage – Piano
 * 35) *Casey – Bass
 * 36) *Wydler – Drums
 * 37) *Sclavunos – Tambourine
 * 38) "Sheep May Safely Graze"
 * 39) *Cave – Vocals
 * 40) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 41) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 42) *Savage – Piano
 * 43) *Casey – Bass
 * 44) "Opium Tea"
 * 45) *Cave – Vocals, Hammond organ
 * 46) *Savage – Piano
 * 47) *Casey – Bass
 * 48) *Wydler – Drums
 * 49) "Grief Came Riding"
 * 50) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 51) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 52) *Casey – Bass
 * 53) *Wydler – Drums
 * 54) *Kate & Anna McGarrigle – Backing vocals
 * 55) "Bless His Ever Loving Heart"
 * 56) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 57) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 58) *Ellis – Violin
 * 59) *Casey – Bass
 * 60) *Wydler – Drums
 * 61) *Kate & Anna McGarrigle – Backing vocals
 * 62) "Good Good Day"
 * 63) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 64) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 65) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 66) *Casey – Bass
 * 67) *Wydler – Drums
 * 68) *Sclavunos – Tambourine
 * 69) "Little Janey's Gone"
 * 70) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 71) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 72) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 73) *Ellis – Violin
 * 74) *Casey – Bass
 * 75) *Wydler – Drums
 * 76) "I Feel So Good"
 * 77) *Cave – Vocals, Hammond organ
 * 78) *Harvey – Guitar, Backing vocals
 * 79) *Savage – Piano, Backing vocals
 * 80) *Sclavunos – Drums
 * 81) "Shoot Me Down"
 * 82) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 83) *Harvey – Guitar, Hammond organ
 * 84) *Ellis – Violin
 * 85) *Casey – Bass
 * 86) *Wydler – Drums
 * 87) *The Blockheads – Backing vocals
 * 88) "Swing Low"
 * 89) *Cave – Vocals, Hammond organ
 * 90) *Harvey – Guitar, Hammond
 * 91) *Bargeld – Pedal Steel Guitar
 * 92) *Ellis – Violin
 * 93) *Casey – Bass
 * 94) *Wydler – Drums
 * 95) *Sclavunos – Tubular Bells, Tambourine
 * 96) *The Blockheads – Backing vocals
 * 97) "Little Ghost Song"
 * 98) *Cave – Vocals, Piano, Hammond organ
 * 99) *Savage – Vocal
 * 100) *Harvey – Guitar, Backing vocals
 * 101) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 102) *Ellis – Violin
 * 103) *Casey – Bass
 * 104) *Wydler – Drums
 * 105) "Everything Must Converge"
 * 106) *Cave – Vocals, Hammond organ, Harmonica
 * 107) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 108) *Harvey – Bass
 * 109) *Sclavunos – Drums
 * 110) *The Blockheads – Backing vocals
 * 111) "Nocturama"
 * 112) *Cave – Vocals
 * 113) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 114) *Bargeld – Guitar
 * 115) *Savage – Organ
 * 116) *Casey – Bass
 * 117) *Wydler – Drums
 * 118) *Sclavunos – Shaker
 * 119) *The Blockheads – Backing vocals
 * 120) "She's Leaving You"
 * 121) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 122) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 123) *Ellis – Bouzouki
 * 124) *Johnston – Organ
 * 125) *Savage – Piano
 * 126) *Casey – Bass
 * 127) *Sclavunos – Drums
 * 128) *Wydler – Tambourine
 * 129) "Under This Moon"
 * 130) *Cave – Vocals, Piano
 * 131) *Harvey – Guitar
 * 132) *Ellis – Mandolin
 * 133) *Johnston – Organ
 * 134) *Casey – Bass
 * 135) *Sclavunos – Drums
 * 136) *Wydler – Tambourine


text:
Chris Cagle

Christopher Norris Cagle (born November 10, 1968) is an American country music artist. He was first known for writing songs for David Kersh before signing to Virgin Records Nashville in 2000. Cagle made his debut on Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts with "My Love Goes On and On", the first single from his debut album Play It Loud. The album, which was certified gold in the US, also produced the Top 10 "Laredo" and "I Breathe In, I Breathe Out", his only No. 1 hit.

Play It Loud was followed in 2002 by Chris Cagle, released on Capitol Records Nashville. A gold album in the United States, it produced the Top 5 hits "What a Beautiful Day" and "Chicks Dig It". Anywhere but Here, his third album, followed in 2005 and produced the No. 12 hit "Miss Me Baby". A fourth studio album, titled My Life's Been a Country Song, was released in 2008, and its lead-off single, "What Kinda Gone", peaked at No. 3 on the country music chart in early 2008. After exiting Capitol in 2008, he signed with Bigger Picture Music Group in 2011, before retiring from music in 2015.

Biography
Christopher Norris Cagle was born in DeRidder, Louisiana, on November 10, 1968; by the time he was 4, his family had moved to Sugar Land, Texas, just outside Houston. He stayed there until moving to Baytown, Texas, in high school. During his high school years, he took piano lessons before switching to guitar. His senior year he moved to White Settlement, Texas, where he attended Brewer High School before moving back to Baytown and graduating from Ross S. Sterling High School in 1987. He attended the University of Texas at Arlington for one year. He skipped his finance courses to audit music classes, and performed at night in nearby clubs. He also spent a brief period attending classes at Lee College in Baytown. Cagle later dropped out of college and moved to Nashville in 1994 at the behest of entertainment attorney Rod Phelps. Chris told Phelps that he "...had no place to live, no job, and no money." Phelps hired Cagle as a nanny for his and wife Sheila Wagnon's three daughters, Shayna, Ashley, and Tiffany. Chris remained for several months. While in Nashville, Cagle was waiting tables and tending bar while working to improve himself as a songwriter. One big break came when he met the legendary Harlan Howard, who was so impressed with Chris's songwriting progress that he was the first to publish one of his songs. Chris then landed a publishing deal and had songs recorded by David Kersh. A woman he met while waiting tables led him to Virgin Records head Scott Hendricks, who signed him to a record deal.

Musical career
For the next five years he worked odd jobs throughout Nashville, eventually landing a songwriting deal and co-writing album tracks for David Kersh. While working at a restaurant, he was discovered by an agent of the newly formed Nashville division of Virgin Records, and was signed to a recording deal with the label in 2000.

2000–2002: Play It Loud
Cagle's first album, Play It Loud, was issued in mid-2000. Serving as its lead-off single was "My Love Goes On and On", which reached No. 15 on Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs), while "Laredo", its follow-up, became his first Top Ten hit in mid-2001. After Virgin closed in 2001, the album was re-issued on Capitol Records with "I Breathe In, I Breathe Out" (which was also one of the songs that he had written for David Kersh in the late 1990s) added as a bonus track. Its b-side, "Country by the Grace of God", was the fourth and final single from the album. "I Breathe In, I Breathe Out" became his only No. 1 hit in early 2002. By the end of the year, Play It Loud had been certified gold in the United States.

2003–2004: Chris Cagle
Capitol released Cagle's second album, Chris Cagle, in the middle of 2003. His second consecutive gold album, it produced the Top 5 singles "What a Beautiful Day" and "Chicks Dig It", as well as the No. 39 "I'd Be Lying".

In 2003, Cagle also performed "Don't Ask Me No Questions" for the Blue Collar Comedy Tour: The Movie soundtrack; it plays during the end credits of the film.

In early 2004, Cagle was diagnosed with multiple anomalies on his vocal cords, including a polyp, a lesion, a vocal fold cyst, and a granuloma. The diagnosis forced him to cancel nearly twenty appearances that year, including opening dates for Rascal Flatts. He was ordered sixty days of vocal rest and did not sing for nearly three months after the diagnosis.

2005–2006: Anywhere but Here
After his vocal recovery, Cagle began work on his third studio album, Anywhere but Here, which was released in 2005. "Miss Me Baby" served as the album's first single, reaching No. 12 on the country chart. The other two singles — "Wal-Mart Parking Lot" and the title track, which had also been a single for Brice Long in 2005 – both failed to enter the Top 40.

In August 2006, a Nashville judge ordered Cagle to pay approximately $737,000 to former manager Mark Hybner, whom Chris had sued in 2004 in an effort to void management and publishing deals he had signed in 1999.

2007–2010: My Life's Been a Country Song and The Best of Chris Cagle
His eleventh single, "What Kinda Gone", was released to country radio in late 2007. Peaking at No. 3, it was the lead-off single to his fourth studio album My Life's Been a Country Song, which was released on February 19, 2008. The second single from the album, "No Love Songs", was released in May; it debuted and peaked at No. 53 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart for the week of May 24, 2008. "Never Ever Gone" did not chart, and Cagle parted ways with Capitol Nashville by year's end. The label released a greatest hits album in 2010 titled The Best of Chris Cagle.

2010–2013: Back in the Saddle
In 2010, Cagle signed with the Bigger Picture Music Group. He released a new single, "Got My Country On", on June 28, 2011. The song became Cagle's first top 20 country hit since "What Kinda Gone". His first album for the label, Back in the Saddle, was released on June 26, 2012. The album produced two more singles, "Let There Be Cowgirls" and "Dance Baby Dance", before Bigger Picture Music Group folded in 2013. In October 2015, Cagle announced his retirement from the music industry. He currently lives in Houston, Texas, as of 2020.

Personal life
Cagle graduated from Ross S. Sterling High School in Baytown, Texas, in 1987.

He married school teacher Elizabeth Filer on September 10, 2001, in Houston, Texas, but the marriage ended in divorce in 2003. On October 3, 2005, he announced on his website that he was not the biological father of his then-girlfriend's baby. Cagle is a brother of the Texas Kappa Chapter of Phi Delta Theta.

In 2008, Cagle and his girlfriend, Jennifer Tant, were jailed following a domestic assault issue for which Cagle was arrested in November 2007.

In December 2010, Cagle married his second wife, Kay, and became a stepfather to Khloe, her daughter from a previous marriage. Cagle has two biological daughters with Kay; Stella (born in April 2010) and Piper (born in 2011).

On December 15, 2013, he was arrested in Greenville, Texas, on "suspicion of driving while intoxicated."

Discography

 * Studio albums
 * Play It Loud (2000)
 * Chris Cagle (2003)
 * Anywhere but Here (2005)
 * My Life's Been a Country Song (2008)
 * Back in the Saddle (2012)

title: Chris Cagle


text:
The Creek Drank the Cradle

The Creek Drank the Cradle is the first studio album by the American musician Iron & Wine (aka Sam Beam). It was released on September 24, 2002. The vinyl LP release had a bonus 7" vinyl single. The promotional CD for this album was released in a cardboard sleeve with different artwork.

Background
The sparse lo-fi sound of the album is attributed to Beam recording the tracks at home on a four-track recorder, initially as demos. His intention was to pass these on to Joey Burns and John Convertino of the band Calexico who provided a rhythm section on the finished piece. However, the demos were released instead.

Reception
The Creek Drank the Cradle has received widespread critical acclaim since its release. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 87, based on 14 reviews, which indicates "universal acclaim".

Pitchfork placed The Creek Drank the Cradle at number 137 on its list of the top 200 albums of the 2000s. Tim Sendra of AllMusic called it "a stunning debut and one of the best records of 2002".

title: The Creek Drank the Cradle


text: User talk:84.9.72.190

title: User talk:84.9.72.190


text:
Talk:Franco Columbu

Untitled
Hi Yakolev,

I made a mistake when I converted 200 pounds to '907 kg'. You put it to a much closer '90.6 kg'. Thanks. Now I have reconverted using the excellent google converter (simply do a search for '200 pounds') '90.7 kg' is even closer. So I have made the edit. The Mr Olympia rules are actually metric at least in the 2001 version. So perhaps the value should be '90 kg'. What do you think?

http://www.ifbb.com/

Bobblewik (talk) 18:57, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Running Man
He's listed in the credits of the Running Man as "911 Security Officer #2" but I couldn't find him (there's one officer shot with a machine gun by Amber near the end that *might* be him. I also find a post online that says he was the stunt double for the Sub-Zero guy. Anybody know more? 64.25.200.120 19:34, 25 December 2006 (UTC)

Picture
How in the hell can you have a wiki article on Franco, and no picture?

personal life
Does anyone know if he is married? Have children? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.171.105.171 (talk) 16:11, 6 November 2007 (UTC)

Bench press and deadlift
Is something wrong? How come he deadlifts 340, 350 kg but bench-presses only 238 kg? Should be more, if the deadlift fig is correct

bench Press record
I've edited the bench press record to read 523 lbs, because 238 kg is not 900lbs

Decimal mark notation
The decimal mark notation in this article is inconsistent: a decimal point is used for his height, but a decimal comma is used for his lifts. Psalm 119:105 (talk) 20:57, 28 July 2011 (UTC)

 * Gone. It's understandable in an article that might attract Italian editors. While I'm at it, I'm going to round the KG values down. Again, I can understand why weights are given to three decimal places - they've been converted from Imperial measurements - but in this case I doubt that the measurements were *that* precise. -Ashley Pomeroy (talk) 22:00, 21 July 2016 (UTC)

Strongman 1977
Here is the link to the famous strongman 1977- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-fzWqFhJuXA&feature=related -Some registered user please write it in the main page 79.36.29.54 (talk) 22:30, 15 September 2012 (UTC)Marco58

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External links modified
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I have just added archive links to 3 one external links on Franco Columbu. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
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Name Change
This bizarre, but it's like there's a Mandela Effect operating to pretend that he was never referred to as Franco Columbo, with an O, not a U, as the last letter in his surname. For example, in Big Top Pee-Wee, in his role as Otto the Strongman, he is credited as Franco Columbo, not Columbu. Why is this never mentioned? 2603:9000:8D21:7100:30F9:1D1:ABBE:2286 (talk) 11:03, 19 July 2019 (UTC)

Stuttgart
Stuttgart might be correct, but the usual story, and what Arnold mentions in media reports (https://www.theguardian.com/film/2019/sep/01/arnold-schwarzenegger-pays-tribute-to-best-friend-franco-columbu-who-dies-aged-78) goes that the met in München (Munich). --194.118.63.109 (talk) 09:01, 1 September 2019 (UTC)

A chiropractor?
When I was living in Los Angeles ~2004 I spoke with someone in his chiropractic office about an appointment. There was a timing issue that prevented me from being seen by Dr. Columbu. I tried to find a confirming reference (relating to his being a chiropractor, not my failure to get an appointment) but haven't been able to come up with anything encyclopedic. Does anyone have a better lead? Thank you. Rainbow-five (talk) 00:43, 26 July 2021 (UTC)

As a fan of Franco who fortunately did business with his production company not sure why the difficulty. As Governor Arnold appointed Franco to the California Chiropractic Board so you could contact them and their is also reference to his Chiropractic practice in his book on nutrition. JFKenn (talk) 02:03, 26 July 2021 (UTC)

American citizenship
According to U.S. records, Columbu became a naturalized American citizen on December 15, 1983. I have been unable to locate any non-primary sources with this information, and even his New York Times obituary makes no mention of it. If anyone can source this fact reliably, please do. 66.209.91.155 (talk) 00:11, 5 February 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Franco Columbu


text:
Talk:The Creek Drank the Cradle

Fair use rationale for Image:IronandWine Creek.jpg
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BetacommandBot (talk) 23:01, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:The Creek Drank the Cradle


text:
Deana Carter

Deana Kay Carter (born January 4, 1966) is an American country music singer-songwriter who broke through in 1996 with the release of her debut album Did I Shave My Legs for This?, which was certified 5× Multi-Platinum in the United States for sales of over 5 million. It was followed by 1998's Everything's Gonna Be Alright, 2003's I'm Just a Girl, 2005's The Story of My Life, and 2007's The Chain. Overall, Carter's albums have accounted for 14 singles, including three which reached Number One on the Billboard country charts: "Strawberry Wine", "We Danced Anyway", and "How Do I Get There".

Biography
Carter was born in Nashville, Tennessee, the daughter of singer Fred Carter, Jr. Despite her famous father, she did not have a smooth path to a recording deal. After an initial lack of success at age 17, she entered the University of Tennessee, majoring in rehabilitation therapy and becoming a member of Alpha Delta Pi sorority. During college, she sang at various campus locations, performing for the enjoyment of singing, rather than with the intent of pursuing a musical career. She was also a local bartender at the Back Door Tavern (BDT) on Kingston Pike. After she graduated, she worked with recovering stroke and head injury patients. Although she found the work rewarding and worthwhile, she eventually realized that her first love was music, and decided to pursue the music career she had left.

Carter dated music video director Chris Hicky and had a son during their relationship; Gray Hayes Hicky was born in September 2004. On October 3, 2009, Carter married boyfriend Brandon Malone in Malibu. In November 2012, Carter filed for legal separation from Malone, citing irreconcilable differences. On July 6, 2018, Carter married Jim McPhail in a ceremony at the Pearl Hotel in Rosemary Beach, Fla.

Carter has been a national spokeswoman for the National Kidney Foundation; her late father was a kidney transplant recipient. Carter also was the author of a book, Songs From the Heart.

Breakthrough success: Did I Shave My Legs for This?
Carter's first big break came when one of her demo tapes caught the attention of Willie Nelson, who invited her to take part in the 1994 Farm Aid VII concert as the show's only female soloist. That same tape led to a contract with Capitol Records that year.

In early 1995, she released her debut album, Did I Shave My Legs for This?, in the UK on Patriot Records. However, the label folded shortly after the album's release. In 1996, Carter released her debut country single, "Strawberry Wine", which reached No. 1 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks. Did I Shave My Legs for This? was released in North America (keeping only three of the original tracks) to great success. The album debuted at No. 2 on the U.S. Top Country Albums chart and sold well over 5 million copies, and produced two further No. 1 hits in "We Danced Anyway" and "How Do I Get There".

Carter was featured on the soundtrack to the 1997 animated film Anastasia for her rendition of "Once Upon a December". The track was made into a music video and received rotation on CMT at the time "How Do I Get There" was charting as a radio single (since the single had no music video).

Also in 1997, she was nominated for Top New Female Vocalist at the Academy of Country Music Awards, along with Mindy McCready and LeAnn Rimes, but lost to Rimes.

Second album and departure from Capitol: Everything's Gonna Be Alright
In September 1998, Carter released her sixth single, "Absence of the Heart," as the lead-off single to her second album, Everything's Gonna Be Alright, which was released on October 20, 1998. The album peaked at No. 6 and sold just enough to receive a Gold certification, far less than the sales of her debut album. The album produced a Top 20 in its lead single and three further singles, two of which were minor Top 40 hits ("You Still Shake Me" and "Angels Working Overtime").

After her second album failed to follow up on the success of her debut, she attempted for several years to get new material out. But after dealing with a total of four label presidents and a failed attempt to push out a third album in 2001, she chose to end her relationship with Capitol Records over differences on creative direction.

Return to the studio: Father Christmas and I'm Just a Girl
After releasing her third studio album, Father Christmas, on Rounder Records in November 2001, and a divorce from husband Chris DiCroce, she relocated to Los Angeles.

In 2002, Carter signed with Arista Nashville and released her first single in three years. "There's No Limit," which became her sixth Top 20 hit with a peak of No. 14 in early 2003, served as the lead-off single to her fourth studio album, I'm Just a Girl, which was released on March 18, 2003. The title track was released as the album's second single, and was a minor Top 40 hit. No further singles were released from the album, and Carter once again parted ways with her record label.

Turning to independent labels: The Story of My Life and The Chain
In 2004, Carter signed with independent record label Vanguard Records. She released the song "(Bleep) Texas" in March 2005, but it failed to chart and was shortly replaced with "One Day at a Time," which served as the lead single to her fifth studio album, The Story of My Life. It only remained on the chart for five weeks and peaked at No. 55. The Story of My Life peaked at No. 26 on the U.S. Country Albums chart, and all further singles ("The Girl You Left Me For," "Sunny Day," and "In a Heartbeat") failed to chart. Despite having less success, Carter had more artistic freedom with this album and was able to write (or co-write) and produce all 11 tracks.

Live in Concert, Carter's first live album, was released in early 2007 through Big Band Concert Series. The album includes one previously-unreleased song, "Angels of the Heart," as well as other concert favorites. Although released in 2007, all of the live performances on the album were recorded in 1998.

Carter's sixth studio album, The Chain, was released on October 9, 2007. The Chain was a cover album, that she recorded as a tribute to her father (who performed guitar on many of the original versions of the covers found on the album). Many of the tracks also featured the original artists as duet partners, such as Dolly Parton (on "Love Is Like a Butterfly") and Willie Nelson (on "On the Road Again"). The album was unsuccessful; it debuted and peaked at No. 60, and its only single (the duet version of "On the Road Again" with Nelson) failed to chart.

Carter was ranked No. 81 on the 100 Greatest Women (of Country Music) by Country Universe in 2008.

Return to music and career today: Southern Way of Life
After releasing The Chain, Carter took some time off from recording music to spend at home with her son.

In an interview with Jay Cooper of Slither Productions, Carter reported that she had been writing music for her next album, with hopes of releasing the record sometime in 2010. It was announced in March 2010 that Deana Carter had signed a record deal with Warner Bros. Nashville/Chappel Music.

In 2010, Kenny Chesney covered "You and Tequila," a song co-written by Carter with Matraca Berg for the album I'm Just a Girl, and included it on his album Hemingway's Whiskey. Chesney's version was later released as the album's fourth single in May 2011 and features guest vocals from Grace Potter. It peaked at number 3 in September 2011, and was nominated for Song of the Year at the 2011 CMA Awards.

Deana Carter's third studio and holiday album, Father Christmas, was re-released on December 13, 2011, via Adamant Records, ten years after its initial release.

In 2013, Carter formed her own record label, Little Nugget Records. Southern Way of Life, Carter's seventh studio album, released on December 2, 2013. In 2013, Carter re-released Father Christmas with her own record label, Little Nugget Records.

Discography

 * 1996: Did I Shave My Legs for This?
 * 1998: Everything's Gonna Be Alright
 * 2001: Father Christmas
 * 2003: I'm Just a Girl
 * 2005: The Story of My Life
 * 2007: The Chain
 * 2013: Southern Way of Life

Grammy Awards

 * 1997
 * "Strawberry Wine"
 * rowspan=2| Best Female Country Vocal Performance
 * Nominated
 * 1998
 * "Did I Shave My Legs for This?"
 * Nominated
 * 2012
 * "You and Tequila"
 * rowspan=2| Best Country Song
 * Nominated
 * }
 * rowspan=2| Best Country Song
 * Nominated
 * }

TNN/Music City News Country Awards

 * 1997
 * rowspan=2| Deana Carter
 * rowspan=2| Female Star of Tomorrow
 * Nominated
 * 1998
 * Nominated
 * }
 * Nominated
 * }

Academy of Country Music Awards

 * rowspan=3| 1997
 * Deana Carter
 * Top New Female Vocalist
 * Nominated
 * rowspan=2| "Strawberry Wine"
 * Song of the Year
 * Nominated
 * Single Record of the Year
 * Nominated
 * rowspan=2| 1998
 * Deana Carter
 * Top Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Nominated
 * "Did I Shave My Legs for This"
 * Video of the Year
 * Nominated
 * 2012
 * "You and Tequila"
 * Song of the Year
 * Nominated
 * }
 * 2012
 * "You and Tequila"
 * Song of the Year
 * Nominated
 * }
 * }

Country Music Association Awards

 * rowspan=5| 1997
 * rowspan=2| Deana Carter
 * Horizon Award
 * Nominated
 * Female Vocalist of the Year
 * Nominated
 * Did I Shave My Legs for This?
 * Album of the Year
 * Nominated
 * rowspan=2| "Strawberry Wine"
 * Single of the Year
 * Won
 * rowspan=2| Video of the Year
 * Nominated
 * 1998
 * "Did I Shave My Legs for This"
 * Nominated
 * 2012
 * "You and Tequila"
 * Song of the Year
 * Nominated
 * }
 * Nominated
 * 2012
 * "You and Tequila"
 * Song of the Year
 * Nominated
 * }
 * }

Nominated alongside co-writer Matraca Berg Nominated alongside songwriters Matraca Berg and Gary Harrison Nominated alongside co-writer Matraca Berg, along with Kenny Chesney and Grace Potter

title: Deana Carter


text: User talk:168.216.52.15

title: User talk:168.216.52.15


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Vamp - Your sweet beasts!

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 23:38, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Vamp - Your sweet beasts!
Delete. Advertising of very non-notable site (Alexa rank 0). See the similar vfd discussion at Votes for deletion/Vamp® - Your sweet beasts!. Feco 18:59, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - ad --Anonymous Cow 20:30, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I can't find any online reference to it at all--which is pretty sad given the normal attention to detail the web lends to adult content.  It's either not notable or a hoax.  --TenOfAllTrades | Talk 02:44, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as unverifiable probably advertising. I'd have thought the image of the cover would stand a good chance of be a copyvio as well. Thryduulf 08:31, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete website has no Alexa score. See other VfD for further reasoning. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  16:02, Apr 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete It's just an ad for a basement-production porn site. Vengeful Cynic
 * Keep. It's a translation of an article at the Romanian Wikipedia. The magazine may not be known to most English-speaking editors, but it's apparently published in at least seven different European countries including Italy, Spain and Portugal. This seems to be verifiable to me. Although it may not be possible to do so using Google, Yahoo, etc, it should be easy to find the publisher's details, especially since we have a name and date for the founding of the magazine. It seems a bit much to complain that "the website has no Alexa score". Alexa tracks websites, not businesses. A business that has no significant web presence still exists and may be encyclopedic. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 17:16, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep provided it can be verified that this magazine exists and is as widely published a the article claims. / Uppland 17:53, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. So if it's on another language's Wikipedia we have to keep it?  I don't think so.  Advertising for a nn mag with no Alexa ranking.  RickK 21:43, Apr 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * How on earth is a magazine supposed to have an Alexa ranking? Do we get rid of all articles about magazines that don't have websites? --Tony Sidaway|Talk 12:39, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Ernst-Robert Grawitz

Ernst-Robert Grawitz (8 June 1899 – 24 April 1945) was a German physician and an SS functionary during the Nazi era. He played a major role in Nazi human experimentation on concentration camp inmates, and was one of the administrators of the T4 Euthanasia Program, which sought to systematically kill those considered physically or mentally unfit. He killed himself and his family with grenades as Soviet forces advanced on central Berlin in the Battle of Berlin.

Biography
Grawitz was born in Charlottenburg, in the western part of Berlin, Germany. As Reichsarzt SS und Polizei (Reich Physician SS and Police), Grawitz was also head of the DRK, the German Red Cross, between 1937 and 1945.

Grawitz funded Nazi programs to "eradicate the perverted world of the homosexual" and research into a so-called "cure" for homosexuality. This involved experimentation on inmates in Nazi concentration camps. He was chief medical officer of the SS and an “enthusiastic experimenter on concentration camp inmates”.

Grawitz was also a part of the group in charge of the murder of mentally ill and physically handicapped people in the Action T4 "euthanasia" programme, including children from 1939. The officials selected the doctors who were to carry out the operational part of the killing programme. In addition, researchers both in and outside the SS wanted to exploit the supply of inmates held in the SS camps and use them for experiments. In order to do so, the interested parties had to apply to Grawitz, who forwarded requests to Reichsführer-SS Heinrich Himmler who then gave final approval.

Towards the end of World War II in Europe, Grawitz was a physician in Adolf Hitler's Führerbunker. When he heard that other officials were leaving Berlin in order to escape the advancing Soviet Red Army, Grawitz petitioned Hitler to allow him to leave Berlin; his request was denied. As the Soviet Red Army advanced on Berlin, Grawitz killed himself and his family with grenades at their house in Babelsberg.

title: Ernst-Robert Grawitz


text:
Cooperative principle

In social science generally and linguistics specifically, the cooperative principle describes how people achieve effective conversational communication in common social situations—that is, how listeners and speakers act cooperatively and mutually accept one another to be understood in a particular way.

The philosopher of language Paul Grice introduced the concept in his pragmatic theory:"Make your contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged."

In other words: say what you need to say, when you need to say it, and how it should be said. These are Grice's four maxims of conversation or Gricean maxims: quantity, quality, relation, and manner. They describe the rules followed by people in conversation. Applying the Gricean maxims is a way to explain the link between utterances and what is understood from them.

Though phrased as a prescriptive command, the principle is intended as a description of how people normally behave in conversation. Lesley Jeffries and Daniel McIntyre (2010) describe Grice's maxims as "encapsulating the assumptions that we prototypically hold when we engage in conversation." The assumption that the maxims will be followed helps to interpret utterances that seem to flout them on a surface level; such flouting often signals unspoken implicatures that add to the meaning of the utterance.

Grice's maxims
The concept of the cooperative principle was introduced by the linguist Paul Grice in his pragmatic theory. Grice researched the ways in which people derive meaning from language. In his essay Logic and Conversation (1975) and book Studies in the Way of Words (1989), Grice outlined four key categories, or maxims, of conversation—quantity, quality, relation, and manner—under which there are more specific maxims and sub-maxims.

These describe specific rational principles observed by people who follow the cooperative principle in pursuit of effective communication. Applying the Gricean maxims is therefore a way to explain the link between utterances and what is understood from them.

According to Grice: Our talk exchanges do not normally consist of a succession of disconnected remarks, and would not be rational if they did. They are characteristically, to some degree at least, cooperative efforts; and each participant recognizes in them, to some extent, a common purpose or set of purposes, or at least a mutually accepted direction.

This purpose or direction may be fixed from the start (e.g., by an initial proposal of a question for discussion), or it may evolve during the exchange; it may be fairly definite, or it may be so indefinite as to leave very considerable latitude to the participants (as in a casual conversation). But at each stage, some possible conversational moves would be excluded as conversationally unsuitable.

We might then formulate a rough general principle which participants will be expected (ceteris paribus) to observe, namely: Make your conversational contribution such as is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged. One might label this the Cooperative Principle. [emphasis added]

On the assumption that some such general principle as this is acceptable, one may perhaps distinguish four categories under one or another of which will fall certain more specific maxims and submaxims, the following of which will, in general, yield results in accordance with the Cooperative Principle. Echoing Kant, I call these categories Quantity, Quality, Relation, and Manner.

Maxim of quantity (content length and depth)
The maxim of quantity is: be informative.

Submaxims:

 * 1) Make your contribution as informative as is required (for the current purposes of the exchange).
 * 2) Do not make your contribution more informative than is required.

In his book, Grice uses the following analogy for this maxim: "If you are assisting me to mend a car, I expect your contribution to be neither more nor less than is required. If, for example, at a particular stage I need four screws, I expect you to hand me four, rather than two or six."

Maxim of quality (truth)
The maxim of quality is: be truthful.

Supermaxim:

 * Try to make your contribution one that is true.

Submaxims: In his book, Grice uses the following analogy for this maxim: "I expect your contributions to be genuine and not spurious. If I need sugar as an ingredient in the cake you are assisting me to make, I do not expect you to hand me salt; if I need a spoon, I do not expect a trick spoon made of rubber."
 * 1) Do not say what you believe is false.
 * 2) Do not say that for which you lack adequate evidence.

Maxim of relation (relevance)
The maxim of relation is: be relevant: the information provided should be relevant to the current exchange and omit any irrelevant information. In his book, Grice uses the following analogy for this maxim: "I expect a partner's contribution to be appropriate to the immediate needs at each stage of the transaction. If I am mixing ingredients for a cake, I do not expect to be handed a good book, or even an oven cloth (though this might be an appropriate contribution at a later stage)."

With respect to this maxim, Grice writes,"Though the maxim itself is terse, its formulation conceals a number of problems that exercise me a good deal: questions about what different kinds and focuses of relevance there may be, how these shift in the course of a talk exchange, how to allow for the fact that subjects of conversations are legitimately changed, and so on. I find the treatment of such questions exceedingly difficult, and I hope to revert to them in later work."

Maxim of manner (clarity)
The maxim of manner is: be clear. Whereas the previous maxims are primarily concerned with what is said, the maxims of manner are concerned with how what is said is said.

Supermaxim: Submaxims:
 * Be perspicuous.
 * 1) Avoid obscurity of expression — i.e., avoid language that is difficult to understand.
 * 2) Avoid ambiguity — i.e., avoid language that can be interpreted in multiple ways.
 * 3) Be brief — i.e., avoid unnecessary verbosity.
 * 4) Be orderly — i.e., provide information in an order that makes sense, and makes it easy for the recipient to process it.

Maxims in practice
"...[W]e need first to get clear on the character of Grice's maxims. They are not sociological generalizations about speech, nor they are moral prescriptions or proscriptions on what to say or communicate. Although Grice presented them in the form of guidelines for how to communicate successfully, I think they are better construed as presumptions about utterances, presumptions that we as listeners rely on and as speakers exploit."

Often the addressee of an utterance can add to the overt, surface meaning of a sentence by assuming the speaker has obeyed the maxims. Such additional meanings, if intended by the speaker, are called conversational implicatures. For example, in the exchange
 * A (to passer by): I am out of gas.
 * B: There is a gas station round the corner.

A will assume that B obeyed the maxim of relation. However, B's answer is only relevant to A if the gas station is open; so it has the implicature "The gas station is open."

Grice did not, however, assume that all people should constantly follow these maxims. Instead, he found it interesting when these were not respected, namely either flouted (with the listener being expected to be able to understand the message) or violated (with the listener being expected to not note this). Flouting means that the circumstances lead us to think that the speaker is nonetheless obeying the cooperative principle, and the maxims are followed on some deeper level, again yielding a conversational implicature. The importance is in what was not said. For example, answering "Are you interested in a game of tennis?" with "It's raining" only disrespects the maxim of relation on the surface; the reasoning behind this utterance is normally clear to the interlocutor.

Flouting the maxims
It is possible to flout a maxim and thereby convey a different meaning than what is literally said. Often in conversation, a speaker flouts a maxim to produce a negative pragmatic effect, as with sarcasm or irony. One can flout the maxim of quality to tell a clumsy friend who has just taken a bad fall that his gracefulness is impressive and obviously mean the complete opposite. Likewise, flouting the maxim of quantity may result in ironic understatement, the maxim of relevance in blame by irrelevant praise, and the maxim of manner in ironic ambiguity. The Gricean maxims are therefore often purposefully flouted by comedians and writers, who may hide the complete truth and choose their words for the effect of the story and the sake of the reader's experience.

Speakers who deliberately flout the maxims usually intend for their listener to understand their underlying implicature. In the case of the clumsy friend, he will most likely understand that the speaker is not truly offering a compliment. Therefore, cooperation is still taking place, but no longer on the literal level. When speakers flout a maxim, they still do so with the aim of expressing some thought. Thus, the Gricean maxims serve a purpose both when they are followed and when they are flouted.

Violating the maxims
Similar to paltering, violating a maxim means that the speaker is either outright lying by violating the maxim of quality, or being intentionally misleading by violating another maxim. For example, if there was not in fact a gas station around the corner in the example statement above and B was just playing a cruel prank, then B is violating the maxim of quality. A speaker violating the maxim of relevance might imply some fact is important when it is not; warning a cook that it takes a considerable length of time to heat the oven implies that preheating the oven is helpful and should be done, but perhaps the speaker knows the recipe does not actually involve baking anything. Violating the maxim of quantity can involve intentionally including useless details in an attempt to obscure or distract, or via telling half-truths that leave off important details such as the gas station being abandoned and not in operation anymore.

Criticism
Grice's theory is often disputed by arguing that cooperative conversation, like most social behaviour, is culturally determined, and therefore the Gricean maxims and the cooperative principle do not universally apply because of cultural differences. Keenan (1976) claims, for example, that the Malagasy people follow a completely opposite cooperative principle to achieve conversational cooperation. In their culture, speakers are reluctant to share information and flout the maxim of quantity by evading direct questions and replying on incomplete answers because of the risk of losing face by committing oneself to the truth of the information, as well as the fact that having information is a form of prestige. To push back on this point, Harnish (1976) points out that Grice only claims his maxims hold in conversations where the cooperative principle is in effect. The Malagasy speakers choose not to be cooperative, valuing the prestige of information ownership more highly. (It could also be said in this case that this is a less cooperative communication system, since less information is shared.)

Some argue that the maxims are vague. This may explain the criticism that the Gricean maxims can easily be misinterpreted to be a guideline for etiquette, instructing speakers on how to be moral, polite conversationalists. However, the Gricean maxims, despite their wording, are only meant to describe the commonly accepted traits of successful cooperative communication. Geoffrey Leech introduced the politeness maxims: tact, generosity, approbation, modesty, agreement, and sympathy.

It has also been noted by relevance theorists that conversational implicatures can arise in uncooperative situations, which cannot be accounted for in Grice's framework. For example, assume that A and B are planning a holiday in France and A suggests they visit their old acquaintance Gérard; and further, that B knows where Gérard lives, and A knows that B knows. The following dialogue ensues:
 * A: Where does Gérard live?
 * B: Somewhere in the South of France.

This is understood by A as B not wanting to say where exactly Gérard lives, precisely because B is not following the cooperative principle.

title: Cooperative principle


text:
East Melanesian Islands

The East Melanesian Islands, also known as the Solomons-Vanuatu-Bismarck moist forests, is a biogeographic region in the Melanesia subregion of Oceania. Biogeographically, the East Melanesian Islands are part of the Australasian realm.

It is notable for its unique flora and fauna and species richness.

The region is designated a biodiversity hotspot by Conservation International (CI), and one of the outstanding Global 200 ecoregions by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).

Geography
As defined by CI, the hotspot lies east and north-east of New Guinea and encompasses some 1,600 islands with a land area of nearly 100,000 km2, including the Bismarck Archipelago (including the Admiralty Islands), the Santa Cruz Islands, the Solomon Islands Archipelago (including Bougainville Island), and the Vanuatu Islands.

Politically, the hotspot includes the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea (including Bougainville) and all of Solomon Islands and Vanuatu.

The East Melanesian Islands has many plants and some animals whose ancestors arrived from neighboring New Caledonia and New Guinea, but differ from those islands in that they were never joined to a continent.

Ecoregions
This hotspot includes a number of ecoregions that make up the northeastern portion of the Australasian realm.

 * Admiralty Islands lowland rain forests — (Papua New Guinea)
 * New Britain-New Ireland lowland rain forests — (Papua New Guinea)
 * New Britain-New Ireland montane rain forests — (Papua New Guinea)
 * Solomon Islands rain forests — (Solomon Islands, Papua New Guinea including Bougainville Island)
 * Vanuatu rain forests — (Vanuatu, Solomon Islands)

title: East Melanesian Islands


text:
Russia at the 2000 Summer Olympics

Russia competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. 435 competitors, 241 men and 194 women, took part in 238 events in 30 sports.

As of 2021, this is Russia's best ever result in terms of gold medals and the second best in terms of overall medals (after 2004).

Archery
The Russian men came close to winning their first medal since beginning to compete individually when they won their semifinal in the team round and tied the United States in the bronze medal match. However, in the three-arrow tie-breaker, the Americans scored a 29 to the Russians' 26 to prevent them from winning a medal.

Men Women

Athletics

 * Men
 * Women

Badminton

 * Women

Basketball

 * Men's team:

 * }
 * valign="top" |
 * Head coach
 * 🇷🇺 Stanislav Eremin

 * Legend:
 * (C) Team captain
 * nat field describes country of last club before the tournament
 * Age field is age on 17 September 2000
 * }
 * Preliminary round

 * Quarterfinal

 * Classification 7-8

 * Women's team:

 * }
 * valign="top" |
 * Head coach
 * 🇷🇺 Yevgeni Gomelsky

 * Legend:
 * (C) Team captain
 * nat field describes country of last club before the tournament
 * Age field is age on 16 September 2000
 * }

 * Preliminary round

 * Quarterfinal

 * Classification 5-6

Flatwater

 * Men
 * Women

Mountain biking

 * Men
 * Women

Road

 * Men
 * Women

Track
Sprints Pursuits Time trials Points Races

Diving
Russia competed in all of the diving events at the 2000 Sydney Olympics and won two gold medals, one silver medal and two bronze medals.
 * Men
 * Women

Equestrian
Dressage

Fencing

 * Men
 * Women

Artistic

 * Men
 * Women

Handball

 * Men's team

 * }
 * valign="top" |
 * Head coach
 * 🇷🇺 Vladimir Maksimov

-G: Goalkeeper -P: Pivot -CB: Centre Back -LW: Left Wing -RW: Right Wing -LB: Left Back -RB: Right Back
 * Legend:
 * nat field describes country of last club before the tournament
 * Age field is age on 16 September 2000
 * Position

(1)
 * References
 * }
 * Preliminary round

 * Quarterfinals

 * Semifinals

 * Final

Judo

 * Men
 * Women

Modern pentathlon

 * Men

Rowing

 * Men
 * Women

Sailing
Russia competed in seven Sailing events at the 2000 Sydney Olympics, but they never scored higher than 6-th.

 * Men
 * Women
 * Open

Shooting

 * Men
 * Women

Swimming

 * Men

 * Women

Table tennis

 * Women

Taekwondo

 * Men
 * Women

Tennis

 * Men
 * Women

Triathlon

 * Women

Beach

 * Men

Indoor

 * Men's team

 * Preliminary round

 * Quarterfinals

 * Semifinals

 * Final

 * Women's team

 * Preliminary round

 * Quarterfinals

 * Semifinals

 * Final

Water polo
Roman Balashov, Dmitri Douguine, Alexander Yerishev, Serguei Garbouzov, Dmitry Gorshkov, Yuri Yatsev, Nikolay Kozlov, Nikolai Maximov, Andrei Reketchinski, Dmitri Stratan, Revaz Tchomakhidze, Marat Zakirov, Irek Zinnourov
 * Men's team
 * Preliminary round

 * Quarterfinals

 * Semifinals

 * Final

Marina Akobiya, Ekaterina Anikeeva, Sofia Konukh, Maria Koroleva, Natalia Kutuzova, Svetlana Kuzina, Yuliya Petrova, Tatiana Petrova, Galina Rytova, Elena Smurova, Elena Tokun, Irina Tolkunova, Ekaterina Vasilieva
 * Women's team
 * Preliminary round

 * Semifinals

 * Bronze Medal Match

Weightlifting

 * Men
 * Women

Wrestling

 * Men's Freestyle
 * Men's Greco-Roman

title: Russia at the 2000 Summer Olympics


text:
Terri Clark

Terri Lynn Sauson, known professionally as Terri Clark (born August 5, 1968) is a Canadian country music singer who has had success in both Canada and the United States. Signed to Mercury Records in 1995, she released her self-titled debut that year. Both it and its two follow-ups, 1996's Just the Same and 1998's How I Feel, were certified platinum in both countries, and produced several Top Ten country hits.

Her fourth album, 2000's Fearless, though certified gold in Canada, was not as successful in the U.S., producing no Top 10 hits. Pain to Kill from 2003 restored her chart momentum in the U.S. with "I Just Wanna Be Mad" and "I Wanna Do It All", while a 2004 greatest hits album produced the Number One "Girls Lie Too". A non-album single, "The World Needs a Drink", and the 2005 album Life Goes On were her last releases for Mercury before she signed to BNA Records in 2007. There, she released the singles "Dirty Girl" and "In My Next Life". Although the latter went to Number One in Canada, she has not released an album for BNA.

Clark's albums have accounted for more than twenty singles, including six Number Ones. "If I Were You", "Poor Poor Pitiful Me", "Emotional Girl" and "In My Next Life" all topped the country charts in Canada (the former three were also U.S. Top Ten singles), "Girls Lie Too" reached number one only in the U.S., and "You're Easy on the Eyes" was number one in both countries.

In 2004, Clark gained one of country music's crowning achievements when she became a member of the Grand Ole Opry. She was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame in 2018 and became a member of the Canadian Music Hall of Fame in 2023.

Early life
Clark was born Terri Lynn Sauson on August 5, 1968, in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Her family eventually settled in Medicine Hat, Alberta, where she was raised. She is the second of four children: she has a younger brother, Peter, an older sister, Kim, and younger sister, Tina. Clark's grandparents, Ray and Betty Gauthier, were both noted Canadian country musicians, having opened for artists such as George Jones and Johnny Cash. Clark's mother, Linda, had belonged to the Canadian folk scene. Her parents divorced when she was young and her mother remarried, with Terri taking on her stepfather's last name.

By high school, Clark had grown to love country music and worked at a local Chinese restaurant to save money to move to Nashville, Tennessee. After graduating from Crescent Heights High School in 1987, she moved to Nashville where she got her start playing at Tootsie's Orchid Lounge, a honky-tonk bar across the alley from Nashville's iconic Ryman Auditorium. At that time, country music executives were largely uninterested in traditional country, but record producer and singer Keith Stegall gave Clark advice and encouragement to not give up. In 1994, Stegall became an executive at PolyGram/Mercury Records in Nashville and promptly signed Clark to a record deal.

1995–1997: Terri Clark and Just the Same
In 1995, Clark issued her first single, "Better Things to Do." The song managed to reach the top five in both the United States and Canada. Her debut album, Terri Clark, followed shortly after. Clark had a hand in writing or co-writing 11 of the album's 12 tracks. Terri Clark also featured the singles "When Boy Meets Girl," "If I Were You," and "Suddenly Single." "If I Were You" became Clark's first No. 1 in Canada in June 1996. The album was certified Gold by the RIAA in the United States on April 5, 1996, and Platinum on July 29, 1997.

In 1996, Clark's second studio album, Just the Same, was issued following the album's first single, "Poor Poor Pitiful Me," a cover of the 1976 Warren Zevon song. The song and its second single, "Emotional Girl," reached number one in Canada with both songs reaching the top ten in the United States. During late 1996, Clark was awarded Single of the Year for "Better Things to Do" and Album of the Year for Terri Clark by the Canadian Country Music Association. By 1997 she would also be awarded the Fans' Choice Award, an award she would win six more times between 2001 and 2007, and Female Artist of the Year, and award she would also claim in 2004 and 2005.

In March 1998, Clark visited Calgary, Alberta, Canada to film her first television special, Terri Clark: Coming Home, which premiered March 27 on CBC in Canada. During the special Clark was visited by Canadian country singers Paul Brandt and George Fox.

1998–2001: How I Feel and Fearless
Clark's third studio album, How I Feel, was issued in May 1998. The album's lead single, "Now That I Found You," reached the top five in both the United States and Canada. It was the album's second single, "You're Easy on the Eyes," that gave Clark's first American No. 1, the song also reached No. 1 in Canada. "You're Easy on the Eyes" became a minor Top 40 hit, peaking at No. 40 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. To promote the new album, Clark was added as the opening act for Reba McEntire and Brooks & Dunn 1998 tour.

Fearless, Clark's fourth studio album, was issued in September 2000. During the album's production, Clark started writing more personal songs with a new team of co-writers and hired a new producer to deliver a set of songs with a more acoustic feel than that of her previous work. The album's first single, "A Little Gasoline", was a late addition to the album because Mercury executives felt Clark needed to balance her new material with something that had a more familiar feel to it. The song reached the top ten in Canada, however, only reaching No. 13 in the United States.

On May 2, 2001, Clark was pulled over by police for speeding in Nashville. The officer, who pulled Clark over, had suspected that she had consumed alcohol and asked her to do sobriety test, after which Clark refused and was charged with a DUI and implied consent. Clark later apologized for the incident through a statement that was issued to press by her publicist. In August, Clark pleaded guilty to a charge of reckless driving and was fined $350 plus court costs, placed on six months' supervised probation and ordered to take an alcohol education course.

2002–2004: Pain to Kill and Greatest Hits 1994-2004
After a management change in December 2001, Clark began work on her fifth studio album, Pain to Kill. The album was issued in January 2003, followed after the release of the album's first single, "I Just Wanna Be Mad". The song, written by Kelley Lovelace and Lee Thomas Miller, was initially intended to be recorded by Sara Evans, who passed on it. When released as a single the song became Clark's highest-charting single in the United States since 1998's "You're Easy on the Eyes" and is to date Clark's highest appearance on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, peaking at No. 27. The album marked the first time Clark had worked with producer Byron Gallimore, who produced the first half of the album. The other half was produced by Clark's longtime producer Keith Stegall, who was brought in when Gallimore became unavailable.

In early 2004, Clark was approached by Playboy magazine to pose—clothed—for the cover of the magazine's upcoming May issue. Clark, who came in second place behind fellow Canadian country singer Shania Twain in a poll in the previous year, turned down the offer saying "I think of all the young girls who come to my shows, I think of those faces, I think of my mother, and I worry about the signal [sex] sends to them[…] If I’m sexy enough for Playboy to want me with my clothes on, then I hope the message can be that sexy is about what’s between your ears, in your heart and your smile."

On May 15, 2004, during a performance of the Grand Ole Opry, Clark was surprised by Steve Wariner and her mother Linda with an invitation to join the Grand Ole Opry. Clark was officially inducted on June 12, 2004, and is currently the only female Canadian member of the Grand Ole Opry. Shortly after her induction, Clark's first greatest hits album, Greatest Hits 1994–2004, was issued. The album's only single, "Girls Lie Too", became Clark's first number one in the United States since 1998's "You're Easy on the Eyes". While the song did not reach number one in Canada, it was the named number one country song of 2004 in Canada by Radio & Records. A non-album single, "The World Needs a Drink" (which was co-written by a then-unknown Eric Church), was released in late 2004, but was not included on any of Clark's studio albums.

2005–2010: Life Goes On and The Long Way Home
In 2005, Clark's sixth studio album, Life Goes On, was issued in November. The album's first single, "She Didn't Have Time", only managed to reach No. 25 in the United States and No. 15 in Canada. None of the album's other singles charted in the United States and Clark parted ways with Mercury Records in March 2006.

In June 2006, Clark signed with BNA Records, a division of Sony BMG label group, now known as Sony Music Entertainment. Clark's first single for the label, "Dirty Girl", was issued in early 2007. The song was then followed by "In My Next Life", which was to be the title track to her debut BNA release. Clark, along with Canadian country band Emerson Drive, opened for Big & Rich in Canada, hoping to promote the new album. The album was scheduled for an August 7, 2007 release. My Next Life was delayed several times and remained unreleased leaving Clark to part ways with BNA in November 2008, so she could concentrate more on her career in Canada and possibly launch her own record label.

Clark released a live album, Terri Clark Live: Road Rage, via Clark's own BareTrack Records label in July 2009 through digital retailers. Clark's seventh studio album, The Long Way Home, was released shortly after to all retailers in Canada and digital retailers in the United States on September 1, 2009, via BareTrack/Capitol Nashville/EMI Canada. The album was released to non-digital retailers in the United States on October 20, 2009. The first single issued from the album was "Gypsy Boots", a song previously recorded for Clark's unreleased My Next Life album. The single was released to country radio in Canada on June 22, 2009, and country radio in the United States on July 20. The video for "Gypsy Boots," directed by Margaret Malandruccolo, was released in Canada on August 6, 2009, and is available for online viewing at Clark's site. "If You Want Fire", "A Million Ways To Run" and "You Tell Me" have been issued as follow up singles in Canada.

2011–2013: Roots and Wings and Classic
Clark released her eighth studio album, Roots and Wings, on July 26, 2011. It includes "Smile", a song she wrote for her mom after her death due to a long battle with cancer. The album's lead off single, "Northern Girl," was released on April 18, 2011. "We're Here for a Good Time," "The One," and "Wrecking Ball," were all also released as singles from the album.

Clark's ninth studio album, Classic, was released on November 13, 2012, in Canada. The album includes classic country standards such as "Love Is a Rose", which was issued as the album's lead single, and features duets with Reba McEntire, Jann Arden, Dierks Bentley, Tanya Tucker and Dean Brody.

2014–present: Some Songs, Raising the Bar, and Take Two
Clark's tenth studio album, Some Songs, was produced by Michael Knox. It was released on September 2, 2014, and includes ten songs. The album was funded through PledgeMusic and was distributed by Clark's own BareTrack Records and Universal Music Canada. The album's first single, "Some Songs", shipped to Canadian country radio on May 26.

Clark previously co-hosted America's Morning Show on Nash FM with Blair Garner and Chuck Wicks.

As of the April 9/10 weekend in 2016, Terri became the new hostess of the Saturday night classic country program Country Gold, replacing Randy Owen.

In 2018, Clark was inducted into the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame. Clark's eleventh studio album, Raising the Bar, was released on September 14, 2018.

Clark's first holiday album, "It's Christmas...Cheers!" was released on September 25, 2020, by Mercury Nashville.

On March 14, 2023, Clark announced that she was to become the newest inductee into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame.

On March 29, 2024, it was announced that Clark had recorded a new album, set to be released on May 31. Titled Terri Clark: Take Two, the album features a collection of Clark's past hits recorded as duets with modern day country artists. The first single was a new version of "Better Things to Do" with Clark's close friend Ashley McBryde.

Personal life
Clark was previously married to fiddle player Ted Stevenson in 1991. The couple filed for divorce in 1996. Nine years later, Clark married her tour manager Greg Kaczor on September 17, 2005. The couple's wedding was documented on In the Moment, a TV series broadcast on CMT in December 2005. The couple filed for divorce on February 16, 2007.

Discography

 * Studio albums
 * Terri Clark (1995)
 * Just the Same (1996)
 * How I Feel (1998)
 * Fearless (2000)
 * Pain to Kill (2003)
 * Life Goes On (2005)
 * The Long Way Home (2009)
 * Roots and Wings (2011)
 * Classic (2012)
 * Some Songs (2014)
 * Raising the Bar (2018)
 * It's Christmas...Cheers! (2020)
 * Take Two (2024)

Other honors

 * Grand Ole Opry: inducted in 2004
 * Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame: inducted in 2018
 * Canadian Music Hall of Fame: inducted in 2023

title: Terri Clark


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title: User talk:219.77.95.106