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Australian swamp rat

The Australian swamp rat (Rattus lutreolus), also known as the eastern swamp rat, is a species of rat native to the coasts of southern and eastern Australia.

Description
The Australian swamp rat grows to have a body length of approximately 160 mm with a tail length of approximately 110 mm and a mass of about 120 g. It has a stocky build with black-brown fur and black feet. Its ventral surface is cream to brown color and it has small ears nearly concealed by hair. The tail is dark grey, scaly and sparsely haired.

Range and habitat
The swamp rat is found near the coast of south and eastern Australia. It occurs in lowland country from Fraser Island down the coast of New South Wales and Victoria to the Mount Lofty Ranges in South Australia. A subspecies velutinus can be found in Tasmania, and another subspecies lacus lives in isolated patches of high altitude rainforest near Atherton, Queensland.

The preferred habitat of the swamp rat is thick vegetation along watercourses and in swamps. The dense vegetation of islands above the high water mark is also suitable. They can also live in areas of coastal heath, dune scrub, grasslands and sedgelands. The rats will form tunnels through the vegetation through which they can move. The species tends to choose the habitat based on density of vegetation in the area. Areas prone to fire tend not to be recolonised. The swamp rat can be seen at places like the Healesville Sanctuary, where they live in the grounds.

Diet
The diet is vegetarian; consisting of reeds, seeds, and swamp grass stems. During the summer months, the species will increase its intake of insects as well as fungi; however, during spring months the rats switch to eating an increased amount of seeds due to their abundance and possible nutritional value in breeding season.

Feeding
Behaviour is partly nocturnal and diurnal so it is active during the day and at night. It is thought that the species does not collect the sufficient amount of food throughout the night and must also collect vegetation during the day.

Reproduction and Predation
The rats reach sexual maturity around August and start to breed come October. The species has a litter size ranging from one to eleven on average with a gestation period lasting around 23 to 25 days. Olfactory senses are used to smell certain species' odours, allowing them to detect predators.

title: Australian swamp rat


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Fuad baloch

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 02:56, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

page deleted

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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James Bourque

James W. Bourque, (December 17, 1935 – October 19, 1996) was a First Nations activist, who in 1992 became one of the few Canadians ever appointed to the Queen's Privy Council for Canada who had not previously served in an elected political office.

Born in Wandering River, Alberta, Bourque was of Cree and Métis background. At the age of 18 he was elected president of the hunters and trappers association in Fort Chipewyan before working as a park warden in Wood Buffalo National Park from 1955 to 1963.

He served as president of the Métis Association of the Northwest Territories from 1980 to 1982, was deputy minister of renewable resources for the government of the Northwest Territories from 1982 to 1991 and chairman of the Northwest Territories' Commission for Constitutional Development.

Bourque was also the founder of the Centre for Traditional Knowledge.

In 1984 he founded the Fur Institute of Canada, serving as its chairman for four years. He was named co-director of policy for the Royal Commission on Aboriginal People in 1994. On July 1, 1992 he was sworn into the Queen's Privy Council.

title: James Bourque


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Talk:Michigan Technological University

Huskies Fans
Hi all, I recently created a userbox for your user pages. Just copy and past User:UBX/MTU into your user page, it should work. Bhockey10 (talk) 01:10, 4 November 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Michigan Technological University


text: Template:AK-FedRep

title: Template:AK-FedRep


text:
Talk:Fantasy Warlord

Untitled
The third paragraph does not have a neutral point of view. I suggest:

Fantasy Warlord featured some unusual game mechanics that were superior to warhammer such as excellent simultaneous movement and fog of war rules. It was also featured better balanced magic and troop choice systems than the 3rd edition warhammer rules that were around at the time. However other aspects of the game did not work so well, notably the combat system which was prone to throwing up statistical irregularities.

which leaves us with:

Fantasy Warlord featured some unusual game mechanics such as simultaneous movement and fog of war rules. It also featured balanced magic and troop choice systems. However the combat system was prone to throwing up statistical irregularities.

Wgsimon 05:39, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Critical Reaction
This needs cleaning up: I can't make out what the complaint about racial-types is supposed to be. Orcoteuthis 08:21, 3 August 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Fantasywarlord thumb.jpg
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If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

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title: Talk:Fantasy Warlord


text:
Talk:Fruit and vegetable beer

Cleanup
Another example is brewed by Magic Hat Brewing Company of Vermont. Magic Hat '#9' is quite popular in the northeast (of where? Zabdiel 12:31, 11 July 2006 (UTC)) and is a 'not-quite-pale ale' flavored with apricots.

title: Talk:Fruit and vegetable beer


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Phenotypic freedom

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was no consensus. Tony Sidaway|Talk 13:36, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Phenotypic freedom
This links to nothing. It's either something from some game or movie, or it's wishful thinking, or prediction of the future. RickK 05:42, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Body modification. Google is not showing up anything on this. The content of the article discusses body modification so I guess a redirect there wouldnt hurt. Megan1967 06:38, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete — transhumanist fantasy; not particularly associated with any game or concept that I can see, and no back-links. — RJH 18:33, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Transhumanism -- this is what I was working from when I wrote this stub. Sorry I left it unfinished, it was somewhere between very late and very early when I quit working on this. Chrontius  18:48, April 10, 2005
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Fruit beer

Fruit beer is beer made with fruit added as an adjunct or flavouring.

Fruit beer is a beer made with strawberries, plums, raspberries, or cherries. It's an additive- or flavoring-containing form. Initially manufactured in Belgium, fruit beer is now available worldwide.

Lambic beers, originating in the Zenne valley in Belgium, may be refermented with cherries to make kriek, or fermented with raspberries to make framboise.

Flemish old brown beers go through a multiple stage fermentation process. After the first fermentation of the wort, sugar is added and the beer is refermented in wooden casks. Fruit beer can be made from them by using fruit instead of sugar.

Fruit beer generally has an alcohol percentage of around 4-8%, best served cold.

title: Fruit beer


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Vorador

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was merge. Tony Sidaway|Talk 13:57, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Vorador
Vorador has the distinct honor of being the first human in Nosgoth to whom the dark gift of VFD was passed. Delete: subtrivial fancruft. Wile E. Heresiarch 05:44, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per WP:FICT. Meelar (talk) 06:07, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Legacy of Kain. Megan1967 06:40, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Tolkien has a lot to answer for. Delete this trivial blather. -- Hoary 06:48, 2005 Apr 10 (UTC)
 * Merge into List of Legacy of Kain characters per WP:FICT. —Korath (Talk) 07:02, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Vorador


text:
Talk:Maude Barlow

Just so everyone knows...
I've heard her speak, and she's brilliant. ####

Misrepresentation
RE: "Despite a majority of Canadians (and the Liberal party) opposing the deal, the Conservative minority passed the FTA in 1988."

There is something misleading with that statement. Is the writer saying that all Liberal Party MPs opposed the deal or just the majority of the Liberal Party? And why single out the Liberal Party - ALL of the NDP MPs opposed the FTA because of its exclusion of Worker and Environmental standards. Ask Bill Blaikie if you don't believe me. I know that Maude Barlow ran for the nomination for the Liberal Party once (which justifies mentioning Liberals - but to be historically accurate, the NDP opposed the FTA (not just some of the Liberals). 08:04, 27 October 2008 (UTC)24.77.37.31 (talk) 08:04, 27 October 2008 (UTC)

Credentials
The article tells us twice that Barlow has eight honorary degrees (doctorates) but says nothing about what EARNED degrees she has. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 201.223.224.131 (talk) 15:22, 29 September 2009 (UTC)
 * I don't think she has any real ones. If she does, then she never writes about them. Gigs (talk) 18:21, 20 March 2010 (UTC)
 * She has a B.A. from Carleton University, I believe in English.

What is her philosophy about water?
I looked at Wikipedia in hopes of getting a short summary of her beliefs about water and perhaps how her beliefs evolved from her life's experiences. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.104.139.203 (talk) 21:05, 4 December 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Maude Barlow


text:
Talk:Duane syndrome

Please
Please read regarding the copyright status of this page

"Information on the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) Web site genome.gov is in the public domain. Public domain information may be freely distributed and copied, but, as a courtesy, it is requested that the National Human Genome Research Institute be given an appropriate acknowledgement: 'Courtesy: National Human Genome Research Institute.'..."

"Copyrighted material carries a credit line indicating that it did not originate at NHGRI."

Given that the page from which this was copied does not have a credit line, this text is in the public domain.

--Pipian 05:47, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Sounds good, missed that on my check. DDerby 06:32, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Copy permission
Per this permission page, Duane syndrome's initial content from is public domain and may be used freely on wikipedia. DDerby 06:49, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Synonyms
For reference, synonyms and number of Google hits: AED 04:32, 28 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Duane syndrome (18,600)
 * Duane's syndrome (771)
 * Duane's retraction syndrome (753)
 * Duane's co-contraction syndrome (2)
 * Co-contraction syndrome (7)
 * Retraction syndrome (20,100)
 * Stilling-Turk-Duane retraction syndrome (28)

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Familial

Familial may refer to:
 * Familial (album), a 2010 studio album by Phil Selway
 * Family,  a group of people affiliated by consanguinity, affinity, or co-residence
 * Family (biology), one of the eight major taxonomic ranks, classified between order and genus
 * Heredity, passing of genetic traits to offspring
 * Genetic disorder, more specifically
 * List of genetic disorders

title: Familial


text:
Ogilvy (agency)

Ogilvy is a New York City-based British advertising, marketing, and public relations agency. It was founded in 1850 by Edmund Mather as a London-based agency. In 1964, the firm became known as Ogilvy & Mather after merging with a New York City agency that was founded in 1948 by David Ogilvy.

The agency is part of the WPP Group global agency network. It provides services in five areas: growth and innovation; advertising, brand and content; public relations and influence; experience; and health. It also operates a strategy division Ogilvy Consulting.

Foundation

The agency was founded in London in 1850, when Edmund Charles Mather began an advertising agency on Fleet Street. By the 1860s, Mather had a U.S. branch called Mather & Abbott at 335 Broadway, New York City. After Mather's death in 1886, his son, Harley Lawrence Mather, partnered with Herbert Oakes Crowther, and the London agency became known as Mather & Crowther. The agency pioneered newspaper advertising, which was in its infancy, due to a loosening of tax restrictions; and educated manufacturers about the efficacy of advertising while producing "how-to" manuals for the nascent advertising industry. The company grew in prominence in the 1920s after creating leading non-branded advertising campaigns such as "an apple a day keeps the doctor away" and "Drinka Pinta Milka Day".

In 1921, Mather and Crowther hired Francis Ogilvy as a copywriter. Ogilvy eventually became the first non-family member to chair the agency. When the agency launched the AGA cooker, a Swedish cook stove, Francis composed letters in Greek to appeal to British public schools, the appliance's best sales leads. Francis also helped his younger brother, David Ogilvy, secure a position as an AGA salesman. The younger Ogilvy was so successful at selling the cooker, he wrote a sales manual for the company in 1935 called "The Theory and Practice of Selling the Aga Cooker". It was later called "probably the best sales manual ever written", by Fortune magazine.

David Ogilvy sent the manual to Francis who was persuaded to hire him as a trainee. Ogilvy began studying advertising, particularly campaigns from America, which he viewed as the gold standard. In 1938, David Ogilvy convinced Francis to send him to the United States on sabbatical to study American advertising. After a year, Ogilvy presented 32 "basic rules of good advertising" to Mather & Crowther. Over the next ten years, Ogilvy worked in research at the Gallup polling company, worked for British Intelligence during World War II, and then spent a few years farming among the Amish community in Pennsylvania.

In 1948, David Ogilvy proposed that Mather & Crowther and another U.K. agency, S.H. Benson, partner to create an American advertising agency in New York City to support British advertising clients. The agencies each invested US$40,000 in the venture but insisted Ogilvy find a more experienced American to run it. David Ogilvy recruited Anderson Hewitt from J. Walter Thompson to serve as president and to supervise sales. Ogilvy would serve as secretary, treasurer, and research director. Along with their British sponsors, which held a controlling interest, Hewitt mortgaged his house and invested $14,000 in the agency and Ogilvy invested $6,000.

Hewitt, Ogilvy, Benson & Mather
On September 23, 1948, David Ogilvy opened his New York agency as Hewitt, Ogilvy, Benson, & Mather on Madison Avenue in Manhattan. Initially, Mather and Crowther and S.H. Benson gave the agency four clients that had small advertising budgets and were relatively unknown in the United States: Wedgwood China, British South African Airways, Guinness, and Bovril.

Hewitt, Ogilvy, Benson, & Mather's first account was securing magazine advertising space for Wedgwood. The agency had its first successful ad with Ogilvy's concept "The Guinness Guide to Oysters", which was followed by several other similar food and Guinness pairing guides. The first large client was Sunoco (then called Sun Oil), procured by Hewitt in February 1949. Helena Rubinstein cosmetics was the first client won by Ogilvy.

A breakthrough came after the agency was approached by Maine-based shirt manufacturer C. F. Hathaway Company. The company only had a small budget, but its president promised to "never change a word of copy". In 1951, they introduced "The man in the Hathaway shirt" campaign. The advertisement featured an aristocratic man wearing an eyepatch that Ogilvy purchased on the way to the ad's photo shoot. Hathaway was sold out of shirts within a week of the first ad's printing. The campaign increased the shirt maker's sales by 160 percent, resulted in new business for the agency, and turned the recognizable "Hathaway Man" and his eyepatch into a popular cultural trope.

Ogilvy, Benson & Mather
Disagreements between Hewitt and Ogilvy, particularly about creative direction and who should run the agency, resulted in Ogilvy's resignation in 1953. The agency's backers supported Ogilvy, leading to Hewitt's resignation and the agency reopening as Ogilvy, Benson & Mather in 1954. Ogilvy hired retired Benton & Bowles executive Esty Stowell in 1956 to handle operations and non-creative functions.

During the 1950s, Ogilvy, Benson & Mather became known for its successful campaigns, which David Ogilvy called "big ideas". The agency, mainly under Ogilvy's creative direction, built a reputation for "quality" advertising, which was defined by its use of well-researched "long copy", large photographs, and clean layouts and typography. Ogilvy believed advertising's purpose was to sell through information and persuasion, as opposed to entertaining.

That same year, the agency nearly doubled in size after winning the Shell Oil account. The agency agreed to work for Shell on a fee basis rather than the traditional commission model and became one of the first major advertising agencies to do so.

Ogilvy & Mather
In reaction to the growth of international advertising, Ogilvy, Benson & Mather formed an equal partnership with Mather & Crowther in November 1964. Under the terms of the partnership, the two agencies became subsidiaries of a new parent company called Ogilvy & Mather, which was headquartered in New York. In January 1965, both changed their names to Ogilvy & Mather and the parent company became known as Ogilvy & Mather International Inc.

During the 1970s, Ogilvy & Mather acquired numerous other agencies: including S.H. Benson, one of its original sponsors, in 1971; Carson/Roberts in 1971; Scali, McCabe, Sloves in 1976; and Cone & Weber in 1977. Another acquisition, Hodes-Daniel, resulted in the establishment of the agency's direct-response service, called Ogilvy & Mather Direct, in 1976. It was renamed OgilvyOne Worldwide in 1997. The agency's growth through acquisitions was not led by Ogilvy, who feared the differing philosophies of the acquired agencies would undermine Ogilvy & Mather's culture and advertising beliefs, which he called the "True Church". After moving permanently to his French castle Château de Touffou in 1973, David Ogilvy stepped down as chairman and became Head of Worldwide Creative in 1975.

1980s
The agency opened its public relations division, Ogilvy & Mather Public Relations, in 1980.

The next year, Ogilvy & Mather established the Interactive Marketing Group and became the first major agency to establish an interactive capability. In December 1983, David Ogilvy retired as Creative Head.

In 1985, Ogilvy & Mather International was renamed as the Ogilvy Group Inc. The group included three divisions: Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide, a new name for all Ogilvy & Mather offices including Ogilvy & Mather Direct and Ogilvy & Mather Public Relations; Scali McCabe Sloves Group; and several independent associate agencies, such as Cole & Weber. Kenneth Roman, president of Ogilvy & Mather United States, was named president of Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide. and was promoted to chairman in 1987. He became chairman of the Ogilvy Group in 1988, succeeding Graham Phillips.

In 1989, WPP plc, a British advertising holding company, acquired the Ogilvy Group for $864 million, which, at the time, was the most ever paid for an advertising agency. David Ogilvy initially resisted the sale, but eventually accepted the title of WPP honorary chairman, a position he relinquished in 1992.

Following the departure of Roman for American Express in 1989, Graham Phillips became the chairman and CEO of Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide.

1990s
In 1992, Charlotte Beers replaced Graham Phillips as chairman and CEO of Ogilvy & Mather Worldwide. Philips remained as vice chairman. Beers was recruited from the Tatham, Laird & Kudner advertising agency and was the first "outsider" to lead Ogilvy & Mather. She was also the first woman to lead a major international agency. Beers introduced the concept of "brand stewardship" to the agency, a philosophy of brand-building over time. She is also credited with helping Ogilvy & Mather bring in new business after a downturn.

In 1994, then–North America president Shelly Lazarus and Beers helped win the entire global account of information technology corporation IBM for the agency. Worth an estimated $500 million in billings, it was the largest account shift in the history of advertising.

After four years, Beers stepped down as CEO. Lazarus, a 23-year veteran of the agency, was appointed CEO in 1996 and became chairman the next year. It was the first time a woman succeeded another woman at a major agency. Lazarus further developed Beer's brand stewardship approach by introducing "360-degree branding", the idea of communicating a brand message at every touchpoint the brand has with people.

David Ogilvy died at age 88 in the Château de Touffou, his home, in July 1999.

2000s
Ogilvy purchased the Federalist Group, a Republican lobbying firm, in 2005. The Federalist Group subsequently changed its name to Ogilvy Government Relations. The firm is known for lobbying against climate change mitigation efforts on behalf of some of the biggest oil and chemical groups in the world.

In 2005, Shona Seifert and Thomas Early, two former directors of Ogilvy & Mather, were convicted of one count of conspiring to defraud the government and nine counts of filing false claims for Ogilvy, over-billing for advertising work done for the United States Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) account. The agency was hired by the ONDCP in 1998 to create anti-drug ads aimed at adolescents. At the time, it was the largest social marketing contract in history. Ogilvy & Mather repaid $1.8 million to the government to settle a civil suit based on the same billing issues.

Miles Young became Worldwide CEO in January 2009 after leading the company's Asia-Pacific division for 13 years. Lazarus remained chairman until 2012, when Young succeeded her. Under Young's leadership, the agency focused on a "Twin Peaks" strategy of producing advertisements that are equally creative and effective. New business was also Young's priority. Young promoted Tham Khai Meng, his creative partner in the Asia-Pacific division, as Worldwide Chief Creative Officer in 2009. Tham laid out a five-year plan to improve the agency's performance at Cannes. According to Adweek, Tham's efforts resulted in the agency being named Cannes Lions "Network of the Year" from 2011 to 2015.

2010s
In 2010, the agency established OgilvyRED, a specialty strategic consultancy. In June 2013, OgilvyAction, the agency's activation unit, merged with other WPP-owned properties—G2 Worldwide and JWTAction—to form Geometry Global, an activation network that operates in 56 markets. Ogilvy's production division, RedWorks Worldwide, merged with production company Hogarth Worldwide, forming Hogarth & Ogilvy in March 2015 to serve the production needs of all of WPP's agencies.

The agency was named both the Cannes Lions "Network of the Year" and CLIO "Network of the Year" for four consecutive years, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. It was also named Effies "World's most Effective Agency Network" in 2012, 2013 and 2016.

Ogilvy Public Relations in China faced accusations in the media of overworking a 24-year-old employee who died of a heart attack while in the office in May 2013. The claims were not confirmed. Four years later, a similar event occurred with a young staffer in the Philippines.

In June 2015, Young announced he would retire as both Worldwide chairman and CEO to take the position of warden at his alma mater, New College at Oxford University. In January 2016, John Seifert was named CEO of the agency. In November 2017, according to reports, Ogilvy & Mather won the Turespaña account, worth two million euros.

Similar to other advertising, marketing, and public relations agencies in the years leading up to 2017–2018, Ogilvy has seen an influx of advertisers and publishers establishing in-house creative teams, and an industry-wide increase in emphasis on digital media ad buying. Over the years, Ogilvy responded to changing demands by creating numerous businesses; and the magazine Fast Company wrote that it "looked more like a holding company of its own".

By 2018, Ogilvy was organized as a number of individual units that handled different areas of focus. Ogilvy Public Relations was responsible for the agency's public relations offering. OgilvyOne was the agency's direct marketing unit and it also advised clients on customer engagement. The firm's Ogilvy CommonHealth Worldwide unit focused on healthcare communications and marketing. The agency handled production work through Hogarth & Ogilvy, a joint venture between Ogilvy & Mather and Hogarth Worldwide formed in 2015. Neo@Ogilvy was a unit of the agency that offered digital media services to all of Ogilvy & Mather's disciplines. As of 2013, sales activation and shopper marketing were administered through Geometry Global, a unit formed through the merger of several WPP agencies, including what was previously known as OgilvyAction. In 2018, Ogilvy PR Australia was rebranded as OPR.

In addition to the agency's main services, Ogilvy & Mather operated several other specialty practices. In 2010, the agency created Ogilvy Noor, a practice focused on creating marketing that appeals to Muslims. OgilvyRED was established in 2011 as a consultancy within the agency that worked with Ogilvy's other units to prepare plans for clients' marketing strategies. The agency formed Social@Ogilvy in 2012 to work on social media projects for clients. The practice operated within each of Ogilvy & Mather's major units, including advertising, direct marketing, public relations, and digital marketing. The behavioural sciences practice #OgilvyChange was also founded in 2012 by Rory Sutherland in Ogilvy & Mather's London office. #OgilvyChange employed psychologists and other behavioural scientists to consult on using research in these fields to understand and influence consumers. OgilvyAmp (short for "amplify") handled tasks related to the data planning and analytics needs of clients. The unit was established in 2014 and was present at over 50 of the agency's offices. Ogilvy Pride was formed in the agency's London office in 2015 as an LGBT practice.

Company leadership said Ogilvy became too complicated with these individual units. CEO John Seifert launched the company's "re-founding" in June 2018, during which the company changed its name from Ogilvy & Mather to Ogilvy, restructured, and rolled out a new, unified brand and logo to simplify its services. All but one of Ogilvy's sub-brands were wrapped into one: Ogilvy. The company retained its separate strategy division, but renamed it to Ogilvy Consulting.

2020s
In June 2020, the company announced that Andy Main would be succeeding John Seifert as CEO. He restructured Ogilvy's services under five core business units: Advertising, Experience, Public Relations, Health, and Consulting.

Notable clients the agency acquired in 2021 included vodka brand Absolut (March), car rental holding company Enterprise Holdings (April), The New York Philharmonic (July), TD Bank Group (September), World of Hyatt (May), US agency Federal Emergency Management Agency (October), and Coca-Cola (November).

In September 2022, Devika Bulchandani replaced Main as CEO.

Notable clients the agency acquired in 2022 included automobile manufacturer Audi of America (May).

Early ads
One of the agency's first accounts was Guinness, which tasked it with introducing the beer to an American audience. In 1950, "The Guinness Guide to Oysters" appeared as a magazine advertisement that listed nine kinds of oysters and their characteristics. The advertisement was successful; and several other pairing guides, including those on birds and cheeses, followed it. In 1951, "The Man in the Hathaway Shirt", an advertisement created for C. F. Hathaway Company, was first published in The New Yorker. It immediately increased sales for the company, and more ads followed. Each ad featured George Wrangel, a middle-aged man with a moustache and an eye patch. The eye patch was a prop found by David Ogilvy to give the ad what he called "story appeal". Ambassador Lewis Douglas, who wore an eye patch, inspired the concept.

To familiarize Americans with Schweppes, the agency created a spokesman named Commander Whitehead. Edward Whitehead, who was the company's president, was introduced as the Commander in a 1952 advertisement, which showed him arriving in New York with a briefcase labeled as the secrets of Schweppes. The campaign resulted in Schweppes becoming the standard tonic used in the country. The campaign continued into the 1960s.

In the 1950s, Ogilvy was hired to increase business in Puerto Rico. The agency created a coupon for businesses that laid out tax advantages of establishing a presence on the island. Approximately 14,000 businesses mailed in the coupon and the territory's foreign industry increased. Following this, David Ogilvy helped Puerto Rico's governor establish and advertise the Casals Festival of Music. The agency created ads using visually captivating images to position the island as a paradise.

In 1952, Ogilvy & Mather launched a campaign to increase tourism for the British Tourist Authority. The "Come to Britain" campaign replaced drawings with photographs of the picturesque countryside. The advertisements resulted in the tripling of tourism to the UK.

After the agency was assigned the Rolls-Royce account in 1959, David Ogilvy spent three weeks meeting with engineers and researching the car. The resulting advertisement featured the headline "At 60 miles an hour the loudest noise in this new Rolls-Royce comes from the electric clock", which Ogilvy took, giving credit, from a journalist's review. The rest of the copy outlined 11 of the car's distinguishing features and benefits. The advertisement became one of Ogilvy's most famous. Ogilvy joked that the ad "sold so many cars we dare not run it again".

American Express
American Express had been an Ogilvy & Mather client since the 1960s. The agency launched the company's "Do You Know Me" campaign in 1974, which focused on the prestige of carrying an American Express card. Each advertisement described the accomplishments of semi-recognizable celebrities who used the card, with their identities being revealed at the end. The campaign emphasized that even if a person was not immediately recognizable, their American Express credit card would be. The campaign ran until 1987.

A campaign called "Portraits", which followed "Do You Know Me", showed card-carrying personalities such as Tip O'Neil and Ella Fitzgerald engaged in leisure activities. The campaign was photographed by Annie Leibovitz and named "Print Campaign of the Decade" by Advertising Age in 1990.

Ogilvy & Mather launched the slogan "My Life. My Card." in 2004 with ads featuring celebrities such as Ellen DeGeneres and Tiger Woods.

In June 2017, American Express shifted almost all the business it had with Ogilvy to McGarryBowen.

Merrill Lynch
Ogilvy & Mather won Merrill Lynch's print and television advertising business in the late 1960s. In 1971, the agency suggested using a bull as a symbol of the company. The visual became the company's logo.

IBM
In 1994, Ogilvy & Mather replaced multiple agencies to become IBM's sole agency for all of the company's marketing and branding efforts. The worldwide campaign "Solutions for a Small Planet" was launched to help rebrand the company.

Incredible India
Ogilvy & Mather created the slogan "Incredible India" for the country's Ministry of Tourism in 2002. The campaign targeted an international audience and aimed to boost tourism.

Dove
Dove became an Ogilvy & Mather client in the 1950s, and the agency developed the brand's "1/4 cleansing cream" messaging. In 2004, the agency launched the Dove Campaign for Real Beauty, a marketing campaign that focused on redefining society's pre-set definitions of "beauty". A short film called Sketches earned over 114 million views online and Business Insider named it the most viral ad of all time in 2013.

BP
Ogilvy developed the controversial idea of carbon footprint in a BP ad in 2005, which marketed the idea that common individuals are responsible for climate change.

Inspiration for Mad Men
Ogilvy has been cited as a major inspiration for the fictional ad agency featured in the television series Mad Men. Longtime Ogilvy employee and executive Jane Maas was cited as the inspiration for the Mad Men main character Peggy Olson.

Awards
In September 2020, Ogilvy was named Network of the Year by industry organization Design and Art Direction. D&AD also awarded a coveted Black Pencil to Burger King's "Moldy Whopper" campaign, which was a collaboration between Ogilvy and two other agencies.

In June 2022, Ogilvy was named Network of the Year by the Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity.

Controversies
An online video created by Ogilvy & Mather U.K. as viral marketing for the Ford SportKa hatchback was disseminated via email in 2004, despite being rejected by Ford of Europe. The 40-second video, which showed a lifelike computer-generated cat being decapitated by the car's sunroof, led to criticisms from bloggers and animal rights groups. Both companies apologized for its release and launched investigations into how the video was leaked.

In 2014, Ogilvy India created "Bounce Back", a campaign for Indian mattress company Kurl-On that illustrated the stories of well-known figures who "bounced back" from adversity. The low point of each narrative arc showed the person rebounding off of a Kurl-On mattress. One of the ads featured Malala Yousafzai and depicted her being shot. The ad was criticized in the media, and Ogilvy & Mather issued a public apology to Yousafzai and her family.

Also in 2014, Ogilvy & Mather apologized following complaints about the racial implications of an advertisement it created for the South African charity Feed a Child. The advertisement portrayed a black boy being fed like a dog by a white woman.

In 2019, the anti-corruption site The Sludge Report included Ogilvy's name on a list of contractors working for the U.S. Customs and Border Protection agency at the point where the agency was implementing the Trump administration family separation policy. Subsequently, Buzzfeed published a transcript of an internal meeting in which employees challenged Ogilvy CEO John Seifert, with one employee saying: "We're willing to work with companies that have oil spills. We're willing to work with companies that sell big tobacco. We're willing to work with companies that contribute to obesity rates and I guess, what I'm mostly hearing is that we're willing to work with companies that are allowing children to die and that are running concentration camps."

title: Ogilvy (agency)


text:
Talk:Bosnian Crisis

comment
It aheadss that from the start, as I stumbled upon by googling the title, this page was lifted from a paper by a (Mount Holyoke) professor of PolySci. Despite the many minor changes by subsequent editors, it's essentially still that guy's work. So what happens? Do we just dl the whole thing? Sfahey 05:49, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The article in question and various similar articles hosted there look like entries from a government publication from 1918. (Notice the oddly dated bit about how "complete information is not yet available" on the Serbia's capitulation.)  That would make it public domain.  It is somewhat bizarre - an article on the Bosnian Crisis that doesn't mention the secret negotiations between Russia and Austria-Hungary misses the point. Chris Johnson 03:13, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Ok, the article seemed to be a bit biased, so I did a bit of cleanup. But mainly, I added the secret negotiations between Austria-Hungary and Russia, which were one of the main aspects of the crisis.Marcos2006 22:44, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

Replace Article
Since this article was initially plagerized and since it is unfootnoted and based on out-of-date materials, I propose replacing it with the draft below. I ask for your comments.Werchovsky (talk) 05:14, 15 January 2008 (UTC)

The Bosnian Crisis of 1908-1909, also known as the annexation crisis, erupted into public view when on October 5, 1908, Bulgaria declared its independence and on October 6, 1908, Austria-Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Russia, the Ottoman Empire, Britain, Italy, Serbia, Montenegro, Germany and France took an interest in these events. In April 1909 the Treaty of Berlin was amended to accept the new status quo bringing the crisis to an end. The crisis permanently damaged relations between Austria-Hungary on the one hand and Russia and Serbia on the other. The annexation and reactions to the annexation are contributing causes of World War I.

An exchange of letters
On July 2, 1908, Russian Foreign Minister Alexander Izvolsky wrote to Austro-Hungarian Foreign Minister Alois Aehrenthal and proposed a discussion of reciprocal changes to the 1878 Treaty of Berlin in favor of the Russian interest in the Straits of Constantinople and Austro-Hungarian interests in the annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina and the Sanjak of Novibazar, both of which were occupied by Austria-Hungary but under the official sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire. On July 14 Aehrenthal responded with guarded acceptance of the proposed discussion. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 195-6] After long and complex discussions within Austria-Hungary, Aehrenthal  on September 10 outlined a slightly different bargain to Izvolsky. In exchange for a friendly Russian attitude in the event Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina, Austria-Hungary would then withdraw its troops from the Sanjak. The letter then went on to, as a separate matter, offer to discuss the Straits question on a friendly basis. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 201-2]

The meeting at Buchlau
On September 16, Izvolsky and Aehrenthal met face-to-face at Buchlau. No minutes were taken during these private meetings which lasted a total of six hours. Izvolsky accepted the responsibility to write up the conclusions of the meeting and forward them to Aehrenthal. On September 21 Aehrenthal wrote to Izvolsky asking for this document to which Izvolsky replied two days later that the document had been sent to the Czar for approval. This document, if it ever existed, has never been produced. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 201-2]

Aehrenthal’s version of the agreement
By Aehrenthal’s account given by Albertini, Izvolsky agreed that Russia would maintain “a friendly and benevolent attitude” if Austria-Hungary were to annex Bosnia-Herzegovina. Reciprocally, Austria-Hungary, should Russia move to open “the Straits to single ships of war” would maintain a benevolent attitude. The two agreed that a likely consequence of the annexation was Bulgaria would declare its independence from the Ottoman Empire. Austria-Hungary would offer no territorial concessions to Serbia or Montenegro, but if they supported the annexation then Austria-Hungary would not oppose Serbian expansion in the Balkans, and support the Russian demand to revise Article 29 of the Treaty of Berlin which restricted Montenegrin sovereignty. The parties agreed “these changes could receive sanction after negotiation with the Porte and the Powers.”, but “there would be not more talk of Bosnia-Herzegovina.” Annexation would probably take place at the beginning of October. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 206-7] The original of Aehrenthal’s account has not been found and so historian have had to make due with an undated office copy of the document. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 208]

Izvolsky’s version
On September 30, Austria-Hungary informed Izvolsky, who was in Paris at the time, that the annexation would take place on October 7. On October 4, Izvolsky prepared a report at the request of the British Ambassador to France, Bertie. Izvolsky stated that his position was that annexation was a matter to be settled between the signatories to the Treaty of Berlin. With the compensation of Austro-Hungarian withdrawal from the Sanjak of Novibazar, Russia would not consider the annexation as reason to go to war, but Russia and other governments would insist on changes to the Treaty favorable to themselves, including opening the Straights, Bulgarian independence, territorial concessions to Serbia, and abolition of restrictions on Montenegrin sovereignty under article 29. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 207-8] Bertie told British Foreign Minister Grey that he felt Izvolsky was not being completely honest.

The annexation
On October 5, Bulgaria declared its independence from the Ottoman Empire. On October 6, Emperor Franz Joseph announced to the people of Bosnia-Herzegovina his intention to give them an autonomous and constitutional regime and the provinces were annexed.[Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 218-9] On October 7, Austria-Hungary announced its withdrawal from the Sanjak of Novibazar. Bulgarian independence and the Bosnian annexation were not countenanced by the Treaty of Berlin and set off a flurry of diplomatic protests and discussions.

Serbia
Serbia mobilized its army and on October 7 the Serbian Crown Council demanded that the annexation be reversed or, failing that, Serbia should receive compensation, which it defined on October 25 as a strip of land across the northern most portion of the Sanjak of Novibazar.[Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 222-3] In the end these demands were rejected, although Serbia later conquered the Sanjak.

Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire protested Bulgaria’s declaration of independence with more vigor than the annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina which it had no practical prospects of governing. A boycott of Austro-Hungarian goods however did occur, inflicting commercial losses on Austria-Hungary. On February 20, Austria-Hungary settled the matter and received Ottoman acquiescence to the annexation in return for ₤2.2 million. [Albertini, Vol. 1, p 277] Bulgarian independence could not be reversed.

France, Britain, Russia and Italy
The annexation and Bulgarian declaration were viewed as violations of the Treaty of Berlin. France, Britain, Russia and Italy therefore were in favor of a conference to consider the matter. German opposition and complex diplomatic maneuvering as to the location, nature and preconditions of the conference delayed and ultimately scuttled it. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 225-285]  Instead, the Powers reached agreement on amendments to the Treaty through consultations between capitals.

Russia and Serbia back down
British opposition to amending the Treaty of Berlin with respects to the Straights left Russia with empty hands and therefore Izvolsky and the Czar regarded the annexation and Aehrenthal’s maneuvers as made in bad faith. To bring Izvolsky to heal, Austria-Hungary threatened to release and then ultimately began leaking documents in which over the course of the last 30 years, Russia had agreed that Austria-Hungary had a free hand to do as it liked with Bosnia-Herzegovina and the Sanjak of Novibazar. These documents were an embarrassment to Russia especially with regards to its relations with Serbia. The Czar wrote to Franz-Joseph and accused him of betraying a confidence and relations between the two countries were permanently damaged. Under Germany’s advice, Austria-Hungary kept in confidence the July 2 and September 23rd correspondence from Izvolsky to Aehrenthal and these were a continued threat to Izvolsky’s position if Russia did not firmly and publicly accept amendment of Article 25 of the Treaty of Berlin to accept the annexation. On March 22, Germany put Russia on the spot, demanding that Russia give a clear and unequivocal “yes” or “no” as to whether it committed to accept this amendment. Failure to give a positive reply would cause Germany to withdraw from the diplomatic discussions “and let things take their course”. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 285-6] Under such pressure, Izvolsky caved and advised the cabinet to accept the amendment of article 25 for fear that otherwise Austria would be free to act against Serbia and the cabinet agreed. On March 23 the Czar accepted the decision and communicated the decision to German Ambassador to Russia Portales. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 287] Britain however was not quite ready to acquiesce and stated they would do so only once “the Serbian question had been settled in a pacific manner, and France fell in line behind her.

On March 26, Austria-Hungary provided Britain with the negotiated text of Serbia’s March declaration committing Serbia to accept the annexation. The next day asked for Britain’s firm assurance that once the negotiations with Serbia were complete, Britain would accept the amendment of Article 25. Without such assurance Austria-Hungary stated it would break off negotiations with Serbia.[Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 289] Later that day Austria-Hungary decided to partially mobilize its armed forces. On March 28 Britain committed as requested. On March 31 Serbia made its formal declaration of acceptance to Austria-Hungary representing a complete Serbian climb down. The crisis was over. [Albertini, Vol. 1, pp 291-2]The Great Powers signed the amendments to the Treaty of Berlin in the various capitals from April 7 to April 19.

The Buchlau Bargain
I think the Buchlau Bargain deserves its own article. Any thoughts? Eguygabe 03:08, 18 March 2014 (UTC)

The caricature
"Advance of civilization in Bosnia and Herzegovina" I think the French text is even more funny: it means, "civilisation is marching on", i.e. it plays on three meanings of the expression "est en marche", the first and main of which being the military meaning, the second being the association with walking (obviously in jackboots), and only the third being the meaning of advancement. Is there a way to translate better this play on words in English? In French, it is really funny (though I am not a French). In English, I suppose, it's somewhat academical. Suggestions? - 89.110.18.166 (talk) 13:17, 4 July 2014 (UTC)

Opening
The opening is actually a background. An opening is still needed, and the currently opening needs to be named background. --MorenaReka (talk) 17:52, 28 November 2015 (UTC)

Croatia
Why there is not a single word about Croatian intellectuals who sought to unite Bosnia with the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia-Dalmatia? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 188.252.236.228 (talk) 18:01, 23 September 2016 (UTC)

Annexation date
The article says the annexation of Bosnia took place on 8 October, but there is no citation for that date. Searching Google Books, I found several conflicting dates. So given that we can't seem to find any consistency here and absent a primary source, I think the best course of action is to remove the exact date and put in a footnote to show that the date varies among sources. — howcheng  {chat} 17:58, 4 October 2018 (UTC)
 * The Failure to Prevent World War I: The Unexpected Armageddon (2016) says 6 October.
 * British Foreign Policy Under Sir Edward Grey (1977) says 6 October.
 * Armaments and the Coming of War: Europe, 1904-1914 (1996) says 5 October
 * For Peace and Money: French and British Finance in the Service of ... (2014) says 6 October
 * The art of the possible: documents on great power diplomacy, 1814-1914 (1996) says 4 October
 * The Origins of the First World War: Controversies and Consensus (2013) says 5 October
 * A Companion to Europe, 1900 - 1945 (2011) says 5 October

Second Bosnian Crisis
Wasn't the war from 1992-95 a crisis also? 24.154.199.193 (talk) 14:22, 22 October 2018 (UTC) Second Bosnian Crisis?

Requested move 19 July 2019

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Moved as proposed. An unopposed move request should always be performed. Red  Slash  21:20, 27 July 2019 (UTC)

Bosnian crisis → Bosnian Crisis – I propose the move for consistency with other crisis-articles; however, moving it myself may be controversial. Vlad5250 (talk) 06:20, 19 July 2019 (UTC)
 * Could you give a couple examples? --Comment by Selfie City ( talk about my  contributions ) 16:21, 19 July 2019 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

"permanently" damaged relations
do Russia, Hungary etc really still hold a grudge about this today? 92.21.10.29 (talk) 02:20, 6 October 2019 (UTC)
 * The states of Russia and Hungary are very different today - the article refers to the time. Both named countries have gone through several changes of government since 1908. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.111.55.190 (talk) 07:40, 6 October 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bosnian Crisis


text:
User:X3rx3s

خشایارشاه

title: User:X3rx3s


text:
Talk:Unmanned aerial vehicle

Wiki Education assignment: Technology and Culture
— Assignment last updated by Thecanyon (talk) 05:33, 12 December 2023 (UTC)

Classification of medium UAVs
There's an oddity in the difference between "small" and "medium" UAVs in the table in the article. Small are defined as 5m. Are there NO drones in the middle?

Looking at the citation, it appears that the classification is done by weight rather than size. So should the article reflect this? The quote is:

 * "The medium UAV class applies to UAVs that are too heavy to be carried by one person but are still smaller than a light aircraft. They usually have a wingspan of about 5-10 m and can carry payloads of 100 to 200 kg."

Chris55 (talk) 15:21, 30 March 2024 (UTC) Chris55 (talk) 15:21, 30 March 2024 (UTC)

Drone redirects
FYI, drone redirects are being discussed at Redirects for discussion/Log/2024 June 24 -- 64.229.90.32 (talk) 02:23, 25 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Unmanned aerial vehicle


text:
Executive Council of New Hampshire

The Executive Council of the State of New Hampshire (commonly known as the Governor's Council) is the executive body of the U.S. state of New Hampshire. The Executive Council advises the Governor on all matters and provides a check on the governor's power. While the governor retains the right to veto legislation passed by the New Hampshire General Court, and commands the New Hampshire National Guard, the council has veto power over pardons, contracts with a value greater than $10,000, and nominations. The Executive Council Chambers have been located in the New Hampshire State House since the chambers were added to the capitol in 1909.

Construction
The Executive Council is made up of five councilors elected for two-year terms by their respective districts. The General Court divides the state into five districts by population, as needed for the public good, with each district containing approximately 275,500 residents.

The Governor has the sole power and authority to convene meetings of the council at his or her discretion. The council does not have the power or authority to convene itself. The governor with, or a majority of, the council "may and shall, from time to time hold a council, for ordering and directing the affairs of the state, according to the laws of the land." (Part II. Art. 62 of the N.H. Constitution)

Members of the council may be impeached by the House, and tried by the Senate for bribery, corruption, malpractice, or maladministration. (Part II. Art 63)

The constitution provides for the governor and council to be compensated for their services, from time to time, by such grants as the general courts shall think reasonable. (Part II. Art. 58) Each councilor is provided a salary of $12,354 (FY 2006). The councilor for District 1 receives a $5,800 stipend in lieu of expenses while the other districts' councilors receive $4,000.

Powers
The Governor and Council, together, have the authority and responsibility over the administration of the affairs of the state as defined in the New Hampshire Constitution, the New Hampshire Revised Statutes Annotated, and the advisory opinions of the New Hampshire Supreme Court and the New Hampshire Attorney General. The General Court has also designated specific powers to the governor and council in RSA Chapter 4. Other powers of the council derive from the NH Constitution:

 * The governor and council approve the spending of a significant portion of the state's budget.
 * The governor and council serve as the watchdogs of the state treasury to ensure state departments and agencies do not spend more than they were allowed to, or use the money for unauthorized purposes. (Part II. Art. 56)
 * The governor and council approve state departments and agencies' receipt and expenditures of funds and gifts, budgetary transfers within a department, and all contracts with a value of $10,000 or more.
 * The governor and council nominates and appoints all "judicial officers, the attorney general, and all officers of the navy, and general and field officers of the militia." (Part II. Art. 46)
 * The governor and council "have a negative on each other, both in the nominations and appointments," which shall be signed by the governor and council. (Part II. Art. 47)
 * The power of pardoning offenses "shall be in the governor, by and with the advice of council," except for persons convicted of offenses before the senate by impeachment of the house or persons whose offenses have yet been adjudicated. (Part II. Art. 52)
 * When a majority of the council and the attorney general reasonably believes "the governor is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office by reason of physical or mental incapacity, but the governor is unwilling or unable to transmit his written declaration to such effect...," the attorney general shall petition the NH Supreme Court, which will make such determination by a preponderance of the evidence. (Part II Art. 49-a)
 * The governor with advice of council has "the full power and authority, in the recess of the general court, to prorogue the same from time to time, not exceeding ninety days, in any one recess of said court; and during the sessions of said court, to adjourn or prorogue it to any time the two houses may desire, and to call it together sooner than the time to which it may be adjourned, or prorogued, if the welfare of the state should require the same." (Part II. Art. 50)

Colonial era
The Executive Council had its beginnings in 1679, when King Charles II issued a 3,438 word commission, on September 18. The Royal Commission separated the territory of New Hampshire from Massachusetts and directed that a new government be organized in the Province of New Hampshire. A president and a nine-member council (representing the four towns of Portsmouth, Dover, Hampton and Exeter) were appointed by the king from the 4,000 settlers of the seacoast area and were required to assume office by January 21, 1680.

Appointees to the council and president were all Puritans, some with long associations with the Boston government and several had served in the Puritan legislature in Boston. Some of the designated council members were so firmly opposed to the new government that they considered refusing their appointed positions. When an ultimatum was presented that less desirable men would replace them, they all relented and took the oath of office on January 21, 1680.

John Cutt, a wealthy Portsmouth merchant, was appointed the first president (later called Governor) of New Hampshire. The first official act of the President and Council was to create a legislative body, then called an Assembly, to raise taxes and establish public conduct laws. The president and council obtained listings of property owners in the four towns and posted those freeholders (voters) in each town, to elect representatives to the assembly, which was convened on March 16, 1680.

The first assembly, of which the council was the upper branch, was quick to express its opposition to the directives of the royal command. They promptly enacted a law that New Hampshire's property owners' titles, as granted by the Massachusetts Bay Colony over the years, would continue as valid, contrary to the ruling of the King. The legislators also joined with the president and his council in voting an apology to the Bay State for having been torn from their jurisdiction. They also expressed special appreciation for the favors they received through the 38-year affiliation.

At that time, the council's primary responsibility was to report on the activities of the president to the King, especially if he strayed from the crown's dictates.

Post-colonial Council
On January 5, 1776, the founding fathers of the state created New Hampshire's first constitution, which eliminated the position of governor, but kept the concept of a council due to its former status as a check on the power of authoritarian rule, a recurring theme during the Revolution and afterwards with the creation of the Articles of Confederation, an ethos that made the founding fathers change selection of councilors from appointed to elected positions

In the second and current Constitution, first written in 1784, a head executive was renewed, but given the title "President" rather than Governor to avoid the connotations of the royal governorship during the colonial period. (The title was changed to "Governor" by 1792.) However, the council, while being unable to act on its own, was now given the right to veto the head of state by a 3–2 vote.

The only time the council was in danger of being eliminated was in 1850, when the future U.S. President Franklin Pierce suggested its removal during that year's Constitutional Convention, with the voters of New Hampshire disagreeing with him by a more than two to one margin (27,910 to 11,299).

In 1933, Executive Council meetings were opened to the public.

In 2006, Democrats gained two council seats, giving them a 3–2 edge. This was part of a massive Democratic landslide in which the party won control of both chambers of the New Hampshire General Court, the re-election of John Lynch as governor, and both of the state's seats in the federal U.S. House of Representatives.

In 2010, Republicans claimed all five council seats as part of a national electoral wave that locally saw Republicans taking control of both the New Hampshire Senate and the New Hampshire House of Representatives. In the 2012 elections, Democrats won three seats on the council. During the 2014 elections, Republicans regained the District 5 seat and held three out of five seats on the council. This three of five majority for Republicans continued after the 2016 election. District 3 councilor Chris Sununu was elected governor of New Hampshire in 2016.

title: Executive Council of New Hampshire


text:
Duty of care

In tort law, a duty of care is a legal obligation that is imposed on an individual, requiring adherence to a standard of reasonable care to avoid careless acts that could foreseeably harm others, and lead to claim in negligence. It is the first element that must be established to proceed with an action in negligence. The claimant must be able to show a duty of care imposed by law that the defendant has breached. In turn, breaching a duty may subject an individual to liability. The duty of care may be imposed by operation of law between individuals who have no current direct relationship (familial or contractual or otherwise) but eventually become related in some manner, as defined by common law (meaning case law).

Duty of care may be considered a formalisation of the social contract, the established and implicit responsibilities held by individuals/entities towards others within society. It is not a requirement that a duty of care be defined by law, though it will often develop through the jurisprudence of common law.

Development of the general duty of care
At common law, duties were formerly limited to those with whom one was in privity one way or another, as exemplified by cases like Winterbottom v. Wright (1842). In the early 20th century, judges began to recognize that the cold realities of the Second Industrial Revolution (in which end users were frequently several parties removed from the original manufacturer) implied that enforcing the privity requirement against hapless consumers had harsh results in many product liability cases. The idea of a general duty of care that runs to all who could be foreseeably affected by one's conduct (accompanied by the demolishing of the privity barrier) first appeared in the judgment of William Brett (later Lord Esher), Master of the Rolls, in Heaven v Pender (1883). Although Brett's formulation was rejected by the rest of the court, similar formulations later appeared in the landmark U.S. case of MacPherson v. Buick Motor Co. (1916) and, in the UK, in Donoghue v Stevenson (1932). Both MacPherson and Donoghue were product liability cases, and both expressly acknowledged and cited Brett's analysis as their inspiration.

Scope
Although the duty of care is easiest to understand in contexts like simple blunt trauma, it is important to understand that the duty can be still found in situations where plaintiffs and defendants may be separated by vast distances of space and time.

For instance, an engineer or construction company involved in erecting a building may be reasonably responsible to tenants inhabiting the building many years in the future. This point is illustrated by the decision of the South Carolina Supreme Court in Terlinde v. Neely 275 S.C. 395, 271 S.E.2d 768 (1980), later cited by the Supreme Court of Canada in Winnipeg Condominium Corporation No. 36 v. Bird Construction Co. [1995] 1 S.C.R. 85:

Responsibility
Although the idea of a general duty of care is now widely accepted, there are significant differences among the common law jurisdictions concerning the specific circumstances under which that duty of care exists. Obviously, courts cannot impose unlimited liability and hold everyone liable for everyone else's problems; as Justice Cardozo put it, to rule otherwise would be to expose defendants "to a liability in an indeterminate amount for an indeterminate time to an indeterminate class." There must be some reasonable limit to the duty of care; the problem is where to set that limit.

England
Whether a duty of care exists depends firstly on whether there is an analogous case in which the Courts have previously held there to exist (or not exist) a duty of care. Situations in which a duty of care have previously been held to exist include doctor and patient, manufacturer and consumer, and surveyor and mortgagor. Accordingly, if there is an analogous case on duty of care, the court will simply apply that case to the facts of the new case without asking itself any normative questions.

If there is no similar case that the court will determine whether there is a duty of care by applying the three normative criteria the House of Lords set out in Caparo Industries plc v Dickman. The criteria are as follows:

 * Harm must be a "reasonably foreseeable" result of the defendant's conduct;
 * A relationship of "proximity" must exist between the defendant and the claimant;
 * It must be "fair, just and reasonable" to impose liability.

Australia
The High Court of Australia has deviated from the English approach, which still recognises a proximity element. Rather, Australian law first determines whether the case at hand fits within an established category of case where a duty of care has been found. For example, occupiers of a premises automatically owe a duty of care to any person on their premises.

If this is not the case, then the plaintiff must prove that it was reasonably foreseeable that harm could result from the defendant's actions. If so, the Court then applies a "salient features" test to determine whether the plaintiff is owed a duty of care. Some of the salient features which the Court considers in making this inquiry include: Special rules exist for the establishment of duty of care where the plaintiff suffered mental harm, or where the defendant is a public authority.
 * 1) Whether imposition of a duty of care would lead to "indeterminate liability" – that is, it would interfere with the legitimate protection or pursuit of an individual's social or business interests.
 * 2) Whether imposition of a duty would constitute an unreasonable burden on individual autonomy.
 * 3) The degree of vulnerability of the plaintiff to the defendant's actions – their ability to guard against the harm.
 * 4) The degree of knowledge which the defendant had about the probability and likely magnitude of harm to the plaintiff.

To establish a duty of care, the plaintiff has to satisfy the requirement of CLA Act ss 27–33. In light of this, a large number of individuals cannot claim injuries as well. Meanwhile, compared to the "No-Fault Compensation" system in New Zealand, the cost to claim injuries is much higher. In light of this, individuals especially the victims who lack knowledge or capability may choose not claim private nuisance after balancing the burden and outcomes. This view is affirmed by Professor Regina Graycar. She states that the courts in Australia are reluctant to award damages for personal injuries.

In New South Wales, a plaintiff is able to recover for non-economic loss, including pain and suffering, loss of amenities/expectation of life and disfigurement, upon the severity of the loss being at least 15% of 'most extreme case'. As of October 2016, NSW Attorney General, Gabrielle Upton, has updated the maximum amount of damages for non-economic loss from $594,000 to $605,000.

France
On 27 March 2017, the French National Assembly adopted a law entitled “Devoir de vigilance des entreprises donneuses d'ordre”, whose title has been translated into English as a "duty of vigilance" or "duty of care".

The law will oblige large French companies (companies with at least 5,000 staff in France or 10,000 staff within their combined French and foreign offices over two consecutive years) to:
 * "Establish and implement a diligence plan which should state the measures taken to identify and prevent the occurrence of human rights and environmental risks resulting from their activities, the activities of companies they control and the activities of sub-contractors and suppliers on whom they have a significant influence."

Switzerland

In Switzerland, a federal popular initiative named 'For responsible businesses – protecting human rights and the environment' was launched by a coalition of non-governmental organizations. It proposed a mechanism of public liability when activities of Swiss multinationals, or their subsidiaries, violate internationally recognised human rights and environmental standards.

On 29 November 2020, the responsible business initiative was accepted by 51% of voters, but rejected by a majority of cantons. The failure of the initiative leads to the entry into force of the legislative counter-project. The latter also introduces new due diligence obligations. Criminal fines can be imposed for failure to report (but nor for breaches of international law).

United States
Because each of the 50 U.S. states is a separate sovereign free to develop its own tort law under the Tenth Amendment, there are several tests for finding a duty of care in United States tort law.

Foreseeability test
In several states, like Florida and Massachusetts, the sole test is whether the harm to the plaintiff from the defendant's actions was foreseeable.

Multi-factor test
The Supreme Court of California, in a majority opinion by Justice David Eagleson, criticized the idea that foreseeability, standing alone, constitutes an adequate basis on which to rest the duty of care: "Experience has shown that . . . there are clear judicial days on which a court can foresee forever and thus determine liability but none on which that foresight alone provides a socially and judicially acceptable limit on recovery of damages."

Drawing upon the work of scholars such as Fowler V. Harper, Fleming James Jr., and William Prosser, California has developed a complicated balancing test consisting of multiple factors which must be carefully weighed against one another to determine whether a duty of care exists in a negligence action.

California Civil Code section 1714 imposes a general duty of ordinary care, which by default requires all persons to take reasonable measures to prevent harm to others. In the 1968 case of Rowland v. Christian, the court held that judicial exceptions to this general duty of care should only be created if clearly justified based on the following public-policy factors:

A 1997 case added to this:
 * the foreseeability of harm to the injured party;
 * the degree of certainty he or she suffered injury;
 * the closeness of the connection between the defendant's conduct and the injury suffered;
 * the moral blame attached to the defendant's conduct;
 * the policy of preventing future harm;
 * the extent of the burden to the defendant and the consequences to the community of imposing a duty of care with resulting liability for breach;
 * and the availability, cost, and prevalence of insurance for the risk involved.

 * the social utility of the defendant's conduct from which the injury arose.

Contemporary California appellate decisions treat the Rowland decision as the "gold standard" for determining the existence of a legal duty of care, and generally refer to the criteria for determining the existence of a legal duty of care as the Rowland factors.

In California, the duty inquiry focuses on the general category of conduct at issue and the range of foreseeable harm it creates, rather than the specific actions or injuries in each case. Appellate lawyer Jeffrey Ehrlich persuaded the California Supreme Court to clarify the central importance of this distinction with its 2011 decision in Cabral v. Ralphs Grocery Co. which requires "no duty" rulings to be based on categorical public-policy rules that can be applied to a range of cases, without reference to detailed facts. By requiring courts to apply the Rowland factors at this high level of factual generality, the Cabral decision preserved the role of juries in determining whether the defendant breached its duty of care based on the unique circumstances of each case.

A majority of U.S. states have adopted some kind of multi-factor analysis based on the work of Prosser and others. Some states simply copied California's factors but modified them, like Michigan (which deleted the insurance factor and never picked up the social utility factor), while others developed different lists of factors, such as this one from Tennessee:

 * the foreseeability of the harm or injury;
 * the possible magnitude of the potential harm or injury;
 * the importance or social value of the activity engaged in by the defendant;
 * the usefulness of the conduct to the defendant;
 * the feasibility of alternative conduct;
 * the costs and burdens associated with the alternative conduct;
 * the relative usefulness of the alternative conduct;
 * and the relative safety of the alternative conduct.

A 2011 law review article identified 43 states that use a multifactor analysis in 23 various incarnations; consolidating them together results in a list of 42 different factors used by U.S. courts to determine whether a duty of care exists.

The Tennessee Court of Appeal has also recently followed the California Supreme Court's lead by citing Cabral for the proposition that duty determinations must be made at the highest level of factual generality.

Measurement
Once a duty exists, the plaintiff must show that the defendant breached it. This is generally treated as the second element of negligence in the United States. Breach involves testing the defendant's actions against the standard of a reasonable person, which varies depending on the facts of the case. For example, physicians will be held to reasonable standards for members of their profession, rather than those of the general public, in negligence actions for medical malpractice.

In turn, once the appropriate standard has been found, the breach is proven when the plaintiff shows that the defendant's conduct fell below or did not reach the relevant standard of reasonable care.

However, it is possible that the defendant took every possible precaution and exceeded what would have been done by any reasonable person, yet the plaintiff was injured. If that is the case, then as a matter of law, the duty of care has not been breached and the plaintiff cannot recover in negligence. This is the key difference between negligence and strict liability; if strict liability attaches to the defendant's conduct, then the plaintiff can recover under that theory regardless of whatever precautions were taken by the defendant.

Products
Product liability was the context in which the general duty of care first developed. Manufacturers owe a duty of care to consumers who ultimately purchase and use the products. In the case of Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 of the House of Lords, Lord Atkin stated:

Land
At common law, in the case of landowners, the extent of their duty of care to those who came on their premises varied depending on whether a person was classified as a trespasser, licensee, or invitee. This rule was eventually abolished in some common law jurisdictions. For example, England enacted the Occupiers Liability Act 1957. Similarly, in the 1968 landmark case of Rowland v. Christian, the Supreme Court of California replaced the old classifications with a general duty of care to all persons on one's land, regardless of their status. After several highly publicized and controversial cases, the California Legislature enacted a statute in 1985 that partially restored immunity to landowners from some types of lawsuits from trespassers.

Colorado's highest court adopted the Rowland unified duty of care analysis in 1971. The resulting explosion of lawsuits against Colorado landowners caused the state legislature to enact the Colorado Premises Liability Act in 1986, which enacted a cleaned-up statutory version of the common law classifications and simultaneously expressly displaced all common law remedies against landowners in order to prevent state courts from again expanding their liability.

In the Republic of Ireland, under the Occupiers' Liability Act, 1995, the duty of care to trespassers, visitors and "recreational users" can be restricted by the occupier; provided reasonable notice is given, for which a prominent notice at the usual entrance to the premises usually suffices.

Business
In business, "the duty of care addresses the attentiveness and prudence of managers in performing their decision-making and supervisory functions." The "business judgment rule presumes that directors (and officers) carry out their functions in good faith, after sufficient investigation, and for acceptable reasons. Unless this presumption is overcome, courts abstain from second-guessing well-meaning business decisions even when they are flops. This is a risk that shareholders take when they make a corporate investment."

Cybersecurity
With increased cyber threats and attacks, legislation has evolved to incorporate how to establish responsibility in the event of a breach. Key terms in privacy bills and laws cite 'reasonable security' or 'duty of care' as a requirement of organizations when managing sensitive data. If a company manages private information such as social security numbers (SSN) or personal health information (PHI), it is their responsibility to practice 'duty of care' and establish 'reasonable controls' to protect this data. For example, if a hacker group attacks a bank with ransomware, and they exfiltrate all their client data - who is responsible for potential wire fraud, identity theft, and costs for litigation? Businesses are required to demonstrate they have implemented a security strategy based on their risk profile, as it is specific for each working environment. Legislation is outlining specific roles for executives in order to carry out 'duty of care' properly, as in the case of the Colorado Privacy Act. It states, "A controller shall take reasonable measures to secure personal data during both storage and use from unauthorized acquisition. The data security practices must be appropriate to the volume, scope, and nature of the personal data processed and the nature of the business." The New York Privacy Act (NYPA) also proposed a 'duty of care' for risk assessments by controllers regarding personal data.

The common theme in establishing duty of care is the assessment of risk, the likelihood of these risks occurring, and how they would impact all parties potentially affected by those risks. Companies must comply with these new requirements of their duty to for reasonable security as it applies to their working landscape - to manage risk appropriately or be liable for the harm they could cause.

With compliance requirements of 'reasonable security' to protect data, there is also an increase in more data breach litigation examining if organizations practiced reasonable and appropriate security controls. Recent case settlements include Herff Jones and DNA Diagnostics in which these organizations must implement an information security program to manage risks based on documented frameworks such as Duty of Care Risk Analysis (DoCRA), CIS RAM, NIST, ISO 27005, or The Sedona Conference Commentary on a Reasonable Security Test.

title: Duty of care


text:
Stuart Saves His Family

Stuart Saves His Family is a 1995 American comedy film directed by Harold Ramis based on a series of Saturday Night Live sketches from the early to mid-1990s. The film follows the adventures of would-be self-help guru Stuart Smalley, a creation of comedian Al Franken, as he attempts to save both his deeply troubled family and his low-rated public-access television show. Some of the plot is inspired by Franken's book, I'm Good Enough, I'm Smart Enough, and Doggone It, People Like Me!: Daily Affirmations by Stuart Smalley.

The film was produced by Lorne Michaels. Co-stars include Laura San Giacomo, Vincent D'Onofrio, Shirley Knight, Lesley Boone and Harris Yulin. Julia Sweeney, Joe Flaherty, Robin Duke, Richard Riehle, future AEW ring announcer Justin Roberts and Kurt Fuller have cameo roles.

Plot
Stuart Smalley (Al Franken), the disciple of the 12-step program, is challenged by life's injustices. He loses his public-access cable television show, must beg his manipulative overbearing boss for his job back, rehabilitate his alcoholic father and drug abusing brother (Vincent D'Onofrio), and support his overweight mother (Shirley Knight) and sister (Lesley Boone) in their lack of ability in handling their relationships with their husbands. Stuart is supported by his 12-step sponsors as he regresses to his negative behaviors each time he faces these challenges.

Cast

 * Al Franken as Stuart Smalley
 * Laura San Giacomo as Julia
 * Vincent D'Onofrio as Donnie Smalley
 * Shirley Knight as Mrs. Smalley
 * Lesley Boone as Jodie Smalley
 * Harris Yulin as Dad
 * Kurt Fuller as Von Arks
 * Julia Sweeney as Mea C.
 * Joe Flaherty as Cousin Ray

Production
Al Franken created and played the character Stuart Smalley in Saturday Night Live sketches; in 1992 Franken wrote a book, in character as Stuart, titled I'm Good Enough, I'm Smart Enough, and Doggone It, People Like Me!: Daily Affirmations by Stuart Smalley. After reading the book, Harold Ramis approached Franken about developing it into a movie. According to Franken, Ramis was largely responsible for making the movie happen.

Reception
The film was a failure at the box office, earning only $912,082. This followed the box-office failures of other SNL-adaptations. Shortly after the movie left the theaters, Saturday Night Live featured a "Daily Affirmations with Stuart Smalley" sketch that parodied the poor box office returns. Stuart was depressed and bitter throughout the entire segment and lambasted the audience for choosing other movies (such as Dumb and Dumber and Bad Boys) over his.

In a 1999 appearance on The Howard Stern Show, Franken stated that he was "very proud" of the movie. However, in his 2003 book  'Oh, the Things I Know! A Guide to Success, or Failing That, Happiness, Franken mentioned his depression following the film's failure.

Critical response
On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 30% based on reviews from 27 critics, with an average rating of 4.7/10. On Metacritic it has a weighted average score of 54% based on reviews from 16 critics. It received a nomination for Most Painfully Unfunny Comedy at the 1995 Stinkers Bad Movie Awards, which it lost to Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls.

Siskel & Ebert each gave the film a "thumbs up" rating, with Siskel calling it "smart and hip" and Ebert saying that "it has more courage than a lot of serious films."

Home media
Stuart Saves His Family was released on VHS in October 1995; it was released on DVD on April 17, 2001. In 2007, the film was packaged with two other Lorne Michaels productions, Wayne's World and Coneheads, to be sold as a "triple feature". In 2013, Warner Bros. acquired the management of Paramount's DVD library, and added Stuart Saves His Family to their Warner Archive Collection.

title: Stuart Saves His Family


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sir Reginald Myles Ansett

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was no consensus. Tony Sidaway|Talk 14:02, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Sir Reginald Myles Ansett
I tried to redirect this to Gold Airways, since this article has nothing to do with the title (and should be at Reginald Myles Ansett anyway), but since Gold Airways already exists, and this article has nothing to do with the title, and since a redirect to Gold Airways of this title would be inappropriate, I vote to delete this article. RickK 05:53, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep - incorrect page naming convention but should be rediredcted. Ansett is a significant figure and probably warrants an entry albeit with relevant content. Andypasto 06:01, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and rename. Founded a major Australian airline Ansett airlines. Also founded Pioneer bus service which merged with Greyhound's bus service. Notable figure in Australian transport. I will work on fixing article. Should be known as Reg Ansett as that was the name he was commonly known as. Capitalistroadster 11:46, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Have created an article under the name of Reg Ansett. I would now propose that we delete this article. On reflection, I doubt that many people would search for Ansett under this term. Capitalistroadster 12:57, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and move to either Reginald Ansett or Reg Ansett, agree with Capitalistroadster. I've never heard of him referred to by three names before. --bainer 13:06, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Move what? the article says nothing about him and all about the airline.  RickK 21:20, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm assuming this nomination is either a joke, or someone trying (badly) to prove a point. Reg Ansett was one of Australia's best-known business magnates. Oh and he also founded one of the largest companies in the country. Keep. --Gene_poole 04:17, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Think you've missed the point - the content of this article has nothing to do with Ansett. Andypasto 11:57, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Did you even read the article? There is nothing in it about Reg Ansett.  RickK 00:50, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * I always read articles nominated for deletion. Bad content is not a valid deletion criterion and never has been. --Gene_poole 02:27, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * So you would vote keep on any nonsense article with a plausible title? RickK 19:47, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, there is an good article on the same topic at Reg Ansett thanks to Capitalroadster--nixie 04:26, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Then let's make this a redirect to that. RickK 19:47, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * DELETE for reasons stated above.
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Tony Sarg

Anthony Frederick Sarg (April 21, 1880 – March 7, 1942) was a German American puppeteer and illustrator. He was described as "America's Puppet Master", and in his biography as the father of modern puppetry in North America.

Early life
Tony Sarg was born in Cobán, Guatemala, to Francis Charles Sarg and his wife, Mary Elizabeth Parker. The elder Sarg, son of Mary Ellen Best, was a consul representing Germany; Parker was English.

The family returned to the German Empire in 1887 [but note conflict that father Franz Sarg remained Consul until 1894]; Sarg entered a military academy at age 14 and received a commission as lieutenant at 17; in 1905 (in his mid-20s) he resigned his commission and took up residence in the United Kingdom.

There, he pursued a relationship with Bertha Eleanor McGowan, an American he had met when she was a tourist in Germany. They were married in her hometown of Cincinnati, Ohio, January 20, 1909, and returned to England, where their daughter Mary was born two years later. In 1914, with the start of World War I, he sent Bertha and the children to Cincinnati, followed them soon after, and settled the family in New York City in 1915. In 1920, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States.

Career
He had been raised around puppets, inherited his grandmother's collection of them, developed them as a hobby that enhanced the impression he made on other artists, and finally in 1917, turned them into a profession.

In 1921, Sarg animated the film The First Circus, an inventive cartoon for producer Herbert M. Dawley, who was credited as co-animator. Sarg went on to produce a series of cartoons known as Tony Sarg's Almanac, from 1921 to 1923.

In 1928, he designed, and his protégé Bil Baird built tethered helium-filled balloons up to 125 ft long, resembling animals, for the New York institution of Macy's department store. This work involved a number of puppetry-related principles. These creations were featured in the store's Thanksgiving Day parade. In 1935, he undertook the puppet-related work of designing Macy's elaborate animated window display, which was shown between Thanksgiving and Christmas.

The pinnacle of Sarg's visibility occurred at the 1933 Chicago World's Fair, where his cumulative audience was 3 million; Baird was involved in this production, as were Rufus Rose and Margo Rose.

Sarg stepped back from competing with other puppet studios, and pursued illustrating magazine covers, guide books, and original children's picture books, games, and toys. He designed salons and sophisticated interiors for high-end department stores and restaurants, including the supper club at New York's Waldorf Astoria. He designed extensively for the New York World's Fair, in 1939, creating the fair's official pictorial map, and numerous colorful and modernistic fabrics with World's Fair themes for lady's scarves, handkerchiefs, dresses, table linens, and upholstery, which were sold through Lord & Taylor Department Store. His protégé, Bil Baird, went on to design the puppets featured in the film The Sound of Music.

Death
On February 17, 1942, Sarg had surgery for a ruptured appendix, and died on March 7, 1942, of complications arising from it. He is buried at Spring Grove Cemetery in Cincinnati, Ohio.

Legacy
The Academy Film Archive has preserved several of Tony Sarg's films, including The Original Movie, When the Whale Was Jonahed, Why They Love Cavemen, The First Earful, and Why Adam Walked the Floor.

Filmography
All films co-animated and produced by Herbert M. Dawley
 * The First Circus   (May 8, 1921)
 * The Tooth Carpenter	(May 21, 1921)
 * Why They Love Cavemen	(July 2, 1921)
 * When The Wale Was Jonahed	(August 20, 1921)
 * Fireman, Save My Child	(September 11, 1921)
 * The Original Golfer	(January 7, 1922)
 * Why Adam Walked the Floor	(February 5, 1922)
 * The Original Movie	(April 9, 1922)
 * The First Earful	(May 29, 1922)
 * Noah Put The Cat Out	(July 9, 1922)
 * The First Degree	(July 29, 1922)
 * The First Barber	(August 27, 1922)
 * Baron Bragg and the Devilish Dragon	(September 24, 1922)
 * The First Flivver	(October 22, 1922)
 * The Ogling Ogre	(November 19, 1922)
 * Baron Bragg and the Haunted Castle	(December 17, 1922)
 * The Terrible Tree	(January 14,1923)

title: Tony Sarg


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gold Airways

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 02:57, 16 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Gold Airways
Not notable - company is yet to obtain an air operators certificate let alone any aircraft. Self promotion - Delete Andypasto 05:55, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. It has 27 Google Hits of which a good third or so are are Wikipedia & mirrors.  I would support keeping if it ever gets off the ground.  Get it?  Off the ground!  Oh, I am amusing! Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  12:54, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete I'm still laughing at the "get off the ground". --Laura Scudder | Talk 05:31, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Diane Bourgeois

Diane Bourgeois (born November 14, 1949) is a Canadian politician. She was a Bloc Québécois Member of the House of Commons of Canada, representing the riding Terrebonne—Blainville from 2000 until 2011. She was the Bloc critic for the international cooperation portfolio — Canada's foreign-aid efforts — and is a former critic for the status of women, parental leave, and housing.

Bourgeois was born in Montreal, Quebec.

title: Diane Bourgeois


text:
Cleaner (band)

Cleaner is the name of a German project specializing in electronic music. Formerly known as Cleen, Myer released several albums on the American industrial music record label, Metropolis Records, as well as the labels Zoth Ommog and Accession Records.

History
Cleen began as a side project of Haujobb's Daniel Myer, who teamed up with vocalist Thorsten Meier for the first few releases, beginning with 1997's Designed Memories. After the release of their second album, Thorsten Meier left to pursue other interests, and Daniel Myer assumed all musical and vocal duties. For the third release, Solaris, Myer changed the name of Cleen to Cleaner. Cleen, Cleaner, and Clear Vision have often been described as more synthpop oriented than Haujobb.

At this time, all of the Cleen and Cleaner releases are out of print. Daniel Myer continues to record with Haujobb and his numerous other projects, including the recently formed Clear Vision, which appears to be another linguistic twist in the Cleen / Cleaner family.

Discography

 * Designed Memories, 1998, CDEP
 * Second Path, 1999, CD
 * The Voice, 2000, MCD – #57 DAC Top 100 Singles of 2000
 * Solaris, 2000, CD (as Cleaner) – #13 CMJ RPM Charts
 * The Call, 2002, CDS (as Clear Vision)
 * Deception, 2002, CD (as Clear Vision)

title: Cleaner (band)