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Frank Halford

Major Frank Bernard Halford CBE FRAeS (7 March 1894 – 16 April 1955) was an English aircraft engine designer. He is best known for the series of de Havilland Gipsy engines, widely used by light aircraft in the 1920s and 30s.

Career
Educated at Felsted, In 1913 he left the University of Nottingham before graduating in order to learn to fly at the Bristol Flying School at Brooklands, later becoming a flight instructor for Bristol. In 1914 he joined the Aeronautical Inspection Department of the War Office

On the outbreak of the First World War he joined the Royal Flying Corps where he fought at the front. Recalled to engineering duties he improved and enlarged the water-cooled six-cylinder Austro-Daimler, producing the 230 hp (170 kW) Beardmore Halford Pullinger (BHP). This engine was further developed by Siddeley-Deasy as the Puma.

In 1922 he raced a 4-valve Triumph Ricardo in the Senior TT, finishing 13th. That same year he was commissioned to produce a luxury motorcycle for Vauxhall. Based on aero-engine principles, it featured an in-line unit construction four cylinder engine, with shaft drive to the rear wheel. Four examples were made, one exists in a private collection in the Isle of Man.

Working for Airdisco, he redesigned the Puma engine as the Nimbus and also developed a V-8 engine based on the company's large stores of surplus Renault engine parts. There in 1924 he designed the first of the long-running Cirrus series at the request of de Havilland.

In 1923 he set up his own consultancy in London, alongside the engine designer Harry Ricardo. From 1926 he designed the de Havilland Gipsy air-cooled inline engines, repeating the success of the Cirrus.

During this period Frank Halford also designed and had built the AM Halford Special racing car which he raced at Brooklands in the 1926 RAC British Grand Prix, as well as in many other races from 1925 to 1926.

During the 1930s Halford and Harry Ricardo became interested in the sleeve valve as a method of increasing the allowable operating RPM and compression ratio of piston engines, thereby increasing the power from an otherwise smaller engine. From 1928 Halford worked with D. Napier & Son, eventually producing the Sabre, which became one of the most powerful piston aero engines built, producing 3,500 hp (2.6 MW) from only 2200 cubic inches (36 L) in late-war versions.

During the war he became interested in jet engines, and designed a simplified version of Frank Whittle's centrifugal-flow designs with the air intake on the front and "straight-through" combustion chambers. Known initially as the Halford H.1, the project was undertaken for de Havilland who produced it as the de Havilland Goblin. Halford's company was eventually purchased outright by de Havilland in 1944. Halford continued working on jets, turboprop and rocket engines.

Piston engines

 * Beardmore Halford Pullinger
 * ADC Cirrus
 * de Havilland Gipsy
 * de Havilland Gipsy Major
 * Napier Rapier
 * Napier Dagger
 * Napier Sabre
 * Siddeley Puma

Jet engines

 * de Havilland H.1 Goblin
 * de Havilland H.2 Ghost
 * de Havilland H.3 - turbopropeller Gipsy replacement, 500 shp
 * de Havilland H.4 Gyron
 * de Havilland H.5 - developed Ghost - not built
 * de Havilland H.6 Gyron Junior
 * de Havilland H.7 - gas generator, later developed as Napier Oryx

title: Frank Halford


text:
Talk:Mende people

Comment
I have restored an older version of the article, incorporating some recent edits but leaving out all unsourced statements. Please read Cite your sources, Verifiability and especially Weasel words before re-adding statements along the lines of "Attributed to the Mende-speaking peoples are our earliest indirect indications of seafaring" or the extremely disinformed "The Mende language may be traced to the ancient peoples of Papua New Guinea". — mark ✎ 14:43, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Amistad Section
The paragraph about the Mendi people who were sold into slavery, rebelled on the slave ship at Cuba, ended up in the United States, were tried, and freed, seems to have some innacuracies. Namely, as far as to my knowledge, they never worked on plantations, and Montes and Ruiz were not necessarily plantation owners, but slave traders bringing them from Havana to another part of Cuba to sell. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.147.135.10 (talk) 02:18, 4 January 2007 (UTC).

Wasn't there a Joseph Cinque, who was the leader of the rebellion on the slave ship The Amistad? What is known more about him and his fellow rebels? The name Cinque is Italian for 'five'. And 'Joseph' is a Christian name, certainly not his original Mende name. It must have been given him as a slave somewhere in the West Indies, most probably in Cuba, as being the number Five among the group of slaves from the ship or on the slave market. 74.104.144.152 (talk) 23:20, 30 April 2019 (UTC) Hartmut

District percentages
Could someone please cite sources for the district figures. Are they from the 2004 census? Some of the percentages are manifestly false.  D b f i r s   20:08, 15 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Anonymous editors are still making unexplained changes to numbers and percentages. Could they please cite their sources to give us confidence that they are not making up these numbers (as they did for some other articles).    D b f i r s   19:39, 4 July 2008 (UTC)

 * User Sittaconde and an anonymous editor (a sock-puppet?) are still making strange changes to figures, and removing the {fact} tag instead of adding a source. Do we conclude that these numbers are fictitious?  What does anyone else think?  I propose to delete all of these numbers if they keep changing and if no source is given.  Does anyone disagree with this proposal?    D b f i r s   07:30, 8 July 2008 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Milton Margai.png
The image Image:Milton Margai.png is used in this article under a claim of fair use, but it does not have an adequate explanation for why it meets the requirements for such images when used here. In particular, for each page the image is used on, it must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for the use in this article.
 * That this article is linked to from the image description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --07:52, 20 September 2008 (UTC)

Disambiguation from Mendi people of the Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea required.
This page refers to Mendi the town, however there remains no clarification between the Mendi people of Mendi in the Southern Highlands of PNG, and the wholly unrelated Mende people of Sierra Leone.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mendi_(disambiguation) 2001:44B8:1124:6600:CC52:ABBE:43BA:1031 (talk) 06:51, 11 October 2017 (UTC)

 * I have responded on Talk:Mendi (disambiguation).--A bit iffy (talk) 09:21, 11 October 2017 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Mende people
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Mende people's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "PV": From David Lansana:  From Soccoh Kabia:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 03:57, 10 May 2022 (UTC)

Wiki articles need citations
All material on WP need citations from Reliable Sources (RS). In other words, second and/or third party inline sources are essential to maintain WP standards. It is unfortunate that so much of the content on the 'Mende people' is devoid of verifiable sources. Readers have no sources for additional information.

Overall, the page reads like a school essay rather than an encyclopedia - it is overwhelmed with casual claims based on conjecture rather than actual verifiable sources. Furthermore, there appears to be no effort made, over the years, on the part of the page watchers, to address any of the urgent and fundamental issues of verifiability upon which the authenticity of WP relies. Claims such as "the greatest sin a Mende man can commit is to give away the [special] secrets of his tribe" come across as amateurish, ridiculous and not worthy of a mention in an encyclopedia, since second/third party sources are almost guaranteed to be non-existent.

Some of the more outlandish and clearly unverifiable claims should be deleted immediately in order to restore the credibility/integrity of WP for this 'Mende people' article. The curiously short 'History of Mende' section appears to be based entirely on Sengbeh Pieh and the Hollywood-inspired Amistad movie. Nothing makes this story unique considering all or most west African tribes were also victims of the transatlantic slave trade and several independent slave revolts have been noted in the literature. Since Pieh's Amistad actions are not unique, whatever happened to real Mende indigenous history before the transatlantic slave trade - is it documented somewhere? Anyway, claims of Pieh's Mende heritage are also questionable - the Sherbro believe he was one of theirs.

The vast majority of slaves were from the Yoruba, Akan and Igbo people - not the Mende, yet the respective WP pages of those tribes contain substantial info on pre-slavery history, culture, society, religion etc. Like all other indigenous African tribes, the Mende are certainly NOT a post-slavery ethnicity such as the West African Creoles, African Americans or Afro-Caribbeans, so why attach so much capital on the slavery narrative? Unfortunately WP readers still have no idea who the Mende people really are or where they originated from. A very poor article overall. Inamo11 (talk) 06:27, 24 October 2022 (UTC)

History
I what to learn about the mende social organization in pre colonial of SierraLeone 102.223.170.128 (talk) 18:16, 15 November 2022 (UTC)
 * You're welcome to contribute material that can be footnoted to reliable sources. Wikipedia articles are a community effort. Please note that information on the history of the Mende is patchy and usually contradictory. Apart from the Amistad story, not much has been written about the 'Mende in pre-colonial times'. Their chameleonic ethnonym may have finally settled on homophones such as 'Mane' or Mandi or 'Mandin(ka)' but they are clearly none of those people and, like many other groups in the region, may be linguistically linked to Mande-speaking peoples. In Liberia, they are considered a subset of the Vai people but in Sierra Leone their thick accent, when speaking the national language, is reportedly unintelligible to most. This probably indicates an ethnogenesis characterized by long-term isolation somewhere in the tropical rainforest of Mendiland, West Africa. Good luck with your literature review on the Mende. Inamo11 (talk) 01:44, 5 January 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Mende people


text:
San Marcos, Colombia

San Marcos, Colombia may refer to:

 * San Marcos, Antioquia
 * San Marcos, Sucre

title: San Marcos, Colombia


text:
User talk:Jumblymonkeys

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has now been reverted or removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing in articles will be reverted quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. -- Hadal 14:44, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jumblymonkeys


text:
Jill Ireland

Jill Dorothy Ireland (24 April 1936 – 18 May 1990) was an English actress and singer.

Early life
Born in Hounslow South West London, Ireland was the daughter of a wine importer. She was educated at Chatsworth Junior School in Hounslow. She lived at 'Chertsey' on Maswell Park Road in Hounslow.

Career
Ireland began acting in the mid-1950s with small roles in films such as Simon and Laura (1955) and Three Men in a Boat (1956). She appeared with first husband David McCallum in five episodes of The Man from U.N.C.L.E.: "The Quadripartite Affair" (season 1, episode 3, 1964), "The Giuoco Piano Affair" (season 1, episode 7, 1964), "The Tigers Are Coming Affair" (season 2, episode 8, 1965), and a two-parter "The Five Daughters Affair" (season 3, episodes 28 & 29, 1967).

She appeared in 16 films with second husband Charles Bronson between 1970 and 1987, and was involved in two of Bronson’s other films as a producer. The last of these films, Assassination (1987), was her biggest role in terms of screen time, with Ireland playing the First Lady of the United States and Bronson a Secret Service agent assigned to protect her. During her marriage to Bronson, Ireland appeared in only one TV episode, one made-for-TV movie and one theatrical film that didn't star her husband.

Personal life
In 1957, Ireland married actor David McCallum, whom she met while working on Hell Drivers. They had two sons, Paul and Valentine, and adopted a third, Jason. McCallum and Ireland separated in 1965 and divorced in 1967. Jason McCallum died of a drug overdose in 1989.

In 1968, Ireland married Charles Bronson. She had met him when he and McCallum were filming The Great Escape (1963) some years earlier. Together they had a daughter, Zuleika, and adopted a daughter, Katrina. They remained married until Ireland's death in 1990.

Death and legacy
Ireland was diagnosed with breast cancer in 1984. After her diagnosis, Ireland wrote two books, chronicling her battle with the disease. At the time of her death, she was writing a third book and became a spokeswoman for the American Cancer Society. In 1988, she testified before the U.S. Congress about medical costs and was given the American Cancer Society's Courage Award by President Ronald Reagan.

In 1990, Ireland died of breast cancer at her home in Malibu, California. She was cremated and her ashes were placed in a walking cane which Charles Bronson had buried with him at Brownsville Cemetery when he died in 2003.

For her contribution to the film industry, Jill Ireland has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 6751 Hollywood Boulevard.

In 1991, Ireland was portrayed by Jill Clayburgh in the made-for-television film Reason for Living: The Jill Ireland Story. The film, which was based on Ireland's memoir Lifelines and listed her posthumously as an executive producer, received mixed reviews from critics. To prepare for the role, Clayburgh, who had never met Ireland, read Lifelines and listened to Ireland's recorded interviews.

Books

 * Life Wish: a Personal Story of Survival (1987) ISBN 0-515-09609-1, ISBN 0-316-10926-6
 * Lifeline: My Fight to Save My Family (1989) ISBN 0-7126-2531-3, ISBN 0-446-51480-2

title: Jill Ireland


text:
741st Tank Battalion (United States)

The 741st Tank Battalion was an independent tank battalion that participated in the European Theater of Operations with the United States Army in World War II. The battalion participated in combat operations throughout northern Europe until V-E Day. It was one of five tank battalions (all independent) that landed in Normandy on D-Day (6 June 1944). It landed on Omaha Beach supporting the 1st Infantry Division, but was attached to 2d Infantry Division on 15 June 1944, which it supported for most of the remainder of the war. The battalion played a key role in blunting the northern flank of the German attack during the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944. The 741st Tank Battalion advanced as far as Plzeň, Czechoslovakia by the end of the war.

The battalion was inactivated in October 1945, then briefly reactivated in 1949 as a reserve unit assigned to the 96th Infantry Division. It was withdrawn from the 96th Infantry Division and inactivated in 1952.

Organization
The 741st Tank Battalion followed the standard organization of a U.S. medium tank battalion during World War II. It consisted of a Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Service Company, three medium tank companies (Companies A, B, and C) and a light tank company (Company D).

The Headquarters Company included the battalion headquarters staff, both officers and enlisted men; an assault gun platoon, consisting of three Sherman tank variants armed with a short-barreled 105 mm assault gun, and an additional three assault guns nominally assigned to each medium tank company, but normally operating as a second gun section in the assault gun platoon; a mortar platoon, equipped with three half-track mounted 81 mm mortars; a reconnaissance platoon with five quarter-ton "peeps" (jeeps); and the headquarters tank section, consisting of two tanks, one each for the battalion commander and the operations officer. The assault gun platoon was frequently attached to the artillery of the division to which the battalion was attached, especially if the division had to revert to defense or static positions.

The Service Company included a headquarters section; a maintenance platoon; and a large battalion supply and transportation platoon, with over 30 trucks to provide logistics for the battalion.

Companies A, B, C, and D – the tank line companies, both medium and light, all followed the same table of organization. Each company consisted of a headquarters section which, along with a small headquarters staff, also included two tanks (one for the company commander and one for the executive officer); and three five-tank platoons. The medium tank companies were equipped with M4 Sherman tanks, while the light tank company was equipped with M5 Stuart tanks. All four companies had their own maintenance section, which included an M32 Tank Recovery Vehicle, built on a Sherman chassis. Because the Stuart carried a 4-man crew versus a 5-man crew on the Sherman, it had a somewhat smaller personnel strength than the medium tank companies. For the Normandy landings, Companies B and C were equipped with DD tanks. As virtually all these tanks were lost during the assault on D-Day, they were replaced with conventional M4 Shermans as soon as the battalion began receiving replacement equipment.

Activation and deployment
The 741st Tank Battalion was activated at Fort Meade, Maryland, on 15 March 1942. Its initial cadre was formed from members of the 751st Tank Battalion and complemented by draftees. The battalion criss-crossed the country as it moved from one training station to another developing its maneuver and gunnery skills. Training camps included Camp Young, California, Camp Polk, Louisiana, Camp Pickett, Virginia, and Camp Wellfleet, Massachusetts. At Camp Bradford, Virginia, it also began practicing amphibious training, including loading and unloading aboard Navy craft, and practice assault landings at Little Creek, Virginia and Solomons Island, Maryland.

Finally, in August 1943, the battalion arrived at Fort Dix, New Jersey, to make final pre-embarkations preparations. From there, the battalion moved to the embarkation station at Camp Shanks, and boarded the Capetown Castle, departing New York on 20 October 1943 and arriving at Liverpool, England on 2 November 1943.

The battalion continued its training in England, where it was selected to become part of the D-Day assault force. Training first with British Valentine tanks specially equipped with the duplex drive amphibious propulsion system beginning in January 1944, they later received similarly equipped M4s with which to continue training. The units loaded out their equipment in late May and waited in port for the final order for the assault landings.

D-Day landings and Normandy
For D-Day, the battalion was attached to the 1st Infantry Division to support the 16th Infantry Regimental Combat Team landings on Omaha Beach. Company A was equipped with Deep Wading M4 Sherman tanks, while Companies B and C were equipped with the amphibious Sherman DD tanks. Company D, equipped with M5 light tanks, and the battalion headquarters were not part of the initial landing force. The Company A tanks, along with a platoon of bulldozer-blade equipped Shermans, were brought ashore by LCTs, while the DD tanks were launched from about 6,000 yards offshore, which was considerably further out than originally planned, and in rougher seas than those in which the unit had trained, resulting in the loss of 27 of the 32 DD tanks before they reached shore. Only two of the launched DD tanks reached the beach; another three were carried ashore when their LCT was unable to lower its ramp at sea. By the end of D-Day, the battalion had three combat ready tanks; 48 had either been sunk or destroyed in combat. Personnel losses were nearly as high, with 45 men killed and another 60 wounded during the day's action. For its actions on Omaha Beach on 6–7 June, the battalion was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation.

After its initial assault and consolidation of the beachhead with the 1st Infantry Division in Normandy, the battalion was detached from the 1st Infantry Division on 15 June and attached to the 2nd Infantry Division. The initial coordination of the tanks with the infantry units as they began to fight inland in the bocage country of Normandy was not well executed and both infantry and tanks suffered casualties until the tactics and procedures of operating together were put in place. The tankers practiced with infantry and engineers at the platoon and tank/squad level for the remainder of June to perfect their techniques in working together. During this period, the battalion suffered numerous equipment losses due to tanks mired in the soft boggy soil; and personnel casualties as well, due to artillery barrages when the crews had to abandon the mired tanks.

Breakout
The 741st led the 2nd Infantry Division's assault on Hill 192 on 11–12 July in the breakout from Normandy. Hill 192, the dominant terrain east of St. Lô, had to be taken in order for the American forces to liberate St. Lõ and establish an organized front line from which to launch Operation Cobra. After taking Hill 192, the 2nd Infantry Division went on the defensive until the start of Operation Cobra. On 26 July, the 2nd Infantry Division, with the 741st Tank Battalion continuing to provide direct fire support, advanced slowly, anchoring the left flank of the main assault of Operation Cobra, which took place to the west of St. Lõ. The division and the 741st advanced together as far as Tinchebray before new orders temporarily sent them on divergent paths. The 2nd Infantry Division was withdrawn from the line in order to reduce the fortress at Brest while the 741st Tank Battalion reverted to 3rd Armored Group control, under whose direction the battalion raced across western France to the outskirts of Paris at Sceaux. On 27 August, it was attached to the 28th Infantry Division in order to participate with the division in the Liberation Day Parade through Paris on 29 August, a tumultuous procession around the Arc de Triomphe and down the Champs-Élysées just four days after the Germans had formally surrendered the city. After a brief two-day respite, the battalion was on the march again; this time through Compiègne, the Aisne valley and Belgian Luxembourg and into the Duchy of Luxembourg, reaching the West Wall in Germany by 9 September in the vicinity of Sevenig and Roscheid. On 2 October, the 741st Tank Battalion was relieved from attachment to the 28th Infantry Division and again attached to the 2nd Infantry Division, with which it remained until the end of the war.

Battle of the Bulge
In support of the 2nd and 99th Infantry Divisions, the 741st, along with a company of the 644th Tank Destroyer Battalion, was instrumental in helping hold the northern shoulder of the Bulge in vicious fighting in and around Rocherath-Krinkelt during the German Ardennes Offensive (Battle of the Bulge) in December 1944. By now battle-seasoned veterans, tankers from the battalion resisted repeated numerous hard-pressed attacks by spearheading elements of the SS-heavy Sixth Panzer Army from 16 to 19 December. Facing superior German Panther and Tiger tanks (among others) supported by infantry, the battalion fought many small unit engagements, deftly stalking the German tanks in twos and threes until they could destroy or immobilize them with shots from the flanks or rear. On 19 December, elements of the battalion were the rear guard of an orderly withdrawal from Rocherath-Krinkelt to positions behind Wirtzfeld to the west and northwest.

The resistance put up by the 2nd Infantry Division, along with the attached tanks and tank destroyers, thwarted the northern penetration of the German offensive, delaying their advance by three days, and caused them to side step to a less suitable road network, allowing allied reinforcements to prepare positions further to the west with which to blunt the attack. For their role at Rocherath, Companies A, B, and C of the 741st Tank Battalion were awarded the Presidential Unit Citation.

Advance into Germany
After the Battle of the Bulge, the battalion refitted and resupplied in the vicinity of Berg and Robertville, Belgium, still in support of the 2nd Infantry Division – A Company was attached to the 99th Infantry Division near Elsenborn, but it was soon returned to battalion control. Beginning on 15 January 1945, the battalion was gradually recommitted to combat operations in support of the 2nd Infantry Division as it once again began advancing eastward into Germany. In supporting the 2nd Infantry Division, the 741st Tank Battalion followed the division's path, entering Germany at Gemünd on 4 March 1945. It reached the Rhine at Bad Breisig on 10 March, and briefly guarded the bridge at Remagen from 12 to 20 March. The division took Göttingen on 8 April and Leipzig on 18 April. The battalion's tanks transported lead elements of the division some 200 miles from 1–3 May 1945 all the way to the Czech border, and had reached Plzeň, Czechoslovakia, by 6 May, two days before hostilities ended on 8 May.

Post war
The battalion was withdrawn to Germany and briefly took up occupation duties before returning to the United States. The unit arrived in New York on 25 October and was inactivated at Camp Kilmer, New Jersey, on 27 October 1945.

After several years as an inactive unit, on 1 February 1949, the battalion was redesignated as the 396th Heavy Tank Battalion and allotted to the U.S. Army Reserve. The battalion was activated at Spokane, Washington, on 5 March 1949 and assigned to the 96th Infantry Division. Despite the outbreak of the Korean War, the battalion was not called to active duty and, on 1 March 1952, was again redesignated as the 741st Tank Battalion and inactivated.

Unit awards and decorations

 * Presidential Unit Citation, 6–7 June 1944, War Department General Order 70–45.
 * Belgian Fourragère: 13–19 December 1944 and 19–30 December 1944, Department of the Army General Order 43–50.
 * Occupation Credit, 2 May – 4 June 1945, Germany.

title: 741st Tank Battalion (United States)


text:
User:Rooster613

Who is rooster613?
Rooster613 is Yonassan Gershom, a Breslov Hasid who lives in Sandstone, Minnesota, a small town about 100 miles north of Minneapolis. I was born in Berkeley, California in 1947, grew up in the Philadelphia area, and moved to Minnesota in 1973. My family and I currently live on a small 15-acre hobby farm, where we have chickens, geese, dogs, cats, and an organic garden. (No, there are no other Jews here except my family -- it's a long story. You can read more about our life here on my personal family farm page and on my blog.  (NOTE:  "rabbigershom.com" is NOT ME! It is some sleazy hyjacker using my name to defame me -- I have NOTHING TO DO WITH that site!)

I originally came to Wikipedia because somebody had linked one of my websites here. I checked it out and liked what I saw. I also noted that the Breslov Hasidism page left much to be desired at the time. So, I added more content there, and have been working on other Wikipedia pages related to Breslov and other forms of Judaism. I created the following pages:

 * Nathan of Nemirov
 * Yisroel Ber Odesser
 * Na Nach Nachma
 * Yisroel Halpern
 * Ani Maamin
 * The Rooster Prince
 * Young Israel
 * Lamedvavnik -- was a separate page but is now combined with Lamed Vav Tzadikim
 * Lionel Friedberg

To-do list:

 * Improve Levi Yitzchok of Berditchev stub.

 * Improve the page on the Jewish Peace Fellowship and link it to the pacifism page (actually, that page should have a section on Judaism under the religion section -- will do that also.)

A few brief facts about me (not to brag, but people do ask):

 * Professional writer with five books in print (Beyond the Ashes, From Ashes to Healing, Jewish Tales of Reincarnation, Jewish Themes in Star Trek, and Eight Candles of Consciousness: Essays on Jewish Nonviolence.  My work has been translated into seven languages (that I know of.)  My blog is at JewishThoreau.com.

 * Top Reviewer on Amazon.com

 * On Advisory Board of Jewish Vegetarians of North America(JVNA) since 2005

 * Master Gardener from 1995-2006 with the University of Minnesota.

That's all for now -- thank you for checking out my page here.

Why is my username rooster613?
Well, "613" refers to the 613 mitzvot or commandments in Orthodox Judaism. As for rooster, of course, that is a male chicken -- and also refers to a Breslov teaching parable, The Rooster Prince.

title: User:Rooster613


text: Talk:Flyer (pamphlet)

title: Talk:Flyer (pamphlet)


text:
Indian Key Historic State Park

Indian Key Historic State Park is an island within the Florida State Park system, located just a few hundred yards southeast of U.S. 1 within the Florida Keys. The island was home to the town of Indian Key, Florida in the middle of the 19th century but is now an uninhabited ghost town. It is frequently visited by tourists and is the subject of an archaeological project to uncover the historic building foundations.

The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.

History

 * See Indian Key, Florida

title: Indian Key Historic State Park


text:
Evangeline Adams

Evangeline Smith Adams (February 8, 1868 – November 10, 1932) was an American astrologer based in New York City. She ran a thriving astrological consulting business, gained widespread notability for successfully defending her astrological practice in court, and produced a number of popular books about astrology, including Astrology: Your Place in the Sun (1927), Astrology: Your Place Among the Stars (1930), and her autobiography, The Bowl of Heaven (1926). While Aleister Crowley ghostwrote her books on astrology, Adams is an acknowledged contributor to Crowley's own astrological text The General Practice of Astrology. She has been described as "America's first astrological superstar".

Biography
Adams was born on 8 February 1868 in Jersey City, New Jersey, to a conservative family. Her father died when she was 15 months old. Before Adams began working as an astrologer full-time, she became engaged to a Mr. Lord, who is believed to have been her employer. Although she said that she was initially in love with him, she reportedly lost her feelings for him and ended the engagement.

Thousands of subscribers to her astrological newsletter followed her advice to invest in stocks during the run-up to the Stock Market Crash of 1929. Evangeline Adams died in 1932.

Astrological practice and controversies
It was towards the end of her career that Adams took to publishing books and raising her profile within popular media. For most of her working life, she ran a thriving astrological practice based on consultation by person or mail. This grew to employ several assistants and stenographers. For a number of years Adams employed Crowley as a ghost-writer. Their business relationship eventually turned into an acrimonious one, which brought copyright issues of "who really wrote what", with regards to Crowley's General Principles of Astrology (now settled with the book being attributed to Crowley but with a recognized contribution by Adams). Adams was arrested three times in New York City for fortune telling, in 1911, 1914 and 1923. Although practicing astrology was not legal at that time, all the cases brought against her were unsuccessful. Her May 1914 trial was particularly notable due to the judge's acquittal "of all wrong doing" by Adams and praise of her skill, after she gave him an astrology reading describing the character of his son from his birth data.

Adams was well paid by her clients for her predictions. She was reputed to successfully predict changes in the stock market. However, author Carol Krismann noted that:

"Skeptics point out that Adams had no knowledge of economics and that her predictions were always fuzzy, foretelling disaster but not specific disasters, and telling that the market would go up when in fact the country was in a period of remarkable growth in the stock market. People who believed often forgot the erroneous predictions and used the ones that happened to come true to 'prove' that she was accurate." Adams' most infamous failed prediction was that the "stocks might climb to heaven" a few weeks before the 1929 crash. Investment analyst Kenneth Fisher has written that her few successful predictions were publicized whilst her misses were ignored by those desperate to believe. He described Adams as an "obvious quack with no real investment knowledge."

title: Evangeline Adams


text:
Talk:Limelight

Untitled
The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary gives the earliest use of "limelight" as the early 19th century, not the Middle Ages, and doesn't list any meaning having to do with lime in mass graves. Unless somebody has a source for the latter meaning, I'll delete it in a week or so. —JerryFriedman 14:48, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Greenlight
Is using greenlight and limelight synomously (sp?) incorrect? That Jason 04:19, 5 February 2007 (UTC)
 * It seems that way to me. Greenlight - meaning to give the go-ahead - doesn't seem to have any application to the idea of being the center of attention (in the sense that limelight is used). Limelight wasn't so-called because it had any resemblance to the color of the citrus fruit. - Tenmiles 04:00, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

Lime or Limestone
Does limelight use calcium oxide (lime) or calcium carbonate (limestone)? The text says calcium carbonate, but the diagram shows calcium oxide being used.

I don't know about this myth, but it could have been used as lighting up the limestone. Sounds crazy, but I only speak of what I have heard from Dr. Oz's show. P.S. Is it true? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.7.81.164 (talk) 02:58, 9 March 2011 (UTC)

It cannot be limestone. Limestone is calcium carbonate which would be decomposed by the heat of an oxy-hydrogen flame into quicklime, CaO, when carbon dioxide is driven off. Limestone is the raw material for the production of quicklime. — Preceding unsigned comment added by PEBill (talk • contribs) 04:19, 9 April 2011 (UTC)

The Danger of Limelight
I once went to a magic lantern show where the presenter stressed the dangerously flammable nature of limelight. If independent conformation can be found this should be mentioned in the article.--Teletran (talk) 18:51, 16 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Well, it does involve a very hot flame.... — Omegatron 00:05, 5 April 2008 (UTC)

Gas source
Where did the Victorians get the hydrogen and oxygen to operate magic lanterns and follow spots from? How was it stored and transported? 193.109.254.26 (talk) 15:41, 28 February 2013 (UTC) A very good question - who made the lime blocks, the lamps, the oxygen and hydrogen, and supplied and maintained them - there must have been a whole industry and supply chain all knowledge of which has been lost, and which apparently has no documentation; this is a subject ripe for in depth research.86.187.167.83 (talk) 23:47, 6 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Who says they used hydrogen and oxygen?? Did they not just use the same natural gas that that used for regular gas lighting at the time? Either way, hydrogen and oxygen had been isolated in their pure forms long before the Victorian era... Firejuggler86 (talk) 07:45, 27 April 2021 (UTC)

Nice page
To the point - well done. I might say it was quite illuminating. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.179.42.184 (talk) 09:13, 16 May 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Limelight


text:
Talk:Devi Das Nahar

Untitled
Could the person who just deleted all text in the article explain his/her behaviour? If there is anything specific in the article that you consider incorrect you may change that, but are actually claiming such a party didn't exist at all?

see  , etc.  --Soman 14:48, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Devi Das Nahar


text: User talk:80.97.12.10

title: User talk:80.97.12.10


text:
Ffa Coffi Pawb

Ffa Coffi Pawb (Welsh: "Everybody's Coffee Beans", phonetically Welsh: "Fuck Off, Everyone" ) was a band signed to Welsh music label, Ankst, active from 1986 to 1992.

The band was made up of singer and guitarist Gruff Rhys (later of Super Furry Animals), drummer Dafydd Ieuan (also later of Super Furry Animals), Rhodri Puw (later of Gorky's Zygotic Mynci) and Dewi Emlyn (later tour manager for Gorky's Zygotic Mynci and Super Furry Animals). One of the band's tracks, "Dacw Hi", was eventually covered by the Furries on their Welsh language album Mwng.

The band released three albums, Clymhalio, Dalec Peilon and Hei Vidal!. In 2004, a compilation drawn from their albums was released under the title Am Byth ("Forever") on the Placid Casual label, with renewed interest from the success of Super Furry Animals.

Discography

 * Studio albums
 * Dalec Peilon (1988)
 * Clymhalio (1991)
 * Hei Vidal! (1992)

 * Compilation albums
 * Am Byth (2004)

 * Singles
 * "Gwanwyn Yn Detroit" (1989)
 * "Cymryd y Pys" (1992)

title: Ffa Coffi Pawb


text:
Bob Anderson

Bob Anderson may refer to:

Sports

 * Bob Anderson (fencer) (1922–2012), swordmaster and stunt double for Darth Vader in the Star Wars films
 * Bob Anderson (footballer) (1924–1994), Scottish footballer
 * Bob Anderson (racing driver) (1931–1967), British Formula One driver and motorcycle racer
 * Bob Anderson (baseball) (1935–2015), Major League Baseball pitcher, 1957–1963
 * Bob Anderson (American football) (born 1938), member of the College Football Hall of Fame
 * Bob Anderson (wrestler) (born 1944), American wrestler
 * Bob Anderson (runner) (born 1947), founder of magazine Runner's World
 * Bob Anderson (darts player) (born 1947), world professional darts champion (1988) from England

Other

 * Bob Anderson (director) (born 1965), animation director for The Simpsons
 * Bob Anderson (engineer), one of the pioneers of the artificial cardiac pacemaker
 * Bob Anderson (Days of Our Lives), a character from Days of Our Lives
 * Bob Anderson (Canadian politician) (born 1939), Canadian politician
 * Bob Anderson (Mississippi politician) (1930–1998), American politician from Mississippi
 * Bob Anderson (entertainer), American singer and entertainer

title: Bob Anderson


text: Category:780s BC deaths

title: Category:780s BC deaths


text:
David McCallum Sr.

David Fotheringham McCallum (26 March 1897 – 21 March 1972) was the Scottish leader (principal first violinist) of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, the London Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Scottish National Orchestra. He was also the father of actor David McCallum and of author Iain McCallum.

Life and career
McCallum was born in Kilsyth, Stirlingshire, to a musical family. He studied at the Royal Scottish Academy of Music, Glasgow, and the Royal College of Music, London, where he studied under Maurice Sons, a pupil of Henryk Wieniawski and leader of the Queen's Hall Orchestra. He modelled his violin playing on Fritz Kreisler.

Early in his career, he arranged music for several local silent cinemas. He also played in the cinema trio; and it was here that he met his wife, cellist Dorothy Dorman.

In 1922, he broadcast as a solo violinist for the first time. Between 1932 and 1936, he led the Scottish Orchestra in Glasgow under John Barbirolli, then was asked by Sir Thomas Beecham to lead the London Philharmonic Orchestra in succession to Paul Beard, who had joined the BBC Symphony Orchestra.

During World War II, McCallum led the National Symphony Orchestra and played with the London Studio Players and the BBC's Overseas Music Unit. After the war, McCallum rejoined Beecham, this time as leader of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra. On the First American Tour of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra in 1950, Beecham fell ill. McCallum stood in as conductor, and his stint on the conductor's podium earned positive reviews.

He had several small roles in films. His hands are seen playing the violin for Stewart Granger in an uncredited role in The Magic Bow (1946). He played the blind fiddler in the film Last Holiday (1950), which starred Alec Guinness. He also appeared as himself in "Prelude to Fame".

In 1967, McCallum was one of 40 musicians assembled to perform on the Beatles' track "A Day in the Life". From 1961 to 1971, he was leader of Annunzio Mantovani's orchestra. At this time, his son David McCallum Jr. was at the height of his fame, prompting Mantovani to introduce his leader to audiences with the quip, "We can afford the father but not the son!" Indeed, McCallum Sr. played on several tracks arranged and conducted by his son which featured on the Capitol Records LPs Music...A Part of Me and Music...A Bit More of Me released in 1966.

McCallum Sr. died at Arundel in Sussex on 21 March 1972, five days before his 75th birthday.

Guitarist Jimmy Page credits McCallum with giving him the idea of playing his guitar with a violin bow according to MTV's Led Zeppelin rockumentary.

title: David McCallum Sr.


text:
Juan Zanotto

Juan Zanotto (Giovanni Zanotto, September 26, 1935 – April 13, 2005) was an Italian-born Argentine comic book artist who worked both in Europe and Argentina.

Biography
Born in Cuceglio, in the province of Turin (Piedmont), Zanotto moved with his family at age thirteen to Argentina. There he studied at the North American School of Art (later the Pan-American School of Art).

In 1953 he started to work at Editorial Codex where he worked on stories by other authors, and in subsequent years did adventure comics, westerns and drew early stories for Tatin and The Phantom.

In 1955, with writings by Alfredo Grassi, he created Ric de la Frontera, and that same year began working on El Mundo del hombre rojo (Indian legends of North America). In 1958 he began an association with the English publisher Fleetway. In 1965 he took the position of artistic director at Editorial Codex and did various covers and illustrations. In 1974 he became artistic director of Ediciones Record.

With Ray Collins (Eugenio Zappietro) he created the fanta-prehistoric Henga (Yor in Italian) using his and Diego Navarro's scripts (the 1983 film Yor, the Hunter from the Future was based on this graphic novel), the western Wakantanka with scripts by Héctor Germán Oesterheld, and the science fiction Bárbara (1979–1983) and Nueva York año cero (in 1984 for la EPC of Rome), both written by Ricardo Barreiro, Cronicas del Tiempo Medio ("Chronicles of the Middle Time") written by Emilio Balcarce and Penitenciario with scripts by Barreiro.

The United States publisher Eclipse Comics published Nueva York año cero and Crónicas del Tiempo Medio in the late 1980s. In 1991 he drew War Man, a graphic novel for Marvel Comics, written by Chuck Dixon and published in 2 parts in Heavy Hitters' Epic Comics. Falka, the continuation of Horizontes Perdidos of 1993, was Zanotto's first work also as a writer, and lasted until 2003.

Juan Zanotto died in 2005 in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Partial bibliography

 * Henga, el cazador (1974, written by Ray Collins)
 * Wakantanka (1976, written by Héctor Germán Oesterheld)
 * Barbara (1979, written by Ricardo Barreiro)
 * Nueva York año cero (1984, written by Ricardo Barreiro)
 * Cronicas del Tiempo Medio (written by Emilio Balcarce)
 * Penitenciario (1989, written by Ricardo Barreiro)
 * Horizontes Perdidos (Falka, 1993)
 * Los Ladrones del Tiempo, (1998)

title: Juan Zanotto


text: Category:Arabian deities

title: Category:Arabian deities


text:
Talk:Flying Fish Brewing

Fair use rationale for Image:FlyingFishBrewery.png
Image:FlyingFishBrewery.png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 05:42, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Flying Fish Brewing


text:
Henry Ford College

Henry Ford College (HFC) is a public community college in Dearborn, Michigan. The institution, established in 1938 by the Dearborn Fordson Public Schools Board of Education, is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. The institution was originally named Fordson Junior College. It adopted the name Dearborn Junior College in 1946, then Henry Ford Community College (HFCC) in 1952, after the Henry Ford Trade School which closed and whose assets were transferred to the Dearborn School Board of Education. The name was changed to Henry Ford College in 2014.

History
Henry Ford Community College began operations at Fordson High School. The college initially held classes in the Fordson basement.

In the most recent academic year, Henry Ford enrolled more than 17,000 students (13,000 per semester) and had nearly 1,000 employees, including full-time and part-time.

As a public institution, the school gets support from several sources: state appropriations, student tuition and fees, local Dearborn School District property taxes, auxiliary activities, and both state and local grants.

Academics
Today, HFC offers a bachelor's degree in Culinary Arts and Hospitality and many associate degrees and certificate programs in a wide variety of liberal arts, fine arts, culinary arts, business, STEM, and health science disciplines, in addition to skilled trades programs (see separate section below). The college also has a Center for Lifelong Learning which offers non-credit courses for personal enrichment or professional development. Other offerings include an honors program named for Henry Ford II and a chapter of Phi Theta Kappa (Alpha Xi Mu chapter). It also holds discipline-specific accreditations for many programs.

In addition to courses held on campus, HFC offers to students more than 450 online courses as well as hybrid courses, which split classroom time with online instruction. These courses provide an option for students who cannot, or do not wish to, commute to campus.

HFC guarantees that credits earned at its institution will be accepted in transfers to four-year colleges. HFC also uses the Michigan Transfer Agreement which transfers credits (within the requirements of the MTA) to all participating institutions. The college also guarantees to refund all tuition increases to any student who graduates within four years of starting a program.

Athletics
Henry Ford's intercollegiate sports teams include men's baseball, basketball, golf and wrestling, and women's basketball, softball, golf, and volleyball. The school also has a nationally-recognized club roller hockey program, and several intramural teams.

Campuses
Henry Ford offers classes on two campuses in Dearborn, Michigan. The main campus is located on the southwest corner of Ford Road and Evergreen, just north of the University of Michigan-Dearborn campus. The East Campus is home to two buildings - HFC's Michigan Technical Education Center (M-TEC) and the state-of-the-art School of Nursing Building. East Campus is located on Schaefer Road just north of Rotunda.

title: Henry Ford College


text:
Talk:John Fahey (musician)

personal comment

 * I worked with John for a few months in 1999 to shortly before his death. First as tour manager on his UK tour in 1999 and then getting some bookings for him in the USA and Canada.
 * John was a hero, a great guitarist and a really nice person, once you got past his prickly exterior.
 * I wrote something about him on my website http://www.pkmusicstuff.co.uk/fahey.html.
 * It sums up what I think about John and his music.
 * Fare Forward Voyager!
 * Paul Kelly —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

miscellaneous
Minor Edit, added American Primitivism and wikified Takoma.Felix-felix 21:15, 11 January 2006 (UTC)

Needs something adding about Fahey's often bizarre humour and prickly relationship with the "folk revival". —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

12 Feb : Note : I removed the following phrase: "including the extremely obscure but influential Blind Joe Reynolds (who recorded one 78 with Paramount in 1929)," as it isn't true, and even if it was, why pick out one of the dozens of influential 78s Fahey immersed himself in? P Bryant —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

5 Oct 2010: There is very little discussion of Fahey's guitar style and music as such. The article could be improved by such an addition. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 168.98.67.23 (talk) 13:24, 5 October 2010 (UTC)

Asperger's Syndrome?
There has been quite a lot of discussion among those who knew him about whether John Fahey had Aperger's Syndrome. I knew him back in Berkeley during the early 1960s and in retrospect, i think that this was part of his oddness, and that the drinking may have been his way to subdue his social awkwardness. Look at the videos of the 1969 interview with Laura Weber (currently on youtube) and notice his lack of eye contact, inability to take or make a joke, flat literalness of speech, strangely skewed head movements ... then fast forward to the 1978 Hamburg concert -- by then his drinking had bloated him, but he was still doing very weird things with his head and body and making no social gstures at all. When i knew him, he was not only strange but he drank a lot, and so i also think that delaying any mention of his drinking problem until the "later years" section as it is now on the page is bogus. Anyway, think about the Asperger's thing, whoever is writing this bio, because it explains a lot more than mere alcoholism does, when you put it all in place. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

Zabriskie Point?
This article lists the Zabriskie Point soundtrack album as a Fahey recording, but the link to the Zabriskie Point reference doesn't list any Fahey cuts, nor even mention his name.

In Fahey's book "How Bluegrass Music Destroyed My Life" he claims to have recorded a significant amount of music for this film, most of which was left out of the film after he "punched out" Antonioni. But he also claims that about 2 minutes of his music was left in the film.

This raises a couple of questions: 1) Which music in the film is Fahey's, and why isn't it credited in the CD notes?   2) What happened to the more extensive music he originally recorded for the film?

The first question is, I think, directly relevant to this article, since it does list the film soundtrack as having a Fahey association. The second is of potentially great interest to Fahey fans whom I'm certain would love to hear 20-30 minutes of new, heretofor lost Fahey music.

Anyone have any insights on these questions?

 * I have no insight on if this is true or not, but since there is no citation for the soundtrack info, I guess it should be removed. Airproofing (talk) 22:28, 21 September 2009 (UTC)
 * Edit: I see now that "Dance of Death" by John Fahey is in the track listing. Airproofing (talk) 22:32, 21 September 2009 (UTC)
 * The Wiki article on Zabriskie Point has a citation for the Fahey music that was left in the film. It is, indeed, part of has "Dance of Death".  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.95.43.249 (talk) 23:13, 11 February 2014 (UTC)

Documentaries
I tagged the documentary info for citation. It appears there is some discussion about the Minsker film here so I thought maybe both should be tagged for reference. Airproofing (talk) 17:34, 8 March 2010 (UTC)

Sourcing for Grammy
The link for Awardrainbow.com is not a suitable link to source Fahey's Grammy award. I replaced it with a link to the correct year at Grammy.com, but I could not link to the exact Notes page. Flowanda | Talk 09:09, 22 August 2010 (UTC)

Pronunciation of surname
I have heard it pronounced both "John Fay" and "John Fah-hee" recently. I think it might be worth including the IPA pronunciation in the article. NotFromUtrecht (talk) 00:09, 17 December 2011 (UTC)

- I have also heard it as FAY-hee; is this reliable? > Kyle C. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.169.248.254 (talk) 21:32, 4 November 2019 (UTC)

Labels
Why isn't Revenant included among the other labels mentioned under the heading "Labels" under Background Information? Revenant was the label of his last recording, Red Cross, as discussed in the text. JCNSmith (talk) 03:20, 24 October 2012 (UTC)

Autobiography?
The opening section states, "Fahey wrote a largely apocryphal autobiography..." Really? What is the name of that alleged autobiography, or who published it, or where can it be obtained?

I've followed Fahey's carreer since the mid 1970s, and this is the first I've seen anywhere refering to an autobiography. If some reference for this statement can't be produced, it probably should be removed from the article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.95.43.249 (talk) 01:07, 10 April 2013 (UTC)
 * I've removed the line about the alleged autobiography, as no citation for, nor information about such a work has been forthcoming. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.95.43.249 (talk) 23:17, 11 February 2014 (UTC)

 * This is undoubtedly referring to "How Bluegrass Music Destroyed My Life," which Amazon describes as "a collection of fictional but semi-autobiographical stories" by Fahey. Vandemark (talk) 19:35, 17 April 2014 (UTC)

 * "How Bluegrass Music Destroyed My Life" is a collection of short stories. Whether the stories contain autobiographical elements or not, a collection of short stories is not an "autobiography".  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.95.43.249 (talk) 22:48, 19 May 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Birthplace
What is this article's source for saying that Fahey was born in Washington, D.C.? Other sources, including the New York Times obituary, say he was born in Takoma Park, Md. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Rockettemorton (talk • contribs) 01:36, 18 July 2016 (UTC)

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John Fahey and Monroe's recording of "Blue Yodel Number Seven"
Curiously, though the entry’s author cites Fahey’s, How Bluegrass Music Destroyed My Life, he recounts a different version than Fahey’s about listening to a Monroe recording and its impact on his life. It seems to me that Fahey’s own account should be taken over a secondary source like the article from Washington City Paper that the entry cites. Fahey credited a record search trip with Spottswood, and the later’s subsequent playing of the Monroe recording of "Blue Yodel Number Seven" with altering the course of his life. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Worldviewman1974 (talk • contribs) 03:16, 17 October 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:John Fahey (musician)


text: Category:811 BC deaths

title: Category:811 BC deaths


text:
Talk:Foreign exchange market

Untitled
"Such day-long access to foreign exchange allows traders the luxury of dealing after normal hours or even during national holidays in their country of residence."

The 24 hour nature of FX makes it one of the most dynamic and difficult markets to be in. Is that not a pain more than a luxury? Herstatt Risk and troubles from the Herstatt Bank are well known lessons. doles 14:54, 2005 Apr 21. (UTC)

The bloomberg quote
The bloomberg quote is not an add for bloomberg, but a record of how much the forex market has grown, it is very pertinant stuff. Explain why someone tried to take it out?

Futures vs. Spot
There needs to be some clarification on these pages. Retail Forex Trading is done primarily on the SPOT market, not the Futures market. This is an important distinction because the two markets act very differently. Futures is typically 3 month delivery, while spot is 2 day (or even almost immediate, where a trader can open and close trades within seconds), futures have no market makers of last resort, while Retail Forex companies serve as market makers. Futures leverage is usually not extended past 20:1, while in Forex it is not uncommon to see 200:1 or even 400:1.

New Link
There have been innumerable ads for commercial retail forex brokers added to this article which seems to be completely against wikipedia policy. The current links may be pared down a little too much, but the above is a good reason for erring on the side of being conservative. So the "Non Profit Forex Training Society" link which seems to claim that it is offering free historical data would probably fit in - if in fact it is a good link. However, all that I can get is an "Entry" page where the links to the "goodies" don't work. If it doesn't turn out to be what it claims to be - I'll definitely remove it. Smallbones

 * Reply: Having problems with the host. Will get the historical documents on soon.

Spam
I haven't been back in a while but I noticed two things. First, someone posted the name of a non-dealing desk broker. There are only four or five in existence from what I can gather so the mention of one to the exclusion of all others would be a clear commercial endorsement so I deleted it. Second (and I didn't take time to check who deleted it and for what reason) there was a reference to stop hunting that has been removed. Perhaps the reference belongs on the forex scams page but it does provide some valuable perspective. I'll go with the group's judgement on this. Reference was made to a non-commercial blog which I won't cite here. Mcduffodonnell01

Milton Friedman views
What's the source of that section?Which book or article he said that?

Why do you keep reverting it to an old edition
My additions were all factual and I feel, very helpful for someone trying to understand the Forex market. If you want to change it please let me understand why

Randomly adding specific retail forex brokers
Please do not randomly add the names of retail forex brokers, that is considered an advertisement

David Krutz and his thoughts
"According to David Krutz from the Financial Times website (Published: October 9 2006 20:48) "The foreign exchange market will have doubled in size in just three years next year, thanks to increased participation by fund managers and pension funds, says research out on Monday". TowerGroup, a financial services research consultancy, said it expected total global average daily volumes on the FX market to exceed $3,000bn in 2007. FX volumes, which rose from $1,770bn in 2004 to $2,000bn in 2005, were set to rise to $2,600bn in 2006 and $3,600bn for 2007, as foreign exchange became accepted as an asset class in its own right according to TowerGroup"

Guys, I suggest to wait for the 2007 BIS study and speak about the facts. I'll remove this info, nevertheless it is still available here, in the Discussion section.

Soviet Bloc
I don't have Wikipedia editor authority anymore, but I think it's important in this article to note that during the cold war, Soviet bloc currencies were completely walled off. In other words, there were two world currency markets and the only means of exchange between the was barter: stolychniya vodka for pepsi distallate, the export by Charles Mackerras of musical scores, and the obvious oil or munitions. This goes to the heart of what money/currency actually is: a store of wealth backed by the effort of groups/governments to appropriate it (commonly in property taxes - something that makes no sense in a communal society - or the potential work of armies required to approprate the wealth of another nation, etc.). Because this article focuses an markets even though it concerns money, it doesn't address the general ignorance of Economists and the public about money and monetary policies.

title: Talk:Foreign exchange market


text:
Mercedes-Benz 280

Mercedes-Benz has sold a number of automobiles with the "280" model name:
 * 1959–1968 W111
 * 1967–1971 280SE Coupe & Cabrio
 * 1969–1971 280SE 3.5 Coupe & Cabrio
 * 1968–1971 W113
 * 1968–1971 280SL
 * 1968–1973 W108
 * 1968–1972 280SEL
 * 1968–1972 280SE
 * 1969–1971 280S
 * 1971–1973 280SEL 3.5 (& 4.5 - North America only)
 * 1971–1973 280SE 3.5 (& 4.5 - North America only)
 * 1972–1976 W114
 * 1972–1976 280
 * 1973–1976 280C + 280CE
 * 1975–1980 W116
 * 1975–1976 280S
 * 1977–1980 280SE + SEL
 * 1977–1981 W123
 * 1977–1981 280E
 * 1975/12–1986/01 W123
 * 1975/12–1981/07 280
 * 1975/12–1985/12 280E
 * 1977/04–1980/03 280C
 * 1977/04–1985/08 280CE
 * 1978/05–1986/01 280TE
 * 1994 W202
 * 1994 C280

title: Mercedes-Benz 280


text: Category:810s BC deaths

title: Category:810s BC deaths


text: User talk:196.7.44.9

title: User talk:196.7.44.9


text:
Template talk:GBvosi

Creates a link to the excellent maps at old-maps.co.uk.

The template name means:

Parameters

 * e, n - Eastings and Northings for the centre of the map - in metres. Leading zeroes optional. All digits are significant - a one metre change generates a different map.
 * txt - link text - may be left null or blank
 * The following parameter was used in an earlier version of the template and is now obsolete. It may still be found in old links and may be left in place.

 * cty - County Code (not used)

How to create

 * 1) Go to http://www.old-maps.co.uk and select "Maps" from the menu bar.
 * 2) Enter a location in the search box - this can be a town, street address or postcode.
 * 3) Select the best match from the matches list box.
 * 4) Note the northings and eastings from the coordinates boxes above the map.
 * 5) *If the map is not quite centred on the area required, use the navigation arrows on the border of the image box to move the map. The coordinates will update as you do so.
 * 6) Add a explanation in the txt parameter.
 * 7) *The date can be included in the link or article text - but see note below regarding the reliability of the dates.

Dates
It looks, and is, more professional to quote a date rather than saying something like this Victorian OS map. However dates should be marked as only approximate for several reasons:

On the website, old-maps have created an audit trail back to the dates of the individual paper sheets they have used (each county needed a few dozen sheets). As you pan across the map display, you may see the date change, usually from one year to a range then back to one year. Where a range is shown, this means that the map on display is derived from two or more of the underlying sheets - the "stitch lines" between them are usually obvious at the largest scale. By judicious panning, keeping the point of interest in view, it is possible to get a single date shown which is the one to quote.

Even then the date is only the publication date as printed on the map, not the date of the survey. Before 1866, railways were sometimes added without changing the publication date. Conversely, the map may have been updated with important changes, such as railways, but other new developments are not shown.

Not Working
It appears that this template isn't working; maybe old maps have changed their URLs? Andy Mabbett 09:52, 11 April 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, it looks like the old maps site has had a revamp... it is no longer as useful as it used to be. This template should probably be marked as obsolete. —Jeremy (talk) 14:01, 19 August 2007 (UTC)

Now Working Again

 * I've fixed the template to use a new URL which now links to a whole collection of maps for the specified area. I can't claim credit for this as I discovered the new linking format at Old Ordnance Survey Maps. The county parameter appears to be no longer necessary. --DavidCane 16:41, 21 August 2007 (UTC)

title: Template talk:GBvosi


text:
User:Zigmar/test page

test page for Zigmar
nothing interesting here

title: User:Zigmar/test page


text:
Awesom-O

"Awesom-O" is the fifth episode in the eighth season of the American animated television series South Park. The 116th episode overall, the second in production order of Season 8 instead of the fifth, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on April 14, 2004. The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker.

In the episode, Cartman masquerades as a robot, named AWESOM-O, in an attempt to gain Butters' trust, hoping he can convince Butters to tell him secrets he can use to embarrass Butters. While Butters is thrilled to have found a new best friend, Hollywood is after the phony robot to develop their next big blockbuster and the U.S. Army believes AWESOM-O is a new secret weapon.

Plot
Cartman plays a prank on Butters by disguising himself in a crude cardboard suit as a robot named "A.W.E.S.O.M.-O 4000" and by putting himself in a crate "from Japan" on Butters's doorstep. Cartman "befriends" Butters while in the robot suit just to discover Butters' most embarrassing secrets, which will allow Cartman to blackmail him and/or embarrass him in school. Butters falls for the trick and reveals highly embarrassing personal secrets. However, just as Cartman is about to reveal his identity, Butters mentions that he himself knows one of Cartman's secrets: Butters has a videotape of Cartman doing a Britney Spears dance routine to a life-sized cutout of Justin Timberlake while dressed as her and making out with the cutout, which he plans to show to his classmates the next time Cartman plays a prank on him.

Cartman, terrified of Butters' revenge plan, searches desperately for the tape (while still in disguise), but to no avail. Cartman soon begins to starve because Butters believes that he does not need to eat since he is a robot. Butters also forces the robot to do all his chores for him, including some of the more unpleasant tasks. With the agreement of Ms. Cartman, who is willing to temporarily let her son off punishment for trying to exterminate the Jews two weeks prior, Butters' parents (knowing who AWESOM-O really is, but thinking it is an elaborate game that Butters is participating in) decide to let Cartman come along with Butters on a trip to Los Angeles to see his aunt. Cartman realizes that he will have to accompany Butters on the journey in order to keep up his disguise. Upon arriving, he is so hungry and worn out after wearing the suit for a whole airplane ride, so he makes up an excuse to use the bathroom and proceeds to eat toothpaste.

During their visit to Catamount Pictures, two movie producers find out about the "robot" and decide to hire him to create movie ideas. Cartman, as the robot, comes up with over two thousand terrible, nonsensical film concepts (800 of which would star Adam Sandler), which the movie producers all find brilliant. To make matters worse for Cartman, the fortune he makes from the movie ideas is donated to charity by Butters, who believes that AWESOM-O does not need the money. Meanwhile, the U.S. military hears about AWESOM-O and decides to capture it and make it into a weapon. Cartman flees the movie studio in panic after a film producer tries to engage in sexual activity with him, thinking that he may also be a "pleasure model". The military captures Cartman by shocking him and conveying him to a secret base.

Cartman tries to explain that he is really just a kid. Still, the military believes he is a robot with artificial intelligence enabling him to think like a human, going so far as to possess the memories of a nonexistent eight-year-old child. A scientist, moved by this, attempts to save Cartman, who is about to reveal that he is a human when Butters shows up to rescue him. He must maintain his disguise, allowing the military to kill the rebellious scientist. Butters pleads with the military to spare AWESOM-O, and the general is touched. Just as it appears he will get off undetected, Cartman accidentally farts, and his attempts to cover it up cause everyone, including Butters, to suspect and finally discover his true identity.

Butters carries out his promise and shows the video to the whole town, the movie producers, and the military at a special screening. The whole audience laughs, except for Cartman, who is humiliated.

Production
"Awesom-O" has one of the shortest production cycles in South Park's history, being produced in just three days while series co-creators Trey Parker and Matt Stone attended a wedding in Hawaii. In the days leading up to the initial airing, commercials that ran on Comedy Central teased a plot that would see a return of Lemmiwinks from Season 6's The Death Camp of Tolerance in the upcoming episode. However, as the air date neared, this promo was changed to reflect the plot of "Awesom-O" instead. The episode starts with a cold open stating that the return of Lemmiwinks will "not be seen tonight" because of "tragic events in Hawaii". Lemmiwinks would later make a return in the Season 15 episode Bass to Mouth instead.

The name of Cartman's robotic alter ego is derived from Honda's ASIMO humanoid robot.

The song "Let Me Tell You About My Robot Friend" sung by Butters in the episode is a parody rendering of "Girlfriend" by Harry Nilsson.

Parker and Stone have since spoken positively of the episode, selecting it as one of their 15 favorites in the show's run. Parker reflected, "We were trying to think of a situation to put a kid in that felt really original. So Cartman is trying to f--- Butters and he gets stuck in this robot costume. There are so many great Cartman/Butters episodes. That's definitely one of them." Stone highlighted the scene where "Cartman is starving and he eats toothpaste" as one of the best in the show's run.

Home media
"Awesom-O", along with the thirteen other episodes from South Park's eighth season, was released on a three-disc DVD set in the United States on August 29, 2006. The set includes brief audio commentaries by Parker and Stone for each episode. The episode was also released on the 2-disc DVD collection A Little Box of Butters.

title: Awesom-O


text: User talk:169.139.125.2

title: User talk:169.139.125.2


text: Category:770s BC deaths

title: Category:770s BC deaths


text:
List of airports in the Ottawa area

The following active airports serve the area around Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, lying under or adjacent to Ottawa's terminal control area:

Scheduled commercial airline service

Other
Macdonald-Cartier handles all of the scheduled passenger service for Ottawa, in addition to a large amount of general aviation and some military traffic. The remaining airports serve almost exclusively general aviation. Macdonald-Cartier, Gatineau, Carp, Smiths Falls, and Arnprior have instrument approaches and winter maintenance for year-round, all-weather operations.

title: List of airports in the Ottawa area


text:
Talk:Brigham Young University–Idaho

This is a college, not a university
ChristensenMJ recently reverted my edits that corrected this article where it labels this institution a "university." This is a college. It doesn't offer any graduate degrees, the traditional definition used in the United States for a university. Moreover, it's classified among "Baccalaureate Colleges: Diverse Fields" by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education and ranked among "Regional Colleges West" by U.S. News & World Report.

The name of the institution does not determine what it is. Just as Dartmouth College is a university, BYU-Idaho is a college. ElKevbo (talk) 05:21, 20 January 2022 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the thoughts, ElKevbo. It may be helpful to this discussion to provide for editors to provide reference points which state that an institution has to, or traditionally has been thought to have to, offer graduate programs as the sole criteria to be identified as a university.  If one reviews this list, cited above for BYU-Idaho by U.S. News & World Report, it will identify many colleges and universities, including some which offer graduate degrees and some which do not.  Although certainly not definitive, this article], also from U.S. News, tries to disaggregate the differences - including the idea that colleges are often smaller institutions, rather than one serving tens of thousands of students (which also by itself isn't a factor of determination).  The thought here is primarily to note that saying an institution has to offer graduate programs in order to be identified as a university seems sparse in its parameter. ChristensenMJ (talk) 18:01, 20 January 2022 (UTC)

 * Fundamentally our own opinions don't matter very much but if you're curious then our university article discusses this, particularly in the "Classification" section. The important thing is that the authoritative sources that have examined this issue have clearly documented their classification of this institution as a college. ElKevbo (talk) 00:56, 21 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Brigham Young University–Idaho


text: User talk:166.109.0.214

title: User talk:166.109.0.214


text:
The Jordanaires

The Jordanaires were an American vocal quartet that formed as a gospel group in 1948. Over the years, they recorded both sacred and secular music for recording companies such as Capitol Records, RCA Victor, Columbia Records, Decca Records, Vocalion Records, Stop Records, and many other smaller independent labels.

In the mid-1950s, with a lineup of Gordon Stoker (first tenor), Neal Matthews (second tenor and lead vocals), Hoyt Hawkins (baritone and lead vocals), and Hugh Jarrett (bass vocals), they also began lending their vocal talents to other artists as background singers in recording sessions. They are widely known for having provided background vocals for Elvis Presley in live appearances, recordings, and feature films from 1956 to 1970. Jarrett was replaced by then-teacher Ray Walker in 1958. The group worked in the recording studio, on stage, and on television with many country, gospel, and rock and roll artists.

They also provided background vocals using the names the Gordonaires (a play on the name of the group's first tenor Gordon Stoker), the Merry Melody Singers, and the Almanac Singers, sometimes using different personnel.

Early years
In 1948, Monty and Bill Matthews left. Hawkins switched to baritone, and new lead Neal Matthews was recruited. Don Bruce came in as a new first tenor, but he was drafted the next year. The group narrowed to a quartet, with Gordon Stoker taking over as first tenor. They became members of the Grand Ole Opry in 1949. They recorded for Capitol Records in the early 1950s, and began providing vocal accompaniment behind solo singers in Nashville, Tennessee.

The quartet became well known in the Southern gospel genre, and what made them stand out from other quartets of that time was how they would bring spirituals (such as "Dry Bones") to a predominantly white audience. While continuing to turn out gospel albums of their own, the group became better known for the signature background harmonies they provided on dozens of secular records.

Sister Rosetta Tharpe toured with the vocal group the Jordanaires in the late forties and early fifties, one of the first multiracial gospel pairings.

Patsy Cline
The group appeared on all of Patsy Cline's Decca sessions from her first in November 1960 to her last in February 1963, during which time they backed her on songs such as:

 * "A Poor Man's Roses (Or a Rich Man's Gold)"
 * "Always"
 * "Blue Moon of Kentucky"
 * "Crazy"
 * "Crazy Arms"
 * "Faded Love"
 * "Foolin' Around"
 * "Half as Much"
 * "Have You Ever Been Lonely (Have You Ever Been Blue)?"
 * "Heartaches"
 * "I Can't Help It (If I'm Still in Love with You)"
 * "I Fall to Pieces"
 * "Leavin' on Your Mind"
 * "Love Letters in the Sand"
 * "San Antonio Rose"
 * "Seven Lonely Days"
 * "She's Got You"
 * "Someday (You'll Want Me to Want You)"
 * "South of the Border (Down Mexico Way)"
 * "Sweet Dreams"
 * "That's My Desire"
 * "The Wayward Wind"
 * "True Love"
 * "Walkin' After Midnight" (1961 recording)
 * "You Belong to Me"
 * "You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)"
 * "Your Cheatin' Heart"

After Elvis and Cline
The group changed again in 1982, when Hoyt Hawkins died. His replacement was Duane West, formerly of Sonny James' backup group, the Southern Gentlemen. In 1990, the group provided backing vocals for Presley's former Sun Records labelmate Johnny Cash on his Mercury Records album Boom Chicka Boom. The group also recorded with the Swedish group Vikingarna.

Deaths
Hugh Jarrett died at 78 on May 31, 2008, from injuries sustained in an auto accident in March.

Gordon Stoker died at 88 at his Brentwood, Tennessee, home on March 27, 2013, after a long illness. His son Alan confirmed that The Jordanaires were formally dissolved, per his father's wishes.

Unreleased recordings featuring the Jordanaires continue to be released. In 2023, Dolly Parton's Rockstar album was released, which features a previously recorded version of "I Dreamed About Elvis" featuring the quartet. Parton performed this song in concert as early as 2007.

Classic lineup

 * Hoyt Hawkins – baritone and lead vocals, piano, organ, percussion (1949–1980; died 1982)
 * Neal Matthews Jr. — second tenor and lead vocals, rhythm guitar, lead guitar, double bass, bass guitar (1949–2000; died 2000)
 * Gordon Stoker – tenor vocals, piano, organ, percussion (1951–2013; died 2013)
 * Ray Walker – bass vocals (1958–2013)

Other members

 * Bill Matthews – vocals (1948–1949)
 * Monty Matthews – vocals (1948–1949)
 * Bob Hubbard – vocals (1948–1949)
 * Culley Holt – bass vocals (1949–1954)
 * Bob Money – piano (1949–1951)
 * Don Bruce – first tenor vocals (1949–1950)
 * Hugh Jarrett – bass vocals (1954–1958; died 2008)
 * Duane West – baritone vocals (1980–1999; died 2002)
 * Louis Nunley – baritone vocals (1999–2013)
 * Curtis Young – lead vocals (2000–2013)

Session appearances
The Jordanaires performed with many modern recording artists, as well as recent sessions with country musicians.
 * 1957: Ricky Nelson's "Poor Little Fool", "Lonesome Town", "It's Late", "I Believe What You Say" and other hit recordings
 * 1959: Several tracks on Johnny Cash's albums The Fabulous Johnny Cash and Songs of our Soil, the 1978 album I Would Like to See You Again and others
 * 1962: Faron Young's 1962 single "The Comeback"
 * 1964: Cliff Richard's 1965 singles "The Minute You're Gone", "Wind Me Up (Let Me Go)", "On My Word" and a few other album and EP tracks
 * 1970: Ringo Starr's second solo album, Beaucoups of Blues
 * 1971: Gordon Lightfoot's "Summer Side of Life"
 * 1973: Bobby Bare's hit single "Ride Me Down Easy"
 * 1975: Jack Jersey two albums I Wonder (a live album) and Honky Tonk Man
 * 1975: Gary Stewart's RCA debut Out of Hand, that spawned three top ten hits including the "She's Acting Single"
 * 1980: Don McLean's album Chain Lightning
 * 1981: Don McLean's album Believers
 * 1981: On several tracks for Gene Summers' LP Gene Summers in Nashville
 * 1984: Dolly Parton's song "Save The Last Dance For Me" on the album The Great Pretender
 * 1985: Four songs by The Blasters' from their album Hard Line including "Samson and Delilah"
 * 1988: Appeared in Sawyer Brown's music video "My Baby's Gone"
 * 1993: "Bigger Than Elvis" on Chicago's album titled Chicago XXXII: Stone of Sisyphus, recorded in 1993 and published in 2008
 * 1996: Ween's album 12 Golden Country Greats
 * 1997: On "Who'll Be The One If Not Me" for the off-Broadway musical Violet
 * 1998: On "You Better Move On" and "Tomorrow Night" on Sugar Ray Norcia's album Sweet & Swingin'
 * 1999: Began their collaborative work with Art Greenhaw, which resulted in a Grammy Award for Best Southern, Country or Bluegrass Gospel Album for We Called Him Mr. Gospel Music: The James Blackwood Tribute Album (2003), and six Grammy nominations for Best Album of the Year in a gospel category for other album titles, including The Great Gospel Hit Parade (2001), God Is Love (2002), Always Hear The Harmony (2004), 20th Century Gospel (2005) and Southern Meets Soul (2006) AllMusic noted about the 20th Century Gospel album that "Greenhaw's manly baritone is warm and inviting, and when backed by vocal-group legends the Jordanaires ("Gospel Woman," "Welcome to My World"), the resultant sound suggests the glory days of Elvis Presley and Jim Reeves."
 * 2002: Sang with The Tractors' Steve Ripley
 * 2006: The Grascals album Long List of Heartaches, on the song "Did You Forget God Today?"
 * 2006–07: Friends of Henry Golis Wish You A Merry Christmas with the Jordanaires, and Henry Golis Presents Good Music With Friends featuring the Jordanaires
 * 2007: Appeared with the Christian pop band Chicago's Band of Praise on the songs "Between You & Me" and "Live Like A King" on the album A Road Less Traveled written by Howard Stanley
 * 2007: "Save Your Dreams" by Americana artist Shark
 * 2009: Today, Tomorrow & Forever EP by Pete Molinari
 * 2010: Last Night In Nashville album by The Kingmakers
 * 2011: Kristin Chenoweth's Some Lessons Learned, on "What Would Dolly Do"
 * 2023: Dolly Parton's “I Dreamed About Elvis” (credited to “Dolly Parton with Ronnie McDowell and special guests The Jordanaires”) from Parton's 2023 album Rockstar. While released in 2023, the song was recorded at some point prior to 2013, when Gordon Stoker died and when the group disbanded.

title: The Jordanaires


text:
Talk:Sherman DD

I suspect that we are better off merging this with DD tank. There isn't enough difference between the two to warrent two articles. DJ Clayworth 15:01, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Agreed Bluemoose 15:02, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sherman DD


text: Category:760 BC deaths

title: Category:760 BC deaths


text:
Junior Orange Bowl

The Junior Orange Bowl is a non-profit organization based in Coral Gables, Florida, that holds the Junior Orange Bowl International Youth Festival, a series of events held for the youth of South Florida and the world. The oldest and most popular event of the festival is the Junior Orange Bowl Parade in downtown Coral Gables.

History
Known as "The Largest International Youth Sports and Arts Festival," the Junior Orange Bowl Youth Festival blossomed in 1948 when the first Junior Orange Bowl Parade journeyed through beautiful downtown Coral Gables. This was the wonderful beginning of a festival that is totally dedicated to "Celebrating Youth". The Junior Orange Bowl has grown into a year-long youth festival, offering community, academic, and athletic events for youth and families.

The first Junior Orange Bowl Queen, Sandy Wirth, was crowned in 1951 starting a tradition of shaping and mentoring young community leaders. The 9 - 14-year-old girls are judged on poise, personality and presentation. Preliminary pageants are held throughout Miami-Dade, Broward, and Monroe Counties, as one queen, two princesses, and one little sister is chosen to be the Junior Orange Bowl community ambassadors each year. The Royal Court regularly volunteers at community service projects to develop leadership and philanthropic values in addition to their duties to be present and represent the Junior Orange Bowl at festival events.

Tennis
The sixties marked the introduction of several new events. In 1962 the Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Championship was established for boys and girls that are 12 & 14 and under. Over the years the draw has included several great players who have gone on to gain stardom on the professional circuit. Tennis greats Chris Evert, Jimmy Connors, Mary Joe Fernandez, Monica Seles, Andre Agassi and Steffi Graf have all played in the Junior Orange Bowl tournament. Today the International Tennis Championship draws over 1,500 players from 75 countries and is widely known as one of the most respected youth tournaments in the world.

Golf
1964 was the inaugural year for the International Golf Tournament, and the Girl's tournament was added in 1977. Top U.S. and foreign players 18 years and younger compete in this event which is now recognized as one of the world's most prestigious junior golf tournaments. This invitational has produced such professional stars as Andy North, Craig Stadler, Hal Sutton, Mark Calcavecchia, Bob Tway, Billy Mayfair, Willie Wood, and Jose Maria Olazabal. The Golf tournament continues to draw rising champions; Tiger Woods was the 1991 winner.

Other events
The early and mid-1980s saw more events added to the festival as the Junior Orange Bowl began to develop its academic programs with the Creative Writing and Photography Contests. The National Basketball Classic was added and has grown to include varsity, junior varsity, and middle school tournaments. Another addition has been the Sports Ability Games, which caters to children with physical disabilities and includes a three-day series of events. 1990 was a landmark year in the Junior Orange Bowl's history with the success of the festival's first-ever nighttime parade. Over 150,000 spectators attended this historic event. In 1993, a Pre-Parade show was added to the already exciting parade line-up.

1999 marked the emergence of the Cross Country Invitational, featuring some of South Florida's top middle and senior high school runners.

The 2016 festival season featured the inaugural Robotics Competition. The first Robotics Competition to be hosted in Miami-Dade County, where 101 teams and 500 participants were a part of the event.

The 2018 Festival is marked with the addition of a new International Soccer Cup. The International Soccer Cup will host soccer players ages 8–18 from local, national, and international club teams to compete in this inaugural event.

The 2018 Festival Season is the 70th Anniversary of the prestigious Junior Orange Bowl. Currently, a focus is on developing educational and developmental opportunities for the students and athletes in the South Florida community. Community investments will be made to better serve the South Florida youth and tie in the great success of the competitive events for which the Junior Orange Bowl is best known.

Notable Junior Orange Bowl participants
Over the past 70 years, sports legends and well-known community leaders such as the following have showcased their athletic talent in Junior Orange Bowl events:

Chris Evert (USA) – 1967 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Champion, Former WTA World No. 1, 18 Grand Slam championships, inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1995.

Steffi Graf (GER) – 1981 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Champion, Former WTA World No. 1, 22 Grand Slam championships, inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2004.

Monica Seles (USA) - 1985 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Champion, Former WTA World No. 1, 9 Grand Slam championships, inducted into the International Hall of Fame in 2009.

Bubba Watson (USA) – 2012 Masters Champion

Jonathan Vilma – Junior Orange Bowl Basketball Participant, 11-year NFL Veteran, Three NFL Pro Bowls, Super Bowl XLIV Champion.

Jimmy Connors (USA) – 1964 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Champion, Former ATP World No. 1, eight Grand Slam Championships, inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1998.

Andy Roddick (USA) – Former ATP World No.1, 2003 U.S. Open Champion.

Lexi Thompson (USA) – 2010 Junior Orange Bowl International Golf Champion – Youngest woman to ever win an LPGA event.

Kim Clijsters (BEL) – Former WTA World No.1, four Grand Slam championships

Juan Martin del Potro (ARG) – 2002 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Champion, 2009 U.S. Open Champion

Jose Maria Olazabal (ESP) – 1994 and 1999 Masters Champion

Justine Henin (BEL) – 1996 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Champion, Former WTA World No.1, seven Grand Slam championships

Caroline Wozniacki (DEN) – Former WTA World No.1

Andy North (USA) – Two USGA U.S. Open championships

Robin Soderling (SWE) – 10 career ATP titles

Hal Sutton (USA) – 1984 PGA Championship winner, 14 PGA Tour victories

Mark Calcavecchia (USA) – 1989 British Open champion, 30 PGA Tour victories.

Jennifer Capriati (USA) – 1987 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Champion, former WTA world No. 1, three Grand Slam championships.

Gabriela Sabatini (ARG) – 1983 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Runner-Up, 1990 U.S. Open Champion, Inducted to International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2006.

Tommy Haas (GER/USA) – 1992 Junior Orange Bowl International Tennis Champion, 14 ATP Titles.

Mission statement
The Junior Orange Bowl serves the South Florida community and the youth of the world by providing wholesome, competitive, and multicultural experiences.

title: Junior Orange Bowl


text:
David Hodo

David Hodo (born Richard Davis Hodo; July 7, 1947) is an American dancer/singer. He is best known as a member of the group Village People, in which he was the construction worker character from 1978 to 1982 and from 1987 to 2013.

Hodo was born in San Andreas, California, and was raised in Sacramento. He graduated in 1969 from California State University, Sacramento, where he majored in speech and acted in several campus productions, including Oh What a Lovely War, Carnival and Richard III. In 1972, he moved to New York, making his Broadway debut in Doctor Jazz in 1975. Hodo appeared as a chorus member in numerous musicals, including Salvation, a touring company of Funny Girl in 1972, a Broadway revival of Pal Joey in 1976 and The Red BlueGrass Western Flyer Show at the Goodspeed Opera House in 1977. He was also a guest on What's My Line as a roller skating fire eater.

Hodo joined the Village People in 1978 and was with the group during its most commercially successful era. He appeared with the group in the 1980 musical film Can't Stop the Music and the accompanying promotional television special Magic Night which also featured Cher and Hugh Hefner. He left the Village People in 1982, but returned to the group in 1987, remaining until 2013 when he retired. Hodo has also appeared on numerous television programs, including Married With Children, The Love Boat and The Osbournes.

In 2002, he released a cover of "My Sweet Lord" (originally recorded by George Harrison). In 2008, he released an EP featuring the single "The Kids'll Be Fine", partially inspired by school shootings in the USA.

title: David Hodo


text:
Talk:Polish marka

Untitled
Why does the Bibliography always disappear?

--Alexvonf 15:04, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

'Polish marka' redirected to 'Polish mark', then reverted.
See below link for a discussion on the merits of redirecting 'Polish marka' to 'Polish mark' (which was then duly reversed).

Talk:Finnish markka

Requested move 5 February 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved. As a procedural reversion of TCG's disruptive moves. (closed by non-admin page mover) Sceptre (talk) 17:35, 20 February 2023 (UTC)

Polish mark → Polish marka – The stable title was "Polish marka" until TheCurrencyGuy came up and moved it to "mark" without discussion, arguing that "mark" was more commonly used. TCG's move was then reverted by Oppa gangnam psy, but then TCG moved it once again and denounced OGP's decision as "an attempt to frustrate editing by a user who has since been banned" - in reality, OGP was blocked, not banned, but this is immaterial to this RM.

The above exchange shows that there are some disagreement as to "mark" or "marka", and I would therefore like to submit this page to a procedural RM. Sincerely, NotReallySoroka (talk) 05:23, 5 February 2023 (UTC) — Relisting. ModernDayTrilobite (talk • contribs) 17:05, 13 February 2023 (UTC)

we should move it back to the stable name unless someone has a good reason to keep it here—blindlynx 17:39, 5 February 2023 (UTC)

 * Support as nominator lest TCG's consensus-less decision prevails. NotReallySoroka (talk) 05:35, 12 February 2023 (UTC)

— Relisting.  ❯❯❯  Raydann  (Talk)   09:12, 20 February 2023 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Oppose. Per WP:ENGLISHTITLE. I can't find evidence "marka" is the WP:COMMONNAME. Vpab15 (talk) 11:33, 13 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Polish marka