text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Shahin Ourian

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 02:21, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Shahin Ourian
Non-notable, probable vanity (Delete). — Asbestos | Talk  22:44, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Unnecessary (Delete)Mexaguil
 * Delete. Unencyclopedic. Mgm|(talk) 23:07, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Anon editor removed vfd tag. --Asriel86 23:14, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity Refdoc 23:18, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, vanity. Megan1967 01:15, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Sole, anon editor continues to remove tag. However, there have been significant revisions (by said anon) since initial vfd flag. Take those into account.
 * Even more likely now vanity... Refdoc 11:57, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete, obvious vanity page Jez 15:14, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wurtz reaction

In organic chemistry, the Wurtz reaction, named after Charles Adolphe Wurtz, is a coupling reaction in which two alkyl halides are treated with sodium metal to form a higher alkane.
 * 2 R−X + 2 Na → R−R + 2 NaX

The reaction is of little value except for intramolecular versions, such as 1,6-dibromohexane + 2 Na → cyclohexane + 2 NaBr.

A related reaction, which combines alkyl halides with aryl halides is called the Wurtz–Fittig reaction. Despite its very modest utility, the Wurtz reaction is widely cited as representative of reductive coupling.

Mechanism
The reaction proceeds by an initial metal–halogen exchange, which is described with the following idealized stoichiometry:
 * R−X + 2 M → RM + MX

This step may involve the intermediacy of radical species R·. The conversion resembles the formation of a Grignard reagent. The RM intermediates have been isolated in several cases. The radical is susceptible to diverse reactions. The organometallic intermediate (RM) next reacts with the alkyl halide (RX) forming a new carbon–carbon covalent bond.
 * RM + RX → R−R + MX

The process resembles an SN2 reaction, but the mechanism is probably complex.

Examples and reaction conditions
The reaction is intolerant of many functional groups which would be attacked by sodium. For similar reasons, the reaction is conducted in unreactive solvents such as ethers. In efforts to improve the reaction yields, other metals have also been tested to effect the Wurtz-like couplings: silver, zinc, iron, activated copper, indium, as well as mixture of manganese and copper chloride.

Wurtz coupling is useful in closing small, especially three-membered, rings. In the cases of 1,3-, 1,4-, 1,5-, and 1,6- dihalides, Wurtz-reaction conditions lead to formation of cyclic products, although yields are variable. Under Wurtz conditions, vicinal dihalides yield alkenes, whereas geminal dihalides convert to alkynes. Bicyclobutane was prepared this way from 1-bromo-3-chlorocyclobutane in 95% yield. The reaction is conducted in refluxing dioxane, at which temperature, the sodium is liquid.

Extensions to main group compounds
Although the Wurtz reaction is only of limited value in organic synthesis, analogous couplings are useful for coupling main group halides. Hexamethyldisilane arises efficiently by treatment of trimethylsilyl chloride with sodium:
 * 2 Me3SiCl + 2 Na -> Me3Si\sSiMe3 + 2 NaCl

Tetraphenyldiphosphine is prepared analogously:
 * 2 Ph2PCl + 2 Na -> Ph2P\sPPh2 + 2 NaCl

Similar couplings have been applied to many main group halides. When applied to main group dihalides, rings and polymers result. Polysilanes and polystannanes are produced in this way
 * n Me2SiCl2 + 2n Na -> (Me2Si)_{n} + 2n NaCl

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wurtz reaction


text:
User talk:Szczesny

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:47, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Szczesny


text:
User talk:TheFilz~enwiki

 * 1) REDIRECT to german

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called TheFilz. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name TheFilz~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 03:04, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 19:37, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:TheFilz~enwiki


text:
User talk:Abeorch

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:47, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Cape Schanck edits

 * Lovely stuff to add so much information to [{Cape Schanck, Victoria|Cape Schanck], particularly the lighthouse and the RACV. (Noticed lots of your edits since April have that topic or something similar).
 * Will have to read through the source links carefully, I have that trouble myself with the pipe.

You click on External link (fourth from the left, if you have the toolbar, otherwise one square bracket on either side of the link and no pipe for the title) and you write/paste in the link and then put the title next to it on the right.
 * --EuropracBHIT 07:32, 3 December 2005 (UTC).

New Zealand articles
I'm impressed by how many articles you are creating about New Zealand media. When you create a new NZ-related article, please add it to New articles (New Zealand), which is a repository to allow interested editors to see such articles.

You might want to consider adding User NZ res to the top of your user page, which will add you to the New Zealand wikipedians category and also add a nice graphic. Or simply add which will have the same effect.-gadfium 07:25, 29 January 2006 (UTC)

Auckland meetup
Just to let you know that a meetup is planned in Auckland for the 25th of June (see Meetup/Auckland for more details), and that you are cordially invited. GeorgeStepanek\talk 00:21, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

New Zealander-Israeli relations
I noticed you identified yourself as a Wikipedian in New Zealand. You may be interested in New Zealander-Israeli relations. Respectfully, Republitarian 23:21, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

AA Motoring Trust
A Proposed Deletion template has been added to the article AA Motoring Trust, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice explains why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may contest the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page. Also, please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. If you endorse deletion of the article, and you are the only person who has made substantial edits to the page, please add db-author to the top of the page. Oo7565 22:11, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

London Meetup - January 12, 2008
Hi! There's going to be a London Wikipedia Meetup coming Saturday January 12, 2008. If you are interested in coming along take part in the discussion over a Meetup/London7. The discussion is going on until tomorrow evening and the official location and time will be published at the same page late Thursday or early Friday. Hope to see you Saturday, Poeloq (talk) 01:27, 10 January 2008 (UTC)

AfD nomination of B.net
An article that you have been involved in editing, B.net, has been listed for deletion. If you are interested in the deletion discussion, please participate by adding your comments at Articles for deletion/B.net. Thank you. A. B. (talk) 13:23, 27 February 2008 (UTC)

Invitation to Wikipedia meetup in London

Date: 13:00 onwards, Sunday 10 August 2008

Venue: Penderel's Oak pub, Holborn WC1 map

More information: Meetup/London 12

Hello,

I noticed that you have listed yourself as a Wikipedian in London, so I thought you might like to come to one of our monthly social meetups. The next one is going to be on Sunday 10 August, which might well be rather short notice, but if you can't come this time, we try to have one every second Sunday of the month.

If you haven't been before, these meetups are mainly casual social events for Wikipedia enthusiasts in which we chat about Wikipedia and any other topics we fancy. It's a great way to meet some very keen Wikipedians, but we'd also love for you to come along if you're interested in finding out more about Wikipedia, other Wikimedia projects, or other collaborative wiki projects too.

The location is a pub that is quite quiet and family friendly on a Sunday lunchtime, so hopefully younger Wikipedians will also feel welcome and safe. Alcohol consumption is certainly not required!

Although the meetups are popular, many UK-based editors still don't know about them. It would be great to welcome some fresh faces, so I hope you can come along.

Yours,

James F. (talk) 09:27, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

Please forgive the slightly impersonal mass-invite!

Speedy deletion nomination of RACV Credit Union
A tag has been placed on RACV Credit Union requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about an organization or company, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for organizations and companies. You may also wish to consider using a Wizard to help you create articles - see the Article Wizard.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you. RadioFan (talk) 16:22, 15 November 2009 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of RACV Credit Union

The article RACV Credit Union has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * not clear how this orphaned article meets notability guidelines, lacks any references to 3rd party sources

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the Proposed Deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The Speedy Deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and Articles for Deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. RadioFan (talk) 22:02, 15 November 2009 (UTC)

London Wikimedia Fundraiser
Good evening! This is a friendly message from Chase me ladies, I'm the Cavalry, inviting you to the London Wikimedia Fundraising party on 19th December 2010, in approximately one week. This party is being held at an artistic London venue with room for approximately 300 people, and is being funded by Ed Saperia, a non-Wikipedian who has a reputation for holding exclusive events all over London. This year, he wants to help Wikipedia, and is subsidising a charity event for us. We're keen to get as many Wikimedians coming as possible, and we already have approximately 200 guests, including members of the press, and some mystery guests! More details can be found at http://ten.wikipedia.org/wiki/London - expect an Eigenharp, a mulled wine hot tub, a free hog roast, a haybale amphitheatre and more. If you're interested in coming - and we'd love to have you - please go to the ten.wikipedia page and follow the link to the Facebook event. Signing up on Facebook will add you to the party guestlist. Entry fee is a heavily subsidised £5 and entry is restricted to over 18s. It promises to be a 10th birthday party to remember! If you have any questions, please email me at chasemewiki at gmail.com.

Hope we'll see you there, (and apologies for the talk page spam) - Chase me ladies, I'm the Cavalry (talk) 17:57, 12 December 2010 (UTC)

The Contribution Team cordially invites you to Imperial College London All Hail The Muffin Nor does it taste nice... 13:35, 5 February 2011 (UTC)

Wikipedia Day Melbourne Meetup
Hi there. Just inviting youmto the Melbourne meetup this Sunday at 11am, to celebrate our 11th anniversary. Details on that page. Hope to see you there! SteveBot (talk) 01:40, 11 January 2012 (UTC) (on behalf of Steven Zhang)

February Melbourne Meetup
Hi All. Just letting you know that we have another meetup planned for Melbourne, on Sunday, 26th February at 11am. More details can be found at the meetup page. Pizza will be provided. Look forward to seeing all of you there :-) SteveBot (talk) 22:45, 14 February 2012 (UTC)

Meetup invitation: Melbourne 26
Hi there! You are cordially invited to a meetup next Sunday (6 January). Details and an attendee list are at Meetup/Melbourne 26. Hope to see you there! John Vandenberg 04:43, 27 December 2012 (UTC)

(this automated message was delivered using replace.py to all users in Victoria)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:59, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of CityLink Limited

The article CityLink Limited has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Non notable company. Fails WP:NCORP"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Qwaiiplayer (talk) 14:11, 22 June 2021 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of SurfCity Cable TV

The article SurfCity Cable TV has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Non-notable and seemingly defunct company. The article is unsourced, and I did not find any coverage or mention in reliable sources regarding it. Fails the WP:GNG and WP:NCORP."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Rorshacma (talk) 17:43, 5 February 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Abeorch


text:
User talk:SAK

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:48, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Image:SAK Rakilar Small.jpg
Regarding this image, could you please release a license for this. Whether this is going to be public domain, under a Commons-license, GFDL or GPL is all up to you. Please see WP:ICT for more information regarding the subject. Soothing R  06:33, 4 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Released to public domain with no copyright (PD tag added) (User:SAK)

Image copyright problem with Image:SAK HaydarErgulen2004.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:SAK HaydarErgulen2004.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Thank you. Stan 14:09, 17 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:SAK_Raki.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:SAK_Raki.JPG. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 12:14, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

Image:SAK Rakilar Small.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded, Image:SAK Rakilar Small.jpg, has been listed at Images and media for deletion. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. — Rebelguys2 talk 00:29, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:SAK_Rakilar.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:SAK_Rakilar.JPG. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 08:19, 25 March 2006 (UTC)

File:FilibertoOjedaRios PR Ozgurluk.jpg listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:FilibertoOjedaRios PR Ozgurluk.jpg, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Kelly hi! 03:50, 24 December 2010 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Haydar Ergülen

The article Haydar Ergülen has been proposed for deletion because it appears to have no references. Under Wikipedia policy, this biography of a living person will be deleted after seven days unless it has at least one reference to a reliable source that directly supports material in the article.

If you created the article, please don't be offended. Instead, consider improving the article. For help on inserting references, see Referencing for beginners, or ask at the help desk. Once you have provided at least one reliable source, you may remove the prod blp/dated tag. Please do not remove the tag unless the article is sourced. If you cannot provide such a source within seven days, the article may be deleted, but you can when you are ready to add one. Cardiffbear88 (talk) 21:55, 28 June 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:SAK


text:
Duke Energy

Duke Energy Corporation is an American electric power and natural gas holding company headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. The company ranked as the 141st largest company in the United States in 2024 – its highest-ever placement on the Fortune 500 list.

Overview
Duke Energy is based in Charlotte, North Carolina. It owns 58,200 megawatts of base-load and peak generation in the United States, which it distributes to its 7.2 million customers. It has approximately 29,000 employees. Duke Energy's service territory covers 104000 sqmi with 250200 mi of distribution lines. Almost all of Duke Energy's Midwest generation comes from coal, natural gas, or oil, while half of its Carolinas generation comes from its nuclear power plants. During 2006, Duke Energy generated 148,798,332 megawatt-hours of electrical energy.

Duke Energy Renewable Services (DERS), a subsidiary of Duke Energy, specializes in the development, ownership, and operation of various generation facilities throughout the United States. This segment of the company operates 1,700 megawatts of generation. 240 megawatts of wind generation were under construction and 1,500 additional megawatts of wind generation were in planning stages. On September 9, 2008, DERS updated its projections for future wind power capacity. By the end of 2008, it would have over 500 MW of nameplate capacity of wind power online, and an additional 5,000 MW in development.

Subsidiaries

 * Duke Energy Carolinas (formerly Duke Power)
 * Duke Energy Ohio (formerly Cincinnati Gas & Electric Company, via Cinergy)
 * Duke Energy Kentucky (formerly Union Light, Heat & Power, via Cinergy)
 * Duke Energy Indiana (formerly Public Service Indiana, via Cinergy)
 * Duke Energy Florida (formerly Florida Power Corporation, via Progress Energy)
 * Duke Energy Progress (formerly Carolina Power and Light, via Progress Energy)
 * Duke Energy Renewables
 * Duke Energy Retail
 * Duke Energy International
 * Duke Energy Sustainable Solutions
 * Duke Energy One

History
The company began in 1900 as the Catawba Power Company when Walker Gill Wylie and his brother financed the building of a hydroelectric power station at India Hook Shoals along the Catawba River near India Hook, South Carolina. When Wylie needed additional funding to further his ambitious plan for construction of a series of hydroelectric power plants, Wylie convinced James B. Duke and his partner James Blaney to invest in the Southern Power Company, founded in 1905.

In 1917 James Blaney was the founder of the Wateree Power Company that was formed as a holding company for several utilities that had been founded and/or owned by Duke, and Blaney his associates, and in 1924 the name was changed to Duke Power. In 1927, most of the subsidiary companies, including Southern Power Company, Catawba Power Company, Great Falls Power Company, and Western Carolina Power Company were merged into Duke Power, although Southern Public Utilities, 100% owned by Duke Power, maintained a legally separate existence for the retail marketing of Duke-generated power to residential and commercial customers. Southern Public Utilities also operated transit systems, which Duke eventually converted from streetcars to buses.

In 1973, through its subsidiary, the Eastover Mining Company, Duke Power engaged in a lengthy contract dispute with the workers at the Brookside coal mine in Harlan County, Kentucky. For thirteen months, workers picketed the company for improved medical benefits and the right to representation by the United Mine Workers of America, while Duke Power insisted on a no-strike clause in the miner's eventual labor contract. The strike culminated in the shooting and death of twenty-two year old miner, Lawrence D. Jones, by a foreman at the Duke Power-owned mine. Five days later, Duke Power would reach an agreement with the striking miners which included recognition of the new UMWA local, the rehiring of workers dismissed during the strike, and dropping charges related to the action.

In 1988, Nantahala Power & Light Co., which served southwestern North Carolina, was purchased by Duke and is now operated under the Duke Power Nantahala Area brand. In 1990, Duke sold its remaining transit operations. Duke Power merged with PanEnergy, a natural gas company, in 1997 to form Duke Energy. The Duke Power name continued as the electric utility business of Duke Energy until the Cinergy merger.

With the purchase of Cinergy Corporation announced in 2005 and completed on April 3, 2006, Duke Energy Corporation's customer base grew to include the Midwestern United States as well. The company operates nuclear power plants, coal-fired plants, conventional hydroelectric plants, natural-gas turbines to handle peak demand, and pumped hydro storage. During 2006, Duke Energy also acquired Chatham, Ontario-based Union Gas, which is regulated under the Ontario Energy Board Act (1998).

On January 3, 2007, Duke Energy spun off its gas business to form Spectra Energy. Duke Energy shareholders received 1 share of Spectra Energy for each 2 shares of Duke Energy. After the spin-off, Duke Energy now receives the majority of its revenue from its electric operations in portions of North Carolina, South Carolina, Kentucky, Ohio, and Indiana. The spinoff to Spectra also included Union Gas, which Duke Energy acquired the previous year.

In 2011, Duke Energy worked with Charlotte's business leader community to help build Charlotte into a smart city. The group called the initiative "Envision Charlotte". At the time, the group decided on a goal to reduce energy use in the "urban core of the city by 20 percent". To do so, the group focused on making energy consumption changes to commercial buildings larger than 10,000 square feet.

On July 3, 2012, Duke Energy merged with Progress Energy Inc with the Duke Energy name retained along with the Charlotte, North Carolina, headquarters.

Duke announced on June 18, 2013, that CEO Jim Rogers was retiring and Lynn Good would become the new CEO. Rogers has been CEO and Chairman since 2006, while Good was Chief Financial Officer of Duke since 2009, having joined Duke in the 2006 Cinergy merger. Rogers' retirement was part of an agreement to end an investigation into Duke's Progress Energy acquisition in 2012.

In 2016, Duke Energy purchased Piedmont Natural Gas for $4.9 billion to become its wholly owned subsidiary. Duke Energy completed selling its remaining power operations in Central and South America for $1.2 billion months afterwards. At one point Duke Energy had more than 4,300 megawatts of electric generation in Latin America. It operated eight hydroelectric power plants in Brazil with an installed capacity of 2,307 megawatts.

The company expects to spend $13 billion upgrading the North Carolina grid from 2017.

On December 3, 2022, an attack was carried out on two Duke Energy substations located in Moore County, North Carolina. Damage from the attack left up to 40,000 residents without electrical power for several days, with officials closing schools and declaring a state of emergency. The Federal Bureau of Investigation supported local investigators in case the incident met the definition of domestic terrorism under the Patriot Act.

New nuclear power plant
On March 16, 2006, Duke Power announced that a Cherokee County, South Carolina site had been selected for a potential new nuclear power plant. The site is jointly owned by Duke Power and Southern Company. Duke plans to develop the site for two Westinghouse Electric Company AP1000 (advanced passive) pressurized water reactors. Each reactor is capable of producing approximately 1,117 megawatts. (See Nuclear Power 2010 Program.)

On December 14, 2007, Duke Power submitted a Combined Construction and Operating License to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, with an announcement that it will spend $160 million in 2008 on the plant with a total cost of $5 billion to $6 billion. The plant was approved in 2016.

In August 2017, Duke decided to seek permission from the North Carolina Utility Commission to cancel the project due to the bankruptcy of Westinghouse and "other market activity", although they will retain the option of restarting the project at some point in the future if circumstances change.

This site would have been adjacent to the old site, which was never completed and abandoned in the early 1980s, and used by James Cameron as a film set for the 1989 movie The Abyss.

In 2018, Duke Energy announced that they had decided not to include new nuclear power in their long-range plans.

Headquarters buildings
J.A. Jones designed the first headquarters building, known as the Power Building, which was completed in 1927 at 440 South Church. It was five stories and 503000 sqft. The Electric Center at 526 South Church Street opened in 1975 with an addition in 1988. State Farm Insurance sold the Power Building in 2004 for $8 million to The Dilweg Cos., who anticipated significant development. Novare Group bought 5.13 acre at 408 South Church Street for $17 million from The Dilweg Cos. in a deal announced March 27, 2006. The Power Building was demolished February 24, 2007.

Duke Energy Center at 550 South Tryon Street was announced as the company's headquarters in 2009. The company announced May 17, 2021 that the headquarters will move in 2023 to Duke Energy Plaza, across the street from the current headquarters. Childress Klein is developing the new building, which will allow Duke to sell its Church Street and College Street buildings, and end its lease at 400 South Tryon. Previously named Charlotte Metro Tower, the 40-story building will be purchased when completed for up to $675 million by Childress Klein and CGA Capital, in the largest real estate deal in the city's history, announced in December 2019.

Finances
For the fiscal year 2017, Duke Energy reported earnings of US$3.059 billion, with an annual revenue of US$23.565 billion, an increase of 3.6% over the previous fiscal cycle. Duke Energy's shares traded at over $79 per share, and its market capitalization was valued at over US$58.8 billion in November 2018.

Environmental record
In 1999, the United States Environmental Protection Agency commenced an enforcement action against Duke Energy for making modifications to very old and deteriorating coal-burning power plants without getting permits under the Clean Air Act. Duke asserted that a "modification" under the Clean Air Act did not require a permit. Environmental groups asserted that Duke was using loopholes in the law to increase emissions. Initially, Duke prevailed at the trial court level, but in 2006 the case was argued before the Supreme Court (Environmental Defense v. Duke Energy Corp. (05-848)). The Court unanimously ruled on April 2, 2007, that the modifications allowed the power plants to operate for more hours, increasing emissions, so Clean Air Act permits were needed.

In 2002, researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst identified Duke Energy as the 46th-largest corporate producer of air pollution in the United States, with roughly 36 million pounds of toxic chemicals released annually into the air. Major pollutants included sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, chromium compounds, and hydrogen fluoride. The Political Economy Research Institute ranks Duke Energy 13th among corporations emitting airborne pollutants in the United States. The ranking is based on the quantity (80 million pounds in 2005) and toxicity of the emissions. This change reflects the purchase of fossil fuel-heavy Cinergy, which occurred in 2005.

In early 2008, Duke Energy announced a plan to build the new, 800-megawatt Cliffside Unit 6 coal plant 55 mi west of Charlotte, North Carolina. The plan has been strongly opposed by environmental groups such as Rising Tide North America, Rainforest Action Network, the community-based Canary Coalition as well as the Southern Environmental Law Center, which has threatened to sue Duke if it does not halt construction plans. On April 1, activists locked themselves to machinery at the Cliffside construction area as part of Fossil Fools Day.

Duke Energy has been "one of the most vocal advocates" for a "cap-and-trade" system to combat global CO2 emissions, "and the company's CEO, Jim Rogers, thinks the company will profit from cap-and-trade". The company left the National Association of Manufacturers in part over differences on climate policy.

In a joint venture with the French-based global energy firm AREVA, under the nominal name of ADAGE, Duke Energy has planned a "Green" biomass burning facility in Mason County, Washington and is negotiating with forestland owners to secure the 600,000 tons of wood debris it needs yearly to fuel its $250 million biomass plant. The joint venture between electric power company Duke Energy and global nuclear services giant AREVA was created to build wood waste-to-energy power plants around the country.

ADAGE president Reed Wills announced the first Northwest outpost will be in the struggling timber town of Shelton, Washington.

The following pollutants are provided by DUKE-AREVA-ADAGE in their application for permit to the Department of Environmental Protection for a similar type of plant in Florida.

 * 248 tons per year – particulate matter
 * 288 tons per year – particulate matter 10
 * 233 tons per year – particulate matter 2.5
 * 249 tons per year – NOx (nitrogen oxides)
 * 246 tons per year – SO2 (sulfur dioxide)
 * 248 tons per year – CO (carbon monoxide)
 * 40 tons per year – H2SO4 – (sulfuric acid mist)
 * 63 tons per year – VOC (volatile organic compounds)
 * 29 tons per year – F (fluorides)

Generating facilities

 * This list is partially complete due to the July 3, 2012, merger with Progress Energy.

Biomass fired

 * Shelton Biomass Facility (proposed)

Nuclear

 * Catawba Nuclear Station
 * McGuire Nuclear Station
 * Oconee Nuclear Station
 * Shearon Harris Nuclear Power Plant
 * H. B. Robinson Nuclear Generating Station
 * Brunswick Nuclear Generating Station
 * Crystal River Nuclear Power Plant (retired February 2013)
 * William States Lee III Nuclear Generating Station - Future

Coal-fired

 * Allen Steam Station
 * Belews Creek Steam Station
 * Beckjord Power Station
 * Cayuga Generating Station
 * Crystal River Energy Complex
 * East Bend Station
 * Edwardsport Station
 * Gallagher Station
 * Gibson Station
 * Marshall Steam Station
 * Mayo Plant
 * Miami Fort Power Station (purchased by Dynegy, 2014)
 * Riverbend Steam Station (retired)
 * Roxboro Steam Plant
 * Wabash River Station
 * William H. Zimmer Power Station (purchased by Dynegy, 2014)

Conventional hydro
Following is a list of Duke Energy's thirty conventional hydroelectric facilities, in order of average electric production. All properties are 100% owned by Duke, and all but Markland are located in North Carolina and South Carolina (Markland is located in southern Indiana).

 * Blewett Falls Hydroelectric Plant
 * Cowans Ford Hydro Station, 350 MW average capacity
 * Keowee Hydro Station, 158 MW
 * Walters Hydroelectric Plant, 112 MW
 * Tillery Hydroelectric Plant, 87 MW
 * Rocky Creek & Cedar Creek Hydro Stations, combined 73 MW
 * Great Falls & Dearborn Hydro Stations, combined 70 MW
 * Markland Hydro Station, 65 MW
 * Mountain Island Hydro Station, 60 MW
 * Lake Wylie Hydro Station, 60 MW
 * Wateree Hydro Station, 56 MW
 * Fishing Creek Hydro Station, 37 MW
 * Oxford Hydro Station, 36 MW
 * Bridgewater Hydro Station at Lake James, 31.5 MW
 * Rhodhiss Hydro Station, 26 MW
 * Lookout Shoals Hydro Station, 26 MW
 * Blewett Hydroelectric Plant, 22 MW
 * Ninety-Nine Islands Plant, 18 MW
 * Gaston Shoals Plant, 9 MW
 * Tuxedo Plant, 5 MW
 * Marshall Plant, 4 MW
 * and ten clustered locations at Nantahala, in mountainous southwestern North Carolina, producing a cumulative 99 MW

Pumped-storage hydro

 * Bad Creek Hydroelectric Station
 * Jocassee Pumped-Storage Generating Station

Oil and gas-fired

 * Anclote Station
 * Asheville Combustion Turbines
 * Bartow Combined Cycle Station
 * Buck Steam Station
 * Buzzard Roost Station
 * Cayuga Combustion Turbine Station
 * Cliffside Steam Station
 * Connersville Peaking Station
 * Dan River Steam Station
 * Darlington County Electric Plant
 * Henry County Peaking Station
 * Hines Energy Complex
 * H.F. Lee Energy Complex
 * Lee Steam Station
 * W.S. Lee Steam Station
 * Lincoln Combustion Turbine Station
 * Madison Peaking Station
 * Miami-Wabash Peaking Station
 * Mill Creek Combustion Turbine Station
 * Noblesville Station
 * Rockingham Station
 * Smith Energy Complex
 * Sutton Combined Cycle Plant
 * Wabash River Repowering Station
 * Wheatland Peaking Station
 * Woodsdale Station

Solar farms
Citing the falling cost of building solar farms, Duke Energy announced plans in 2017 to launch three new such projects in Kentucky. Two will be in Kenton County and one will be in Grant County. Together the three plants will create more than 6.7 MW of power. These join several other solar farms including: Additionally, Duke Energy added 451 MW of solar capacity to North Carolina's grid in 2017. In 2020 Duke Energy began commercial operations of several farms in Texas, operating alongside its Farm from 2010.
 * Davidson County Solar Farm
 * Martins Creek Solar Farm 1 MW (Murphy, NC)
 * Culberson Solar Farm 1 MW (Murphy, NC)
 * Osceola Solar Facility 4 MW (St.Petersburg, Fla)
 * Hamilton Solar Power Plant 74.9 MW (Jasper, FL)
 * Columbia Solar Power Plant 74.9 MW (Fort White, FL) (opening in 2020)
 * Live Oak Solar Power Plant ? MW (Live Oak, FL)

 * Blue Wing Solar Project (San Antonio, TX)
 * Lapetus Solar Project 100 MW (Andrews County, TX)
 * Holstein Solar Project 200 MW (Nolan County, TX)
 * Rambler Solar Project 200 MW (Tom Green County, TX)

Wind farms

 * Los Vientos Wind Farm
 * Shirley Wind

Electric vehicles
Duke Energy announced in October 2018 that it would install 530 electric car charging stations around Florida. Ten percent of the stations will go into low income communities.

Awards
Duke Energy has been chosen as one of The 50 Best Employers In America by Business Insider

In 2002, Duke Energy was awarded the Ig Nobel Prize in Economics for "adapting the mathematical concept of imaginary numbers for use in the business world".

Criticism
In December 2000, Cinergy Corp agreed to pay $1.4B to settle allegations that its coal plants illegally polluted the air. Duke Energy completed its acquisition of Cinergy Corp in 2006.

In July 2004, Duke Energy agreed to pay $208M to settle allegations that it had engaged in price gouging in California during the energy crisis of 2000 and 2001.

In December 2009, Duke Energy agreed to spend approximately $93M to resolve violations of the Clean Air Act. Duke became obligated to make investments that were expected to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions by 86%.

On February 14, 2011, Greenpeace launched a campaign in which Phil Radford called on Duke Energy to abandon mountaintop removal coal, produce a third of its energy from renewable sources by 2020, and abandon coal altogether by 2030."

In May 2011, Duke agreed to pay $30M to resolve allegations that changes made to the company pension plan disproportionately harmed employees over 40, costing many of them up to half of their accrued benefits.

In December 2011, the non-partisan organization Public Campaign criticized Duke Energy for spending $17.47 million on lobbying. It also criticized Duke for not paying any taxes from 2008 to 2010 and receiving $216 million in tax rebates, in spite of turning a $5.4 billion profit and extensively raising executive compensations.

In 2012, Greenpeace protested Duke's lobbying of the Democratic Party, including its funding of the 2012 Democratic National Convention.

In July 2012, Duke Energy was criticized for paying former Progress Energy CEO Bill Johnson $44.7 million in compensation, including a $10 million severance, for something close to 20 minutes on the job as Duke's CEO.

In 2012, Duke Energy sued Citrus County, Florida claiming its tax bill was too high. The county hired an outside appraiser who found that there were a lot of unreported and underreported items and the tax claim was actually too low.

In May 2013, university students launched a campaign for Brown University to divest fossil fuels, specifically referring to Duke Energy and other coal plant operators.

On February 2, 2014, the massive Dan River coal-ash spill led to a grand jury investigation into Duke Energy. The initial investigation was overseen by Governor Pat McCrory, who was accused of intervening on Duke's behalf as he had been a Duke Energy employee for 28 years. Prosecutors went looking for any cash or items of value that might have been given to Governor McCrory and members of his administration in exchange for cheap settlements. Duke Energy was prosecuted, pled guilty to nine charges of criminal negligence, and agreed to pay $102 million in fines and restitutions. Duke Energy was also ordered to close all of its 32 ash ponds in the state of North Carolina by 2029.

In September 2016, the Government Pension Fund of Norway, then worth $900 billion, excluded Duke Energy and its subsidiaries from the fund, citing "risk of severe environmental damage".

In August 2020, environmental watchdog EWG released a report accusing Duke Energy of charging Indiana ratepayers for $12 billion worth of failed projects. This was the direct consequence of a controversial bill passed in Indiana earlier that year. Projects included two natural gas pipelines and two retired nuclear power plants.

In 2021, investigative reporting by the Orlando Sun Sentinel revealed that Duke Energy, FPL (Nextera Energy), and TECO Energy put forth more than $3 million to promote "ghost" spoiler candidates in key Florida legislature races. The scheme involved former senator Frank Artiles and was effective in costing the Democrats at least one election.

In January 2021, Duke Energy agreed to a settlement, which the company proposed, to absorb $1.1 billion worth of coal-ash pond closure and cleanup costs, in North Carolina, between 2015 and 2030. The parties involved also waived all rights to challenge the "reasonableness and prudence" of Duke Energy's coal ash management practices and costs before March 2020. Duke estimates the costs to be between $8 and $9 billion, the settlement reduces the cost on the ratepayer by 60%.

In August 2021, Indiana city officials from Bloomington, Carmel, and West Lafayette, and other lawmakers sent a letter to Duke Energy deploring its progress towards renewables and asking it to stop overcharging low-income homes for electricity.

December 2022 rolling blackouts
In December 2022, a major winter storm impacted much of the United States. On December 24, 2022, Christmas Eve, Duke Energy implemented rolling blackouts for the first time in their history, due to unprecedented energy demand. The rolling blackouts came without warning and lasted hours. In addition to facility failures, Duke reported failures related to the software that regulated the controlled blackouts. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission initiated an investigation in response to the blackouts.

title: Duke Energy


text:
Aero Costa Rica

Aero Costa Rica was an airline based in San José, Costa Rica. In 1997 it ceased operations.

Its US offices were in Miami Springs, Florida.

History
Aero Costa Rica ACORI, S.A. started service on 11 May 1992 with two Boeing 727-200 Ex-Pan Am (N353PA and N354PA) from San José to Miami. This was the only international carrier that was able to break the airline monopoly in Costa Rica held by Lineas Aereas Costarricenses S.A. (LACSA) since 1945. In July 1992 Aero Costa Rica's flight ML-211 made an emergency landing at Owen Roberts International Airport, Grand Cayman when the flight engineer forgot to open an auxiliary fuel valve after taking off from Miami. Later that year the route San José-San Pedro Sula-Orlando was inaugurated but the company decided to drop it four months later. In 1993 the livery and the fleet was changed from two Boeing 727-200 to two Boeing 737-200 (N170PL and N171PL) with this equipment routes from San José to Atlanta (ATL) and San Andrés Island (ADZ) in the Caribbean were added. A 737-200 was sub-leased to Halisa Airlines of Haiti and later to Honduran carrier Islena Airlines. The executives of the airline tried forging alliances with Cayman Airways, Aero Mexico and Iberia Airlines.

Due to serious financial difficulties and ill-fated administrations, both 737s were returned to the lessor at the end of 1994. In 1995 under the administration of Peruvian entrepreneur Zadi Desme the airline purchased a Boeing 727-100 (ex-American Airlines N-1974) named "Por Fin" (At Last). Desme brought back the original livery introduced in 1992. After the demise of the airline, this airliner was parked in Miami International Airport for several years until it was scrapped. The company wet-leased aircraft and crews from Falcon Air of Miami from October 1996 until July 1997. From July 1997 through September 1997, the company wet leased 727s (N12304 /N203AV) including crews from Nations Air Express based in Atlanta. Nation's Air flew routes between San Jose and Miami and Orlando during that time frame, after which it finally collapsed. Owner Calixto Chaves Zamora intended to sell the airline to a Pakistani company based in Miami and represented by a Cuban-American named Osiris Rosario. The check Chaves received had no funds and the company could not remain in business any longer.

Fleet
The airline operated the following aircraft was operated by Aero Costa Rica:

title: Aero Costa Rica


text:
Bay Networks

Bay Networks, Inc., was a network hardware vendor formed through the merger of Santa Clara, California, based SynOptics Communications and Billerica, Massachusetts based Wellfleet Communications on July 6, 1994. SynOptics was an important early innovator of Ethernet products, having developed a pre-standard twisted pair 10 Mbit/s Ethernet product and a modular Ethernet hub product that dominated the enterprise networking market. Wellfleet was an important competitor to Cisco Systems in the router market, ultimately commanding up to a 20% market share of the network router business worldwide. The combined company was renamed Bay Networks, as SynOptics was based in the San Francisco Bay Area and Wellfleet in Greater Boston, nearby to Massachusetts Bay.

Acquisitions
Bay Networks expanded its product line both through internal development and acquisition, acquiring the following companies during the course of its existence:

 * Centillion Networks, Inc. (May, 1995) - Provided Asynchronous Transfer Mode switching and Token Ring technology.
 * Xylogics, Inc. (December, 1995) - Remote access technologies.
 * Performance Technology (March, 1996) - LAN-to-WAN access technology.
 * ARMON Networking, Ltd. (July, 1996) - RMON and RMON2 network management technology.
 * LANcity Corporation (October, 1996) - Cable modem technology.
 * Penril Datability Networks (November, 1996) - Dial-up modems and remote access products based on Digital Signal Processing technology.
 * NetICs, Inc. (December, 1996) - ASIC-based Fast Ethernet switching technology.
 * ISOTRO Network Management, Inc. (April, 1997) - DNS and DHCP technologies.
 * Rapid City Communications (June, 1997) - Gigabit Ethernet switching and routing technology.
 * New Oak Communications (January, 1998) - Provided VPN technology to Bay Networks product line.
 * Netsation Corp. (February, 1998) - Technology was used to augment Bay Networks Optivity network management system.
 * NetServe GmbH (July, 1998) - VoIPX technology

Acquisition by Nortel
Bay Networks was acquired by Northern Telecom in June 1998 for US$ 9.1 billion, broadening Nortel's reach from its traditional carrier customer base into enterprise data networking. Reflective of this expanded product set and market, Nortel renamed itself Nortel Networks after the merger. In December 2009, as part of its bankruptcy proceedings, Nortel sold its Enterprise Networking equipment and software business to Avaya. The sale included a few remaining Bay Networks products that were still active in Nortel's portfolio at the time of the sale, such as the Ethernet Switch 450 and Backbone Concentrator Node (BCN) router.

The Bay Networks product Small office/home office line survives to this day as the Netgear products that are widely sold by electronics retailers. Example products include Gigabit Ethernet switches, cable modems, print servers, and similar inexpensive, consumer-oriented networking equipment. Bay Networks had originally launched Netgear as a product line/division in January 1996, but the product line was not core to the newly formed Nortel Networks operations and so was spun out as a standalone company in September 1999.

title: Bay Networks


text:
User talk:Jackhynes

DYK for List of primates described in the 2020s
Cwmhiraeth (talk) 00:02, 11 October 2021 (UTC)

 * Your hook reached 16,351 views (689 per hour), making it one of the most viewed hooks of October 2021—nice job! theleekycauldron (talk • contribs) (they/them) 03:05, 15 October 2021 (UTC)

Thanks! Jack (talk) 06:54, 15 October 2021 (UTC)

ArbCom 2022 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2022 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2022 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:27, 29 November 2022 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Danny Wilde (musician)

The article Danny Wilde (musician) has been proposed for deletion because it appears to have no references. Under Wikipedia policy, this biography of a living person will be deleted after seven days unless it has at least one reference to a reliable source that directly supports material in the article.

If you created the article, please don't be offended. Instead, consider improving the article. For help on inserting references, see Referencing for beginners, or ask at the help desk. Once you have provided at least one reliable source, you may remove the prod blp/dated tag. Please do not remove the tag unless the article is sourced. If you cannot provide such a source within seven days, the article may be deleted, but you can when you are ready to add one. Donald D23  talk to me  15:19, 25 April 2023 (UTC)

ArbCom 2023 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2023 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:21, 28 November 2023 (UTC)

"Saint John Rivers" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saint_John_Rivers&redirect=no Saint John Rivers] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Anyone, including you, is welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. Enyavar (talk) 18:20, 9 July 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jackhynes


text:
User talk:AE.Vasconcelos

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:49, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Alvaro cunhal 1998.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Alvaro cunhal 1998.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL-self to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --Tawker 07:30, 17 February 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:MATCHPOI.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:MATCHPOI.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Thank you. BRossow 03:20, 18 February 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:JSW-BANYAN.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:JSW-BANYAN.gif. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 16:43, 20 March 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:JSW-KITCHEN.GIF
Thanks for uploading Image:JSW-KITCHEN.GIF. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 12:16, 22 March 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:JSW-MAIN.GIF
Thanks for uploading Image:JSW-MAIN.GIF. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 09:02, 24 March 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging for Image:SENTINEL-2.GIF
Thanks for uploading Image:SENTINEL-2.GIF. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see User talk:Carnildo/images. 13:32, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Alvaro cunhal 1998.jpg
Thanks for uploading or contributing to Image:Alvaro cunhal 1998.jpg. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia constitutes fair use. Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free media lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Sdrtirs (talk) 23:17, 9 April 2008 (UTC)

Image source problem with Image:Alvaro cunhal 1998.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Alvaro cunhal 1998.jpg. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, then a link to the website from which it was taken, together with a restatement of that website's terms of use of its content, is usually sufficient information. However, if the copyright holder is different from the website's publisher, their copyright should also be acknowledged.

As well as adding the source, please add a proper copyright licensing tag if the file doesn't have one already. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then the GFDL-self tag can be used to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media meets the criteria at Non-free content, use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have specified their source and tagged them, too. You can find a list of files you have uploaded by following this link. Unsourced and untagged images may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If the image is copyrighted under a non-free license (per Fair use) then the image will be deleted 48 hours after 18:36, 10 April 2008 (UTC). If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Sdrtirs (talk) 18:36, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Alvaro cunhal 1998.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:Alvaro cunhal 1998.jpg. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. NotifyBot (talk) 12:51, 17 April 2008 (UTC)

Non-free rationale for File:SENTINEL-1.GIF
Thanks for uploading or contributing to File:SENTINEL-1.GIF. I notice the file page specifies that the file is being used under non-free content criteria, but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia is acceptable. Please go to the file description page, and edit it to include a non-free rationale.

If you have uploaded other non-free media, consider checking that you have specified the non-free rationale on those pages too. You can find a list of 'file' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free media lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If the file is already gone, you can still make a request for undeletion and ask for a chance to fix the problem. If you have any questions, please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Sfan00 IMG (talk) 12:32, 26 June 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:AE.Vasconcelos


text:
User talk:UltraMako101

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: Ser Amantio di Nicolao Che dicono a Signa?Lo dicono a Signa. 04:48, 21 October 2016 (UTC).

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:50, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

HKWNB, HKCOTW, Current events
Hi. Thanks for your contributions to some Hong Kong-related articles. You might be interested to take a look at HK wikipedians' notice board, HK Collaboration of the Week and Current events in Hong Kong and Macao. Happy editing! — Instantnood 10:11, May 4, 2005 (UTC)

Flag of Hong Kong FAC
 Flag of Hong Kong Flag of Hong Kong is now on FAC. Let's click here and vote for its success!!!! De ryc  k C.  07:31, 9 August 2005 (UTC)

The Departed / Infernal Affairs
At the end of the reactions section it mentions Lau by his last name only. It's ambiguous to whether or not the comment should be attributed to Andy Lau or Andrew Lau...both affliated with the film and mentioned in the section, but not the same person.

Image tagging for Image:Eason_Chan.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Eason_Chan.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 07:28, 12 December 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Darknut_2.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Darknut_2.png. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 07:43, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

Thanks for the translations!
Thank you very much for the translations for the songs in Butterfly Lovers (album)! If you have time, could you also do the same for her other ? You doing so would clear up a huge chunk of the wiki stuff in other languages. Thank you again for translating the Butterfly Lovers' texts! -Yupik 13:02, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

albums

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Eason Chan.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:Eason Chan.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BetacommandBot 20:10, 10 May 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image (Image:Darknut 2.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Darknut 2.png. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BetacommandBot 02:03, 17 June 2007 (UTC)

Hey
Hey Andrew, I was just wondering if you'd be interested in joining a modern Chinese popular music workgroup. Given your work on certain Cantopop articles, it would certainly be an asset. There are just two of us so far, me and Arsonal, but if you'd like to help out, just reply on my talk page. If you want to get an idea of what we're going to be doing, then take a look at this page. Let me know if you have anything to add to that. Pandacomics 20:57, 24 July 2007 (UTC)
 * The thing's up! Come check it out at WP:CPOP. Pandacomics 08:47, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

RE
Well, one thing you can do is just reverted back. And put a warning on the person. If you need help warning other people, look here: WP:WARN. -- Esa nchez (Talk 2 me or Sign here) 00:31, 4 October 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Exact Audio Copy.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Exact Audio Copy.png. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BJBot (talk) 12:08, 17 March 2008 (UTC)

I mentioned you ... (nicely!) (Simplified/Traditional 2)
I saw your recent changes to Standard_Mandarin and wondered about combining columns where the characters are the same. If you follow the links in the talk page discussion you can see an example of what I was thinking about. What do you think? Shenme (talk) 06:31, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

Welcome
Please feel free to fix it, I don't speak any Chinese. Epson291 (talk) 10:04, 17 July 2008 (UTC)

Celebrations for 2nd Anniversary of Wikimedia Hong Kong

Dear:  ：

Wikimedia Hong Kong has been founded two year ago. Today, we would like to invite you to a great event for our second anniversary celebrations, that is co-host by us - Digital Content Jam 1.0, which is belongs to The 3C Digital Creativity Dialogue Series -- Creativity, Content, Community.

This is the information of the event：

 * Date: 31, July, 2009 (Friday)
 * Time: From 7:00pm to 9:30pm
 * Venue: eTech Centre Meeting Room M2 &3, 4/F Opulent Building, 402-406 Hennessy Road, Wan Chai（Google map）
 * '''Language: Cantonese
 * Free snacks and drinks will be served!

'''Please register via the link below to tell us if you would like to join the event. Registration Form'''

Regards, Hong Kong Wikimedian SusanLai (talk) 13:53, 20 July 2009 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:59, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Asian 10,000 Challenge invite
Hi. The WikiProject Asia/The 10,000 Challenge has recently started, based on the UK/Ireland The 10,000 Challenge and WikiProject Africa/The 10,000 Challenge. The idea is not to record every minor edit, but to create a momentum to motivate editors to produce good content improvements and creations and inspire people to work on more countries than they might otherwise work on. There's also the possibility of establishing smaller country or regional challenges for places like South East Asia, Japan/China or India etc, much like The 1000 Challenge (Nordic). For this to really work we need diversity and exciting content and editors from a broad range of countries regularly contributing. At some stage we hope to run some contests to benefit Asian content, a destubathon perhaps, aimed at reducing the stub count would be a good place to start, based on the current WikiProject Africa/The Africa Destubathon which has produced near 200 articles in just three days. If you would like to see this happening for Asia, and see potential in this attracting more interest and editors for the country/countries you work on please sign up and being contributing to the challenge! This is a way we can target every country of Asia, and steadily vastly improve the encyclopedia. We need numbers to make this work so consider signing up as a participant! Thank you. -- Ser Amantio di Nicolao Che dicono a Signa?Lo dicono a Signa. 04:48, 21 October 2016 (UTC)

title: User talk:UltraMako101


text:
User talk:Ayeroxor

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:50, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Rouge
Hi Ayeroxor, per you recent edit of this article, do you know the chemical compositions of White rouge, Yellow rouge and Black rouge? --Duk 17:13, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Tangential Gravity
Yes but you don't need TG to explain either RT or KH instabilities (at least not in the lab.)Linuxlad 19:43, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Sichuan Pepper
I've done the move you requested to Sichuan Pepper, it didn't need admin assistance - MPF 11:07, 1 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Interesting; if I understood the help correctly, a user move couldn't be made when the target page exists. Oh well. I'll try it anyway next time :) Thanks.
 * Had you tried to move it to Sichuan pepper, lower case 'p'? - there was a page there, but not at the capitalised name - MPF 15:33, 1 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Ahh, the tricks of the pros ;)

Coin (Image:Roman coin alexandria lighthouse.gif)
Howdy, I found this coin on Lighthouse of Alexandria - it is very interesting. Unfortunately, some details are missing (description). Could you try to find a larger size to upload? Thanks so much, BFN -- Scriberius 09:38, 23 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I was also disappointed that this was the best I could find. But I'll keep looking.  Thanks for the feedback :) -Ayeroxor 17:52, 24 November 2005 (UTC)

The Magnetocaloric Spelling
I am grateful, the article now looks much better. I am somewhat grieved that you removed boiling temperatures like 77 K for liquid nitrogen and 4 K for liquid helium. These are IMHO important to emphasize how impractical the effect was until the room temperature MCE refrigerator was constructed.

About the grammar, sorry, I saw my weaknesses after you have fixed some, and I admit that my grammar and spelling are not appropriate. I hoep to be pardoned because I am not a native speaker, but English is my second language.

I would be much more grateful if you took some other of my articles, like Biot-Savart Law/The limitations of the law paragraph, and others you can find on my contribution list. Feel free to modify. -- Mtodorov 69 09:36, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

Triboelectrification
I was just about to create that same redirect, so I'm curious: are you following the Ares I-X launch coverage too? It seems like quite a coincidence that an obscure term like that would attract its first attention from two editors at the same time! I saw the term used on the launch blog just a few minutes ago, and came here to find more information. –  j ak s mata  14:40, 27 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Exactly! :) --Ayeroxor (talk) 03:50, 17 January 2010 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:53, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ayeroxor


text:
User talk:Cpennen

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:50, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cpennen


text:
User talk:Colin Holgate

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:50, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Expanded Books

The article Expanded Books has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Not notable. Five years without references is enough.

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Stuartyeates (talk) 08:38, 26 November 2014 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Oracle Media Objects

The article Oracle Media Objects has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "don't think this is notable"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Chidgk1 (talk) 14:28, 10 October 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Colin Holgate


text:
User talk:Caid

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:50, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Races3.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Races3.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 08:58, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

Copyright problems with Image:Aha mena1.jpg
An image that you uploaded, Image:Aha mena1.jpg, has been listed at Copyright problems because it is a suspected copyright violation. Please look there if you know that the image is legally usable on Wikipedia (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), and then provide the necessary information there and on its page, if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. TCC (talk) (contribs) 07:39, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Caid


text:
Moskito

Moskito may refer to:

 * Mosquito Island
 * Comte AC-12 Moskito, Swiss light touring airplane
 * Focke-Wulf Ta 154 Moskito, German night fighter

title: Moskito


text: User talk:212.138.47.13

title: User talk:212.138.47.13


text:
Talk:Oymyakon

Hats
I am doing this service project thing. My plan is to make as many hats as possible, then send it to some poor country. This is the first place that I have found that says that any place other than Antartica is the coldest place on Earth, so I intend to send my hats here. I would like to have input on this matter.

Better make them warm hats. The winter high temperatures are -50C

What's the shipping rate on something like this? ;) - Novart

 * It's a wonderfull thought, but keep in mind that any clothes that they have are probably much more practical for keeping them warm than anything that you will send them. I think they'll be happy to wear them in the slightly warmer spring/fall temperatures, though.  Summer, I hear, can be pretty hot sometimes - the temperature can flunctuate by as much as 90 degrees Celcius on extreme years. Esn 07:05, 9 April 2006 (UTC)

The place is mentioned on the RT (TV network) weather slot.

Why would anyone want to live there? Jackiespeel (talk) 18:43, 17 December 2009 (UTC)

Climate data
The data in the climate table is from a cited source. Please do not change the data without citing the source for your information. --Stepheng3 (talk) 21:06, 2 August 2010 (UTC)
 * The article is currently factually inconsistent. None of the record lows in the climate table match the record low that makes the town famous from the description above.  At least one should match.   75.84.184.44 (talk) 01:57, 22 August 2010 (UTC)
 * The two record low temperatures (-65.4 and −67.7) come to us from different sources. The WMO site explains that old thermometer readings needed to be adjusted for evaporation, not a simple matter.  So it is scarcely surprising that different sources disagree.  Also, it's not clear whether the records of Погода и Климат cover a time period that includes 6 February 1933.  Perhaps someone who reads Russian could investigate these issues. --Stepheng3 (talk) 21:24, 22 August 2010 (UTC)
 * I don't read Russian, but it's pretty clear that the Погода и Климат records only go back to about 1943. They have daily records here, where the records are displayed on the right-hand side of the page with a toggle button for highs/lows. There's a box at the bottom of the page to select different months of the year; going through all the months shows many records from 1943 onwards, but none before. So the Погода и Климат records would not include the 1933 temperature. I've included a hidden comment to that effect. Dendrite1 (talk) 02:08, 7 January 2014 (UTC)

I have found that NOAA claims the lowest temperature measured is -90F (-68C) on Feb 6, 1933 Here is the reference. http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/globalextremes.html#lowtemp

70.52.91.241 (talk) 22:56, 21 September 2010 (UTC)Jonathan
 * Your source (the NOAA page) agrees with article text (which cites an ASU page).--Stepheng3 (talk) 23:35, 21 September 2010 (UTC)

How can the ground be permanently frozen if the average daily low is above zero for three months of the year? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.254.79.253 (talk) 10:38, 23 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Like most areas with permafrost, there's an active layer near the surface that thaws in the summer, but the heat does not penetrate far underground. The ground beneath the active layer (probably 1-2m underground here) is still continuously frozen. Dendrite1 (talk) 02:17, 7 January 2014 (UTC)

Köppen climate formula
Oymyakon does not meet the criteria for a second-letter "w" (dry winter) climate, as the driest winter month (January, 6 mm) receives still more than one tenth of the precipitation of the wettest summer month (July, 45 mm) - so I changed the formula to Dfd!--Yadgar (talk) 21:23, 20 May 2016 (UTC)
 * This keeps getting reverted to Dwd. We have pointed out why it does not qualify as Dwd, it is Dfd. Are we supposed to start an edit war?24.108.58.49 (talk) 05:39, 5 November 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Oymyakon. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100616025722/http://wmo.asu.edu/world-lowest-temperature to http://wmo.asu.edu/world-lowest-temperature

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 01:52, 22 May 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Oymyakon. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100616051245/http://wmo.asu.edu/asia-lowest-temperature to http://wmo.asu.edu/asia-lowest-temperature

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:41, 30 November 2017 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Oymyakon. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20150402112047/http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=8443420 to http://sixtyminutes.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=8443420
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101123092218/http://oymyakon2008.webs.com/ to http://oymyakon2008.webs.com/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090829144424/http://askyakutia.com/tag/oymyakon/ to http://askyakutia.com/tag/oymyakon/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20121116062522/http://www.departuresentertainment.com/about.html to http://www.departuresentertainment.com/about.html/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 19:33, 22 January 2018 (UTC)

culture
information about culture 2402:3A80:192F:640F:0:0:0:2 (talk) 11:30, 21 May 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Oymyakon


text:
Coupling reaction

In organic chemistry, a coupling reaction is a type of reaction in which two reactant molecules are bonded together. Such reactions often require the aid of a metal catalyst. In one important reaction type, a main group organometallic compound of the type R-M (where R = organic group, M = main group centre metal atom) reacts with an organic halide of the type R'-X with formation of a new carbon-carbon bond in the product R-R'. The most common type of coupling reaction is the cross coupling reaction.

Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing palladium-catalyzed cross coupling reactions.

Broadly speaking, two types of coupling reactions are recognized:
 * Homocouplings joining two identical partners. The product is symmetrical R\sR
 * Heterocouplings joining two different partners. These reactions are also called cross-coupling reactions. The product is unsymmetrical, R\sR'.

Homo-coupling types
Coupling reactions are illustrated by the Ullmann reaction:

Applications
Coupling reactions are routinely employed in the preparation of pharmaceuticals. Conjugated polymers are prepared using this technology as well.

title: Coupling reaction