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Rugby Viadana

Rugby Viadana 1970 is an Italian rugby union club based in Viadana (province of Mantua, Lombardy). The club was established in 1970, and has since won the Italian championship in 2002, and the Coppa Italia three times. They also compete in European rugby competitions and were runners-up in the European Shield in 2004. Viadana plays in yellow and black. The club did not compete professionally between 2010 and 2012 as they focused their efforts on Aironi. Aironi was based at Viadana's home ground and represented a number of regional teams in the multi-national Celtic League. The FIR withdrew Aironi's licence to play at the end of the 2012, so Viadana reformed as a professional team will play in Italy's top division, the National championship of Excellence, from the 2012–13 season and currently in the Top12.

History
They were founded in 1970 as a rugby sector in the Vitellianense Cebogas Multisports Club by some ex Rugby Parma F.C. players. They started in the lowest possible league, Serie D.

In 1980–81 Viadana won Serie B but after three years the team were relegated back to Serie C. But they bounced back the following year and won promotion back to Serie B. 1986–87 they won promotion to Serie A2 and finished sixth in their first year. However they were relegated back the following year and didn't return for three years.

They finally won promotion to Serie A in 1998–99. In their first season Arix Viadana won the Coppa Italia and made it to the semifinal of the playoffs. In 2000–01 they finished third in the league but again lost in the semifinal playoffs to Benetton Treviso.

In 2002 the Italian championship was reformed with the birth of Super 10 (now Top12). During this season Arix Viadana finished first and beat favourites Benetton Treviso, in the playoffs, and Calvisano, in the final, to win the title of Italian champion for the first time. They were the first team from outside a provincial capital to do so. They won the Coppa Italia a second time in 2003.

In 2004 they became the first Italian team to have made the final of a European competition when they lost the European Shield final 19–25 to Montpellier. In 2007 they defeated Cammi Calvisano to win their third Coppa Italia. In 2008, despite their relatively experienced team, Viadana were beaten in the semifinals by Benetton Treviso and subsequently lost out on a lucrative Heineken Cup place. In the 2008–09 and 2009–10 Super 10 seasons Montepaschi Viadana reaches the final championship, losing both times against Benetton Treviso.

Viadana were the largest shareholders in Aironi, a new team that competed in the 2010–11 and 2012–12 Celtic League. Many of the club's top players joined Aironi on its formation. As of June 2010 it was announced that will the impending establishment of Aironi the club would no longer compete as a professional club. The Senior and Under 20 teams would be merged with GranDucato Parma Rugby. Viadana would continue as an independent club but only below Under 20 level.

At the end of the 2012 Aironi's licence to play in the Pro12 was withdrawn by the FIR. Aironi's place in the Pro12 was taken by newly formed Zebre, a team based in Parma. Many Aironi players joined Zebre on its formation.

Viadana was then reformed as a semi-professional team for the 2012–13 season of the National championship of Excellence, the reformed Italian championship from 2010, with a number of Aironi's players joining them, as well as the head coach Rowland Phillips. They won three titles of the Excellence Trophy in the 2012–13, 2015–16 and 2016–17 seasons.

The 2012–13 was the last season of Silvano Melegari, and of the Arix Group, as president of the club, after 20 years of history. In the summer of 2014, a new company is at the helm of the team, the Rugby Viadana 1970 S.r.l., founded to keep the club at the highest national level, despite economic difficulties. They currently compete in Top12.

Honours

 * Italian championship
 * Champions (1): 2001–02
 * Runners-up (3): 2006–07, 2008–09, 2009–10
 * Coppa Italia
 * Champions (3): 1999–2000, 2002–03, 2006–07
 * Runners-up (2): 2003–04, 2004–05
 * Excellence Trophy
 * Champions (3): 2012–13, 2015–16, 2016–17
 * Italian Super Cup:
 * Champions (1)
 * European Shield
 * Runners-up (1): 2003–04

Current squad
The Viadana squad for 2023–24:

Italian players
Former players who have played for Viadana and have caps for Italy:

 * 🇮🇹 Matías Agüero
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Benatti
 * 🇮🇹 Cristian Bezzi
 * 🇮🇹 Luca Bigi
 * 🇮🇹 Giorgio Bronzini
 * 🇮🇹 Pablo Canavosio
 * 🇮🇹 Sandro Ceppolino
 * 🇮🇹 Carlo Del Fava
 * 🇮🇹 Santiago Dellapè
 * 🇮🇹 Jaco Erasmus
 * 🇮🇹 Ignacio Fernández Rouyet
 * 🇮🇹 Joshua Furno
 * 🇮🇹 Quintin Geldenhuys
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Masi
 * 🇮🇹 Matteo Mazzantini
 * 🇮🇹 Ian McKinley
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Moretti
 * 🇮🇹 Carlos Nieto
 * 🇮🇹 Corrado Pilat
 * 🇮🇹 Samuele Pace
 * 🇮🇹 Gilberto Pavan
 * 🇮🇹 Riccardo Pavan
 * 🇮🇹 Roberto Pedrazzi
 * 🇮🇹 Aaron Persico
 * 🇮🇹 Matthew Phillips
 * 🇮🇹 Matteo Pratichetti
 * 🇮🇹 Roberto Quartaroli
 * 🇮🇹 Juan Manuel Queirolo
 * 🇮🇹 Kaine Robertson
 * 🇮🇹 Lorenzo Romano
 * 🇮🇹 Federico Ruzza
 * 🇮🇹 Diego Saccà
 * 🇮🇹 Mario Savi
 * 🇮🇹 Stefano Saviozzi
 * 🇮🇹 Michele Sepe
 * 🇮🇹 Josh Sole
 * 🇮🇹 Cherif Traorè
 * 🇮🇹 Pietro Travagli

Overseas players
Former players who have played for Viadana and have caps for their respective country:

 * 🇦🇷 Germán Araoz
 * 🇦🇷 Julio-César García
 * 🇦🇷 Juan Cruz Guillemaín
 * 🇦🇷 Javier Rojas
 * 🇦🇺 Tom Bowman
 * 🇦🇺 Lloyd Johansson
 * 🇨🇦 Phil Murphy
 * 🏴 Tom Beim
 * 🇫🇯 Isoa Neivua
 * 🇭🇺–🇨🇭 Luca Tramontin
 * 🇳🇿 Dion Waller
 * 🇳🇿 Mark Finlay
 * 🇳🇿 Brett Harvey
 * 🇳🇿 Sean Hohneck
 * 🇳🇿 Sam Harding
 * 🇳🇿 Tana Umaga
 * 🇼🇸 Daniel Farani
 * 🇼🇸 Dominic Fe'aunati
 * 🇼🇸 Ali Koko
 * 🇼🇸 Siaosi Vaili
 * Stuart Moffat
 * 🇹🇴 Inoke Afeaki
 * 🇹🇴 Pierre Hola
 * 🇹🇴 Dave Tiueti
 * 🇺🇸 Nick Civetta
 * 🏴 Adrian Durston
 * 🏴 Sonny Parker

title: Rugby Viadana


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L'Aquila Rugby

L'Aquila Rugby 1936 was an Italian rugby union club based in L'Aquila, the capital of Abruzzo. The official colours of the club were black and green, the colours of the city of L'Aquila. The club went into liquidation and disbanded in 2018.

History
The roots of L'Aquila Rugby date back to the 1930s when, between 1936 and 1942, L'Aquila took part in tournaments organized by the Comandi Federali della GIL. It reached its peak in the 1937–38 season when, after Tommaso Fattori, a legendary figure for the history of the club (the stadium of L'Aquila, Stadio Tommaso Fattori is named after him), joined the team, the club won the local tournament qualifying for the final one, where it finished the season fourth out of 54 participants. It first played in a championship in 1948.

In 1949–50 L'Aquila participated in the Serie B and were in contention for promotion to Serie A up to the final game of the season, Genoa eventually winning out. The following year the team won promotion to the Serie A then the highest division in Italy. In 1958–59 they were losing finalists in the Serie A Grand Final. In 1963–64 they were relegated to Serie B, but returned to Serie A the following year. They won their first title in 1967 defeating Fiamme Oro Padova 6 to 0. Two years later they won their second title after having won 18 games out of 22 without losing a match.

The 1970s weren't a good decade for the Aquilani, as they won only one Italian Cup in 1973. In the 1980s they won two more titles in 1981 (league and cup double) and 1982. These were the years of Massimo Mascioletti (54 caps with the Italian national team), Serafino Ghizzoni (60 caps) and Luigi Troiani (47 caps). Then another period of not brilliant results followed, before they could celebrate their fifth title in 1993–94 after having defeated Milan 23–14 in the historical final in Padua. In 1999–2000 L'Aquila Rugby played another final for the Italian title, losing 35–17 against Roma in the match played in the Flaminio stadium.

In 2001–02 L'Aquila were part of the newly formed Super 10 (now Top12).

In 2009–10 L'Aquila were promoted back to the National Championship of Excellence, finishing 8th in this season.

Current squad
2014-15:

 * International are capped in Bold

Honours

 * National Championship of Excellence:
 * Champions: 1967, 1969, 1981, 1982, 1994
 * Coppa Italia:
 * Champions: 1973, 1981
 * Reserves Championship:
 * Champions: 1967, 1970, 1973, 1975, 1985
 * Under 19/20:
 * Champions: 1950, 1960, 1965, 1966, 1979, 1981, 1995, 1997
 * Under 17/18:
 * Champions: 1977
 * Coppa Primavera Under 17:
 * Champions: 1967
 * Under 15/16:
 * Champions: 1977

Notable players

 * Carlo Festuccia (Italy)
 * Andrea Lo Cicero (Italy)
 * Andrea Masi (Italy)
 * Gert Peens (Italy)
 * Luigi Troiani (Italy)
 * Maurizio Zaffiri (Italy)
 * Simon Picone (Italy)
 * Rob Louw (South Africa)
 * Joel Stransky (South Africa)
 * Mike Brewer (New Zealand)
 * Frano Botica (New Zealand)
 * Loki Crichton (Samoa)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: L'Aquila Rugby


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Talk:Die Promethean

Die Promethean - my reasons for posting it

Not vanity, as it has nothing personaly to do with me.

It was a magazine that I encountered in my younger years with some interesting work in it, which may well come to be regarded as important over time. I will add more to this when I get the time, and I know of others who may well do so to.

title: Talk:Die Promethean


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File:Neschek-horns.jpg

User I. Neschek circa 1996, with horns. Taken by me.

title: File:Neschek-horns.jpg


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Talk:List of World Organization of the Scout Movement members

Six sovereign countries as without Scouting
The current text states "In 2020, WOSM listed six sovereign countries as without Scouting; the list omitted Vatican City", but it only lists five, not six, other than Vatican City. Does anyone know what the 6th is? --Bduke (talk) 01:59, 6 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Not me. --evrik (talk) 16:00, 6 June 2022 (UTC)

 * The list in this section has been updated several times since its creation, but nobody changed the counter from "six" to "five" - which is also incorrect (Andorra has at least one active Scout unit and the PRC has Scouting). --jergen (talk) 10:34, 7 June 2022 (UTC)


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Biphenyl

Biphenyl (also known as diphenyl, phenylbenzene, 1,1′-biphenyl, lemonene or BP) is an organic compound that forms colorless crystals. Particularly in older literature, compounds containing the functional group consisting of biphenyl less one hydrogen (the site at which it is attached) may use the prefixes xenyl or diphenylyl.

It has a distinctively pleasant smell. Biphenyl is an aromatic hydrocarbon with a molecular formula (C6H5)2. It is notable as a starting material for the production of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which were once widely used as dielectric fluids and heat transfer agents.

Biphenyl is also an intermediate for the production of a host of other organic compounds such as emulsifiers, optical brighteners, crop protection products, and plastics. Biphenyl is insoluble in water, but soluble in typical organic solvents. The biphenyl molecule consists of two connected phenyl rings.

Properties and occurrence
Biphenyl is a solid at room temperature, with a melting point of 69.2 C. In the gas phase the molecule exists in two enantiomorphic twisted forms with an angle between the planes of the two rings of 44.4°. In the room-temperature solid, biphenyl is crystalline with space group P2$1$/c, which does not allow for chiral crystals. Rather than there being a double-well potential entailing the two twisted conformations, the potential energy is minimized at zero twist.

Biphenyl occurs naturally in coal tar, crude oil, and natural gas and can be isolated from these sources via distillation. It is produced industrially as a byproduct of the dealkylation of toluene to produce methane:
 * C6H5CH3 + C6H6 -> C6H5\sC6H5 + CH4

The other principal route is by the oxidative dehydrogenation of benzene:
 * 2 C6H6 + ½ O2 -> C6H5\sC6H5 + H2O

Annually 40,000,000 kg are produced by these routes.

In the laboratory, biphenyl can also be synthesized by treating phenylmagnesium bromide with copper(II) salts.

It can also be prepared using diazonium salts. When aniline is treated with NaNO2+dilute HCl at 5°C, it yields benzene diazonium chloride. When this is further reacted with benzene, biphenyl is formed. This is known as the Gomberg–Bachmann reaction.

Reactions and uses
Lacking functional groups, biphenyl is fairly non-reactive, which is the basis of its main application: in a eutectic mixture with diphenyl ether, as a heat transfer agent. This mixture is stable to 400 °C.

Biphenyl does undergo sulfonation which, followed by base hydrolysis, produces p-hydroxybiphenyl and p,p′-dihydroxybiphenyl, which are useful fungicides. In other substitution reactions, it undergoes halogenation. Polychlorinated biphenyls were once popular pesticides.

Li biphenyl radical
Lithium biphenyl contains the radical anion, which is highly reducing (-3.1 V vs Fc+/0). Several solvates of alkali metal salts of biphenyl anion have been characterized by X-ray crystallography. These salts, usually prepared in situ, are versatile reducing agents. Lithium biphenyl offers some advantages relative to the related lithium naphthene. Related to Li/biphenyl is the derivative with tert-butyl groups on the biphenyl.

Stereochemistry
Rotation about the single bond in biphenyl, and especially its ortho-substituted derivatives, is sterically hindered. For this reason, some substituted biphenyls show atropisomerism; that is, the individual C2-symmetric-isomers are optically stable. Some derivatives, as well as related molecules such as BINAP, find application as ligands in asymmetric synthesis. In the case of unsubstituted biphenyl, the equilibrium torsional angle is 44.4° and the torsional barriers are quite small, 6.0 kJ/mol at 0° and 6.5 kJ/mol at 90°. Adding ortho substituents greatly increases the barrier: in the case of the 2,2'-dimethyl derivative, the barrier is 17.4 kcal/mol (72.8 kJ/mol).

Biphenyl compounds
Substituted biphenyls have many uses. They are prepared by various coupling reactions including the Suzuki-Miyaura reaction and the Ullmann reaction. Polychlorinated biphenyls were once used as cooling and insulating fluids and polybrominated biphenyls are flame retardants. The biphenyl motif also appears in drugs such as diflunisal and telmisartan. The abbreviation E7 stands for a liquid crystal mixture consisting of several cyanobiphenyls with long aliphatic tails used commercially in liquid crystal displays (5CB, 7CB, 8OCB and 5CT ). A variety of benzidine derivatives are used in dyes and polymers. Research into biphenyl liquid crystal candidates mainly focuses on molecules with highly polar heads (for example cyano or halide groups) and aliphatic tails. It is part of the active group in the antibiotic oritavancin.

Safety and bioactivity
Biphenyl prevents the growth of molds and fungus, and is therefore used as a preservative (E230, in combination with E231, E232 and E233), particularly in the preservation of citrus fruits during transportation. It is no longer approved as a food additive in the European Union.

Biphenyl is mildly toxic, but can be degraded biologically by conversion into nontoxic compounds. Some bacteria are able to hydroxylate biphenyl and its polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs).

title: Biphenyl


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Raynell Andreychuk

Anita Raynell Andreychuk (born August 14, 1944) is a retired Canadian senator, lawyer, judge, and diplomat.

Career
A native of Saskatoon, Andreychuk graduated from the University of Saskatchewan with a BA in 1966 and a law degree in 1967, after which she began her legal practice in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan. In 1976, she was appointed a judge of the Saskatchewan provincial court after having initiated Regina's first family court. She also served from 1977 to 1983 as chancellor of the University of Regina and was chair of the Saskatchewan Institute of Public Policy, a policy research institute created in 2000 by the University of Regina, the University of Saskatchewan and the First Nations University of Canada.

In 1985, Andreychuk was appointed associate deputy minister of social services in the province. Two years later, she was named Canada's High Commissioner to Kenya and Uganda and ambassador to Somalia and the Comoros before becoming ambassador to Portugal in 1990. She was also named, the same year, as Canada's permanent representative to the United Nations Environmental Programme and the United Nations Human Settlements Programme. From 1988 to 1993, she was Canada's permanent representative to the United Nations Human Rights Commission.

In 1993, she was named to the Senate by Governor General Ray Hnatyshyn on the advice of Prime Minister Brian Mulroney. Andreychuk sat as a Progressive Conservative until 2004 when she joined the Conservative Party of Canada.

She was also active in the Upper House urging recognition of the Ukrainian famine of 1932 to 1933 as a genocide. In 2008, she was awarded the Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise.

Andreychuk was one of thirteen Canadians banned from traveling to Russia under retaliatory sanctions imposed by Russian President Vladimir Putin in March 2014.

Having been appointed in 1993, she was, following the retirement of Anne Cools on August 12, 2018, the longest-serving member of the Senate until her own retirement on August 14, 2019.

Chair

 * Foreign Affairs (2010 - 2019)
 * Human Rights (2001–2009)
 * Aboriginal Peoples (1994–1996)

Vice-Chair

 * Conflict of Interest for Senators (2004–2009)
 * Legal and Constitutional Affairs (2004–2008)
 * Rules, Procedure and the Rights of Parliament (2004–2007)
 * Foreign Affairs (1997–1999)
 * Aboriginal Peoples (1996–1997)

Publications

 * The work of the Standing Senate Committee on Human Rights: an overview of Children: The Silenced Citizens. Saskatchewan Law Review. 71:23-38 no.1 2008.
 * Democracy in the 21st century: Children: the silenced citizens. Canadian Parliamentary Review. 30 (2):2-3 Summer 2007
 * Human rights and Canadian foreign policy. University of New Brunswick Law Journal. 45:311-17 1996 (Annual).

title: Raynell Andreychuk


text:
List of Super Bowl halftime shows

Halftime shows are a tradition during American football games at all levels of competition. Entertainment during the Super Bowl, the annual championship game of the National Football League (NFL), represents a fundamental link to pop culture, which helps broaden the television audience and nationwide interest.

Background
During most of the Super Bowl's first decade (starting on January 15, 1967), the halftime show featured a college marching band. The show's second decade featured a more varied show, often featuring drill teams and other performance ensembles; the group Up with People produced and starred in four of the performances. Starting in the 1990s, to counter other networks' efforts to counterprogram the game, the show would be headlined by popular music acts each year, including New Kids on the Block, Michael Jackson, Gloria Estefan, Clint Black, Patti LaBelle, and Tony Bennett.

Starting with Super Bowl XXXII, commercial sponsors presented the halftime show; within five years, the tradition of having a theme—begun with Super Bowl III—ended, replaced by major music productions by arena rock bands and other high-profile acts. In the six years immediately following an incident at Super Bowl XXXVIII where Justin Timberlake exposed one of Janet Jackson's breasts in an alleged "wardrobe malfunction", all of the halftime shows consisted of a performance by one artist or group, with the musicians in that era primarily being rock artists from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. These shows were considered "family friendly" and the time in which they took place has been described as "the age of reactionary halftime shows".

Since Super Bowl XLV, the halftime show has returned to featuring popular contemporary musicians, with the typical format featuring a single headline artist collaborating with a small number of guest acts.

The NFL does not pay the halftime show performers an appearance fee, though it covers all expenses for the performers and their entourage of band members, management, technical crew, security personnel, family, and friends. The Super Bowl XXVII halftime show with Michael Jackson provided an exception, as the NFL and Frito-Lay agreed to make a donation and provide commercial time for Jackson's Heal the World Foundation. According to Nielsen SoundScan data, the halftime performers regularly experience significant spikes in weekly album sales and paid digital downloads due to the exposure. For Super Bowl XLIX, it was reported by the Wall Street Journal that league officials asked representatives of potential acts if they would be willing to provide financial compensation to the NFL in exchange for their appearance, in the form of either an up-front fee, or a cut of revenue from concert performances made after the Super Bowl. While these reports were denied by an NFL spokeswoman, the request had, according to the Journal, received a "chilly" response from those involved.

History
The following is a list of the performers, producers, themes, and sponsors for each Super Bowl game's show. This list does not include national anthem performers, which are listed in the article List of national anthem performers at the Super Bowl. Names in bold are headline performers.

Super Bowl XL
For the Rolling Stones, the stage was in the form of the group's iconic tongue logo (John Pasche's design first used in 1971 on their Sticky Fingers album). It was the largest stage ever assembled for a Super Bowl halftime show, with 28 separate pieces assembled in five minutes by a 600-member volunteer stage crew. The group performed three songs: "Start Me Up", "Rough Justice", and "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction". The show was viewed by 89.9 million people, more than the audiences for the Oscars, Grammys and Emmy Awards combined. In the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy with Janet Jackson and Justin Timberlake, ABC and the NFL imposed a five-second delay and censored lyrics considered too sexually explicit in the first two songs by briefly turning off Mick Jagger's microphone—censoring to which the group had previously agreed. However, the choice of the Rolling Stones sparked controversy in the Detroit community because the band did not represent the traditional Detroit "Motown Sound", and no artists from the area were included.

Achievements

 * The Super Bowl XXVII halftime show starring Michael Jackson is the most watched Super Bowl halftime show, with a TV audience of more than 133.4 million viewers.
 * The Super Bowl LIV halftime show starring Shakira and Jennifer Lopez is the most viewed Super Bowl halftime show on YouTube with more than 295 million views.
 * Based on online metrics, TicketSource revealed that the Super Bowl LIV halftime show starring Shakira and Jennifer Lopez is the "world's most popular" halftime show.
 * The Super Bowl LVI halftime show starring Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Eminem, Mary J. Blige, and Kendrick Lamar is the first Super Bowl halftime show to win the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Variety Special (Live).
 * The Super Bowl LI halftime show starring Lady Gaga is the most nominated Super Bowl halftime show in Emmy Awards history, winning one (Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lighting Design / Lighting Direction for a Variety Special) out of its record six nominations.

title: List of Super Bowl halftime shows


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Rugby Calvisano

Rugby Calvisano is an Italian rugby union club currently competing in the Top12. They are based in Calvisano (Province of Brescia), in Lombardy. They were founded in 1970 by a group of players: Tonino Montanari, Gianluigi Vaccari and Alfredo Gavazzi. In 1992 the club became “Rugby Calvisano S.r.l.”

History
Calvisano were founded in 1970 by a group of players, in 1992 the club became “Rugby Calvisano S.r.l.” Calvisano first qualified for European competition for the 1999–2000 season, where they competed in the European Challenge Cup, playing six pool games, though they did not win any. They qualified for their first Heineken Cup for the 2001–02 season, though it was season after where the club won a couple of their pool games, but they have yet to make the finals.

In the May FIR Federal Council meeting, Rugby Calvisano officially decided not to exercise its right to participate in the Italian Championship of Excellence Peroni TOP10 2023/2024.

Honours

 * Italian championship
 * Champions (7): 2004–05, 2007–08, 2011–12, 2013–14, 2014–15, 2016–17, 2018−19
 * Runners-up (7): 2000–01, 2001–02, 2002–03, 2003–04, 2005–06, 2015–16, 2017–18
 * Coppa Italia
 * Champions (1): 2003–04
 * Runners-up (3): 1998–99, 2002–03, 2006–07
 * Excellence Trophy
 * Champions (2): 2011–12, 2014–15
 * Intercontinental Cup
 * Champions (1): 2006
 * European Rugby Continental Shield
 * Champions (1): 2019

Current squad
The Calvisano squad for 2022–23 season:

Italian players
Former players who have played for Calvisano and have caps for Italy:

 * 🇮🇹 Manfredi Albanese
 * 🇮🇹 Caludio Appiani
 * 🇮🇹 Sergio Appiani
 * 🇮🇹 Valerio Bernabò
 * 🇮🇹 Massimo Bonomi
 * 🇮🇹 Paolo Buso
 * 🇮🇹 Pablo Canavosio
 * 🇮🇹 Tommaso Castello
 * 🇮🇹 Martin Castrogiovanni
 * 🇮🇹 Lorenzo Cittadini
 * 🇮🇹 Salvatore Costanzo
 * 🇮🇹 Giambattista Croci
 * 🇮🇹 Marcello Cuttitta
 * 🇮🇹 Massimo Cuttitta
 * 🇮🇹 David Dal Maso
 * 🇮🇹 Tommaso D'Apice
 * 🇮🇹 Giampiero De Carli
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea De Rossi
 * 🇮🇹 Jaco Erasmus
 * 🇮🇹 Gabriel Filizzola
 * 🇮🇹 Gonzalo García
 * 🇮🇹 Leonardo Ghiraldini
 * 🇮🇹 Renato Giammarioli
 * 🇮🇹 Paul Griffen
 * 🇮🇹 Kelly Haimona
 * 🇮🇹 Giorgio Intoppa
 * 🇮🇹 Benjamin de Jager
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Lovotti
 * 🇮🇹 Roberto Mandelli
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Marcato
 * 🇮🇹 Roland de Marigny
 * 🇮🇹 Nicola Mazzucato
 * 🇮🇹 Maxime Mbanda
 * 🇮🇹 Luke McLean
 * 🇮🇹 Matteo Minozzi
 * 🇦🇷 🇮🇹 Alex Moreno
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Moretti
 * 🇮🇹 Ludovico Nitoglia
 * 🇮🇹 Guglielmo Palazzani
 * 🇮🇹 Sami Panico
 * 🇮🇹 Gert Peens
 * 🇮🇹 Aaron Persico
 * 🇮🇹 Salvatore Perugini
 * 🇮🇹 Simon Picone
 * 🇮🇹 Marco Platania
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Pratichetti
 * 🇮🇹 Matteo Pratichetti
 * 🇮🇹 Giovanni Raineri
 * 🇮🇹 Massimo Ravazzolo
 * 🇮🇹 Marco Riccioni
 * 🇮🇹 Lorenzo Romano
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Scanavacca
 * 🇮🇹 Fabio Semenzato
 * 🇮🇹 Antonio Spagnoli
 * 🇮🇹 Warren Spragg
 * 🇮🇹 Marko Stanojevic
 * 🇮🇹 Braam Steyn
 * 🇮🇹 Paolo Vaccari
 * 🇮🇹 Marcello Violi
 * 🇮🇹 Michele Visentin
 * 🇮🇹 Samuela Vunisa
 * 🇮🇹 Maurizio Zaffiri
 * 🇮🇹 Alessandro Zanni
 * 🇮🇹 Cristiano Zanoletti
 * 🇮🇹 Matteo Zanusso
 * 🇮🇹 Giosuè Zilocchi
 * 🇮🇹 🇳🇿 Matthew Phillips - Scored a try against his Home Country of NZ in the 2003 Rugby World Cup.

Foreign players
Former players who have played for Calvisano and have caps for their respective country:

 * 🇦🇷 Gabriel Bocca
 * 🇦🇷 Franco Brarda
 * 🇦🇷 Emiliano Mulieri
 * 🇦🇷 Juan León Novillo
 * 🇦🇷 Joaquín Paz
 * 🇦🇺 Rod Moore
 * 🇧🇷 Lorenzo Massari
 * Sekonaia Kalou
 * 🇳🇿 Shayne Philpott
 * Johan Ackermann
 * 🏴 Ben Evans
 * 🇼🇸 Tusi Pisi
 * 🇷🇴 Florin Surugiu
 * 🇷🇴 Florin Vlaicu
 * 🇹🇴 Paino Hehea
 * 🇹🇴 Milton Ngauamo

title: Rugby Calvisano


text:
Talk:List of Super Bowl halftime shows

Networks
I think adding which network broadcast which game would be valuable. If there is no disagreement, I can work on getting that done. Overboard (talk) 19:46, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

yes, please include that information. shadude (talk) 23:04, 7 Feb 2009 (PST)

Please include songs/set list as a separate column
Frankly, I could care less about who the corporate sponsor is for the Superbowl Halftime Show. It's much more interesting to know what songs the artist played.

Also, please restore as much of the detail as possible about each respective halftime show.

I don't know why the set list and the details were removed. The revision from 08:12, 7 February 2010, is much more useful than this current version.

I would restore the information under "Details on specific shows," but the page is semi-protected from registered users like myself. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Shadude (talk • contribs) 06:53, 8 February 2010 (UTC)

Reorganization

 * Starting a complete re-organization of the table. It fell very far short of wiki standards; it was very difficult to read, follow, and the number of columns was excessive. I'm basing the layout on existing NFL tables. It is a work in progress. Doctorindy (talk) 16:40, 9 December 2011 (UTC)

Format suggestion

 * Here is one suggestion, to eliminate the first column (which can get tall and narrow at times). A little bolder, but adds some look to the article. Doctorindy (talk) 21:49, 9 December 2011 (UTC)

Changing channel over to South Park
During the halftime show of either 1997 or 1998, a large portion of the audience switched over to see South Park on Comedy Central. Comedy Central scheduled this on purpose and it netted them a LOT of fans to the show, which at the time was brand new. Why isn't this mentioned in the article? --76.115.67.114 (talk) 08:12, 1 February 2012 (UTC)

Most appearances
Although the ESPN source certainly says that Up With People appeared in four halftime shows and that this is more than any other performer or act, this claim is contradicted by this very list. According to the list, Up With People appeared in five halftime shows, not four (1971, 1976, 1980, 1982, and 1986). However, the Grambling State University Marching Band has appeared in six halftime shows (1967, 1968, 1975, 1980, 1987, and 1998) according to our list. That ESPN article looks like a lazy pre-Super Bowl filler, based entirely on a single interview with an Up With People rep and with no fact-checking. cmadler (talk) 16:01, 15 December 2013 (UTC)

Ratings
TV Ratings
 * 2012; 114 million
 * 2013; 110.8 million
 * 2014; 115.3 million — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.12.52.124 (talk) 03:50, 4 February 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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Playback music
Hello, can someone distinguish between live and prerecorded performances? --167.57.54.178 (talk) 22:43, 19 July 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110209154644/http://msn.foxsports.com:80/nfl/lists/Top_Super_Bowl_halftime_performances?GT1=39002 to http://msn.foxsports.com/nfl/lists/Top_Super_Bowl_halftime_performances?GT1=39002#photo-title=Aerosmith,%20Super%20Bowl%20XXXV&photo=8442692
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Source
Can definitely break out more than a section on the halftime show as a cultural event... czar 07:21, 3 February 2017 (UTC)
 * https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/02/arts/music/super-bowl-halftime-lady-gaga-women-pop-stars.html

Conflicting Info.
Some of the info in this list doesn't match up with NFL.com's list. http://www.nfl.com/superbowl/history/entertainment Example: SBI - this list shows - Performers: University of Arizona Symphonic Marching Band & Grambling State University Marching Band, Al Hirt, Anaheim High School Drill Team and Flag Girls. The NFL.com list shows - Universities of Arizona and Michigan Bands for the National Anthem and haftime show. It also shows - University of Arizona & Grambling University with Al Hirt as pregame show. NFL.com doesn't list Grambling & Al Hirt as being part of the halftime show and doesn't mention the Anaheim High School Drill Team at all.

I don't know which is correct and did not check the whole list, but the creator of this page might want to double check the info.Jdtrue63 (talk) 02:08, 7 February 2017 (UTC)

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Up With People not in the 1971 Half Time
See the link: https://web.archive.org/web/20140217234643/http://upwithpeople.org/about/history/ Also this was called to my attention by Kathy Kelly, who manages a Facebook page for Up With People. I will make this correction in the article. Karin D. E. Everett (talk) 02:45, 5 February 2018 (UTC)

Three Stooges
Somebody keeps adding that the Three Stooges performed at the halftime show of the first Super Bowl. This seems dubious to me. The only reference I can find to this (other than sites that I'm pretty sure got the information from us) is this story from Larry Fine's autobiography: We made a boat-load of money when the Columbia shorts were sold to television in the '50's. Moe got a call from Fred Friendly over at CBS asking if the Stooges wanted to perform during the half-time show for something called the Super Bowl. Pudd'nhead Joe thought it was an invitation to put in a personal appearance at the opening of a new septic tank store, but Moe said it was a football game. What do I know from football? A bunch of burly hot dogs chasing a ball up and down a field is too violent for me. I prefer playing the ponies. The knuckleheads in the audience went wild as The Stooges took to the field. We killed! After our classic 'Niagara Falls' and 'Ah-Ha! Ma-Ha!' routines we broke into a toe-tapping rendition of 'We're Coming to Your House.' During the third chorus, I noticed some thick-necked Bronco Nagurski talking to my Mabel in the stands. He must have thought she was an eligible receiver, because by the looks of things, a football wasn't the only inflated orb he was making a pass at. I shook my fist and shouted, 'I'm warning you! Stop trying to steal my wife, you horse thief.' The crowd thought it was part of the act, but I wasn't joking. Blinded by jealousy -- my Mabel is a looker, and can she cook -- I didn't realize the camera was on me when I flipped the pigskin-palooka the 'Italian salute.' Hoo-boy, did I get in Dutch with the top brass at CBS. Not only did I have to pay a fine of $42.50, which was a lot of money in those days, the network banned me from appearing on 'Family Affair.' I'd like to think that had I landed the role of 'Uncle Bill,' poor misguided Buffy would still be alive to this day. A cute story, but I think it's baloney. First of all, Friendly was gone from CBS before the first Super Bowl was aired. Assuming this is even supposed to be the first Super Bowl, it wasn't called that then. Family Affair premiered in 1966, the year before Super Bowl I. It seems like if there had been an incident like this during the first Super Bowl (Larry Fine flipping someone off on national television in the 1960s), there'd be references to it online, and it'd be generally remembered. There are a few sites dedicated to cataloging every Three Stooges appearance; none of them have a reference to the Super Bowl. We don't say anything about it either on the Super Bowl I page or the Three Stooges page. I would guess that Fine's story is probably an exaggerated account of an incident that happened at an earlier football game. If nobody objects, I'm going to remove that from the article (unless somebody can find a more reliable source).— Chowbok  ☠  14:54, 4 February 2019 (UTC)
 * I just did a search at Newspapers.com for "Three Stooges" in January 1967 and only got listings for their TV show. Surely this incident would have made the newspapers? Or even just that fact that they performed would have been mentioned.— Chowbok  ☠  15:08, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

Super Bowl LV
Some info on LV's halftime show has been released. I have edited that in. Can someone add the source I have given below. https://www.nfl.com/news/the-weeknd-to-headline-pepsi-super-bowl-lv-halftime-show — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:644:8103:5DB0:38FB:AEA5:553B:DF0E (talk) 21:43, 12 November 2020 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 23:20, 10 February 2021 (UTC)
 * SuperBowl I - Los Angeles Coliseum (cropped).jpg

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 04:25, 8 October 2021 (UTC)
 * SuperBowl I - Los Angeles Coliseum (cropped).jpg

Vandalism watch
Please keep an eye out for anonymous IPv6 editors inserting supporting acts into the Super Bowl LVII entry that have no sources or basis. I have reverted several but have stopped for the time being to avoid an edit war. J. Myrle Fuller (talk) 00:42, 27 January 2023 (UTC)

HALFTIME SHOW FOR 2023
Needs to have an individual page for the halftime show 2023 Kst daniel (talk) 07:58, 2 February 2023 (UTC)

 * We'll get there. I think standard procedure is that we usually create the page after it's happened. J. Myrle Fuller (talk) 15:56, 7 February 2023 (UTC)

Super Bowl XL (Rolling Stones)
I'm not sure why this is included here, and not on its own individual page for the Super Bowl XL halftime show. Split this information, even if it is a stub.  conman33  (. . .talk)  04:19, 15 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of Super Bowl halftime shows


text:
User talk:195.93.21.99

Proposed deletion of Gaubildstelle

The article Gaubildstelle has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Non-notable topic. Single-sentence stub, unsourced since 2007."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. asilvering (talk) 20:48, 2 May 2022 (UTC)

title: User talk:195.93.21.99


text:
Petrarca Rugby

Petrarca Rugby is a professional rugby union club from Padua, Italy, currently competing in the top tier of the Italian rugby union, the Serie A Elite.

Founded in 1947, the team is the rugby union branch of the Unione Sportiva Petrarca, an omnisport club that includes also basketball, futsal, volleyball, fencing and football.

They have won 15 league titles, 11 of them between 1969–70 and 1986–87 seasons; their most recent successes in the Italian championship came 24 years after their latest feat, at the end of the 2010–11 season, and in recent years appearing in four straight finals 3 against rugby delta Rovigo (2020-21,2021-22,2022-23)and 1 against rugby viadana (2023-24) and winning two (2021-22 and 2023-24).

Petrarca is the tied 2nd most successful side in the Italian championship with Benetton rugby (15 time champions) and behind amatori rugby Milano (18 time champions)

Honours

 * Italian championship
 * Champions (15): 1969–70, 1970–71, 1971–72, 1972–73, 1973–74, 1976–77, 1979–80, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1985–86, 1986–87, 2010–11, 2017–18, 2021−22, 2023−24
 * Runners-up (3): 1997–98, 1998–99,2020−21,2022-23
 * Coppa Italia/Excellence Trophy
 * Champions (4): 1981–82, 2000–01, 2021−22, 2022−23
 * Runners-up (4): 1980–81, 2007–08, 2009–10, 2015–16

Current squad
The squad for the Serie A Elite season is:

Italian players
Former players who have played for Petrarca and have caps for Italy:

 * 🇮🇹 Giuseppe Artuso
 * 🇮🇹 Enrico Bacchin
 * 🇮🇹 Mattia Bellini
 * 🇮🇹 Alberto Benettin
 * 🇮🇹 Mauro Bergamasco
 * 🇮🇹 Mirco Bergamasco
 * 🇮🇹 Lucio Boccaletto
 * 🇮🇹 Marco Bortolami
 * 🇮🇹 Alberto Chillon
 * 🇮🇹 Dario Chistolini
 * 🇮🇹 Oscar Collodo
 * 🇮🇹 Manuel Dallan
 * 🇮🇹 Renato de Bernardo
 * 🇮🇹 Paul Derbyshire
 * 🇮🇹 Angelo Esposito
 * 🇮🇹 Piergianni Farina
 * 🇮🇹 Roberto Favaro
 * 🇮🇹 Antonio Galeazzo
 * 🇮🇹 Mauro Gardin
 * 🇮🇹 Guglielmo Geremia
 * 🇮🇹 Leonardo Ghiraldini
 * 🇮🇹 Marzio Innocenti
 * 🇮🇹 Andrea Marcato
 * 🇮🇹 Luca Martin
 * 🇮🇹 Fulvio Lorigiola
 * 🇮🇹 Luigi Luise
 * 🇮🇹 Luciano Orquera
 * 🇮🇹 Mario Piovan
 * 🇮🇹 Pasquale Presutti
 * 🇮🇹 Michele Rizzo
 * 🇮🇹 Roberto Saetti
 * 🇮🇹 Alberto Sgarbi
 * 🇮🇹 Samuela Vunisa

Overseas players
Former players who have played for Petrarca and have caps for their respective country:

 * 🇦🇺 Mark Bartholomeusz
 * 🇦🇺 David Campese
 * 🇦🇺 David Knox
 * 🇦🇺 Brendan Williams
 * Rodrigo Fernández
 * Sisa Koyamaibole
 * Nicky Little
 * 🇫🇷 Guy Pardiès
 * Stuart Grimes
 * Theuns Stofberg
 * Rudolf Straeuli
 * Cameron Oliver
 * Kobus Wiese
 * 🇹🇴 James Faiva
 * 🏴 Richie Collins

title: Petrarca Rugby


text:
User talk:MMMEEE

Please take a look at Neutral point of view. Your edits on Microsoft Windows did not adhere to the neutral point of view (NPOV) policy at Wikipedia. Thank you. Rhobite 23:01, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:MMMEEE


text:
12th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)

The 12th Panzer Division was an armoured division in the German Army, established in 1940.

In October 1940 the 2nd Motorised Infantry Division was reorganized as the 12th Panzer Division, and in June 1941 it joined Operation Barbarossa, fighting in the battles of Minsk and Smolensk. It fought the rest of the war on the Eastern Front and surrendered to the Red Army in the Courland Pocket in May 1945.

History
The division was formed from the 2nd Infantry Division, itself formed in 1921. The division was motorised in 1936–37 and participated in the invasions of Poland and France. It was reorganised as a Panzer Division in October 1940.

The 12th Panzer Division participated in Operation Barbarossa, taking part in the drive towards Leningrad. Suffering heavy casualties during the Soviet counter offensive in the winter of 1941–42, the division was withdrawn to Estonia for a refit. It remained with Army Group North for the most part of the war except for a brief spell south while participating in the battle of Kursk in July 1943 and the following defensive operations and retreat after the German failure. The division returned to the northern sector in January 1944 but came too late to play any role in the unsuccessful German efforts to prevent the Siege of Leningrad from being broken by the Red Army.

When the major Soviet summer offensive ("Operation Bagration") against Army Group Centre began on 22 June, 12th Panzer Division was identified as one of the available formations for a potential counterattack. Adolf Hitler had promised a major relief operation with several armored divisions to relieve the growing Minsk pocket and ordered Army Group North to detach the 12th Panzer Division (its largest remaining armored formation) for this purpose; 5th Panzer Division of Army Group North Ukraine was called upon for a similar purpose. At this point in time, the 12th Panzer Division was already critically understrength; the panzer reconnaissance detachment and Flak detachment that were usually part of a German panzer division's order of battle were already no longer present in late June 1944. The combat strength of the division laid in its sole remaining panzer detachment (II./Pz.Rgt.29), then equipped with a total of 44 tanks of the types Panzer III and Panzer IV. Delays in military transport weakened available forces further, restricting the strength of the division in the critical area to a sole battalion of the 25th Panzergrenadier Regiment as well as one panzer company. The major counterattack that Hitler had personally ordered 12th Panzer Division to undertake was thus a thrust of an incomplete mechanized infantry battalion supported by 10 medium tanks. The attack nonetheless scored unexpected successes due to the surprise imposed on the Soviet forces of 1st Belorussian Front; when the attacking elements went to the offensive on 1 July at 02:00 at night, Soviet infantry were bluffed into the belief that they indeed faced a German panzer division in force. In a small attack from Maryina Horka towards Babruysk, a small corridor was struck southeastwards, uniting at Svislach with an attack by the encircled German forces. 35,000 of the 70,000 trapped German soldiers flooded the rescue corridor, usually only equipped with small arms and leaving their major equipment behind. Soviet formations attempted to interrupt the rescue; some 25,000 German soldiers eventually broke through into the region southwest of Minsk, leaving the pocket behind them.

The division was eventually entrapped in the Courland Pocket after the successful Soviet offensive in July 1944, Operation Bagration. It remained in Courland where it surrendered to Soviet forces in May 1945.

Organization
Structure of the division through its history:
 * Headquarters
 * 29th Panzer Regiment
 * 5th Panzergrenadier Regiment
 * 25th Panzergrenadier Regiment
 * 2nd Panzer Artillery Regiment
 * 22nd Motorcycle Battalion (later became 2nd Panzer Reconnaissance Battalion)
 * 508th Tank Destroyer Battalion
 * 303rd Army Anti-Aircraft Battalion (later added in 1942)
 * 2nd Divisional Supply Group

Commanding officers
The commanders of the division:
 * Lieutenant general Fedor von Bock, 1931
 * Major General/Lieutenant General Hubert Gerke, 1 October 1934
 * Major General/Lieutenant General Paul Bader, 1 April 1937
 * Generaloberst Josef Harpe, 5 October 1940
 * Generalleutnant Walter Wessel, 15 January 1942
 * Generalleutnant Erpo Freiherr von Bodenhausen, 1 March 1943
 * Generalmajor Gerhard Müller, 28 May 1944
 * Generalleutnant Erpo Freiherr von Bodenhausen, 16 July 1944
 * Oberst Horst von Usedom, 12 April 1945

title: 12th Panzer Division (Wehrmacht)


text:
Dorothy Jacobs Bellanca

Dorothy Jacobs Bellanca (August 10, 1894 – August 16, 1946) was an American labor activist who particularly represented women workers in the garment industry. She moved to the United states and started her first job as a hand buttonhole sewer, and later started organizing groups of her own. She was a strong leader and this led her to being a successful full time female organizer. She was leader and an activist that worked for many different causes.

Biography
Bellanca was born in Zemel, Russian Empire, as the youngest of four daughters of Harry Jacobs, a tailor, and Bernice Edith Levinson. She emigrated to the United States in 1900, and settled in Baltimore, Maryland. Her first job was as a hand buttonhole sewer for men's coats, at the age of thirteen. She earned three dollars a week for a ten-hour day. In 1909, at age 15, she organized the Baltimore buttonhole makers into Local 170 of the United Garment Workers of America.

In 1914, Bellanca led her union to the more progressive Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America (ACWA) promoting class solidarity and the organization of women. She attended the founding convention of the ACWA with four other women; became secretary of the Joint Board; and established the Education Department on October 21, 1915. She became the sole female to serve on the in 1916.

In 1917, she became the organization's first full-time female organizer. In that role, she regularly contributed to the ACWA’s paper, Advance, and promoted a culture that involved the union's members and their families. Jacobs strove to embed a feminist perspective into trade unionism and was dedicated to helping improve conditions for working-class women. She encouraged a cooperative relationship between the genders.

In 1918, she married August Bellanca, an Italian ACWA labor leader. In July 1924, she established a Women’s Department within the ACWA. The Department dissolved in 1926 when Bellanca learned that men resented it.

During the Great Depression, Bellanca was a vocal activist on behalf of unemployed garment workers. She was active politically on the municipal, state, and federal level. She was a member of the New York City Mayor's Commission on Unity, and served on several state commissions to end racial discrimination in the workplace. A supporter of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, she helped to organize New York State's branch of the American Labor Party. She served on the Maternal and Child Welfare Committee in 1938 when the secretary of labor, Frances Perkins, asked her. She ran for the United States Congress for Brooklyn’s Eighth Congressional District this same year, with ALP, Republican Party, City Fusion Party, Progressive Party, and Fiorello La Guardia all supporting her. She lost the vote when incumbent Donald O’Toole discredited her to the public. She joined the Women’s Policy Committee of the War Manpower Commission during World War II.

Bellanca became the first female vice president of the ACWA in 1934, and held that position until her death in 1946. She died on August 16, 1946, aged 52, of multiple myeloma.

title: Dorothy Jacobs Bellanca


text:
Talk:Starscream

Robots in Disguise
It is a valid point that RiD is notable as a series which lacks a Starscream. However, we do not need to create a section to SAY that - merely by NOT including it, the fact is made obvious.

As to Smokejumper, however, I cannot agree that he warrants a mention simply because he shares a mould with Starscream. This page is about Starscream, and Smokejumper is not Starscream - who the toy may once have been is irrelevant. Perhaps if there was something else of substance worth writing about for RiD, then this could be casually mentioned amdist it, but to create an entire sub-section on the page for such a tangentically-related trifling is silly. You don't see all the other Seekers specifically listed because they share a mould with Starscream, do you? When a toy is a repaint of an EXISTING figure, mention it, because it's worth it (example: mentioning that BW II BB and Starscream are repaints of G2 Dreadwing and Smokescreen). When a toy GOES ON to be repainted into a DIFFERENT character, it's NOT, so it doesn't usually need to be mentioned on the original character's article, y'get me? Especially not when it's the only point there is to make in an entire sub-header. Case in point: Smokejumper. He is his own character, and other characters should be covered in their OWN articles, linking back to Starscream where relevant.

EDIT: I've made a "Dreadwing" page to cover the Dreadwinds, Darkwings, Dreadwings and their buddies out there, which is the perfect place to include Smokejumper.

Tech Spec
Couldn't help but notice that the article has Screamer's tech specs now. Doesn't this goe against the wikipedia copyright rules? --15:00, 25 June 2006 (UTC)SMegatron
 * I don't think there is a policy against mentioning the 8 numbers, just in copying down the full paragraph of text without putting it in your own words. user:mathewignash
 * Tech specs are the property of its creators and cannot be reproduced without their consent. --Madchester 22:35, 25 June 2006 (UTC)
 * TECH SPECs are property, this is just mentioning a couple numbers, not copying the whole spec. for the text of the article, people put it in their own words, but it's hard to put 8 numerical digits in your own words. user:mathewignash

Unicron Trilogy disambiguation page
Well, anyone with me?

Honestly not sure. I don't think it has enough to warrant a separate article, but then I said that about Unicron Trilogy Megs and I was wrong there. Maybe if it was put to a vote?SMegatron 19:08, 15 August 2006 (UTC)

Well, this page does come to 14 pages printed on my printer. Could be smaller. What were there? 3 Starscreams? The first was G1, G2 and Machine Wars the BW Spark that possessed Waspinator, the second is Beast Wars Japan (later Hellscream), the third is UT. If you do break it down maybe all three would be appropriate. Not that Beast Wars Japan Starscream was major, but who do you stick him with? He's a unique character to the others. user:mathewignash

The more I think about it, the more I like it. The Screamer article is just going to get longer - there's the parallel universe versions of Starscream thrown up by Evolutions to put in, and Infiltration Starscream (probably) isn't dead. Plus the movie version will have to be put in when it comes out. So maybe moving it now is better. Also, its not like we couldn't expand Uni Starscream any further - I've been wanting to expand the Dreamwave Comics section for a while, but never got round to it. Now though...SMegatron 10:42, 17 August 2006 (UTC)

One thing though. If we do move it to a new page, could we fix all the redirects on the other articles? I went on a rampage doing exactly that for links relating to the RiD and Unicron Trilogy Prime and Megs articles and I really don't want to again.

EDIT-woops, that was me.SMegatron 20:52, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

Last Words
I'm not really sure how relevant this is but I believe I've seen similar mentions on some of the other pages. Anyway in the Beast Wars Episode Possession Starscream gets his last lines in the original Transformers continuity. They're rather interesting in my opinion; "I'll be back! Even if it takes a thousand years, I'll be revenged on you all." While the thousand years portion of the line was likely included as foreshadowing in the event it was decided that the series was set on an ancient earth, which it eventually was, there was another possible reference that I noticed. Starscream's final lines are in notably archaic terms, a departure from his previous speech patterns in the episode. Just as Dinobot seemed to have a taste for Hamlet, Starscream might have been alluding to one of Shakespeare's plays, namely Twelfth Night. In the play the steward Malvolio seeks to raise his social status by marrying the lady Olivia, an aspiration that seems akin to the Deception's own ambitions. Having been tricked and humiliated, just as Starscream has by the end of the episode, Malvolio, unable to find true compensation for his suffering, storms out of the room and the play. His final lines are "I'll be revenged on the whole pack of you." I'm more than willing to accept that this is just coincidence/I'm reading too far into this but I thought I'd throw it out there in case anybody found it interesting or relevant. 69.117.57.73 07:30, 13 January 2007 (UTC)

It's entirely possible, having read said play not all that long ago, that the writers had this in mind when writing the scene (and Dinobot's last words on his page do actually have a link to the Hamlet page). However, I'm not sure its relevant enough to be put on the page. Thoughts?SMegatron 20:44, 13 January 2007 (UTC)

Big Horn
"Starscream and BB packaged together, and also in a pack with the Maximal Big Horn." May I suggest an article describing "Big Horn" in the context of the transformer toys, since the link points to a mountain. --> Big Horn (Transformers) see Battle Beasts and Big Horn icon Kgrr 16:38, 12 April 2007 (UTC)

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://forums.idwpublishing.com/cgi-bin/ikonboard.cgi?s=4a7d406d54e5ff7228059439c45384b4;act=ST;f=21;t=2567;st=620
 * In Starscream on 2007-06-03 14:33:15, 404 Not Found
 * In Starscream on 2007-06-10 16:42:49, 404 Not Found

-- Stwalkerbot 16:44, 10 June 2007 (UTC)

Movie treachery?
Did Starscream really fire upon Megatron as a disguised F-22? After all, after transforming for the last time, he had two F-22s tailing him and one ahead! Darth Sidious 23:05, 7 July 2007 (UTC)

Yes, he does. The 3 writers acknowledged it at a convention, and one of the ILM people also acknowledged it in an interview. The writers said that it will come into play (along with the missing Barricade) in the next movie. Watch the movie frame by frame, and it is as obvious as the nose on Ray Romano's face. webzpinner —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.142.222.223 (talk) 17:26, 20 November 2007 (UTC)

2007 movie: movie plot
From article: <> Humm, your source please? Unless you're right and you have a Cybertronian-English dictionary (which I strongly doubt), we will have to wait until the sequel to know exactly what he said (or we may never know). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.37.34.247 (talk) 00:59, 28 May 2008 (UTC)

Recent changes
The reasons I reverted the changed include: Any other opinions on this? Mathewignash (talk) 22:42, 10 September 2008 (UTC)
 * Main section should include ONLY the info on the G1 and later Starscream, moving all his info into that section (including the infobox), and other headers considering other Starscream.
 * I disagree with putting information on the toy's origin in the header, it should be in the section marked "Toys"

I took the "Transformers the Movie" section and moved it to fit between the descriptions of Starscream's actions in the first two seasons of the Transformers animated show (1980s) and his later appearances as a ghost in season 3. This was my second attempt to do this, the first involved mistakenly removing the text of that section completely. Oops! Dale Husband 20:59, 30 July 2010 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Seeker alpha806 (talk • contribs)

2007 Film
I am curious to know why there is no mentioning of the 2007 Transformers live action film in this article. There are also no images of the live action movie version of Starscream. Did somebody magically erase it without any bot or administrator noticing it? Or if it was removed for a valid reason, why? Seb0910 (talk) 15:52, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

 * This page is for the original Starscream. There are several different Starscreams who are on a second page. For the movie Starscream character you should see the article here: Starscream_(other_incarnations) Mathewignash (talk) 01:59, 7 February 2009 (UTC)

 * I disagree, this is just stupid. They are all Starscreams and i don't see why you need separate pages to introduce the many versions of him. Creating more pages on different Starscreams like this is only a pain to read. if the reason of you doing it is trying to make it shorter, cut down on things such as spoilers on each versions' storylines or create things like, a page that is only about toys. What you have done is a pain to read and that "Other Incarnations" of Starscream is too short and an extremely lousy job, as its length would make people ignore them. What you have done imho is trying to negate all other Starscreams, and, in a sense, vandalism to your own likings. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.81.251.163 (talk) 20:28, 8 February 2009 (UTC)
 * If you disagee with splitting the article, feel free to propose specific edits you think would improve the page. Perhaps even get an account and use your talk page to talk politily with people on Wikipedia. Thanks for the input. Mathewignash (talk) 00:17, 9 February 2009 (UTC)

Fictional Sharks?
Why is he in that category? I don't recall any Starscream transforming into a shark. Or is this vandalism? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 125.238.133.184 (talk) 07:48, 11 May 2009 (UTC)

Starscream frmo Beast Wars Second turned into a cybernetic shark, but he is now on a seperate page called Starscream (other incarnations). Mathewignash (talk) 10:45, 11 May 2009 (UTC)

Kiss Players section references the future as the past
The line:
 * "Set in 2006 (one year after Starscream's death in The Transformers: The Movie, but four years before the third season of the show, which in Japan occurred in 2010)"

is very confusing, given the current date is July 2009. What's this supposed to be? --Codesleuth (talk) 09:29, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the proposal was consensus against move looking at all three move requests together. The articles are about the characters in the Transformers universe as a whole and includes details on both G1 and other incarnations such as Beast Wars. The disambiguator appears unnecessary to clear up any confusion against other articles. Of course, (hatnotes should be placed for the articles discussing particular incarnations.--Fuhghettaboutit (talk) 14:59, 12 July 2009 (UTC)

Move request
Starscream → Starscream (G1) — The G1 incarnations of Optimus Prime, Megatron and Starscream are the original versions of the characters and were the inspiration behind all their other incarnations. In addition, they are thought of by many fans to be the "real" versions of the characters. However, they are by no means the "definitive" versions as the non-suffixed article names imply, due to the large relative success and arguably equal importance of Transformers universes succeeding G1, among other factors. If someone says "G1 Prime is THE Optimus Prime", that is an opinion, not a fact. The non-suffixed names linking to the G1 versions of the characters inadvertently gives the impression that Wikipedia is biased towards G1 as the "superior" and "main" Transformers canon, which not only opposes Wikipedia's neutral point of view but also would probably be frowned upon by fans of Beast Wars, the live-action movies and the like. In my opinion, in order to remove G1 bias, the names (without any suffix) should link to disambiguation pages linking to the G1 versions, any other versions (such as Beast Wars Megatron), and an "other incarnations" page listing all the minor incarnations of the characters.--172.165.156.112 (talk) 13:58, 11 July 2009 (UTC)

 * Oppose this is not soley a G1 article, and "G1" is a horrible disambiguator. 76.66.194.17 (talk) 06:11, 12 July 2009 (UTC)
 * Oppose Unnecessary and a bad article title. Mathewignash (talk) 11:55, 12 July 2009 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Merge
These three articles need to be excessively cut down and merged together to actually form a semi-decent article. Plot mentions will be cut to the basic minimum or just cut entirely if the appearance really isn't noteworthy, or if the incarnation of the character is already covered within a character list for that specific series. The specific toys will be removed entirely. One single section detailing the history of the toys will be enough. Afterward, development, reception, and "popular culture" information can be found for the character. TTN (talk) 16:02, 19 July 2009 (UTC)

 * I do see it to be a bit pointless at this time and therefore are against the notion. Fractyl (talk) 03:59, 25 July 2009 (UTC)

 * I support the notion, as well as the same actions for the Optimus Prime and Megatron articles. So far, the undisambiguated names link to the G1 versions of the characters, which are by no means the "main" versions of the characters (from a NPOV, there are NO "main" versions of Transformers characters). The G1 articles need pruning anyway, and this would possibly make them short enough to merge them with the additional sections. I would support not having individual pages for separate versions of Transformers. In addition, listing all the individual toys isn't something you'd really do in a mainstream encyclopedia. --Eh! Steve (talk) 14:28, 6 August 2009 (UTC)

 * Against, espectiall after the butcher job I saw. It was not even accurate, claiming things in it's opening paragraph that was untrue, it was obviously written by someone who knew little about the subject. Mathewignash (talk) 19:42, 19 August 2009 (UTC)
 * The attempted hatchet job on this article was very poorly done, and needed input from people who know the subject. I recomend making suggestions, and change one section at a time, letting other people have input, rather than rewriting the whole artice by yourself and forxing it on others. Mathewignash (talk) 19:47, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

 * For instance I would debate removing the appearances of Starscream in other media, because it proves that Starscream is part of the culture, notable outside the medium of the Transformers itself. It proves notability of the character for inclusing in Wikipedia. Mathewignash (talk) 19:50, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

 * I had meant to say "generally" instead of "always", but other than that, what have I gotten wrong? The only other thing I've done is trim and rearrange information, which needs to be done. As for letting people know, you are the only one who seems to care about these poorly managed articles, and I'm certainly not going to ask you for permission to trim information. The "Other appearances" section is complete trivia. We do not collect things like minor Robot Chicken and Family Guy references, as they are completely useless to articles such as these. TTN (talk) 19:55, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

 * As I said it proves notability outside the medium, that's one of the most important things about an article. How about the idea that he always tried to take over to overthrow Megatron? The Beast Wars Second and Shattered Glass Starscreams did not. I think you CAN trim a lot of plot. It's bloated. Please do so, I will too. However you should also note you violated the established style of the article we made at the Transformers Wikipedia Project. If you want to chnage it, I suggest you propose a change in the style and let the project approve it. Mathewignash (talk) 20:01, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

 * No, it does not; it is mainly filler information. You need real, substantial information from sources to prove notability. I was going to say such things should never be included, but looking at our featured character articles, I guess such references are acceptable. They can stay, but they need to be rewritten. As I said, I had meant to just meant to have that as the most common description of the character, rather than the constant description of the character, because a single sentence does not make a good lead. As for style, the Wikiproject is way, way off; this is a giant mess that made it hard for me to even understand it at first. The proper format is characterization, role or appearances, creation, reception and/or popular culture, and other minor sections is some order. See our featured character articles for reference. TTN (talk) 20:12, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

 * If you could PLEASE make notes on the Wikiproject page so we can improve it then. I just follow it's guidelines. If they are wrong, then fixing them will help everyone write better articles. Proper guidelines in the wikiproject would be very helpful and aid in avoiding problems in the future. Mathewignash (talk) 20:19, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

 * I really don't see that doing much of anything. The project has had only thirteen edits within almost nine months, so that pretty much signifies that it is dead. Also, you really seem to be the only one who is really active in it. It would be best to look into related projects and just look at good and featured character articles for examples. Whatever the case, most of these articles need to be merged, and the important ones like this need to be trimmed and reformatted to look more like the characters listed here. TTN (talk) 20:27, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

My gripe is with this and the other Transformers articles themselves. I reworked most of the Megatron article in my sandbox and tried to get Mathewignash to look over it as they were the one reverted my previous attempts to improve these train wrecks that everybody's calling articles. Yet, they have ignored my request. The only time they have spoken to me on the issue is after their revert to complain about it. I still have the my Megatron changes in my sandbox, but it still needs more sources and a strong lead. I really need some thoughts on that work. Sarujo (talk) 21:03, 21 August 2009 (UTC)

I didn't see these proposed changes. Please link me to them. Thanks! Mathewignash (talk) 22:21, 21 August 2009 (UTC)

Can someone proof this page please? Poor english (no offence intended, however...)
Prime example below:

"After the war in Autobot City Starscream took out the damaged Decepticons out in space including Megatron. On Starcream's ceremony Galvatron came and killed Starcream into shreads."

Could read:

"After the battle at Autobot City, while escaping in Astrotrain's shuttle form, Starscream threw out into space the wounded Decepticons, including the Decepticon leader Megatron. Starscream took power of the decepticons and, during his coronation, Starscream was obliterated by the newly formed Galvatron." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 63.240.83.3 (talk) 19:12, 18 June 2010 (UTC)

Merger proposal for Starscream
I feel it is unnecessary that this character has separate articles for Starscream (Unicron Trilogy). It is full of fancruft, badly sourced fansites and plot summary it would be better to for them to be redirected to the main article as it's about the same character and there is innsufficent independent information that the different incarnations are notable or distinct enough to have their own article. Dwanyewest (talk) 05:03, 13 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Strong Oppose This article is almost 100 kilobytes long. If anything, we need to split off more stuff. --Divebomb (talk) 17:04, 15 October 2010 (UTC) Divebomb has been blocked as a sockpuppet.
 * Oppose, UT Starscream an independent character with 3 TV shows and 2 comic books who shares little with his namesake besides a name and being a red jet. Mathewignash (talk) 20:21, 15 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Comment You forgot "being a Decepticon". --Divebomb (talk) 09:04, 17 October 2010 (UTC)
 * I believe in the Armada series he joined the Autobots, and was honorable, which is why I left it out. He isn't like G1 Starscream. Mathewignash (talk) 23:48, 18 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Strong support per same rationale as Talk:Optimus Prime (Transformers).--137.122.49.102 (talk) 16:32, 7 January 2011 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: moved. ErikHaugen (talk | contribs) 13:50, 13 July 2011 (UTC)

Starscream (Transformers) → Starscream – Starscream the character is the primary topic. Starscream leads to a disambiguation page between this article and a minor nickname for a DJ used seemingly over only 2 years, 6 years ago. It is by far and away not the primary topic and certainly not something people are searching for when they search for Starscream. This page should be moved to Starscream since even if the nickname were applicable, you'd be searching for DJ Starscream, not Starscream. I'd just move it but I can't move over an existing page. Darkwarriorblake (talk) 16:53, 6 July 2011 (UTC)
 * Support as primary topic. Looks like the disambiguation page was used to link to articles about multiple incarnations of Starscream, but all these have been compressed into one. Erik (talk | contribs) 17:18, 6 July 2011 (UTC)
 * Support. Agree that the Transformers character is the primary topic. If this RM is successful a hatnote should be added to this article directed at the DJ's article. Jenks24 (talk) 00:45, 7 July 2011 (UTC)
 * Support, per primary topic. GoodDay (talk) 18:56, 7 July 2011 (UTC)
 * Support easy primary topic call. — V = IR (Talk • Contribs) 21:37, 7 July 2011 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Clarification for Prime Starscream
At the end of the section for the Starscream of Transformers: Prime it says he is the most likely to join the Autobots by default. I think whoever wrote this was confused from the episode "Grill." While Starscream is "the most likely Decepticon to help by default," it's Dreadwing who is the one most likely to change and become an Autobot. Scorpy (talk) 04:42, 18 April 2012 (UTC)

Cleanup Request
This article contains excessively detailed plot. The paragraphs are very large and the article can be summarized quite a bit. Additionally, several paragraphs are far too long to be read comfortably, and spacing needs to be improved. I'm tagging the article for cleanup. Brandon Dusseau (talk) 05:13, 1 July 2013 (UTC)
 * I am going to attempt a major rewrite of this article over the weekend, including major trimming, unless anyone objects. —Torchiest talkedits 21:49, 26 July 2013 (UTC)
 * You like a challenge, huh - yes, the descriptions of his fictional depictions are huge compared to those of the toys and the character's origins. It is all too common in TF articles, unfortunately. BOZ (talk) 01:34, 28 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Someone had added 11 kilobytes of plot material, seemingly copy-pasted from a Transformers wiki, in spring 2013. I removed the copy-pasted text. J I P  | Talk 10:29, 16 November 2013 (UTC)

Major cleanup and copyedit
I found that the article was mostly un-sourced, had extreme amount of detail that would not interest a wiki reader, and there are lot of references to blogs. Some of the content might have been copyvio too. After cleanup and copy edit I have put citation needed tags and also tagged the article for citations. I have searched for references and completed bare urls. This has been done evenly across past 13 days and ~70 edits with intervening edits by few other editors. I may do a little more restructuring. I would appreciate if someone can review them. Thank you. (This message is copied on WP:WikiProject Transformers page also).--AmritasyaPutra T 15:35, 26 September 2014 (UTC)
 * I have removed GOCEinuse and marking it complete. Cumulative diff of 80 edits over past 16 days: link. Few intermediate edits towards the cleanup/copy-edit by two other editors too. Thank you. --AmritasyaPutra T 02:55, 29 September 2014 (UTC)

Article Style
So does anyone know why Starscream's page is so different from all the other ones? Most of the Transformers character articles seem to be divided up into the different franchises, as opposed to Animated Series, Comics, etc. OptimusMagnus (talk) 05:32, 18 October 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Cyberverse
We should totally add his appearance in Cyberverse.(107.77.231.32 (talk) 22:56, 13 October 2020 (UTC))

title: Talk:Starscream


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ben Hill

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was redirected. ugen 64 20:41, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Ben Hill
"Community in south-west Atlanta,Ga". Tagged for speedy deletion as "vanity, non-encyclopedic". No vote. Kappa 23:03, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment there appears to be a Ben Hill in Atlanta Georgia, it is good but should be moved to a more descriptive name and contains more information. --nixie 23:13, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Benny Hill. Megan1967 09:01, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, or possibly redirect to Ben Hill County, Georgia, not Benny Hill...wtf Mike H 22:28, Apr 25, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User:Glumx

Glumx, aka Glenn, is a cool guy. He likes computers and plays games. Someday he would like to contribute a ton to the greatest project on earth: wikipedia!

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User talk:Red Deadeye

Proposed deletion of Don Nehlen's Tales from the West Virginia Sideline

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ArbCom elections are now open!
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title: User talk:Red Deadeye