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Lego Star Wars: The Video Game

Lego Star Wars: The Video Game (sometimes simply called Lego Star Wars) is a 2005 Lego-themed action-adventure video game based on the Lego Star Wars line of construction toys, and the first installment in the Lego video game franchise developed by Traveller's Tales, which would develop all future Lego titles from that point on. It was first released on 29 March 2005, and is a video game adaptation of the Star Wars prequel trilogy: The Phantom Menace, Attack of the Clones and Revenge of the Sith, with a bonus level from A New Hope.

It was developed by Traveller's Tales for the Microsoft Xbox, Sony PlayStation 2, and Microsoft Windows. Griptonite Games developed the Game Boy Advance version. These initial versions were published in April 2005. A Macintosh port, developed by Aspyr, was released in August 2005. A GameCube version of the game was released on 25 October 2005. All versions were published by Eidos Interactive and Giant Interactive Entertainment (now TT Games Publishing).

The game received generally favorable reviews from critics. A sequel, Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy, was released in 2006. Lego Star Wars: The Video Game and its successor were compiled in Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga, released in 2007.

Gameplay

Gameplay in Lego Star Wars is geared towards family play, and does not feature a game-over scenario. Given a specific set of characters in each scenario, based on a scene from each of the movies, up to two players can control them, using their different abilities. By walking up to another friendly character, the player can switch control over to that character; this interaction is necessary in order to use another character's abilities to complete certain puzzles. Lego Studs, small coin-like collectibles which serve as the game's currency, can be collected by finding them, smashing or using the force on certain objects, or defeating enemies. Studs increase in value based on color, silver is the least valuable at only 10 points, going up to gold, valued at 100 points, blue at 1,000, and the rarest, purple worth 10,000. Players also have a health meter consisting of four hearts that gets depleted if they get injured or shot at. When they lose all their hearts, their character is broken apart and they lose studs (as opposed to lives). These studs can be spent on unlocking new characters for Free Play mode, hints for playing the game, and cheats. Certain segments of the game feature players controlling spaceships flying on a flat plane. There are also several minikit canisters hidden throughout each level that, when collected, combine to form a vehicle.

When the player first starts the game, they must first complete Chapter 1 of The Phantom Menace ("Negotiations"). However, once that Chapter is completed, the player may choose to play any unlocked levels from the other two movies in their desired order.

Completing all the game's levels with full stud bars will unlock an additional chapter based on the opening scene of A New Hope, which features a 'prototype' Darth Vader, who uses Anakin's fighting style, and a Stormtrooper whose movements are identical to the Clone Troopers (both of these are remodeled in the next game).

The background music is the same music used in the Star Wars movies, but as the game was released before Episode III's soundtrack, music from the original trilogy (1977, 1980 and 1983) was used for that movie's levels. For instance, the alternate soundtrack for the "Binary Sunset" was used in the second Chapter of Episode III, while "The Battle of Endor I" was used in Chapter 6, "Princess Leia's Theme" for Chapter 5 and "The Battle of Yavin" was used in Chapters 1 and 3. In The Complete Saga, the tracks that played during gameplay of that episode were replaced with ones from Episode III, although the original trilogy music remained in that episode's cutscenes.

Characters
Lego Star Wars contains a total of 59 playable characters for LEGO Star Wars; 56 in the GameCube, PS2, Xbox, and PC versions. The three missing are Gungan, Tusken Raider, and STAP, playable in the GBA version, though the Gungan and STAP are only available through cheat codes. The playable characters are modeled like actual Lego parts and, on dying, they fall to pieces and also lose studs. There is a wide variety of characters included in the game, all of which are unlocked by completing levels or by purchasing them at Dexter's Diner. Characters are divided into groups according to certain skills. For instance, Jedi and Sith can double-jump, use lightsabers, and have control of The Force, which they can use to activate or lift Lego objects or defeat certain enemies. Darth Maul has a double-ended lightsaber which improves his defense from laser fire. Jar Jar Binks, General Grievous and his bodyguard have the super-jump, which allows them to reach obstacles that the Jedi and Sith can not jump to. Characters like Padmé Amidala and clone troopers, who carry blasters, have the ability to grapple to reach higher places. Droids, while unarmed, can travel through the game without being intentionally attacked by enemy characters. Protocol droids and astromech droids can open special doors. Characters such as Boba Fett and Young Anakin can fit into tight places. Every character, other than the PK Droid, Gonk Droid (whose only ability is that they are never killed by enemies), and Chancellor Palpatine, has a special ability.

Unlocked characters can be imported into the game's sequel, Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy, as an extra called "Use Old Save", which costs 250,000 Lego Studs, and can be used in its character creator function.

Because the game is based on the Prequel Trilogy (1999, 2002, 2005), Luke Skywalker, Han Solo, Lando Calrissian and other characters from the original Star Wars Trilogy (1977, 1980 and 1983) are not shown, and appear in the sequel Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy. However, if the player unlocks the last level (an episode 4 preview), Darth Vader, a stormtrooper, a rebel trooper and Princess Leia become available. Original trilogy characters Chewbacca, Obi-Wan Kenobi, Yoda, Darth Sidious, C-3PO, and R2-D2 are unlockable in the game since they also appear in the prequel trilogy.

Free Play
Once a level has been cleared in Story Mode, the player may play through that level again in Free Play Mode. In this mode, players can choose to play through the level with their choice of unlocked characters (or unlocked vehicles in vehicle-based levels) randomly selected by the program based on their abilities. At any point, the player can rotate instantly between each of the chosen characters/vehicles to access areas not accessible during the Story Mode and obtain hidden extras. No story cut scenes appear in this mode.

Dexter's Diner
Dexter's Diner is the game's hub world, where the player chooses what level to enter, or they can enter the Parking Lot to view any vehicles whose parts they have found and pieced together. The parts to these vehicles are contained in 10 mini-kit canisters which are hidden throughout each level. Battles often take place in the Parking Lot between canon-good and canon-evil characters, such as Jedi and Sith, respectively. At the diner counter, the player may purchase, or enter codes, to unlock extras in exchange for Lego studs they have collected by playing through the levels.

Game Boy Advance version
The Game Boy Advance version behaves differently than the console versions. It is played from an isometric perspective with only one player, who controls one of 15 playable characters through story scenarios across the prequel trilogy, battling enemies, completing objectives and getting from one place to another. The levels are not evenly divided across the three Episodes, with Episode II having the fewest levels. Each level is divided into multiple sections that serve as checkpoints should the player's character fall apart, and players are given a longer health meter that they must prevent from depleting to continue. Each character possesses a special ability that is constrained by a stamina meter not found in the console version. Players can also find Jawas in certain levels who will sell the player health or stamina upgrades, as well as a maintenance droid that can prevent death once. These upgrades are purchased using studs collected in the level and do not carry over to other levels.

All boss battles are primarily against villains with lightsabers, and call for heavy button mashing to win, especially when players can exclusively get caught in lightsaber blade locks that must be won to inflict extra damage. Other characters have different attack abilities that are not in the console versions, such as blaster-wielding characters able to fire charged shots and astromech droids being able to drop proton mines that would damage enemies on contact. Players are also encouraged to use other characters' abilities in free-play to discover secret areas and find Death Star plans, which replace minikits in the console version. At the end of each level, players are rewarded and ranked for how many enemies they defeated, how many blaster bolts they deflected, how many studs they collected and how many Death Star plans they found.

Plot
The plot of the game is a humorous retelling of Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace, Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones, and Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith, as well as a bonus level with the opening of Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope from the viewpoint of Darth Vader aboard the Tantive IV.

Development
In 2003, Traveller's Tales started the work on the game with assistance from Lego Interactive, who would also publish the game. After The Lego Group left the gaming industry and closed down Lego Interactive in 2004, a small team of former Lego Interactive employees went on to found their own publishing company, Giant Interactive Entertainment, and would be able to publish all future Lego titles, including Lego Star Wars: The Video Game.

The game was revealed at the 2004 San Diego Comic-Con on 24 July, with Traveller's Tales announced as developer, and Giant Interactive Entertainment and LucasArts co-publishing the game, and it would be released for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, Windows and Game Boy Advance. On 23 August, Eidos Interactive announced they would distribute the game worldwide except in Japan.

Several levels were cut from the game during development. "Bounty Hunter Pursuit" was a level based around the chase scene with bounty hunter Zam Wessel seen near the start of Attack of the Clones. Cutting it resulted in Attack of the Clones only having five levels compared to the six levels for the other two movies, with the first level picking up the story with Obi-Wan Kenobi's visit to Kamino. "Anakin's Flight" was a level based around Anakin Skywalker flying a Naboo N-1 starfighter during the space battle against the Trade Federation battleship seen in The Phantom Menace. "Boga Chase" was based around the scene in Revenge of the Sith where Obi-Wan Kenobi chases General Grievous while riding a Boga. "Asteroid Dogfight" was based around the Attack of the Clones scene where Obi-Wan Kenobi chases Jango Fett through the asteroid ring above Geonosis. "Bounty Hunter Pursuit" was later included as part of the Attack of the Clones levels in Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga, with "Anakin's Flight" also being included as a bonus level.

The game went gold on 23 March 2005 and would be released for the PlayStation 2, Game Boy Advance and Windows in North America on March 29, 2005. The Xbox version followed in April. In the same month, it was announced that Eidos' Japanese branch would publish and distribute the PlayStation 2 and Game Boy Advance versions of the game in Japan on 7 July 2005. In October 2005, Eidos and Giant/TT announced a GameCube version which was released the following week.

Reception and legacy
The game received "favorable" reviews on all platforms according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, where the Game Boy Advance and PlayStation 2 versions were ported for release on 7 July 2005, Famitsu gave it a score of 30 out of 40 for the latter, and 28 out of 40 for the former.

The Sydney Morning Herald gave the PlayStation 2 version four-and-a-half stars out of five, saying, "This Lego retelling of the prequels is both a loving tribute and an amusing parody." The New York Times gave the PC, PS2 and Xbox versions a favourable review, saying, "There's a goofy pleasure in seeing animated Lego figures pantomime scenes from the movies, and the game's puzzles and battles are undemanding but fun." Detroit Free Press gave the Xbox version three stars out of four, saying that "with more than 30 playable characters from the movies and loads of goodies to unlock, Lego Star Wars is more than just kids' fodder. It's a great Star Wars game."

Computer Games Magazine gave the PC version four stars out of five, saying, "It's too easy, and over too soon, but for $30 it's nearly a complete childhood on a CD." GamePro said of the PS2 version, "The gameplay isn't going to challenge hardcore gamers as the enemies simply aren't that tough, but the presentation really shines." Louis Bedigian of GameZone gave the same PS2 version 8.5 out of 10, saying, "This is one game, perhaps the only game, where it's a compliment to say that the graphics are blocky." Code Cowboy gave the Xbox version eight out of ten, saying that the game was "made for kids, but you'd have to be pretty jaded and close-minded to ignore the fun that's to be had by playing this game." Natalie Romano later gave the GameCube version 8.3 out of 10, saying, "For the young crowd the game is wonderfully accessible and for the older crowd it will not fail to pull you into its charming interpretation of the Star Wars saga's prequels." However, Edge gave the same PS2 version a score of seven out of ten, saying, "Kids are often underestimated, but that doesn't mean their games should be. Lego Star Wars has an appeal that goes beyond age, even if it's one that rarely goes beyond 20 minutes at a time." The Russian magazine Strana Igr described the game as "not only for fans, but for all players with a sense of humor", rating it 8/10.

During the 9th Annual Interactive Achievement Awards, Lego Star Wars received a nomination for "Family Game of the Year", which was ultimately awarded to Guitar Hero.

The game was the thirteenth best-selling game of 2005. Figures released by The NPD Group show the PlayStation 2 version as the tenth best-selling single-platform title of 2005. The game's worldwide sales total exceeded 3.3 million units in March 2006 and 6.7 million in May 2009. In the U.S., the Game Boy Advance version alone sold 580,000 units and earned $17 million by August 2006. During the period between January 2000 and August 2006, it was the 49th highest-selling game launched for the Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS or PlayStation Portable in that country.

The PlayStation 2 version received a "Double Platinum" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 600,000 units in the UK. By July 2006, the same console version had sold 1 million units in the U.S. alone. NextGen ranked it as the 54th highest-selling game launched for the PlayStation 2, Xbox or GameCube between January 2000 and July 2006 in that country.

It was one of The Best-Selling PS2 Games with more than four-fifths of the units sold on the PlayStation 2.

The game's sequel, Lego Star Wars II: The Original Trilogy, was released in September 2006, while a compilation, Lego Star Wars: The Complete Saga, was released in November 2007 and Lego Star Wars III: The Clone Wars was released in March 2011. Lego Star Wars: The Force Awakens, based on the 2015 film of the same name, was released in June 2016, and Lego Star Wars: The Skywalker Saga, which depicts all nine films in the Skywalker Saga, including the three featured in Lego Star Wars: The Video Game, was released on April 5, 2022.

title: Lego Star Wars: The Video Game


text: User talk:216.61.124.114

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:216.61.124.114


text:
Riley 4

The Riley 4 / Sixty Eight and Riley 4 / Seventy Two are cars produced by BMC from 1959 to 1969, under the Riley marque. They are closely related to the Pinin Farina-designed MG Magnette Mark III and Wolseley 15/60 and the simpler Austin A55 Cambridge Mark II, Morris Oxford V pair, sharing the MG's rear styling and engine (with a milder cam). This Riley was the most expensive car in that series.

This model's introduction, using the same engine, did not affect production of the smaller-bodied 1½-litre Riley One-Point-Five sports saloon which continued until 1965.

Riley 4 / Sixty Eight
Launched in April 1959, the 4 / Sixty Eight was the last of the five B series BMC Pininfarina cars to be released. The Riley used the twin-carburettor B-Series straight-4 engine in the form already familiar to drivers of the MG Magnette III, producing 64 bhp (48 kW). This was 6 hp (4.5 kW) more than the similar Wolseley 15/60.

From the outside the car was distinguished from its siblings by a Riley grille on the front and (apart from the MG with which it shared its tail treatment) slightly less acute tail fins at the back. Inside, the fascia was relatively well equipped: this was the only one of the five cars to come with a rev counter as standard equipment.

On the road
A car was tested by the British magazine The Motor in 1959 and had a top speed of 88.2 mph and could accelerate from 0-60 mph in 18.8 seconds. A fuel consumption of 27.3 mpgimp was recorded. The test car cost £1028 including taxes.

It was intended to be the most luxurious of the Farina-styled B-series cars and was priced accordingly. A brief road test was published under the headline: "Comfort not Sacrificed to Appearance in New Riley". The motoring correspondent of The Times reported the more expensive Riley shared a similar specification with the MG Magnette Mark III but the Riley had different points of styling and its very full equipment list included a tachometer. The driver sat upright and gained a sense of mastery of the car steering from the well-furnished interior which had the right combination of leather, walnut veneer and pile carpet. Gear changing was easy through a well-placed central lever.

Riley 4 / Seventy Two

Just before the 1961 Motor Show, in October, the car became the 4/Seventy-Two. Closely related again was the 16/60 update to the Wolseley car. The engine was now 1.6 L (1622 cc), and Riley again got the twin-carb version with 68 hp (51 kW). It also used an improved suspension with anti-roll bars. The wheelbase was 1 in (25.4 mm) longer, through the moving of the back axle rearwards, and the front track was increased by 2 inches (5 cm). These modifications to the wheel locations were made at the same time to all the BMC Farina saloons, and were seen as an answer to criticism of the indifferent road holding of the 1959 cars. Borg Warner automatic transmission became an option in the Riley at the same time, making the Riley the first mass-produced car in Europe to adopt the Borg-Warner 35 system following Borg-Warner's establishment of a plant at Letchworth to produce a transmission package that ten years earlier had been developed for US applications.

Further modifications to the suspension a year later included 'recambering the rear springs' to improve ride and roadholding, but from the outside there was little to distinguish the later Rileys from the models as they had appeared in 1959, and the car continued very little changed until its withdrawal in 1969.

The 4/72's main competitor, appearing in 1963, was the Humber Sceptre from the Rootes Group – with an 85 hp engine, 6-speed manual (four direct ratios plus overdrive 3rd and 4th) or 3-speed automatic (post 1965) and a more modern interior it thoroughly trounced the 4/72 in reviews of the period.

When an automatic 4/72 was tested by The Motor magazine in 1962 they recorded a top speed of 81.3 mph, acceleration from 0-60 mph in 20.6 seconds and a fuel consumption of 26.5 mpgimp. The test car cost £1186 including taxes. The manual car was £1087

The 4/72 was sold as the Riley 1500 in Argentina and as the Riley Comet in Austria.

On the road
In October 1962, Britain's Consumers' Association published its fourth Which? car supplement to their magazine. The Riley had been compared with Fiat 1500, Peugeot 403B, Ford Taunus 17M and VW 1500 and the British Sunbeam Rapier. The association reported that the Peugeot and the German Ford had the most virtues and fewest vices.

The report noted that its most severe criticism of all was of the Riley's handling, with increased speed it changed from understeering to oversteering. "It was not a car in which our testers drove with much confidence or pleasure". The Riley's braking system was considered to have more limitations than the other cars' systems.

Manufacture in Argentina
Another related car was the 1960–1966 Siam Di Tella of Argentina, they were externally similar to the Riley 4 family, but  with  the Austin  Cambridge  rear body shape   rather than  the Riley's  fins. . There was the sedan Di Tella 1500, the station wagon Di Tella Traveller and the pick-up (never produced in England) Di Tella Argenta. All of them were fitted with the 1489cc engine and 4 speed manual column change. The MG Magnette Mark IV was also produced but with the nomenclature Di Tella Magnette, both in 1489cc and 1622cc forms.

title: Riley 4


text:
Last will and testament of Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler, chancellor and dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945, signed his political testament and his private will in the Führerbunker on 29 April 1945, the day before he committed suicide with his wife, Eva Braun.

The political testament was in two parts. In the first, Mein politisches Testament, he denied charges of warmongering, expressed his thanks to Germany's loyal citizens, and appealed to them to continue the struggle. In the second, he declared Heinrich Himmler and Hermann Göring to be traitors, and set out his plan for a new government under Karl Dönitz. Hitler's secretary Traudl Junge recalled that he was reading from notes as he dictated the testament, and it is believed that Joseph Goebbels helped him write it.

Both the Political Testament and the Private Will and Personal Testament of Adolf Hitler were dictated to Junge during the last days of Hitler's life and signed on 29 April 1945, but these artifacts should not be confused with an entirely different—and controversial—document known as The Testament of Adolf Hitler.

Will
The last will was a short document signed on 29 April at 04:00. It acknowledged his marriage—but does not name Eva Braun—and that they choose death over disgrace of deposition or capitulation; and that their bodies were to be cremated. The will divided up Hitler's belongings as follows:
 * His art collection is left to "a gallery in my home town of Linz on the Danube;"
 * Objects of "sentimental value or necessary for the maintenance of a modest simple life" went to "brothers and sisters," Eva Braun's mother and his "faithful co-workers" such as his housekeeper Mrs. [Anni] Winter; however, he also required that his chief private secretary Martin Bormann be the one who was "permitted to take out everything that has a sentimental value or is necessary for the maintenance of a modest simple life" for these people as well.
 * Whatever else of value was to be given to the Nazi Party, and then, should the party no longer exist, to the State. Should the State also be destroyed, "no further decision of mine is necessary."

Bormann was nominated as the will's executor and was also "given full legal authority to make all decisions." The will was witnessed by Bormann, Goebbels, and Colonel Nicolaus von Below.

Testament
The last political testament was signed at the same time as Hitler's last will, 04:00 on 29 April 1945. It was in two parts. The first part of the testament talked of his motivations in the three decades since volunteering in World War I, repeated his claim that neither he "nor anyone else in Germany wanted the war in 1939," stated his reasons for his intention to commit suicide, and praised and expressed his thanks to the German people for their support and achievements. Also included in the first testament are statements detailing his claim that he tried to avoid war with other states and attributed responsibility for it to "international Jewry and its helpers." He would not "forsake Berlin [...] even though the forces were too small to hold out." Hitler expressed his intent to choose death rather than "fall into the hands of enemies" and "the masses" in need of "a spectacle arranged by Jews." He concluded with a call to continue the "sacrifice" and "struggle." He expressed hope for a renaissance of the National Socialist movement with the realisation of a "true people's community (Volksgemeinschaft)."

The second part of his testament lays out Hitler's intentions for the German government and the Nazi Party after his death and details who was to succeed him. He expelled Reichsmarschall Hermann Göring from the party and dismissed him from all of his state offices. He also cancelled the 1941 decree naming Göring as his successor in the event of his death. To replace him, Hitler named Großadmiral Karl Dönitz as President of the Reich and Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces. Reichsführer-SS and Interior Minister Heinrich Himmler was also expelled from the party and dismissed from all of his state offices for attempting to negotiate peace with the western Allies without Hitler's "knowledge" and against permission. Hitler declared both Himmler and Göring to be traitors.

Hitler appointed the following as the new Cabinet and what he saw as the new leaders of the German nation:
 * President of the Reich (Reichspräsident), Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces (Oberster Befehlshaber der Wehrmacht), Minister of War (Kriegsminister), and Commander-in-Chief of the Navy (Oberbefehlshaber der Kriegsmarine): Grand Admiral Karl Dönitz
 * Chancellor of the Reich (Reichskanzler): Joseph Goebbels
 * Party Minister (Parteiminister): Martin Bormann
 * Foreign Minister (Aussenminister): Arthur Seyss-Inquart
 * Interior Minister (Innenminister): Gauleiter Paul Giesler
 * Commander-in-Chief of the Army (Oberbefehlshaber des Heeres): Field Marshal Ferdinand Schörner
 * Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force (Oberbefehlshaber der Luftwaffe): Field Marshal Robert Ritter von Greim
 * Reichsführer-SS and Chief of Police (Reichsführer-SS und Chef der Deutschen Polizei): Gauleiter Karl Hanke
 * Minister of Economy (Wirtschaft): Walther Funk
 * Minister of Agriculture (Landwirtschaft): Herbert Backe
 * Minister of Justice (Justiz): Otto Georg Thierack
 * Minister of Culture (Kultur): Dr. Gustav Adolf Scheel
 * Minister of Propaganda (Propaganda): Dr. Werner Naumann
 * Minister of Finance (Finanzen): Johann Ludwig Graf Schwerin von Krosigk
 * Minister of Labour (Arbeit): Dr. Theo Hupfauer
 * Minister of Munitions (Rüstung): Karl-Otto Saur
 * Director of the German Labour Front and member of the Cabinet (Leiter der Deutschen Arbeitsfront und Mitglied des Reichskabinetts: Reichsminister): Dr. Robert Ley

Witnessed by Goebbels, Bormann, General Wilhelm Burgdorf, and General Hans Krebs.

On the afternoon of 30 April, about a day and a half after he signed his last will and testament, Hitler and Braun committed suicide. Within the next two days, Goebbels, Burgdorf, and Krebs also committed suicide. Bormann's fate was unknown for decades, but the positive identification of his remains in 1998 indicated that he died fleeing on 2 May 1945 to avoid capture by the Soviet Red Army forces encircling Berlin.

Authorship
In his book The Bunker, James O'Donnell, after comparing the wording of Hitler's last testament to the writings and statements of both Hitler and Goebbels, concluded that Goebbels was at least partly responsible for helping Hitler write it. Junge stated that Hitler was reading from notes when he dictated the testament after midnight on 29 April.

History of the documents
Three messengers were assigned to take the will and political testament out of the besieged Führerbunker to ensure their presence for posterity. The first messenger was deputy press attaché Heinz Lorenz. He was arrested by the British while travelling under an alias as a journalist from Luxembourg. He revealed the existence of two more copies and messengers: Willy Johannmeyer, Hitler's army adjutant, and Bormann's adjutant SS-Standartenführer Wilhelm Zander. Zander was using the pseudonym "Friedrich Wilhelm Paustin" to travel, and was shortly apprehended along with Johannmeyer in the American zone of occupation. Thus, two copies of the papers ended up in American hands, and one set in British hands. The texts of the documents were published widely in the American and British press by January 1946 but British Foreign Secretary, Ernest Bevin, considered restricting access to these documents. He feared they might become cult objects among the Germans. Since they were public knowledge already, the Americans did not share these concerns but nonetheless agreed to refrain from further publication of them. Hitler's testament and his marriage certificate were presented to US President Harry S. Truman. One set was placed on public display at the National Archives in Washington for several years.

Hitler's original last will and testament is currently housed in the security vault of the National Archives at College Park in Maryland.

Aftermath
All four witnesses to the political testament died shortly afterwards. Goebbels and his wife committed suicide. Burgdorf and Krebs committed suicide together on the night of 1/2 May in the bunker. Bormann's exact time and place of death remain uncertain; his remains were discovered near the site of the bunker in 1972 and identified by DNA analysis in 1998. He probably died the same night trying to escape from the Führerbunker.

In the Flensburg Government of Hitler's appointed successor as Reichspräsident Dönitz, the depositions of Albert Speer and Franz Seldte were ignored (or the two ministers quickly reinstated). Neither former incumbent Joachim von Ribbentrop nor Hitler's appointee, Seyß-Inquart, held the post of Foreign Minister. The post was given to Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, who after Goebbels' suicide also became Leading Minister of the German Reich (Head of Cabinet, post equivalent to Chancellor).

In 1952, Hitler's sister Paula tried to claim her inheritance from the will, but was unsuccessful because Hitler had yet to be legally declared dead.

title: Last will and testament of Adolf Hitler


text:
Edison (crater)

Edison is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It is located just behind the north-northeastern limb of the Moon, a region that is sometimes brought into sight from Earth during favorable librations. However even at such times not much detail can be discerned, and the crater is better observed by orbiting spacecraft.

The Edison crater is attached to the southeastern outer rim of the crater Lomonosov, to the east of the walled plain Joliot. The satellite crater Edison T is attached to the western rim of Edison and the eastern rim of Joliot. To the south of Edison is the crater Dziewulski, and due east is Artamonov.

The outer rim of this crater is somewhat eroded, with two small craters along the southern edge, and the outer rampart of Lomonosov intruding slightly into the interior floor. The most intact section of rim is along the eastern side. The interior floor is relatively level, particularly in the southern half, and there is a small craterlet near the western inner wall. The floor displays dark patches and streaks of higher albedo surface where the ray system from Giordano Bruno to the north-northwest. However it is not as dark in hue as the floor of Lomonosov.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Edison.

title: Edison (crater)


text:
Talk:Říp Mountain

“Říp” name etymology?
“The name of the mountain [is of a pre-Slavic origin and] probably comes from '''the Germanic stem *rīp- which means ‘an elevation, a hill’.” — … such a “Germanic” stem does not exist! — — Who knows what “Říp” really stems from?? Univ. of Hamburg, Germany --80.171.20.87 14:55, 25 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm no expert on Germanic languages, but I've added a reference for that claim. I tried to google out more, and found out that the Czech popular scientific magazine Vesmír had an article about the topic in their 6/1996 issue (see here: ). They do have some articles available on-line, but that particular one is accessible to subscribers only. I'm afraid I don't have any printed copy here, but perhaps someone else does. --- Sandius 12:54, 26 July 2006 (UTC)

 * The article is already free to all, it says
 * Jméno Říp je původu předslovanského. Základem je germánské ríp (hora, vyvýšenina), které má latinskou paralelu ve slově rípa (břeh, svah, úbočí). Slované přejali jméno od zbytků germánských kmenů, popřípadě od německých kupců, pro které byla hora důležitým orientačním bodem při cestách do Prahy. Někteří jazykovědci odvozují původ jména až z ilyrsko-thráckého základu, ale tím se zabývat nebudeme. Zajímavější je, že po určitý čas se hora jmenovala Sankt Georgsberg. Tento německý název však vznikl v novější době, poté, co byla na vrchu postavena románská rotunda zasvěcená svatému Jiří.

 * My translation:
 * The name Říp is of preslavonic origin. Its root is Germanic "ríp" (mountain, hill), which has a latin parallel in a word "rípa" (bank, slope, hill-side). Slavic people took the name over from the remnants of Germanic tribes, or from German merchants, for whose the mountain was an important orientation point on their ways to Prague. Some linguists derive the origin of the name even from Illyrian-Thracian root but we will not deal with it. It is more interesting that the mountain was called "Sankt Georgsberg" for a certain period. This German name, however, was created in more recent times, after a romanesque rotunda of Saint George had been built here.
 * Miraceti 21:59, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

A bit linguistic matter: I guess, "Muhammad" in the saying "What Mecca is to Muhammad, Říp should be to a Czech!" should not be linked with Muhammad page but rather with the Muslim page because it quite probably refers to any Muslim, not just to Muhammad.

Please, compare it with an old Czech word "mohamedán" which means exactly the same as English "Muslim".

Then, I would translate the whole sentence as following: "What Mecca is to a Muhammad, Říp should be to a Czech!" Miraceti 15:10, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Don't forget that this saying was written in 1907 when no one there had a clue about subtleties of Islam. Pavel Vozenilek 16:10, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Nevertheless, I agree with Miraceti. This saying is probably really referring to a Muslim name Muhammad rather than the prophet Muhammad. I didn't realize this when writing the article. Updating now. Matt 07:47, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Please, don't forget that Turkey was a neighbour of Austrian-Hungarian empire at that time. Czechs knew very well in the beginning of 1920's who Muslims are, especially educated ones. Miraceti 22:09, 21 January 2006 (UTC)

 * I think opposite (someone had read catchy story about prophet and mislead city for a mountain) but I am not going to push it. Pavel Vozenilek 17:33, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

During my visit, I several times heard about the legend of "Grandfather Czech" (I believe is how I heard it) going to the top of Řip and saying something along the lines of, "This is the place where we will build our homeland." With the re-telling going on to say something along the lines of, "And the smart people kept going." I don't know if that re-telling from the legend is widespread enough to warrant inclusion, especially because of its self-deprecating nature, as I quite enjoyed my visit and would love to return and potentially even spend quite some time there. Igjeff 21:23, 16 December 2005 (UTC)
 * "This is the place where we will build our homeland." is according to the legend.
 * "And the smart people kept going." was told you as a joke, probably somebody assumed that you, American, would believe it. Miraceti 21:59, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Říp Mountain


text:
Talk:Lego Star Wars: The Video Game

Developers etc
The credit for developing, publishing and distribution is a little confusing to me. All versions seem to be published by Travelers Tales except for the GBA version which was developed by Griptonite Games. Eidos Interactive seems to have published the game, however, no source is clear on the role of Giant Entertainment. I've seen it listed as a publisher (IGN) and I've seen it mentioned as "Developed and Published by" (official site). Anyone know for sure? K1Bond007 22:53, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * The official website is linking to them on "developed and published", and from their website:

''Based in Beaconsfield, England, Giant Interactive Entertainment Ltd. is the only publisher to specialize exclusively in computer and video games for young gamers and their families. LEGO® Star Wars™: The Video Game is Giant's first step on the road to becoming the leading publisher in this market.'' But I agree this is too confusing. Most likely, they are the publishers in Europe, and the states get Eidos to do it. wS 10:08, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

The back of my PC game box (UK PAL) states the game is "Published by Giant Interactive Entertainment Ltd." Rusty595 (talk) 14:47, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

Grevious & C-3PO
General Greivious and C-3PO are on the cover of the game, but they aren't playable on the GBA game. What's up with that? User:Khang|Khang 15:29, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Grievous and C-3PO are playable characters in the other versions of the game, as well as NPC's in the GBA version, so I believe that to maintain continuity with the box art of the other versions, they were included on the box for the GBA game. Aericanwizard 21:52, 14 July 2006 (UTC)

 * Actually both characters are unlockable via codes. C-3PO does nothing, but I haven't done Greivious. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.171.162.40 (talk) 02:50, 19 February 2008 (UTC)

About Zam Wesell
Weren't Sev'rance Tann and Zam Wesell different people? Tann was a Confederate general in the game Star Wars Galactic Battlegrounds and Wesell was a bounty hunter in Episode II. Besides, Zam Wesell was killed in the beginning of Episode II, while Tann was killed by the clone army later on. Cowami, Worshipper of Qeueue 01:57, 17 May 2006 (UTC)
 * You're right. Someone got the name wrong. NapoleonB 23:01, 27 May 2006 (UTC)

Secret Level Section
I tried to do my best to improve the section--does it seem passable now? --Evan1109 06:55, 31 July 2006 (UTC)

Clean-up
This article needs a serious clea-up. The level by level walkthrough is completely unnecessary. The Secret Level especially, where it practically describes the entire level section by section. Most of this falls under WP:NOT (Wikipedia is not a game guide). I'll give it a week to see what people thing, and then set about tiding it myself. +Fin- 15:11, 9 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Hmph, this is the second time someone's gone ahead and edited all the shite out of it (happened on Age of Mythology too) - think I'll just edit away from now on... +Fin- 13:04, 14 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I just took a load out. Fixed up the Playable Characters thing so its actually correct now, I cleaned the GBA characters up, but its really poorly written, I don't have the GBA game so I don't know what's right or wrong. But anyway, like you said, this page seriously needs a lot of work. Gran2 21:02, 3 November 2006 (UTC)
 * The synopsis follows the contents of the movie, not the games. The cutscenes are very much abbreviated versions of the movie, but with more humor and sight-gags inserted to tell the story quickly. 24.18.54.49 02:25, 19 August 2007 (UTC)

Formatting
I've redone some of the formatting since the text became cluttered up BS Guus 07:39, 13 October 2006 (UTC)

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Move per WP:MOS-TM and WP:NCON. —Wknight94 (talk) 02:22, 28 September 2006 (UTC)

Requested move
LEGO Star Wars: The Video Game → Lego Star Wars: The Video Game – The brand name Lego is lowercase, even though the script font may look all uppercase. waffle iron talk 00:36, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

Survey
Add "* Support" or "* Oppose" followed by an optional one-sentence explanation, then sign your opinion with ~ --Stratadrake 00:45, 21 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Oppose The proper name is "LEGO"(despite some people here insisting it be spelled "Lego", and LucasArts(publisher of the game" spells it "LEGO Star Wars: The Video Game". It doesn't matter what LEGO is changed too since the video game spells it with capital letters. TJ Spyke 05:01, 20 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Support. Wikipedia style guidelines recommend that, for brand names typically printed in allcaps, they be spelled out in normal caps. Lego, Spam, Geico, Transformers, and so on.  I don't always agree with that guideline myself, but for sake of consistency all of the other Lego articles are spelled "Lego", not "LEGO".  Move & redirect.  --Stratadrake 12:51, 20 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Support. Need to follow Wiki guidelines. Zotdragon 15:44, 20 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Support as per Stratadrake. EVula 17:48, 20 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Comment, it does'nt matter what the brand name is, the GAME name was spelled LEGO. Are you trying to say that if LEGO change the spelling of their name to lEgo that this article would be moved as well? No, because the publisher of this game spelled it LEGO and I don't understand why you people voting yes would want the game article to be moved from the CORRECT name to an INCORRECT name. TJ Spyke 21:40, 20 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Strong Oppose Not the correct name of the game. Edgecution 23:15, 20 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Comment: Relevant Wiki guidelines are --
 * Manual of Style (trademarks) recommends using standard capitalization for trademarks depicted in ALLCAPS (i.e. 'Lego' instead of 'LEGO')
 * Naming conflict recommends that the common usage of a proper noun take precedence over the official usage
 * Comment, LEGO is the common usage, and how come CNET isn't at Cnet then? TJ Spyke 01:26, 21 September 2006 (UTC)
 * There's to be a discussion about that on the CNET Talk page from back in June (earlier than this survey). Now if Google were case-sensitive, we could do a 'Net search and compare whether LEGO or Lego is more common around the Web. Though, for a quick comparison about just how important this issue is, I suppose we could argue that since comic strips usually print their dialogue in ALLCAPS, and game boxes typically use ALLCAPS anyway, should we quote comic strips and game titles in ALLCAPS for the sake of matching how it is printed?  No.  --Stratadrake 12:20, 21 September 2006 (UTC)
 * PS: Capitalization came up at least three times on Talk:Lego, in addition the Lego article itself mentions that the "lego" trademark has become a common word for all interlocking brick toys.  --Stratadrake 12:31, 21 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Support according to Manual of Style (trademarks); “Lego” is not an acronym. --Rob Kennedy 19:22, 23 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Actually, yes it is. LEGO stands for "Leg Godt", which is Danish for "good toy". TJ Spyke 22:24, 23 September 2006 (UTC)
 * That is better described as an abbreviation or portmonteau than the common conception of an acronym. And this was already a subject of some debate on the Lego talk page.  Lego is also an anacronym as well -- it is so commonly as an ordinary word that the original meaning is all but forgotten and special capitalization is no longer applied. --Stratadrake 08:35, 24 September 2006 (UTC)

Discussion
Add any additional comments
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

GBA
Can I use a screenshots from GBA version to the polish star wars encyclopedy [www.ossus.pl/biblioteka Ossus Library]--Prymonek 22:10, 2 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I personally don't see why not, but you should check with whoever uploaded them first, and also check their copyright status. Gran2 22:13, 2 January 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Legostarwarsthevideogame.jpg
Image:Legostarwarsthevideogame.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 04:18, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

XBOX
Princess Leia is in the game.....I'm just heading off to bed now, but when I wake up I'll snap a photo with my webcam and upload it....unless I'm wrong due to sleep deprivation Tyler Warren (talk/contribs) 09:18, 19 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I know I'm responding to a suspended user's post, but there was a valid concern, namely that the list was attempting to be complete while leaving out some entries. I've updated it to match the PC/XBox version character list, but if the list is going to stay it needs to note which characters exist in which versions (DS being the only special case, I think).  I conducted some coherence editing while I was at it, but it still needs work.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.61.112.245 (talk) 21:59, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

ten belien fireflies were at my door some came in my window there friends followd them and I sang a song for them I like to make my selef beleave the planet earth teerns slowly it's hard to say that I brather stay awake when i'm asleep but every thing is never it seem's when I fall asleep —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.166.188.80 (talk) 02:38, 16 May 2010 (UTC)

Problem regarding release dates not beeing consitant across all articles
I've noticed that the releas date for the game stated in this article does not corrospond with the date stated in this article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Wars_Episode_III:_Revenge_of_the_Sith or this http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lego_Star_Wars_%28video_game_series%29

List of playable characters
The list of playable characters needs to be (re)added to this article. Lego Star Wars video game series no longer has its own page so the link to a list of characters no longer gives you that information. 220.253.2.34 (talk) 01:30, 14 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Lego Star Wars: The Video Game


text:
Talk:Wicca/Archive 1

Untitled
I think that someone should point out that the Magi are the Zoastrian priests, and it seems that a better term than "the Science of the Magi" could be found in discussing magic in general. I realize that this is a quote, but it gives somewhat inacurate information, and perhaps it shouldn't be used.

-

The very last paragraph (regarding the history of Wicca) is pretty uninformative and occasionally inaccurate. Having done some recent research on the subject, I'm considering writing up a complete article on it (probably to be called "History of Wicca") and replacing this section with a link - any thoughts? There's quite a lot of material to be covered about the history of this particular faith. --Saligos

-

"The matriarchal religions of pre-historic Europe" is used as though there was such a thing, but the article gives no explanation of what they were and how Wiccans might now be trying to revive them--as if that were possible on only the very scantiest of historical data. --LMS

-

In the public mind at least, Wicca and witchcraft are very closely associated. Could somebody who understands the association please explain it?

Oh, and by the way, in Australia circle work is a slang term for driving powerful, rear-drive, unladen vehicles (commonly utes) in such a way as to spin the rear wheels whilst turning, so the back end of the vehicle slides around in a circle (massive power oversteer, in other words). Such an activity is popular in the paddocks on the morning after a batchelors and spinsters ball common in the more redneck parts of Oz. Not something you commonly associate with Wiccans :) --Robert Merkel

In the states we call that doing donuts. Best done in an empty parking lot covered in ice or packed snow. It's a good way to learn how to drive in snow.--Gbleem 15:52, 13 Nov 2004 (UTC)

-

Don't some Wiccans believe in some kind of "rule of three", which, to paraphrase, meant "whatever you do to other people, you'll get it back three times as strongly"? --Robert Merkel

-

On what basis are you making the claim that wicca is derived from the word for wise? The Indo-European root word of 'wic' & 'weik' means 'to bend or shape'.

What does Vicxo mean or do? That's the first I've ever seen this; it doesn't seem to do anything on the finished page.

 * That causes a link to the Esperanto-language article "Vicxo" to be placed at the head and foot of the page (under "Other Languages"). - user:Montrealais

 * Which reminds me, I should document that feature on the English wiki. :) --Brion

I'm tempted to move information about some of the traditions to their own pages: for instance, there's more information about Gardnerian Wicca here than on Gardnerian Wicca. —Ashley Y 13:17, Nov 14, 2003 (UTC)

 * Done. —Ashley Y 17:10, Nov 15, 2003 (UTC)

I think "Charmed" link belongs on witch perhaps, but not here. —Ashley Y 20:46, Nov 29, 2003 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 21:00, 4 May 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Wicca/Archive 1


text:
User:Boud/Archive 1

archival page

i'm not sure whether making archives of users' personal pages is really justified - if you think this is getting too much like "personal promotion", please comment here. Boud 15:15, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Indymedia and Nepalese Maoists
Someone wrote to me privately the following attempt to understand and/or show that indymedia supports violence - IMHO this is too detailed a discussion, but at least by responding here maybe this might help clarify the argument.

Date: Mon, 19 Jul 2004

Another example of support for tyranny on Indymedia, ripped straight from today's headlines.

''Today we hear that Maoist Rebels have abducted 50 school children in Nepal. The students, aged 13-16, were dragged at gunpoint from a village school. Most were girls.''

AFAIR this is a credible newstory, but without even a URL i haven't been able to find the report itself.

''We know the goals of these rebels, because they trumpt them loudly on their website and other venues: they are traditional Maoist communists, and they seek the usual sorts of things that type seeks, via the usual methods. There is every reason to expect the result, if they are successful, is to be the same as in every other case in history: mass murder on a breathtaking scale.''

''So, let's search on Indymedia, to see what they have to say. There are any number of intellectually respectable positions on this, including oppoisition to the existing government, which is flawed in many obvious ways.''

''But Indymedia does not take those positions. Instead, as one might easily predict from past experience, Indymedia fully sides with the rebels, including with their violent activities.''

IMHO the closest thing to what could be called Indymedia's intellectual position on this is that the people who can best communicate what is happening in Nepal are the people living there, and that it would be great if a variety of people living in Nepal could organise an open, non-hierarchical indymedia group there. Last year there was some discussion regarding this, see the archives:

 * http://archives.lists.indymedia.org/imc-nepal/

Alternatively, in the absence of a local group, another local indymedia group engaged in solidarity with Nepalese might use their open, agreed-upon editorial process to prepare a collective, centre-column article, pointing to several sources of information. But this only engages the local collective in its point of view of information uncontrolled by authoritarian governments, corporations, unions, etc; it does not engage the whole network.

In the absence of both a local nepalese indymedia and any centre column articles, if there are articles posted on open newswires which are not hidden by the local collective, all this means is that the local collective lacked the time or ability to consense that the article is (for example) racist and consense on hiding the article.

It is simply wrong to say that Indymedia fully sides with the rebels. It could be said that people rarely add comments describing systematic human rights violations by the rebels to newswire articles, which i would guess is probably true simply because people are tired of having to do this, or because they are not engaged in any actions regarding Nepal and don't see any point in trying to add information to a situation where they have no first-hand information or information via methods which seem reliable.

Search on google for "nebal rebels site:indymedia.org".

This is not a method for trying to find any "official" position of Indymedia - Indymedia is a very horizontal network, many of the collective statements which are de facto agreed to are, in formal terms, only draft documents.

It should be: google on nepal rebels site:indymedia.org (p not b).

''Check out the headlines, read the articles. We see a mixed review of Maoist radio (it seems that it has lots of useful information for the people, but is boring because it praises Mao all the time). We see a celebratory headline, excited about a violent campaign to disrupt "capitalist production".''

''We see a reprint from the Marxist "A World To Win News Service" which is of course unadulterated praise for the "People's War". There's nothing like kidnapping children at gunpoint to get Marxists excited, that's for sure.''

This google search give a mix of articles from many different years, from different indymedia groups, and with no indication of whether the articles are hidden or not.

AFAIK, very few indymedia groups choose to label their hidden articles in a way that makes it obvious that these have been hidden; maybe this should become more common. The fact is that using google to find indymedia articles is not the best way to find indymedia on Nepal: the best way is to go on the spot, meet various Nepalese people who want to start indymedia Nepal (or Kathmandu) and if they really want to make an open publishing site, then help them do it.

''Boston Indymedia has a nice article to illustrate my point. Bush asked for $30 million to help fight these rebels, and this might or might not be a good idea, but *we don't even need to look at Indymedia* to guess what it says: this is not just a bad idea, but it's a bad idea because the Maoists are the *good guys*. It's a "popular socialist uprising". The rebels are responsible for "tremendous advances" in "education, clean drinking water, women's rights, and land reform."''

My guess is the subject is this article:
 * http://boston.indymedia.org/newswire/display_any/6416/index.php

This is the height of absurdity.

This is one article from 11 May 2002 making several claims and at the end presenting a point of view which calls for action (to oppose the $30 million for the Nepalese government). Clearly the call for action is different to wikipedia, where a request for action regarding specific claims of human rights violations would clearly be unacceptable.

However, this is a newswire article, not a centre-column feature (AFAIK - if this is wrong, please show this), and there is a place to add comments.

There are at least three different questions here: are the stated facts correct? Does the selection of facts leave out facts that should have been included in order to be more balanced? Should the article be uniquely a list of facts or is it acceptable to include a sentence recommending action?

Firstly, AFAIK, the claims of systematic human rights violations by the Nepalese government are credible (certainly Amnesty International reports agree with these). And i don't see any particular reason not to believe the claims of advances in education, clean drinking water, women's rights, and land reform. Overtly communist parties (though not Maoist) in Kerala and West Bengal have been elected (and often reelected) to government in state elections and nobody seems to dispute the high literacy in Kerala nor the success of land reform in West Bengal. Moreover, there have not been any massacres by either of these parties in government. AFAIK, the communist party in West Bengal is fairly authoritarian, but the danger is that of not getting a promotion etc, not of being assassinated. The situations in these two states do not constitute not evidence that the statement regarding the nepalese maoists' claimed accomplishments is correct, but it does put the statement in the category of something which could well be true, pending further information.

Secondly, however, there are clearly missing facts: the Amnesty reports also show systematic human rights violations by the Maoists.

Thirdly, whether or not calls for action should be included in an article is something that varies among different local indymedia collectives. Many people active in indymedia wish more than simply to be informed, they wish to oppose human rights violations (including the violations of the right to eat, the right to have a job, the right to have housing, the right to have a family, etc.), not just sit in front of a scomputer screen. Traditional newspapers and media often do call for action, though often subtly, e.g. they say that "we" should do this or that, or that "we, the X-an people" (where X is a nation-state) should do this or that. But should an independent medium use the same tactics? Should an independent medium avoid all suggestions for action? Or is it more honest to have overt calls for action rather than covert ones? There is probably no clear consensus on this among different indymedias - the local circumstances and history and people dynamics are different in each case, but there is generally an idea that in the role of indymedia, people should stick to the role of journalism; if they wish to get into the action, they should not claim this to be an indymedia action. In practice, the variety of people involved generally provides pressure to stick to this, since generally there simply would not be consensus on what actions are justified.

Moreover, given that most readers are capable of telling the difference between statements of supposed facts and calls for action, and that other readers are likely to add corrections either to the facts or to the calls for action, this is probably a moot point: readers synthesise for themselves.

''Can you in good conscience continue to support this? You claim to be in favor of peace and love, but...''

If you look at e.g. you can see my personal attempts to support concrete attempts in building anti-authoritarian communication structures for people living in Nepal, and if you look more generally at: you'll see the concerns others had about whether the maoists are involved and whether or not reports can come directly from people living in maoist areas, despite the danger they would put themselves in.
 * http://archives.lists.indymedia.org/imc-nepal/2002-July/000016.html
 * http://archives.lists.indymedia.org/imc-nepal/2002-July/thread.html

So yes: i support attempts to develop grassroots communication indymedia style and i'm in favour of peace and love. And yes: i am aware that the nepalese maoists, who claim to be developing a society which encourages education and women's rights and overcomes caste barriers, but systematically use violence and associate themselves with a person (Mao Tse Tung) who was associated with large-scale massacres, spam many local indymedia newswires with reports.

How do i reconcile these? i have spent some (not a huge amount, but a little) effort in trying to support people wanting to develop a local indymedia collective in Nepal. Some people do have internet access there, but not all, and given the poverty and lack of literacy, those people in Nepal who are most disadvantaged most certainly have much poorer internet access than a small elite. All the same, illiteracy is a surmountable problem: audio and video are highly accessible to people who are illiterate, provided they have the financial and technological resources.

So how about a positive proposal: Imagine that the wikipedia contributors convinced the Wikimedia Foundation to support a nepal-wikimedia project - without being associated with indymedia, but with similar principles to what indymedia claims to want for any local group (http://docs.indymedia.org/view/Local/NewImcHowTo). The project would aim to:
 * finance 1000 permanent broadband access connections to 1000 villages and city locations around Nepal, with a public access internet place with at least 3-4 GNU/Linux machines
 * make sure that these 1000 locations are distributed among government controlled areas, maoist controlled areas, and places which are independent from both
 * ensure some process so that people going to these internet places are secure and can contribute anonymously but with "nicknames" (nicks) - how to do this process is not obvious: unless the locals want it and believe it to be secure, it would not work
 * ensure that there are meta-processes, e.g. via wiki pages, so that people from the 1000 places can constructively communicate together, avoid sterile edit wars, etc.
 * ensure that these places do not end up being dominated by an elite - surely poor people should have the same human rights (e.g. to not be killed) as rich people
 * for example, sociocological barriers in favour of the brahmin caste would have to be overcome so that people labelled as being in this caste would not be able to prevent others from using these internet places

This is clearly beyond what i can do personally - and it's a plan missing many real factors in human relations - but if wikipedia contributors want to have independent reporting from Nepal, it seems to me that something like this would be much more constructive than trying to make some sort of filter to remove maoist articles from all local indymedia newswires.

bugzilla scratchpad
i wanted to add this to http://bugzilla.wikipedia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=95 but it requires a login via mail which i haven't got working yet. So for the moment it's just a paste of the text so as not to lose it. Boud 15:41, 10 Sep 2004 (UTC)

> Dat> Date: 2004-06-09 04:28 > Sender: SF user hashar > > This is hardcoded site wide. I don't think a template should > be used that much.

IMHO there is a major weakness - an inconsistency - in wikipedia at the moment, which is that in the many, many excellent articles regarding mathematics, physics etc, there are very rarely any links to software which is free under the GPL or other free (as in speech) licences. It's a bit like a democracy where every political party is itself internally a dictatorship. Well, maybe that's a poor analogy. In any case, i've got started on

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_algebra_system

and i haven't thought up of any more elegant method than templates. (i'm not totally happy with the template either - something like a GNU or Penguin would be nice, but not really fair since not all free software is, strictly speaking, GNU or Linux, even if the authors would probably not mind being associated. Anyone with a better idea please propose it or try it).

Anyway, since there are more than five free (as in speech) software packages in the list, the template fails for the sixth and further.

IMHO the limit should be increased, surely 20 or even 30 is probably OK.

Hmmm. A short term solution would be to put the Free software template as a header and regroup the packages.e: 2004-06-09 04:28 > Sender: SF user hashar > > This is hardcoded site wide. I don't think a template should > be used that much.

IMHO there is a major weakness - an inconsistency - in wikipedia at the moment, which is that in the many, many excellent articles regarding mathematics, physics etc, there are very rarely any links to software which is free under the GPL or other free (as in speech) licences. It's a bit like a democracy where every political party is itself internally a dictatorship. Well, maybe that's a poor analogy. In any case, i've got started on

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_algebra_system

and i haven't thought up of any more elegant method than templates. (i'm not totally happy with the template either - something like a GNU or Penguin would be nice, but not really fair since not all free software is, strictly speaking, GNU or Linux, even if the authors would probably not mind being associated. Anyone with a better idea please propose it or try it).

Anyway, since there are more than five free (as in speech) software packages in the list, the template fails for the sixth and further.

IMHO the limit should be increased, surely 20 or even 30 is probably OK.

Hmmm. A short term solution would be to put the Free software template as a header and regroup the packages.

title: User:Boud/Archive 1


text:
Talk:Core ontology

Does this related to Basic_English?

 * Yes, i believe so. This is quite important.--  ExpImp talk con 01:46, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

I'd like to read the writing(s) by Quine that are alluded to in the article, but have yet to find it (/them). If anyone could provide a citation, that would be helpful. If I find something, I'll list it here or add it to the references listed in the article. Threepenpals (talk) 23:42, 21 December 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Core ontology


text:
User talk:64.88.4.2

April 2005

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July 2005
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October 2005
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title: User talk:64.88.4.2


text:
Talk:Nicolaus von Below

Spelling
Source for the correct spelling of his name Hitler's last testament In German: http://www.ne.jp/asahi/masa/private/history/ww2/text/politisches.html --Philip Baird Shearer 15:18, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I did not find the name in the link given. However, the name is "Nicolaus" and the page name should be changed accordingly

 * Nicholaus/Nicolaus von Below is not listed on the above external link, AFAICT "Nicolaus von Below" is used significantly more often than "Nicholas von Below" or "Nicholaus von Below". Olessi 23:59, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

Father?
Was he the son of either of the WW1 Generals called Von Below? Valetude (talk) 12:23, 27 December 2013 (UTC)

 * He was the grandson of one of them, cf. German Wikipedia. --Terminally uncool (talk) 09:18, 20 August 2017 (UTC)

Message to Keitel
Perhaps an encyclopedia should at least mention the fact, that the guy denied that there has been a message to Keitel, cf. the German article... Mit Verlöff, mit Verlöff... --Terminally uncool (talk) 09:06, 20 August 2017 (UTC)
 * As long as WP:RS cited, sure, it can be done. Kierzek (talk) 19:24, 20 August 2017 (UTC)

Hitler's inner circle didn't change much
"Below, with the rank of colonel, was one of the few members of Hitler's entourage to continually serve in a close capacity for so many years."

Completely wrong. Hitler's inner circle didn't change much during the war - by and large, the adjutants, the secretaries and the manservants kept their jobs throughout the war, as did Jodl and Keitel in the OKW. All Hitler biographers note that he was averse to changes in his personal surroundings. (With the army leadership and the generals and field marshals it's another story, but these men did not "serve in a close capacity".)2A02:AA1:1612:5ECF:BD64:F37C:61E6:D2F9 (talk) 18:53, 18 January 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nicolaus von Below


text:
Emilio M. Garza

Emilio Miller Garza (born August 1, 1947) is a former United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit and former United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas.

Education and career
Born in San Antonio, Texas, Garza graduated from the University of Notre Dame in 1969, receiving a Bachelor of Arts degree there in 1969 and a Master of Arts in 1970. He then joined the United States Marine Corps, in which he was an officer from 1970 to 1973. Garza earned his Juris Doctor at the University of Texas School of Law in 1976. He was an attorney in private practice with the law firm of Clemens, Spencer, Welmaker & Fink in San Antonio between 1976 and 1986. He was a Judge of the Bexar County, Texas Two Hundred and Twenty-Fifth District Court from 1987 to 1988

Federal judicial service
On February 2, 1988, President Ronald Reagan nominated Garza to the United States District Court for the Western District of Texas, to fill the seat vacated by William S. Sessions. The Senate confirmed Garza's nomination on April 19, 1988, and Garza received his commission the following day. His service terminated on June 7, 1991, due to elevation to the court of appeals.

On April 11, 1991, President George H. W. Bush nominated Garza to a seat on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit vacated by Thomas Morrow Reavley, and he was confirmed by the Senate on May 24, 1991, receiving his commission on May 30, 1991. Judge Garza assumed senior status August 1, 2012 and retired on January 5, 2015.

Supreme Court consideration
Garza was mentioned as a potential nominee to the United States Supreme Court. In fact, he was interviewed in 1991 for the vacancy created by the retirement of Justice Thurgood Marshall. That seat ultimately went to Justice Clarence Thomas.

Notable opinions

 * Special concurrence in Fisher v. University of Texas, 631 F.3d 213 (5th Cir. 2011)
 * Strong dissent in Fisher v. University of Texas, 758 F.3d 633 (5th Cir. 2014)
 * Dissenting from denial of rehearing en banc in Reliable Consultants, Inc. v. Earle, 538 F.3d 355 (5th Cir. 2008)
 * Majority opinion in Comacho v. Texas Workforce Commission, 408 F.3d 229 (5th Cir. 2005)
 * Majority opinion in U.S. v. Bird, 401 F.3d 633 (5th Cir. 2005)
 * Majority opinion in Wallace v. County of Comal, 400 F.3d 284 (5th Cir. 2005)
 * Majority opinion in Sierra Club v. Peterson, 228 F.3d 559 (5th Cir. 2000) (en banc)
 * Majority opinion in Atwater v. City of Lago Vista, 195 F.3d 242 (5th Cir. 1999) (en banc)
 * Majority opinion in United States v. Navarro, 169 F.3d 228 (5th Cir. 1999)
 * Majority opinion in United States v. Castillo, 179 F.3d 321 (5th Cir. 1999)
 * Special concurrence in Flores v. Johnson, 210 F.3d 456 (2000)
 * Special concurrence in Causeway Med. Suite v. Ieyoub, 109 F.3d 1096 (5th Cir. 1997)
 * Concurring opinion Doe v. Hillsboro Independent School District, 113 F.3d 1412 (5th Cir. 1997)(en banc)

In 2010, Garza joined Judges Edith Brown Clement and Priscilla Owen in affirming the dismissal of the complaint in Doe v. Silsbee Independent School District. The plaintiff ("H.S.") was a cheerleader who was ordered by her high school to cheer for her alleged rapist, a basketball player named Rakheem Bolton. H.S. refused and was kicked off the team. She sued, claiming a violation of her First Amendment right to free speech. The Eastern District of Texas, Judge Thad Heartfield, granted the school district's motion to dismiss, and Judges Clement, Garza, and Owen affirmed. H.S. was ordered to pay the school $45,000 in legal fees for filing a "frivolous" lawsuit.

title: Emilio M. Garza


text:
Talk:Autonomous University of Nuevo León

Picture
Does anyone know how to link to the picture that appears on the Spanish Wikipedia site, without copying and re-uploading it? -RussBlau 15:19, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Copying and reuploading is the only way to do it.-gadfium 03:45, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Changes
Among other things, I changed this page so that it said that the school did not formally organize until 1933. The original page in Spanish says it "organized until 1933," but I don't think that makes sense in Spanish either. I think they left out a word in the Spanish, and the mistake was preserved in the translation, but I would appreciate confirmation of this. --Cromwellt | Talk 00:45, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Your interpretation's correct. The Spanish is ok, too -- where hasta is used with the sense of no fue sino hasta. –Hajor 01:06, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Are you saying that the Spanish is correct? If it isn't, let's change it.  --Cromwellt | Talk 07:45, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

The Spanish is fine. Pedants might frown, but I don't have a problem with it. –Hajor 13:39, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

Merge?
How about merging this article with the "UANL" article?

Name change
I would propose changing the name of the article to Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León since all articles but the UNAM in Category:Universities and colleges in Mexico are listed under its official (Spanish) name. --Vizcarra 00:04, 19 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Apparently your proposal won out. However, IMO it ought to be moved (back) to Autonomous University of Nuevo León. See the guideline at Naming conventions (use English).--Rockero 21:29, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 5 external links on Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110721001900/http://www.elporvenir.com.mx/notas.asp?nota_id=108734 to http://www.elporvenir.com.mx/notas.asp?nota_id=108734
 * Added tag to http://www.uanl.mx/noticias/institucional/rogelio-garza-rivera-nuevo-rector-de-la-uanl.htmll
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090904134520/http://www.uanl.mx/acerca/antecedentes to http://www.uanl.mx/acerca/antecedentes
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090830064639/http://www.uanl.mx/acerca/cronologia to http://www.uanl.mx/acerca/cronologia
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080917053213/http://noticias.uanl.mx/descripcion.php?id_not=5378 to http://noticias.uanl.mx/descripcion.php?id_not=5378
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20091030131053/http://www.uanl.mx/deporte/ to http://www.uanl.mx/deporte/

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Requested move 15 April 2021

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) Vaticidalprophet 18:52, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León → Autonomous University of Nuevo León – This is the form of the name listed in the opening. The general consensus seems to be to translate words that have essentially the same meaning in English and Spanish, such as autonomous and university. The practice is to not translate Nuevo in Nuevo León. John Pack Lambert (talk) 12:21, 15 April 2021 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Support per WP:USEENGLISH. Rreagan007 (talk) 13:22, 15 April 2021 (UTC)