text:
Gabriel Bonnot de Mably

Gabriel Bonnot de Mably (Grenoble, 14 March 1709 – 2 April 1785 in Paris), sometimes known as Abbé de Mably, was a French philosopher, historian, and writer, who for a short time served in the diplomatic corps. He was a popular 18th-century writer.

Biography

Gabriel Bonnot was born at Mably, Loire into a family that belonged to the Noblesse de robe or Nobles of the Robe. This class formed the Second Estate whose rank derived from holding judicial or administrative posts and were often hard-working professionals, unlike the aristocratic Noblesse d'épée or Nobles of the Sword. He and his older brother Jean added "de Mably" to their names; his younger brother Étienne used another family property, at Condillac, Drôme. As 'Condillac', he also became a noted writer and philosopher.

Gabriel and his brothers were educated in an institution run by the Society of Jesus or Jesuits; he enrolled in a seminary at Saint-Sulpice. In 1742, he became a confidant of Cardinal Tencin, then Minister of State without Portfolio, for whom he carried out various diplomatic roles during the 1740 to 1748 War of the Austrian Succession. They included negotiating an alliance with Prussia in 1743 and preparing terms for the 1746 Congress of Breda, which sought to agree a separate peace with Britain. However, he fell out with Cardinal Tencin and thereafter focused on scholarly pursuits.

Based on the recommendation of Françoise-Louise de Warens, in April 1740, Mably's older brother Jean employed the 28-year-old Jean-Jacques Rousseau as tutor for his two oldest sons. Rousseau produced two short works addressed to Jean de Mably: "Memorandum Presented to Monsieur de Mably on the Education of Monsieur His Son" and the shorter "Plan for the Education of Monsieur de Sainte-Marie". These outline a proposed system of education for Jean de Mably's sons and also present one of his earliest public self-reflections and self-justifications. By summer 1741, Rousseau realized he was ill-suited to the position and the two agreed to end his employment, parting on friendly terms.

The historian Leo Damrosch explains that at this time, Abbé de Mably

"had just published a treatise comparing Roman institutions of government with French ones and celebrating the progress of civilization ... Conversing with Mably, Condillac, [and friends he had met at Lyon's reading club] Parisot, Bordes, and their friends, Rousseau found himself in a stimulating intellectual milieu, and the studies he had put himself through in Chambéry suddenly came to life."

Rousseau would remain lifelong friends with Mably and his family. Both Mably and his brother Condillac visited Rousseau when he moved to Montmorency, Val-d'Oise. Rousseau later reflected upon his experience tutoring Jean de Mably's sons in The Confessions.

Influence
In 1909, the anarchist Peter Kropotkin credited Mably several achievements: he is credited with being responsible for why the study of politics, constitutions, and elective representation in the 18th century was so popular, with inspiring the egalitarian, communal, and anti-inequality ethos of the French Revolution, and for being an early advocate of communist or communal possession of the land.

Writings
Mably's most well-known work is Entretiens de Phocion, a dialogue first published in 1763, which introduced themes of his mature thought. Two of his works were published posthumously and they had a profound effect on the early deliberations on the assembly of the Estates-General of 1789: an enlarged version of his Histoire de France (first published in 1765), which was published in May 1789 to great acclaim. Authorities tried unsuccessfully to suppress it by confiscating many copies. Secondly, Des droits et des devoirs du citoyen, written in 1758, was also published after his death. He warned against events that later developed during the French Revolution.

These two works were seen to contribute to the later concepts of both communism and republicanism. He advocated the abolition of private property, which he stated incompatible with sympathy and altruism, and conducive to one's antisocialuty or egotism. Be praises elitist Plato, but also the enlightened Stoic views on natural human equality. Mably went further than the traditional Stoic argument that all men possessed a divine spark. He also went beyond the liberal concept of equality before the law, and argued for the equality of needs. He argued that virtue was more valued than the acquisition or possession of material wealth, and criticized idleness. He found an audience among those who were critical of the inherited wealth and privilege of the nobility, who did no work.

Mably's complete works were published in 15 volumes in 1794–1795, with an obituary/biography by Gabriel Brizard.

List of 18 published works by Gabriel Bonnot de Mably (1709–1785)
 * Parallèle des Romains et des François par rapport au gouvernement (1740)
 * Lettres à Madame la Marquise de P... sur l'Opéra (1741)
 * Le droit public de l'Europe fondé sur les traités conclus jusqu'en l'année 1740 (1746)
 * Observations sur les Grecs (1749)
 * Observations sur les Romains (1751)
 * Des principes des négociations pour servir au Droit public fondé sur les traités@ (1757)
 * Entretiens de Phocion, sur l'introduction de la morale avec la politique, traduits du grec de Nicoclès, avec des remarques (1763)
 * Réponse de M. Abbé de Mably à M. Abbé Rome (1764)
 * Observations sur l'histoire de France, Books I – IV (1765)
 * Observations sur l'histoire de la Grèce, ou Des causes de la Prospérité et des malheurs des Grecs (1766)
 * Doutes proposées aux philosophes économistes sur l' Ordre naturel et essentiel des sociétés politiques (1768)
 * Du commerce des grains (1775)
 * De l'étude de l'histoire à Monseigneur le prince de Parme Tome XVI du cours d'études pour l'instruction du Prince de Parme, aujourd'hui S.A.R. l'Infant D. Ferdinand, duc de Parme, Plaisance, Gasuelle etc. par M. l'Abbé de Condillac (1775)
 * De la législation, ou Principes des lois (1776)
 * Du gouvernement et des lois de la Pologne (1771 or 1776 ?)
 * De la manière d'écrire l'histoire (1783)
 * Principes de morale (1784)
 * Observations sur le gouvernement et les lois des États-Unis d'Amérique (1784)

Posthumous publications of individual works, published in 1786-1794
 * Observations sur l'histoire de France, nouvelle édition précédée de l'éloge historique de L'auteur par M. l'abbé Brizard (1788)
 * De la situation politique en Pologne en 1776
 * Le Banquet des politiques
 * De l'étude de la politique
 * Des maladies politiques et de leur traitement
 * Des droits et des devoirs du citoyen (1789; reprinted in 1793; written in 1758)
 * Du commerce des grains
 * De la superstition
 * Notre gloire et nos rêves
 * De la paix d'Allemagne
 * De la mort de l'impératrice-reine
 * L'oracle d'Apollon
 * Des talens
 * Du beau
 * Du développement, des progrès et des bornes de la raison
 * Le compte rendu
 * La retraite de M. Necker
 * Du cours et de la marche des passions dans la société

Posthumous Complete works to 1795
 * Œuvres complètes de l'Abbé Mably précédées nouvelle édition précédée de l'éloge historique de l'auteur par M. l'abbé Brizard, 12 vol., slightly incomplete London edition (1789)
 * Œuvres complètes de l'abbé Mably, 19 vol., Toulouse (Sens) & Nîmes (Gaude) edition, (1791)
 * Œuvres complètes de l'abbé Mably, nouvelle édition; revue, corrigée et augmentée, 19 vols. Toulouse (Sens) & Nîmes (Gaudeedition), (1793)
 * Collection complète des œuvres de l'abbé Mably, 15 vols. Paris edition (Desbrières), (1794/1795) more complete than previous editions.

Recent Translations in English by Simon de Vries
 * Concerning the Rights & Duties of the Citizen – Comtal Publications, 2008 – ISBN 0-9557974-0-3
 * Letters to Madame the Marchioness of P **** on the Opera – Comtal Publications, 2010 – ISBN 978-0-9557974-1-5

title: Gabriel Bonnot de Mably


text:
Blazing

Blazing or blazin' can refer to;

 * Trail blazing, practice of marking outdoor pathways
 * A technique for changing the energy distribution of dispersed light from a diffraction grating by altering the shape of the slits
 * A slang term for smoking cannabis
 * Blazing, a 2011 album by Jenny Wilson
 * "Blazin" (song), a 2010 song by Nicki Minaj
 * "Blazin", a song by Alison Hinds from the album Soca Queen, 2007
 * "Blazin", a song by In This Moment from the album A Star-Crossed Wasteland, 2010
 * "Blazin", a 2004 song by MC Tali
 * "Blazin", a 2007 song by Bliss n Eso
 * "Blazin", a 2007 song by Ghislain Poirier
 * Lauren Blazing (born 1992), American field hockey player

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Blazing


text:
Talk:David Souter

Post-retirement
Comments Souter made about the importance of civic education in 2012 gained some attention again in 2016. Possibly warrants a short mention in the article. --Knope7 (talk • contribs) 04:39, 31 December 2016 (UTC)

 * I think not? "have been circulating on the internet" hardly seems encyclopedic, and the overarching subject matter might also fail WP:NPOV. Also, I think such a thing would not belong in a new section called "Post-retirement." Incidently, I had been thinking it had been some time since Justice Souter sat on the First Circuit, but looking I see that he has sat from January to March these last 4 years. The First Circuit hasn't published a regular calendar for Jan. 2017 yet, merely a special single sitting of 9 consolidated cases for one hour on Wednesday, so I don't think it would even be fair to say there was any change in pattern yet. jhawkinson (talk) 06:04, 31 December 2016 (UTC)
 * I wasn't proposing a new section for the actual article, I was merely thinking of his activities after the Supeme Court as post-retirement activities.. Surely the fact that he still makes public speaking appearances is worth a mention, even if the 2012 talk which NPR and Rarchel Maddow found to be prescient is not a fit for this article. Knope7 (talk) 06:17, 31 December 2016 (UTC)

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Retire
I am not so in us politics but i am very surprised about the date he gone?? was his party not very very angry about this? they lost one seat for more or less no reason? special if he thought about going out long before? sounds to me for a absolut no go to lose a seat in suprem court for such a small reason like "he did not want to leave 2 persons same year".Shlomo34 (talk) 12:26, 7 January 2020 (UTC)

Notable decisions
Currently listed: Only two cases, one of which he was in the minority, and the other a divided majority/group opinion. These are also both hot-button political issues. There must be a broader selection of notable decisions by David Souter? 2601:181:C381:6C80:511F:6DDA:9A68:A008 (talk) 03:16, 9 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Absolutely this article should be expanded. Having written about the jurisprudence of other U.S. Supreme Court justices, I can say from experience it's not easy. I recommend editors making suggestions for cases or sources, if not just writing chunks of an expanded jurisprudence section. Knope7 (talk) 03:33, 9 December 2020 (UTC)

post-2020 by designation sittings
In here you reverted my recent edit, noting "not necessary to report on something that did not occur." That's a true statement, but the test is not necessity but rather appropriateness. Here, it's appropriate to explain that the most recent year is not consistent with the general trend (for reasons of recency bias, and that trends end by ending), and there is also reason to think Souter may no longer be sitting on cases ("retired Justice David H. Souter did not hire a clerk for OT 2020 — and presumably won’t be hiring clerks for future terms as well." https://abovethelaw.com/2020/07/supreme-court-clerk-hiring-watch-a-term-like-no-other/). For those reasons, I'll restore the the language noting his lack of 2021 panels absent compelling justification. jhawkinson (talk) 18:09, 29 June 2021 (UTC)

Also: it's clearly incorrect to have reverted the   which leaves the article claiming it needs an update. jhawkinson (talk) 18:22, 29 June 2021 (UTC)

 * You're right- evidently I was reading the change incorrectly and presumed it unnecessary. My apologies! Steve Lux, Jr. (talk) 19:39, 29 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:David Souter


text:
Garswood

Garswood is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of St. Helens, Merseyside, England. The village is within the civil parish of Seneley Green. The parish was part of Ashton-in-Makerfield until the 1974 boundary changes.

History
Formerly in the historic county of Lancashire, Garswood is from Old English gyr “fir” and wudu "wood", the fir wood. The name was recorded as Gratiswode (undated).

Along with extensive farming, Garswood has seen much coal mining activity in its past, due to strata running up to an adjacent fault causing much outcropping of coal seams. Local mines included Garswood Park (which operated 1868–1880), Seneley Green (1869-1880), Birchenheds (1880-1925) and Park (1869-1960).

Mining has taken place using (comparatively) shallow shafts and many drifts. The last drift mine in the Garswood area (in neighbouring Golborne), Quaker House Colliery, closed in 1992. Extensive opencast mining has taken place in more recent times and still continues in the area.

The village contains the Railway Hotel, the Stag Hotel and the Simms Road Inn public houses. It also has a Labour Club, a Conservative Club, and Garswood United Football Club.

Education
In 1588 Seneley Green (as it was then known) became the site of Ashton-in-Makerfield Free Grammar School, the area's first free grammar school, founded by Robert Byrchall on land granted for the purpose by Sir Thomas Gerard.

Whilst the original building has long since been demolished, today the site is used as Garswood Public Library, housed in a grade II listed building.

Ashton-in-Makerfield Free Grammar School was attended by Saint Edmund Arrowsmith, one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.

Garswood County Primary School is located in the centre of Garswood and in 2018/19 had 207 pupils on its roll.

Governance
Before 1974 Garswood fell under the administrative control of Ashton-in-Makerfield Urban District. In 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, the district was abolished, with the area split administratively. The changes resulted in the creation of the Seneley Green Parish, containing Garswood, Pewfall and Downall Green, which now fell within the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens in the newly created Merseyside.

The village is now part of the Billinge and Seneley Green wards of St Helens.

Sport
Garswood United F.C. were formed in 1967 and joined the Mid-Cheshire League in 1988. They won Division Two in 1990 and Division One in 1996.

Garswood Stags ARLFC was founded in 2013. The club is coached by former St Helens RL and Great Britain international Paul Loughlin.

Transport
Garswood railway station provides direct rail links to Liverpool, St. Helens and Wigan, plus many other stations along the same line.

Road links are provided by the village's proximity to the M6 motorway and the East Lancashire Road (A580). Garswood is close to Haydock Industrial / Business Estates, where companies such as Sainsbury's and Booker have warehousing facilities, creating employment for a large surrounding area.

Companies including Arriva, Huyton Travel and Cumfy Bus operate bus services locally and there are links to other areas including St Helens, Rainford, Ashton-in-Makerfield and Billinge.

title: Garswood


text: File:1941 movie.jpg

title: File:1941 movie.jpg


text:
Mably

Mably may refer to:

 * Gabriel Bonnot de Mably (1709–1785), French philosopher and politician
 * Luke Mably (born 1976), British actor
 * Mably, Loire, a commune in the Loire département in France

title: Mably


text:
Fidelis

Fidelis may refer to:

 * People:
 * See Fidelis (name)

 * Places:
 * Fidelis, Florida, an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Santa Rosa County, Florida, United States.
 * São Fidélis, a municipality in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
 * Baltazar Fidélis (CPTM), São Paulo metro station

 * Organisations:
 * Fidelis Books, division of LifeWay Christian Resources
 * Fidelis Care, U.S. insurer
 * Fidelis Cybersecurity, acquired by General Dynamics
 * Fidelis Education, technology company
 * Fidelis, 501(c)4 organization owning CatholicVote.org
 * Fidelis Furnishing Fabrics, litigant in Panorama Developments (Guildford) Ltd v Fidelis Furnishing Fabrics Ltd, 1971 UK company law case concerning the enforceability of obligations against a company.
 * Fidelis Institute of Economic Ethics, within the Pontifical Athenaeum Regina Apostolorum.

 * Other:
 * Fidelis Andria, an Italian football club based in Andria, Apulia
 * Sprint Fidelis, cardiac monitor made by Medtronic

title: Fidelis


text:
Talk:Prince Henrik of Denmark

Untitled
Renamed page per Wiki stylebook re form for royal consorts, male or female. Mowens35 13:15, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This just sounds very weird now! Prince Consort Henrik… huh? His name in Denmark is “Henrik, Hans Kongelige Højhed Prinsen”, which translates “Henrik, His Royal highness The Prince”. He might be a consort, but nobody calls him a consort. This is just plain weird now I think. Prince Henrik of Denmark is much more correct, as he actually goes in the public as “Prince Henrik”

At Her Majesty's birthday on April 16 2005, The Queen gave to Prince Henrik the title of His Royal Highness The Prince Consort of Denmark, which in Danish translates to Hans Kongelige Højhed Prinsgemalen. So there is nothing wrong with the article.

Fluent Chinese
The article (as well as Henrik's official biography at kongehuset.dk) claims that Henrik speaks fluent "Chinese". Though Chinese has a unified written language, its various spoken forms/variants/dialects/sublanguages are said to mutually incomprehensible. Does it makes sense to say that somebody speaks Chinese in general, then? –Henning Makholm 04:58, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Possibly not. I presume it is Mandarin Chinese. --Thathánka Íyotake (talk) 01:38, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

Count de Laborde de Monpezat
Is he still "Count de Laborde de Monpezat" too? Demophon (talk) 14:31, 30 April 2008 (UTC)
 * I cannot see any reason for him to lose any French titles upon gaining Danish ones. Of course, this is assuming that he was Count de Laborde de Monpezat to begin with (see footnote 1). -- Jao (talk) 15:46, 30 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Ghehe, you are right, I didn't see the footnote ;-) By-the-way, his children did get the Danish noble title "Count of Monpezat", as I can see on their Wikipedia websites. Is the title also given to Prince Henrik? I can not read Danish. Demophon (talk) 15:55, 30 April 2008 (UTC)
 * You are more up to date than me, I had no idea about the "Count of Monpezat" thing. According to the press release (which was released today) this new title is bestowed upon Frederik and Joachim and their spouses and descendants, in the common Danish variants (greve for male descendants, grevinde for their spouses, and komtesse for female descendants). Henrik's titles are not changed by this. -- Jao (talk) 16:07, 30 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Perhaps this is a sign of a to-be-reigning House of Monpezat rather than a sham House of Glücksburg after Margrethe II. Charles 16:09, 30 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Henrik's French titles are 'personal titles', I assume (since France, is a Republic). GoodDay (talk) 22:04, 30 April 2008 (UTC)
 * The name of the house can't be changed every time there happens to be a queen rather than a king. I find the male-line "Count of Monpezat" nonsense amusing because if Christian has an eldest daughter she'll be queen and her descendants won't be counts of Monpezat. Henrik's self-centeredness can be washed out of the Danish royal family that easily.67.100.203.179 (talk) 17:52, 30 April 2009 (UTC)
 * The reigning house of Denmark is the House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. The House of Laborde de Monpezat does not exist in Denmark. The Princes, their wives and their children have recently been given the Danish additional titles of Count/Countess of Montpezat in honour of Prince Henrik, but the name of the reigning House is not affected.In an era of gender equality it is normal that the House name should not change. The Royal web-site makes the position clear: http://kongehuset.dk/publish.php?dogtag=k_dk_familien Harlay (talk) 19:12, 24 August 2009 (UTC)
 * That may be how you translate the Danish version of the website, but the English version says nothing about the future name of the dynasty beyond Queen Margrethe II: all it does is confirm that the present Royal Family "descends" from the House of Glucksborg (just as the House of Glucksborg "descends" from the House of Oldenburg). Following Margrethe II a new situation occurrs: the male-line of Oldenburg will no longer reign in Denmark. Nothing has been stated officially about the name of the dynasty that will accede when Margrethe ceases to reign. The fact that she is considered a "Glucksborg" is simply traditional: in Europe, an heiress to a throne has always been considered to reign as a member of her father's dynasty. But when her child or descendant succeeds to the throne, sometimes the dynasty becomes known by the father's surname (e.g. Vasa {Poland}), Bourbon (Navarre), Tudor, Stuart, Hanover and Saxe-Coburg {Britain}, Bourbon {Spain}); sometimes the dynasty keeps the name of the maternal line (Romanov (Russia), Nassau (Netherlands), Grimaldi (Monaco); sometimes a combination is used (Habsburg-Lorraine (Austria); Austria-Este (Modena). Until an official declaration is issued, we don't know to what dynasty Denmark's next monarch will belong. Horledi (talk) 18:35, 19 September 2009 (UTC)

Validity of the "Count de Laborde de Monpezat" title
it may be useful to indicate in this article that the Laborde family has never belonged to French nobility under any governements, and, as such, cannot claim any title from this country (with no offense to the Danish royal family) : Henri's father was no count, neither was the Prince Consort before his marriage. if such title exists today, it is a Danish one as it was conferred by the Queen to both of her sons. CMP —Preceding unsigned comment added by 132.168.9.147 (talk) 12:04, 26 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Have you read the Count controversy section? -- Jao (talk) 13:20, 26 January 2009 (UTC)
 * ok so maybe the title should not be mentionned before his father's name, as well as in the "titles" section of Prince Henrik ? I understand that he used to be known under the count title for a while (1934-1967) but that's no justification of his rights. French translation of this article has the same problem. CMP  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 132.168.9.147 (talk) 13:16, 27 January 2009 (UTC)

Dubious
Why is the source for the Vatican's agreement to his conversion marked as dubious? It looks OK to me. Nutiketaiel (talk) 17:34, 28 October 2009 (UTC)

 * The claim that Vatican agreed to his conversion was marked as dubious by another user. I inserted the source and I too can't understand how Vatican allowed someone to cease practicing Roman Catholicism? Surtsicna (talk) 20:19, 28 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I find it odd as well, but stranger things have happened, and we have a suitable source for it now. Shouldn't the dubious tag be removed?  Nutiketaiel (talk) 16:43, 29 October 2009 (UTC)
 * If you think that it should be removed, go ahead. If I remove it, one could say that I did it because I inserted the source :) Surtsicna (talk) 17:04, 30 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I have removed it. The source you added seems to be perfectly adequate.  Nutiketaiel (talk) 17:22, 30 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I disagree. First, Wikipedia's Verifiability rule requires "exceptional" not merely "adequate" substantiation for in-credible or virtually unprecedented assertions: the Pope's consent that a Roman Catholic should abandon his faith in order to take up another is an extraordinary -- perhaps (except under duress) altogether unheard of -- event (whereas marriages between Catholics and non-Catholic royalty have been well-documented, and in none has permission ever been granted to the Catholic to abandon the faith -- indeed, in some cases (Princess Anne of Bourbon-Parma, Princess Giovanna of Savoy) the Pope refused permission for any of the future children to be raised as non-Catholic -- including the heir to Orthodox thrones -- let alone conversion to Orthodoxy of the already-Catholic fiancée. Multiple reliable sources would be needed to justify inclusion of this claim, especially in a WP:BLP article. Secondly, the source does not say that the Pope approved Henri's conversion to Protestantism, rather it says that the Vatican "gave its consent for him to settle his personal religious situation". That could mean no more than that he managed to obtain a letter from a Vatican prelate recognising that, as a free citizen of a European nation, he had the right to take up membership in any church of his choice. The wording is insufficient to justify an allegation of Catholic authorization for his conversion from Catholicism. Therefore, I am restoring the dubious tag. Horledi (talk) 16:35, 31 October 2009 (UTC)
 * Ah. Well, that seems reasonable.  OK then.  Nutiketaiel (talk) 19:57, 6 November 2009 (UTC)

It's clear that he converted from Catholicism to Lutheranism. Henrik writes in his autobiography Skæbne forpligter that his father was sceptical to his conversion. Garn Svend (talk) 14:09, 1 May 2011 (UTC)
 * I removed the tag since the specific statement present in the article (as of today) does not appear in doubt. What the pope, the Vatican or the catholic church think of it all is perhaps more dubious but the text does not mention it one way or the other. GL (talk) 10:19, 11 January 2013 (UTC)

Ancestry
I am not sure how having an ancestry chart will help readers understand that the Prince's family was not titled. Mere names would not do it, because anyone can, at any time, add the word "Count" to their names or remove it. Besides, the text of the article refers to his father as count. The chart, therefore, doesn't help solve the case. There must be more efficient ways to prove that his family wasn't noble - such as a simple sentence with a reference. The chart is utterly useless, as nobody would be interested in the name of his maternal grandfather's paternal grandmother. Wikipedia is not a directory of genealogical entries. Surtsicna (talk) 23:24, 19 June 2010 (UTC)
 * I don't agree. While it's true that anyone can vandalize anything in Wikipedia, the chart correctly shows that Henrik's ancestors aren't identified as counts, and it's up to Wikipedians to keep it accurate -- I'll help. No one's arguing that the family tree proves the Labordes were untitled, merely that it helps illustrate that fact. Precisely because other aspects of the article remain ambiguous (since Henrik used the title of comte with his name prior to marriage, Wiki rules don't permit us to retroactively deprive him of it merely because we now know the usage was both legally & socially unjustified), it's important to keep in information which adds context. Since the article acknowledges that the family nearly became noble, and that they repeatedly changed their surname to appear noble, I consider that the family tree helps illustrate that those efforts weren't altogether effective (of course, they were effective with respect to the Danish court since, as the article notes, Margrethe's cousin lost his succession rights for marrying a commoner after Margrethe married comte Henrik. All the more reason for this encyclopedia to shine light on the truth). As for excess genealogy, there's an argument that any at all is too much, so it's a judgment call. Some will, I think, be interested in seeing a few generations of the paternity of future King Frederik X, although that's not the primary reason for inclusion. FactStraight (talk) 01:41, 20 June 2010 (UTC)

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Lack of in-line citations
This needs to be rectified, possibly on the basis of the many obits published today.--Ipigott (talk) 09:52, 14 February 2018 (UTC)
 * One obituary is in the New York Times dated 14 February. EdJohnston (talk) 16:15, 15 February 2018 (UTC)

Succeeding consort
The navigational box at the end of the article with the headline Danish royalty shows vacant for Henrik's succeeding consort. Correct me if I am mistaken, but there is nothing vacant about the succession, or is this a matter of WP:CRYSTALBALL? At the moment, there is no successor, as in none, and perhaps some day there will be a successor, in case Denmark is not turned into a republic, the crown prince does not abdicate or other unforeseen events take place. Any comments? Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 00:31, 15 February 2018 (UTC)
 * "Vacant" does not mean that there will not be a successor. It means that the position is without an incumbent. Surtsicna (talk) 09:32, 15 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Well, yes, that is what the word vacant means. What I am trying to say is, that the position does not exist, so it can't be vacant. The navigational box tries to describe a situation that has not materialised in real life. If it is possible to verify that there will be a successor, then of course the position is vacant (as in "we are waiting for the successor, which we know will come"), but royal successors are not elected or hired, so we can't know for sure what the future brings. Any inputs? Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 11:29, 15 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Margrethe II has an heir apparent, Frederik. He has a wife, Mary. Mary is the likely successor. Surtsicna (talk) 11:32, 15 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Okay, if likely works, then fine with me. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 11:37, 15 February 2018 (UTC)
 * It could say None. There's no 100% certainty, that Henrik will be followed by his daughter-in-law as Danish consort. GoodDay (talk) 00:18, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * There's no 100% certainty that humans will exist in 2019. Surtsicna (talk) 07:39, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * You are not wrong, but your answer does not refute the argument given. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 10:17, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * There is no argument there. The succession box does not say that Henrik will be followed by Mary. It simply says that the position is now vacant. The position still exists, as the monarchy has not been abolished, but it is vacant. What are we even arguing here? (And for what it's worth, Mary's title basically means she is meant to fill that position one day.) Surtsicna (talk) 11:15, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * The position only exists when there is someone to occupy it. Some events has to occure before the person likely to occupy the position is going to occupy it. It is not possible, according to Wikipedia standards, to verify that there will be a person to actually occupy the position. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 14:10, 16 February 2018 (UTC)

Does the Danish Constitution mention a position of "consort"? If so, we would use 'Vacant'. Otherwise, we should use 'None' in the navbox's after space. GoodDay (talk) 11:18, 16 February 2018 (UTC)

 * Danish royalty ranks above the law. They can pretty much do what they want, but have to behave and keep on terms with the Danish people to avoid being abolished. It's a walk on the edge of a knife so to speak. There are fractions within the Danish parliament that wants to abolish the monarchy, but the royal family has been very popular for quite some time now. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 14:03, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * The Danish royalty are not above the law. Denmark's is a constitutional monarchy. GoodDay (talk) 14:57, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * The Danish Constitution, Chapter III, §13: "Kongen er ansvarsfri; hans person er fredhellig" - "The King is without liability; his person is sacrosanct". (fredhellig). It means the Danish king/queen (and their blood) can't be taken to court, hence the Danish king/queen is above the law. Danish constitutional monarchy means the king/queen does not have any political power. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 15:30, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * That sounds like the usual sovereign immunity given to heads of state. It doesn't mean his entire family can run around lawless. Celia Homeford (talk) 15:47, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * They can within the Kingdom of Denmark. Sovereign immunity is international law and given to heads of state when abroad. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 15:57, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Found an article on this: What if (Crown Prince) Frederik committed murder? (in Danish) (Google Translate). The king/queen judges and punishes the royal family for anything that otherwise could have ended up in court. Until now it has not been necessary. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 16:08, 16 February 2018 (UTC)

 * By that logic, we should not have the consort succession boxes at all. Surtsicna (talk) 11:29, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Why is that? None is an option according to the template syntax. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 14:03, 16 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Where do you get the idea that the succession box only makes sense when there are actual positions, as you define them? I have yet to find Wikipedia policies on this. Perhaps you can show me where to look? Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 11:54, 17 February 2018 (UTC)

Thank you, that was much better. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 15:11, 17 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Why does your post say 15:11, 17 February 2018 (UTC)? It's not even 15:00 hours UTC, yet. GoodDay (talk) 14:56, 17 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Oh, that is because I typed it in according to local time. There might be a template somewhere to fix a missing signature, but I have no clue where to look. You may fix it if you know how to. Cheers, Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 15:04, 17 February 2018 (UTC)

Prince Consort
Prince Consort in Denmark is a title given by the monarch to the spouse. Margrethe II of Denmark and Henrik were married 1967, Henrik was awarded the title Prince Consort (Prinsgemal) in 2005, a title Henrik did not use. The title was changed in 2016 to Prince. I am trying to find some reliable sources on this. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 13:05, 17 February 2018 (UTC)
 * In this article (first video) Henrik explains (in English) his frustrations concerning the missing "position" of a Prince Consort (or a King Consort as he calls it) . Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 13:23, 17 February 2018 (UTC)
 * As I understood it, Henrik wanted the title King-consort & sulked when he didn't get it. GoodDay (talk) 15:00, 17 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Exactly. I stroke through my initial text, since the video is from 2016, hence after he renounced the Prince Consort title. Henrik was increasingly frustrated about his title since 2002, when the Crown Prince was stand-in (in lack of a better word) for the queen when see was ill. It was then he began openly commenting on the unequality of his position and demanded a corresponding title. He was then awarded Prince Consort in 2005, which did not catch his fancy, and he never used the title. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 15:12, 17 February 2018 (UTC)

Requested move 17 February 2018

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: consensus not to move the article to the proposed title at this time, per the discussion below. Dekimasu よ! 07:02, 24 February 2018 (UTC)

Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark → Prince Henrik of Denmark (born 1934) – Official name/title when he died and in line with his grandson Prince Henrik of Denmark (born 2009) Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 17:55, 17 February 2018 (UTC)

 * Change request to "Prince Henrik of Denmark (born 1934)" per WP:NCPDAB. I'm neutral on this move so far, but you'd probably want to change your request to fit with Wikipedia's Manual of Style and guidelines for article titles. If differentiating by birth or death date, the preferred method of parenthetical disambiguation is "born XXXX" instead of "XXXX–YYYY", even if the person's dead. Paintspot Infez (talk) 00:27, 18 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Requested move changed to conform with Manuel of Style. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 10:57, 18 February 2018 (UTC)

 * Oppose, as he is the only Henrik who was prince consort of Denmark. GoodDay (talk) 00:30, 18 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Comment. I agree that Henrik was the only prince consort. Due to English grammar we end up with the royal title Prince Consort in the article's title, a title that was neither approved nor used by the prince himself. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 11:13, 18 February 2018 (UTC)
 * That's irrelevant. We know he wanted to be named King, but that never happened - and he did not have the power to make it happen.  He may not have liked the title Prince Consort, but that was the title bestowed on him.  --   Jack of Oz   [pleasantries]  19:04, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Or rather, Prince Consort was a title bestowed upon him from 2005 to 2016, then he retired with the title Prince of Denmark. His title was also Prince of Denmark from 1967 to 2005. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 19:19, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * His highest title was Prince consort, however. PS - Let's remember the main goal here, is to different this article's title from that of the topic's grandson's article title. GoodDay (talk) 23:35, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Agree on main goal. On Prince Consort, I can only refer to the reliable source I have added to the article. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 15:39, 20 February 2018 (UTC)

 * Oppose. It's correct that he renounced the title, but it is the one he held for decades and for which he is notable. In defiance of WP:OTHERCRAP, I remind you that we have an article named Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor even though that gentleman also abdicated a couple of years before his death. Favonian (talk) 19:57, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * You most probably mean decade (2005-2016). Agreed that Henrik was most notable for having the title Prince Consort, even though he would have been notable without it as well. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 20:17, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Quod scripsi, scripsi. According to the article, he became Prince Consort when Margrethe became Queen, January 1972. Favonian (talk) 20:24, 19 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Henrik was prince consort (lower case) from 1972–2018. Henrik had the royal title Prince Consort (upper case) from 2005–2016. I added a reliable source to the "Titles, styles and honours"-section. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 20:36, 19 February 2018 (UTC)

 * Oppose on the ground that the present title does not require an ugly parenthetical disambiguation. Henri de Laborde de Monpezat is also unambiguous. Surtsicna (talk) 00:00, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Comment. I think we should follow WP:CONSORTS here: "Deceased consorts are referred to by a name by which they are commonly known or (if recently deceased) are expected to become known. This can often differ from the name and title they held as consort or at death." The question off course is by which name he was commonly known for. "Prince Consort of Denmark" (the title and name he held for only 11 years) gives some 130,000 hits on Google and "Prince Henrik of Denmark" (the title and name he held for more than 40 years) gives 140,000 google hits, but I don´t know whether or not this a good search and parameter. The option "Henri de Laborde de Monpezat" I would not consider, since this qualifies not according WP:CONSORTS. Mr. D. E. Mophon (talk) 01:39, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Could you give us a link to those Google hits? I get 307.000 on the first page for "prince henrik of denmark" -wikipedia and only 39.900 for "henrik prince consort of denmark" -wikipedia. Surtsicna (talk) 08:21, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * |"Prince Consort of Denmark" gives "About 153.000 results" and |"Prince Henrik of Denmark" gives "About 332.000 results". –Pinnerup (talk) 13:25, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Those results include Wikipedia and Wikipedia mirrors. Mine do not. Surtsicna (talk) 14:47, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * I have just realized that my pointing out that the proposed title is a 10 times more common name does not really follow my "oppose" comment. Surtsicna (talk) 14:48, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * I will just chip in to remind everyone that there is another Prince Henrik of Denmark, which is both why the proposed title requires disambiguation, and why in my opinion the google search numbers are basically useless. Prince of Thieves (talk) 15:20, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose I think he was primarily known as a prince consort even if he had used that title only for a decade. There's no such rule that a person's final title has to be used as the main title of his/her article. A user mentioned Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor; another example would be Edward VIII. We know that he was the king for only 11 months and was known as the Duke of Windsor for the rest of his life, yet he is primarily remembered as a British king. Keivan.f  Talk 19:41, 20 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I would support 'Prince Henrik of Denmark' without a birthdate because disambiguating with a year is unnecessary when there are only two Prince Henriks and one of those is far more important than the other. Celia Homeford (talk) 12:24, 21 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Best argument yet, in my humble opinion. Is it possible at this point to change the request in that direction? It has been a long time since I requested a move, and I can understand that a lot of things have changed on Wikipedia in the meantime. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 12:42, 21 February 2018 (UTC)
 * I think you could shut this request down as withdrawn and start a new one. Celia Homeford (talk) 12:44, 21 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Perhaps someone else than I will support your argument and open a new request. I am not planning to do so. Talk/♥фĩłдωəß♥\Work 13:21, 21 February 2018 (UTC)

 * Support. As he rejected himself to be called prince consort.Yger (talk) 20:22, 22 February 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose – he was the prince consort as husband to a regnant Queen. The current title is accurate.  CookieMonster755 ✉  22:16, 23 February 2018 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Requested move 24 January 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: not moved (non-admin closure)   ❯❯❯  Raydann  (Talk)   14:16, 1 February 2023 (UTC)

Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark → Prince Henrik of Denmark – A lot of the opposition from the previous RM seemed to stem from his grandson being a Prince by the same name. Now that The Queen has stripped the Princely titles from Joachim's children, I do not see why it shouldn't be moved.

I also could understand an argument for a move elsewhere, most likely to "Henrik de Laborde de Monpezat" or some other form of his birth name, as most former consorts are known as under WP:CONSORTS. Estar8806 (talk) 23:32, 24 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose - Even with the grandson losing his title, the fact remains we've had two people who were called Prince Henrik of Denmark at one point. Also, Prince Consort is the highest title he ever had and gives more context in the article name. Unnecessary proposal. --Killuminator (talk) 09:49, 26 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose - Prince consort is a useful disambiguation, and highest title he held. -Shivertimbers433 (talk) 21:30, 27 January 2023 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Requested move 26 August 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved to Prince Henrik of Denmark. (closed by non-admin page mover) – Material  Works  19:16, 2 September 2023 (UTC)

Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark → Henri de Laborde de Monpezat – Per WP:COMMONNAME, a successful requested move (RM) on Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, WP:CONSORTS, previous move discussions for Henri(k)’s article, and WP:CONSISTENT, I request that the article title for the late husband of Denmark’s beloved Queen Margrethe II be changed. (Coincidentally, Margrethe II is Albert’s great-great granddaughter!) A detailed explanation follows.

1. WP:COMMONNAME - When comparing Google search results, “Henri de Laborde de Monpezat” appears to be the most popular way to refer to the individual in question:

 * 1: “Henri de Laborde de Monpezat” yields approximately 24,000 hits,
 * 2: “Henrik Prince Consort of Denmark” yields approximately 13,700 hits (i.e. 43 percent fewer than “Henri de Laborde de Monpezat”), and
 * 3: “Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark” yields approximately 13,600 hits (i.e. 43 percent fewer than “Henri de Laborde de Monpezat”)

Additionally, when using Google Ngram to gauge popularity of terms pre-2020, it should be noted that while “Henri de Laborde de Monpezat” does generate some results, there are no results whatsoever to be found for “Henrik Prince Consort of Denmark”, even disregarding case sensitivity.

2. Page move for Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha - I will concede that “Henrik Prince Consort” better aligns with WP:CONCISE and is a more popular term according to Google search results, as approximately 28,000 hits are yielded. However, this alternative title simultaneously fails WP:PRECISION. Namely, who was Henri(k) a prince consort to? Also, where was Henri(k) a prince consort of?

More pertinently to this bullet point, the cited RM illustrates that the Wikipedia community is willing to reject the format (name), Prince Consort for an article title if sufficient evidence is shown that an alternative title is more commonly used. And the accepted new title for Albert was in the spirit of...

3. WP:CONSORTS - When it comes to deceased spouses of monarchs, Wikipedia articles tend to follow this naming guidance from WP:NCROY:. In Henri(k)’s case, he was a member of the House of (Laborde de) Monpezat, a French noble family, by birth. Consequently, Henri de Laborde de Monpezat (de instead of of is used because the French preposition is almost always utilized to describe Henri(k)’s birth name) is more consistent with the general naming guidance for a person like him. And finally,...

4. Previous move discussions for Henri(k)’s article and WP:CONSISTENT - On not one, but two occasions, unsuccessful attempts for this article title be renamed to a variant of Prince Henrik of Denmark happened. In both discussions, commenters noted that because one of Henri(k) and Margrethe’s grandsons was known as Prince Henrik of Denmark for most of his life, this proposed alternative was an insufficient disambiguator for the consort (and a failure to adhere to WP:PRECISION).

Furthermore, while a title like Prince Henrik of Denmark may seem superficially consistent with other English Wikipedia article titles, this is actually not the case. This becomes even more apparent when analyzing the titles of three male consorts in modern European history:

 * Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (consort of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, as already alluded to)
 * Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld (consort of Juliana of the Netherlands)
 * Prince Felix of Bourbon-Parma (consort of Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg)

In all three cases, while the structure Prince (name) of (house) is present, all three of these men were princes by birth (albeit not of the realm their spouses reigned over). In contrast, not only was Henri(k) not Danish by birth, but he is not even a prince by blood. By moving this article to Prince Henrik of Denmark, readers, especially those who seek consistency, may consequently be misled into believing that Margrethe II’s husband was a royal for his entire life, which is not what Wikipedia should be striving to do in general.

Therefore, a move to Henri de Laborde de Monpezat should swiftly occur in the coming days. However, as always, the consensus that emerges from such a discussion will eventually win. Hurricane Andrew (444) 18:43, 26 August 2023 (UTC)

 * Oppose. The most common name he is referred to is "Prince Henrik of Denmark". That should probably be the article title, but it has been rejected in the past. And by the nom's own numbers, “Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark” and “Henrik Prince Consort of Denmark” when viewed together are more common than the proposed title. And I don't think the presence or absence of a single comma should differentiate enough to not view them as the same title. Rreagan007 (talk) 19:16, 26 August 2023 (UTC)

 * Strong Support per nom, the policies cited by nom and my comments in the last RM. I strongly prefer the proposed title. The proposed title is more common as demonstrated by the nominator (yes, put together the two results inlcuding "Prince Consort" are more common than his birth name, but there's almost certainly overlap between the two"). Even if the article is not moved to the proposed title, it should almost certainly be moved to Prince Henrik of Denmark, as that was his title for far longer than "Prince Consort". The arguments for his birth name are far stronger than those for the latter, and as nom pointed out "Prince Henrik of Denmark" could be construed to imply he was a Danish prince from birth. Of course that title was rejected in January (in an RM I proposed, for full disclosure) estar8806 (talk) ★ 20:26, 26 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose - in the english language, he's best known as Henrik. GoodDay (talk) 22:34, 26 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Comment NCROY lists him as an example for keeping the current name.  Sometimes a person may remain best known by the title they held as consort, as in Henrik, Prince Consort of Denmark . I'd also like to note that unlike the three male consorts you listed as examples, Henrik wasn't born into royalty so he's more comparable to Prince Claus of the Netherlands rather than Prince Bernhard. Enough time has passed since his death for a common name to form but I'd like @Surtsicna input on this one. Also, I can't help but notice that male consorts usually keep the prestigious princely prefix in the titles while it's left out for women. Killuminator (talk) 23:16, 26 August 2023 (UTC)
 * That explicit mention was only established after the move of Albert, Prince Consort (see this ). estar8806 (talk) ★ 22:46, 30 August 2023 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Oppose. I would also support Prince Henrik of Denmark, but his common name is definitely Henrik rather than Henri. -- Necrothesp (talk) 13:08, 29 August 2023 (UTC)
 * Move to Prince Henrik of Denmark. He was the husband of the Queen of Denmark for 46 years and he held the title of "Prince Consort" for only 11 years, and not even at the time of his death. That being said, his common name in English is Henrik and he is frequently referred to as Prince Henrik. In such cases we should go with the common name not the birth name (see Prince Claus of the Netherlands). Keivan.f  Talk 13:42, 31 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Prince Henrik of Denmark


text:
Category:Imperial College London

__NOGALLERY__

title: Category:Imperial College London


text:
Talk:Queen Paola of Belgium

Untitled
Have moved this page to new title, per Wiki stylebook re article names for royal consorts, male or female.

surname
I should have guessed that that Emsworth was the one to add a surname to the queen. How many times should it be stressed that conventionally, royals do not have surnames. Particularly the Saxony family does not hold Wettin as their surname. 217.140.193.123 19:39, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Lombarda
"6th Duke of Guardia Lombarda" Now Guardia Lombarda pipes to Lombardia. Is this correct? For example, Guardia Piemontese is definitely not Piemont. There exists Guardia dei Lombardi/ Giardia Lombardi in Campania, Avellino Province. mikka (t) 19:33, 9 November 2005 (UTC)

Aslo there is Guardia Lombarda, "piccolissimo centro agricolo (m428 m s/m ab. 5752) situato nella provincia di Benevento, sui Monti del Matese. Produttore di ottimi vini e olii."

BTW, what does "Guardia" mean in this context? The word literally means "guard". Does "guardia" deserve an article (besides Guardia (family))? Other places: Guardia Costiera, Guardia Sanframondi, Guardia Perticara. mikka (t) 19:45, 9 November 2005 (UTC)

The title of this article is wrong. Paola is not Queen of Belgium, but Queen of the Belgians. "Paola, Queen of the Belgians" or "Queen Paola of the Belgians" would be more correct titles. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.97.17.103 (talk) 22:40, 30 January 2011 (UTC)

her majesty or Queen Paola
I have edited "contemporary art" section, because everywhere in the article she is referred to as Queen Paola; Her majesty is not her name; also, mentioning that at one occasion she was accompanied by Jan Hoet I deleted as irrelevant.

Move discussion in progress
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External links modified
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New Photo
The Photo of Queen Paola in the Info Box is severely outdated, it looks like she is in her 20s or 30s there. And also incorrectly labeled 2006. I have removed the incorrect Label. Can someone update the photo of Queen Paola to something more current? I don't know how. Arg Matey (talk) 00:54, 10 December 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Queen Paola of Belgium


text:
Hoover Metropolitan Stadium

Hoover Metropolitan Stadium, also known as The Hoover Met, is a baseball stadium located in Hoover, Alabama, United States, a suburb of Birmingham. It was home of the Birmingham Barons of the Southern League from 1988 to 2012, replacing historic Rickwood Field in Birmingham. The stadium also serves as the home for the SEC baseball tournament, as well as the primary home for Hoover High School football. It is located in the Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Area near Interstate 459 at Exit 10 just off Alabama State Route 150. The stadium is located three miles from the Riverchase Galleria, one of the south's largest shopping centers.

Its seating capacity is 10,800 for baseball and can accommodate up to 16,000 when the patio, banquet, and grassy side areas are used. The stadium also houses 12 suites and state-of-the-art dressing and training rooms. The stadium also features a meeting/banquet room named for Michael Jordan, who played for the Barons during his brief foray into professional baseball, during which time the stadium experienced its largest crowds for professional baseball.

The opening daytime baseball game scene from Space Jam was filmed at this stadium. Its nighttime scene featuring the spaceship was filmed at Blair Field in Long Beach, California. The City of Hoover operates the stadium as part of the Hoover Met Complex, which includes the Finley Center indoor multi-sport facility, an outdoor complex of multi-sport and baseball/softball fields, a tennis complex with 16 hard courts, and an adjacent recreational vehicle (RV) park.

The Hoover Met hosted the AVP Birmingham Open on July 13–16, 2006, the first beach volleyball tournament to ever be played in Alabama. The feature court was above the baseball diamond as well as eight other courts on the field, made of 222 tons of sand per court.

The stadium also played host to the 2011 and 2012 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship.

Along with Birmingham city officials, the Barons announced plans in November 2010 to return to Birmingham with a new field to be constructed downtown, near the University of Alabama at Birmingham campus. Pending contract negotiations and construction, play at the new field was originally expected to begin with the 2012 season. Due to site selection, financing issues, and problems obtaining all of the land sought by the developers, the move was delayed until the 2013 season.

Naming rights to The Met were purchased through the Barons by Regions Financial Corporation in 2007, resulting in the stadium being renamed Regions Park. On December 20, 2012 – following the Barons' exit – the City of Hoover announced it was changing the name of the ballpark back to its original name, Hoover Metropolitan Stadium, effective January 1, 2013. Regions continued its sponsorship of the Barons, and the team's new stadium in Birmingham became known as Regions Field.

The Hoover Met hosted the Alabama Crimson Tide during the 2015 season while its on-campus stadium in Tuscaloosa, Sewell–Thomas Stadium, underwent major renovations. As part of the agreement, outfield fences were moved in to more closely match the dimensions of TD Ameritrade Park Omaha, home of the College World Series. The new configuration remained in place for the 2015 Southeastern Conference baseball tournament.

The Hoover Met also hosted Softball at the 2022 World Games.

title: Hoover Metropolitan Stadium


text:
Talk:Scott Jennings (game designer)

Good Authority
I have it on good authority that Lum is actually a gay midget rodeo clown. This article is tagged as disputed until such sources can confirm or deny this.

I am a source and I deny this. Also, there are pictures of Lum which clearly show he is a grumpy old man who left his care for the world long ago. If I can get over my high-horse on wikipedia's policy on needing to register to put in pictures, there is a particularly nice picture of him sitting on a throne at some convention or another I would upload. 71.113.30.183 14:45, 30 July 2006 (UTC)

VfD
On April 9, this article was nominated for deletion. The discussion can be found at Votes for deletion/Lum the Mad. The result was keep. — Xezbeth 13:22, Apr 24, 2005 (UTC)

Cleanup
As an article referencing an individual for having a specific point of view, it is telling that there is no attempt to describe that point of view, merely biographical information (presented in a congratulatory style that may be responsible for the initial VfD).

The article needs a substantive rewrite to remedy this. At the same time, it could also benefit from removal of what I can only assume are in-jokes (and "famous words" that actually aren't). These are probably what (rightly) initiated the vanity complaint. — B Dobilina  Feb 20, 2006
 * Agreed. --Elonka 05:21, 21 February 2006 (UTC)
 * The full body of the article was written well after the vote to keep. I do agree that it could use a re-write, if only to make it look more appealing and to eliminate some of the "in-jokes" (some are well known among MMORPG enthusiasts, who number a few million thanks to World of Warcraft). As for the lack of describing his point of view, that would take quite a while to write up, because a lot of his ranting was about issues which only existed on a per-game basis. In my opinion, you have jumped on a non-issue a little too eager and grandiose. 71.113.18.51 22:31, 27 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Agreed. Really, it's one thing to have NPOV bitchwars over Hitler or Bush II or Microsoft, but a guy who wrote mostly gaming satire? At moments like these, I think it's telling that Wikipedia, a supposed repository of human knowledge, has no entry for Sense of Humor. --70.108.77.205 15:14, 14 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Err, doesn't this seem like a lot of effort for what's basically a vanity article? Still, one of the more entertaining talk pages.  Agreed that there should be a decision about the cleanup tag. 205.206.94.135 09:18, 27 September 2006 (UTC)

 * If contributors can take the time to tackle a dense subject like Roland Barthes (for example) so succinctly, is it really so much to ask for a paragraph or two on Lum in reference to view point or MMOG design philosophy? It does seem to be the significant reason to include the article over the myriad of other ranters/bloggers out there, and without it the article is basically a timeline & recent employment history without much context.  — B Dobilina   Mar 9, 2006
 * Roland Barthes has been an entry on wikipedia for three and a half years. Lum The Mad has only been on for a year and a half, of which most of the article you see now was done last June. Maybe your point would have meaning if this article has been around three or more years without that kind of detail, but if Mr. Barthes didn't need a NPOV warning a year and a half after creation, neither does Lum. You have mistaken the lack of detail for the simple fledging of an article mid-construct. 71.113.18.51 12:47, 23 March 2006 (UTC)
 * I believe I have added enough "context" to unbunch dobilina's panties, but I am reluctant to omit some of the famous phrases. The taxi one I still occasionally see on some MMO boards today, and that other one about the bagel I think is important to emphasize the attitude going on at that time. Can we remove the cleanup sign now? 71.113.30.183 14:41, 30 July 2006 (UTC)

Update
A few days ago, Lum announced that he left Mythic Entertainment. Somebody should update the biography. --Furism 13:48, 21 February 2006 (UTC)
 * It was immediately. See the opening and closing paragraphs. RasputinAXP   c  [[Image:Gadsden_flag.svg|25px]] 14:26, 21 February 2006 (UTC)

Clearly a vanity article. The facts are actually half truths.

Major changes
I have re-written the article to try to make it more encyclopaedic. It was probably more colourful and fun to read before than it is now. However it was not written in a style suitable for an encyclopaedia. I have also tried to remove the more blatant POV statements. Other than that, I have tried to keep information in the article rather than removing it. However I think there are still major problems with this article. There are no citations at all. I am a MMORPG player and used to read Lum's site regularly, and I'm pretty sure nothing in the article is wrong. However, that's clearly not good enough for Wikipedia. I don't know if any of the editors who originally inserted the material can provide citations. Also, I'm not certain Lum's opinions of old video games are particularly notable. A couple of specific points - I have removed information about DM Darwin. He is an identifiable real person - I don't know his real name, but there will be people who know who he is. Allegations about him shouldn't be in there without cast-iron verification. Also, I have changed most references to Lum (or Scott) to Jennings. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Hobson (talk • contribs) 23:30, 17 April 2007 (UTC).

I have also removed two links, which were in the main text of the article. One didn't lead directly to relevant content - the other led to a story about a named individual who was entrusted with some money and raises questions about where the money is. Hobson 00:05, 18 April 2007 (UTC)

Full disclosure
This article is a mess. I am going to work on cleaning it up. However, in the interest of full disclosure, I am hereby declaring that I am heavily involved in the online game industry, so there is a potential of conflict of interest. I have met the subject of this article at conferences, and I have occasionally read his website, though I do not recall if I have ever participated at his website.

If anyone feels that any of my edits are out of line, please feel free to bring it up here at talk, or to change my edits directly. I have no intention of engaging in any edit wars here, I am just trying to clean up an article that badly needs it. --Elonka 17:45, 5 January 2008 (UTC)
 * Overhaul completed. Here's what it looked like before I started: and here's what it looks like now: It could still use a few more citations (I've marked places accordingly), but I think that overall it is much improved at this point.  As I've mentioned above, I encourage review of all my changes. --Elonka 19:22, 5 January 2008 (UTC)

This article tainted by Lum's brown nosers (Hobson et al)
They fervently monitor it like Scientologists for anything negative, and quickly remove anything even remotely accurate to appease their Master. I can only assume Lum pats them on their heads and gives them a cookie.

I've added accurate information with sources--such as Lum taking down Slownewsday.net. This is cited on Brokentoys.org in Lum's own words. It is also saved on numerous locations on the web. Also added the documented rash of bannings of anyone who criticized Lum's new company or Dark Age of Camelot. Not trying to slam Lum, just tryng to keep the article grounded in reality. I'm afraid lum can't walk on water and his piss doesn't taste like wine--despite the gallons of it his followers love to drink. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Froglok (talk • contribs) 09:56, 8 June 2009 (UTC)
 * Please try to be civil, and assume good faith. As I pointed out in my recent edit summary, a self-published Geocities site is not a credible cource by Wikipedia's standards. Even if a source is found, the article needs to be written in an encyclopaedic manner. Your edits read like a personal attack. Hobson (talk) 11:24, 9 June 2009 (UTC)

Update please.
I've never contributed to wiki before, and don't really want to mess with learning all the guidelines right now. I just wanted to point out that a quick glance at Scott Jennings' facebook page shows he currently works at Portalarium, which is the company making Shroud of the Avatar.

https://www.facebook.com/sjennings https://www.portalarium.com/

I imagine a more credible source might need to be found, but just thought you people might be interested in the news update - especially since Shroud is pretty much the spiritual successor to UO.

Klaste (talk) 18:52, 20 September 2013 (UTC)

Taxi to Victory
I can't speak to it becoming a favorite saying of his fans, but it was certainly a favorite saying of several of us, the devs, at WWII Online, in part because of how some of the other devs on the team hated it so much (in particular, the dev responsible for the mind-bending decision that firing a weapon should require you to press ctrl, shift, x to draw your weapon, raise it, aim it and finally fire the shot). You can see me mention it on my blog, c.f. http://kfsone.wordpress.com/2009/09/01/someones-been-busy/#more-2276 and assorted other occasions.

title: Talk:Scott Jennings (game designer)


text:
Wikipedia:Translations of Lithuanian administrative divisions

This is for Wikipedia policy, because it seems names are frequently mistranslated. This is how Lithuanian administrative division names of various times should be translated. In some places the suggested translation is followed by "?", in those places you could suggest yourself another translation if you disagree with offered one, as I am not sure myself. Do that at talk page:

 * Apskritis, apskritys - district
 * Apygarda, apygardos - left untranslated (though in some cases probably might be translated county)?
 * Diecezija, diecezijos - diocese, dioceses
 * Grafystė, grafystės - county, counties
 * Gubernija, gubernijos - gubernya, gubernyas
 * Kolonija, kolonijos - colony, colonies
 * Komuna, komunos - commune, communes
 * Kraštas, kraštai - left untranslated?
 * Kunigaikštystė, kunigaikštystės - duchy, duchies
 * Miesto savivaldybė, miesto savivaldybės - city municipality, city municipalities
 * Pavietas, pavietai - powiat, powiats
 * Provincija, provincijos - province, provinces
 * Rajonas, rajonai - district, districts
 * Rajono savivaldybė, rajono savivaldybės - district municipality, district municipalities
 * Rajoninio pavaldumo miestas, rajoninio pavaldumo miestai - Districtally Administered City/ies?
 * Regionas, regionai - region, regions
 * Respublikinio pavaldumo miestas, respublikinio pavaldumo miestai - Republican Administered City/ies?
 * Savivaldybė, savivaldybės - municipality, municipalities
 * Seniūnija, seniūnijos - eldership, elderships
 * Srities pavaldumo miestas\miestai - Sritis Administered City/ies?
 * Sritis, sritys - left untranslated
 * Teritorija, teritorijos - territory, territories
 * Vaivadija, vaivadijos - voivodship, voivodships
 * Valsčius, valsčiai - left untranslated?
 * Valstija, valstijos - state, states
 * Vasalas, vasalai - fief, fiefs
 * Žemė, žemės - land, lands


text:
Conspiracy 58

Conspiracy 58 (Konspiration 58 or KSP58) is a Swedish mockumentary from 2002, produced by Sveriges Television, the Swedish public broadcaster. The film examines the fictional KSP58 movement, that claims that the 1958 FIFA World Cup in Sweden did not really take place, but was faked and exists only as forged television and radio coverage in a conspiracy between American and Swedish television, the CIA and FIFA as part of the Cold War. In the film, it is said that Sweden did not have the economic or technical resources to actually host such a large event. In the plot, the American motive for doing this was to test the effectiveness of televised propaganda. When the film originally aired, the audience was not told in advance that it was a mockumentary, giving the impression that Conspiracy 58 was a regular documentary film.

Plot
A large amount of "evidence" is presented. For example, there is analysis of television recordings of the matches, where houses can be seen in the background that never actually stood there. The film also analyzes how the shadows of the players in the field were falling, and were angled in a way that is not possible in Sweden given the position of the sun at the time. The Chairman of KSP58, Bror Jacques de Wærn, who was employed by the Swedish National Agency for more than twenty years, states that he has looked for evidence that the tournament really took place, but didn't find anything. At the end of the film it is revealed to be a mockumentary by the credits which state "dokumentär fiktion" meaning "Fiction Documentary".

The aim of the film, according to the director Johan Löfstedt, was to illustrate how historical revisionism (in particular Holocaust denial) works and to highlight the importance of source criticism when getting information from, for example, the media.

The majority of the characters in the film are real celebrities who were playing themselves.

title: Conspiracy 58


text:
Ralph Harris

Ralph Harris may refer to:
 * Ralph Harris, Baron Harris of High Cross (1924–2006), British economist
 * Ralph Harris (comedian), American comedian, actor, and writer
 * Ralph C. Harris, architect
 * Ralph Harris (journalist), former Reuters White House correspondent

title: Ralph Harris


text:
Fromage

Fromage is an annual Canadian one-hour special produced by the MuchMusic cable channel. Fromage paid "tribute" to music videos considered the worst or cheesiest of the year by MuchMusic staff.

History
The special was created in 1988 by songwriter (and MuchMusic VJ) Christopher Ward. Christopher hosted the show for the first several years, playing the part of a French stereotype called Charles De Camembert. Later Natalie Richard joined as co-host.

From 1997, the program was hosted by MuchMusic's acerbic puppet VJ Ed the Sock, created and voiced by Steven Joel Kerzner. The show traditionally aired during the Christmas season as a part of special annual programming dubbed the "Holiday Wrap", and features a countdown of the worst music videos of the year, with humorously cynical (and sometimes profane) commentary from Ed along the way. Only selected videos are shown in their entirety. The specials are often taped in places such as cheese factories and restaurants to play on the name "Fromage". "Fromage" is French for "cheese".

The format has changed from year to year; in 1999, rather than looking back at the previous year's videos, the special focused on the worst videos of the 20th century. From then to 2003, the awards were given according to categories nominated in, then counted down from least to most votes. 2001 was the last year the show was seen on MuchMusic USA, after that network decided to end simulcasting MuchMusic and eventually become fuse.

In 2004, the format was changed to a top 40 cheesiest video countdown, where any video can be nominated. This has caused videos to be voted that Ed has not agreed with. These are usually due to the videos being intentionally cheesy, whereas Fromage is supposed to deal with videos that are not aware of their own cheesiness. Such videos included:
 * The Darkness—"I Believe in a Thing Called Love" (2004)
 * Franz Ferdinand—"Do You Want To" (2005)
 * Crazy Frog—"Axel F" (2005)

In December 2006, it was announced that no Fromage special would air on MuchMusic, but a 30-minute special entitled "Ultra Fromage 2006" would air exclusively on Citytv. In order to differentiate itself from the previous Fromage specials, it covered aspects of show business and pop culture, with a short segment on the cheesiest music videos at the end of the program. Ed the Sock maintained hosting duties and was joined by Liana K, his co-host on the Citytv show, Ed & Red's Night Party. This was the last Fromage as Ed's relationship with Citytv ended when new owners re-branded the channel, but the Ultra-Fromage style was a template for what would become I Hate Hollywood on CHCH TV.

In 2008, the MuchMusic program Video on Trial, itself a show that critiques music videos with a rotating panel of comedians, presented the "Best of the Worst 2008" special in December 2008, counting down the worst 20 music videos of the year in a format similar to that of Fromage 2004 and 2005. It was followed up with editions in each subsequent year.

The show was revived after an eight-year hiatus with "Fromage 2013" (albeit with a shorter run-time similar to "Ultra Fromage 2006"), which is featured on the XSNetwork's channel on YouTube. It was once again hosted by Ed the Sock and counted down the nine cheesiest videos of the year, as chosen by Ed personally (as opposed to being chosen by viewers in previous years). It was originally intended to be a one-hour special, like previous Fromage specials, but production was cut due to a power outage caused by the Toronto Ice Storm in late December 2013.

Fromage number ones

 * 1993: "Rock 'Em Sock 'Em Techno" by BKS featuring Don Cherry
 * 1994: "Cotton Eye Joe" by Rednex
 * 1997: "Electric Barbarella" by Duran Duran
 * 1998: "Do for Love" by Tupac Shakur
 * 1999: "Just the Way I Planned It" by Philip Michael Thomas (voted cheesiest video of 20th century)
 * 2000: "The Hampsterdance Song" credited to "Hampton the Hampster"
 * 2001: "Not Too Young, Not Too Old" by Aaron Carter
 * 2002: "Papa Don't Preach" by Kelly Osbourne
 * 2003: "Me Against the Music" by Britney Spears featuring Madonna
 * 2004: "My Prerogative" by Britney Spears
 * 2005: "Do Somethin'" by Britney Spears
 * 2006: "Lose Control" by Kevin Federline
 * 2013: "Bound 2" by Kanye West

title: Fromage


text:
North Elmham

North Elmham is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It covers an area of 7.41 sqmi and is located about 5 mi north of East Dereham, on the west bank of the River Wensum. Including Gateley, the civil parish had a population of 1,428 in 624 households at the 2001 census; this increased slightly to 1,433 at the 2011 census.

North Elmham was the site of a pre-Norman cathedral, seat of the Bishop of Elmham until 1075. For the purposes of local government, it lies within the Elmham and Mattishall division of Norfolk County Council and the Upper Wensum ward of Breckland District Council. The village is located along the B1145, a route which runs between King's Lynn and Mundesley.

History
The name North Elmham comes from the Old English, meaning "village where elms grow" and is first mentioned in 1035. Only ruins now survive of a Norman chapel which is now looked after by English Heritage. The chapel is on the site of an earlier Anglo Saxon timber cathedral which housed the episcopal throne of the bishops of Elmham from around 672 until the episcopal see was moved to Thetford in 1071. A mid 9th-century copper-alloy hanging censer was discovered at North Elmham in 1786. The earthworks and ruins at North Elmham stewarded by English Heritage are thought to be the remains of Bishop Herbert de Losinga's late 11th-century episcopal church and the late 14th-century double-moated castle built on this by Henry le Despenser, Bishop of Norwich. Henry came from a powerful family who had strong links with the House of Plantagenet and the notorious 'favourites' of King Edward II.

To the south lies Spong Hill, the home of an Anglo-Saxon cemetery, excavated in the late twentieth century, by Dr Catherine Hills.

To the north of the village was the Norfolk County School which, on closing in the 1890s, was taken over for the Watts Naval School; the fine buildings have now been demolished. This was the birthplace of the actor John Mills.

County School railway station served the school and today is preserved by the Mid-Norfolk Railway as a small visitor centre. North Elmham railway station once served the village on the line from Wymondham to Fakenham East. The building still exists but is now a residential home, although the railway line remains and is under restoration to use. A section of the line, between North Elmham and County School station, includes a permissive footpath.

North Elmham Mill, known locally as Grint Mill, had two breastshot waterwheels until the early 20th century when they were replaced by two turbines. By the 1970s the milling machinery was driven by mains electricity while the turbines were used to drive a sack hoist and two mixing machines. The mill continued to produce animal feed into the late 20th century.

Notable residents

 * John Mills, actor, was born in the village.

title: North Elmham


text:
HMS Guerrière

Two ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Guerriere, French for "warrior".

 * The first HMS Guerriere was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line, originally the French ship Peuple Souverain, captured on 2 July 1798 at the Battle of the Nile. She was used as a sheer hulk from 1800 and broken up in 1810.
 * The second HMS Guerriere (1806) was a 38-gun fifth-rate frigate, originally French, captured in 1806 by HMS Blanche off the Faroe Islands. In the War of 1812 she was captured by the American frigate USS Constitution after a battle on 19 August 1812 and burned.

title: HMS Guerrière