text:
Talk:Pika

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Classification
Prolagus represents its own family Prolagidae (MSW 3rd ed.). There are probably a few more Ochotona species, but I don't go in further detail now. Just have a look in my lists. Ucucha See Mammal Taxonomy 16:10, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Rock rabbit, and Rabbit vs. Hyrax
In some areas and in some languages, there's a big confusion between Rabbits and Hyraxes, with their name mistakenly being used interchangably. Wikipedia falls into this confusion as well: rock rabbit currently redirects to Pika, which explains that "rock rabbit" and "coney" are alternative names for this animal. But, Cape Hyrax also says that "rock rabbit" is also a name for that animal, and "coney" actually refers to it, not to rabbits. I'm not sure what should be done about this mess, but perhaps a good start will be to make at least rock rabbit a disambiguation page pointing to both? And while we're at it, the disambiguation page Coney doesn't point to either Pika or Cape Hyrax, but rather to Rabbit - and that article does not even mention the word Coney in it.... Nyh 07:02, 10 November 2005 (UTC)

I don't know about Hyraxes, but I did some research earlier this evening, and it sounds like the Degu may be closely related to the pika. DNA test suggest that both belong to the order of Lagomorph, along with rabbits. -M.Neko

 * "Coney" is a common name of the European Rabbit. I have heard that the first use of the name for hyraxes was in the King James Bible (for lack of a better word, I imagine). It is also applied to pikas. Using the common name of a familiar animal for unfamiliar ones of somewhat similar appearance is frequent; another that comes to mind is "ringtail cat" for the procyonid Bassariscus.

 * As far as Degus being lagomorphs, their anatomy clearly places them with the other caviomorph rodents, and is very different from that of lagomorphs, so that if there is a relationship, it is between all caviomorphs (including guinea pigs, chinchillas, and capybaras) and all lagomorphs, and the DNA evidence doesn't support that. DNA evidence cannot be evaluated out-of-context, and mistakes can be made. Even the Wikipedia article Octodontidae says that "...this has not been supported by further analyses."

 * I made Rock rabbit a disambiguation page, and added hyrax to the Coney disambiguation page.--Curtis Clark 15:41, 23 July 2006 (UTC)

Degus are not lagomorphs! And pikas aren't rabbits, but they're lagomorphs. From what I know, pikas are also known as conies. Dora Nichov 06:43, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

18-01-11 Hi. I have deleted the sentence "Pikas are also called rock rabbits or conys", because of a mistake within it. The terms "rock rabbits" and "conys" are attributed to no other then the Hyrax. As you can see in the link here - http://digitalgallery.nypl.org/nypldigital/dgkeysearchdetail.cfm?trg=1&strucID=719584&imageID=822193#_seemore (from the Mid-Manhattan Picture Collection / Animals C)- the "rock rabbit" is the Hyrax, or the Hyrax habessinicus, to be more specific. Written on border is the term "Cony", also referring to the animal in the Drawing. I also want to suggest that one of wikipedia editors will use this information and picture to widen the Hyrax and Cony pages accordingly.

- yours truly. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.114.5.10 (talk) 15:35, 18 January 2011 (UTC)

 * One example of a hyrax labeled "cony" doesn't prove that pikas aren't also called conies. See also my comment at Talk:Coney. The Oxford and Webster dictionaries both list either pika, or more particularly the American pika, as an alternate meaning for cony/coney, so it would take a very good source to refute that and show that the term "coney" has never commonly been used for pikas.
 * OED specifically mentions that L. princeps, the North American species, is "locally known as" coney, so I would suspect that calling pikas "coneys" is an exclusively US-English usage.
 * By the way, the real meaning of cony is "rabbit" (from Latin cuniculus meaning rabbit), so it's application to both pikas and hyraces is somewhat of a misnomer.
 * Pelagic (talk) 10:46, 3 January 2015 (UTC)

Pronunciation
Everyone I know in the US pronounces it "paikǝ" (if I have my IPA right).--Curtis Clark 15:42, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

Yeah, like pie-ka. Dora Nichov 06:43, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

Pikachu
Looks like this is where they got the idea for a pikachu.

 * That's just what I was thinking--Hibernian 23:57, 20 July 2006 (UTC)
 * That's just what I was thinking as well. I'm trying very hard not to vandalize this page and change the picture to Pikachu (don't worry, I'm not going to, but it's tempting). --bī-RŌ 01:20, 8 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Pikachu isn't a pika. - UtherSRG (talk) 10:58, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

He's a "mouse" type. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 69.156.123.94 (talk • contribs).

But bear in mind that the Japanese use the term mouse (nezumi.. literally "rat") to refer to thigns as wide ranging as ermines & marmosets. Apart from the ears & tail a Pikachu is a dead ringer for a Pika. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Winterdenni (talk • contribs)

 * Apart from the ears and tail, many mammals look like pikas.--Curtis Clark 05:02, 18 November 2006 (UTC)

I disagree too. Pikas look nothing like Pikachu. Come on, pikas have round ears and a fat body, also no tail either. Not to mention they can't thundershock other people... *winks* Dora Nichov 06:45, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

Yeah... Hamsters look a lot like pikas too. Dora Nichov 13:38, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Besides, Pikachu's name comes from the Japanese words pika pika meaning "to flash" (like electricity), and chū, the word used for a rodent's squeak. - Saturn  Yoshi  THE VOICES 16:41, 23 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I think that the creators of Pikachu planned for it to fit both flash and this animal. The original Pikachu artwork is far too similar to this particular animal for it to be a coincidence. The original Pikachu was even more similar than the current one. --  T H  L CCD 01:17, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

 * From personal observation, Japanese puns usually have many layers. It wouldn't surprise me that the creators used both interpreations to make the choice for this name--ZayZayEM 05:45, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

Maybe I'll believe you if you have a picture of it... Dora Nichov 09:01, 4 December 2006 (UTC)

All the other Pokemon do not actually look -exactly- like the creatures the represent, and the Japanese do not only use their own language to form words. Characters are often modified to fit the artist's interpritation of the idea. It's far to similar to a Pika to say its anything else. Where is "mouse" in japanese in his name? Hares and rabbits don't exactly squeek, but they are larger, as is Pikachu, and last I check Pikachu actually says his name. imongi 19:48, January 22, 2007

A pika is neither hare nor rabbit. They're just from the same order. Dora Nichov 08:04, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes they are from the same order. Lagomorpha includes two families, the pikas and rabbits. --Belg4mit 22:31, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

Right. That's what I said. Dora Nichov 10:50, 22 April 2007 (UTC)

ピカピカ (pika pika) is the sound electricity makes when sparking in Japan. It is similar to the sound "zap zap" that is used in many English speaking countries. "Chu" is the sound a mouse makes. Together they are a sparking sound and a mouse's sound or "Electric Mouse." The fact that ピカ is romanized as "pika" and there is an animal called a pika is just cooincidence. - 67.166.132.47 (talk) 17:55, 2 October 2008 (UTC)

Pikachu is a beastachu —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.65.132.225 (talk) 21:01, 5 August 2009 (UTC)

The original drawings for pikachu had him with said fat body that pikas have. (Yah I know this is only a toy, not a drawing. Pffpt.  Open up an old issue of Nintendo Power..  he looks like a pika >.>)  I don't think it's a cooincidence. But it's kind of amusing to see. http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3390/3418100617_643266b277.jpg —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.131.210.20 (talk) 13:16, 23 November 2009 (UTC)

I think its sort of doubles as a joke for more western audiences. I know the 'Pika' part is referring to the noise of electricity sparking and 'chu' is the noise that a mouse makes, however i think the 'Pika' part unintentionally doubled as a pun for western audiences, sort of what they did for Wario, as the w is for 'warui' which is bad in japan, and it also doubles as a joke for western audiences by making it look like an upside down 'm'. FiveGreenBottles (talk) 15:29, 25 May 2018 (UTC)

Pikachu is also based on the Pika. Pokémon was designed from outset for Western export, not just Japan. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Pikavoom (talk • contribs) 09:00, 10 February 2020 (UTC)

Submission for External Link
I am suggesting to add this as a link -

http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Ochotonidae.html It is the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology's Animal Diversity Web page for the "Family Ochotonidae:pikas"

As far as I can see, they don't sell stuff... Gooblyglob (talk) 23:56, 17 July 2008 (UTC)

Citation
The Donald Grayson article is "Mammalian responses to Middle Holocene climatic change in the Great Basin of the western United States" (2000), Journal of Biogeography 27(1), p181-192. He says no such thing as "human activity and global climate change appeared to be pushing the American pika population to ever-higher elevations and thus possibly toward extinction." His conclusion states, in part, "As a result, we cannot as yet draw secure inferences concerning small mammal responses to global warming conditions in the Great Basin from the Homestead Cave faunal assemblages. Nonetheless, those assemblages do provide our first detailed understanding of mammalian reponses to Middle Holocene warmth and aridity in this region." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 171.64.132.97 (talk) 20:01, 24 July 2008 (UTC)

 * The Wiley Interscience conclusion states: "Prehistoric alterations in the distribution of pika population in the Great Basin were driven by climate change and attendant impacts on vegetation. Today, Great Basin pikas contend with both climate change and anthropogenic impacts and thus may be on the brink of extinction.", which is pretty much exactly what this article says. Note that is says nothing about anthropogenic climate change, nor the cause of the climate change in question. I removed the reference request template and added the reference. The dates do not correspond, so I removed "january 2006". --139.168.209.67 (talk) 05:25, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

Related to chinchilla?
Is the pika related to the chinchilla? Not only do they look similar, what else is striking is that they inhabit cooler mountainous climates; and in fact both can suffer from heat stroke over 80 degrees. (As a side note, I breed standard grey chinchillas for the pet store trade.) Discpad (talk) 16:46, 20 August 2008 (UTC)
 * The Chinchilla is a rodent. Pikas are lagomorphs. Pikas are as closely related to the Chinchilla as they are to any rat or mouse. Which is to say, not very. - UtherSRG (talk) 17:35, 20 August 2008 (UTC)

That's a harsh way to respond to a question plenty of people have regarding pika. Chinchillas have more in common with pika than, say, the common brown rat. Rats are omnivores, chinchillas are not, for one. Chinchillas primarily eat grass, another trait in common with pika. And because of the pika's more rodent-like ear shape and body size, it is often compared to chinchillas, which are more well-known to the average person than pika. Scientific classification isn't everything, and is constantly being changed and updated. You've been lawyered, son.--Haseo ATC (talk) 16:58, 18 June 2012 (UTC)

 * The original question was not "are they similar?", but "are they related?". So no, they are not phylogenetically related, but they may have convergently evolved to fill a similar niche.
 * I trust there are good reasons for classifying pikas as Lagomorphs that will withstand the usual churn of scientific reclassification. It's not stated in this article, but at Lagomorpha it says "Lagomorphs differ from rodents in that they have four incisors in the upper jaw (not two, as in the Rodentia)".
 * If many readers are coming to this article wanting to know how pikas differ from chinchillas, then maybe we should add something to that effect. Apart from the teeth, and the fact that they eat their own poop, is there anything else that places them firmly with the Lagomorphs and not Rodents?
 * Pelagic (talk) 11:58, 3 January 2015 (UTC)

Lifespan and legality as pets?
Does anybody know how long Pikas live and in what countries (if any) they would be illegal to own as pets? 86.14.83.203 (talk) 11:23, 10 January 2010 (UTC)

Chinchilla confusion
I find it confusing that the first sentence says "...chinchilla-like animal" since they are not related. Could this be changed to something else? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.253.91.16 (talk) 00:31, 12 July 2010 (UTC)

Spanish?
Why is the intro paragraph in Spanish? I can read some of it, but I'm not fluent in Spanish (my rabbit-related vocabulary is sorely lacking). English translation requested.--Haseo ATC (talk) 16:42, 18 June 2012 (UTC)

Pika In Nepal
pika are also found in Nepal around tso-rolpa lake which is 4500m above sea level, which might be the first siting in Nepal which i personally conformed of seeing it, after which i searched in google for such animals and never found any materials in such regards. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Musabish (talk • contribs) 12:46, 11 November 2013 (UTC)

 * Yes, pikas may well be found in Nepal. However, the article doesn't say that they aren't, so I don't see a problem. If you have a published reference for the sighting, though, feel free to add it to the article on the Himalayan pika, where it would belong. Anaxial (talk) 20:13, 12 November 2013 (UTC)

Meaning
What does ocho- and -tona mean, for Ochotona? 113.190.144.139 (talk) 15:54, 18 October 2014 (UTC)

I believe it means 'Sharp Tone' in Greek, which makes perfect sense when you hear one (at least the species in the NW U.S.). The main page part about the derivation of the scientific name may be incorrect ("the scientific name Ochotona is from the Mongolian word ogdoi which means pika"). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.207.127.50 (talk) 16:54, 31 May 2019 (UTC)

Range map image
Well, I realized that the range map image appears twice in this article. Should we delete one of the two instances, or should we create a new range map, strictly for extant species? Electric Burst (Electron firings)(Zaps) 21:08, 13 February 2015 (UTC)

Culture
Are pikas featured in any legends or folktales? If yes, include a section on it. Label it "culture". --The only warrah left (talk) 19:09, 7 June 2015 (UTC)

Range map
The range map shows O. pusilla (Steppe Pika) as being native to Britain, specifically England, as well as parts of Western Europe, specifically Spain, France, Portugal and Denmark. The U.K. doesn't have any landscape, nor terrain, which would fit the definition of a 'steppe', a terrain type associated with Russia, Eastern Europe and parts of Asia (Mongolia for example). As I don't believe pikas are all that good at swimming, they'd have to have arrived here whilst Britain was still attached to mainland Europe, which, as the climate and environment isn't suitable, obviously they didn't.

Could the map please be amended…? I'd do it myself if I had the software, but I've only got my iPad. There are NO extant pika species native to the UK. Margo (talk) 08:49, 27 August 2016 (UTC)

 * Note that the map shows sites at which fossil pikas (both extant and extinct) have been discovered, not where they live now. According to the source for the map, the British O. pusilla fossil was uncovered in Wales in middle Pleistocene deposits, and would therefore be dated back to a time when Britain was, indeed, still attached to mainland Europe, and would have had a steppe climate. I think we'd need good grounds to suppose that the source is wrong or outdated before amending the map. Although one could well argue that a map of the current distribution of pika species would be more useful for the taxobox. Anaxial (talk) 09:40, 27 August 2016 (UTC)

Discrepancy in diet?
The article states that some members will store dead birds for food, however the paragraph afterwards states them to be herbivores. Epicrangerpig (talk) 19:23, 21 May 2018 (UTC)

Semi Protected Edit Request
I want to add more researched information about the Pika Mouse

SecondStevoYT (talk) 10:27, 2 February 2020 (UTC)
 * Please add the information you want to add under this message then resubmit. Thanks!  Bobherry  Talk   Edits  13:39, 2 February 2020 (UTC)

Asocial pikas?
"North American pikas (O. princeps and O. collaris) are asocial, leading solitary lives outside the breeding season." In reality, these species are very sociable and communicative, they have alarm calls etc Hunu (talk) 16:00, 23 March 2021 (UTC)

Alternate Pronunciation
The Canadian pronunciation of this animal's name is "piːkə" ("PEE-kuh"). I believe at least some British people use this pronunciation as well, since David Suchet pronounced it this way in the documentary series Canada: A Year In The Wild. Vigilante Girl (talk) 09:58, 5 September 2022 (UTC)

References from the database should merge with the other references
In my opinion, the references from the database should merge with the other references as in my opinion it looks strange having 2 reference tabs within the article. Xboxsponge15 (talk) 20:15, 22 January 2023 (UTC)

 * Additional references of the Paleobiology Database contain such much less important references, but required somehow in the copyright license of that database (don't remember exactly). Maybe they are required only in Wikimedia, but could be removed from the article. But I don't know at all. This is only such supplement. I wouldn't mix them with basic references, because it would generate chaos. Wikimarkup allows such references. Darekk2 (talk) 06:32, 23 January 2023 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Conservation biology
— Assignment last updated by Lrokos (talk) 14:04, 23 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pika


text:
Albert Embankment

Albert Embankment is part of the river bank on the south side of the River Thames in Central London. It stretches approximately one mile (1.6 km) northward from Vauxhall Bridge to Westminster Bridge, and is located in the London Borough of Lambeth.

History
The Albert Embankment was built for the Metropolitan Board of Works under the immediate direction of engineer John Grant (not Sir Joseph Bazalgette, as is commonly supposed; Bazalgette was chief engineer to the Board). It was commenced in September 1865, and opened in May 1868. The purpose was to create a new highway and open space, and to help even out irregularities in the riverfront (since malodorous mud accumulated in the wider places). It is sometimes said the Albert Embankment was created to prevent flooding in the Lambeth area, but that was not its purpose. In fact the Albert Embankment was built on arches to permit vessels to continue to access landside business premises, such as draw docks; these already had their own defensive walls — as did most of the tidal Thames. After the Embankment was completed, floods continued to occur owing to defects in these walls (e.g. in 1877 and 1928). Any flood protection the Embankment gave was incidental.

Unlike Bazalgette's Thames Embankment (including Chelsea Embankment and Victoria Embankment), the Albert Embankment does not incorporate major interceptor sewers. This allowed the southern section of the embankment (upstream from Lambeth Bridge) to include a pair of tunnels onto a small slipway, named White Hart Draw Dock, whose origins can be traced back to the 14th century. This is contrary to the popular myth that the dock was built and used by the nearby Royal Doulton's pottery works to transport clay and finished goods to and from the Port of London. From spring 2009, refurbishment of White Hart Dock commenced as part of an ongoing public art project being delivered by Lambeth council.

Some of the reclaimed land was sold to the trustees of St Thomas' Hospital. To the north of Lambeth Bridge, the embankment is a narrower pedestrian promenade in front of the hospital, with motor traffic carried behind the hospital on Lambeth Palace Road.

In common with other 'Bazalgatte' works, the original embankment is adorned with sturgeon lamp standards to the designs of George Vulliamy. The southern limit of Bazalgatte's embankment was opposite Tinworth Street, where the road moves away from the riverside.

The stretch south of Tinworth Street was occupied by industrial and wharf premises until after World War II. These areas have subsequently been redeveloped as offices, with extensions to the embankment being constructed to a more utilitarian design than the Bazalgatte/Vulliamy stretch. Public pedestrian access to this newer embankment was only secured in the 1990s. Parts of this section of the embankment have a provisional appearance, as the landowners still have hopes for future redevelopment that could move the embankment line further into the river. However, encroachment of the tidal river bed habitat is contrary to the current planning policies of Lambeth.

Albert Embankment is also the name given to the part of the A3036 road between Vauxhall Bridge and Lambeth Bridge, where it adjoins Lambeth Palace Road and Lambeth Road. On the west side of this road adjacent to Vauxhall Bridge is the SIS Building, while on the east side nearer to Lambeth Bridge are the International Maritime Organization (IMO) building and the former headquarters of the London Fire Brigade. In the Thames opposite is London's only river fire station, home to two fireboats.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Albert Embankment


text:
Arthur Kleinman

Arthur Michael Kleinman (born March 11, 1941) is an American psychiatrist, social anthropologist and a professor of medical anthropology, psychiatry and global health and social medicine at Harvard University.

Kleinman’s medical anthropology research has largely focused on China. He began his work in Taiwan in 1968, and then expanded to mainland China in 1978.

At Harvard, Kleinman has taught at all levels for decades. These efforts include teaching, supervision and mentorship of undergraduate students, anthropology graduate students, medical students, and post-doctoral fellows.

Education
Arthur Kleinman received his A.B. and M.D. from Stanford University and M.A. in Social Anthropology from Harvard. He did an internship in internal medicine at the Yale School of Medicine and his psychiatric residency at the Massachusetts General Hospital.

Career
Kleinman is the Esther and Sidney Rabb Professor of Anthropology at Harvard and professor of medical anthropology and professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School.

Kleinman has held a variety of administrative positions, including chair of Harvard’s Department of Anthropology, chair of Harvard Medical School’s Department of Social Medicine, and director of Harvard’s Asia Center (2008-2016).

In 2011, Kleinman was named a Harvard College Professor and given the Distinguished Faculty Award.

In 1976, he founded the journal Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry, and was its Editor-in-Chief until 1986. The journal was continued by Byron and Mary-Jo Good and Peter J. Guarnaccia.

Kleinman directed the World Mental Health Report, released at the UN in 1995, and also directed the World Bank Out of the Shadows Report in 2016. He co-chaired the American Psychiatric Association's Taskforce on Culture and DSM-IV, co-chaired the 2002 Institute of Medicine report on Preventing Suicide, and also co-chaired in 2001 and 2002 both the NIH conference on the Science and Ethics of the Placebo and the NIH conference on Stigma. In September 2003, he gave the Distinguished Lecture sponsored by the Fogarty International Center at NIH on the Global Epidemic of Depression and Suicide. He was on the Counsel of the Fogarty International Center, NIH, and on the NIH Council of Councils. He was a consultant to the WHO where he chaired the technical advisory committee of the Nations for Mental Health Action Program, and in December 2002, gave the keynote address to the WHO's first international conference on global mental health research.

Writing
Kleinman has authored seven books and over 350 articles, book chapters, reviews and introductions. Perhaps Kleinman's most influential work is Patients and Healers in the Context of Culture (1980), followed by The Illness Narratives: Suffering, Healing, and the Human Condition (1988) and Social Origins of Distress and Disease: Depression, Neurasthenia, and Pain in Modern China (1986). His book, What Really Matters (Oxford University Press, 2006), addresses existential dangers and uncertainties that make moral experience, religion, and ethics so crucial to individuals and society today. This book has been translated and published in Chinese editions both in Shanghai and Taipei. His most recent book The Soul of Care: The Moral Education of a Husband and a Doctor was published by Penguin in 2019.

Kleinman is the co-author of four books including A Passion for Society: How We Think About Human Suffering (2016) with Iain Wilkinson and ''Deep China: The Moral Life of the Person. What Anthropology and Psychiatry Tell us about China Today'' (2011) with six of his former students. Kleinman has co-authored many works with other psychiatrists, anthropologists and researchers in the field of global health including the late Paul Farmer (his former student), Veena Das, Margaret Lock, Michael Phillips, Byron Good, Mary Del-Vecchio Good, Tsung-yi Lin and Leon Eisenberg (his former teacher).

Kleinman is co-editor of 29 volumes, including: Social Suffering; Culture and Depression; SARS in China; Global Pharmaceuticals; Subjectivity: Ethnographic Investigations; Reimagining Global Health: An Introduction; The Culture of Illness and Psychiatric Practice in Africa; and The Ground Between: Anthropologists Engage Philosophy. He has also co-edited 11 special issues of journals and published essays in The Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, The Harvard Magazine, among other media.

Awards and recognition
Kleinman is a member of the National Academy of Medicine (formerly the Institute of Medicine) of the National Academies and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has delivered numerous lectures on a variety of topics at universities around the world. He has been a fellow of the Guggenheim Foundation and the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences (Stanford). He is Distinguished Lifetime Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association and the American Anthropological Association.

Kleinman has twice given the Distinguished Lecture at NIH and was a member of its Council of Councils (the advisory board to the director) from 2007 to 2011. He was also appointed by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services of the U.S. Government to the Advisory Council of the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. In 2003, Kleinman chaired the Selection Committee for the NIH's new Pioneer Awards.

In 2006, he received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the Society for Medical Anthropology, and in 2008, he received from the Society for Medical Anthropology the George Foster Award. In 2004, he was awarded the Doubleday Medal in Medical Humanities by University of Manchester, England. In 2007, he received an award in the medical humanities at Imperial College, London He is a winner of the Wellcome Prize of the Royal Anthropological Institute; a recipient of an honorary Doctorate of Science from York University (Canada); and the 2001, was winner of the Franz Boas Award of the American Anthropological Association, its highest award. He was awarded an honorary professorship at Fudan University. Shortly thereafter, he was Cleveringa Professor at the University of Leiden in the Netherlands. Most recently, he was elected Honorary Academician, Academia Sinica, Taiwan.

Personal life
Kleinman was born and raised in New York. He was married to the late Joan Kleinman (who died in 2011), a sinologist and his research collaborator, for 45 years. They have two children (Peter and Anne) and four grandchildren (Gabriel, Kendall, Allegra and Clayton).

Selected list of published works

 * Patients and healers in the context of culture : an exploration of the borderland between anthropology, medicine, and psychiatry / Arthur Kleinman. -- University of California Press, 1980.
 * Culture and depression : studies in the anthropology and cross-cultura l psychiatry of affect and disorder / edited by Arthur Kleinman and Byron Good. -- University of California Press, 1985. --
 * Social origins of distress and disease : depression, neurasthenia, and pain in modern China / Kleinman—Yale Univ ersity Press, 1986
 * The illness narratives: suffering, healing, and the human condition / Kleinman—Basic Books, 1988
 * Rethinking psychiatry : from cultural category to personal experience / Kleinman; Free Press, 1991 ISBN 0-02-917441-4
 * Social suffering / edited by Kleinman, Veena Das, and Margaret Lock—University of California Press, 1997 & Oxford University Press, 1997
 * Writing at the margin : discourse between anthropology and medicine / Kleinman. -- University of California Press, 1995
 * What really matters: living a moral life amidst uncertainty and danger / Kleinman—Oxford University Press, 2006. Translated into Chinese: Shanghai Joint Publishing Company, Shanghai, P.R. China, 2007; translated in Chinese: PsyGarden Publishing Company, Taiwan, 2007
 * The soul of care: the moral education of a husband and a doctor / Kleinman— Penguin, description and arrow-searchable preview, 2019

title: Arthur Kleinman


text:
User:Tranka

User, arm-chair editor, and individual sponsor of Wikipedia.

title: User:Tranka


text:
User:Theonhighgod

I'm Matthew A from Dorset, I went to the University of Essex.

title: User:Theonhighgod


text:
Talk:John Raitt

Untitled
Birth date?

January 10
 * Wikipedia #1 (heh)
 * allmovie.com (heh)
 * CNN
 * Big Bands Database Plus

January 19
 * Wikipedia #2 (heh)
 * allmusic.com (heh)
 * Lycos
 * PBS
 * Iceberg Radio
 * allmusic.com
 * Broadway.com
 * Yahoo
 * Barnes&Noble
 * mp3.com

January 20
 * The Stage (UK)

January 29
 * Wikipedia #3 (heh)
 * Wikipedia #4 (heh)
 * IMDb
 * about.com
 * dpsinfo.com
 * Forbes
 * Business Wire (according to findarticles.com

Niteowlneils 02:01, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:John Raitt


text:
Meanings of minor planet names: 72001–73000

72001–72100

 * -id=012
 * 72012 Terute || || "Terute" refers to an ancient legend from the Japanese city of Sagamihara in Kanagawa Prefecture, and involves a tragic love story. Remains dating back to the Paleolithic era have been found around the city. At the 2012 universe-themed festival, many citizens agreed on the name for this object. || ·
 * -id=021
 * 72021 Yisunji || || Yi Sunji (1406–1465) was a Korean astronomer during the Chosun Dynasty who took Chosun's calendrical astronomy to the global level. His publication of two astronomy books, Chiljeongsan-naepyeon and Chiljeongsan-oepyeon enabled Chosun to carry out astronomical activities its own way. || ·
 * -id=037
 * 72037 Castelldefels || || Castelldefels, a millenary city 30 km from Barcelona, visited by hundreds of thousands of tourists each year because of its beaches, good weather and historical monuments, including a castle inhabited since pre-Roman times. An active astronomical society maintains a close relationship with the Begues Observatory (Src). || ·
 * -id=042
 * 72042 Dequeiroz || || José De Queiroz (born 1954) is a Portuguese-born, Swiss amateur astronomer and discoverer of minor planets. He lives in the small Alpine town of Falera with his daughter Marcia. || ·
 * -id=059
 * 72059 Heojun || || Heo Jun (1539–1615), Korean medical scientist successfully integrated the medical traditions in Chosun and China through Donguibogam, a comprehensive oriental medicine textbook. His observation records regarding an epidemic of scarlet fever were some of the earliest and most accurate in the history of medicine. || ·
 * -id=060
 * 72060 Hohhot || || Hohhot, capital city of the province of Inner Mongolia, China || ·
 * -id=071
 * 72071 Gábor || || Dénes Gábor (1900–1979), a Hungarian-American physicist who  won the 1971 Nobel Prize for Physics for his invention and development of the holographic method. He also carried out research on high-speed oscilloscopes, communication theory and physical optics, and he paid special attention to the impact of science on modern society. || ·
 * }

72101–72200

 * -bgcolor=#f2f2f2
 * colspan=4 align=center | There are no named minor planets in this number range
 * }

72201–72300

 * -bgcolor=#f2f2f2
 * colspan=4 align=center | There are no named minor planets in this number range
 * }

72301–72400

 * -bgcolor=#f2f2f2
 * colspan=4 align=center | There are no named minor planets in this number range
 * }

72401–72500

 * -id=432
 * 72432 Kimrobinson || || Kim Stanley Robinson (born 1952), an American science fiction writer who has described human settlement of the Solar System and beyond. He has imagined social and environmental challenges facing societies living on worlds such as Mercury, Earth, Mars and the asteroids. || ·
 * -id=447
 * 72447 Polińska || 2001 DP || Magdalena Polińska (born 1981) is a Polish assistant professor researcher at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań. She specializes in photometric observations of minor solar system bodies. Her current research interests also include stellar spectroscopy and abundance analysis. Citation provided by T. Michałowski. || ·
 * }

72501–72600

 * -id=543
 * 72543 Simonemarchi || || Simone Marchi (born 1973), an Italian astronomer and active researcher in Solar System sciences, in particular the observational and theoretical modelling of minor planets, satellites of the outer planets and meteoroid impacts on Mercury. He is also fond of sundials and engaged in the popularization of astronomy. || ·
 * -id=545
 * 72545 Robbiiwessen || 2001 EP || Robbii Wessen (born 1958) is an American artist and graphic designer. He has won numerous graphic-design awards including the AIGA Graphic Design Award and multiple Desi Awards. His sculptures have been shown across the United States. He is a graduate of the Parsons School of Design. || ·
 * -id=596
 * 72596 Zilkha || || Michael Zilkha (born 1954) and Nina Zilkha (born 1954), American entrepreneurs and philanthropists from Houston, Texas. Their chance visit to the George Observatory in the year 2000 led to a generous equipment grant, resulting in hundreds of discoveries of minor planets and of measurements of variable stars. || ·
 * }

72601–72700

 * -id=632
 * 72632 Coralina || || Coralina is a women's choir founded in Gnosca, Switzerland in 1980, where the Gnosca Observatory is located. It has been masterfully conducted by Francesca Gianoni Casanova since 1990. The repertoire is highly refined and is made up of pieces from different parts of the world and from various periods of music history. || ·
 * -id=633
 * 72633 Randygroth || || Randall Groth (Randy Groth) is an associate vice president of the University of Arizona and dean of the university's South Campus in Sierra Vista. His energetic efforts were a key factor in establishing Patterson Observatory at the South Campus. || ·
 * }

72701–72800

 * -bgcolor=#f2f2f2
 * colspan=4 align=center | There are no named minor planets in this number range
 * }

72801–72900

 * 72801 Manzanera || || Phil Manzanera (born 1951, as Philip Geoffrey -Adams) is a musician known for key contributions to such groups as Roxy Music, 801 and Quiet Sun, as well as the pursuit of his own, often experimental and ethereal guitar work. His work includes key collaborative efforts with Brian Eno, John Wetton, and David Gilmour. || ·
 * -id=802
 * 72802 Wetton || || John Kenneth Wetton (1949–2017) was a progressive rock musician who worked with many groups during his long career, including Phil Manzanera, King Crimson, Roxy Music, U.K. and Asia. His beautiful voice complemented his equally impressive technical mastery of the bass guitar. || ·
 * -id=804
 * 72804 Caldentey || 2001 GQ || Maria-Dolorès Caldentey Rius (born 1956), a Spanish founding member of the Observatorio Astronómico de Mallorca. In 1991 she designed and managed the construction of the observatory. During 2003–2004 she did the same for the Planetarium of Mallorca and the Observatorio Astronomico of La Sagra in Granada. || ·
 * -id=819
 * 72819 Brunet || 2001 HX || Joseph Brunet (born 1935) a French astronomer who was one of the three people involved in the construction of the Observatoire de Saint-Véran, following the decision to establish a new observing station by the Paris Observatory in 1974. || ·
 * -id=827
 * 72827 Maxaub || || Max Aub (1903–1972), was a Franco-Spanish writer who studied in Spain, where the civil war inspired his famous trilogy Campo cerrado (Field of Honour, 1943), Campo de sangre (1945) and Campo abierto (1951), written during his 30-year exile in Mexico. || ·
 * -id=834
 * 72834 Guywells || || Guy Wells (born 1976) is a British-Grenadian amateur astronomer and a Fellow of the Royal Astronomical Society. He has created Northolt Branch Astro, a group of amateur astronomers who seek to increase public interest in astronomy. He provides follow-up observations of Near Earth asteroids to the Minor Planet Center. || ·
 * -id=841
 * 72841 Manolaneri || || Manola Neri (b. 1957), an Italian amateur astronomer.|| ·
 * -id=876
 * 72876 Vauriot || || Pierre Vauriot (1926–1984) was a French professor of mathematics, an observer of variable stars and a popularizer of astronomy in the region Languedoc Roussillon. He was cofounder of the Astronomical Society of Montpellier and a correspondent of the Astronomical Society of France. || ·
 * }
 * }

72901–73000

 * -id=993
 * 72993 Hannahlivsey || || Hannah Livsey (born 1975) is an English solicitor with a passion for classical music. She lends her time as a cellist to the Shrewsbury Symphony Orchestra. || ·
 * }


text: Category:Swiss geographers

title: Category:Swiss geographers


text:
D. F. M. Strauss

D. F. M. Strauss (born 1946, Bloemfontein) is a South-African philosopher and the world's leading expert on the theory of modal aspects, one of the core features of the thought of the Dutch philosopher, Herman Dooyeweerd, and the movement for Reformational philosophy.

Strauss studied under an adherent of Dooyeweerd's philosophy, Henk Van Riessen and attended some lectures of Dooyeweerd's brother-in-law, D. H. Th. Vollenhoven, professor of philosophy at the Free University in Amsterdam. Since that time Strauss has written voluminously in both Afrikaans and English on numerous contemporary philosophical themes.

In 1971 he was appointed as senior lecturer in philosophy at University of the Free State. From January 1976 he was promoted to associate professor and in October 1977 as professor and head of the Department of Philosophy. In 1994 he went to Canada, where as the first director of the Dooyeweerd Centre, he initiated the publication of the collected works of Herman Dooyeweerd in English. He returned to South Africa in 1997 and from 1 April 1998 to 31 December 2001 was dean of the new Faculty of Humanities at the UOFS. Apart from 15 independent publications, 35 international conference papers and 20 contributions to collected works, he has published about 240 articles in national and international journals.

Strauss served for two and a half years at the Dooyeweerd Centre at Redeemer University College, Ancaster, Ontario, Canada; he maintains a strong relation with the centre and serves as general editor of the Collected Works of Herman Dooyeweerd, published by Edwin Mellen Press (Lewiston, N.Y.).

In 2005 his work on the philosophical foundations of the modern natural sciences was published by Peter Lang Publishers – Paradigmen in Mathematik, Physik und Biologie und ihre philosophische Wurzeln (216 pp.) (Frankfurt am main). In 2006 Peter Lang published his work Reintegrating Social Theory – Reflecting upon human society and the discipline of sociology (310 pp.) (Oxford I New York). In 2009 his work: Philosophy: Discipline of the Disciplines appeared in Grand Rapids (Paideia Press – 715 pp.).

Some articles published in English
Articles in English by D F M Strauss, Philosophia Reformata

title: D. F. M. Strauss


text:
Talk:Isetta

I do not know if I did this correctly.

I was trying to correct the page "BMW Isetta" which only covered the German built Isettas.

Regards - Oldfarm 02:03, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Picture
I have scanned a photograph by me of a Spanish Iso Isetta from 1954 from the front-right and from the right side. It was made in a museum so it suffers from the car being too lit by the flash with the background being too dark. If you think that the article lacks pictures, tell me, and try to enhance the pic and upload it. --Error 20:56, 3 September 2005 (UTC)

Alternative Picture, inc. CU of Interior Steering Column Area
If someone likes any of these pictures there are available to include in the article. I took these of a vehicle I saw on the street in Bad Tolz in around 1987. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:Contributions/Dcsutherland Dcsutherland (talk) 02:31, 7 March 2010 (UTC)

what is the meaing of "isetta"?
Is there anyone can tell me the real meaning or the orgin of this word, isetta? thanx!

 * From the article: "By 1952 the engineers Ermenegildo Preti and Pierluigi Raggi had designed a small car that used the scooter engine and named it Isetta — an Italian diminutive meaning little ISO." Oldfarm 12:51, 27 April 2006 (UTC)

'Zetta' Kitcar
I can't find a working link for the UK firm that makes (or made?) the 'Zetta' kit referenced in this article. I'm leaving the reference in place, as I do not have time to research it right now. Someone may want to see if the demise of this company can be confirmed and re-write (or delete) the reference.
 * The link was good a few weeks ago. It seems that the link has now disappeared. Let's leave it for 30 days and try again then. Oldfarm 17:23, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

Romi-Isetta in Havana?
The picture of the "Romi-Isetta" in Havana appears to depict a BMW 600 or a vehicle similar to it. Its rear track is similar in width to its front track, and it appears to have a back seat. Did Romi-Isetta make a car similar to the BMW 600? Respectfully, SamBlob 16:05, 9 June 2007 (UTC)

Isetta Reborn
The text in this section is pasted from an article on the web. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 90.195.136.31 (talk) 19:42, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Removed it. 131.107.0.73 (talk) 20:59, 17 December 2007 (UTC)

Sargwagen
Surely it's not right to describe 'Sargwagen' as 'literally meaning coffin on wheels' ? It doesn't - I would have thought that it means something more like Coffin-car ? PateraIncus (talk) 20:20, 21 May 2008 (UTC)

A way more common nickname for the BMW Isetta was "Schlaglochsucher" (pothole-seeker) due to the differing wheel base on the front and tail wheels.--80.171.19.110 (talk) 08:16, 13 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Wheelbase bedeutet Radstand.  I think you mean (in English) Track.   But this does affect your point which is interesting in a light hearted sort of way.... Charles01 (talk) 08:57, 13 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Or "Advent car", after the Advent coral "lift up your heads, ye mighty gates", in German: "lift up the door", because of its peculiar way of entering it.--2001:A60:1570:3B01:D09C:DCC4:4E0D:C0B5 (talk) 18:34, 5 March 2015 (UTC)

Messerschmitt
Wsant there aq small tru wheeled "car" Made by famous Mserscehmiit co before the isetta? Thanks!
 * Both the German Messerschmitt and the Italian Isetta vehicles came out in1953. See: KR175 / KR200.... Oldfarm (talk) 15:02, 27 April 2009 (UTC)

Popular culture section
I can understand why most of the others were removed, but why was the entire section, including the Family Matters and the Urkel car, removed? Not only is "Urkel car" a redirect here, but this car is widely recognized as the car that he uses. —Onore Baka Sama(speak 17:18, 15 August 2010 (UTC)
 * A mention on that article seems enough. I'm generally opposed to pop/trivia sections, they contribute nothing to the understanding of the subject and smack of vanity editing. Brutal Deluxe (talk) 00:28, 16 August 2010 (UTC)

This page should definitely mention Family Matters because many people (not just Americans, because Family Matters was syndicated in a lot of markets) are only familiar with this car because of that show. It's not like many of that car are driving around on the streets now. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.72.44.116 (talk) 05:53, 29 August 2010 (UTC)
 * "The guideline that has been widely accepted for automotive subjects is that mention of pop-culture references should be strictly limited to cases where the fact of that reference influenced the sales, design or other tangible aspect of the vehicle. It is not sufficient to note that the vehicle had a major influence on its owner or some movie or TV show—such facts belong in the article about the owner, movie or TV show." – from WP:WPACT

 * Appearance on Family Matters could not have influenced the sales of the Isetta because production of the Isetta ended long before Family Matters was aired.

 * Sincerely, SamBlob (talk) 20:30, 8 June 2012 (UTC)

Three liters?
"The BMW Isetta was in 1955 the world's first mass-production 3-liter car." I don't think so. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.53.195.38 (talk) 17:36, 15 March 2011 (UTC)
 * So whats an earlier one? -- >Typ932 T·C 17:56, 15 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Where the Isetta is concerned, the size of the car itself was like 3 liters. ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 18:10, 15 March 2011 (UTC)
 * The term "three-litre car" refers to a car's capability to run for 100 km with 3 litres of fuel. Not used very much in Anglosaxon countries that use mpg, but I believe it's a term that has recently been brought back from the fifties by German manufacturers. Egg carton (talk) 12:23, 16 March 2011 (UTC)

Iso Autocarro
In my view most of the content of that section is copied directly from a web site and not paraphrased. http://www.microcarmuseum.com/tour/isettacarro.html The Bruce Weiner Microcar Museum

Quote from the site: "Type Autocarro, a commercial version with full-width rear axle. ... The Autocarro was offered in several body styles, a flatbed pickup, enclosed truck (Furgone Commerciale), a tilt-bed, or even a fire engine!

This was an extremely popular type of vehicle in Italy, and numerous manufacturers produced some variant of the type. This included Iso themselves, having previously (1950-1953) produced a motorcycle-type Isocarro. The Iso Autocarro was larger than most, with its four-wheel layout, proper rear axle with differential and leaf springs, and massive tube frame. It was good for a 500 to 600 kg load. The name Isetta Autocarro was also used." Peter K Burian (talk) 21:07, 13 May 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Isetta. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20120710202822/http://lanemotormuseum.org/bmw-isetta-300-1957 to http://lanemotormuseum.org/bmw-isetta-300-1957

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 04:41, 17 November 2017 (UTC)

US Import Model
I have no reference for it, but I can remember as a child about 1955 seeing a 3-wheel Isetta model in an automobile show room in Memphis, Tennessee. Perhaps someone can find a reference to a US import model? --Zeamays (talk) 23:21, 4 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Isetta


text:
Michael Phillips (psychiatrist)

Michael Phillips (Chinese name as 费立鹏) is a prominent Canadian psychiatrist known for his work in mental illness and suicide prevention. He resides in Shanghai, China.

title: Michael Phillips (psychiatrist)


text:
A Little Bit

"A Little Bit" is a song recorded by American recording artist Jessica Simpson. It was written by Kara DioGuardi, Steve Morales and David Siegel, and was produced by Morales along with Ric Wake. The song was released as the second and final single from Simpson's second studio album Irresistible (2001), on August 28, 2001, through Columbia Records. Musically, the song is a mid-tempo dance-pop song and the lyrics speak about the protagonist wanting changes in a relationship she is in.

The song received mostly positive reviews from music critics; most of them appreciated the song's production. It failed to chart in the United States, but reached number sixty-two on Australian Singles Chart. An accompanying music video, directed by Hype Williams, shows Simpson dancing on a futuristic dance floor, along with her backup dancers. Simpson performed the song on her DreamChaser Tour (2001), the 2001 Jingle Bell Bash and a few televised shows.

"A Little Bit" was covered by Welsh singer Rosie Ribbons for her unreleased album Misbehaving. Her version was released as a single through Telstar Records and peaked at number nineteen on the UK Singles Chart. The single was promoted through a promotional music video, which shows Ribbons performing dance routines with her dancers, and live performances on various televised appearances like CD:UK and Top of the Pops and Smile.

Background and composition
"A Little Bit" was written by Kara DioGuardi, Steve Morales and David Siegal, and was produced by Morales and Ric Wake. The song became DioGuardi's first writing credit for an artist from her native country. Simpson's vocals were recorded by Dan Hetzel at Sony Music Studios, New York City, and the track was mixed by Hetzel along with Richie Jones at Cove City Sound Studios, Glen Cove, New York. Keyboard programming was done by Eric Kupper. According to Simpson, "the message behind the song is for guys to listen to the girl". "A guy needs to give a little bit more of himself, a little bit more of his time. It's about the love going so much further, the guy would actually be selfless," she expanded on the song's theme. In the United States, "A Little Bit" was released as the second single from Irresistible. The song saw an airplay-only release there on August 28, 2001, while in Australia, a physical single was issued on October 29, 2001. "A Little Bit" was used to promote Bally Total Fitness and thus, a limited CD single pressing was made available to people who joined the club. The song was also utilized for the company's promotional advertisement campaign.

"A Little Bit" is a dance-pop song, composed in a "medium pop" tempo. According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Alfred Music Publishing, it is written in the key of E minor. Its beat is set in common time, and moves at a tempo of 94 beats per minute. It also has the sequence of Em–C–B/D♯ as its chord progression. Simpson's voice in the song spans from the note of G3 to the high note of D5. Following the same beat-oriented pattern as "Irresistible", "A Little Bit" features piano instrumentation. Simpson sings the lyrics as rapid-fire verses and with start-and-stop hooks. Simpson adopts breathy vocals for the song, and the lyrics talk about what she expects from her partner: "A little more time, a little less wait / A little more heart, a little less break". She also demands healthy changes in the relationship.

Critical reception
"A Little Bit" garnered mostly positive reviews from music critics. Kirsten Koba of PopMatters gave a positive review, writing "with pop star sass, she belts out [...] proving that she's a girl with attitude — and fierce rhyming ability." Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic wrote that the song and "Irresistible" were "double-punch" on the album. Chuck Taylor of Billboard praised the song's production, writing that it "locks [this one] inside the head long after it's faded from the speakers." Larry Printz of The Morning Call also gave a favorable review, writing that the song "benefit[s]" from the start-and-stop hooks. Yushaimi Yahya of The Malay Mail, who was critical of the album as a whole, pointed out that Simpson sounded "decent" on the track. However, Chuck Campbell of Daily News noted Simpson's singing as "breathless whispers" and deemed the song as being "heavily processed." The song debuted at number sixty-two on the Australian Singles Chart, on the week dated November 5, 2001, which became its peak position. The single fell to number ninety-six the following week, and dropped out of the chart the week after.

Music video
The music video was filmed under the direction of Hype Williams to promote the single. The dance sequence was choreographed by George Hubela (known as GEO) and the video takes place in a futuristic spaceship-like setting where Simpson performs an intricate dance choreography with four male and four female dancers. She wears a rainbow-colored tank top and a mini skirt in the video. At one part, the dancers perform in pairs with Simpson in front of them. Later, Simpson dances beside a male dancer while wearing sunglasses and a white top with a bedazzled American flag. In the video's final scene, Simpson, accompanied by the same dancers from the beginning, perform choreography in a red room, and dance with futuristic pole-stands. The music video also features her younger sister Ashlee Simpson as one of the background dancers.

Live performances
Simpson included the song on the set-list of her DreamChaser Tour (2001). For the performance on the tour, Simpson was accented by a white top and plaid pants, and also wore a red hat and a red tie. Her performance also made use of poles similar to the one used in music video. She also performed the song on MuchMusic Canada. and the sketch comedy show MADtv. The song was performed along with "Irresistible", "I Wanna Love You Forever", and "I Think I'm in Love with You", at the Jingle Bell Bash, organized by KBKS-FM, in December 2001. The same month, she sang the song on the 2001 Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve, along with "Irresistible", and on the Hot 107.9 Mistletoe Meltdown. Mark Bialczak of The Post-Standard wrote that Simpson "sure sounded like a diva – especially with the bulked-up tape track that accompanied her singing."

Track listing

 * AUS CD single
 * 1) "A Little Bit" – 3:47
 * 2) "A Little Bit" (Chris 'The Greek' & Guido Club Mix) – 7:54
 * 3) "A Little Bit" (Chris 'The Greek' & Guido Radio Mix) – 4:29
 * 4) "Irresistible" (Hex Hector Radio Mix) – 3:32

Credits and personnel
Credits for "A Little Bit" are adapted from Irresistible liner notes. Credits for the remixes are adapted from "A Little Bit" CD single liner notes.

 * Steve Morales – writer, co-producer
 * Kara DioGuardi – writer, background vocals
 * David Siegal – writer
 * Ric Wake – producer
 * Janie Barnett – background vocals
 * Margaret Dorn – background vocals
 * Ted Jensen – mastering
 * Jessica Simpson – vocals
 * Chieli Minucci – guitar
 * Dan Hetzel – Engineer
 * Richie Jones – mixer, percussion

 * Remix credits
 * Chris "The Greek" Panaghi – re-mixer
 * Guido Osorio – re-mixer

Rosie Ribbons version
"A Little Bit" was recorded by English singer and Pop Idol runner-up Rosie Ribbons, for her debut studio album Misbehaving. Her version has an "American vibe" and derives from the genres of pop and R&B. A writer for the Western Mail noted that the song contains influences of Samantha Mumba tracks. The song was released on January 13, 2003, through Telstar Records, as the second single from the album. It reached number nineteen on the UK Singles Chart, and was also accompanied by a music video, which showed Ribbons dancing with her backup dancers. She performed the song on various televised appearances such as CD:UK and Top of the Pops. She also toured with Liberty X and promoted the song.

Release and reception
Ribbons' version of "A Little Bit" was released as the second single from her debut album titled Misbehaving, on January 13, 2003, through Telstar Records. The album was recorded, but due to Telstar going bankrupt, it was never released.

The song earned mixed reviews from critics. A staff of Tourdates.co.uk gave a favorable review commending Ribbons' vocal display. The reviewer added "[so] often we are bombarded with wannabes with weak vocals and insipid songs, [Rosie] shows us that there is life after pop idol and with 'a little bit' of cred." Music Week also gave a positive review, noting the song was "catchy". However, Ian Hyland, writing for the Sunday Mirror was critical of the song, giving it a grade of 6 out of 10. He remarked that Ribbons "fails" at doing "sexy R'n'B". Similarly, Julie MacCaskill of the Daily Record dismissed it as "a lacklustre affair with the wannabe star ditching her Mariah sound- a-like singing in favour of becoming a Kylie clone". The single debuted at number nineteen on the UK Singles Chart, the week dated January 25, 2003. The position became its peak position. The following week, the song dropped to number thirty-seven and the week after exited the top forty.

Promotion
A promotional music video for the song was filmed, which showed Ribbons wearing heavy makeup and donning a stylish costume. The first scene of the music video takes place in an elevator-like set. Ribbons is shown singing in the elevator. Then, as the video progresses she is shown dancing with her backup dancers, in a set with the lyrics of the song inscribed on its walls. Then, Ribbons is shown seducing a man in the elevator. In the last scene Ribbons, along with the backup dancers, dance on a parking lot like set. The music video premiered on CD:UK on December 7, 2002. Dean Piper of The Mirror noted the video to be "groovy".

"A Little Bit" was first performed on the Party in the Park event in 2002. Later, she performed it on various televised appearances such as the British chart show Top of the Pops, Smile and CD:UK. She also appeared on Smash Hits' chart countdown and promoted the song. In March 2003, she toured with British pop group Liberty X.

Track listing

 * UK Enhanced CD Single
 * 1) "A Little Bit" (Radio edit) – 3:44
 * 2) "A Little Bit" (Rishi 'Smooth' Rich remix) – 4:27
 * 3) "A Little Bit" (M*A*S*H Main Vocal mix) – 6:34
 * 4) "A Little Bit" (Rishi Rich remix) – 3:35
 * 5) "A Little Bit" (Video)

 * UK 12" Vinyl Single
 * 1) "A Little Bit" (Bini & Martini High Pressure Mix)
 * 2) "A Little Bit" (Bini & Martini High Pressure Dub)

Credits and personnel
Credits are adapted from "A Little Bit" CD single.
 * Steve Morales – writer
 * Kara DioGuardi – writer
 * David Siegal – writer
 * ICON – producer
 * Rishi Rich – re-mixer
 * M*A*S*H – re-mixer
 * Bini & Martini – re-mixer
 * Joanna Barnes – rap
 * Tanya Scarborough – rap

title: A Little Bit


text:
Radio festival

A radio festival is a music show featuring live bands that are created and promoted solely by commercial radio stations or media conglomerates. Often, bands are not paid for their performances, but they are given free air play in addition to the exposure received by the promotion of the festival.

title: Radio festival


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Volley pong

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 01:11, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Volley pong
Non-notable game invented and played at one school. The article itself states that there are only 15 people who play this game. The article is mostly a list of the rules. Delete --BM 02:05, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non notable game. Dave the Red (talk) 03:51, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikipedia is not a platform for publicizing local projects.  A topic has to achieve widespread non-local notability and then get included in Wikipedia, not the other way around. -- Curps 03:53, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Volleypongcruft. -- 8^D gab 04:43, 2005 Apr 7 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, cruft. Megan1967 07:00, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. Gorrister 18:27, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, non-notable game, studentcruft. Vlad M V  ٭ talk 14:57, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: User talk:69.250.242.227

title: User talk:69.250.242.227


text:
Universal Islands of Adventure

Universal Islands of Adventure (also known as Islands of Adventure or IOA), originally called Universal Studios Islands of Adventure and later Universal's Islands of Adventure, is a theme park located in Orlando, Florida. It opened on May 28, 1999, along with CityWalk, as part of an expansion that converted Universal Studios Florida into the Universal Orlando Resort. The resort's slogan Vacation Like You Mean It was introduced in 2013.

Islands of Adventure is modeled after a journey of exploration, where guests embark on an adventure to visit a variety of themed islands. Initially, the park featured six islands. A seventh, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, was added in 2010, themed to the highly successful Harry Potter franchise. It was Universal's largest investment since the resort's founding in 1990. The expansion led to a significant increase in attendance, and in 2013, Islands of Adventure ranked seventh domestically and eleventh internationally after hosting approximately 8.1 million guests. The newest island, Skull Island, opened on July 13, 2016, and is themed to the King Kong franchise.

Licensed properties
Like Universal Studios Florida next door, Islands of Adventure has not limited itself to Universal's own library, because it licensed other characters from rival studios, many of whom did not own theme parks of their own, as attractions and lands. Some of these include:
 * Dr. Seuss properties (Dr. Seuss Enterprises)
 * Harry Potter book and film franchise (J.K. Rowling and Warner Bros. Entertainment)
 * Popeye (King Features Syndicate and E.C. Segar)
 * Pre-2009 Marvel Comics (Marvel Entertainment)

History
Before Islands of Adventure was built, the site was originally planned as a shopping mall called Galleria Orlando. Plans were first drawn up for the mall in 1985, but it was ultimately canceled in 1990, the same year Universal Studios Florida opened next door.

Preview Center
During the construction of IOA, Universal opened the Islands of Adventure Preview Center at adjacent Universal Studios Florida. Opening two years before the new theme park, the Preview Center was designed to give guests a sneak peek at some of the themes and attractions for Islands of Adventure. The attraction was located in the Paradise Theater building located in the New York section of Universal Studios Florida, next to the Kongfrontation attraction. In the attraction, guests would walk through various rooms themed to the various "Islands" in the new park. The final room stated when the Islands of Adventure park would open, and showed guests Universal's future plans for the Universal Orlando Resort. The Preview Center was closed shortly after the opening of Islands of Adventure. The space that was used for the preview center is now a locker room and a year round "Tribute Store".

Opening
Islands of Adventure had a soft opening beginning March 27, 1999, during which visitors could preview the park at a discounted price while the staff conducted a technical rehearsal and worked on the "finishing touches." During this soft opening, guests were informed that attractions might open and close throughout the day without notice and that some attractions might not be open at all. Initial plans were to open the park in mid-May, but this was ultimately delayed until May 28, 1999.

After the enormous capital expenditure required to build Islands of Adventure, CityWalk, and the resort hotels, Universal sought to overtake nearby Walt Disney World in attendance. However, with the addition of the second park, new resorts, and entertainment district, the resort was named Universal Studios Escape. Essentially, it seemed that visitors were confused by the name, assuming that Islands of Adventure was a new area added to the already-existing Universal Studios Florida theme park. For the first two years, attendance did not rise as expected. By 2001, the marketing was revamped, clarifying that Islands of Adventure was indeed a second, completely separate park with new rides and attractions. Universal Studios Escape was renamed Universal Orlando Resort, and ended up being the only resort in the Orlando area to actually have an increase in attendance after the September 11 attacks on the United States.

Former attractions
As with almost any amusement park, older attractions are sometimes removed to make way for newer ones. At Islands of Adventure, some have simply been closed with no replacement like Island Skipper Tours while others like The High in the Sky Seuss Trolley Train Ride! were altered from their initial concept to the attraction that operates today.

Islands
Islands of Adventure consists of eight themed "islands", the majority of which are based on licensed intellectual properties, with only two lands based on original Universal Pictures works. They are, in clockwise order from entry: Port of Entry, Marvel Super Hero Island, Toon Lagoon, Skull Island, Jurassic Park, The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, The Lost Continent, and Seuss Landing.

Port of Entry
Port of Entry is the park's main entrance and is home to many shops and services including Guest Services aptly named The Open Arms Hotel. The park's centerpiece, Pharos Lighthouse, is also located within Port of Entry. Each night, this functioning lighthouse sends out a bright beam to lead visitors to and from the park's gates. Like many theme parks using the "hub and spokes" format, this entry Island contains no rides. It has dining options including Croissant Moon Bakery, Backwater Bar, The Grinch & Friends Character Breakfast, Confisco Grille, Starbucks, & Cinnabon. It has shopping options such as Port Provisions, Island Market and Export Candy Shoppe, DeFoto's Expedition Photography, Port of Entry Christmas Shoppe, Ocean Trader Market, and Islands of Adventure Trading Company.

Marvel Super Hero Island

Marvel Super Hero Island is based on the superhero characters featured in Marvel Comics. The area features comic-book styled architecture; many of the building interiors are created in comic book perspective, with exaggerated lines and angles. Many exteriors are painted in a special paint which appears to change color based on the angle from which it is viewed – sometimes purple, sometimes orange. The buildings are all labelled generically: "Store", "Shop", "Food", and "Comics", etc.

The area is also home to a variety of dining outlets and merchandise shops. Food and beverage items can be purchased from Cafe 4 and Captain America Diner. Merchandise items can be bought from a variety of themed stores including Spider-Man Shop (The Amazing Adventures of Spider-Man), Marvel Alterniverse Store, Comic Book Shop, and Oakley.

There is also "Meet Spider-Man and the Marvel Super Heroes", a meet-and-greet attraction, where guests can meet superheroes including Wolverine, Storm, Cyclops and Rogue, Spider-Man, and Captain America.

In late 2009, The Walt Disney Company (Universal's biggest competitor in the theme park market) announced that it had sought to acquire Marvel Entertainment. Universal announced that Marvel's new ownership would not affect Marvel Super Hero Island, and Disney CEO Bob Iger acknowledged that Disney would continue to honor any contracts that Marvel currently has with Disney competitors. In March 2012, Bob Iger revealed that Disney had begun preliminary concepts of incorporating Marvel's properties into their parks, although no major negotiations with Universal were announced. Hong Kong Disneyland has since announced an expansion to its park featuring characters from the Marvel Universe. Disney California Adventure Park at the Disneyland Resort in California has also since incorporated meet-and-greet Marvel characters, as well as an Avengers Super Hero Half Marathon Weekend at the resort. Both Hong Kong Disneyland and Disney California Adventure have opened Marvel attractions since the acquisition, with Iron Man Experience at the former and Guardians of the Galaxy – Mission: Breakout! at the latter. Both attractions officially opened in 2017. Only Walt Disney World Resort is barred from having Marvel characters in its parks, due to contractual obligations to Universal and Universal's use of Marvel characters in the region. However, this only includes characters Universal is currently using, other characters in their "families" (Spider-Man, X-Men, Avengers, Fantastic Four, etc.), the villains associated with said characters, and the Marvel name. This clause has allowed Walt Disney World to have meet and greets, merchandise, attractions, and more with other Marvel characters not associated with the characters at Islands of Adventure, such as Star-Lord and Gamora from Guardians of the Galaxy.

Toon Lagoon
Toon Lagoon is based on the cartoon and comic strip characters from King Features Syndicate and Jay Ward. With the area's main focus being water-based rides (hence the name).

The area is also home to a variety of dining outlets and merchandise shops. Food and beverage items can be purchased from Blondie's, Cathy's Ice Cream, Comic Strip Cafe and Wimpy's. Merchandise items can be bought from a variety of themed stores including the Gasoline Alley, Toon Extra and Wossamotta U.

Skull Island
Skull Island is the newest island at the park, having been opened in the summer of 2016. The area's sole attraction, Skull Island: Reign of Kong, opened on July 13, 2016. The attraction and island mark the return of the King Kong character to the Universal Orlando Resort, after the Kongfrontation attraction closed at Universal Studios Florida in 2002 to make way for the Revenge of the Mummy: The Ride.

Jurassic Park
Jurassic Park is themed to the film series of the same name. Set after the events of the first film, the area undertakes the guise of John Hammond's dinosaur theme park featured in the series. As such, the area is filled with the attractions and exhibits one would find in the "real" Jurassic Park, including thrill rides and discovery-based exhibits.

The Wizarding World of Harry Potter – Hogsmeade

The Wizarding World of Harry Potter – Hogsmeade is themed around the Harry Potter universe, authored by J. K. Rowling. It officially opened to the public on June 18, 2010. On May 31, 2007, Universal announced that it had secured the licensing rights from Warner Bros. and Rowling to incorporate the Harry Potter franchise to Islands of Adventure. The 20 acre island features attractions, shops, and restaurants set inside such locations as the Forbidden Forest, Hogsmeade Village, and the iconic Hogwarts Castle. Ground breaking began in 2007, with the official opening scheduled for June 18, 2010, as announced on March 25, 2010. As part of the promotion for the then-upcoming area, a behind-the-scenes documentary on production of the park section is included on the Blu-ray and DVD release of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.

There are five main attractions in the Wizarding World of Harry Potter:

There is also a singing Frog Choir and a Triwizard Spirit Rally held in the town center. These events feature Hogwarts, Beauxbatons, and Durmstrang students.

An expansion of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter, based on the Diagon Alley and London settings from the series, opened on July 8, 2014, at the adjacent Universal Studios Florida park in the former site of the park's Jaws attraction. The Hogwarts Express attraction connects the two areas of The Wizarding World of Harry Potter in each park.

The Lost Continent
The Lost Continent is themed to ancient myths and legends, and is divided into two sub-sections; an ancient Arabian marketplace called Sindbad's Bazzaar, and a Grecian-Atlantis-esque Lost City. Formerly, the Lost Continent included a medieval section Merlinwood, but the majority of that area was re-themed for the Wizarding World of Harry Potter. This land is also home to Mythos, which is one of two full-service restaurants in the park and was voted winner of best theme park restaurant by Theme Park Insider for six successive years between 2003 and 2008.

Seuss Landing

Seuss Landing is based on the works of author Dr. Seuss. The island features several Seuss-themed attractions, especially geared towards small children, as well as a Green Eggs and Ham Cafe and Circus McGurkus restaurant. As in the books, one of the unique characteristics of this area is that there are almost no straight lines anywhere. Palm trees bent by the winds of Hurricane Andrew were even planted in the area to continue this theme.

The area is also home to a variety of dining outlets and merchandise shops. Food and beverage items can be purchased from Circus McGurkus Cafe Stoo-pendous (The High in the Sky Seuss Trolley Train Ride!), Green Eggs and Ham Cafe (opened seasonally), Hop on Pop Ice Cream Shop, and Moose Juice, Goose Juice. Merchandise items can be bought from a variety of themed stores including Cats, Hats & Things (The Cat in the Hat), Snookers & Snookers Sweet Candy Cookers (The High in the Sky Seuss Trolley Train Ride!), All the Books You Can Read, and Mulberry Street Stores Trading Co. A live action show entitled Grinchmas Wholiday Spectacular, which retells the story of How the Grinch Stole Christmas is available seasonally.

Character appearances
Like the neighboring Universal Studios Florida, Islands of Adventure has a number of famous characters:

Current characters

 * Betty Boop
 * Dr. Seuss: Cat in the Hat, Thing 1 and Thing 2, Sam-I-Am, Guy-Am-I, The Grinch and The Lorax
 * Jurassic Park: Blue and Bravo the Velociraptors and Tango and Sierra the baby Velociraptors
 * Marvel Comics: Spider-Man, Captain America, Wolverine, Cyclops, Storm, Rogue, Green Goblin and Doctor Doom
 * Popeye the Sailor Man: Popeye and Olive Oyl
 * Wizarding World: Hogwarts Train Conductor

Universal Express Pass
Several attractions in Islands of Adventure allow guests to utilize Express Pass. This pass admits users to a separate line for the attraction, which is given priority status when boarding. Express Pass is not a virtual queuing service. Instead, passholders may enter the "Universal Express" line whenever they wish. The price of this pass is not included in the charge for park admission.

title: Universal Islands of Adventure


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How Bizarre (album)

How Bizarre is the only album by the New Zealand musical group OMC, released in 1996. It was first released on 27 September under the Huh! recording label, issued by PolyGram New Zealand, and manufactured and marketed by Mercury Records on 25 February 1997 in the United States. The album garnered a surprised, but generally positive reaction from critics; it was considered so bold and unique that it could not be compared to anything, and journalists struggled to classify it as one thing or another. How Bizarre reached number 5 in its native New Zealand and number 40 on the Billboard 200, spawning four singles: the title track, "Right On", "On the Run" and "Land of Plenty". It was also certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting sales of over 500,000 copies in that country, becoming the best-selling Urban Pasifika album.

How Bizarre was reissued globally on vinyl for the first time on April 16, 2021, remastered by Alan Jansson.

Critical reception
Critical reception was mixed to positive. Chuck Eddy, writing for Spin, praised the overall musicianship throughout the album, highlighting the update to the "angelic-melancholy-through-odd-instrumentation aesthetic" pioneered by Flying Nun Records, and Fuemana's vocal performance resembling that of Billy Ocean and R. B. Greaves. Eddy said OMC crafted a genre hybrid that mixes Beck from 1996, reggae from 1971 and recent pop music that "dour mid-'90s U.S. radio might not know what to do with it." Thom Owens of AllMusic called the record "an intriguing fusion of worldbeat rhythms and urban soul that never manages to catch fire, despite several strong grooves and soulful fusions." Robert Christgau cited the title track and "On the Run" as "choice cuts", indicating good songs on "an album that isn't worth your time or money.". Both Q Magazine and Mojo magazine gave the album four out of five stars and it was named Album of the Year by publications in Japan and the Philippines.

Track listing

 * Track 11 was only on the second release of this album, issued in September 1997 in the US only.

Personnel
Adapted from the album's liner notes.

OMC
 * Pauly Fuemana – vocals, guitar
 * Alan Jansson – engineering, keyboards, programming, guitar ("Right On")

Additional musicians
 * Sina Saipaia – backing vocals ("How Bizarre", "Right On")
 * Lee Baker – guitar ("How Bizarre", "Right On")
 * Hershal Herscher – accordion ("How Bizarre")
 * George Chisholm – trumpet ("How Bizarre", "Right On")
 * Glenn Campbell – pedal steel guitar ("Right On"), dobro guitar ("Breaking My Heart")
 * Geoffrey Heath – cello ("Pours Out Your Eyes")
 * Steve Robinson – piano ("Pours Out Your Eyes"), hammond organ ("Land of Plenty")
 * Steve Kellner – drums ("Pours Out Your Eyes", "She Loves Italian")
 * Mia Camilleri – french horn ("Pours Out Your Eyes", "Land of Plenty")

 * Walter Bianco – saxophone ("Breaking My Heart")
 * Harmon – tea chest bass ("Breaking My Heart")
 * Taisha – backing vocals ("Land of Plenty")
 * Christine Fuemana – backing vocals ("Land of Plenty")
 * James Gaylyn – drums ("Angel in Disguise")
 * Juliet Primrose – violin ("Angel in Disguise")
 * Manuel Bundy – scratching ("Lingo with the Gringo")

Production
 * Rick Huntington – additional mixing and engineering

Artwork
 * Deborah Smith – photography
 * Richard Kingsford – design

title: How Bizarre (album)


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Talk:Secretary General of the Organization of American States

(talk about the 2005 election moved to Talk:OAS Secretary General election, 2005)


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Embassy of Croatia, Washington, D.C.

The Croatian Embassy in Washington, D.C., is the primary Croatian diplomatic mission to the United States.

It is located on Embassy Row at 2343 Massachusetts Avenue, Northwest Washington, D.C. in the Embassy Row neighborhood near Dupont Circle. The embassy also operates Consulates-General in Anchorage, Chicago, Houston, Kansas City, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York City, Pittsburgh, and Seattle.

The embassy represents the interests of Croatia and Croatian citizens in the United States and conducts the majority of diplomatic work on such interests within the U.S.

, the Ambassador is Pjer Šimunović.

Building
The building was the Embassy of Austria, which vacated it for larger quarters, and sold the structure to Croatia in 1993. About half of the $2.5 million purchase price of the building was raised from within the Croatian-American community; another $700,000 was raised for renovations by the Croatian-American community of Cleveland. Some 400 volunteers donated time, materials and skills to aid in the renovation, too. In front of the embassy is a large sculpture of St. Jerome by Croatian sculptor Ivan Meštrović.

title: Embassy of Croatia, Washington, D.C.


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Talk:Pigres of Halicarnassus

The "where, however, he makes the mistake of calling Artemisia the wife of Mausolus)" bit seems to be out of place...is something missing? And is it a mistake to call Artemisia the wife of Mausolus? I thought she was. Adam Bishop 02:15, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Interesting. See The Suda Online. It looks to me like Smith's writer saw something about this, but garbled it, and in using "the celebrated Artemisia" is under the impression that this is Herodotus' Artemisia, Xerxes' warlike woman. That said, the Suda could be defended. Vitruvius 2.14 describes the later Artemisia's military exploits against the Rhodians. There may be other refs. I'll change. Lectiodifficilior 03:28, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Pigres of Caria
I assume the Pigres of "Caria" described in The New International Encyclopædia is actually this Pigres of Halicarnassus? --Azertus (talk) 15:52, 2 September 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pigres of Halicarnassus


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Tarentel (band)

Tarentel is a post-rock band which formed in San Francisco in 1995. Initially, the band consisted of Danny Grody and Jefre Cantu-Ledesma. The line-up altered over the years and has included John Hughes, Trevor Montgomery, Patricia Kavanaugh, Kenseth Thibideau, Jeffrey Rosenberg, Jim Redd, Tony Cross, Steve Dye and others.

Tarentel began as a post-rock band, making extended, LP-side length instrumental pieces. Over the course of three full-length albums and a number of singles and EPs, Tarentel has gradually shifted its style to a looser, more improvisational form that incorporates genres such as noise and drone as well as having a strong psychedelic element.

Tarentel member, Paul Clipson, projects original Super-8 film compositions that accompany each live performance by the band. He died in February 2018. The band has been inactive at least since their most recent release in 2009.

Studio albums

 * From Bone to Satellite (1999) (limited to 1000 copies)
 * The Order of Things (2001) (vinyl limited to 500 copies)
 * Mort aux Vaches (2002) (limited to 1000 copies)
 * We Move Through Weather (2004)

EPs

 * Tarentel (1998)
 * Travels in Constants vol. 3 (1999) (limited to 1000 copies) (part of the Travels in Constants series)
 * When We Almost Killed Ourselves (1999) (limited to 200 copies)
 * Looking for Things / Searching for Things (2000) (limited to 500 copies)
 * Two Sides of Myself (2000) (limited to 500 copies)
 * Carol Whiskey 9 (2000) (limited to 250 copies) (split with Rothko)
 * Sets and Rises / Rises and Sets (2000) (limited to 500 copies) (split with Lilienthal)
 * Fear of Bridges (2002) (limited. to 700 copies)
 * Latency (2003) (limited to 100 copies)
 * Paper White (2005)
 * Big Black Square (2005)
 * Ghost Weight (2005)
 * Paper White / Big Black Square (2005)
 * Home Ruckus (2005) (limited to 500 copies)
 * Home Ruckus: Double-Sided Air (2007) (limited to 500 copies)
 * Home Ruckus: Bottled Smoke (2007) (limited to 100 copies)
 * Ghetto Beats On the Surface of the Sun (2007)
 * You Can't Hide Your Love Forever Vol. 3: Space Junk (2009) (limited to 300 copies, part of the You Can't Hide Your Love Forever 7-inch subscription series)

Compilations

 * Ephemera | Singles 99-00 (2002)

Live albums

 * Live Edits: Natoma CD (2006) (limited to 500 copies)
 * Ghetto Beats On the Surface of the Sun (2006) (limited to 500 copies of each)
 * Live Edits: Italy & Switzerland (2008) (limited to 500 copies)

DVDs

 * Over Water (2009) (DVD-r collaboration with filmmaker Paul Clipson, three shorts of Super8 film and music mostly culled from live performances in Italy & Switzerland in 2005, limited to 100 copies)

title: Tarentel (band)


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A Ship Bound for India

A Ship Bound for India (Skepp till Indialand) is a 1947 Swedish film directed by Ingmar Bergman. It was originally released as A Ship to India in the United Kingdom and Frustration in the United States. The screenplay was written by Bergman, based on the play by Martin Söderhjelm.

The film is about the relationships within a family, a subject with which Bergman often dealt in later films, and uses other common devices of Bergman such as the hard father figure.

Birger Malmsten, who plays the lead character Johannes, went on to feature in several later Bergman films.

The film was entered into the 1947 Cannes Film Festival, where it competed for the Palme d'Or, which was known at the time as the Grand Prix.

Plot
Johannes is a sailor who returns home after seven years of travel and finds Sally, the girl he once loved, and many memories resurface in him. Realizing that he still loves her, he declares it to her but Sally rejects him. Johannes walks wandering on the beach and thinks back to the past, to something that happened seven years ago during a marine recovery. Since Captain Blom, his father, is absent, Johannes, in order to keep the sailors under control, takes command of the operation. Meanwhile, Blom goes between one tavern and another and in one of these he starts a fight and, after courting a girl named Sally, he takes her away with him. Blom is later diagnosed with a serious eye disease that will lead to blindness.

Sally goes to live in the Blom family's boat, but furious arguments break out between Johannes and his abusive father. Johannes and Sally fall in love and this causes Blom's anger to become even stronger. While Blom's wife tries to persuade her husband to return to her, Johannes and Sally make love in an old mill and Sally later confesses to the captain her love for Johannes. A heated discussion ensues in which Sally tells Blom that he is a total failure.

During the resumption of the recovery operation, where Johannes works under the keel as a diver while Blom is in charge of the pump, the latter tries to kill his son by interrupting the flow of air that goes to the diving suit. Johannes is saved, but Blom, in a fit of madness, plunges the recovered wreck into the sea and destroys everything. When the police arrive to arrest him, he throws himself out of the window, nearly killing himself.

After this shocking episode, Johannes embarks as a sailor and leaves for India, while Sally returns to sing and dance in the seedy club where she worked before.

title: A Ship Bound for India


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Naʽat

Naat (নাত and Punjabi) is poetry in praise of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. The practice is popular in South Asia (India, Pakistan and Bangladesh), commonly in Urdu, Bengali or Punjabi. People who recite Naat are known as Naat Khawan or sanaa-khuaan. Exclusive "Praise to Allah" and Allah alone is called Hamd, not to be confused with 'Na'at'.

In Arab countries, lyrics and praises said for Muhammad are called Madih nabawi.

History
One early author, Hassan, was known as Shair-e Darbaar-e Risalat. Before converting to Islam he was a poet, and after converting, he started writing Naats in honor of Muhammad. His poetry defended Muhammad in response to rival poets who attacked him and his religion.

Tala al Badru Alayna is a traditional Islamic poem known as nasheed recited to Muhammad when he moved to Medina in 622 CE.

Language
Commonly, the term naʽat shareef (exalted poetry) is reserved for poetry in the praise of Muhammad. In Arabic, na'at is usually called madih (praise) or nasheed (poetry), although the latter can describe any type of religious poetry.

Urdu Na'at anthologies

 * Hadaiq e Bakhshish by Ahmad Raza Khan
 * Wasail e Bakhsish by Muhammad Ilyas Qadri
 * Tajalliyāt, by Syed Waheed Ashraf First Ed.(1996), Second Ed.(2018) ISBN 978-93-85295-76-8, Maktaba Jamia Ltd, Shamshad Market, Aligarh 202002, India
 * Urdū zabān men̲ naʻt goʼī kā fann aur tajallīyāt, 2001 by Syed Waheed Ashraf
 * Safeena e Bakhshish by Akhtar Raza Khan (Azhari Miya)

Na'at poets

 * Hassan ibn Thabit
 * Pir Syed Meher Ali Shah
 * Amir Khusro
 * Mian Muhammad Bakhsh
 * Ahmed Raza Khan
 * Pir Syed Naseer-uddin-Naseer
 * Mustafa Raza Khan
 * Muhammad Ilyas Qadri
 * Mushtaq Qadri
 * Syed Waheed Ashraf
 * Muzaffar Warsi
 * Akhtar Raza Khan
 * Muhammad Iqbal
 * Behzad Lucknavi

Urdu Na'at reciters

 * Syed Sabihuddin Rehmani
 * Junaid Jamshed
 * Abrar ul Haq
 * Syed Fasihuddin Soharwardy
 * Siddiq Ismail
 * Khursheed Ahmad
 * Abdul Rauf Rufi
 * Qari Waheed Zafar Qasmi
 * Bekal Utsahi
 * Ajmal Sultanpuri
 * Mushtaq Qadri
 * Ghulam Mustafa Qadri
 * Muhammad Naqi Naqvi

title: Naʽat


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Lifestylism

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 01:11, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Lifestylism
I say delete this neologism. Arkyan 02:26, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Likewise —Wahoofive | Talk 07:31, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The tendency to promote a certain lifestyle (e.g. vegetarian, ecologist) Dic def at the very least. Deletism: tendency to delete neologism dic defs. Mgm|(talk) 10:02, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete.Gorrister 18:41, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. wordcruft. Mikkalai 02:30, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Hedley 02:31, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologicruft. -- 8^D gab 03:29, 2005 Apr 12 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Extraterrestrials in fiction

An extraterrestrial or alien is a lifeform that did not originate on Earth. The word extraterrestrial means "outside Earth". Extraterrestrials are a common theme in modern science-fiction, and also appeared in much earlier works such as the second-century parody True History  by Lucian of Samosata.

History
The 2nd century writer of satires, Lucian, in his True History claims to have visited the Moon when his ship was sent up by a fountain, which was peopled and at war with the people of the Sun over colonisation of the Morning Star.

Antiquity
The way people have thought about extraterrestrials is tied to the development of actual sciences. One of the first steps in the history of astronomy was to realize that the objects seen in the night sky were not gods or lights, but physical objects like Earth. This notion was followed by the one that celestial objects should be inhabited as well. However, when people thought about such extraterrestrials, they thought of them simply as people, indistinguishable from humans. As people had never considered a scientific explanation for the origin of mankind or its relation with other lifeforms, any hypothetical rational lifeforms had by necessity to be humans. Even in mythology, all deities are mostly humanlike. For example, Voltaire's Micromégas features people from Saturn, who are simply of higher proportions.

This was changed by the 1859 book On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin, which proposed the theory of evolution. This book caused a revolution in fiction as much as it did in science, as authors began to imagine extraterrestrial races completely different from human beings. With the rationale that evolution in other worlds may take completely different directions than on Earth, aliens began to be described as creepy monsters. Usually, authors used features from other animals, such as insects, crabs, and octopuses. Some such aliens are the octopean Martians from The War of the Worlds (1898), the Selenites from First men in the Moon (1901), the birdlike Tweel from A Martian Odyssey (1934) and even a sentient star in Star Maker (1937).

Modern times
The Barney and Betty Hill incident took place in 1961 when the couple claimed that they were abducted by aliens and subjected to invasive experiments. It was the first recorded claim of an alien abduction, soon followed by others. The description of the aliens made by the Hills, with oversized heads, big eyes, pale grey skin, and small noses captivated the public imagination and was later used by TV shows and films. This started the grey alien archetype. According to Wade Roush, a science and technology writer, "The standard depiction of aliens at that point became the little grey man. So, when Steven Spielberg came along and made probably what are the two most influential movies about aliens – Close Encounters of the Third Kind, and ET the Extra-Terrestrial – the aliens and those movies were both basically variations on the 1950s and 1960s little green or little grey man image".

The advent of TV and films, with extraterrestrials played by actors, toned down the fantasy. For budget reasons, humanlike aliens with just some specific non-human body features became the new standard. This is especially noticeable in the Star Trek franchise. This changed again since the 1990s with the advent of computer-generated imagery (CGI), and later on as CGI became more effective and less expensive, as it allows to generate bizarre lifeforms without being constrained to actors with costumes or mechanical effects.

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Talk:Singapore River

Untitled section 1
Hi. Perhaps a native Singaporean historian would like to expand on the historical significance of the Singapore River. I did the best I could in 10 minutes with what I can remember... Alex.tan 02:27, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

River mouth
Too bad I am not a historian, but a geographer. :D But which is why I wonder why it was mentioned the outlet was pushed out...presumably to the Marina Channel? Not really true..coz the river mouth it still at the old Merlion site. The river flows out to Marina Bay, which is already considered the open sea and not part of the river.--Huaiwei 08:21, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, I stand corrected. I am not a Singaporean, after all - though I did spend some time there. If you say the Bay is considered seaItalic text'', well, I guess it is. Well, why don't you fix it as you're the Singaporean geographer? :-) Alex.tan 09:37, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Hehe...well...I would probably do so when I can spare the time later. Got some pesky essays to complete now. Meanwhile, the commentary on the daming of the Marina Channel do seem to warrant its own article, dont you think? We might be able to move the information there.--Huaiwei 10:08, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Writing Style
I think the section on the river's history is written in a romantic style not encyclopedic style. For example, the part on Stamford Raffles' realisation of Singapore River's significanceWai Hong 15:31, 22 October 2006 (UTC)

New picture
I've uploaded a new picture on commons: Image:Singapore_River_top_view.jpg. I'm not sure how to include it but I'm putting it out there for all now.

River Length
The article states that the river is 11km in length. However, I fail to see how that is possible. According to map, it is about 3km from the Esplanade bridge to Kim Seng Road. If you add in the above ground portions of Alexendra Canal, that's an additional 2km. I have gone it's distance on foot and via bicycle and it cannot be 11km. Unless someone can document how it is 11km, I will change the article. Bryan MacKinnon (talk) 06:55, 30 July 2011 (UTC)

I have changed the river length to 3km from 11km. Bryan MacKinnon (talk) 08:24, 31 July 2011 (UTC)

What does this mean?
In the lede, it is written: "Despite its name, Singapore River is not a river because it lacks the three courses of a river". What does it mean? What are the three courses of a river? -- Cycl o pia talk  17:47, 6 June 2013 (UTC)

Copyright problem removed
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title: Talk:Singapore River