text:
User:RabidGreenMonkey

Hey.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:RabidGreenMonkey


text:
Aurela

Aurela was a charter airline based in Vilnius, Lithuania. It operated charter services for several tour operators in the Baltic states. Its main base was Vilnius International Airport.

History
The airline was established and started operations in 1996 as a joint-stock air company using a Tupolev Tu-134A. In 1995, Aurela Airlines became the first private aviation company in Lithuania. In 1996, the company acquired a VIP configured aircraft, a TU-134A for charter flights. In 2001, an eight-seater business class plane, Hawker HS-125-700, was purchased for VIP flights. Further demand on the market for chartered flights allowed the  company to take a loan on a newer and more economical YAK-42D containing 120 seats. In 2003, as the number of charter flights increased, the company rented out another YAK-42D. In 2004, one YAK-42D was replaced with a more advanced and higher volume Boeing 737-300. The first flight of this plane coincided with Lithuania's membership in the European Community. Aurela was also used by Valdas Adamkus, the President of Lithuania. In 2004–2005, the President was taken to Kyiv during the Orange Revolution and to attend the funeral of Pope John Paul II. In 2005, as soon as the EU had tightened its position in respects to the use of Russian aircraft, the company updated its fleet by acquiring western manufactured planes. In December, upon expiration of the rent agreement, the remaining YAK-42D was returned to the lessor. In July 2006, a second Boeing 737-300 was rented out. In December, the company's shareholders purchased a brand new nine-seater plane, a Hawker 850XP for VIP charter flights. The same year, the key client for chartered flights had become Novaturas Travel Company. In spring 2009, Aurela announced plans to expand its aircraft fleet by acquiring a Boeing 767-200. Aurela have signed a three-year contract with Thomas Cook airlines to provide them with Boeing 757-200 aircraft for summer months at its UK bases, and provides a charter service for Small Planet Airlines to Samos island and Limnos.

In 2011, January 7, the company's permanent flight license has been suspended. In May 31, the company was bought by Cyprus-registered company Servolian Investments. In July 15, the permanent flight license was renewed.

In 2012, Aurela began to operate several routes for Monarch Airlines due to Monarch opening new routes and not having sufficient fleet. Routes such as Birmingham to Málaga. Monarch ceased their partnership with Aurela in September 2012, due to extensive delays, customer complaints and an Aurela aircraft skidding off the runway at Birmingham Airport.

On 18 February 2013, the decision was taken by the Lithuanian CAA to suspend the licence of Aurela.

Services
The core activities were:
 * Regular charter Flights – one of the key operational activities by Aurela was travel agencies chartered flights to different resorts in Europe, Asia and Africa.
 * Individual charter Flights – Aurela Airlines organizes individual or so-called exclusive charter flights.
 * ACMI Lease – Aurela provided aircraft with all maintenance and crew including engineers to a lessee. In 2006 Aurela had a successful cooperation with Estonian Air. One of the aircraft was leased to the Estonian company for three and a half months. Airlines such as airBaltic, Small Planet Airlines and Star1 Airlines also hired the service, when necessary.
 * VIP Flights – Aurela was the only aviation company in Lithuania operating a commercial category, VIP class aircraft.

Fleet
Aurela had various aircraft types, including:
 * 1 Hawker 850XP
 * 1 Hawker 900XP
 * 2 Boeing 757-200
 * 1 Tupolev Tu-134
 * 2 Yakovlev Yak-42D
 * 1 British Aerospace BAe 125
 * 2 Boeing 737-300

title: Aurela


text:
Talk:Game mechanics

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 14 January 2021 and 24 April 2021. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Otu.ak.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 22:01, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Untitled
This doesn't say anything.

 * There you go... I've added 1,300 meaty words. Better? :-) -dmmaus 11:06, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I think a definition of game mechanics needs to incorporate the idea of fun. As far as video games are concerned it helps to distinguish the thousands of rules that are in the background (after all a computer program is just a huge set of rules)from the meta level rules that turn a game into a enjoyable and meaningful activity. --Jacobmph 17:59, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

Metagame mechanics
I have heard the term 'metagame mechanics', but I have not been able to understand what it is. Perhaps someone could add an explanation, either in this article or a new one on the subject? SpectrumDT 13:41, 11 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Meta-game mechanics would be the mechanics of meta games, that is, games about games (or something like that). Meta game mechanics would be mechanics (a framework of rules) for generating game mechanics. I'm not sure what both things should mean in detail, though. HTH — TowerDragon 22:48, 20 September 2006 (UTC)
 * See also metamechanics — TowerDragon 23:06, 20 September 2006 (UTC)

Catchup logic
Many games contain a form of catch-up logic, allowing players who are left behind (or unlucky) to stay in the competition. Such a mechanic is often seen in computer racing games, where the race leaders vehicle have a lower top speed. Another example is the board game Powergrid, where the game order is changed to make the weakest players go first when buying resources. Loeffe

 * Good point! I've added a section about this. -dmmaus 22:47, 14 April 2006 (UTC)

Sources?
Not to be nitpicky (actually, I guess that's exactly the purpose of this...) but I haven't seen any sources for this cited... I might try to find some sources at a later date, but I tend to be pretty lazy, so don't expect anything. NHammen 02:47, 8 June 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure what sort of sources you want. The article is basically a descriptive list of facts. You don't need to refer to a source to know that some games use dice to control movement, for example. However, if you can find sources, please do add them in. -dmmaus 04:32, 8 June 2006 (UTC)

"Game mechanics fall into several more or less well-defined categories."

To me this implies that these are what most game designers recognise as being the basic components to all games, not just a descriptive list of facts. I don't see any mention of balance here either except in one of it's forms as catch-up. NHammen 22:35, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

 * Well I don't have an academic-style reference, but it's fairly well-known in the gaming community that there are several classes of game mechanic, that line up pretty well with what's in this article. The basic ones are pretty obvious to anyone. I based some of the sections on game mechanics defined by BoardGameGeek. I'm sure there are references for these categorisations, but books on the theory of game design are few and far between. Rules of Play and Game Design Workshop are likely sources, but I've not read them (yet).
 * The point about game balance is good - I've added a reference to it in the introduction, since there's an article on it already. -dmmaus 04:00, 30 June 2006 (UTC)

This article isn't about game mechanics. It's about elements of static game like RPG. What's about sports, what's about 3d action game (platform, first person shooter, RTS)?Vapour

Gamemechanics v.s. Gameplay
Sorry for inserting fair bit of unreference material in Engrish. But I believe distinction between game design (gameplay) and game programing (gamemechanics) is a useful conceptual framework. Hope someone can expand more on this very interesting topics. Vapour

a bit too prescriptive
This article seems to mostly present a taxonomy and set of distinctions as if they were widely accepted (though without citations), while in actuality there's considerable disagreement on the matter, and I think it'd be fair to say that analyzing games and the game-design process is still in its early stages. There have been some proposals, such as a mechanics-dynamics-aesthetics split, or the idea of "core mechanic" in Rules of Play, which would be useful to review in a more descriptive sense with citations, acknowledging that it's still an open area. --Delirium (talk) 01:20, 14 August 2008 (UTC)

Dubious addition
I've removed the following unsourced addition as it seems highly dubious. Who created this classification? What about all the other types of game not covered by this taxonomy? How about word plays, simulation games, games based on pure physical activity...? Diego (talk) 18:13, 19 August 2008 (UTC) ==Broad types of game ==

The majority of games fall into three categories 'Race, Place or Chase/War or combinations of the three. Three examples :- Ludo is a simple Race game with a Capture ie Chase element'. Both Tic-Tac-Toe and Go are strict game of placement with no secondary moves. The majority of computer-based strategy games are definitely of the Chase or War category. Both Robert Charles Bell and Harold James Ruthven Murray use these major categories. Bell separates Mancala games from the Race category and also has Dice and Domino categories. In addition, there is the large sub-genre of Solitaire and Puzzle games.

Mechanic or Mechanism
Shall we discuss this? It seems there is some push and pull on this topic. Quoting from page 4 of "Game Mechanics: Advanced Game Design" by Adams & Dormans: "Game designers are perfectly comfortable talking about a game mechanic in the singular form. They don't mean a person who repairs game engines! Instead, they are referring to a single game mechanism that governs a certain game element. In this book, we prefer to use mechanism as the singular form, indicating a single set of game rules associated with a single game element or interaction."

Personally, I prefer mechanism for the singular form, especially after reading the definition of mechanic. However, there is much use of mechanic in game literature. See for instance McGuire & Jenkins and Sicart. RareEntity (talk) 09:29, 24 August 2014 (UTC)

By far the more common word is "mechanic." Just Google "game mechanism." 95% of the pages that come back use "mechanic" and make no mention at all of "mechanism" even though that was the search term. This article should use "mechanic" for consistency and because it is the more accurate and preferred word. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 73.50.132.20 (talk) 00:27, 6 July 2016 (UTC)

I would like to concur with the prevailing concept of "mechanic" as the definitive singular term. While "mechanism" is a reasonable alternative that is defined within the dictionary, it also is non-specific and only recently has been cited and changed within the BoardGameGeek website. Outside of that microcosm, "game mechanic" is used in significantly more articles and game theory essays throughout the history of the subject.

Some quotes from various sources: "There's a real advantage to forging a game around strong main mechanic."

"explains Miyamoto. 'We had found that the ink-battle play mechanic was fun...'"

“short-term goals, each one providing a kind of pleasure that is less immediate than the instant gratification of the core mechanic, but more rapidly obtained than the long-delayed outcome of the game”

"In this sense, then, game mechanics also describes the mechanisms of the game simulation... Other definitions, like Cook's (2005): "game mechanics are rule based system/simulations that facilitate and encourage a user to explore and learn the properties of their possibility space through the use of feedback mechanisms", while acknowledging the relations between players, rules and mechanics, fail to provide a sufficiently clear set of properties that allows the concept to be applied in a formal analysis of games. This definition is valuable since it incorporates the notion of feedback to the understanding of mechanics, but it falls short in explaining how we can identify a mechanic, or a set of mechanics, and how it is based in the rule system."

Anyway, I propose that we circumvent the argument entirely and allow people to make their own decision, by changing the Heading of the section to an alternative that uses the plural not the singular. TheCrippledWerewolf (talk) 01:12, 16 May 2017 (UTC)

 * "circumvent the argument entirely and allow people to make their own decision" That's not how Wikipedia works. We follow reliable sources, not what editors may or may not want to use. As you yourself pointed out, reliable sources use predominantly "mechanic(s)". We use this pretty much in all game-related articles. We can leave a note that alternate wording exists. — HELL KNOWZ  ▎TALK 10:17, 16 May 2017 (UTC)

Reference
Found this article about game design, it may be interesting.  Diego (talk) 18:48, 27 April 2014 (UTC)

And a couple of videos, found at this comment page:

Diego (talk) 18:50, 27 April 2014 (UTC)

An excellent article titled Defining Game Mechanics RareEntity (talk) 09:29, 24 August 2014 (UTC)

Basic Gameplay
What is "Basic gameplay" and where does it come from? This is the first time I've heard of the concept and (vague) definition and I am unable to find anything about it on the internet. The Wikipedia article on Gameplay itself doesn't even mention the word "basic".

It seems to be somewhat "genre defining," and if it is a real thing, it might be interesting to add to the Gameplay article. However, it doesn't seem to have any more to do with game mechanics than gameplay as a whole does. Any references I could check out? Maplestrip (talk) 09:30, 16 October 2014 (UTC)

 * I think the section is referring to what is also called "core gameplay", the basic elements that the players interact with through the whole game, as opposed to variations of rules at different levels. I've seen it defined in some articles about gameplay, you may have more luck searching for those terms. Diego (talk) 09:43, 16 October 2014 (UTC)

 * Looking for that, I found this description of core mechanics :

 * "Always following a player-centered approach, we can define core gameplay as the set of activities that the player will undertake more frequently during the game experience, and which are indispensable to win the game. The game mechanics which allow carrying out the core gameplay activities are called “core game mechanics”, and are, consequently, the most important in the game, since players will have to deal with them during most of their play experience."

 * Which is interesting and all, and might see use in the Gameplay article, but I'm really not sure if it is of great importance in this article. It is the core aspect of a game, but saying "the core aspect of the game is the core aspect of the game," or even "The most frequently used game mechanics are the core game mechanics" would be... somewhat odd. Maplestrip (talk) 09:55, 16 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I'll try to dig the article I saw (I think it was by Daniel Cook, either at Gamasutra or Lost garden); it had a lot more to chew. Diego (talk) 10:29, 16 October 2014 (UTC)

First hit of my search, a classification of game mechanics in layers: Diego (talk) 10:31, 16 October 2014 (UTC)

 * Oh, that's really good. I especially like how it points out meta game mechanics, which could be an interesting addition to this article (though I am not sure where to put it. "Core and Meta Game mechanics" could deserve its own section?). This still doesn't really have anything to do with the relationship between mechanics and gameplay, though, which the section that defines "basic gameplay" would be about. Interestingly, it does switch "core game mechanics" to "core gameplay" when it describes chess, as if the two are synonymous.Maplestrip (talk) 10:50, 16 October 2014 (UTC)
 * I haven't seen anyone establishing a hard distinction between game mechanics and gameplay; they're used interchangeably, with maybe some nuances of "mechanics" being reductionist/technical as a set of distinct rules and "gameplay" being holistic/emotional - the feeling that emerges from playing, and which distinguishes one game from the next. I think we could pretty much merge the short gameplay article as a section of this one to avoid confusion to readers.
 * I've been willing to document Cook's theory of "atom loops" and arcs for a while. Though most of it is self-published, the basics have been made available at Gamasutra, and thus Cook counts as "expert whose work in the relevant field has been published by RSs".
 * I've also found this, which are hard results based on scientific research. Diego (talk) 12:51, 16 October 2014 (UTC)

One thing worth noting either way is that you'd need to combine multiple mechanics to create gameplay, which might be the key of the relationship between the two. Whether to combine the two articles... I really don't know. If this article could bring a good technical explanation of certain gameplay elements and the Gameplay could give a good description of gameplay as something experienced by the user and crafted using mechanics, I am sure that both articles could stand very well on their own. It seems neither article have a sufficient quality for that right now, though(but I must say that the lead section of Gameplay looks pretty good)Maplestrip (talk) 08:43, 17 October 2014 (UTC)

WTF?
What's this supposed to mean? "Game mechanics are a shape different from rules, they are constructs of rules or methods designed for interaction with the game state, thus providing gameplay."
 * Is fail.

Kortoso (talk) 16:59, 3 August 2015 (UTC)

 * I can't find that sentence anywhere in the article, but feel free to fix anything that is wrong. The article is in a pretty bad state, after all. ~ Mable ( chat ) 12:04, 4 August 2015 (UTC)

 * Last time I checked, it was the first sentence in the lede. If I knew what it was supposed to mean, I would happily change it.
 * Maybe someone can supply a better definition of "game mechanics"? Kortoso (talk) 16:01, 4 August 2015 (UTC)
 * Does this sound reasonable:
 * http://www.lostgarden.com/2006/10/what-are-game-mechanics.html
 * "Game mechanics are rule based systems / simulations that facilitate and encourage a user to explore and learn the properties of their possibility space through the use of feedback mechanisms. Kortoso (talk) 16:03, 4 August 2015 (UTC)

 * In my opinion, the first sentence of the article, "Game mechanics are constructs of rules or methods designed for interaction with the game state, thus providing gameplay," looks really good, and its source seems very adequate. I think the aspect of facilitating/encouraging players to "explore and learn the properties of their possibility space through feedback" would be a great addition to the lead. Currently, the article is heavily lacking in sources, so if you can replace unsourced material with sourced material, especially if the unsourced material is incorrect, that would be great and very helpful :) ~ Mable ( chat ) 16:55, 4 August 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Game mechanics. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20101215150410/http://www.fantasyflightgames.com/edge_minisite_sec.asp?eidm=38&esem=1 to http://www.fantasyflightgames.com/edge_minisite_sec.asp?eidm=38&esem=1

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:46, 10 October 2017 (UTC)

the scientists at Mojang
"All games use mechanics; however, the scientists at Mojang and styles differ as to their ultimate importance to the game" What does that even mean? And how is Mojang important enough to be mentioned in the introduction of this article? 2A02:8070:E2BA:7600:60BB:A6A8:C8E4:ACDB (talk) 00:48, 12 October 2019 (UTC)

Sourcing
@Sariel Xilo Hey homie, I noticed you just deleted a ton of the work I just did on the article. I agree that the gamedeveloper.com source is sketchy, but the youtube channel in question is the official GDC youtube channel, which, while it is a primary source, is still a source, and is presented in such a fashion as to make it clear it is a primary source.

The uncited sentence about "mutual exclusivity" is just simple probability and I would argue falls under routine WP:CALC.

Also the portion about area influence/area control is mentioned in "Building Blocks of Tabletop Game Design" by Shalev and Engelstein, which had already been cited repeatedly. Feel like a "citations needed" template would have been a better option than a mass blanking here, considering the portions you removed are frankly better cited than what you left alone. Tdmurlock (talk) 21:15, 6 March 2024 (UTC)

 * You're right that this whole article is a mess (it already has tags about needing sources & OR concerns), however, you also added a lot of unsourced or poorly sourced content. So per No original research & WP:CHALLENGE, I've removed that content again. If you want to restore, please add secondary sources. The other thing to consider is notability; if the mechanic has secondary sources, it is probably notable enough to include. The article doesn't need to include every mechanic ever used (see WP:NOTGUIDE). While not aimed at tabletop games, I've found this guide on sourcing to be fairly useful in terms of overlap when considering sources for TTRPG/board games: WikiProject Video games/Sources. Sariel Xilo (talk) 21:26, 6 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Some secondary sources:
 * different types of probability as "colors of noise"
 * "power curve"
 * "area control/influence"
 * input and output randomness
 * conditional probability and mutual exclusivity
 * I do concede that the "cursed problems" section has a dearth of secondary sources, so I would be fine with leaving it excluded until further developments potentially arise. I hope that these are at least appropriate to get the majority of my edits back in order, homie. Tdmurlock (talk) 21:59, 6 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Thanks for rounding up some sources! I should have time tomorrow to do an in-depth review so I'll circle back then. Sariel Xilo (talk) 23:07, 6 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Notability applies to stand-alone articles, not as inclusion criteria for article content. The article indeed doesn't need every mechanic and such for many reasons, but this has nothing to do with notability. — HELL KNOWZ ∣ TALK 22:25, 6 March 2024 (UTC)
 * My understanding is that is true in general but game mechanics would fall under WP:NOTGUIDE which states: Avoid lists of gameplay concepts and items unless these are notable as discussed in secondary sources in their own right in gaming context. Isn't that policy based on notability? Sariel Xilo (talk) 23:06, 6 March 2024 (UTC)
 * No, it is not based on notability. WP:NOT is a policy. WP:N is a guideline. Policy comes before guideline. It is in fact WP:N that is based on WP:V, WP:RS and WP:NOT itself. And, sure, over the years it has all interconnected. And, yes, notability as such is a useful yardstick for inclusion criteria because having multiple reliable secondary sources is also partly what makes something notable. But it's not really notability that needs to be considered, but sourcing in general. I would not feel comfortable agreeing on such strict criteria for this article, which your wording implies. — HELL KNOWZ ∣ TALK 00:10, 7 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Totally get that cleaning up an article like this is a total pain; I'm actually going to tag that it needs to be rewritten because I don't have time for this type of project. If you think you can find sources and/or remove the existing OR, that would be great. I tackled Role-playing game terms a few years ago & it was a total slog; not sure if any of the sources there would be useful for you (some of them are academic and might have more useful info than just what was cited). Sariel Xilo (talk) 21:46, 6 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Will look into that, thank you! Tdmurlock (talk) 22:10, 6 March 2024 (UTC)

Possible split proposal
Split this article into two articles- Game mechanics and Game design theory. A lot of works on game design (Game Design: Theory & Practice, etc..) distinguish specifically between mechanics/mechanisms (such as turn structure, movement, area control, and so on) and game design theory (which includes notions like GNS). This was mentioned above by @Vapour and alluded to by @Delirium.

Specifically, I propose to remove the "Game mechanics vs. gameplay" and "Game mechanics vs theme" sections of this article and move them to this proposed "game design theory" article.

Here are some sources which employ the phrase "game design theory" in a fashion that is distinct from "mechanics/mechanisms".

Tdmurlock (talk) 01:36, 8 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Game mechanics


text:
Leonard T. Connors

Leonard T. Connors, Jr. (April 11, 1929 – December 4, 2016) was an American Republican Party politician who served in the New Jersey State Senate from 1982 to 2008, where he represented the 9th Legislative District. Previously he served on the Ocean County Board of Chosen Freeholders from 1977 to 1982, and was the Mayor of Surf City, New Jersey from 1966 to 2015.

Born in Jersey City and raised in Wood-Ridge, New Jersey, Connors graduated from Wood-Ridge High School before serving for two years in the United States Air Force.

Connors died on December 4, 2016, at the age of 87 at his home in Seacrest nursing home.

Career
In the 209th session, Connors sponsored Senate Bill No. 692, prohibiting possession or consumption of alcoholic beverages on private property by persons under legal drinking age. This bill amended P.L. 1979, c.264 (C.2C:33-15), which had banned underage consumption and possession only in motor vehicles and other public areas. In the 2006-08 session, Connors served on the Senate's State Government Committee and the Community & Urban Affairs Committee.

He announced in January 2007 that he would be retiring and would not be a candidate in 2007. Connors' son, Christopher J. Connors served in the New Jersey General Assembly where he also represents the 9th District, and succeeded him in the Senate in 2008.

title: Leonard T. Connors


text:
User:Evermail

Jason R. Johnston (born July 10, 1979 in McAllen, TX) is an American multi-award-winning cinematographer, director, producer, and editor of independent films.

Life and career
A multi-faceted independent filmmaker since childhood, Jason began his career in the television advertising industry in 1997, producing thousands of regional commercials for small businesses in southern Texas. Transitioning to feature films in 2007, Jason began work as a unit stills photographer, then camera assistant, then camera operator, on a few low budget feature films.

Progressing to cinematography in 2009 and working on several short films, Jason shot his first feature film as Director of Photography in 2010. By 2023, Jason has shot 7 feature films, 18 short films (directed 5 of them), 44 music videos (directed 30), competed in 18 timed filmmaking competitions (awarded 6 times for his cinematography), several of which became official selections, won awards, and gathered critical recognition, at film festivals across the world.

Personal life
A native Texan, Jason resides near Nashville, Tennessee where he works as a full-time freelance cinematographer or director on narrative feature films and short films, as well as music videos, advertisements, commercial documentaries, and broadcast television programs. He also dabbles in photography, drawing and painting, playing the piano, singing, and composing music and film scores.

Jason is primarily influenced by film directors Ridley Scott, Norman Jewison, Michael Mann, and Steven Spielberg; cinematographers Derek Vanlint, Jordan Cronenweth, Alex Thomson, Adrian Biddle, Oswald Morris, John Mathieson, Douglas Slocombe, Dean Cundey, Jan de Bont, Bill Butler, Michael Chapman, Allen Daviau, Vilmos Zsigmond, Geoffrey Unsworth, Vittorio Storaro, and Roger Deakins; as well as Baroque painters Rembrandt, Caravaggio, and Vermeer.

His favorite film is Jaws. Jason is Christian and regularly freelances for TBN. He is currently working on his first feature film as director.

title: User:Evermail


text:
User:Proof~enwiki

I'm cool.

title: User:Proof~enwiki


text:
Wikipedia talk:Peer review/Francis Ford Coppola/archive1

Didn't Steven Soderbergh also have two movies (Traffic, Erin Brokhovich) that were both nominated for Best Picture in 2001, hence competing for the same price?


text:
Indiana–Michigan State football rivalry

$$

The Indiana–Michigan State football rivalry is an American college football rivalry between the Indiana Hoosiers and Michigan State Spartans.

History
The Old Brass Spittoon is awarded to the winner of the game. It was first presented in 1950. This tradition was started by class president, Eugene McDermott of Allentown, PA.

Prior to the expansion of the Big Ten in 2011, there were stoppages in the series because the schools were not protected rivals in the rotating conference schedule (note no game in 1971 and 1972, 1979 and 1980, 1999 and 2000, and again in 2009 and 2010).

With the split of the Big Ten into divisions starting in 2011, Indiana and Michigan State were placed in separate divisions but were assigned as "cross-over" rivals, meaning they played each other every year. This arrangement lasted through the 2013 season. After the addition of Maryland and Rutgers into the Big Ten starting in 2014, the subsequent geographical realignment of the divisions placed both Indiana and Michigan State in the Big Ten East, assuring that the rivalry will be renewed annually.

title: Indiana–Michigan State football rivalry


text:
Brian Greenhoff

Brian Greenhoff (28 April 1953 – 22 May 2013) was an English footballer who played in the Football League for Manchester United, Leeds United and Rochdale. He was capped 18 times for England.

Manchester United
Greenhoff was born in Barnsley, and as a youngster played for Yorkshire Schoolboys. He joined Manchester United as a youth player in August 1968, and made his first-team debut against Ipswich Town on 8 September 1973. He helped Manchester United win the 1977 FA Cup, by which time he had developed a partnership with Martin Buchan in central defence. He was very versatile, starting his career as a midfielder and finishing it as a centre back of international class. Greenhoff scored 17 goals in his Manchester United career and played 271 games between 1973 and 1979. His brother, Jimmy, also played for Manchester United.

Greenhoff was brought to Manchester United as one of the last of the Busby Babes, scouted by Joe Armstrong - his childhood affinity with United, due to Barnsley born Tommy Taylor starring, played a huge role in persuading him to join the European Champions despite interest from the more local club Rotherham United, managed by Tommy Docherty. A succession of injuries prevented him from making his debut as a teenager until Docherty took over at Old Trafford. Upon greeting Greenhoff, Tommy exclaimed, "I've got you at last. The long way round, but I've got you at last." Following his debut at Portman Road, Greenhoff was essentially an ever-present, one of the most vital components of Docherty's exciting young team. Despite relegation in the 1973–74 season, Greenhoff's performances had been one of the few plusses, causing him to be named the Supporters Player of the Season.

Though used more often in midfield, Greenhoff was more comfortable playing at centre half - due to his talent on the ball and willingness to work hard for the team, he ended up being played in every position for the United first team - including in goal, when Alex Stepney was injured in a game at Birmingham City. Eventually Greenhoff was moved back into his preferred centre half position - by accident, according to Docherty, as his team were chasing a goal in a cup tie - and the modern United centre half was born. Disappointment in the 1976 FA Cup Final, where the image of a tearful Greenhoff being consoled by his manager became an iconic one, was followed by the best season of the player's career in 1976–77. A man of the match performance against Ajax in the UEFA Cup came in a strong start to the season, where he also became a regular at the heart of the defence in the England national team. In the 1977 FA Cup Final, it is commonly agreed that Greenhoff was the man of the match.

Leeds United
Greenhoff left for Leeds United in 1979 for £350,000, which at the time was a record transfer for anyone leaving Manchester United. He was given a free transfer when Leeds were relegated in 1982. During his time with Leeds there had been concerns expressed about his weight. He returned to the game as player-coach at Rochdale after his brother had been appointed player-manager in 1983. He left the club when Jimmy was sacked in March 1984 but stayed in the area.

International career
He won 18 caps for England, and appeared once for England B. Greenhoff played four times for the England under 23 team, scoring once and made his debut for England on 8 May 1976 in a 1–0 win at Ninian Park, Cardiff against Wales. His last game came on 31 May 1980 in a friendly against Australia at the Sydney Cricket Ground, Sydney.

Non-League football
Following his retirement from the professional game, Greenhoff coached semi-professionally at a local level and was also able to dedicate some time to his other sporting love, cricket, at a semi-professional level for Norden. His match-winning exploits in a local rivalry game against Heywood made the local press.

Retirement
After his retirement altogether from playing sports, Greenhoff was regularly seen in the media giving his thoughts on Manchester United. In 2012, he released his autobiography, GREENHOFF! with the title dedicated to the chant that was given to him by the Stretford End.

Death
On 22 May 2013, Greenhoff died at his home in Rochdale, England.

As a player
Manchester United
 * Football League Second Division: 1974–75
 * FA Cup: 1976–77; runner-up: 1975–76
 * FA Charity Shield: 1977

title: Brian Greenhoff


text:
GNCC

GNCC may refer to:
 * Grand National Cross Country
 * Grand National Curling Club
 * Georgian National Communications Commission

title: GNCC


text:
Talk:Los Angeles Marathon

Unknown Acronym
What is meant in the opening paragraph about "SRLA's colors"? What is SRLA and what does it have to do with the marathon? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.149.249.235 (talk) 23:21, 23 February 2008 (UTC)

Use of Statistics
The statistics were copied from http://www.lamarathon.com/2004/his-winners.php. I am uncertain if it is acceptable to leave the tables as is, or even if copying statistics such as these is acceptable in Wikipedia. Any suggestions? -Xanadu 21:01, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Dear Sir or Madam, I hope my edits to this article have addressed your problem. Thank you so much for your input. With your help, we can keep making Wikipedia a free encyclopedia that anyone can edit! --Cumbiagermen 11:32, 21 March 2006 (UTC)

Please stop the Wiki mantra. I find it demeaning.71.136.160.3 17:13, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

Official Website
WTF with the LA Marathon site going down? Bizarre! —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Mil8 (talk • contribs) 04:39, 5 March 2007 (UTC).
 * You are making too much hoopla out of the whole website issue. The LA Marathon website actually experiences a lot of downtime in the days following the race, so this isn't a new thing. In a couple of days or maybe a week at the most, the site will be up again, perhaps already containing the date for the 23rd race next year. --Cumbiagermen 06:36, 6 March 2007 (UTC)

I guess it would have had to link to Al Queda to be interesting.71.136.160.3 17:14, 9 March 2007 (UTC)

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: http://replay.waybackmachine.org/20100723182504/http://www.lamarathon.com/about-us/history/. Infringing material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. SFB 00:45, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

 * It appears as if this material was copied by someone associated with the running of the competition, as the official history appeared just three days before it was posted here. However, without explicit permission, the material is not compliant with Wikipedia's licensing. The official history should be a good starting point for referencing, but ideally this article should be written by someone independent from the subject. SFB 00:45, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

I re-added the Students Run LA article as this section was modifier and tweaked slightly. (Enough to avoid copyright...I hope :-D) CanadianLinuxUser (talk) 21:01, 13 March 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Los Angeles Marathon


text:
State variable filter

A state variable filter is a type of active filter in electronic circuits. It consists of one or more integrators, connected in some feedback configuration. It is essentially used when precise Q factor is required, as other multi-order filters are unable to provide. The most common implementation sums the input signal with its integral and its double integral, another is an MDAC based implementation.

Kerwin–Huelsman–Newcomb (KHN) biquad filter example
The example given below can produce simultaneous lowpass, highpass, and bandpass outputs from a single input. This is a second-order (biquad) filter. Its derivation comes from rearranging a high-pass filter's transfer function, which is the ratio of two quadratic functions. The rearrangement reveals that one signal is the sum of integrated copies of another. That is, the rearrangement reveals a state-variable-filter structure. By using different states as outputs, different kinds of filters can be produced. In more general state-variable-filter examples, additional filter orders are possible with more integrators (i.e., more states).

The signal input is marked Vin; the LP, HP and BP outputs give the lowpass, highpass, and bandpass filtered signals respectively.

For simplicity, we set:
 * $$R_{f1} = R_{f2}$$
 * $$C_1 = C_2$$
 * $$R_1=R_2$$

Then:
 * $$F_0 = \frac{1}{2\pi R_{f1}C_1}$$
 * $$Q = \left(1 + \frac{R_4}{R_q}\right)\left(\frac{1}{2+\frac{R_1}{R_g}}\right)$$

The pass-band gain for the LP and HP outputs is given by:
 * $$A_{HP} = A_{LP} = \frac{R_1}{R_g}$$

It can be seen that the frequency of operation and the Q factor can be varied independently. This and the ability to switch between different filter responses make the state-variable filter widely used in analogue synthesizers.

Values for a resonance frequency of 1 kHz are Rf1 = Rf2 = 10k, C1 = C2 = 15nF and R1 = R2 = 10k.

Applications
State variable filters are frequently used for modifying frequency response in audio signal processing. At low Q settings they are often used in parametric equaliser circuits, and at high or variable Q settings to create resonant filter modules in analog synthesizers. For manual control of frequency, Rf1 and Rf2 in the section above may be replaced by a dual potentiometer; and for voltage control, the devices U2 and U3 may be replaced by voltage controlled amplifiers or operational transconductance amplifiers.

title: State variable filter


text:
Super Star Wars: Return of the Jedi

Super Star Wars: Return of the Jedi, also known as Super Return of the Jedi, is a 1994 action video game developed by LucasArts and Sculptured Software and published by JVC Musical Industries for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System. It is a sequel to Super Star Wars (1992) and Super Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1993) and is based on the 1983 film Return of the Jedi. It was ported to the Game Boy and Game Gear by Realtime Associates, which were published by THQ in 1995. The game was re-released on the Wii Virtual Console in North America on September 7, 2009 and in PAL regions on October 16, 2009, alongside the other games in the Super Star Wars series.

Plot and gameplay
Super Star Wars: Return of the Jedi follows closely the standard set by the previous two Super Star Wars games, with the return of selectable characters (on specific levels), multiple playable characters and Mode 7 quasi-3D vehicle sequences. The controls are identical to the second game, and this installment also includes its predecessor's password save option. It loosely follows the plot of Return of the Jedi, with some added scenes, such as Luke Skywalker having to fight through the Death Star to get to The Emperor. In addition to the standard Luke Skywalker, Han Solo, and Chewbacca, Princess Leia and Wicket appear as playable characters.

Bosses include Jabba the Hutt, the Rancor beast, Darth Vader and The Emperor. Vehicle sequences include the Endor speeder bike chase, and a cruise in the Millennium Falcon. Luke Skywalker no longer has nine Force powers to work with but five and it is easier for him to "recharge" his abilities. He also cannot use any variation of the blaster in this game. Princess Leia is unique in that her appearance and playstyle changes in accordance with the plot. She uses a staff as the bounty hunter Boushh when approaching Jabba's palace, fights with a broken chain as Jabba's escaped slave on his sail barge, and wields a blaster when fighting on Endor as a Rebel leader.

Release
LucasArts released the game simultaneously with their other SNES title Indiana Jones' Greatest Adventures.

In 1996 THQ announced that they would re-release Super Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back and Super Star Wars: Return of the Jedi in February 1997 in order to coincide with the "Special Edition" of those films appearing in theaters. The re-release is identical to the original version. The re-release is missing the sticker on the back, opting instead for engraving on the cart itself

Reception
On release, Scary Larry of GamePro gave the Super NES version a mostly negative review. Though he praised the musical score, he criticized the game for frustrating controls, overly easy bosses, and particularly the level designs, which he said are repetitious and mostly feel like retreads of level designs from the two previous games in the series. In contrast, Electronic Gaming Monthly gave it an 8 out of 10, praising it for the "excellent" graphics and the need to move carefully through the levels. Famicom Tsūshin scored it a 23 out of 40.

GamePro's Coach Kyle found some flaws in the Game Boy version, such as the rudimentary backgrounds, but rated it "one of the year's most fun and challenging handheld games", particularly due to the diverse gameplay offered by the five playable characters. Quick-Draw McGraw gave the Game Gear similar praise in the same magazine, and said the graphics are nearly as good as the SNES version's. Power Unlimited gave the Game Boy version a score of 74% writing: "Quality game with long and difficult levels, although the overview on the small screen is sometimes lost. Also a challenge for the experienced platform player."

Super Return of the Jedi was awarded Best Movie-to-Game of 1994 by Electronic Gaming Monthly. EGM and GamePro both named it Best Game Gear Game of 1995. IGN placed the game as number 26 on their Top 100 SNES Games of All Time. They praised the game’s additional gameplay variety playing up to five characters compared to its predecessors. In 2018, Complex listed the game #67 on its "The Best Super Nintendo Games of All Time" saying the game is almost as great but not as difficult compared to its predecessors.

title: Super Star Wars: Return of the Jedi


text:
Talk:World map

World map
The World Map is from 2004 and needs updating - but I don't know the source for the larger (1.8 MB image). Seccon —Preceding unsigned comment added by Seccon (talk • contribs) 21:54, 27 September 2007 (UTC)

The introduction picture isn't an accurate "Map of the World" as claimed. I tried to fix the definition but it seems that I've been blocked. Apparently someone thinks that an incomplete and unauthentic old map would supposedly add "depth" to the article. 83.228.36.247 (talk) 06:34, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

 * I’m not sure what you mean by “unauthentic”, but yes, the title could at least be informative. I’ll make it informative. Strebe (talk) 21:13, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Upside down map
If someone could find australian world map (upside down) and japanese/chinese world map (cut in the atlantic instead of the pacific) I think that would make this article much more interesting!!! Yeh it would!!!!!

(I'm french I dont write much on the english wikipedia)

ZeroJanvier 21:02, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * There's one at ja:??:WorldMap_jaII.png and one at ja:??:WorldMap_jaII.png, I don't know what they're licenced under though. -- Joolz 13:26, 18 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, those links didn't work, but you can find them by going to the japanese version of this article (linked) -- Joolz 13:31, 18 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Also at Reversed map

 * (1) start graphics program
 * (2) load world map
 * (3) hit 'rotate' button twice
 * (4) and there is your upside down map. Kransky (talk) 11:21, 31 December 2007 (UTC)

Map of the World - the Book
"Map of the World" should not redirect to this, as there is a very well known novel by that title. Pacian 02:38, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Does it have an article here? --Astrokey 44 03:37, 3 June 2006 (UTC)

Is there such a Projection as this?:
What about another projection, what I call a "Azimuthal Skirt Projection"; taking a view from either the north or south pole like an Azimuthal, though continuing to the opposite pole.

Are you sure you're not thinking of a Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection? It seems pretty close to what you're talking about, unless I'm missing the point completely.
 * ☭ Zippanova  05:23, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

MiddleForkMaps
06 December 2006 WorldMapServer.net continues to strive to provide useful map resources and search tools. It would like to have itself reconsidered for inclusion in the Wikipedia resources associated with 'World Map.' Middleforkmaps 03:17, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

 * ok sure, ill put it in and see what happens. Im particularly impressed with the country subdivisions which mostly arent on google maps --Astrokey 44 04:06, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

I have been informed that my inclusion of an external link to worldmapserver.net violated the 'sites-you-own' Wikipedia policy. I am thus inviting the maintainer of this page to either remove the worldmapserver link or affirm its inclusion. Thank you for your forebearance.

(later) I have noted that the worldmapserver link has been deleted. I accept this based upon the 'sites-you-own' policy, which I admittedly (though innocently) violated. Middleforkmaps 01:54, 22 November 2006 (UTC)

World map with different projections
Is there an (external/internal) link showing world maps created with different kind of map projections so that one can compare them visually. Vjdchauhan 10:15, 4 December 2006 (UTC).

 * map projection would be a good place to start. ¦ Reisio 13:31, 4 December 2006 (UTC)

Variations
I have taken out the unsubstantiated claim that Australia and New Zealand use a reversed world map. Please provide evidence / references for this claim if you wish to include this statement. I am New Zealand born and educated and my wife is Australian born and educated and this article is the first time we have heard of a reversed map. --HдLϋcń8 08:27, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
 * „Different from the world map used in Western Hemisphere, in East Asian countries, such as China, Japan and Korea, along with in Australia and New Zealand, another map is used which places American continents on the right, Europe and Africa on the left, and Asia-Pacific countries roughly on the centre.“

 * Please please provide an example. (grafic/picture) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.235.73.33 (talk) 16:35, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

history
This page is in serious need of a "history" section (unless one exists elsewhere on wikipedia?). I wouldn't know where to start with one, but I'd love to read one. --Dtcdthingy 23:46, 18 October 2005 (UTC)

I think that's a great idea, but I'm in the same boat. I'd love to see how different cultures interpreted the world through maps at different times in their histories.
 * ☭ Zippanova  05:02, 31 May 2006 (UTC)
 * There was recently a big deal about who made the first complete world map. It was long assumed that it was some European in the 1500s, but it looks like the Chinese had some maps that showed each side of every continent before even Columbus set out.  If someone knows more about that it should defiantly go in the article.  --Arctic Gnome (talk • contribs) 02:00, 20 September 2007 (UTC)

Can somebody explain
Why when i use this map, the black copy, on paint, the only colors i get are white, black, and grey? --Jakezing (talk) 17:18, 13 August 2008 (UTC)

The Replacement which was replaced
Does anyone knowthe name of the file/image of the exact same world map with blue water & the actual ground tan? Or if anyone knows of a map with a more "accurate" Mediterranean area that would be greatly appreciated. Kostantino888Z (talk) 21:10, 15 January 2009 (UTC)

The Blank Copy of the map
Ok, lets face something, the colors are not all the same, If i remember its the northern two pixels of Luxembourg, a small section of Saudi Arabia near UAE and a pixel in Manchuria. Small issues but they've been there for a long time. --Ssteiner209 (talk) 23:54, 18 March 2009 (UTC)

Missing sea...
In the first map of the first gallery (the map subtitled Mercator projection in the gallery titled Projections) the Caspian Sea... is missing! Can anybody work on the image and restore in it the Caspian Sea? I personally don't know how to do it... Kintaro-san (talk) 22:27, 24 May 2009 (UTC)

Welcome to the WORLD MAPS
World Maps Welcome to the WORLD MAPS

World Maps is the web where you search for any world map for any part of the world. World Maps has tried to cover the world in various groupings, travel maps showing various destinations within a particular country; and many more map themes. Also you have the possibility to view the FLAGS of the world in our section "World Flags" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 111.125.251.244 (talk) 06:29, 26 October 2009 (UTC)

Pacific-centric map
I added a thumbnail of a blank Pacific-centric map to the article. This Japanese map would be a better example, but unfortunately its license status is unclear. --Keith111 (talk) 05:26, 8 January 2010 (UTC)

Capitalization consistency
Which is it? Although the Earth is normally capitalized, the former nevertheless looks kind of funky to me. I'm inclined to think that the latter is correct: world government rather than World government - but I'm not 100% certain. Or maybe neither is wrong, like color versus colour. --Keith111 (talk) 20:43, 8 January 2010 (UTC)
 * Is it a World map and a map of the World?
 * Or is it a world map and a map of the world?

The Wikipedia Manual of Style (look here and here) suggests that earth should be capitalized in an astronomical context, but doesn't specifically address world. --Keith111 (talk) 08:26, 10 January 2010 (UTC)

Link spam
Esperanto41 has restored the following links, none of which meet Wikipedia’s guidelines for inclusion. I have deleted them again, and will continue to. These quotes are from External_links and other guidelines on that page. Note also that Long lists of links are not acceptable.

This link may qualify, but not on the English edition of Wikipedia.
 * http://www.artlib.ru/index.php?id=11&idp=0&fp=2&uid=532&idg=0&user_serie=1667

This link is not information about world maps. It is just a commercial site offering a few low resolution world maps for free, plus some advertising. There are thousands of such sites. It fails WP:ELYES and WP:ELMAYBE. Off topic. The site is about map projections, not world maps, and it is about only a tiny subset of map projections. For both reasons, it’s not relevant to an article about world maps. We cannot have links to sites dedicated to each different map projection for world maps; that would violate Long lists of links are not acceptable. The site is already linked to from more relevant articles. This link is nothing but an advertisement for a commercial site. Strictly forbidden. Links to web pages that primarily exist to sell products or services, or to web pages with objectionable amounts of advertising. Blog not written by notable authority. ''Links to blogs, personal web pages and most fansites, except those written by a recognized authority. (This exception for blogs, etc, controlled by recognized authorities is meant to be very limited; as a minimum standard, recognized authorities always meet Wikipedia's notability criteria for people.)''
 * http://www.atlapedia.com/online/mapresources.htm
 * http://www.genekeyes.com/CAHILL_GALLERY/Cahill_Gallery_Thumb_Index.html
 * http://www.odtmaps.com/
 * http://ancientworldmaps.blogspot.com/ Ancient World Maps

Strebe (talk) 17:42, 20 April 2011 (UTC)

Esoteric Map Deleted?
My esoteric map was deleted, here is proof of its land formation. Why was it deleted but not the fisher price blob of a kids toy water map laurentia. That map looks like it would be pretty impossible. Sorry i live on earth not dream land.

Here is my map:
 * « deleted »

Here is proof of the geological formation from google earth:

 * « deleted »

Here is a close up of the formation of Antarctica

 * « deleted »

 * Please familiarize yourself with WP:OR and WP:NOTABLE. Thanks. Strebe (talk) 19:01, 4 August 2012 (UTC)

In defense of worthwhile links
I grew up with the National Geographic whose motto speaks of the 'increase and diffusion of knowledge'. It is sad to see a mindset in Wikipedia which tends toward the decrease and restriction of knowledge: in this instance, worthwhile links being deleted in a manner contrary to spirit if not the letter of Wikipedia. I concurred with omitting the Times Atlas link, which was only advertising. But ODT, which is indeed a commercial site, specializes in unusual world maps that might not be seen elsewhere in one Internet locale. ODT deserves to stay. The Russian site captions are bilingual, with English, and need not be excluded on such a narrow criterion. (Even if it was all Cyrillic, there is such a thing as Google Translate. It is unseemly, on a "world" map page, to put up language fences.) And deleting the "ancientworldmaps" seems an especially egregious instance of elitism, using the phrase "notable authority" as a shibboleth. Is there a comparable website with a comparable set of such ancient world maps? If so, it should be linked. If not, let us keep this notable link. Esperanto41 (talk) 02:30, 21 April 2011 (UTC)

 * The deletions accord with both spirit and letter of Wikipedia policy as stated in WP:ELYES and WP:ELMAYBE. Links meeting those criteria are the only kinds of external links that may be included. None of the deleted links meets those criteria. The Wikipedia policies and guidelines exist so that editors don’t have to waste time on these sorts of subjective, irreconcilable, and therefore pointless debates.

 * In the case of links, one of the reasons for the policies is that a big pile of links is worse than useless: It dilutes and therefore obscures links to the material most relevant to the article.

 * The appeal for ODT’s link is particularly indefensible. It should be obvious there is no fair metric by which commercial sites could be allowed or prohibited.

 * The Russian site’s captions are in English but the maps themselves are in Russian. Google Translate does nothing to help that. Combined with the fact that it’s a blog site, it is not dedicated solely to world maps, and that there are hundreds of other sites that could claim inclusion on similar tenuous grounds, it just has no case for being included in the list of links.

 * Can we please not waste time on rubbish like “…worthwhile links being deleted in a manner contrary to spirit if not the letter of Wikipedia…” and “…using the phrase "notable authority" as a shibboleth.” This sort of sophistry is neither clever nor persuasive. It is only disingenuous. The deletions are exactly what Wikipedia intends by their guidelines, as is abundantly clear to anyone who reads them. I’ve used the phrase notable authority exactly as it was intended as is also abundantly clear from the same text: “…as a minimum standard, recognized authorities always meet Wikipedia's notability criteria for people.” Minimum standard does not mean disregard this if you want, and always does not mean sometimes and in particular it does not mean only when it suits User:Esperanto41.

 * Strebe (talk) 06:00, 21 April 2011 (UTC)

The question remains: what is so un-notable about the "ancientworldmaps" link? And is there a preferable page? We are not discussing a long list of links; this is a very short list. As for citing an "authority", it is well known that such a term is subject to endless abuse and elasticity, whether the field is jurisprudence, economics, or academe in general. I have my own complaints about the "ancientworldmaps" site -- its lack of source notes, and its black background -- but lack of notableness is not one of them. It provides large images of world maps from a large span of centuries. What's wrong with that? To call it "spam" is mis-use of the word, both as to the intent and content of such a page. Esperanto41 (talk) 14:38, 21 April 2011 (UTC)

 * Please read External_links and follow the link describing “Wikipedia's notability criteria for people”. You and I have no information about the “notability” of the ancientworldmaps site or the reliability of its content. It doesn’t matter how nice it looks. Alternatives are the academic institute collections already linked to. As for “long”, please read the guidlines on the same page, which specifically state the list of links should be SHORT. Particularly for an article the size and shallowness of this one, even what is left is too much. Strebe (talk) 18:47, 21 April 2011 (UTC)

Clickable world map
User:Northamerica1000 keeps adding Template:Clickable world map to the top of the page. It already exists in the World_map section. Furthermore the map is broken in any number of ways depending on which browser you use. Nor is it a particularly useful piece of cartography. There is no consistency in type size and choice, making the map worse than useless in many cases. For example, Sahara shows in the same typeface, color, and size as names of nations. This insistence on injecting the link at the top of the page seems like a promotional effort for the map than like an effort to improve the article. Strebe (talk) 23:26, 16 July 2011 (UTC)

Sygad1's map
I have added a link to the external links section and it has been removed without any notification as to why it was considered inappropriate.

I have read the external links guidelines and believe I do not fall foul of those guidelines, I have asked for no money, no registration, no plugins and the page I created has no advertising, it is a genuine effort to offer free and useful tools to people like myself who design and build web pages that contain world maps, if this free giving of effort and information is not in the spirit of wikipedia then I am lost for words what the external links section is for if not to expand on the subject matter.

I am going to reinstate the link, please be polite enough to contact me if you choose to remove this link, I would like to know the reasoning.

Thankyou — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sygad1 (talk • contribs) 15:06, 28 October 2012 (UTC)

 * Please add a new section when adding a new topic on Talk pages.

 * Why I deleted your link:
 * Your material does not contribute information to the article or provide any citations or fundamentally novel reference material; rather, it is a resource for people needing a graphical world map. Wikipedia is not a repository of of links, images, or media files. Wikimedia Commons is a more appropriate venue for your link.
 * It is impossible to discern from your Web page what the license for use is.
 * Your edit replaced, within minutes, some other link that appears to be spam or at best useless, so its intent and origin was confusing. (Useless because it was just a copy of the CIA Factbook map but stripped of outer boundary so that the projection became undiscernible and even misleading.)
 * The maps you provide have some use for some people in the graphic design world, but they are not suited to cartographic work because they do not provide the graticule, do not give any information about the projection, have unknown provenance and accuracy, lack a boundary and polar regions, and are not equal-area and therefore are not suited to thematic mapping.
 * Strebe (talk) 22:59, 28 October 2012 (UTC)

@Strebe,

Thankyou for taking the time to reply about the removal of my link.

I do however, wish to clarify and ask a few further questions if you have the time to help.

Point 1 I appreciate wikipedia is not a repository of links, this is why I specifically added my link to the external links section.

Point 2 I have no license in place for my content, could I bother you for some guidance on this issue, this is very new to me and I defer to your knowledge and experience.

Point 3 I apologise if I accidentally removed any functionality, I did indeed copy and edit a link.

Point 4 The other external links that have been accepted, I do not feel satisfy the conditions outlined in this point, the pan and zoom, is effectively a variation of what I have offered, in as much it is a web pages with map information, it shows only 1 polar region and I couldn't see any information regarding cartographic accuracy or license references, this is in essence, a map which can be zoomed and nothing else.

The World maps in PDF format link goes to page which doesn't even have a map on it, again, I could't see any reference to cartographic accuracy of license information.

Appreciating the spirit of "ignore all rules" mantra of wikipedia and having also believed I fulfilled the criteria for suitable inclusion in the external links section, might I ask you reconsider my inclusion back to this section.

When searching wikipedia for maps of the world, it is often people like me and my colleagues who are looking for a map that we can use in web pages, I have, I provided an additional level of value to this page by adding a free resource.

As you can see on my page, there is a wealth of information regarding maps, the Illustrator file has every country named on each layer, a file I have searched a considerable amount of time for and resorted to making my own, to which my only request is that I be allowed to share the fruits of my hard work.

I look forward to hearing from you and moving this topic forward — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sygad1 (talk • contribs) 08:38, 29 October 2012 (UTC)

 * It does not matter where in the article you had put the link. In fact External Links is the only place you could put it even if it contributed well to the article; external links are not allowable in the body of an article.
 * Please see this page. Pick the license that best expresses your intent.
 * You happened to have replaced a link that was not acceptable in any case.
 * Several other links are probably not acceptable either, but in any case the reason I have not deleted the interactive map, for example, is because it is a functioning web page, not a download for someone to build their own website.
 * Ignore all the rules means do what’s necessary to improve an article. It’s the question of “improvement” that is at issue here. The guidelines do not agree that the purpose of Wikipedia is to provide links to Web-site creation resources.

 * Again, please see Wikimedia Commons. That is a much more appropriate venue for your material. The article World map is supposed to be an encyclopædia article about the practice and history of world mapping, not a repository of stuff related to world maps. It is a very poor article by Wikipedia standards. Adding links to non-scholarly stuff does not improve it. Strebe (talk) 06:52, 30 October 2012 (UTC)

 * Hi Sygad, you might find that the digital cartography tutorials (mostly from Yug at WikiProject Maps) might be of interest. And (not having explored the link) you might find some place in map workshops or similar where access to your link would be more value.

File:World Map 1689.JPG to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:World Map 1689.JPG will be appearing as picture of the day on September 18, 2013. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2013-09-18. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page. Thanks! — Crisco 1492 (talk) 01:04, 4 September 2013 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the notice, Crisco 1492. I am confused about this. I fixed the erroneous date in the blurb, but mostly I don’t understand why the image was added to this article. It’s a pretty image, but the article wasn’t supposed to be a collection of random map images. Antique map images are limitless. The one already in the article is of much greater historical importance. Should we be adding an image just because it is slated for Picture of the Day even if it doesn’t really contribute to the article’s purpose? Strebe (talk)
 * I readded (this was in the article for a good while; check the history) the image only until the POTD has run. Otherwise, we'd have to try and create a blurb around another article this map is used in, either the cartographer (barely anything known about him) or history of world navigation (where the relevance is not clear); this is because pictures of the day must be in the article which is bolded. If you and/or the other main editors of this article disagree with a temporary usage of the map (i.e. until after the 18th), then I will structure the blurb around another article. — Crisco 1492 (talk) 23:34, 4 September 2013 (UTC)

 * No, that’s fine, and thanks for the information. If the image needs a host article, this is a reasonable fit. Strebe (talk) 03:42, 5 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Thanks. No worries about removing after this article's been on the main page, if you so desire. — Crisco 1492 (talk) 05:12, 5 September 2013 (UTC)

Formatting and content edits
Concerning these edits:
 * The van Schagen map should not be the lede image; it is not a map of great historical importance. The Ortelius map is.
 * The edits made to the Winkel tripel description are incoherent. It has nothing to do with Mollweide.
 * The 249 px setting for the larger images is arbitrary.
 * The “countries by skin color” map is not representative of any theme common in the literature and has problems in description and context.
 * Moving the Ortelius map to the Historical Maps section resulted in orphaning the word “Anaximander” because of a faulty edit.

I have moved the Schagen map to Historical Maps for now, since it needs a home for awhile, and reverted most of the rest of the edits. Moving the Pacific-centric map to the Projections section is reasonable, but was also reasonable where it was in the Thematic section. Strebe (talk) 04:09, 27 September 2013 (UTC)
 * I am inclined to favor the Van Schagen map on this issue, because as the sectin above this one states, it was a featured image; both methods used the same map, it's inherently related, however, maybe to keep both separated is the best option, this is, moving the largest tumbnail back to the heading section so it looks less messy; the issue with the tumbnail size is absolutely trivial, and it's about how the images fit better without invading the space of other sections, that's all. as for the maps you removed, please explain what part you found particulary confusing so i can expand it or focus on it, bot just remove it. It also would be good if you explain which is the particular reason of the template being up, i don't see any problem with the sources currently in use. Czixhc (talk) 23:46, 27 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Czixhc, you know very well that the consenus at RSN is that your skin colour map can't be verified by a reliable source. You agreed to accept this consensus when your behaviour was raised at ANI. I have removed your map from this article, please don't put it up again or I will be forced to reopen the ANI case. Tobus2 (talk) 11:12, 28 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Tobus, you've clearly misunderstood and need to catch up with the resolution of the ANI discussion. First i already accepted my mystake and i'm not insisting on using it on migration topics, however as that same diff states, the map was found to be very situable for topics regarding cartography (for it's creator having multiple publications and installations on the field of cartography ). That was the conclusion of the discussion at ANI . If i were trying to put it up on migration articles, then i would be breaking my own word, but this isn't the case, what i am doing here is to use it where it is completely situable and nothing else. I hope this is enough to clear up all your doubts. Have a nice day, all of you. Czixhc (talk) 23:27, 28 September 2013 (UTC)
 * replied at User_talk:Tobus2 Tobus2 (talk) 00:09, 29 September 2013 (UTC)

 * Aside from the myriad problems already dealt with by the RSN discussion, there is the further problem of WP:UNDUE. This map is not a normal topic for thematic maps. It’s marginal and possibly unique. Placing it in the article takes space that properly belongs to maps that are more representative of the topic. Strebe (talk) 03:03, 29 September 2013 (UTC)

 * And he's back at WP:RSN saying that the issue is whether Hagos is an expert on cartography and that Hagos's personal web page at Oxford Brookes which Hagos has written shows that his university considers him an expert in - I'm not sure what this time. Dougweller (talk) 11:27, 29 September 2013 (UTC)

 * Czixhc's copy of the Hagos map is not RS for anything. Hagos himself makes it entirely clear that it is a work of art, not science (the 'data' has no cited source other than Hagos's imagination - and no credible scientist would publish data without citing sources, describing the methodology etc). As such, the map has no place in any Wikipedia article. AndyTheGrump (talk) 14:44, 29 September 2013 (UTC)

First image
Why an old, outdated, image is used as the first most important picture of the article? If you go to an article of a flag of a country for example, not an old and outdated flag is shown, (of course, because it's outdated). And so is this picture. Of course this picture should be used in the article for the history of the world map, but I don't think it's the best image reflecting world map. Sander.v.Ginkel (talk) 18:25, 13 August 2014 (UTC)

 * The Ortelius map has greater historical significance than any other map on the page. The article is not about the present state of the world presented in map form. It is as about world maps as a topic. Strebe (talk) 02:47, 15 August 2014 (UTC)

Collage of countries in their actual shapes and proportions
Include such "map" in the article - if there is such "map" at all. (Word 'map' in quotes because it would just be a collection of all the countries in their correct proportions, shapes and sizes (for comparison) on a blank surface roughly mimicking their relative positions as on standard rectangular maps - surely with huge gaps between countries - especially around very large countries such as Russia etc.) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.150.100.27 (talk) 16:15, 2 February 2016 (UTC)
 * That is a cartogram. Strebe (talk) 19:06, 2 February 2016 (UTC)

Day/night map
I used to have a screen saver (on a 1990s PC) of a map of the world (Mercator projection) which showed day and night and was updated every minute. I have also seen mechanical version of this but I can find no reference to this kind of map. Can anyone help with a name or reference for this type of map, please?

 * Such a map is called a “day/night terminator map”. You can find a bazillion hits on the Internet by searching on day-night map. Strebe (talk) 22:06, 1 October 2017 (UTC)

Modern map
Maybe I have missed something, but is there a reason why there isn't any modern map with the name of the countries on it? Yaḥyā  (talk) 14:30, 2 December 2017 (UTC)
 * Seems I did miss something, it was hidden in the thematic section. I guess a map of 16th century is more relevant on the introduction of the article. :) Yaḥyā  (talk) 15:36, 2 December 2017 (UTC)

World map URL from CIA's world factbook changed
The current one 404s, but this page is protected. New address is: https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/maps/world-regional/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2001:910:103A:0:76D4:35FF:FE8D:C659 (talk) 08:51, 22 November 2021 (UTC)

 * I deleted the link. There doesn’t seem to be the equivalent world map anymore. Strebe (talk) 18:40, 22 November 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:World map


text:
Wicked World

Wicked World may refer to:
 * The Wicked World, a play by W. S. Gilbert
 * Wicked World (2009 film), a 2009 film by Barry J. Gillis
 * Wicked World Records, a UK record company
 * "Wicked World" (Black Sabbath song)
 * "Wicked World" (Cold song)
 * "Wicked World" (Daniel Johnston song), a song by Daniel Johnston from Songs of Pain
 * Descendants: Wicked World a 2015 animated TV series

title: Wicked World


text:
Talk:Danzan-ryū

New Section
JA (Jujitsu America) and The AJJF govern 'sport' versions of DZR as well. But the main branch of DZR that focuses solely on application and taught from Profs. Okazaki and Kufferaths direct notes is governed by Kodenkan Jujutsu in Santa Clara, CA. ytf

Actually there are ten or more branches of Danzan, including ones in Costa Rica and Europe

Changed definition to Honolulu
A quick linguistic note: The character 檀 actually means sandalwood, not cedar. 檀山 (Pinyin: tánshān) actually means Honolulu, not Hawaii (夏威夷, Pinyin: xiàwēiyí). In modern Chinese, it is more commonly written "檀香山" (Pinyin: tánxiāng shān). However, 檀山 is still used. A-cai 06:18, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

BJJ More Popular Than Danzan Ryu?
I believe Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu is more popular in the United States than Danzan Ryu. A quick google search shows 1,050,000 hits for BJJ and 30,800 for DR. Amazon.com shows 32 books for BJJ and nothing for DR. Since there is no conclusive proof either way, I am removing that phrase from this article and not inserting it into BJJ article. - Jimmy C. 22:38, 25 March 2006 (UTC)

The number of hits or books does not always equate to number of practitioners. 198.212.208.14 (talk) 21:44, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

Bob McKean’s “Is It Danzan Ryu Jujitsu” article suggests a total of 7,500 DZR students; but with no source, and caveats regarding just how to define “DZR,” which could affect his count. Then of course there’s the issue of finding a comparable number for BJJ.

My knee-jerk response is that in Southern California, I see places claiming to teach BJJ (that definitional issue again?) all over the place, whereas one must seek out DZR dojos. Jdickinson (talk) 05:53, 11 June 2022 (UTC)

First to teach westerners?
There were westerners training in Japan in the late 1800s. There were westerners with black belts before Okazaki ever began teaching. Okazaki *may* have been the first *in Hawaii* to permit other races to train without prejudice, but there were many others who did so in Europe, America, and Japan decades earlier. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.111.228.102 (talk • contribs)

Christian JuJitsu
Master Okazaki was one of the few Asian martial arts masters who converted from Buddhism and Shinto to Christianity. This is well documented. The first person to state this on multiple occasions was Prof. Bud Estes, a founder of the AJJF. Hachiro Okazaki told the Okazaki Biographical Reasearch Team in 1978 and it is on tape and in their notes. Esther Takamoto, Okazaki's daughter, also verified it. In fact she testified that every Sunday, Okazaki would tuck his Bible under his arm and walk to church. This is also on tape and in the official notes.

Prof. Estes in his private teaching of the "Okugi" with Prof. Edwards was explicit that these "arts" are from Christ and the Holy Bible. One of the first assignments Prof. Estes gave to Prof. Edwards and Prof. Ball was to read the book of Matthew in the Holy Bible, underline the miracles, and be prepared to discuss them at the next meeting.

A simple note about Okazaki's christianity would be fine here, but this article should focus more on the style. More in depth information on Okazaki's beliefs should go under his biographical article User5802 08:46, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

Namba Shoshin Ryu, Iwagu Ryu, & Kosogabe Ryu
The wikipedia article repeats the oft-quoted (within Danzan Ryu circles) history that Okazaki returned to Japan in the 1920's and "underwent a study of the various schools, or 'ryu' of the most popular Jujutsu styles of the times: Yoshin Ryu, Namba-shoshin Ryu, Iwaga Ryu, Kosogabe Ryu, Kodokan Judo and several others." Kodokan judo and Yoshin Ryu are well known, but what about the other three? Nobody seems to have heard of these (except self-referentially when talking about the arts Okazaki studied). I think somebody either needs to find out more about these three styles of jujitsu or at least note in a footnote that essentially nothing seems to be known (at least in the West) about these three arts. To claim they are a major part of the foundation of Danzan Ryu with absolutely no evidence they existed (other than Okazaki saying they did) seems inadequote for wikipedia. Jrdx 20:20, 13 September 2006 (UTC)

To my knowledge Okazaki NEVER claimed those arts were a MAJOR part of the foundation of Danzan-ryu. Whoever told you that is probably running their mouth. He most likely did study all of those arts, (and yes more research should be done on that), but I believe like any great martial artist, he took what he saw as useful and discarded the rest. Instead, improving where and what he saw could be improved. It's ridiculous to think Okazaki said he took an entire 5 martial arts and stuffed them into one. Only a self-serving individual would even try to say something like that. Okazaki's character can easily be validated for as the president often visited him for work and Okazaki was one of the first japanese martial arts instructors to allow individuals from all nationalities to train at his studio basically gaving the finger to Japanese Racism at the time. --nuff said User5802 09:00, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Here is some information gathered on Nanpa-Shoshin-ryu Jujitsu
 * A Mr. Sadao Sakamoto recalled there being a Nanpa-Shoshin Ryu Ju-Jitsu School active in Pepeekeo Hawaii, under the instruction of Mr. Hamai around 1918. This is exactly where and when Okazaki was studying Yoshin-Ryu Ju-Jitsu at the Hilo Shinyu-Kai in 1918. Most likely this is the source of Okazaki's Nanpa-Shoshin Ryu, there is no "Namba Shoshin Ryu" indeed.
 * link

 * Information on Kosogabe-ryu or perhaps Kosogabu-ryu is much more sparce. A Grandmaster Chinda of Pittsburg Pennsylvania studied Kosogabe Ryu under either Peter Nehls or Frank Piaskovy in Europe. He would probably be a good resource on information pertaining to Kosogabe-ryu. His email and the details about his training are on his site Chinda Dojo

 * Kosogabu-ryu is listed as a known style of Jujitsu in the noted author John Corcoran's Martial Arts Sourcebook at link.

 * Not sure how to contact John, but he may have some useful information. He also wrote "The Original Martial Arts Encyclopedia." This could have something useful in it also.

 * One more note on Kosogabe is located here

 * It tells of the Soga-be in the Kagami and Nagaoka districts, Tosa province, combining the "ka" of Kagami to create Kosogabe.

 * The least information I've been able to gather is on Iwaga-ryu. Note: "Iwagu ryu" here appears to be incorrect.

 * Iwaga-ryu is also listed in the same Sourcebook by John Corcoran here.

 * But that is the only reference I can find to the style.
 * Iwagasaki is located on the Sanhasama River and you can read about it here.
 * Iwagasaki is about 160 miles from where Okazaki was born in Japan.

 * Date, Fukushima, where Okazaki was born was at one point ruled by the Date clan who also ruled Iwate. Although I can't find any reference to an Iwate-ryu.

User5802 12:14, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Could Iwaga-Ryu be a mispelling of Iwama-Ryu? Wikipedia has an entry for this extinct aikido style.

198.212.208.14 (talk) 21:40, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

Internment?
I have studied for 14 years in several schools of jujitsu which trace their lineage to Okazaki and the history I was taught was that he was briefly arrested and released. Okazaki had friends in high places--he was one of Roosevelt's favored physical therapists and was assisting some of his students in developing a hand-to-hand combat curriculum for the Army that eventually became Field manual FM-21-150. "Internment" is not consistent with the fact that the Evacuation Order (Executive Order 9066), eventually applied to about 1/3 of the continental US (by population) was never applied to Hawaii. As far as detention of any length, it looks like we have statements of his senior students saying he was taken in for questioning but never arrested and a Freedom of Information Act request showing no record of his detention vs. the recollection of his daughter Imi that she visited him "at least twice" in prison. Someone needs to research this question and find a most likely answer as to whether or not he was detained and if for how long. He was certainly not "interned" in the normal sense of being one of the classes subject to the evacuation order, being a minor child of someone subject to the evacuation order, or voluntarily accompanying relatives subject to the evacuation order. 12.10.223.247 02:37, 30 June 2007 (UTC)

EO9066 did not apply to Hawaii, only the mainland. Hawaii was under martial law after 12/7/41. Someone tried to assert that the military went to every Japanese household to coerce confessions to espionage in return for not being interned. This is absurd on its face. It would be interesting to find out some *real* facts about any detention of Okazaki, but they should be backed by actual documentation. Ungrounded rumor, hearsay, and flights-of-fancy should not be appended to this article. FM 21-150 has no DZR in it at all, as far as I can see. Rickerts appears in some Air Force H2H manuals of the 1950s, and they no doubt did plenty of H2H at the Army & Navy YMCA, but no DZR ended up in FM 21-150. (unsigned)

The Journal of Non-Lethal Combatives, August 2000 states that the "The American Judo Club" mentioned in FM 21-150 Section 1-5 is what later came to be called Danzan-ryu. Also check out the WWII entry at Danzan.com. It specifically names Sig Kufferath as playing a key role in FM 21-150. 216.9.182.249 (talk) 18:32, 17 May 2008 (UTC)

Sig may have done a lot of H2H instructing during the war, but it never got into FM21-150. The most cursory examination of that manual reveals glaring inconsistencies w/ DZR practice. The history section mentions *only* Kano, not Okazaki, and the "American Judo Club"referred to was located in New York City (!) 128.111.228.101 (talk) 14:16, 22 June 2008 (UTC)

Can you link to a published source that contradicts Journal of Non-Lethal Combatives article or Danzan.com or is that original research? 216.9.182.249 (talk) 06:08, 5 September 2008 (UTC)

Errr... if "original research" means reading FM21-150 and understanding the plain meaning of the text, then yeah. It's available online; take a look for yourself. I've also corresponded with Joe Svinth on this matter. You might ask him his current views, if you're interested. 128.111.228.102 (talk) 08:00, 18 January 2009 (UTC)

I started this subtopic in June 2007. The part about FM-21-150 was definitely in the tradition handed down to me (studied under John Nelson, HJS (Beach/Limbaugh), Shoshin Ryu (Medlin)). I recall both Nelson and Limbaugh saying this. I have now come to the conclusion that it is wrong and there is little to no DZR in FM-21-250. Meanwhile the article now states he was interned for 6 months! I was told arrested for two weeks. 208.115.147.120 (talk) 09:49, 11 January 2010 (UTC)

Jujitsu America
Jujitsu America is one of the largest organizations for Danzan-ryu Jujitsu in the United States. Currently the administrators of Wikipedia are not allowing a link www.jujitsuamerica.org to be posted under this articles external links. In contrast, The International Judo Federation freely has an external link under Wikipedia's judo article judo. The explanations I have gotten from the members at Wikipedia, and it's Martial Arts Committee are:

1.) Danzan-ryu is a person not a style of Martial Art!

2.) Jujitsu America has nothing to do with Danzan-ryu.

3.) The Jujitsu America website was solely created to make money.

4.) Jujitsu America is trying to promote itself by having a link in Wikipedia.

Please respond to this posting and help allow external links to major Danzan-ryu organizations to be posted within this article.User5802 00:54, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

 * This issue has been resolved. Jujitsu America may now have an external link in the article danzan-ryuUser5802 02:01, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

Point #1 is incorrect. Danzan-Ryu is the name of the style invented by Henry Seishiro Okazaki as he stated in his 1929 book, "The Science of Self-Defense for Girls and Women." The term "ryu", meaning stream is also used in the Japanese language to mean sect or style.

Danzanryu (talk) 17:06, 6 January 2009 (UTC)danzanryu

Yoshimatsu or Kichimatsu?
Which one is it?

For Yoshimatsu see here.

For Kichimatsu see here or HERE

For BOTH! (and an improper spelling) see here. User5802 01:29, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

The kanji (from the mokuroku) could be pronounced either way. The interview on the Hawaii Judo History page was of an older Japanese, who knew Tanaka sensei. He gives the name as Kichimatsu. I believe that to be dispositive. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.111.228.102 (talk) 06:54, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

Okazaki's age
For a discussion on Okazaki's age see Talk:Seishiro_Okazaki. User5802 01:33, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

It appears to be Nanpa, not Nanba or Namba
This is currently being discussed. Don't just change Nanpa without offering some sort of facts, and see the above discussion about the styles Okazaki studied which says

 * Here is some information gathered on Nanpa-Shoshin-ryu Jujitsu
 * A Mr. Sadao Sakamoto recalled there being a Nanpa-Shoshin Ryu Ju-Jitsu School active in Pepeekeo Hawaii, under the instruction of Mr. Hamai around 1918. This is exactly where and when Okazaki was studying Yoshin-Ryu Ju-Jitsu at the Hilo Shinyu-Kai in 1918. Most likely this is the source of Okazaki's Nanpa-Shoshin Ryu, there is no "Namba Shoshin Ryu" indeed.
 * link

User5802 01:39, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

This is likely just a romanization issue. Get the kanji, and you have the answer —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.111.228.102 (talk • contribs)

 * Can you offer advice on how to get the kanji? User5802 11:47, 30 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Do what I just did: look at the mokuroku. It can be found online on www.danzan.com , or in the appendix of the current AJJF Kata Manual. Or you could phone or write TJ and ask him to send you a copy. The kanji in question are Nelson #5038 which can be pronounced NAN or NANI (among others) and Nelson #2529 which can be pronounced HA or WA (among others). Plausible readings, then, would include either NANIWA or NANBA (NAMBA). The two-character compound is the name of a district of Osaka  . This suggests that Namba (or Nanba) Shoshin Ryu is/was a branch of Shoshin Ryu practiced in that region. I am editing the article accordingly. 128.111.228.102 13:03, 9 October 2007 (UTC)
 * The characters are:  難波  128.111.228.102 13:56, 9 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Looks like some useful information. My guess would be the reporter spelled it incorrectly. What are your thoughts? Also do you have information on Iwaga-ryu or Kosogabe-ryu? User5802 11:20, 14 October 2007 (UTC)

 * 岩賀 = IWAGA or IWAKA.   Name of a town in Niigata Prefecture.
 * 古曽我部  =  KOSOGABE;      SOGABE is a family surname, KO = old, ancient -- need to check the Bugei Ryuha Daijiten128.111.228.102 11:04, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

The schools and associations list seems to be getting quite large.
Perhaps this be reduced, or certain associations should be removed. Any other thoughts? User5802 (talk) 16:42, 23 November 2008 (UTC)

==I think the list should restrict itself to organizations that teach & promote DZR *exclusively*, or at least DZR *primarily* alongside other supplementary practice methods. Cafeteria-style MA groups belong somewhere else, even if they were allegedly "influenced" by DZR. 128.111.228.102 (talk) 06:57, 18 January 2009 (UTC)

===I feel that the list needs to be moved to its own page, where the groups may be expanded upon if necessary. iamzander777 (talk) 18:18, 26 February 2009 (UTC)

Ju-Jutsu not Ju-Jitsu
Can we work towards this standardization? "Jitsu" has a different meaning in Japanese. 198.212.208.14 (talk) 21:20, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Danzan-ryū. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110106171457/http://www.usadojo.com/eulogies/stephen-copping.htm to http://www.usadojo.com/eulogies/stephen-copping.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:55, 6 December 2016 (UTC)

World War II and later: Bud Estes
One source, at least, casts doubt on Bud Estes’ account of his work with the FBI: Bob McKean’s “The Life of Professor Francis Merlin (“Bud”) Estes.” Is this an outlier? Discredited? In any event, McKean’s criticism highlights the need for a citation at the end of the first paragraph. Jdickinson (talk) 06:22, 11 June 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Danzan-ryū