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Greek Research and Technology Network

The Greek Research and Technology Network or GRNET (Εθνικό Δίκτυο Υποδομών Τεχνολογίας και Έρευνας, ΕΔΥΤΕ) is the national research and education network of Greece. GRNET S.A. provides internet connectivity, e-infrastructure, and other services to the Greek Educational, Academic, and Research community. Additionally, GRNET makes digital applications. It also provides services to the following sectors: Education, Research, Health, Culture. GRNET supports all Universities, Technological Education Institutes, Research Centers, and over 9,500 schools.

The GRNET head office is located in Athens, Greece.

E-Infrastructures and Innovative Services
The GRNET backbone interconnects more than 100 institutions including all universities and technological institutions, research centers, public hospitals, museums, and libraries, as well as the Greek School Network.

GRNET is present in global networking for research and education, representing Greece in GÉANT.

Large Scale Computing Services for Researchers (Cloud Computing)
GRNET offers Cloud Computing services that are available via the Infrastructure as a Service model, under the brand name “Okeanos” to promote academic, educational, and research aims. These services are hosted on GRNET's own infrastructure and fall into the category of Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). More specifically, the following cloud services are provided: “~Okeanos” service provides academic users the ability to create a multi-layer virtual infrastructure and instantiate virtual computing machines, local networks, and a storage space inside the virtual machine. The Cloud Computing infrastructure and services of GRNET have been made available to the pan-European R&E community via the “Okeanos-global” service.
 * ~Okeanos: Cloud Service with end users in the academic and research community powered by Synnefo, an IaaS cloud computing project.
 * ViMa: Virtual Private Server (VPS) Service provided to GRNET peers for hosting of services.

Hellenic High Performance Computing Infrastructure
The GRNET “ARIS” is a national high-performance computing infrastructure providing scientists with additional computational power, storage space, and software (pre-installed compilers, scientific libraries, and popular scientific application suites) to assist the development and execution of scientific applications.

The system went into a pilot operational phase in June 2015, and it is available for research-related use to researchers and scientists across Greek universities, technological institutions, and research centers.

GR-IX
GRNET operates the Greek Internet Exchange (GR-IX). GR-IX interconnects Internet Service Providers, content providers, and other entities and facilitates the exchange of IP traffic among them.

International activities
GRNET participates in international projects funded by the European Union. It also participates in regional and European projects that aim to bridge the digital divide between countries of South-East Europe and the rest of Europe, such as the SEEREN and SEEFIRE projects.

title: Greek Research and Technology Network


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Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Incandescent Pahoehoe fountain

Incandescent Pahoehoe fountain
1983 image of a 10 meter tall lava fountain on Hawaii. Striking enough? The date on the bottom is a tad distracting but it should be easily removed by someone photoshopically inclined...(not me! :o) --Deglr6328 06:15, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC) +15 / -1 With preference for #2 -- Solipsist 12:22, 7 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Nominate and Support--Deglr6328 06:16, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. It's a GIF! A JPEG version is available, along with other vocano images, at U.S. Geological Survey. The JPEG is smaller and a bit dull (more realistic, probably, no indexed colors), but probably better anyway. Jonas Olson 07:31, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I have uploaded both a version of the GIF with the date painted out and the JPEG linked above, for possible alternative voting. Delgr6328, could you please give a URL whenever you upload a web-accessible image?  It helps find other images, verify copyright status, find out where to ask for higher-quality images, and so on.  As for the JPEG version above, I don't know how they got rid of the date (photoshop, I guess). --Andrew 07:47, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC) (In fact I think the GIF was from another scan of the same negative/print. --Andrew 11:43, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC))
 * Support both undated images. I don't see any significant difference between GIF and JPG, at least not enough to oppose a gif. Mgm|(talk) 10:45, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * There are technical concerns; see GIF. GIF uses an algorithm that was patented until recently (and the patent was being enforced); this meant that legal decoders had to pay money, and legal open-source decoders were basically impossible.  Most geeks still harbor a certain amount of malevolence towards GIFs for this reason.  More relevantly, they are (supposedly) lossless, so they lead to huge filesizes for photographs; the quality is low in spite of this because they have only 256 colors to work with rather than millions, so they must discard a certain amount of color information.  However, this specific image does not contain a broad range of colors, so the GIF conversion process probably did not mangle it too badly (although its colors are very different from the JPEG we have for some reason).  In any case neither undated version is actually a GIF; the undated versions should be judged on how they look (with a caveat that the colors may be more dubious on the GIF-derived one). --Andrew 11:10, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support the JPEG version; beautiful, striking. I prefer the colors; also it is (now) much higher-resolution. --Andrew 11:43, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support only the original JPEG - I trust the volcanologists to get the colors right. After all, this is supposed to be informative, not just pretty, and the color contains (for example) information about the temperature. --Andrew 22:49, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support JPEG. Cool photo. -- Chris 73 Talk 12:03, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support the undated JPEG, its colors look more natural then the GIF's colors. --Bricktop 12:29, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support the 2nd version. -- brian0918 ™  13:02, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support #2. There's a lot more detail visible, even when shrunk to the same size as #3. —Korath (Talk) 16:06, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support although full res photo looks pretty ordinary. But it certainly is striking. Something to give a perspective on the size would have been good aswell. --Fir0002 07:49, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support final image. I've had mornings like this... Denni ☯ 02:27, 2005 Apr 20 (UTC)
 * Support the JPEG version the GIF image with its reduction to 256 colors is a bit too unrealistic IMO, however the JPEG can get with more saturation/contrast. Ericd 16:56, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. What article does this illustrate? Matthewcieplak 04:41, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah. Lava. Matthewcieplak 04:42, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support #2. -- Solipsist 16:20, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support I like them all, so just count this vote as one toward the picture with the most votes in the end ;) TomStar81 05:46, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support #2 or #4. Sango  123  16:29, Apr 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support #2 - unusual picture worth being featured JoJan 18:28, 29 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support #2 - Doesn't need any tweaking or color changing to show how amazing this is. --jacobolus (t) 04:18, 7 May 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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User talk:Sideways~enwiki

Impersonating Tony Sideway?
You seem to be borderline impersonating Tony Sideway, and you also appear to be another sockpuppet account of the Ward Churchill vandal. Your user page has the super POV version of the article too, sigh. zen master   T  06:16, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Hosting
Hi, please don't use your userpage to create forks of wikipedia articles or as a hosting service. There are plenty of free services that you can use to host your own content. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 06:40, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Sideways. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Sideways~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:43, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 18:51, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Sideways~enwiki


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Golden-crowned warbler

The golden-crowned warbler (Basileuterus culicivorus) is a small New World warbler.

Distribution and habitat
It breeds from Mexico and south through Central America to northeastern Argentina and Uruguay, and on Trinidad. It is mainly a species of lowland forests.

Description
The golden-crowned warbler is 12.7 cm long and weighs 10 g. It has grey-green upperparts and bright yellow underparts. The head is grey with a black-bordered yellow crown stripe, a yellow or white supercilium and a black eyestripe. Sexes are similar, but the immature golden-crowned warbler is duller, browner and lacks the head pattern other than the eyestripe.

Taxonomy
Golden-crowned warbler has 13 geographical races, which fall into three groups. The Central American culicivorus group (known as the stripe-crowned warbler) is essentially as described above, the southwestern cabanisi group (known as Cabanis's warbler) has grey upperparts and a white supercilium, and the aureocapillus group (known as the golden-crowned warbler) of the southeast, which has a white supercilium and orange-rufous crown stripe. The three groups are sometimes considered to be different species.

Behaviour
These birds feed on insects and spiders. The song is a high thin pit-seet-seet-seet-seet, and the call is a sharp tsip. It lays two to four rufous-spotted white eggs in a domed nest in a bank, often by a forest path, or under leaves on the forest floor. Parent birds will feign injury to distract potential nest predators.

title: Golden-crowned warbler


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Federico Díez de Medina

Federico Díez de Medina (1839–1904) was born in La Paz, Bolivia. Bolivian Minister of Foreign Relations and Worship (1898, 1900–1901) and Dean of the Universidad Mayor de La Paz (1878). Politician and writer, he served as Bolivian ambassador throughout South America. He wrote several texts on international law, politics, and international relations.

title: Federico Díez de Medina


text:
John Callahan

John Callahan may refer to:

 * John Callahan (actor) (1953–2020), American actor; best known from the soap opera All My Children
 * John Callahan (cartoonist) (1951–2010), cartoonist
 * John Callahan's Quads!, a 2001 animated television series

 * John Callahan (Wisconsin politician) (1865–1956), Wisconsin Superintendent of Public Instruction
 * John B. Callahan (born 1969), mayor of Bethlehem, Pennsylvania and Democratic nominee for the U.S. House of Representatives
 * John F. Callahan, writer and editor of numerous volumes related to African-American literature
 * John H. Callahan (1845–1914), American Civil War soldier and Medal of Honor recipient
 * John M. Callahan, chairman of the Democratic Party of Wisconsin
 * John Ross Callahan (1853–1918), American dentist
 * John Callahan (catcher) (1878–1952), American baseball player
 * John Callahan (pitcher) (1874–1954), baseball player
 * John Callahan (skier) (born 1962), American Olympic skier
 * John Callahan (wrestler) (born 1964), American professional wrestler
 * John Callahan (outlaw) (1866–1936), American outlaw and bank robber

title: John Callahan


text: Category:113 BC deaths

title: Category:113 BC deaths


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Spywire

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete CDC   (talk)  22:41, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)

'DO YOU COME FROM A LAND DOWN UNDER?!?!

I R TEH HAX)R!NG JoO!!! LolZ'

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Spywire


text: Category:141 BC deaths

title: Category:141 BC deaths


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Hagerman Pass

Hagerman Pass, elevation 11925 ft, is a high mountain pass that crosses the continental divide in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado in the United States. The pass traverses the Sawatch Range west of Leadville, connecting the headwaters of the Arkansas River on the east with the upper valley of the Fryingpan River above Basalt, in the basin of the Colorado River.

The pass was named for James J. Hagerman, builder of the Colorado Midland Railroad. The Colorado Midland railroad crossed the continental divide through one of two tunnels (initially the Hagerman Tunnel (1887), later the Busk-Ivanhoe Tunnel (1893) at lower altitude) near the top of Hagerman pass. The latter tunnel now serves as a water diversion tunnel draining Ivanhoe Lake on the west side of the pass into the Arkansas River basin.

In 1909, the Shoshone Transmission Line was built to connect a generating station near Glenwood Springs with Leadville and Denver. This historic electric transmission line has been modernized several times and is still in use.

The pass is traversed by an unimproved road that is passable only with four-wheel drive vehicles, bicycles, ATVs, or on foot. Two-wheel drive vehicles will find it difficult due to some stream crossings and rocky sections. It is open from approximately late May through the arrival of the first heavy snow in mid or late autumn. The road has occasionally been blocked by fallen trees.

title: Hagerman Pass


text: Category:188 BC births

title: Category:188 BC births


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Tennessee Pass

Tennessee Pass may refer to:
 * Tennessee Pass (Colorado), a mountain pass between Eagle and Lake counties, Colorado, United States.
 * Tennessee Pass Line, a closed rail line over the pass

title: Tennessee Pass


text: Category:157 BC deaths

title: Category:157 BC deaths


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Congress of Erfurt

The Congress of Erfurt was the meeting between Napoleon, Emperor of the French, and Alexander I, Emperor of All Russia, from Tuesday 27 September to Friday 14 October 1808 intended to reaffirm the alliance concluded the previous year with the Treaties of Tilsit which followed the end of the War of the Fourth Coalition.

Background
At Tilsit, Napoleon had made an admirer of Alexander, but by the time of the meeting at Erfurt anti-French sentiment at the Russian court was beginning to threaten the newly forged alliance. Napoleon and his foreign minister Jean-Baptiste Nompère de Champagny sought to strengthen the alliance once more in order to settle affairs in Spain and prepare for the expected war with Austria. Working at cross-purposes to Napoleon was Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord who had by this time come to the conclusion that Napoleon was leading France to destruction, and who secretly advised Alexander to resist Napoleon's demands.

Conference
The city of Erfurt was under the direct control of the Emperor of the French at this time as the Principality of Erfurt. Napoleon attempted to awe Alexander with the glories of the French Empire. The meeting became a great conference involving an array of kings, princes, dukes, barons and notables from all over Europe. Among the attendees was Talma and the entire Comédie-Française, who presented sixteen French tragedies over the course of the Congress. Goethe was courted by Napoleon himself and the twenty-year-old Arthur Schopenhauer arrived in Goethe's train and cast a cynical eye over the proceedings.

Out of the meetings came an agreement, the Erfurt Convention, in fourteen articles, calling upon Britain to cease its war against France, recognizing the Russian conquest of Finland from Sweden, and stating that in case of war with Austria, Russia should aid France "to the best of its ability." The two emperors departed for their homelands on 14 October. Six months later the expected war with Austria began, and Alexander barely lived up to his agreement, aiding France as little as possible. By 1810 both emperors were considering war with one another. Erfurt was the last meeting between the two leaders.

By 1812 Russia no longer complied with Napoleon's Continental System of economic warfare against the United Kingdom and anti-French sentiment in the Russian court had reached a new height. Russian defence spending had increased and troops were deployed to the border in preparation for an invasion of Poland. Napoleon pre-empted this by attacking first and with greater force.

From the beginning at Tilsit few onlookers believed these two European powers could peacefully exist side by side, with the Grand Duchy of Warsaw a French satellite state neighbouring Russia. Erfurt may have delayed the eventual outbreak of war, but it was likely the two powers would ultimately come into conflict.

In popular culture
The congress is an event referred to by Leo Tolstoy in his War and Peace (Book Two Part Three Chapter 1).

title: Congress of Erfurt


text: Template:User af

authors: ಮಲ್ನಾಡಾಚ್ ಕೊಂಕ್ಣೊ

title: Template:User af


text: User talk:83.235.252.148

title: User talk:83.235.252.148


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Subprofile

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. CDC  (talk)  22:40, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Subprofile
Ad for a AOL profile provider, there are a number of other identical services, unencyclipedic, delete--nixie 06:28, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Subprofile is the general term for any profile add-on website for AIM that many users use. I made this page after seeing an article on xanga. This is by no means an ad, keep--TheAznSensation 01:58, 18 Apr 2005 (USCMT)
 * Keep,see above--Jetru 07:59, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, I've heard of it. Wmahan. 17:10, 2005 Apr 18 (UTC)
 * 'keep as well `Yuckfoo 06:50, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Reluctant keep, even though it could be redirected to adware, spyware, pop-up ad, list of annoying websites, et al.  Notability/notoriety established. --Idont Havaname 15:25, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep...there are many of these, but this is definitely one of the more well-known. --MikeJ9919 23:11, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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PASC

PASC may refer to:

Science and technology

 * Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 or post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, commonly known as long COVID
 * PASC audio compression, a version of MPEG-1 Audio Layer I
 * Pancreatic stellate cell (PaSC)

Other uses

 * Portable Applications Standards Committee, of the IEEE Computer Society
 * Public Administration Select Committee, in the British Parliament
 * Deadhorse Airport (ICAO code: PASC), Alaska, US

title: PASC


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Ruy Lopez, Tarrasch Trap

Tarrasch Trap refers to two different chess opening traps in the Ruy Lopez that are named for Siegbert Tarrasch. Unlike many variations that appear only in analysis, Tarrasch actually sprung his traps against masters in tournament games.

Tarrasch Trap in the Open Variation
Two masters actually fell for this trap against Tarrasch: Johannes Zukertort at Frankfurt in 1887 and Isidor Gunsberg at Manchester in 1890.

'''1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. 0-0 Nxe4'''
 * This is the Open Variation of the Ruy Lopez.

'''6. d4 b5 7. Bb3 d5 8. dxe5 Be6 9. c3 Be7 10. Re1 0-0 11. Nd4 Qd7''' (see diagram)
 * Falling into the trap.

12. Nxe6
 * No matter how Black recaptures, the pawn on d5 will be pinned (along the d-file or along the a2–g8 diagonal). After 12...Qxe6 or 12...fxe6 White wins a piece with 13.Rxe4.

Tarrasch Trap in the Steinitz Variation
The second Tarrasch Trap, sometimes referred to as the Dresden Trap, occurs in the Steinitz Variation. Tarrasch published analysis of this trap in 1891, but 18 months later Georg Marco fell into it in Tarrasch versus Marco, Dresden 1892. Tarrasch spent just five minutes thinking during the entire game.

'''1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 d6'''
 * This is the Steinitz Variation of the Ruy Lopez.

4. d4 Bd7
 * Black breaks the pin to meet the threat of 5.d5.

'''5. Nc3 Nf6 6. 0-0 Be7 7. Re1''' (see diagram)
 * Laying a subtle trap. Castling seems natural for Black but it loses a pawn. Instead, 7...exd4 is better.

'''7... 0-0? 8. Bxc6 Bxc6 9. dxe5 dxe5 10. Qxd8 Raxd8 11. Nxe5'''
 * Black's best move here is probably 11...Bd7, although White would remain a pawn ahead.

'''11... Bxe4 12. Nxe4 Nxe4'''
 * White can go astray too, 13.Rxe4?? would be a horrible blunder as Black would checkmate with 13...Rd1+ 14. Re1 Rxe1#. White blocks that possibility with his next move, making the threat real against the black knight on e4.

13. Nd3 f5
 * The black knight cannot move because of the pin against the bishop on e7.

14. f3 Bc5+?!
 * Better is 14...Bh4 15.g3 Nxg3 16.hxg3 Bxg3 where Black get two pawns for the knight.

'''15. Nxc5 Nxc5 16. Bg5 Rd5 17. Be7 Re8 18. c4 1–0'''
 * White wins at least the exchange, so Marco resigned.

title: Ruy Lopez, Tarrasch Trap


text: Category:202 deaths

title: Category:202 deaths


text:
Talk:Simon

Cowell, Paul
would either of the mute admins explain why simon cowell and paul simon are under the section "historical", or why they are mentioned at all?
 * There is no Historical section now; they should both be in the People list as they are both notable. Lkjhgfdsa 0 (talk) 06:02, 21 December 2009 (UTC)

?
"In the Bible", "On American Idol"

O...K......

German WP
In the German Wikipedia there is written:

Herkunft und Bedeutung des Namens

 * hebräisch Schimon: von Gott erhört

after that, Simon means "God answered (the prayer)"

But on this page is mentioned another meaning - so either the German or the Ehglish page must be wrong.

Apostrophe
What is with the Shim'on theres no apostrophe in the name so what is it there for? --Shimonnyman 19:28, 15 June 2007 (UTC)

The element meaning "heard" & "God" being separated I presume as why. 67.171.233.221 (talk) 12:58, 5 March 2011 (UTC)

Simon the High Priest
Does anyone know who that is? He's referenced in the Pool of Bethesda article. Nareek 02:29, 19 September 2007 (UTC)

Simon, Samuel
Both names (Simon & Sam) mean 'God has heard', are they not variants? 67.171.233.221 (talk) 12:56, 5 March 2011 (UTC)

 * Actually neither carry this meaning explicitly. Simon doesn't have a literal meaning in hebrew (i am a native speaker). It stems from the verb "to hear", and in the original context means "God has heard", so the definition given in this value is incorrect.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simeon#Meaning http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saul#Saul.27s_name_and_Samuel.27s_birth-narrative http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel#Name — Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.178.10.30 (talk) 11:20, 28 October 2011 (UTC)

add topic 2A02:C7C:383B:1E00:C8B3:CAE2:5EB9:37FC (talk) 10:45, 31 October 2023 (UTC)

Simon 2A02:C7C:383B:1E00:C8B3:CAE2:5EB9:37FC (talk) 10:48, 31 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Simon


text: Category:203 deaths

title: Category:203 deaths


text:
Tennessee Pass (Colorado)

Tennessee Pass elevation 10424 ft is a high mountain pass in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado in the United States. The pass was named after Tennessee, the native state of a group of early prospectors.

Route
The pass traverses the Continental Divide north of Leadville in a gap between the northern end of the Sawatch Range to the west and the northern end of the Mosquito Range to the east. It connects the headwaters of the Arkansas River to the south with the upper valley of the Eagle River (in the watershed of the Colorado River) to the north. The pass is traversed by U.S. Highway 24, allowing access between Leadville and Interstate 70 in the Eagle Valley. The pass has a gentle approach on both sides with few steep gradients and no major hairpin curves. The summit of the pass is nearly level. The road over the pass is generally open all year round, easily negotiable by most vehicles, and closes only during severe winter storms.

The summit of the pass is the location of Ski Cooper, a ski area in the San Isabel National Forest operated by permit from the United States Forest Service. Most of the area is above the tree line, providing a panoramic view of the peaks of the Sawatch Range to visitors. The area was formerly a World War II training ground for United States Army troops of the 10th Mountain Division from nearby Camp Hale. A memorial to troops of the division is located at the summit of the pass.

Railroad line
The Denver & Rio Grande Western Railroad constructed a narrow gauge railroad over Tennessee Pass in 1881, first as a branch line to access mines near Red Cliff, but by the mid 1880s the line became part of its extension to the Aspen area constructed in order to beat the Colorado Midland's standard gauge route to the rich mining area. In 1890, a new standard gauge line was built from Pueblo, to Grand Junction, and jointly with the Colorado Midland Railway, a tunnel was constructed about 200 ft below the summit. In 1945, the old Tennessee Pass Tunnel was replaced by a newer tunnel. In recent times, the Rio Grande's Tennessee Pass line was the highest active mainline railroad mountain pass in the United States. The line, now owned by the Union Pacific (UP), is currently out of use but the tracks remain in place.

Once the Moffat Tunnel and Dotsero Cutoff were constructed, the line through Tennessee Pass became a secondary route. The Moffat Tunnel route had a maximum grade of 2%. The west side of the Tennessee Pass route has grades up to 3%. However, the east side of the Tennessee Pass has a maximum grade of only 1.4%.

Southern Pacific’s (SP) acquisition by The Denver & Rio Grande in 1988 made Tennessee Pass once again the preferred transcontinental route. SP had a central route from California through to Kansas via Donner Pass, Tennessee Pass and trackage rights on the former Missouri Pacific route from Pueblo, Colorado into Kansas. The Moffat Tunnel route was kept in use.

In 1996, UP bought Southern Pacific. UP preferred the Moffat Tunnel for routing traffic. The last revenue train went over the Tennessee Pass on August 23, 1997. Soon after UP ran this last train, they applied to the Surface Transportation Board for permission to abandon the line.

Currently, the line is not of much use as the former Missouri Pacific line to Pueblo has been partially abandoned so trains would have to travel from Denver south to Pueblo before heading west.

The 12 mi of the Tennessee Pass line through the Royal Gorge is currently operated by the Royal Gorge Route Railroad, who operates excursion trains out of Cañon City.

On July 10, 2012, part of the old tunnel collapsed, creating a sinkhole that damaged U.S. Highway 24 and forced its temporary closure between Redcliff and Leadville. The newer tunnel was not damaged.

A report released by the Colorado Department of Transportation on September 4, 2014 stated the following about the line:

"...The Tennessee Pass line has been identified as significant to CDOT because of its potential to carry both passengers and freight, and because it is the only existing trans-mountain alternative in Colorado to the Moffat Tunnel line, which often runs near capacity. The Tennessee Pass Line may be able to be used as an alternate route as trans-mountain rail demand grows due to increased development on the Western Slope or if the Moffat Tunnel were damaged or closed for any reason. Such an event would have a significant impact on Colorado, particularly on the Western Slope, since the railroads would be forced to move freight through Wyoming. The Royal Gorge Route Railroad currently offers scenic, tourist rail trips on 12 miles of the Tennessee Pass Line west of Cañon City. No freight has been shipped on the Tennessee Pass Line since 1997."

Union Pacific began actively discussing the sale of the line to Colorado Pacific in 2019, for an amount of $10 million. Colorado Pacific wanted to pay only the $8.8 million that the line was valued at. After a long battle in court, the ICC declared that they would not force a sale, but if other evidence was found, Colorado Pacific could re-file the report. , Colorado Pacific attempted another forced sale, this time saying they’ll run passenger/excursion service over the route. Union Pacific responded by stating they were in active negotiations for Rio Grande Pacific to operate the line and were opposed to Colorado Pacific's bid. On December 31, 2020 Rio Grande Pacific subsidiary Colorado, Midland & Pacific Railway Company, announced it had entered in an agreement with Union Pacific to explore reopening, leasing and operating the line for both potential commuter and freight services.

Water diversion
Tennessee Pass is the location of the first transbasin diversion project to move water from the Colorado River Basin over the continental divide to the Arkansas River. The 1.5 mi Ewing Placer Ditch (or just Ewing Ditch) was constructed in 1880 and remains in use. It transfers water from Piney Creek east of the pass, a tributary of the Eagle River over the pass to the head of Tennessee Creek. The ditch may have originally been used to provide water for placer mining, but the Otero Canal Company used the water for irrigation before selling the ditch to the Pueblo Board of Water Works in 1955. The ditch has a capacity of 18.5 cuft/s and in an average year diverts approximately 1000 acre ft.

A second ditch was constructed at Tennessee pass in 1929, the 6 mi Wurts Ditch. This was built by William Wurts to provide irrigation water, but Pueblo purchased this ditch in 1938, and in 1953, they extended the ditch another 6.5 mi westward along the south flank of the Eagle River valley. After extension, the ditch has a capacity of 100 cuft/s and diverts an average of about 2700 acre ft of water.

title: Tennessee Pass (Colorado)


text:
Richard Maunsell

Richard Edward Lloyd Maunsell (pronounced "Mansell") (26 May 1868 – 7 March 1944) held the post of chief mechanical engineer (CME) of the South Eastern and Chatham Railway from 1913 until the 1923 Grouping and then the post of CME of the Southern Railway in England until 1937. He had previously worked his way up through positions in other railways in Ireland, England and India.

Biography
He was born on 26 May 1868 at Raheny, County Dublin, in Ireland, the seventh son of John Maunsell, a Justice of the Peace and a prominent solicitor in Dublin. He attended The Royal School, Armagh from 1882 to 1886. He commenced studies at Trinity College, Dublin on 23 October 1886 for a law degree; however by this stage he had shown a keen interest in engineering. He concurrently began an apprenticeship at the Inchicore works of the Great Southern and Western Railway (GS&WR) under H. A. Ivatt in 1888. Following completion of his degree in January 1891 he was able to complete his apprenticeship at Horwich Works on the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (as Nigel Gresley had done before him). At Horwich, he worked in the drawing office, before occupying the post of locomotive foreman in charge of the Blackpool and Fleetwood District.

It was at a social evening organised by the L&YR's Aspinall that Maunsell was to meet his future wife, Edith Pearson. He evidently impressed Edith as she was to send him a letter in March 1893 requesting a tour of the grain elevator at Fleetwood Docks. Their correspondence became increasingly familiar and on 1 August 1893 Maunsell wrote to Edith's father requesting permission for an engagement to be married, which was refused on the basis of funding with Edith sent to Paris.

Maunsell went to India in 1894, as assistant locomotive superintendent of the East India Railway, He subsequently was appointed district locomotive superintendent of the Asansol District.

He returned in 1896 to become works manager at Inchicore on the GS&WR., Robert Coey having been promoted to locomotive superintendent on the departure of Henry Ivatt. O.S. Nock comments "with Robert Coey as Locomotive Superintendent and R. E. L. Maunsell as Works Manager at Inchichore the whole department was run with a smoothness to equal anything in the British Isles". The increased salary with a free house finally met the income stipulations of Edith's father and enabled Maunsell to marry Edith on 15 June 1896 in London. Maunsell moved up to become locomotive superintendent in 1911.

In 1913, he was selected to succeed Harry Wainwright as CME of the South Eastern and Chatham Railway (SE&CR). When that line was merged in the 1923 grouping, with Urie of the London and South Western Railway retiring and with Billinton of the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway having less experience, he became chief mechanical engineer of the newly formed Southern Railway. He retired in 1937, Oliver Bulleid taking over from him.

He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 1918 New Year Honours for his efforts during the First World War.

Locomotives
Maunsell's key skill was engineering management rather than locomotive design, and he made use of design teams to create easy-to-maintain locomotives that could operate the required services with effective performance. O. S. Nock in his book Irish Steam observed Maunsell was known to frequently stress the dictum "make everything get-at-able". He was responsible for several notable locomotive classes and related equipment.

From his second spell at the GS&WR he is jointly credited with his predecessor Robert Coey with the one-off express passenger engine 4-4-0 No. 341 Sir William Goulding. He is also credited there with the design of the GS&WR Class 257 (J4) of eight locomotives which were generally thought of as quite successful. While these were an incremental development of a series of GS&WR 0-6-0 classes of and in particular his predecessor Coey's GS&WR Class 351 (J9) Maunsell's locomotives were the first on the GS&WR to use superheaters and piston valves. With Maunsell departing Inchicore in 1913 the final members of this class were completed under his successor Watson.

While at the SE&CR in 1917 the Maunsell team created two related prototype locomotives: one was a 2-6-0 ("mogul") tender freight locomotive, that was to become SE&CR Class N; the other was a 2-6-4T SE&CR Class K for express passenger work. These were followed by over 200 succeeding locomotives including classes K, K1, N, N1, U, U1 and W. Further locomotives for other railways came from kits of parts produced at Woolwich Arsenal; these consisted of six kits purchased by the Metropolitan Railway Metropolitan Railway K Class and 26 kits purchased by Irish Railways classes 372 and 393 some of which were constructed at Inchicore, Maunsell's old establishment.

A major achievement was the introduction of the 4-6-0 SR Lord Nelson class locomotives and also the 4-4-0 SR V class or Schools Class, which were the ultimate and very successful development of the British 4-4-0 express passenger type. He also introduced pulverised fuel equipment and new types of valve gear.

Patents

 * GB191419269 (with George Victor Valen Hutchinson), published 26 November 1914, Improvements relating to steam superheaters
 * GB192985 (with James Clayton), published 15 February 1923, Improvements in or relating to condensers for lubricators of the condensation type
 * GB202523 (with James Clayton), published 23 August 1923, A double-feed lubricator

title: Richard Maunsell


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Guns N' Roses/archive1

Guns N' Roses
This is a partial self-nomination. If you look at articles of rock bands in Wikipedia, you will find that many of them are either fan site copies or simply disorganzied articles. That was the case with this article, but a lot of hard work was put to make it a near Featured Article. I would like just to listen to some sugestions on any section of the article, and please, feel free to edit it. Coburnpharr04 06:39, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

A few suggestions:
 * 1) the list of current members at the start sticks out like a sore thumb, is is absolutely necesssary, a picture of the current line up with a caption like AC/DC, may be better.
 * 2) a table summarising the albums and album sales would be good.
 * 3) include any offline sources in a reference list, and cite references according to Cite your sources.
 * 4) Some more detail about the music videos may be good, for example the November Rain video cost 1.5 million to make
 * 5) Soundtracks featuring GNR music, I'm sure there are some blockbuster movies that used GNR songs.

A question? Weren't a number of former members suing Axl Rose for turning down offers to use GNR in commercials and movies? If it's true that should probably go into the article as well--nixie 07:03, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Some more suggestions:
 * 1) The tone is occasionally slightly fannish and adulatory.
 * 2) A section specifically on drug addiction would be appropriate for this band, talking about each member. They missed a lot of concert dates throughout their history, and of course there were the firings; the fans were always talking about the drugs. The drugs are not concealed in the article, currently, to its credit, but they're mentioned sort of in passing — what does it mean that the members "addressed" their drug addictions?
 * 3) A copy edit pass would be needed
 * 4) What exactly happened during the long gaps between albums, which seem so unusual for a gigantic phenomenon band like this?
 * 5) Personally I think you could spend weeks and still have not put enough in the "Legacy" section. Can you find quotes about how their sound influenced nu-metal and current punk?
 * 6) As with articles on most bands that still exist, there's currently about as much material on the very uninteresting now as there is on the extremely interesting heyday.
 * 7) I think the article could use some voices of criticism from different periods. Tempshill 21:27, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I have given attention to most of the suggestions. I included the court case of Mckagan/Slash V. Rose and expanded the legacy section. In this section I added some criticism to the band and included the drug abuse cases. Any more suggestions to help the article??? Coburnpharr04 05:23, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Yotam

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was redirect Jotham CDC   (talk)  22:39, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Yotam
Nothing here, really. Well - two lines, the first of which screams "redirect" and the second of which is ambiguous to the point of uselessness. Grutness|hello? 06:37, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. It's a stub. Needs material. Not deletion--Jetru 08:02, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * If it were a stub, it would have given some clue as to what kingdom this person was apparently the king of, or when this person was a king, or why this person is considered "great". The second line conveys no useful information whatever.  Indeed, for all we know, this article could be simply saying that "Yotam" is a word meaning "a great king" in some un-named language, and not actually be an encyclopaedia article about a person at all, but a dictionary article about a name, erroneously placed in the wrong project.  (See Wiktionary:Wiktionary Appendix:First names and Wiktionary:Wiktionary Appendix:Surnames.) As per Grutness Redirect to Jotham. Uncle G 14:30, 2005 Apr 18 (UTC)
 * Delete, foreign dictionary definition. Megan1967 08:42, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Jotham (and mention it there) - note that Jotham also has 2 defs, and the second is Jotham of Judah, a possibly great king. FreplySpang (talk) 02:29, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect. Jeltz talk  13:51, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Redir Jotham.  —msh210 17:42, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect with mention of alternate spelling.  A2Kafir 20:34, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Jotham. - Marcika 23:27, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Yotam


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Talk:Hillcrest, San Diego

Untitled
Might want to consider removing Be sure to visit Bread & Cie for the best bread this side of the puddle because it promotes a business.

-

I'm sorry, but this is a pretty poor article. Instead of the cut-and-pasted timeline, how about more details on the community—it's history, geography, people, etc. Dananderson 07:54, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

I've tried to address both of the issues raised above. The new version has no mention of Bread & Cie. The timeline has been shortened and made more relevant. And I have devoted more space to a description of all aspects of Hillcrest. (April 1, 2006)

 * The current version still sounds like an ad or a travel brochure. I'll go ahead and wikify it.--Chicbicyclist 00:18, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

It also reads like a brochure for the gay rights activists of San Diego. I don't really see how "significant events" for gay, lesbian and trans-genders is relevant to an article about this neighborhood. I also dont see how the opening of a pedestrian bridge or a book fair qualify as significant events for the gay community.

 * Umm, the neighborhood is the center of gay activities in the city. Hillcrest is largely about LGBTs for the most part. It won't be "Hillcrest" without them. As for the brige and other stuff, I somewhat agree with you.--Chicbicyclist 19:31, 11 September 2006 (UTC)

Too rosy a picture!
All these SoCal entries paint such a sugar coated picture. No crime, no homelessness, no poverty or unemployment. Andrew Cunanan never existed. Judging from these entries, there's a rainbow in the sky all the time! Must be nice to live in such a sunny Utopia! --24.249.108.133 22:17, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

I agree about Cunanan. When I have time I'm going to write him in. El Ingles 20:52, 9 April 2007 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:El Cerrito, San Diego, California which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RM bot 06:47, 8 December 2010 (UTC)

Tolerance?
An editor keeps changing the opening sentence "Hillcrest is known for its tolerance, diversity" etc. so as to read "its tolerance toward the LGBT community, diversity" etc. I reverted that change once and I still don't think it is appropriate, but I don't want to get into an edit war so let's discuss it here. To me it is very misleading to describe Hillcrest as being "tolerant" of the LGBT community; Hillcrest does not merely "tolerate" the LGBT community, Hillcrest IS the LGBT community, as is made clear later in the paragraph where it says "it has a large and active lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community." I don't know why the other editor, User:76.192.162.110, insists on saying "tolerance toward the LBBT community" because he/she doesn't provide edit summaries. I'd like them to come here and discuss it and reach consensus if possible. --MelanieN (talk) 00:46, 17 May 2012 (UTC)

Parking shortage
The article states, "Lack of parking is a major problem in the Hillcrest area." But one could also truthfully state that underpriced parking rates are the problem, because a shortage occurs "when the price of an item is set below the equilibrium rate determined by supply and demand."

So then the question becomes, how is the difficulty of finding a convenient parking space a problem? Does it hurt the economy? Does it create traffic congestion? Does it inconvenience motorists? The article doesn't say.

On the other hand, the economically optimal number of parking spaces is the number where the cost of building another one equals the revenue from building it. The article admits that the retailers could not justify the cost of a parking garage; therefore, MR<MC and therefore Hillcrest already has the economically optimal or more than the optimal number of parking spaces. Adding more would only hurt the economy.

Because Hillcrest already has the economically optimal number of parking spaces (if not more), I dispute the claim that lack of parking is a problem. Lack of convenient, available parking spaces during peak periods may cause problems, but that's a lot of qualifiers. Should the statement be changed? --Traal (talk) 20:12, 4 March 2014 (UTC)

 * So I gather you don't dispute that there is a parking shortage; you just dispute that the parking shortage is a problem. Am I understanding you correctly? If so, we could change the first sentence to read "there is a shortage of parking in the Hillcrest area," which I don't think anyone would dispute. --MelanieN (talk) 23:53, 4 March 2014 (UTC)

 * Anecdotal evidence suggests that there are parking lots and garages in Hillcrest that always seem to have spaces available, so "shortage" may not be the right word. How about "visitors often have trouble finding parking in the Hillcrest area"? --Traal (talk) 00:21, 5 March 2014 (UTC)

 * I think we need to go with what Reliable Sources say, rather than with our interpretation of anecdotal evidence or our analysis of the economics of parking spaces. My impression is that "parking shortage" is the common phrase in Reliable Source articles about the area. Let's evaluate that, shall we? BTW thank you for calling my attention to this article; I've been neglecting it. It was seriously out of date with regard to the Uptown Partnership/Uptown Community Parking District; I have now updated it as well as improving the way some of the references were cited.--MelanieN (talk) 00:28, 5 March 2014 (UTC)

OK, here is the relevant information from the three most relevant sources in the article. --MelanieN (talk) 00:42, 5 March 2014 (UTC)
 * The Uptown News article says "District Three Councilmember Todd Gloria recently said at a press conference one of the biggest complaints he gets from the community is about parking."
 * The UT "Partnership blasted over parking" article cites a "worsening parking situation," as well as the projected "shortage" numbers, which you disputed.
 * The UT "Parking in Hillcrest?" article says the area is "perpetually short of parking."

 * I don't doubt that Gloria would get a lot of complaints about parking. So maybe something like, "One of the biggest complaints voiced by the Hillcrest community is about parking." --Traal (talk) 04:47, 5 March 2014 (UTC)

 * Let's back up. The article's current statement is "Lack of parking is a major problem in the Hillcrest area". That it is a problem seems to be pretty well supported by all the shouting and complaining about it, as well as the creation of quasi-governmental agencies tasked with creating more parking. But you tagged it as "dubious". I thought you were objecting to the word "problem", which could be considered POV. So I suggested "There is a shortage of parking in the HIllcrest area." That there is a shortage seems to be well supported by Reliable Sources, as cited above (two of the three sources actually used the word "short" or "shortage"). But now you seem to be objecting to the word "shortage", despite its repeated use by Reliable Sources. I don't understand why you are so determined to dance around the subject rather than making a simple statement of (what appears to be) fact. Is your objection that you don't think there is an actual shortage (based on an anecdotal comment by an anonymous person in a discussion thread on a blog where everyone else is saying that there IS a shortage), or that there is a shortage but it isn't a problem, or what? Let me understand what it is about this sentence that you are trying to fix. --MelanieN (talk) 15:40, 5 March 2014 (UTC)

 * Because Uptown Partnership voted against building a parking garage, evidently they felt that there's no lack of parking or that it isn't enough of a problem to justify adding more parking. However, the complaints about parking show that parking is a concern, so "parking is a major concern in the Hillcrest area" would be a true statement supported by the cited sources. --Traal (talk) 19:03, 5 March 2014 (UTC)
 * I guess I could go with that wording. I'll add it and delete the "dubious" tag. But just for the record, the Uptown Partnership felt no such thing. That interpretation is dead wrong. Their whole purpose in life, the reason the parking district was created, was to improve the parking situation (hence the name). After they realized they couldn't afford a parking garage, they turned their attention to trying to find additional on-street parking. And the reason the Uptown Partnership finally lost public favor and got dissolved was their failure to create more parking. --MelanieN (talk) 21:34, 5 March 2014 (UTC)

Parking
Someone just deleted the entire "parking" section - including 10 Reliable Source references - because they didn't think it belongs in an encyclopedia. Considering the amount of previous discussion on this topic, and the heavy coverage this subject gets from independent sources, I don't think deleting it is acceptable. However, I agree that the section was too long and detailed. I will work on a more concise version which I will then put back in the article. --MelanieN (talk) 23:12, 26 January 2016 (UTC)
 * I trimmed it by about half, updated it, and re-added it. --MelanieN (talk) 23:56, 26 January 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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"Hillcrest, California" listed at Redirects for discussion
The redirect [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hillcrest,_California&redirect=no Hillcrest, California] has been listed at redirects for discussion to determine whether its use and function meets the redirect guidelines. Readers of this page are welcome to comment on this redirect at  until a consensus is reached. RL0919 (talk) 02:43, 29 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hillcrest, San Diego


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Talk:Weaver ant

Untitled
What makes it the most elaborate communicative organization? What about bees and and hornets that have rich social structures? I've saw a show on certain hornets that showed quite remarkable 'intelligence'.

See Image:Fourmi carnivore.jpg. Yann 17:38, 1 February 2007 (UTC)

Merge with green ants
Not agreeable. Yosri 06:05, 26 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Could you please state a reason for not supporting the merging of two articles that deal with the genus Oecophylla ?Shyamal 04:13, 7 May 2007 (UTC)
 * Content of Green ant merged and redirected to this. Shyamal 07:08, 11 May 2007 (UTC)

Well this is confusing
Which species is red and which species is green? Or is the colour based on geographical region? Google seems to be throwing out conflicting and confusing answers. Also, is the colour of the queen green for both species or green for one and red for the other? It would probably help if someone could resolve this. BeefRendang (talk) 15:44, 16 January 2008 (UTC)

for pest control
the last sentence makes a statement about the ants being used as pest control. This statement belongs in a different subcategory. I've also been studying up on the subject and I'll expand on it.-- FUNKAMATIC   (talk) 02:09, 11 April 2008 (UTC)

How Many Queen(S)?
A colony has one, and only one queen. I collected these ants back then, and came to a conclusion that regardless the size of the colony, there is only one queen. In fact, worker's are aggressive towards queen ants from other colonies of the same species(Proven),which is quite unlike most ants. Queen from older colonies tend to be extremely prolific, especially those with largely swollen abdomens. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 222.127.253.179 (talk) 22:46, 20 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Have you read the ref next to the 'one or more queens' statement ? Specifically
 * Contrary to previous reports, these data suggest that pleometrosis in O. smaragdina during the initial period of colony establishment can lead to polygyny in mature colonies.
 * I think your conclusion is probably wrong. Pleometrosis in O. smaragdina is probably quite common. I've seen it several times and there is a very nice photo on the web somewhere that I'll try to track down. Pleometrosis leading to polygyny in mature colonies clearly can and does happen sometimes under certain circumstances.  Sean.hoyland  - talk 03:37, 21 July 2008 (UTC)
 * Here you go  Sean.hoyland  - talk 03:52, 21 July 2008 (UTC)

Green Ant is a common name for another variety too
I don't want to tread on anyone's toes, but there is a very common variety of ant also known as the "Green Ant" in Australia- Rhytidoponera metallica. It is known for its iridescent, green colouring and its extremely painful bite. Would "Green Ant" still be an accurate redirect if an article for Rhytidoponera were created? 121.91.78.217 (talk) 06:12, 2 November 2008 (UTC)
 * I think it would still be okay. I'm not sure that 'green ant' is really a name commonly assigned to Rhytidoponera metallica. Have you got a reference that supports that ? If someone creates a Rhytidoponera metallica page I think a 'Green-head Ant' redirect page (and associated spelling permutations) would be more appropriate.  Sean.hoyland  - talk 01:30, 3 November 2008 (UTC)

Colony Ontogeny and Social Behavior Section
Much of the middle of this article seems poorly written and seems to refer to general ant characteristics like the use of pheromones and how they recognize each other. This is or should be already covered in the Ant article, and any reference about this should redirect to this major article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.58.57.35 (talk) 06:58, 25 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes, I tend to agree. The article should focus on attributes specific to weaver ants (e.g. atrophied metapleural glands, how annoying they are, etc) and leave the generalities to the main articles. The article needs a general clean up. I'll try to de-fluff it.  Sean.hoyland  - talk 07:31, 25 July 2010 (UTC)

Things not about weaver ants
I'm removed the following section from the article and put it here just in case someone wants to redeploy it somewhere else in Wikipedia. It's not specific to Oecophylla so it doesn't belong in this article.  Sean.hoyland  - talk 07:43, 25 July 2010 (UTC)
 * From ant intelligence to artificial intelligence
 * Weaver ants, like other ants, live in large colonies consisting of thousands of individuals. Each individual has limited cognitive capacity and reacts to its environment using simple behavioural rules, yet at the colony level, the individual decisions and actions self-organize into collective order and behaviour. Hundreds of ants can quickly find the shortest route from the nest to food, cooperatively carry large prey items, quickly respond to and attack intruders, and form intricate bridges to pull together large leaves during nest construction. The self-organizing properties and emergent behaviour of ants have inspired new approaches in scientific fields such as robotics, engineering, and computer science. Ant-based algorithms have been used to create robots that demonstrate behavioural integration and collective problem solving, develop multi-agent simulation environments to solve complex mathematical problems such as the traveling salesman problem, and to model and engineer solutions to complex systems such as internet protocol and telecommunication networks.

New photograph?
I feel this could add value to the page, but I'm not sure where it could be added in the photo-heavy page. Help? Yathin S Krishnappa (talk) 17:45, 5 November 2012 (UTC)

File:Red Weaver Ant, Oecophylla longinoda.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:Red Weaver Ant, Oecophylla longinoda.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on November 19, 2016. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2016-11-19. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page. — Chris Woodrich (talk) 03:27, 5 November 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Weaver ant


text:
List of pipe organ stops

An organ stop can be one of three things:

 * the control on an organ console that selects a particular sound
 * the row of organ pipes used to create a particular sound, more appropriately known as a rank
 * the sound itself

Organ stops are sorted into four major types: principal, string, reed, and flute.

This is a sortable list of names that may be found associated with electronic and pipe organ stops. Countless stops have been designed over the centuries, and individual organs may have stops, or names of stops, used nowhere else. This non-comprehensive list deals mainly with names of stops found on numerous Baroque, classical and romantic organs. Here are a few of the most common ones:

title: List of pipe organ stops


text: Category:212 deaths

title: Category:212 deaths


text:
Somatic cell count

A somatic cell count (SCC) is a cell count of somatic cells in a fluid specimen, usually milk. In dairying, the SCC is an indicator of the quality of milk—specifically, its low likeliness to contain harmful bacteria, and thus its high food safety. White blood cells (leukocytes) constitute the majority of somatic cells in question. The number of somatic cells increases in response to pathogenic bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus, a cause of mastitis. The SCC is quantified as cells per milliliter. General agreement rests on a reference range of less than 100,000 cells/mL for uninfected cows and greater than 250,000 for cows infected with significant pathogen levels. Several tests like the PortaSCC milk test and The California mastitis test provide a cow-side measure of somatic cell count. The somatic cell count in the milk also increases after calving when colostrum is produced.

Bacteria plate count
The methods of determining Grade A milk quality are well established, and are based on the somatic cell count and the bacteria plate count. Generally a lower somatic cell count indicates better animal health, while the bacteria plate count indicates improved equipment sanitation.

Somatic cells originate only from inside the animal's udder, while the bacteria are usually from external contaminations, such as insufficient cleaning of the milk transport equipment or insufficient external cleansing of the cow's udder and teats prior to milking. Milking equipment can also be accidentally knocked or kicked off an animal onto the floor, and contaminants on the barn floor can be sucked into the milk line by the system vacuum. A filter sock or filter disk in the pipeline prevents large particulate contaminants from entering the milk bulk tank, but cannot remove bacterial contamination once it has occurred.

For example, as defined by the State of Indiana administrative code, grade A milk shall meet the following standards:
 * The bacterial estimate classification shall be "acceptable".
 * The bacteria count using the standard plate count, direct microscopic count, or plate loop count methods shall be not more than one million (1,000,000) bacteria per milliliter.
 * The somatic cell count shall be not more than one million (1,000,000) cells per milliliter.
 * The milk shall not contain drug residues.

Milk not meeting these standards shall be designated as undergrade. Undergrade milk may not be sold for human consumption or processing into products for human consumption.

As established, these measurements are taken daily from the milk bulk tank and not from individual cows. This is because testing of individual animals at each milking would be expensive, but it also means that milk from a sick cow is diluted and averaged down by the healthy animals. Recently technological advances have allowed the dairy producer to test animals individually for SCC at every milking. The huge bulk tanks at large farms are accommodating of more sick animals in the herd, without the sick animals affecting the overall milk quality rating. However many different state and governmental agencies (including FDA) inspect each load of milk delivered to the processing facility as well as the processing facilities themselves to ensure that all milk processed through those facilities is safe for all consumers.

As discussed in the paper Guidelines for Using the DHI Somatic Cell Count Program:
 * The results of many studies suggest that cows with SCC of less than 200,000 are not likely to be infected with major mastitis pathogens, but cows with SCC above 300,000 are probably infected (Smith, 1996).
 * Herds with bulk tank SCC above 200,000 will have varying degrees of subclinical mastitis present. Data from the National Mastitis Council (1987) show that 6% of the [udder] quarters in a herd could be expected to be infected in a herd with a bulk tank SCC of 200,000.
 * At 500,000 SCC, 16% of the quarters may be infected with a 6% reduction in milk production compared to a SCC of 200,000.

In Canada, European Union, Australia, New Zealand, Switzerland, and some US states (e.g., Washington ) the somatic cell count shall be not more than 400,000 cells per milliliter. The somatic cell count limit is 750,000 in the majority of the USA and 1,000,000 in Brazil.

Bacteria in milk can come from sources other than the animal. Over time the milking pipeline and equipment can become coated with residues such as milkstone which are not removed by standard detergents and require periodic flushing of equipment with high strength corrosives. Automatic washing equipment for the bulk tank may not effectively clean all interior surfaces, and does not clean the exterior of the bulk tank at all.

Milk processors and co-ops purchasing milk routinely award farmers for having the lowest possible SCC counts via "quality bonuses" added to each milk payment to the dairyman.

title: Somatic cell count


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Sam and Fuzzy

Just as a note: I wrote the article. I am not the artist for this project and have no relation to or interest in the success of this project.

According to the guidelines under "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Webcomics/Notability_and_inclusion_guidelines", this comic can be included in the Wiki database.

Tedzsee 17 Apr 2005