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Here Come the Tears

Here Come the Tears is the only studio album by English rock band the Tears. It was released on 6 June 2005 on Independiente. Frontman Brett Anderson and guitarist Bernard Butler had found success together earlier in Suede, with Butler leaving that band after just two albums. Suede's career was on pause when the two reunited for this project. In January 2004, the pair had begun recording music together in secrecy; they decided to form the Tears with bassist Nathan Fisher, drummer Makoto Sakamoto and keyboardist Will Foster. The band had accumulated 18 demos by June 2004, after which, they started recording the album. Sessions were held across various studios with Butler as the producer and finished by October 2004. Here Come the Tears is a pop album that evokes the work of David Bowie, and was compared to Suede's second studio album Dog Man Star (1994).

Here Come the Tears received generally favourable reviews from critics, many of whom highlight the Dog Man Star comparison; some praised Anderson's lyrics, while others thought they were inferior to his lyrics with Suede. The album reached number 15 in the UK Albums Chart as the singles, "Refugees" and "Lovers" peaked at numbers nine and 24, respectively. The Tears began performing publicly in December 2004, which was followed by the album's lead single "Refugees" in April 2005. They went on a tour of the UK leading up to the album's release, which was promoted with the second single "Lovers" in June 2005. The band performed at the T in the Park and Reading and Leeds Festivals, prior to a tour of mainland Europe. "Autograph" was released as the album's third and final single in October 2005.

Background and recording
Vocalist Brett Anderson and guitarist Bernard Butler were previously members of the band Suede, who rose to prominence during the 1990s. Partway through the making of their second studio album Dog Man Star (1994), Butler left; he was replaced by Richard Oakes. Butler continued as a session musician, playing with the likes of Aimee Mann and Tim Booth of James, and formed the project McAlmont & Butler with David McAlmont for The Sound Of... McAlmont & Butler (1995). Butler went on to release two solo albums, People Move On (1998) and Friends and Lovers for Creation Records, which had folded by 2000. He reunited with McAlmont for Bring It Back (2002).

While this was occurring, Suede continued releasing albums through to A New Morning (2002); it was unsuccessful commercially, with the band taking an indefinite hiatus by the end of 2003. A few days after Suede's final show in December 2003, Butler was contacted by Anderson, marking the first time the pair spoke in nine years. In January 2004, it was reported that Anderson and Butler had recorded music together. Anderson would visit Butler at his house to write new material. The pair decided to form the Tears, which also featured bassist Nathan Fisher, drummer Makoto Sakamoto and keyboardist Will Foster. By June 2004, the band made demos of 18 songs for possible inclusion on their upcoming debut album.

Butler produced the sessions with Anderson acting as the executive producer; recording was held at RAK Studios, 2KHz, Alsatian Nation, West Heath Yard and Miloco Studios. Butler and Nick Terry served as engineers at Alsatian Nation, while Sebastian Lewsley did the same at West Heath Yard. They were assisted by Helen Atkinson and Richard Woodcraft at RAK, Adrian Breakspear at 2KHz, Joe Hirst and Jimmy Robertson at Miloco, and Jackson Gold at West Heath Yard. Steve Price recorded the orchestra at Angel Studios. Recording wrapped up in October 2004. All of the songs, bar "The Asylum", were mixed at The Strongroom with assistance from Tom Paterson; "The Asylum" was mixed at Miloco.

Composition and lyrics
Here Come the Tears is a pop album, which takes influence from the work of David Bowie, namely his albums The Man Who Sold the World (1970) and Hunky Dory (1971). Music critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine said it fell "between the incessantly catchy pop that wound up on Coming Up and the sighing romanticism and larger-than-life sweep of Dog Man Star". Dom Gourlay of Drowned in Sound wrote that the band were an "amalgam[ation] of Butler's prosthetic paean to prog-rock 'The Asphalt World' [from Dog Man Star] and an extension to what his 'Friends And Lovers' solo project may have sounded like with snappier couplets and more concise observations". RTÉ's Katie Moten said Here Come the Tears lacks any kind of substantial tempo changes, bar "A Love as Strong as Death", compared to Dog Man Star, which "boasted a host of varying beats and rhythms". Another comparison to Dog Man Star was made by Joe Tangari from Pitchfork, with him singling out the "wandering, Leslie'd pianos and smearing, slightly antagonistic string arrangements". Anderson's lyrics touch on the topics of being disconnected, misfits, regret, tragic love, yearning, loners and the feeling of being alienated. He said he was "slightly over-deliberately not writing about the kinds of things I was writing about in early Suede" material.

Anderson and Butler wrote the album's opening track "Refugees" as a reaction to how refugees are treated amongst the public and with immigration policies. Anderson said it began as a "song of identification with the hoards of refugees who were flooding London" a few years prior. It evokes some of the more up-tempo, glam pop songs from Suede's catalogue, namely from their 1993 debut self-titled album, as well as later tracks such as "Trash" (1996) and "...Morning" (2002). For "Autograph", Anderson recounts his regrets about being intimate with groupies over the years. The song's harmonica part recalled the one heard in "Hand in Glove" (1983) by the Smiths. The ballad "Co-Star" is followed by "Imperfection", which continues the theme of Suede's "Obsessions" (2002), that has Anderson describe his partner's flaws, done in tribute to Sonnet 130 by William Shakespeare. "The Ghost of You" deals with the subject of death, namely of Anderson's mother.

"Two Creatures" tackles the state of the world in the style of the Beautiful South and running away to Africa; "Lovers" comes across as a remake of "Trash", and recalls the work of Dodgy. "Fallen Idols" is about self-doubt, backed by Butler's Beatlesque guitar work that evokes Suede's "Stay Together (1994)". During a live performance, Anderson claimed "Fallen Idols" was about the life of the Who guitarist Pete Townshend. With "Brave New Century", Anderson said he wished to "humanise the immigrant communities", while also criticizing celebrity worship, which had become "more extreme and bizarre". Butler's guitars in it echo the sound of Led Zeppelin. "Beautiful Pain" uses drugs as a metaphor for a lover, in the vein of "There She Goes" (1988) by the La's, and discusses going cold turkey. Anderson wrote "The Asylum" about his father; Playlouder's David Barnett said it was "almost frightening in its frankness" as Anderson "more or less admits that he's bound for the loony bin". "Apollo 13" is a blues power ballad about a destructive relationship. The album's closing song "A Love as Strong as Death" uses weather to convey emotions, and is reminiscent of the Dog Man Star closer "Still Life".

Release and promotion
In October 2004, the Tears were formally announced to the public. In December 2004, the band made their live debut, marking the first time Anderson and Butler had played a show together in ten years. In February 2005, they played three shows, one of which was at the London Astoria as part of the NME Awards, where they were supported by Nine Black Alps, the Dead 60s and the Magic Numbers. On 3 March 2005, Here Come the Tears was announced for release later that year. "Refugees" was originally planned to be released as the album's lead single on 18 April 2005, before it was delayed to 25 April 2005; the 7-inch vinyl version included "Break Away". Two versions were released on CD: the first with "Southern Rain", while the second featured "Feels Like Monday", "Branded" and the music video for "Refugees". To promote it, the Tears embarked on a tour of the UK intertwined with a few in-store performances and signing events. During the Sheffield date of the trek, the band performed the Suede song "The Living Dead". The following month, they played one-off shows in London and Belfast.

Here Come the Tears was originally planned for release in May 2005, before it was delayed to 6 June 2005. The album's artwork is an image called "Guests 1998" by Christopher Bucklow. The Japanese edition, which was released by V2 Records, featured "Southern Rain" and "Song for the Migrant Worker" as bonus tracks. To help promote it, Anderson went on a promotional press tour across mainland Europe, and the band appeared at that year's Glastonbury and Oxegen festivals. "Lovers" was released as the album's second single three days later; the 7-inch vinyl version included "Because You're Worthless". Two versions were released on CD: the first with "Song for the Migrant Worker", while the second featured "Low-Life", "The Primitive" and the music video for "Lovers". Following this, the Tears performed at the T in the Park and Reading and Leeds Festivals, before undertaking a tour of mainland Europe. The band played a one-off show in London in October 2005, which had been rescheduled from August 2005 after a death in one of the members' families. Around this, "Autograph" was released as the album's third and final single on 24 October 2005.

Reception
Here Come the Tears proved a successful comeback for Butler and Anderson as it was praised by critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album has an average score of 74 out of 100, which indicates "generally favourable reviews" based on 17 reviews.

Some reviewers felt that Here Come the Tears sounded like later Suede material, while others found it to be more in line with Dog Man Star. Erlewine noted that, the album is "what Coming Up would have been if Butler had stuck around"; The Irish Times writer Brian Boyd said that if "this had been the follow-up to Dog Man Star, things might have been very different". Dave Simpson of The Guardian said it was not far removed from the albums Suede created without Butler's involvement. Hot Press writer Shilpa Ganatra said the Tears "shouldn’t be compared to Suede. They waived that right, however, when they managed to make Here Come The Tears sound exactly like Dog Man Star". Moten said the Tears "borrow a lot from that earlier partnership", with the album coming across as "far inferior to Suede's classic collection, 'Dog Man Star. She added that the listener "ultimately come[s] away thinking Butler and Anderson haven't done anything as The Tears that they didn't do better as Suede". BBC Music's Jamie Gill at the album's best it was as "fearless and ambitious as Suede's masterpiece Dog Man Star".

The staff at Entertainment.ie said Anderson counted Butler's "epic guitar lines" by "writing his most vivid and stirring songs for over a decade". Olga Bas of This Is Fake DIY said the album's first half had a "marked lack of truly impressionable lyrics. Not to say that happy songs cannot have good wordplay," though some lines "cannot help but inspire laughter at the silliness of it all". She was more complimentary for the second half, describing it as "much more somber and melancholy". musicOMH writer John Murphy saw an improvement with Anderson's lyrics, as he's "moved onto more substantial topics". Barnett, however, said that anyone "expecting the much-tromboned Anderson-Butler reunion to bring about a massive renaissance in Brett's lyrical prowess is going to be disappointed". Yahoo! Music reviewer Sharon O'Connell said that Anderson was "still penning lyrics about cigarettes, coffee, mascara and magazines, like he's just beamed in from the Bronze Age", an observation that Tangari and Andy Gill of The Independent also made.

Pete Cashmore of NME called Here Come the Tears the "best album you'll hear this year, by a mile", stating that its only flaw is that it is an "embarrassment of riches, a grande bouffe of drama, beauty and romance". The staff at Spin wrote "if this reunion [...] isn't a revelation, it still has its thrills, mostly via Butler's lush, breath taking backdrops". Barnet said that apart from the "handful of duff tracks and a couple of absolute howlers, 'Here Come The Tears' is a fine album - certainly not the best they've made together, nor even apart, but accomplished, ambitious and often highly impressive". Yallon Banoun of God Is in the TV wrote that overall, he thought it was "definitely a great comeback album. Only a few songs here recall the early Suede style, 'The tears' have managed to create their own distinctive sound, which is more 'Soul' inspired than Suede ever where". O'Connell said that Anderson and Butler "have basically remodelled themselves for a more sensible and sober Suede fan base". Stylus Magazine reviewer Mike Mineo wrote that the duo had "not lost a bit of the touch that made them famous in the early 1990s—this debut will surely prove to be one of the most consistent albums of the year".

Other reviews, however were more mixed, such as Uncut, who wrote that Here Come the Tears is "not a disaster, by any means.... It's just that, over 13 songs, it's abundantly clear that whatever the potency of this partnership, there's an old lack of range". Molen said that while the songs were "interesting enough," after a while, "they start to blend into each other [...] and the repetition is what affects you most". LAS Magazine writer Niles Baranowski wrote that it "sounds confident and brash but breaks little new ground", added that "[j]ust as on the first two Suede records, Butler's noisy, glittery guitar tone is a secret weapon". While it "fits nicely in Anderson and Butler's catalogs [...] it makes matters clear that all they'll ever do is release clones of what they once were".

Here Come the Tears charted at number 15 on the UK Albums Chart. "Refugees" peaked at number nine, while "Lovers" peaked at number 24. Andrew Womack, of online magazine The Morning News placed the album at number 8 in its list of the top 10 albums of 2005.

Track listing
All songs written by Brett Anderson and Bernard Butler.

 * 1) "Refugees"  – 2:51
 * 2) "Autograph"  – 3:31
 * 3) "Co-star"  – 4:01
 * 4) "Imperfection"  – 4:42
 * 5) "The Ghost of You"  – 4:57
 * 6) "Two Creatures"  – 3:57
 * 7) "Lovers"  – 4:03
 * 8) "Fallen Idol"  – 3:39
 * 9) "Brave New Century"  – 3:44
 * 10) "Beautiful Pain"  – 3:46
 * 11) "The Asylum"  – 3:53
 * 12) "Apollo 13"  – 5:34
 * 13) "A Love as Strong as Death"  – 4:14

Personnel
Personnel per booklet.

The Tears
 * Brett Anderson – vocals
 * Bernard Butler – electric guitar, string arranger
 * Nathan Fisher – bass
 * Makoto Sakamoto – drums
 * Will Foster – keyboards

Additional musicians
 * Sally Herbert – string arranger, conductor, strings
 * Gini Ball – strings
 * Dinah Beamish – strings
 * Catherine Browning – strings
 * Ian Burdge – strings
 * Gillon Cameron – strings
 * Calina De La Mare – strings
 * Howard Gott – strings
 * Steve Hussey – strings
 * Jackie Norrie – strings
 * Julia Singleton – strings
 * Anne Stephenson – strings
 * Lucy Wilkins – strings
 * Chris Worsey – strings
 * Brian Wright – strings
 * Skaila Kanga – harp
 * Matthew Gunner – French horn
 * Roland Sutherland – flute

Production and design
 * Bernard Butler – producer, engineer
 * Brett Anderson – executive producer, design
 * Nick Terry – engineer
 * Sebastian Lewsley – engineer
 * Helen Atkinson – assistant
 * Richard Woodcraft – assistant
 * Adrian Breakspear – assistant
 * Tom Paterson – assistant
 * Joe Hirst – assistant
 * Jimmy Robertson – assistant
 * Jackson Gold – assistant
 * Steve Price – orchestra recording
 * Christopher Bucklow – cover image
 * Richard Bull – design, art direction
 * Hamish Brown – portrait photography

title: Here Come the Tears


text:
Dodge Super Bee

The Dodge Super Bee is a mid-sized muscle car marketed by Dodge, that was produced for the 1968 through 1971 model years.

In Mexico, the Super Bee was based on a compact-sized Chrysler platform and marketed from 1970 until 1980.

The Super Bee model name was resurrected for the 2007, 2008, 2009, 2012, and 2013 Dodge Charger Super Bee models.

1968–1970 Chrysler B platform
The original Dodge Super Bee was based on the Dodge Coronet two-door coupe, and was produced from 1968 until 1970. It was Dodge's low-priced muscle car and rebranded and mildly distinguished from the Plymouth Road Runner. The origin of the name, "Super Bee", has its basis in the "B" Body designation pertinent to Chrysler's mid-sized cars, including the Road Runner and Charger.

1968
Plymouth's Road Runner sales were enough to have Dodge Division General Manager, Robert McCurry, request a similar model from the Dodge Styling office. Senior designer, Harvey J. Winn, won a "contest" with the name "Super Bee" and a new logo design based on the Dodge "Scat Pack" Bee medallion. The design of the first Super Bee was influenced by the 1968 Coronet convertible and the show car's interior was built by the Alexander Brothers. The show car was introduced at the 1968 Detroit Auto Show.

Although the two cars are similar in external appearance, the Super Bee was slightly heavier - approx. 65 lb - and rode on a 117 in wheelbase compared to the Road Runner's 116 in wheelbase. In addition to minor external differences, such as larger rear wheel openings, the bumblebee tailstripe and fancier grille, and the taillight ornamentation, the Super Bee also used actual diecast chrome-plated "Bee" medallions. These three-dimensional medallions were prominently mounted in a raised position in the grille/hood area and the trunklid/taillight area of the car throughout the first three years of production.

The Super Bee used a dash cluster from the Dodge Charger, while the 4-speed manual transmission cars received a Hurst Competition-Plus shifter with Hurst linkage; this shifter compared to the Road Runner's less expensive Inland shifter and linkage. Due to the higher-quality accessories attached to the Super Bee, the car was sold at a higher price in comparison to the Plymouth version and this had a negative effect on sales.

The Super Bee was available with the Hemi engine. This option raised the price by 33%, and 125 were sold. The 1968 model was available only as a two-door coupe, with two engine options, the base 335 hp 383 Magnum, and the 426 Hemi, rated at 425 hp.

The Super Bee included a heavy-duty suspension, an optional Mopar A833 4-speed manual transmission, and high-performance tires. Outside, a stripe (with the bee logo) was wrapped around the tail.

1969
A hardtop version joined the existing pillared coupe body in 1969 and a new optional twin-scooped air induction hood, the "Ramcharger", became available. This particular option was coded N96 and was the counterpart to the Plymouth Road Runner's "Coyote Duster" air induction hood. The "Ramcharger" hood featured forward-facing scoops.

A "six-pack" (three two-barrel Holley carburetors) version of Dodge's 440 cuin engine was added to the offering list mid-year rated at 390 bhp @ 4700 rpm and 490 lbft @ 3600 rpm of torque. The option code for this was A12, which changed the 5th digit of the VIN to M. These special order 1969 1/2 Dodge Super Bees are known as A12 M-code cars. The A12 package also equipped the cars with a Dana 60 axle with a 4:10 gear-ratio, heavy duty automatic transmission or a 4-speed manual, and a 'lift off' flat black scooped hood. Other components to the A12 package included heavy duty internal engine parts, black steel wheels with performance G70x15 tires, and heavy-duty 11-inch drum brakes. A total of 1,907 A12 M-code 440 Six Pack 1969 1/2 Dodge Super Bees were produced. This option fell half-way between the standard engine and the Hemi as a US$463 option. The 1969 model year included the base 383 Magnum, 440 Six Pack, and the 426 Hemi. The 440 Magnum (4bbl) was reserved for the Coronet R/T.

1970
For the 1970 model, the Super Bee received a redesign and a new front-end that consisted of a twin-looped front bumper that Dodge Public Relations referred to as "bumble bee wings". Sales fell for the year from 15,506 in 1970 to 5,054 in 1971—because of, or in spite of, this new look, with another sales pressure coming from higher insurance rates for performance cars; the similar Plymouth Road Runner and Plymouth Duster both experienced similar sales issues. In addition to the new looks, engine choices and "ramcharger" hood carried over from 1969, the 1970 cars from Dodge featured several new or improved options.

Engines:

Production:
 * 1968: 7,842–7,717 (383), 125 (426 Hemi)
 * 1969: 27,800–25,727 (383), 1,907 (440 Six Pack), 166 (426 Hemi)
 * 1970: 15,506

1971 Chrysler B platform
The 1971 Coronet line were built in four-door sedan and station wagon body versions, the Super Bee model was moved to the platform used by the Charger. Since an R/T muscle car version of the Charger already existed, the Super Bee was promoted as the low-priced model in the line, selling at US$3,271. Production numbers of the Super Bee reached 5,054, including 22 with the Hemi engine.

1971 was the first and only year that a small block engine (340 4-bbl) became available in the Super Bee.

Engines:
 * 1971: 340 in³ (5.6 L) Small-Block V8, 275 hp (205 kW)
 * 1971: 383 in³ (6.3 L) Big-Block V8, 300 hp (224 kW)
 * 1971: 440 in³ (7.2 L) Big-Block V8, 370 hp (275 kW)
 * 1971: 440 in³ (7.2 L) Big-Block V8, 385 hp (287 kW)
 * 1971: 426 in³ (7.0 L) Hemi V8, 425 hp (317 kW)
 * 1972: 400 in³ (6.6 L) Big-Block V8, 320 HP (4,800rpm, 410 ft-lbs torque 3,200 rpm)

The moniker was discontinued in the domestic market until the 2007 Super Bee, the LX platform based Charger SRT-8.

1970–1976
In 1970, Chrysler of Mexico introduced the new Dodge Super Bee as a replacement for the company's previous sports car product, the Plymouth Barracuda. As the production and sale costs of the third-generation Barracuda in Mexico were too high, Dodge adapted the semi-fastback A-Body platform and introduced the Super Bee at the beginning.

The Super Bee was only available with the V8 318 engine (270 hp) and either a four-speed or three-speed manual transmission. The 1970 model was virtually identical to the Plymouth Duster (known in Mexico as the "Valiant Duster"), with side stripes and the Super Bee decals.

In 1971, Dodge differentiated the Super Bee from the Duster, by using the grille from the American Dodge Demon. The model's body was modified on one further occasion, in 1972, and, by 1973, the front of the Dodge Dart became the standard design for the entire A Body line-up; the Duster, Super Bee, Valiant, and Dart all consisted of the same front grille, with the rear tail lights constituting the only difference between the Super Bee and the Valiant. However, in 1976, the final year for the A body cars, the front grille of the Plymouth model became the standard design.

The Valiant Super Bee was equipped with the 318 V8 engine, with 270 hp, from 1970 to 1974; from 1975 to 1976, it contained the 360 V8 engine, with 270 hp—these engines had more power in Mexico than in the US, as Mexican anti-pollution laws were less strict in comparison to the US. Over the years, these models only received minor changes, such as new grilles, rear panels, and tail lights. The first generation was produced from 1970 to 1976; during the fall of 1975, Chrysler introduced the new F Body cars: the Dodge Aspen and Plymouth Volare (as 1976 models), while the Aspen R/T and Volare Road Runner were released as the sports versions.

1977–1980
Chrysler de México continued to use old model names after they were dropped in the U.S. marketplace. The Dodge Aspen and Plymouth Volare were sold in Mexico as the Dodge Dart and the Valiant Volare, and the sports version was named the Valiant Super Bee. The Mexican Dodge Dart consisted of the front of the US Plymouth Volare and the rear of the Dodge Aspen, while the Mexican Valiant Volare and the Dodge Super Bee consisted of the front of the Dodge Aspen and the rear of the US Plymouth Volare.

The Super Bee was equipped with the 360 V8 engine and 270 hp, the three-speed Torque Flite automatic transmission (or the four-speed manual transmission), sports wide wheels, front spoiler, and a rear spoiler-style Trans Am with the Super Bee spelling (with an optional blind in the rear window). The federal highway patrol used Super Bee as a squad car. For the 1980-model year, the Super Bee received a new front with rectangular headlamps.

For the 1981 model year, the Dodge Diplomat was introduced in Mexico, under the name of Dodge Dart (replacing the Dodge Aspen), and was considered a luxury car. A new sports version of the 1981 Dodge Dart replaced the Valiant Super Bee and is now called the Dodge Magnum—the version consisted of the 360 V8 engine and 270 hp, with variations in transmissions: The three-speed automatic and the four-speed manual.

2007
A new 2007 Super Bee model was introduced at the 2006 North American International Auto Show. It is based on the Dodge Charger SRT-8 and its exterior consists of special "Detonator Yellow" paint, a "Flat Black" hood, and fender "decals". The production version consisted of a hood decal, rather than an entirely black hood, and the "hockey stick" stripe on the side was changed from solid black to a dashed black stripe positioned at the bottom of the exterior. The wheels are fully polished and do not contain the silver-painted areas of the "stock" SRT8 Charger. The interior is completely black, with yellow accent stitching on the seats and shift knob; this is unlike the "two-tone" interior of the standard SRT8 Charger which consists of red stitching (this is the only model that contains such an interior, as the Charger interior changed in 2008). The appearance of the shifter "bezel" and center console resembles that of carbon fiber, and the Super Bee logo appears in the instrument cluster during "power-up", instead of the SRT logo.

It is a limited edition car, with 1,000 made for the 2007 model year with build dates as early as August 2006. Each car is built in Brampton Assembly Plant, then shipped to Windsor to have decals applied and a unique number plaque on the passenger side of the dash. The number sequence on the dash does not necessarily follow build order, as multiple "Bees" were shipped to Windsor by car carrier, and the order was not retained. It uses the same 425 bhp Hemi 6.1 L engine as the SRT8 versions of the Dodge Charger, Dodge Magnum, Dodge Challenger and Chrysler 300C.

2008
For the 2008 model year, the Super Bee was only made in "B5 Blue Pearl Coat" (sometimes listed as "Surf Blue Pearl" ), reminiscent of the blue used by Chrysler vehicles in the 1960s and 1970s. Instead of fully polished SRT8 Charger wheels, the "pockets" are painted black on the ALCOA wheels. Blue accent stitching inside replaces the yellow found on the seats and steering wheel, but the Charger's interior was changed for 2008, so the dash and console are different than the 2007 version interior. This year also introduced touch screen navigation and an in-dash DVD player. It was based on the SRT-8 model using the 6.1 L engine and had a production run of 1,000 units.

2009
For the 2009 model year, the Super Bee was only made in "Hemi Orange Pearl Coat", and was based on the SRT-8 model. The Super Bee used the 6.1 L engine, and had a production run of 425. This year also introduced touch screen navigation and an in-dash DVD player with a hard drive. ALCOA wheels were standard this year only.

2012–2014 Charger (LD) platform
In 2011, the Super Bee SRT-8 returned as a 2012 model on the redesigned Dodge Charger with the 392 Hemi engine (6.4 L) in "Stinger Yellow" and "Pitch Black" colors, with additional colors being added for 2013 and 2014. This version of the Super Bee returned to the name's roots as a "budget" muscle car, devoid of most luxury items yet maintaining high performance in the form of a less expensive SRT model.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Dodge Super Bee


text:
Krissy Wendell-Pohl

Kristin Elizabeth "Krissy" Wendell-Pohl (born September 12, 1981) is an American former women's ice hockey player and current amateur scout for the Pittsburgh Penguins of the NHL. During the 2004–05 season, Wendell set an NCAA record for most short-handed goals in one season, with seven. At the conclusion of her college career, she held the record for most career short-handed goals, with 16. Both marks have since been equaled by Meghan Agosta. Wendell is currently in the Top 10 for all-time NCAA scoring, with 237 career points.

Playing career
While attending Park Center Senior High School in Brooklyn Park, Minnesota, Wendell led the girls' hockey team to a state championship. At the time she graduated from high school, Wendell was the state of Minnesota's all-time leading girls' high school scorer.

Wendell was a co-captain of the Minnesota Golden Gophers women's ice hockey team. A forward, she scored 133 points in two seasons (2002–2003, 2003–2004) for the Gophers. Wendell scored the game-winning goal in the 2005 Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) championship game against Wisconsin. Wendell followed that with a hat-trick against ECAC champion Harvard. Wendell was the NCAA runner-up in the scoring race to her teammate Natalie Darwitz with 98 points. Wendell did lead the NCAA in short-handed goals, with seven. She won the Patty Kazmaier Award in 2005 for best female collegiate hockey player. Wendell was the first player from Minnesota, and the first from the WCHA, to win the award.

Wendell was one of the stars of the United States women's national ice hockey team, and served as their team captain. She made her debut with the team at the 1998 Three Nations Cup. At the 2005 IIHF Women's World Championship, Wendell was named MVP, and led all players in scoring with nine points, as the United States won its first gold medal at the women's world championships. She was a member of the United States team at the 2006 Winter Olympics, winning a bronze medal.

Post-playing career
Following her playing career, Wendell-Pohl coached girls high school hockey in Minnesota with her husband, and former NHL player, Johnny Pohl. She was then hired by the Pittsburgh Penguins as a scout on November 6, 2021, becoming the third woman to hold a scouting position with an NHL team after Cammi Granato and Blake Bolden. Her responsibilities are to scout amateur players, predominantly high school players, in the Minnesota area.

In 2024, Wendell-Pohl was announced as an inductee into the Hockey Hall of Fame.

Personal life
In, Wendell was the fifth girl to play in the Little League World Series, and the first to start at the catcher position.

Wendell was featured on the Nickelodeon game show, Figure It Out, when she was 16.

She married NHL player John Pohl on August 11, 2007, in Roseville, Minnesota. They have three daughters.

Awards

 * 2000 Minnesota Ms. Hockey Award
 * 2000 Bob Johnson Award for excellence in international competition (awarded at the USA Hockey Annual Congress)
 * 2001 Bob Allen Women's Player of the Year Award
 * 2002 Olympic Silver Medal
 * 2003, 2004 NCAA D1 W. Ice Hockey Champion
 * 2004 Little League Hall of Excellence
 * 2004 NCAA Division I women's ice hockey tournament Most Outstanding Player
 * 2004 NCAA All-Tournament Team
 * 2005 NCAA All-Tournament Team
 * 2005 Patty Kazmaier Award
 * 2005 USA Hockey Bob Johnson Award
 * 2005 Most Valuable Player, Women's World Hockey Championships
 * 2006 Olympic Bronze Medal
 * 2007 All-Star, Women's World Hockey Championships
 * 2019 U.S. Hockey Hall of Fame
 * 2024 Hockey Hall of Fame

title: Krissy Wendell-Pohl


text:
User talk:Erbo

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
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Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 03:39, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Creating Articles w/ Categories
Good work creating new articles. When you create things, it helps tremendously to assign them to an accurate category (see WP:CG for info). If you're really not sure about categories, at least assign your new articles a stub category (see WP:SC for info). By assigning a category, you help make sure your new articles don't get lost as 'orphans' that are not associated with related topics. Feco
 * Thank you for the reminder. I have added what I think are appropriate category tags to both the articles I have added recently. Erbo 05:37, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Erbo


text:
Colorado Silver Boom

The Colorado Silver Boom was a dramatic expansionist period of silver mining activity in the U.S. state of Colorado in the late 19th century. The boom started in 1879 with the discovery of silver at Leadville. Over 82 million dollars worth of silver was mined during the period, making it the second great mineral boom in the state, and coming 20 years after the earlier and shorter Colorado Gold Rush of 1859. The boom was largely the consequence of large-scale purchases of silver by the United States Government authorized by Congress in 1878. The boom endured throughout the 1880s, resulting in an intense increase in both the population and wealth of Colorado, especially in the mountains. It came to an end in 1893 in the wake of the collapse of silver prices caused by the repeal of Sherman Silver Purchase Act.

Silver had been discovered in Colorado in the 1860s, with early mining in Clear Creek Canyon at Georgetown in 1864. In the early days, the mineral was overshadowed by gold, and the low price of mineral meant that most mines were not profitable enough to operate. In 1878, responding to pressure from western interests, the United States Congress passed the Bland–Allison Act authorizing the free coinage of silver. The government demand raised the price of the metal to the point where many additional mines were profitable. The discovery of the Leadville district the following year resulted in a flood of new immigrant prospectors to many of the same mountain gullies that had been the site of the gold rush. The resulting opulence was most lavish in Leadville itself. The repeal of the Sherman Act in 1893 conversely led to a collapse of silver prices, bringing an end to the boom as.

Beginning in 1889, Creede, Colorado was the site of another big silver boom. The first discovery was made at the Alpha mine in 1869, but the silver could not be extracted at a profit from the complex ores. The great “Boom Days” started with the discovery of rich minerals in Willow Creek Canyon. The town leapt from a population of 600 in 1889 to more than 10,000 people in December 1891. The mines operated continuously until 1995. Creede was the last silver boom town in Colorado in the 19th century.

The boom continued unabated throughout the 1880s and early 1890s, years that gave the state many of the historic structures in its cities and towns. The boom also drove many extensions of the railway network in the mountains, including such lines as the Denver, South Park and Pacific, which built an early narrow-gauge line to Leadville. Likewise the extension of the railroad network up the Roaring Fork Valley to the previously failed mining town of Aspen in the late 1880s made the extraction of silver ore there economically feasible, and saved the town from near extinction.

The government purchases of silver were subsequently nearly doubled by the 1890 Sherman Silver Purchase Act, further extending the boom into the early 1890s. The repeal of the act in 1893 resulted in a collapse of silver prices, bringing about an end to the boom. After 1893, many mining camps became ghost towns. The accompanying collapse in statewide economic activity was ameliorated somewhat by the simultaneous emergence of agriculture, previously derided as not feasible, as a large component of the state economy.

The working conditions inside the mines were often very dangerous. Silicosis, which at the time was incurable, ruined miners' lungs quickly. Many other hazards existed. Apart from the lanterns or tallow candles the miners carried, the mines were otherwise completely dark. Miners at the time were also subject to the threat of tunnel collapse, flooding, and the lack of oxygen in the deeper areas of the mines. Often the miners brought caged canaries down with them; when the bird passed out, it indicated that the oxygen levels were dangerously low in the area. Mines were commonly very small and tightly spaced to save on the cost, effort, and time it would take to expand the tunnels, and so resulted in the use of people of smaller stature and even children.

title: Colorado Silver Boom


text:
Mexican Radio

"Mexican Radio" is a song by American rock band Wall of Voodoo. The track was initially released on their second studio album Call of the West (1982).

The video for the single was regularly featured on MTV in the United States, contributing to the song's popularity. The song peaked in the US at No. 58 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. It also reached No. 18 in Canada, No. 21 in New Zealand, No.33 in Australia and No. 64 in the UK.

Composition
The song's lyrics describe listening to the broadcasts of high-wattage unregulated Mexican radio stations, known as border blasters, whose AM broadcasts are strong enough to be picked up by radio receivers in the US. The song was inspired by car trips taken by Wall of Voodoo frontman Stan Ridgway and guitarist Marc Moreland on their way to rehearsals, when they would listen to Mexican broadcasts, preferring their programming to mainstream Los Angeles radio. During one of the band's sessions, Moreland played them a demo tape that he had recorded of himself repeatedly singing the line "I'm on a Mexican radio" over a guitar riff and that sound clip became the starting point of the single.

Writing and recording
The lyrics for "Mexican Radio" were written by Ridgway and Moreland; the music was written by Moreland.

Producer Richard Mazda and recording engineer Jess Sutcliffe, both from England, were invited to Los Angeles to record with Wall of Voodoo by Miles Copeland, founder of I.R.S. Records. The songs "Mexican Radio" and "Suburban Lawns", from Wall of Voodoo's album Call of the West, were recorded with Mazda and Sutcliffe over the course of a weekend at Hit City West studios in Los Angeles.

In order to emulate the sounds of AM radio, many of the song's instruments, including the synthesizers, were played through amplifiers, rather than being recorded directly through the microphones to the mixing console. They recorded some of Moreland's guitar through an amplifier placed in the restroom at the back of the studio and Ridgway sang some of the vocals through a handmade bullhorn. The song also includes soundbites recorded by Ridgway during a trip to Mexico, including the broadcast of a dog race that was playing over a radio in a bar that he visited.

The song was recorded using a Soundcraft mixing console and one 24-track recorder along with Shure and AKG microphones. The synthesizer parts were played on a Minimoog and an Oberheim-8 voice sequencer, the majority of which were recorded through Fender Twin Reverb and Vox AC30 amplifiers. It is the Oberheim-8 that was used to create the sounds right at the opening of the song. The instrumental track for "Mexican Radio" was created using two different drum machines: a Roland TR-808 and a Kalamazoo Rhythm Ace, an older device once owned by voice actor Daws Butler.

Music video
The video for "Mexican Radio" was featured regularly on MTV in the weeks following its release. It was the first music video created by filmmaker and former the Bruthers frontman Frank Delia, who had been a long-time friend of Wall of Voodoo band members. The video impressed the Ramones, who hired Delia to direct videos for them as a result.

The video also includes bizarre imagery, including a shot of Ridgway's face surfacing from a bowl of beans. Some of the footage was shot in Tijuana, Mexico at the bullfights. Also, actor Carel Struycken makes a brief appearance playing the video's director.

The video cost $15,000 to make and was originally shot on film.

Critical reception
In 1983 Jim Sullivan of The Boston Globe called "Mexican Radio" a "mildly warped tune...with irresistibly catchy melody lines," and Moira McCormick of Billboard magazine called it an "intriguingly quirky single" in 1985. In 2012 Rolling Stone said "it's a pretty unconventional pop song, but it's extremely catchy. NPR referred to "Mexican Radio" as "such a wonderfully weird song" and "one of the most compelling, memorable sing-alongs ever" in 2020.

The song gained cult status and was often played on radio stations featuring punk and new wave music. Being the only single by Wall of Voodoo to reach the top 100 in the US, "Mexican Radio" is considered a one-hit wonder.

Ridgway, who left Wall of Voodoo in 1983 to embark on a solo career, told Mix magazine in 2005: "The 'one-hit wonder' status of 'Mexican Radio' is not something to be ashamed of. Obviously, it's not all the band was about, and it's possible the light from it blinded some people from hearing other things the band did, but it exposed a lot of people to our music who probably wouldn't have heard it — and maybe because of it, after Wall of Voodoo I was lucky enough to continue to write songs and make music. If there wasn't a 'Mexican Radio,' you probably wouldn't be talking to me now."

7" single
Side A Side B
 * 1) "Mexican Radio" — 3:55
 * 1) "Call of the West" — 6:00

 * In the United States, two different catalog numbers were shown on the seven-inch single. The first, SP-70963 on IRS label was for promotional use only. and issued without a picture sleeve. The second, IR-9912 on IRS label released for both promotional and commercial use with a picture sleeve.

Two Songs by Wall of Voodoo 12" single I.R.S. Sp-070407
Side A Side B
 * 1) "Mexican Radio" — 3:56
 * 1) "There's Nothing on This Side" — 10:08

 * Side B is actually two separate tracks. The first is an instrumental piece, which leads directly into "Mexican Radio (Limited Edition Special Dub Mix)", which is unlisted.

1989 mini CD reissue

 * 1) "Mexican Radio" — 3:55
 * 2) "Tomorrow" — 2:43
 * 3) "Call of the West" — 5:35

 * Tracks 2 and 3 recorded live at Barstow Auditorium, Barstow, CA on August 18, 1982.

Covers
The Swiss black metal band Celtic Frost covered the song on their 1987 album Into the Pandemonium. Authority Zero covered the song as well.

title: Mexican Radio


text:
Denis O'Hare

Denis Patrick Seamus O'Hare (born January 17, 1962) is an American actor, singer, and author noted for his award-winning performances in the plays Take Me Out and Sweet Charity, as well as portraying vampire king Russell Edgington on HBO's fantasy series True Blood. He is also known for his supporting roles in such films as Charlie Wilson's War (2007), Milk (2008), Changeling (2008), and Dallas Buyers Club (2013). In 2011, he starred as Larry Harvey in the first season of the FX anthology series American Horror Story, for which he was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie in 2012. He returned to the show in 2013, playing Spalding in American Horror Story: Coven and once more as Stanley in American Horror Story: Freak Show, the latter for which he earned a second Primetime Emmy Award nomination. For his performance in American Horror Story: Hotel as Liz Taylor, O'Hare received critical acclaim.

Early life
O'Hare was born in Kansas City, Missouri, the son of Margaret Karene (née Kennedy; January 25, 1931 – October 8, 2008) and John M. O'Hare. He has three sisters, Pam, Patricia and Kathleen, and one brother, Michael. O'Hare grew up in the suburbs of Detroit, living in Southfield until he was 15, when his family moved to Wing Lake in Bloomfield Hills. His mother was a musician and he grew up playing the church organ. O'Hare is of Irish descent and holds an Irish passport.

As a teenager, O'Hare was in his school's choir, and in 1974, he went to his first audition, gaining a chorus part in a community theatre production of Show Boat. In 1980, O'Hare left Detroit for Chicago to study theatre at Northwestern University.

Career
O'Hare won a Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Play for his performance in Richard Greenberg's Take Me Out, where his character's lengthy monologues in which he slowly falls in love with the game of baseball were considered the main reason for his award. He won the 2005 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actor in a Musical for his role as Oscar Lindquist in the Broadway revival of Sweet Charity.

In 2003, O'Hare played a doctor in 21 Grams. In 2004, he played Charles J. Guiteau in the Broadway production of Stephen Sondheim's Assassins, for which he was nominated for the Best Performance by a Featured Actor in a Musical Tony Award. He lost to co-star Michael Cerveris who played John Wilkes Booth. Before appearing in those shows, he appeared on Broadway in the 1998 revival of Cabaret, in which he played Ernst Ludwig onstage and the clarinet in the show's orchestra, the Kit Kat Band. O'Hare was featured in the Hallmark Hall of Fame presentation of Saint Maybe. He has appeared as a guest star on several episodes of Law & Order and its spin-offs, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit and Law & Order: Criminal Intent.

In 2008, he appeared as a guest star on several episodes of Brothers & Sisters. His feature film credits include The Anniversary Party, 21 Grams, Garden State, Derailed, Michael Clayton, A Mighty Heart, Half Nelson, Milk, Edge of Darkness, Charlie Wilson's War and Changeling. In 2009, O'Hare portrayed Phillip Steele (an amalgam character based on Quentin Crisp's friends Phillip Ward and Tom Steele) in a television biopic on Crisp entitled An Englishman in New York. The same year he played therapist Dr. David Worth in the series Bored to Death (episode 1.3).

In 2010, O'Hare joined the cast of HBO's True Blood in its third season as Russell Edgington, the vampire king of Mississippi who is 2,800 years old. In 2011, he appeared in the film The Eagle as a Roman officer named Lutorius. He has appeared in a recurring role as Judge Charles Abernathy on the television drama series The Good Wife and The Good Fight. O'Hare also co-starred as Larry Harvey in FX's first season of American Horror Story, Murder House.

In 2012, O'Hare starred alongside Amy Adams and Donna Murphy as the Baker in Stephen Sondheim's Into the Woods at The Public Theater. The production played at the Delacorte Theatre in Central Park, NYC, from July 23 to September 1, 2012. In 2013, O'Hare returned to American Horror Story for its third season, American Horror Story: Coven, where he portrayed Spalding, the house butler. O'Hare portrayed con artist, Stanley on the fourth season of the series, American Horror Story: Freak Show. In 2015, O'Hare played a hotel worker, Liz Taylor on the fifth season of the series, American Horror Story: Hotel, and in 2016, he was Dr. Elias Cunningham on the sixth season, American Horror Story: Roanoke. Most recently, O'Hare portrayed the Provincetown resident Holden Vaughn on the tenth season, American Horror Story: Double Feature.

In 2023–2024, he played Man in Stephen Sondheim's final musical, Here We Are.

Personal life
O'Hare is gay and has been married to designer Hugo Redwood since July 28, 2011. The couple have an adopted son, Declan. He identifies as an atheist.

title: Denis O'Hare


text:
Florence Nightingale Museum

The Florence Nightingale Museum is located at St Thomas' Hospital, which faces the Palace of Westminster across the River Thames in South Bank, central London, England. It is open to the public five days a week, Wednesday to Sunday 10:00am until 5:00pm (last entry at 4:30pm).

The museum tells the real story of Florence Nightingale, "the lady with the lamp", from her Victorian childhood to her experiences in the Crimean, through to her years as an ardent campaigner for health reform. Nightingale is recognised as the founder of modern nursing in the United Kingdom. The new museum explains her legacy and also celebrates nursing today: it is a member of The London Museums of Health & Medicine group.

In 1860, four years after her famous involvement in the Crimean War, Nightingale founded the Nightingale Training School for nurses at St. Thomas' Hospital and the museum is located on this site.

The new museum is designed around three pavilions that tell her story. The Gilded Cage tells the story of Nightingale's privileged childhood and her struggle against stifling social conventions. The Calling shows how Nightingale and her team coped with the crisis in the military hospitals where the legend of the lady with the lamp was born. Reform and Inspire shows the other side of Nightingale, the reformer who campaigned tirelessly for health reform at home and abroad.

Highlights from the Collection include the writing slate Nightingale used as a child, her pet owl Athena (which she rescued in Athens and hand reared, and which became her constant companion, travelling everywhere in her pocket), and Nightingale's medicine chest, which she took with her to the Crimean. It contains a mix of medicines and herbal remedies, from bicarbonate of soda to powdered rhubarb. The museum displays a rare Register of Nurses that lists women who served under Nightingale in the military hospitals in Turkey and the Crimean.

Interactive exhibits have been created to offer different ways of exploring Florence's story and influence. Free creative activities for children are offered during the holidays.

title: Florence Nightingale Museum


text:
Mudd Jeans

Mudd Jeans (or simply Mudd) is a women's clothing brand marketed to adult and young women, founded by Dick Gilbert, George Fontini, Marty Weisfeld and Joanne Jacobsen in 1995. The brand became popular when they introduced their affordable flare-leg jeans, which was a popular style at the time.

The brand then expanded to a wider line of products, which currently includes jeans, dresses, jackets, shirts, t-shirts, blouses, tops, shorts, sweaters, and lingerie.

In 2006, Mudd was bought by Iconix Brand Group who owns various fashion and home brands. Under new ownership Mudd has continued to expand their brand and has introduced "Mudd Girls Move the World" which features real girls and their stories about helping out in their community. Until 1997, Mudd products could be found in the United States at Kohl's, JC Penney, Sears, Shoe Dept., Target, Famous Footwear, Bealls, Bon Ton, Dillard's, Carson Pirie Scott, and Stage. Mudd is also available in Panama and Mexico. Recently, Mudd became an exclusive of Kohl's stores. As of 2 November 2022, Kohls.com reports that they no longer carry the Mudd brand.

title: Mudd Jeans


text:
Graham-Paige 835

The Graham-Paige 835 introduced at the New York Automobile Show in January 1928 was the largest of that year's Graham-Paige range. It was powered by a 120 bhp, 5279 cc straight eight-cylinder L-head engine bought in from Continental. The transmission was a Warner Gear four-speed unit with first intended only as a reserve or emergency gear, second for normal starts and third and fourth as a choice as top gear depending on road conditions. The 135 in wheelbase chassis had balloon tires and pressed steel wheels.

The 835 model was revised for 1929 and was offered in two sizes designated the 827 and 837, on 127 in and 137 in wheelbases respectively. The engines were rubber mounted.

Papal limousine
A Graham-Paige 837 limousine was supplied to Pope Pius XI, becoming one of the first papal cars.

title: Graham-Paige 835


text:
Patient Self-Determination Act

The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) was passed by the United States Congress in 1990 as an amendment to the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. Effective on December 1, 1991, this legislation required many hospitals, nursing homes, home health agencies, hospice providers, health maintenance organizations (HMOs), and other health care institutions to provide information about advance health care directives to adult patients upon their admission to the healthcare facility. This law does not apply to individual physicians.

Section 1233 of the proposed America's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009 (H.R. 3200) would have authorized reimbursements for physician counseling regarding advance directives (once every five years) but it was not included in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 because of controversy over what were characterized as "death panels."

Requirements
The requirements of the PSDA are as follows:
 * Patients are given written notice upon admission to the health care facility of their decision-making rights, and policies regarding advance health care directives in their state and in the institution to which they have been admitted. Patient rights include:
 * The right to facilitate their own health care decisions
 * The right to accept or refuse medical treatment
 * The right to make an advance health care directive
 * Facilities must inquire as to whether the patient already has an advance health care directive, and make note of this in their medical records.
 * Facilities must provide education to their staff and affiliates about advance health care directives.
 * Health care providers are not allowed to discriminately admit or treat patients based on whether or not they have an advance health care directive.

title: Patient Self-Determination Act


text:
User talk:Loro LoLaja Kujjo

Welcome!
Hi,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! I hope you like this place — I sure do — and want to stay. Before getting too in-depth, you may want to read about the five pillars of Wikipedia. If you need help on how to title new articles check out the naming conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the manual of style. If you need help look at Help and the FAQ, plus if you can't find your answer there, check the Village Pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions)! There's still more help at the Tutorial and Policy Library. Plus, don't forget to visit the Community Portal. And if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my user talk page. ---

Additional tips
Here's some extra tips to help you get around in the 'pedia!
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills the Sandbox is for you.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes, like . If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
 * You may want to add yourself to the new user log.
 * If you ever think a page or image should be deleted, please list it at the votes for deletion page. There is also a votes for undeletion page if you want to retrieve something that you think should not have been deleted.
 * If you're still entirely confused, or would like to get a better grasp of your wikipedia skills, and you have an IRC client (or don't mind getting one), check out the Bootcamp. It's not what it sounds like, but it is fun and can help you with your editing skills.
 * If you're bored and want to find something to do, try the Random page button in the sidebar, or check out the Open Task message in the Community Portal.

Happy Wiki-ing.
— Ilγαηερ   (Tαlκ)  03:46, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Bari
Hi Loro. I've created a home for your Bari people article. Cheers. --Lee Hunter 23:47, 19 May 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Loro LoLaja Kujjo


text:
I Wish

I Wish may refer to:

Film

 * I Wish (film), a 2011 Japanese film by Hirokazu Kore-eda
 * I Wish (Qimiao-de lucheng), a 2007 Taiwan comedy with Blackie Chen and Cheryl Yang

Music

 * I Wish (band), a Japanese pop group
 * "I Want" song, a type of song popular in musical theatre

Albums

 * I Wish (Sammy Adams album) (2012)
 * I Wish (Skee-Lo album) (1995)
 * I Wish (Deen album) (1996)

Songs

 * "I Wish" (Carl Thomas song) (2000)
 * "I Wish" (Cher Lloyd song) (2013)
 * "I Wish" (Gabrielle song) (1993)
 * "I Wish" (Hayley Kiyoko song) (2019)
 * "I Wish" (Jo Dee Messina song) (2003)
 * "I Wish" (Joel Corry song) (2021)
 * "I Wish" (Kodak Black song) (2022)
 * "I Wish" (Mini Viva song) (2009)
 * "I Wish" (Morning Musume song) (2000)
 * "I Wish" (R. Kelly song) (2000)
 * "I Wish" (Shanice song) (1994)
 * "I Wish" (Skee-Lo song) (1995)
 * "I Wish" (Stevie Wonder song) (1976)
 * "I Wish", a 2006 song by Babyshambles from The Blinding E.P.
 * "I Wish", a 1998 song by Graham Coxon from The Sky Is Too High
 * "I Wish", a 2007 song by Hilary Duff from Dignity
 * "I Wish", a 2011 song by Hot Chelle Rae from Whatever
 * "I Wish", a 2022 song by Imagine Dragons from Mercury – Acts 1 & 2
 * "I Wish", a 2003 song by Infected Mushroom from Converting Vegetarians
 * "I Wish", a 1999 song by Ai Maeda for Digimon Adventure
 * "I Wish", a 2011 song by One Direction from Up All Night
 * "I Wish", a 2021 song by Jace Chan from Processing

title: I Wish


text:
Multiple-effect evaporator

In chemical engineering, a multiple-effect evaporator is an apparatus for efficiently using the heat from steam to evaporate water. Water is boiled in a sequence of vessels, each held at a lower pressure than the last. Because the boiling temperature of water decreases as pressure decreases, the vapor boiled off in one vessel can be used to heat the next, and only the first vessel (at the highest pressure) requires an external source of heat. The multiple-effect evaporator was invented by the American (Louisiana Creole) engineer Norbert Rillieux. Although he may have designed the apparatus during the 1820s and constructed a prototype in 1834, he did not build the first industrially practical evaporator until 1845. Originally designed for concentrating sugar in sugar cane juice, it has since become widely used in all industrial applications where large volumes of water must be evaporated, such as salt production and water desalination.

Multiple-effect evaporation commonly uses sensible heat in the condensate to preheat liquor to be flashed. In practice the design liquid flow paths can be somewhat complicated in order to extract the most recoverable heat and to obtain the highest evaporation rates from the equipment. While in theory, evaporators may be built with an arbitrarily large number of stages, evaporators with more than four stages are rarely practical except in certain applications. Multiple-effect evaporation plants in sugar beet factories have up to eight effects; sextuple-effect evaporators are common in the recovery of black liquor in the kraft process for making wood pulp.

title: Multiple-effect evaporator


text:
Battle of Kars

The Battle of Kars was a decisive Russian victory over the Ottoman Empire during the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878). The battle for the city took place on November 17, 1877, and resulted in the Russians capturing the city along with a large portion of the Ottoman forces defending the city. Although the actual battle for the city lasted a single night, fighting for the city began in the summer of that year. The idea of taking the city was considered impossible by some in Russian high command and many soldiers, who thought it would lead to needlessly high Russian casualties without any hopes of success due to the strength of the Ottoman position. Loris Melikov and others among the Russian command, however, devised a plan of attack that saw Russian forces conquer the city after a night of long and hard fighting. The Ottoman defeat at Kars had widespread consequences regionally, and the city was formally annexed at the Treaty of Berlin.

Battles in the build up to the attack
The start to the successful Russian attack of the city of Kars began in early October with fighting in the surrounding areas around Kars. Fighting in October 1877 began with the Russians advancing on the hills of Little Yahni on October 2, and Great Yahni on October 3. Although the Russians experienced success in regards to Great Yahni, the Ottoman forces garrisoning Little Yahni were putting up a fierce resistance, and by October 4, General Loris Melikov called off his attack of the hill. Despite their success on Great Yahni, the Russians had already suffered 5,000 casualties and their soldiers were exhausted after near constant fighting and marching for two to three days straight. At this point, the Ottoman army had amassed nearly 5,000 casualties. For a short period there was peace on the front, with the Turkish forces retreating to the fortified positions of Alaca-Dag on the 8th. By the 14th of October, fighting had resumed with the commence of a Russian flanking maneuver led by General Lazarev. He fielded as much as 11,000 men for the attack, including 2,500 sabres and 72 guns, in opposition to about 10,000 Ottoman men tasked with the defense of a frontline spanning nearly 15 miles long. The result of the battle was the rout of Ahmet Muhtar’s army on the 15th. The Ottoman general amassed 6,000 casualties in comparison to the 1,500 casualties the Russians suffered.

The storming of Kars
After the successes in the battles in the area surrounding the city, the Russian high command began their plans for the attack on the city of Kars. The Ottoman garrison guarding the city consisted of 18,000 infantry as well as 5,000 artillery. The Russian army, on the other hand, involved 30,000 infantry and 144 guns in the attack. Despite the numerical superiority, French attaché General de Courcy, who was advising the Russians, declared the fortress impregnable and that any attack would lead to countless Russian casualties. His opinion was shared by many in the high command as well as the majority of the troops. The city was well defended, and an all out assault would likely lead to enormous Russian casualties as General de Courcy suggested. The Russian high command, however, planned a night attack that involved careful preparation for two weeks prior and simultaneous attacks along a stretched enemy line. The first part the Russian attack was a heavy bombardment of the cities defenses and suburbs in the weeks leading up to the actual assault, with the goal of demoralizing the civilian population that already yearned for capitulation. The Russians began their assault on the city at 9 pm on November 17 with simultaneous attacks on several points along the city. The complete surprise of the attack, as well as the demoralized and under equipped Ottoman forces defending the city, meant that after intense fighting throughout the night, the city fell the next day. The Russians captured 17,000 prisoners, with 4,500 of those being sick and wounded in the hospitals. The Ottoman fighting forces additionally lost 2,500 soldiers, and the Russians amassed 2,196 casualties.

Aftermath of the Battle of Kars
The Russian success at the Battle of Kars largely wrapped up the Caucasian front of the Russo-Turkish war of 1877-1878. The city, along with surrounding territory governed by the Ottoman Empire up to that point, was ceded to the Russian empire after the Treaty of Berlin. The following years saw a significant amount of Armenians immigrate from the Ottoman Empire into Russian Transcaucasia, as well as Muslim Turks and Kurds immigrate from the newly annexed Russian territory into Ottoman lands.

Legacy
In 1880, Russian composer Modest Mussorgsky wrote a triumphal march named "The Capture of Kars" in honor of the victory.

title: Battle of Kars


text: User talk:69.14.252.252

title: User talk:69.14.252.252


text:
Born Again (The Notorious B.I.G. album)

Born Again is the first posthumous compilation album by American rapper The Notorious B.I.G., released by Bad Boy Records and Arista Records on December 7, 1999. It is composed primarily of early recorded verses with newer beats and guest rappers.

The album debuted at #1 on the Billboard 200 chart with 485,000 albums sold in the first week, and was certified 2× Platinum by the RIAA on January 14, 2000 and has sold over 2,350,000 copies in the United States. Born Again received generally mixed reviews from music critics.

Critical reception
The album generally received mixed reviews from critics. In a contemporary review for Rolling Stone, Touré wrote that the "album won't damage his legacy. But Born Again won't improve that legacy much, either." Rob Sheffield later wrote in The Rolling Stone Album Guide, "the posthumous Born Again proved Biggie was still dead, but his place in the MCs Hall of Fame remains untouchable." Robert Christgau, who gave the release a "dud" rating, later wrote, "Remember that posthumous outtakes CD Bad Boy attributed to Biggie? No? Good then—it was foul, not just ill shit but stupid ill shit."

Track listing
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.

Notes
 * $undefined$ signifies a co-producer
 * $undefined$ signifies an additional producer
 * $undefined$ signifies a vocal producer
 * $undefined$ signifies the original producer

Sample credits
 * "Notorious B.I.G." contains samples of "Notorious", written by John Taylor, Nicholas Bates, and Simon Le Bon; performed by Duran Duran.
 * "Biggie" contains samples of "Hang Your Head in Shame", written by Wes Farrell and John Bahler, performed by New York City.
 * "Dead Wrong" contains a sample of "I'm Glad You're Mine", written and performed by Al Green.
 * "Big Booty Hoes" contains samples of "Crab Apple" written by David Mathews, performed by Idris Muhammad. It also contains samples of "Bust a Nut", written by Luther Campbell, Christopher Wallace, |Frankie Cutlass and Allen Toussaint; performed by Luke.
 * "Come On" contains samples of "For Mama", written by Charles Aznavour, Don Black, and Robert Gall; performed by Doc Severinsen. It also contains re-sung elements of "Theme from Mahogany", written by Gerry Goffin and Michael Masser.
 * "Rap Phenomenon" contains samples of "Keep Your Hands High", written by Thom Bell, Roland Chambers, Kenneth Gamble, Ike Lee, Tracey Lee, and Christopher Wallace; performed by Tracey Lee.
 * "Let Me Get Down" contains samples of "Love Serenade", written and performed by Barry White.
 * "Tonight" contains samples of "Just Say Just Say", written by Nickolas Ashford and Valerie Simpson, performed by Diana Ross and Marvin Gaye.
 * "Who Shot Ya" contains samples of "I'm Afraid the Masquerade is Over", written by Allie Wrubel and Herbert Magidson, performed by David Porter.
 * "Can I Get Witcha" contains samples of "Livin' It Up (Friday Night)", written and performed by Bell and James.
 * "I Really Want to Show You" contains samples of "Charisma", written by Ed Fox and Alan Scott, performed by Tom Browne.

title: Born Again (The Notorious B.I.G. album)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ninja Tag

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. jni 19:10, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Ninja Tag
Actually sounds pretty badass, but only gets a few Google hits, so I'm saying delete as original research. --InShaneee 03:48, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - It sounds like a blast, and I really want to keep, but I don't think it's notable enough. – ClockworkSoul 03:50, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Looks hilarious, but also like someone's talking out ther as- ... ear. And definately not something that I've ever heard of, or found on a brief search to check it.  I think someone's just trying to make their made-up game a little more real. --TheAdversary 06:42, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete although, damn, that sure sounds fun! Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 13:51, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. If the game is legitimate it should probably be merged with Capture the flag --Fuzzball! (talk) 19:09, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, original research. Megan1967 03:58, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I love "Capture the Flag" and this sounds like incredible fun.  Sadly, 'tis original research.  Hey, if we ever get together in person, I'm up for a round! - Lucky 6.9 05:56, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. That is a pretty cool idea and I found 3 google hits.  - Isep 13:05, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Guess what kind of puppet Isep is...? Right!  Two edits.  One here and one at the original article. - Lucky 6.9 02:51, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Dang. You're onto me. :-p - Isep 23:42, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Yup. :)  I still think the game sounds like fun. - Lucky 6.9 19:04, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I think the game's pretty unique and it's also a fun article. It could probably use more writing of the rules, but I say keep.  - blackcomet 23:53, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Posted by non-regerstered anon user user:4.155.63.12, only 2 edits to this page. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 03:56, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per reasons for deletion given above. --Boothy443 | comhrÚ 03:57, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User:Laineypaige

About Me
I am a 22 year old student at the University of Memphis in Memphis, TN. I am obtaining a Bachelor of Arts degree in Education, and will begin student teaching in the fall. I am engaged to be married on August 13, 2005. I attend Independent Presbyterian Church, which is where the wedding will take place. I am currently living with JennaMarie83 in an apartment in East Memphis. I work at St. Mary's Episcopal School. I have a cat named Lily and my fiancé has a Labrador Retriever named Smokey.

title: User:Laineypaige


text:
User talk:Bobnob~enwiki

Welcome!
Hi,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! I hope you like this place — I sure do — and want to stay. Before getting too in-depth, you may want to read about the five pillars of Wikipedia. If you need help on how to title new articles check out the naming conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the manual of style. If you need help look at Help and the FAQ, plus if you can't find your answer there, check the Village Pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions)! There's still more help at the Tutorial and Policy Library. Plus, don't forget to visit the Community Portal. And if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my user talk page. ---

Additional tips
Here's some extra tips to help you get around in the 'pedia!
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills the Sandbox is for you.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes, like . If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
 * You may want to add yourself to the new user log.
 * If you ever think a page or image should be deleted, please list it at the votes for deletion page. There is also a votes for undeletion page if you want to retrieve something that you think should not have been deleted.
 * If you're still entirely confused, or would like to get a better grasp of your wikipedia skills, and you have an IRC client (or don't mind getting one), check out the Bootcamp. It's not what it sounds like, but it is fun and can help you with your editing skills.
 * If you're bored and want to find something to do, try the Random page button in the sidebar, or check out the Open Task message in the Community Portal.

Happy Wiki-ing.
— Ilγαηερ   (Tαlκ)  03:49, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Scottothon
Some of the people, places or things you have written about in the article Scottothon may not be sufficiently well-known to merit articles of their own. The Wikipedia community welcomes newcomers, and encourages them to become Wikipedians. On Wikipedia, each user is entitled to a user page in which they can describe themselves, and this article's content may be incorporated into that page. However, to merit inclusion in the encyclopedia proper, a subject must be notable. We encourage you to write or improve articles on notable subjects. – ClockworkSoul 03:51, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * templates substituted by a bot as per Template substitution Pegasusbot 21:42, 25 March 2006 (UTC)

Please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia. Gdo01 17:51, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

Temporary block due to vandalism
You have been blocked from editing Wikipedia  as a result of your . You are free to make constructive edits after the block has expired, but please note that vandalism (including page blanking or addition of random text), spam, deliberate misinformation, privacy violations, personal attacks; and repeated, blatant violations of our neutral point of view policy will not be tolerated. If you are interested in making serious edits to improve Wikipedia, please use your week off to review the introduction and guideline articles linked above. More vandalism from you after this block expires can result in a long term block. Serious contributions are welcome. -- Infrogmation 18:01, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Bobnob. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Bobnob~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 22:42, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 11:09, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bobnob~enwiki


text:
User talk:Laineypaige

Welcome!
Hi,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! I hope you like this place — I sure do — and want to stay. Before getting too in-depth, you may want to read about the five pillars of Wikipedia. If you need help on how to title new articles check out the naming conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the manual of style. If you need help look at Help and the FAQ, plus if you can't find your answer there, check the Village Pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions)! There's still more help at the Tutorial and Policy Library. Plus, don't forget to visit the Community Portal. And if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my user talk page. ---

Additional tips
Here's some extra tips to help you get around in the 'pedia!
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills the Sandbox is for you.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes, like . If you use four, you can add a datestamp too.
 * You may want to add yourself to the new user log.
 * If you ever think a page or image should be deleted, please list it at the votes for deletion page. There is also a votes for undeletion page if you want to retrieve something that you think should not have been deleted.
 * If you're still entirely confused, or would like to get a better grasp of your wikipedia skills, and you have an IRC client (or don't mind getting one), check out the Bootcamp. It's not what it sounds like, but it is fun and can help you with your editing skills.
 * If you're bored and want to find something to do, try the Random page button in the sidebar, or check out the Open Task message in the Community Portal.

Happy Wiki-ing.
— Ilγαηερ   (Tαlκ)  03:50, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Your Daylily
That's an excellent photo -- great work. I copied it to the Wikimedia Commons, a library of categorized free images and put it under the right genus and species categories. Take a look if you like. Anyway, if you always take pictures that good you shouldn't stop now! By the way, I'm a good friend of Jeremy's; I don't think we've met. At any rate, welcome to Wikipedia:) --Zantastik 05:19, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Laineypaige


text: Talk:Stephano

title: Talk:Stephano


text:
Archestratus

Archestratus (Ἀρχέστρατος Archestratos) was an ancient Greek poet of Gela or Syracuse, Magna Graecia, in Sicily, who wrote some time in the mid 4th century BCE, and was known as "the Daedalus of tasty dishes". His humorous didactic poem Hedypatheia ("Life of Luxury"), written in hexameters but known only from quotations, advises a gastronomic reader on where to find the best food in the Mediterranean world. The writer, who was styled in antiquity the Hesiod or Theognis of gluttons, parodies the pithy style of older gnomic poets; most of his attention is given to fish, although some fragments refer to appetizers, and there was also a section on wine. His poem had a certain notoriety among readers in the 4th and 3rd centuries BCE: it was referred to by the comic poet Antiphanes, by Lynceus of Samos and by the philosophers Aristotle, Chrysippus and Clearchus of Soli. In nearly every case these references are disparaging, implying that Archestratus's poem—like the sex manual by Philaenis - was likely to corrupt its readers. This attitude is exemplified in the Deipnosophistae with citations of Chrysippus:

This utterly admirable Chrysippus, in On Goodness and Pleasure book V, talks of: Books like Philaenis’s, and the Gastronomy of Archestratus, and stimulants to love and sexual intercourse, and then again slave girls practised in such movements and postures and specialising in the subject; and further on he says: studying all this and getting the books about it by Philaenis and Archestratus and the other writers of such stuff; and in book VII he says: one is therefore not to study Philaenis, or the Gastronomy of Archestratus, with the expectation of improving one’s life! Clearly, in quoting this Archestratus so often, you people have filled our banquet with indecency. Is there anything calculated to corrupt that this fine poet has failed to say?
 * Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 335b.

Sixty-two fragments from Archestratus's poem (including two doubtful items) survive, all via quotation by Athenaeus in the Deipnosophistae. The poem was translated or imitated in Latin by Ennius, a work that has not survived. The standard edition of the fragments, with commentary and translation, is by Olson and Sens (2000).

title: Archestratus


text:
José Cruz Jr.

José Luis Cruz Jr. (born April 19, 1974), is a Puerto Rican baseball coach and former outfielder, who is the current head baseball coach for the Rice Owls. He played college baseball at Rice University from 1992 to 1995 and played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for 12 seasons from 1997 to 2008. In 2021, he returned to his alma mater, Rice.

Cruz was born in Arroyo, Puerto Rico. His father José Cruz was a baseball player and coach, and the family lived in Texas. He attended high school in Bellaire, Texas, when his father was a member of the Houston Astros. After graduation from Bellaire, Cruz enrolled at Rice University and played baseball for the Owls, starting for three seasons prior to being selected in the first round of the 1995 draft.

The Seattle Mariners selected Cruz in the first round of the 1995 Major League Baseball draft. He played 12 years as an outfielder in MLB, with Seattle in 1997, the Toronto Blue Jays from 1997 to 2002, the San Francisco Giants in 2003, the Tampa Bay Devil Rays in 2004, the Arizona Diamondbacks in 2005, the Boston Red Sox in 2005, the Los Angeles Dodgers from 2005 to 2006, the San Diego Padres in 2007 and the Houston Astros in 2008.

In 2021, Cruz was named the assistant hitting coach of the Detroit Tigers, but he left the position on June 12 to accept the head coaching job at Rice University. He is the son of former major league outfielder and Houston Astros first base coach José Cruz, and the nephew of former big leaguers Héctor and Tommy Cruz.

Career
Cruz grew up in Bellaire, Texas and attended Bellaire High School where he played baseball.

Cruz attended Rice University from 1992 to 1995 and was a member of Team USA in 1994. He was also a three time All-American while at Rice, setting virtually all possible offensive records.

Cruz was a first round pick, 3rd overall, for the Seattle Mariners in the 1995 amateur draft and began his major league career on May 31, 1997. He was not in Seattle very long and was traded to the Toronto Blue Jays for Paul Spoljaric and Mike Timlin on July 31, 1997. As of the 2019 season, Cruz holds record for most home runs in the first season of a career having played for two or more clubs. He stayed in Toronto until 2003 and twice hit at least 30 home runs with the Blue Jays. One of those was in 2001, when he also stole 32 bases to become one of three players to record 30 home runs and 30 stolen bases during that season (Bobby Abreu and Vladimir Guerrero were the others). He was signed as a free agent by the San Francisco Giants on January 28, 2003. In San Francisco, he won a Gold Glove and broke Willie Mays' franchise single-season record for outfield assists with 19. He was later acquired as a free agent by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays in 2004. In 2005, Cruz Jr. played for three teams, the Arizona Diamondbacks, Boston Red Sox and finally the Los Angeles Dodgers. Although injured most of the year, Cruz ended the season on a tear, hitting .301 with six homers as a Dodger.

Cruz was picked to play for Puerto Rico in the 2006 World Baseball Classic. In the tournament, Cruz hit .353 with a .476 on-base percentage in five games helping Puerto Rico reach the second round.

The Dodgers designated Cruz for assignment on August 1, 2006, and eventually released him. Cruz later signed a contract with the San Diego Padres and played for them for a portion of the 2007 season. Cruz was placed on unconditional release waivers by the Padres on August 1, 2007. On August 18, 2007, the New York Yankees signed him to a minor league deal.

On November 28, 2007, he signed a minor league deal with the Houston Astros. At the end of the 2008 spring training, he was added to the 40-man roster. He was later designated for assignment.

Cruz has worked as a Major League Baseball analyst for ESPN (Baseball Tonight) and MLB.com.

Cruz said that he moved from Bellaire after being arrested by Bellaire police for a missing front license plate on a newly purchased car and spending one night in jail in 2002. Cruz accused the police of racial profiling.

On December 8, 2020, Cruz was named assistant hitting coach for the Detroit Tigers.

On June 9, 2021, Cruz was hired as the head coach of the Rice Owls.

Personal life
Cruz's son Trei Cruz was drafted in the third round, 73rd overall, by the Detroit Tigers in the 2020 MLB draft.

Awards
Toronto Blue Jays team MVP in 2001.

Cruz won the NL Gold Glove in 2003 as a member of the Giants.

title: José Cruz Jr.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/PSI: Politics and Social Issues

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 18:08, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

PSI: Politics and Social Issues
Seems to me to just be an advertisement/vanity page. Sholtar 03:52, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: This was apparently either never listed on vfd or removed out of process, so I'm bringing it to today's page for resolution. —Korath (Talk) 02:42, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't know... isn't making "godh8sme" your Minister of Agriculture just about inviting a famine? Delete. Samaritan 06:46, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable forum. The article itself is kinda funny. Poor Jeeves was recalled as president for being a douchebag. Dave the Red (talk) 07:04, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, promo. Megan1967 07:59, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Heavily biased and "roughly two dozen regular contributers" doesn't indicate notability or ability to spell.  --Fuzzball! (talk) 09:15, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete way under the notability bar. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 12:46, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Nicely done, but Delete. Satires are unencyclopedic!! ---Isaac R 22:59, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete. Such crap. Pavel Vozenilek 00:08, 19 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Motobu Chōki

Untitled
I began this article as part of an effort to broaden the scope of karate-related articles on Wikipedia. Finalized initial article, added picture of Motobu on 4/8/05. RSimpson

title: Talk:Motobu Chōki


text:
Lindsey Vuolo

Lindsey Eve (Vuolo) Handrinos (born October 19, 1981) is an American glamor model and actress best known for her appearance in Playboy as the November 2001 Playmate of the Month. She has appeared in a number of Playboy Special Editions, and in Playboy videos. She also appeared on TV shows such as The Girls Next Door and The Celebrity Apprentice.

Early life
Vuolo's family was Jewish from Hungary and Italy. She was a Communications major at Indiana University of Pennsylvania. In 1999 she went on a two-week exchange program in Israel, and describes her experience at the Western Wall as a profoundly emotional and transformative one for her.

Career
Prior to her posing for Playboy, Vuolo had been working two jobs as a cocktail waitress to pay for college when a friend and coworker suggested sending in photos to the magazine. Despite Vuolo's belief that she was not "Playboy material", Vuolo, whose only modeling experience at that point was posing for a local swimsuit calendar, eventually told her coworker that she could send in photos of her if she wanted. After Playboy contacted Vuolo in early 2001, she flew to Los Angeles without telling her parents. She was photographed at the magazine's Santa Monica studios while sharing a bedroom at the Playboy Mansion with Christi Shake, Playboy's Miss May 2002 and one of Hugh Hefner's seven girlfriends at the time. After returning home and informing her mother of her recent activities, Hefner invited her back to the mansion for his 75th birthday party that April.

Vuolo's pictorial appeared in the November 2001 issue of Playboy. Some have incorrectly claimed that Vuolo is the first Jewish Playmate. Vuolo herself has agreed it is more likely that she merely is the first openly Jewish Playmate. Photos of her 1994 bat mitzvah ceremony at age 13 were included in her pictorial. The fact that she attended synagogue while she was active with Playboy led to a fair amount of media attention, including an interview with columnist Shmuley Boteach, who criticized Vuolo for her pictorial, and argued that she was exploited by Playboy, and that it and pornography in general dehumanizes women, and could lead to things like rape and spousal violence. Boteach paralleled the effects of pornography on men's perception of women with American slavery and The Holocaust. Vuolo challenged this view, saying that Playboy is not pornography, and that her experience with the magazine was one of expansion of her career opportunities, and not exploitation. Vuolo's membership in her college sorority was also revoked as a result of her pictorial.

Vuolo has starred in several Playboy features and was a recurring model for several years in Playboy's special edition magazines, such as Voluptuous Vixens. She was also photographed by Howard Stern's sidekick Artie Lange for a nude pictorial in the "Celebrity Photographer" section of their website.

In late 2006 Vuolo guest-starred in two episodes of the second season of the E! reality television series The Girls Next Door, which chronicled life at the Playboy Mansion for three of Hefner's girlfriends. Vuolo appeared in the seventh episode that season, "Sleepwear Optional", in which she was one of the invited guests at a slumber party thrown by Holly Madison, Bridget Marquardt and Kendra Wilkinson, and in the eleventh episode, "The 21 Club", in which Vuolo was one of Wilkinson's Playmate friends who took a bus with her to Las Vegas, where Wilkinson celebrated her 21st birthday.

Vuolo appeared in the second-season premiere of The Celebrity Apprentice, which aired March 1, 2009. In the episode, Brande Roderick, a former Playboy Playmate herself, and a member of that season's all-female team, Athena, enlisted Playboy employees at the magazine's Manhattan headquarters to help her team sell cupcakes. Vuolo appeared in a red Playboy bunny outfit in order to assist in the effort.

Personal life
Vuolo herself says she is a practicing Jew, who observes the High Holy Days. She considers herself to be a practitioner of Conservative Judaism. At the time of her interview with Rabbi Boteach, she was single, and had never dated a non-Jewish man, saying she would prefer not to do so. She later stated in a lifestylemagazine.com interview that she would not marry a non-Jew, saying, "I'm terrified that once my maternal grandfather passes away, no one will know how to recite the Passover Haggadah. It's very important for me to marry someone who can do that, and that my children know how too."

Vuolo does not drink or smoke.

Vuolo married Jason Handrinos in Athens, Greece in 2013.

Filmography

 * The Weekend (2007)
 * Playmates in Bed
 * Playboy Video Playmate Calendar 2003
 * Playmates Unwrapped

title: Lindsey Vuolo


text: User talk:208.187.9.21

title: User talk:208.187.9.21


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wooster (Mario character)

This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this  page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was no consensus. Tony Sidaway|Talk 18:44, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Wooster (Mario character)
Just not encyclopedia-material. A minor character in somewhat popular book publications of Nintendo characters. --Anonymous Cow 03:56, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * keep, would fit nicely in an encyclopedia of Nintendo Mario characters. Kappa 06:20, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, since this character is only in a comic book and not one single Mario game, I doubt you would find him in such an encyclopedia at all. I will grant you that he might make the cut in a Mario encyclopedia. Indrian 06:18, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep No reason not to keep this, its well entered, and a valid entry, as a character in a book. --TheAdversary 06:33, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, fancruft, no potential to become encyclopedic. Martg76 08:07, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Compress, redirect, and merge to List of Nintendo characters. Shimmin 11:42, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Of interest to Mariofanatics. Sjakkalle 11:52, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep of course. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd 13:53, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge as per Shimmin. P Ingerson 14:06, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. If it's really that minor merge it into a list of minor characters. Mgm|(talk) 14:29, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per WP:FICT. Radiant_* 15:06, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Xezbeth  15:08, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep.   — J I P | Talk 18:55, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep but perhaps someone would like to merge the lesser Mario characters into single entries? --Fuzzball! (talk) 19:11, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * merge as per decision above. --InShaneee 19:25, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. mariocruft. Megan1967 03:59, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Mario games are notable, and many things in Mario games are notable, but minor characters in Mario comics are not. Indrian 06:18, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge somewhere.--Matteh (talk) 14:23, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Do not merge. Well over the crufty line --Bucephalus 17:56, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Burgundavia 07:38, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge. Andre ( talk ) 18:04, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Tim Rhymeless (Er...let's shimmy)  01:35, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nn mariocruft of the highest order. ComCat 06:33, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge While it's well-written, it does not warrant its own article. But since it IS well-written, it'd be pointless to delete it from the face of the Earth.
 * Redirect. Firebug 04:55, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Continental O-170

The Continental O-170 engine is the collective military designation for a family of small aircraft engines, known under the company designation of A50, A65, A75 and A80. The line was designed and built by Continental Motors commencing in the 1940s. It was employed as the powerplant for civil and military light aircraft.

The horizontally opposed, four-cylinder engines in this family are all identical in appearance, bore, stroke, dry weight, and piston displacement. All feature a bottom-mounted updraft carburetor fuel delivery system. The higher power variants differ only in compression ratio and maximum allowable rpm, plus minor modifications. The lower power versions are fully convertible to the higher rated versions.

Design and development
In all models of this family of engines the cylinder heads are of aluminum alloy, screwed and shrunk onto steel barrels. Spark plug inserts and intake valve seats are made from aluminum-bronze alloy, while the exhaust valve seats are steel. The engines all employ hydraulic tappets which operate in aluminum guides that are machined into the crankcase. The tappets are built from four parts, a cam follower body, cup, cylinder, and piston and operate with clearances of 0.03 in to 0.11 in. The pushrods are steel and feature pressed-in ball ends.

Lubricating oil is delivered under pressure from the 4 USqt oil sump to the drive bearings and the crankpins through the crankshaft. The cylinder walls and pistons are spray lubricated. Normal operating oil pressure is 35 psi, with minimum idle oil pressure 10 psi.

Variants

 * A50
 * 50 hp, Compression ratio 5.4:1, max rpm 1,900, fuel consumption at cruise 3.8 US gph

 * A50-1:
 * A50-2:
 * A50-3:
 * A50-4:
 * A50-5:
 * A50-6:
 * A50-7:
 * A65
 * 65 hp, Compression ratio 6.3:1, max rpm 2,300, fuel consumption at cruise 4.4 US gph. The exhaust valves have stellite faces. The pistons have three rings, although some early production A65s had four piston rings.

 * A65-1:
 * A65-2:
 * A65-3:
 * A65-4:
 * A65-5:
 * A65-6:
 * A65-7:
 * A65-8:
 * A65-8F:
 * A65-9:

 * A65-12:
 * A75
 * 75 hp, Compression ratio 6.3:1, max rpm 2,600, fuel consumption at cruise 4.8 US gph. The exhaust valves have stellite faces and the connecting rods have a 0.125 in hole drilled in the rod cap to improve lubrication. The pistons have three rings and smaller piston pins.

 * A75-1:
 * A75-2:
 * A75-3:
 * A75-4:
 * A75-5:
 * A75-6:
 * A75-14:
 * A80
 * 80 hp, Compression ratio 7.55:1, max rpm 2,700, fuel consumption at cruise 5.2 US gph. The connecting rods have a 0.125 in hole drilled in the rod cap to improve lubrication. The pistons have five rings and smaller piston pins.

 * A80-1:
 * A80-2:
 * A80-3:
 * A80-4:
 * A80-5:
 * A80-6:
 * A80-8:
 * O-170
 * Military designation for the A50, A65, A75, A80 family of engines.

 * O-170-1:
 * O-170-3:
 * O-170-5:
 * O-170-7:

Applications

 * A50
 * Aeronca KCA
 * Aeronca 50C
 * Aeronca 50TC
 * Aeronca S50C
 * Luscombe 8
 * Piper J-3
 * Piper J-4
 * Porterfield CP50
 * Porterfield CP55
 * Taylorcraft BC
 * Taylorcraft BCS

 * A65
 * Aeronca L-3
 * Aeronca S65C
 * Aeronca S65CA
 * Aeronca 65F
 * Aeronca 65CA
 * Aeronca Champion
 * Airdrome Fokker D-VIII
 * Bearhawk LSA
 * Cassutt Special
 * Christavia Mk I
 * Circa Reproductions Nieuport
 * Coupé-Aviation JC-01
 * Davis DA-2
 * Davis DA-5
 * Ercoupe 415C
 * E & P Special
 * Falconar F11 Sporty
 * Fisher Celebrity
 * Fisher Dakota Hawk
 * Helmy Aerogypt
 * Henderson Little Bear
 * Interstate SIA Cadet
 * Jameson RJJ-1 Gipsy Hawk
 * Jodel D.112
 * Luscombe 8A
 * Luscombe 10
 * Piper J-3
 * Piper J-4A
 * Porterfield CP65
 * Rearwin Skyranger 165
 * Smith Miniplane
 * Stolp SA-900 V-Star
 * Taylorcraft BCS
 * Taylorcraft BCS12
 * Taylorcraft 65
 * Tayorcraft BC
 * Taylorcraft BC1265
 * Taylorcraft BCT
 * Taylorcraft L-2
 * Taylorcraft Tandem
 * Turner T-40
 * Warner Revolution I
 * Wolf W-11 Boredom Fighter

 * A75
 * Bearhawk LSA
 * Culver LCA
 * Jodel D.121
 * Luscombe 8C
 * Luscombe 8D
 * Piper J-4E
 * Piper J-5
 * Piper J-5A
 * Porterfield 75C
 * Rearwin Skyranger 175
 * Stinson Model 105 (HW-75)

 * A80
 * Harris Geodetic LW 108
 * Piper J-5A-80
 * Shirlen Big Cootie
 * Stinson Model 105 (HW-80)
 * Stinson Model 10
 * Vought V-173

title: Continental O-170