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The Greens NSW

The Greens NSW, also known as the NSW Greens, is a green political party in New South Wales and a member of the Australian Greens. First formed in 1991, the Greens NSW began as a state-level party before joining with other green parties in Australia to create the current federated structure.

The Greens NSW continue to be separate to the other state and territory Greens parties in several regards. The Greens NSW tend to be more left-wing in their political positions in comparison to the other state parties, and continues to maintain the original Greens policy of not having a single parliamentary leader, instead being based on principles of collective leadership.

The party currently sits on the crossbench in the New South Wales Parliament, and has representation federally in the Senate.

History
The first Greens party was registered in 1984, but the Greens NSW did not take its current form until 1991, when six local groups in New South Wales federated as a state political party. Greens candidates have run in every federal election since 1984, when a single candidate ran in the federal Division of Sydney.

The founding document of the Greens NSW described the organisation as the following:

"The Greens in Sydney come from many backgrounds. Environmental and resident activists. Nuclear disarmers. Dissidents from the Labor Party who have witnessed betrayals by both wings of that party. Feminists. Anarchists. Those inspired by the German Greens. Socialists of various kinds.

What is distinctive and unifying about this new force in Sydney is the emphasis on encouraging people’s self-confidence in their right to have their say, their right to democratically determine matters – whether they are large or small – which affect their lives."

Local government
The party endorses candidates to stand for election in many of the 128 local government areas across NSW, including in rural and regional areas where the major parties usually do not run candidates on party tickets. The Greens NSW currently have 58 councillors on 32 local councils around NSW.

In NSW local government elections were held in September 2016 and September 2017.

In 2016 The Greens elected three mayors and 24 councillors in the 29 areas where candidates stood. Greens councillors were elected for the first time in: Albury, Broken Hill, Clarence Valley, Glen Innes Severn, Goulburn Mulwaree, Kyogle and Yass Valley. The Greens also grew their vote in Bellingen, Byron, Shoalhaven, Campbelltown, Kiama, Hawkesbury, Wingecarribee, Lismore, Hawkesbury and the Blue Mountains.

In 2017 The Greens elected a further 31 Councillors in Armidale, Bathurst, Canterbury Bankstown, Canada Bay, Hornsby, Inner West, Newcastle, Northern Beaches, Orange, Parramatta, Queanbeyan Palerang, Randwick, Ryde. Snowy Mountains. Waverley, Willoughby, Woollahra, Wollongong.

New South Wales State Elections
The party first came close to electing a candidate in 1991, when Ian Cohen was the last Upper House candidate to be excluded in a contest against Christian Democratic Party leader Fred Nile for the final statewide seat. In the subsequent 1995 election, Cohen was elected to the NSW Legislative Council and became the first Greens parliamentary representative in NSW. In 1999 he was joined by Lee Rhiannon and in 2003 he was re-elected and joined by Sylvia Hale. In 2007 Lee Rhiannon was re-elected to the Legislative Council and joined by John Kaye, bringing the number of Members of the Legislative Council to four. In 2010 Lee Rhiannon resigned from the Legislative Council to contest and win a Senate seat, and Sylvia Hale also resigned her seat. The resulting casual vacancies were filled by Cate Faehrmann and David Shoebridge respectively.

At the 2011 NSW state election the Greens further increased their vote, resulting in the election of Jamie Parker as the first Greens member of the Legislative Assembly, representing Balmain. David Shoebridge was re-elected and joined by Jan Barham and Jeremy Buckingham in the Legislative Council.

In 2013 Cate Faehrmann resigned from the Legislative Council to contest a Senate seat. The resulting casual vacancy was filled by Mehreen Faruqi of the South Sydney Greens.

At the 2015 State election current sitting members Jamie Parker, John Kaye and Mehreen Faruqi were re-elected. Two new members were elected to the Legislative Assembly: Jenny Leong in the new seat of Newtown and Tamara Smith in the previously safe National seat of Ballina. The Greens primary vote in Newtown of 45.6% is the party's highest ever primary vote in a lower house electorate. This resulted in five Legislative Council seats and three Legislative Assembly seats.

In October 2016, Jan Barham resigned and the casual vacancy was filled a few months later by former federal candidate for Richmond, Dawn Walker.

In December 2018, Jeremy Buckingham resigned from the Greens NSW. Buckingham described the party as more focused on "bringing down capitalism" and "divisive identity politics" than acting on climate change.

At the 2019 state election there were two upper house Greens seats up for contest as was Buckingham's. David Shoebridge was re-elected, Abigail Boyd (former federal candidate for Dobell) won one but Dawn Walker lost hers. Each of the three lower house seats were returned with a favourable swing.

Constitutional Convention
In 1997 The Greens NSW formed part of a joint ticket called Greens, Bill of Rights, Indigenous Peoples for the 1998 Constitutional Convention held in Canberra in February 1998. Catherine Moore led the ticket and was elected for NSW. She joined Christine Milne from Tasmania to focus on ensuring that the overall process was more inclusive.

Structure
The Greens NSW retain the same basic structure which was created in 1991, with the formation of the statewide party.

State Delegates Council
The Greens NSW make decisions affecting the state party through the State Delegates Council (SDC), a meeting that consists of a delegate from each local group. The SDC is the highest decision-making body, and controls election campaigns for statewide candidatures (such as the Senate and Legislative Council). It also decides on admitting new local groups as members of the Greens NSW.

Local groups
The party is made up of 'local groups', who cover a specific geographical area. Local groups have complete responsibility for elections held in their area, particularly elections for the House of Representatives, the New South Wales Legislative Assembly or Local Government. There are currently 56 affiliated local groups in NSW.

Working groups
A variety of working groups have been established by the SDC, which are directly accessible to all Greens members. Working groups perform an advisory function by developing policy, conducting issues-based campaigns, or performing other tasks assigned by the SDC. These include:
 * Young Greens
 * Sex, Sexuality and Gender Identity Working Group
 * Women's Working Group
 * Refugee Working Group
 * Economics Working Group

Ideology and policies
The party has described itself as being based on the principles of: ecological sustainability, grassroots democracy, social justice, peace and non-violence.

The NSW Greens want to ban new coal and gas projects, as well as ban logging in public native forests, and aim for net-zero carbon emissions in NSW by 2035. They want to transition towards a circular economy that eliminates waste and expand the protected areas network in NSW to at least 30% of the total landmass.

On economic issues, the NSW Greens want to tax big business and redirect the money towards public services. The NSW Greens want to make public education free, including early childhood education, as well as make healthcare free and move towards more public ownership over hospitals and health clinics. The party supports nationalisation of public transport and making it free to use in New South Wales. The party wants to strengthen renters rights and impose rent controls, as well as invest in public housing. The NSW Greens want to expand worker's rights.

The party supports a legal and regulated market for the sale of cannabis.

The party also supports a legal and regulated market for vaping. In this regard it supports elements such as: limits on nicotine levels in vapes, prohibiting the use of harmful chemicals in vapes, the requirement of health warnings on all vaping products, regulate vaping products so that nicotine vapes are only available to those aged over 18-years-old, to fund education programs targeted at teenagers to warn them of the dangers of vaping, and reduce the waste caused by vaping by placing requirements on producers to minimise waste and recycle used nicotine vapourisers.

Political factions
There is only one publicly acknowledged faction within Greens New South Wales which is the Left Renewal faction. It was formed in late 2016 and presents itself as the far-left, anti-capitalist wing of state's party. As of 2021, Left Renewal is not active within the party.

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Matador (disambiguation)

A matador is the central bullfighter who must kill the bull.

Matador(s), The Matador(s), El Matador, or Los Matadores may also refer to:

Comics

 * Matador (Marvel Comics), a super-villain in the Marvel Comics universe

Film, television, and theater

 * Matador (film) a 1986 film directed by Pedro Almodóvar
 * The Matador, a 2005 film starring Pierce Brosnan
 * The Matador (2008 film), a documentary
 * Matador (American TV series), a 2014 action series
 * Matador (Danish TV series), a 1978–1982 drama series
 * Matador (Danish musical), a 2007 musical based on the television series
 * Matador (English musical), a 1991 musical based on the story of El Cordobés

Games and toys

 * Matador (cards), a top trump in some card games
 * Matador (domino game)
 * Matador (toy), a wooden construction set
 * Matador (video game) or Brigador, a 2016 tactical game
 * El Matador (video game), a 2006 third-person shooter

Literature

 * Matador, a 1934 novel by Marguerite Steen
 * Matador series, a series of science fiction novels by Steve Perry

Bands

 * The Matadors (band), a 1960s Czech beat band

Albums

 * Matador (Kenny Dorham album) or the title song, 1963
 * Matador (Gaz Coombes album) or the title song, 2015
 * Matador (Grant Green album) or the title song, 1979
 * Matador: The Songs of Leonard Cohen, by Patricia O'Callaghan, 2012
 * Matador, by Arms and Sleepers, 2009
 * Matador, by Mickey 3D, or the title song, 2005
 * Matador, by Zoroaster, 2010

Songs

 * "Matador" (Akinori Nakagawa song), 2004
 * "Matador" (Los Fabulosos Cadillacs song), 1994
 * "Matador"/"Da Frame 2R", a single by Arctic Monkeys, 2007
 * "The Matador" (Johnny Cash song), 1963
 * "The Matador" (Sylvia song), 1981
 * "Matador", by Acumen Nation from Transmissions from Eville, 1994
 * "Matador", by Garland Jeffreys from American Boy & Girl, 1979
 * "Matador", by Halford from Halford IV: Made of Metal, 2010
 * "Matador", by Xmal Deutschland, 1986

Businesses and companies

 * Matador (company), a Slovakia-based global tire producer
 * Matador Content, an American television production company
 * Matador Cooperative Farm, a defunct agricultural cooperative near Kyle, Saskatchewan, Canada
 * Matador Records, an American record label
 * The Matador (bar), a defunct bar in Portland, Oregon, US
 * The Matador Club, a defunct country music venue in Toronto, Canada
 * The Matador (restaurant), an American chain of Mexican restaurants

Military

 * Matador (mine protected vehicle), an armoured mine protected vehicle produced by Paramount Group in South Africa
 * MATADOR, an anti-armour missile system developed by Singapore and Israel
 * AEC Matador, a military vehicle used by the Allies during World War II
 * AV-8S Matador, Spanish version of the AV-8A Harrier
 * MGM-1 Matador, one of the first cruise missiles ever introduced
 * Operation Matador (disambiguation), the name of several military or intelligence plans

People with the stage name or nickname

 * Matador (WA BMG 44), Senegalese hip hop musician
 * Edinson Cavani (born 1987), Uruguayan football player
 * Lloyd Daley (1939–2018), Jamaican reggae producer
 * Luis Hernández (footballer, born 1968), Mexican football player
 * Marcelo Salas (born 1974), Chilean football player
 * Tito Santana (born 1953), American professional wrestler
 * Luis Tejada (born 1982), Panamanian football player
 * Primo & Epico or "Los Matadores", a professional wrestling tag team
 * Ilia Topuria or "El Matador" (born 1997), Spanish mixed martial artist

Places

 * Matador, Texas, US
 * Matador Mountain, Antarctica

Sports

 * Cal State Northridge Matadors, the sports teams of California State University, Northridge
 * FK Matador Púchov, a Slovak football club, sponsored by the tyre producer

Transportation

 * AMC Matador, an automobile manufactured by American Motors Corporation from 1971 to 1978
 * Dodge Matador, an automobile model marketed during 1960
 * El Matador (custom car), a show car built by Bill Cushenbery 1959–1961
 * Tempo Matador, a series of light commercial vehicles originally designed by Tempo and subsequently built by several motor companies between 1949 and 2000.

Other uses

 * Matador (cocktail), a tequila-based cocktail
 * Avid Matador, a 1990s 2D painting software on Silicon Graphics computers

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Ivan de Prume

Ivan Peter de Prume is a heavy metal drummer whose music became famous in the groove metal band White Zombie.

DePrume was born in Brooklyn, New York City. His great-great-grandfather was Frantz Jehin-Prume. He started playing drums when he was twelve and was playing in a band with Sean Yseult when he was sixteen. Sean later invited him to join White Zombie. Ivan recorded and toured with the band for seven years. Ivan left the band in 1992. He attended Musician's Institute and completed their Drums and Percussion program. He also built his first professional recording studio in Los Angeles, Burningsound and began recording, producing and engineering projects. His studio recorded L7 and Paul Raven and Tommy Victor of Prong.

He also made a cameo appearance on the Jack Off Jill album "Covetous Creature" along with former Marilyn Manson guitarist Scott Putesky.

In 2003, de Prume formed a new band, Healer, along with Scott von Heldt (Kurai/Theater of Madness). The band's debut album, Awakening features violinist Martin St-Pierre (Cirque du Soleil), and vocalist Kate St-Pierre (Los Angeles Opera). The album was recorded and engineered at Burningsound Studios and Ivan also produced the record.

In 2006, Ivan was asked to play drums on the soundtrack for Sony's Ghost Rider by Christopher Young.

In 2007, Ivan and his family relocated to the Pacific Northwest. Burningsound Studios officially re-opened for business in January 2009.

In March 2009 Ivan began hosting a weekly metal radio show on Saturday nights called Metalopolis in Portland, Oregon for 101.1 KUFO.

In 2010, Ivan completed a remix for "Never Say Never" by KMFDM on 13th Planet Records. The album features remixes by guest artists like Tommy Victor and other notable artists as well.

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Talk:Maitland, New South Wales

Unnecessary comments
Surely comments on something as subjective as road conditions do not belong in such a short entry. Especially when items like:

Major employers

City Events eg. - Steamfest - Wine harvest - Ball in the Mall

Sporting clubs

Maitland Flood

are missing — Preceding unsigned comment added by 61.88.101.122 (talk • contribs) 04:10, 8 April 2005 (UTC)

Culture
Before creating an account, I added comments on Steamfest and Morpeth Jazz festival Tanith 13:59, 14 January 2006 (UTC).

I feel sure this article could be much bigger and better. Sussexman 15:47, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

ASC
I would question whether it is necessary to have such a large section devoted to All Saints College, especially when a lot of other information about the area is lacking, including any mention of Maitland's other high schools. I am an ex-student of the college, but this article is about Maitland (the town), not the virtues of ASC. Perhaps the ASC information could be split into a separate article. Any other suggestions?

Correction To Page
Under the festivals section someone has written 'Maitland also is home one of the fastest hot-dog eaters in the world, Nathan Hick. Nathan Hick has won 3 of the last 4 world tittles'(sic). I've actully done a bit of research into this and it can not possibly be true because the man who was considered the world champion of hot dog eating for the past five years running is Takeru Kobayashi of Japan. Visit his profile on the International Federation Of Competitive Eating website (http://www.ifoce.com/eaters.php?action=detail&sn=22) for more info on this champion athlete.

I'm going to delete those lines. I know that people criticise Wikipedia because it's so easily vandalised and everything but i think today we should thank the vandals for bringing to our attention the world of competitive eating and leading me to some quite amusing youtube videos -

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lyvLapQ9FjU

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=van2s5hSLSU&mode=related&search=

Gee79 10:08, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

Sporting Clubs
Who ever keeps deleting the section titled Sporting Clubs and sub section Rugby Union - Grow up, you do not own Maitland and our club is part of the town.I hope other local clubs add their names to this page. Sporting clubs are community based and deleting them from this page shows what a small mind one has, leave us alone as I will just keep reposting. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Aussie and Proud (talk • contribs) 16:05, 30 September 2009 (UTC)

 * As I indicated on my talk page in response to your post there,, Wikipedia is a collaborative effort. Editors do not own articles. Anyone can edit any article. Your edits to this article violate Wikipedia's Neutral point of view policy, as well as being devoid of citations from reliable sources. Reversion of the removal of this information, without maintaining a neutral point of view or providing appropriate citations is disruptive and considered to be vandalism. Such actions, if continued, may result in you being blocked from editing. Finally, when adding comments to a talk page, please add the comments to the end of the article, not in the middle of the page. --AussieLegend (talk) 16:42, 30 September 2009 (UTC)

I put citations and also a link to to the Maitland Mercury and you removed it.This page is full of articles without citations and yet they remain, what is your problem? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Aussie and Proud (talk • contribs) 01:56, 4 October 2009 (UTC)

 * The link was an inappropriate reference. References need to directly support claims. What you provided, which was just the results of a general search, did not. The new references that you've provided don't either:

 * 2007 - This talks about a win in their elimination semi-final and goes on to say that they will "play Merriwa in the minor semi-final next weekend". It does not confirm a win in the finals.
 * 2008 - This says that the team was defeated in a semi-final.
 * 2009 - This article is actually from before the 2009 season even started. It is dated 8 January 2009 and confirms that they were beaten in a semi-final in 2008. It says nothing about their performance in 2009.
 * None of these citations support the claims made. --AussieLegend (talk) 08:56, 4 October 2009 (UTC)

 * It's fairly clear that you don't understand the requirements of Verifiability. As I said above, references need to directly support claims. That means that if you say the team reached the finals, the reference must say that the team reached the finals. Saying that they reached the semi-finals isn't good enough. Nor is adding a definition as you did here. That's the sort of thing that should be in Rugby union, but not this article. The tone of that addition is not encyclopaedic. --AussieLegend (talk) 10:15, 5 October 2009 (UTC)
 * I didn't see this discussion before editing the article. I removed the sentence containing what I considered inappropriate tone.  florrie  10:22, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

A final is the series of games after the home and away is finished, they consist of major and minor semi finals, final and grand final, collectively they make the finals. My citations substantiate what I have written.You obviously have no idea of the structure of rugby asnd your ignorance has lead to me be very frustrated with you. I would not edit a subject on mechanics as I am ignorant to that field, but you have removed my citations on the grounds that we did not make the finals when indeed we did.--Aussie and Proud (talk) 10:26, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Once again, if you say the team reached the finals, the reference must say that the team reached the finals. Saying that they reached the semi-finals isn't good enough. That's not my rule, it's part of a core policy. Despite your protestations, the third citation that you provided in support of 2009 does not support 2009 at all. It supports 2008. --AussieLegend (talk) 10:32, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

A semi final is part of the finals, it doesn't fall into any rules, it just is.The article saying we were in the semi final proves me right, I did not say we were in the grand final nor did I claim victory. The third article is dated 2009, at the top of the article.Everything written is accurate, what is your problem.Why are you letting a small community based sporting club, that is part of Maitland be such an issue.I am thankful that people that live in our community show support towards us and not the hostility that you are directing at us.--Aussie and Proud (talk) 10:37, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

 * Enclopaedia articls can't be ambiguous. If you reached the sem-finals then that's what it should say. Yes, the third article is dated 2009 but it's dated 8 January 2009, which was well before the season started and only talks about the team in 2008 and 2007. Have you read it? The first sentence makes it clear that it's about 2008. --AussieLegend (talk) 10:50, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

If it makes you happy I can do one of two things A: I can put a ciation next to the word finals, given its definition or b: I can change the phrase to final series.In rugby terminology finals in its plural form is the collective of all games after the home and away season is complete.--Aussie and Proud (talk) 11:25, 5 October 2009 (UTC) I am happy with how the current edit stands, with the exception of the inclusion of the 2009 finals mention.I hve a reliable citation for that, which is from the Newcastle and Hunter Rugby Union website, which I will place on there after 24 hours, for I am already getting warnings for breaching three edits in 24 hours.I do not understand what all the fuss is about tis club.I am the publicity officer for the club and everything I am placing there is factual.There is so much other stuff on this page with out citations and has been left alone, iI fail to see why so many people are getting there knickers in a knot.To the person who said this belongs on a rugby page, then why don't the schools listed belong on an education page, or profitable festivals like groove in the moo belong on a music page?The reason why all the above mentioned including East Maitland Eagles are part of Maitland and has every right to be on a page about our town. I would like to see other sporting teams mention their club on this page.I won't write about them as I have no authority to mention them, but being with the this particular club since it entering the Newcastle Union gives me authority to write this article.--Aussie and Proud (talk) 11:46, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

Tenambit, New South Wales
I've now created Tenambit, New South Wales and moved information on this team there, since that is the team's home ground. --AussieLegend (talk) 06:52, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

We are the East Maitland Eagles, our club is part of Maitland. This is a page on Maitland and I encourage other sporting clubs who represent the area to have their part on the information page of Maitland. Page includes Groove in the Moo, which is an event run by Sydney promoters for profit and appears on here, obviously that is notable enough for you.Also the Morpeth Jazz festival didn't get moved to a seperate "Morpeth" page, or the High Schools like Maitland High and Grossman High I didn't see them get moved to an East Maitland page, or Rutherford High get moved to a Rutherford page. You are being petty and have had a bee in your bonnet since my inclusion of East Maitland Eagles. Maitland is a town that includes its suburbs and you are trying to divide them.Very petty and very vindictive.You pushed for sources, I provided them, once that was settled you took this angle, get over it.--Aussie and Proud (talk) 12:47, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

 * This is the main article for Maitland so content in this article should be relevant and notable. Groovin' the Moo is held at the Maitland showground so it's appropriate for this article. The Morpeth Jazz festival is a big festival that draws people from all around and outside of the area. It's notable so mention of it belongs here. The schools are listed under education, which is relevant to all of Maitland. Specific content about the schools is included in their own articles if they have them, not here. Your team is not notable enough to have its own article so the appropriate location for the content is the article where your home-ground is located, not duplicated here. --AussieLegend (talk) 13:15, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

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Naming of Maitland
The article notes Sir George Maitland as the origin of the name, but this looks like it should perhaps be Sir Peregrine Maitland? From the same place in Hampshire and a veteran of the Peninsular War. (However, his service and political service seems to be mostly Canada, India and South Africa). He had a brother George, who died at approx age 1, so likely not him. Can anybody validate the reference? Ian TO (talk) 21:44, 15 April 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Maitland, New South Wales


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/A.i.d.S

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 14:00, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

A.i.d.S
I find this lack of music notability disturbing. Zzyzx11 | Talk 03:12, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete not notable Dsmdgold 09:41, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, band/crew vanity. Megan1967 10:58, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * They are definitely notable (ignore the "underground" claim? - one of the two members is probably the most prominent and commercially successful rapper in Germany at this time; there are articles about both of them on de: de:Sido, de:B-Tight). However, this version is no big loss. expand or delete. regards, High on a tree 13:58, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and cleanup based on High on A Tree's comments. Bands with notable members qualify under WikiMusic Project guidelines. Capitalistroadster 08:51, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Sido has had three Top 40 hits in Germany so qualifies under Wikimusic guidelines under requiring at least one top 100 hit in a big or medium market.Capitalistroadster 09:07, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per above. Kappa 16:49, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless someone expands the article to state why it's notable. Remember, VfD is about the article, not the subject. Chris 00:48, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Mortido

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. - Mailer Diablo 16:40, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Mortido
I'm new around here, but seems to be either original research or nonsense. If it isn't, it REALLY needs editing. Delete. 141.211.138.85 03:38, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment, appears to be an obscure psychology term. About 1600 Google results, mostly for some band. Content appears to be copied from here - they are described as "public documents", but the site has a copyright notice. Can we have a psychologist's comment on how 'real' a term this is? --bainer 07:38, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. IANAPsychologist, but Googling on "mortido Freud" provides a fair amount of support for it as a legitimate term in Freudian psychology. It's the drive towards death, in opposition to libido. I'm not sure how it relates to destrudo. FreplySpang (talk) 22:24, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Appears to be a Freudian term but the article as it stands is a waste of space. Would vote to keep if turned into a reasonable stub. No vote as yet. Capitalistroadster 09:48, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable Freudian term. The fact that the stub is poorly written should not be a reason to vote delete. I did some basic wikifying and tagged it as stub. Please note IANAP either: if this survives VfD, it should get some attention from a specialist. For instance, my researches could not clarify whether this is a synonym of destrudo (in which case a merge & redirect would seemed more appropriate): apparently, it is still controversial within the psychoanalytic theory how to name and describe the basic drive that is the opposite of libido. Vlad M V  ٭ talk 14:31, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

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Joe Nemechek

Joseph Frank Nemechek III (born September 26, 1963) is an American professional stock car racing driver who last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 24 Toyota Supra for Sam Hunt Racing. Nemechek has made the second most national series starts in NASCAR history. He claimed the record in 2019 after he passed seven-time Cup Series champion Richard Petty, but was surpassed by Kevin Harvick in 2021. Nemechek won the 1992 NASCAR Busch Series championship.

He is the older brother of racing driver John Nemechek. He is the father of John Hunter Nemechek, who competes full-time in the Cup Series for Legacy Motor Club. He is nicknamed "Front-Row Joe", which was coined by former teammate Wally Dallenbach for his tendency in the late 1990s to be a regular contender for a front-row starting position.

Early career and Busch Series
Nemechek began racing at the age of 13 in motocross and won 300 career races over the next six years. After winning various awards in different short-track series around the country, Nemechek made his Busch Series debut at North Carolina Speedway in 1989, where he started 40th and finished 33rd after suffering an engine failure in his No. 88 Buick.

Nemechek moved up to the Busch Series in 1990, running the No. 87 with sponsorship from Master Machine & Tool, posting two top-fives and finishing 17th in points, winning Rookie of the Year honors. He had 16 top-ten finishes and finished sixth in points the following year. In 1992, Nemechek got full-time sponsorship from Texas Pete sauce, and got his first two career wins and defeated Bobby Labonte for the championship by three points. He did not win again in 1993, but he won three poles and finished fifth in points. That season, he made his Winston Cup debut at New Hampshire International Speedway for his NEMCO team, starting 15th before finishing 36th after suffering rocker arm failure. After running two more races in the 87, he ran a pair of races for Morgan-McClure Motorsports, his best finish being a 23rd place showing at Rockingham.

Early Cup career
In 1994, Nemechek joined Larry Hedrick Motorsports to drive the No. 41 Meineke Discount Mufflers-sponsored Chevy. Despite missing two races, he had three Top 10 finishes and finished 27th in the points standings. The next season, he moved his No. 87 team up to the Cup series with sponsorship from Burger King, posted a fourth-place finish at the MBNA 500 and finished 28th in points. After he dropped to 34th in points, he abandoned his Cup series team and signed to drive the No. 42 Bellsouth-sponsored car for SABCO Racing. After losing his brother John in an accident at Homestead-Miami Speedway early in the year, Nemechek won the first two pole positions of his career, at California Speedway and Pocono Raceway, respectively. He posted four Top 10's and finished a career-best 26th in points the following year. Midway through 1999, he announced he would not return to the No. 42 team the following season when he picked up his first career victory at Loudon. He won two more poles at Martinsville and Talladega Superspeedway and finished 30th in points that year.

Andy Petree Racing and Hendrick Motorsports
For 2000, Nemechek signed to drive the No. 33 Oakwood Homes-sponsored Chevrolet for Andy Petree Racing, winning the pole at Talladega and finishing a career-best 15th in points. He missed five races the following year after suffering an elbow injury at a test at Dover in 2001, then went on to win the Pop Secret Microwave Popcorn 400 at North Carolina Speedway that November.

After Petree's team began to run into financial problems, Nemechek's team was left without a sponsor and he left for Haas-Carter Motorsports to take over the No. 26 Kmart-sponsored Ford Taurus that Jimmy Spencer had left for Chip Ganassi Racing. However, Nemechek went from one financial problem to another, as Kmart filed for bankruptcy early in the 2002 season and stopped sponsoring the Haas-Carter team. This forced Haas-Carter to scale back its operations to one team, and Nemechek was released in favor of keeping Todd Bodine, who was driving the team's other car. Nemechek found an opportunity almost immediately, as Johnny Benson Jr., who was the driver of the No. 10 Valvoline-sponsored Pontiac for MBV Motorsports, was injured in a crash the previous race and required a substitute. After driving one race in Benson's car at Richmond, Nemechek was hired by Hendrick Motorsports to replace Jerry Nadeau in the No. 25 UAW/Delphi-sponsored Chevrolet. Nemechek drove the remainder of the season for Hendrick and performed well enough to earn that ride full time the next season, including 2nd place runs at Atlanta and Homestead where in the latter of the two races mentioned, he led the most laps, he lost both races to Kurt Busch however.

In 2003, Nemechek started in the second spot, led the most laps, and won the Pontiac Excitement 400. The race was rain-shortened with seven laps left, and just three minutes under a red flag, NASCAR called the race official. Nemechek, in an indoor victory lane, dedicated his win to Nadeau, who previously suffered a massive crash during a practice run at Richmond, which would end up ending Nadeau's career in motorsports. After the big win, Nemechek posted five other Top 10 finishes but finished 25th in points. It wasn't enough for Nemechek to keep his job at Hendrick, and was announced to be released from his contract at the end of the season in favor of their Busch Series driver, Brian Vickers. The team later ended up releasing Nemechek early to prepare for Vickers' start in the No. 25 in 2004. Nemechek would move to his 2004 team, the No. 01 for MB2 Motorsports, early, as well.

MB2 Motorsports/Ginn Racing
For the 2004 season, Nemechek returned to MB2 Motorsports, taking over the No. 01 U.S. Army-sponsored car. He was again replacing Jerry Nadeau as the driver, although this time it was due to Nadeau suffering a severe injury that would eventually end his racing career. He won two poles late in the season. In October, Nemechek won at Kansas Speedway, beating out Ricky Rudd at the finish line. Nemechek also won the Busch Series race at Kansas the day before, making him the first driver to pull the Busch-Cup double win at the track. The victory by Nemechek and MB2 at Kansas was a very emotional victory and Nemechek would say in a post-race interview that it was the biggest win of his career.

In 2005, Nemechek won the pole at Michigan. The season was highlighted by a feud with Kevin Harvick. After Harvick caused a multi-car crash involving Nemechek during practice for the 2005 Daytona 500, Nemechek and Jimmie Johnson were outspoken about their displeasure with Harvick. Later, Nemechek got into a tussle with Harvick during The Nextel Challenge. Nemechek got turned into Harvick by Tony Stewart and, because of their Daytona feud, Harvick took Nemechek's role in the wreck personally, which ignited a heated post-race conversation that nearly came to blows. Nemechek remarked post-race that, "Kevin thinks he owns this world, and he ain't squat." NASCAR would issue no penalties to either drivers.

At the end of the season, Nemechek fell seven points short of matching his career-best points finish.

MB2 was rebranded as Ginn Racing following Bobby Ginn's purchase of the team in 2006. He moved to Ginn's No. 13 with a CertainTeed sponsorship after veteran Mark Martin and rookie Regan Smith were tapped to share the No. 01 car. In July 2007, Nemechek was released due to a lack of sponsorship for the No. 13, which was subsequently shut down.

E&M Motorsports and Furniture Row Racing
He signed with E&M Motorsports, and although he failed his first attempt to qualify, at Indy, he made his way into the field for the Michigan race weekend driving the No. 08 Fans On Board-sponsored Dodge. He spent the rest of the season driving for Furniture Row Racing, and signed a three-year contract with FRR to continue to drive in the No. 78 and help expand the team. In April 2008, at Talladega, Nemechek grabbed his 10th career pole driving the No. 78 National Day of Prayer/Furniture Row-sponsored car. It marked Furniture Row Racing's first-ever pole. In October 2008, Nemechek finished 11th at the Talladega race. In November 2008, Furniture Row Racing announced that they were planning on running a limited schedule in 2009 or perhaps not at all in light of the economic situation. The day after this announcement Nemechek was released from his contract, and as a result, he was free to pursue other opportunities for 2009 and beyond.

Start and parking
Shortly thereafter, Nemechek announced that he would be bringing his NEMCO Motorsports team back to full competition in both of NASCAR's top series, Sprint Cup and Nationwide. He would race the No. 87 Chevy in Nationwide and the No. 87 Camry in Cup. Nemechek ran most of the races for both series that season but occasionally had a younger fill in. In the Pepsi 300 at Nashville Superspeedway, Nemechek flipped after contact with several other cars. His car had minor damage, and he was able to drive it back to pit road.

Nemechek raced in 30 Cup races during the 2009 season despite very little funding. He finished just three events and did multiple "start and parks" where a driver starts the race, then parks to conserve parts, tires, etc. and to collect the prize money. On two occasions, he gave up his ride to Scott Speed after his fully funded team failed to qualify for Darlington and Sonoma. He qualified for the 2010 Daytona 500 after missing the race the year before. Nemechek picked up sponsorship from England Stove Works but was involved in an accident on lap 64. Nemechek would go on to compete in 30 more Cup races, with most being "start and parks." That season was highlighted by the 2010 AMP Energy Juice 500, Nemechek led the first lap after starting fourth. He would run the full distance, finishing 27th after suffering a blown tire.

Nemechek brought his No. 87 cars back for 2011 to once again run both major NASCAR series. Nemechek successfully qualified for the Daytona 500 for the second year in a row but was once again involved in an early incident, thus failing to finish again. On June 9 at Texas Motor Speedway, along with Jeff Burton he made his 900th NASCAR start in all top three series. In the Nationwide Series, Nemechek scored his first top five since 2005 with a 3rd-place finish at the Aaron's 312 after being in the position to win with 2 laps to go. In July, Nemechek picked up sponsorship from Extenze and AM FM Energy to run the full race in both series at Daytona International Speedway. He led laps in both races but was taken out in late accidents. Nemechek collected Nationwide Series points for 2011 under NASCAR's policy that a driver may accumulate points for only one series, and finished 14th in the final standings. He ran the No. 87 in both the Sprint Cup and Nationwide Series in 2012, with the Cup ride as a start-and-park to fund the Nationwide team. Nemechek made his 600th career start at Michigan and finished 40th after starting 37th. Nemechek finished 11th in the 2012 Nationwide Series points.

2014
Nemechek's team became Identity Ventures Racing in 2014, and he drove several races in the No. 66 car, which had a limited partnership with Michael Waltrip Racing.

In April 2014, Nemechek announced that he would be driving the No. 86 Deware Racing Group Chevrolet Camaro with sponsorship from Bubba Burger. In the 2014 Aaron's 312, Nemechek was running towards the front during the entire race. With 3 laps remaining, Nemechek was running in the top 10 and finished 6th, his 126th top ten in the Nationwide Series. For the Coke Zero 400, Nemechek entered with the No. 29 RAB Racing Toyota with sponsorship from ToyotaCare, but failed to qualify. Nemechek joined Randy Humphrey Racing for the Oral-B USA 500, qualifying 34th and finishing 37th. He returned to RAB Racing's No. 29 at the 2014 GEICO 500, and initially qualified 24th, putting him in the field for the race. However, his car failed post-race inspection for an improperly sealed oil tank encasement, and he failed to qualify. This became the first season in Nemechek's Cup Series career where he did not race in any of the superspeedway races.

2015–2018
Nemechek's team announced that for the 2015 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series season that his team would be returning to Chevrolet after a three-year tenure with Toyota. Nemechek returned to his own team in the Xfinity and Cup series, running a limited schedule with Chevrolets. Nemechek began the season by failing to qualify for the Xfinity race at Daytona, and withdrawing from the Daytona 500.

The following week at Atlanta, he was announced as the substitute for David Ragan in the No. 34 CSX Ford for Front Row Motorsports. At the time, Ragan was driving for Joe Gibbs Racing in place of the injured Kyle Busch. Nemechek drove the No. 34 car to a 33rd-place finish in what would be his only Cup Series start of the season.

Nemechek made two appearances in 2016, driving his own No. 87 in both Xfinity races at Daytona. Nemechek finished 18th in February and 36th in July after being caught in an early crash while he was running in the top 10.

On January 20, 2017, it was announced that Nemechek would drive the No. 87 truck in the first three races of the season. Nemechek would finish 5th in the season opening race. The next week he would finish 24th at Atlanta. Beginning at Gateway after a 4 race break, Nemechek start and parked the No. 87 until the end of the season, skipping only Eldora and Martinsville where he gave up the ride for Ty Dillon, who brought sponsorship to run the full race. Nemechek's son, John Hunter, would win two consecutive Truck Series races at Gateway and Iowa. Nemechek returned to Xfinity Series and drove the final two races of the season for JD Motorsports, beginning with a start and park at Phoenix in the No. 15 and a full race at Homestead in the No. 01 (ironically his old number in the Cup Series from 2003 to 2006), where he would finished 10th in Stage 1.

In 2018, Nemechek took over as a driver at NEMCO Motorsports after his son John Hunter moved up to the Xfinity Series with Chip Ganassi Racing. He had also been announced as one of the drivers of JD Motorsports' No. 15 car, splitting the ride with other drivers. It was announced that Matt Mills would drive the 15 full time. Nemechek ran the PowerShares QQQ 300 in the 15, and later returned to the car for the Fitzgerald Glider Kits 300.

2019–present
Nemechek would once again run primarily in the Truck Series for 2019, splitting time between the No. 8 and 87, sharing the trucks with multiple drivers. Nemechek also returned to Xfinity competition, driving the No. 13 for MBM Motorsports, and the No. 17 for Mike Harmon Racing. In September, Nemechek raced in the Monster Energy Cup Series for the first time since 2015, returning to Premium Motorsports (formerly Identity Ventures) in their No. 27 car for the Bojangles' Southern 500 as part of the annual throwback weekend. Nemechek later drove at Las Vegas Motor Speedway for the team in September and said that more races in 2019 or 2020 weren't out of the question. Nemechek and his son John Hunter made motorsports history at ISM Raceway in early November 2019 by being the first father-son duo to race in all three main series in one weekend. On November 15, 2019, Nemechek surpassed Richard Petty as the driver with the most starts in NASCAR's three national series, at 1,186.

In 2020, Nemechek returned to Mike Harmon Racing in the Xfinity Series, driving their renumbered No. 47 car for the season opener at Daytona as well as at Las Vegas and Phoenix. Nemechek was scheduled to drive a third part-time car for Mike Harmon in 2021, but NASCAR's lack of regular qualifying halted those plans. Nemechek attempted the Truck Series opener at Daytona, but lacked speed and missed the field for the second year in a row.

In 2022, Nemechek returned to the Xfinity Series, driving the No. 24 for Sam Hunt Racing, partnering with his son John Hunter, at the Wawa 250. However, he failed to qualify for the race after rain cancelled qualifying.

NASCAR
(key) ( Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led. )

Camping World Truck Series
$1$ Season still in progress $1$ Ineligible for series points

title: Joe Nemechek


text:
Roy Andrew Miller

Roy Andrew Miller (September 5, 1924 – August 22, 2014) was an American linguist best known as the author of several books on Japanese language and linguistics, and for his advocacy of Korean and Japanese as members of the proposed Altaic language family.

Biography
Miller was born in Winona, Minnesota, on September 5, 1924, to Andrew and Jessie (née Eickelberry) Miller. In 1953, he completed a Ph.D. in Chinese and Japanese at Columbia University in New York. Long a student of languages, his early work in the 1950s was largely with Chinese and Tibetan. For example, in 1969 he wrote the Encyclopædia Britannica entry on the Tibeto-Burman languages of South Asia.

He was Professor of Linguistics at the International Christian University in Tokyo from 1955 to 1963. Subsequently he taught at Yale University; between 1964 and 1970, he was chairman of the department of East and South Asian Languages and Literatures. From 1970 until 1989 he held a similar post at the University of Washington in Seattle. He then taught in Europe, mainly in Germany and Scandinavia.

He wrote extensively on the Japanese language, from A Japanese Reader (1963) and The Japanese Language (1967) to Japanese and the Other Altaic Languages (1971) and Nihongo: In Defense of Japanese (1986). He later broadened his scope by linking Korean both to Japanese and Altaic, most notably in Languages and History: Japanese, Korean, and Altaic (1996).

On the occasion of his 75th birthday, Professors Karl Menges and Nelly Naumann prepared a Festschrift highlighting his career and including articles on Altaic languages.

Books

 * 1967a. The Japanese Language. Tokyo: Charles E. Tuttle.
 * 1971. Japanese and the Other Altaic Languages. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-52719-0.
 * 1975. The Footprints of the Buddha: An Eighth-Century Old Japanese Poetic Sequence, New Haven (CT): American Oriental Society. ISBN 978-0-940-49058-1
 * 1976. Studies in the Grammatical Tradition in Tibet. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
 * 1980. Origins of the Japanese Language: Lectures in Japan during the Academic Year 1977–78. Seattle: University of Washington Press. ISBN 0-295-95766-2.
 * 1982. Japan's Modern Myth: The Language and Beyond. Tokyo: John Weatherhill Inc. ISBN 0-8348-0168-X.
 * 1986. Nihongo: In Defence of Japanese. London: Athlone Press. ISBN 0-485-11251-5.
 * 1993. Prolegomena to the First Two Tibetan Grammatical Treatises. (Wiener Studien zur Tibetologie und Buddhismuskunde 30.) Vienna: Arbeitskreis für Tibetische und Buddhistische Studien Universität Wien.
 * 1996. Languages and History: Japanese, Korean and Altaic. Oslo: Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture. ISBN 974-8299-69-4.

Articles

 * 1955a. "Studies in spoken Tibetan I: Phonemics". Journal of the American Oriental Society 75: 46–51.
 * 1955c. "Notes on the Lhasa dialect of the early ninth century". Oriens 8: 284–291.
 * 1955d. "The significance for comparative grammar of some ablauts in the Tibetan number-system". T'oung-pao 43: 287–296.
 * 1955e. "The Independent Status of Lhasa dialect within Central Tibetan". Orbis 4.1: 49–55.
 * 1956. "Segmental diachronic phonology of a Ladakh (Tibetan) dialect". Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morganländischen Gesellschaft 106: 345–362.
 * 1956. "The Tibeto-Burman ablaut system". Transactions of the International Conference of Orientalists in Japan / Kokusai Tōhō Gakusha Kaigi kiyō 1: 29–56.
 * 1957. "The phonology of the Old Burmese vowel system as seen in the Myazedi inscription". Transactions of the International Conference of Orientalists in Japan / Kokusai Tōhō Gakusha Kaigi kiyō 2: 39–43.
 * 1962. "The Si-tu Mahapandita on Tibetan phonology". 湯浅八郎博士古稀記念論文集 / Yuasa Hachirō hakushi koki kinen ronbunshu / To Dr. Hachiro Yuasa; A Collection of Papers Commemorating His Seventieth Anniversary, 921–933. Tokyo: 国際基督教大学 / Kokusai Kirisutokyō Daigaku.
 * 1966. "Early evidence for vowel harmony in Tibetan". Language 42: 252–277.
 * 1967b. "Old Japanese phonology and the Korean–Japanese relationship".
 * 1967c. "Some problems in Tibetan transcription of Chinese from Tun-huang". Monumenta Serica 27: 123–148 (publ. 1969).
 * 1976. "The Relevance of Historical Linguistics for Japanese Studies". The Journal of Japanese Studies 2.2: 335-388.
 * 1977. "The 'Spirit' of the Japanese Language". The Journal of Japanese Studies 3.2: 251-298.
 * 1978, "Is Tibetan genetically related to Japanese?", in: Proceedings of the Csoma de Körös memorial Symposium, ed. L. Ligeti, Budapest 1978, pp. 295–312.)
 * 2002. "The Middle Mongolian vocalic hiatus". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 55.1–3: 179–205.
 * 2008 "The Altaic Aorist in *-Ra in Old Korean". Lubotsky, Alexander, ed. Evidence and counter-evidence : essays in honour of Frederik Kortlandt Amsterdam: Rodopi. (Studies in Slavic and general linguistics; 32–33) 267–282.

Reviews

 * 1955b. Review of 稻葉正就 Inaba Shōju, チベット語古典文法学 / Chibettogo koten bunpōgaku [Classical Tibetan Language Grammatical Studies] Kyoto: 法藏館 Hōzōkan, 1954 (昭和 Shōwa 29). Language 31: 481–482.
 * 1968. Review of András Róna-Tas, Tibeto-Mongolica: The Loanwords of Mongour and the Development of the Archaic Tibetan Dialects (Indo-Iranian Monographs 7), The Hague: Mouton, 1966. In Language 44.1: 147–168.
 * 1970. Review of R. Burling’s Proto-Lolo-Burmese. Indo-Iranian Journal 12 (1970), 146–159.
 * 1974. "Sino-Tibetan: Inspection of a Conspectus". Journal of the American Oriental Society 94.2: 195–209.
 * 1982. "Linguistic issues in the study of Tibetan Grammar". Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde Südasiens und Archiv für indische Philosophie 26: 86–116.
 * 1994. "A new grammar of written Tibetan". Review of Stephen Beyer, The Classical Tibetan Language, Albany: State University of New York Press, 1992. Journal of the American Oriental Society 114.1: 67–76.
 * 1998,
 * 2001 Review of Philip Denwood, "Tibetan", (London Oriental and African Language Library, vol. 3). Philadelphia: John Benjamins, 1999. Journal of the American Oriental Society 121.1:125–128.

title: Roy Andrew Miller


text: User:Ultra megatron

title: User:Ultra megatron


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Controller.controller

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. —Korath (Talk) 01:15, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)

Controller.controller
I find this lack of music notability disturbing. Zzyzx11 | Talk 03:16, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. The only reason I put this up was that it was marked with {music-importance} since |6:54, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC). Zzyzx11 | Talk 18:36, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Controller.controller have gone on 1) a national tour of Canada (which is a large country) 2) multiple international tours (of both the United States in 2004 and 2005, and Britan in 2005). This band unquestionably meets the notability standard.
 * Keep, tentative. Has allmusic.com entry and one album and tour so this would be the bottom limits of inclusion for me. Megan1967 11:01, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per anon and Megan1967, also many google hits Kappa 12:05, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep N-Mantalk 12:16, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The national tours mean that they meet Wikimusic Project guidelines. Capitalistroadster 09:22, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Template:Peter Kemp

''Based on original text by Peter Kemp, The Johann Strauss Society of Great Britain. Used with permission.''

title: Template:Peter Kemp


text: Template:CopyrightedFreeUse-Link

title: Template:CopyrightedFreeUse-Link


text:
Dave Blaney

David Louis Blaney (born October 24, 1962) is a semi-retired American professional stock car racing driver. Blaney was a successful sprint car driver before he started racing in NASCAR, competing in both the Sprint Cup Series and Nationwide Series. For many years, he was a regular at Super Dirt Week in Syracuse, New York, although he never won that event. He owns Sharon Speedway in Hartford Township, Trumbull County, Ohio. His brother Dale Blaney is a sprint car driver. His son, Ryan Blaney, is the 2023 NASCAR Cup Series Champion. Dave was also known as the “Buckeye Bullet”.

Sprint car racing career

Blaney, born in Hartford Township in Trumbull County, Ohio, was awarded the 1983 All-Star Sprint Circuit Rookie-of-the-Year. He raced in the United States Automobile Club (USAC) Silver Crown Series in 1984 and won the national touring series' championship. Blaney won his first World of Outlaws (WoO) race at Eldora Speedway in 1987. He won the 1993 Chili Bowl Midget Nationals. In 1995 he won his second $50,000 to win King's Royal at Eldora Speedway on his way to winning the WoO Championship. In the 1997 season, he won the Gold Cup, and the Knoxville Nationals, which is considered the premiere event in sprint car racing. He was the first driver who did not defend his Knoxville win, when he moved into NASCAR. After moving to NASCAR, he kept his sprint car team going, fielding a car for his brother Dale and the late Kevin Gobrecht. In 2016 after retiring from NASCAR, he drove the Motter Motorsports 71M on a hand-picked schedule of primarily World of Outlaws and All-Star, along with races in central Pennsylvania. In May 2021, Blaney won the World Of Outlaws sprint car feature race at his home track of Sharon Speedway, setting series records for both longest gap between victories—his previous win with the Outlaws came in 1997—and oldest driver to win in the series at 58 years old.

1998–2005: Early career and team instability
Blaney began his Busch Series career in 1998 with Bill Davis Racing, driving the No. 93 Amoco-sponsored Pontiac and in his first season had three sixth-place finishes and a pole position at Lowe's Motor Speedway. The following season, he ran a full-time schedule and won four poles and ended the season a career-best seventh in points. That season, he returned to the Winston Cup series with Davis, earning a best finish of 23rd at Homestead in the No. 93. In 2000, Blaney and his Amoco team moved up to Winston Cup full-time and posted two Top 10s, but DNQ’d in the second race of the season at Rockingham. He finished third in the NASCAR Winston Cup Rookie of the Year award standings for the season. He returned to the Busch Series that year with a limited schedule in BDR's No. 20 AT&T-sponsored Pontiac, gaining a pole position at Charlotte and also finish 3rd twice. In 2001, the team would switch to Dodge and he would compete in all the races with a best finish of sixth three different times during the season. He left Davis at the end of the season due to sponsorship concerns and signed with the No. 77 Jasper Motorsports team. His best finish during the 2002 season was seventh at Phoenix. Blaney started the 2003 season with three Top 10s and a pole the first five races, including a third-place finish at Darlington, but fell to 28th in points at the end of the season, resulting in his release.

Blaney returned to Bill Davis Racing in 2004 for a limited schedule, due to a lack of a sponsorship. Part of his deal was making his Craftsman Truck Series debut for the team in the No. 23 at Dover, where he finished sixth. After two 11th-place finishes, Blaney joined Richard Childress Racing, taking over the No. 30 AOL-sponsored Chevrolet for eight races. After two Top 15 finishes, he was replaced by Jeff Burton and started one race for Roush Racing in the No. 99 Canteen Vending/Kraft Foods-sponsored Ford in the place of rookie Carl Edwards, who missed the start due a Craftsman Truck Series race that ran late. Blaney exited the car on lap 24, and Edwards went on to finish 37th after a crash. He also ran the spring race at Richmond International Raceway in the No. 7 Dodge for Ultra Motorsports and finished 40th. Blaney returned to Richard Childress Racing in 2005 to drive the No. 07 Jack Daniel's-sponsored Chevrolet. During the season he would post only two Top 10 finishes and finished a dismal 26th in points.

2006–2008: Second Bill Davis Racing stint
In 2006, he returned to the Bill Davis Racing stable to run the No. 22 Caterpillar-sponsored Dodge. His best finish in 2006 came at the Richmond International Raceway, where he finished fourth. He also scored his first Busch Series victory at Lowes Motor Speedway, when Matt Kenseth spun on the last lap and Blaney was in the lead. In 2007, BDR switched to Toyota, which had just entered the Cup Series. Blaney almost won the season-opening Busch Series race at Daytona, finishing second to Kevin Harvick. In the Cup Series, Blaney failed to qualify for three races, but got Toyota its first Cup Series pole at Loudon, and finished 31st in points. In 2008, with the Car of Tomorrow being raced full-time, Blaney had two Top 10s and moved up to 30th in points.

2009–2010: Loss of Ride, Start, and Park Teams.
Bill Davis Racing shut down before the 2009 season, leaving Blaney without a ride. In 2009, Blaney signed to run the start and park No. 66 Prism Motorsports Toyota for a full season, getting a best finish of 28th at Charlotte Motor Speedway. Incidentally, Blaney did not qualify for three out of the four races that he had sponsorship for (Hyde Park was on the car at Las Vegas, and the Denny Hamlin Foundation at Charlotte and Texas). With the team continuing to start and park during the 2010 season, Blaney has a best finish of 29th at Las Vegas and led three laps the previous week at Fontana, he has parked his car prior to completion in all but one race this season. For the race at Phoenix, Blaney piloted the No. 55 Prism Toyota, with teammate Michael McDowell driving the No. 66 in an attempt to get both teams in the Top 35 in owners points according to team owner Phil Parsons.

Throughout the summer of 2010, Blaney ran in dirt track 410 sprint car racing, and the "Buckeye Bullet" has been successful in his return posting two Top 5 finishes during Ohio Sprint Speedweek and has one feature win thus far as he was triumphant at TRI-CITY Speedway in Franklin Pennsylvania on July 4, 2010. Blaney has his sights set on some major events during his summer dirt tour including a stop at family owned Sharon Speedway for the Lou Blaney Memorial and Eldora Speedway for the Kings Royal. For the remainder of the 2010 Sprint Cup season, Blaney split his time between Front Row Motorsports and Tommy Baldwin Racing. Compared to Prism, both teams have some degree of sponsorship; Front Row Motorsports ran full races while Tommy Baldwin Racing was an occasional start and park entry. For example, Blaney ran the entire race at Loudon in the No. 36 with only associate sponsorship from Connecticut-based construction company Mohawk Northeast (owned by Alan Heinke, part owner of TBR) while parking an unsponsored TBR entry at Talladega after 12 laps.

2011–2013: Career recovery with Tommy Baldwin
For the 2011 season, Blaney joined Tommy Baldwin Racing for the full season, with the team now committed to running full races. At the 2011 Daytona 500, Blaney received last minute sponsorship from Golden Corral. He led three laps and finished 26th after a late race accident. Blaney piloted the No. 36 Tommy Baldwin Racing Chevrolet with backing from Accell Construction Inc. in several races during the season. Golden Corral returned at the 2011 Aaron's 499, and Blaney led 21 laps but was spun out by Kurt Busch with three laps to go and finished 27th. He led the second most laps behind Clint Bowyer.

On April 27, Tommy Baldwin Racing announced that Blaney and the No. 36 team would be sponsored by Golden Corral for 19 races and Big Red / All Sport for five races leaving only three races without a sponsor. The team did not run the Sprint All-Star Race in May in order to focus on the points-paying events. Blaney finished third at Talladega in the fall, which was the best finish for Tommy Baldwin Racing and tied for his best career finish. Golden Corral returned for three races in 2012, with Ollie's Bargain Outlet, Accell Construction and TMOne sponsoring other races. During the 2012 Daytona 500, Blaney led after 160 laps. During a caution, shortly after race leaders had made pit stops, Juan Pablo Montoya crashed into a jet dryer, which was being used to blow debris from the track. As a result of the crash, the jet fuel that powered the helicopter engine spilled out onto the track and was ignited. NASCAR put the race under a red flag, at which point Blaney had the lead. Blaney finished 15th after a crash on lap 196.

Blaney returned to Tommy Baldwin Racing for the 2013 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, moving to the new No. 7 Chevrolet; he also signed with Brad Keselowski Racing to drive their No. 19 in the Camping World Truck Series at the series' inaugural visit to Eldora Speedway, which he drove to a ninth-place finish. With Blaney's son Ryan's career having reached a level in which it no longer needed family funding, Dave went into semi-retirement after 2013. His last race with TBR was the season finale at Homestead. He was replaced at TBR by rookie Michael Annett. Blaney was credited with being a major part of building TBR into a legitimate Cup-level organization.

2014: Semi-retirement
In January 2014, it was announced that Blaney would be driving the No. 77 Ford for Randy Humphrey Racing during several 2014 races. However, during practice for the Daytona 500, Blaney's car was caught up in a wreck. The team attempted to purchase a backup car from another team, but was unable to, and was forced to rescind their entry. The team was on the entry list for the Auto Club 400, but the team withdrew the Tuesday before the race. The team was again on the entry list for the STP 500 at Martinsville Speedway, but withdrew before practice. After failing to qualify in their first four races, the No. 77 team qualified for the first time in 2014 at the Duck Commander 500. At the season's midway point, Humphrey's team suspended operations. At the August race at Pocono, Blaney returned to TBR for the first time, driving a third car for the team he helped build. He finished 26th in the race. Blaney returned to the car at Michigan later in the month. Blaney also drove the following week at Bristol Motor Speedway, which turned out to be his final start.

NASCAR
(key) ( Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led. )

Camping World Truck Series
$$ Season still in progress

$1$ Ineligible for series points

Superstar Racing Experience
(key) * – Most laps led. 1 – Heat 1 winner. 2 – Heat 2 winner.

title: Dave Blaney


text:
Kenneth Pendar

Kenneth W. Pendar (December 22, 1906 - December 5, 1972) was a United States diplomat who served as Vice-Consul in Marrakech and Casablanca in 1942 and 1943. He published his memoirs, where he recounts his wartime experiences and activities, in two books, Adventure in Diplomacy: Our French Dilemma and Adventure in Diplomacy (World War II).

Kenneth Pendar's involvement in supporting the nationalist movement in Morocco, his close ties to the Istiqlal party, and his business ventures, particularly with Coca-Cola, raised suspicions about possible connections to the CIA. His story highlights the blurred lines between civilian life and intelligence work, showcasing how former intelligence officers like Pendar engaged in economic activities while maintaining informal contacts with their former colleagues.

Pendar served as a second to American diplomat Robert Murphy in Algiers during Operation Torch in November 1942. He was instrumental in helping to arrange a ceasefire between French and invading Allied forces, which produced the controversial "Darlan deal." Murphy and American commander, General Mark Clark, accepted the continuing authority of Admiral François Darlan, the commander of all Vichy French military forces at the time. The acceptance of the continued authority of the Vichy regime under Marshal Philippe Pétain in North Africa was very controversial at the time and badly received by the public in Allied countries, especially Britain. Free-French leader Charles de Gaulle, who was excluded from any role in Operation Torch, was especially upset by the "deal." Pendar acted as a liaison with the pro-Allied (but not Gaullist) underground in Algiers before and during the Allied invasion. He was unable to keep most of them out of jail after the agreement to a ceasefire.

title: Kenneth Pendar


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Jazz Passengers

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. —Korath (Talk) 01:19, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)

The Jazz Passengers
I find this lack of music notability disturbing. Zzyzx11 | Talk 03:19, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I apologize to everyone for putting this on VfD. I missed that this actually passes criteria #5 on Notability and Music Guidelines: "Contains at least one member who was once a part of or later joined a band that is otherwise extremely notable." Zzyzx11 | Talk 18:48, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Hope to have time to write article. Capitalistroadster 11:30, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, Debbie Harry has made albums with them . Also their guitarist Marc Ribot has an article. Kappa 03:27, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Meet WikiMusic project guidelines with notable former member Marc Ribot and six albums since 1987 one of which made the Billboard jazz charts. Another of the members Bill ware toured with Steely Dan All Music Guide says that Debbie Harry has recorded and toured with them so they qualify on notable members and touring guidelines. Performing with Jeff Buckley and Mavis Staples both notable musicians further adds to notability. |JAZZ|PASSENGERS&uid=MIW050504080716&samples=1&sql=11:kmzyxdybjolf~T1/1
 * Weak keep and expand as noted above. Encouragement to CR.  Barno 15:03, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Ferdinand Pienaar 07:20, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Template talk:Peter Kemp

For information, this template was created because a contributor apparently added a number of articles about individual compositions by Johann Strauss II based on CD liner notes written by Mr. Kemp. Mr. Kemp contacted the Wikimedia Foundation to express his concern, but agreed that the texts could remain if he was properly credited in this fashion. The template simplifies placing this text on the articles in question. --Michael Snow 03:20, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * OTRS ticket #114610 - . --Moonriddengirl (talk) 14:09, 29 March 2015 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Peter Kemp


text:
Wikipedia:Granting work into the public domain

Legal basis of copyright in the United States
The creation of a work, such as an image or a piece of writing, generally automatically creates certain rights to control the use of that work. The original legal basis for United States copyright is the "copyright clause" of the Constitution, Article I, Section 8, Clause 8, which states, in pertinent part, "The Congress shall have Power ... To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries." The United States Congress enacted the United States Copyright Act, codified under Title 17 of the United States Code. The governmental functions of the Copyright Act are administered by the Copyright Office.

Under copyright law, most authors own the rights to limit use of their works. However, not all works fit this description. Exceptions include works in the public domain, which are old enough that either their author is long dead or it was created during a time when copyright was not assigned automatically. Some works created by the government or in other countries are also in the public domain. Some works are not sufficiently original to be eligible for copyright protection.

Sometimes people wish for a piece of their own work to be freely available to everyone to use with no strings attached, and put the work in the public domain. This isn't very hard to do — the copyright holder merely has to make a statement that they release all rights to the work. Once this irrevocable act is complete they no longer have any power over how the work is used since it is then owned by the public as a whole.

It is controversial, however, whether it is possible for a copyright holder to truly abandon the copyright of their work. Robert A. Baron argues in his essay "Making the Public Domain Public" that "because the public domain is not a legally sanctioned entity," a statement disclaiming a copyright or "granting" a work into the public domain has no legal effect whatsoever, and that the owner still retains all rights to the work not otherwise released. The owner would then have the legal right to prosecute people who use the work under the impression that it was in the public domain. It is certainly true that under some jurisdictions, it is impossible to release moral rights. For example the German Copyright Law (Urheberrechtsgesetz) prevents the transferability of copyrights in §29 UrhG so that an abdication isn't possible as well, though that is not the case in the United States. A more likely problem may be the lack of factual evidence that the owner has indeed put the work into the public domain.

Some scholars of copyright law, including Lawrence Lessig, agree that it is difficult to put works in the public domain, but not impossible. The Creative Commons website, for example, released a copyright waiver in 2009 called CC0. It is important to maintain that this is a copyright waiver and not a public domain release, because of the controversy regarding the legality of abandoning a copyright on a work. This waiver nullifies and voids all copyright on a work. It also provides a fallback all-permissive license in case the waiver is deemed legally invalid. In the worst case that even the license is deemed invalid, the license contains a promise from the copyright holder not to exercise any copyrights he/she owns in the work.

Advice for users of our content
All text on Wikipedia is submitted under the Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike license and the GNU Free Documentation License. Contributors can choose to multi-license their works under other licenses, and users can then choose which license to accept. Many people have also put public domain deeds on their uploaded content or their user pages.

Given the above, it is up to any user of the content to decide whether they consider a public domain deed to be sufficiently legally safe. If not, they can still choose to abide by the terms of the GNU FDL, or another open content license if the uploader has provided multiple options. See Userboxes/Large/Licensing for the available list of license banners that users can use in their user pages.

However, be wary of images which were not created by one of our users but by an external author who claimed to put them in the public domain. These may actually be under a stronger license.

Advice for editors and uploaders
It is not unreasonable to put your content in the public domain, but we advise you to also license it under a CC BY license or a free-use license if you desire a "softer" fallback than the GNU FDL. Note that all text is licensed by the uploader or editor under a CC BY-SA license (both on the edit form and on the upload submission form) if they have the rights to do so.

Also, if the work is not yours but the author made a statement releasing it into the public domain, it is recommended (but not required) that you contact them to see if they'll additionally make a statement releasing all rights. If so, add a free-use license tag as well.

The free-use tags that have been created for user contributions are:

 * CC0 This is the preferred choice for all new self-released public domain works.
 * CopyrightedFreeUse-Link
 * NoRightsReserved
 * LicenseFreeUse
 * TextLicenseFreeUse
 * ImageLicenseFreeUse
 * TextLicenseMinorFreeUse

Links

 * Wiki Wiki Web: Public Domain: "The opinion on the OSI license approval discussion list is that it's no longer possible to release your work to the public domain in the USA. Technically speaking, the copyright always stays with you even if you don't claim it anywhere."
 * De Balie: Public Domain FAQ: "In fact the phrase "public domain" has no legal status at all in the UK."
 * A private e-mail from the U.S. Copyright Office sent to User:Dcoetzee that says, among other things, "Please be advised that one may not grant their work into the public domain. However, a copyright owner may release all of their rights to their work by stating the work may be freely reproduced, distributed, etc."
 * Our own article on public domain: "Any work receives copyright by default and copyright law generally doesn't provide any special means to "abandon" copyright so that a work can enter the public domain [ . . . ] A copyright holder can explicitly disclaim any proprietary interest in the work, effectively granting it to the public domain, by providing a licence to this effect. A suitable licence will grant permission for all of the acts which are restricted by copyright law."
 * In response to these concerns, Creative Commons published the CC0 copyright waiver in 2009. It is the best tool to legally release all copyright on a work, as it provides adequate fallback permissions in case any part of the waiver is deemed legally invalid.


text:
Talk:Lancelot Link, Secret Chimp

Car Chases
BMW M5s? The M5 didn't appear until the 1980s. Marshall Stax 23:44, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

 * What's the difference? They were monkeys playing spys in the 70's. That's hilarious!!! 2600:8801:3207:2000:10FF:98AC:AE29:569F (talk) 17:17, 24 February 2024 (UTC)

what did they give the chimps to eat to make them talk
? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.125.110.223 (talk) 19:58, 6 December 2007 (UTC)

This question was years ago, but here's an answer anyway. Some chimps would obey hand signals to move their mouths. Those that couldn't were given bubble gum to chew. The exception was Tonga, who didn't know the hand signal and didn't like bubble gum. For him they used peanut butter.68.167.26.113 (talk) 16:52, 15 January 2014 (UTC)

Single time on Nick?
Pretty sure they showed it more than just a single time per ep. 76.226.120.139 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 06:15, 23 March 2010 (UTC).

title: Talk:Lancelot Link, Secret Chimp


text:
Ryan Miller (disambiguation)

Ryan Miller (born 1980) is a former ice hockey goaltender who last played for the Anaheim Ducks.

Ryan Miller may also refer to:

 * Ryan Miller (musician) (born 1972), lead singer and guitar player for the band Guster
 * Ryan Miller (soccer) (born 1984), professional soccer player
 * Ryan Miller (American football) (born 1989), offensive lineman
 * Ryan Miller (cyclist), rides for Toyota-United Pro Cycling Team, see United States National Team Pursuit Championships
 * Ryan Miller (basketball coach) (born 1975), American basketball coach
 * Archie Miller (basketball) (Ryan Joseph Miller, born 1978), American college basketball coach and former player

title: Ryan Miller (disambiguation)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sound Toy

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 16:32, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Sound Toy
I find the lack of music notability disturbing. Zzyzx11 | Talk 03:22, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. Megan1967 11:09, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User:Shai200

Shai rocks and so does Model UN! Looking good on formal day..

title: User:Shai200


text:
Adorable

Adorable may refer to:
 * Adorable (band), a British rock band from the 1990s
 * Adorable (film), a 1933 American film directed by William Dieterle
 * "Adorable" (song), a 1955 song by The Drifters, The Colts, The Fontane Sisters

title: Adorable


text:
Jerry Rees

Jerry W. Rees (born November 15, 1956) is an American film director and animator, best known for the Emmy-nominated animated feature film The Brave Little Toaster (1987) and creating many of the visual effects for the cult classic Tron (1982).

Early life
Rees was mentored as an animator from the age of 16 at Disney Studios by Eric Larson, one of Walt Disney's Nine Old Men, and was trained and taught at California Institute of the Arts, along with classmates John Lasseter, Brad Bird, John Musker, Tim Burton and Doug Lefler.

Career
In 1978, Rees worked as an animator for the Christmas children's film The Small One. He also worked on the Disney film The Fox and the Hound (1981), and the following year served as one of the visual effects supervisors for the cutting-edge science fiction film Tron.

In 1987, Rees and science fiction writer Thomas M. Disch collaborated on adapting Disch's short story The Brave Little Toaster into an animated film. The resulting film was nominated for a Grand Jury Prize at the Sundance Film Festival and nominated for Outstanding Animated Program at the 1988 Primetime Emmy Awards. He also teamed up with fellow CalArts alum Tim Burton to co-write and co-direct the cult classic featurettes Doctor of Doom and Luau.

Rees directed the Neil Simon-penned The Marrying Man (1991) and served as an animation producer on the film Space Jam (1996).

In 1993, Rees wrote and produced (with Steven Paul Leiva) a new Betty Boop feature film for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. Seventy-five percent of the film was storyboarded, but two weeks before voice recording was to begin, MGM switched studio chiefs and the project, tentatively called The Betty Boop Feature Script, was abandoned.

In addition to his film credits, Rees helped produce and direct a record-setting 13 multimedia features at the various Disney theme parks, including the Indiana Jones Epic Stunt Spectacular! and Sounds Dangerous! at Disney-MGM Studios, Cranium Command and O Canada! at EPCOT, ExtraTERRORestrial Alien Encounter at Magic Kingdom, the ride preshow film of Dinosaur at Disney's Animal Kingdom, Rock 'n' Roller Coaster Starring Aerosmith at Disney-MGM Studios and Walt Disney Studios Park, Cinemagique at Walt Disney Studios Park, and Mystic Manor at Hong Kong Disneyland. Rees also directed the Tourist from Hell, The Editing Story, and Michael & Mickey short films, as well as the Back to Neverland short film starring Robin Williams and Walter Cronkite which were all screened as part of the backstage tour at Disney-MGM Studios.

For some time, Rees was attached as director to a project called Rand Robinson, Robot Repairman, financed by Interscope and Philips. The film was set in a futuristic Los Angeles, and Philips expected to use the film to showcase their emerging technology. Rees storyboarded various scenes in the film, but eventually several key players left the project, and it was shelved.

In 2010, Rees and voice actress/writer Deanna Oliver made an appearance at California State University, Northridge to discuss the making of their film The Brave Little Toaster.

Currently, Rees is a full-time creative consultant at the San Francisco film studio Wild Brain, where he is developing CGI features. Rees is also attached to direct a Casey Silver Productions CGI feature.

title: Jerry Rees


text:
Regional state

A regional state, or a regionalised unitary state, is a term used to denote a type of state that is formally unitary but where a high degree of political power has been highly decentralised to regional governments. This contrasts with a state organized on principles of federalism (either a federal republic such as the United States, Brazil, or India or a federal monarchy such as Belgium or Malaysia) where the powers of the regions are enshrined in constitutional law. In many cases, the regions are based on long standing cultural or regional divisions.

Europe
Many regional states exist in Europe because many European states are very old, and their constitutional structures evolved from absolute monarchy and hold that power emanates from the central government. This means that any regional autonomy is theoretically only existent at the sufferance of the central government. However, in practice, there would be enormous popular and political resistance if the central government tried to revoke the autonomy of a region. This can be seen in the opposition to the Spanish government's application of direct rule in Catalonia during and immediately after the Catalan crisis. Catalonia's autonomy has since been restored.

Italy
Italy is another European regional state, since it is divided into 20 regions that exercise significant authority. Five of the regions (Sicily, Sardinia, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, and the Val d'Aosta) are more autonomous than the others. As in Spain, some politicians and political parties in the country, especially those that express regionalist ideology, favor the establishment of a federal system in Italy.

Spain
One example of a regional state is Spain which is divided into autonomous communities which are autonomous government bodies that exercise a large degree of lawmaking and in some cases tax-setting authority but are officially creations of the central government. They are designed to ensure limited autonomy for the nationalities and regions of Spain such as the Catalans and the Galicians, among others. Many political parties in Spain, especially those expressing one of the various regional nationalisms, have called for the creation of a full federal system in the country, as opposed to the current system, which is often described as "federalism in all but name" or "federation without federalism".

Others
Europe is the continent with the most regional states. Though Spain and Italy are the most well known for their regional structures, Greece, Ukraine, France and the United Kingdom are all also regionalised and respectively divided into decentralized administrations of Greece, oblasts of Ukraine, regions of France, and countries of the United Kingdom (the United Kingdom also has a number of other types of devolved government: the Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories). There are also several federations in Europe, notably Germany, Austria and Belgium but also Bosnia and Herzegovina, Russia, Switzerland and debatably the Kingdom of the Netherlands (not to be confused with the Netherlands, which forms one of its constituent countries though overwhelmingly the most important one; this last also could be considered a regional state, according their provincial government duties).

Other countries such as Serbia, Portugal or Finland have devolved power to certain regions but are not regionalized because the regional system does not expand across the whole nation.

Americas
There are only four regional states in the Americas: Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, and Peru. The reason is that states in the Americas were on average much more recently created than those in Europe. Thus, federal structures are much more common and are found in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela, and formerly the West Indies Federation. Other countries such as Nicaragua, Saint Kitts and Nevis and Antigua and Barbuda have devolved power to certain regions but are not regionalized because the regional system does not expand across the whole nation.

European territories
Several European countries (namely France, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom) have overseas territories in the Caribbean that have devolved governments of their own.

People's Republic of China
Communist-ruled Mainland China might be considered a regional state since significant levels of power are exercised by the provinces and autonomous regions as well as the special administrative regions. Provinces exercise such a degree of independent authority that some analysts claim that there exists a de facto federation in China because of striking differences in the nature of state policy between provinces, as exemplified by the competing Chongqing model and Guangdong model.

Indonesia
Indonesia is a regionalised unitary state. It was once a federal country for a brief period following its independence under the name United States of Indonesia, but that system was replaced by a unitary one in 1950. However, the country is divided into provinces, which exercise significant authority over local issues because of the large size of the country. Additionally, some regions such as Western New Guinea and Aceh have more autonomy because of their unique and often fractious relationship with the national government. Yogyakarta Sultanate is also a region of Indonesia that has a special relationship with the central government since it is a monarchy in which the Sultan of Yogyakarta serves in a position similar to that of a governor.

Philippines
The Philippines is divided into provinces and the Bangsamoro autonomous region. The Provinces exercise significant degree of authority in local matters. Many people in the Philippines propose the creation of a federation.

Republic of China (Taiwan)
The Republic of China, which has ruled Taiwan since 1945, can be considered as a regional state as there are a number of counties and cities that are self-governing according to the Local Government Act. There are also indigenous areas throughout the island that are concentrated in the southern areas of Taiwan.

New Zealand
New Zealand is divided into sixteen regions (Māori: Ngā takiwā) for local government purposes. Eleven are administered by regional councils (the top tier of local government), and five are administered by unitary authorities, which are territorial authorities (the second tier of local government) that also perform the functions of regional councils. The Chatham Islands Council is not a region but is similar to a unitary authority, authorised under its own legislation. Powers and duties are established by the Local Government Act (2002), though also have functions by the Resource Management Act 1991 and other acts (i.e. Reserves Act 1977, Biosecurity Act 1993, Maritime Transport Act 1994).

Africa
There are several regional states in Africa. They are common because all of the continent's countries except for Liberia and Ethiopia came into existence in the 20th or the 21st centuries and so were not constrained by old constitutional structures in setting up their governments.

South Africa
South Africa is a regional state divided into a number of provinces, all of which have their own elected provincial legislature and Premier and exercise significant degrees of authority. Some people and political parties, most notably the Inkatha Freedom Party, advocate the establishment of a federal system in which the provinces would be the federal units.

Tanzania
Tanzania is divided into 21 regions as well as Zanzibar. The regions exercise a large degree of political power. However, Zanzibar is more autonomous than the others and has its own leader, the President of Zanzibar, and legislature, the Zanzibar House of Representatives.

Others
South Africa and Tanzania are the only true regional states in Africa, but some other states have similar aspects. Morocco is divided into Regions that exercise some power but have less regional authority than the regions of true regional states. Other unitary countries as Uganda or Ghana recognize some local traditional authorities.

title: Regional state


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Marching Out

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. —Korath (Talk) 01:21, Apr 14, 2005 (UTC)

Marching Out
This article lacks notability, and it has not been touched since 18 Feb 2005. Zzyzx11 | Talk 03:26, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. It's an album by Yngwie J. Malmsteen, as minimal research would have shown you. I've stubbified it. sjorford →•← 09:03, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. I apologize for putting this on VfD instead of looking carefully at it. I was in the process of putting a bunch of non-notable music articles here on VfD and this must have slipped by. Zzyzx11 | Talk 18:41, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Album by notable artist. Capitalistroadster 11:57, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. --Myles Long 16:23, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Patrick Kerwin

Patrick Kerwin (October 25, 1889 – February 2, 1963) was the tenth Chief Justice of Canada.

Life and career
Patrick Grandcourt Kerwin was born in Sarnia, Ontario to Patrick Kerwin and Ellen Gavin. Kerwin attended Osgoode Hall Law School in 1908. He articled in Sarnia with R. V. Le Sueur. In 1911 Kerwin moved to Guelph, where he practiced law for over 21 years with Guthrie and Guthrie, later changed to Guthrie and Kerwin. During that time, he served as solicitor for the city of Guelph and Wellington County, as well as Crown prosecutor. In 1932 he was appointed to the High Court of Ontario.

Supreme Court of Canada
On July 20, 1935, Kerwin was appointed a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Canada. In 1954, after 19 years on the court, Kerwin was appointed as Chief Justice, replacing the retired Thibaudeau Rinfret, with the honorific "The Honourable".

Kerwin was considered an able judge and administrator. There was a minor controversy over him being Catholic, as Rinfret was also Catholic. Kerwin was deemed to be in poor health when appointed and there were rumours he would retire during his tenure but served 9 years. Five different puisne judges were appointed to the court during those years, an unusually high number.

Kerwin died on February 2, 1963, at the age of 73.

title: Patrick Kerwin