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Avon River (Gippsland, Victoria)

The Avon River is a perennial river of the West Gippsland catchment, located in the West Gippsland region, of the Australian state of Victoria. The Avon, forms an important part of the Latrobe sub-catchment, draining the south eastern slopes of the Great Dividing Range, to form the Gippsland Lakes.

Location and features
The Avon River rises on the south eastern slopes of Mount Wellington, below Miller Spur, part of the Great Dividing Range within the Avon Wilderness Park. The rivers flows in a highly meandering course generally south, then east, then south by southeast, joined by ten tributaries including the Turton River and the Perry River, before reaching its mouth to form Lake Wellington east of and southeast of. Within Lake Wellington, the Avon forms its confluence with the Latrobe River, empties into Bass Strait via the Mitchell River south of. The river descends 664 m over its 122 km course.

The upper reaches are contained in the rugged, heavily forested and largely inaccessible, Avon Wilderness Park. The river passes through forested hillsides, then cleared agricultural land. Around the river has dug a wide channel up to 500 m across, composed mainly of sand banks and pebble banks. The river then forms a boundary for the Macallister Irrigation District, with Nuntin Creek joining 10 km downstream of Stratford contributing a large amount of irrigation drainage to the river.

Considerable demand is placed on the Latrobe and Thomson Rivers for supply of Melbourne's water, industrial use in Australia's largest pulp and paper mill and the power industry in the Latrobe Valley, and for irrigation. The Avon escapes any major impoundment or diversion.

The river was important to the indigenous Gunai/Kurnai people, highlighted by Knob Reserve, 3 km south of Stratford, being part of the Gunai/Kurnai Bataluk Cultural Trail. The trail highlights the places of cultural significance to the first inhabitants across East Gippsland.

Etymology
In the Brataualung language, two names have been recorded for the river, Dooyeedang, with no defined meaning; and Kutbuntaura-wurk, Kurbuntaura referring to a section of the Brataua clan meaning "fire carriers" who lived on the upper Avon River, and wurk, meaning "land" or "country". Kutbuntaura-wurk may therefore be considered a description: 'the land of the Kutbuntaura'.

At one point named the Avoca River by Thomas Mitchell, the river was named the Avon by Angus McMillan in circa 1840.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Avon River (Gippsland, Victoria)


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Paul Peschisolido

Paolo Pasquale Peschisolido (born 25 May 1971), commonly known as Paul Peschisolido, is a Canadian former soccer player and coach. Peschisolido was coach of English League Two club Burton Albion from May 2009 until March 2012.

A forward, Peschisolido began his career in the Canadian Soccer League with the Toronto Blizzard and played in the Major Indoor Soccer League with the Kansas City Comets before moving to England.

Over 16 seasons he scored 118 goals from 447 appearances in the Football League, playing for nine different clubs: Birmingham City, Stoke City, West Bromwich Albion, Fulham, Queens Park Rangers, Sheffield United, Norwich City, Derby County and Luton Town.

Peschisolido represented his country from U-16 level upwards to the senior level spanning from 1986 to 2004, making his senior debut for the Canadian national team in 1992. He went on to play 53 times for Canada, scoring 10 goals, in a 12-year senior international career. On 1 June 2013, he was inducted into the Canadian Soccer Hall of Fame.

Early years
Peschisolido was born in Scarborough, now part of Toronto, Ontario. He began his professional playing career when still a high-schooler with Archbishop Denis O'Connor Catholic High School in Ajax. Peschisolido led the team to OFSAA finals in his last year then moved on as a trainee with the Toronto Blizzard of the Canadian Soccer League, where he was named the "Rookie of the Year" in 1989. He also played the 1990–91 Major Indoor Soccer League season with the Kansas City Comets, being named the league's 'Newcomer of the Year'.

Birmingham City
After spending a year with the Juventus academy, returning homesick saw him offered the opportunity from his former national youth team coach Tony Taylor to join Birmingham City for £25,000 in November 1992. He was joint top scorer in each of his two seasons with the club.

Stoke City
In August 1994, he moved on to Stoke City in a £400,000 plus player exchange deal involving Dave Regis. He was top scorer with 15 goals for the 1994–95 season, and remained at Stoke until March 1996, when he returned to Birmingham until the end of the 1995–96 season, scoring once in nine appearances.

West Bromwich Albion
Peschisolido signed for West Bromwich Albion in a £600,000 deal in July 1996. He made his first appearance for the club in the 3–1 home League Cup defeat to Colchester United on 3 September 1996. Four days later, Peschisolido scored just nine minutes into his Albion league debut, as the Midlands side ran out 2–0 winners at Queens Park Rangers. He was joint top League scorer that season for the club.

Fulham
After 51 appearances and 21 goals for West Brom, he dropped down a division to join Fulham in October 1997, for a £1.1 million transfer fee. He appeared 37 times for 'the Cottagers' in the 1997–98 season, scoring 13 goals and helping the team win promotion as Division Two champions. In the next two seasons, he produced 10 goals from 40 appearances and 7 from 36 appearances in all competitions.

After appearing in two League Cup matches for Fulham in the 2000–01 season, Peschisolido was loaned to Queens Park Rangers in November 2000. He scored on his QPR debut, playing alongside the much taller Peter Crouch in a 1–1 draw against Portsmouth. In January 2001, he went on loan again, this time to Sheffield United, also scoring on his debut for "the Blades", before spending a further loan period at Norwich City.

Sheffield United
He later re-joined Sheffield United in a permanent deal for £250,000, after agreeing to a wage cut. He was a key player in the 2002–03 season, helping the club reach the semi-finals of the 2003 FA Cup and League Cup and the Division One play-off final. In the play-off semi-final against Nottingham Forest, Sheffield United came back from a two-goal deficit to take the game into extra time. Peschisolido came off the substitutes' bench at the midpoint of added time to score the goal that took the lead, which is remembered not just for its impact on the game but also for the player's frantic celebrations afterwards. In the 2003 FA Cup semi-final against Arsenal, he was denied an equalising goal by goalkeeper David Seaman, who made a one-handed "claw-back" save from Peschisolido's header which three-time Best European Goalkeeper Peter Schmeichel later described as "the best stop I’ve ever seen in the flesh".

Derby County
In March 2004, Peschisolido joined Derby County in a swap deal, with Izale McLeod moving to United on loan for the rest of the season. Once again he scored on debut, contributing four goals in his first three appearances, including two against local rivals Nottingham Forest, one of which was gifted to him by goalkeeper Barry Roche, who sliced an attempted clearance after the ball deflected off a plastic coffee cup on the pitch. After Derby avoided relegation in 2004, Peschisolido's "knack for scoring vital goals from the substitutes' bench" helped them reach the playoffs in 2005 and 2007, though he started in the playoff final against West Bromwich Albion at Wembley Stadium, which Derby won 1–0 to earn promotion to the Premier League. Peschisolido was released by the club at the end of that season.

Luton Town
On 16 July 2007 Peschisolido signed for Luton Town on a one-year deal. He played just four league matches and one cup match for Luton, scoring once in the Football League Trophy against Northampton Town, before an ankle problem kept him out of action from September onwards. After the injury failed to respond to injections it was confirmed in December that he would require an operation, ruling him out for the rest of the season. Luton released Peschisolido at the end of the 2007–08 season, following their relegation to League Two. Failing to fully recover from injury, he would subsequently retire and not seek a new club. By this time, he had accumulated 447 Football League appearances and 118 goals over 16 years, predominantly in the second tier of English professional soccer. He also made 76 cup appearances, scoring 22 goals.

International career
Peschisolido played in all of Canada's three games at the 1987 FIFA U-16 World Championship which were held in Canada. He earned seven caps at the U-17 level, six caps at the U-20 level scoring two goals, and 12 caps at the U-23 level scoring five goals.

He made his senior national team debut for Canada on 13 June 1992 in a match against Hong Kong at Varsity Stadium where he scored his first international goal. Peschisolido formed effective striker partnerships for Canada with Alex Bunbury and Carlo Corazzin over their years with the national team. Peschisolido scored the majority of his international goals between 1995 and 1996 at Commonwealth Stadium that included a number of World Cup qualification matches which led to the venue becoming lovingly nicknamed St. Paul's Cathedral amongst the Canadian fans and press. He scored his last international goal on his 50th cap on 13 June 2004 in a World Cup qualification match against Belize, exactly 12 years to the day from his first international goal and first cap. He earned a total of 53 caps from 1992 to 2004, and scored 10 goals making him tied 9th with Tomasz Radzinski in all-time scoring for Canada. He represented Canada in four FIFA World Cup qualification campaigns (1994, 1998, 2002, and 2006) in 26 FIFA World Cup qualification matches He played in the Canadian squad that won the 2000 CONCACAF Gold Cup and played in all of Canada's three games at the 2001 FIFA Confederations Cup. His final international cap was on 4 September 2004 at Commonwealth Stadium in a World Cup qualification match against Honduras.

Coaching career
On 15 January 2009, he was appointed as Jeff Kenna's assistant coach at League of Ireland club St Patrick's Athletic. Both Kenna and Peschisolido registered as players for the 2009 season in case of emergency. On 15 May 2009, he resigned from this post for "personal reasons" with immediate effect.

Three days later, on 18 May 2009, he was appointed head coach of Burton Albion taking over from caretaker coach Roy McFarland, who had taken the club to promotion to League Two after the departure of Nigel Clough. Peschisolido was in charge of Burton for almost three years but was relieved of his duties on 17 March 2012, following a winless run of 14 games.

Personal life
In 1995, Peschisolido married Karren Brady, who was at the time managing director of Birmingham City F.C.. The couple have two children, daughter Sophia and son Paolo. Peschisolido is a cousin of former National Hockey League (NHL) player Mike Ricci.

Club
Source:

International
Source:

International goals

 * Scores and results list Canada's goal tally first.

Managerial statistics
.

Club
Fulham
 * Football League Second Division
 * Winners: 1998-99

Derby County
 * Football League Championship playoff winners: 2006–07

International
Canada
 * CONCACAF Gold Cup:
 * Winners: 2000

Individual

 * Canadian Soccer League Rookie of the Year: 1989
 * Canadian Soccer League All-Star Team: 1990
 * Canadian Soccer League All-Star team: 1992
 * Major Indoor Soccer League Newcomer of the Year: 1991
 * Canadian Player of the Year: 1996
 * Canadian Soccer Hall of Fame: 2013

title: Paul Peschisolido


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Fred Groves (politician)

Frederick Groves (January 28, 1924 in Winnipeg, Manitoba – January 28, 1995) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1958 to 1966.

Groves was educated at Daniel McIntyre College and the University of Manitoba. He worked as a chartered accountant before entering political life. He served as a member of the St. Vital council from 1951 to 1956, and became Chairman of Finance and Deputy Mayor in 1956. He was also provincial secretary of the Progressive Conservative Party of Manitoba during this period.

He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1958 provincial election, defeating his Liberal-Progressive opponent by about 1,300 votes in the Winnipeg area riding of St. Vital. He was returned by comfortable margins in the general elections of 1959 and 1962, and was a backbench supporter of Dufferin Roblin's government throughout his time in the legislature.

On one occasion, Groves voted against the Roblin government on an initiative to grant use of public school facilities and services to separate schools. Although many in the PC caucus opposed this measure, Groves was the only PC MLA to actually vote against it. Some caucus members saw this as disloyalty, and called for him to be expelled; Roblin did not act on this request.

Groves's own community became involved in a school controversy in 1963-64, when six francophone families took their children out of school to protest bus fees for parochial (i.e. Catholic) school students. The matter was settled after three months. During the controversy, Groves declared his opposition to providing "any aid directly or indirectly to parochial schools", and said that he would "defend the rights of the majority". He complained of receiving "vicious, ignorant and crude, anonymous letters" from his opponents on the subject.

Groves died in Winnipeg on his 71st birthday.

title: Fred Groves (politician)


text:
Jill Ovens

Jill Annette Ovens is a New Zealand trade unionist, politician, and anti-transgender rights activist. She is the founder and current National Secretary of the Women's Rights Party.

She was co-leader of the Alliance party before changing her allegiance to the Labour Party, and then later founding and co-leading the Women's Rights Party.

Union leader
Ovens worked as a public relations officers for the State Coal Mines Department for eight months from mid-1986 while the department was transitioning to be the Coal Corporation. Ovens led a group of women in Huntly to deal with the effects of the coal mine worker job cuts. As public relations officer, Ovens ran meetings at the Community Centre where local women organised ways to bring the community together to cope with the loss of 500 jobs. The meetings were also used as a forum to seek answers regarding the huge layoffs which occurred while the Coal Corporation took over State Coal.

Ovens served as the president of the Association of Staff in Tertiary Education (ASTE) and was heavily involved in the Council of Trade Unions (CTU) Women's Council Convenor and attended the ICFTU World Women's Conference as one of two CTU delegates. At the 2003 CTU national conference she called on delegates to push for legislative change to improve work-life balance. Her suggestions for this included moving to a 35-hour working week and legal protections for people in part-time employment.

In 1999, as ASTE national president, Ovens was critical of the decision to merge Wellington Polytechnic into Massey University. Many polytechnic courses were scheduled to be phased out. Ovens led the union to oppose the cuts arguing many of the courses were valuable in training students for qualifications that led to jobs. The ASTE also worked to protect the interests of all staff under the merger so that polytechnic tutors would be retained and have no salary reductions.

The ASTE opposed a plan by Southland Polytechnic for tutors to settle for a bonus scheme rather than salary increases. Polytechnic chief executive Penny Simmonds defended the offer, claiming it to be in the best interests of students and staff. Simmonds argued that the polytechnic was "operating in an area of demographic decline and economic uncertainty" and had to make "long-term decisions to keep student fees low and protect staff jobs." Ovens argued that the deal was unfair to employees and warned that salaries of the polytechnic staff would fall further behind the rest of the sector siding with the staff who rejected the offer outright. A stopwork meeting was organised and Ovens warned that industrial action could follow if the polytech refused to budge. Staff voted to strike after holding a two-hour stopwork meeting. The union pushed for a 2 percent wage rise followed by a similar increase in 2000 rather than the offered one-off bonus of $800 with staggered adjustments to their pay scale next year.

In 2001 the ASTE and 12 polytechnics entered discussions for a multi-employer collective contract. A union ballot at polytechnics found strong support for a collective contract. Ovens was also supportive as many polytechs already had identical or very similar employment contracts and the recently passed Employment Relations Act 2000 had enabled multi-employer agreements.

Ovens opposed an overseas university setting up an English language school at the Upper Hutt campus of the Central Institute of Technology (CIT). After CIT closed in 2001, a short-term lease on a section of the campus was secured by Chosun University. She was particularly critical of the fact that the campus was new and built by Wellington Polytechnic students with local funding but the benefits of the buildings were being given to foreign students to use rather than local students.

In late 2002 she was involved in a pay dispute at Wellington College of Education when industrial action began by lecturers seeking better pay. A month later, after mediation, the lecturers accepted the offer of a 2.5 per cent pay increase.

Since her election to the Service & Food Workers Union Ovens has been occasionally blogging on left wing social media websites and supporting union activities primarily based in Auckland. In December 2014 Ovens helped lead a walkout of food service workers at Auckland City Hospital.

Ovens was co-leader of the Midwifery Employee Representation & Advisory Service (MERAS). After retiring as co-leader, she was the MERAS representative during public service pay adjustment talks in June 2022.

Alliance Party
Ovens was an Alliance candidate in Auckland's Mount Albert electorate in the 1999 and the 2002 elections, both times contesting the seat against Labour leader Helen Clark. On the party list, she was ranked 28th and 12th, respectively. She was a member of the Alliance's council (its governing body) and was involved in a campaign within the party to oppose any New Zealand involvement in the war in Afghanistan. She became critical of party leader Jim Anderton's "presidential" style of leadership. During a fiery debate in November 2001 on Afghanistan at the Alliance party conference Ovens said it "was immediately taken to be a leadership challenge" by Anderton when it was not intended as one. This division led to an open split in the party and Anderton's departure from it. In 2003 she became the editor of a left-wing political studies journal Review of Red & Green: The NZ Journal of Left Alternatives. At the 2004 local-body elections she stood as a candidate for the Auckland Regional Council in the Manukau ward, but was unsuccessful.

Ovens became president of the Alliance party in 2004. She had previously been critical of the party's new leader, Matt McCarten, for his close associations with the Māori Party, with McCarten organising the 2004 Te Tai Hauauru by-election campaign for the Māori Party's Tariana Turia. After the by-election the Māori Party invited McCarten to be their campaign manager at the next general election, which led to speculation that the Alliance and Māori Party would merge. Ovens issued a press statement stating the talks of any merger of the two parties were a 'beat-up.' The Alliance executive committee expressed displeasure at Ovens' statement about the rumors and, after a tense debate, it passed a 'gagging' motion against Ovens, at which point she resigned as party president. Party members in Auckland who were angered by what happened to trigger Ovens' resignation organised a meeting titled 'What's left of the Left' at which they persuaded Ovens to withdraw her resignation. However McCarten thwarted her withdrawal by informing media that she had resigned. In November 2004 McCarten resigned from the Alliance at the national conference. At the same conference Ovens was elected as party president again as well as confirming the intention to stand a party list at the next general election.

For the 2005 election she unsuccessfully contested the Manukau East electorate and was ranked first on the party list, having been elected a co-leader with Paul Piesse. For the 2005 election, the Alliance took an "unashamedly socialist stance" under Piesse and Ovens. In December 2005, Ovens stepped down as co-leader and became the party's president. She was succeeded as co-leader by her husband, Len Richards.

Labour Party
In 2006 she resigned from the Alliance party. After being elected the northern secretary of the Service & Food Workers Union in succession to Darien Fenton, she decided to join the Labour Party as it is affiliated with the Union. She is a former Auckland/Northland regional representative on the Labour Party's Council. At the 2013 Auckland local board elections she was a Labour candidate for the Papakura Local Board, but was unsuccessful. In 2021 Ovens submitted testimony in opposition to the Conversion Practices Prohibition Legislation Bill, a Bill that sought to ban the practice of conversion therapy in New Zealand. At the 2022 Auckland local board elections she stood for the Franklin Local Board in the Waiuku Subdivision as a Labour candidate, but was unsuccessful.

Women's Rights Party
In 2023 Ovens resigned from the Labour Party after feeling "increasingly off-side" with the party line and claiming that women's voices were not being listened to. She then founded the Women's Rights Party. She is the national secretary and co-leader of the party.

During the 2023 New Zealand general election, Ovens was ranked first on the Women's Rights Party's list. The party gained 2,513 votes (0.08%) of the party vote and did not win any seats.

Ovens contested the 2023 Port Waikato by-election representing the Women's Rights Party and placed seventh, receiving 188 votes (1% of votes cast).

Personal life
As of 2015, Ovens lives in Auckland with her partner Len Richards. Sources from 2007 list them as married.

title: Jill Ovens


text:
Kate Snow

Kate Snow (born June 10, 1969) is an American television journalist for NBC News, serving as Senior National Correspondent to various NBC platforms, including Today, NBC Nightly News, Dateline NBC, and MSNBC. Snow also anchors NBC News Daily, and frequently substitutes for the weekday and weekend broadcast. Snow also previously hosted MSNBC Live and anchored the Sunday edition of NBC Nightly News. Before joining NBC News in 2010, she was a co-anchor for the weekend edition of Good Morning America on ABC from 2004 to 2010. Snow had also appeared on its weekday edition and World News as a fill-in anchor and correspondent. She was also a correspondent for the now-canceled NBC newsmagazine Rock Center with Brian Williams.

Early life and education
Snow was born June 10, 1969, in Bangor, Maine, and moved with her family to Burnt Hills, New York, when she was six months old. She is a 1987 graduate of Burnt Hills-Ballston Lake High School. She graduated from Cornell University, and holds a master's in foreign service from Georgetown University.

Career
Snow joined ABC in 2003 as Good Morning America's White House reporter before she was tapped to co-host the morning show's weekend edition. She had previously worked at NPR and NBC Radio, and also worked as a reporter at KOAT-TV in Albuquerque, New Mexico, from 1995 to 1998 and at CNN from 1998 to 2003.

During the 2008 presidential race, Snow was ABC News' correspondent covering Hillary Clinton's presidential campaign, the 2004 Democratic National Convention, and Sarah Palin's campaign for vice president.

Snow joined NBC News in 2010 as correspondent for Dateline NBC and a contributor to other NBC programming. In September 2015, Snow began anchoring the Sunday broadcast of NBC Nightly News. That same month, Snow began hosting a two-hour block on MSNBC Live. One year later, she won a News & Documentary Emmy Awards for her interview of numerous women including Andrea Constand who had accused Bill Cosby of committing sexual assault, which had aired on Dateline NBC. In April 2017, she left her anchoring duties at MSNBC to become a Senior National Correspondent at NBC News, covering various stories for NBC Nightly News, Today and Dateline NBC.

In October 2019, Snow began hosting a true-crime television series titled Relentless, which airs on Oxygen. In September 2022, Snow began co-anchoring a two-hour block of NBC News Daily, alongside Aaron Gilchrist. The first hour of the program assumed the timeslot held by Days of Our Lives (which was moved to the streaming service Peacock) and will simulcast on NBC News Now and Peacock.

On February 18, 2024, Snow announced she will be anchoring her last Nightly News Sunday broadcast on February 25.

Career timeline

 * 1995–1998: KOAT-TV reporter
 * 1998–2003: CNN reporter
 * 2003–2010: ABC News
 * 2003–2004: Good Morning America White House correspondent
 * 2004–2010: Good Morning America Weekend Edition co-anchor
 * 2010–present: NBC News
 * 2010–present: Dateline NBC correspondent
 * 2011–present: Today fill-in anchor and news anchor
 * 2011–2013: Rock Center with Brian Williams correspondent
 * 2013–present: NBC News national correspondent
 * 2015–2017: MSNBC Live anchor
 * 2015–2024: NBC Nightly News Sunday anchor
 * June 2017–July 2017: Sunday Night with Megyn Kelly correspondent
 * September 2022–present: NBC News Daily co-anchor

Personal life
Snow is married to radio presenter Chris Bro. They have two children. Snow spoke on-air about her husband's difficult struggle with COVID-19 during the early months of the COVID pandemic in 2020.

On June 11, 2018, she shared the story of her father-in-law's suicide and the impact it had on her.

Snow is a member of the Department of Communication's advisory council at Cornell University and is on the national board of Big Brothers/Big Sisters of America.

In February 2023, Snow launched a digital EP cover album entitled Kate Snow.

title: Kate Snow


text:
Grande Riviere

Grande Riviere is a village on the north coast of Trinidad located between Toco and Matelot. The area was originally settled by immigrants from Venezuela and Tobago who cultivated cacao and subsistence crops. After falling cocoa prices in the 1920s and expanding pest problems caused the collapse of the cocoa industry, Grande Riviere went into a decline which continued until the development of ecotourism. Between 1931 and 2000 the population of Grande Riviere fell from 718 to 334.

Grande Riviere is one of the more remote settlement in Trinidad and Tobago. It is 60 kilometres from Sangre Grande and 100 km from the capital Port of Spain. It is accessible via a single paved road which runs from Toco to its east and is separated from the rest of the island by the hills of the Northern Range.

History
Grande Riviere was initially settled by immigrants from Venezuela in the 1860s. They planted cacao as a cash crop, together with various subsistence crops. They were joined by immigrants from Tobago only 35 km to the northeast. This was the beginning of the cocoa boom in Trinidad which lasted from 1866 to 1920. Economic life was dominated by the 650 acre Grande Riviere estate, a cocoa plantation which was the major employer in the area. In addition to working as wage labourers on the estate, villagers also grew cocoa on small holdings which was either sold to the estate or to outside buyers.

International cocoa markets suffered with the disruption of shipping associated with World War I, but recovered after the end of the war. A glut in production led to a collapse in the price in 1921. This was followed by the broader economic collapse caused by the Great Depression, and the outbreak of witch's broom. Coupled with higher prices for sugar (the other dominant crop in Trinidad and Tobago) and the rise of the petroleum industry, this led to a long gradual decline in cocoa production. As the cocoa industry collapsed, Grande Riviere went into decline. The population of the village declined from 718 in 1931 to 550 in 1946. The Masonic Lodge and police station were relocated out of the village, the magistrates' court ceased to visit the village, and Grande Riviere estate was sold. The new owner, while maintaining cocoa production, cut staff to a minimum.

This decline continued through most of the remainder of the twentieth century. The economy was dominated by agriculture - cocoa and bananas were grown as cash crops, artisanal fishing and road construction and maintenance work by the government. Subsistence agriculture, hunting and the capture of nesting Leatherback turtles also contributed food and income.

Ecotourism

In 1992, following the success of Nature Seekers in Matura, the Grande Riviere Environmental Awareness Trust (GREAT) was established with the aim of protecting nesting Leatherback turtles on Grande Riviere beach. The following year Italian photographer Piero Guerrini rented the former cocoa estate headquarters and converted it into a 12-room beach front hotel, Mt. Plasir. The hotel was very successful and was eventually joined by three other hotels - Le Grande Almandier hotel, a 10-room hotel, McEachnie’s Haven, a six-room hotel, and Acajou, a 7-room ecological boutique-hotel. In addition, villagers started renting rooms to visitors.

GREAT began training tour guides, but a subsequent split led to the formation of Grande Riviere Nature Tour Guides Association (GRNTGA) which focussed more on tour guides, while the remainder of GREAT focussed on protection of turtle hatchlings. In addition to sea turtles, there is an interest in nature tourism more broadly, including the critically endangered pawi (Trinidad piping-guan, the only bird species endemic to Trinidad).

title: Grande Riviere


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bell jar model lung

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete (blk-cmp error). – ABCD 01:35, 5 May 2005 (UTC)

Bell jar model lung

 * Moved to wikibooks, including illustration that is moved to commons. -- Egil 05:10, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, since it's been transwikied already. Mo0 [ talk ] 06:29, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Transwikification isn't an automatic route to deletion, but this article was one how-to in a related series, which is now a chapter in Constructing school science lab equipment on the How-tos bookshelf. Delete. Uncle G 16:00, 2005 Apr 21 (UTC)
 * Delete, since it's been transwikied already. Master Thief Garrett 21:52, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Dsmdgold 19:57, Apr 25, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: Category:Lottery winners

title: Category:Lottery winners


text:
USS Gary

USS Gary may refer to:

 * USS Gary (DE-61), a destroyer escort, launched in 1943, transferred to the Royal Navy and renamed HMS Duckworth, and scrapped in 1946
 * USS Thomas J. Gary (DE-326), a destroyer escort commissioned in 1943, renamed in 1945 to free up the name for the planned light cruiser and transferred to Tunisia in 1973
 * USS Gary (CL-147), scheduled to be a light cruiser, but canceled prior to construction in 1945
 * USS Gary (FFG-51), a frigate, commissioned in 1984, decommissioned in 2015; subsequently transferred to Taiwan and renamed ROCS Feng Chia

title: USS Gary


text:
Goudey

The Goudey Gum Company was an American chewing gum company started in 1919. The company was founded by Enos Gordon Goudey (1863–1946) of Barrington Passage, Nova Scotia. Formerly an employee of Beemans, he opened a factory in Boston, Massachusetts in 1919 and later in Allston. It operated there from 1924 until it closed in 1962. Goudey sold the business in 1932 but he retained an interest as a consultant. On his retirement in 1933, William Wrigley Jr. dubbed him the "penny gum king of America". Today the Goudey name is mainly associated with its collectible baseball cards which were introduced in 1933. Goudey was the first American company to issue baseball cards with each stick of gum (they had been available with cigarettes and certain lines of candy for many years).

Goudey baseball cards
Most of the unreleased cards, printing plates, and company archives were thrown away in the 1960s, although some were sold to collectors. Today, cards in good condition command a premium, especially those authenticated and graded by respected third-party graders. Hank Greenberg and Lou Gehrig are prominently featured in the Goudey cards of the 1930s, colorful cards with hand drawn portraits of the players. Other baseball hall of fame and interesting players depicted on Goudey gum cards from 1933 to 1941 include: Babe Ruth, Ty Cobb, Jimmie Foxx, Bill Dickey, Carl Hubbell, Lefty Grove, Dizzy Dean, Mickey Cochrane, Charlie Gehringer, Tony Lazzeri, Mel Ott, Joe DiMaggio, Hank Greenberg, "Ducky" Joe Medwick and Moe Berg.

1933 set
In 1933, Goudey produced a 240 card set, also called "Big League Chewing Gum". These cards, issued with bubble gum in each pack, were the first baseball gum cards. The 1933 Goudey set is considered one of the "Big Three" classic baseball card sets, along with the T206 and 1952 Topps sets.

One of the rarest baseball cards from a mainstream set is card #106 from the 1933 Goudey set. It was not originally issued with the set, so collectors could not complete the set from packs. In 1934, Goudey issued card #106 for the 1933 set with retired player Napoleon Lajoie. Collectors that sent letters to the Goudey Gum Company complaining about the lack of a #106 card received it in the mail. The 1933 Goudey #106 Napoleon Lajoie is known as one of the "Big Three" baseball cards along with two cards from the T206 set depicting Honus Wagner and Eddie Plank.

1934 set
In 1934, Goudey produced a 96 card set that was endorsed by two players, Lou Gehrig and Chuck Klein. The 1934 Goudey set is sometimes called the "Lou Gehrig" set. There are no Babe Ruth cards in the set. The Hank Greenberg rookie card is in this set.

1938 set
In 1938, Goudey produced a 48 card set, also known as the "Heads-Up" set. The cards were numbered from 241 to 288, thus looking like Goudey was trying to extend the 1933 Goudey set. The first 24 cards in the set depicts pictures of players heads attached to a cartoonish body in baseball action. The next 24 cards in the set depicts the same players and the same poses. The difference is the next 24 cards include small cartoonish characters playing baseball along with captions. Joe DiMaggio, Jimmie Foxx, Hank Greenberg and Bob Feller are the big stars in this set.

Canadian Goudey
Similar cards as the 1933 and 1934 Goudey sets were also released in Canada by the Goudey-owned World Wide Gum Co, of Granby, Quebec. They are sometimes known as Canadian Goudey sets. There were 94 and 96 cards in these sets, respectively. The 1933 World Wide Gum set was released with two different backs, one with both French and English, and the other with only English. There has not been definitive proof, but one theory is that the French-English backs were sold in Quebec and the English-only backs were sold in Ontario.

List of Goudey baseball card sets
Year of issuance, popular name and designation from The American Card Catalog:

 * 1933 Goudey R319
 * 1933 American R338
 * 1933 World Wide Gum V353
 * 1934 Goudey R320
 * 1934 Goudey Premiums R390-1
 * 1934 World Wide Gum V354
 * 1935 Goudey 4-in-1 R321
 * 1935 Goudey Premiums R390-2
 * 1936 Goudey Wide Pens R314
 * 1936 Goudey R322
 * 1936 World Wide Gum V355
 * 1938 Goudey "Heads-Up" R323
 * 1939 Goudey Premiums R303
 * 1939 World Wide Gum V351
 * 1941 Goudey R324

List of Goudey non-sport sets
Year(s), name, quantity and dimensions:

 * 1933 Boy Scouts (48), 2+1/8 x
 * 1933 Sea Raiders (48), 2+3/8 x
 * 1933 World War Gum (96), 2+7/8 in
 * 1933-40 Indian Gum (216), 2+3/8 x
 * 1934 Big Thrill Booklets (24), 2+5/16 x
 * 1935 Majik Fold Pictures (9), 5+1/2 x
 * 1935 The Goudey Line R.R., 12 x
 * 1936 Auto License Plates (36), 1+1/2 x
 * 1936 History Of Aviation (10), 5+1/2 in square
 * 1937 Auto License Plates (69), 1+1/2 x
 * 1938 Auto License Plates (66), 1+1/2 x
 * 1938-39 Action Gum (96), 2+3/8 x
 * 1939 Auto License Plates (30), 1+1/2 x
 * 1940 First Column Defenders (24), 2+1/2 x
 * 1941 Sky Birds (24), 2+5/16 x
 * 1947-48 Indian Gum (96), 2+3/8 x
 * Jungle Gum (48), 2+3/8 x
 * Our Gang Gum Puzzles (25), 3+11/16 x
 * Rainbow Radio Rascals (6), 4+3/8 x
 * Soldier Boys (24), 2+1/8 x

title: Goudey


text:
Arthur E. Wright

Arthur Edgar Wright (November 8, 1907 – May 19, 1977) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1958 to 1966, originally for the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation and later for its successor party, the New Democratic Party.

The son of Arthur L. Wright and Mary Ruffles, Wright was born and educated in Winnipeg, and worked as a supervisor for the mechanical departure of the Canadian National Railway. In 1931, he married Pearl Rosina Clegg. Wright was chairman of the Public Works department in the city of West Kildonan from 1946 to 1954, and served as its mayor from 1954 to 1958.

He was first elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1958 provincial election, winning an easy victory in the north-end Winnipeg riding of Seven Oaks. He was returned by an equally significant margin the 1959 election, and fended off a more serious challenge from Progressive Conservative candidate Jack Chapman in the election of 1962. He did not run again in 1966.

Wright died in Winnipeg at the age of 69 of cancer.

There are currently Arthur E. Wright schools in California and Winnipeg. The Winnipeg school was named after Wright but the California school, in Las Virgenes Unified School District, was named after its founder, Arthur Edward Wright.

title: Arthur E. Wright


text:
Talk:Genre

Essay With Unsubstantiated Opinions
As of this writing the article has much in it resembling an opinion piece. It is also very clumsy. Though not a complete waste of bandwidth (and it does have good moments) it could really use a solid editing. I got two paragraphs in, lost heart and now feel a little depressed. Gingermint (talk) 04:10, 16 April 2011 (UTC)

 * I started to work on it too. I might come back and do more but if I took out half of the text I'd feel like a bully. BookeWorme (talk) 21:55, 14 December 2023 (UTC)

And, let me just add, essay seems to be the one genre left out of the discussion here. That is, for those of us who believe in four genres: narrative, poetry, theatre and essay.Godofredo29 (talk) 13:44, 15 August 2012 (UTC)

Barrie relevance?
Why exactly does this article include an image of and mention J.M. Barrie if not only to bulk out the amount of images used? What is Barrie's relevance besides his little caption? Can we not go into more detail on this? -- Editor510  drop us a line, mate  01:14, 30 December 2012 (UTC)

Merger proposal
List of genres contains quite good quality material, but it is so much material on such a diverse set of topics, with so much overlap with topic specific articles and lists, that I don't think it is most optimal that all this diverse material is in one list article. Having said that I am not sure how to propose a way forward. An example could be: For now I will put the merger templates on List of genres and Genre. I do not know whether that is sufficient, because my proposal potentially involves multiple pages and I do not know how such procedure should work. This could be found out later in case there is sufficient support for the proposal. LazyStarryNights (talk) 22:19, 12 August 2013 (UTC)
 * 1) List of genres is redirected to Genre.
 * 2) That most of the material in List of genres is merged to various pages. Candidates for example are:
 * 3) *General material > Genre
 * 4) *Literary genres > Main articles: Literary genre and List of literary genres
 * 5) *Film genres > See also Film genre
 * 6) *Television genres > ?
 * 7) *Video game genres > Video game genres
 * 8) *Music genres > Main articles: Music genre and List of music styles

 * Well, #1 doesn't make sense. There are different articles because they are very different. One is a description of what a genre is, and the other is a list of the various genres. Number 2 makes more sense -- as long as it's done right. --Musdan77 (talk) 05:52, 6 September 2013 (UTC)

 * Oppose: I don't think they are overlapping enough to be merged. List of genres lists out different genres, and even the more trivial ones can be legitimately included. Genre is a page describing what genre is. Although examples from the list can be used, it does not facilitate a merger.Forbidden User (talk) 14:10, 28 June 2014 (UTC)

RfC: Merger proposal
There is an inactive merger proposal on merging List of genres to Genre. It involves redirecting "List of genres" to "Genre" and merging of contents in "List of genres" into different sections of "Genre". Opinion appreciated!Forbidden User (talk) 14:42, 28 June 2014 (UTC)

 * Yeah, it's right above. Isn't it inactive because there's not been support for it? ...thus making it not an issue? Am I missing something? --Musdan77 (talk) 02:16, 30 June 2014 (UTC)

 * I don't know. I just wish there are more people talking to increase the consensus level.Forbidden User (talk) 11:45, 30 June 2014 (UTC)

Genre isn't meant to be absolute: it's a handy, malleable tool to use to classify things. It is it's nature to change. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.51.153.238 (talk) 22:16, 22 April 2016 (UTC)

English
The snake chief 105.184.78.192 (talk) 07:30, 7 August 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Digital Writing
— Assignment last updated by It's Pronounced Ree Lack (talk) 18:59, 22 September 2022 (UTC)

 * I think the Wiki Education program is a great thing but in this case it looks like lots of text was added some of which is not really helpful for the average encyclopedia reader who is looking for basic information on a topic. BookeWorme (talk) 22:00, 14 December 2023 (UTC)

Prerecorded media
It seems that nowhere in WP is there discussion of Prerecorded media, and specifically audio media. There is discussion is Cassette tape that indicates the need for such. Since Genre is commonly used to categorize audio and video media, it seems reasonable to start here. Gah4 (talk) 12:36, 18 June 2024 (UTC)

Genre as a home for Torah Tape?
If Genre is "a type of" then Torah Tape is a type of recording on tape, albeit today the content may be bytes on a web site. I accept that Torah Tape will not have its own article. Is this another attempt to, per F.P.Brooks' "tossing the cow over the fence?" Perhaps. Otherwise, would I be guilty of giving up too soon? Don't know. Nuts240 (talk) 22:45, 18 June 2024 (UTC)
 * It is to discuss the possible need for a new article. Prerecorded cassette tapes used to be pretty common, and so maybe they should have an article. I don't know that helps Torah Tape at all. It might be that some Genres should have an article, and I suspect some form of religious genre should exist. That is as close as I know it. Gah4 (talk) 05:13, 19 June 2024 (UTC)
 * They are not really a genre, but a format. Johnbod (talk) 13:07, 19 June 2024 (UTC)
 * That, too. There is some overlap between genre and format, such as Film and television genres. There seems to be Christian media but not all other religious media. Also, to tape is commonly used for recording in non-tape formats. Seems that there should be educational genres and religious genres. Gah4 (talk) 10:17, 20 June 2024 (UTC)
 * They are not really a genre, but a format. Johnbod (talk) 13:07, 19 June 2024 (UTC)
 * That, too. There is some overlap between genre and format, such as Film and television genres. There seems to be Christian media but not all other religious media. Also, to tape is commonly used for recording in non-tape formats. Seems that there should be educational genres and religious genres. Gah4 (talk) 10:17, 20 June 2024 (UTC)
 * That, too. There is some overlap between genre and format, such as Film and television genres. There seems to be Christian media but not all other religious media. Also, to tape is commonly used for recording in non-tape formats. Seems that there should be educational genres and religious genres. Gah4 (talk) 10:17, 20 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Genre


text:
Talk:Mutzagata

The name of the mountain is misspelled: it's Muztagata (or variations thereof), not Mutzagata. So this article really should be deleted. I'm going to take what there is here and put it into the new "Muztagh Ata" page. --Spireguy 21:08, 26 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mutzagata


text:
Mercedes-Benz W120/W121

The Mercedes-Benz W120 and Mercedes-Benz W121 are technically similar inline-four cylinder sedans made by Daimler-Benz. The W120 was first introduced by Mercedes-Benz in 1953. Powered initially by the company's existing 1.8 liter M136 engine, it was sold as the Mercedes-Benz 180 through 1962. From 1954, Mercedes-Benz also offered the W120 with a diesel engine as the Mercedes-Benz 180 D. The Mercedes-Benz W121 was introduced as the Mercedes-Benz 190 in 1956, powered by a 1.9 liter M121 engine. From 1958, the W121 was also offered with an OM621 engine, sold as the Mercedes-Benz 190 D through 1961.

The W120 was nicknamed the Ponton (along with other Mercedes models) after its introduction, because it employed ponton, or pontoon styling, a prominent styling trend that unified a car's previously articulated hood, body, fenders and running boards into a singular envelope.

Together with the longer wheelbase and more luxurious 2.2-liter inline-six cylinder W128 model 220, they constituted 80 percent of Mercedes-Benz' car production between 1953 and 1959.

The W120 was the first predecessor to the medium size Mercedes-Benz E-Class sedan line.

History
The base, four-cylinder 180/190 and the W105 six-cylinder 219 Ponton models looked very similar in appearance, from the rear doors forward, to the more luxury W128 and W180 stretched wheelbase six-cylinder 220a and 220 S(E) models. From behind, one could not easily differentiate even the top-of-the-line 220SE (E for 'Einspritzung', or fuel injection) from a base 180 model, but the longer bonnet (and wheelbase), and chrome touches identified it as an upscale, six-cylinder model.

The 1951 to 1957 Mercedes-Benz 300 W186 Adenauer company flagship used a much larger frame and body, and was an entirely different car.

The 180 and 190 four-cylinders were widely used as German taxis. Only these shorter Pontons featured low-wattage parking clearance lights at front bumper top rear. A simple left-right toggle above and to the left of the driver's knee selected which side would illuminate, so as not to needlessly run down the battery in winter, no small concern when restarting diesels. Heater air intakes were on both sides of the radiator grille only on the W120/W121.

The form and body of the car changed little during its production run. However, in 1957, a year after the introduction of the 190 saloon, the 180's 56 PS M136 engine, which had originally been designed for the Mercedes-Benz 170 Sb, was replaced with a downtuned version of the 190's M 121. The same year, the Mercedes star atop the faux external radiator cap was made spring-loaded to give when bumped: reports at the time indicated that this was either to pander to the requirements of certain export markets, notably Switzerland, or to reduce the risk of pedestrian injury in the event of an accident. By 1959, the star was spring-retained on a ball base.

A related roadster variant, the R121, better known as the 190SL, was produced from 1955 to 1963.

At the 1959 Frankfurt Motor Show, in time for the 1960 US model year, a slightly wider grille and slimmer taillights were introduced. The same wider grille was carried forward to the car's (in other respects) more flamboyantly styled successors, when the Pontons were replaced by the W110 "Fintail" models during 1961.

At the time, Studebaker-Packard had an agreement with Mercedes-Benz to distribute their cars in the US market. A prototype was built based on the W120 with Packard-styled headlights similar to those fitted on the Packard Patrician. This prototype was called the W122 but it never reached the production state; This was likely because the W120 platform that the prototype was based on was reaching the end of its life cycle, while the compact luxury sector was not that developed in the US market yet.

Technical description

The Mercedes-Benz W120 and W121 are four-door saloons with a longitudinal front engine, and rear-wheel drive. Rolling chassis with either two or four doors were also available from the factory. The cars have a self-supporting body, the so-called "Ponton" body. The wheelbase measures 2650 mm, which is slightly less than the larger "Ponton" saloons' 2750 mm. In front, the W 120 and W 121 have independent double-wishbone suspension, in rear, they have either a double-joint swing axle (until September 1955), or a single-joint swing axle (from September 1955). Both front and rear wheels are coil-sprung; the front axle is fitted with a torsion-type anti-sway bar, and the rear wheels have additional hydraulic shock absorbers. Daimler-Benz installed a recirculating ball steering system and a hydraulic drum braking system in the 120- and 121-series.

Mercedes-Benz built the W120 with all of their then-present four-cylinder engines: the M136 and M121 Otto (spark ignition) engines, and the OM636 and OM621 Diesel (compression ignition) engines, with most W120 and W121 cars powered by either of the Diesel engines. The torque is sent from the engine to the rear wheels through a dry single-disc clutch and a synchronised, four-speed constant-mesh gearbox. The shift lever is a rather small lever mounted on the steering column.

title: Mercedes-Benz W120/W121


text:
Allan Peachey

Allan Peachey (18 October 1949 – 6 November 2011) was a New Zealand politician and Member of Parliament for Tamaki.

School principal
Before his election to Parliament, Peachey was employed as the principal of Rangitoto College, the largest secondary school in New Zealand. He had previously been the president of the Secondary Principals Association of New Zealand, and was an outspoken commentator on educational issues. An example of such commentary is his book What's Up with Our Schools?, which was released in 2005.

Member of Parliament
Peachey was selected as a list candidate for the National Party in the 2002 elections, and was viewed by many as one of the party's brighter prospects. His ranking on the party's list (eighteenth, above several sitting MPs) was thought sufficient to guarantee him entry to Parliament, but the National Party's overall performance was poor enough that he narrowly missed out.

Peachey stood for election again in the 2005 elections. He was ranked at thirty on National's party list, but was also selected as the National candidate for Tamaki, traditionally regarded as a safe National seat. This selection caused a certain amount of controversy, as the seat already had a sitting National MP. That MP, Clem Simich, was persuaded to withdraw, and was rewarded with a high list placing and the National Party candidacy in the electorate of Mangere. Peachey won the Tamaki electorate seat, receiving 20,956 votes of a total 36,946. The immediate runner-up in his electorate was Leila Boyle, a Labour Party candidate who received 11,446 votes.

"Knife in Your Back" controversy
Controversy arose when Peachey e-mailed Selwyn College co-principal Carol White declining an invitation to the school's prizegiving stating at the bottom: "Yes, I do have a knife in your back, so be careful." Peachey quickly issued an apology.

Retirement and death
Although Peachey initially planned to seek re-election in the 2011 election, having been renominated for Tāmaki electorate and been ranked 48th on the party list, he subsequently announced his withdrawal "to focus on his treatment and recovery from his recent ill health". He had not previously disclosed the nature or extent of his ill health. His sudden withdrawal shortly before the elections forced the National Party to arrange a new candidate selection process.

Allan Peachey died on 6 November 2011, 20 days before the and what would have been the end of his parliamentary term, after a battle with cancer.

title: Allan Peachey


text:
Mercedes-Benz W110

The 1961 introduced W110 was Mercedes-Benz's standard line of mid-size automobiles for much of the 1960s. As part of Mercedes' unified platform of "Fintail" (Heckflosse) models – first introduced as a six-cylinder Mercedes W111 in 1959 – the W110 followed in April 1961, initially available with either 1.9 L M121 gasoline or 2.0 L OM621 diesel inline-four engines. The W110 was introduced as the 190c and 190Dc sedans, replacing the W120 180c/180Dc and W121 190b/190Db.

The W110 line was refreshed in July 1965 to become the petrol 200 and diesel 200D (model year 1966 for North America). At the same time, the straight-six engined Mercedes W111 model 220 was replaced by a 230. Production of the W110 lasted just three more years, wuntil the W114 '220' and W115 '220D' introduced in 1968.

The Mercedes-Benz W110 and the six-cylinder W111 were the first series of Mercedes cars to be extensively crash tested for occupant safety.

First series (1961–1965)
The 190c and 190Dc replaced the W120 180c/180Dc and W121 190b/190Db as Mercedes-Benz's line of less-expensive four-cylinder sedans. The "D" denoted a Diesel engine, a technology pioneered by Mercedes-Benz and championed despite widespread derision in the motoring press. The body was derived from the W111 series but with a 145 mm shorter nose and round headlights (which gave a front-end appearance more reminiscent of the W120/121 "Ponton" models). The rear end was identical to the W111 220b (the 220b was the base model of the W111 series). The interior layout and dimensions were also identical to the W111 220b, but with fewer options such as fixed-back seats and bakelite trim on the dashboard (as opposed to wood in the W111 models). Because the 190c and 190Dc models were basically a W111 220b with a shorter front, they offered the same interior and luggage space as the W111 series but with smaller and more fuel efficient engines. This made them extremely popular with taxi drivers. Production of the 190Dc exceeded that of the petrol-engined 190c by nearly 100,000 units.

Second series (1965–1968)
The second series of 4-cylinder cars lasted just a few years. Production of the new 200, 200D and 230 models commenced in July, 1965, at the Sindelfingen plant. The 200 and 200D replaced the 190c and 190Dc models respectively. The engine in the 200 had the bore increased from 85 to 87 mm, giving a 1988 cc displacement, and was fitted with twin carburetors (the 190c had a single carburetor). The OM621 diesel engine in the 200D was essentially identical to that of the 190Dc (which was actually a 1988 c.c. unit despite the car being labelled as a '190') but was improved by using a five main bearing crankshaft instead of the original three.

Visually, the second series models had the front indicators relocated from the top of the front fenders to below the headlights. At the rear, the tail lights were squared off and the chrome trim was revised to feature two horizontal trim strips instead of chrome-trimmed tail fins. All models now featured air outlets with chrome trim on the C-pillars (identical to the W111 models). Inside, there were very few changes except all models now featured reclining front seats (excluding the bench seats), which had previously been an option on the 190c and 190Dc. The 230 had a central armrest in the back seat as standard.

Further changes occurred in late 1967, with the beginning of the 1968 model year. 1968 models were equipped with collapsible steering columns to meet American safety regulations. Mirrors, interior door handles, and dashboard switchgear were also changed, matching those on the later W108/114/115 series cars.

All three of the W110 second series cars ended production in January 1968 with the introduction of the W115 220 and 220D.

Estate car
An estate version of the 230S four-cylinder-engined car was introduced in 1965 and achieved modest success in certain markets including Germany, Belgium and the UK. The car was actually the result of a conversion carried out by the Mechelen based company Société Anonyme pour l'Importation de Moteurs et d'Automobiles (IMA) which was already assembling saloon version of the cars from CKD kits and which was also the Belgian Mercedes-Benz importer. With the reduction in tariffs that followed the development of the EEC, small-scale assembly of this kind within the EEC but outside Germany no longer made sense, and assembly of the Mercedes-Benz cars at Mechelen stopped in 1973, by which time the plant had assembled 78,568 four-cylinder Mercedes-Benz cars based on the W111 and its successor model.

title: Mercedes-Benz W110


text:
Wikipedia:Google first-page results

Some Google search queries put Wikipedia articles in the first page (last updated 8 September 2005):

 * Buckethead -
 * Coconut crab -
 * George W. Bush -
 * Helium -
 * Hurricane Katrina -
 * Jimmy Wales -
 * John Kerry -
 * MediaWiki -
 * Neon Genesis Evangelion -
 * Oxyrhynchus -
 * Peter Falk -
 * Pope -
 * Pope Benedict XVI -
 * QVC -
 * Snorri Sturluson -
 * Rush Limbaugh -
 * Submarine -
 * Terri Schiavo -
 * Wiki -
 * World War I -
 * World War II -

title: Wikipedia:Google first-page results


text:
File:Meshuggah-Nothing.jpg

Fair use rationale in Nothing (Meshuggah album)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It is a low resolution copy of a CD album cover.
 * 2) It does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD album in any way.
 * 3) Copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) The image on the cover illustrates the text in the article about the artist and album, and does not serve a merely decorative purpose. Strangerer (Talk) 01:02, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

title: File:Meshuggah-Nothing.jpg


text:
Peter J. McDonald

Peter J. McDonald (July 16, 1912, in Cartwright, Manitoba – May 4, 1971, in Victoria B.C. ) was a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1962 to 1966.

McDonald was educated at Holmfield, Manitoba and worked as an International Harvester dealer and farmer, also raising purebred Hereford cattle. He served as vice-president of the Industrial Development Board of Killarney, was a councillor in that town from 1954 to 1958, and served as its mayor from 1959 to 1963.

He was elected to the Manitoba legislature in the 1962 provincial election, defeating incumbent Liberal Edward Dow by 1,015 votes in the constituency of Turtle Mountain. He served as a backbench supporter of Dufferin Roblin's government during his time in the legislature. In the 1966 election, he lost to Dow by only five votes. He did not seek a return to the legislature after this time.

McDonald moved to Victoria, British Columbia around 1967 and died there a few years later.

title: Peter J. McDonald


text:
Nothing (Meshuggah album)

Nothing is the fourth studio album by Swedish extreme metal band Meshuggah, originally released in 2002. The album entered the Billboard 200 chart at number 165, slightly higher than the band's following effort, Catch Thirtythree.

A last-minute decision to join 2002's Ozzfest tour forced the band to mix the album in two days and to master it in one. As a result, the album had its guitars and drums re-recorded for a remastered re-release in 2006.

Musical style
The songs on this album consist of slower tempos and a heavy focus on groove instead of the thrash metal style of previous albums. Jazz fusion elements such as the interludes found in some songs on the band's Destroy Erase Improve album are still present in this release.

This is also the first album on which guitarists Fredrik Thordendal and Mårten Hagström experimented with 8-string guitars by re-recording the guitar tracks, replacing the original performances made using detuned 7-string guitars, due in part to their custom Nevborn guitars not being ready.

Release and reception
The track "Rational Gaze" was promoted with three music videos. The first was a repetitive black-and-white sequence of pictures, and did not have much connection with the song structure; the second version, directed by Torbjörn Oyesvold, featured a blue-greenish environment with the band performing, heavy post-processed by blurry video filters; the third version, entitled "Mr. Kidman Delirium Version", was not an official video, but rather a handicam of Jens Kidman performing as his bandmates, with the help of different wigs. In January 2018, Loudwire named Nothing their favorite djent album.

Nothing has sold over 95,000 copies in the US.

Re-release
A re-recorded and remastered version of the album was released on 31 October 2006. The new version features new rhythm guitar tracks re-recorded with 8-string guitars. The drums were also re-recorded by using the original drum hits as triggers for new audio produced with virtual drum software. The vocals were not re-recorded, but were given effects processing.

There are two songs significantly modified from their original version. These include the tempo of "Nebulous" which was lowered, and the track length of "Obsidian" was nearly doubled with the ending fadeout removed.

The re-release also includes a DVD containing music videos and their Download Festival performance in 2005, as well as modified cover art.

Track listing
Original 2002 Release:

2006 Remastered Edition:

Personnel

 * Jens Kidman − vocals
 * Fredrik Thordendal − lead guitar, bass, rhythm guitar on the 2006 re-release
 * Mårten Hagström − rhythm guitar, bass
 * Tomas Haake − drums, spoken vocals (4, 8, 9), artwork

title: Nothing (Meshuggah album)