text:
User talk:Roberturmston

Welcome!

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Happy editing! Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 18:23, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Blackpool_Tower.JPG
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Orphaned fair use image (Image:Trafford MBC.jpg)
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Orphaned non-free media (Image:Dave Ward.ogg)
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:The Sound of Magic 1999.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:The Sound of Magic Love 1999.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:The Sound of Magic Vol 2 2000.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:The Sound of Magic 1999.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:The Sound of Magic Love 1999.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:The Sound of Magic Vol 2 2000.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic Decades 80s 90s 00s 2007.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic Summer 2006.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic The Album 2005.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic Vol 2 2001.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic summer Feeling 2003.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic the Album 2007.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Mellow Magic 2007.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic Decades 80s 90s 00s 2007.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic Summer 2006.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic The Album 2005.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic Vol 2 2001.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic summer Feeling 2003.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic Decades 80s 90s 00s 2007.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Magic summer Feeling 2003.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Mellow Magic 2007.jpg
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Disputed fair use rationale for Image:The Sound of Magic 1999.jpg
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If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you. 1 != 2 16:20, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:The Sound of Magic Vol 2 2000.jpg
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Image copyright problem with Image:Piccadilly Radio.JPG
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Orphaned non-free media (Image:Magic 1152 manchester.gif)
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Orphaned non-free image File:Piccadilly Radio.JPG
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title: User talk:Roberturmston


text:
Category talk:Sailboat types

CFD Discussion
Propose deleting this category because it misuses the English language. This is a related to the Category:Sailboat Names proposed for deletion on 26 March. The reason is that sailboats, in normal usage, are the generally smaller vessels used in sports and personal use. Yet the introduction of this category (almost identical to that of "Sailboat Names") says (paragraphs run together) that "Category Sailboat types captures the the type name or class name of all types/classes of boat whose primary means of propulsion is by sails. e.g Dinghies, Warships, Merchant Ships, Racing Yachts, Skiffs, Windsurfers, Exploration Ships, Clippers etc etc.  This Category does not capture the names of specific sailing yachts/boats/ships etc whos names are gathered in the Sailboat Names category." This is just plain wrong. Let each member of this category proposed for deletion be placed in Category:Sailing ships or Category:Sailboats or some other category which is appropriate. Each might have to be reviewed. Gene Nygaard 12:37, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * This category was listed for deletion on March 28, 2005. Consensus was to rename but no clear decision reached on a new name so marked Unresolved. The following discussion from CFD is now closed and should not be modified.

 * Rather than deleting it, let's rename it to something that matches its purpose and includes both boats and ships. "Category:Types of sailing vessel", perhaps? Bryan 23:01, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree with Bryan. Rename to "Category:Types of sailing vessel" or "Category:Sailing vessel types". -Willmcw 22:00, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Rename to Category:Sailing vessel types. RedWolf 06:12, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * This issue needs to be looked at again, it has not been resolved since 2005. I propose a simpler name like "Category:Sailing Vessels". Dirkbike (talk) 02:42, 18 July 2008 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category talk:Sailboat types


text: User talk:69.228.6.215

title: User talk:69.228.6.215


text:
California Botanic Garden

The California Botanic Garden (formerly the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden) is a botanical garden in Claremont, California, in the United States, just south of the San Gabriel foothills. The garden, at 86 acre, is the largest botanic garden in the state dedicated to California native plants. It contains some 70,000 native Californian plants, representing 2,000 native species, hybrids and cultivars. The seed bank has embryos for the thousands of rare plants.

The garden has an active research department, specializing in systematic botany and floristics. The herbarium of Pomona College, housed at the garden, was transferred from the college in 1996. It holds over 1,200,000 specimens. The journal Aliso is published by the organization semiannually. The garden offers graduate degrees in botany through Claremont Graduate University.

The garden originated in 1927 when Susanna Bixby Bryant established a native garden on her rancho in Orange County. The garden relocated to Claremont in 1951. The facility, run by a non-profit organization, was open to the public with free admission for 58 years; in 2009 an admission fee was implemented. In 2019, the garden was renamed "California Botanic Garden" to better represent the contents of its collections.

title: California Botanic Garden


text:
Ajka

Ajka is a city in Hungary with about 35,000 inhabitants. It is situated in the hills of Bakony.

History
Around 1000 BCE, the area was inhabited by Celts. By the second century CE, the territory was conquered by the Romans. The Hungarians occupied the area in the early 10th century.

The village Ajka was named after the Ajka clan, which, in turn, got its name after its ancestor, a knight named Heiko, who was a member of the retinue of Gisela, Princess of Bavaria, wife of King St. Stephen in the early 11th century. The village itself was first mentioned in 1214, when it was already about 100 years old.

The village slowly developed during the next few centuries. Real prosperity came only in the second half of the 19th century, when coal resources were found nearby. In the 1930s, vast bauxite resources were found, too. In 1937, the world's first krypton factory was built near Ajka.

During the industrialization wave of the Socialist Communist era, Ajka was a natural choice to build a new industrial town. The new town – like several other industrial cities and towns – came into existence with the unification of several villages. Today's Ajka was created on January 1, 1960, by the unification of four villages (Ajka, Bódé, Tósok, and Tósokberénd). In the following decades, four additional villages (Csékút, Bakonygyepes, Padragkút, and Ajkarendek) were annexed to the town. At the time of the unification, Ajka had 15,375 residents. Many workers came to Ajka to find new jobs and homes there. Most of the population is working class.

At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, Jews lived in the village. In 1840, 93 Jews lived in the village and there was a Jewish cemetery there. Some of them were murdered in the Holocaust.

In 2010 the Ajkaceratops was named in honor of the town, where it was discovered.

Main sights

 * Roman Catholic Church of Tósokberénd (late baroque, 1807–1808)
 * Roman Catholic Church of Ajka (late baroque, 1788)
 * Reformed Church of Ajka (late baroque, 1783)
 * Evangelical Church of Ajka (late baroque, 1786–89)
 * House of the Steward (manor house, 18-19th centuries)
 * Museum of Mining (industrial heritage site)
 * Crystal Glass Factory

Ajka alumina plant accident
A flood of bauxite tailings occurred in 2010, releasing 600000 to 700000 m3 of red caustic toxic industrial sludge, which affected some 40 km2; 10 people were killed and 150 were injured.

Twin towns – sister cities
Ajka is twinned with:
 * 🇷🇴 Cristuru Secuiesc, Romania
 * 🇨🇳 Donghai County, China
 * 🇫🇮 Rovaniemi, Finland
 * 🇩🇪 Unna, Germany
 * 🇦🇹 Weiz, Austria

Sport

 * FC Ajka, association football club

title: Ajka


text:
Yablochkov (crater)

Yablochkov is a ruined lunar impact crater that is located on the northern hemisphere of the Moon's far side. It lies almost due south of the large walled plain Schwarzschild.

Both the rim and interior of this feature have been heavily damaged by subsequent impacts, leaving a formation that is little more than a rugged depression in the surface. The most notable of the overlying impacts is Yablochkov U across the northwest rim. Smaller impacts lie across the northern and southern rim. There is a crater-like depression along the southeast inner wall and the floor is marked by several small craterlets.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Yablochkov.

title: Yablochkov (crater)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Edward Rice

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Postdlf 22:48, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

Edward Rice
Article doesn't indicate notability. Thue | talk 18:28, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete total nonsense vanity article. --Randolph 18:33, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Wait and see I have heard of this Edward Rice and I have added some data based on what information I could dig up. This may have started as a "nonsense vanity article" but it may develop into something more. Every article on Wikipedia starts off small; it is prudent to consider that even narcissistic entries could be the foundation for real articles that add to Wikipedia's completeness. Kiroshi 18:53, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Wait and see It is hard to tell. According to the article he seems like a developer.
 * Above unsigned comment by 69.142.214.108 --Randolph 19:25, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment at least remove the claim that compare his programming talents to Ben Stiller and Sun Tzu. That was the state of the article when I first saw it. --Randolph 19:31, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Linux has how many developers? Unless someone can actually provide concrete evidence of notability rather than ludicrous claims, this is not justifiable as an article. Average Earthman 19:53, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nn, nonsense. RickK 20:42, Apr 17, 2005 (UTC)
 * It has been said of Rice that he is of great potential. It has been said of him that he has the markings of the legendary Linux coders, such as Linus Torvalds, Sun Tzu and Ben Stiller. (The aforementioned data is disputed.)
 * Unless someone can show me some part of the kernel which mears a resemblence to Art of War, this looks like nonsense or a possible hoax. Either way, the PICOW of Gaim might merit an article, random contributors do not.  At least, not this random, anyway. Chris talk back 21:06, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I find no evidence of natability. The only thing I found about him was this and the official JGrader site. He hasn't done anything notable yet as far as I could see. Jeltz  talk  21:13, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Wait and see This article is only a stub. Leave it and see what happens. More information about him will be contributed sooner or later.--68.48.178.199 23:59, 17 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Unless verifiable evidence is available now that he is notable enough for an encyclopedia article, our community rules say that the article must be deleted. If he becomes famous later, we can always write the article then.  However, this would be acceptable on a user page if the author wants to move it there.  Rossami (talk) 02:24, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Wait and delete. Also, kill the socks. Radiant_* 14:21, Apr 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Do not wait and Delete now this sock-supported vanity. Vlad M V  ٭ talk 17:47, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. As Rossami suggested, this could be "userfied" (move to the user's personal Wikipedia page). The three references provided are to a personal website, a web page describing him and several of his acquaintances, and a Sourceforge site which says "Sorry, but we currently have no downloads. A file release should be out in some time. We have not set a date, however." Dpbsmith (talk) 19:58, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Lord Lieutenant of Mid Glamorgan

This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Mid Glamorgan. Before the division of the county on 1 April 1974, the Monarch was represented by the Lord Lieutenant of Glamorgan.
 * Sir Cennydd George Traherne, † 1 April 1974 – 1985
 * Lieutenant of Mid Glamorgan Henry Lougher Knight 1 April 1974 – ?
 * Douglas George Badham 16 December 1985 – 1989
 * Murray Adams McLaggan 5 March 1990 – 23 December 2002
 * Dame Kathrin Elizabeth Thomas 23 December 2003 – 2019
 * Peter Vaughan 17 April 2019 – present

† Also Lord Lieutenant of South Glamorgan and West Glamorgan. Each of the three Counties had a separate Lieutenant serving under the joint Lord Lieutenancy. Three separate Lord Lieutenants were appointed on his retirement.

title: Lord Lieutenant of Mid Glamorgan


text: Category:Starhemberg

title: Category:Starhemberg


text:
Let's Go Bowling

Let's Go Bowling is an American third wave ska band hailing from Fresno, California. Since the band's inception in the year 1986, the band's traditional ska style, barbershop harmonies, wisely crafted instrumentals, and its frantic live performances, helped set the standard for dress and culture for West Coast Ska, which in turn, set the groundwork for the Third Wave Movement in 1995.

Let's Go Bowling has shared the stage with many diverse musical acts, including No Doubt, Pearl Jam, Goo Goo Dolls, Men at Work, The English Beat, Steel Pulse, Busta Rhymes, The Skatalites, Reel Big Fish, Reverend Horton Heat, Fishbone, The Untouchables, Cherry Poppin' Daddies, Tokyo Ska Paradise Orchestra, Moe., the Young Dubliners, and Shaggy.

Early history 1986 - 1992
It is hard to pinpoint exactly which was the first of the Third Wave Bands to come about in the mid '80s. The clash between who were the "First" remains a topic of controversy to this day, but no one can deny that the roots of US Ska were deep on the West Coast. One such band, Fresno/Kingsburg's Kyber Rifles, was founded by Mark Michel, who on bass, were playing shows and recording EPs as early as 1983. (Norwood Fisher credited Mark as being an influence on his playing in the 1980s.) The Rifles' sound would become instrumental in bridging the gap between LGB's original line-up: guitarist David Molina, keyboardist Darren Fletcher, drummer Jerry Mora, trombonist Mark Berry, alto/tenor saxophonist Martin Stuart, trumpeter Pete Nicholson, toaster Javier Molina, and Michel on bass. Soon, Mora and Nicholson departed, making way for future frontman/trombonist David Wiens, tenor saxophonist Dean Olmstead, drummer Jason Ellam, and Jason Boyte on trumpet. This was the nucleus of the Music To Bowl By era of Let's Go Bowling.

Music To Bowl By was recorded for Moon Ska Records in the winter of '89 - winter of '90. This captured the band at its pioneering stage, with emphasis on style and songwriting, unheard of in its current central valley contemporaries. (Fresno is home to some of the most influential Ska outfits of the later century, including Let's Go Bowling, as well as Kyber Rifles, Checkmate, and Los Hooligans). The band blended three-part vocals, infused with a Latin vibe inherent in its frontman/vocalist David Molina, and a pinch of Warner Bros. zaniness. David Weins acted as the MC - as the boisterous trombone playing ruffian. "Music To Bowl By" is considered to be a Classic in all ska circles and a credit to the genre.

LGB, in support of their album, pressed for then-new label Moon Ska in NY, went out to tour, in support of their record, with labelmates that included The Toasters, Hepcat, Dance Hall Crashers, and the Slackers. Let's Go Bowling got the call to be the opening act for Bad Manners in 1991, which led to them being "the" chosen US opening band by all the original Two Tone acts, including The Specials, and The Selecter. After such success, the band disbanded briefly for a period of time, as members went their separate ways, to pursue other career avenues, leaving the band defunct for 10 months in '92 - '93.

Mr Twist era 1993 - 1997
Mr. Twist was recorded the Summer '95 in Fresno, CA. The band went back to their old catalog, with songs like "Hot Buttered" "Mayhem," and the single "Spy Market," finding new life with a new line-up. The new line-up included drummer Adam Lee (who, with Fletcher in 1994, was briefly a part of Toronto's ska masters, King Apparatus), trumpeter Patrick Bush (a heavy influence on the new LGB sound), M. Rey DeLeon (trombonist prodigy, at the age of 18), Gilbert Lopez on the tenor saxophone, rounding-out the horn section & giving weight to the low end Erik Dvorak playing baritone sax, and guitarist Chris Ridge. This also was the proper introduction of Paul Miskulin, who had replaced David Molina, and now had a forum to contribute his Soul-heavy, blues rhythm guitar to the already potent mix. This line-up of the band would enjoy the most critical success of the band's career in the Third Wave Explosion of 1996.

On the eve of the release of their second studio album in almost 5 years, LGB was dealt a tragic blow when news that original guitarist, David Molina, had passed. The band, which included Javier Molina, David's brother, were about embark on a 6-week independent tour of the US.

By the end of the tour and LGB's arrival to its home turf of Fresno, CA, No Doubt's single, "Just A Girl" was breaking the radio airwaves for the first time. Things started to happen fast, and the new band had to act quickly, recruiting a lead guitarist, Lincoln Barr, formerly of the Santa Rosa Ska outfit The Conspiracy. Barr added a much needed edge in the guitar department.

In the summer of 1996, LGB released the single "Spy Market", which the video for was in heavy rotation on the new rock affiliate, MTV2, and was prominently featured on a special for MTV's 120 minutes, entitled "The Third Wave". Along with the Toasters, Let's Go Bowling was then dubbed, on national television, one of the flagship bands of the genre. The energy at the shows, from the audience and the band itself, was at an all-time high.

The band was touring the US as a headliner, whose national prominence had given them greater control over their live shows and opening acts. Ska was exploding in the West where Sublime and No Doubt had become KROQ-FM darlings. The OC, home to Reel Big Fish, Save Ferris, and The Aquabats (with the then unknown Travis Barker on Drums). Let's Go Bowling was the original West Coast ska band, and enjoyed the laurels bestowed upon them by these bands, who had cited Let's Go Bowling as an influence in interviews, and also in record releases (No Doubt thanked LGB in the liner notes of "Tragic Kingdom").

LGB, whose tourmates included The Specials, Bad Manners, and The Selecter, recruited ska/swing auters Cherry Poppin' Daddies and Reel Big Fish for a tour of the US in 1997. It was at this time, that the Ska explosion had opened the door for the Swing Scene, which included the Daddies, who recruited M. Rey DeLeon as a touring Trombonist, and Tom Mattot, who was the LGB soundman since '93, and an Oregon native, as their Front of House Soundman.

Freeway Lanes era 1997 - 1998
With things really going on, Let's Go Bowling released a live record for Asian Man Records (Mike Park's Skankin' Pickle label) entitled Freeway Lanes. This captured the band at its most innovative, with the band performing freely, and capturing golden moments of interaction between the band, and its beloved scene. It is at this time that the band started to become more free form, and detached with the rigidness of its structure, and would routinely stretch out its Skatalite covers into 15 minute episodic affairs. M.Rey's solos over "Man In The Street" and "The Reburial of Marcus Garvey" were highly innovative in its use of delay to create a ricochet of brass, inspired by Dub music. These solos would extend, and lend themselves to Gilbert Lopez's Tenor Saxophone innuendoes, forming huge, parallel, harmonic ideas, completely improvised, and helped break down the barriers of what could be done within a previously stale, formulatic ska medium. Freeway Lanes includes tributes to LGBs predecessors The Untouchables "Live and Let Dance" and The Equators' "More Than A Person". The album also contains a composition by 20 year old M. Rey DeLeon, entitled "Sock Monkey March", a blistering and ominous march, intended to be a send up of old Esquivel compositions, and an ode to their then manager, Richard "Cord" Burk, who some say resembles a sock monkey in flight.

LGB toured in support of their live record as part of The Spirit of Unity tour, sponsored by Teva. Tourmates included Steel Pulse, Ghetto Youth (the Marley kids), Buju Banton, Beres Hammond, Third World, Lucky Dube and Shaggy.

In 1998, Let's Go Bowling was the support act for 3 major tours including The Reverend Horton Heat, The Wailing Souls and for the reunion tour of Men at Work, playing to packed houses all around the U.S. In August 1998, Lincoln Barr left the band to pursue other efforts closer to home. LGB recruited Fresno-based guitarist/singer Glen Parrish to carry on with the lead guitar/vocal duties.

Stay Tuned era 1999 - 2001
Starting in January 1999, after three years of constant and successful touring across America, Let's Go Bowling took a year off the road to record a studio album for its new label Liberation Records. Under imminent pressure to release a follow-up to "Mr Twist" and amidst the great success of their "ska" contemporaries, the band recruited music producer Stoker and, for the first time, turned the artistic reins over to a music pro looking for the commercial success that had eluded the band. Stoker (drummer for Dexys Midnight Runners & General Public, and producer for Hepcat and Ice Cube) took 23 of the band's tour tested new songs and whittled an adventurous 13-song "pop" album called, "Stay Tuned". This album contained diverse contributions from the entire band: Adam Lee providing a healthy dose of new punk infused material "Metal Fingers" "Identity Crises", Patrick Bush lending his Dub sensibilities to the mix "Solar Shock" "Electric Bread", the "radio" pop stylings of Glen Parrish "Fallen Angel" "She's Killing You", and the gritty soul of Paul Miskulin "The Middle" "Saving Sorries". Not to forget Darren Fletcher's classic "Bone Dry", which is considered one of the best tunes the band has ever recorded. But due to polar artistic choices and divergent influences, "Stay Tuned" was far different than the previous two studio efforts, confusing many at the time, and within that confusion, Stay Tuned was released in spring of 2000. The album was met with mixed reviews, and faced harsh criticism from their original "True Tone" fan base. M. Rey DeLeon left the band to pursue his music career in L.A. With new trombonist Rob Ruffner in tow, the band played one one-month tour in support of the album before calling it quits as a touring group.

Current status
The band still occasionally plays their famous brand of ska for adoring fans across California. LGB still has original members Darren Fletcher(keys/vocals) and Mark Michel(bass/vocals), as well as long-time members Adam Lee (drums), Dean Olmstead (sax), Paul Miskulin (guitar/vocals/harmonica), Glen Parrish (lead guitar/vocals), Robert Ruffner (trombone) and the latest addition of Los Hooligans founder Tony Luna (trumpet).

Band members
Founding members
 * Mark Berry - trombone (1986–1991, 2008)
 * Darren Fletcher - keyboards, vocals (1986–present)
 * Mark Michel - bass guitar, vocals (1986–present)
 * David Molina - lead guitar (1986–1992) RIP 8/15/69 - 12/28/95
 * Javier Molina - toasting, antics (1986–1988, 1996)
 * Jerry Mora - drums (1986–1988)
 * Pete Nicholson - trumpet (1986–1987)
 * Martin Stuart - alto sax (1986–1991)

Current members

 * Darren Fletcher - hammond organ, keyboards, vocals
 * Adam Lee - drums (1991–present)
 * Mark Michel - bass guitar, vocals
 * Paul Miskulin - guitar, harmonica, vocals (1993–present)
 * Dean Olmstead - tenor sax (1988–1992, 1998–present)
 * Glen Parrish - guitar, vocals (1998–present)
 * Robert Ruffner - trombone (1998–present)
 * Tony Luna - trumpet (2012–present)

Previous members
 * David Wiens - trombone (1987–1994)
 * Wallace Harvey - keyboards (1986)
 * Dan Dorval - trumpet (1987–1988)
 * Geoff Belau - trombone (1987–1988)
 * Jason Boyte - trumpet (1988–1992)
 * Jason Ellam - drums (1988–1992)
 * Scott Abels - drums (1992)
 * Gilbert Lopez - tenor sax (1993–1998)
 * Patrick Bush - trumpet, vocals (1993–2012)
 * Roman Bellick - bowlingball (2008) Rip
 * Erik Dvorak - baritone sax (1993–2000)
 * M. Rey DeLeon - trombone (1995–2000)
 * Chris Ridge - lead guitar (1995–1996) RIP 3/22/71 - 6/9/08
 * Lincoln Barr - lead guitar (1996–1998)
 * Adam Theis - trombone (1998)
 * Dakota Iyall - sax (1998)

Discography
 Albums
 * Let's Go Bowling (9-song cassette, 1988)
 * Music To Bowl By (CD & cassette, 1991)
 * "...Does The Spiral LIVE!" (cassette, 1995)
 * Mr. Twist (CD, 1996)
 * Freeway Lanes (CD & 12" vinyl, 1998)
 * Stay Tuned (CD, 1999)

 Singles
 * Rude 69 / Dance Some More (7", Single) 	Spare Records 	1988
 * You Take Me / Uncomfortable Sidekick (7", Single, Ltd, Cle) 	Moon Ska 	1996

 Compilations
 * "Bitch" Various - Ska Face: An All American Ska Compilation  (LP, Comp) Moon Records 1988
 * "Let's Go Bowling" Various - Mashin' Up The Nation Best Of U.S. Ska Vol. 1 (LP, Comp) Harvard Square Records 	1988
 * "Bitch" Various - Ska-Ville USA Vol. 3  (LP, Comp)  Ska Records 	1988
 * "Pinstripe Suit" Various - California Ska-Quake  (CD, Comp)  Moon Ska 	1992
 * "Esta Noche" Various - United Colors Of Ska  (CD, Comp)	Pork Pie 	1993
 * "Hare Tonic" Various - Max The Dog Says...Do The Ska!  (CD, Comp)  Dojo 	1993
 * "Badminton On A Rope" (The Ska Parade Theme Song) Various - Step On It: The Best Of The Ska Parade Radio Show (CD, Comp)	A To Y Productions 	1994
 * "Let's Go Bowling" Various - Mashin' Up The Nation • The Best Of American Ska Volumes I And II (3 versions)  DVS Media 	1995
 * "Mr. Twist" Various - Keep The Pressure On (CD, Comp)	Kingpin Records  	1996
 * "Oatmeal For Christmas" Various - SKAuthentic  (CD, Comp)	Steady Beat Recordings 	1996
 * "Days All The Same" & "The Cup Rub" Various - This Are Moon Ska  (CD, Smplr, Promo, Comp)	Moon Ska 	1996
 * "Spy Market" Various - Ska Sucks  ◄ (2 versions)	Liberation Records  	1998
 * "You Take Me" (Live) Various - Mashin' Up The Nation Best Of American Ska Vols. III & IV Ten Years After  (CD, Comp)	DVS Media 	1998
 * "Spy Market" Various - Moon Ska, New York, USA  (CD, Comp)	Moon Ska Europe 	1998
 * "More Than A Person" Various - The Ska Parade: Runnin' Naked Thru The Cornfield  (CD, Comp)  A To Y Productions 	1998
 * "Oatmeal For X-mas" Various - Mailorder Is Fun!  (CD, Comp)	Asian Man Records 	1998
 * "Esta Noche" Various - United Colors Of Ska Volume 1-3  (4xLP, Comp)  Pork Pie 	2000
 * "Spaced Man!" Various - Still Standing - A North American Ska Uprising (4xCD, Comp) Jump Up! Records, Megalith Records 	2003

title: Let's Go Bowling


text:
Coton de Tulear

The Coton de Tuléar is a breed of small dog named for the city of Tuléar (also known as Toliara) in Madagascar. This breed is thought to have originated from a group of small white dogs that swam across the Malagasy channel following a shipwreck. Known for its cotton-like coat, the Coton de Tuléar typically grows to no more than 18 lb, and are white, sometimes with grey, tan, black, or tri-colored markings. The Coton de Tuléar Day is celebrated on November 26.

Appearance
Multiple registries with differing standards describe the Coton de Tuléar, but it generally has very soft voluptuous hair (as opposed to fur), comparable to a cotton ball (hence its name in French, coton meaning cotton), a prominent black nose, large expressive eyes (usually covered by bangs), and somewhat short legs. The Coton de Tuléar's tail should curl over its back.

Coat and color
The Coton de Tuléar has a medium-to-long, fluffy, cotton-like coat that is considered hair rather than fur. It is a non-shedding breed with low dander and is considered hypoallergenic. When it is a puppy, it may shed its puppy coat. Like the poodles, Maltese or the Havanese, this breed has very low allergic effects. Matted hair is common for this breed and should be removed through daily brushing and combing. Grooming the Coton de Tuléar can be quite a challenge.

The Coton de Tuléar comes in three accepted colors: white (sometimes with tan markings; all white is preferred by show breeders); black and white; and tricolor. However, the tan and white may become all white, the blacks will often fade to grey or white, and fur will most likely change throughout puppyhood. The breed even has a fade gene that causes the colors, which are very dark when a puppy, to fade and turn white at the base of the hair as it lengthens; that is why the Champagne or Champagne Teddy Bear Coton eventually turns white when the adult hair comes in.) The Fédération Cynologique Internationale standard specifies that the Coton's coat should be white but may also have tan or "lemon" color on their ears and body. The coat, however, must be primarily white with no black hair. The US-based Coton de Tuléar Club of America allows for three different but equally favorable colorings: white, black-and-white, and tri-color, including "honey bear". White is described as nearly all white, sometimes with tan or champagne coloring on the ears, face, or back. Black-and-white is defined as pure white with prominent black patches on the head and body (no white-to-black ratio is specified or favored). Tri-color is described as mostly white with some brown markings and dustings of black on the body and head. A honey bear tri-color has light brown with black tips that gradually fades to an off-white or lemon color. The tri-color loses the most color of any of the color varieties, usually becoming mostly white with possibly some champagne markings and a dusting of black hairs on the ears and/or body.

Size
The Fédération Cynologique Internationale standard gives the Coton's weight as 6 to 8 kg for males and 3.5 to 5 kg for females. The Coton's height (including tolerance) is 25 to 30 cm tall for males and 22 to 27 cm for females.

The Coton de Tuléar Club of America standard specifies the weight as no more than 18 lb, with the average being between 11 and 15 lb. The standard height is 9 to 13 in, except for the rare Tall Coton, which is 15 to 17 in tall. The long-limbed Tall Coton shows up in all three color varieties and can be born to a litter with normal-sized parents that carry the appropriate genes.

Detailed description
The nose is black in colour in the Coton de Tuléar Club of America standard. However, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale standard, which also favors a black nose, states that brown is tolerable as well. A pink or partly pink nose is not accepted in either standard. The standard advocates that the lips should preferably be tight and of the same colour as the nose, specifically black in the Coton de Tuléar Club of America standard. A Coton de Tuléar's teeth can be either in a scissor bite or pincer bite. Its eyes are normally round, dark in colour, and wide-set. Traditionally, the expression is lively, intelligent, bright, and merry. Typically, the Coton de Tuléar's ears are triangular and set high. The leather of the ear is often thin, and the neck is strong, favoured to be without a dewlap, and slightly arched.

The chest is typically well developed and reaches to (FCI-Standard N° 283 / 04. 02. 2000 / GB) the elbows. A Coton de Tuléar's feet are small and arched, and its back is normally strong and slightly arched. The pads of the feet are usually black. The body is of moderate length and typically has a moderate tuck-up. Traditionally, the loin is muscular and not overly long. The hind legs are normally strong and straight. The hind feet are similar to the front feet. Throughout history, the dewclaws have been removed; however, many would now oppose this arguably unnecessary and cruel procedure. The tail is traditionally low-set and tapering, carried over the back when in motion or excited, but relaxed otherwise.

Temperament
The Coton is a playful, affectionate, intelligent breed. Although generally quiet, it can become very vocal—grunting, barking, and making other noises when having fun. Cotons are known to have a habit of jumping up and walking on their hind legs to please people. Most Cotons love meeting new people and are very curious about new situations. Cotons are easy to train as they are very eager to please. Cotons love to swim, run, and play. They adapt well to any kind of living environment. A common trait of the Coton de Tuléar behaviour is to come alive in the evening.

Care
The Coton has a coat that requires brushing and combing almost daily and bathing about once per week to maintain its beauty. Cotons love swimming; owners who have pools are recommended to let their Cotons play in the pool with supervision. Like poodles, they do not "shed", meaning they don't drop hair on furniture, carpeting, etc. They do lose hair; their coat's texture causes the shed hair to be trapped in the coat. If not brushed and combed daily, this breed's fur will mat up quickly and may require shaving. Cotons need a walk every day for exercise but will appreciate a play session as often as possible and have the endurance to go on a long hike. Cotons love to play with other dogs, and they are great with kids.

Health
A 2024 UK study found a life expectancy of 14.2 years from a sample size of 44 dogs for the breed compared to an average of 12.7 for purebreeds and 12 for crossbreeds.

History
The Coton de Tuléar developed on the island of Madagascar and is still the island's national dog. It is believed that the Tenerife dog was brought to Madagascar and mated with a dog on the island, creating an unexpected result. The Coton's ancestors were possibly brought to Madagascar in the 16th and 17th centuries aboard pirate ships. Madagascar was a haven for pirates, and pirate graveyards can still be seen there. Pirates established a base on St. Mary's Island, Madagascar and some of them took Malagasy wives. Whether the dogs were brought along to control rats on the ships, as companions for long voyages, or were confiscated from other ships as booty, no one knows. Tuléar is a port now also known as Toliara. The Coton is of the Bichon dog type, linked most closely to the Bichon Tenerife and the Tenerife Terrier. There have been many stories circulating about the history of the Coton in recent years, most of them untrue. The Coton de Tuléar was never feral on Madagascar. It did not hunt wild boar or crocodiles, as its size, strength, and demeanor can disprove easily. It was a companion dog of the Merina (the ruling tribe) in Madagascar. It has a very little prey drive and is not a hunting dog.

The cottony coat may be the result of a single gene mutation. This small, friendly dog caught the fancy of the Malagasy royalty, and they became the only people allowed to keep Cotons. When Dr. Robert Jay Russell encountered the breed in Madagascar in 1973 and brought the first ones to America, he coined the phrase the Royal Dog of Madagascar, and the name stuck. They were also imported occasionally into France by returning French colonists but were not officially imported to Europe until the 1970s. In 1974, Madagascar released a stamp with the image of the Coton, affirming their status as the nation's "royal dog". The Coton de Tuléar was first formally recognised as a breed by the Societe Centrale Canine (the French national kennel club) in 1970 and was accepted by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, which published the breed standard in 1972. The Coton de Tuléar is recognised internationally through the Fédération Cynologique Internationale and by major kennel clubs (The Kennel Club (UK) in the Toy Group, and the United Kennel Club (US) in the Companion Group), using standards-based upon the Fédération Cynologique Internationale standard. The breed is not recognised by the New Zealand Kennel Club or the Australian Kennel Union. It also may be recognised in the English-speaking world by any of the very large numbers of minor registries, clubs, and internet-based dog registry businesses.

In the United States, another standard for the Coton de Tuléar was developed based upon the breed in Madagascar in 1974 by a biologist, Dr. Robert Jay Russell. Russell established the Coton de Tuléar Club of America in 1976 and was opposed to American Kennel Club recognition. The Coton de Tuléar entered the American Kennel Club Foundation Stock Service (their first step in breed recognition) in 1996 and became a fully recognized breed on July 1, 2014. The American Kennel Club Parent Club for the breed in the United States of America Coton de Tuléar Club.

title: Coton de Tulear


text:
DormAid

DormAid is a college services company founded by Michael E. Kopko and co-founded by Matthew Kopko, Robert Cecot, Shiva Kaul, Chris Acton-Maher, Elizabeth Knopf, and Jorge Aviles. DormAid initially only offered services on Harvard's campus in 2004. As of 2008, it currently offers personal services to college students on 1800 campuses nationwide. Additionally, it provides direct on-campus service at around 25 universities. DormAid's most popular service is a personal laundry pickup and delivery service, but it also offers professional room cleaning, bedding services, water delivery, a dorm bedding line, and online backup services.

DormAid has received considerable attention from the press, including features on Comedy Central's The Daily Show with Jon Stewart, CNN, NBC, CNBC, Fox News, The New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal and The Rush Limbaugh Show. DormAid has also been covered by numerous local and college newspapers at the campuses it services. The DormAid brand has appeared in books and print across the country and media attention often focuses on its innovative business model and unique approach to college services.

In 2007, DormAid received entrepreneurial recognition as a finalist in the Global Student Entrepreneurship Awards.

In 2009, DormAid was sold to New York-based entrepreneurs Otto Magdanz and Carlo Passacantando. The company is being run under their parent company along with their other companies, Lion Laundry and Valet Laundry.

Services

 * Personal Laundry Service
 * Room Cleaning Service
 * Dorm Room Bedding
 * Water Delivery Service
 * Appliance Sales
 * Computer Back-up Service

Business model
At universities with on-campus service, DormAid trains and employs local students (called presidents) to serve as the DormAid representative there.

Presidents have many roles which include marketing, branding and development. Presidents are given substantial responsibility and autonomy in making business decisions for DormAid on their campus; they essentially run their own businesses while still in school.

title: DormAid


text:
Four-Power Treaty

The Four-Power Treaty (四カ国条約, Shi-ka-koku Jōyaku) was a treaty signed by the United States, Great Britain, France and Japan at the Washington Naval Conference on 13 December 1921. It was partly a follow-up to the Lansing-Ishii Treaty, signed between the U.S. and Japan. This Treaty related to the Treaty for the Limitation of Naval Armament that attempted to maintain peace in the Pacific. It was signed in Washington, D.C., on 13 December 1921.

By the Four-Power Treaty, all parties agreed to maintain the status quo in the Pacific by respecting the Pacific territories of the other countries, signing the agreement, not seeking further territorial expansion, and mutual consultation with each other in the event of a dispute over territorial possessions. However, the main result of the Four-Power Treaty was the termination of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1902.

The powers agreed to respect each other’s Pacific island dependencies for ten years.

title: Four-Power Treaty


text:
1978 smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom

The 1978 smallpox outbreak in the United Kingdom resulted in the death of Janet Parker, a British medical photographer, who became the last recorded person to die from smallpox. Her illness and death, which was connected to the deaths of two other people, led to the Shooter Inquiry, an official investigation by government-appointed experts triggering radical changes in how dangerous pathogens were studied in the UK and named after the panel's leader.

The Shooter Inquiry found that Parker was accidentally exposed to a strain of smallpox virus that had been grown in a research laboratory on the floor below her workplace at the University of Birmingham Medical School. Shooter concluded that the mode of transmission was most likely airborne through a poorly maintained service duct between the two floors. However, this assertion has been subsequently challenged, including when the University of Birmingham was acquitted following a prosecution for breach of Health and Safety legislation connected with Parker's death. Several internationally recognised experts produced evidence during the prosecution to show that it was unlikely that Parker was infected by airborne transmission in this way. Although there is general agreement that the source of Parker's infection was the smallpox virus grown at the Medical School laboratory, how Parker contracted the disease remains unknown.

Smallpox research at the Birmingham Medical School
Smallpox is an infectious disease unique to humans, caused by either of two virus variants named Variola major and Variola minor, with the latter typically producing a milder disease. The World Health Organization (WHO) had established a smallpox eradication programme and, by 1978, was close to declaring that the disease had been eradicated globally. The last naturally occurring infection was of Variola minor in Somalia in 1977.

At the time of the 1978 outbreak, a laboratory at University of Birmingham Medical School had been conducting research on variants of smallpox virus known as "whitepox viruses", which were considered to be a threat to the success of the WHO's eradication programme. The laboratory was part of the Microbiology Department, the head of which was virologist Henry Bedson, son of Sir Samuel Phillips Bedson.

A smallpox outbreak in the area had occurred in 1966, when Tony McLennan, a medical photographer working at the medical school, contracted the disease. He had a mild form of the disease, which was not diagnosed for eight weeks. He was not quarantined and there were at least twelve further cases in the West Midlands, five of whom were quarantined in Witton Isolation Hospital in Birmingham. There are no records of any formal enquiries on the source of this outbreak despite concerns expressed by the then head of the laboratory, Peter Wildy.

In 1977, the WHO had told Henry Bedson that his application for his laboratory to become a Smallpox Collaborating Centre had been rejected. This was partly because of safety concerns; the WHO wanted as few laboratories as possible handling the virus.

Janet Parker
Parker was born in March 1938, and was the only daughter of Frederick and Hilda Witcomb (née Linscott). She was married to Joseph Parker, a Post Office engineer, and lived in the Kings Norton area of Birmingham. After several years as a police photographer, she joined the University of Birmingham Medical School, where she was employed as a medical photographer in the Anatomy Department. She often worked in a darkroom above the laboratory where research on smallpox viruses was being conducted.

Parker's illness and death
On 11 August 1978, Parker (who had been vaccinated against smallpox in 1966, but not since ) fell ill; she had a headache and pains in her muscles. She developed spots that were thought to be a benign rash, or chickenpox. On 20 August at 3pm, she was admitted to East Birmingham Hospital and a clinical diagnosis of Variola major, the most serious type of smallpox, was made by consultant Alasdair Geddes.

By this time the rash had spread and covered all Parker's body, including the palms of her hands and soles of her feet, and it was confluent (i.e. the lesions had merged) on her face. At 10pm she was on her way to Catherine-de-Barnes Isolation Hospital near Solihull. By 11pm all her close contacts, including her parents, were placed in quarantine. Her parents were later also transferred to Catherine-de-Barnes. The next day, poxvirus infection was confirmed by Henry Bedson, then Head of the Smallpox laboratory at the Medical School, by electron microscopy of vesicle fluid, which Geddes had sampled from Parker's rash. Samples of the fluid were also collected by a biomedical scientist for examination at the Regional Virus Laboratory, which was in East Birmingham Hospital. Parker died of smallpox at Catherine-de-Barnes on 11 September 1978. She was the last recorded person to die from smallpox.

Special disease control measures had to be put into place for Parker's funeral. Ron Fleet from Sheldon, who at the time of Parker's death worked for Solihull funeral director Bastocks and later for the BBC at Pebble Mill, recalled that he was told that authorities "would not allow the body to be stored in a fridge in case the virus managed to multiply":

"I was expecting to retrieve the body from a fridge in the mortuary, but... it was stored in a body bag that was kept on the floor of a garage away from the main hospital building. She was in a transparent body bag packed with wood shavings and sawdust. There was also some kind of liquid and I remember that I was frightened that the bag would split open. The body was covered in sores and scars – it was quite horrific. I was on my own and I needed help to lift the body... but I managed to get her into the van. People from the hospital were very wary of helping me... When the day of the funeral arrived, the cars were given an escort by unmarked police vehicles just in case there was an accident... The body had to be cremated because there was a chance the virus could have thrived in the ground if Mrs Parker had been buried. All other funerals were cancelled that day and the Robin Hood Crematorium was thoroughly cleaned afterwards."

Concerns over the survival of infectious virus in Parker's body were well-founded, and at the inquest the coroner, who signed Parker's cremation certificate, disallowed an autopsy for safety reasons.

Quarantine and containment
Many people had close contact with Parker before she was admitted to hospital. The outbreak prevention response included 260 people being immediately quarantined, several of them at Catherine-de-Barnes Hospital, including the ambulance driver who transported Parker. Over 500 people who had been (or had possibly been) in contact with Parker were given vaccinations against smallpox. On 26 August, health officials went to Parker's house in Burford Park Road, Kings Norton, and fumigated her home and car. On 28 August, five hundred people were placed in quarantine in their homes for two weeks.

Parker's mother contracted smallpox on 7 September, despite having been vaccinated against the disease on 24 August. Her case was described as "very minor" and she was subsequently declared free from infection and was discharged from hospital on 22 September. Other than Parker's mother, no further cases occurred. The other close contacts, which included two biomedical scientists from the Regional Virus Laboratory, were released from quarantine in Catherine-de-Barnes on 10 October 1978.

Birmingham was declared officially free of smallpox on 16 October 1978. Over a year later, in October 1979, the university authorities fumigated the Medical School East Wing. The ward at Catherine-de-Barnes Hospital in which Parker had died was still sealed off five years after her death, all the furniture and equipment inside left untouched.

Related deaths
On 5 September 1978, Parker's 71-year-old father, Frederick Witcomb, of Myrtle Avenue, Kings Heath, died while in quarantine at Catherine-de-Barnes Hospital. He appeared to have died following a cardiac arrest when visiting his daughter. No post-mortem was carried out on his body because of the risk of smallpox infection.

On 6 September 1978, Henry Bedson, head of the Birmingham Medical School microbiology department, cut his throat in the garden shed while in quarantine at his home in Cockthorpe Close, Harborne. He died at Birmingham Accident Hospital a few days later. His suicide note read: "I am sorry to have misplaced the trust which so many of my friends and colleagues have placed in me and my work." In Bedson's Munk's Roll biography published by the Royal College of Physicians, virologist Peter Wildy and Sir Gordon Wolstenholme wrote: "Journalists launched a relentless effort to fix the blame on him and his staff for a breach of technique, and union officials stirred up public fears by confusing the issues with those then arising from genetic manipulation. Harassed as the chosen 'villain' of the tragedy, Henry Bedson's normally stable personality broke down and he took his own life. It could be said that he was a victim of his own dedicated conscientiousness, and of his extreme sense of responsibility."

The Shooter inquiry
An official government inquiry into Parker's death was conducted by a panel led by microbiologist R.A. Shooter, and comprising Christopher Booth, Sir David Evans, J.R. McDonald, David Tyrrell and Sir Robert Williams, with observers from the World Health Organization (WHO), The Health and Safety Executive and the Trades Union Congress. The inquiry's report noted that Bedson had failed to inform the authorities of changes in his research that could have affected safety. Shooter's enquiry discovered that the Dangerous Pathogens Advisory Group had inspected the laboratory on two occasions and each time recommended that the smallpox research be continued there, even though the facilities at the laboratory fell far short of those required by law. Several of the staff at the laboratory had received no special training. Inspectors from the WHO had told Bedson that the physical facilities at the laboratory did not meet WHO standards, but had nonetheless only recommended a few changes in laboratory procedures. Bedson misled the WHO about the volume of work handled by the laboratory, telling them that it had progressively declined since 1973, when in fact it had risen substantially as Bedson tried to finish his work before the laboratory closed. Shooter also found that while Parker had been vaccinated, it had not been done recently enough to protect her against smallpox. A foreword by the Secretary of State for Social Services, Patrick Jenkin, noted that the University of Birmingham disputed the report's findings.

The report concluded that Parker had been infected by a strain of smallpox virus called Abid (named after the three-year-old Pakistani boy from whom it had originally been isolated), which was being handled in the smallpox laboratory during 24–25 July 1978. It found that there was "no doubt" that Parker had been infected at her workplace, and identified three possible ways in which this could have occurred: air current transmission; personal contact; or contact with contaminated apparatus. The report favoured air current transmission and concluded that the virus could have travelled in air currents up a service duct from the laboratory below to a room in the Anatomy Department that was used for telephone calls. On 25 July, Parker had spent much more time there than usual ordering photographic materials because the financial year was about to end.

Since Shooter's Report potentially played an important role in the court case against the university for breach of safety legislation, its official publication was postponed until the outcome of the trial was known, and it was not published until 1980.

Once it was published it had a significant impact. Shooter's report was debated by Parliament. Nicolas Hawkes wrote, in 1979, that:

"Shooter's report was leaked to the press by Clive Jenkins, the general secretary of the trade union to which Mrs. Parker belonged. Shooter's report is one of the most damning documents ever produced by an official enquiry in Britain."

Prosecution
On 1 December 1978 the Health and Safety Executive announced their intention to prosecute the university for breach of safety legislation. The case was heard in October 1979 at Birmingham Magistrates' Court.

Although the source of infection was traced, the mode and cause of transmission was not. Evidence presented by several internationally recognised experts, including Kevin McCarthy, Allan Watt Downie and Keith R. Dumbell, showed that airborne transmission from the laboratory to the telephone room where Parker was supposedly infected was highly improbable. The experts calculated that it would require 11812 impgal of virus fluid to have been aspirated (meaning, in this context, removed by suction of fluid and cells through a needle ) and it would take 20,000 years for one particle to travel to the telephone room at the rate the fluid was aspirated. It was additionally found that although the Shooter Inquiry noted the poor state of the duct sealing in the laboratory, this was caused after the outbreak by engineers fumigating the laboratory and ducts. The university was found not guilty of causing Parker's death.

Other litigation
In August 1981, following a formal claim for damages made by the trade union Association of Scientific, Technical and Managerial Staffs in 1979, Parker's husband, Joseph, was awarded GB£25,000 in compensation.

Conclusions and impact
Although it seems clear that the source of Parker's infection was the smallpox virus grown at the University of Birmingham Medical School laboratory, it remains unknown how Parker came to be infected. Shooter's criticisms of the laboratory's procedures triggered radical changes in how dangerous pathogens were studied in the UK, but the inquiry's conclusions on the transmission of the virus have not been generally accepted. Professor Mark Pallen, who wrote a book about the case, says that the air duct theory "was not really believed by anyone in the know". Brian Escott-Cox QC, who successfully defended the university in the subsequent prosecution, said in 2018: "It was clear to me before the case even started that we were going to be able to prove absolutely beyond any question of doubt whatsoever, that airborne infection of smallpox cannot take place other than between two people who are face to face, less than ten inches apart. Unhappily, inevitably, once you have proven beyond any question of doubt that the smallpox could not have escaped from the laboratory and gone to Janet Parker, the overwhelming inference is that Janet Parker must, in some way or other, have come to the smallpox. How that came about, I don't know, we shall never know, but I think from those facts it is an inevitable inference and nothing else really stands up to any commonsense view."

In light of this incident, all known stocks of smallpox were destroyed or transferred to one of two WHO reference laboratories which had BSL-4 facilities: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in the United States and the State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology VECTOR in Koltsovo, Russia.

At the time of the outbreak, the WHO had been about to certify that smallpox had been eradicated globally. It eventually did so in 1980.


text:
Talk:Moment of Truth (Gang Starr album)

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title: Talk:Moment of Truth (Gang Starr album)


text:
Calypso tent

Calypso tents are venues in which calypsonians perform during the Carnival season. They usually are cinema halls, community centers, or other indoor buildings which have seating and stage arrangements to host the entertainers, guests and patrons; or outdoor shows which are held in parks or, more famously, in the Queen's Park Savannah. Some of these tents are held at many venues, called Roving Caravans or Roving Tents.

Such venues are still called "tents" because calypsonians all used to sing on stages which were literally covered by a tent. The first such tent was organised by a calypsonian whose sobriquet was Railway Douglas. As time went along, buildings and other empty spaces that were properly arranged were also used, but the name stuck.

Although traditional calypso has lost ground to soca and party music, the Tents remain popular venues and still serve as a launch pad for many young artists.

title: Calypso tent