text:
User talk:Ground Zero

See previous discussions at:
 * User talk:Ground Zero/Archive 23 World Brain Tumor Day, 2015 -
 * User talk:Ground Zero/Archive 22 World Water Monitoring Day, 2014 - World Brain Tumor Day, 2015
 * User talk:Ground Zero/Archive 21 Data Privacy Day, 2014 - World Water Monitoring Day, 2014
 * User talk:Ground Zero/Older archives

Sorry if this is messy or in the wrong spot, but you're probably used to this by now, and it makes sense that I'm coming here to thank you for always and without complaint, cleaning up after me, fixing formatting and grammar and spellling. You do a grea job of making my contributions actually seem worthwhile. Cheers, mate. ALso, sorry for this rushed garbled message, but I love to see people that actually care about using the language properly (although i haven't done well here in this message, hence the apology. consider this a stream of consciousness on a roll of paper, and please forgive me ;) ) CHeers again Panglossx (talk)

01:22, 9 June 2016 (UTC)

Precious again
  "the present tense indicates the present condition"

Thank you for quality articles on Canadian politics and their people, such as Parti Québécois leadership election, 2005 and Janet Ecker, for tireless, "" and "", for a user page full of advice, - repeating: you are an awesome Wikipedian (24 December 2010)!

--Gerda Arendt (talk) 11:33, 19 June 2014 (UTC) A year ago, you were the 891st recipient of my PumpkinSky Prize, --Gerda Arendt (talk) 07:04, 19 June 2015 (UTC)

Six years ago, you were recipient no. 891 of Precious, a prize of QAI! --Gerda Arendt (talk) 06:04, 19 June 2020 (UTC)

WP:Naming conventions (music)
Hi. I note you didn't make reference to the relevant guideline in closing Tommy (album). Would it be possible to update your close with reference to guideline? In ictu oculi (talk) 16:19, 11 September 2014 (UTC)

2015 Canadian election talkpage
Following your invitation, generally I think you have communicated well. However in your post at 12:28, 22 June 2015 you replied accusing another editor of doing stuff which they hadn't done for at least a post or two. This had the effect of winding that editor up again. Graemp (talk) 15:45, 23 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Thanks for this feedback on the discussion at Talk:42nd Canadian federal election. I have been frustrated that his disrespectful behaviour keeps recurring. I take your point generally that it is best to let sleeping dogs lie, but in this case I was responding to his comment about conspiracy theories, which he had repeated. I should have made it clear that I was focusing on that comment and not on other issues. Regards, Ground Zero | t 20:25, 23 June 2015 (UTC)

No Gun Ri
Hello,

Hope you're doing well. I noticed that you made an edit at No Gun Ri Massacre, which has seen a very heated debate between Cjhanley and WeldNeck which has seethed for years.

Part of it revolves around a sourcing dispute, namely, the credibility of the U.S. No Gun Ri Review Report, the initial AP reports (particularly the credibility of certain eyewitnesses), and of historian Robert Bateman. In general, the page has been a battleground, with frequent personal attacks, accusations of POV, bold edits against consensus, and so on, although it has calmed down as of late. It is important to note that Cjhanley is in fact one of the AP reporters who initially broke the No Gun Ri story, and was awarded the Pulitzer Prize; also, WeldNeck has accused him of a conflict of interest. Both editors have compiled extensive lists of their grievances, and have dragged one another to ANI: WeldNeck also attacked Cjhanley as a sock:. Neither editor is blameless, to say the least.

For some time, I, along with Timothyjosephwood, Wikimedes, and Irondome have attempted to mediate, and we have successfully imposed an unofficial "freeze" on editing the page without prior proposals. While the situation is not urgent, I would appreciate any help an experienced editor such as yourself could offer. If you are interested, I can also provide some sources to provide background, although some can also be found on the page's external links category.

Thanks very much,

GeneralizationsAreBad (talk) 22:40, 30 June 2015 (UTC)

Thank you!
Dear GroundZero, thank you for making a swift change to the page Freiburger Turnerschaft von 1844. I appreciate your efforts in the battle against vaguery, and the explanation of "currently" as an unnecessary adverb was very helpful. Sincerely, AmiableWookie (talk) 08:49, 22 July 2015 (UTC)

Sig thing
Any chance you would you replace the  in your sig with the entity code  ? This would prevent its appearance there from breaking templates when your sig appears within them. — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  03:48, 7 August 2015 (UTC)
 * I don't understand what the problem is, but I've made the change. I hope that works. Regards, Ground Zero | t 13:54, 7 August 2015 (UTC)
 * It will. :-) It was that the bare   in your sig was being interpreted as a parameter marker. See difference between these two:
 * "Foo!" – Ground Zero
 * "Foo!" – Ground Zero | t
 * — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  13:15, 9 August 2015 (UTC)

October 2015
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 * http://www.ttc.ca/PDF/About_the_TTC/Commission_Meetings/Chief_Executive_Officers_Report_-_Period_5_ April_29_to_May_.pdf |publisher=Toronto Transit Commission |title=Chief Executive Officer's Report |
 * Valve) on the T1 subway and Line 3 Scarborough trains except for the new Toronto Rocket subway trains, which utilize a two-way intercom for

Matthew Steen page edits
GroundZero,

(Sorry if I am contacting you in the wrong place, I am not sure how to do it any other way)

In the talk:Matthew Steen page you mentioned: "At the same time, SJE did remove a whole lot of referenced content."

Sort of depends on how we are defining "referenced." Not only were there numerous passages with made up links, there were also numerous references that linked to documents unrelated to Steen. There were also numerous instances where he cited documents that were unrelated to whatever he was trying to say.

If you can point one (or more) out to me that I messed up, I will gladly revert them.

V/r,

SteveJEsposito (talk) 21:29, 16 October 2015 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:59, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Keith Vaz
Ground, could you possibly look at I/P 83.216.94.186's recent edits on Keith Vaz? Thanks in advance JRPG (talk) 20:55, 5 December 2015 (UTC)

Capitalization of institutions
Hello. You may be interested in the discussion at Wikipedia_talk:Manual_of_Style as it relates to style guidance you recently helped clarify. Rupert Clayton (talk) 20:59, 8 December 2015 (UTC)

Re: Frances Ames
As an admin, you should familiarize yourself with WP:BRD. While you've been busy reverting me, I had discussed your edits on the talk page. Please don't use edit summaries in place of discussion. Viriditas (talk) 18:52, 18 December 2015 (UTC)

 * My apologies. I did not notice the discussion on the talk page. You are quite right. Ground Zero | t 19:47, 18 December 2015 (UTC)

Season's Greetings
To You and Yours! FWiW Bzuk (talk) 22:00, 20 December 2015 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for December 28
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Nomination of Wisconsin Green Party for deletion
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Progressive Conservative leadership election, 1983
I'm thinking it might be fun to submit Progressive Conservative leadership election, 1983 for consideration as a good article. Any recommendations as to what we can do to make it better? Knoper (talk) 17:26, 10 January 2016 (UTC)
 * My concern is that parts of the article are written in a very journalistic style, which is not what we should be aiming for. An encyclopedia article should report the facts, rather than tell a good story. We should especially be avoiding journalese. As well, as is often the case when many people are editing the same text, some of the sentences are growing long and unwieldy as different people add bits and pieces to sentences without trying to read the result. I will take another run-though to copyedit this. Another concern is going to be that it relies heavily on the Martin, Gregg and Perlin book, which is obviously the authoritative source, but I think people don't like to see such reliance on one source. It may be necessary to go back to newspapers of the day to bump it up a bit. Ground Zero | t 13:21, 11 January 2016 (UTC)

Userpage
Did you notice this edit? Fences &  Windows  00:35, 10 February 2016 (UTC)

 * Yes, I saw and reverted that edit. I didn't know what to make of it - whether it was intended as a compliment or as vandalism. Thanks for pointing it out. Ground Zero | t 22:19, 11 February 2016 (UTC)

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Barclays Bank Canada
In a recent edit, you changed one or more words or styles from one national variety of English to another. Because Wikipedia has readers from all over the world, our policy is to respect national varieties of English in Wikipedia articles.

For a subject exclusively related to the United Kingdom (for example, a famous British person), use British English. For something related to the United States in the same way, use American English. For something related to India, use Indian English. For something related to another English-speaking country, such as Canada, Australia, or New Zealand, use the variety of English used there. For an international topic, use the form of English that the original author used.

In view of that, please don't change articles from one version of English to another, even if you don't normally use the version in which the article is written. Respect other people's versions of English. They, in turn, should respect yours. Other general guidelines on how Wikipedia articles are written can be found in the Manual of Style. If you have any questions about this, you can ask me on my talk page or visit the help desk. Thank you. 2.27.75.26 (talk) 20:33, 25 May 2016 (UTC)

 * How is "Barclays Bank Canada" a British article? It was chartered in Canada and operated exclusively in Canada. This is just sloppy and heavy-handed editing on your part. Also, "license" as a verb is normally spelled with an "s" in both UK and Canadian English. "Licence" is the noun. Ground Zero | t 01:17, 26 May 2016 (UTC)

 * It was a subsidiary (currently a branch) of a British company operating internationally, so you cannot claim national ownership. The English Wikipedia prefers no major national variety of the language over any other. An article should not be edited simply to switch from one variety of English to another. 2.27.75.26 (talk) 23:13, 26 May 2016 (UTC)

I agree that Barclays Bank is a UK company. If it were acquired by Bank of America, it would remain principally a UK company, chartered in and operating in the UK, and I would oppose changing the spelling in its article to US spelling. In any event, this discussion will be resolved on the article talk pages, not on a user's talk page, do take up the discussion there. Ground Zero | t 00:53, 27 May 2016 (UTC)
 * The Times (of London) is owned by News Corp, an American company. Should we change the spelling of words in its article to US spelling? Ground Zero | t 02:17, 27 May 2016 (UTC)
 * More importantly, I did not edit any article to switch from one variant of English to another. The edit in question was a change of "licence" as a verb to "license", which is the usual spelling in both Canada and the UK. Ground Zero | t 02:08, 27 May 2016 (UTC)

June 2016
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 * same year, Comair introduced its first international flights from Cincinanti to Toronto. In 1992, Comair moved into Concourse C, as Delta Air Lines gradually continued to acquire more of the
 * work=Atlanta Journal-Constitution| date=August 2, 2009| accessdate=August 2, 2009}} Once Delta Air Lines|Delta acquired Northwest, Comair's older fleet, which was costly as a result of

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 * same year, Comair introduced its first international flights from Cincinanti to Toronto. In 1992, Comair moved into Concourse C, as Delta Air Lines gradually continued to acquire more of the
 * work=Atlanta Journal-Constitution| date=August 2, 2009| accessdate=August 2, 2009}} Once Delta Air Lines|Delta acquired Northwest, Comair's older fleet, which was costly as a result of

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 * into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1996 as the recipient recipientFoster Hewitt Memorial Award for broadcasting excellence.{{cite news |title=Hockey Night in Canada inks Cole,

Reply to "More on formatting"
Hello, Ground Zero.

I do apologize for making these mistakes, but please understand that I did not make these mistakes to intentionally inconvenience anybody. I will do my best to avoid making mistakes such as these from this moment forward, however; you may find other mistakes that I have already made in other articles. If you do find more of my mistakes, I hope that you point them out to me so that I may fix them rather than indiscriminately undoing entire edits of mine. I will do my best to track down any mistake that I may have already made and fix it.

Thanks in advance,

— SomeGuyWhoRandomlyEdits (talk) 16:13, 17 June 2016 (UTC)

 * I do apologize for my recent edit of the Ishme-Dagan I article. I intended in immediately correcting my mistakes (such as using the Akkadian names for people and places), however; the power in my building temporarily went out and so I lost my internet connection along with all the progress I was making. I have now done my best to correct these mistakes. If you notice any more mistakes, please point them out to me. — SomeGuyWhoRandomlyEdits (talk) 16:20, 20 June 2016 (UTC)

BAMN
Please explain how this sentence is misleading. Also explain how having a third-party opinion of the TWP by the Southern Poverty Law Center, but no third-party opinion of BAMN, contributes to the article's balance and neutrality. --50.46.239.77 (talk) 23:09, 29 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Because it isn't what the source says, and the source is from 11 years ago, which that statement doesn't mention. Ground Zero | t 23:11, 29 June 2016 (UTC)
 * The source says that BAMN was discussed during a seminar on domestic terrorism, and that the seminar was dedicated to discussion of groups "thought to be involved in terrorist activities." And this is exactly what the sentence you removed said. In your reply, don't forget to address my second point about third-party opinions and neutrality. --50.46.239.77 (talk) 23:20, 29 June 2016 (UTC)
 * And it left out the bit about the FBI acknowledging that Michigan police had information that BAMN had been peaceful, and that this was 21 years ago with no further claims of BAMN being possibly involved in terrorist activities since. When you add those bits on, you see that there is virtually nothing left to this accusation. If you can't come up with something better that this, you really have to conclude that there is nothing to it. Ground Zero | t 23:27, 29 June 2016 (UTC)
 * You still have not addressed my second point. Also, the claim that "this was 21 years ago" (which is false, the seminar was in 2002) does nothing to invalidate the fact that the FBI had designated BAMN as a group thought to be involved in terrorist activities. Neither does your second point about the Michigan police. --50.46.239.77 (talk) 23:35, 29 June 2016 (UTC)

21 years ago was a typo. It should be 14 years ago. "Designated" is the ACLU's word. The FBI did not use that word, which sounds like they are on some list of "designated organizations", which they are not. What we have is an allegation not proven by the FBI, brought into question by the Michigan Police, and the FBI has taken no further action and made no further comment for 14 years. But you wouldn't get that impression from the statement that I removed. That is why it is misleading.

The SLPC description of TWP is from October 2015, not 14 years ago, so it is current. Ground Zero | t 23:48, 29 June 2016 (UTC)
 * And you still have not addressed my second point. Your claim that the FBI "has made no further comment for 14 years" needs a citation. How does this reworked paragraph sound to you? "In January 2002, officials from the FBI and Secret Service attended a symposium dedicated to issue of domestic terrorism. BAMN, along with other groups 'thought to be involved in terrorist activities,' were discussed during the meeting. The Michigan State Police, which was also in attendance, noted that BAMN's past demonstrations 'have been peaceful.'" --50.46.239.77 (talk) 23:59, 29 June 2016 (UTC)
 * I am assuming that the FBI had made no further comment on BAMN because no one has provided one. If the FBI had, we wouldn't be spending so much time fussing over this claim from 14 years ago. What you wrote above is factually correct, but way too detailed for this article. A vague, unsubstantiated, out-of-date claim about one of the organizations doesn't belong in this article. It could be in the BAMN article, of course, and in fact something very much like it is because I put there. Ground Zero | t 00:11, 30 June 2016 (UTC)
 * I'm going to go with bold italicized text now, since italics alone didn't do it: Also explain how having a third-party opinion of the TWP by the Southern Poverty Law Center, but no third-party opinion of BAMN, contributes to the article's balance and neutrality. Also, the article has a section called "Participants," and a three- or four-sentence third-party description of one of the participant's history is hardly "way too detailed." Furthermore, we're not in the business of substantiating the FBI's allegation; we only report what the FBI alleged about the group. You're an administrator, so I'm shocked that you do not understand this. --50.46.239.77 (talk) 00:18, 30 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Look, we report relevant information. Balance does not require us to use outdated information on one organisation just because we have recent information on another. Find something recent on BAMN if you think it is needed. What the FBI thought may have happened 14 years ago isn't enough. The articles is about something that happened this week. This is a current event, not history. Ground Zero | t 11:04, 30 June 2016 (UTC)
 * I'm going to take your continued refusal to answer my second point as a tacit admission that balance has not been achieved. In the past, you seemed to understand how Wikipedia works when the discussion focused on the TWP, but your behavior when the discussion concerns BAMN betrays your bias. I'm asking you to put your money where your mouth is and start acting like an administrator. If you find that difficult, then please extricate yourself from this dispute and go edit elsewhere. Instead of being constructive, you fling everything at the wall to see what sticks. The only thing outdated about the FBI's report is the claim the Michigan State Police made about BAMN being "peaceful." BAMN is a self-described militant organization that initiated the violence last Sunday and has been implicated in violence at many other protests. In any case, while the article may be about a recent event, the "Participants" section is intended to provide readers context, and context is achieved by discussing the participants' history and goals. The TWP was only established in January 2016; BAMN has a much longer history. You admitted that my reworked paragraph is "factually correct," but objected that it is "way too detailed." When challenged on this point, you failed to defend your objection. I have since added that reworked paragraph into the article. If you remove my edit without explanation, my attempt at dialogue will have failed and I will initiate the arbitration process.--50.46.239.77 (talk) 16:16, 30 June 2016 (UTC)

This issue is not whether BSMN is violent or not. The events in Sacranentob sure that they are. The issue if whether the "terrorist" label belong in the Sacramento article. I have put it in the BAMN article. It does not belong here because of was so qualified, it is so old, and there has been nothing further on it. The FBI statement is 24 years old. Not just the Michigan Police statement. You have not been able to provide anything recent to justify the terrorist label. I have explained my position. You don't have to agree with me, but accusing me of not defending my position is ridiculous. And making threats is not a constructive way of dealing with issues in Wikipedia. Especially for an unregistered editor. Ground Zero | t 16:36, 30 June 2016 (UTC)

Nomination of Humaninstitut for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Humaninstitut is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

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Hi, I have nominated a page you contributed to for deletion and wanted to let you know about it as part of WP:Good faith Menschpædia (talk) 15:02, 16 July 2016 (UTC)

Reference errors on 27 July
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Reply to "Formatting again"
Hello, Ground Zero.

I completely understand your concerns. I sincerely apologize for the mistakes that I have made. Please understand that I did not do this to intentionally inconvenience anybody. I intended to correct my mistakes as quickly and as efficiently as possible. I still intend to correct my mistakes as quickly and as efficiently as possible. Again, I do apologize for any inconvenience that this may have caused. — SomeGuyWhoRandomlyEdits (talk) 21:27, 29 July 2016 (UTC)

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Re:ICI
In response to my mistake moves on the French-language Radio-Canada TV networks, I saw that someone moved Ici ARTV to ICI Artv and made the mistake to assume that was correct without second guessing. I should have posted this on its respective talk page, rather than moving the rest of the ICI articles to match ARTV. I apologize for mistake and this case will greater improve me as a contributor. Rewind Wrestling (talk) 18:52, 30 October 2016 (UTC)
 * Okay, thanks. I had not seen the move at Ici ARTV. I think it would be best for you to move the other articles back now. I will post messages on the talk pages to help avoid these mistakes being made again. Regards, Ground Zero | t 19:35, 30 October 2016 (UTC)

Andscacs
I have explained my edit at length at Talk:Andscacs. If you want to discuss this change, I am happy to do so. If you are just going to revert and edit war to get your way, you will be violating WP:3RR and can be blocked from editing. See WP:AVOIDEDITWAR. IQ125 (talk) 14:07, 5 November 2016 (UTC)
 * Well, that's pretty childish. I posted this message on your talk page, you have deleted it and posted it on my talk page with your signature. As the article's talk page shows, I have explained my edit on the talk page; you have not. Ground Zero | t 14:20, 5 November 2016 (UTC)

A cup of coffee for you!
Thanks for the coffee! Unfortunately, not everyone saw the humour. One editor on another article found that comment to be insulting, so I had to apologize. I'm glad you took it in next the spirit in which it was intended. Best regards, Ground Zero | t 15:08, 7 November 2016 (UTC)

Hello, Trump, Merriam-Webster
First, Hi! I'm a huge admirer of Wikipedia, and wish I had the time to learn the ropes and contribute. Instead, I send a small amount of money and the occasional bit of intervention. Two notes today: I quite approve of your intervention to prevent self-interested dolts adding their causes to the page on the Toronto Trump Hotel and Tower. On the other hand, the article is now seriously out of date. The tower is in receivership, badly managed, and the subject of multi-directional litigation. I hope somebody will update the article appropriately.

Then I came to your page and found you quoting Merriam-Webster as an authority. I'm afraid this is something that needs extreme care. If you want an American Dictionary, the best idea is always American Heritage. Warning: I am a former editor on American Heritage magazines, same company but two floors below, and used to be friends with and an admirer of a number of their staff. Merriam-Webster is the descendant of formerly great companies, Merriam and Webster, but they spent a disastrous generation in thrall to the American academic fad for demotic language. They allowed themselves to mix up reporting on what people said and wrote with stating the commonly understood meanings of words. From about 2010 onwards they came to the conclusion that this had been a mistake, and they have repaired their ways. New material from Merriam-Webster is at least making the attempt to report accurately the commonly accepted meanings of words, and no longer giving equal weight to widely used solecisms. This will eventually return them to respectability. It will not undo the damage of the last generation's errors.

Very best wishes in your important work, -dlj. David Lloyd-Jones (talk) 10:31, 7 November 2016 (UTC)

Thanks first your feedback, DLJ. To be honest, M-W was the first that came up when I googled. I am interested to learn that there is such keen rivalry in next the dictionary world, and am glad to know that the people who compile them are so passionate about the language. Best regards, Ground Zero | t 15:08, 7 November 2016 (UTC)

Two-Factor Authentication now available for admins
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Please note that TOTP based two-factor authentication is now available for all administrators. In light of the recent compromised accounts, you are encouraged to add this additional layer of security to your account. It may be enabled on your preferences page in the "User profile" tab under the "Basic information" section. For basic instructions on how to enable two-factor authentication, please see the developing help page for additional information. Important: Be sure to record the two-factor authentication key and the single use keys. If you lose your two factor authentication and do not have the keys, it's possible that your account will not be recoverable. Furthermore, you are encouraged to utilize a unique password and two-factor authentication for the email account associated with your Wikimedia account. This measure will assist in safeguarding your account from malicious password resets. Comments, questions, and concerns may be directed to the thread on the administrators' noticeboard. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 20:33, 12 November 2016 (UTC)

Corporate stylings
I actually share your disdain for corporate stylings, and have removed many ™ symbols from articles. The exclamation mark in "Yahoo!" particularly irks me. I just didn't feel it applied in this case, and obviously it's somewhat subjective what the common name is. Thanks for being a reasonable person, we need more like you. Kendall-K1 (talk) 14:51, 14 November 2016 (UTC)
 * You put forward a better argument than mine, so fair is fair. Regards, Ground Zero | t 14:53, 14 November 2016 (UTC)

A new user right for New Page Patrollers
Hi.

A new user group, New Page Reviewer, has been created in a move to greatly improve the standard of new page patrolling. The user right can be granted by any admin at PERM. It is highly recommended that admins look beyond the simple numerical threshold and satisfy themselves that the candidates have the required skills of communication and an advanced knowledge of notability and deletion. Admins are automatically included in this user right.

It is anticipated that this user right will significantly reduce the work load of admins who patrol the performance of the patrollers. However,due to the complexity of the rollout, some rights may have been accorded that may later need to be withdrawn, so some help will still be needed to some extent when discovering wrongly applied deletion tags or inappropriate pages that escape the attention of less experienced reviewers, and above all, hasty and bitey tagging for maintenance. User warnings are available here but very often a friendly custom message works best.

If you have any questions about this user right, don't hesitate to join us at WT:NPR. (Sent to all admins) .MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:47, 15 November 2016 (UTC)

Gilbert Burnet
Point taken! Chrisdoyleorwell (talk) 21:18, 17 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Quite alright. I'm glad you agree. Ground Zero | t

Armond Rizzo
Hello. I noticed that you recently created Armond Rizzo, a biography of a living person that is completely unsourced. The subject also appears to fail the relevant notability guideline. Rather than tagging for deletion, I trust that you, an experienced editor, will know how to fix this. Please add some reliable sources that support the content. Thanks in advance. • Gene93k (talk) 02:24, 20 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I understand. This started out as a translation from the Spanish Wikipedia, but when I tried to save it I was warned that the sources were proscribed from English Wikipedia. I have tried to find sources, and will try again, but it will probably end up being deleted. Ground Zero | t 17:06, 20 December 2016 (UTC)

Merry, merry!
From the icy Canajian north; to you and yours! FWiW Bzuk (talk) 22:05, 25 December 2016 (UTC)

What you say is wrong
What you say is wrong. The correct name is Czechia. The article should be moved to Czechia. Eleni Kaltsi (talk) 15:08, 30 December 2016 (UTC)

 * I have explained what Wikipedia policy is and how it applies, and how you can propose changes if you want to. But Wikipedia works on consensus. It isn't called Elenikaltsipedia, so you don't get to have your own way here. On your own webpage you can call it what you want. For the record, I hope that Czechia becomes commonly used in English as I prefer that to Czech Republic. When it does, I will support changing the Wikipedia usage. Ground Zero | t 15:20, 30 December 2016 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Armond Rizzo

The article Armond Rizzo has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern:
 * Fails PORNBIO and the GNG. No qualifying awards, just low-grade nominations. Atrocious BLP-violaing text whose only sources are award nomination announcements and a press release. Sadly not quite eligible to be speedied.

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. The Big Bad Wolfowitz (aka Hullaballoo). Treated like dirt by many administrators since 2006.   (talk) 23:40, 18 January 2017 (UTC)

New Wikiproject!
Hello, Ground Zero! I saw you recently edited a page related to the Green party and green politics. There is a new WikiProject that has been formed - WikiProject Green Politics and I thought this might be something you'd be interested in joining! So please head on over to the project page and take a look! Thanks for your time.

Me-123567-Me (talk) 18:22, 22 January 2017 (UTC)

Administrators' newsletter - February 2017
News and updates for administrators from the past month (January 2017). This first issue is being sent out to all administrators, if you wish to keep receiving it please subscribe. Your feedback is welcomed.

Administrator changes
 * Gnome-colors-list-add.svg NinjaRobotPirate • Schwede66 • K6ka • Ealdgyth • Ferret • Cyberpower678 • Mz7 • Primefac • Dodger67
 * Gnome-colors-list-remove.svg Briangotts • JeremyA • BU Rob13

Guideline and policy news
 * A discussion to workshop proposals to amend the administrator inactivity policy at Wikipedia talk:Administrators has been in process since late December 2016.
 * Pending changes/Request for Comment 2016 closed with no consensus for implementing Pending changes level 2 with new criteria for use.
 * Following an RfC, an activity requirement is now in place for bots and bot operators.

Technical news
 * When performing some administrative actions the reason field briefly gave suggestions as text was typed. This change has since been reverted so that issues with the implementation can be addressed. (T34950)
 * Following the latest RfC concluding that Pending Changes 2 should not be used on the English Wikipedia, an RfC closed with consensus to remove the options for using it from the page protection interface, a change which has now been made. (T156448)
 * The Foundation has announced a new community health initiative to combat harassment. This should bring numerous improvements to tools for admins and CheckUsers in 2017.

Arbitration
 * The Arbitration Committee released a response to the Wikimedia Foundation's statement on paid editing and outing.

Obituaries
 * JohnCD (John Cameron Deas) passed away on 30 December 2016. John began editing Wikipedia seriously during 2007 and became an administrator in November 2009.

Discuss this newsletter • Subscribe • Archive

13:37, 1 February 2017 (UTC)

gumtree
the ip has not been warned - but it is close to third re-post of non encyclopediac material JarrahTree 12:11, 15 March 2017 (UTC)

Consumers Distributing
Ha!. I considered making that same edit but I thought I'd give him a chance to find a usable ref first. He's already at Sockpuppet investigations/Conhui so it's not going to make much difference. I'm not even sure if the short-lived 2013 reincarnation even belong sin this article. I think it's more of a case of a former employee taking over a defunct name. Anyways, glad to have another set of eyes on it. Meters (talk) 20:07, 4 July 2017 (UTC)
 * It looked to me like he had added some text and added the "CN" tag to it himself, as if to say, "someone else should look this up for me". I could be wrong. But it looks like a conflict of interest situation (user name: Cdist07), so I think a firm hand is needed here. I'll keep my eyes on it too. Ground Zero | t 20:20, 4 July 2017 (UTC)
 * To be fair, one of the CNs had been there from 2012, and the other one I jsut added because I had removed the YouTube video he was trying to use as a ref. I've raised WP:YOUTUBE on the article's talkpage. Meters (talk) 20:36, 4 July 2017 (UTC)

Category:Wikipedians who like NationStates
Hey! Based on your edits to NationStates, I thought maybe you would be interested that I started a series of userboxes for the game. Feel free to add any or add your own!- 🐦Do☭torWho42 ( ⭐ ) 06:36, 16 December 2017 (UTC)

Seasons' Greetings
...to you and yours, from the Great White North! FWiW Bzuk (talk) 04:53, 24 December 2017 (UTC)

A barnstar for you!
Why, thank-you! Ground Zero | t 19:34, 12 June 2018 (UTC)

Nomination of Kawartha Credit Union for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Kawartha Credit Union is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Kawartha Credit Union until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Drmies (talk) 01:38, 22 June 2018 (UTC)

Changing Czech Republic to Czechia.
Per this edit, what should the reaction be? I reverted it first, then undid my edit due to my unsure thinking. The links don't need to be changed, they were fine as is, and this is a controversial edit, I feel, per the current consensus on changing Czech Republic to Czechia, being that it should be automatically reverted. This user is aware of this, and has been involved in discussuons on this, yet did not use an edit summary, and marked the edit as minor. I'm confused on what the thinking is on edits like these and how to proceed. - R9tgokunks   ⭕  04:44, 29 December 2018 (UTC)

January 2019
Hi, and thank you for your contributions to Wikipedia. It appears that you tried to give Toronto Vote 2000 a different title by copying its content and pasting either the same content, or an edited version of it, into 2000 Toronto municipal election. This is known as a "cut-and-paste move", and it is undesirable because it splits the page history, which is legally required for attribution. Instead, the software used by Wikipedia has a feature that allows pages to be moved to a new title together with their edit history.

In most cases, once your account is four days old and has ten edits, you should be able to move an article yourself using the "Move" tab at the top of the page (the tab may be hidden in a dropdown menu for you). This both preserves the page history intact and automatically creates a redirect from the old title to the new. If you cannot perform a particular page move yourself this way (e.g. because a page already exists at the target title), please follow the instructions at requested moves to have it moved by someone else. Also, if there are any other pages that you moved by copying and pasting, even if it was a long time ago, please list them at Requests for history merge. Thank you. Bsherr (talk) 02:11, 30 January 2019 (UTC)
 * That was 14 years ago tomorrow. I have learned a few thinks about editing in Wikipedia since then. Ground Zero | t 03:36, 30 January 2019 (UTC)

ArbCom 2019 special circular

This message was sent to all administrators following a recent motion. Thank you for your attention. For the Arbitration Committee, Cameron11598 02:25, 4 May 2019 (UTC)

Administrator account security (Correction to Arbcom 2019 special circular)
ArbCom would like to apologise and correct our previous mass message in light of the response from the community.

Since November 2018, six administrator accounts have been compromised and temporarily desysopped. In an effort to help improve account security, our intention was to remind administrators of existing policies on account security — that they are required to "have strong passwords and follow appropriate personal security practices." We have updated our procedures to ensure that we enforce these policies more strictly in the future. The policies themselves have not changed. In particular, two-factor authentication remains an optional means of adding extra security to your account. The choice not to enable 2FA will not be considered when deciding to restore sysop privileges to administrator accounts that were compromised.

We are sorry for the wording of our previous message, which did not accurately convey this, and deeply regret the tone in which it was delivered.

For the Arbitration Committee, -Cameron11598 21:03, 4 May 2019 (UTC)

John H. Cox presidential campagin 2008 listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect John H. Cox presidential campagin 2008. Since you had some involvement with the John H. Cox presidential campagin 2008 redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. Dicklyon (talk) 03:29, 28 July 2019 (UTC)

Page Review
I created a page 6 weeks ago. It was rejected a number of times, but was since updated a bunch of times, most recently by a senior editor and is now good to go. It's just awaiting someone to review it. I went to the Admin List to ask someone to take a peek and think your name is pretty cool so thought would ping you to see if you're able to assist. If so, it's Draft:Lightricks MaskedSinger (talk) 15:40, 1 September 2019 (UTC)

Proposed merge of No Frills Supermarkets into SpartanNash
Hi Ground Zero! Since you were the creator of the No Frills Supermarkets article, just giving you a note that a merge discussion is currently underway regarding it. With only three locations and a few sources, the article does not meet notability guidelines. The small amount of content in the lead can be merged into the article relating to its parent company, SpartanNash. I'll leave this deletion discussion open for one week (until 9 January 2020). Please post any comments or concerns on Talk:SpartanNash. Have a great day! Daylen (talk) 22:28, 2 January 2020 (UTC)

Proposed merger of Kitchener—Waterloo (electoral district) to Waterloo (electoral district)
Hello! Because you were a major contributor to both articles, I would just like to let you know that I've opened a discussion about merging both articles (I find the districts too similar for seperate articles). Username6892 15:52, 26 April 2020 (UTC)
 * I am also proposing merging Gatineau (electoral district) with Gatineau—La Lievre for the same reason, please discuss here. Username6892 16:48, 21 May 2020 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of British Columbia Citizens Alliance Now

The article British Columbia Citizens Alliance Now has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Non notable political party."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Psiĥedelisto (talk • contribs) please always ping! 12:56, 2 July 2020 (UTC)

Happy Adminship Anniversary!
 Happy Adminship Anniversary! Have a very Zero happy adminship anniversary on your special day!

Best wishes, CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 05:33, 20 August 2020 (UTC)

Happy Adminship Anniversary!
 '''Wishing Ground Zero a very Zero happy adminship anniversary on behalf of the Birthday Committee! Best wishes!' Megan Barris   (Lets talk📧)''  07:21, 20 August 2020 (UTC)

Today's Wikipedian 10 years ago
Good wishes on my talk. --Gerda Arendt (talk) 08:52, 24 December 2020 (UTC)

Sources on Ontario election articles?
Hey, I was looking through some unreferenced articles and it looks like you've created many of them, such as 1911 Ontario general election, 1919 Ontario general election, etc (as ). Do you have any idea where you got this data from, when you created the articles? I've been unable to find good sources on the subject. Elliot321 (talk | contribs) 05:20, 3 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Elliot321 That was 15 years ago now, when Wikipedia was much less fussy about requiring references to reliable sources, so unfortunately I did not include the source. I expect that the information came from Elections Ontario, but they have reconfigured their website, so the information may no longer be available in the same format. Ground Zero | t 06:02, 3 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Thanks! I've managed to find the info on that site and added the relevant refs to the articles. Nice to see so many unreferenced tags disappear after so long, eh? Elliot321 (talk | contribs) 06:27, 3 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Good work! And happy new year. Ground Zero | t 06:29, 3 January 2021 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Parti conscience universelle

The article Parti conscience universelle has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "No demonstrated notability. Short-lived political party (FR wiki page shows it's defunct) that never ran any candidates."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. — Kawnhr (talk) 23:56, 15 January 2021 (UTC)

Nomination of Dominion Automobile Association for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Dominion Automobile Association is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Dominion Automobile Association until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. JayJayWhat did I do? 03:30, 24 January 2021 (UTC)

Nomination of Parti conscience universelle for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Parti conscience universelle is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Parti conscience universelle until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article.  Seagull123 <b style="color:#304747"> Φ </b> 21:55, 24 January 2021 (UTC)

Happy First Edit Day!
<div class="boilerplate metadata" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; border: 1px solid #7D00B3; margin: 0.5em auto; padding: 0.5em; width:90%; text-align: center"> Happy First Edit Day! Have a very happy first edit anniversary!

From the Birthday Committee, CAPTAIN RAJU (T) 19:23, 8 April 2021 (UTC)

Potential threat?
I am here to give you a heads up on an potential threat, on the article for Omar Mateen there was a pending revision by the IP address 38.142.176.26 stating this: "(OPENLY DEGRADING AN AMERICAN CITIZEN OF MUSLIM FAITH BY STATING HOMESEXUAL TENDENCIES AND ACTS, COMPLETELY UNTRUE AND PATHETIC. CHANGE THIS IMMEDIATELY OR I WILL ATTACK WIKI AND DELETE ALL FILES.)". I am sure that this threat by the user is empty but I thought that I should go ahead and alert an admin either way just incase. Discount Horde (talk) 14:56, 28 April 2021 (UTC)

"CIA activities by region: Near East, North Africa, South and Southwest Asia" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect CIA activities by region: Near East, North Africa, South and Southwest Asia. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 August 1 until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. –<b style="color:#77b">Laundry</b><b style="color:#fb0">Pizza</b><b style="color:#b00">03</b> ( d c̄ ) 01:19, 1 August 2021 (UTC)

Administrators will no longer be autopatrolled
A recently closed Request for Comment (RFC) reached consensus to remove Autopatrolled from the administrator user group. You may, similarly as with Edit Filter Manager, choose to self-assign this permission to yourself. This will be implemented the week of December 13th, but if you wish to self-assign you may do so now. To find out when the change has gone live or if you have any questions please visit the Administrator's Noticeboard. 20:06, 7 December 2021 (UTC)

How we will see unregistered users
Hi!

You get this message because you are an admin on a Wikimedia wiki.

When someone edits a Wikimedia wiki without being logged in today, we show their IP address. As you may already know, we will not be able to do this in the future. This is a decision by the Wikimedia Foundation Legal department, because norms and regulations for privacy online have changed.

Instead of the IP we will show a masked identity. You as an admin will still be able to access the IP. There will also be a new user right for those who need to see the full IPs of unregistered users to fight vandalism, harassment and spam without being admins. Patrollers will also see part of the IP even without this user right. We are also working on better tools to help.

If you have not seen it before, you can read more on Meta. If you want to make sure you don’t miss technical changes on the Wikimedia wikis, you can subscribe to the weekly technical newsletter.

We have two suggested ways this identity could work. We would appreciate your feedback on which way you think would work best for you and your wiki, now and in the future. You can let us know on the talk page. You can write in your language. The suggestions were posted in October and we will decide after 17 January.

Thank you. /Johan (WMF)

18:13, 4 January 2022 (UTC)

Seventeenth Anniversary on Wikipedia!
<div class="boilerplate metadata" style="background-color:#E6E6FA; border: 1px solid #7D00B3; margin: 0.5em auto; padding: 0.5em; width:90%; text-align: center"> Happy First Edit Day! Have a very happy first edit anniversary!

From the Birthday Committee, Chris Troutman  ( talk ) 14:32, 8 April 2022 (UTC)

Happy First Edit Day!
𝕸𝖗 𝕽𝖊𝖆𝖉𝖎𝖓𝖌 𝕿𝖚𝖗𝖙𝖑𝖊 (talk) 20:50, 8 April 2022 (UTC)

New administrator activity requirement
22:52, 15 April 2022 (UTC)

Happy Seventeenth Adminship Anniversary!

 * This is a very notable milestone, you should be proud of the work you've accomplished on wiki. We don't often get told so, but it's important to do what we do, allowing knowledge to spread into the world. Oaktree b (talk) 20:06, 30 September 2022 (UTC)

ArbCom 2022 Elections voter message
<div class="ivmbox " style="margin-bottom: 1em; border: 1px solid #AAA; background-color: ivory; padding: 0.5em; display: flex; align-items: center; "> Hello! Voting in the 2022 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2022 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:27, 29 November 2022 (UTC)

Happy New Year, Ground Zero!
<div style="border: 3px solid #FFD700; background-color: #FFFAF0; padding:0.2em 0.4em; height:auto; min-height:173px; border-radius:1em; box-shadow: 0.1em 0.1em 0.5em rgba(0,0,0,0.75);" class="plainlinks">

Happy New Year! Ground Zero, Have a prosperous, productive and enjoyable New Year, and thanks for your contributions to Wikipedia.

— Moops  ⋠ T ⋡ 02:31, 2 January 2023 (UTC)

Send New Year cheer by adding {{subst:Happy New Year fireworks}} to user talk pages.

— Moops  ⋠ T ⋡ 02:31, 2 January 2023 (UTC)

Nomination for deletion of Template:LegSeats2
Template:LegSeats2 has been nominated for deletion. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the entry on the Templates for discussion page. – Jonesey95 (talk) 17:03, 24 July 2023 (UTC)

ArbCom 2023 Elections voter message
<div class="ivmbox " style="margin-bottom: 1em; border: 1px solid #AAA; background-color: ivory; padding: 0.5em; display: flex; align-items: center; "> Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2023 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:22, 28 November 2023 (UTC)

Revision deletion
Hello, I hope you’re doing well.

I have become a frequent editor on WP and have written several articles, but I do not have administrator rights. Yesterday I came across the edit history of Jeff Rupert and found some past edits that appeared defamatory in nature. Although they were reverted for the current revision of the article, they are still relatively accessible and contain content that highly personal and targeting in nature. SHB said that you have admin rights, so I wondered if you could delete all the revisions of that article by Rupertlover123. Thanks! --Comment by <b style="color:#14866d">Selfie City</b> ( talk about my  contributions ) 11:51, 3 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Done. Ground Zero | t 12:14, 3 April 2024 (UTC)
 * Thanks! I really appreciate it. --Comment by <b style="color:#14866d">Selfie City</b> ( talk about my  contributions ) 20:03, 3 April 2024 (UTC)

Always precious
Ten years ago, you were found precious. That's what you are, always. --Gerda Arendt (talk) 07:22, 19 June 2024 (UTC)

Nomination of Radical chrétien for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Radical chrétien is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Radical chrétien until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines. Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. Helpful Raccoon (talk) 20:52, 10 July 2024 (UTC)

Twinkle notifications
For some reason Twinkle's auto-generated notifications are being put in User talk:Ground Zero/Archive 2. Do you know why that's happening? Helpful Raccoon (talk) 21:15, 10 July 2024 (UTC)

 * I don't know what Twinkle is. I don't see any notifications in that archive. Ground Zero | t 01:24, 13 July 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ground Zero


text:
Pontifical Croatian College of St. Jerome

The Pontifical Croatian College of St. Jerome (Papinski hrvatski zavod svetog Jeronima; Pontificio Collegio Croato Di San Girolamo a Roma; Pontificium Collegium Croaticum Sancti Hieronymi) is a Catholic college, church and a society in the city of Rome intended for the schooling of South Slav clerics. It is named after Saint Jerome. Since the founding of the modern college in 1901, it has schooled 311 clerics from all bishoprics of Croatia.

History
In his apostolic letter, Piis fidelium votis, dated 21 March 1453, Pope Nicholas V granted the decrepit church of St. Marina the Martyr and its precincts to a brotherhood of "Ilyrian" (South Slav) priests on the Borgo San Pietro in Rome. At this location, next to the Mausoleum of Augustus on the left bank of the Tiber, they built a guest house and a hospital, and re-dedicated the institutions to Saint Jerome, a native of Dalmatia. The place became a refuge for Croatian refugees fleeing from the Ottomans in the 15th century. The brotherhood was renamed Congregatio or "Society of St. Jerome" in 1544, and Pope Paul III sanctioned its bylaws.

In 1582, the Society financed the publication of Aleksandar Komulović's work Nauch Charstianschiza Slovignschi narod, v vlaasti iazich ("Christian Doctrine for the Slavic People in Their Own Language").

In 1598, Pope Clement VIII gave permission for the hospice by the church to be transformed into a clerical college, but this did not actually happen until two centuries later, when, on 27 February 1790 Pope Pius VI opened a seminary for men who previously used the services of the St. Jerome Capitol. But even then, the seminary functioned only for brief periods without interruption: 1793–98, 1863–71, and finally 1884–1901, after which point the Chapter (of Canons) was abolished. According to historian Natko Nodilo, the Illyrian Academy in Rome was established to better prepare missionaries for the conversion of Eastern Orthodox Serbs.

At the end of the Second World War and in the immediate post-war period, the College was a prominent node in the "ratlines" used to extract Nazi and Ustaša members to Spain and South America. In February 1947, CIC Special Agent Robert Clayton Mudd reported ten members of Pavelić's Ustaša cabinet living either in San Girolamo or in the Vatican itself. Mudd had infiltrated an agent into the monastery and confirmed that it was "honeycombed with cells of Ustashe operatives" guarded by "armed youths". Mudd reported:

"It was further established that these Croats travel back and forth from the Vatican several times a week in a car with a chauffeur whose license plate bears the two initials CD, "Corpo Diplomatico". It issues forth from the Vatican and discharges its passengers inside the Monastery of San Geronimo. Subject to diplomatic immunity it is impossible to stop the car and discover who are its passengers."

Various precious works by Meštrović are kept in the College such as the Pietà, the bas-relief of St. Jerome, the bas-relief of SistoV, the bust of Pius XII, the sketch for the bas-relief of the "Madonna mediatrix of all graces" as well as numerous letters.

Church of San Girolamo
Pope Pius V raised the Church of San Girolamo to the status of a Cardinal titular church, whose designee served as Cardinal-protector of the Society of St. Jerome. On 20 November 1570, Felice Cardinal Peretti of Montalto became Cardinal-protector, and retained this position until 24 March 1585 when he became Pope Sixtus V.

Sixtus V rebuilt the Church of Saint Jerome (finished 1589), to be used specifically for the people who spoke the Illyrian language, referring to Slavs from the eastern Adriatic, Dalmatia and Boka Kotorska. In the papal bull Sapientiam Sanctorum of 1 August 1589, he established the Capitol, a cathedral chapter of eleven Slavonic clerics who came to study in Rome. He named Aleksandar Komulović (1548–1608) from Split the first arch-priest. Between the Capitol's establishment and its abolition in 1901, more than 120 South Slav priests studied there.

The College was officially founded on 1 August 1901 by Pope Leo XIII. His apostolic letter, Slavorum gentem, called it Collegium Hieronymianum pro Croatica Gente ("Hieronymian College for the Croatian people"), but after diplomatic intervention from the Kingdom of Montenegro, on 7 March 1902, as well as intervention from several prominent aristocratic families of Dubrovnik who funded the College for centuries, both protesting because it schooled Catholic Serb clerics too, it was renamed to Collegium Hieronymianum Illyricorum (Illyrian Hieronymian College; San Girolamo degli Illirici in Italian).

Some Slav priests received scholarships from the society in 1907, and in 1911 several students enrolled at the college, but this again was interrupted in 1915 by the First World War. The College reopened after the war when Italy and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes signed the Treaty of Rome (1924) and acknowledged the clerical institution under the breve Slavorum gentem. A rebuilding of the college's facilities ensued between 28 May 1938 and 10 December 1939, when six existing buildings were razed to make way for new ones. The college has functioned without interruption ever since. By a decree of Pope Paul VI, dated 22 July 1971, the college was renamed Pontificium Collegium Chroaticum Sancti Hieronymi (Pontifical Croatian College of St. Jerome).

Various precious works by Ivan Meštrović are kept in the College such as a copy of his Pietà, the bas-reliefs of St. Jerome and of SistoV (1942), the bust of Pius XII, the sketch for the bas-relief of the "Madonna mediatrix of all graces" as well as numerous letters.

After World War II, noted Croatian painter Jozo Kljaković was a political émigré and had an atelier there.

In November 2018, Croatian Parliament Speaker Gordan Jandroković visited the College. Jandroković said that the Pontifical Croatian College of St. Jerome had a great spiritual and cultural meaning for the entire Croatian people. In August 2019, Rector Bože Radoš was appointed bishop of Varaždin, Croatia.

In 2020, sculptor Margareta Krstić donated to the College, a nativity scene with figures dressed in typical Croatian folk costume.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
User:Socreins

Hailing from Boston, MA, my edits are my contribution to making this Encyclopedia all that it can be.

I like pizza.

title: User:Socreins


text:
Cheick Oumar Sissoko

Cheick Oumar Sissoko (born 1945 in San, Mali) is a Malian film director and politician.

Biography
As a student in Paris, Cheick Oumar Sissoko obtained a DEA in African History and Sociology and a diploma in History and Cinema from the Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales. He then continued his studies in cinema at the Ecole nationale Louis Lumière.

On his return to Mali, he took up directing at the Centre National de la Production C inématographique (CNPC), where he directed Sécheresse et Exode rural ("Drought and Rural Exodus").

In 1995, he directed Guimba (The Tyrant), which won special jury prizes at the International Film Festival of Locarno, and l'Etalon de Yennenga ("Stallion of Yennenga") at FESPACO (the Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou).

In 1999, La Genèse (Genesis) was released, which won Sissoko another Etalon de Yennenga at FESPACO. In 2000, he directed Battù, based on a novel by Aminata Sow Fall which won him the RFI Prize for Cinema at Fespaco in 2001.

He has created a production company called Kora Film.

Sissoko and Oumar Mariko founded a political party, African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence (SADI), in 1996. Sissoko is the party's president. He was nominated as the Minister of Culture in the government of Prime Minister Ahmed Mohamed Ag Hamani on 16 October 2002 and remained Minister of Culture in the government of Prime Minister Issoufi Ousmane Maïga, which was named on May 2, 2004. On August 8, 2007, following the death of Minister of National Education Mamadou Lamine Traoré in July, Sissoko was named Minister of National Education, while remaining Minister of Culture. He was not included in the government named on October 3, 2007.

Another film that Sissoko created was called "The Garbage Boys". This film tells a bittersweet story about children growing up in Bamako, Mali; it showed them fighting obstacles on a daily basis. The children portrayed in the film were shown having to carry their own desks to school, picking up garbage to make money, play in the streets, learn vices, as well as watch their mothers die in childbirth. The film seemed to have different effects on different populations. Author Manthia Diwara notes in their book that when observing different populations reaction to the film, the wealthier populations that saw the film felt badly for the characters and cried while the poorer populations of Mali laughed because they felt that it was true and that everyone should have to experience it.

The themes of the film, "The Garbage Boys" is in accordance with Sissoko's personal views in terms of promoting diversity and understanding. In an interview at the Festival au Desert as the Minister of Culture he states: I believe my most important task is safeguarding the cohesion between the various ethnic groups in Mali. One of the available instruments is subsidising festivals like this one... The differences date from many centuries ago. We must welcome those differences and show respect for one another. We do that rather well because the people of Mali are extremely hospitable and socially oriented. The festivals have an important meeting function, and work very well.

In 1999, Sissoko was honoured with a Prince Claus Award from the Prince Claus Fund, an international culture and development organisation based in Amsterdam.

Filmography

 * L'Ecole malienne (1982)
 * Les Audiothèques rurales (1983)
 * Sécheresse et exode rural (1984)
 * Nyamanton, la leçon des ordures (1986)
 * Finzan (1990)
 * Etre jeune à Bamako (1992)
 * L'Afrique bouge (1992)
 * Problématique de la malnutrition (1993)
 * Guimba, un tyrant, une époque (English: Guimba the Tyrant) (1995)
 * La Genèse (1999)
 * Battù (2000)

title: Cheick Oumar Sissoko


text:
Cyathea

Cyathea is a genus of tree ferns, the type genus of the fern order Cyatheales.

The genus name Cyathea is derived from the Greek kyatheion, meaning "little cup", and refers to the cup-shaped sori on the underside of the fronds.

Description
The species of Cyathea are mostly terrestrial ferns, usually with a single tall stem. Rarely, the trunk may be branched or creeping. Many species also develop a fibrous mass of roots at the base of the trunk.

The genus has a pantropical distribution, with over 470 species. They grow in habitats ranging from tropical rain forests to temperate woodlands.

Classification
Conant et al. in 1996, concluded on molecular cpDNA and morphological evidence that a system of three clades – Alsophila, Cyathea and Sphaeropteris was the most accurate reflection of evolutionary lineages within the Cyatheaceae, Alsophila being the most basal and Cyathea and Sphaeropteris derived sister groups. In the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), these are accepted as separate genera, Alsophila, Cyathea and Sphaeropteris. Cnemidaria Presl, 1836 is a junior synonym or redundant subset.

Species
, World Ferns (Version 12.3) accepted the following species:

 * Cyathea abbreviata I.Fernald
 * Cyathea abrapatriciana Lehnert & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea acantha (Sehnem) Lehnert
 * Cyathea acutidens (Christ) Domin
 * Cyathea aemula Lehnert
 * Cyathea affinis (G.Forst.) Sw.
 * Cyathea akawaiorum P.J.Edwards
 * Cyathea alata (E.Fourn.) Copel.
 * Cyathea alatissima (Stolze) Lehnert
 * Cyathea alfonsiana L.D.Gómez
 * Cyathea alsophiloides S.Maciel & Lehnert
 * Cyathea alstonii R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea amabilis (C.V.Morton) Lehnert
 * Cyathea andaquiensis Lehnert, F.Giraldo & W.Rodríguez
 * Cyathea andicola Domin
 * Cyathea andina (H.Karst.) Domin
 * Cyathea angelica A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea antioquensis A.Rojas
 * Cyathea arborea (L.) Sm.
 * Cyathea aristata Domin
 * Cyathea armata (Sw.) Domin
 * Cyathea arnecornelii Lehnert
 * Cyathea ars Lehnert
 * Cyathea aspera (L.) Sw.
 * Cyathea asplenioides (A.C.Sm.) Christenh.
 * Cyathea assurgens R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea atahuallpa (R.M.Tryon) Lellinger
 * Cyathea aterrima (Hook.) Domin
 * Cyathea atrocastanea Labiak & F.B.Matos
 * Cyathea atrovirens (Langsd. & Fisch.) Domin
 * Cyathea aurea Klotzsch
 * Cyathea austroamericana Domin
 * Cyathea austropallescens Lehnert
 * Cyathea axillaris (Raddi) Lellinger
 * Cyathea azuayensis Sodiro
 * Cyathea barringtonii A.R.Sm. ex Lellinger
 * Cyathea bella (Rchb.fil. ex Mett.) Domin
 * Cyathea bettinae Lehnert
 * Cyathea bicrenata Liebm.
 * Cyathea biliranensis Copel.
 * Cyathea bipinnata (R.M.Tryon) R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea bipinnatifida (Baker) Domin
 * Cyathea boconensis H.Karst.
 * Cyathea borinquena (Maxon) Domin
 * Cyathea boryana (Kuhn) Domin
 * Cyathea bradei (P.G.Windisch) Lellinger
 * Cyathea brucei Lehnert
 * Cyathea brunnescens (Barrington) R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea calamitatis Lehnert
 * Cyathea callejasii Lehnert, F.Giraldo & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea caracasana (Klotzsch) Domin
 * Cyathea cardenasii Lehnert, F.Giraldo & W.Rodríguez
 * Cyathea carolihenrici Lehnert
 * Cyathea carolinae A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea catacampta Alston
 * Cyathea catenata Lehnert, F.Giraldo & W.Rodríguez
 * Cyathea cervantesiana A.Rojas
 * Cyathea chimaera Lehnert & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea chimborazensis (Hook.) Hieron.
 * Cyathea chiricana (Maxon) Domin
 * Cyathea chocoensis (Stolze) Lehnert
 * Cyathea chontilla Lehnert
 * Cyathea choricarpa (Maxon) Domin
 * Cyathea cicatricosa Holttum
 * Cyathea cisandina A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea clandestina Lehnert, F.Giraldo & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea cnemidaria Lehnert
 * Cyathea cocleana (Stolze) Lehnert
 * Cyathea coloradoana Lehnert, F.Giraldo & W.Rodríguez
 * Cyathea concinna (Baker) Jenman
 * Cyathea concordia B.León & R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea conformis (R.M.Tryon) Stolze
 * Cyathea conjugata (Spruce ex Hook.) Domin
 * Cyathea conquisita Jenman
 * Cyathea consimilis (Stolze) Lehnert
 * Cyathea convergens Lehnert
 * Cyathea corallifera Sodiro
 * Cyathea corcovadensis (Raddi) Domin
 * Cyathea costaricensis (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin
 * Cyathea croftii Holttum
 * Cyathea cruciata (Desv.) Lehnert
 * Cyathea ctenitoides (Lellinger) Christenh.
 * Cyathea cumingii Baker
 * Cyathea cyatheoides (Desv.) K.U.Kramer
 * Cyathea cyclodium (R.M.Tryon) Lellinger
 * Cyathea cylindrica S.Maciel & Lehnert
 * Cyathea cystolepis Sodiro
 * Cyathea darienensis R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea decomposita (H.Karst.) Domin
 * Cyathea decorata (Maxon) R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea decurrens (Hook.) Copel.
 * Cyathea decurrentiloba Domin
 * Cyathea dejecta (Baker) Christenh.
 * Cyathea delgadii Pohl ex Sternb.
 * Cyathea demissa (C.V.Morton) A.R.Sm. ex Lellinger
 * Cyathea diabolica Lehnert
 * Cyathea dichromatolepis (Fée) Domin
 * Cyathea dintelmannii Lehnert
 * Cyathea dissimilis (C.V.Morton) Stolze
 * Cyathea dissoluta Baker
 * Cyathea divergens Kunze
 * Cyathea dombeyi (Desv.) Lellinger
 * Cyathea dudleyi R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea dyeri Sodiro
 * Cyathea ebenina H.Karst.
 * Cyathea eggersii Hieron.
 * Cyathea elliottii Domin
 * Cyathea epaleata (Holttum) Holttum
 * Cyathea estelae (Riba) Proctor
 * Cyathea estevesorum A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea ewanii Alston
 * Cyathea falcata (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin
 * Cyathea feeana (C.Chr.) Domin
 * Cyathea flava (R.M.Tryon) Christenh.
 * Cyathea frigida (H.Karst.) Domin
 * Cyathea fulva (M.Martens & Galeotti) Fée
 * Cyathea gibbosa (Klotzsch) Domin
 * Cyathea giraldoi A.Tejedor, G.Calat., Lehnert, W.D.Rodr. & M.Kessler
 * Cyathea glandulifera Lehnert
 * Cyathea glaziovii Domin
 * Cyathea godmanii (Hook.) Domin
 * Cyathea gracilis Griseb.
 * Cyathea grandifolia Willd.
 * Cyathea grantii Copel.
 * Cyathea grata Domin
 * Cyathea gratissima A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea grayumii A.Rojas
 * Cyathea guentheriana Lehnert
 * Cyathea harrisii Underw.
 * Cyathea haughtii (Maxon) R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea hemiepiphytica R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea herzogii Rosenst.
 * Cyathea hierbabuena A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea hirsuta C.Presl
 * Cyathea hirsutissima (Fée) Domin
 * Cyathea hodgeana Proctor
 * Cyathea holdridgeana Nisman & L.D.Gómez
 * Cyathea horrida (L.) Sm.
 * Cyathea howeana Domin
 * Cyathea hymenophylloides (L.D.Gómez) Christenh.
 * Cyathea iheringii (Rosenst.) Domin
 * Cyathea impar R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea incognita (Lellinger) Christenh.
 * Cyathea indefinita S.Maciel & J.Prado
 * Cyathea jacobsii Holttum
 * Cyathea jamaicensis Jenman
 * Cyathea kalbreyeri (Baker) Domin
 * Cyathea karsteniana (Klotzsch) Domin
 * Cyathea kessleriana Lehnert, F.Giraldo & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea lasiosora (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin
 * Cyathea latevagans (Baker) Domin
 * Cyathea lechleri Mett.
 * Cyathea lehnertii A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea lellingeriana S.Maciel & J.Prado
 * Cyathea leoniae M.E.Acuña & Huamán
 * Cyathea leucofolis Domin
 * Cyathea leucolepismata Alston
 * Cyathea liesneri A.R.Sm.
 * Cyathea lindeniana C.Presl
 * Cyathea lindigii (Baker) Domin
 * Cyathea longipetiolulata A.Rojas & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea macrocarpa (C.Presl) Domin
 * Cyathea macrosora (Baker) Domin
 * Cyathea margarita Lehnert
 * Cyathea marginalis (Klotzsch) Domin
 * Cyathea mexiae Copel.
 * Cyathea microdonta (Desv.) Domin
 * Cyathea microphylla Mett.
 * Cyathea microphyllodes Domin
 * Cyathea miersii (Hook.) Domin
 * Cyathea minima S.Maciel & J.Prado
 * Cyathea minuta J.Murillo & M.T.Murillo
 * Cyathea monteagudoi A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea moranii Lehnert
 * Cyathea mucilagina R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea multiflora Sm.
 * Cyathea multisegmenta R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea mutica (Christ) Domin
 * Cyathea myriotricha (Baker) R.C.Moran & J.Prado
 * Cyathea nanna (Barrington) Lellinger
 * Cyathea neblinae A.R.Sm.
 * Cyathea nephele Lehnert
 * Cyathea nervosa (Maxon) Lehnert
 * Cyathea nesiotica (Maxon) Domin
 * Cyathea nigripes (C.Presl) Domin
 * Cyathea nodulifera R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea notabilis Domin
 * Cyathea novoi A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea oblonga (Klotzsch) Domin
 * Cyathea obnoxia Lehnert
 * Cyathea obtusa (Kaulf.) Domin
 * Cyathea oreopteroides Lehnert & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea oscarorum A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea pacis F.Giraldo, W.Rodríguez & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea palaciosii R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea pallescens (Sodiro) Domin
 * Cyathea parvifolia Sodiro
 * Cyathea parvula (Jenman) Proctor
 * Cyathea patens hort. ex Houlston & Moore
 * Cyathea pauciflora (Kuhn) Lellinger
 * Cyathea paucifolia (Baker) Domin
 * Cyathea peladensis (Hieron.) Domin
 * Cyathea pendula Jenman
 * Cyathea petiolata (Hook.) R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea phalaenolepis (C.Chr.) Domin Domin
 * Cyathea phalerata Mart.
 * Cyathea phegopteroides (Hook.) Domin
 * Cyathea phoenix A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea pholidota Lehnert, F.Giraldo & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea pibyae A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea pilosissima (Baker) Domin
 * Cyathea pilozana M.T. & J.Murillo
 * Cyathea pinnula (Christ) R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea planadae Arens & A.R.Sm.
 * Cyathea platylepis (Hook.) Domin
 * Cyathea plicata Lehnert
 * Cyathea poeppigii (Hook.) Domin
 * Cyathea polliculi Lehnert
 * Cyathea povedae A.Rojas
 * Cyathea praeceps A.R.Sm.
 * Cyathea praecincta (Kunze) Domin
 * Cyathea praetermissa Lehnert
 * Cyathea pseudoctenitoides S.Maciel & J.Prado
 * Cyathea pseudonanna (L.D.Gómez) Lellinger
 * Cyathea puberula Sodiro
 * Cyathea punctata R.C.Moran & B.Øllg.
 * Cyathea pungens (Willd.) Domin
 * Cyathea recondita A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea rengifoi Lehnert, F.Giraldo & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea retanae A.Rojas
 * Cyathea robertsiana (F.Muell.) Domin
 * Cyathea rocioae A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea rodriguezii Lehnert & F.Giraldo
 * Cyathea rojasiana Lehnert
 * Cyathea roraimensis (Domin) Domin
 * Cyathea rufa (Fée) Lellinger
 * Cyathea rufescens (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin
 * Cyathea ruiziana Klotzsch
 * Cyathea ruttenbergiae A.Tejedor & F.Areces
 * Cyathea sagittifolia (Hook.) Domin
 * Cyathea scabra Baker
 * Cyathea schiedeana (C.Presl) Domin
 * Cyathea schlimii (Kuhn) Domin
 * Cyathea serpens (R.M.Tryon) Lehnert
 * Cyathea setchellii Copel.
 * Cyathea simplex R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea singularis (Stolze) Lehnert
 * Cyathea sipapoensis (R.M.Tryon) Lellinger
 * Cyathea sledgei Ranil, Pushpak. & Fraser-Jenk.
 * Cyathea speciosa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
 * Cyathea spectabilis (Kunze) Domin
 * Cyathea squamata (Klotzsch) Domin
 * Cyathea squamipes H.Karst
 * Cyathea squamulosa (Losch) R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea squarrosa (Rosenst.) Domin
 * Cyathea srilankensis Ranil
 * Cyathea steyermarkii R.M.Tryon
 * Cyathea stokesii (E.D.Br.) N.Hallé & Florence
 * Cyathea stolzeana (L.D.Gómez) Lehnert
 * Cyathea stolzei A.R.Sm. ex Lellinger
 * Cyathea straminea H.Karst.
 * Cyathea strigillosa (Maxon) Domin
 * Cyathea subincisa (Kunze) Domin
 * Cyathea subindusiata Domin
 * Cyathea subtropica Domin
 * Cyathea sunduei Lehnert
 * Cyathea suprapilosa Lehnert
 * Cyathea suprastrigosa (Christ) Maxon
 * Cyathea surinamensis (Miq.) Domin
 * Cyathea sylvatica Lehnert
 * Cyathea tatei S.Maciel, R.Y.Hirai & J.Prado
 * Cyathea tejedoris Lehnert, F.Giraldo & W.Rodríguez
 * Cyathea tenera (J.Sm.) Moore
 * Cyathea tepuiana Christenh.
 * Cyathea thelypteroides A.R.Sm.
 * Cyathea thysanolepis (Barrington) A.R.Sm.
 * Cyathea toroi Lehnert, F.Giraldo & A.Tejedor
 * Cyathea tortuosa R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea traillii (Baker) Domin
 * Cyathea trichomanoides Christenh.
 * Cyathea tryonorum (Riba) Lellinger
 * Cyathea tuerckheimii Maxon
 * Cyathea uleana (A.Samp.) Lehnert
 * Cyathea universitatis (Vareschi) Christenh.
 * Cyathea ursina (Maxon) Lellinger
 * Cyathea valliciergoana A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea varians (R.C.Moran) Lehnert
 * Cyathea vaupensis (P.G.Windisch) Lehnert
 * Cyathea venezuelensis A.R.Sm. ex Lellinger
 * Cyathea vilhelmii Domin
 * Cyathea villosa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
 * Cyathea weatherbyana (C.V.Morton) C.V.Morton
 * Cyathea wendlandii (Mett. ex Kuhn) Domin
 * Cyathea werffii R.C.Moran
 * Cyathea whitmeei Baker
 * Cyathea williamsii (Maxon) Domin
 * Cyathea windischiana A.R.Sm.
 * Cyathea xerica A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea yambrasensis A.Tejedor & G.Calat.
 * Cyathea zongoensis Lehnert

Extinct species

 * †Cyathea cranhamii
 * †Cyathea inequilateralis - Eocene, North American west coast

title: Cyathea


text:
Talk:Bootleg play

Duplicate/contradictory
Someone with a solid knowledge of these things should fix the duplicate and contradictory definitions of bootleg and rollout included in this article. 208.17.208.253 13:11, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bootleg play


text: Category:Malian film directors

title: Category:Malian film directors


text:
Rainsborough Camp

Rainsborough Camp is an Iron Age hillfort in West Northamptonshire, England, between the villages of Croughton, Aynho, and Charlton.

Location and description
There are extensive views to the north-west towards the Cherwell valley; the land is flat to the south-east. The altitude is 145 m.

It is a bivallate fort, roughly oval, and longest from north to south; the area is about 2.6 ha. The interior, having been under cultivation in the past, is featureless. The inner rampart is about 3 m above the enclosed area; the rampart is about 4 m above its external ditch. The outer rampart is up to 1 m high on the south side, 0.5 m on the west and north side, no longer visible on the east side. There are slight traces of a ditch outside the outer rampart on the west side. The original entrance is the slightly inturned gap in the western side; other entrances are later.

The site was landscaped in the late 18th century. The inner bank was made higher and the inner ditch deeper; a dry-stone wall was added to the outer slope of the inner bank: this is visible along much of the rampart.

Excavation
The site was excavated extensively between 1961 and 1965. Several phases of occupation were found. There was pre-fort occupation in the 6th/5th centuries B.C. A bivallate fort was built in the 5th century B.C.: the inner rampart was tiered in three steps at the rear, and the west entrance had stone guardrooms behind the inturned entrances. Occupation continued, with repairs to the defences, until the early 4th century B.C. when the fort was attacked and burnt, and perhaps abandoned.

In the late 2nd century B.C. the fort was refortified: the ramparts had a glacis form, and the entrance was rebuilt. The work was left incomplete and the fort was abandoned. There is evidence of activity in the Roman period, in the late 1st century A.D. and the 3rd to 4th centuries A.D.

title: Rainsborough Camp


text:
Melk District

Bezirk Melk (Central Bavarian: Beziak Möck) is a district of the state of Lower Austria in Austria.

Municipalities
Suburbs, hamlets and other subdivisions of a municipality are indicated in small characters.
 * Artstetten-Pöbring
 * Aichau, Artstetten, Dölla, Fritzelsdorf, Hart, Hasling, Lohsdorf, Nussendorf, Oberndorf, Payerstetten, Pleißing, Pöbring, Schwarzau, Trennegg, Unterbierbaum
 * Bergland
 * Bergland, Gumprechtsberg, Holzing, Landfriedstetten, Plaika, Ratzenberg, Ratzenberg, Wohlfahrtsbrunn
 * Bischofstetten
 * Bischofstetten, Buchgraben, Christenberg, Dörfl, Großa, Grünwies, Haag, Haberg, Hanau, Hintergrub, Mitterschildbach, Neubing, Niederbauern, Oberschildbach, Oberweg, Rametzhofen, Sierning, Strohdorf, Tonach, Unterschildbach, Unterweg, Winkelsdorf, Zauching
 * Blindenmarkt
 * Atzelsdorf, Blindenmarkt, Kottingburgstall, Weitgraben
 * Dorfstetten
 * Forstamt, Wimbergeramt
 * Dunkelsteinerwald
 * Aichberg, Besenbuch, Bichl, Bittersbach, Dürnbach, Eckartsberg, Gansbach, Gerolding, Häusling, Heitzing, Hessendorf, Himberg, Hohenwarth, Kicking, Kochholz, Krapfenberg, Lanzing, Lerchfeld, Lottersberg, Maierhöfen, Mauer bei Melk, Neu-Gerolding, Neuhofen, Nölling, Nonnenhöfen, Oed, Ohnreith, Pfaffing bei Mauer, Pinnenhöfen, Schwaigbichl, Thal, Umbach, Ursprung
 * Emmersdorf an der Donau
 * Emmersdorf an der Donau, Fahnsdorf, Goßam, Grimsing, Hain, Hofamt, Luberegg, Mödelsdorf, Pömling, Rantenberg, Reith, Schallemmersdorf, St. Georgen
 * Erlauf
 * Erlauf, Harlanden, Knocking, Maierhofen, Niederndorf, Ofling, Steinwand, Wolfring
 * Golling an der Erlauf
 * Golling, Hinterleiten, Neuda, Sittenberg
 * Hofamt Priel
 * Hofamt Priel, Rottenberg, Rottenhof, Weins, Ysperdorf
 * Hürm
 * Arnersdorf, Atzing, Diendorf, Grub, Hainberg, Harmersdorf, Hösing, Hürm, Inning, Kronaberg, Löbersdorf, Maxenbach, Mitterradl, Murschratten, Neustift bei Sooß, Oberhaag, Oberradl, Ober-Siegendorf, Ober-Thurnhofen, Pöttendorf, Scharagraben, Schlatzendorf, Seeben, Sooß, Unterhaag, Unter-Siegendorf, Unter-Thurnhofen
 * Kilb
 * Braunöd, Bühren, Dörfl, Dornhof, Feld, Fleischessen, Fohra, Fohrafeld, Freyen, Gartling, Glosbach, Graben, Graben bei Haag, Grub bei Kilb, Guglberg, Hauersdorf, Haxenöd, Heinrichsberg, Hohenbrand, Hummelbach, Kettenreith, Kilb, Kohlenberg, Laach, Maierhöfen, Mallau, Niederhofen, Oberneuberg, Panschach, Petersberg, Rametzberg, Ranzenbach, Ruttersdorf, Schlögelsbach, Schützen, Taubenwang, Teufelsdorf, Umbach, Unterneuberg, Unterschmidbach, Volkersdorf, Waasen bei Kilb, Wiesenöd, Wötzling
 * Kirnberg an der Mank
 * Artlehen, Außerreith, Furth, Innerreith, Kimming, Kirnberg an der Mank, Kroisbach, Maierhöfen, Obergraben, Oed an der Mank, Pöllaberg, Ranitzhof, Sattlehen, Strohhof, Untergraben, Wolfsbach, Wolfsbach, Wolfsmath
 * Klein-Pöchlarn
 * Krummnußbaum
 * Annastift, Diedersdorf, Holzern, Krummnußbaum, Neustift, Wallenbach
 * Leiben
 * Ebersdorf, Kaumberg, Lehen, Leiben, Losau, Mampasberg, Urfahr, Weinzierl, Weitenegg
 * Loosdorf
 * Albrechtsberg an der Pielach, Loosdorf, Neubach, Rohr, Sitzenthal
 * Mank
 * Aichen, Altenhofen, Anzenbach, Bodendorf, Busendorf, Dorna, Fohra, Fritzberg, Gries, Großaigen, Hagberg, Hörgstberg, Hörsdorf, Kälberhart, Kleinaigen, Kleinzell, Lehen, Loipersdorf, Loitsbach, Loitsdorf, Mank, Massendorf, Münichhofen, Nacht, Oberschmidbach, Pichlreit, Pölla, Poppendorf, Ritzenberg, Rührsdorf, Simonsberg, St. Frein, St. Haus, Strannersdorf, Wies, Wolkersdorf
 * Marbach an der Donau
 * Auratsberg, Friesenegg, Granz, Kracking, Krummnußbaum an der Donauuferbahn, Marbach an der Donau, Schaufel
 * Maria Taferl
 * Maria Taferl, Obererla, Oberthalheim, Reitern, Untererla, Unterthalheim, Unterthalheim, Wimm
 * Melk
 * Großpriel, Kollapriel, Melk, Pielach, Pielachberg, Pöverding, Rosenfeld, Schrattenbruck, Spielberg, Winden
 * Münichreith-Laimbach
 * Edelsreith, Eggathon, Gmaining, Kehrbach, Kollnitz, Laimbach am Ostrong, Mayerhofen, Münichreith, Pargatstetten, Rappoltenreith
 * Neumarkt an der Ybbs
 * Kemmelbach, Neumarkt an der Ybbs
 * Nöchling
 * Artneramt, Baumgartenberg, Freigericht, Gulling, Mitterndorf, Niederndorf, Niederndorf, Nöchling
 * Persenbeug-Gottsdorf
 * Gottsdorf, Hagsdorf, Loja, Metzling, Persenbeug
 * Petzenkirchen
 * Pöchlarn
 * Am Rechen, Brunn an der Erlauf, Ornding, Pöchlarn, Rampersdorf, Röhrapoint, Wörth
 * Pöggstall
 * Annagschmais, Arndorf, Aschelberg, Bergern, Brennhof, Bruck am Ostrong, Dietsam, Gerersdorf, Gottsberg, Grub bei Aschelberg, Grub bei Neukirchen am Ostrong, Haag, Krempersbach, Krumling, Laas, Landstetten, Loibersdorf, Muckendorf, Mürfelndorf, Neukirchen am Ostrong, Oberbierbaum, Oberdörfl, Oberhohenau, Oed, Pöggstall, Pömmerstall, Prinzelndorf, Sading, Straßreith, Unterhohenau, Wachtberg, Weinling, Weißpyhra, Würnsdorf, Würnsdorf, Zöbring
 * Raxendorf
 * Afterbach, Braunegg, Eibetsberg, Feistritz, Klebing, Laufenegg, Lehsdorf, Mannersdorf, Moos, Neudorf, Neusiedl am Feldstein, Neusiedl bei Pfaffenhof, Ottenberg, Ottenberg, Pfaffenhof, Pölla, Raxendorf, Robans, Steinbach, Troibetsberg, Walkersdorf, Zehentegg, Zeining, Zogelsdorf
 * Ruprechtshofen
 * Baulanden, Brunnwiesen, Etzen, Fittenberg, Fohregg, Geretzbach, Graben, Grabenegg, Grub, Hofstetten, Hofstetten, Hohentann, Hub, Kagelsberg, Kalcha, Koth, Kronberg, Kühberg, Lasserthal, Lehen, Naspern, Ockert, Oed, Rainberg, Reisenhof, Riegers, Rottenhof, Ruprechtshofen, Schlatten, Simhof, Sinhof, Weghof, Wies, Zinsenhof, Zwerbach
 * Sankt Leonhard am Forst
 * Aichbach, Altenhofen, Apfaltersbach, Au, Brandstatt bei Au, Brandstatt bei Oed, Dangelsbach, Diesendorf, Eisguggen, Eselsteiggraben, Fachelberg, Gassen, Geigenberg, Grillenreith, Grimmegg, Großweichselbach, Grub bei Harbach, Haindorf, Harbach, Haslach, Hochstraß, Hohenreith, Hörgerstall, Hub an der Mank, Kerndl, Kleinweichselbach, Kühberg, Lachau, Lehenleiten, Lunzen, Neusiedl, Oed bei Haslach, Pöllendorf, Pühra, Reith bei Vornholz, Reith bei Weichselbach, Rinn, Ritzenberg, Ritzengrub, Sandeben, Schönbuch, Schweining, Seimetzbach, St. Leonhard am Forst, Steghof, Steinbach, Straß, Thal, Urbach, Vornholz, Wegscheid, Ziegelstadl
 * Sankt Martin-Karlsbach
 * Ennsbach, Hengstberg, Karlsbach, Neuhaus, St. Martin am Ybbsfelde
 * Sankt Oswald
 * Fünflingeramt, Loseneggeramt, St. Oswald, Stiegeramt, Urthaleramt
 * Schollach
 * Anzendorf, Groß-Schollach, Klein-Schollach, Merkendorf, Roggendorf, Schallaburg, Steinparz
 * Schönbühel-Aggsbach
 * Aggsbach-Dorf, Aggstein, Berging, Gschwendt, Hub, Schönbühel an der Donau, Siedelgraben, Wolfstein
 * Texingtal
 * Altendorf, Bach, Fischbach, Großmaierhof, Haberleiten, Hinterberg, Hinterholz, Hinterleiten, Kleinmaierhof, Mühlgraben, Panholz, Plankenstein, Reinöd, Rosenbichl, Schwaighof, Sonnleithen, St. Gotthard, Steingrub, Straß bei Texing, Texing, Walzberg, Weißenbach
 * Weiten
 * Eibetsberg, Eitental, Filsendorf, Jasenegg, Mollenburg, Mollendorf, Mörenz, Nasting, Rafles, Seiterndorf, Streitwiesen, Tottendorf, Weiten, Weiterndorf
 * Ybbs an der Donau
 * Donaudorf, Göttsbach, Sarling, Sarling, Säusenstein, Ybbs an der Donau
 * Yspertal
 * Haslau, Kapelleramt, Nächst Altenmarkt, Wimberg, Yspertal
 * Zelking-Matzleinsdorf
 * Anzenberg, Anzenberg, Arb, Bergern, Einsiedl, Freiningau, Gassen, Hofstetten, Maierhöfen, Mannersdorf, Matzleinsdorf, Zelking

title: Melk District


text:
Assane Kouyaté

Assane Kouyaté (born 1954) is a Malian film director.

Biography
Assane Kouyaté was born in Bamako in 1954. In 1976 he got his degree in arts from the Ecole Normale Supérieure of Bamako, then went to the Moscow Institute of Cinema and Television, where he got his Diploma of Study of Cinema in 1989.

In 1988, he worked with Russian director Sergei Salaviov as an assistant on the movie Pigeon. He has collaborated with many directors worldwide, such as the Argentine Pablo César (Aphrodite, 1998).

In 2002, he produced his first full-length film of his own: Kabala, which tells the story of a Mandé village whose well dries up. Kabala won both the award for best screenplay and the Special Jury Prize at the pan-African Festival of Cinema and Television at Ouagadougou.

Filmography

 * Kabala (2002)

title: Assane Kouyaté


text: Template:Sarangani

title: Template:Sarangani


text:
Pavane (novel)

Pavane is an alternative history science fiction fix-up novel by British writer Keith Roberts, first published by Rupert Hart-Davis Ltd in 1968. Most of the original stories were published in Impulse. An additional story, "The White Boat", was added in later editions.

Comprising a cycle of linked stories set in Dorset, England, it depicts a 20th century in which the Catholic Church still has supremacy; in its timeline, Protestantism was destroyed during wars that resulted from the aftermath of the assassination of Queen Elizabeth in 1588.

Overview

The novel posits a history in which Queen Elizabeth I was assassinated just as the Spanish Armada was on its way. Protestant mobs attacked English Catholics who fought back in self-defense. With England engulfed in civil war, the Armada landed unopposed, the Spanish occupied England, suppressed Protestantism and imposed Roman Catholicism as the one and only religion. Without Protestant England, Spain prevented the Protestant Dutch Republic from attaining independence, while the German mercantile city states of the Holy Roman Empire that financed the Reformation were also suppressed. As a consequence, while Spanish power eventually wanes, the Catholic Church has no rivals and the pope becomes the effective secular, as well as spiritual, ruler over Europe. The Church thus also controls the restive "New World" (which approximates the United States in our timeline), as well as "Australasia", where James Cook planted the cobalt flag of the Throne of Peter, instead of the Union Flag, in the 18th century.

The social effects include a continuing feudal system and bans on innovation, particularly electricity, leading to a roughly mid-19th century technology with steam traction engines and mechanical semaphore telegraphy. Outlying areas are dangerous, with wild animals and occasional manifestations of the "Old Ones" or "People of the Hills" (supposed fairies) who leave crab-symbol graffiti. The stories take place at a period when the possibility of revolution is rumoured.

The location and flavour, nostalgic yet tragic in outlook, resemble a science-fictional equivalent of the fictionalized Wessex of Thomas Hardy (as in the Hardy stories, there are place-name differences; for instance, in Pavane Dorchester retains its Roman name, Durnovaria). Real geographical locations play a major role: Golden Cap is the site of a semaphore station, and the castle at Corfe is a key presence in the book.

"Over all, the long arm of the popes reached out to punish and reward; the Church Militant remained supreme. But by the middle of the twentieth century widespread mutterings were making themselves heard. Rebellion was once more in the air . .."

The title alludes to the stately and melancholy dance, the pavane, the book being divided thematically into measures and a coda.

After a brief prologue explaining the back-story, the stories are:

 * "The Lady Margaret: a lonely steam haulier meets a friend from his past;
 * "The Signaller": an apprentice semaphore operator is assigned to a remote station;
 * "The White Boat" (not in all editions): a discontented fisher girl is obsessed with a mysterious yacht;
 * "Brother John": a monk becomes disaffected by the practices of the Inquisition;
 * "Lords and Ladies": a woman's bitter memories are evoked at the deathbed of the haulier from the first story, who is her uncle;
 * "Corfe Gate": an aristocrat, the daughter of the central female character in "Lords and Ladies", is involved in a regional rebellion.
 * The "Coda" is set some years after the events of the final stories, and centres on the son of the seneschal to the female aristocrat from "Corfe Gate".

Reception
Pavane soon found an important place in the alternative history subgenre of science fiction and the work's high reputation continues; The Cambridge Companion to Science Fiction assesses it as "now credited as the finest of all 'alternative histories'". Algis Budrys found the novel to be "a tapestry of a book; a marvel of storytelling", and concluded that, despite an unnecessary Coda, it was "a truly wonderful work".

title: Pavane (novel)