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User:Firespeaker

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Personal Info
My name is Jonathan North Washington, and my personal website can be found at jnw.name; I also maintain a site for fun at firespeaker.org. I work on Turkic languages and linguistics—especially phonetics, phonological theory, historical linguistics, descriptive linguistics, and RBMT. I used to be a conlanger in my free time.

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Contributions
I claim responsibility in some way for the content of the following pages—by beginning them, writing them, contributing heavily to them, adding picture(s), or some combination thereof (articles in progress/stubs in italics, and articles I've written the bulk of in bold).

Language

 * Kazakh language
 * Kyrgyz language
 * Altai language
 * Tofa language
 * Turkic languages
 * Koroshi (disambiguation)
 * BGN/PCGN romanization of Kazakh
 * BGN/PCGN romanization of Kyrgyz
 *  Northern Altai language
 * Reforms of Russian orthography

Cultural Heritage

 * Kutadgu Bilig
 * Aytysh
 * Qomuz
 *  Kyz kuu
 *  Jamilya
 *  Wooden jaw harp
 *  Shyrdak
 *  Ala kiyiz
 *  Tattybübü Tursunbayeva
 *  Jetigen
 * Tabgach (merged in Tuoba and expanded)
 *  Töle Biy
 *  Jolon Mamytov
 *  Gadāʾī

Geography

 * Jeti-Ögüz (disambiguation)
 * Jeti-Ögüz resort
 * Jeti-Ögüz village
 * Talas Ala-Too Range
 *  Teskey Ala-Too Range
 *  Koshoy Korgon
 * Tash Rabat
 * Kyzyl-Jar
 *  Manas Ordo

 *  Ak-Suu River (Chüy)
 *  Temen-Suu
 *  Ak-Suu ayyl ökmötü
 *  Kichi Jargylchak
 *  Ak-Terek  (disambig)
 *  Ak Terek (Issyk Kul region)
 * Great Chüy Canal
 * Alamüdün River

Food

 *  Kazan (cookware)
 * Qurut
 *  Piala
 *  Dastarkhan
 *  Chalap
 *  Shoro (company)
 *  Kesme
 *  Orama
 *  Enesay
 *  Qattama
 * Jarma (beverage)

Other

 * Marshrutka
 *  Jengishbek Nazaraliev  (translation from Kyrgyz)
 *  Osh bazaar
 *  Makmal gold mine
 *  Nadezhda Petrovna Dyrenkova

Other

 * Vérendrye Runestone
 * Grand Dérangement (disambiguation)
 * Grand Dérangement (band)
 * Church Point (disambiguation)
 * Church Point, Nova Scotia
 * Saint Mary's Bay, Nova Scotia
 * Saint Mary's Bay French
 * Daniel LeBlanc
 * Hilly hundred (communications & volunteers)
 *  Indiana University Amateur Radio Club
 *  Katy Topuria  (translation from Russian)
 *  Graduation ’97  (translation from Russian)

I've contributed heavily to the following articles through editing, but not by adding factual material:
 * Blou (band)
 * Mark R.V. Southern
 * Samosa (merging and reorganisation mostly)
 * Hidatsa language (~copied in subsection on Sacagawea's name)
 * RBMT (some cleanup)

You can also view all my contributions from most recent to oldest. I've contributed from the following IP addresses as well: 67.161.108.182, 204.152.12.16, and 68.63.115.104.

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Friends
I know the following other users in some capacity or other; they make fun contributions, so check them out:

IRL

 * Amyrose
 * Cassowary
 * Codeofdusk
 * Hannahbw
 * Xhancock
 * Otebig
 * Brokev03
 * MosheEmes
 * Hovsepig

Not IRL

 * Jade Knight
 * Pablo-flores
 * Ice201
 * Gtmo
 * Shlomif

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Milestones and Awards

 * I have a user ID of "111800". I think that's kind of neat :)
 * On 21 March 2009, I made my 1000th edit by adding the WikiProject Central Asia template to the article on the Ordos dialect of Mongol. This was part of a WPCA templating spree during some free time I had due to spring break.
 * [[Image:Original_Barnstar.png]]I hearby grant you this barnstar for the splendid contributions you made on "Acadian subjects".Wikipedia User:gtmo 14:13, 25 May 2006

title: User:Firespeaker


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Wikipedia:Featured article candidates/Polish-Soviet War

Polish-Soviet War
Resubmitting. I believe all objections have been adressed (see former failed nomination discussion). By use of subarticles the size have decreased from over 80kb to 45kb. Also, new maps have been added for your viewing pleasure - and expect to see some more over the coming days :) Again, I welcome any comments. Oh, and I see that the old archived discussion has already more supports then opposes - a good sign, I believe. Note: down to 29 paras in 1920 section :) --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 22:21, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * support This article is very well done. If Featured Articles are to be comprehensive then objections about length are uncalled for.Dinopup 03:35, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - all previous objections were answered (although I can't say I like the splitted article more than I liked the entire article in one chunk). Halibutt 06:36, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - I thought this was already featured. The 1920 section still has too much detail for my taste, but that can be condensed some more later. --mav 14:20, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong object - no Russian sources used, making an article Polish-American POV. Example: "Polish win" is doubtful.Poland got its border 50-100 to the west from the one suggested by the Soviet Russia on Spring 1920 without the war. No mention of the fact, that mostly due to above reason Soviets, recognising their defeat in the battle of Warsaw, hold entire campaign as their victory. 213.115.184.126 13:16, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, I think that is handled well. He's got a point there. How can you even come close to NPOV without consulting the sources from both sides? - Taxman 20:43, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Neither are any Polish sources used. This is an English Wiki, and we tried to keep to the sources available to an English speaker. Although at least one Russian source was used to prepeare/check some portions of the materials (Директивы командования фронтов Кр. Армии (1917-22) by Mikkalai, see Talk:Target Vistula for details). The article was read by at least two Russian Wikipedians I know of - Mikkalai and 172, both of whom had made significant contributions to it, and made no objections since it was nominated here. Some of the English sources for the article are in fact given by them, IIRC. Finally and perhaps most importantly, the Polish-Soviet war was a subject not covered in official communist history. As the biggest defeat of the Red Army, it was deemed a dangerous exception to the communist dialectic and such, and thus it was striken out from all Polish history books during the times of People's Republic of Poland (communists had their own 'better' version of history...*shivers*). It is quite possible that as anon writes (if I understand his English correctly) in some Soviet publications the war was portrayed as a Soviet victory. I doubt however that any of publications made in the Soviet Union are of any value except for the article on the communist version of real history (publications such as mentioned collected orders from 1917-22 are an exception only becaues they were written by soldiers on the field of battle without much thought to the political correctnes. For that very reason many useful Soviet documents were on the prohibited reading list, and declassified ony after 1991.). For similar reason we don't see - or demand - German Nazi references for the Second World War articles. I don't know of any post-91 publications in Russian on that subject, and as I can't read Russian I can't look for them on the net. I seriously doubt they would contain any major revalation, although perhaps the anon who objected (do we have any rules on anon objections to FA btw?) would like to prove me wrong by quoting the publication title, date, author, ISBN and the factual revelations that would force me to rewrite the article? Or at the very least a link to an English speaking site with such information? --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 00:11, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Ok that sounds pretty reasonable. I guess I would like 172 to weigh in on the issue, but I think he isn't around anymore. Maybe Mikkalai can add his opinion. Well I'm not a history person and I suppose it is common knowledge the Soviets re-wrote their version of history, but maybe even that is worth noting? I could be wrong. As to anon objections, my understanding is they are treated just like any other. Many articles are promoted with one or even a few objections, Raul654 just judges them a bit based on their validity and weighs the support votes. Many support votes can outweigh a minor objection or one a number of people disagree with. And besides if that Russian source was used and is of high quality for the reasons you stated, then I am satisfied. This was just my first thought on the issue I'll have to read the article before I can give my support. - Taxman 01:10, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * It is worth noting and already noted in the aftermath section: Until 1989, while communists held power in a People's Republic of Poland, the Polish-Bolshevik War was either omitted or minimized in Polish and other Soviet block countries history books, or was presented so as to fit with the "truths" of communist propaganda. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 11:18, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The source mentioned (Direktivy Komandirovanya...) is simply a collection of all battle orders, orders of battle and reports issued during the war. As such, it is one of the two basic sources used by more or less all historians of that conflict (the other being a similar publication containing all Polish orders and reports). I can't say if it's 100% credible (which source is...), but it's definitely the best source out there, at least for the Red side. Halibutt 01:27, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * I continue to strongly object, I removed one more strong POV, that Soviet Union allied itself with Hitler by the means of MR Pact, see talk page. Polish sources used indirectly: along with getting facts from Western books, Piotrus introduced his own opinion, which pretty well fits to the latest campaign of Hitler-whitewash-Soviet-blackwash in Eastern European countries, including Poland. I look at the article itself, not at "Russian" wikipedians, who "signed" it. Soviet propaganda was not much different from anti-Soviet propaganda in Western countries during the existence of the Soviet Union and also was not much different from nowadays propaganda in Eastern European countries. 213.115.184.126 15:23, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It would be much better if instead of attempting an edit war on the article and deleting whole paragraph without even being close to any consensus you'd try to advocate you POV on the talk page before :-( Lysy 13:40, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Support. Well summarized, organized, written, and researched. I can't comment in the slightest on the material, but it sounds like you guys have researched it well and done a good job there. Good work. - Taxman 03:01, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support now that the accusation of POV has been addressed. KingTT 15:55, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - well structured, NPOV and well balanced. 213.115.184.126, if you think it's POV, try to express the alternative POV instead of forcibly deleting whole paragraphs Lysy 13:32, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support V1t 03:39, 17 November 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Chuck Liddell

Charles David Liddell (born December 17, 1969) is an American former professional mixed martial artist. A professional competitor from 1998 to 2018, Liddell is a former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion and is widely credited, along with fellow UFC fighter Randy Couture, with helping bring MMA into the mainstream of American sports and entertainment. Known as "The Iceman", Liddell achieved a 16–7 UFC record, and an overall record of 21–9, with 13 of his wins coming by way of knockout. He retired in late 2010, then came out of retirement for one bout in 2018, in a loss to rival Tito Ortiz. On July 10, 2009, Liddell was inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame.

Early life
Born in Santa Barbara, California, Liddell was raised by his single mother and maternal grandfather, who taught Liddell and his siblings boxing techniques from a very young age. Liddell began studying Karate at the age of 12; the tattoo on his scalp reads "Koei-Kan" (幸栄館).

While growing up in Santa Barbara, he often frequented the Del Playa Drive, a street popular for parties in the UCSB college town of Isla Vista. As Liddell wrote in his book Iceman: My Fighting Life, he often found himself in fights with drunk college students older than him.

In high school, Liddell was a four-year starter on the football team at San Marcos High School, playing center and linebacker, and he also excelled at wrestling. In college, he wrestled at Cal Poly, where he attended from 1988 to 1993, and graduated with a bachelor's degree in business/accounting in 1995. Liddell was inducted into the Cal Poly Hall of Fame in 2009.

Early success
Liddell made his UFC debut in 1998 during UFC 17 in Mobile, Alabama with a decision victory over Noe Hernandez. In his next bout, he faced Brazilian fighter Jose "Pele" Landi-Johns at an International Vale Tudo Championship event in Sao Paulo, Brazil, which was bare-knuckle. Despite being a heavy underdog in his opponent's home country, Liddell dominated the vale tudo fighter on the feet, and won via decision. After a technical submission loss to top contender Jeremy Horn shortly after, Liddell began establishing his reputation as a top contender with dominant victories over Kevin Randleman, Murilo Bustamante, Vitor Belfort, Amar Suloev, Jeff Monson, and Renato Sobral. Liddell was also the first UFC fighter to fight in Pride, where he represented the organization against fellow kickboxer Guy Mezger, knocking him unconscious.

Liddell vs. Couture
By 2002, Liddell was considered the #1 contender for the UFC Light Heavyweight Championship, with growing popularity and support from his fans. The UFC tried to arrange a title bout with then-champion Tito Ortiz, but Ortiz cited scheduling conflicts.

To force Ortiz's hand, they created an interim light heavyweight championship and matched Liddell with Greco-Roman wrestler and former heavyweight champion "The Natural" Randy Couture at UFC 43. Couture neutralized Liddell's hooks with straight punches and eventually began taking "The Iceman" down at will. Couture eventually gained full mount and forced a referee stoppage due to a barrage of punches.

Pride Grand Prix Tournament against Overeem/Jackson
After his defeat to Couture, Liddell entered the Pride 2003 Middleweight Grand Prix tournament as the official UFC representative. Liddell defeated Alistair Overeem in the first round of the tournament. In the action-packed bout, Liddell was getting out-landed by the taller, quicker and more technical striking of Overeem; later in the round Liddell landed an overhand punch to the head of Overeem, sending him staggering into the ropes. Liddell then rushed in with knees and straight rights and knocked Overeem out at the end of the first round.

In the next round, Liddell was eliminated by fan-favorite Quinton "Rampage" Jackson. In the first round of his fight with Jackson, Liddell landed shots as he found his distance but Jackson countered with powerful strikes, rocking Liddell numerous times. In the second round, Jackson continued to out-land Liddell with big punches, but could not finish him. Later in the second round a visibly exhausted Liddell was taken down and received a barrage of punches from the ground. His corner threw in the towel, giving Jackson the upset victory.

Liddell vs. Ortiz
Returning to the UFC, Liddell was once again in contention for the light heavyweight title, preparing for a match with former champion Tito Ortiz. Eventually, after Ortiz lost the title to Randy Couture, the two would meet in a highly anticipated bout at UFC 47 on April 2, 2004, in Las Vegas, Nevada. After most of the first round was spent feeling each other out, Liddell threw a few punches and a kick which was blocked by Ortiz, with Ortiz slapping himself on the head, taunting Liddell.

When the round ended Ortiz pushed referee "Big" John McCarthy out of his way, into Liddell, and the pair exchanged words. Shortly after the second round started, Liddell landed a flurry of punches that dropped Ortiz and led to a TKO victory. Ortiz has since stated that Liddell's thumb made contact with his eye, causing him momentarily to see "nothing but black". Since UFC 47, the bad blood between both fighters remained, with Ortiz repeatedly stating that he wanted "his" title belt back. Despite the tension, Ortiz and Liddell would not fight again for two and a half years.

The Ultimate Fighter
In early 2005, Liddell was a coach on the inaugural season of The Ultimate Fighter, Spike TV's reality show which featured fighters competing for a UFC contract.

He coached Team Liddell, while then UFC Light Heavyweight Champion Randy Couture coached Team Couture. The series was a success for both Spike TV and the UFC. Both of the winners of the show, Diego Sanchez and Forrest Griffin, were members of Team Liddell and went on to have very successful careers in the UFC.

Liddell vs. Couture II
On April 16, 2005, at UFC 52, Liddell fought Randy Couture, again for the light heavyweight title. Couture moved in for a punch, Liddell countered with a big right hand to the temple of Couture, knocking him out cold, making him the new UFC Light Heavyweight Champion.

Liddell vs. Horn II
Liddell was scheduled to defend his new title against longtime veteran Jeremy Horn, at UFC 54, a matchup the UFC claimed was demanded by long-time fans of the sport since Horn had given Liddell his first loss. Throughout the bout, Liddell dominated with aggressive punches, causing knockdowns in several rounds. Liddell's defensive wrestling ability, especially his sprawl, stifled the bulk of Horn's offense, which was centered on grappling and submission wrestling.

Liddell eventually won the fight via TKO in 2:46 minutes of the fourth round after Horn informed the referee that he could not see. He had been hit with a right punch to the eye causing him to bleed from his eye as well as his nose. Liddell had successfully defended his title and, in the process, avenged two of his three career losses.

Liddell vs. Couture III
On February 4, 2006, at UFC 57, Liddell faced Randy Couture in a rubber match, After an action packed first round, Liddell landed a big punch to Couture's face causing him to bleed, Couture bounced back with a take down of Liddell, but he was able to get up right away. Later in the second round as Couture moved in Liddell countered similar to in the second fight at UFC 52 knocking Couture out, defeating Couture for the second time via knockout in Las Vegas, Nevada, to retain the light heavyweight championship belt. After the fight, Couture announced his retirement from mixed martial arts.

Liddell vs. Sobral II
In his next defense, at UFC 62 on August 26, 2006, Liddell would beat Renato "Babalu" Sobral, who he had defeated nearly three years prior. Seconds after the fight started Sobral came running forward throwing punches. Liddell, moving backwards, was landing big punches, and a right uppercut ended the fight at 1:35 of the first round. It was announced during UFC 61 that, were he to defeat Sobral, Liddell would face off against PRIDE Middleweight Champion Wanderlei Silva. The fight failed to materialize due to the competing promotions' inability to reach an agreement. UFC president Dana White attributed this to Silva's subsequent knockout loss to Mirko Filipović.

Liddell vs. Ortiz II
In what was the most financially successful UFC event up to that point, Liddell fought a rematch with Tito Ortiz at UFC 66, which took place on December 30, 2006. Liddell's takedown defense neutralized Ortiz's wrestling ability, forcing Ortiz to stand up with a known striker. Although Ortiz did take Liddell down at one point in the fight, Liddell went on to defeat Ortiz via TKO in the third round to defend his light heavyweight championship successfully for a fourth time. It was later revealed that Liddell had torn his MCL prior to the fight. He had also popped the tendon out on the middle finger on his left hand during the fight itself.

Liddell vs. Jackson II
In his fifth defense, Liddell would lose the title at UFC 71 on May 26, 2007, in a rematch with Quinton "Rampage" Jackson. Liddell was knocked down by a right hook less than two minutes into the first round and was unable to defend himself against Jackson's strikes on the ground, resulting in a knockout victory for Jackson. After the loss, Liddell was widely criticized after reports indicated he had been seen in night clubs the week before the event. He responded that it was not anything he had not done prior to his other fights in Las Vegas.

Liddell vs. Jardine
On July 11, 2007, Dana White confirmed in an interview with Yahoo! Sports that a rumored bout between Wanderlei Silva and Liddell had been canceled indefinitely. Silva and Liddell were supposed to fight in the main event at UFC 76 in Anaheim, California. Instead, Liddell would face Keith Jardine.

In the main event of UFC 76, Liddell came out landing his signature right hand to the head of Jardine, rocking him backwards, but Jardine stayed in the fight. After a dominant first round for Liddell, Jardine started to land low leg kicks continuously, while Liddell was unable to time his strikes against the unorthodox southpaw. Liddell lost a close split decision, making it the first time he had suffered consecutive losses in his career. Liddell stated he wanted a rematch and claimed he had never taken Jardine seriously.

Liddell vs. Silva
On October 23, 2007, White announced that a matchup between Liddell and Wanderlei Silva would finally take place at UFC 79. Liddell defeated Silva via unanimous decision, out-landing Silva with harder, more efficient punches and getting two takedowns later in the fight. Both fighters were awarded "Fight of the Night" honors. This fight was voted 2007's Fight of the Year at the first annual World Mixed Martial Arts Awards and ultimately was Liddell's final victory in MMA.

Liddell vs. Evans
On February 1, 2008, Maurício "Shogun" Rua revealed that he had recently signed a contract to fight Liddell, however on March 4 it was announced on UFC.com that Rua was receiving surgery on his knee and had been forced to withdraw from the fight. It was later officially announced that undefeated wrestler "Suga" Rashad Evans would replace Maurício Rua in a bout at UFC 85 in London, England. However, a hamstring injury forced Liddell to withdraw from the fight.

On September 6, 2008, Liddell faced Rashad Evans at UFC 88. He lost the fight via knockout in the second round after Evans connected with an overhand right. The loss led to renewed criticism of Liddell over-relying on the same coaches and training partners.

Shortly after his knockout loss to Evans, long-time trainer John Hackleman confirmed that Liddell was participating in training sessions with American Top Team to "round out his skills", although he remained officially associated with Hackleman and The Pit fight team.

Liddell vs. Shogun
On January 17, 2009, Dana White confirmed during the UFC 93 post fight press conference that Liddell's next fight would be against the 2005 Pride Middleweight Grand Prix Champion Maurício "Shogun" Rua at UFC 97 on April 18 in Montréal, Canada.

Liddell was defeated by Rua due to punches late in the first round resulting in a technical knockout. After the fight, White declared that Liddell would retire from fighting.

White stated, "I care about him. I care about his health, and it's over, man. It's over." White went further, saying, "At the end of the day, I care about these guys. I don't want to see anybody stick around too long. You're never going to see Chuck Liddell on the canvas again." In May however, Liddell's trainer, John Hackleman, claimed 'with confidence' that Liddell had at least one more fight in him and was "definitely on top of the food chain."

In a later interview, White went on to say, "Can I tell him not to fight? Absolutely not. If he still wants to fight, he can fight. I'm not saying, 'It will never happen. It will never happen.' But he made a deal with me [not to fight]."

Hall of Fame and talks of retirement
On July 10, 2009, at the UFC 100 Fan Expo in Las Vegas, Nevada, Liddell was inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame.

After UFC 101 in August, Dana White stated that "I don't want him to (fight). He wants to, so we'll see what happens." Two days later, Liddell went on record to say that he was undecided on the matter and that "it's hard for an athlete to quit what he's done his whole life." Liddell went on to say that he would be "making that decision in the gym, not in the ring" after sparring sessions.

Liddell vs. Franklin
It was later announced that Liddell would be coaching against fierce rival Tito Ortiz on the 11th season of The Ultimate Fighter, with the two of them fighting each other on June 12, 2010, at UFC 115. However, in March, it was rumored that Ortiz had pulled out for unknown reasons and would be replaced by former UFC middleweight champion Rich Franklin. This was denied by UFC president Dana White.

On April 7, 2010, White confirmed that Liddell vs. Ortiz 3 would be the main event for the card. However, on April 12, 2010, the main event was changed to Liddell vs. Rich Franklin.

On June 12, 2010, Liddell faced Franklin at UFC 115 in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Franklin connected with a counter right hook, knocking Liddell unconscious with five seconds remaining in the first round. Earlier in the fight, Franklin had broken his arm blocking a body kick from Liddell. Only a few hours after the match, UFC President Dana White declared that Chuck Liddell would not fight in the UFC ever again.

UFC retirement
With the opinions and considerations of his family and friends in mind after losing three consecutive fights by knockout, Liddell decided to end his fighting career on December 29, 2010. At the UFC 125 press conference, Liddell announced his retirement and stated he would be taking the position of Vice President of Business Development within the UFC. Liddell was visibly emotional at the announcement, acknowledging his retirement and an end to his fighting with words of farewell: "Most of all I want to thank my fans and my family. I love this sport and I'm excited to go to this new stage in my life and keep promoting the best sport in the world, the sport I love... now that I'm retired."

On September 8, 2013, during an interview on the Opie and Anthony show, Liddell stated that there was a possibility of one last comeback, similar to George Foreman.

Return and second retirement
Liddell announced on April 14, 2018, that he was coming out of retirement to target a third fight with Tito Ortiz. The fight took place on November 24, 2018, under Oscar De La Hoya's Golden Boy Promotions. Liddell lost the fight via knockout in the first round.

On March 3, 2020, Liddell announced in a TMZ interview that he has retired from mixed martial arts again.

Fighting style
Chuck Liddell was one of the first successful proponents of the "sprawl and brawl" MMA fighting style, which relied on takedown defense and standup fighting in an era where wrestling had been the dominant force. Liddell's style (a hybrid of karate and kajukenbo) focused mainly on the hands, although he was also successful at times with the head kick. To viewers, his unique striking style did not appear refined but his combination of speed, accuracy, and power meant that he was one of the most dangerous knockout artists of his time. While not the most defensively sound, for years he was known for having a granite chin and being near-impossible to knock out.

Legal trouble
On October 11, 2021, Liddell was arrested and booked into a Los Angeles-area jail on a misdemeanor charge of domestic battery. He was held at the Malibu Sheriff's Station on a $20,000 bond. After his bond was met and Liddell was released, he posted a statement on his Instagram page stating he was the victim of domestic violence, but offered to protect his family from legal issues and voluntarily went into custody instead of his wife. The court hearing for this case was scheduled on October 13, 2021. According to the legal report, Liddell and his wife were pushing each other during an argument, and Liddell had marks on his face and chest, while his wife did not have any physical marks on her after the incident. The District Attorney's office opted not to charge Liddell or his wife. Three days after the alleged domestic incident, Liddell filed for a divorce.

Personal life
Liddell is associated with John Hackleman and The Pit fight team. His brother Sean, who also competed in MMA and fought in the WEC, retired in 2007 with a 1–2 record. He has a brother named Dan and a sister named Laura.

Liddell continues to train in San Luis Obispo, California, where he attended college along with fellow team member and friend Wyatt Courtney. He has a daughter with MMA fighter Casey Noland. From a prior relationship he has a son. Liddell proposed to his now ex-wife Heidi Northcott on November 4, 2010. Their daughter was born in 2011. Their son was born in 2013.

Liddell is a former part-owner of two bars in Lincoln, Nebraska: Dillinger's and NZone.

In 2010, he opened The Ultimate Iceman, a memorabilia store in San Luis Obispo. This store was closed in 2011 to focus on online sales.

Liddell endorsed John McCain in the 2008 United States presidential election.

Liddell's moniker, "The Iceman", was coined by his trainer, John Hackleman, of Liddell's calm and relaxed temperament before fights. My pulse rate rarely goes up or down, no matter how tense or relaxed the situation. In fact, that's how I got my nickname: the Iceman. Hackleman gave it to me around my third kickboxing match. We were hanging out in the locker room before the fight, and he noticed that I wasn't breaking a sweat or shaking out my arms to release some of the jitters and didn't have any other nervous tics. He told me he had been in countless pro fights and was anxious before every one of them. Meanwhile, I looked as if I were going for a stroll in the park. He thought I had ice in my veins.After retirement, Liddell served as Vice President of Business Development within the UFC.

Good Morning Texas interview
In March 2007, shortly before UFC 68, he appeared on Good Morning Texas (Texan version of Good Morning America) for an interview, and to promote the film 300, but appeared to be very drowsy and fell asleep mid-interview. The interview ended when Liddell asked the host who he would like to fight. UFC President Dana White, along with Liddell's head coach Scott VanGilder, explained that Liddell had pneumonia and had taken a large dose of sedatives the night before the interview.

Print media
On May 9, 2007, Liddell became the first UFC fighter to be on the cover of ESPN The Magazine. Liddell released his autobiography, Iceman: My Fighting Life, on January 29, 2008, and it spent multiple weeks on the New York Times ' best seller list.

Television
Liddell was one of 16 people to compete on Season 9 of Dancing with the Stars. He and professional dance partner, Anna Trebunskaya got 11th place in Week 4.

In 2009, Liddell made a guest appearance on The Simpsons in Season 21, Episode 3 The Great Wife Hope.

In 2018, Liddell was a houseguest on the first U.S. season of Celebrity Big Brother, where he was the first person evicted.

In October 2019, ESPN released the first of their 30 for 30 specials to focus on mixed martial arts. The film, called 'Chuck and Tito', focused on the fights and feud between Liddell and Tito Ortiz.

Mixed martial arts

 * Ultimate Fighting Championship
 * UFC Hall of Fame (Pioneer Wing, Class of 2009)
 * UFC Light Heavyweight Championship (One time)
 * Four successful title defenses
 * Fight of the Night (Two times) vs. Tito Ortiz, Wanderlei Silva
 * Knockout of the Night (Two times) vs. Randy Couture 2 and Renato Sobral
 * 2005 Knockout of the Year vs. Randy Couture 2
 * Most knockouts in UFC Light Heavyweight division history (10)
 * Longest knockout win streak in UFC history (7)
 * Tied (Charles Oliveira) for the second longest finish streak in modern UFC history (7) (behind Anderson Silva)
 * Second most title fight wins in UFC Light Heavyweight division history (5)
 * Tied (Mauricio Rua) for most knockdowns landed in UFC Light Heavyweight division history (14)
 * Tied (Quinton Jackson, Josh Emmett, Cody Garbrandt & Montel Jackson) for most consecutive fights with a knockdown landed in UFC history (7)
 * Tied (Rashad Evans) for fifth most wins in UFC Light Heavyweight division history (13)
 * Fourth most finishes in modern UFC Light Heavyweight division history (9)
 * Fourth longest win streak in UFC Light Heavyweight division history (7)
 * International Fighting Championship
 * IFC World Light Heavyweight Championship (Once)
 * Sherdog
 * 2006 Fighter of the Year
 * Mixed Martial Arts Hall of Fame
 * Black Belt Magazine
 * 2001 NHB Co-Competitor of the Year along with Tito Ortiz
 * World MMA Awards
 * 2008 Fight of the Year vs. Wanderlei Silva at UFC 79
 * Spike TV Guys' Choice Awards
 * 2007 Most Dangerous Man.

Kickboxing

 * International Kickboxing Federation
 * IKF Amateur International Rules U.S. Super Heavyweight Championship (One time)
 * World Kickboxing and Karate Association
 * WKA Amateur International Rules U.S. Heavyweight Championship (One time)
 * United States Muay Thai Association'''
 * USMTA Amateur Muay Thai North American Heavyweight Championship (One time)

Books

 * (2008) Iceman: My Fighting Life. Dutton Adult. ISBN 978-0-525-95056-1.

title: Chuck Liddell


text:
Great Britain at the 1984 Summer Olympics

Great Britain, represented by the British Olympic Association (BOA), competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States. British athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games. 337 competitors, 229 men and 108 women, took part in 190 events in 20 sports.

The British team won a total of 37 medals, including five golds, this was Britain's largest total medal haul since 1920, and would not be surpassed until 2008, however this was due in part to the Soviet-led boycott of the 1984 Olympics, which meant that Eastern Bloc competitors were not present. Great Britain sent a reserve team to the Soviet organised Friendship Games, dubbed the "alternative Olympics" the same year.

Archery
In the fourth appearance by Great Britain in modern Olympic archery, three men and three women represented the country. The women's scores were separated by only 10 points, as the three placed consecutively in the final ranking.

Women's Individual Competition:
 * Eileen Robinson - 2408 points (→ 29th place)
 * Angela Goodall - 2401 points (→ 30th place)
 * Susan Wilcox - 2398 points (→ 31st place)

Men's Individual Competition:
 * Steven Hallard - 2473 points (→ 21st place)
 * Peter Gillam - 2435 points (→ 30th place)
 * Richard Priestman - 2339 points (→ 48th place)

Athletics
Men's 100 metres
 * Men's Competition
 * Mike McFarlane
 * Final — 10.27 (→ 5th place)

 * Donovan Reid
 * Final — 10.32 (→ 7th place)

Men's 200 metres
 * Ade Mafe
 * Heat — 21.02
 * Quarterfinals — 20.55
 * Semifinals — 20.54
 * Final — 20.98 (→ 8th place)

Men's 400 metres
 * Kriss Akabusi
 * Heat — 45.64
 * Quarterfinals — 45.43
 * Semifinals — 45.69 (→ did not advance)

 * Philip Brown
 * Heat — 46.26
 * Quarterfinals — 46.63 (→ did not advance)

 * Todd Bennett
 * Heat — 46.09
 * Quarterfinals — 45.51 (→ did not advance)

Men's 5,000 metres
 * Tim Hutchings
 * Heat — 13:46.01
 * Semifinals — 13:28.60
 * Final — 13:11.50 (→ 4th place)

 * Eamonn Martin
 * Heat — 13:46.16
 * Semifinals — 13:41.70
 * Final — 13:53.34 (→ 13th place)

 * David Moorcroft
 * Heat — 13:51.40
 * Semifinals — 13:28.44
 * Final — 14:16.61 (→ 14th place)

Men's 10,000 metres
 * Mike McLeod
 * Qualifying Heat — 28:24.92
 * Final — 28:06.22 (→ [[File:Med 2.png]] Silver Medal)

 * Steve Jones
 * Qualifying Heat — 28:15.22
 * Final — 28:28.08 (→ 8th place)

 * Nick Rose
 * Qualifying Heat — 28:31.13
 * Final — 28:31.73 (→ 12th place)

Men's Marathon
 * Charlie Spedding
 * Final — 2:09:58 (→ [[File:Med 3.png]] Bronze Medal)

 * Hugh Jones
 * Final — 2:13:57 (→ 12th place)

 * Geoff Smith
 * Final — did not finish (→ no ranking)

Men's High Jump
 * Geoff Parsons
 * Qualification — 2.21 m (→ did not advance)

 * Mark Naylor
 * Qualification — no mark (→ did not advance)

Men's triple jump
 * Keith Connor
 * Final — 16.87 m (→ [[File:Med 3.png]] Bronze Medal)

 * Eric McCalla
 * Final — 16.66 m (→ 8th place)

Men's Javelin Throw
 * David Ottley
 * Qualification — 85.68 m
 * Final — 85.74 m (→ [[File:Med 2.png]] Silver Medal)

 * Roald Bradstock
 * Qualification — 83.06 m
 * Final — 81.22 m (→ 7th place)

Men's Hammer Throw
 * Robert Weir
 * Qualification — 73.04 m
 * Final — 72.62 m (→ 8th place)

 * Martin Girvan
 * Qualification — 72.66 m
 * Final — 72.32 m (→ 9th place)

 * Matthew Mileham
 * Qualification — 71.80 m
 * Final — no mark (→ no ranking)

Men's Pole Vault
 * Jeff Gutteridge
 * Qualifying Round — 5.30 m
 * Final — 5.10 m (→ 11th place)

 * Keith Stock
 * Qualifying Round — 5.20 m (→ did not advance)

Men's Decathlon
 * Daley Thompson
 * Final Result — 8797 points (→ [[File:Med 1.png]] Gold Medal)

 * Brad McStravick
 * Final Result — 7890 points (→ 11th place)

 * Colin Boreham
 * Final Result — 7485 points (→ 20th place)

Men's 20 km Walk
 * Philip Vesty
 * Final — 1:27:28 (→ 13th place)

 * Ian McCombie
 * Final — 1:28:53 (→ 19th place)

 * Steve Barry
 * Final — 1:30:46 (→ 24th place)

Men's 50 km Walk
 * Chris Maddocks
 * Final — 4:26:33 (→ 16th place)

Women's 1,500 metres
 * Women's Competition
 * Christine Benning
 * Heat — 4:10.48
 * Final — 4:04.70 (→ 5th place)

 * Christina Boxer
 * Heat — 4:07.40
 * Final — 4:05.53 (→ 6th place)

 * Lynne MacDougall
 * Heat — 4:09.08
 * Final — 4:10.58 (→ 11th place)

Women's 3,000 metres
 * Wendy Sly
 * Heat — 8:58.66
 * Final — 8:39.47 (→ Silver medal.svg Silver Medal)

 * Zola Budd
 * Heat — 8:44.62
 * Final — 8:48.80 (→ 7th place)

 * Jane Furniss
 * Heat — 8:44.62 (→ did not advance)

Women's Marathon
 * Priscilla Welch
 * Final — 2:28:54 (→ 6th place)

 * Joyce Smith
 * Final — 2:32:48 (→ 11th place)

 * Sarah Rowell
 * Final — 2:34:08 (→ 14th place)

Women's 400 m Hurdles
 * Susan Morley
 * Heat — 58.71
 * Semifinal — 56.67 (→ did not advance)

 * Gladys Taylor
 * Heat — 57.64
 * Semifinal — 56.72 (→ did not advance)

Women's High Jump
 * Diana Elliott
 * Qualification — 1.90 m
 * Final — 1.88 m (→ 9th place)

 * Judy Simpson
 * Qualification — 1.84 m (→ did not advance, 19th place)

Women's Long Jump
 * Sue Hearnshaw
 * Qualification — 6.64 m
 * Final — 6.80 m (→ Bronze medal.svg Bronze Medal)

Women's Discus Throw
 * Meg Ritchie
 * Qualification — 56.00 m
 * Final — 62.58 m (→ 5th place)

 * Venissa Head
 * Qualification — 55.24 m
 * Final — 58.18 m (→ 7th place)

Women's Shot Put
 * Judy Oakes
 * Final — 18.14 m (→ 4th place)

 * Venissa Head
 * Final — 17.90 m (→ 6th place)

Women's Javelin Throw
 * Tessa Sanderson
 * Qualification — 61.58 m
 * Final — 69.56 m (→ Gold medal.svg Gold Medal)

 * Fatima Whitbread
 * Qualification — 65.30 m
 * Final — 67.14 m (→ Bronze medal.svg Bronze Medal)

 * Sharon Gibson
 * Qualification — 60.88 m
 * Final — 59.66 m (→ 9th place)

Women's Heptathlon
 * Judy Simpson
 * Final Result — 6280 points (→ 5th place)

 * Kim Hagger
 * Final Result — 6127 points (→ 8th place)

Boxing
Men's Light Flyweight (– 48 kg)
 * John Lyon
 * First Round — Defeated Alego Akomi (SUD), 5:0
 * Second Round — Defeated Yehuda Ben Haim (ISR), 5:0
 * Quarterfinals — Lost to Paul Gonzales (USA), 1:4

Men's Bantamweight (– 54 kg)
 * John Hyland
 * First Round — Bye
 * Second Round — Lost to Moon Sung-Kil (South Korea), retired in third round

Men's Heavyweight (– 91 kg)
 * Douglas Young
 * First Round – Bye
 * Second Round – Lost to Georgios Stefanopoulos (GRE), KO-2

Men's Super Heavyweight (+ 91 kg)
 * Robert Wells → Bronze Medal
 * First Round – Bye
 * Quarterfinals – Defeated Viliami Pulu (TNG), KO-1
 * Semifinals – Lost to Francesco Damiani (ITA), RSC-3

Cycling
Sixteen cyclists represented Great Britain in 1984.

 * Men's individual road race
 * Mark Bell — did not finish (→ no ranking)
 * Neil Martin — did not finish (→ no ranking)
 * Peter Sanders — did not finish (→ no ranking)
 * Darryl Webster — did not finish (→ no ranking)

 * Team time trial
 * Steven Poulter
 * Keith Reynolds
 * Peter Sanders
 * Darryl Webster

 * Sprint
 * Mark Barry

 * 1000m time trial
 * Mark Barry

 * Individual pursuit
 * Shaun Wallace
 * Steve Bent

 * Team pursuit
 * Steve Bent
 * Paul Curran
 * Mark Noble
 * Adrian Timmis

 * Points race
 * Shaun Wallace
 * Paul Curran

 * Women's individual road race
 * Catherine Swinnerton — 2:13:28 (→ 13th place)
 * Linda Gornall — 2:13:28 (→ 17th place)
 * Maria Blower — 2:22:03 (→ 29th place)
 * Muriel Sharp — 2:22:03 (→ 30th place)

Diving
Men's 3m Springboard
 * Christopher Snode
 * Preliminary Round — 592.68
 * Final — 609.51 (→ 5th place)

 * Nigel Stanton
 * Preliminary Round — 521.61 (→ did not advance, 15th place)

Fencing
20 fencers, 15 men and 5 women, represented Great Britain in 1984.

 * Men's foil
 * Bill Gosbee
 * Pierre Harper
 * Nick Bell

 * Men's team foil
 * Bill Gosbee, Pierre Harper, Nick Bell, Rob Bruniges, Graham Paul

 * Men's épée
 * Steven Paul
 * John Llewellyn
 * Jonathan Stanbury

 * Men's team épée
 * Ralph Johnson, John Llewellyn, Neal Mallett, Steven Paul, Jonathan Stanbury

 * Men's sabre
 * Mark Slade
 * Richard Cohen
 * John Zarno

 * Men's team sabre
 * Richard Cohen, Paul Klenerman, Jim Philbin, Mark Slade, John Zarno

 * Women's foil
 * Linda Ann Martin
 * Liz Thurley
 * Fiona McIntosh

 * Women's team foil
 * Ann Brannon, Linda Ann Martin, Fiona McIntosh, Liz Thurley, Katie Arup

Field hockey

 * Men's team competition
 * Preliminary round (group B)
 * Great Britain – Kenya 2-1
 * Great Britain – Canada 3-1
 * Great Britain – New Zealand 1-0
 * Great Britain – Netherlands 4-3
 * Great Britain – Pakistan 0-0

 * Semi Finals
 * Great Britain – West Germany 0-1

 * Bronze Medal Game
 * Great Britain – Australia 3-2 (→ [[File:Med 3.png]] Bronze Medal)

 * Team roster
 * (1.) Ian Taylor (gk)
 * (2.) Veryan Pappin (gk)
 * (3.) Stephen Martin
 * (4.) Paul Barber
 * (5.) Robert Cattrall
 * (6.) Jon Potter
 * (7.) Richard Dodds
 * (8.) Billy McConnell
 * (9.) Norman Hughes
 * (10.) David Westcott (c)
 * (11.) Richard Leman
 * (12.) Stephen Batchelor
 * (13.) Sean Kerly
 * (14.) James Duthie
 * (15.) Kulbir Bhaura
 * (16.) Mark Precious

 * Head coach: David Whitaker

Modern pentathlon
Three male pentathletes represented Great Britain in 1984.

 * Individual
 * Richard Phelps
 * Michael Mumford
 * Stephen Sowerby

 * Team
 * Richard Phelps
 * Michael Mumford
 * Stephen Sowerby

Rowing
Men's coxless pair
 * John Beattie, Richard Stanhope
 * (→ 12th place)

Men's coxed pair
 * Adrian Genziani, Bill Lang, Alan Inns
 * (→ 8th place)

Men's coxless four
 * Jonathan Clift, John Garrett, Martin Knight, John Bland
 * (→ 9th place)

Men's coxed four'''
 * Richard Budgett, Martin Cross, Andy Holmes, Steve Redgrave, Adrian Ellison
 * (→ Gold)

Men's eight
 * Clive Roberts, Adam Clift, Salih Hassan, Chris Mahoney, Duncan McDougall, Malcolm McGowan, John Pritchard, Allan Whitwell, Colin Moynihan
 * (→ 5th place)

Women's single scull
 * Beryl Mitchell
 * (→ 6th place)

Women's double scull
 * Sally Bloomfield, Nonie Ray
 * (→ 8th place)

Women's coxless pair
 * Kate Panter, Ruth Howe
 * (→ 6th place)

Women's coxed four
 * Tessa Millar, Jean Genchi, Joanna Toch, Katie Ball, Kathy Talbot
 * (→ 7th place)

Women's eight
 * Astrid Ayling, Ann Callaway, Alexa Forbes, Gillian Hodges, Kate Holroyd, Belinda Holmes, Sarah Hunter-Jones, Kate McNicol, Sue Bailey
 * (→ 5th place)

Swimming
Men's 100 m Freestyle
 * Men's Competition
 * David Lowe
 * Heat — 51.68
 * B-Final — 51.48 (→ 11th place)

 * Paul Easter
 * Heat — 51.83 (→ did not advance, 21st place)

Men's 200 m Freestyle
 * Paul Easter
 * Heat — 1:51.80
 * B-Final — 1:51.70 (→ 9th place)

 * Andrew Astbury
 * Heat — 1:52.01
 * B-Final — 1:53.02 (→ 15th place)

Men's 400 m Freestyle
 * Andrew Astbury
 * Heat — 3:58.41
 * B-Final — 3:58.14 (→ 14th place)

 * Paul Howe
 * Heat — 4:04.07 (→ did not advance, 25th place)

Men's 1500 m Freestyle
 * David Stacey
 * Heat — 15:30.10 (→ did not advance, 12th place)

 * Stuart Willmott
 * Heat — 15:57.79 (→ did not advance, 21st place)

Men's 100 m Backstroke
 * Neil Harper
 * Heat — 58.50 (→ did not advance, 17th place)

 * Ian Collins
 * Heat — 1:00.08 (→ did not advance, 28th place)

Men's 200 m Backstroke
 * Neil Cochran
 * Heat — 2:05.58
 * B-Final — 2:05.72 (→ 14th place)

 * Neil Harper
 * Heat — 2:09.48 (→ did not advance, 24th place)

Men's 100 m Breaststroke
 * Adrian Moorhouse
 * Heat — 1:04.06
 * Final — 1:03.25 (→ 4th place)

 * Iain Cambell
 * Heat — 1:04.81
 * B-Final — 1:05.02 (→ 14th place)

Men's 200 m Breaststroke
 * Adrian Moorhouse
 * Heat — 2:19.83
 * B-Final — 2:18.83 (→ 9th place)

 * Iain Cambell
 * Heat — 2:20.78
 * B-Final — 2:20.62 (→ 11th place)

Men's 100 m Butterfly
 * Andrew Jameson
 * Heat — 54.49
 * Final — 54.28 (→ 5th place)

 * Ian Collins
 * Heat — 56.41 (→ did not advance, 22nd place)

Men's 200 m Butterfly
 * Nick Hodgson
 * Heat — 2:01.64
 * B-Final — 2:01.24 (→ 11th place)

 * Philip Hubble
 * Heat — 2:02.76
 * B-Final — 2:03.06 (→ 16th place)

Men's 200 m Individual Medley
 * Neil Cochran
 * Heat — 2:05.39
 * Final — 2:04.38 (→ [[File:Med 3.png]] Bronze Medal)

 * Robin Brew
 * Heat — 2:04.13
 * Final — 2:04.52 (→ 4th place)

Men's 400 m Individual Medley
 * Stephen Poulter
 * Heat — 4:25.38
 * Final — 4:25.80 (→ 7th place)

 * Stuart Willmott
 * Heat — 4:32.90
 * B-Final — 4:31.10 (→ 15th place)

Men's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay
 * David Lowe, Roland Lee, Paul Easter, and Richard Burrell
 * Heat — 3:24.59
 * Final — 3:23.61 (→ 5th place)

Men's 4 × 200 m Freestyle Relay
 * Neil Cochran, Paul Easter, Paul Howe, and Andrew Astbury
 * Heat — 7:26.83
 * Final — 7:24.78 (→ [[File:Med 3.png]] Bronze Medal)

Men's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay
 * Neil Harper, Adrian Moorhouse, Andy Jameson, and David Lowe
 * Heat — 3:49.86

 * Neil Harper, Adrian Moorhouse, Andy Jameson, and Richard Burrell
 * Final — 3:47.39 (→ 6th place)

Women's 100 m Freestyle
 * Women's Competition
 * June Croft
 * Heat — 57.12
 * Final — 57.11 (→ 7th place)

 * Nicola Fibbens
 * Heat — 57.80
 * B-Final — 57.36 (→ 11th place)

Women's 200 m Freestyle
 * June Croft
 * Heat — 2:01.05
 * Final — 2:00.64 (→ 6th place)

 * Annabelle Cripps
 * Heat — 2:04.44
 * B-Final — 2:04.90 (→ 15th place)

Women's 400 m Freestyle
 * Sarah Hardcastle
 * Heat — 4:11.55
 * Final — 4:10.27 (→ [[File:Med 2.png]] Silver Medal)

 * June Croft
 * Heat — 4:15.51
 * Final — 4:11.49 (→ [[File:Med 3.png]] Bronze Medal)

Women's 800 m Freestyle
 * Sarah Hardcastle
 * Heat — 8:35.87
 * Final — 8:32.60 (→ [[File:Med 3.png]] Bronze Medal)

 * Annabelle Cripps
 * Heat — 8:58.09 (→ did not advance, 14th place)

Women's 100 m Backstroke
 * Beverley Rose
 * Heat — 1:03.61
 * Final — 1:04.16 (→ 7th place)

 * Catherine White
 * Heat — 1:05.03
 * B-Final — 1:04.99 (→ 13th place)

Women's 200 m Backstroke
 * Catherine White
 * Heat — 2:18.02
 * B-Final — 2:17.63 (→ 10th place)

 * Katherine Read
 * Heat — 2:18.92
 * B-Final — 2:18.33 (→ 11th place)

Women's 200 m Butterfly
 * Samantha Purvis
 * Heat — 2:11.97
 * Final — 2.12.33 (→ 5th place)

 * Ann Osgerby
 * Heat — 2:16.31
 * B-Final — 2:19.10 (→ 16th place)

Women's 200 m Individual Medley
 * Gaynor Stanley
 * Heat — 2:24.94
 * B-Final — 2:21.71 (→ 13th place)

 * Zara Long
 * Heat — 2:23.89
 * B-Final — 2:22.25 (→ 14th place)

Women's 400 m Individual Medley
 * Gaynor Stanley
 * Heat — 4:53.70
 * Final — 4:52.83 (→ 7th place)

 * Sarah Hardcastle
 * Heat — 4:55.78
 * B-Final — 4:51.55 (→ 9th place)

Women's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay
 * Annabelle Cripps, Nicola Fibbens, Debra Gore, and June Croft
 * Heat — 3:51.47
 * Final — 3:50.12 (→ 6th place)

Women's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay
 * Beverley Rose, Jean Hill, Nicola Fibbens, and June Croft
 * Heat — 4:16.83
 * Final — 4:14.05 (→ 4th place)


text:
Cleveland Rocks

"Cleveland Rocks" is a rock song by Ian Hunter from his 1979 album You're Never Alone with a Schizophrenic. The song is seen as a de facto anthem in Cleveland, Ohio. The song was played every Friday at 5:00 PM on Cleveland radio station WMMS beginning in 1979 and is used as a victory song for the city's sports teams. In recognition of "Cleveland Rocks", Hunter was given the key to the city by Cleveland mayor Dennis Kucinich on June 19, 1979. A cover of the song by The Presidents of the United States of America was used as the theme song for The Drew Carey Show.

Origins
The song was inspired in part by the songwriter's desire to counteract the poor reputation of a city for which he had some affection. Hunter states on his web site, "the inspiration for 'Cleveland Rocks' goes back to the old days when people used to make fun of Cleveland. Cleveland was 'uncool' and LA and NYC were 'cool'. I didn't see it that way. Lotta heart in Cleveland."

The song was first released in 1977 under the title "England Rocks" on a single in the United Kingdom, predating the release of the "Cleveland" version by two years. Hunter has maintained, however, that Cleveland was the original subject of the song, stating on his web site, "I originally wrote 'Cleveland Rocks' for Cleveland. I changed it later to 'England Rocks' because I thought it should be a single somewhere and Columbia wouldn't release it as a single in the U.S. (too regional). 'Cleveland Rocks' is Cleveland's song and that's the truth."

A live version of "Cleveland Rocks" appears on Hunter's 1980 album Welcome to the Club and on the soundtrack to the 1987 film Light of Day, a movie with Joan Jett and Michael J. Fox that is based in Cleveland.

The "England Rocks" version appears on the compilation albums Shades of Ian Hunter: The Ballad of Ian Hunter and Mott the Hoople and The Very Best of Ian Hunter, as well on the CD re-issue of Hunter's 1977 album Overnight Angels.

The original version also serves as an unofficial tribute to the history of rock and roll, as at the beginning of the song, it has an archival sample of Cleveland disc jockey Alan Freed introducing his show on WJW, The Moondog Show, before suddenly seguing into the intro to "Cleveland Rocks". (Freed had been deceased for fourteen years at the time of the release of "Cleveland Rocks".) Freed's show on WJW launched several rock and roll acts in the early days of the genre, and would form part of the basis of opening the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland sixteen years later. Hunter performed "Cleveland Rocks" in the pregame ceremonies of Game 3 of the 2007 NBA Finals at Quicken Loans Arena—the first NBA Finals game played in the state of Ohio.

Reception
Smash Hits said, "The man who launched a thousand poseurs (along with Bowie about the most influential figure of the mid-seventies) returns with a furious, huge production of a number which isn't a million miles away from his "All the Way from Memphis" classic."

Cover versions
The song was covered in 1997 by The Presidents of the United States of America as the opening theme of the television program The Drew Carey Show, a situation comedy set in Cleveland. It accompanied a lavish opening sequence in which the cast lip-synced the song while performing elaborate choreography. The band covered the entire song with the exception of the portion that said "find a place, grab a space, and yell and scream for more.” Only part of the covered portion was used for the Drew Carey theme. At the beginning of the recording, Drew Carey (a native of Cleveland) can be heard saying "Hey!" and then laughing, and at the end shouting "Ohio!" to an echoing effect. The latter soundbite appears in both the theme song and the full-length version of the song, and is a direct remake of the original, which has a similar "Ohio!" soundbyte at the end. The song is a track on the album Cleveland Rocks! Music from The Drew Carey Show as well as on the band's compilation Pure Frosting.  This version is traditionally played after a home win for either the Cleveland Guardians or Cleveland Cavaliers. Although it was never played for the Cleveland Browns, Carey had the Browns fans chant "Cleveland Rocks!" when the team returned to playing in the city in 1999. The song's title has also been referenced several times on The Price is Right, which Carey has hosted since 2007.

Hunter's original version would later open a Drew Carey "mistakes" episode. For the final season of Drew Carey, the theme song was performed in a different musical style for each episode (as were the previous two themes, "Moon Over Parma" from the first season and "Five O'Clock World" from the second).

title: Cleveland Rocks


text:
Talk:Protestantism in China

POV
The descriptions of Chinese terms sounds suspiciously like Point Of View, though I don't know enough to be sure. Also, this article subject seems redundant; I think it should be merged into and redirected to Christianity in China --DDerby 22:20, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * A separate article is necessary because of the scope of the topic and the distinct histories of the two major denominations of Christianity in China 70.57.137.163 22:29, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC) [Dpr]
 * Perhaps. How about this:
 * Chinese language typically divides Christians into two groups, members of Jidu jiao, (literally, Christianity) Protestantism, and members of Tianzhu jiao (literally, Tianzhu religion), Catholicism.
 * That is inconsistent - if you are going to translate literally, translate what Tianzhu means, and explain better the nuances of what Jidu jiao means. --DDerby 22:51, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps I was able to improve. Thanks for the suggestions. -- Dpr 19:25, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Categories
Instantnood, thanks for keepoing a keen eye. Today, though, without actually looking at the page history, I added the Religion in PRC category...the article incorporates both religion in China and religion in PRC scope, so I think both are appropriate. Dpr 19:33, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Haiti christian Luttepourleciel (talk) 12:34, 14 August 2017 (UTC)

False figure: 110 million
This study explains that high numbers are based on 1980s false statistics. The recent survey by Werner Burklin disputes the alleged "official" figure (no proof to confirm officiality). —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.180.11.90 (talk) 21:40, 12 December 2007 (UTC)

December 2007 POV
Same problems of the article Christianity in China. An old figure (January 2007), recently denied by documented surveys, is used as the only source. --Esimal (talk) 23:01, 14 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I've NPOVised the introduction, highlighting the latest studies and surveys and the problem of false statistics examined by Tony Lambert. --Xi Zhu (talk) 10:50, 16 December 2007 (UTC)

 * see:Talk:Christianity in China for my response to the last edits to this article. There is an additional problem in retaining the graphic that I created, in that it is not neutral or representative of all of the claims that both Xi Zhu and I are asserting.Brian0324 (talk) 15:50, 18 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I've re-added POV tags, this article has the same problems highlightened here. --Xi Zhu (talk) 19:43, 11 April 2008 (UTC)

Sources and citations
Needs to use more of the sources from further reading, and use appropriate citations with pages. Few cites for its assertions; too much reliance on dated sources and primary quotes. Too POV.Parkwells (talk) 01:03, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

removing POV tag with no active discussion per Template:POV
I've removed an old neutrality tag from this page that appears to have no active discussion per the instructions at Template:POV:
 * This template is not meant to be a permanent resident on any article. Remove this template whenever:
 * There is consensus on the talkpage or the NPOV Noticeboard that the issue has been resolved
 * It is not clear what the neutrality issue is, and no satisfactory explanation has been given
 * In the absence of any discussion, or if the discussion has become dormant.

Since there's no evidence of ongoing discussion, I'm removing the tag for now. If discussion is continuing and I've failed to see it, however, please feel free to restore the template and continue to address the issues. Thanks to everybody working on this one! -- Khazar2 (talk) 22:45, 20 June 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Protestantism in China


text:
Pumsaint

Pumsaint is a village in Carmarthenshire, Wales, halfway between Llanwrda and Lampeter on the A482 in the valley of the Afon Cothi. It forms part of the extensive estate of Dolaucothi, which is owned by the National Trust.

The name is Welsh for "Five Saints" (Pump being the word for "five"). The name is derived from the stone block at the nearby gold mines, opposite Ogofau Lodge, which has four sides, each of which has hollows probably caused by pestle impacts. It was used as an anvil for crushing gold ore in the Roman period. Excavations in the 1990s of the area adjacent to the stone showed that the stone was originally horizontal and used as an anvil for a water-powered crushing mill. There are many parallels from Spanish mines of the Roman period with similar stone anvils.

Places of interest
The nearby conservation area has several scheduled ancient monuments including the Dolaucothi Gold Mines. Archaeologists have uncovered evidence of Roman occupation of the area, including Roman aqueducts, numerous tanks, cisterns and reservoirs, timber buildings and a fort. There are also extensive underground workings which can be viewed in guided tours organised by the National Trust. Archaeology suggests that gold extraction on this site may have started sometime in the Bronze Age, possibly by washing of the gold-bearing gravels of the Afon Cothi, the most elementary type of gold prospecting. Sextus Julius Frontinus was sent into Roman Britain in 74 AD to succeed Quintus Petillius Cerialis as governor. He subdued the Silures, Demetae and other hostile tribes of Roman Wales, establishing a new base at Caerleon for Legio II Augusta and a network of smaller Roman forts 15 to 20 kilometres apart for his Roman auxiliary units. During his tenure, he probably established the fort at Pumsaint in west Wales, largely to exploit the gold deposits at Dolaucothi. Frontinus later restored the Aqueducts of Rome.

That gold occurred here is shown by the discovery of a hoard of gold ornaments in the 18th century. Objects found included a wheel brooch and snake bracelets, so named because they were soft enough to be coiled around the arm for display. All the objects are now held in the British Museum, and displayed in the Romano-British gallery. A sample of gold ore was found at the site by Henry de la Beche in 1844, confirming the presence of gold.

Evidence from the fort (known as Luentinum from details given by Ptolemy) and vicus show that the Romans worked the mine during the first and second centuries AD (from c. AD 78 until around AD 125), judging by the occupation of the fort. However coarse ware and Samian ware pottery recovered from a reservoir (Melin-y-Milwyr) within the mine complex show that activity at the mines continued until the late third century at least. Since Ptolemy's map dates to about 150 AD, it is likely then that it continued being worked until the end of the third century if not beyond. The Romans made extensive use of water carried by several aqueducts and leats (the longest of which is about 7 mi from its source in a gorge of the river) to prospect for the gold veins hidden beneath the soil on the hillsides above the modern village of Pumsaint. Small streams on Mynydd Mallaen, the Annell and Gwenlais, were used initially to provide water for prospecting, and there are several large tanks for holding the water still visible above an isolated opencast pit carved in the side of the hill north of the main site. The water was used in a method known as hushing, where a wave is released to sweep soil and sub-soil away to reveal bare rock. The method was also used to remove as rock debris after a vein was attacked using tools and fire-setting to produce the opencast. The larger aqueduct from the Cothi crosses this opencast, proving the opencast to be earlier.

Other attractions
Other places of interest include the Red Kite Visitor Centre, located in the Old Coach House in the centre of the village, where displays on the oak woodlands, the traditional nesting place of the bird, may be viewed. To the north up the Cothi valley and across the watershed into the Tywi valley lies the large dam of Llyn Brianne and the wilderness beyond is good pony trekking country.

The area is a popular place for caravan, fishing and riding holidays.

title: Pumsaint


text:
Norway at the 1984 Summer Olympics

Norway was represented at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles by the Norwegian Olympic Committee and Confederation of Sports. Norway returned to the Summer Games after participating in the American-led boycott of the 1980 Summer Olympics. 103 competitors, 84 men and 19 women, took part in 76 events in 17 sports.

Archery
In the third appearance by the nation in the archery competition at the Olympics, Norway was again represented by only one man. He posted Norway's best ranking in Olympic archery history with the 23rd place.

Men's Individual Competition:
 * Jan Roger Skyttesæter — 2.465 points (→ 23rd place)

Athletics
Men's Marathon
 * Øyvind Dahl — 2:19:28 (→ 33rd place)
 * Stig Roar Husby — did not finish (→ no ranking)

Women's Marathon
 * Grete Waitz — 2:26:18 (→ [[Image:Med 2.png]] Silver Medal)
 * Ingrid Kristiansen — 2:27:34 (→ 4th place)
 * Bente Moe — 2:40:52 (→ 26th place)

Men's Javelin Throw
 * Per Erling Olsen
 * Qualification — 87.76 metres
 * Final — 78.98 metres (→ 9th place)

 * Reidar Lorentzen
 * Qualification — 76.62 metres (did not advance, 15th place)

Women's Javelin Throw
 * Trine Hattestad
 * Round 1 — 62.68 metres
 * Final — 64.52 metres (→ 5th place)

Men's Discus Throw
 * Knut Hjeltnes
 * Round 1 — 60.80 metres (→ advanced to the final)
 * Final — 65.28 metres (→ 4th place)

Men's Hammer Throw
 * Tore Johnsen – Round 1, 65.72 metres (did not advance)

Men's Decathlon
 * Trond Skramstad
 * Final Result — 7579 points (→ 17th place)

Men's 20 km walk Men's 50 km walk
 * Erling Andersen — 1:25:42 (→ 8th place)
 * Lars Ove Moen — 4:15:12 (→ 13th place)
 * Erling Andersen — disqualified (→ no ranking)

Boxing
Men's Light-Welterweight
 * Javid Aslam

Men's Light-Middleweight
 * Simen Auseth

Men's Heavyweight
 * Magne Havnå

Cycling
Ten cyclists represented Norway in 1984.

 * Men's individual road race
 * Dag Otto Lauritzen — +0:21 (→ [[Image:Med 3.png]] Bronze Medal)
 * Morten Sæther — +0:21 (→ 4th place)
 * Atle Kvålsvoll — +6:48 (→ 20th place)
 * Hans Petter Ødegård — did not finish (→ no ranking)

 * Team time trial
 * Dag Hopen
 * Hans Petter Ødegård
 * Arnstein Raunehaug
 * Morten Sæther

 * 1000m time trial
 * Rolf Morgan Hansen

 * Women's individual road race
 * Unni Larsen — 2:11:14 (→ 4th place)
 * Nina Søby — 2:13:28 (→ 18th place)
 * Hege Stendahl — 2:13:28 (→ 19th place)

Diving
Men's 3m springboard Men's 10m platform Women's 3m springboard Women's 10m platform
 * Jon Grunde Vegard – 531.48 (→ did not advance)
 * Jon Grunde Vegard – 494.67 (→ 11th place)
 * Tine Tollan – 419.55 (→ did not advance)
 * Tine Tollan – 341.31 (→ 12th place)

Fencing
Six fencers, all men, represented Norway in 1984.

 * Men's foil
 * Jeppe Normann

 * Men's épée
 * Nils Koppang
 * Bård Vonen
 * John Hugo Pedersen

 * Men's team épée
 * Paal Frisvold, Nils Koppang, John Hugo Pedersen, Ivar Schjøtt, Bård Vonen

Football
Men's Team Competition
 * Preliminary Round (Group A)
 * Norway – Chile 0-0
 * Norway – France 1-2
 * Norway – Qatar 2-0

 * Quarterfinals
 * Did not advance

 * Team Roster
 * ( 1.) Erik Thorstvedt
 * ( 2.) Svein Fjælberg
 * ( 3.) Terje Kojedal
 * ( 4.) Knut Torbjørn Eggen
 * ( 5.) Trond Sirevåg
 * ( 6.) Per Egil Ahlsen
 * ( 7.) Per Edmund Mordt
 * ( 8.) Kai Erik Herlovsen
 * ( 9.) Stein Gran
 * (10.) Tom Sundby
 * (11.) Stein Kollshaugen
 * (12.) Ola By Rise
 * (13.) Joar Vaadal
 * (14.) Egil Johansen
 * (15.) Jan Berg
 * (16.) André Krogsæter
 * (17.) Arve Seland

Men's Half-Lightweight

 * Alfredo Chinchilla

Swimming
Men's 400m Freestyle
 * Arne Borgstrøm
 * Heat — 3:57.88
 * B-Final — 3:57.46 (→ 13th place)

Men's 100m Breaststroke
 * Jan-Erick Olsen
 * Heat — 1:05.43 (→ did not advance, 21st place)

Men's 200m Breaststroke
 * Jan-Erick Olsen
 * Heat — 2:25.75 (→ did not advance, 25th place)

Men's 200m Individual Medley
 * Arne Borgstrøm
 * Heat — 2:08.09
 * B-Final — 2:08.03 (→ 14th place)

Men's 400m Individual Medley
 * Arne Borgstrøm
 * Heat — 4:28.37
 * B-Final — 4:28.20 (→ 11th place)

Women's 100m Backstroke
 * Lise Lotte Nylund
 * Heat — DSQ (→ did not advance, no ranking)

Women's 200m Backstroke
 * Lise Lotte Nylund
 * Heat — DNS (→ did not advance, no ranking)

Women's 200m Butterfly
 * Katrine Bomstad
 * Heat — 2:19.46 (→ did not advance, 18th place)

Women's 200m Individual Medley
 * Katrine Bomstad
 * Heat — 2:19.88
 * Final — 2:20.48 (→ 8th place)

 * Beda Leirvaag
 * Heat — DSQ (→ did not advance, no ranking)

Women's 400m Individual Medley
 * Katrine Bomstad
 * Heat — 4:52.74
 * Final — 4:53.28 (→ 8th place)

 * Beda Leirvaag
 * Heat — DNS (→ did not advance, no ranking)

title: Norway at the 1984 Summer Olympics


text:
William Connellan

William Connellan (c.1630; date of death unknown) was an Irish harper and composer for the harp.

Life
William Connellan was born in Cloonmahon, County Sligo, the younger brother of Thomas Connellan (c.1625–1698). Like Thomas, he became a harper and composer. William is famous for the words and music of "Molly McAlpine", sometimes also known as "Carolan's Dream". Turlough Carolan, Ireland's pre-eminent harper-composer of the late 17th and early 18th century, loved the song so much that he is stated as having said that he "would rather have been the composer of 'Molly McAlpine' than of any melody he himself had ever composed". He may also have composed the tune "Caoineach Luimnigh" (The Lament for Limerick). After Thomas's death, he travelled extensively in Scotland, where he was well known. There his version of "Luimnigh" became Lochabar No More. He is also credited with Love's A Tormenting Pain and probably Killiecrankie.

Arthur O'Neill (1734-1818) refers to William in his memoirs:
 * I heard much of his brother William Connellan, who was a famous harper and a fine composer. He died in the county of Waterford.

title: William Connellan


text: Category:Parasitic fungi

title: Category:Parasitic fungi


text:
User:Thechamelon

Hi!

I tried to get the username TheChameleon or any of it's namebrothers, but... grrr... You see, I liked the chameleon since I was a little child. It had something magic that made me dazzled. The ability to change colour (I thought it was so it could blend in with the surroundings) and it's passive hunting methods...

Anyway,

I like Martial Arts specially Bujinkan since I'm training it. I also like breakdance, however I'm not a b-boy at all... I also like the thought of free knowledge to all people. And I like systems (lists, tables, international convensions, etc.)

I think that the world would be better if it was only one state. Everyone could move where they wanted, racism would be gone, genes would be mixed in a better way, there wouldn't be poor countries, everyone would experience democracy, freedom and justice... And so on...

What do you think?

title: User:Thechamelon


text:
Concealer

A concealer or color corrector is a type of cosmetic that is used to mask imperfections on the skin. These imperfections can include dark circles under the eyes, blemishes, and hyperpigmentation. Concealer is similar to, and can be used in conjunction with foundation, a lighter cosmetic that is used to even out the skin tone. Both concealer and foundation are typically used to make skin appear smoother and more uniform in color. These two types of cosmetics differ in that concealers tend to be more heavily pigmented, though concealer and foundation are both available in a wide range of colors and opacities.

To use a concealer, an individual typically applies a small amount of product to the area of the skin that they want to cover. The concealer is then blended into the surrounding skin using a brush, sponge, or the fingertips to create a seamless finish. Concealers can be applied before or after foundation, depending on the desired effect. Applying concealer before foundation can help to create a more even canvas for the foundation, while applying concealer after foundation can help to touch up any areas that still require coverage.

Concealers comes in different forms such as liquid, cream, stick, pencil, and powder. The first commercially available concealer was Max Factor's Erace, launched in 1954. Camouflage makeup is a much heavier pigmented form of concealer. It is used to cover serious skin discolorations such as birthmarks, scars and vitiligo.

Concealer is available in a variety of shades. When picking a concealer, people tend to choose one or two shades lighter than their skin tone to better hide their blemishes and dark circles under the eye; once blended out and then set with a powder, it will be smooth and resemble more youthful skin. Some colors are intended to look like a natural skin tone, while others are meant to cancel out the color of a particular type of blemish. Concealers with yellow undertones are used to hide dark circles. Green and blue can counteract red patches on the skin, such as those caused by pimples, broken veins, or rosacea. A purple-tinted concealer can make sallow (yellowish) complexions look brighter.

Forms
Each type of concealer is unique and has qualities that are better suited for different skin types.

 * Liquid concealer – Available in squeezable tubes, cylindrical tubes, or square tubes (also known as vials). Leaves a satin, radiant shimmer or matte finish. Liquid concealer is the most popular because it works for most skin types. This concealer also works well for acne spots because it will not bunch up around the acne or settle into the scars. The concealer does have to be set with powder or else it will crease into the fine lines of your skin. Liquid concealers can also have buildable coverage in different finishes to suit every need. A satin finish may look more natural on areas of drier skin. Best suited for normal, combination, oily, or sensitive skin and skin that is prone to breakouts. Little risk of irritating pimples.
 * Stick concealer – Leaves a matte or satin finish. Both finishes are long-lasting and will not crack or bleed. Stick concealer is used for very specific purposes because it is thicker than liquid and contains a lot of coverage. This type of concealer is also very convenient because of the packaging and its ability to be used for touchups. This concealer works best on blemishes and small areas of discoloration. The formula is very creamy and blends easily into the skin allowing for flawless touchups throughout the day. Best suited for normal, dry, or sensitive skin.
 * Cream concealer – Available in a small pot or palette, leaves a satin or cream finish on skin. Has a thick texture with opaque pigment. This type of concealer is similar to the stick concealer because it offers heavy coverage. However, you need to apply it with a brush because it can look heavy due to the intense pigmentation. Best suited for normal, dry, or sensitive skin. Also, an option for concealing birthmarks.
 * Pencil concealer – Multipurpose, creamy concealer that can be used to precisely cover small blemishes and dark spots. Manufactured in cream or wax forms, this type of concealer can be used to cover up small blemishes. It may also be used to define the shape of the eyebrows or line the inner lash line to brighten the appearance of the eyes.
 * Cream to powder concealer – Available in a powder compact/concealer. Apply with a sponge for a powdery, matte finish.

Ingredients
These are some common ingredients found in all concealer products:

• Ricinus communis (castor) seed oil

• Dimethicone

• Glycerin

• Talc

• Hydrolyzed rice protein

• Glyceryl stearate

• Kaolin

• Mineral oil

• Hydrolyzed corn starch

• Fragrance

• Oleyl alcohol

• Sodium chloride

• Color additive

• Water

title: Concealer


text:
User talk:Korhend

 * You had deleted the Neo-Fascist material from Neo-Nazism, and turned the Neo-Fascism page from a revert to a blank. You hadn't discussed any of this on the Talk pages of those articles.
 * Please sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ); it makes it much easier to reply. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 22:24, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I had discussed it on the talk page. My complaint was on the page since thursday, and there were no objections. ( Korhend )

 * A couple of days isn't really enough time; you need to give people a chance to see the complaint and respond to it(otherwise it's not really discussion). As you'll see on the Talk:Neo-Nazismpage, there is now a response, suggesting very strongly that you hold back on any drastic action. Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 22:54, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Korhend


text:
Time scale

Time scale may refer to:

 * Time standard, a specification of either the rate at which time passes, points in time, or both
 * A duration or quantity of time:
 * Orders of magnitude (time) as a power of 10 in seconds;
 * A specific unit of time
 * Geological time scale, a scale that divides up the history of Earth into scientifically meaningful periods

In astronomy and physics:
 * Dynamical time scale, in stellar physics, the time in which changes in one part of a body can be communicated to the rest of that body, or in celestial mechanics, a realization of a time-like argument based on a dynamical theory
 * Nuclear timescale, an estimate of the lifetime of a star based solely on its rate of fuel consumption
 * Thermal time scale, an estimate of the lifetime of a star once the fuel reserves at its center are used up

In cosmology and particle physics:
 * Planck time, the time scale beneath which quantum effects are comparable in significance to gravitational effects

In mathematics:
 * Time-scale calculus, the unification of the theory of difference equations with differential equations

In music:
 * Rhythm, a temporal pattern of events
 * Time scale (music), which divides music into sections of time

In project management:
 * Man-hour, the time scale used in project management to account for human labor planned or utilized

title: Time scale


text:
Luxembourg at the 1984 Summer Olympics

Luxembourg competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States.

Archery
In its third appearance in Olympic archer, Luxembourg was represented by two men and one woman. Veteran Andre Braun improved his score from four years earlier by over 70 points, but dropped eight places in the rankings due to a more competitive field. Jeannette Goergen tied Braun's 1980 performance for best ranking, at 16th place.

Women's Individual Competition

Men's Individual Competition

Athletics
Men's Marathon

title: Luxembourg at the 1984 Summer Olympics


text:
Patricia Rozema

Patricia Rozema (born 20 August 1958) is a Canadian film director, writer and producer. She was part of a loosely-affiliated group of filmmakers to emerge in 1980s from Toronto known as the Toronto New Wave.

Early life
Rozema was born in Kingston, Ontario and raised in Sarnia, Ontario. Her parents, Jacoba Berandina (née Vos) and Jan Rozema, were Dutch Calvinists. Television was severely restricted and she did not go to a movie theatre until she was 16 years old. Rozema studied philosophy and English literature at Calvin College in Michigan.

Film career
After a brief stint as a print and then television journalist (CBC Television's The Journal), Rozema directed her first feature, I've Heard the Mermaids Singing (1987), a serious comedy starring Sheila McCarthy about a loner named Polly who is an art gallery secretary and aspiring photographer. At the 1987 Cannes Film Festival, I've Heard the Mermaids Singing won the Prix de la Jeunesse. In 1993, the Toronto International Film Festival ranked it ninth in the Top 10 Canadian Films of All Time, with Rozema becoming the first female director to have a film on the list. The film did not appear on the updated 2004 version.

In 1990, Rozema directed White Room, a neo-noir starring McCarthy, Kate Nelligan, Margot Kidder, and Maurice Godin. Writing in The Washington Post, Rita Kempley described it as "a suburban gothic fairy tale, a work of dark, conflicted magic that might have been cut from Blue Velvet by Edward Scissorhands." Rozema also directed the Six Gestures (part of the Yo-Yo Ma Inspired by Bach television series), which combined images of Yo-Yo Ma performing with skating sequences by Jane Torvill and Christopher Dean, interwoven with J.S. Bach's first-person narrative. Six Gestures was nominated for a Grammy and won an Emmy Award for Outstanding Classical Music-Dance Program, as well as a Golden Rose, the top television award in Europe. She then directed the romance film When Night Is Falling in 1995 starring Pascale Bussières and Rachael Crawford, and featuring Don McKellar and Tracy Wright.

Rozema's next two feature films were made outside Canada; Mansfield Park (1999) is a revisionist adaptation of Jane Austen's novel of that name. Happy Days (2000), an Irish production, is a film version of Samuel Beckett's humorously despairing play in which a woman lives partially buried in a mound of sand.

She later directed and ghost-wrote Kit Kittredge: An American Girl (2008), which was based on the American Girl book series. The film earned Rozema a Directors Guild of Canada Award nomination for Best Director.

Rozema's television credits include the pilot and two subsequent episodes of the HBO series Tell Me You Love Me (2008), an episode of the HBO series In Treatment (2010), and episodes of the Canadian television sitcom Michael, Tuesdays and Thursdays, which premiered on CBC Television in fall 2011. She most recently worked as a director on the Amazon series Mozart in the Jungle.

Rozema and co-writer Michael Sucsy received an Emmy Award nomination (Outstanding Writing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Dramatic Special), a Writers Guild of America Award nomination (Long Form – Original) and a PEN USA Award nomination in Screenplay for the HBO movie Grey Gardens (2009).

Her feature film Into the Forest, starring Elliot Page and Evan Rachel Wood, premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in September 2015.

Her most recent feature, Mouthpiece (2018), premiering at TIFF, is an adaptation of a two-woman play created and performed by Norah Sadava and Amy Nostbakken, who also star in the film. Sadava and Nostbakken play dual versions of the same female protagonist, who struggles to find her voice while writing her mother's eulogy. A profile of Rozema in the Globe & Mail called it "her most directly political film" and added that "it also may be her most heartfelt and emotionally mature."

In 2017, Rozema founded her own production company, Crucial Things, to co-produce Mouthpiece.

Personal life
Rozema is openly lesbian and has two children with her former partner, film composer Lesley Barber.

Filmography
Short film

Feature film

TV series

Awards

 * Second prize at the Chicago International Film Festival for her short Passion: A Letter in 16 mm.
 * I've Heard the Mermaids Singing won the Prix de la Jeunesse at Director's Fortnight in Cannes and was nominated for Best Picture – with Rozema garnering nominations Best Director and Best Screenplay – at the 9th Genie Awards in 1988. The film received 17 further awards. It is listed as one of the Best Canadian Films of All Time by the International Film Critics association.
 * White Room earned 4 prizes, and 3 Genie nominations.
 * When Night Is Falling premiered in competition in the 45th Berlin International Film Festival and went on to win over 30 awards from different countries and at various gay and lesbian film festivals.
 * Yo-Yo Ma, Inspired by Bach Rozema's episode "Six Gestures" won a Prime Time Emmy Award and was nominated for a Grammy. (other contributors included Atom Egoyan)

title: Patricia Rozema


text:
Akkeshi, Hokkaido

Akkeshi (厚岸町) is a town located in Kushiro Subprefecture, Hokkaido. As of April 30th, 2024, it has a population of 8,276, and an area of 734.82 km2. Lake Akkeshi is a Ramsar Site.

History

 * Edo period – Was a penal colony for the Matsumae-han.
 * 1900 – 4 towns and 7 villages combine, forming the town of Akkeshi.
 * 1917 – Inauguration of Akkeshi Railway Station.
 * 1935 - Japanese composer Akira Ifukube received the first prize for his first orchestral work 'Japanese Rhapsody' in an international contest for young composers promoted by Alexander Tcherepnin.
 * 1955 – The south half of the former Ota Village merges with Akkeshi.

Demographics
Per Japanese census data, the population of Akkeshi has declined in recent decades.

Sights
Shinryu, the northern part of the town is linked to Honcho, the southern part, by a bridge offering a scenic view of the lagoon which separates both parts. The length of the bridge is 456 m.

Kokutai-ji is a Buddhist temple in Honcho which was founded in 1802. It is one of the oldest and most important temples of Hokkaido. The temple is operated by Rinzai school, one of three sects of Zen in Japanese Buddhism. Missionary activities to convert the Ainu started here in 1804.

Traffic connections
Akkeshi is about 50 km east of Kushiro on the east coast of Hokkaido. The town is on Nemuro Sen railway line and can be reached by train from Kushiro and Nemuro several times a day. The railway station is in Shinryu. The nearest airport is in Kushiro.

Mascot
Akkeshi's mascot is Umiemon (うみえもん). He is a yōkai samurai from the sea. His chonmage is stylized like a sea urchin, his eyebrows resembles kelp, his nose is like the Japanese littleneck clam and his ears are like Sakhalin surf clams. His hakama is armored with scallops. The sode (spaulders) on his hakama resembled oysters. His weapon is the saury (when he wields it, it acts like a katana to give a powerful slap to his adversaries).

title: Akkeshi, Hokkaido


text: Category:Super Basketball League

title: Category:Super Basketball League


text:
Talk:Patricia Rozema

Awards
There are a bunch more awards and nominations she's received - if someone wants to take the time to add them. I'm feeling a bit lazy now... -GrantNeufeld 22:26, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Sexual Orientation
A comment to the adding of the Category:Gay, lesbian or bisexual people tag to this article:

While her film When Night Is Falling has bi-sexual and lesbian characters in positive lead roles, Rozema herself (to the best of my knowledge) is hetero. GrantNeufeld 09:23, 3 May 2005 (UTC)

I've found a cite: says:
 * She has identified herself as lesbian, although she has resisted being narrowly categorized as a lesbian filmmaker.

-- The Anome 09:31, May 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Thanks for finding that. -GrantNeufeld 14:28, 3 May 2005 (UTC)

Home?
This article & Kingston, Ontario lists her as a Kingstonian, yet not born or educated there & her bio site doesn't mention the place. Can anyone clarify her association with Kingston? Thanks. Bridesmill 02:23, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

Filmography
Several titles are out of order (chronologically)  — Preceding unsigned comment added by 173.59.51.174 (talk) 03:44, 24 November 2015 (UTC)

 * IMDB says she was born in Kingston for what it's worth. SmallTalkiesDOTcom (talk) 03:45, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Patricia Rozema


text:
Ajax (play)

Sophocles' Ajax, or Aias ( or ; Αἴας, gen. Αἴαντος), is a Greek tragedy written in the 5th century BCE. Ajax may be the earliest of Sophocles' seven tragedies to have survived, though it is probable that he had been composing plays for a quarter of a century already when it was first staged. It appears to belong to the same period as his Antigone, which was probably performed in 442 or 441 BCE, when he was 55 years old. The play depicts the fate of the warrior Ajax, the second greatest hero at Troy (after Achilles), after the events of the Iliad but before the end of the Trojan War.

Plot
The play opens with a dialogue between Athena and Odysseus: After the great warrior Achilles had been killed in battle, there was a question as to who should receive his armor. As the man who now could be considered the greatest Greek warrior, Ajax felt he should be given Achilles' armor, but the two kings, Agamemnon and Menelaus, awarded it instead to Odysseus. Ajax became furious and decided to kill the three of them. However, Athena stepped in and deluded Ajax into instead killing the spoil of the Greek army, which includes cattle as well as the herdsman. Athena gave false visions to Ajax, making him see the animals as humans.

Athena summons Ajax, who comes on stage and expresses his belief that he has slaughtered Agamemnon and Menelaus. He departs in order to hunt Odysseus. His concubine, Tecmessa, and the chorus discuss and describe Ajax's madness and terrible actions. They are interrupted by Ajax crying out from off-stage, as Ajax suddenly comes to his senses and realizes what he has done. Overwhelmed by shame, he decides to commit suicide. Tecmessa pleads for him not to leave her and their child, Eurysaces, unprotected. Ajax then gives his son his shield, and leaves the house saying that he is going out to purify himself and to bury the sword given to him by Hector. Teucer, Ajax's half-brother, arrives. Teucer has learned from the prophet, Calchas, that Ajax should not be allowed to leave his tent until the end of the day or he will die. Tecmessa and soldiers then try to find Ajax, but they are too late. Ajax has indeed buried his sword – by impaling himself upon it. Before his suicide, Ajax calls for vengeance against the sons of Atreus (Menelaus and Agamemnon) and the whole Greek army. Tecmessa is the first one to discover Ajax's body. Teucer then arrives and orders that Ajax's son be brought to him so that he will be safe from foes. Menelaus appears and orders the body not to be moved.

The last part of the play is taken up with an angry dispute regarding what to do with Ajax's body. The two kings, Agamemnon and Menelaus, want to leave the body unburied for scavengers to ravage, while Teucer wants to bury it. Odysseus arrives and persuades Agamemnon and Menelaus to allow Ajax a proper funeral. Odysseus points out that even one's enemies deserve respect in death. The play ends with Teucer making arrangements for the burial.

Ajax or Aias
The original title of the play in the ancient Greek is Αἴας. Ajax is the romanized version, and Aias is the English transliteration from the original Greek. Proper nouns in Ancient Greek have conventionally been romanized before entering the English language, but it has been common for translations since the end of the 20th century to use direct English transliterations of the original Greek.

The text of the play suggests the original pronunciation of Ajax's name in lines 430–432, Ajax (or Aias), the protagonist, states that it has an onomatopoeic resemblance to a wailing cry of lament: "aiai!" Translators have treated this passage in different ways:

Aiai! My name is a lament! Who would have thought it would fit so well with my misfortunes! Now truly I can cry out – aiai! – two and three times in my agony.

Aiee, Ajax! My name says what I feel; who'd have believed that pain and I'd be one; Aiee, Ajax! I say it twice, and then again, aiee, for what is happening.

Critical reception and analysis

Ajax, as he appears in this play, in the Iliad, and other myths, is a heroic figure, a "rugged giant", with strength, courage and the ability to think quickly well beyond the normal standards of mankind. He was considered a legendary character to the people of ancient Athens. Numerous Homeric myths describe him coming to the rescue of his fellow man in dire moments. Hugh Lloyd-Jones points out that many authorities consider Ajax an early play, but he suggests that if the text excludes material that he has bracketed, then it would seem to be a "mature masterpiece, probably not much earlier than Oedipus Tyrannus". Lloyd-Jones considers various lines that have been taken by critics interpreting the play, and finds that some consider that the Greek gods are being portrayed by Sophocles as just, and that when Ajax suffers it is a learning-experience for the character and the audience. Other interpretations of the play, according to Lloyd-Jones, instead consider that Ajax is being portrayed heroically in defiance of the unjust and capricious gods. Lloyd-Jones, notes that Ajax's murderous intentions in this play are not softened by the playwright, and the difficult aspects of his character are fully depicted, but in spite of that Sophocles shows profound sympathy for the greatness of Ajax, and appreciation for the bravery in Ajax's realization that suicide is the only choice – if he is to maintain his conception of honor and his sense of self.

In another interpretation, Robert Bagg and James Scully point out that the play is composed in two distinct parts; the first part is steeped in the old world, a world of kings and heroes, and the second part resembles more the democratic world of Sophocles' Greece, and is marked by an imperfect debate of contending ideas. Bagg and Scully consider that the play, with its two parts, may be seen as an important epoch-spanning work that raises complex questions, including: How does 5th-century Greece advance from the old world into the new? Especially considering that Greece, in its stories and thoughts, clings and reveres the old world? And while clinging to the past, Greece considers that its new, democratic order is important and vital. As Bagg and Scully contend, Ajax, with his brute force has been a great warrior-hero of the old world, but the Trojan war itself has changed and become a quagmire; what's needed now is a warrior who is intelligent – someone like Odysseus. Ultimately, according to Bagg and Scully's interpretation, Ajax must still be respected, and the end of the play demonstrates respect and human decency with the promise of a proper burial.

John Moore interprets the play as primarily a character study of Ajax, who, when he first appears covered in the blood of the animals that he in his madness has killed, presents an image of total degradation; the true action of the play, according to Moore, is how this image is transformed from degradation, as Ajax recovers his heroic power and humanity. The play, according to Moore, personifies in Ajax an affirmation of what is heroic in life. Translators Frederic Raphael and Kenneth McLeish called the work a "masterpiece", arguing that "Sophocles turned the almost comic myth of a bad loser into a tragedy of disappointment, folly, and divine partiality."

Bernard Knox considers Ajax's speech on "time" to be "so majestic, remote and mysterious, and at the same time so passionate, dramatic and complex" that if this were the only writing we had of Sophocles, he would still be considered "one of the world's greatest poets." The speech begins: Long rolling waves of time bring all things to light and plunge them down again in utter darkness.

In a study of the phenomenon of suicide bombers, one author, Arata Takeda, says that though in the end it does not quite work that way, Ajax's death resembles that kind of strategy, when Ajax calls on the Erinyes, the "avenging deities of the underworld", to destroy his foes.

Performance history
The American director Peter Sellars staged an adaption of the play, also called Ajax, written by Robert Auletta at the Kennedy Center in New York and at the La Jolla Playhouse in San Diego in 1986. The setting was relocated to the United States in the near future, having recently won a war in Latin America, which had, however, gone very badly. Howie Seago played Ajax, Ralph Marrero played Menelaus, Aleta Mitchell played Athene, and Ben Halley Jr. was the leader of the chorus. The set design was by George Tsypin and the costumes by Dunya Ramicova.

Ajax was produced at the American Repertory Theater in Cambridge in 2011, in modern dress, with a setting that appeared to be a war zone somewhere in the Middle East. It was translated by Charles Connaghan, and directed by Sarah Benson.

In May 2016, Jeff S. Dailey directed the play for a limited Off Broadway run at the John Cullum Theatre in midtown Manhattan. It set the play Sophocles' original location of Troy and featured Matthew Hansen in the title role.

Adaptations
Timberlake Wertenbaker's play Our Ajax, which was first performed in November 2013 at the Southwark Playhouse, London, was inspired by Sophocles' tragedy. It has a contemporary military setting, with references to modern warfare including the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Wertenbaker made use of interviews with current and former servicemen and women in developing the play.

English translations

 * Thomas Francklin, 1759.
 * Theodore Alois Buckley, 1849.
 * Edward Hayes Plumptre, 1878. (full text available at Wikisource)
 * Lewis Campbell, 1883 (full text, with audio, available at Wikisource)
 * Richard Claverhouse Jebb, [1896] 1917. (full text available at Wikisource)
 * R. C. Trevelyan, 1919. (full text available at Wikisource)
 * E. F. Watling, 1953.
 * John Moore, 1969.
 * Robert Auletta, 1986.
 * Robert Cannon, 1990.
 * Hugh Lloyd-Jones, 1994.
 * Frederick Raphael and Kenneth McLeish, 1998.
 * Michael Evans, 1999.
 * Herbert Golder and Richard Pevear, 1999.
 * David Raeburn, 2008.
 * John Tipton, 2008.
 * George Theodoridis, 2009 – prose: full text.
 * Ian C. Johnston, 2009 – verse: full text.
 * James Scully, 2011.
 * Charles Connaghan, 2011.
 * Oliver Taplin, 2015.
 * Lewis Campbell, 2015. (reprint of the 1883 edition)
 * Maura Giles Watson, 2017 (performance translation) full text downloadable

title: Ajax (play)


text:
Draw plate

A draw plate is type of die consisting of a hardened steel plate with one or more tapered holes through which wire is drawn to make it thinner. A typical plate will have twenty to thirty holes, so a wide range of diameters can be drawn.

Drawing wire
Before drawing, the draw plate is held securely in a vise or other fixture. The plate is oriented so that the wider end of a tapered opening can receive a metal wire which is to be pulled through it.

Annealed soft, ductile wire is filed at one end to give it an initial taper. The tapered end is inserted into a tapered hole with a final diameter just smaller than its current width. Special pliers, called draw tongs are used to hold the tip of the wire and pull it through, sometimes with the aid of grease or wax as a lubricant. Small-diameter wire may be drawn manually, while very thick wire may require a drawing bench with a crank to produce enough force.

Typically, a wire can be drawn three times in sequence before it needs to be re-annealed. This must be done because drawing wire hardens it, which causes the wire to become brittle. Brittle wire that has not been annealed may snap during the drawing process (or develop microscopic or macroscopic cracks, which may weaken the piece or "grow" with further working).

With a mandrel, a draw plate can be used to draw tubes of metal. Plates are available in many different sizes and shapes for drawing different shapes of wire, including round, square, oval, half-round, and hexagonal.

History
The origins of wire-drawing are uncertain. One of the earliest known written references to wire-making is Exodus 39:3, which suggests that gold was hammered into sheets, cut into strips, and then these strips were made into gold wire, but the precise technique is not clear. The oldest clear written descriptions of the method are the twelfth-century De diversis artibus by Theophilus Presbyter and the sixteenth-century De la pirotechnia by Vannoccio Biringuccio. As of 2023, the earliest known draw plates dated to around the sixth century.

title: Draw plate


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Creative Plumbing

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 13:16, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Creative Plumbing
Advertisement page taken (but not copied) from the company's website. --DDerby 22:29, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Vanity, probably not notable. Delete. BLANKFAZE | (что??) 22:41, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Blatant spamvertising. Delete Chris 23:54, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * For the same reasons, Delete Delirium 05:09, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: spamvertising. Wile E. Heresiarch 00:33, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, ad. Pavel Vozenilek 00:32, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.