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User talk:Disbomber

On minor-edits and NRM/cult discussions
Hi; nice work on Opposition to cults and new religious movements. Just thought I'd let you know, though, you seem to be misunderstanding the "minor edit" flag -- things like grammar and spelling fixes are usually minor edits, but edits made for NPOVing generally can't be. The rule of thumb is "If someone could object to this edit, it's not minor." -- Antaeus Feldspar 01:44, 22 May 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for the compliment and the info on the minor edit flag--I will most definitely keep that in mind. When I checked the minor edit flag, my justification to myself was that although I made NPOV changes, they generally involved grammar or terminology by nature: for example, substituting "NRM" for "cult" or rearranging some sentences such that while I corrected their grammar, I also made them sound slightly less damning. Anyway, thanks again! -- disbomber 19:07 PST PDT, Sat 21 May 2005

Great job on Opposition to cults and new religious movements, we need all the help we can get on these articles. Some articles that need attention that you may want to look at: and other related articles (you can follow the links at the bottom of these articles, under the "Cult" template. --Zappaz 06:39, 22 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Cult
 * Cult checklist

I only edited about half of that page, because the POV and (much more so) the grammar was too much for one sitting. (No offense to Andries; what a controversial and difficult topic to write on!) I have finals to study for, but I will try to get some more editing in; the topic is pretty interesting. -- disbomber 10:33 PST PDT, Sun 22 May 2005
 * Thank you. Look forward to your efforts, we need people like you that can not only copyedit, but smooth the grammar wrinkless of all that colaborative editing! (note: Andries' mother tonge is Dutch and not English...)--Zappaz 01:18, 23 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Ah. His (her?) style did sound like second-language writing rather than native-language ignorance. Although I don't know much about foreign languages, it seems like Dutch-to-English would be a difficult transition. Anyway, Andries' writing shows a clarity of mind and depth of thought belying his/her intelligence. -- disbomber 18:24 PST PDT, 22 May 2005

Ladino
Hello “Disbomber”, Thanks for the message on my Norwegian user page. Concerning Ladino, my main acquaintance with the language is in its 17th century Castilian Ladino form. I am working on contrastive Castilian/Hebrew phonology in connection with what I hope can end up being a doctral thesis in some distant future. A few brief tidbits from that material: It is evident that the Castilian language that the Spanish and Portuguese Jews brought with them to Northern Europe had some pretty archaic traits that are also found in the Djudíospanyol/Djudesmo of the Balkans and Turkey. These include, e.g., opposition between ss ([s]) and s ([z]) between vowels; the use of agora for modern Castilian ahora; the use of complex verbal forms influenced by Hebrew — such as in alegrarnoshemos ; the seeming non-merger of b and v; etc. I am currently sporting a 102 °F/38.8 °C temperature and may not be very communicative for a bit. But weֺll talk sometime soon. (You may also be interested in checking out HaTsafon, BTW — it is, as far as I know, the only fully international list for people with an interest for and/or background in Scandinavia and Judaism. :-) ) -- Olve 07:41, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

Salu de Salonik
Salu Disbomber, i mersi por tu entereso en Djudeo-Espanyol. Yo sto ambezando Djudeo-Espanyol Salonikli, ke tiene su pronunsiasyon propria. Unos byervos linguistikos komo "voiceless postalveolar fricative" no me dizen nada, ma si kyeres, puedo madarte arsivos de forma "OGG Vorbis", onde tu puedes oyir la pronunsiasyon de los byervos o las frazas ke te enteresan. Si no te ayuda, manda tus kestyones a la "Ladino-Komunita" (ladinokomunita@yahoogroups.com). Niko AKA Etz Haim 23:04, 2 November 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Disbomber


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Ferdinand of Majorca

Ferdinand of Majorca (Ferran de Mallorca; 1278 – 5 July 1316) was an infante of the Kingdom of Majorca; he was born at Perpignan, the third son of King James II. He was Viscount of Aumelas and Lord of Frontignan from 1311 and claimed the title of Prince of Achaea from 1315.

He was sent by Frederick III of Sicily to take command of the Catalan Company in Frederick's name, but was rebuffed by Bernat de Rocafort, one of their leaders. On his return with the chronicler Ramón Muntaner, he was captured by the Venetians at Negroponte. He had been released by 1310, when he distinguished himself at the siege of Almería by killing the son of the King of Guadix.

In 1313, he returned to Sicily to take part in the war then in hand with the Angevins and was created Lord of Catania. Margaret of Villehardouin was then in Sicily, seeking to advance her claim to the Principality of Achaea. She gave her daughter Isabella of Sabran to Ferdinand in marriage and resigned Akova and her claim on Achaea to the couple, who were married in Messina. Margaret died in March 1315 in captivity in Chlemoutsi, and her daughter on 7 May 1315 in Catania, shortly after bearing a son, James III of Majorca.

Shortly after her death, Ferdinand set out with a small company for the Morea to uphold the claim now held by his son. He seized Clarenza in June 1315 and briefly took control of the Morea. In the autumn of 1315 he took a second wife, Isabella of Ibelin, daughter of Philip of Ibelin, Seneschal of Cyprus. However, his rival claimant Matilda of Hainaut, and her husband Louis of Burgundy returned to the Morea in the spring of 1316 with Venetian aid. Ferdinand's expected aid from Majorca and Sicily was tardy, as was that of the Catalan Company from Athens. Facing superior numbers, he was killed at the Battle of Manolada, near Glarentza, on 5 July 1316. He was succeeded as heir presumptive of Majorca by his elder son, the future King James III, and as Viscount of Aumelas by his posthumous son, Ferdinand.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Ferdinand of Majorca


text: Category:673 BC deaths

title: Category:673 BC deaths


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User:WritingDerek

Derek Housman (born July 21, 1983) is an American film director and screenwriter. He is best known for nothing.

title: User:WritingDerek


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Talk:Stratford, Ontario

Ontario freeway system
What is the "Ontario freeway system". Any King's Highway can be a freeway, like neighbouring 7/8/85 in Kitchener, 2A, parts of 6, etc and any 400-series highway can be an expressway or super-2, like 406 and parts of 420. Suggest this section be reworded. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.55.4.235 (talk) 17:23, 25 October 2008 (UTC)

High Schools
I removed details about Northwestern - Yes, it has a well known cafeteria, but that doesn't belong in the list of schools. Someone is more than welcome to set up a Northwestern page about it. I also pluralled the mention of Stratford's local radio station when talking about Lloyd Robertson (now there is MixFM as well as CJCS)

Photo caption
The caption for the photo of Stratford's city hall reads:

City of Stratford, Ontario, Canada's Location.

huh? I'd change it, but it appears to be generated by a template. -Dhodges 17:48, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Photo
At www.stratfordcitycentre.ca, there is an excellent picture of the city hall with a stone bridge over the river Avon in the winter. It would be nicer than the current one we have now.

Shakespearean ?? Festival
3rd paragraph states the name of the festival as it once was in its founding year, but now that name is no more. And it's NOT only "SHAKESPEARE fans" who come to see it, but many who don't even like Shakespeare come to see all the other plays. --Dunnhaupt 20:59, 24 July 2006 (UTC)

==Be Bold

Haven't been to Stratford in years, but I messed with this article anyway. I think I addressed the above concerns. If anyone else has the energy, this article could be improved by reworking the timeline into the history section. Prose is generally the preferred format rather than bulleted lists for encyclopedic entries. I did it for the "facts" list that was here before.Bobanny 21:32, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

Great French Education === ==

Great French Education
I'm adding this as an article because their French programs are exellent. They inspire young students to continue their studies in french to the furthest they can go with that education. There are only really two french teaching schools, one Bedford elementery school and Jeane Sauvė. But in the high school named St Mikes catholic secondary school there is a program where you can earn a french degree to apear on your graduation papers. EnsignLovel

Notable Residents
How is Bieber not in here??? I'm no fan, but c'mon... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.0.188.204 (talk) 13:17, 19 August 2014 (UTC)

I want to promote the local talent as much as the next guy, but I don't feel that Ali Matthews, Chris Taylor or Dan McCarthy pass the notability test; they are removed. Ovation Festival text removed because it has its own page already. Cobolhacker 00:54, 12 September 2007 (UTC)

Several celebrities hail from Stratford, most notably the singers Loreena McKennitt... Hail means to come from or originate from. In Loreena_McKennitt, it says she was born in Manitoba.--WPaulB (talk) 03:33, 2 December 2008 (UTC)

Music Section
Sorry guys, the music section should NOT be a place to advertise or otherwise plug virtually unknown singers and/or bands.

And on that note, it's simply ludicrous to have names such as Richard Manuel and Loreena McKennit on the same level as, say, Dana Manning and Colin Fischer, no matter how much they and/or a select fan may like to draw that parallel. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 65.92.203.29 (talk) 13:40, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

Quality rating
I have added the Canada/Ontario project tag and given an initial quality rating of "Start". The higher "B" rating might be earned if more references and citations are added to this article. PKT (talk) 22:09, 17 January 2008 (UTC)

Coordinate error @ com
The following coordinate fixes are needed for

—131.100.160.133 (talk) 03:16, 20 November 2016 (UTC)
 * You haven't said what you think is erroneous about the coordinates. I've tweaked them a bit to indicate a point nearer the central business district of the town. If you still think that there's an error, you'll need to give a clear explanation of what it is. Deor (talk) 16:26, 20 November 2016 (UTC)

Please add to the Media section a new local news outlet called The Stratford Local
Please add to the Media section: The Stratford Local is a local news, events and information site and mobile app.

If you wish to check it out first, it is at www.theStratfordLocal.com

Thank you. Fcmoore29 (talk) 19:06, 28 September 2020 (UTC)fcmoore29

title: Talk:Stratford, Ontario


text: Category:670s BC deaths

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User talk:Daniel Lélis Baggio

Welcome
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia. Here are some useful links in case you haven't already found them;

 * How to edit a page
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * What Wikipedia is not

If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian!

You asked some questions, but put them in an article so I have moved them to User:Daniel Lélis Baggio which you might want to edit to describe yourself better. But it is not a homepage in the conventional sense, just how you relate to Wikipedia. Many of the answers to your questions are in the page What Wikipedia is not. --Henrygb 01:58, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Daniel Lélis Baggio


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Grigory Sokolnikov

Grigori Yakovlevich Sokolnikov (born Hirsch Brilliant or Girsh Yankelevich Brilliant; 15 August 1888 – 21 May 1939) was a Russian Old Bolshevik revolutionary, economist, and Soviet politician.

Early career
Grigori Sokolnikov was born Girsh Yankelevich Brilliant in Romny on 15 August 1888, the son of a Jewish doctor employed by the railways. He moved to Moscow as a teenager and became involved in revolutionary circles alongside his friend and classmate, Nikolai Bukharin. He joined the Bolshevik faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party in 1905. In 1906-07, he was based in the Sokolniki district of Moscow as a Bolshevik propagandist until autumn 1907, when mass arrests crushed the district organization, and he was detained for 18 months in solitary confinement in Butyrka prison, and sentenced to lifelong exile in Siberia. Deported in February 1909, it took four months for him to reach his assigned destination, a village called Rybnoye, on the bank of the Angara River, and six weeks to escape, via Moscow to Paris. In France, Sokolnikov obtained a doctorate in economics. He joined the 'conciliatior' Bolsheviks, who wanted to avert an outright split with the Mensheviks. During the war, he moved to Switzerland, and contributed to the newspaper Nashe Slovo, edited by Trotsky.

In April 1917, Sokolnikov was a passenger in the famous sealed train that took Vladimir Lenin and other Bolsheviks across Germany to Russia.

Role in 1917
In April 1917, Sokolnikov was elected to the Moscow party committee. He backed Lenin's call for a second revolution. When Lenin was forced to go into hiding, in July, Sokolnikov moved to Petrograd, where he and Stalin were given joint control over Bolsheviks newspapers.

Elected to the Central Committee in August 1917, he was selected in October as a member of the 'Political Bureau', a forerunner of the Politburo, whose members were Lenin, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Trotsky, Stalin, Sokolnikov and Bubnov, but the 'bureau' never met. Trotsky wrote later that it was 'completely impractical', with Lenin and Zinoviev in hiding, and Zinoviev and Kamenev opposed to the planned Bolshevik insurrection.

Brest-Litovsk Treaty
After the October Revolution, he was a member of the original delegation led by Joffe sent to Brest-Litovsk to sign a truce with Germany. When the truce broke down, and the Germans were advancing through Latvia towards Petrograd, he backed Lenin's line that the Soviet government would have to capitulate, although he saw this as a delaying tactic while they created a Red Army capable of conducting a 'revolutionary war'.

When the decision was made, on 24 February 1918, no-one wanted to sign the surrender, and Sokolnikov was instructed to lead the delegation, after he had tried in vain to nominate Zinoviev instead. He signed the final treaty, angrily and under protest, on 3 March, forecasting that German's expansionism would be short-lived. The German and Austrian diplomats complained that his outburst spoiled the final day of negotiations. Sokolnikov later wrote that "the division of labour in capitalist society was brilliantly expressed in this contrast of unceremonial plunder at the front and mannerly gentlemanliness at the green table".

On 10 May, Sokolnikov told a meeting of the Central Committee that the Germans could not be trusted to honour the treaty, and that it had been a mistake to sign it. It required a fierce rebuttal from Lenin to avert the threat of resuming the war. Despite his intervention, in June 1918, Sokolnikov led a delegation to Berlin to negotiate a trade treaty with Germany, but the talks were aborted after the assassination of the German ambassador in Moscow, Wilhelm von Mirbach in July.

Role in the Civil War
After his return from Brest, late in 1917, Sokolnikov supervised the seizure of Russian banks, and the creation of new centralised banking system. In March 1918, he was appointed an editor of Pravda, but he spent almost the entire Russian Civil War on the front line, firstly as Political commissar with the Second Army, which was responsible for putting down anti-Bolshevik rebellions on the western side of the Ural mountains, around Vyatka and Izhevsk. Two months later, after the rebellion had been crushed, he was transferred to the Southern Front, as commissar for the Ninth Army and later the Thirteenth Army, for the campaign against the Don Cossacks who had been rebelled against Bolshevik rule, and the White Army of General Denikin. Later, alongside Rosalia Zemlyachka, he became commissar of the Eighth army, using this position to order mass shootings during the Russian Civil War. He was also, for a time, military commander of the Eighth Army, despite a protest from Stalin's ally Sergo Ordzhonikidze, who wrote to Lenin demanding:"Where did the idea come from that Sokolnikov could command an army? ... Is it to protect Sokolnikov's pride that he has been allowed to play with a whole army?" In August 1920, Sokolnikov was posted to Central Asia as chairman of the government of Turkestan and commander of the Turkestan Front. He led the suppression of the Basmachi rebellion. He also oversaw the introduction of a new currency, the introduction of tax in place of appropriation of surplus produce, the return of free trade, the return of land to Kirghiz that had been seized by Russian settlers, and the revival of cotton production.

Commissar for Finance
Sokolnikov was appointed USSR Deputy People's Commissar of Finance on 10 January 1922. Since the People's Commissar, Nikolai Krestinsky had been appointed Ambassador to Germany, he was in fact in charge of Narkomfin from that time. In March 1922, he was re-elected to the Central Committee (from which he had been dropped in 1920) and in the autumn he was formally appointed as People's Commissar. This role made him central to the introduction of the New Economic Policy (NEP). More than anyone else, he is credited with introducing a stable currency to end the economic chaos of the civil war years. He proposed the introduction of a new currency in the month when he first took office. The 'gold bank notes' or chervontsi were issued by the state bank in November 1922.

During 1922, Sokolnikov argued persistently in favour of relaxing the state monopoly on foreign trade, to allow some of the private enterprises that came into existence under NEP to import equipment sell their produce abroad without going through government agencies. He was supported by Stalin, Zinoviev, Kamenev and Nikolai Bukharin - i.e. by a majority of the Politburo - but met vehement opposition from Lenin, who warned: "Sokolnikov is making a great mistake, which is sure to ruin us, unless the C.C. corrects his line in time, and actually secures implementation of the corrected line. His mistake is abstract enthusiasm for a scheme (something of which Sokolnikov has always been guilty, as a talented journalist and a politician who is easily carried away)." In October 1922, Sokolnikov persuaded the Central Committee to agree to partially lift the monopoly, provoking an angry reaction from Lenin, who missed the meeting through illness. He accused Sokolnikov of being someone who "likes paradoxes". The Central Committee backed down in December, after Trotsky - who also missed the October meeting - had backed Lenin.

Speaking to the 11th Congress of the CPSU in March 1922, Sokolnikov flatly contradicted those who suggested that the state should print more paper money to finance the revival of war-damaged industry, likening it to poisoning the system by injecting opium. More controversially, he warned that many factories were losing money and living off the state, and would have to pay their way by selling products in the new free market conditions of NEP.He became a candidate member of the Politburo of the Communist Party in May 1924. According to Boris Bajanov, as minister of finance Sokolnikov proved himself to be a capable administrator, accomplishing every task he was asked to do, such as creating the first stable Soviet currency. Bajanov also notes that despite Sokolnikov's past in the Red Army, he was not ruthless in his personality. Privately, Sokolnikov lost faith in the Soviet Union under Stalin and later described the Soviet economy as state capitalist.

Family
In 1925, Sokolnikov married the writer Galina Serebryakova. They had a daughter, Geliana, born in 1934.

Opposition to Stalin
On 5 September 1925, Sokolnikov signed the unpublished 'Platform of the Four', a joint protest by Zinoviev, Kamenev, and Lenin's widow, Nadezhda Krupskaya against Stalin's leadership. His decision seems to have been personal than political, because politically he was on the right of the party, whereas Zinoviev and Kamenev were about to join Trotsky in the United Opposition. He appears to have been motivated by mistrust of Stalin, and friendship with Kamenev. Even while publicly aligned with the opposition, he continued to argue that agricultural output had to be increased before industry could be expanded, and that consumer goods should be imported to give the peasants an incentive to take their produce to market. He was also openly dismissive of the figures produced by Gosplan, believing that 'state capitalism' properly managed would be more efficient that a centrally planned economy.

According to historian, Hiroaki Kuromiya, Stalin pleaded with Sokolnikov, not to discuss Lenin’s testament at the 15th party Congress.

In October 1926, the six principal leaders of the opposition, including Sokolnikov, signed a promise to follow the party line in future. He kept to this line, unlike the others but was removed from the Politburo nonetheless, in January 1926, while being allowed to retain his membership of the Central Committee. In the same month, he was removed from the post of People's Commissar for finance, and appointed Deputy Chairman of Gosplan, despite his well known scepticism about the value of central planning. In spring 1926, he was sent on a trade mission to the US, which aborted when he was denied a visa.

In March 1928, when the Central Committee discussed the food crisis - to which Stalin reacted later in the year by sending shock troops into the villages to collect grain by force - Sokolnikov made a speech in which, while admitting that he had been wrong in the past, he stuck to his earlier beliefs by arguing that the way to get peasants to sell their produce was to raise the price of grain. However, after the introduction of the First five-year plan, he defended the principle that it was possible and necessary for the state to intervene and plan economic output. He wrote:

""The history of recent decades shows that even in countries where the principle of private property dominates, unlimited competition of private enterprises is steadily receding before the advance of gigantic financial and industrial corporations which ... actually plan production and marketing within the limits of certain branches, often carrying their operations across national frontiers ... A policy of non-interference by the state in such conditions would mean paralysis of state power.""

In July 1928, Sokolnikov and Bukharin were returning to the Kremlin from a Central Committee plenum when they encountered Kamenev, and Bukharin talked indiscreetly about the gathering opposition to Stalin within the Politburo. In February 1929, Sokolnikov was formally rebuked by the Politburo for being present during this conversation, after a transcript had been published abroad. He was removed from his post in Gosplan. From 1929 to 1932, Sokolnikov was the Soviet ambassador to the United Kingdom, where the newly elected Labour government had extended diplomatic recognition to the USSR. Speaking very little English, he had limited contacts with leading British politicians. Beatrice Webb who invited Sokolnikov and his wife to her home and introduced him to the Chancellor of the Exchequer Philip Snowden noted in her diary: “We are the only ‘Cabinet’ members who have consorted with them. The Hendersons do not ‘know them’ socially, nor the PM."

In 1932, Sokolnikov was recalled to Moscow (and replaced by Ivan Maisky, who spoke fluent English) and appointed Deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs.

Arrest and execution
The British journalist Malcolm Muggeridge, who had met Sokolnikov in the United Kingdom, visited his Moscow flat just before the start of the Great Purge. He wrote later:

"There had been rumours of his arrest. The poor fellow looked very nervous and shifty, and there was a noticeable greenish tinge in his sallow face. He kept glancing anxiously over his shoulder as though at some invisible intruder. With one of the most mirthless smiles I have ever seen, he remarked over tea that, if the capitalist press was to be believed, he was languishing in Lubyanka Prison. Did he look like it? He asked, getting his teeth into a chocolate eclair. Alas, he did, and I was not surprised to hear, in due course, that he had been liquidated."

Sokolnikov was arrested on 26 July 1936. He was sufficiently broken under interrogation, either through torture or more probably through threats to harm his young wife and daughter, that he not only incriminated himself, but was made to confront Bukharin, in Lazar Kaganovich's office, and accuse him of being part of a conspiracy to restore capitalism in the USSR. Bukharin shouted at him "Have you lost your reason?" - but Sokolnikov, whose face was "pale but not tortured" stuck to his story. In January 1937, he was a defendant at the Trial of the Seventeen at which he 'confessed' that he had been party to a terrorist plot against Stalin since 1932, and that Trotsky was conspiring with Adolf Hitler's deputy Rudolf Hess to incite a Nazi invasion of the USSR. He was sentenced to ten years in the Gulag. Even at the time, there were Soviet citizens who were not taken in by the trial and the forced confessions, such as the writer Isaac Babel, who was reported to the NKVD for saying, in private conversation with the film director Sergei Eisenstein "Lenin was very fond of Sokolnikov because he's a very smart man...and his whole struggle is the struggle against Stalin's influence."

Reportedly, Sokolnikov was assassinated in a prison by other convicts on 21 May 1939. A post-Stalin official investigation during the Khrushchev Thaw revealed that the murder was organized by the NKVD official Kubatkin Pyotr Nikolaevich and ordered by Lavrenty Beria and Joseph Stalin personally. He was rehabilitated on June 12, 1988.

title: Grigory Sokolnikov


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Tiny Lund

DeWayne Louis "Tiny" Lund (November 14, 1929 – August 17, 1975) was an American stock car racer. He was a journeyman racer-for-hire in the top level NASCAR Grand National Series, running partial seasons for a number of years, including a victory in the 1963 Daytona 500. Lund saw his greatest success in the NASCAR Grand American Series, where he was the season champion in three of the four full years the series was run – Lund won 41 of the 109 Grand American events that ran.

Lund stood 6 feet 5 inches tall and weighed about 270 lbs., earning the ironic nickname "Tiny".

Background
Lund started racing at a young age on a motorcycle, then moved up to midget cars and sprint cars. He served in the Korean War in the United States Air Force, and in 1955 decided to try stock car racing in NASCAR.

Early NASCAR years
Lund went south with a 1955 Chevrolet and competed in the LeHi, Arkansas, event, with sponsorship from Carl Rupert and his safety belt company. Lund qualified mid-pack but his event ended in an accident on lap 65. Lund's car flipped end over end and his safety belt broke. He was bruised and had a broken arm.

For 1956, Lund teamed up with Gus Holzmueller, and their best result was a fourth-place finish in Columbia, South Carolina. Lund also ran a few events for A. L. Bumgarner.

In 1957, Lund split his time between Bumgarner's Pontiacs and a Petty Enterprises Oldsmobile. With Bumgarner, Lund controlled the majority of an event at the Cleveland County Fairgrounds short dirt track in Shelby, North Carolina. He won the pole position, and led 136 (of 200) laps when his right rear axle gave out with 14 laps left. Lund had two other poles on the season. Late in the 1957 season at the North Wilkesboro Speedway, a wheel from Lund's car was thrown into stands, and a spectator was killed.

Lund left Bumgarner and continued his journeyman driving in 1958, winning the pole position at races in Gastonia and Hillsboro. In 1959 he fielded self-owned Chevrolets. Lund did not have major success, and he was without rides by 1963.

1963 Daytona 500
In February 1963, Lund went to Daytona International Speedway shopping around for any ride in that year's Daytona 500. Lund's friend Marvin Panch, the driver for the Wood Brothers racing team, had an accident while testing an experimental Ford-powered Maserati for the Daytona Continental three-hour sportscar race (a precursor to the 24 Hours of Daytona). When Panch's car burst into flames, Lund ran into the inferno and pulled Panch out of the wreckage. For his actions, Lund was awarded the Carnegie Hero's Medal.

Panch, in hospital, asked Lund to take his ride in the Wood Brothers Racing entry. Lund was fourth fastest in individual qualifying trials, and finished sixth in the second qualifying race, starting the race from 12th on the grid. The start of the race was delayed due to heavy rains, and then the first 10 laps were run under caution. As the green flag waved, Lund worked his way through the field. The Wood Brothers team had a winning strategy for the race – they planned to complete the race on one fuel stop less than the field. Lund managed to take the lead very late in the race. Lorenzen passed Lund with 10 laps left to go, but ran out of gas and had to make a pit stop. Then Ned Jarrett made the pass on Lund for the top spot but with three laps to go he also ran out of gas. Lund's car ran out of fuel on the final lap, but he managed to coast home to win the 1963 Daytona 500.

Return to journeyman
Lund's victory revived what had been a dwindling career. He stayed in the Wood Brothers Ford for several 1963 races after Daytona, and holding a late lead in the Southeastern 500 before his motor gave out. Marvin Panch returned to the Wood Brothers and Lund was without a ride. Holman-Moody gave him a car for several of the bigger races, though without success, at the Dixie 400, Firecracker 400 and World 600.

For 1964 he hooked up with a series of lesser known owners, at one point leading in the Columbia 200 but dropped out due to overheating. Late in the year he settled in with driving for Lyle Stelter, continued as his driver into the 1965 season. Lund earned his second career Grand National victory in the 1965 Columbia 200, qualifying in fourth and taking the lead from Ned Jarrett before rains came and washed out the second half of the event. In 1966, he continued his partnership with Stelter. Lund lead races at Spartanburg and Manassas, dropping out of both races with mechanical problems (two of the 21 races he did not finish that season), before earning his third career win at Beltsville Speedway.

For 1967, he teamed once again with Stelter for the majority of the year but it was with Petty Enterprises in the No. 42 Plymouth that he had most of his success. Lund finished fourth in the Daytona 500 despite running out of fuel with a lap to go. Lund finished fifth in the World 600 for Petty Enterprises. He struggled in Stelter's Fords despite a promising run in Fonda, New York, where he qualified second and led some laps before an axle broke. Lund and Stelter parted at season's end. For 1968, he teamed with Bud Moore and his Mercurys, finishing fifth in the Firecracker 400 and fourth in Rockingham during his shortened Grand National season.

In 1968, Lund appeared as one of the race drivers in the racing scene of the MGM movie Speedway which starred Elvis Presley and Nancy Sinatra. In 1969, Lund entered one Grand National race, guesting for Bill France Sr. in the inaugural Talladega 500. The race is known for a drivers' boycott over tire safety protests. Lund drove into the lead but his clutch failed and he was classified ninth.

Success in Grand American series
From 1968 through 1971, Lund earned his greatest racing successes in the new NASCAR Grand American Series, winning 41 of the 109 Grand American races from 1968 through 1971. The series was designed for pony cars like Ford Mustangs, Chevrolet Camaros and Mercury Cougars.

Lund drove a Cougar for the Bud Moore team in 1968, winning the inaugural season championship.

Lund would win back-to-back Grand American championships in 1970 and 1971, driving a Camaro for the Ronnie Hopkins team.

Lund "won" two Grand National events in 1971 – both times driving his Grand American pony car. As the number of entrants for some of the smaller Grand National races were low (only 14 cars entered the 1971 Space City 300), NASCAR decided to allow Grand American cars to fill out the remaining spots at six Grand National races later in the year. Three of these Grand National races were won by drivers in Grand American cars; Lund drove the Camaro to victory in the Buddy Shuman 276 and the Wilkes 400, while Bobby Allison drove a Mustang to victory in the Myers Brothers 250. The flat tracks at the Shuman and Myers events favored the smaller pony cars, while Lund won the Wilkes event when Richard Petty's Grand National car had problems late in the race. Neither of these victories were added to Lund's official win tally—NASCAR had dictated, pre-races, that if a Grand American car won it would not be credited with a Grand National victory; first place points would not be awarded. Despite this, the wins were counted as constructor's victories for Chevrolet and starts for Lund.

Greg Fielden and Peter Golenbock's Stock Car Racing Encyclopedia has credited Lund with the two victories, bringing his career Grand National total to five. This also has disputed the win total between Bobby Allison and Darrell Waltrip, both of whom are tied at 84, though Allison has always claimed that he has 85 Grand National wins. This also would technically dispute Charlie Glotzbach, Richard Petty and Elmo Langley's win totals. If, as NASCAR did with other combined division races, wins were awarded based on classes similar to sportscar racing and regional series (K&N Pro Series currently), Petty would have a 201st win (in the same Grand American win for Allison), Langley a third win (1971 at Hickory; Lund in a Grand American), and Glotzbach a second win (1971 at North Wilkesboro; Lund in a Grand American) based on winning the Grand National class.

The Grand American series folded during 1972, after just six races – the new Grand National East Division emerged later that year. Lund moved to the new series and the existing NASCAR Late Model Sportsman Series.

Lund won the Sportsman season opener at Daytona twice and continued to rack up victories on short tracks that he had raced on as a youth.

Death at Talladega
In 1975, he entered an A. J. King Dodge in the Talladega 500 of the top level (renamed) Winston Cup Series. Lund qualified as first alternate; when Grant Adcox's car was withdrawn from the event, Lund was in and after a short track event that Saturday was flown down in Bobby Allison's private airplane.

The race was delayed a week by heavy rains, finally running on August 17. On the seventh lap, Lund and J. D. McDuffie collided on the backstretch. Other cars start to scramble as Lund’s Dodge and McDuffie's Chevy spun out. Subsequently, Terry Link slammed broadside Lund's drivers side door, the impact knocking him unconscious and his Pontiac bursting into flames. Two spectators in the infield climbed over the catchfence, and with help from driver Walter Ballard, pulled Link from his car and was able to revive him.

Meanwhile, Lund was extricated from his own car by track rescue teams. He died later at the track infield hospital of massive chest and internal crush injuries. Drivers were not informed of Lund's death until the race was over. Lund was 45.

Aftermath
Buddy Baker was victorious in that Talladega 500 in a Bud Moore Ford, but there was no celebration as he walked away to be by himself for a few minutes upon hearing of Lund's passing.

He was survived by his wife, Wanda, and son, Christopher.

Awards and legacy
Lund was inducted into the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in 1994, and in 1998 named one of NASCAR's 50 Greatest Drivers.

He was inducted into the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America on March 17, 2020.

There is a Tiny Lund Grandstand at Daytona International Speedway, and in his hometown of Harlan, Iowa, there is a local dirt-track International Motor Contest Association (IMCA) Modified race, the Tiny Lund Memorial, with over 200 entries annually for this popular event. The movie Short track (2008) is dedicated to his memory.

NASCAR
(key) ( Bold – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. Italics – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led. )

title: Tiny Lund


text: Category:702 BC deaths

title: Category:702 BC deaths


text:
WAAC

WAAC may refer to:

 * WAAC (FM), a radio station (92.9 FM) licensed to Valdosta, Georgia, United States
 * WAAC (Nigeria), an airline that succeeded West African Airways Corporation after its folding
 * War Artists' Advisory Committee, a British governmental organisation who aimed to compile a visual history of Britain in the Second World War
 * Washington-Alexandria Architecture Center, an extension branch of the College of Design and Architecture of Virginia Tech
 * West African Airways Corporation
 * Western Association for Art Conservation a nonprofit regional membership organization for conservation professionals based in the Western United States
 * Win At All Costs - Motto of the West London Lacrosse Club
 * Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (Britain), a branch of the British military in the First World War
 * Women's Army Corps, once abbreviated WAAC, a branch of the U.S. military in the Second World War
 * Women's Art Association of Canada, an organization founded in 1887 to promote and support women artists and craftswomen in Canada
 * WFSX (AM), a defunct radio station (1240 AM) formerly licensed to Fort Myers, Florida, United States which held the call sign WAAC from 1942 to 1943
 * WIBQ, a radio station (1230 AM) licensed to Terre Haute, Indiana, United States which held the call sign WAAC from 1963 to 1983

title: WAAC


text:
From the Ashes (album)

From the Ashes is the seventh studio album by the American punk rock band Pennywise.

Background and recording
Pennywise released their sixth studio album, Land of the Free?, in June 2001. The band promoted it with a short stint on the Warped Tour, a Midwestern tour of the United States, and shows in Australia and Japan until April 2002. After this, guitarist Fletcher Dragge spent three months writing material for their next album. In November 2002, it was reported that they had spent a few months in a studio, having completed 15 demos. In January 2003, the band began recording their next album; sessions continued into April 2003. Sessions were held at Stall #2 in Redondo Beach, California; Darian Rundall and the band produced the proceedings. Drummer Byron McMackin said 14 songs were recorded from a potential pool of over 30. They took a break from recording to play a benefit show in February 2003. The band took further time out when Dragge's father died; the album was eventually mixed in June 2003.

Music and themes
AllMusic reviewer Johnny Loftus described the album's sound as punk rock and said it borrowed a "page from NOFX's War on Errorism, promoting an agenda of awareness amidst its fist-pumping, sun-drenched anthems". Stein Haukland of Ink 19 referred to the album has skate punk with elements of hardcore punk. Lollipop Magazine writer Ewan Wadharmi classified it as hard rock and compared the guitar riffs to the work of Bon Jovi and Thin Lizzy. He wrote that it explores the "political whistle-blowing of Land of the Free?" as the band attempt to "answer what to do in the aftermath".

The overall sound of From the Ashes recalled that of Pennywise's third studio album About Time (1995), while one reviewer referred to it as their "most fuming album" since their fourth studio effort Full Circle (1997), with the combination of "[s]ub-grindcore drums; chugging, circle-pit guitar; and Jim Lindberg's distinctive vocals, all velvet and venom". Larry Getlen of CityLink Magazine said the music was a "generation removed from that of the band's hardcore predecessors, with many of the drum fills and guitar licks owing more to metal than punk".

Dragge said the lyrics for From the Ashes were written as a reaction to Land of the Free?, which received a minor backlash from some people due to its political nature. He explained that following the September 11 attacks, "people were a little confused as to what Pennywise was about, because we had a lot of anti-government-type songs on that record, and people were feeling like they needed to be behind the government". As a result, they had a meeting and decided that they were going to write about what they "believe is true and what needs to be talked about and what we feel in our hearts".

Dragge said the album's title "symbolizes a type of starting over, and learning lessons from major events like 9/11". He attributed some of the "more heartfelt" lyrics to the band's state of mind following the September 11 attacks, and mentioned that the death of their former bassist Jason Thirsk was a "pretty profound moment" for them. The album's lyrics also covers the Bush administration's handling of the attacks, in addition to ideology beliefs, such as gun control, news media bias and government abuse.

Tracks
From the Ashes opens with "Now I Know", a skate punk song that deals with self-discovery. "God Save the USA" is critical of the US government and alludes to the work of the Sex Pistols. Lindberg said it dealt with the "government's refusal to protect our greatest natural resources". "Something to Change", another skate punk song, deals with boredom. "Salvation" recalled the work of the band's labelmates Bad Religion. The tempo of "Look Who You Are" evokes the band's earlier material. "Falling Down" sees Lindberg tackle the topic of ageing and hitting middle age.

"Holiday in the Sun" was the most reminiscent of the material on Land of the Free?. "This Is Only a Test" is bookended by acoustic intro and outro sections. PopMatters contributor Christine Klunk said the acoustic accompaniment "provides an appropriate beginning to a song that details the tendency of humans to build such walls of 'arrogance' around themselves". "Rise Up" is about being held responsible for one's own actions. "Yesterdays" is the slowest song on the album and incorporates a piano. The album concludes with "Judgement Day", a song that Klunk said warns listeners that the "world is no longer ours, that we've had our fun, and it's time to realize there are consequences for messing with the planet's equilibrium".

Release
On June 3, 2003, From the Ashes was announced for release in three months' time; alongside this, the track listing was posted online. In early-to-mid July and late July to early August 2003, the group appeared on the Warped Tour. On August 4, 2003, "God Save the USA" was made available as a free download. "Waiting" was posted on the band's website on August 13, 2003, before being released to radio on August 19, 2003. For the rest of the month, the band toured across Europe, which included appearances at the Reading and Leeds Festivals. From the Ashes was released on September 9, 2003 through Epitaph Records. Sohum Shah of The Cannabist said the album contributed to the "resurgence of politically-charged punk rock recorded during the George W. Bush presidency", alongside The War on Errorism and The Terror State (2003) by Anti-Flag. From the Ashes featured a DVD with studio footage, live performances and a trailer for a forthcoming video album; it was promoted with multiple releases shows across California. On October 3, 2003, the band appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live!. They took a brief break as Lindberg and his wife had a child.

Pennywise appeared at the Smoke Out festival in November 2003, and performed at the KROQ Almost Acoustic Christmas festival the following month. On New Years Eve 2003 and New Years Day 2004, the band performed at Falls Festival in Australia. In January and February 2004, they went on a tour of the US; the January shows featured Mad Caddies and Stretch Arm Strong, while the February shows included Guttermouth and Stretch Arm Strong. On April 7, 2004, Pennywise performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. Shortly afterwards, they played a handful of dates with Authority Zero and Autopilot Off running into May 2004. Pennywise toured Europe as part of the Deconstruction Tour, which lasted until June. They then went on shorts tours of Canada and Japan, and a one-off show in Hawaii. In August 2004, the band performed at the Moto Music Mayhem festival in Canada, followed by an appearance at the Holiday Havoc festival in the US in November 2004. They ended the year with performances in Brazil at the 89FM and Radio Cidede festivals.

Reception
From the Ashes was met with mixed reviews from music critics. Loftus said it was a "welcome, rocking return to form after some weaker efforts". Haukland said that while "it’s hard not to compare From the Ashes with Land of the Free?, the latter album doesn’t necessarily benefit from such comparison", explaining that the band come across as "more comfortable with their new-found sense of social commentary here". Kerrang! James Sherry praised the band for sticking "rigidly to the formula that got them this far" as their "melodic punk formula is still sounding minty fresh and full of life". The Boston Phoenix writer Sean Richardson said the band "play to their strengths", referring to Lindberg's "neurotic howl" their "maximum-impact" punk sound. Vinnie Apicella of In Music We Trust said the album "goes Mach-1 with melody, mindfulness and taut musicianship that are unmistakably Punk yet threateningly offensive to fast talking order takers of the big label, bloated budget variety". Ox-Fanzine Randy Flame wrote that the band "remain true to themselves and that's a good thing". He added that every track "live up to the criterion of 'catchy' and 'intoxicating, while Jeff Perlah Revolver said Dragge was "still spewing the kind of chunky, speedy licks that made Pennywise indie-punk heroes a decade ago".  Rock Hard  reviewer Michael Rensen noted that their last few releases "sound pretty interchangeable", and From the Ashes offers listeners "highly melodic, socially critical Calicore rubble". Mike Verzella of Mxdwn felt that it "brings back memories of cruising with the guys and jumping around at shows".

Stuart Green of Exclaim! said the "14 tracks of exactly what we've come to expect. While that may sound like a band stagnating and unable to develop, there's something comforting" in the band being able to "put things in perspective". IGN writer Nick Madsen said that after being a long-term listener, he was "expecting the new album to show some signs of progression and sadly, it doesn't". While complimenting the lyrics for being "matured and seem[ingly] more focused", he criticized the structure of the songs for being the "same, the sound is the same and frankly, the formula is getting a little stale". Punknews.org staff member Jim wrote it "still sounds like Pennywise, but there are little intricacies that set this one apart from their past couple of albums". Aside from the odd track, he mentioned that the remainder of the album was "solid and some of the songs even hold up to the band's older material". He felt that the "political lyrics seem less contrived" compared to those on the album's predecessor. Punk Planet writer Ari Joffe said there was a "few good singalong punk tunes" on the album, but it mainly "stairs up ambivalence [...] it's too rigid for my tastes". Klunk referred to it as a "solid contribution to their catalogue", but acknowledged that it did not have "much variety, not much that breaks out of punk's stereotypical traits". The staff at Modern Fix held a similar view, stating that it features "very little experimentation in sound and formula, and you almost wish that Pennywise would find the motivation to put a new spin on things". Drowned in Sound writer Mat Hocking felt that with repeated listens, the songs seemed weaker than tracks found on About Time, Full Circle or their fifth studio album Straight Ahead (1999), "and as such you start to wish they had experimented a little further". Wadharmi found the tracks to be "very similar, and bear a striking resemblance to previous albums". He added that the "better-than-average lyrics point to matters of significance while rarely touching the dirty things". Nick Catucci of Blender said in the context of Blink-182 and NOFX, "those bands bring humor and warmth into the mix; Pennywise still rely on pro forma antiauthority anthems".

From the Ashes reached number 54 on the Billboard 200 and number 4 on the Top Independent Albums chart, marking the highest initial charting album in Pennywise's career.

Track listing
All songs written by Pennywise.

 * 1) "Now I Know" – 2:59
 * 2) "God Save the USA" – 3:06
 * 3) "Something to Change" – 2:41
 * 4) "Waiting" – 2:59
 * 5) "Salvation" – 2:42
 * 6) "Look Who You Are" – 3:05
 * 7) "Falling Down" – 2:56
 * 8) "Holiday in the Sun" – 3:06
 * 9) "This Is Only a Test" – 2:57
 * 10) "Punch Drunk" – 3:10
 * 11) "Rise Up" – 2:47
 * 12) "Yesterdays" – 3:34
 * 13) "Change My Mind" – 2:09
 * 14) "Judgment Day" – 2:49

Personnel
Personnel per booklet.

Pennywise
 * Jim Lindberg – vocals
 * Fletcher Dragge – guitars
 * Randy Bradbury – bass
 * Byron McMackin – drums

Production and design
 * Darian Rundall – producer, engineer
 * Pennywise – producer
 * Clark Studios – art direction, design

title: From the Ashes (album)


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title: Talk:From the Ashes (album)


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Casey's

Casey's Retail Company (doing business as Casey's) is a chain of convenience stores in the Midwestern and Southern United States. The company is headquartered in Ankeny, Iowa, a suburb of Des Moines. As of October 1, 2023, Casey's had 2,500 stores in 16 states. Following 7-Eleven's purchase of Speedway, Casey's is the 3rd largest convenience store chain in the United States (after 7-Eleven and Circle K) and the largest that is wholly American-owned. It is one of two Iowa-based Fortune 500 companies. Casey's is famous for their pizza including a breakfast pizza and a taco pizza resulting in Casey's being the fifth largest pizza chain in the U.S.

History
In 1959, Donald Lamberti leased a service station in Des Moines, Iowa, from his father. After he had successfully remodeled the station into a convenience store and operated it for nine years, his gasoline supplier and friend, Kurvin C. (K.C.) Fish, suggested that he purchase the Square Deal Oil Company, a service station available for sale in Boone, Iowa. Lamberti followed Fish's advice and purchased the station, which he renamed "Casey's" after Fish and as with his leased store converted the station into a convenience store. The logo on the Boone store was used by the chain until 2020.

The Boone store (located in a town of only 12,500) did well, so Lamberti decided to see if he could duplicate his success. He built another store in Creston, Iowa (population 7,000), and that store did well also. Lamberti became more ambitious and decided to open a store from scratch in the even smaller town of Waukee, Iowa (population 1,500 at the time). The Waukee store proved to be the most successful of the three, so Lamberti decided to purchase and open more stores, concentrating on towns of less than 5,000 population (a variation on the tactic used in the early success of Wal-Mart).

1970s–1990s
By the late 1970s (when Casey's opened its first warehouse) the chain had 118 stores, including the original store operated by Lamberti's parents which entered the Casey's fold in 1977.

In 1982, Casey's opened its first Distribution Center in Urbandale, Iowa.

Casey's became a publicly traded company in October 1983, with an initial public offering of 700,000 shares. Around this time Casey's began to sell doughnuts in its stores; in December 1984 it introduced pizza into its stores (which is one of its signature items today). Their pizza options include taco pizza.

In 1990, Casey's moved to its current facility in Ankeny, Iowa.

Casey's 1,000th store opened in Altoona, Iowa, in 1996, the same year Casey's exceeded US$1 billion in annual sales.

2000–present
In January 2006, Casey's purchased Lincoln, Nebraska-based Gas 'N Shop. On August 7, 2006, Casey's agreed to purchase the 33-store HandiMart chain, based in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, in a $63 million deal.

In March 2010, Alimentation Couche-Tard (operator of several convenience store chains, including Circle K) offered $1.9 billion for control of the company, and later announced a proxy fight for control. Casey's rejected Couche-Tard's offer and was successful in September 2010 in retaining its board of directors vs. Couche-Tard's nominated slate.

While Casey's and Couche-Tard were battling for company control, in September 2010, 7-Eleven offered a $2 billion bid for control of the company. Casey's and 7-Eleven engaged in discussions, but in November 2010 elected not to proceed with a merger.

Casey's announced in 2017 that it plans to open about 10 new locations in western Ohio.

Casey's announced plans in August 2018 to build a store in Huber Heights, Ohio.

In 2018 Casey's announced under increasing pressure from outside investors to adopt a range of new digital initiatives including a new Fleet Card, Mobile App, and loyalty program for Casey customers. The CEO announced in late 2018 the initiative would be complete by Quarter 1 of 2020.

In October 2020, Casey's announced a rebranding, including a new logo and dropping 'General Stores' from its name.

In November 2020, Casey's announced it was acquiring Omaha-based Bucky's Convenience Stores, a 94 store chain, in a $580 million deal.

In September 2021, Casey's purchased 38 Pilot Food Mart locations and two truck stop locations from Pilot Corporation. The locations, located in East Tennessee around the Knoxville area, were owned by the Haslam family outright and not part of the company's national truck stop chain jointly-owned by Pilot, Berkshire Hathaway, and FJ Management.

In August 2023, Casey's purchased 63 Minit Mart and Certified Oil locations in Kentucky and Middle Tennessee, with plans to convert those stores into Casey's locations.

In November 2023, Casey's announced plans to expand into Texas with the purchase of 22 convenience stores mainly in North Texas.

Operations
As of November 2023, Casey's has over 2,500 stores across these states:

 * Arkansas
 * Illinois
 * Indiana
 * Iowa
 * Kansas
 * Kentucky
 * Michigan
 * Minnesota
 * Missouri
 * Nebraska
 * North Dakota
 * Ohio
 * Oklahoma
 * South Dakota
 * Tennessee
 * Texas
 * Wisconsin

title: Casey's


text:
Pope Peter II

Pope Peter II may refer to:

 * Patriarch Peter II of Alexandria, Patriarch of Alexandria from 373 to 381
 * Manuel Corral, leader of the Palmarian Christian Church from 2005 to 2011 under the title Pope Peter II
 * Peter the Roman, a future pope mentioned in the Prophecy of the Popes

title: Pope Peter II


text: Category:710s BC births

title: Category:710s BC births


text:
Day of the Jackanapes

"Day of the Jackanapes" is the thirteenth episode of the twelfth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons. It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 18, 2001. In the episode, Krusty announces his retirement due to interference from network executives and the growing popularity of the game show Me Wantee. When Krusty reveals that all of the episodes featuring Sideshow Bob have been erased, Bob decides to murder Bart again by hypnotizing him into murdering Krusty during his farewell show.

"Day of the Jackanapes" was written by Al Jean and directed by Michael Marcantel and features recurring guest star Kelsey Grammer returning to voice Sideshow Bob, as well as Gary Coleman voicing himself. It features references to Johnny Carson, Bookends and Terminator 2: Judgment Day, among other things. It would also feature a parody of the song "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah", but because the series' staff were not able to clear the rights for the song in time for the episode's broadcast, the song remained unreleased until 2007. In its original broadcast, the episode was seen by approximately 9 million viewers, finishing in 34th place in the ratings the week it aired.

Following its broadcast, the episode received positive reviews from critics.

Plot
When the popular game show Me Wantee! steals ratings from The Krusty the Clown Show, Krusty, annoyed with the network executives, announces his fifth—and final—retirement. During an interview with Kent Brockman, he says he is tired of doing his show, and admits to taping Judge Judy over all his old shows featuring Sideshow Bob. Upon hearing this on TV, Bob vows revenge and plots to kill Krusty. Bob is released from prison and applies for a job at Springfield Elementary as an assistant janitor. However, Principal Skinner decides to make him the morning announcer. Over the announcements, he asks Bart to meet him in the abandoned tool shed. Sideshow Bob then hypnotizes Bart, and starts to program him to kill Krusty on sight. Bob tests his hypnoses by having Bart smash a statue of Krusty at a local Krusty Burger location.

The next night is Krusty's farewell special, and as Krusty describes the history of his career, Bob straps Bart with explosives in order to kill Krusty. Bart attempts to hug Krusty, thereby setting off the explosives, but before he can, Krusty talks to the audience about how he regrets mistreating Sideshow Bob, holding himself responsible for turning Bob into a ruthless criminal. Krusty even goes far by singing a song on behalf of Bob, stating how very remorseful he is of mistreating him. Upon witnessing this, Bob is touched and develops a change of heart, but does not have enough time to stop his original plan from being carried out. Luckily, Krusty's trained chimp Mr. Teeny sees the life-threatening explosives, which he throws into the network executives' office, breaking Bart's hypnotic state and killing all the executives, though they then reanimate themselves like the T-1000. After the show, the Simpsons have dinner with Krusty, Bob and Sideshow Mel in a restaurant. Although Krusty and Bob reconcile, the police decide to execute Bob by guillotine for his attempted murder plot, although he argues with Chief Wiggum that he should have a trial first.

Production
The first draft of "Day of the Jackanapes" was written by current showrunner Al Jean. In the DVD commentary for the episode, Jean said that he had always wanted to write an episode about Sideshow Bob, and that "Day of the Jackanapes" would be a good way to have the character return. He also said that the writers wanted to work with Kelsey Grammer, who portrays Sideshow Bob, again. "Of all the guest stars we've had who've been great, he's right up there as the very best", he said.

Still, the writers had trouble with coming up with a story for Sideshow Bob since they had already explored several aspects of the character before. "It's just that we've done so many angles of whether he's, he's good, he's reformed and then his brother came to town..." executive producer and former showrunner Mike Scully said about the difficulty of writing episodes about Sideshow Bob.

At the beginning of the episode, Krusty is shown being pestered by network executives who comment on every choice he makes. He announces his departure from The Krusty the Clown Show after the executives give him notes during filming of a sketch. At the end of the episode, Mr Teeny is uncertain of where he should throw the plastic explosives that Bart wore. When he sees the two executives discussing in a room, he throws it onto them. Instead of dying of the explosion however, the pieces of the executives reconstitute into what Jean describes as a "super-executive".

These sequences were inspired by Jean's dissatisfaction with some network executives, who he felt took control over a television series he was working on before he returned to The Simpsons in 1999. "I had just worked on a show on another network [...] we had a show where there were a lot of notes from executives", Jean said of the inspiration for the scenes. The episode would originally have a different ending, but it was changed to its current iteration after the writers did not find the original ending humorous enough. When recording the DVD commentary however, Jean said that he was a bit dissatisfied with the new ending. "I think we did leave it a little hanging", he said.

During one of the recording sessions for the episode, The Simpsons ' staff recorded "Hullaba Lula", a version of the 1946 song "Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah" with Grammer as Sideshow Bob on vocals. The song would originally be used in the episode, but the staff were not able to clear the rights for the song in time. It was therefore removed from the episode altogether, and remained unreleased until September 17, 2007, when it was included as a bonus track on the soundtrack album The Simpsons: Testify. Aside from Grammer, the episode also features American actor Gary Coleman as himself.

Cultural references
The episode's title is a play on the 1971 political thriller novel The Day of the Jackal, while its plot is based on the 1959 political thriller novel The Manchurian Candidate. Before filming an episode of his show, Krusty is stopped by the two network executives, who attempt to explain to him why the sitcom Seinfeld worked as a series. After Krusty has announced the cancellation of his show, a group of crying children are seen at the Krustylu Studios, where the show is filmed. The name of the studio is based on Desilu Studios, a television company based in Los Angeles. In an interview with Kent Brockman, Krusty says that he taped over all episodes of his show that Sideshow Bob was in with episodes of the reality court show Judge Judy. This is a reference to how NBC reused tapes of early episodes of The Tonight Show to film new programs. While in the Springfield Elementary School's tool-shed, Sideshow Bob accidentally steps on a rake and says "Rakes, my old arch-enemy." This is a reference to the scene, in the season 5 episode "Cape Feare", where Sideshow Bob steps on rakes a ridiculous number of times.

At one point in his last show, Krusty performs while sitting on a stool, a reference to television host Johnny Carson's last appearance on The Tonight Show. While watching Krusty's final show, Sideshow Bob holds a bag of Kettle Chips and says "Kettle Chips, the perfect sidedish for revenge." Because of this scene, the writing staff received several bags of Kettle Chips from Kettle Foods, according to Jean. When asking for Sideshow Bob's forgiveness, Krusty sings a song to the tune of "Mandy" by Barry Manilow. The picture behind him is based on the cover of Bookends by Simon & Garfunkel. After having exploded, the two network executives reform into a "super-executive". The scene is a reference to the 1991 science fiction action film Terminator 2: Judgment Day. Another reference to Terminator 2 is found earlier in the episode when Krusty drives a golf cart away from the network executives and one of them tries to cling on with golf clubs, similar to the T-1000. At the end of the episode, Krusty and Sideshow Bob reconcile in a restaurant. On the wall behind them are several pictures of guest stars that had previously appeared on The Simpsons, including Mark McGwire, Ringo Starr, Sting, Tom Jones, Brooke Shields and Elizabeth Taylor.

Release
In its original American broadcast on February 18, 2001, "Day of the Jackanapes" received an 8.8 rating, according to Nielsen Media Research, translating to approximately 9 million viewers. The episode finished in 34th place in the ratings for the week of February 12–18, 2001, tying with an episode of Malcolm in the Middle. On August 18, 2009, the episode was released as part of a DVD set called The Simpsons: The Complete Twelfth Season. Mike Scully, Al Jean, Ian Maxtone-Graham, Yeardley Smith, Tim Long, Matt Selman and Michael Marcantel participated in the audio commentary for the episode.

Following its home video release, "Day of the Jackanapes" received positive reviews from critics. In his review of The Simpsons: The Complete Twelfth Season, Mac McEntire of DVD Verdict described the episode as a "winner". He especially enjoyed the scene in which Bart hits a statue of Krusty in the groin with a baseball bat. DVD Talk's Jason Bailey wrote that this episode and "Insane Clown Poppy" both "really shine", and Will Harris of Bull-Eye.com wrote that the episode was "a crowd-pleaser across the board."

Colin Jacobson, of DVD Movie Guide wrote that, although it does not compare with the best Sideshow Bob episodes, it still "looks good" compared to the rest of the season. He enjoyed the lampooning of network executives, and though he did not consider the episode to be a "classic", he maintained that it "fares pretty well."

IGN's Robert Canning also wrote that, although the episode is overall "solid", it is "lacking that extra something" that the best Sideshow Bob episodes have. Nevertheless, it reached number eight on the website's list of ten best Sideshow Bob episodes of the series.

title: Day of the Jackanapes


text:
Talk:Edward Emerson Barnard

Untitled
He spent only two months of his early life in school, receiving all of his education from his mother. Forced to help support her, Barnard took a job in a photography gallery when he was nine.

I see my lil' paragraph about E. S. Holden has been tagged for neutrality disputed. Probably a good thing - but what is the procedure here? Should I edit this to make it more neutral or leave it to be considered (I'm fairly new at this)? Lesonyrra 22:03, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

 * No particular procedure that I know of...just a way of flagging an issue and giving others a chance to discuss it and possibly make changes. I do not personally know anything about Barnard's apparent conflict with Holden, but the word "draconian" raises a POV red flag.  I thought that your first version of the sentence was neutral, yet made the point that Holden probably was not an easy individual to work with.  If some contemporary made the observation that Holden's style was "draconian," then put the word in quotation marks and cite the source.  Otherwise -- and this is just my opinion -- go back to your first version (also preferably with a citation).  - Cuppysfriend 23:47, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

Okay. Thanks. I'll go back to the source (William Sheehan's Barnard bio) and check. I don't know that that exact word was used but (in memory at least) it's reasonably accurate description of the behavior described there. Lesonyrra 17:12, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

First recorded Trojan
I understand that in 1904 E.E.B. made the first known observation of a Trojan asteroid (the first discovery was by his friend Max Wolf in 1906). Only recently was his observation identified as Trojan.

See http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/pressinfo/TheFirstTrojanObs.html "The Earliest Observation of a Trojan" - Brian G Marsden.

94.30.84.71 (talk) 20:46, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

Possible contradiction
First section of this article states that Edward Emerson Barnard discovered Barnard's Star. But article about Barnard's_Star state that "...E. E. Barnard. He was not the first to observe the star". 82.135.241.187 (talk) 07:47, 6 September 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Edward Emerson Barnard


text:
Burnaby—Douglas

Burnaby—Douglas was a federal electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1997 to 2012.

History
This electoral district was created in 1996 from New Westminster—Burnaby and Burnaby—Kingsway ridings.

Portions of Vancouver South—Burnaby and New Westminster—Coquitlam—Burnaby have been added to it since.

The 2012 electoral redistribution dissolved this riding and incorporated it into Burnaby North—Seymour and Burnaby South for the 2015 election.

Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Burnaby—Douglas


text:
Cariboo—Prince George

Cariboo—Prince George is a federal electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2004.

Geography
The riding of Cariboo—Prince George extends from near Williams Lake in the south to Prince George in the north and Vanderhoof in the west. Cities and towns in this area include Williams Lake, Quesnel, Wells, Prince George & Vanderhoof. Voters in the Vanderhoof and Prince George tend to vote more Conservative while voters in the Cariboo (Quesnel, Williams Lake) tend to lean towards the NDP.

History
This district was created in 2003 from parts of Cariboo—Chilcotin and Prince George—Bulkley Valley ridings.

The 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution concluded that the electoral boundaries of Cariboo—Prince George should be adjusted slightly, and a modified electoral district of the same name will be contested in future elections. The redefined Cariboo—Prince George lost a small portion of its current territory in the upper Bella Coola Valley to the district of Skeena—Bulkley Valley but is otherwise unchanged. These new boundaries were legally defined in the 2013 representation order, came into effect upon the call of the 42nd Canadian federal election, scheduled for October 2015.

title: Cariboo—Prince George


text:
Chilliwack—Fraser Canyon

Chilliwack-Fraser Canyon was a federal electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 to 2015.

Geography
The district includes the City of Chilliwack, the Districts of Hope and Kent (which includes the town of Agassiz, the small towns along the Fraser Canyon north to and including the Village of Lytton and the District of Lillooet, plus the rural settlements and mountain towns of the Bridge River Country.

History
The electoral district was created in 2003 principally from Fraser Valley riding with additional parts from Cariboo—Chilcotin, Pitt Meadows—Maple Ridge—Mission, Okanagan—Coquihalla and West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast.

The 2012 electoral redistribution dissolved this riding into Chilliwack—Hope and Mission—Matsqui—Fraser Canyon, with a small portion going to West Vancouver—Sunshine Coast—Sea to Sky Country. This came into effect for the 2015 election.

title: Chilliwack—Fraser Canyon


text:
Boom Town (film)

Boom Town is a 1940 American Western film starring Clark Gable, Spencer Tracy, Claudette Colbert, and Hedy Lamarr, and directed by Jack Conway. The supporting cast features Frank Morgan, Lionel Atwill, and Chill Wills. A story written by James Edward Grant in Cosmopolitan magazine entitled "A Lady Comes to Burkburnett" provided the inspiration for the film. The film was produced and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Plot
"Big John" McMasters and "Square John"/"Shorty" Sand are two down-on-their-luck oil wildcatters who join forces. Without enough money, they steal drilling equipment from a skeptical Luther Aldrich. Their well proves a bust and they have to hastily depart when Aldrich shows up with the sheriff to take back his property. The two oilmen team up and make enough money to partially pay Aldrich. To get him to back them for a second try, they cut him in for a percentage of the well. This time, they strike it rich.

When Elizabeth "Betsy" Bartlett shows up, McMasters sweeps her off her feet (without knowing that Sand considers her his girl) and marries her. Sand accepts the situation, wanting Betsy to be happy. However, on their first anniversary, she catches her husband dancing with a barroom floozy. As a result, Sand quarrels with McMasters and they flip a coin for the entire oilfield. Betsy leaves her husband, but returns when she learns that he has lost almost everything to Sand and needs her.

Each man goes through booms and busts. Building on his renewed success as a wildcatter, McMasters moves to New York to expand into refineries and distribution, competing against former customer Harry Compton. Seeking inside information about his rivals, he hires away Compton's adviser Karen Vanmeer, who uses her social contacts and womanly charms to gather industry information.

Meanwhile, Sand loses everything he has built up in South America to a revolution. When he meets McMasters at an oilmen's convention, the two finally reconcile, and Sand goes to work for his old friend. When he suspects that McMasters is carrying on an affair with Karen, he tries to save Betsy's marriage by offering to marry Karen. However, she deduces his motives and declines. When a miserable Betsy tries to commit suicide by taking sleeping pills, Sand decides that the only way to help her is to bankrupt McMasters. Sand loses his costly battle with his former friend and goes broke. It is only when he asks McMasters to give his wife a divorce that the married man finally comes to his senses. Later, McMasters is prosecuted by the government for violating the Sherman Antitrust Act and loses his business. In the end, poor, but happier, Sand and McMasters team up again, with the blissful Betsy looking on. Aldrich supplies them with equipment and the whole cycle begins again.

Cast

 * Clark Gable as "Big John" McMasters
 * Spencer Tracy as "Square John" Sand
 * Claudette Colbert as Betsy Bartlett McMasters
 * Hedy Lamarr as Karen Vanmeer
 * Frank Morgan as Luther Aldrich
 * Lionel Atwill as Harry Compton
 * Chill Wills as Deputy Harmony Jones
 * Marion Martin as Whitey
 * Minna Gombell as Evie
 * Joe Yule as Ed Murphy
 * Horace Murphy as Tom Murphy
 * Roy Gordon as "Mac" McCreery
 * Richard Lane as Assistant District Attorney
 * Casey Johnson as Jack McMasters as a child
 * Baby Quintanilla as Jack McMasters as a baby
 * George Lessey as Judge
 * Sara Haden as Miss Barnes
 * Frank Orth as Barber
 * Frank McGlynn Sr. as Deacon
 * Curt Bois as Ferdie
 * Howard Hickman as McCreery's associate #1 (uncredited)

Cast notes:
 * Gable's father, William Gable, was an oil-well driller and as a teenager Gable himself worked for his father in Oklahoma, so he was familiar with the subject of this film.

Production
MGM had been looking for a project set in the oil fields as a vehicle for Clark Gable for some time. They optioned the short story "The Lady Comes to Burkburnett" in November 1938.

The actress originally considered for the female lead role was Myrna Loy, for whom the part was written. Instead, this became the second, and last, pairing of Colbert and Gable, who had starred together in It Happened One Night. Gable and Spencer Tracy had also worked together before, in two other films, San Francisco and Test Pilot. Eventually Tracy insisted on the same top billing clause in his MGM contract that Gable enjoyed, effectively ending the pairing, though Tracy and Gable liked each other personally and enjoyed working together.

The movie was the first Gable made under a new seven-year contract with MGM. Tracy, in fact, brooded over his second-billing status during the filming of Boom Town and was reportedly unpleasant to deal with. He especially did not get along with either of the female leads.

Some of the location shooting for the film took place in South Belridge, California.

Critical
Bosley Crowther of The New York Times praised the scenes involving the oil wells as exciting but found the human part of the story "peters out into repetitious wrangling along monotonous lines." Variety's review was positive, writing: "Unlike many large-budgeted productions carrying multistar setups that tend either to costume background or sophistication for limited appeal, this one breaks out with a dashing, rough-and-tumble yarn of modern adventure that carries all elements for widest audience appeal ... story is repetitious in its cutbacks to new oil fields and gushers, but this fact will be considered unimportant by the customers." Harrison's Reports accurately predicted that the film's star power would make it a big hit, but said the story was "only fairly good" and the plot "somewhat thin."

Film Daily called the screenplay "excellent" and wrote that Conway "has furnished an outstanding job of directing, blending the action, love interest and comedy so that interest is held to the end." John Mosher wrote a mixed review for The New Yorker, stating that "when the plot leaves the West and comes East, it grows rather feeble. Western bars, these boom towns and their peculiar architecture and their customs, and the spectacle of the great oil gushers themselves form a substantial background of interest, I should say, which a commonplace plot merely frames."

It ranked seventh on Film Daily's year-end nationwide poll of 546 critics of the 10 Best Films of 1940.

Box office
Boom Town was a box office success upon its release, becoming the highest-grossing film of 1940. According to MGM records the film earned $3,664,000 in the US and Canada and $1,365,000 elsewhere, resulting in a profit of $1,892,000.

Awards and honors
Harold Rosson was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography (Black-and-White), and A. Arnold Gillespie (photographic effects) and Douglas Shearer (sound effects) were nominated for Best Special Effects.

title: Boom Town (film)


text:
1,1-Difluoroethane

1,1-Difluoroethane, or DFE, is an organofluorine compound with the chemical formula C$2$H$4$F$2$. This colorless gas is used as a refrigerant, where it is often listed as R-152a (refrigerant-152a) or HFC-152a (hydrofluorocarbon-152a). It is also used as a propellant for aerosol sprays and in gas duster products. As an alternative to chlorofluorocarbons, it has an ozone depletion potential of zero, a lower global warming potential (124) and a shorter atmospheric lifetime (1.4 years).

Production
1,1-Difluoroethane is a synthetic substance that is produced by the mercury-catalyzed addition of hydrogen fluoride to acetylene:
 * HCCH +  2 HF   →   CH$2$CHF$4$

The intermediate in this process is vinyl fluoride (C2H3F), the monomeric precursor to polyvinyl fluoride.

Uses
With a relatively low global warming potential (GWP) index of 124 and favorable thermophysical properties, 1,1-difluoroethane has been proposed as an environmentally friendly alternative to R134a. Despite its flammability, R152a also presents operating pressures and volumetric cooling capacity (VCC) similar to R134a so it can be used in large chillers or in more particular applications like heat pipe finned heat exchangers.

Furthermore, 1,1-difluoroethane is also commonly used in gas dusters and numerous other retail aerosol products, particularly those subject to stringent volatile organic compound (VOC) requirements.

The molecular weight of difluoroethane is 66, making it a useful and convenient tool for detecting vacuum leaks in Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems. The cheap and freely available gas has a molecular weight and fragmentation pattern (base peak 51 m/z in typical EI-MS, major peak at 65 m/z) distinct from anything in air. If mass peaks corresponding to 1,1-difluoroethane are observed immediately after spraying a suspect leak point, leaks may be identified.

Safety
Difluoroethane is an extremely flammable gas, which decomposes rapidly on heating or burning, producing toxic and irritating fumes, including hydrogen fluoride and carbon monoxide.

In a DuPont study, rats were exposed to up to 25,000 ppm (67,485 mg/m$2$) for six hours daily, five days a week for two years. This has become the no-observed-adverse-effect level for this substance. Prolonged exposure to 1,1-difluoroethane has been linked in humans to the development of coronary disease and angina. Repeated or sufficiently high levels of exposure, particularly purposeful inhalation, can precipitate fatal cardiac arrhythmia.

Abuse
Difluoroethane is an intoxicant with abuse potential. It appears to act primarily through GABAA and glutamate receptors. Fatalities linked to difluoroethane abuse include actress Skye McCole Bartusiak, singer Aaron Carter and wrestler Mike Bell. Bitterants, added voluntarily to some brands to deter purposeful inhalation, are often not legally required; they do not negate or counteract difluoroethane's intoxicating effects.

Environmental abundance

Most production, use, and emissions of HFC-152a have occurred within Earth's more industrialized and populated northern hemisphere following the substance's introduction in the 1990s. Its concentration in the northern troposphere reached an annual average of about 10 parts per trillion by year 2011. The concentration of HFC-152a in the southern troposphere is about 50% lower due to its removal rate (i.e. lifetime) of about 1.5 years being similar in magnitude to the global atmospheric mixing time of one to two years.

title: 1,1-Difluoroethane


text:
Delta—Richmond East

Delta—Richmond East was a federal electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 until 2013.

Geography
It was located in the Metro Vancouver, and consisted of:
 * the south east part of the City of Richmond,
 * the village of Steveston in Richmond,
 * the west part of the Corporation of Delta,
 * Musqueam Indian Reserve No. 4, and
 * Tsawwassen Indian Reserve.

Demographics
This riding's population is 38% immigrants. About 20% is Chinese-Canadian. The service sector, retail trade, construction, and manufacturing are the major sources of employment in this riding. The average family income is almost $90,000. Unemployment is around 4.8%.

History
The electoral district was created in 2003 from Delta—South Richmond and Richmond ridings. It was dissolved in 2011 into Delta and Steveston—Richmond East.

title: Delta—Richmond East


text:
Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca

Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca is a former federal electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada, which was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1988 to 2015

Geography
It initially consisted of:
 * the Esquimalt District Municipality and the City of Colwood;
 * Electoral Area D of the Capital Regional District, the southwest part of Electoral Area B, the southwest part of Electoral Area E'
 * the southwest part of Saanich District Municipality,
 * the southeast part of Cowichan Valley Regional District, and
 * Metchosin District Municipality.

History
The riding was created in 1988 from Esquimalt—Saanich and Cowichan—Malahat—The Islands ridings.

Members of Parliament
This riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

title: Esquimalt—Juan de Fuca


text:
Tushar Gandhi

Tushar Arun Gandhi (born 17 January 1960) is an Indian author and son of Arun Manilal Gandhi, thus great-grandson of Mahatma Gandhi. In March 2005, he led the 75th anniversary re-enactment of the Dandi March. From 2007 to 2012, he was the Goodwill Ambassador of the CISRI-ISP Intergovernmental Institution for the use of Micro-algae Spirulina Against Malnutrition.

Early life
Tushar Arun Gandhi was born on 17 January 1960, in Shegaon, Maharashtra, to Arun and Sunanda Gandhi. His father was an author and his mother was a researcher. Tushar was raised in the Mumbai suburb of Santacruz. He studied at Adarsh Vinay Mandir, a local Gujarati-medium school. He holds a diploma in printing from the Government Institute of Printing Technology, Mumbai.

Personal life
Gandhi resides in Mumbai. In 1985, he married Sonal Desai. Together, they have 2 children, son Vivan Gandhi and daughter Kasturi Gandhi. Kasturi was so named after Kasturba Gandhi.

Career
Tushar Gandhi is best known for having established in 1998 in Vadodara, Gujarat, the Mahatma Gandhi Foundation. It is now located in Mumbai (and he is still its President).

Since 1996, he has served as the President of the Lok Seva Trust, an NGO established by Dr. Kanti Gandhi, grandson of Mahatma Gandhi in central Bombay in the mid-1950s for the welfare of textile-mill labourers.

In 2000, Tushar portrayed himself in a fictional Tamil - Hindi movie directed by Kamal Hassan, "Hey Ram".

In 2001, Tushar Gandhi negotiated with American marketing firm CMG Worldwide the use of the Mahatma’s image in an advertisement (aimed at university students) for a credit card company. This perceived betrayal of Gandhian ideals was followed by a public outcry causing him to cancel the deal.

In 2009, he did likewise in a semi-fictional movie, "Road to Sangam," based on an episode in his own life.

A nonfiction book by him, Let's Kill Gandhi, was published in 2007 and became for a few weeks a best seller in India. Tushar in his book Let’s Kill Gandhi, blamed Brahmins in general for assassinating Mahatma Gandhi. Some critics claimed that the book defamed all Brahmins. Tushar has said he was misquoted and his claims relate only to "a certain group of Brahmins from Pune [who] were continuously attempting on the life of my great grandfather", rather than to Brahmins in general.

In 2008 he was appointed Chairman of the Australian Indian Rural Development Foundation (AIRDF).

He is trustee at Maharashtra Gandhi Smarak Nidhi since 2014.

In 2018 he played a significant role in petitioning successfully the Supreme Court of India to direct the states and Union Territories to comply with its orders to curb cow-vigilante lynch mobs.

In 2019 he became a Director of the Gandhi Research Foundation in Jalgaon, Maharashtra.

In 2023, Tushar Gandhi was appointed as the Ambassador for “Return to Palestine”. This connected to his earlier support of his father's career-killing comments in 2008 regarding Jews and Israel (Arun had stated that Jews talked too much about the Nazi Holocaust and that the world would be destroyed by Israel and the U.S.'s "culture of violence") and his work on behalf of boycott movements in India.

title: Tushar Gandhi


text:
Fleetwood—Port Kells

Fleetwood—Port Kells is a federal electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 2004.

Geography
It consists of the northeast part of the City of Surrey, Barnston Island, and Barnston Island Indian Reserve No. 3 the Greater Vancouver Regional District. The communities of Fleetwood, East Newton, Fraser Heights, Port Kells and North Clayton are contained within this riding.

Demographics

 * According to the 2011 Canadian census

Languages: 46.9% English, 17.6% Punjabi, 8.8% Chinese, 4.9% Tagalog, 4.0% Korean, 2.8% Vietnamese, 2.3% Hindi, 1.1% Spanish, 11.6% Other

Religions: 43.0% Christian, 19.6% Sikh, 3.7% Muslim, 3.6% Buddhist, 3.3% Hindu, 0.4% Other, 26.4% None

Median income: $26,124 (2010)

Average income: $34,327 (2010)

History
The electoral district was created in 2003 from Surrey Central and some of Surrey North riding.

The 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution concluded that the electoral boundaries of Fleetwood—Port Kells should be adjusted, and a modified electoral district of the same name will be contested in future elections. The redefined Fleetwood—Port Kells gains very small areas from the current ridings of Surrey North and South Surrey—White Rock—Cloverdale while losing significant portions of its current territory to the new districts of Cloverdale—Langley City, South Surrey—White Rock and Surrey—Newton. These new boundaries were legally defined in the 2013 representation order, which came into effect upon the call of the 42nd Canadian federal election, scheduled for October 2015.

title: Fleetwood—Port Kells


text:
Tract housing

Tract housing, sometimes informally known as cookie cutter housing, is a type of housing development in which multiple similar houses are built on a tract (area) of land that is subdivided into smaller lots. Tract housing developments are found in suburb developments that were modeled on the "Levittown" concept and sometimes encompass large areas of dozens of square miles.

Design

Tract housing came about in the 1940s when the demand for cheap housing skyrocketed. Economies of scale meant that large numbers of identical houses could be built in a "cookie cutter" fashion faster and more cheaply to fulfill the growing demand. Developers would purchase a dozen or more adjacent lots and conduct the building construction as an assembly-line process.

Tract housing development makes use of few architectural designs, and labor costs are reduced because workers need to learn the skills and movements of constructing only those designs rather than repeat the learning curve. In addition, as all houses in the development will be built at the same time, the cost of purchasing and transporting building supplies may be reduced due to economies of scale. Components such as roof trusses, plumbing, and stair systems are often prefabricated in factories and installed on-site. This allows builders to offer lower prices, which in turn can make houses affordable to a larger percentage of the population. Early tract houses were often identical, but many tracts since the late 20th century have several designs and other variations in footprint, roof form, and materials, along with options such as garage bays, for a more diverse appearance.

Suburbs

The concept of tract housing is occasionally mocked in North American popular culture as the basis of suburbia; notable examples are the songs "Little Boxes" by Malvina Reynolds, "Suburbia" by the Pet Shop Boys and "Subdivisions" by Rush. It is also often criticized by city planners and architects, as its construction tends to overlook required elements of successful community building, instead creating a homogeneous residential neighborhood with no walkability, local employment, commerce, services, or attractions within close commuting distance. This leads to a heavy reliance on automobile travel, as residents are unable to address any of these needs locally.

title: Tract housing


text:
Langley (federal electoral district)

Langley was a federal electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 to 2015. It was a 327 km2 in area with 117,858 people located in the suburbs of the Lower Mainland.

History
The electoral district was created in the 2003 Representation Order with 82,070 people from the former riding of Langley—Abbotsford, and 28,976 people from South Surrey—White Rock—Langley. This new riding includes the City of Langley, the Township of Langley, and the Indian reserves of Katzie IR No. 2, Matsqui IR No. 4 and McMillan Island IR No. 6.

As per the 2012 electoral redistribution, this riding was dissolved into Langley—Aldergrove and Cloverdale—Langley City for the 2015 election.

Members of Parliament
Its Member of Parliament was Mark Warawa, a former loss prevention officer. He was first elected in the 2004 election. He is a member of the Conservative Party of Canada caucus. He serves as a member on the Legislative Committee on Bill C-38 and the Standing Committee on Justice, Human Rights, Public Safety and Emergency Preparedness. During the 40th Parliament, he was the parliamentary secretary to the Minister of the Environment and served as a member of the Standing Committee on Environment and Sustainable Development. Warawa died from pancreatic cancer on June 20, 2019. No by-election was held before the 2019 Canadian federal election.

title: Langley (federal electoral district)


text:
User talk:Galithia

Please supply citations for your assertion that tarantula bites were believed by some to cause people to turn into werewolves. P0M 02:11, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Galithia


text:
User talk:DrVeghead

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! - UtherSRG 02:11, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Wood Preservation
Please review the changes that I have to the article Timber treatment. --Lumber Jack 17:40, 4. Jul 2006 (CEST)

title: User talk:DrVeghead


text:
Newton—North Delta

Newton—North Delta was a federal electoral district in the province of British Columbia, Canada, that had been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 2004 to 2015, when it was abolished and redistributed to the Delta and Surrey—Newton electoral districts.

Geography
It is located within the Greater Vancouver Regional District, and consists of the eastern part of the Corporation of Delta and the western and central parts of the City of Surrey.

Demographics
Newton—North Delta has the highest percentage of people of Sikh ethnic origin (27.6%); of native Punjabi speakers (33.4%); of those that use Punjabi as home language (26.8%); as well as of South Asians overall (42.7%), lagging only Richmond - 50.2% Chinese - in terms of population proportion of a single visible minority group.

In terms of religion, it is the federal riding with the highest percentage of Sikhs (27.6%) and, more generally, the highest percentage of people with a non-Judeo-Christian religion affiliation, 38.0% in particular (Sikh: 27.6%, Muslim: 4.3%, Hindu: 4.1%, etc.).

History
The electoral district was created in 2003 from parts of Delta—South Richmond and Surrey Central ridings.

Members of Parliament
The riding has elected the following members of Parliament:

During the 40th Parliament, Dhaliwal was a member of the Standing Committee on Transport, Infrastructure and Communities.

title: Newton—North Delta


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Puffer thief

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 02:03, 6 May 2005 (UTC)

Puffer thief
This was marked as after it was Transwikied to Wiktionary. The problems it has are that the claims made in it are unverified, and its importance is questioned. A comment made on its talk page says, "Some of the information came from a police officer I personally know, research on stolen cars, and from [a] newspaper article itself (the part I remembered). The officer I know did say he had never heard the term, but he also never worked in the area (Colorado/Denver) where the term seems to be used." Of course, there are no specific third party references to back this up. Zzyzx11 | Talk 02:11, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm the one that cleaned up the grammar/POV and applied the tags. The problem of running cars getting stolen is certainly real, but the term "puffer thief" is a neologism. Merge into Motor vehicle theft, but don't refer to "puffer thief" at all. android↔talk 02:17, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism. --Carnildo 20:24, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, Neologism. Master Thief Garrett 03:08, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, neologism. Megan1967 06:14, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism.  Can't even find references to it on google. Tobycat 00:48, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User talk:Dalf/sandbox1

Dimminsions of the Drak Equation: $${stars \over year \times galexy} \times {plantes \over star} \times {habital planets \over planets } \times {life \over habitable planets} \times {inteligent life \over life} \times {communicating life \over inteligent life} \times years$$

Or you can do one manually if you need only a segment of the board:

title: User talk:Dalf/sandbox1


text:
Category:Crimea

This category is for Crimea, a peninsula on the Black Sea which is disputed by Ukraine and the Russian Federation.

title: Category:Crimea