text:
User talk:AdamR~enwiki

Welcome!
Hi AdamR, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called AdamR. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name AdamR~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 21:36, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 10:11, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:AdamR~enwiki


text:
User talk:Rajshi

Welcome!
Hi Rajshi, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 19:21, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Rajshi


text:
Talk:Shortwave bands

Untitled
For a May 2005 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/Shortwave bands

Extremely badly written, I believe it would be better to get rid of it completely and start from the scratch. Unless rewritten, I'll nominate it for deletion. - Mike Rosoft 19:22, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree. Beginning with the title:  If it were named Amateur HF Bands, that would be better, since there are also the broadcast shortwave bands too. Roodog2k 20:34, 30 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Okay, I've taken a big hack at it, though I don't know much about commercial allocations outside the international broadcasting and amateur radio worlds. I'd like someone to take a hack at the Marine and Land Mobile section to flesh it out a bit. Haikupoet 02:16, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

Expansion Needs
Basically work is needed to cover three uses -- military, commercial, and maritime uses of the HF bands. When I rewrote this article way the hell back in May, I didn't (and still don't) have the expertise to fill in those sections. Haikupoet 05:37, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

Redirection?
I don't like the redirection from 12 Meters. There should be a separate page for 12M like the rest of the articles as some radios are sold to cover that band. Davidl9999 (talk) 10:30, 29 November 2007 (UTC)
 * I've changed the redirect (along with that of 17 meters and 30 meters) to point to the WARC bands article. Given the small spectrum of these three bands (250 kHz total) and their related nature, I doubt that the individual bands warrant articles unless the WARC bands atricle has been extensively expanded first. Caerwine Caer’s whines  16:09, 29 November 2007 (UTC)
 * That makes very good sense. Thanks! Davidl9999 (talk) 21:48, 14 December 2007 (UTC)

Redirects
Instead of directing the reader to a bunch of empty pages that say nothing, keep all the facts and figures about each shortwave band here until *this* article gets too long. Then, and only then, transfer each band to its own "featured article candidate" article replete with history, properties, diagrams,references (properly cited from reliable sources) and photos.

It's probably better for a reader to get an overview of all the bands in one place instead of chasing all over the Wikipedia to compare them. Surely someone out there owns a WARC handbook that isn't packed away in his garage until his renovation is completed...we should get a more authoritative, WARC-based reference for the band limits than someone's random table radio manual. --Wtshymanski (talk) 20:05, 19 November 2010 (UTC)

 * My idea (which I only partially implemented before Wtshymanski reverted me) was to have one page per band (like there already are for many of the ham bands) and then they could be linked from any article that wanted them. Then they'd not have to be duplicated all over the place. I take your point that as it stood, my "per band" pages were mostly stubs - but that was because the job wasn't finished. Amongst the things that a "per band" page could list would be the typical propagation conditions to expect, details of the frequency allocation per WARC region, maybe even a list of transmitters known to operate on a given band (many of which have their own page already).
 * So - if I was wrong to attempt that, is it wrong for the ham bands to have "per band" pages? Probably not - because they have matured to the point of actually having details like band-edge frequencies per region, and a bit of history even. Steve Hosgood (talk) 21:46, 19 November 2010 (UTC)
 * I'm not entirely sure that having individual ham band articles was a good idea either. Anyway, as we say around here, there's no deadline. Put as many details as we can find in each band description and when each band has more than a couple of lines of description, it will be easy to split them out complete with references.  I don't think there's ever going to be enough to say about any individual band to make it worth having its own article, and I think collectivitiies of trivialities should be discussed as a whole rather than individually. --Wtshymanski (talk) 22:11, 19 November 2010 (UTC)

Two Tables of bands?
Wtshymanski just added a table with the comment "nice table from Shortwave; let's have the same information at several places so we're never sure which is right". There's a lot of truth in that comment! However the new table just blindly repeats the same information that the existing one did! The "Shortwave" page should be referencing this article when discussing bands (that's what this article is for!) rather than have its own table. However I don't see that this page is improved by having *both* tables. One or the other please Steve Hosgood (talk) 21:56, 19 November 2010 (UTC)

 * As if to prove Wtshymanski's amusing comment, the tables have a mutual contradiction already: "75m band – 3900–4050 kHz" or is that top limit 4000kHz?? Steve Hosgood (talk) 22:07, 19 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Who knows? Not a reference to be had in either article. And yet somehow I think someone somewhere must be keeping the occult knowledge on a parchment locked in a vault under a mountain, somewhere...--Wtshymanski (talk) 22:13, 19 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Pick the table you like. I like real tables for tabular information, as opposed to long bulleted lists. The "Monitoring Times" table is even better because it shows sb-bands within each range that have different authorizations in different parts of the world. If my World Radio Handbook wasn't stored away I'm sure I could expand this table with some kind of an authoritative reference. Not all the bands are available for broadcasting in all the parts of the world. --Wtshymanski (talk) 22:16, 19 November 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shortwave bands


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APTV

APTV is an abbreviation with multiple meanings, including

 * Associated Press Television News
 * American Public Television, also abbreviated APT
 * Aptiv, the auto parts company, based on its ticker symbol.

title: APTV


text: Category:Drink companies of Canada

title: Category:Drink companies of Canada


text: User:Ungtss/records

title: User:Ungtss/records


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Special Criminal Court

The Special Criminal Court (SCC; An Chúirt Choiriúil Speisialta) is a juryless criminal court in Ireland which tries terrorism and serious organised crime cases.

Legal basis
Article 38 of the Constitution of Ireland empowers the Dáil to establish "special courts" with wide-ranging powers when the "ordinary courts are inadequate to secure the effective administration of justice".

The Offences against the State Act 1939 led to the establishment of the Special Criminal Court for the trial of certain offences. The scope of a "scheduled offence" is set out in the Offences Against the State (Scheduled Offences) Order 1972 as encompassing offences under:

 * Malicious Damage Act 1861
 * Explosive Substances Act 1883
 * Firearms Act 1925 to 1971
 * Offences against the State Act 1939

A further class of offences was added by Statutory Instrument later the same year under:

 * s.7 of the Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act 1875

Offenses under the Criminal Damage Act 1991 are also scheduled.

 * Criminal Justice (Terrorist Offences) Act 2005

Scheduled offences
Offences covered under the laws are known as "scheduled offences".

The Special Criminal Court also has jurisdiction over non-scheduled offences where the Attorney-General certifies, under s. 47(2) of the Offences against the State Act 1939, that in his or her opinion the ordinary courts are "inadequate to secure the effective administration of justice in relation to the trial of such person on such charge". The Director of Public Prosecutions (DPP) exercises these powers of the Attorney-General by delegated authority.

History
On 26 May 1972, the Government exercised its power to make a proclamation pursuant to Section 35(2) of the under the Offences against the State Act 1939 which led to the establishment of the Special Criminal Court for the trial of certain offences. The current court was first established by the Dáil under the Offences against the State Act 1939 to prevent the Irish Republican Army from subverting Ireland's neutrality during World War II and the Emergency. The current incarnation of the Special Criminal Court dates from 1972, just after the Troubles in Northern Ireland began.

Prior to May 1972, Provisional IRA volunteers in the Republic of Ireland were tried in normal courts. The three-judge Special Criminal Court was re-introduced following a series of regional court cases where IRA volunteers were acquitted or received light sentences from sympathetic juries and judges, and also to prevent jury tampering.

Although the court was initially set up to handle terrorism-related crime, its remit has been extended and it has been handling more organised crime cases since the Provisional IRA ceasefire in the 1990s. For instance, members of the drugs gang which murdered journalist Veronica Guerin were tried in the Special Criminal Court.

Section 35(4) and (5) of the Offences against the State Act 1939 provide that if at any time the Government or the Parliament is satisfied that the ordinary courts are again adequate to secure the effective administration of justice and the preservation of public peace and order, a rescinding proclamation or resolution, respectively, shall be made terminating the Special Criminal Court regime; to date, no such rescinding proclamation or resolution has been promulgated. Following the introduction of a regular Government review and assessment procedure on 14 January 1997, reviews taking into account the views of the relevant State agencies were carried out on 11 February 1997, 24 March 1998, and 14 April 1999, have concluded that the continuance of the Court was necessary, not only in view of the continuing threat to State security posed by instances of violence, but also of the particular threat to the administration of justice, including jury intimidation, from the rise of organised and ruthless criminal gangs, principally involved in drug-related and violent crime.

Structure; second court
The court is composed of three judges appointed by the government from among the judges of the ordinary courts, usually one from the High Court, one from the Circuit Court and one from the District Court. The court sits as a three-judge panel with no jury, and verdicts are by majority vote. Verdicts can be appealed to the Court of Criminal Appeal.

On 8 February 2016, the Minister for Justice and Equality Frances Fitzgerald announced that a second Special Criminal Court would open on 4 April 2016 following a Government decision to establish a second non-jury Special Criminal Court to try terrorist and crime-gang offences.

Criticism
The Special Criminal Court has been criticised by the Irish Council for Civil Liberties, Amnesty International and the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, for its procedures and for being a special court, which ordinarily should not be used against civilians. Among the criticisms are the lack of a jury, and the increasing use of the court to try organised "ordinary" crimes rather than the terrorist cases it was originally set up to handle. Critics also argue that the court is now obsolete since there is no longer a serious terrorist threat to the State (see: Northern Ireland peace process), although others disagree and cite the continuing violence from dissident republican terrorism, international terrorism and serious gangland crime.

Under the law, the court is authorised to accept the opinion of a Garda Síochána chief-superintendent as evidence that a suspect is a member of an illegal organisation. However, the court has been reluctant to convict on the word of a garda alone, without any corroborating evidence.

Sinn Féin had stated in the past that it was their intention to abolish the Special Criminal Court as they believed it was used to convict political prisoners in a juryless court, however Sinn Féin are no longer in favour of its abolition. Some prominent Sinn Féin members (including Martin Ferris and Martin McGuinness) have been convicted of offences by it. In 1973 Martin McGuinness was tried at the SCC, which he refused to recognise, after being arrested near a car containing 250 pounds (110 kg) of explosives and nearly 5,000 rounds of ammunition. He was convicted and sentenced to six months imprisonment.

Well-known cases

 * In 1976 Marie and Noel Murray were sentenced to death by the court for the capital murder of Garda Michael Reynolds. The convictions were overturned on appeal and they were instead sentenced to life in prison for "ordinary" murder. They were released in 1992.
 * One of the most famous is the case of Nicky Kelly, who was convicted along with two other men by the Special Criminal Court in 1978 of carrying out the Sallins Train Robbery. All three convictions were later overturned after it was found that the suspects had been assaulted by gardaí while in custody.
 * In 1997 and 1998 John Gilligan, Patrick "Dutchy" Holland, Brian Meehan and Paul "Hippo" Ward were all tried by the Special Criminal Court on charges relating to the murder of journalist Veronica Guerin and drug trafficking charges. Paul "Hippo" Ward was convicted of the Guerin murder and sentenced to life in prison as an accomplice in the assassination. Brian Meehan was convicted on the testimony of gang member turned state's witness Russell Warren and was convicted of murdering Guerin, and sentenced to life imprisonment.
 * In 1999 Pearse McAuley from Northern Ireland and three County Limerick men; Jeremiah Sheehy, Michael O'Neill and Kevin Walsh – all members of the Provisional IRA – were convicted by the non-jury Special Criminal Court of the killing of Detective Garda Jerry McCabe in Adare, Co. Limerick in June 1996. He was shot 3 times.
 * In 2001, Colm Murphy was convicted of "conspiracy to cause an explosion likely to endanger life or cause injury" in connection with the Omagh bombing. In January 2005 Murphy's conviction was quashed and a retrial ordered by the Court of Criminal Appeal, on the grounds that two gardaí had falsified interview notes, and that Murphy's previous convictions were improperly taken into account by the trial judges. In 2009 Murphy was found liable for the bombing in a civil trial; he was cleared of criminal charges at the SCC in February 2010.
 * In 2003, Michael McKevitt was convicted of "directing terrorism" and "membership of an illegal organisation" for his role as leader of the Real IRA.
 * In 2013 Limerick gangland crime boss John Dundon was found guilty of the murder of rugby player Shane Geoghegan, mistakenly identified as a rival; he was sentenced to life in prison by the Special Criminal Court.
 * In 2014, Wayne Dundon and Nathan Killeen were found guilty by the Special Criminal Court of the murder of Roy Collins in Limerick and sentenced to life imprisonment.
 * The trial of Patrick Hutch for murder and possession of firearms for the 5 February 2016 shooting of David Byrne was set for January 2018 at the Special Criminal Court; he was denied bail. On 20 February 2019, all charges against Patrick Hutch were dropped and he walked free from court.[15] To date, nobody has been convicted of David Byrne's death.
 * In 2023 Gerry Hutch was acquitted of the murder of David Byrne.

title: Special Criminal Court


text:
Kamen Rider Black RX

Kamen Rider Black RX (仮面ライダー) is a Japanese tokusatsu superhero television series produced as part of the Kamen Rider series. The ninth show in the franchise, it is a joint collaboration between Ishimori Productions and Toei Company, and aired on the Mainichi Broadcasting System and the Tokyo Broadcasting System from October 23, 1988, to September 24, 1989. The series is a direct sequel to Kamen Rider Black and the first to feature a team-up with the past Riders since the 1984 TV special Birth of the 10th! Kamen Riders All Together!!. For distribution purposes, Toei refers to this television series as Black Kamen Rider RX.

This was also the last installment of the Kamen Rider series to be produced in the Shōwa era and the first to be produced in the Heisei one — Episode 11 was delayed by one week following Emperor Hirohito's death.

The series was adapted by Saban in North America as Masked Rider. The show featured a heavily altered story and all-new characters, in an attempt to fit the series in as a spin-off of Power Rangers.

Story
Following the Fall of Gorgom, Kotaro Minami tries to live a normal life with the Sahara family. However, this brief moment of peace is soon shattered by the arrival of the Crisis Empire-an evil alien menace that aims to eradicate humanity and claim dominion over Earth. After refusing to aid them in their nefarious goals, Kotaro is thrown hurtling back towards the planet with his transformation belt shattered. However, when he awakens, Kotaro discovers that the sun's rays have blessed him with new power-the power of Kamen Rider Black RX!

Episodes

 * 1) The Child of the Sun! RX (太陽の子だ！ＲＸ) (Original Airdate: October 23, 1988)
 * 2) Bask in Light! RX (光を浴びて！ＲＸ) (Original Airdate: October 30, 1988)
 * 3) RX vs. the Knight of the Wind (ＲＸ対風の騎士) (Original Airdate: November 6, 1988)
 * 4) The Car of Light, Rideron (光の車ライドロン) (Original Airdate: November 13, 1988)
 * 5) The Cave Exploration's Falling Hole (洞窟探検の落し穴) (Original Airdate: November 20, 1988)
 * 6) The Kaima Extraterrestrials' Great Riot! (怪魔ＥＴ大暴れ！) (Original Airdate: November 27, 1988)
 * 7) SOS! The Circle of Friendship (ＳＯＳ！友情の輪) (Original Airdate: December 4, 1988)
 * 8) Dad's And Mom's Secret (パパとママの秘密) (Original Airdate: December 11, 1988)
 * 9) Maribaron's Witchcraft (マリバロンの妖術) (Original Airdate: December 18, 1988)
 * 10) Surprised With Replicas (ニセ者でドッキリ) (Original Airdate: December 25, 1988)
 * 11) The Scraps' Revolt (スクラップの反乱) (Original Airdate: January 15, 1989)
 * 12) The Assassin in Dreams (夢の中の暗殺者) (Original Airdate: January 22, 1989)
 * 13) The Targeted Kaima Girl (狙われた怪魔少女) (Original Airdate: January 29, 1989)
 * 14) The Kidnapped Hitomi-chan (ひとみちゃん誘拐) (Original Airdate: February 5, 1989)
 * 15) Robo Rider Is Born (ロボライダー誕生) (Original Airdate: February 12, 1989)
 * 16) The Miraculous Valley's Princess (奇跡の谷の姫君) (Original Airdate: February 19, 1989)
 * 17) Bio Rider! (バイオライダー！) (Original Airdate: February 26, 1989)
 * 18) The Mystery! Swimming in the Air of Dreams (怪！夢の空中遊泳) (Original Airdate: March 5, 1989)
 * 19) The Artificial Sun of Terror! (恐怖の人工太陽！) (Original Airdate: March 12, 1989)
 * 20) The Banana Eating Ogre (バナナを喰う鬼) (Original Airdate: March 19, 1989)
 * 21) The Front of Love And Friendship (愛と友情の戦線) (Original Airdate: March 26, 1989)
 * 22) Shadow Moon! (シャドームーン！) (Original Airdate: April 2, 1989)
 * 23) RX Became a Pig (ブタになったＲＸ) (Original Airdate: April 9, 1989)
 * 24) Dad Is Dracula (パパはドラキュラ) (Original Airdate: April 16, 1989)
 * 25) The Bride of Scorpio (さそり座の花嫁) (Original Airdate: April 23, 1989)
 * 26) Bosgan's Revenge (ボスガンの反撃) (Original Airdate: April 30, 1989)
 * 27) Huge Counterattack! The Prince of Shadows (大逆襲！影の王子) (Original Airdate: May 7, 1989)
 * 28) The Agent of the Majestic Emperor (皇帝陛下の代理人) (Original Airdate: May 14, 1989)
 * 29) A World Without Water (水のない世界) (Original Airdate: May 21, 1989)
 * 30) Tokyo Desert Without a Tomorrow (明日なき東京砂漠) (Original Airdate: May 28, 1989)
 * 31) The Woman Who Saw the Kaima World (怪魔界を見た女) (Original Airdate: June 4, 1989)
 * 32) The Sky of Love And Hope (愛と希望の大空) (Original Airdate: June 11, 1989)
 * 33) Decisive Battle on the Great Seto Bridge (瀬戸大橋の大決戦) (Original Airdate: June 18, 1989)
 * 34) Making a Plan For The Shikoku Aircraft!! (四国空母化計画！！) (Original Airdate: June 25, 1989)
 * 35) Kotaro Wanted!! (光太郎指名手配！！) (Original Airdate: July 2, 1989)
 * 36) Who's the Hero!? (ヒーローは誰だ！？) (Original Airdate: July 9, 1989)
 * 37) Skinning With Tusks, the Beastman Ninja Troop (牙むく獣人忍者隊) (Original Airdate: July 16, 1989)
 * 38) The Wicked Dance Troop of the White Bone Field (白骨ケ原の妖舞団) (Original Airdate: July 23, 1989)
 * 39) A Running Explosion! Mini 4WD (爆走！ミニ４ＷＤ) (Original Airdate: July 30, 1989)
 * 40) The Trap of the Ghostly Housing Development (ユーレイ団地の罠) (Original Airdate: August 6, 1989)
 * 41) The Terror of the 100 Eyed Hag (百目婆ァの恐怖) (Original Airdate: August 13, 1989)
 * 42) The 4 Commanders Are Banished (四隊長は全員追放) (Original Airdate: August 20, 1989)
 * 43) Defeated! RX (敗れたり！ＲＸ) (Original Airdate: August 27, 1989)
 * 44) Fight! All Riders (戦え！全ライダー) (Original Airdate: September 3, 1989)
 * 45) The Fake Rider's Last Days (偽ライダーの末路) (Original Airdate: September 10, 1989)
 * 46) The Riders' All Out Charge (ライダーの総突撃) (Original Airdate: September 17, 1989)
 * 47) A Shining Tomorrow! (輝ける明日) (Original Airdate: September 24, 1989)

TV special

 * 1988: Kamen Rider 1 Through RX: Big Gathering (仮面ライダー１号～ＲＸ大集合) - It covers all the heroes, from Kamen Rider 1 until ZX and introduces Kamen Rider Black RX.

3D Film
Kamen Rider: Run All Over the World (仮面ライダー 世界に駆ける) is a short 3D film originally screened in the Coal History Village in Yubari between April 29 throughout October 31, 1989. The film involves a team-up between Kotaro Minami's four Kamen Rider alter-egos (Black, RX, Robo Rider and Bio Rider) to fight against the Crisis Empire. Tetsuo Kurata plays Kotaro Minami and voices all four of his Kamen Rider alter-egos. General Jark, the four commanders of Crisis, and three high priests of Gorgom also appear in the movie, all played by their original actors with the exception of Bosgan (who is unvoiced) and Darom (who is voiced by Eisuke Yoda). The movie was written by Yoshio Urasawa and directed by series director Yoshiaki Kobayashi.

In the film, the Crisis Empire devises a plan to defeat Kotaro by reverting him back to his old form of Kamen Rider Black and sending out several revived monsters after him. However, Kamen Rider Black is assisted by another Black RX, who used a time warp to help his past self. The two are joined by Black RX's alternate forms of Robo Rider and Bio Rider, and the four Riders combine their powers to defeat the revived monsters.

The film is included as a bonus on the Region 2 DVD release of Kamen Rider Black RX Vol. 2. The DVD versions lack the original 3D effects of the theatrical release. A bonus Blu-ray 3D disc containing the movie is included in the "Kamen Rider: The Movie Blu-ray Box 1972-1988" set.

After 0
The S.I.C. Hero Saga story for Black RX ran in Monthly Hobby Japan in the December 2002 through March 2003 issues. Titled Kamen Rider Black RX: After 0 (MASKED RIDER BLACK RX -After 0-), it tells the story of what happened after the finale of Black RX. It features the original characters the White RX (Another RX) (白いRX（アナザーRX）), Shadow Moon with RX powers, and the Creation King (Another Shadow Moon) (創生王（アナザーシャドームーン）), the result of Shadow Moon absorbing both King Stones.

 * Chapter titles
 * 1) Ceremonial Day (式日)
 * 2) Dazzling (眩惑)
 * 3) Earth's Demise (終焉の地)
 * 4) King of Dreams (夢幻の王)

Cast

 * Tetsuo Kurata as Kotaro Minami (南　光太郎)
 * Makoto Sumikawa as Reiko Shiratori (白鳥 玲子)
 * Makoto Akatsuka as Shunkichi Sahara (佐原 俊吉)
 * Eri Tsuruma as Utako Sahara (佐原 唄子)
 * Rikiya Koyama as Joe of Haze (霞のジョー)
 * Megumi Ueno as Kyoko Matoba (的場 響子)
 * Joe Onodera as Goro (吾郎)
 * Go Inoue as Shigeru Sahara (佐原　茂)
 * Shoko Imura as Hitomi Sahara (佐原 ひとみ)
 * Maho Maruyama as Princess Garonia (Teenager Hitomi)
 * Minoru Sawatari as Hayato Hayami (速水 隼人)
 * Goro Naya as Grand Lord Crisis (クライシス皇帝)
 * Seizō Katō (1-44) and Hidekatsu Shibata (45 & 46) as General Jark (ジャーク将軍)
 * Atsuko Takahata as Maribaron (マリバロン)
 * Shōzō Iizuka as Bosgan (ボスガン)
 * Toshimichi Takahashi as Gatezone (ガテゾーン)
 * Kazunori Arai as Gedorian (ゲドリアン)
 * Atsuo Mori as Chakram (チャックラム)
 * Tetsuya Matsui as Dasmader (ダスマダー)
 * Masaki Terasoma as Shadow Moon (シャドームーン)
 * Teiji Ōmiya as King Stone (キングストーン)
 * Issei Masamune as Narrator

Songs

 * Opening theme
 * "Kamen Rider Black RX" (仮面ライダーBLACK RX)
 * Lyrics: Kang Jin-hwa
 * Composition & Arrangement: Eiji Kawamura
 * Artist: Takayuki Miyauchi
 * Ending theme
 * "Dareka ga Kimi o Aishiteru" (誰かが君を愛してる)
 * Lyrics: Kang Jin-hwa
 * Composition: Tetsuji Hayashi
 * Arrangement: Eiji Kawamura
 * Artist: Takayuki Miyauchi

International Broadcast, Home Video and Streaming

 * In its home country of Japan from August 1993 to September 1994, the full series was released on VHS by Toei Video and spread across 12 volumes with four episodes on each tape, with the last volume containing only three episodes. Six volumes of the series were released on Laserdisc from March 21, 1999, to January 21, 2000, with all episodes. Then from May 21 to August 5, 2005, a total of 4 volumes were released with each holding two discs with 12 episodes, the last volume holding only 11. Then from June 10 to October 7, 2015, the full series was released on Blu-Ray in three volumes, with each one containing 3 discs and 16 episodes (15 for Volume 3). The Official Toei Tokusatsu YouTube channel also broadcast the series online from January 23 to July 1, 2012, then from June 16 to November 29, 2014, November 4, 2017, to April 21, 2018, and December 15, 2021, to May 25, 2022. The Toei Tokusatsu Nico Nico Official Channel also broadcast it online from April 21, 2013, to March 9, 2014.
 * It aired in Thailand on Channel 3, dubbed as weera burut nakak dam. ("วีรบุรุษหน้ากากดำ", literally: Black Mask Hero) and this along with the previous series was also released on VCD by Dream Vision and later again by TIGA Company under Rāchạny̒phlạng s̄uriyạnn ("ว่าราชันย์พลังสุริยัน", literally: Sun Power King).
 * In the Chinese-speaking world, Cantonese, Mandarin (Taiwan dialect), and Hmong dubs were produced and aired in Hong Kong, Taiwan, and in the Hmong-speaking regions respectively.
 * In Hong Kong, the series aired with a Cantonese Chinese dub aired from July 1, 1991, and finished by around 1992. Originally, it aired from July 1 to August 1991 at first on Asia Television. Then that same channel re-broadcast the previous series, Kamen Rider Black at that time, from August 2 to September 6, 1991, and the two dramas were collectively called "Kamen Rider 1991" (幪面超人1991). The first rebroadcast was from June 14, 1992, to January 10, 1993. The name was changed to "Kamen Rider RX" (幪面超人RX), and the broadcast time was every Saturday night or every Sunday night. The finale was broadcast on the evening of January 10, 1993, on a Sunday. The last episode gave the series' title a renamed "Kamen Rider RX Final Battle." (幪面超人RX終極之戰) Due to the high ratings at that time, many rebroadcasts were scheduled until March 31, 2002. The program name was still "Kamen Rider RX" and the broadcast time was every Sunday morning at 7:00. Therefore, the program was broadcast a total of 5 times, overall, with four re-runs throughout 11 years. On the contrary, because the ratings of the previous series Kamen Rider BLACK in Hong Kong were lower than that of this one, Asia Television Hong Kong has not arranged to rebroadcast the original series again. However, when Kamen Rider Decade was first broadcast on the TVB Jade Channel, it was translated as Kamen Rider BLACK RX (幪面超人BLACK RX) directly translated from the original Japanese.
 * In Taiwan, the series aired from December 1997 to November 1998 as Masked Rider RX (假面超人RX) on the Star Chinese Channel with a Taiwanese Mandarin dub, alongside its previous series that came before.
 * For the Hmong-speaking regions, A Hmong dub was produced and titled under Hnub Leej Tub Black RX and was released direct to video.
 * In Malaysia, the series received a Malay dub and aired from 1996-1997 on TV2. Nippon Vision also licensed and released a Malay dub of the series on VHS and VCD in addition. It also was released with an English dub on VCD by Speedy Video as simply Masked Rider Black RX.
 * Spain has aired a Castilian Spanish dub of the series on Antena 3.
 * In Indonesia, the series aired on RCTI as Ksatria Baja Hitam RX (Black Metal Knights RX) with an Indonesian dub on August 14, 1993. They also aired the Saban adaptation Masked Rider on Indosiar in 1997, as a separate series.
 * It was initially the second of the two series of the Kamen Rider franchise to be broadcast in Brazil (the other being the previous series which was Kamen Rider Black) with a Brazilian Portuguese dub, by the now-extinct network Rede Manchete debuting on the network on July 24, 1995, airing as Black Kamen Rider RX in the region. Like the previous series, the last episode (Episode 47 - A Shining Tomorrow!) did not air initially. However, the episode was still dubbed and was eventually shown on TV Diário in the state of Ceará when the series was rebroadcast. However, it was only shown once. InterMovies Action released the series on home video as well. On November 7, 2023, a Brazilian Portuguese dub of Kamen Rider Build was confirmed to be in the making.
 * As of 2024, this is the only entry in the Kamen Rider series to have dubbed versions of both itself and its American adaptation Masked Rider as two separate shows in Brazil.
 * The series was licensed by Discotek Media for Blu-Ray in the US and released on August 29, 2023.
 * The series was licensed by Discotek Media for Blu-Ray in the US and released on August 29, 2023.

title: Kamen Rider Black RX


text: User talk:69.113.105.225

title: User talk:69.113.105.225


text:
Talk:Substance-related disorder

Cited?
The fact that you have presented one group's opinion as fact does not mean that you can ask others not to change that. This page should reflect the fact that there is disagreement about what substance abuse is. Get a grip. Guttlekraw 00:17, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * You have been asked to cite sources for the last week, and still, you refuse to do so. --Viriditas | Talk 00:19, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * My God. What universe are you in? What sources do you want? Please, instead of a rant, simply state which part of this you want sources from. Everyone who has comented agrees with my edits except you. Guttlekraw 00:25, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It is not my job to find sources for your claims. You need to do the research. Please stop changing cited articles to reflect your own personal, POV. --Viriditas  | Talk 22:22, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

"Substance abuse is sometimes used as a synonym for drug abuse, drug addiction, and chemical dependency, but actually refers to the use of substances in a manner outside sociocultural conventions. All use of controlled drugs and all use of other drugs in a manner not dictated by convention (e.g. according to physician's orders or societal norms) is abuse according to this definition, however there is no universally accepted definition of substance abuse."

How do you abuse a substance? Does this include "abusing" food by getting fat? This article is based on opinion rather than fact. Even if citations are somehow found they will themselves be based on opinion. What drug does more harm has more to do with the person, how the drug is taken and cutting agents involved than the drug itself. Shooting milk into your veins will do more harm than than eating cannabis or opium. Does this make milk more harmful that heroin? This article was written by political person rather than a scientist. Would narcotics do the same amount of harm if they were not illegal in the first place? How do you do a scientific study on a drug when you have no clue what the cutting agents are and the environment is underground in some cases and controlled in others? When a drug is banned, research is limited to prohibitions organizations. Would the DEA allow unbiased studies on scheduled narcotics?--Cobra Control (talk) 17:22, 5 July 2009 (UTC)

Harm reduction
Many people beleive that eliminating 'drug abuse' is either unachievable or not desireable, and that the best way to manage drug use is through education and provision of equipment and space for safe use of drugs. These approaches are known as harm reduction, and advocates typically believe that responsible recreational drug use can be managed without harm.

Medical treatment
Non-dietary substances entering the body can often have deleterious effects both acute and chronic. Furthemore, the addictive nature of most drugs limits the individual's ability to discontinue drug use even when experiencing these adverse health effects.

Medical treatment then centers on two aspects: 1) breaking the addiction, 2) treating the health problems.

Most countries have health facilities that specialize in the treatment of drug abuse, although access may be limited to larger population centers and the social taboos regarding drug use may make those who need the medical treatment reluctant to take advantage of it. For example, it is estimated that only fifteen percent of injecting drug abusers are in treatment relative to the total in need.

Access to treatment facilities for patients with substance use disorders is an issue of concern as drug abuse is recognized as a chronic brain disease in the form of substance abuse and dependence. Patients may require acute and long-term maintenance treatment and relapse prevention, complemented by suitable rehabilitation.

Therapy
The development of pharmacotherapies for drug abuse treatment are currently in progress. New immunotherapies (depot medications) that counteract the effects of drugs like cocaine, methamphetamine, phencyclidine, nicotine, and opioid dependence are being tested. Buprenorphine is one new option for the treatment of opioid addiction. Traditionally, new pharmacotherapies are quickly adopted in primary care settings, however, drugs for substance abuse treatment have faced many barriers. Naltrexone, a drug marketed under the name "ReVia," is a medication approved for the treatment of alcohol dependence. Unfortunately, this drug has reached very few patients. This may be due to a number of factors, including resistance by addiction treatment providers and lack of resources.

Legal treatment
Most countries in the world have lists of controlled substances, which are those substances that the society has deemed too harmful for individuals to exercise their individual choice to use. For controlled substances, the legal punishments for the creation, distribution, possession and even personal use can be quite severe (including death penalty in some countries). See Prohibition (drugs) and Arguments for and against drug prohibition for a more detailed treament of these subjects.

Despite the illegality of controlled substances, many very large, organized criminal drug cartels operate world-wide. Advocates of decriminalization argue that it is the illegality of these substances that is making drug dealing such a lucrative business.

Sociology of drug abuse
As well as being a major public health problem, drug abuse is also a social problem with far-reaching implications. Stress, poverty, domestic and societal violence, and various diseases (i.e., injecting drug users as a source for HIV/AIDS)  are spread by drug abuse. Studies have also shown that individuals dependent on illicit drugs experience higher rates of comorbid psychiatric syndromes. Drug abuse has also been associated with social isolation from friends and family.

OK, this is beyond what I can put up with.
You just destroyed two articles, replacing both with stubs that summarize your point of view. Stop this vandalism and discuss these radical controversial changes before you make them. Guttlekraw 14:48, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Defs
I suggest we start with something like this for defs: http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=24405. Guttlekraw 14:51, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree with this. I think the DSM def of abuse is a reasonable one and does not confuse the legal with the medical.  I agree that the def used by Talk on the Drug abuse page was somewhat arbitrary and POV. Osmodiar 18:27, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Guttlekraw seems to be misleading you. I have used the DSM definition of Substance abuse, while Guttlekraw has been changing cited definitions to reflect his POV.  The link Guttlekraw uses above is merely an abbrieviated version.  Please also look at the page history to view the data that Guttlekraw is removing.  The definition on the drug abuse page was a cite from Mosby's, and not invented out of thin air like the one posted by Guttlekraw. --Viriditas  | Talk 21:05, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * No one is misleading me on this. I did read the history and Guttlekraw's contributions. Whether or not he has an agenda is irrelevant to this article, which should be able to stand on its own merit.  I am aware that the link he provided above was to the DSM definition.  I strongly support making the distinction between legal and clinical definitions clear. Osmodiar 04:25, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Guttlekraw hasn't made any contributions aside from manipulating cited text that I provided, so I believe you are being misled. He did not originally provide the link to the DSM definiton.  I am the one who provided the link here.  The problem with Webster's definition is that it basically restates the defintion for drug abuse, whereas Mosby and Mediline Encylclopedia discern between the two.  The distinction between legal and clinical definitions is being developed on the drug abuse page, however it should certainly be added here as well. --Viriditas  | Talk 05:02, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

The word "dependence" probobly should not be in the definition as dependence has its own clinical definition. Osmodiar 04:28, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Your point is covered by the statement:  There are on-going debates as to the exact distinctions between substance abuse and substance dependence, but current practice standard distinguishes between the two by defining substance dependence in terms of physiological and behavioral symptoms of substance use, and substance abuse in terms of the social consequences of substance use. I will attempt to further clarify this as much as possible, and would appreciate any suggestions or contributions on your part. --Viriditas  | Talk 05:05, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I have altered the introduction in response to your criticism. --Viriditas | Talk 06:16, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

In the comment above mine the definition in the quote does not make sence. Substance abuse is an old fashioned term used when the substance use is causing harm to the user. This harm could be medical, legal, sociological or financially etc. The modern term of 'problematic substance use' is much more Politically correct, easier to understand and is less widely used in the wrong way by people unaware of the proper definitions. This is a continuation of my arguments to change the name of this page to substance use or to leave a stub page on substance abuse and move anything relating to any other part of substance use like dependancy to another page. Delighted eyes 14:41, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

Meaning obscured
Guttlekraw, be careful with your changes. We don't want to imply that the term substance abuse is something to be used lightly (ie. a term used to refer to unapproved use of a substance) when clearly by definition, substance abuse should only refer to detrimental abuse of a substance. Your removal of the word, "harmful" actually works against your efforts to justify recreational use. --Thoric 20:25, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Link from drug abuse
This page should be shown when searching for drug abuse. I am new here (just wrote my first article), can someone experienced do this? Plf515 03:33, 24 November 2006 (UTC)plf515
 * Sorry, I disagree. We are dealing with two different topics.  Drug abuse deals with a general overview of the overuse of drugs for nontherapeutic effects while substance abuse is a specific diagnostic classification of a mental disorder. I will create a dab header to highlight the difference. —Viriditas | Talk 05:05, 24 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Something strange is happening. Today when I clicked on your link to drug abuse, an article appeared.  Yesterday, when I typed in drug abuse in search, it was blank, which is why I suggested linking from there to here.  I do agree there is room for at least two pages (I do work in substance abuse).

The only difference between 'drug abuse' and 'substance abuse' is that drug abuse is a non-politically correct term. Usually used by people who are unaware of the term substance. The term drug abuse also differs in its use due to peoples definition of what a drug is. The word 'drug' is often used by people when refering to substances which are illegal or have a stigma attached to there use. Drug abuse is some times used to not include alcohol or prescription medication as some do not see these as drugs but would understand that they are also substances. Drug abuse could be called a 'slang' term' or a general term used by the public or the media. The term 'drug abuse' is also used as it is more likely to strike fear due to its associations with hyperdermic needles etc.

I agree that the page drug abuse should stay as it is a common term but it should link straight to this page and the fact that it is not the professional or pc term used should be stated. Delighted eyes 14:21, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

Substance vs. drug abuse
The section on substance abuse vs. drug abuse seems to conflict with the intro definition of the topic. Whether any use of illicit drugs is substance abuse or drug abuse is controversial. This section defines the use of illicit drugs as abuse simply because society and the law labels them illicit. The intro definition seems to refers to the "overindulgence in and dependence on a psychoactive" thus making not all use of illicit drugs as (if not overindulged) as substance abuse. Now if the medical communities believes that any use of illicit drugs is "overindulgence" then that ought to be made clear. Otherwise the two sections should be harmonized. Also the other terms mentioned in the section such a drug abuse and chemical dependency have various definitions depending on who is using them and thus may be synonyms for substance abuse or may not be. The section needs to be rewritten though I not sure how to rewrite best. --Cab88 06:59, 19 June 2007 (UTC)

There are many things wrong with ths page. I really think that this page should be called by the term which covers all types of use which is basicly 'substance use'. I have searched it and substance use does not seem to have a page. Under the heading substance use we could then give defininitions of the other terms also used and connected with substance use such as abuse, misuse, dependancy, addiction. It should be stated which are PC and which are not. The term substance abuse is quite old fashioned and it has been replaced by the term 'problematic substance use'. There are reasons why language changes and wikpedia should be kept up to date.

I do not wish to critasise anybodies work but I would ask that this page is done by proffesionals in the field such as myself so that the public are not misinformed. At the moment parts of the page contradict themselves and this needs changing.

It also needs to be kept in mind that the USA, the UK and other parts of the world have different substance use policies so anything.

I am going to have a look through now and se what is easy for me to change but i don't have a lot of time. At the moment all I like about this page is the definitions given in the lower section. have changed some sections and tidied up plus repaired some vandalism Delighted eyes 14:31, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

Merge to Drug addiction
See Wikipedia_talk:WikiProject_Medicine for discussion. Mikael Häggström (talk) 08:48, 29 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Merge tag removed. I've read the discussion and can see no useful purpose in merging this page. —Viriditas | Talk 12:22, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

SAMSHA link
Why was this link removed ? It had nothing to do with DMOZ which had been there before. -- (Bob) Wikiklrsc (talk) 15:09, 28 February 2008 (UTC)

Unsectioned/signed stuff from top of page
Moved this stuff to clean up page - Shamanchill (talk) 01:24, 15 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Why was the link to Dave Mustaine removed?

 * Hi there Christal, just wanted to point out that medical and legal authorities funadamentally disagree on what abuse is. For example, most US jurisdictions and medical authorities tend to include use of illicit drugs as abuse, whereas europeans tend not to classify use of illicit drugs as abuse unless it is harmful to the user or others. Of course, we all agree that there is no agreement over time about what abuse is, and that different countries classify which drugs are illicit differently. I'd appreciate it if you could work with me on this instead of simmply reverting. Thanks, You guys and do not smoke it's bad for you and don't do violent things or abuse, harm or anything. just don't do it!

Drug/substance abuse distinction
Not sure I am getting the drug/substance abuse distinction Does a perceived need for some such distinction arise from the fact that some drugs are within the scope of drug control laws while others are not? Does it imply that drug abuse is controlled drug abuse and substance abuse encompasses, also, abuse of other drugs? Laurel Bush (talk) 15:15, 16 February 2009 (UTC)

Editing
I edited contributions made by User:HDurr47. They failed to correctly cite their content, so I cleaned that up for them. Ndrysdale2 (talk) 21:22, 8 October 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Substance-related disorder


text:
Soorts-Hossegor

Soorts-Hossegor (Sòrts e Òssagòr) is a commune in the French department of Landes, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, southwestern France, 20 km (12 miles) north of Biarritz.

It is a well known seaside resort that is renowned for its surfing. The city's economy is centered around surfing. Its inhabitants are called Hossegoriens.

Name
In 1913, the town associated the toponym of Hossegor, from the name of its marine lake, with its original name of Soorts.

The root of Soorts is probably close to that of Sorde, the verb gascon sórder or sordar, sourdre, meaning "where there are sources".

Related names are Sor (Ariège, Sort) and Sort-en-Chalosse (Landes) from the same Gascon etymon.

The origin of Hossegor is more obscure: it may be an Aquitain or Basque name to be attached to the hydronyms osse and the adjective gorri, meaning "dry water".

History
Hossegor became a seaside resort in the early twentieth century. It is located between the cities of Biarritz and Arcachon.

Initially, it attracted wealthy visitors from large cities like Paris.

Some noteworthy visitors to Soorts-Hossegor have included J.H. Rosny in 1903 and Paul Margueritte in 1909.

Other personalities later joined them, like Charles Derennes in 1913, then Maxime Leroy, Gaston Chérau, Pierre Benoit, Tristan Dereme and Leon Blum in 1920.

After the Second World War, the town attracted a wider selection of visitors, including industrialists, academics and doctors. From the 1920s, real estate programs increased the arrival of tourists in the resort.

Some architects of the time became famous and embarked on many architectural projects. For example, in the early 1930s, the Gomez brothers built the Place des Landais: it was the first development of the waterfront in the town. This seafront was unique at the time. Indeed, the two architects built villas "en bande" (in a row) in the néo-Basque architectural style.

Many hotels were built at that time, such as Les Hortensias du Lac, a four-star luxury hotel with an extraordinary view of the marine lake, and the Mercedes, a three-star hotel near the city center overlooking the canal.

The Sporting Casino was built in those years; it attracted an elegant and wealthy clientele. Today, it hosts various exhibitions and events. It has also become an influential sports complex with its swimming pool, tennis courts and a miniature golf course.

Since the late 1990s, ultra-modern villas have been built in the resort.

Privileged individuals build huge villas near the lake and golf course in the same architectural style.

Sports and events
Municipal Stadium Soorts-Hossegor.

Every year, at the end of September, the greatest surfers of the world meet on the beaches of Hossegor to compete in a race counting for the pro world championships: the Quiksilver Pro France. The French Surf Federation has its headquarters in Hossegor. Surfing is a big attraction for visitors and a very important tourist activity for Hossegor.

It has long been one of the premier surfing locations in Europe, with a series of world-class beach breaks such as Gravière and La Nord, and with nearby beach breaks in Capbreton and Seignosse such as La Piste and Bourdaines.

In Hossegor there is also a large lake where many water activities can be enjoyed. The Landes forest is popular with nature lovers and cyclists.

Each summer the Grand Prix des Landes takes place on the Hossegor golf course. The Hossegor Golf Club is in the national league for both men's and women's golfers.

Golf is a popular activity in the Soorts-Hossegor region (and elsewhere on the Atlantic coast around Biarritz). Other sports available in the town are diving, tennis, horse riding and Basque pelote.

Another event takes place during Easter weekend: the sale of "spirit surf" clothes. More than 100,000 people flock to the craft zone where the European headquarters of brands such as Rip Curl and Billabong are located, looking to purchase sport clothes.

Population
In 2020, the town had 3,497 inhabitants, a decrease of 7.8% compared to 2012.

title: Soorts-Hossegor


text: User talk:209.152.55.50

title: User talk:209.152.55.50


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Joseph Ratzinger, Sr.

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. Tony Sidaway|Talk 10:54, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Joseph Ratzinger, Sr.
Not notable in his own right. Merge anything of interest into the articles on his sons. RickK 22:36, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Both of them? I realise there is policy on family members that applies, but mightn't this one usefully run on a bit? Charles Matthews 19:37, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This vfd was placed by anon user and I see it as simple vandalism of the article to cause a stir. I say we should not take this vote seriously as Benedict XVIs father has been in the medai extensively over the past two days.  I took off the tag, but will differ to an Admin if they really think that is a deletable article. -Husnock 19:42, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * FOLLOWUP: I saw the anon user might have been a legit person. Thats fine and Im sorry for taking it out.  If so, the tag should go back in.  We just have SO many problems with anons going through adding VFD tags and Dispute notices that they are often taken as vandalism.  My statements about this man stand on why he should ahve his article, with the situation with Adolf Hitler's relatives a perfect example.  The Hitler pages lists relatives down to the half nephew and all of them have articles.  If this article gets deleted then, by rights, all of those would have to go as well.  I vote KEEP. -Husnock 20:30, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It is not AT ALL vandalism, thank you. We frequently have votes for deletion of non-notable relatives.  RickK 22:36, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, I vote Keep for now, since a merge later is an easy option. But I think it can be argued either way, so I disagree with above the comment that this doesn't need a vote. Charles Matthews 20:28, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. There's already so much information here that to merge it into either or both of his son's articles would detract from their quality. Better to link to the father and cover it once, in one place; there's also the likelihood that more information will be added here, making the proposed merges yet more cumbersome. - Nunh-huh 20:48, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Georg's article under a title Biography of Pope Benedict XVI; if it's eventually decided that Georg would have qualified for an article on his own, this would probably still be an appropriate place to shift material from the Pope's main article. MisfitToys 22:36, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The article can stand on its own. Notable person, esp. now. I agree with Charles Matthews that a later merger is likely, but that would only be appropriate after this topic matures. -Casito⇝Talk 22:57, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable enough - and otherwise, he would have to be developed on two separate pages, might lead to inconsistent results. -- 8^D gab 22:59, 2005 Apr 20 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Pope Benedict XVI. No evidence has been presented that he is independently notable.  (Georg's article should probably also be merged but that's a different discussion.)  Rossami (talk) 23:09, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Quit silliness. Georg Ratzinger is a famous musician, who directed a world-famous choir, the eldest in the world, for many years, has made numerous famous recordings, and is a prelate in the Catholic Church. --83 unsigned comment by anon user:83.109.158.50
 * That is, of course, a judgment call. However, he held that position for quite a long time and until his brother was a strong candidate for elevation no one considered Georg noteworthy enough to create an article.  WP:MUSIC wasn't really written with classical music in mind but it's interesting to note that none of the inclusion criteria appear to apply.  You are free to disagree with me but please be civil and fact-based when doing so.  You should also sign your comments using  .  Rossami (talk) 20:36, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Neutralitytalk 23:02, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. This article is well written, and I personally think that because of some efforts of this gentleman, the Pope's thinking and actions will forever shape our world. Zscout370 23:07, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong keep. The article makes more than a satisfactory case for notability.23skidoo 00:49, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. If what is on the page is true, I would want to find this information on its own page--even if the page was no longer than what it is. Apparently, the issues of the father are different from the issues of the son.  And the examination of issues about pro- or anti-Nazi expression is clearer to me on two different pages in this case.  ---Rednblu | Talk 02:10, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Notable father. Klonimus 03:22, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge to Pope Benedict XVI, and add redirect. Not inherently notable on his own. Megan1967 04:56, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Given the interest in Pope Benedict's background and inaccurate coverage suggesting his background was a Nazi one. Capitalistroadster 05:08, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. There's likely to be more than enough material published to make this worthwhile. Material on family life is otherwise likely to clog up Pope Ben. Slac  speak up!  05:10, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I see nothing wrong with an article about the Pope's father.   — J I P | Talk 07:13, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge as relative of celeb. Radiant_* 07:33, Apr 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. He's notable and it's good that we have an article on him. However, I'm concerned that the article cites no sources whatsoever. It even says things like "various sources state" and "the majority of media sources later made it very clear". Can we have some references then please, otherwise this looks like original research. — Trilobite (Talk) 08:26, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable plus merging makes articles harder to find. N-Mantalk 11:32, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Paryly because that Pope Benedict XVI article will expand to a stage that more articles have to be created to condense information. Also, who can provide the birthdate of his Ratzinger, Sr.? Tan 22:56, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, per reasons listed by Tan. He has two notable sons, so I'd relax the "family members" rule over that.  However, if he were just an uncle or something, I would delete.  Keep this one. --Idont Havaname 15:13, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, I'm not too familiar with the family member policy, but we must consider that he may become notable / more notable after his death, and then the fact that you have two sons in Wickipedia; My biggest concern is that if we merge now, we will find ourselves de-merging in the future -- It's simply too soon to make a definitive decision unsigned comment by anon user:138.88.41.120
 * Keep. He might not have been notable a week ago but he's certainly notable now. -JCarriker 03:12, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. -- Lochaber 08:58, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - Greaser 11:31, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep This guy is now the father of the pope, one of the most visible figures in the world. This makes him inherently notable. A merge would just clutter an article that is now experiencing a huge number of edits. Bratsche talk random 21:39, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * 'Keep - his son is the Holy Father. Oliver Keenan 10:19, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep -- he's the popes' old man. - Longhair | Talk 11:54, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Parents of famous people are appropriate article subjects, as their influence on their offspring's opinions is a matter of historical significance. Keep. --Centauri 09:23, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is crazy.  We don't need articles on every famous person's relatives. Gamaliel 09:29, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
CityFolk Festival

The CityFolk Festival (known until 2014 as the Ottawa Folk Festival) is a folk music festival held annually in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Format
The festival is held on the Great Lawn at Lansdowne Park each September as a 4- or 5-day general admission ticketed event. As well as the main stage, there is a secondary stage inside Aberdeen Pavilion.

While its origins are in Canadian folk music, since 2011 the festival has also spotlighted other genres, including alt-country, hip-hop, roots, and blues.

Recent headliners include Robert Plant (2019), Hozier (2018), David Byrne, (2018), Jack Johnson (2017), Van Morrison (2015), Wilco (2015), Lorde (2014), Blue Rodeo (2014), Emmylou Harris (2013) and Kendrick Lamar (2013).

In addition to musical performances, the festival features local craft beer and artisans, festival food, and an offshoot event called Marvest – free concerts featuring emerging talent, held in local businesses.

Festival headliners
CityFolk (2014 -)

Robert Plant, Hozier, David Byrne, Jack Johnson, Vance Joy, James Bay, Van Morrison, The Avett Brothers, Wilco, Of Monsters and Men, UB40, Walk Off The Earth, Elle King, Lucinda Williams

Ottawa Folk Festival (1994–2013)

Kendrick Lamar, Lorde, Emmylou Harris, Joss Stone, Great Big Sea, Ben Harper, Bon Iver, Blue Rodeo, The Levon Helm Band, Jim Cuddy, Feist, Kris Kristofferson, Rufus Wainwright, Valdy, David Wiffen, Murray McLauchlan, Quartette, Bruce Cockburn, The Sadies, Roy Forbes, Connie Kaldor, Broken Social Scene, Martin Sexton, Jerry Douglas, Jane Siberry, Blackie and the Rodeo Kings, Jorane, Jesse Cook, Odetta, Kate & Anna McGarrigle, John Prine, Stephen Fearing, Richard Thompson, Buffy Sainte-Marie, La Bottine Souriante, Arlo Guthrie, Natalie MacMaster, Steve Earle, Sarah Harmer, and Ron Sexsmith.

Festival organization
The festival was established in 1994 by Max Wallace (Station Manager of the community radio station CKCU-FM and the festival's Director for its first two years of operation, 1994 & 1995) and Chris White (a local singer-songwriter) and a large committee of volunteers. First held on Victoria Island (Ottawa River), it moved to Britannia in 1995 where it remained until 2010.

From 2011–2014 the festival was held at Hog's Back Park in central Ottawa. The team behind Ottawa Bluesfest began to produce the festival in 2011.

Currently the festival is held at Lansdowne Park. Mark Monahan is the current executive and artistic director.

History
The festival was established 15 years after the demise of the Festival for the Folks (1976–1979), a previous folk festival in Ottawa. The first Festival of the Folks (1976) was held in Brewer Park and organized by Sheldon Wilner (CUSA programmer) and Jim Wright (CUSA Finance Commissioner).

The first Ottawa Folk Festival was held on Victoria Island, a small island between Ottawa and Gatineau in the Ottawa River. It ran only a single day, on August 28, 1994. Headliners on the inaugural festival included Valdy and David Wiffen. From this initial festival until 2006, the folk festival was formally known as the CKCU Ottawa Folk Festival acknowledging the support of the CKCU-FM radio station at Carleton University.

In its second year, the festival moved to Britannia Park, a large park near historic Britannia village in the west end of Ottawa. Britannia Park was also home for the Festival of the Folks for its final three years, and would remain the folkfest's home until 2010. The festival was also extended to run for two days (Saturday and Sunday) that year; in 1996, it was extended to run three days beginning with Friday evening concerts.

In 1996, the festival had cash flow problems that almost broke the organization. The festival retains close ties with Arlo Guthrie who performed at the two sold-out benefit concerts in that year that enabled the festival to continue. In more recent times the festival has turned toward the inclusion of non-folk and mainstream artists (such as a 2010 performance by Arrested Development and 2005 performance by Canadian Idol Kalan Porter) in an effort to boost attendance.

The festival underwent major changes in 2011. Facing a heavy debt-load which was exacerbated by heavy rain and high winds on the final day of the festival in 2010, the festival board accepted an offer from Ottawa Bluesfest organizers to take over the running of the festival. The new management moved the festival to Hog's Back Park near Mooney's Bay along the Rideau River.

In 2014 the festival was rebranded as CityFolk and relocated to Lansdowne Park.

Volunteers
The festival is supported by hundreds of volunteers, who are trained in specialty areas and allow the festival to operate. The volunteers collectively are the biggest sponsor in terms of how much their time contribution would cost the festival if these positions were paid. Students who are volunteers can receive Ontario high school credit for their participation.

title: CityFolk Festival


text: User talk:66.99.49.194

title: User talk:66.99.49.194


text:
Falaisia

Falaisia (Φαλαισία, before 1918: Μπούρα - Boura ) is a village and a former municipality in southwestern Arcadia, Peloponnese, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Megalopoli, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 274.926 km2. The seat of the municipality was in Leontari, 5 km northwest of the village Falaisia. The municipal unit Falaisia is located in the northern foothills of the Taygetus mountains, south of Megalopoli and north of Kalamata. It borders on Laconia to the southeast, and Messenia to the southwest.

Subdivisions
The municipal unit Falaisia is subdivided into the following communities (constituent villages in brackets):
 * Akovos (Akovos, Goupata)
 * Anavryto (Anavryto, Kato Anavryto)
 * Anemodouri
 * Dyrrachio
 * Ellinitsa
 * Falaisia (Falaisia, Moni Boura)
 * Giannaioi (Ano Giannaioi, Kato Giannaioi)
 * Graikos
 * Kamara (Kamara, Kampochori)
 * Leontari (Leontari, Gavria, Kalyvia, Kamaritsa, Kotsiridi)
 * Leptini
 * Neochori Falaisias
 * Petrina (Petrina, Moni Ampelaki, Spanaiika)
 * Potamia
 * Routsi
 * Skortsinos
 * Soulari
 * Tourkolekas
 * Veligosti
 * Voutsaras

title: Falaisia


text:
Birkenshaw, North Lanarkshire

Birkenshaw is a village in North Lanarkshire, Scotland, to the east of Glasgow, and in proximity to Uddingston, Tannochside and Viewpark. Historically it is part of Lanarkshire. Largely a residential area, it is more widely known for the Birkenshaw Trading Estate (Rannoch Road) which contains a range of DIY, electrical and furniture stores. It is sometimes considered as part of Viewpark and is contained within the Greater Glasgow conurbation.

It gained some notoriety after Peter Manuel, the "beast of Birkenshaw", committed some murders there.

title: Birkenshaw, North Lanarkshire


text:
Category:Pulp and paper companies of Canada

See also: Pulp and paper industry in Canada.


text:
Robert Quillen

Verni Robert Quillen (March 25, 1887 – December 9, 1948) was an American journalist and humorist who for more than a quarter century was "one of the leading purveyors of village nostalgia" from his home in Fountain Inn, South Carolina. In 2012, his office and library was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Youth and early career
Quillen was born in Syracuse, Kansas, near the Colorado border, and was reared in Overbrook, Kansas, a hamlet south of Topeka, where his father, J. D. Quillen, published the local newspaper. Robert early learned to set type and as a teenager sold pen-and-ink drawings and published a monthly magazine. In 1904, shortly before his seventeenth birthday, Quillen joined the U.S. Army under an assumed name (swearing he was 21), but by mid-1905, he had been released from military service. He then spent a few months working for newspapers in the northeastern United States where he had been discharged.

In 1906, he answered an ad seeking an editor for a weekly that a publisher hoped to establish in Fountain Inn, South Carolina. Although after his first encounter he remained in Fountain Inn only three months, Quillen there met and married Donnie Cox, a milliner, five years his senior. He moved on to Americus, Georgia, and then took his new bride to Washington state, where Quillen joined forces with his father and worked at publishing newspapers and magazines in Winlock, Anacortes, and Port Orchard. Quillen later wrote that he had gone "busted" in the West.

Fountain Inn Tribune
In 1910, when his brother-in-law in Fountain Inn offered to sell him a weekly advertising sheet called News and Notions, Quillen bought it and borrowed money to purchase his own press and type. In the following year Quillen began editing and publishing the newly christened Fountain Inn Tribune, "a well-organized publication overflowing with news of Fountain Inn and outlying communities."

At first, as Quillen confessed two decades later, "the natives were a little hot under the collar" at what he called his "hypothetical cases"—thinly veiled descriptions of the locals—but most soon warmed to him like an eccentric aunt. One Fountain Inn man warned a new preacher, "Don't get mad at anything Mr. Quillen says. We're used to him and just overlook his queerness." Among other oddities, Quillen regularly wore a "cowboy-type Stetson," raised a memorial to "Eve, the First Woman," published his father's obituary before he died, used a column to advertise his interest in adopting a baby boy ("must be between three and twelve months of age"), and built himself a faux Greek temple as a work space—which he never used.

Facile with words, Quillen took inconsistent political, economic, and racial positions; but he was "not afraid to bare his soul, express personal views, and even vent scorn and anger." For instance, he hated patent medicine, people who put on airs, late night noises (both human and natural), and the cats and jays that killed his beloved song birds. Although a shy man who refused to speak in public, he became something of a "one-man welfare and relief agency for the poor and needy of Fountain Inn."

Meanwhile, Quillen engaged in a "never ending struggle" to make the Fountain Inn Tribune pay its own way. With fewer than a thousand subscribers, the newspaper itself was probably never profitable, but Quillen used the ideas generated in Fountain Inn as the basis for pieces that appeared in scores of leading national magazines and newspapers. Twice, frustrated with the time it took to run the weekly, he sold the paper (notoriously in 1926 for one dollar) and twice bought it back. In 1929, Quillen called the Tribune "my hobby—my substitute for golf."

Syndicated journalist
By 1932 his work, which included editorials, paragraphs, cartoons, and one-liners, was regularly appearing in four hundred newspapers in the United States, Canada, England, and the Far East. Quillen wrote for such major periodicals such as the Baltimore Sun, the Saturday Evening Post, and The American Magazine, and he "took the greatest pride" in one-liners picked up by Literary Digest. According to a biographer, he was known as the best "paragrapher" of his day. With the assistance of Chicago newspaper executive Eugene P. Conley (co-founder of the Publishers Syndicate), Quillen also syndicated two single-panel cartoons (drawn by John H. Striebel), Aunt Het and Willie Willis — the latter of which was translated into Dutch as Pimmie Pimmel. As early as 1924, Quillen's income from syndicated material alone was probably more than $25,000 — easily ten times that amount in early 21st-century dollars.

Well into his forties, Quillen hoped to become a great novelist. Macmillan published his two novels, One Man's Religion (1923) and The Path Wharton Found (1924). The first was "little more than a loose collection of pieces first published in the Saturday Evening Post," the second, a book which one reviewer called a "good enough conventional story, hampered by neither originality nor brilliancy." A decade later Quillen referred to these books as "fortunately out of print."

In 1934 Hollywood screen writer Lamar Trotti and producer George Marshall visited Quillen to use him as a prototype for a Will Rogers film, Life Begins at 40, in which Rogers played a small-town newspaper editor. The film credits mentioned Quillen for "contributing dialogue."

Personal life
Unable to find the adoptive son for whom he had advertised, Quillen and his wife adopted a baby girl, Louise, to whom Quillen later wrote a noted series of public epistles, "Letters from a Bald-Headed Dad to His Red-Headed Daughter." Shortly after the adoption, his wife died following routine surgery. In 1922, Quillen married another woman from Fountain Inn, Marcelle Babb.

Despite years of ill health, Quillen continued to smoke and avoid doctors. He died at a nursing home in Asheville, North Carolina in 1948 and was buried in Fountain Inn. Not surprisingly, he had written and published his own obituary sixteen years earlier, which read in part, "He was a writer of paragraphs and short editorials. He always hoped to write something of permanent value, but the business of making a living took most of his time and he never got around to it. In his youth he felt an urge to reform the world, but during the latter years of his life he decided that he would be doing rather well if he kept himself out of jail."

title: Robert Quillen


text:
Perianth

The perianth (perigonium, perigon or perigone in monocots) is the non-reproductive part of the flower, and structure that forms an envelope surrounding the sexual organs, consisting of the calyx (sepals) and the corolla (petals) or tepals when called a perigone. The term perianth is derived from Greek περί (peri, "around") and άνθος (anthos, "flower"), while perigonium is derived from περί (peri) and γόνος (gonos, "seed, sex organs"). In the mosses and liverworts (Marchantiophyta), the perianth is the sterile tubelike tissue that surrounds the female reproductive structure (or developing sporophyte).

Flowering plants
In flowering plants, the perianth may be described as being either dichlamydeous/heterochlamydeous in which the calyx and corolla are clearly separate, or homochlamydeous, in which they are indistinguishable (and the sepals and petals are collectively referred to as tepals). When the perianth is in two whorls, it is described as biseriate. While the calyx may be green, known as sepaloid, it may also be brightly coloured, and is then described as petaloid. When the undifferentiated tepals resemble petals, they are also referred to as "petaloid", as in petaloid monocots or liliod monocots, orders of monocots with brightly coloured tepals. The corolla and petals have a role in attracting pollinators, but this may be augmented by more specialised structures like the corona (see below).

When the corolla consists of separate tepals the term apotepalous is used, or syntepalous if the tepals are fused to one another. The petals may be united to form a tubular corolla (gamopetalous or sympetalous). If either the petals or sepals are entirely absent, the perianth can be described as being monochlamydeous.

Both sepals and petals may have stomata and veins, even if vestigial. In some taxa, for instance some magnolias and water lilies, the perianth is arranged in a spiral on nodes, rather than whorls. Flowers with spiral perianths tend to also be those with undifferentiated perianths.

Corona
An additional structure in some plants (e.g. Narcissus, Passiflora (passion flower), some Hippeastrum, Liliaceae) is the corona (paraperigonium, paraperigon, or paracorolla), a ring or set of appendages of adaxial tissue arising from the corolla or the outer edge of the stamens. It is often positioned where the corolla lobes arise from the corolla tube. There can be more than one corona in a flower. The Milkweeds (Asclepias spp) have three very different coronas, which collectively form a flytrap pollination scheme. Some Passionflowers (Passiflora spp.) have as many as eight coronas arranged in concentric whorls.

The pappus of Asteraceae, considered to be a modified calyx, is also called a corona if it is shaped like a crown.

title: Perianth


text:
User talk:Ral315/Archive 1

Welcome
Welcome to Wikipedia. Sorry I couldn't expand the Aquinas College Grand Rapids article a little more ;) Euphoria 04:39, 22 Dec 2004 (UTC)

Jeopardy U-Toc
Hey -- That might be the best way to put it (released on the 28th, confirmed on the 29th). I also have rmfromfla's list of 5-timers and tournament champs -- which is likely a more accurate list than what is currently on the page, as a lot of those people who have won more than $50,000 only won 2 or 3 games to do that. --OntarioQuizzer 14:12, 31 Dec 2004 (UTC)

 * I put tonight's results onto the UToC page. Let me know what you think about linking to the Archive - I think it can definitely make the page an excellent source of information about the Tournament. --OntarioQuizzer 01:33, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I should be able to do Thursdays and Fridays for the U-ToC. If not, hey, it's Wikipedia -- anybody should be able to, right! --OntarioQuizzer 03:30, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC) PS: I nominated the Pat Healy substub for deletion. Even if I put in everything I knew about him (and I know a lot), it still wouldn't go much above stub status -- and that precludes the limited notablility that he has. Only hardcore Jeopardy! geeks even remember him.

 * Thanks. I couldn't believe the article when I saw a blue wikilink to it -- I mean, the UToC page had more information than the article did! --OntarioQuizzer 03:43, 17 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for reverting those edits by User:68.188.96.16 -- I've also nominated him in the Clueless Newbies section -- just so others can maybe steer him in the right direction. --OntarioQuizzer 20:28, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Crossing Jordan
I liked your changes to Crossing Jordan. I added a few internal links and corrected one occupation (Nigel), correctly I hope. I know of at least two other departed member of the ensemble cast, a black woman who was Macey' boss (killed off) and an earlier detective before Woody. Cannot recall more details. We'll need to keep an eye on this article, (and the show).  Vaoverland 02:48, Jan 25, 2005 (UTC)

Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
This is User:Roadrunner3000, I expanded the Law & Order: SVU thread you should see what it looks like, and hopefully you'll like it. Also I eliminated the "stub" template.

RoadRunner3000

paniq on VfD
There is an interesting discussion over on VfD for the bio-article for German demoscene musician and artist paniq. I was hoping you could enter a comment or vote after reading through and reviewing the article. -R

Wikiportal
Nice portal! I took the liberty of adding some links and removing the UK Wikipedias link. It looks like you copied code from the UK Poral. Please use the template as advised in Wikiportal if you create any more. It's much easier. Mgm|(talk) 11:41, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * You may want to make the introduction a little less long, so more of the initial page is visible. :) Mgm|(talk) 12:05, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * I wouldn't mind looking at the Politics Portal if I have the time. I'm glad you asked. Just make sure you finish the "Things you can do (edit)" section in Mathematics before you move on, so you don't leave an unfinished portal :) . Mgm|(talk) 12:08, Feb 10, 2005 (UTC)

COTW
Er - what were you trying to do to Template:CurrentCOTW? I have reverted - this is a banner for people interested in WP:COTW. You will need to create a new MathsCOTW template (for example, type "Template:MathsCOTW" in the search box and edit the redlink, or use this one Template:MathsCOTW). I have also moved  Mathematics Collaboration of the Week to Mathematics Collaboration of the Week - this should be in the Wikipedia namespace, not the article namespace. HTH!-- ALoan (Talk) 16:30, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * No problem - I see Template:MathCOTW is up and running - your British collaborators may want a redirect from Template:MathsCOTW, as above :)

 * There is no UKCOTW - UKCOTW is at WP:UKCOTW (which is a shortcut for UK Wikipedians' notice board/UKCOTW, in the Wikipedia namespace).

 * Hmm - perhaps I should have moved it to Mathematics collaboration of the week (small "c" and "w") - oh well, never mind. Good luck, and happy editing. -- ALoan (Talk) 16:57, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Project welcome, and nice portal
Hi, just thought I'd drop you a note to say welcome to the Cryptography WikiProject, and that the Maths Wikiportal looks quite funky — good work! — Matt Crypto 19:31, 10 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi! Your joining of the WikiProject in Cryptography was noted in this months project digest: WikiProject Cryptography/February 2005. — Matt Crypto 13:25, 28 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Wikiportal
Stop spamming us please. Go to Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Mathematics if you've got something to say. Oleg Alexandrov 04:14, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the heads-up you put on my talk page, I found it useful, and no more spamlike than many other things people have put on my talk page in good faith. I'm a bit dumbstruck by the above comment in fact. Maybe we should suggest he put some sort of warning on his user talk page, but unfortunately my experience has been that some Wikipedians not only ignore these but are quite unapologetic about it (see also the context of those discussions).

 * On the other hand, in my years of editing I've sent out several messages similar to yours to me, going to the trouble to personally identify those I thought would be interested, and I've only ever had thanks for them. Maybe I've been lucky, but I'd prefer to think you've just been unlucky. Food for thought certainly. Andrewa 12:52, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I wish Oleg had chosen to speak for himself, rather than for "us". I did not find your message objectionable, and I was glad you sent it.

 * Thanks for your invitation. I don't think I am really cut out for collaborations-of-the-week, because the time and opportunity I have for editing is irregular.  Also, strange as it may sound, I don't like collaborating with people.  But I do think your project is a good idea and i wish you the best of luck with it.  -- Dominus 15:07, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks a lot, guys. I knew in some cases it could border on spam, but I figured most of you would find it helpful, as you're fairly active in the math field.  ral315 15:43, Feb 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * It doesn't border on spam, it IS spam... which is particularly irritating to me seeing as how I have a notice posted RIGHT AT THE TOP of my talk page which says DO NOT SPAM MY TALK PAGE. Add that on the top of the fact that I don't find your message remotely relevant (I really don't think I've been active on math pages any more than peripherally) and I can certainly understand Oleg's position. --Dante Alighieri | Talk 18:36, Feb 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * Again, I didn't find it spam-like. If you did, I apologize.  ral315 18:48, Feb 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * It's borderline IMO, assuming that these messages were sent to people individually and personally identified as likely to be interested. Merely cross posting is not ipso facto spam. But their content was identical, and their timestamps suggest automation, which is a questionable practice in its own right, see bot.

 * So far as being peripherally involved in math pages goes, IMO those are the very people who were likely to be interested in the portal but not to notice an anouncement on the Wikiproject talk page (as was I, despite being listed as a project participant).

 * IMO the principle that has been violated here is assume good faith. The essence of spam is that the spammer doesn't care how many messages are sent to people who don't want them just so long as a few do get through. Quite clearly this was not the intention here. That's what makes this cross-posting IMO rather than spam.

 * I'd suggest you try to make your warning notice a bit more explicit as to what you consider spam, in order to avoid receiving any more well-intentioned messages that are offensive to you. An expanded text such as DO NOT SPAM MY TALK PAGE. Any message posted anywhere else in English Wikipedia should not be cross posted here might be appropriate, but you must write it yourself. I don't for example know whether you read the Meta regularly enough to include that too, but on the other hand you can't possibly watch all the talk pages, so anywhere else in English Wikipedia is probably too broad. In fact my guess is that you'll find it very difficult to write too, and if so you might then ask how you expect others to guess what you consider spam.

 * But if my guess is wrong here and you find a more helpful message easy to write, then I hope to see it added to your talk page. You now have ample evidence that some of us don't find the existing notice as clear as you intend. Andrewa 21:10, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * So, the person who started all this is back.

 * What do you mean? Unless you are trying to bait me, I see no sense at all in that comment.

 * Dear Andrewa, you have a very good point on many counts. I honestly admit that, in spite of the fact that some of your comments at my address were not very flattering.

 * Again, I have to ask what you mean. I'm sorry you find them unflattering, but I'm a loss as to what comments these were.

 * You make one mistake though. You assume that the Wikipedia users can be split into two categories. Normal people like you, who are always open minded and welcome to suggestions, and on the other side strange people like me and Dante Alighieri who hate to hear from others, and whose biggest trouble is how to write a repulsive enough message to avoid others from posting on our page. I think this is a wrong attitude.

 * I agree this is a deplorable attitude. But again, I'm at a loss to see why you think it's mine.

 * Ral315 did two big mistakes. First, s/he made an entirely new math project without bothering consulting the existing project. That is not the right way of doing things, unless you want a fork, or have a big enough ego.

 * Second, Ral315 gathered all the user names he could find of people who at some point or another contributed to a math article, and went "advertising" his/her new baby.

 * The right thing to do would have been going to Wikiproject Mathematics, say that you have a nice idea, look for other ideas, suggestions, cooperations, so that everybody is involved in creating the project, and not only in contributing to it later.

 * So, while Ral315's ideas were noble, and my comments were surely rude (I explained myself to him/her actually yesterday, on my talk page, before all you jumped in),

 * Yes, here.

 * the approach Ral315 was not the best, it is still open question if the "direct mailing" will work.

 * I think we have all learned things. I hope so. Whether mistakes are big doesn't concern me, mistakes are mistakes.

 * And please do not use your lack of attention to the Wikiproject Mathematics page as a justification for somebody else indiscriminately posting to people's pages. Oleg Alexandrov 23:33, 11 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * I gave myself as an example of one who had appreciated the post to my user page, and explained this in terms of my lack of attention to the Wikiproject Mathematics page as you put it, yes. I still think it is a valid point. Do you disagree?

 * Maybe it was borderline; I apologize to all who were offended by this. In regards to previous posts, no, it was not a bot.  I did it all manually, by opening multiple tabs in Mozilla Firefox.  This is why the timestamps are similar- I submitted multiple pages a few seconds apart.  And about the message being the same- I'm a college student, and while I would have loved to personalize each one, I just didn't have the time.  Perhaps I should have set aside the time to at least insert the recipient's name, but I didn't even think of that.

 * As far as creating a new Math project, I did this not out of my own foolish dreams of a great math project, or my ego, but because I found the Wikiportal project the other day. It really is a noble project, to try and link information about different subjects through one single portal (rather than having to search through multiple pages as is the case now).  I took the Mathematics project simply because someone had previously suggested a WikiPortal about Math, and I figured I'd take a challenge.  To be honest with you, I didn't even know about the Mathematics Wikiprojects prior to making the portal (not an excuse, just a simple statement).  The demand was there for a Math Wikiportal, and if I didn't write it, someone undoubtedly would have.

 * My problem, then, was cross-posting it to people's user pages. I apologize for this, if it offended you.  The only reason I did so is because of the way I have my watchlist set up.  Many days, there are NUMEROUS pages on my watchlist, and so I have to routinely remove some that I really would like to watch, but if I left them, I wouldn't be able to weed through all the other edits.  I did not consider the message spam; if you did, I again apologize.

 * Despite the problems that a few of you have with me, I do encourage you to participate in the project. Not because I want to make myself look good, or because I wanted to fork the current Wikiproject.  I want Wikipedia to succeed and be more user-friendly, as much as every single one of you do.  That's why I made the Wikiportal; that's why I cross-posted the message to your user pages, that's why I seem so fervent about getting this to succeed.  Because I want Wikipedia to succeed.  I apologize if I stepped on anyone's toes in the process.

 * Regards, ral315 00:05, Feb 12, 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, I certainly have no problems with you, and I'm sorry to be cluttering your talk page replying to problems others have with me, but I really didn't think some of the above was terribly fair or reasonable. Glad to hear it wasn't a bot.

 * We do have problems from time to time with people thinking they own pieces of Wikipedia, and being upset at others wanting to do things differently. Perhaps this is the real agenda here. You're being very fair and reasonable IMO, so hang in there, and welcome! Andrewa 03:34, 12 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Mathematics Wikiportal
Thanks for creating this and for pointing this out to me. I've been pretty busy, lately, but I'll try to contribute what I can. This seems like a COTW project that I could really get involved in. --L33tminion | (talk) 15:36, Feb 11, 2005 (UTC)

Problem with your million pool guess
Your guess on Million pool of March 15, 2006, is in conflict with an earlier guess by iMeowbot. Please change it or convince iMeowbot to change his. -- Cyrius|✎ 00:43, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Advice on some articles I stumbled upon
Hey, I found articles on Brian Weikle and Tom Walsh. Definitely notable in the Jeopardy pantheon, but notable enough for inclusion in Wikipedia? I'm thinking of nominating for VfD just to see what the community thinks - but I'm personally neutral on both articles. What do you think? --OntarioQuizzer 00:23, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Heads up: "If the page you are nominating already exists, please add to the top of its talk page." Dysprosia 04:59, 14 Feb 2005 (UTC)

New Mathematics Project Participants List
Hi Ra315

In case you didn't follow the discussion on Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Mathematics here: Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Mathematics, I'm writing to you to let you know that I've converted the "WikiProject Mathematics Participants List" into a table. It is now alphabetical, includes links to the participant's talk page and contribution list, and has a field for "Areas of Interest". Since your name is on the list, I thought you might want to check and/or update your entry.

Regards, Paul August ☎ 17:01, Mar 22, 2005 (UTC)

P.S. Nice work the Mathematics Wikiportal.

title: User talk:Ral315/Archive 1


text:
Talk:Papal inauguration

Papal Coronation
I do hope that his Holiness Benedict XVI will follow the pastoral example of his predecessor Popes John Paul I and John Paul II and live up to his description of himself as a simple and humble laborer in the vineyard of the Lord and not have himself crowned. Aloysius Patacsil 19:36, Apr 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * I am a non-Christian but an admirer of tradition,hierarchy,and monarchy;I regret that he has been effectively prevented from having himself Crowned but hope he will reopen this possibility for his successors.--Louis E./12.144.5.2 18:26, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

This page was wrongly named. It is not a Papal installation - it could not be. A pope is installed the moment he accepts the papal throne. It is actually a papal inauguration and marks the symbolic inauguration of his papacy. Some inaugurations (eg, in the US and Ireland) may be installations, but many aren't. But an installation by definition involves the official entry into office of an office-holder. That is not the case with popes. Their inauguration, like the coronation, is symbolic.

Personally, I am sorry that the use of the papal tiara has not been reinstated. I found the last two inaugurations mindnumbingly dull and so 1970s tacky. The loss of ritual and ceremonial has been one of the biggest mistakes in Roman Catholicism, and is one of the main reasons why churches are emptying, as the modern Mass usually has all the beauty of a shopping list. I am not saying go back to the old ceremonies, but surely there is something better than 1970s tat. Fear ÉIREANN 21:53, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Articles I've been reading indicate that the ceremony has been modified significantly this time around,we'll see how you like this one.(There has not,at any rate,been any addition of an oath to exterminate Irish homosexual historians).Twelve representatives of the whole church are chosen to pay homage,rather than all the Cardinals,for instance.--Louis E./le@put.com/le@put.com
 * Aha,just checked your edits,you apparently read the same article I did.--L.E./12.144.5.2 02:51, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Close to being nominated for a "good article"
I see this article as having real good potential to be being nominated as a "Good Article". It does have a slight POV tint that a little rewording could make more neutral and I would certainly recommend doing more with the history section. But again, it's a nice article and the editors' should be proud.205.157.110.11 20:24, 11 July 2006 (UTC)

Excess detail overlapping Papal tiara
I'd think the details on who and when weared the papal tiara would belong in its own page, especially since the mention bloats the head of the article, and there is already a separate article detailing what the whole tiara affair is about. Instead, I'd substitute a skeletal description of the ceremony in the introduction. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Decoy (talk • contribs) 20:52, 3 March 2009 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: moved to Papal inauguration. Favonian (talk) 13:30, 11 February 2012 (UTC)

Papal Inauguration → Papal inauguration – MOS:CAPS. Not a proper noun. Esoglou (talk) 09:31, 4 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Support per MOS:CAPS. Dicklyon (talk) 22:56, 5 February 2012 (UTC)
 * Support. BBC says, "papal inauguration". Kauffner (talk) 13:08, 6 February 2012 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

usually on a Sunday?
We just had the installation of Pope Francis today (a Tuesday), and I have recalled reading that the installation of Pope John XXIII (as it stands now, the next-to-most recent one to have a coronation) was also on a Tuesday (Nov. 4, 1958). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.63.16.20 (talk) 16:55, 19 March 2013 (UTC)

Papal Oath conspiracy theory
Why are we even including this? It is clearly a fringe issue, and more importantly, uncited. I'm requesting consensus for removing the entire paragraph. Uberhill 23:59, 19 March 2013 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Papal inauguration
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Papal inauguration's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "cnn": From Papal inauguration of Pope Francis: Laura Smith-Spark et al: Thousands pack St. Peter's Square for Pope Francis' inauguration CNN, 19 March 2013 From Pope John Paul II:

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 07:42, 2 November 2013 (UTC)
 * Solved, I believe (taking from the article Papal inauguration of Pope Francis. Esoglou (talk) 07:55, 2 November 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Papal inauguration


text:
Nutlet (disambiguation)

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Nutlet may also refer to:
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title: Nutlet (disambiguation)


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Predicative

Predicative may refer to:
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title: Predicative