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Arbaaz Khan

Arbaaz Salim Abdul Rashid Khan (born 4 August 1967) is an Indian actor and film producer who primarily works in Hindi cinema, in addition to Telugu, Urdu and Malayalam cinema.

Since his debut in 1996, he has acted in many leading and supporting roles. He ventured into film production in the Bollywood film industry with Arbaaz Khan Productions, launching Dabangg in 2010, in which he starred as the younger brother of his real-life brother Salman Khan. The film went on to become one of the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time. He won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment for the film. He also hosted the reality show Power Couple, which aired on Sony TV. In 2019, Khan made his digital debut with the crime-thriller web series Poison.

Early life and family
Khan was born as the second son into a family with strong ties to the Bollywood film industry; his father is Salim Khan, a successful screenwriter, and his mother is Sushila Charak (now known as Salma Khan), while his stepmother is dancer and Bollywood actress Helen Khan. He is the brother of Bollywood actor Salman Khan—with whom he attended the Scindia School, Gwalior—and actor-producer Sohail Khan. He has one sister, Alvira Khan (now known as Alvira Khan Agnihotri), and an adopted sister, Arpita Khan. His brother-in-laws are actors Atul Agnihotri and Aayush Sharma.

Career
Khan made his debut in the 1996 film Daraar in a villainous role as a psychotic wife-beater. He received the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Negative Role for his performance. He has starred in many multi-starrer hit films such as Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya (1998), for which he received a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor nomination, and Garv: Pride and Honour (2004), where he acted opposite his brother Salman.

He played a villainous role in the 2003 film Qayamat: City Under Threat, which was successful at the box office. He also played supporting roles in director Priyadarshan's comedy films Hulchul (2004), Malamaal Weekly (2006) and Bhagam Bhag (2006). He played supporting roles as a police officer (Constable Javed Shaikh) and a mobster (Moscow Chikna) in the 2007 multi-starrers Shootout at Lokhandwala and Fool and Final respectively. He also made a cameo, alongside his brother Sohail Khan, in the blockbuster Jaane Tu... Ya Jaane Na, starring Imran Khan and Genelia D'Souza. In 2009, he starred alongside Sohail in Kisaan and played a villain in Jai Veeru. Khan also appeared in the television serial Karishma - The Miracles of Destiny in 2003, and has appeared in many TV programs from time to time.

He played the main villain in the Telugu film Jai Chiranjeeva starring Chiranjeevi. The movie was extensively shot in Los Angeles, California and Las Vegas, Nevada.

In 2010, Khan ventured into film production with Arbaaz Khan Productions. His first film as a producer was Dabangg, which was released in September 2010. The film starred his brother Salman in the leading role as the anti-hero Chulbul Pandey, alongside Arbaaz as his younger brother Makhi. His former wife Malaika Arora Khan was featured in the popular item number "Munni Badnaam". The film became a blockbuster within the first week of its release and broke several box office records, becoming the second highest grossing Bollywood film of all time at the time of its release. On 12 March 2011, while Khan was a special guest of Australia's Indian film festival, Bollywood & Beyond, he helped his former wife Malaika Arora lead a successful world record attempt in Melbourne. 1235 participants successfully performed a choreographed dance to "Munni Badnaam" from the Dabangg soundtrack.

Khan made his directorial debut with the 2012 released sequel Dabangg 2.

Khan made his Malayalam debut in Big Brother starring Mohanlal.

Personal life
Khan married model and actress Malaika Arora in 1998. They have a son, Arhaan Khan, born in 2002. The couple announced their separation on 28 March 2016 and officially divorced on 11 May 2017.

Khan married make-up artist Shura Khan on 24 December 2023.

Accident
On 1 July 2012, a 70-year-old woman was killed by a Land Cruiser owned by Khan, and the woman's family demanded compensation from the actor. However, the Khan family refused to pay compensation to the family, as the old woman had been disowned by her family.

Betting
In 2018, Arbaaz Khan confessed to having placed bets on Indian Premier League matches (IPL) in the previous five years. According to a police official, the Bollywood actor admitted that he had been betting on cricket matches for the past five to six years. Thane Police sources also informed that Arbaaz and the accused bookie—Sonu Jalan, a.k.a. Sonu Malad—were brought face-to-face during the interrogation. It was then that Arbaaz confessed about his betting involvement.

Sabotaging
Arbaaz Khan, his father Salim Khan, and his brothers Sohail and Salman have been accused by director Abhinav Kashyap of sabotaging his film Besharam and his career. Abhinav directed the Khans' blockbuster film Dabangg. Arbaaz Khan replied by saying that they are taking legal action against the director.

title: Arbaaz Khan


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Tram (disambiguation)

A tram, tramcar, or streetcar, is a vehicle used on a rail-based public transport system which runs primarily on streets; also used in mining.

Tram (or trams) may also mean:

Transport

 * TRAM (company), a Spanish transportation company
 * Aerial tramway
 * Light rail, a vehicle running on streets
 * Trackless train, sometimes called parking lot trams or just "trams"
 * Tramcar (Wildwood), Boardwalk, Wildwood, New Jersey, US
 * Transit Museum Society (TRAMS), Vancouver, Canada

Acronym

 * TRAM (genetic), genetic systems with Turnover, Redundancy And Modularity
 * TRAM flap, Transverse Rectus Abdominis Myocutaneous flap, in surgical breast reconstruction
 * Texture memory, in computer storage
 * Target Recognition and Attack Multi-Sensor system, on U.S. Navy A-6E Intruder aircraft
 * Teatr RAbochey Molodyozhi, the Russian acronym for Leningrad Workers' Youth Theatre
 * TRAnsputer Module, see

Other uses

 * Tram (band)
 * Tram (film), a short animation
 * Tram, Kentucky
 * Tram-34 a blocker of calcium-activate potassium channels
 * "The Tram", an episode of the Italian TV series Door into Darkness
 * Caesura, a musical symbol known as "tram-lines" in the UK

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Tram (disambiguation)


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Clayton Hee

Clayton H. W. Hee is a former Democratic Party member of the Hawaii Senate who represented the 23rd District from 2004 to 2014 and 1984 to 1988. Hee served as chairman of the state senate's Judiciary and Labor Committee.

Personal life and education
Hee is half Chinese and half Native Hawaiian. He can speak Hawaiian fluently. Hee is married to Lynne Waters and has a brother, Albert Hee. After graduating from Kamehameha Schools and the University of Hawaiʻi, Hee taught at community colleges and high schools from 1975 to 1981.

Political career
Hee served as state representative from 1982 to 1984 for the district encompassing Molokai, Lanai, and West Maui. From 1984 until 1988, Hee served as the state senator for the district encompassing Kailua to Kaneohe. He was also the chairman of the Judiciary Committee. In 1990, Hee began serving on the board of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs. In 2002, he stepped down from the board to run for lieutenant governor of Hawaii, losing in the Democratic primary to Matt Matsunaga. Hee ran successfully for the Hawaii state senate in 2004. Hee was an unsuccessful candidate for the United States House of Representatives in Hawaii's 2nd congressional district in 2006, finishing 4th in the Democratic primary behind Mazie Hirono, Colleen Hanabusa, and Matt Matsunaga.

In 2018, Hee campaigned for Governor of Hawaii but later withdrew his candidacy. In 2019, Hawaii governor David Ige appointed Hee to the Hawaii Paroling Authority.

In 2024, Hee announced he is running for the state senate once again, with the support of former governors Neil Abercrombie, Ben Cayetano, and John D. Waiheʻe III.

title: Clayton Hee


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Mishaal bint Fahd Al Saud

HRH Princess Mishaal bint Fahd Al Saud (1958 – 15 July 1977; الأميرة مشاعل بنت فهد بن محمد بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود) was a member of the House of Saud who was executed by shooting for committing adultery in 1977, at the age of 19. She was a daughter of Prince Fahd bin Muhammad and a granddaughter of Prince Muhammad bin Abdulaziz, a son of King Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia and the older and only full brother of King Khalid.

Background
Princess Mishaal's family sent her, at her own request, to Beirut, Lebanon, to attend school. While there, she fell in love with a man, Khaled al Sha'er Muhalhal, the nephew of Ali Hassan al Shaer, the Saudi ambassador in Lebanon, and they began an affair. Upon their return to Saudi Arabia, it emerged that they had conspired to meet alone on several occasions and a charge of adultery was brought against them. She attempted to fake her own drowning and was caught trying to escape from Saudi Arabia with Khaled. Although the Princess was disguised as a man, she was recognized by a passport examiner at Jeddah airport. She was subsequently returned to her family. Under the Sharia law current in Saudi Arabia, a person can be convicted of adultery only by the testimony of four adult male witnesses to the act of sexual penetration, or by their own admission of guilt, stating four times in court "I have committed adultery." Her family urged her not to confess but instead merely to promise never to see her lover again. On her return to the courtroom, she repeated her confession: "I have committed adultery. I have committed adultery. I have committed adultery. I have committed adultery."

Execution
On 15 July 1977, both Mishaal and Khaled were publicly executed in Jeddah by the side of the Queen's Building in the park. She was blindfolded, made to kneel, and executed on the explicit instructions of her grandfather, a senior member of the royal family, for the dishonor that she had brought on her clan. Khaled, after being forced to watch her execution, was beheaded with a sword by, it is believed, one of the princess' male relatives rather than by a professional executioner. Severing his head took five blows. Both executions were conducted near the palace in Jeddah, not in Deera Square.

Death of a Princess documentary
Independent film producer Antony Thomas came to Saudi Arabia and interviewed numerous people about the princess' story. He was met by conflicting stories, which later became the subject matter of a British documentary, Death of a Princess. The film was scheduled to show on 9 April 1980 on the ITV television network and then a month later on the public television network PBS in the United States. Both broadcasts were met with livid protests followed by strong diplomatic, economic and political pressure from the Saudis to cancel these broadcasts. After having failed to get the British broadcast cancelled, King Khalid expelled the British ambassador from Saudi Arabia.

In May 1980, attention then shifted to PBS where their officials endured a month of mounting pressure from corporations and politicians. A major PBS sponsor, the Mobil Oil Corporation, took out a full-page ad in The New York Times op-ed page opposing the film and declaring it jeopardized U.S.-Saudi relations. After some stalling, it was eventually broadcast by the PBS program World in most of the US on 12 May 1980, although some PBS stations did not do so. For example, in South Carolina, the PBS affiliate cancelled broadcast of the film, a decision influenced by fact that the then US Ambassador to Saudi Arabia, John C. West, had formerly been the state's governor. In 2005, PBS aired Death Of A Princess on Frontline, the successor to World, to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the original broadcast.

King Khalid was said to have offered $11 million to the network to suppress the film.

According to director Antony Thomas, there was no trial or official execution:

"It wasn't a trial. She wasn't even executed in the Square of Justice. She was just executed in a car park. I've witnessed executions in Saudi Arabia, I'm afraid. They're always done in a special square. This wasn't even done there. It wasn't done with an official executioner, not that that would make it any worse or any better. But this was not following the process of any law."

David Fanning, co-writer and executive producer of Death of a Princess, added:

"The difference between the official version, which was the girl was killed because she was found guilty of adultery, and the truth of it, which turns out that she was, in fact, executed by the king's elder brother in an act of tribal vengeance in a parking lot in Jeddah, was, in fact, the heart of the controversy because that was the part that, of course, the royal family could not countenance. And that was the great outrage."

title: Mishaal bint Fahd Al Saud


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Talk:Digable Planets

Untitled
"It was also critically acclaimed, but the novelty of the group's jazz/hip-hop fusion had passed, leading to disappointing sales and its militant praising of the Nation of Gods and Earths, of which all three are members."

That part needs a lookin-at. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 206.8.10.4 (talk • contribs) 00:15, 15 February 2007

All members were equally important, so the picture should be changed to include Ladybug as well. Try this one: http://robotsndisguise.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/digable-planets-1.jpg I can't upload images, sadly... -- ninestraycats — Preceding unsigned comment added by Ninestraycats (talk • contribs) 13:54, 13 November 2011 (UTC)

I just added a link to Beyond the Spectrum: the Creamy Spy Chronicles
I just added a link to Beyond the Spectrum: the Creamy Spy Chronicles. --Jax 0677 (talk) 17:34, 1 June 2013 (UTC)

Split "Where I'm From" into its own article
There is a discussion at Talk:Reachin' (A New Refutation of Time and Space) about whether or not to split "Where I'm From" into it's own article. --Jax 0677 (talk) 17:51, 4 June 2013 (UTC)

Vinyl Record release
You guys need to rerelease your stuff on vinyl! It’s so hard to get and I’d love a copy of both albums! 24.35.164.93 (talk) 11:18, 11 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Digable Planets


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User talk:Ekarderif

Welcome to the Wikipedia
I noticed you were new, and wanted to share some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library

For more information click  here . You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Sam Spade 17:38, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Calling programmers
We need coders for the WikiProject Disambigation fixer. We need to make a program to make faster and easier the fixing of links. We will be happy if you could check the project. You can Help! --Neo139 08:57, 5 August 2006 (UTC)

Featured article candidate review: Buffy article
Hi

Just letting WikiProject Buffyverse members know that the article 'Buffy the Vampire Slayer' has recently been nominated as a candidate to become a featured article. Should it become a featured article, it will be possible for the article to appear on the Wikipedia main page on March 10th 2007, the 10th anniversary of Buffy (the premiere, "Welcome to the Hellmouth" aired March 10th 1997).

Any feedback you can offer to improve the article and/or to either object or support the nomination would be wonderful:

Featured article candidates/Buffy the Vampire Slayer

-- Paxomen 17:31, 21 September 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ekarderif


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Syntagma Square

Syntagma Square (Πλατεία Συντάγματος,, "Constitution Square") is the central square of Athens, Greece. The square is named after the Constitution that Otto, the first King of Greece, was obliged to grant after a popular and military uprising on 3 September 1843. It is located in front of the 19th-century Old Royal Palace, housing the Greek Parliament since 1934. Syntagma Square is the most important square of modern Athens from both a historical and social point of view, at the heart of commercial activity and Greek politics. The name Syntagma (Σύνταγμα) alone also refers to the neighbourhood surrounding the square. The metro station underneath the square, where lines 2 and 3 connect, along with the tram terminal and the numerous bus stops, constitutes one of the busiest transport hubs in the country.

Description
The square is bordered by Amalia Avenue (Leofóros Amalías) to the east, Otto Street (Óthonos) to the south and King George I Street (Vasiléos Georgíou Prótou) to the north. The street bordering the square to the west, connecting Stadiou Street with Fillelinon Street, is simply named "Syntagma Square" (Plateia Syntágmatos). The eastern side of the square is higher than the western, and dominated by a set of marble steps leading to Amalias Avenue; beneath these lies the Syntagma metro station. The stairs emerge below between a pair of outdoor cafes, and are a popular city-centre gathering place. Syntagma also includes two green areas to the north and south, planted with shade trees, while in the centre of the square there is a large mid-19th century water fountain.

The Old Royal Palace neoclassical building, housing the Greek Parliament since 1934, is immediately across Amalias Avenue to the east, and surrounded by the extensive National Gardens, which are open to the public; the Parliament itself is not open to the public, even when not in session. Every hour, the changing of the guard ceremony, performed by the Presidential Guard, is conducted in front of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier on the area between the Syntagma Square and Parliament building. On certain days, a ceremonial changing of the guard occurs with an army band and the majority of the 120 Evzones present at 11 am.

History
The square was designed and constructed in the early 19th century, shortly after King Otto moved the capital of the newly born Greek Kingdom from Nafplio to Athens in 1834. It was designed as one of the two central squares of modern Athens, situated to what were then the eastern boundaries of the city. The second square was Omonoia Square, to the north of the city. Even though King Otto's Royal Palace was at first planned to be erected on Omonia Square, a location overlooking the eastern square was deemed a better option. Thus, the square's first name was "Palace Square". Work for the construction of the Old Palace to the north of the square, started in 1836 and lasted until 1843. In late July 1843, a popular and military uprising took place in the Greek Capital on September 3, 1843. Soldiers under Dimitrios Kallergis gathered in front of the palace and demanded the granting of constitution. King Otto was then obliged to grant the first Constitution of Greece. In memory of the event, the palace square was renamed to Constitution Square or Syntagma Square in Greek.

In the summer of 1900, in the Square, films were projected outdoors, in the cafés.

Between 2010 and 2012, the square was the site of mass protests by crowds of many thousands of people, due to the worsening economic situation during the Greek government debt crisis.

Transport
Syntagma Square is a hub for many forms of public transportation in Athens and is one of the busiest transport hubs in Greece. Metro lines 2 and 3 of the Athens Metro have a stop at the Syntagma station, which is to be found under the square; the Athens Tram also has its northern terminal next to the square. Buses and trolleybuses start, terminate and connect the square to many places in the metropolitan area. Travel between Syntagma Square and the Eleftherios Venizelos Airport is available via the special airport bus line X95 and metro line 3. Free high-speed wireless Internet access (4 Mbit/s) is offered by the Municipality of Athens at the square. The square is also a hub for buses to the northern suburbs and the Athens Olympic Complex in Maroussi.

Attractions near the square
The square is located near many of Athens' oldest and most famous neighbourhoods and tourist attractions, all within walking distance:
 * Plaka (Πλάκα),
 * Monastiraki (Μοναστηράκι),
 * Psiri (Ψυρρή)
 * Kolonaki (Κολωνάκι)
 * Acropolis (Ακρόπολις),
 * Theater of Dionysus,
 * Areopagus, the Ancient Agora of Athens (Αρχαία Αγορά των Αθηνών)
 * Hadrian's Library,

 * Tower of the Winds in the Roman Agora,
 * Choragic Monument of Lysicrates,
 * Arch of Hadrian (Αψίς του Ανδριανού),
 * Temple of Olympian Zeus (Ναός του Ολυμπίου Διός),
 * Pnyx (Πνύκα),
 * Philopappos Monument (Μνημείο του Φιλοπάππου) on the Hill of the Nymphs,
 * Kerameikos Cemetery (Νεκροταφείο Κεραμικού),
 * Tomb of the Unknown Soldier (Μνημείο του Αγνώστου Στρατιώτη)
 * Syntagma Square
 * Mount Lycabettus

Historic churches also dot the area, some dating from the Middle Ages.

In popular culture
In the film Jason Bourne (2016), Syntagma Square is represented by the Plaza de España of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain).

title: Syntagma Square


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Bad Boys Inc

Bad Boys Inc were a British boy band, formed in 1993 by the record producer Ian Levine. Signed to A&M Records, the members were David W. Ross (born 15 March 1974 in Bournemouth), Matthew James Pateman (born 14 May 1971 in Sidcup, Kent), Tony Dowding (born 6 September 1972 in Welwyn Garden City) and Ally Begg (born 21 August 1972 in Bury St Edmunds).

Career
As for many manufactured boy bands in the 1990s, Bad Boys Inc's career was short-lived, but the group initially had some success following their first UK hit single, "Don't Talk About Love", and enjoyed minor international success with tours and promotion in Europe and Japan. After their top 20 album Bad Boys Inc, and three top 20 singles including the top 10 hit "More to This World", the group went on to win international acclaim by being awarded Best International Newcomer in both Denmark and Finland in 1994. They were also the first group to appear on the UK National Lottery television programme before announcing their split on 1 March 1995. In 2016, Pateman competed in Eurovision: You Decide under the name Matthew James, but his song "A Better Man"  lost out to Joe and Jake's winning entry "You're Not Alone". In 2023, Pateman joined 1990s group Let Loose as a replacement for their singer Richie Wermerling.

title: Bad Boys Inc


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User talk:Chance0

Because of their dates/content/length, the previous discussions on this page have been archived.

Previous discussions:

 * Archive 1 (Jan to May):
 * Archive 2 (next to start):

Image:Cerveris.jpg
Responded Chance0 17:54, 13 May 2005 (UTC)

Getting Psychotherapy into This Week's Improvement Drive
Hi there! I noticed that at one time or another you helped contribute to the article on Psychotherapy. As it stands this article could use a lot of help, and thus I've taken the liberty of trying to get it to be the focus of a week's improvement drive. All we need to get it for a week's worth of focus and improvement is enough votes, so go to Psychotherapy's vote page and help out this very needing article! JoeSmack (talk) 18:16, July 25, 2005 (UTC)

File permission problem with File:Avlona.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Avlona.jpg. I noticed that while you provided a valid copyright licensing tag, there is no proof that the creator of the file has agreed to release it under the given license.

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If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have provided evidence that their copyright owners have agreed to license their works under the tags you supplied, too. Here is a list of your uploads. Files lacking evidence of permission may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described in section F11 of the criteria for speedy deletion. You may wish to read Wikipedia's image use policy. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Logan Talk Contributions 01:30, 25 February 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Chance0


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Joe Perry (American football)

Fletcher Joseph Perry (January 22, 1927 – April 25, 2011) was an American football fullback who played in the All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and National Football League (NFL). He played for the San Francisco 49ers from 1948 to 1960, the Baltimore Colts from 1961 to 1962, and returned to the 49ers in 1963 for his final year in football. He was exceptionally fast, a trait uncommon for a fullback and one which earned him the nickname, "the Jet". The first African-American to be named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP), he became one of American football's first black stars.

After playing a season of college football for the Compton Junior College, Perry joined the U.S. Navy. While playing football in the military, he was spotted by the 49ers, who signed him into the AAFC. He spent the next 13 seasons playing for San Francisco, where he was featured in the "Million Dollar Backfield", made three straight Pro Bowl appearances, and in 1954 was named the NFL MVP. He was the first player in the NFL to rush for 1,000 yards in consecutive seasons, doing so in 1953 and 1954. Perry retired in 1963 as the league's all-time leader in rushing yards, and in 1969 he was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. His jersey number 34 was retired by the 49ers in 1971.

Early life
Fletcher Joseph Perry was born in Stephens, Arkansas, and grew up in Los Angeles, California, after his family moved there during the Great Depression. He was a four-sport star at David Starr Jordan High School in Los Angeles. Perry grew up admiring several African-American athletes at the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA), including Jackie Robinson, who played football and baseball and ran track for the university.

College career
After being rejected by UCLA, Perry played football at Compton Junior College in 1944, and scored 22 touchdowns that season.

Navy
He was then recruited by UCLA, but declined, and enlisted in the Navy during World War II. He played football in the military for Naval Air Station Alameda. In an East vs. West college all-star game in January 1948, Perry scored on a four-yard run in the first quarter for the West, which also featured Bobby Layne of Texas and Jake Leicht of Oregon.

Professional career
Standing 6 ft tall and weighing 200 lb, Perry was small for a typical fullback, even during his era. Also unlike typical fullbacks, Perry's forte was not to run with power, as he was a straight-ahead runner who combined power and speed with deceptive elusiveness. His role was primarily as a ball carrier rather than a blocker, and he had a knack for finding holes in opposing defensive lines. "If you saw a hole, you take it," Perry described his running style to The Sacramento Bee. "If you didn't, you kept moving until you did. You run with instinct." Perry was known for his speed, which earned him the nickname "the Jet". He ran the 100-yard dash in 9.5 seconds in 1947, two-tenths of a second slower than Mel Patton's then-world record of 9.3 seconds.

1948–1952: AAFC and first Pro Bowl
While playing for Alameda, Perry was scouted by the NFL's Los Angeles Rams, who offered him a $9,500 salary. He turned down the offer and instead signed with the San Francisco 49ers of the AAFC for $4,500. His decision was based on his trust in 49ers owner Tony Morabito, who Perry described as like a father. He was the team's first African-American player.

It was during his first practices with the 49ers that he earned his nickname, when quarterback Frankie Albert exclaimed, "You're like a jet, Joe," after Perry had shot out of his stance so quickly that Albert could not hand him the ball in time. Albert's successor at quarterback, Y. A. Tittle, echoed his sentiments. "He was the fastest player off the ball in the history of the world," Tittle told the San Francisco Chronicle. "You'd take the ball from center and turn, and he was already gone through the hole." Tittle became one of Perry's closest friends.

Black players were a novelty in pro football when Perry entered the league, and he was faced with racial abuse and discrimination on and off the field. "I can't remember a season when I didn't hear a racial slur," he said. "Someone would say, 'Nigger, don't come through here again', and I'd say, 'I'm coming through again, and you better bring your family.'"

When he was invited to play in the 1949 AAFC All-Star game in Houston, he and other black players on the all-star team were not allowed to stay in the same hotel as white players. There was initial uncertainty over whether or not black players would be allowed to participate in the game at all. Perry's 49ers teammates, however, were more accepting of him, and provided him strong support from the outset.

With the 49ers in the AAFC, Perry led the league in rushing touchdowns in both 1948 in 1949, and also in rushing yards in 1949. He had the first and only kick return touchdown of his career in 1948 when he returned a kickoff 87 yards against the Brooklyn Dodgers. Following the season, Perry was invited to play in the 1949 AAFC All-Star game against the league champion Cleveland Browns. The AAFC folded soon after and the 49ers were absorbed into the NFL in 1950.

Perry finished fifth among league rushing leaders in both 1950 and 1951. The 49ers acquired halfback Hugh McElhenny in the 1952 Draft, who joined Perry in the backfield to form a prolific rushing duo. He and McElhenny finished third and fourth in the league respectively in rushing yards that season. Following the season, Perry was invited to play in his first Pro Bowl.

1953 and 1954: Back-to-back 1,000-yard seasons
Perry became the first player to eclipse 1,000 rushing yards in consecutive seasons, when he did so in 1953 and 1954. His 1,018 yards rushing in 1953 and 1,049 in 1954 were the third and second highest totals for a single season in the NFL, respectively, behind only Steve Van Buren's 1,146 yards in 1949. He led the league in carries, rushing yards, rushing yards per game, and yards from scrimmage in both seasons. His ten rushing touchdowns and 13 total touchdowns in 1953 were both the most in the NFL that year. Perry, McElhenny, and Tittle comprised the offensive backfield of that year's Pro Bowl. The Associated Press (AP), United Press (UP), and New York Daily News each named Perry their first-team All-Pro fullback. Morabito awarded Perry an extra five dollars for every yard he gained in 1953, for a total bonus of $5,090.

With the 49ers' acquisition of halfback John Henry Johnson in 1954, Perry now had a reliable blocker to run behind. The backfield of Perry, Johnson, Tittle, and McElhenny—which became known as the "Million Dollar Backfield"—shattered the 49ers team record for rushing yards in a season. Despite having to split more carries between him and his teammates, Perry again led the NFL in rushing yards. He gained almost 400 yards more than his nearest competitor, his backfield mate Johnson. A. S. "Doc" Young, writing for Jet magazine, called Perry "the bellwether of the greatest rushing backfield in pro football." The United Press named Perry its Pro Player of the Year, the first black player so honored. He was a first-team All-Pro for the AP, UP, New York Daily News, and The Sporting News, and played in his third straight Pro Bowl.

1955–1960: All-time rushing leader
Prior to a game against the Cleveland Browns at Kezar Stadium in 1955, the 49ers staged "Joe Perry Day", in which fans honored Perry with gifts including a new car. "I was a favorite son," he said of the occasion. "I just thought Joe Perry Day was one of the great honors in my life." He had 20 carries in that game for 116 yards, out-gaining the entire Browns backfield and prompting Cleveland coach Paul Brown to remark, "This was Joe Perry's day in more ways than one." Perry accounted for 701 rushing yards and two touchdowns in 1955, leading the 49ers in rushing for the seventh straight season. His streak was snapped by McElhenny in 1956.

The closest Perry came to winning a championship with the 49ers was in 1957, as San Francisco finished with an 8–4 record but lost the Western Conference tiebreaker game to the Detroit Lions. He led the 49ers in rushing for the final time in 1958, with 758 yards. That season, he surpassed Steve Van Buren for first place on the NFL's all-time rushing yards list. He was named a first-team All-Pro by The Sporting News. The following year, he shared carries with fullback J.D. Smith. Perry carried only 36 times for 95 yards in 1960 as Smith took over the starting role. After the season, Perry was traded to the Baltimore Colts.

Baltimore Colts, return to San Francisco, and retirement
Colts head coach Weeb Ewbank cited injuries to fullback Alan Ameche as the key reason for the team's inability to win a third straight NFL championship. Ewbank hoped Perry could fill in the role if Ameche was not ready when the season began. Ameche retired prior to the season, and Perry filled in to lead the Colts in rushing in 1961, while catching a career-high 34 passes for 322 yards. "Joe was the kind of guy you'd love to play your whole career with," said Colts quarterback Johnny Unitas. "He was older when we got him, but he did well for us. He was amazing on the screen pass, like McElhenny. And Joe clawed and scratched for every yard." A thigh ligament injury caused him to miss several games in 1962 which, along with an injury to halfback Lenny Moore, severely hampered the Colts' running game. He was traded back to San Francisco in 1963, where he played a diminished role in his final nine games before retiring at age 36.

Other ventures and later life
In addition to his football career, Perry also hosted a popular sports and music radio program, "Both Sides Of The Record", sponsored by Burgermeister Beer ("Burgie"), on R&B-formatted KWBR (1310 AM; later known as KDIA) beginning in 1954. The program was arranged by Franklin Mieuli, a sports entrepreneur who worked in marketing for Burgie, in addition to being a part-owner of the 49ers and producer of the team's radio and television broadcasts. After retiring from football, Perry competed in the Professional Bowlers Association Tour and carried an average of over 200. He also served as a scout and assistant for the 49ers, and later was a sales representative for E & J Gallo Winery.

Death and legacy
The 49ers announced that Perry died on Monday April 25, 2011 in Arizona of complications from dementia at the age of 84.

On June 9, 2011, it was announced that Perry and his fellow Million Dollar Backfield teammate, John Henry Johnson, who died on June 3, 2011, would have their brains examined by researchers at Boston University who are studying head injuries in sports. Both men were suspected of having chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a disorder linked to repeated brain trauma. Perry's widow, Donna, told the San Francisco Chronicle that she believes her husband had CTE. She further told the newspaper that "When Joe was playing, they'd give them smelling salts and put them back in. "Now the equipment is better, and they're looking into ways to protect them. We have to look at what this is doing to our children."

Autopsies of Perry and Johnson found that both had CTE. They are two of at least 345 NFL players to be diagnosed after death with this disease, which is caused by repeated hits to the head.

Perry's durability allowed him to play in three decades, from the 1940s to the 1960s, for 16 seasons. He was the NFL's career rushing leader from 1958 to 1963, ultimately compiling 8,378 yards; his record was broken by Jim Brown on October 20, 1963. His 7,344 rushing yards for the 49ers stood as the franchise record for nearly 60 years before it was broken in 2011 by Frank Gore. As of 2020, Perry's 68 rushing touchdowns with the team remains a franchise record.

He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1969, his first year of eligibility. Also in that year's class was longtime teammate, tackle Leo Nomellini. The 49ers' Million Dollar Backfield is the only full-house backfield to have all four of its members enshrined in the Hall. Perry's jersey number 34 was retired by the 49ers in 1971, and he was a charter member of the San Francisco 49ers Hall of Fame in 2009. Following his death in 2011, the team honored Perry that season by wearing helmet decals with his number 34 on them.

title: Joe Perry (American football)


text:
Arshad Warsi

Arshad Hussain Warsi (born 19 April 1968) is an Indian actor who appears in Hindi films. He is the recipient of several awards including a Filmfare Award from five nominations and is noted for acting in varied film genres.

Before making his acting debut, also served as an assistant director to Mahesh Bhatt and ayam bhardwaj films in Kaash (1987) and also choreographed a song in Roop Ki Rani Choron Ka Raja (1993). Warsi made his acting debut in 1996 with Tere Mere Sapne, which was a box office success. His portrayal of Circuit in the comedy film Munna Bhai M.B.B.S. (2003), and its sequel Lage Raho Munna Bhai (2006) for which he won the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role marked a turning point in his career. He featured in several commercially successful comedy films, including Hogi Pyaar Ki Jeet (1999), Hulchul (2004), Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya? (2005), Salaam Namaste (2005), Golmaal: Fun Unlimited (2006), Dhamaal (2007), Krazzy 4 (2008), Golmaal Returns (2008), Ishqiya (2010), Golmaal 3 (2010), F.A.L.T.U (2011), Double Dhamaal (2011), Jolly LLB (2013), Golmaal Again (2017) and Total Dhamaal (2019), and received critical recognition for his work in films including Sehar (2005), Kabul Express (2006), Dedh Ishqiya (2014) and Guddu Rangeela (2015). He is widely regarded by many as one of the most underrated actors in the Hindi film industry.

In addition to acting in films, Warsi has hosted the dance show Razzmatazz in 2001, Sabse Favourite Kaun in 2004 and the first season of the reality television show Bigg Boss for which he was awarded the Indian Television Academy Award for Best Anchor – Game/Quiz Show. He starred opposite Karisma Kapoor in the TV serial Karishma – The Miracles of Destiny (2003) and featured as a judge for Zara Nachke Dikha in 2010. Warsi is married to Maria Goretti since 1999 with whom he has two children.

Early life and education
Warsi was born into a Muslim family in Mumbai. His father, Ahmed Ali Khan (Ashiq Hussain), had worked as a musician in Hindi films and adopted the name Warsi after he became a follower of the Sufi saint Waris Ali Shah. Arshad is the half-brother of singer Anwar Hussain and actress Asha Sachdev from his father's first marriage to actress Ranjana Sachdev. He did his schooling at a boarding school, Barnes School, in Deolali, Nashik district, Maharashtra. He was orphaned at the age of 14 and struggled for a living in Bombay during his early days. He left school after 10th standard.

Financial circumstances forced Warsi to start work as a door-to-door cosmetics salesman at age 17. Later he worked in a photo-lab. Meanwhile, he developed a keen interest in dancing and received an offer to join Akbar Sami's Dance group in Mumbai, which started his dancing and choreographing in Thikana (1987) and Kaash (1987).

Then in 1991, he won the Indian dance competition, followed by the fourth prize in the Modern Jazz category in the 1992 World Dance championship, London, at the age of 21. Soon, he started his own dance studio, "Awesome" with that money and also formed a dance troupe. It was here that his future wife, Maria Goretti, a St. Andrew's College student, joined him before she became a VJ. He was also associated with English theatre group in Mumbai, choreographing shows for Bharat Dabholkar and got an opportunity to choreograph the title track for the film Roop Ki Rani Choron Ka Raja (1993). During this time he was offered a role by Jaya Bachchan for Tere Mere Sapne.

Film career
He got his first offer to act in Amitabh Bachchan's production company, Amitabh Bachchan Corporation's first production Tere Mere Sapne in 1996. Before that he had made a small appearance as a dancer in a song in Aag Se Khelenge. He followed this by roles in films such as Betaabi (1997), Mere Do Anmol Ratan and Hero Hindustani (both 1998). His performance in P Vasu's Hogi Pyaar Ki Jeet (1999) was praised by Rediff.com's Suparn Verma. Warsi's next release was Madhur Bhandarkar's directorial debut Trishakti (1999). Completed in 3 years, the film performed poorly at the box office. His only film appearances of 2001 were in Ghaath, followed by Mujhe Meri Biwi Se Bachaao (2001) and Jaani Dushman: Ek Anokhi Kahani (2002). Most of these failed to do well at the box office. In Shashanka Ghosh's Waisa Bhi Hota Hai Part II, he played a common man who saves the life of a goon who is fatally shot. Ronjita Kulkarni wrote that he gave a "winning performance".

In 2003, he rose to fame when he starred as Circuit to Munna Bhai (Sanjay Dutt) in Rajkumar Hirani's comedy Munna Bhai M.B.B.S. which turned out to be a huge box office success and gained him much critical acclaim and a nomination at the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor. He won the Zee Cine Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role for the same. Warsi said in an interview that had the film not worked, his career would have finished. His only release in 2004 was the comedy Hulchul which earned him the GIFA Best Comedian Award and nominations for the Screen Award for Best Actor, Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role and IIFA Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role. Warsi played an airport manager opposite Mahima Chaudhry in Samar Khan's Kuchh Meetha Ho Jaye (2005). His performance in Sehar was positively received by critics and Sanhita Paradkar of Rediff.com wrote that: "finally [he is] in a much-deserved lead role". In the same year he appeared as a supporting actor in the romantic comedies Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya? and Salaam Namaste. For the latter, he was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor. He played a computer hacker in the Vivek Agnihotri-directed suspense thriller film Chocolate. Indrani Roy Mitra of Rediff.com said that Warsi gave a "commendable [performance]" in Vaah! Life Ho Toh Aisi! (2005).

Warsi collaborated with Rohit Shetty for Golmaal: Fun Unlimited (2006), which was the first installment of the Golmaal series. His next release was the comic thriller Anthony Kaun Hai?, directed by Raj Kaushal. The film drew from many Hollywood and Bollywood films and Warsi won praise from critics for his role of a conman. Raj Lalwani opined that the film "belongs to [him]" and that he was "one of the most underrated actors around". He once again teamed up with Rajkumar Hirani and Sanjay Dutt for Lage Raho Munna Bhai (2006), which won him his first Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role, IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor, Zee Cine Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role and Screen Award for Best Supporting Actor. His portrayal of a cameraman kidnapped by the Taliban in the counter-terrorism drama Kabul Express (2006), from Kabir Khan, won appreciation. H S Bunty wrote that Warsi "steals the show". Warsi appeared in the box office success comedy Dhamaal (2007). He played the role of a Pakistani footballer living in London in the sports drama Dhan Dhana Dhan Goal (2007). In director Jaideep Sen's comedy Krazzy 4, Warsi a person suffering from intermittent explosive disorder. The film failed to generate favourable reviews. Ameeta Gupta praised Warsi's performance in Deepak Shivdasani's comedy Mr. Black Mr. White (2008). He reteamed with Rohit Shetty for the comedy Golmaal Returns (2008). His first release of 2009 was Kisse Pyaar Karoon, followed by Ek Se Bure Do. He played lead role in Neeraj Vora-directed comedy Shortkut, a remake of the Malayalam film Udayananu Tharam (2005).

In 2010, Warsi won the Screen Award for Best Supporting Actor and was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor and the IIFA Award for Best Supporting Actor for the black-comedy Ishqiya. He appeared alongside Naseeruddin Shah and Vidya Balan. He produced and acted in Hum Tum Aur Ghost. The film received negative reviews and performed poorly financially. He once again collaborated with Rohit Shetty for the comedy Golmaal 3. It was a commercial success. Raja Sen opined that "Warsi [was] killing all the streetside-cred he's built up with bhai-sidekick roles by overdoing it." His 2011 releases include the comedies F.A.L.T.U and Double Dhamaal, which were both above-average grossers. The former was directed by Remo D'Souza and was inspired by the 2006 American comedy film Accepted, directed by Steve Pink. Preeti Arora called the latter a "huge disappointment".

His only film role in 2012 was in a guest appearance in Ajab Gazabb Love. CNN-IBN wrote that Warsi was "good and effective". His first release of 2013 was the action-thriller Zila Ghaziabad in which he played the role of a gangster. Charu Thakur criticised the film but praised Warsi's performance. He played a lawyer in the Subhash Kapoor-directed Jolly LLB, his first solo hit. Raja Sen wrote that he was "earnest to a fault". He was awarded the BIG Star Entertainment Award for Most Entertaining Actor in a Comedy Film (Male) and the IIFA Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role and Apsara Film Producers Guild Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role for his performance in the comedy drama. The film won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Hindi. Warsi played an important role in the Amrit Sagar Chopra-directed sex comedy Rabba Main Kya Karoon (2013). He starred as the titular detective in Samir Tewari's comedy Mr Joe B. Carvalho opposite Soha Ali Khan. Panned by critics, the film failed to perform well at the box office. He starred in Abhishek Chaubey's Dedh Ishqiya (2014). He suffered a head injury while shooting an action scene for Manish Jha's comedy film The Legend of Michael Mishra. Ashish R Mohan's comedy Welcome to Karachi (2015) featured Warsi alongside Jackky Bhagnani and Lauren Gottlieb. Rohit Vats and Shubha Shetty-Saha lauded Warsi's acting and comic timing. Warsi's next superhit was Golmaal Again in 2017, in which he reprised the role of Madhav from previous Golmaal films, starring alongside Ajay Devgn, Tabu, Parineeti Chopra, Shreyas Talpade, Kunal Khemu and Tusshar Kapoor. It went on to become one of the year's highest grossers and was a blockbuster at the box office. After Golmaal Again, he went on to star in Bhaiyyaji Superhitt, Fraud Saiyaan, Total Dhamaal, Pagalpanti while film Zamaanat, a courtroom drama directed by S Ramanathan, is still unreleased. Arshad Warsi's latest release was in March 2022, the Akshay Kumar and Kriti Sanon starrer 'Bachchan Pandey'.

Television career
Warsi was the co-host of the dance show Razzmatazz (2001) on Zee TV. He starred opposite Karisma Kapoor in the TV serial Karishma – The Miracles of Destiny from 2003 to 2004. It aired on Sahara One. He hosted a popular award show Sabse Favourite Kaun (2004) for STAR Gold. He was the host of Bigg Boss 1 (2006), the Indian version of the reality television series Big Brother which was aired on Sony Entertainment. Warsi won the Indian Television Academy Award for Best Anchor—Game/Quiz Show for this. He has also done a small cameo on Disney Channel's television show Ishaan: Sapno Ko Awaaz De (2010).

Personal life
Arshad Warsi married Maria Goretti on 14 February 1999. They have two kids, son named Zeke Warsi, born on 10 August 2004 and daughter Zene Zoe Warsi, born on 2 May 2007. Zeke also, made a special appearance in Salaam Namaste. During his school days, Warsi was a national level gymnast. In March 2023, Arshad Warsi was accused by India's securities regulator SEBI to have participated in a stock market scam. He, however, did not make any money in the process.

Reception and image
Warsi considers himself a better serious actor than a comic one. He's also an avid biker and was part of a bikers' gang in school. Actor Naseeruddin Shah said that: "He is easily the best all-round actor in this generation", while Vidya Balan said of Warsi: "He reminds me of the great European actors who can fit into any role. But he is completely under-utilised". In his book Hero Vol.2, Ashok Raj has called him "one of the most talented actors among today's breed". A well known actor, Warsi does not prefer giving auditions. Bhawana Somaaya has called him "one of the best three dancers of the Hindi film industry". Director Samir Tewari called him "the most underrated and un-utilised actor." Boman Irani also feels the same and called him a "natural and unique performer".

Work and accolades
Warsi won the Filmfare Award for Best Performance in a Comic Role in 2007. He has been awarded the Zee Cine Award for Best Actor in a Comic Role twice (in 2004 and 2007).

title: Arshad Warsi


text:
Deer horn knives

Deer horn knives, also known as crescent moon knives or duck blades , are specialised Chinese bladed weapons consisting of two steel crescents crossing. They are used in Chinese martial arts. This crossing produces four curved, clawlike points, one of which is extended as the "main" blade. The practitioner grips the wrapped middle of the lengthened crescent with the other acting as a hand guard. They are relatively short weapons that are easily concealable in traditional Chinese clothing, and are usually trained in pairs, one for each hand.

Deer horn knives are especially associated with the soft style Chinese martial art Baguazhang, which is known for its diverse weaponry. They are mainly used in trapping an opponent's weapon in aid of tying up or breaking the opponent's weapon, disarming the opponent and other close combat applications.

Deer horn knives are normally used against longer weapons such as spears, swords, broadswords, or any weapon which uses a safe distance to attack from. One advantage of deer horn knives in comparison to a longer weapon is that seeing as the deer horn knives are direct appendages of the hands, they can be moved with great speed and precision, and along with their ease of concealment, can easily be used to catch their opponent off guard.

Variations
Some variations of deer horn knives include pairs with one crescent being longer than the other, the larger blade presumably being used as the "main" hand and the smaller blade as the "guard" hand.

title: Deer horn knives


text:
Talk:Backpacking (travel)

backpackbuddies.co.uk
Avast reports as downloading a trojan, anyone know about this? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 124.182.224.72 (talk) 10:11, 5 June 2009 (UTC)

Tagged for NPOV, unreferenced
This article needs work, especially the criticism section. Much of that reads like a personal essay from someone opposed to backpacking. Notable published sources need to be cited for any supposed criticisms. A Wikipedia editor can't simply write his/her opinion in the third person as "some people think this or that." 69.29.130.202 22:54, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

 * in the spirit of being bold, I don't think the neutrality was any longer in dispute. I was hoping someone else would remove the tag but since no concerns have been raised (yet) about my re-write, I've removed the tag. Feel free to replace it if you don't think the article is yet neutral.Travellingcari 19:26, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

race of backpackers
I deleted this from the "advantages" section "......and are Caucasian (except for the prolific Japanese backpacker tradition)."

I can tell you backpacking (around asia at least) that there are backpackers of many races although they do tend to be nationals of western countries and developed asian countries.

Wording Problems
This page frequents use of phrases like "the majority of" and "most backpackers", without having references that substantiate these generalizations. While accepted generalizations I suppose are permissable, statements like "a majority of backpackers bring high resolution digital cameras" is not, unless it has a study or some form of expert reference. I'm not confident enough in my own revision abilities to clean this page up, but I feel someone ought to at least simplify it to the point where it can be built up from there. May I also suggest that much of the random bickering on this talk page be blanked? DukeOfSquirrels 23:01, 18 February 2007 (UTC)

Still lacking
Perhaps it's time that someone start again on this article? It's a mess. It's too long for a subject that is really only needs two to three paragraphs to describe. Going this much into detail gives us an article that will perpetually be prone to flame and revert wars. Aep 17:08, 27 February 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree. The article needs an overhaul. -Will Beback · † · 19:31, 27 February 2007 (UTC)

 * It's been cut down somewhat, but every section in this article can be easily cut down into one or two sentences. It's far too long. Other thoughts?Aep (talk) 09:34, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Canada?
Please merge this page with Backpacking (Canada)... there is no purpose to a separate article. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Leif902 (talk • contribs) 23:45, 27 February 2007 (UTC).

LANGUAGE
From experience, usually the predominant language of the area is the main language of travelers in an area. Edwin

Hey, is there a measurable amount of african-diaspora (black) backpackers? please don't delete this question!67.176.14.100 02:28, 27 June 2007 (UTC)JF Rocket

 * provide verifiable references to back your claim. Michellecrisp 02:31, 27 June 2007 (UTC)

Backpacking in fiction
is this section necessary, does not relate entirely to main thrust of article? I'm suggesting deleting this section, or creating its own entry. Michellecrisp 07:13, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

External Links & References
For all the shoddiness of this article and the disputes and complaints it receives, someone sure is over-protective about external links and reference articles. Some non-commercial outside sources might benefit the article, idiot! —Preceding unsigned comment added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)
 * Thanks for the info man--Ad@m.J.W.C. 12:43, 26 August 2007 (UTC)

To the unsigned...
To the Unsigned commentor... Your ideas would be more appreciated if you were less like one yourself... Michael 22:15, 19 October 2007 (UTC)

Updated Revisions October 2007
I just did a massive re-write. I think it's a lot cleaner and while I know it's not perfect I see it as a massive improvement and hope others agree.

While I took out a lot, I don't think I removed anything crucial. As others have stated, including Aep, it was too long and wasn't central to the discussion.

My concerns on my own update: too scholarly? I tried to get legit sources but I don't know if it's over-cited. I also took out a lot of the "see also"s as I didn't see what car-pooling had to do with backpacking. ClueBot seems to have automatically changed something I did, but I'm not certain what. As always, open to any feedback. Thanks!

ETA: My entire change was removed by ClueBot. I think it thought I was blanking it due to the large change. Off to fix. Fixed! Travellingcari 19:17, 29 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Good to see someone being bold in the way it was intended. Not entirely sure we should be speaking directly to the reader, but. --Pete 21:12, 29 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Good job, but I think it still needs to be cut down further. There's a lot of bloat. I'm tempted to editing myself, but I don't want to provoke anyone into a snit. Maybe my past as a newspaper editor is coming through? Aep (talk) 09:36, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

 * You won't get an edit war from me, I re-wrote the article completely to source it. I'm curious to know what you think should be eliminated, as I don't think it needs to be "only one or two sentences" per section, per your comment below. The article had been a mess so I added significant sourcing. Is it too long kb wise? Otherwise I see no reason to drastically shorten it. Please note that your comment below was responding to a comment from a year ago, older concerns. I'd be happy to change what you'd like, but I don't see a reason to shorten it necessarily. Travellingcari (talk) 12:46, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

criticisms
doesn't say what the criticisms are? that backpackers are perceived as too lazy and scared to get a job? --203.117.92.2 10:08, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

It's one person's belief, I don't think it merits a comment in Wiki about the type of travel. I've never seen that referenced anywhere as even a popular beliefTravellingcari 13:41, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Backpackers are seen, in Oz at least, as useful sources of labour for fruitpicking etc. --Pete 16:29, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

 * yep - I know the early hippie-esque backpacking had those connotations but I didn't think it was current perception -- but then again I 've been reading far too many TourismNT reports recentlyTravellingcari 18:48, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

One criticism I can think of is that many backpackers are perceived to be whore-mongering low caste members of some affluent nation who visit the developing world to exploit what they cannot afford at home. Also, as "ambassadors" of their respective homelands, they do little but convey an image of idleness and substandard hygiene.

The First Backpacker
Giovanni Careri? Really? I propose Ibn Battuta. Peraltita (talk) 13:43, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

or Matsuo Bashō as well. The issue with that section is we can name these three and any other contributors could add their own that they're aware of. Personally, I think it should go Travellingcari (talk) 15:08, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

Remains Controversial?
First of all, let me express my appreciation to the people that did the rewrites. They did a good job and I thank them for that. However, I feel the need to add the following perspective.

I am a 51-year old backpacker who first donned a pack in 1968. Backpacking "remains" controversial? Sounds like revsionism to me. No, backpacking did not begin with the "hippie trail". I researched backpacking in the late '60s when I first got into it. The Boy Scout manuals of the day attributed backpacking, at least immediately, to campcraft (of the early 20th century). I remember well, the books of the day had plans for CARVING your own pack frame and SEWING your own canvas bag to fit it. Mr. Kelty had just invented the new-fangled hip belt as a way to transfer back-carried weight to the long bones of the legs. I never carried a wood and canvas pack, but they had only recently been replaced by aluminum and cordura. I've hiked most of N. America and parts of S. America. Backpacking is about being portable and independent - on your own. Americans like to think themselves as independent, but when someone comes along who really IS independent, who has cast off material ties and put themselves OUT there, it freaks them out. Wussies! Some of my best experiences have come from backpacking and hitchiking and I highly reccomend it. Never, never let someone else define you. "Controversial?" No, we've never been controversial. But backpackers are a blank slate for feeble-minded passers-by to project their demons upon, and as a result backpackers sometimes become subject to violence by others. My wife's grandfather was born in Germany and got out of there before Adolph and his gang took over. She reminds me that alpine hiking has a European tradition that goes WAY back. It's what people have done for entertainment for hundreds of years. There is something basic and elemental about being self-contained, your home on your back, that has lasting appeal. I do not pretend to be an authority on backpacking, but I do know that the information in this section about its origins and history is a crock. Gregory Sweitzer, MSW, MA, Psy.D. gregsweitzer@yahoo.ca backpacker at large Toronto, Ontario, Canada

 * Because there's no date on this comment, it's hard to know whether it reflects the current article - but the origin you talk about here is more appropriate to Backpacking (wilderness). - DavidWBrooks 20:12, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

"trend of increasing usage of both electronic and offline travel guides"
An anonymous IP has included a paragraph from which the above phrase is taken, with reference to (prsumably his own) blog article expressing an opinion about how certain things have altered backpacking. It has been removed as being an essay that that is obvious (people find stuff now on smart phones but they didn't used to) and unsupported original research (because of that, their experience is cheapened). He/she wanted more explanation, so here you go. DavidWBrooks (talk) 14:24, 23 June 2009 (UTC)

Megaloping?
What's this megaloping? Most of the backpackers probably use only public transport like normal airlines, trains, buses and taxis. I guess that only a minority of them rents their own cars, boats or airplanes. And if someone does, wouldn't that be more like that "flashpacking" and not doing it just normal backpacking? JJohannes (talk) 11:50, 23 April 2010 (UTC)

 * I have removed it - hunting around found just one site that used the term, and it hasn't been active since 2007. If I have missed something please return it, but with some sort of reference. - DavidWBrooks (talk) 13:21, 23 April 2010 (UTC)

"Budget airlnies"
I suggest an edit for Line 24 Around the turn of the millennium, the increase of budget airlines and low-cost flights once contributed to this expansion, but economic recession and upward price pressure on ailine ticket prices is depressing this trend.

The "increase of budget airlines and low-cost flights" may still apply or not, but I think (in America at least) the cost of flying is prohibitive, regardless of whether it is high or not, thanks to the unending wars. QASIMARA

Couch Hopping
I suggest a section in "Varients" on Web sites for backpackers who are not travelling but want to invite backpackers into their homes see http://couchhopping.com/. QASIMARA

Edit notice
I'm fine with the shortened edit notice, but if we're again flooded with "here's my blog of when I went to Europe" can we revisit it, please? I think the reason it came into it's previous version was a consensus after much inappropriate, unencyclopedic content. There were many discussions/debates previously along the lines of "it doesn't say I can't post a link to my blog" so there was a consensus to explicitly say that. But maybe now that blogging is no longer the "it" thing, it will cease? I'm not sure. StarM 21:15, 13 January 2012 (UTC)
 * I must have been sleeping or something, because I don't remember the personal-blog thing being much of a problem. But certainly, if it does become a problem then we can/should make changes. - DavidWBrooks (talk) 21:34, 13 January 2012 (UTC)
 * They were. Will try to find diffs later. Right now I'm having so many issues, I think Wikipedia needs to go backpacking or take a timeout. Won't load history beyond 50 and I know there have been far more edits to this article StarM 22:57, 13 January 2012 (UTC)
 * That's OK, don't sweat it. Looking quickly through the old history, all I saw were some external links to "lots of details about my trip" sites, rather than inclusion in the article (which is what I thought you meant). There didn't seem to be too many of them to handle, though. - `DavidWBrooks (talk)

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Updates
While much of this information remains accurate, I believe an inclusion of typical trip routes that backpacking tourists conduct would be beneficial to the audience. Though it is included that South East Asia has become a major hotspot for many backpackers, there is little mention of the routes/techniques used by backpackers. This article also speaks oh how backpacking constitutes working from the country that these travelers are currently located in, yet backpacking has become a very common method of traveling on vacation or holiday, not only as a sort of digital nomad. I believe there could be a section regarding the benefits of traveling in such a way and dive deeper into the ways that backpacking has developed as of late. Here are a couple ideas for sources:

“Backpacking Routes.” MyFunkyTravel, Jan. 2018, myfunkytravel.com/backpackingroutes.html.

Schwieters, Carly. “Best Backpacking Trips - Top 6 Routes| StudentUniverse Blog.” StudentUniverse Travel Blog, StudentUniverse Travel Blog, 1 Mar. 2018, www.studentuniverse.com/blog/adventure/backpacking-here-are-our-picks-for-the-top-6-routes.

By: Mango Tours INQUIRER.net U.S. Bureau / 12:51 AM May 03, 2016. “5 Benefits of Backpacking.” Inquirer Lifestyle 5 Benefits of Backpacking Comments, Mango Tours, 3 May 2016, lifestyle.inquirer.net/227899/5-benefits-of-backpacking/.

Any thoughts?

MattSpringer (talk) 16:58, 22 March 2018 (UTC)Matt Springer 3/22/2018

Retitle this page??
Shouldn't we redirect Backpacking(travel) to some sort of other page, call it "traveling light" or "low-budget travel"?

Backpacking has only recently as a word begun to be abused by people attempting to market to people who want to appear more adventurous than they are. It should be more clear that this article is not about backpacking, but about traveling. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Timdesuyo (talk • contribs) 07:20, 3 November 2018 (UTC)

Requested move 10 November 2019

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: not moved - consensus against (closed by non-admin page mover) DannyS712 (talk) 20:42, 17 November 2019 (UTC)

Backpacking (travel) → Backpacker tourism – This moved was previously performed unilaterally by User:Wikieditor600, with the reason given as "Correct terminology". But (1) the move was incomplete as it failed to rename the talk page, and (2) I think this warrants prior discussion. I've reverted the move, and filed it as an RM instead. I'm nominating this procedurally and abstain from !voting. Paul_012 (talk) 19:45, 10 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Oppose "Backpacking" is IMHO the more common. I've never heard the second form. We have adequate disambiguation, the previous name was far more common as a link source, and it's amenable to the pipe trick. Andy Dingley (talk) 20:11, 10 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Oppose for the reasons stated just above. - DavidWBrooks (talk) 21:16, 10 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Support Every research paper I can find on the subject refers to it as "backpacker tourism". You can see this in a google search. Just beacause you haven't heard of it, it is not a reason to vote one way or the other - we aren't going to delete every article you have never heard of. This also puts the article title in-line with the dozens of Wikipedia articles relating to types of tourism, such as Agritourism, Alternative tourism, Atomic tourism, Business tourism, city tourism, Cultural tourism, Music tourism, Disaster tourism, etc... Wikieditor600 —Preceding undated comment added 21:27, 10 November 2019 (UTC)
 * You claim that "Backpacker tourism" exists as a name and I'm happy to accept that, even though I've not seen it myself (maybe it's a regional thing?). But we care here about WP:COMMONNAME, and I really can't see that being met. Andy Dingley (talk) 21:58, 10 November 2019 (UTC)

 * Oppose While I have not encountered the phrase backpacking tourism per se, I have encountered urban travelers referred to as backpackers so it stands to reason that backpacking tourism would be acceptable grammatically.  Perhaps there is some parallel to the phrase camping being used in related but contradictory ways:  1) a minimalist-equipment philosophy of tents, portable cookers, sleeping bags, etc., or 2) a bring-everything-including-the-kitchen-sink in an RV.  As a wilderness backpacker, I was seriously annoyed visiting (many decades ago) a franchise chain called "Camping World" which did not have freeze dried food, tent repair kits, handheld water treatment, etc.  However, the suggested phrase has only 72,500 matches while "backpacking travel" has over a million. —EncMstr (talk) 21:39, 10 November 2019 (UTC)
 * Oppose it is a scholarly term and one I'm relatively familiar with, but agree with above re: CommonName.       StarM 03:31, 13 November 2019 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

title: Talk:Backpacking (travel)


text:
Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare

The Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW) oversees the care and use of research animals in any public or private organization, business, or agency (including components of Federal, state, and local governments). The Public Health Service consists of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Indian Health Service (IHS), and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). The agencies of the PHS are a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

PHS Policy on Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (Policy) requires institutions to establish and maintain proper measures to ensure the appropriate care and use of live vertebrate animals involved in biomedical and behavioral research testing or training activities conducted or supported by the PHS. The PHS Policy endorses the "U.S. Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training" developed by the Interagency Research Animal Committee (IRAC).

OLAW provides guidance and interpretation of the PHS Policy, supports educational programs, and monitors compliance with the Policy by Assured institutions and PHS funding components to ensure the humane care and use of animals in PHS-supported research, testing, and training, thereby contributing to the quality of PHS-supported activities.

title: Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare


text:
User talk:Nlamore

Welcome to the Wikipedia
I noticed you were new, and wanted to share some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library

For more information click  here . You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Sam Spade 17:42, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Please stop spamming your blog. You will be blocked if you continue. CryptoDerk 23:16, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nlamore


text:
Child Nutrition Act

The Child Nutrition Act of 1966 (CNA) is a United States federal law (act) signed on October 11, 1966 by President Lyndon B. Johnson. The Act was created as a result of the "years of cumulative successful experience under the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) to help meet the nutritional needs of children." The National School Lunch Program feeds 30.5 million children per day (as of 2007). NSLP was operated in over 101,000 public and nonprofit private schools in 2007. The Special Milk Program, functioning since 1954, was extended to June 30, 1970 and incorporated into the act. The act also provided Federal funding assistance towards non-food purchases for school equipment.

The act established the School Breakfast Program, a federally assisted meal program that provides low-cost or free breakfasts to children in public and non-profit schools as well as child care institutions. During the signing of the act, the president remarked that "good food is essential to good learning."

Importance
It is important for food programs such as these in schools because some students may receive all their meals from school. According to the CDC, a poor diet can lead to energy imbalance (e.g., eating more calories than one expends through physical activity) and can increase one’s risk for overweight and obesity. Without a well balanced diet it could cause a child's brain to not develop normally (Berger, 172). Children may be malnourished and could possibly suffer from Protein-calorie malnutrition (Berger 172). In the long run if children do suffer from lack of nutrients it will not only impede brain growth but affect their ability to learn as well (Berger, 172). Some students have recognized the importance of a well balanced diet and started programs on a local level. Programs like the School Food Plus Initiative & E.A.T.W.I.S.E (Cooper, 54). Parents are also getting in on the action and have formed school district wellness committees around the country. They are looking forward to developing wellness policies that will charge local school districts with setting targets for nutrition education (Cooper, 84).

Nutrition standards
The National School Breakfast Program feeds 10 million children each day, and the National School Lunch Program feeds more than 30 million students. However, the national standards and meal requirements for these meals were created more than a decade ago. The planning model used to develop current nutritional standards and related meal requirements is based on legislation (USDA, 1995) that provided specifications for use of 1995 Dietary Guidelines for American and the 1989 Recommended Dietary Allowances (Stallings, 89). This model considers needs of the entire population of school children rather than specific individuals (Stallings, 91).

The William F. Goodling Child Nutrition Reauthorization Act of 1998 extended expiring authorizations for child nutrition and Commodity Assistance Programs, and the WIC program, through fiscal year 2003. Among other things, this law significantly expanded the availability of federal subsidies (through the school lunch program and the CACFP) for snacks served in after-school programs and authorized demonstration projects providing free breakfasts for elementary school children without regard to family income. Modest revisions were made to child nutrition and WIC program rules.

The Child Nutrition and WIC Reauthorization Act of 2004 required that all school districts with a federally funded school meal program develop wellness policies that address nutrition and physical activity.

The Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Snack Program (Food and Nutrition Service) was also designed to increase fruit and vegetables available to schools. In 2008, a farm bill called for gradual expansion of program to all states by 2012.

In the fall of 2009 the Institute of Medicine recommended updates and revisions to the school lunch and breakfast programs, at the request of U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). The committee reviewed the current regulations for the National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program Nutrition Standards and Meal Requirements. The planning model used to develop current nutritional standards and related meal requirements is based on legislation (USDA,1995) that provided specifications for use of 1995 Dietary Guidelines for American and the 1989 Recommended Dietary Allowances (NRC, 1989). To meet its task, the IOM committee also reviewed and assessed the food and nutritional needs of school-aged children in the United States using the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans set by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and USDA, as well as the IOM’s Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI). The committee recommends numerous revisions and that emphasis be placed on revised Meal Requirements rather than on nutrients per se. The committee’s recommended new approach clearly focuses on providing meals that are consistent with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The final report, School Meals: Building Blocks for Healthy Children was released in November 2009. The committee recommended that the USDA adopt standards for menu planning, including:

 * Increasing the amount and variety of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
 * Setting a minimum and maximum level of calories
 * Focusing more on reducing saturated fat and sodium

On January 13, 2011, the USDA published new proposed regulations in the Federal Register based on the IOM recommendations, as part of the Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010.

title: Child Nutrition Act


text:
File:Lubbockhighlogo.jpg

Source: http://www.lubbockhigh.com/default2.asp

title: File:Lubbockhighlogo.jpg


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Talk:Inorganic compounds by element

One problem with purely alphabetical listings is the difficulty in locating related compounds that may begin with different letters. This list aims to solve that problem so that (for example) compounds such as aluminium chloride, lithium aluminium hydride, methylaluminoxane and trimethylaluminium can all be found near to each other. The format is designed to be concise and to avoid excessive scrolling.

These are compounds that in my humble opinion warrant their own individual pages, based on research in chemistry books, catalogues and also Google/Altavista searches. I realise that I may have unwittingly omitted important compounds- already I have seen a new page for methylaluminoxane appear, I was unaware of the importance of this. Therefore feel free to add new compounds if these are significant enough- ideally with a page already written!. However don't just add random compounds from catalogues without serious evaluation. A red link could be regarded as a page request, so this list serves a secondary purpose- it gives people involved with WikiProject_Chemicals some idea of what has been achieved so far, and what still needs to be done to achieve a decent coverage of inorganics.

Once the page is established, I plan to add a link from each element page, for example from calcium to calcium compounds.

I add the next element to this page periodically, when the fancy takes me. There is still a lot to do, but a significant amount has already been done, and I estimate that I will complete the element listing by the end of 2005 or so. If you decide you want to add content, please add one complete element at a time (unless just editing existing elements!).

Here is a summary of the main purposes for the page:
 * 1) Easy way to locate compounds
 * 2) Checklist- what we've done, what we need to do
 * 3) Convenient way to link to all compounds of a given element such as calcium compounds

Walkerma 17:44, 22 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Redirect
I created a redirect, ICBE, which is the abbriviation of the title of this article, so it is easier to go to this article. Polonium 20:41, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Thanks! Walkerma 07:00, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

Goals
I think that a reasonable goal will be to list some compounds of all of the first 100 elements done by the end of March 2006. Polonium 21:31, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Sounds possible, thanks to your efforts, thanks a lot. I will try to help out, nothing like a goal to motivate me... Cheers, Walkerma 22:27, 27 February 2006 (UTC)

a universal compound page
as i suggest in http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Dictionary_of_chemical_formulas#sort_by_element, it should be possible to combine the many compound lists on wikipedia into one sortable wikitable. this way every listed compound is always in every list. it may require a new table code (hidden java script, etc), having the ability to search for a letter in item names eg, finding hydrogen compounds.

perhaps an additional hidden column containing the elements of compounds which are first sorted (text is reordered), and then the whole table is sorted according to this. example, Bismuth vanadate can have a hidden column with "Bi V O4" (spaced, but the capital letters may be good enough), if i want oxygen compounds, then the O is brought to the front and i get "O4 Bi V" (and then sorted). instructions can be placed in the talk page on how to add new items into the complex page. to unify efforts, i will add this link: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/index_of_compounds however even without sophistocated code, some wiki lists can be removed using the easy table code we can do. Charlieb000 (talk) 00:17, 24 February 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:Inorganic compounds by element