text:
Talk:Nobilis

Rewrite needed?
I've edited this article to adhere more to the facts laid out in the Nobilis 2nd Edition "Great White Book," but more still needs to be done. Maybe a rewrite?

--Taliesin84 10:34, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Major Rewrite
This needed a lot of work so I went ahead and gave it a total overhaul. This is the most major editting job I have down on a wikipedia page yet so I hope I have been properly Bold, but not too Bold.

Anyway I added photos, divided the document into sections, added a lot more detail on the game world and rule system, improved the links section (IMHO), and added links to a few articles on things I think have similar themes (I also moved the amber diceless link to this section).

I am doing this all from memory as I have loaned my Great White Book out to two of my prospective players for an upcoming campaign so its possible I messed up one of the terms used in that book but I am fairly certain they are accurate. I would still like to add a bit of info on the flower crest the characters pick but I can't remember what its called.

Comments and feedback welcome.Kit 09:37:54, 2005-08-22 (UTC)

A Few Minor Corrections and Additions
In the original entry, the Earth was described as being located at the base of Yggdrasil, which is not the case. Also, Entropy's Law does not apply to Imperators.

GrimGent, 18:49 (GMT), 15 Oct 2005
 * Thanks for your contributions. Kit 04:16, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

French publisher here : the French edition was first on sale for two reasons, one was that the printer was only 2 hours away from 2dSF offices (as opposed to the distance between London and the printer of the original version) and second that the layout was a little bit simpler than the English version... Edomaur (talk) —Preceding comment was added at 13:15, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

What Now?
Has there been any news anywhere about what's going to happen to Nobilis now? Jachra 06:32, 29 August 2007 (UTC)

OK, I fail
I went to go add the information about how Nobilis is being republished, and I screwed up the bottom portion. I'm not sure how to fix it either without just pasting it in from an old version, and I am under the impression that is not a good practice —Preceding unsigned comment added by Zenten (talk • contribs) 18:11, 3 March 2008 (UTC)

 * gg Zenten : adjusted to reflect release of new supplement this month. Hominidx (talk) 21:27, 13 March 2008 (UTC) (jamasiel)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Nobilis. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061018154303/http://2dsansfaces.com/fr/public/document/index/618/273 to http://www.2dsansfaces.com/fr/public/document/index/618/273

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 05:12, 27 December 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nobilis


text:
Portal talk:Cricket/Archive 2

Portal:Cricket
Since this page was removed from VfD by SPUI as it was invalid, and since there was a lot of concern about having the page at Cricket (portal) or at Wikiportal/Cricket, I have been bold and moved it to Portal:Cricket. This should make it crystal clear to anyone looking at the page that it is not an article of itself, and neither is it an administrative portal. It is a reader-portal. May we have more of them! All suggestions for improvements welcomed! jguk 09:34, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

New Namespace
After reading over the issues raised with the new cricket portal, something occurred to me. In the main namespace there are two (at least) kinds of pages: pages that are encyclopedia articles, which provide content, and pages which help you find articles, which help you navigate. It would make sense to me to create a namespace for all these navigation articles. This namespace would include IMHO: Portals, disambiguation pages, all the "list of..." pages. Just a thought I came up with. Matt 13:28, 2 May 2005 (UTC)
 * As it turns out, you're not the only one. Wikipedia:Votes for deletion/Portal:Cricket. JRM · Talk 15:18, 2005 May 2 (UTC)

Self references
First of all, I don't know why the the discussion page for Portal:Cricket is redirecting me here to Wikipedia talk:Wikiportal/Cricket/Archive2 but it's late and I'll investigate in the morning. Anyway, I think the reference to the WikiProject should be removed. I think this portal is an excellent idea and I hope this will be extended to other subjects. However, it should not solicit readers to become Wikipedia editors; that is inappropriate. — Knowledge Seeker দ 08:34, 18 May 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Portal talk:Cricket/Archive 2


text:
Communist Party of Bolivia

The Communist Party of Bolivia (Partido Comunista de Bolivia) is a communist party in Bolivia. It was founded in 1950 by Raúl Ruiz González and other former members of the Revolutionary Left Party (PIR). It remained small and did not hold its first national party congress until 1959.

It soon entered the labor movement and was included in the leadership of the Central Obrera Boliviana and the FSTMB during the 1960s. However, it remained a minority force in most unions. The Sino-Soviet split further weakened the PCB. In 1964, Ruiz González and others broke away to form the pro-China Communist Party of Bolivia (Marxist–Leninist).

At the time, the U.S. State Department estimated the party membership to be approximately 6,500.

In 1966, the Cuban-based revolutionary Che Guevara planned to initiate a guerrilla war against René Barrientos, Bolivia's military dictator. The PCB initially pledged its support, but became suspicious of Guevara when he arrived. The party did not participate in Guevara's campaign. Instead, Guevara formed a separate organization, the National Liberation Army (Ejército de Liberación Nacional).

When democracy was restored in Bolivia in the 1980s, the PCB remained a minor party. In 2003 it lost its designation as a recognized political party.

The PCB publishes Unidad (Unity).

As of 2019, Ignacio Mendoza served as the first secretary of the party.

General Secretaries

 * Simón Reyes Rivera (1950–c. 1967)
 * Mario Monje Molina, nicknamed "Estanislao" (c. 1967–c. 1970)
 * Jorge Kolle Cueto (c. 1970–1981)
 * Marcos Domich Ruiz (1985–2003)
 * Ignacio Mendoza Pizarro (2003–2008)

title: Communist Party of Bolivia


text:
National Mosque of Malaysia

The National Mosque of Malaysia (Masjid Negara Malaysia) is a mosque in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It has a capacity for 15,000 people and is situated among 13 acres of gardens. Its key features are a 73 m minaret and a 16-pointed star concrete main roof. The umbrella, synonymous with the tropics, is featured conspicuously – the main roof is reminiscent of an open umbrella, the minaret's cap a folded one. The folded plates of the concrete main roof are a creative solution to achieving the larger spans required in the main gathering hall. Reflecting pools and fountains are spread throughout the compound. Completed in 1965, the mosque is a bold and modern approach in reinforced concrete, symbolic of the aspirations of a then newly independent nation.

History
Malaya gained its independence from the British government on 31 August 1957. Major development programs in areas of economy, social, and architecture were actively implemented in line with the new government. The programs were also implemented to portray new progressive culture and achieved democracy. Therefore, on 30 July 1957, in a meeting of the Federal Executive Council, an idea to build a national mosque as a symbol of the country's independence was mooted. In another meeting on 5 March 1958 of Chief Ministers of the eleven states in the Federation of Malaya, a proposal was made to name the mosque Masjid Tunku Abdul Rahman Putra Al-Haj, in recognition of Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman's efforts in guiding the country to gaining independence. However, Tunku refused this honour; on the contrary, he named it Masjid Negara in thanksgiving for the country's peaceful independence without bloodshed.

The mosque was built on the former site of the Venning Road Brethren Gospel Hall, which was acquired by the government in 1961. The church was offered land on Jalan Imbi as a replacement and is now known as Jalan Imbi Chapel. The original structure of the mosque was designed by a three-person team from the Public Works Department: UK architect Howard Ashley, and Malaysians Ikmal Hisham Albakri and Baharuddin Kassim. The engineer in charge of the construction of the mosque, which commenced in 1963 was Antony Morris. On Friday, 27 August 1965, the mosque was declared open by the third Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the late Tuanku Syed Putra of Perlis.

The mosque underwent major renovations in 1987, and the once-pink concrete roof is now clad in green and blue tiles. Today, Masjid Negara continues to stand sleek and stylish against the Kuala Lumpur skyline. An underground passage leads to the National Mosque located near the railway station, along Jalan Sultan Hishamuddin. Its unique modern design embodies a contemporary expression of traditional Islamic art calligraphy and ornamentation. Near the mosque is the Makam Pahlawan (Heroes' Mausoleum), a burial ground of several Malaysian Muslim leaders. Makam Pahlawan is a 7-pointed star concrete roofed structure.

The mosque was the largest in Malaysia until the completion in 1988 of the Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque in Shah Alam.

On 27 August 2015, Masjid Negara celebrated its Golden Jubilee (50th anniversary).

Imams of the National Mosque

 * 1) Ghazali Abdullah (1965)
 * 2) Mohs Salleh Hassan Farid
 * 3) Sheikh Abdul Mohsein bin Salleh (1974-1975)
 * 4) Ahmad Shahir bin Daud (1975-1980)
 * 5) Abu Hassan bin Din Al-Hafiz (1981-1983)
 * 6) Ahmad Shahir bin Daud (1984-1992)
 * 7) Arifin Harun (1992-1993)
 * 8) Taib Azamudden bin Md. Taib (1993-1999)
 * 9) A. Jalil bin Sindring @ Prangerang (1999-Sep. 2001)
 * 10) Wan Halim bin Wan Harun (2001-2004)
 * 11) Kamaruddin bin Zakaria (2005-2006)
 * 12) Tan Sri Dato' Sri Haji Ismail bin Haji Muhammad (February 2007 – 2019)
 * 13) Haji Ehsan bin Mohd Hosni (February 2020 – present)

Transportation
The mosque is accessible within walking distance of Kuala Lumpur railway station, served by the KTM Komuter, and Pasar Seni station, served by the Kelana Jaya and Kajang metro lines.

The free Go KL City Bus (Red Line) has a stop at Masjid Negara.

title: National Mosque of Malaysia


text:
Category talk:Emperors of Japan

Inclusion of title 'Emperor' in article name
It looks as though these articles have been mostly created with the title in the article name. This is a different convention from, say, the monarchy of the UK - where the title is not within the article name. Ian Cairns 10:35, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Emperors of Japan


text:
Nek'af uzhas, nek'af at

Nek'uf ujas, nek'uf at (Kinda Horror, Kinda Hell) is the second album by the Bulgarian punk rock band Hipodil, released in 1994, the band's first under the Riva Sound label. The album followed Hipodil's debut effort from 1993 Alkoholen delirium (Alcoholic Delirium).

History
After the massive success of Hipodil's previous album, the band had to use the momentum and offer a consistent second product. Though this time recording and production work were better, Hipodil cleverly chose to copy the winning formula of their debut instead of searching for a new direction. Yet, Hipodil vocalist and frontman Svetoslav Vitkov put a lot of references to his favourite heavy metal influences and especially Slayer in the record. The others in the band however did not like his ideas about the projected style of the album and this ignited a quarrel, which almost led to Vitkov's departure from Hipodil.

As the band had not enough time to work on their far less-than-perfect music skills after the extensive national tour in support of Alkoholen delirium, they put their money on more explicit lyrics, based on a broader range of topics which Bulgarian society at the time offered in abundance. They also changed their label and moved to Riva Sound.

In early 1995, Hipodil launched a long national tour to support the album which took them to some 20 cities across Bulgaria. During most of the tour, vocalist Svetoslav Vitkov suffered from sore throat and, reportedly, on many dates guest keyboard player Ventsislav Mitzov backed him heavily with the vocal parts.

Commercially, the album was very successful, though it did not produce any radio hits and no videos, chiefly due to the obscene lyrics. No official sales figures were ever released, a usual practice in Bulgarian music industry.

Nek'uf ujas, nek'uf at was released on audio cassettes only and was never re-released on a CD though some tracks were included in the band's greatest hits compilation Tu'pest in 1999 and its sequel Tu'pest 2 in 2009. Presently, the album is out of print and new copies cannot be purchased anywhere, however it is available for streaming and digital download on various sites. Amazon also offers print-on-demand CDs of the album.

The Music
Despite some darker tunes and more depressive lyrics, the band stayed true to their mix of puns, mockery and parodies. Of course, the album has enough songs of Hipodil's trademark party-oriented, sex & alcohol-based lyrics and a lot of mockeries, especially with the gay society in "Jenite sa za pederasi" (Women Are for Gays) and with the then-popular Bulgarian pop duet Doni & Momchil in "Moni i Domchil" (the song begins with a Slayer riff after the intro part, which is a parody of the Doni & Momchil song "Umoreni krila"). In "Jenite sa za pederasti", there is a motif from the Judas Priest's anthem "Breaking the Law", expressively added in honour of the British band's frontman Rob Halford. "Hipodili" (Hipodils) was inspired by the mass disorder at a Hipodil's concert in Varna in 1993, during the Alkoholen delirium tour, when all band members along with some people from the audience were arrested. (The reasons for the rout were not clear but the band has repeatedly stated that alcohol was in the base of the problem.) The song became some kind of an anthem and emblem of the band and a gig favourite.

Side A

 * 1) "Vhod" (Entrance)
 * 2) "Koy namaza sus layna" (Who Smeared with Shit)
 * 3) "Kut kokoshchitze..." (Cluck-cluck, little hen...)
 * 4) "Oteche" (Swelled)
 * 5) "More ot alkohol" (Sea of Alcohol)
 * 6) "Jenite sa za pederasi" (Women Are For Gays)
 * 7) "Zaplaha za izbivane na zab" (A Threat To Knock Out a Tooth)
 * 8) "Oblatzi" (Clouds)
 * 9) "Mrusen gaden den" (Dirty Nasty Day)
 * 10) "Ivo"

Side B

 * 1) "Moni i Domchil" (parody of Bulgarian pop group Doni i Momchil)
 * 2) "Hipodili" (Hipodils)
 * 3) "L.A.-no mome" (L.A. Woman, also pun on the name of the Eastern South Slavic folk song "Eleno, mome" [Elena, my girl])
 * 4) "Takovata"
 * 5) "Sedya na bara" (Sitting at The Bar)
 * 6) "Djudjanka" (Dwarf-woman)
 * 7) "Snejanka" (Snow White)
 * 8) "Psiho" (Psycho)
 * 9) "Galileo, Galileo"
 * 10) "Birata se lee" (The Beer is Flowing)

Personnel

 * Svetoslav Vitkov - vocals
 * Petar Todorov - guitars
 * Vencislav Lozanov - bass guitar
 * Lachezar Marinov - drums

title: Nek'af uzhas, nek'af at


text:
Eustachy Sanguszko

Eustachy Sanguszko may refer to:

 * Eustachy Erazm Sanguszko (1768–1844), Polish noble, military commander, diplomat, and politician
 * Eustachy Stanisław Sanguszko (1842–1903), Polish noble and politician

title: Eustachy Sanguszko


text: User talk:66.124.103.157

title: User talk:66.124.103.157


text:
Volvo B7R

The Volvo B7R is a coach chassis available with a range of bodies. It is promoted as a rear engined lightweight coach chassis. It is primarily intended for tourist and long-distance duties. B7R is also manufactured in China, Brazil, Hungary, India and Iran for use in regional transport services.

B7R is powered by the Volvo D7E (previously D7A, D7B and D7C) six-cylinder diesel engine with a turbocharger and intercooler. The D7E engine produces 290 hp with 1200 Nm of torque between 1050 and 1650 r/min.

It comes with a retarder incorporated into the gearbox. The retarder slows down the engine when brakes are applied. Once the engine slows down, disk brakes take over and bring the vehicle to complete stop, almost in an instant.

Its frame is a robust steel construction with a flat upper face. A flat upper face simplifies building bus body. It could be built with a maximum length of about 12.5 metres.

The B7R is also available as complete buses - the Volvo 7350 (for Mexico), Volvo 9400 (for India) and Volvo 8700. The B7R is the most widely used deluxe long-distance bus in India and is employed by not only the state-owned transport corporations of the state of Karnataka, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Bihar and Andhra Pradesh but also by private operators.

Volvo also developed a low-floor variant of B7R, known as the Volvo B7RLE, for intercity and city operations.

In Brazil, the B7R is produced in Curitiba, since 1998. The first B7R in the country was imported from Sweden and operated in Curitiba's public transportation as a Direct Line Bus. In 2012, B7R was renamed to B290R (B7RLE was renamed to B290RLE), and is often used in BRS and BRT applications.

Uruguay also was a user of the B7R with three of the Montevidean urban and suburban bus operators buying units to bodywork in multiple companies, the first of these acquisitions were done by UCOT in 2001 with these 48 units being bodied at Busscar with the Busscar Urbanuss Pluss model. UCOT also bought 9 units more in 2007 for its recently inaugurated suburban and interdepartmental branch created in January, with the fusion with another operator named CUTU that were bodyworked by Comil in the Comil Campione Vision 3.25. In 2004 the cooperative COETC acquired 5 B7R chassis bodied at Marcopolo with the Gran Viale body, before buying 10 more in 2005, these being the first to include an LED electronic destination sign of Montevideo, another 10 B7R were bought in 2008 after the fusion of COETC and CODET(from Las Piedras, Uruguay, Canelones) realized August 1, 2007, these chassis were bodied at Marcopolo in the Torino VIP Class body with them starting services December 15, another batch was bought in 2010 (this one of circa 70 units) to body at Mascarello in the Gran Via II body with 36 of them being assigned to suburban lines and the rest to urban lines, an additional unit arrived as gift from Volvo bodied with a Marcopolo Gran Viale BRT body that had to be reworked to standard design by COETC, the other one being a B7RLE chassis bodied with Marcopolo Gran Viale LE body that arrived as a test unit before being bought by COETC. The last Montevidean bus operator to buy B7R chassis was Raincoop that bought 8 chassis with Marcopolo Allegro G6 bodywork in late 2007 before buying 9 more to bodywork at Caio with Foz Super body in 2008 for suburban use presented the day March 26, with 4 of the 8 chassis with Marcopolo Allegro G6 bodywork being bought by UCOT after Raincoop bankruptcy with another 4 Marcopolo Allegro G6 and the 9 Caio Foz Super being either sold to particulars, non-Montevideo operators or scrapped; beyond Montevideo multiple operators bought this chassos with 10 units with Busscar El Buss 340 bodywork arriving for suburban use for Tala-Pando-Montevideo and an unknown number of units of this chassis being acquired by "interdepartmental" operators like CITA SA (Comil Campione Vision 3.25 and Marcopolo Idealle 770 bodywork), Grupo Carminatti (composed of Carminatti Turismo and CUT Corporación,with Marcopolo Viaggio G7 1050 bodywork), Cromin/"Rutas del Sol" (Marcopolo Viaggio G6 1050 bodywork), etc. with many of these units being retired because old age and stress damage.

In the Philippines, B7R is also the basis for the GDW6127HKC and DMMW DM16 (included a Volvo 9800-styled front fascia) manufactured by Autodelta Coach Builders Inc and Del Monte Motor Works. It is similar to the low-end version, also the B7RLE.

Meanwhile, in Indonesia, the Volvo B7R was only offered from 2003 to 2004. But there are many bus companies that use the Volvo B7R, such as PO. Harapan Jaya, PO. Nusantara, etc. In the operation, this bus was sometimes used as the regular route and sometimes used as a tourist bus. Using the Volvo D7E, this bus has large horsepower, compared with standard Indonesian busses in the rear-engined busses, such as Hino RK8JSKA, Hino RG1JS/JN, Mercedes Benz OH 1521, and Mercedes Benz OH 1525. But due to its large power and high maintenance, many companies that were using the B7R sold the bus or changed the D7E engine into a Mitsubishi Fuso 6D16 engine or Nissan Diesel FE6B or Hino J08E to reducing operational and maintenance cost.

title: Volvo B7R


text:
User talk:Gparker

Western Schism
I hope you don't mind that I made your timeline a template. Could you add a link to the Western Schism article where the word Western Schism appears? I was unable to do this for some reason. savidan(talk) (e@) 18:35, 26 June 2006 (UTC)
 * > Done. I moved the title out of the timeline itself, because adding the link directly didn't draw correctly. This looks nicer, too. gparker 06:32, 29 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Yeah, I like what you've done with the title. Are all the other links fuzzy because theres like the linked text and then the unlinked text underneath them? Is that a function of the way MediaWiki does bar graphs or done for some other reason. I was going to suggest linking Avignon to Avignon Papacy etc., but that might be too hard under the current scheme. savidan(talk) (e@) 18:50, 29 June 2006 (UTC)

File:Self-healing ring.gif listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Self-healing ring.gif, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Kelly hi! 16:16, 23 December 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gparker


text:
Aguán River

The Aguán River ; also commonly known by its Spanish name, Rio Aguán) is a river in Honduras. It rises in the Yoro region to the west of San Lorenzo and briefly runs south before turning east-northeast, passing San Lorenzo, Olanchito and Tocoa before entering the Caribbean Sea east of Puerto Castilla.

The river is 240 km long. In 1998 Hurricane Mitch caused to the river to burst its banks at several points along its length. The maximal discharge at Sabá was estimated at almost 20000 m3/s. The village of Santa Rosa de Aguán was washed away by the river, causing dozens of deaths.

The Aguán River's watershed is one of seven watersheds in Honduras, and covers over 1 e6ha, of which around 200,000 are in the Aguán River Valley. The Aguán River Valley includes the major agricultural area of Bajo Aguán.

title: Aguán River


text:
Category talk:Baseball leagues

Eastern Shore Baseball League
could somebody add the Eastern Shore Baseball League to the listing? i can't get it to.

title: Category talk:Baseball leagues


text:
Apophasis

Apophasis  is a rhetorical device wherein the speaker or writer brings up a subject by either denying it, or denying that it should be brought up. Accordingly, it can be seen as a rhetorical relative of irony.

The device is also called paralipsis (παράλειψις) – also spelled paraleipsis or paralepsis – or occupatio or occultatio,   and known also as praeteritio, preterition, or parasiopesis (παρασιώπησις).

Usage
As a rhetorical device, apophasis can serve several purposes. For example, It can be employed to raise an ad hominem or otherwise controversial attack while disclaiming responsibility for it, as in, "I refuse to discuss the rumor that my opponent is a drunk." This can make it a favored tactic in politics.

Apophasis can be used passive-aggressively, as in, "I forgive you for your jealousy, so I won't even mention what a betrayal it was."

In Cicero's "Pro Caelio" speech, he says to a prosecutor, "Obliviscor iam iniurias tuas, Clodia, depono memoriam doloris mei" ("I now forget your wrongs, Clodia, I set aside the memory of my pain [that you caused].")

Apophasis can be used to discuss a taboo subject, as in, "We are all fully loyal to the emperor, so we wouldn't dare to claim that his new clothes are a transparent hoax."

As a rhetorical device, it can serve various purposes, often dependent on the relationship of the speaker to the addressee and the extent of their shared knowledge. Apophasis is rarely literal; instead, it conveys meaning through implications that may depend on this context. As an example of how meaning shifts, the English phrase "needless to say" invokes shared understanding, but its actual meaning depends on whether that understanding was really shared. The speaker is alleging that it is not necessary to say something because the addressee already knows it, but this may not be true. If it is, it may merely emphasize a pertinent fact. If the knowledge is weighted with history, it may be an indirect way of levying an accusation ("needless to say, because you are responsible"). If the addressee does not actually already possess the knowledge, it may be a way to condescend: the speaker suspected as much but wanted to call attention to the addressee's ignorance. Conversely, it could be a sincere and polite way to share necessary information that the addressee may or may not know without implying that the addressee is ignorant. For example, to highlight a spelling error, instead of pointing out the error one could simply use the word in passing, spelled correctly.

Apophasis can serve to politely avoid the suggestion of ignorance on the part of an audience, as found in the narrative style of Adso of Melk in Umberto Eco's The Name of the Rose, where the character fills in details of early fourteenth-century history for the reader by stating it is unnecessary to speak of them. Conversely, the same introduction can be made sarcastically to condescend to an audience and imply their ignorance.

Another diplomatic use would be to raise a criticism indirectly, as in, "It would be out of line for me to say that this action would be unwise and unaffordable, sir, as I only care about your best interests."

As the rhetorician Jennifer Mercieca has observed, apophasis can be used to deflect criticism. It can also be an effective device for spreading misinformation and conspiracy theories, because speakers can employ it to avoid taking responsibility for what they say.

Examples
When apophasis is taken to its extreme, the speaker provides full details, stating or drawing attention to something in the very act of pretending to pass it over: "I will not stoop to mentioning the occasion last winter when our esteemed opponent was found asleep in an alleyway with an empty bottle of vodka still pressed to his lips."

In the second debate of the 1984 U.S. presidential campaign, Ronald Reagan used a humorous apophasis to deflect scrutiny of his own fitness at age 73 by replying, "I will not make age an issue of this campaign. I am not going to exploit, for political purposes, my opponent's youth and inexperience." In 1988, he applied a harsher apophasis toward George H. W. Bush's opponent Michael Dukakis, who was rumored to have received psychological treatment, "Look, I'm not going to pick on an invalid."

Former United States President Donald Trump frequently employs apophasis. In 2015, Trump said of fellow Republican presidential candidate and former Hewlett-Packard CEO Carly Fiorina, "I promised I would not say that she ran Hewlett-Packard into the ground, that she laid off tens of thousands of people and she got viciously fired. I said I will not say it, so I will not say it." In 2016, he tweeted of journalist Megyn Kelly, "I refuse to call [her] a bimbo because that would not be politically correct." In 2017, as president, he tweeted of the leader of North Korea, "Why would Kim Jong-un insult me by calling me 'old', when I would NEVER call him 'short and fat'?". In light of a potential presidential bid by Republican Florida governor Ron DeSantis, Trump claimed he would not use the name "Meatball Ron" in reference to him.

During Prohibition, a grape concentrate brick called Vine-Glo was sold with the warning, "After dissolving the brick in a gallon of water, do not place the liquid in a jug away in the cupboard for twenty days, because then it would turn into wine."

General and cited references

 * Lanham, Richard A. (1991) [1967]. A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms (Second Edition). University of California Press. p. 104 (as occultatio). ISBN 9780520273689
 * Lanham, Richard A. (1991) [1967]. A Handlist of Rhetorical Terms (Second Edition). University of California Press. p. 104 (as occultatio). ISBN 9780520273689

title: Apophasis


text:
National Monument (Malaysia)

The Tugu Negara is a national monument that commemorates those who died in Malaysia's struggle for freedom, principally against the Japanese occupation during World War II and the Malayan Emergency, which lasted from 1948 until 1960. It is located in the Federal capital, Kuala Lumpur. The Malaysian Houses of Parliament is situated near the monument.

It is the world's tallest bronze freestanding sculpture grouping. Until 2010, on 31 July on Warriors' Day, the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the Prime Minister, and the heads of the Malaysian Armed Forces and the Royal Malaysia Police pay their respects to the fallen heroes by laying garlands at the monument. Warriors' Day is now commemorated on Merdeka Square, after ultra-conservative religious bureaucrats declared the sculpture to be idolatrous.

Kuala Lumpur Cenotaph

The predecessor of the Tugu Negara is an interwar-era cenotaph originally erected by the colonial British administration on a 10m flat grass-covered ground on a roundabout adjoining Victory Avenue (now part of Jalan Sultan Hishamuddin) and Raja Road, close to the Kuala Lumpur Railway Station and Railway Administration Building. Originally intended to commemorate the Great War (1914–1918) and honour those from the British Malayan colonies who were killed in the war, the cenotaph's inscription would later include fallen British Malayan soldiers of World War II (1939–1945) after its and resumption of British rule. Names of the fallen are engraved on plaques of the cenotaph as a tribute to their sacrifices.

In 1964, the cenotaph was moved from its original location to the site of the National Monument in Lake Gardens before a planned flyover connecting Jalan Sultan Hishamuddin and the Parliament roundabout was constructed over the original site. The transfer of the cenotaph was done by dismantling the structure into catalogued parts, allowing it to be transported in pieces and reassembled at its new location. Following its move, inscriptions were added to include fallen soldiers from the Malayan Emergency (1948–1960) and a Malay translation in pre-1972 Za'aba Spelling: "To Our Glorious Dead", "Untuk Mengingati Jasa Pahlawan-pahlawan Yang Gugor" ("To Remember the Service of Warriors Who Have Fallen").

The monument is depicted on several Malaysian 1 Ringgit banknotes issued between 1982 and 1989.

National Monument
The concept of a national monument was mooted by Malaysia's first Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman, who was inspired by the Marine Corps War Memorial during his visit to the United States in October 1960, before personally meeting Felix de Weldon for a favour to design the monument.

Felix de Weldon contributed in creating Malaysia's Tugu Negara (National Monument). He also designed the Iwo Jima Memorial located at Arlington, Washington DC.

The Tugu Negara was completed and officially opened on 8 February 1966, by Ismail Nasiruddin of Terengganu, then Yang di-Pertuan Agong. It was proclaimed a memorial park dedicated to the 11,000 people who died during the 12-year Malayan Emergency (1948–1960). Thereafter, a wreath-laying ceremony takes place at the monument every 31 July on Warriors Day. De Weldon was later conferred with the title Tan Sri, the Malaysian equivalent of a high-ranking knighthood.

On 27 August 1975, the monument suffered extensive damage due to an explosion set off by a communist guerrilla. It has since been restored to its original state by a four-person team led by Australian sculptor and Universiti Teknologi MARA lecturer, Christopher Carney. The renovated statues were reunveiled on 11 May 1977. A fence was then erected and the complex was declared a protected area between sunset and dawn. Every day at dawn, a soldier raises the national flag and lowers it at dusk.

Minister in the Prime Minister's Department Jamil Khir Baharom has stated that from 2010, the Warriors' Day commemoration service would be held elsewhere after Malaysia's National Fatwa Council guidelines declared the statues "un-Islamic" and potentially idolatrous. Defence Minister Zahid Hamidi added that a new "Warrior's Square" would be built in the country's administrative capital Putrajaya. When asked why the decision was made only after almost four decades of celebrating Warriors' Day at the present site, Jamil evaded comment, saying "Alhamdulillah, we are serious in solving this issue". A similar sentiment would later be echoed in September 2016 by Harussani Zakaria, a Perak-based mufti, who declared that the construction of the monument had been a "big sin" and "idolatrous", because building monuments in the shape of humans was haram in Islam.

Design
Commissioned in 1963 and constructed in 1966, the sculpture that stands as a centrepiece of the monument is 15 meters (49.21 feet) tall, made of bronze and was designed by Austrian sculptor Felix de Weldon, who was also responsible for the Marine Corps War Memorial in Virginia, United States.

The sculpture depicts 7 figures, 5 of the figures (1. holding the Malaysian flag, 2. armed with a rifle and bayonet (left), 3. armed with a machine gun (right), 4. soldiers tending to fifth wounded compatriot) represents the victorious allied forces while the other 2 figures that lie on the ground represents that of the defeated communist forces.

Overall the monument depicts the victory of the forces of democracy, peace and freedom over that of communism. The sculpture was then cast at a foundry in Rome at a cost of RM600,000.

Each of the bronze figures symbolises leadership, suffering, unity, vigilance, strength, courage and sacrifice. The stones that the soldiers are standing on were imported from the small coastal city of Karlshamn in south eastern Sweden.

The granite base of the sculpture bears the Malayan Coat of Arms, flanked on either side by inscriptions in English, Latin script, and also in Malay in Jawi script: "Dedicated to the heroic fighters in the cause of peace and freedom, May the blessing of Allah be upon them"

Jalan Tugu
Jalan Tugu, originally known as Cenotaph Road, refers to a road which was laid out following the completion of the cenotaph and adjoins the original cenotaph roundabout. The road was renamed to a direct Malay translation of the English name following a street renaming campaign during the 1960s, and continues to carry this name, as of 2013. The road runs parallel to the Kuala Lumpur Railway Station, and is located opposite the Railway Administration Building and National Mosque.

title: National Monument (Malaysia)


text:
Charles Horace Mayo

Charles Horace Mayo (July 19, 1865 – May 26, 1939) was an American medical practitioner and was one of the founders of the Mayo Clinic along with his brother William James Mayo, Augustus Stinchfield, Christopher Graham, Edward Star Judd Jr., Henry Stanley Plummer, Melvin Millet, and Donald Balfour.

Career
Charles graduated with his M.D. from the medical school of Northwestern University in 1888 and after postgraduate studies at the New York Polyclinic Medical School joined his father, William Worrall Mayo, and older brother, William James Mayo, in their private medical practice in Rochester, Minnesota.

The Mayos' first partner was Augustus Stinchfield, who was hired by William Worrall Mayo. Once in place as a partner in the private practice, W. W. Mayo retired at age 73. The private practice became the not-for-profit Mayo Clinic in 1919. At that point, the remaining partners went on salary, and the Mayo Properties Association was established. The world's first "integrated group practice" was established by the seven partners and staff.

The Mayo Clinic came to be regarded as one of the foremost medical treatment and research institutions in the world. Within Mayo's lifetime, it registered one million patients.

The idea of medical specialization was developed by this group of medical pioneers. A close and enduring relationship between the Mayo Clinic and the University of Minnesota Medical School developed. C. H. Mayo specialized in surgery of the thyroid and nervous system.

He was also responsible for the clinic's ophthalmic patients until 1908. He and early partners insisted on sterile conditions in the operating room, and that was one of many factors that contributed to the medical practice's early surgical successes.

Charles H. Mayo was professionally active in numerous medical and academic bodies. He was successively President of the Western Surgical Association (1904–1905), President of the Minnesota State Medical Association (1905–1906), President of the Section on Surgery of the International Congress on Tuberculosis (1908–1909), and President of the Clinical Congress of Surgeons of North America (1911–1912). In 1913, he became a Regent and Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, serving as its president from 1923 to 1925. He was President of the American Medical Association in 1916–1917, President of the Section on General Surgery of the Pan-American Medical Association from 1932 to 1934, and of the Minnesota Public Health Association from 1932 to 1936, becoming its Honorary President in 1936.

During World War I, Mayo and his brother served as chief surgical consultants for the U.S. Army. Commissioned a colonel in 1917, in 1921 he was commissioned brigadier general in the Officers' Reserve Corps of the U.S. Army, and subsequently held rank as brigadier general in the Army Medical Department (from 1926) and as brigadier general in the Auxiliary Army of the United States from 1931. From 1919 to 1936, when he retired, he was a member of the Senate of the University of Minnesota and professor of surgery in the UMN medical school.

Charles H. Mayo was engaged in numerous civic organizations. He was a professor of surgery at the University of Minnesota, active there and nationally in both Alpha Kappa Kappa and Sigma Xi fraternities.

Personal life
Charles Mayo's wife was Edith Graham, of Rochester, MN, whom he married in 1893. He belonged to the Episcopal church, and was a Freemason and member of Rochester Lodge #21 of the Grand Lodge of Minnesota, AF&AM, a Knight Templar, Scottish Rite Mason and Shriner, a Kiwanis, and was active in numerous other professional, civic and social clubs.

Mayo retired in 1930 and died of pneumonia in 1939 in Chicago, Illinois. His two sons Charles William Mayo and Joseph Graham Mayo both worked at the clinic. Joseph Graham Mayo was killed in November 1936 in an accident when a train hit his car killing him and his hunting dog, Floosie. Mayo and his dog were buried in the same casket. A grandson, Charles Horace Mayo II, served a residency at the clinic.

Recognition
Mayo received numerous distinctions both during and after his life:
 * Army Distinguished Service Medal (1920)
 * Officer of the Legion of Honour of France (1925)
 * Officer of the Order of Public Instruction (Golden Palms) of France (1925)
 * Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters of France (1925)
 * Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy (1932)
 * The United States Postal Service released a stamp on September 11, 1964, depicting Charles Horace Mayo and his brother.

title: Charles Horace Mayo


text:
Lhasa de Sela

Lhasa de Sela (September 27, 1972 – January 1, 2010), also known by the mononym Lhasa, was an American-Canadian singer-songwriter who was raised in Mexico and the United States and divided her adult life between Canada and France. Her first album, La Llorona, went Platinum in Canada and brought Lhasa a Félix Award and a Juno Award.

Following this success, Lhasa toured with Lilith Fair and then joined her sisters in a French circus troupe, contributing her husky voice to the musical backdrop. She lived in Marseille and began to write more songs, then she moved back to Montreal and produced a second album, The Living Road. Once again, she toured in support of her album and collaborated with other musicians on their projects. During this time, BBC Radio 3 honoured her as the best world music artist of the Americas in 2005. She published a book about her impressions of life on the road.

Lhasa recorded a third album, titled Lhasa, but she was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2008. After 21 months of treatment, she died on New Year's Day 2010. A memorial program of her music was produced in January 2012, performed in Montreal by artists who had worked with her.

Early life
Lhasa was born in Big Indian, New York, the daughter of a Mexican father, language instructor Alejandro "Alex" Sela, and an American mother, photographer and actress Alexandra Karam. According to Lhasa, her parents did not give her a name until the age of five months; her mother was reading a book about Tibet and the word Lhasa "just grabbed her" as the right name for the baby girl. Lhasa's maternal grandmother was Elena Karam (1909–2001), an actress best known for her leading role in Elia Kazan's film America America. Her paternal grandmother was Carmen de Obarrio (1906–1982), a Panamanian pianist who studied in Los Angeles with Egon Petri, and with Edgar Varèse in San Francisco. Lhasa had a Lebanese great-grandfather named Basel who sang in six languages. Her mother played harp and her father played flute. Her first decade was spent criss-crossing the United States and Mexico, living and traveling in a converted school bus with her parents and siblings, home-schooled by her mother. Both her parents spoke fluent Spanish, but she was raised speaking primarily English, with Spanish added during a total of eight years' residence in Mexico. Along with her family she listened to a wide variety of recordings including songs by Chilean musician Victor Jara. As a child, she dreamed of marrying him some day, not knowing he had been killed.

At age 13 when her parents separated, Lhasa, her mother and her sisters settled in San Francisco where Lhasa started singing in a Greek cafe. She included Spanish language lessons in her high school studies. After viewing a documentary about Billie Holiday, Lhasa determined that she, too, would make a career in singing.

In 1991, she traveled to Montreal, Quebec, Canada to visit her sisters who were students at l'École nationale de cirque, the National Circus School of Canada, and she decided to make Montreal her home. Developing an interest in Francophone culture, she sang for five years in bars, collaborating with rock guitarist Yves Desrosiers. In 1992, Denis Wolff, general manager of the independent Canadian record company, Audiogram, saw Lhasa performing, her head shaved, in front of a tiny nightclub audience. He was struck with "her personality, her charisma and her voice" – he soon signed her to the label. With Desrosiers she developed the material that eventually became her first album.

Career
Audiogram finished La Llorona in early 1997 with Desrosiers producing, arranging and accompanying. The Spanish-language album mixed 1930s and 1940s-era Latin American songs with original songs; it was strongly influenced by Mexican music but also by klezmer, torch songs, gypsy jazz and Middle Eastern music. Even though she did not consider herself fluent in Spanish, Lhasa said that she enjoyed singing in the language because it came from "a deeper place". Wolff said that he expected the album to be marketed to people other than Spanish speakers because it was so different from contemporary Hispanic music.

La Llorona was released first in Quebec on February 4, 1997, then in the US two months later. A music video was shot for one song, "El Desierto", released in May. The album brought Lhasa much success, including the Quebec Félix Award in Canada for "Artiste québécois – musique du monde" ("Best world music artist from Quebec") in 1997 and a Canadian Juno Award for Best Global Artist in 1998. The album was certified Platinum in Canada. By 2003, it had sold 120,000 units in Canada, 330,000 in France, and 30,000 in the U.S.

After touring in Europe and North America for several years with Lilith Fair, Lhasa moved to France in 1999 to join her sisters in Pocheros, a circus/theatre company. Lhasa sang in the troupe's show called "La Maison Autre" ("The Other House"). Living out of trailers with her sisters and traveling from place to place, Lhasa said it was "like when I was growing up." She eventually reached Marseille, where she started writing songs again. After composing enough material, Lhasa returned to Montreal with her new songs to produce her second album, The Living Road, which was released in 2003. While La Llorona had been entirely in Spanish, The Living Road included songs in English, French and Spanish.

A two-year tour followed the release of The Living Road, taking Lhasa and her group to 17 countries. Lhasa collaborated with a variety of other artists. She was a guest singer on the Tindersticks' track "Sometimes It Hurts" off their Waiting for the Moon album, and later joined Tindersticks' singer Stuart Staples for a duet on the track "That Leaving Feeling", found on his Leaving Songs album. She also appeared as a guest on the albums of French singers Arthur H and Jérôme Minière, and the French gypsy music group Bratsch. BBC Radio 3 named her the best world music artist of the Americas; one of the categories of the 2005 World Music Awards. The Living Road was nominated for best "Culture Crossing" album and "Album of the Year", but it did not win. Her song "Anywhere On This Road" was placed on the annual compilation CD of award winners; the BBC cited Ibrahim Maalouf's "alluring Arabic trumpet" on the song as "just one stunning moment" among many within Lhasa's album. Lhasa filmed a video for the song "Con toda palabra"; directed by Ralph Dfouni and Brigitte Henry, the video was nominated in 2006 for a Juno Award but did not win. At the 2007 ION International Film Festival, the video was named the "Music Video of the Year".

Lhasa published a French-language book in 2008, titled La Route chante (The Road sings). The book offers snippets of experiences and impressions of Lhasa's life on the road with her sisters, of music, and of her childhood.

Lhasa's third album Lhasa was released in April 2009 in Canada and Europe, with fewer musicians involved in the production. The album was recorded while Lhasa was being treated for breast cancer. The album's closing song, "Anyone and Everyone", was described as prophetic by Jan Fairley of The Guardian – it was written from the viewpoint of one who knows death is near. Lhasa said that the song was about inner happiness and "feeling my feet in the earth, having a place in the world, of things taking care of themselves." In May 2009, her collaboration with Patrick Watson was released: the song "Wooden Arms" on his album Wooden Arms.

Because of her illness, Lhasa canceled a proposed world tour that would have begun in late 2009. She also set aside plans to make an album of songs written by Chileans Victor Jara and Violeta Parra.

Death
Following a 21-month-long battle with breast cancer, Lhasa died, age 37, on the evening of January 1, 2010, at her home in Montreal. She was survived by her partner Ryan Morey, by her parents, and by nine siblings. Lhasa was cremated, in accordance with her wishes. On January 9, a funeral ceremony was held for family and friends at the Ukrainian National Federation Hall in Montreal. A cemetery plot and stone for Lhasa are at Notre-Dame-des-Neiges Cemetery, Montreal.

Following her death, it snowed in Montreal for four days. Lhasa collaborator Patrick Watson said that some of her friends felt it was a last message from her, and with experimental group Esmerine he co-wrote a song dedicated to Lhasa: "Snow Day for Lhasa".

A sold-out memorial concert called "La Route chante: A Community Show for Lhasa" was held on January 6, 2012, at the Rialto Theatre in Montreal, honoring the life of Lhasa. Musicians who collaborated with Lhasa performed, along with other artists such as Katie Moore, Thomas Hellman, and Plants and Animals. Lhasa's manager, David-Étienne Savoie, and her collaborator Watson originated the concept of a memorial concert, and the musicians met in Watson's studio to rehearse. To open the concert, the Barr Brothers played together with Sarah Pagé, Miles Perkin and Joe Grass, interpreting Lhasa's "Small Song". Other performers included Ariane Moffatt, Esmerine, Watson, Mario Légaré, Arthur H, Jérôme Minière and Brazilian-born singer Bïa. A second show was added the following night to accommodate demand for tickets.

On January 16, Jim Corcoran devoted an episode of his CBC Radio One program À Propos, a weekly show about Quebec music, to a Lhasa tribute show.

On the summer solstice, June 21, 2010, another memorial ceremony took place in Bourgogne, France. Some of Lhasa's ashes were dispersed in a small river that flows into the Mediterranean Sea.

Madonna Hamel's audio documentary She Moves Between Worlds: Remembering Lhasa de Sela combined a previously unpublished conversation between Hamel and Lhasa with interviews and responses to the conversation by band members and friends. The documentary was aired January 1, 2013, on CBC's Inside The Music.

In 2014, a park located in her home neighbourhood Mile End, Montreal, was renamed to commemorate her.

Albums

 * La Llorona (1997)
 * The Living Road (2003)
 * Lhasa (2009)
 * Live in Reykjavik (2017)

Filmography

 * El Desierto (1997)
 * Con toda palabra (2005)
 * Rising (2009)
 * Cold Souls (2009)

title: Lhasa de Sela


text:
William Capel

Sir William Capel (c. 1446-1515) of Capel Court in the parish of St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange in the City of London and of Hadham Hall in the parish of Little Hadham, Hertfordshire, served as Lord Mayor of London and as a Member of Parliament for the City of London.

Origins
He was the son of John Capell (1398–1449) of Stoke-by-Nayland in Suffolk, a member of the Suffolk gentry, whose family had been seated at Capel St. Mary in Suffolk since the 12th century.

Career
William Capel was a member of the Worshipful Company of Drapers, who served as Sheriff of the City of London for 1496, and was twice elected Lord Mayor of London, in 1503 and 1510. He was elected as a Member of Parliament for the City of London from 1511 to 1515.

His London mansion stood in the vicinity of the present London Stock Exchange and of Capel Court (named after him, now a short sidestreet or walkway) in the City of London. He added a south chapel to his parish church of St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange (demolished in 1840) in the City. He purchased the estate of Hadham Hall in the parish of Little Hadham, Hertfordshire, which remained in the Capell family from many generations. A new house was later built there, whether on the site of the old hall or on a new site is uncertain, which became the seat of his Capell descendants from the 1570s onwards.

Marriage and issue
He married Margaret Arundell, a daughter of Sir John Arundell (1421–1473) of Lanherne in Cornwall, by his second wife Katherine Chideocke, by whom he had issue including a son and two daughters:

 * Elizabeth Capell (abt 1480-1558), the first wife of William Paulet, 1st Marquess of Winchester.
 * Giles Capel (abt 1485-1556), son and heir, whose descendants included: Sir Gamaliel Capell (1561-1613), MP, of Rookwood Hall, Abbess Roding, Essex, 4th son of Henry Capell (d.1588), MP, of Little Hadham and of Rayne in Essex, by his wife Katherine Manners, a daughter of Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland; Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham (1604–1649), only son of Sir Henry Capell of Rayne Hall in Essex by his wife Theodosia Montagu, a daughter of Sir Edward Montagu of Boughton House, Northamptonshire; Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex (1631–1683), son of 1st Baron Capell, created Earl of Essex in 1661.
 * Dorothy Capel, the wife of John La Zouche, 8th Lord Zouche

title: William Capel


text:
Sublime Acoustic: Bradley Nowell & Friends

Sublime Acoustic: Bradley Nowell & Friends is an album of mostly acoustic performances by the band Sublime, primarily solo recordings by singer and guitarist Bradley Nowell. It is noted for the fact that it does not include a front insert and that the compact disc is made to look like a recordable CD. Only the 2016 vinyl release has an album cover.

Track listing

 * 1) "Wrong Way" – 0:50
 * 2) "Saw Red" – 2:47
 * 3) "Foolish Fool" – 2:18 (originally performed by Dee Dee Warwick)
 * 4) "Don't Push" – 2:58
 * 5) "Mary/Big Salty Tears" – 4:57 ("Big Salty Tears" originally performed by The Ziggens)
 * 6) "Boss D.J." – 3:05
 * 7) "Garden Grove" – 1:58
 * 8) "Rivers of Babylon" – 2:39 (originally performed by The Melodians)
 * 9) "Little District" – 1:57 (originally performed by Eric "Monty" Morris)
 * 10) "KRS-One" – 3:38
 * 11) "Marley Medley" – 3:00 (originally performed by Bob Marley)
 * 12) "What Happened/Eye of Fatima" – 1:58 ("Eye of Fatima" originally performed by Camper Van Beethoven)
 * 13) "Freeway Time in L.A. County Jail" – 4:23
 * 14) "Pool Shark" – 1:26
 * 15) "It's Who You Know" – 0:44 (originally performed by X)


text:
User:PolkaDot

Avid Wikipedian, yet to make any edits under this User Name. Has made several edits under various IP no.s until I finally decided to register. Has been using Wikipedia since 2003.

title: User:PolkaDot


text:
John Petherick

John Petherick (1813 – 15 July 1882), was a Welsh traveller, trader and consul in East Central Africa.

Life
He was born in Glamorganshire, and adopted the profession of mining engineer.

In 1845 he entered the service of Mehemet Ali, and was employed in examining Upper Egypt, Nubia, the Red Sea coast and Kordofan in an unsuccessful search for coal.

In 1848 Petherick left the Egyptian service and established himself at El Obeid, the capital of Kordofan, as a trader, dealing largely in gum arabic. He was at the same time made British consular agent for the Sudan. In 1853 he moved again to Khartoum and became an ivory trader. He travelled extensively in the Bahr-el-Ghazal region, then almost unknown, exploring the Jur River, Yalo and other affluents of the Bahr el Ghazal river.

In 1858 he penetrated to the Niam-Niam country. His additions to the knowledge of natural history were considerable. Petherick returned to England in 1859 where he made the acquaintance of JH Speke, then arranging for his expedition to discover the source of the Nile. While in England Petherick married, and published an account of his travels.

He returned to the Sudan in 1861, accompanied by his wife and with the rank of consul. He was entrusted with a mission by the Royal Geographical Society to convey to Gondokoro relief stores for captains Speke and Grant. Petherick got boats to Gondokoro in 1862, but Speke and Grant had not arrived. Having arranged for a native force to proceed south to get in touch with the absentees, a task successfully accomplished, Mr and Mrs Petherick undertook another journey in the Bahr-el-Ghazal, making important collections of plants and fishes. They regained Gondokoro (where one of their boats with stores was already stationed) in February 1863, four days after the arrival of Speke and Grant, who had meantime accepted the hospitality of Mr (afterwards Sir) Samuel Baker. Speke later publicly accused Petherick of failing to fulfill his commitment.

Speke and members of the white community in Khartoum also accused Petherick of involvement in the slave trade. In this the Europeans may perversely have been motivated by Petherick's interference in their commercial activities; slavery was deeply entwined with the local economy. Petherick's own business involved collaboration with slavers; he also made some efforts to disrupt slave trading. Despite or because of the complex reality Earl Russell, then secretary for foreign affairs, abolished the British consulate at Khartoum in 1864. Petherick's reputation and finances were badly damaged.

In 1865 the Pethericks returned to England, and in 1869 published Travels in Central Africa and Explorations of the Western Nile Tributaries, in which he set out the details of the Speke controversy.

Petherick died in London on 15 July 1882.

title: John Petherick


text:
User talk:Subversive

Welcome to the Wikipedia
I noticed you were new, and wanted to share some links I thought useful:

 * Tutorial
 * Help desk
 * Foundation issues
 * Policy Library

For more information click  here . You can sign your name by typing 4 tildes, like this: ~.

Sam Spade 10:59, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:59, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Subversive


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Marintle Paval

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 07:04, May 2, 2005 (UTC)

Marintle Paval
Nonsense article. 0 hits in Google. -- Longhair | Talk 10:59, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete -- Longhair | Talk 11:06, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Jshadias 11:09, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, as above. Master Thief Garrett 11:42, 23 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, hoax, created by a vandal. RickK 22:39, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, hoax. Megan1967 04:16, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User talk:Shadow007

I will reply on this page to all messages posted.

Archive.

Capitalization of honorific titles
Thank you for your comment at Talk:Chief executive officer. As you can see, I have withdrawn the RM proposal after considering the issue you raised. However, a related issue is bothering me and I would like your opinion. I assume that you would agree that only one of these two articles has the proper article title: Kentucky colonel and Nebraska Admiral. Which one do you think is correct, and why? —BarrelProof (talk) 17:48, 12 March 2018 (UTC)
 * You need to remember that WP:JOBTITLES is part of the Manual of Style which covers article content, not articles titles. WP:NCCAPS applies to article titles. Whilst consistency is one of the five objectives of article title naming (WP:CRITERIA), the overall objective is to produce the most accurate and natural title based upon English language sources. So the mere fact that the two articles you refer to have different capitalisation does not mean that one is necessarily incorrect. It really comes down to how they are referred to in sources (principally secondary sources but primary sources are relevant too). If the current capitalisation is how they how referred to in all or most sources, then the article titles are right even though they have different capitalisation. Shadow007 (talk) 01:01, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I don't perceive a big difference between what we would do for caps in a title and in the article body – and I especially I doubt we would uppercase every word in a title and not do the same in the body. I think most sources would tend to capitalize these two titles even though they are clearly not proper names – but many sources have a different house style than Wikipedia and tend to overcapitalize in general. I believe many sources would also capitalize chief executive officer, grand prince, lord mayor, grand duke, and prince regent, although Wikipedia does not (at least not generally in the articles with those titles). —BarrelProof (talk) 01:28, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * The point I was making about WP:JOBTITLES is that it is providing a range of examples of how to refer to offices, both specific and generic, in sentences. I think it is wrong to talk about a 'house style' in Wikipedia because, at the end of the day, as an encyclopaedia Wikipedia should reflect not promote. The relevance of sources is going to vary. Sources are very relevant to a single office/position/title such as Kentucky colonel but far less relevant to ordinary English words in a generic office/position/title such as grand duke. I agree that there may well be sources that refer to grand duke generically with capitals but these are going to be less relevant because we are dealing with ordinary english words and not a proper name. Compare e.g. Grand Wizard for a case of ordinary English words referring to a fairly specific office therefore capitalised. I always try to approach these issues on a case by case basis with the broad objectives of the relevant policies and guidelines in mind but without being rigidly focussed on them. There's a lot of WP:COMMONSENSE involved. You may wish to investigate the sources relating to Kentucky colonel and if they clearly favour a different title you could propose a WP:RM but my view would be that no move is justified simply because other positions, e.g. Nebraska Admiral (isn't that state landlocked??), are fully capitalised. Shadow007 (talk) 02:44, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Thank you for the further reply. We seem to have some difference of opinion about having a "house style". Yes, Nebraska is thoroughly landlocked. The Nebraska Admiral article refers to it as "the only triply landlocked U.S. state." Apparently, when bestowing honorific titles, Nebraska does not take itself too seriously. —BarrelProof (talk) 05:51, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * No worries. "House style" is just not a term I like probably because I associate it with font, spacing and justification debates in documents I use at work! To the extent that we should strive for consistency, which is a form of "house style" that is important but not the only important criterion. E.g. if no primary or secondary source referred to a Kentucky colonel as a "Kentucky Colonel" then I would not think that Wikipedia should use caps. Shadow007 (talk) 06:00, 13 March 2018 (UTC)
 * I received the same question, so will reply here to centralize discussion. We would capitalize in these cases because the articles are about the title as such; they are not being used descriptively.  It's the difference between "Donald Trump is the weirdest American president, ever" and "Donald Trump was elected to the office of President of the United States." This really has nothing to do with Chief executive officer which is a generic job title and would never be capitalized at all (in encyclopedic versus marketing style) except when glued to an individual name.  — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  23:35, 14 March 2018 (UTC)
 * Thanks. I dug through the cited sources in that article and I also found that all of them appear to capitalize both words, so this seems pretty solid. I self-reverted after what happened with CEO, but at this point I think I'll proceed to uppercase the KC article. —BarrelProof (talk) 02:18, 15 March 2018 (UTC)
 * It's basically an award, and as such it's a proper name when addressed as the award itself. E.g. Academy Award, Nobel Prize, Congressional Medal of Honor, Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire, etc..  — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  15:37, 16 March 2018 (UTC)

Talk:2018 AFL season
Dear User:Shadow007

As a member of the "WikiProject Australian rules football" it would be good to hear your opinion on a current debate occurring on the 2018 AFL season talk page.

The debate centres around whether or not a third column should be included in the club attendance table to display "home state games vs. interstate opposition".

The main justification is that Victorian clubs play on average 7 home derbies each year compared to non-victorian clubs who play only 1 home derby each year. This provides an average home figure for Victorian clubs which is inflated as their home games have the fans of other Victorian clubs attending.

Please provide whether you support or oppose this proposal for the third column in AFL Club attendance tables.

Sincerely:Thejoebloggsblog (talk) 05:49, 17 April 2018 (UTC)

Disambiguation link notification for July 22
Hi. Thank you for your recent edits. An automated process has detected that when you recently edited Storyteller (Alfie Boe album), you added a link pointing to the disambiguation page It's Now or Never ([//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dablinks.py/Storyteller_%28Alfie_Boe_album%29 check to confirm] | [//dispenser.info.tm/~dispenser/cgi-bin/dab_solver.py/Storyteller_%28Alfie_Boe_album%29?client=notify fix with Dab solver]). Such links are usually incorrect, since a disambiguation page is merely a list of unrelated topics with similar titles. (Read the FAQ* Join us at the DPL WikiProject.)

It's OK to remove this message. Also, to stop receiving these messages, follow these opt-out instructions. Thanks, DPL bot (talk) 08:47, 22 July 2019 (UTC)

Invite to Join WikiProject for Spoken Wikipedia
Sent by MediaWiki message delivery (talk) on behalf of WikiProject Spoken Wikipedia at 11:42, 16 May 2020 (UTC).

Updates to Spoken Wikipedia
Hello ! I hope this message finds you well and healthy! I am working this weekend on the Spoken Wikipedia project pages to get them in line with other projects. I just wanted to inform you in advance that some pages may be created. deleted, moved, or otherwise. If you have any questions, please feel free to post them on my talk page. Thanks, Galendalia (talk) 16:41, 23 May 2020 (UTC) WikiProject Spoken Wikipedia Coordinator

Charles III requested move discussion
There is a new requested move discussion in progress for the Charles III article. Since you participated in the previous discussion, I thought you might like to know about this one. Cheers. Rreagan007 (talk) 06:23, 24 July 2023 (UTC)

Other British monarch requested move discussions currently taking place
Since you recently participated in the Charles III requested move discussion, I thought you might like to know that there are two other discussions currently going on about other British monarch article titles here and here. Cheers. Rreagan007 (talk) 22:28, 30 July 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Shadow007