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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Abagnale

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete (pending; block-compress error). Mindspillage (spill yours?) 18:15, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Abagnale
Advertisement/ no chance of becoming encyclopedic 128.227.3.97 02:18, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, band vanity. Megan1967 07:45, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Band vanity Dsmdgold 10:55, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete this vanity junk --Coolcaesar 19:07, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Utne

Utne is a village in Ullensvang municipality in the Hardanger region of Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the northern end of the Folgefonn Peninsula, at the confluence of the Sørfjorden and Hardangerfjorden. The village is the site of Utne Church. The village of Alsåker lies about 10 km to the west on the northern shore of the peninsula and the village of Vikebygd lies about 20 km to the south along the eastern shore of the peninsula.

Utne is a ferry port with regular ferry routes from Kinsarvik to Kvanndal via Utne, connecting the two sides of the fjord. Utne is also home to the Utne Hotel, Norway's oldest hotel in continuous operation, founded in 1722.

Name
Utne, in Norwegian, probably has some pre-Germanic elements (i.e. before approx. 200 CE). Other place-names in the area also has an element of pre-Germanic and unknown origins. It has been suggested that it derives from "Út-tún", meaning the hamlet or farmstead that is "out". This fits with the village's position at the tip of a peninsula that sticks out into the Hardangerfjorden. This is however uncertain.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Utne


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Talk:Guildford pub bombings

Guildford Four
The word "overturned" in reference to the sentences of the "Guildford Four" is a bit tame. No mention of the story of Conlon and the atrocities that occurred. [Comment added by 68.9.195.151 02:19, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)]
 * What extra material would you expect to find here? Conlon's story is covered in Guildford Four Why repeat it here? --Theo (Talk) 00:00, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Number injured
I'm a little confused as to why there are two values for the number of injured. The number given in the BBC News on this day article (In Context section) linked from this article contradicts the number given for "BBC News" but agrees with the other given by the Telegraph. I'll correct this shortly unless there's any other comment.--Sully 22:30, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

Move & redirect
Should be Guildford Pub Bombings.86.16.117.32 07:25, 26 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Nope. Correct the way it is per WP:MOS.GiollaUidir 18:28, 21 August 2007 (UTC)

Gang
It's not a perjorative term, it's the name of the group, unlike the practially made-up name being used. One Night In Hackney 303  22:18, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

"Memorial"
While I don't much care either way, why is it that a list of the victims here is not allowed, it being viewed as a memorial, but the list of victims is displayed very prominently in Bloody Sunday (1972)? Is there a large underlying difference I'm missing, or is it inconsistent? -R. fiend (talk) 20:26, 5 April 2008 (UTC)

An Phoblacht
QS, I don't see this being a problem anywhere else. What gives? Gob Lofa (talk) 23:57, 2 November 2015 (UTC)

 * Actually it is problematic, and the use of AP as a source has been the subject of contention and debate. I doubt there is anything of encyclopedic value in AP that cannot be found in reliable sources not operated and/or edited by the 'RA's Army Council. Yours, Quis separabit?  00:49, 3 November 2015 (UTC)

 * Balderdash. Gob Lofa (talk) 07:33, 3 November 2015 (UTC)
 * Only somewhat of an outsider here...but..given the government censorship in the years of context (both British and Irish) can one claim, say, that BBC was reliable on this issue? Juan Riley (talk) 21:36, 11 November 2015 (UTC)

 * @Juan Riley: And An Poblacht was not self-censoring? Did AN/RP ever interview a non-SF politician or the family of a non-republican/nationalist victim? There are more than enough sources to garner reliable information from digitally than there were in 1995 or 2000. By the way, I get the reference to the San Patricio from Clifden. Quis separabit?  21:57, 11 November 2015 (UTC)

 * You didn't answer Juan's question, QS. Gob Lofa (talk) 22:00, 11 November 2015 (UTC)

 * I was only noting that there are no innocents here. (Well that and my first confusion when I thought you were talking about Associated Press as AP.) Does it matter where the censorship came from? Can one point a finger at An Phoblacht for being unbalanced in what they did report (perhaps from self-censorship), and then not fairly point a finger at BBC for being unbalanced given what they did not report (perhaps coz of Maggie et al)? A shame on both their houses. But don't wave a yellow flag of journalism at only one. Juan Riley (talk) 22:10, 11 November 2015 (UTC)

 * QS? Gob Lofa (talk) 13:22, 17 November 2015 (UTC)

Violation of WP:BLP removed
The Balcombe Street Gang were not convicted of crimes this article accused them off. See Talk:Balcombe Street Gang, Time Bomb: Irish Bombers, English Justice and the Guildford Four by Grant McKee and Ros Franey page 371 The most significant omission lay in the fact that while the original list had included offences dating back to August 1974, the refined list referred to no offence before December 1974. FDW777 (talk) 21:09, 27 November 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Guildford pub bombings


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Sarah Kuttner – Die Show

Sarah Kuttner – Die Show was a German television talk show that ran on VIVA and was then transferred to MTV under the title "Kuttner." in mid-2005. It ran from 2 August 2004 to 3 August 2006.

Hosted by Sarah Kuttner, it was a more youthful variation on the traditional late show concept with a sidekick,, and various national as well as international celebrity guests. The show also featured humorous reports by Michael Wigge and, its own band and musical guests performing live on stage.

When MTV took over other German music channel VIVA in 2004, it was suggested, the show would be cancelled, which drew massive protests from fans. It was then cut from four shows per week to just two shows and later transferred to MTV and renamed Kuttner. Production was relocated from Cologne to Berlin.

MTV cancelled Kuttner. in summer 2006 due to low ratings and high production costs.

title: Sarah Kuttner – Die Show


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Lodi dynasty

The Lodi dynasty (Pashto: د لوديانو سلسله) was the ruling dynasty of the Sultanate of Delhi from 1451 to 1526. It was the fifth and final dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate, and was founded by Bahlul Khan Lodi when he replaced the Sayyid dynasty.

Bahlul Lodi
Following the reign of the Sayyids, the Afghan or Turco-Afghan Lodi dynasty gained the sultanate. Bahlul Khan Lodi ((r. 1451 – 1489)) was the nephew and son-in-law of Malik Sultan Shah Lodi, the governor of Sirhind in (Punjab), India and succeeded him as the governor of Sirhind during the reign of Sayyid dynasty ruler Muhammad Shah. Muhammad Shah raised him to the status of a Tarun-Bin-Sultan. He was the most powerful of the Punjab chiefs and a vigorous leader, holding together a loose confederacy of Afghan and Turkish chiefs with his strong personality. He reduced the turbulent chiefs of the provinces to submission and infused some vigour into the government.

After the last Sayyid ruler of Delhi, Alauddin Alam Shah voluntarily abdicated in favour of him, Bahlul Khan Lodi ascended the throne of the Delhi sultanate on 19 April 1451. The most important event of his reign was the conquest of the Jaunpur Sultanate. Bahlul spent most of his time in fighting against the Sharqi dynasty of the Jaunpur Sultanate and ultimately annexed it. He placed his eldest surviving son Barbak on the throne of Jaunpur in 1486. The Sharqis remained in control of Bihar, from which they re-occupied Jaunpur, but were again repulsed to Bihar.

Sikandar Khan Lodi
Sikandar Khan Lodi ((r. 1489 – 1517)) (born Nizam Khan), the second son of Bahlul, succeeded him after his death on 17 July 1489 and took up the title Sikandar Shah. His father nominated him as his successor and he was crowned sultan on 15 July 1489. He founded Agra in 1504 and built mosques. He shifted the capital from Delhi to Agra. He patronized trade and commerce. He was a reputed poet, composing under Guru's pen name. He was also a patron of learning and ordered translations of Sanskrit works in medicine into Persian. He curbed the individualistic tendencies of his Pashtun nobles and compelled them to submit their accounts to a state audit. He was thus able to infuse vigour and discipline in the administration. His greatest achievement was the conquest and annexation of Bihar from the Sharqis.

During conflict and peace, Sikandar felt the urge to destroy temples. He also forbade the yearly procession of the famed Muslim martyr Masud Salar's spear, while forbidding Muslim women from venerating mausoleums of Muslim saints. Sikander allowed the execution of a Brahman, who had held the equal accuracy of his faith compared to Islam.

Ibrahim Lodi

Ibrahim Khan Lodi ((r. 1517 – 1526)), the eldest son of Sikandar, was the last Lodi Sultan of Delhi. He had the qualities of an excellent warrior, but he was rash and impolitic in his decisions and actions. His attempt at royal absolutism was premature and his policy of sheer repression unaccompanied by measures to strengthen the administration and increase the military resources was sure to prove a failure.

Ibrahim faced numerous rebellions and kept out the opposition for almost a decade. He was engaged in warfare with the Afghans and the Timurid Empire for most of his reign and died trying to keep the Lodi dynasty from annihilation. Ibrahim was defeated in 1526 at the Battle of Panipat. This marked the end of the Lodi dynasty and the rise of the Mughal Empire in India led by Babur ((r. 1526 – 1530)).

Fall of the empire
By the time Ibrahim ascended the throne, the political structure in the Lodi dynasty had dissolved due to abandoned trade routes and the depleted treasury. The Deccan was a coastal trade route, but in the late fifteenth century the supply lines had collapsed. The decline and eventual failure of this specific trade route resulted in cutting off supplies from the coast to the interior, where the Lodi empire resided. The Lodi dynasty was not able to protect itself if warfare were to break out on the trade route roads; therefore, they didn't use those trade routes, thus their trade declined and so did their treasury leaving them vulnerable to internal political problems.

In order to take revenge of the insults done by Ibrahim, the governor of Lahore, Daulat Khan Lodi asked the Timurid ruler of Kabul, Babur to invade his kingdom. Ibrahim Lodi was thereafter killed in a battle with Babur, at the Battle of Panipat (1526). With the death of Ibrahim Lodi, the Lodi dynasty also came to an end, leading to the establishment of the Mughal Empire in the subcontinent.

Pashtun factionalism
Another problem Ibrahim faced when he ascended the throne in 1517 were the Pashtun nobles, some of whom supported Ibrahim's older brother, Jalaluddin, in taking up arms against his brother in the area in the east at Jaunpur. Ibrahim gathered military support and defeated his brother by the end of the year. After this incident, he arrested those Pashtun nobles who opposed him and appointed his own men as the new administrators. Other Pashtun nobles supported the governor of Bihar, Dariya Khan, against Ibrahim.

Another factor that caused uprisings against Ibrahim was his lack of an apparent successor. His own uncle, Alam Khan, betrayed Ibrahim by supporting the Mughal invader Babur.

Rajput invasions and internal rebellions
Rana Sanga, the Rajput leader of Mewar ((r. 1509 – 1526)), extended his kingdom, defeated the Lodi king of Delhi and was acknowledged by all the Rajput clans as the leading prince of Rajputana. Daulat Khan, the governor of Punjab region asked Babur to invade the Lodi kingdom, with the thought of taking revenge from Ibrahim Lodi. Rana Sanga also offered his support to Babur to defeat Ibrahim Lodi.

Battle of Panipat, 1526
After being assured of the cooperation of Alam Khan and Daulat Khan, Governor of the Punjab, Babur gathered his army. Upon entering the Punjab plains, Babur's chief allies, namely Langar Khan Niazi advised Babur to engage the powerful Janjua Rajputs to join his conquest. The tribe's rebellious stance to the throne of Delhi was well known. Upon meeting their chiefs, Malik Hast (Asad) and Raja Sanghar Khan, Babur made mention of the Janjua's popularity as traditional rulers of their kingdom and their ancestral support for his patriarch Emir Timur during his conquest of Hind. Babur aided them in defeating their enemies, the Gakhars in 1521, thus cementing their alliance. Babur employed them as Generals in his campaign for Delhi, the conquest of Rana Sanga and the conquest of India.

The new usage of guns allowed small armies to make large gains on enemy territory. Small parties of skirmishers who had been dispatched simply to test enemy positions and tactics, were making inroads into India. Babur, however, had survived two revolts, one in Kandahar and another in Kabul, and was careful to pacify the local population after victories, following local traditions and aiding widows and orphans.

Despite both being Sunni Muslims, Babur wanted Ibrahim's power and territory. Babur and his army of 24,000 men marched to the battlefield at Panipat armed with muskets and artillery. Ibrahim prepared for battle by gathering 100,000 man (well-armed but with no guns) and 1,000 elephants. Ibrahim was at a disadvantage because of his outmoded infantry and internecine rivalries. Even though he had more men, he had never fought in a war against gunpowder weapons and he did not know what to do strategically. Babur pressed his advantage from the start and Ibrahim perished on the battlefield in April 1526, along with 20,000 of his men.

Accession of Babur and the Mughals
After Ibrahim's death, Babur named himself emperor over Ibrahim's territory, instead of placing Alam Khan (Ibrahim's uncle) on the throne. Ibrahim's death marked the end of the Lodi dynasty and led to the establishment of the Mughal Empire in India. The remaining Lodi territories were absorbed into the new Mughal Empire. Babur continued to engage in military campaigns.

Mahmud Lodi
Ibrahim Lodi's brother, Mahmud Lodi, declared himself Sultan and continued to resist Mughal forces. He provided around 4,000 Afghan soldiers to Rana Sanga in the Battle of Khanwa in 1527. After that defeat, Mahmud Lodi fled eastwards and again posed a challenge to Babur two years later at the Battle of Ghaghra in 1529.

Religion and architecture
Like their predecessors, the Lodhi sultans stylized themselves as the deputies of the Abbasid Caliphs, and thus acknowledged the authority of a united Caliphate over the Muslim world. They provided cash stipends and granted revenue-free lands (including entire villages) to the Muslim ulama, the Sufi shaikhs, the claimed descendants of Muhammad, and to the members of his Quraysh tribe.

The Muslim subjects of the Lodis were required to pay the zakat tax for religious merit, and the non-Muslims were required to pay the jizya tax for receiving state protection. In some parts of the Sultanate, the Hindus were required to pay an additional pilgrimage tax. Nevertheless, several Hindu officers formed a part of the Sultanate's revenue administration.

Sikandar Lodi, whose mother was a Hindu, resorted to strong Sunni orthodoxy to prove his Islamic credentials as a political expediency. He destroyed Hindu temples, and under the pressure from the ulama, allowed the execution of a Brahman who declared Hinduism to be as veracious as Islam. He also banned women from visiting the mazars (mausoleums) of Muslim saints, and banned the annual procession of the spear of the legendary Muslim martyr Salar Masud. He also established sharia courts in several towns with significant Muslim population, enabling the qazis to administer the Islamic law to Muslim as well as non-Muslim subjects.

title: Lodi dynasty


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User talk:Techclub

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
 * How to edit a page
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Image source
Thank you for uploading Image:Nasa rocketgarden.JPG. Its copyright status is unclear, so it may have to be deleted. Please leave a note on the image page about the source of the image. Thank you. --Evil Monkey∴Hello 02:21, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * The only thing left to do is add the license tag. As you created the image you are the copyright holder of the image. By default the license used by Wikipedia is GFDL. But you have some options such as releasing the image into Public domain, or using a Creative Commons License. All the available Copyright tags are at Image copyright tags. Message me if you need more help. Evil Monkey∴Hello 03:30, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * The easiest thing is just to release them under GFDL which is the license Wikipedia uses. Just go to the image page (in this case Image:Nasa rocketgarden.JPG) and click the edit option at the top and add and save it. Evil Monkey∴Hello 04:04, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)

photos from Enough
Hi Brandon!

I have been looking at some of your photos on here and they are really good! I am especially interested in the ones that you took from the ENOUGH movie. I am wondering if you have any other pictures from ENOUGH that you took that aren't up on the site? I'd love to see them! I am in the process of making a website for one of the actresses in the film and an wondering if there are any pictures of her in there.

Please e-mail me at dancing.rachel@gmail.com

Hope to hear from you soon! Rachel

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title: User talk:Techclub


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Möhne Reservoir

The Möhne Reservoir, or Moehne Reservoir, is an artificial lake in North Rhine-Westphalia, some 45 km east of Dortmund, Germany. The lake is formed by the damming of two rivers, Möhne and Heve, and with its four basins stores as much as 135 million cubic metres of water.

Construction and inauguration
In 1904, calculations about the future demand for water for people and industry in the growing Ruhr-area determined that the existing storage volume of 32.4 million m³ in dams of the Ruhr river system needed tripling. Thus, on 28 November 1904, the general assembly of the Ruhrtalsperreverein decided to construct additional dams. During 1908 to 1912 they built the Möhnetalsperre at a cost of 23.5 million marks.

When opened, the dam was the largest dam in Europe. 140 homesteads with 700 people had to move. It was built to help control floods, regulate water levels on the Ruhr river downstream, and generate hydropower. Today, the lake is also a tourist attraction.

Second World War
The dam (51.48931°N, 8.05877°W) was breached by RAF Lancaster Bombers ("The Dambusters") during Operation Chastise on the night of 16–17 May 1943, together with the Edersee dam in northern Hesse. Bouncing bombs had been constructed which were able to skip over the protective nets that hung in the water. A 77 m by 22 m hole was blown in the dam with the resulting floodwave killing at least 1,579 people, 1,026 of them foreign forced labourers held in camps downriver. The small city of Neheim-Hüsten was particularly hard-hit with over 800 victims, among them at least 526 victims in a camp for Russian women held for forced labour.

Though the Organisation Todt quickly repaired the dams through the labor of 7,000 men taken from the construction of the Atlantic Wall, the impact of the raid on German industry in the Ruhr valley and on the civil population was significant. According to Albert Speer, "the power plant at the foot of the shattered dam looked as if it had been erased, along with its heavy turbines." "Industry was brought to a standstill", due to the "electrical installations being soaked and muddied."

Three other reservoirs were still intact, though the largest, the Sorpe Dam, had a hole above the water line. Another destroyed dam, the Edersee Dam, "had nothing to do with the supply of water to the Ruhr." The Möhne Dam was repaired by 23 September 1943, in time to collect water needed for the following summer, when the British failed to follow up with additional raids to hamper reconstruction.

Nature and environment
Lake Möhne is designated as a European bird sanctuary "Möhne Lake" in the EU's Natura 2000 system of protected areas. Lake Heve and the Heve arm in the south of Lake Möhne as well as the inlet of the Möhne into the lake are designated as the Hevearm and Hevesee nature reserve. The Heve forebay and adjacent areas have also been registered as an FFH site.

Importance for bird protection
Lake Möhne is an important resting place in North Rhine-Westphalia with four to six thousand waterfowl. The important resting birds are, with percentages for the years 2001 to 2006, the tufted duck with 31 percent, the mallard with 24 percent, the coot with 22 percent, the great crested grebe with 9 percent, the pochard with 5 percent and other species with 9 percent. An important reason for greater resting occurrences of diving ducks and coots is the presence of the migratory mussel in the lake. The zebra mussel forms mussel beds on the stony lake bottom with several thousand animals per square meter. At the inflows of the Möhne and the smaller streams into the lake there are occurrences of kingfisher, grey wagtail and dipper. However, their actual breeding sites are not directly at the lake, but at the tributaries. On the shore of the lake breed mallard, tufted duck, moorhen, coot, mute swan, greylag goose, Canada goose, Egyptian goose and great crested grebe. The great crested grebe has its largest breeding population in Westphalia here, with about fifty breeding pairs on the lake. The grey heron has a breeding colony on the Westenberg in Wamel with 15 to 30 occupied nests. The cormorant has so far made only unsuccessful breeding attempts, probably due to human disturbance. The red-necked grebe has also bred unsuccessfully at the lake several times since 2002. The little grebe, on the other hand, has had single successful broods in the past. A special feature was the year-round occurrence of the common eider, a sea duck, from September 2001 to December 2006. In July 2006, the first breeding record for North Rhine-Westphalia was found here: a female with three half-grown young. When the water level rose sharply in December 2006, the eiders could no longer reach the zebra mussel beds and left the lake. Other sea ducks also appear more frequently during the winter season.

Fish stock at Möhne Reservoir
Thirteen species of fish were found in the lake during sample fisheries conducted by the Ruhr Association. The largest stocks come from perch with 53 percent, ruffe with 20.3 percent and roach with 13.9 percent. In addition, whitefish, eel, pike, zander, brown trout, bream, carp, tench and chub are also found. Lake trout and eel occur only because of artificial stocking and do not reproduce naturally. The muskrat is also present.

title: Möhne Reservoir


text:
Erich Segal

Erich Wolf Segal (June 16, 1937 – January 17, 2010) was an American author, screenwriter, educator, and classicist who wrote the bestselling novel Love Story (1970) and its hit film adaptation.

Early life and education
Born and raised in a Jewish household in Brooklyn, New York, Segal was the first of three brothers. His father was a rabbi and his mother was a homemaker. His interest in writing and narrating stories developed as a child. He went to Midwood High School, during which he suffered a serious accident while canoeing. His coach advised him to jog as a part of his rehabilitation, which ended up becoming his passion and caused him to participate in the Boston Marathon more than 12 times. He attended Harvard College, graduating as both the class poet and Latin salutatorian in 1958, and then obtained his master's degree (in 1959) and a doctorate (in 1965) in comparative literature from Harvard University, after which he started teaching at Yale.

Writing career
In 1967, through connections on Broadway, Segal was given the opportunity to collaborate on the screenplay for the Beatles' 1968 motion picture Yellow Submarine, based on a story by Lee Minoff. He occasionally worked as an actor, having a supporting role in the French crime thriller Without Apparent Motive and a cameo appearance as a gondolier in Jennifer on My Mind, which he also wrote.

His first academic book, Roman Laughter: The Comedy of Plautus (1968), published by the Harvard University Press, gave him considerable recognition and chronicled the great Roman comic playwright who inspired the Broadway hit A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1962).

In the late 1960s, and early '70s Segal collaborated on other screenplays. He wrote a romantic story about a Harvard student and a Radcliffe student but failed to sell it. Literary agent Lois Wallace at the William Morris Agency then suggested he turn the script into a novel, and the result was Love Story (1970). A New York Times No. 1 bestseller, the book became the top selling work of fiction for 1970 in the United States, and was translated into 33 languages worldwide. The motion picture of the same name was the number one box office attraction of 1970.

The novel proved problematic for Segal. He acknowledged that its success unleashed "egotism bordering on megalomania" and he was denied tenure at Yale. Moreover, Love Story "was ignominiously bounced from the nomination slate of the National Book Awards after the fiction jury threatened to resign." Segal later said that the book "totally ruined me." He would go on to write more novels and screenplays, including the 1977 sequel to Love Story, titled Oliver's Story.

Segal published scholarly works on Greek and Latin literature and taught Greek and Latin literature at Harvard, Yale and Princeton universities. He was a Supernumerary Fellow and an Honorary Fellow of Wolfson College at Oxford University. He served as a visiting professor at Princeton, the University of Munich and Dartmouth College.

His novel The Class (1985), a saga based on the Harvard Class of 1958, was a bestseller, and won literary honors in France and Italy. Doctors (1988) was another New York Times bestseller. In 2001, he published a book on the history of theatre called The Death of Comedy.

Marathons
Segal was an accomplished competitive runner. He had been a sprinter at Midwood High School, and ran the two-mile at Harvard College. He began marathon running during his second year at Harvard, when track and field head coach Bill McCurdy was impressed with how fast he had run 10 miles. Segal ran in the Boston Marathon almost every year from 1955 to 1975. He finished in 79th place at 3 hours, 43 minutes in his first attempt, and his best performance was in 1964 when he finished 63rd with a time of 2:56:30. He recounted that, after one Boston marathon, someone yelled, "Hey, Segal, you run better than you write". Segal was featured in the 1965 documentary short Marathon, which documents the 1964 Boston Marathon and was directed by filmmakers Joyce Chopra and Robert Gardner.

Segal was a color commentator for Olympic marathons during telecasts of both the 1972 and 1976 Summer Olympics. His most notable broadcast was in 1972, when he and Jim McKay called Frank Shorter's gold-medal-winning performance. After an impostor, West German student Norbert Sudhaus, ran into Olympic Stadium ahead of Shorter, an emotionally upset Segal yelled, "That is an impostor! Get him off the track! This happens in bush league marathons! This doesn't happen in an Olympic marathon! Throw the bum out! Get rid of that guy!" When Shorter appeared to be confused by the events, Segal yelled, "come on, Frank, you won it!" and "Frank, it's a fake, Frank!"

In 2000, The Washington Post included the incident among the 10 most memorable American sports calls (albeit misquoting the latter line as being "it's a fraud, Frank!"). In a 2010 posthumous tribute to Segal, marathon runner Amby Burfoot called Segal's call "one of the most unprofessional, unbridled, and totally appropriate outbursts in the history of Olympic TV commentary", taking into consideration the fact that Segal had taught Shorter at Yale.

Family
Segal was married to Karen James from 1975 until his death; they had two daughters, Miranda and Francesca Segal. Francesca, born in 1980, is a freelance journalist, literary critic, and columnist.

Death
Segal, who suffered from Parkinson's disease, died of a heart attack on January 17, 2010, and was buried in London. In a eulogy delivered at his funeral, his daughter Francesca said, "That he fought to breathe, fought to live, every second of the last 30 years of illness with such mind-blowing obduracy, is a testament to the core of who he was – a blind obsessionality that saw him pursue his teaching, his writing, his running and my mother, with just the same tenacity. He was the most dogged man any of us will ever know."

Novels

 * 1970: Love Story
 * 1973: Fairy Tale
 * 1977: Oliver's Story
 * 1981: Man, Woman and Child
 * 1985: The Class
 * 1988: Doctors
 * 1992: Acts of Faith
 * 1995: Prizes
 * 1997: Only Love

Filmography

 * 1968: Yellow Submarine
 * 1970: The Games
 * 1970: R. P. M.
 * 1970: Love Story
 * 1971: Jennifer on My Mind
 * 1978: Oliver's Story
 * 1980: A Change of Seasons
 * 1983: Man, Woman and Child

title: Erich Segal


text:
Nunavut Arctic College

Nunavut Arctic College (ᓄᓇᕗᒻᒥᓯᓚᑦᑐᖅᓴᕐᕕᒃ, Collège de l’Arctique du Nunavut, Inuinnaqtun: Nunavunmi Inirnirit Iliharviat) is a public community college in the territory of Nunavut, Canada. The college has several campuses throughout the territory and operates as a public agency (Crown corporation) funded by the territorial government.

History
The college was founded in 1995. Its origins date to 1968 when the Government of the Northwest Territories established the Adult Vocational Training Centre.

Campus
Nunavut Arctic College has three campuses (Nunatta Campus, Kitikmeot Campus, Kivalliq Campus) and 24 Community Learning Centres.
 * Nunavut Arctic College's Headquarters Arviat
 * Kitikmeot Campus (Kangok Road) in Cambridge Bay
 * Kivalliq Campus: Sanatuliqsarvik (Nunavut Trades Training Centre), and Kivalliq Hall are in Rankin Inlet
 * Nunatta Campus is in Iqaluit
 * Nunavut Research Institute – Iqaluit, Arviat, Cambridge Bay, Rankin Inlet and Igloolik
 * Piqqusilirivvik Inuit Cultural Learning Centre – Clyde River with satellite locations in Baker Lake and Igloolik

On campus housing is available to full-time students at all three campuses.

Partnerships
The college hosts lecturers for Akitsiraq Law School, and participates in the University of the Arctic. Other partnerships include (Education, Nursing, Law):
 * Nunavut Teacher Education Program (NTEP) with Memorial University
 * Nursing Program with Dalhousie University

title: Nunavut Arctic College


text:
Prahu

Prahu may refer to:

 * Proa, a multihull sailing vessel
 * Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic; the accusative (4th form) of the Czech word Praha

title: Prahu


text: User talk:207.200.116.5

title: User talk:207.200.116.5


text:
Três Pontas

Três Pontas (, Three Tips) is a municipality located in southern Minas Gerais state, Brazil. It's a city with about all streets of urban zone paved and services of water and sewage to all people. The municipality has about 57 thousand inhabitants and a population density of 78,12hab/km2. The road MG-167 is the only paved road that passes through the city, but the Rodovia Fernão Dias (BR-381), is less than 50 km from the city centre passing through Varginha.

The municipality don't have a rugged relief (the average level is 900m), there are only three areas in which the altitude reaches 1100m above sea level. One of them is the Serra de Três Pontas (Three Tips Mountain), a place known in the region for its distinctive shape and natural environment. The streams Araras and Espera are the main water courses that pass through the municipality, and they flow into the Furnas Dam. The rivers Verde and Sapucaí pass on the south boundary and flow into Furnas Dam too. The Municipality is located on the basin of the Grande River.

The suave climate favors the growth of coffee, the main economic wealth of the city (known as one of the largest producers of coffee in Brazil).

Etymology
The city name origin is the peculiar shape of the mountain near the city, that was utilized as a reference point by ancient travelers and by the runaway slaves. These slaves formed near the mountain, the Quilombo do Cascalho which was destroyed some time later.

History
The first inhabitants of the region was the runaway slaves that has formed two quilombos. During the colonization process, it had fights of settlers and slaves and explorers looking for gold. The soil of Três Pontas has no gold or important mineral resources. So, it was formed farms to create cattle and culture of subsistence.

The chapel of Nossa Senhora d'Ajuda was the start of the locality, founded on October 15, 1768, by the Captain Bento Ferreira de Brito, attracting people scattered around. The locality, with rural and urban characteristics mixed, was formed slowly around the chapel. Três Pontas has supplied the villages that arose with the gold and later the Rio de Janeiro. The locality was elevated to a village in April 1841.

On July 3, 1857, the village received the status of city. With the emergence and affirmation of the coffee, in the mid of the 19th century, and with the creation of roads, Três Pontas reach the international market through Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo ports. Coffee has maintained the city economy ever since. Two persons deserve special mention in the city's history: the Barão da Boa Esperança, influential politician who contributed to the development of the municipality, and Padre Victor, pastor of the city.

Três Pontas also had a rail spur, the Trespontana Railroad, which was inaugurated in 1895, whose terminal was where today is located the City Hall. The railway was closed in 1964 due to, among other reasons, the flooding of part of the line by Furnas Dam.

Geography
The municipality is limited to the north with Campos Gerais and Santana da Vargem, on south with the municipality of Varginha, Elói Mendes and Paraguaçu, on east with Nepomuceno e Carmo da Cachoeira and west with Campos Gerais. It's located at about 290 kilometers away from Belo Horizonte, the state's capital. According to the map of urban hierarchy produced by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Três Pontas is classified as a B zone center, that means the city has a restricted influence, only over the smaller cities around it. The city is under influence of Varginha that, on the other hand, is under influence of Belo Horizonte.

Relief, soils and rocks
The municipality has a wavy relief, with altitudes between 800 and 900 meters above sea level, with the city located at about 905 meters. However about twenty percent of the municipality is in mountainous regions, in which the height exceeds one thousand meters above sea level. One of these areas is the Serra de Três Pontas (Three Tips Hill), located nineteen kilometers away from the city, where is located the highest point of the municipality, at 1 234 meters above sea level. The lowest point is located on the margins of the Furnas reservoir, at about 770 meters above the sea level.

Red/yellow oxisols. According with Brazilian Systems of Soils Classification all (or almost all) oxisols are acidic and nutrient-poor. However, when adjusted and fertilized these soils become highly productive.
 * Soils

According to the Geologic Map of Minas Gerais, the soils in the south portion of the municipality have kianite granulite rocks. In the north, it has rocks of the ortogneissics complexes (ortogneisses granitics, granulite, migmatite and anphibolite) and in the region of Três Pontas Mountain the rocks are formed by metapelitic graphitous alternated with quartzite.
 * Rocks

Climate
According to IBGE Brazil Climate Map the climate of Três Pontas is Tropical semi-humid, with a dry season that last between four and five months and the average temperature is between 15 °C and 18 °C in at least one month in the year.

During the summer rains are common in the late afternoon. Temperatures at this time are always very high. In the winter the arrival of polar air masses that drop and cause frost. In this time of year the relative humidity is too low, and causes discomfort to the population.

The municipality is watered by Verde and Sapucaí rivers (dammed in Furnas), belonging to Grand River Drainage. It also has the Araras and Espera streams, that are formed by the joining of several smaller streams. The Arara stream rises near the town and moves west to flow into the reservoir of Furnas. The Espera stream rises near the Três Pontas Mountain and flows into Furnas near a farm with the same name. Other streams that rises on the north of Três Pontas Mountain go north and flow into Rio Grande.
 * Hydrography

Três Pontas is in the transition area between the biome Mata Atlântica and the biome Cerrado. The original vegetation of the Municipality is highly modified because of coffee production, but some woods still remain.
 * Biome

Urban area
The water and sewage service is by S.A.A.E. (Serviço Autônomo de Água e Esgoto, Water and Sewage Autonomous System). Três Pontas has 12644 water connections, that means 100% of urban area homes served with treated water.
 * Water and sewage connections

The sewage system serves 12572 homes, that means 99.2% of houses have access to the sewage system, that put the city among the cities with better sanitation in Brazil.

In the municipality, 14004 homes have water connections, 1776 draw water from wells or springs on their own property and 263 have other forms of obtaining water.

Electrical power is supplied by CEMIG (Compania Energética de Minas Gerais, or Energetic Company of Minas Gerais).
 * Electric power

Três Pontas has about 98% of paved streets in the urban area. Due to the fleet growing in the last years, there is a lack of parking lots in downtown and in peak hours, the traffic becomes slow in some streets.
 * Paving and fleet

The city has bus lines that serve almost all neighborhoods of the urban area.
 * Urban transportation

The urban area is crossed for the streams Candongas, Custodinho, Bambus and Quatis. All of them are tributaries of Araras stream.
 * Streams that cross the urban area

According to the census, there are 18517 houses in the municipality, that totalize 21819 addresses, being 3474 in the countryside and 18345 in the urban area.
 * Census 2010

Still according to 2010 census, 15474 homes are houses (96.5%), 526 are apartments (3.3%) and 40 belongs to a condominium (0.2%).

According with the map of Urban Hierarchy of Brazil, Três Pontas is classified as a center of zone B, that means the city has a small regional influence, restricted to small cities which Três Pontas is bordered. The city is under influence of Varginha that, on the other hand, is under influence of Belo Horizonte.
 * Urban Hierarchy

Três Pontas is today the greatest producer of coffee in the country. There are more than 50 million coffee trees in an area of approximately 300 square kilometres, producing an average of 400 thousand sacks each harvest.

Transport
Três Pontas is crossed by the state highway MG-167 giving access to BR-491 (passing through Varginha) and BR-265 (passing through Santana da Vargem). Both federal highways give access to Rodovia Fernão Dias (BR-381).
 * Access Roads

There is a project for creation of the road Três Pontas - Paraguaçu passing through Pontalete and other for creation of the road Três Pontas - Carmo da Cachoeira.

The city has the Leda Mello Resende Airport , 3 km from downtown, with paved runway, measuring 1,150m in length by 20m in width, which allows for the landing and takeoff of small and medium-sized planes. Airlines from Varginha : TAE, TAM, TAV.
 * Air Access

The municipality is crossed by more than 300 km of rural roads, mostly in good condition. Through these routes is possible get directly to Campos Gerais, Nepomuceno, Carmo da Cachoeira and Paraguaçu (passing through Pontalete crossing the Furnas Dam by a ferry line)
 * Rural Roads

It's possible arrive to the Pontalete district by boat, because the district is watered by Furnas Dam.
 * Navigation

Population
According to the 2010 census, 50.4%(27155) of Três Pontas population are women, and 49.6%(26705) are men.

 * Color or race

Municipal Human Development Index
 * MHDI: .773
 * State ranking: 152 out of 853 municipalities
 * National ranking: 1,251 out of 5,138 municipalities
 * Life expectancy: 72
 * Literacy rate: 88 For the complete list see Frigoletto

Economy
The municipal economy is mixed, but coffee is the most important economic product.

Agriculture
The planting is diverse, but the coffee plantations occupy most of the cultivated area. There is in the city more than 30 million coffee trees planted in an area of 24 thousand hectares, being the largest national producer. About 75% of coffee production is marketed by the Cooperativa dos Cafeicultores da Zona de Três Pontas. In the city are also planted corn, beans and vegetables, among others. In 2010, 29808 tons of coffee were harvested (about 1% of national production), with an average yield 1440 kg/ha, a total amount of R$157 982 000. In comparation with 2009, the total production dropped 1.8%.

 * Permanent farming

 * Temporary Farming

 * Animal production (Animal numbers)

Industry
Três Pontas has an Industrial park, with small and medium industries: fertilizer industry, agricultural machinery, fabrics, plastic ware, precast products, metalwork, furniture, roasting, baking, graphics, stills and other miscellaneous.

Besides the growth of tourism in the region driven by the dam and farm hotels.

Services
The services correspond to 62% of GNP of the municipality. The trade contributes significantly to the growth of the city.
 * Commercial establishments by activity
 * Restaurants / Bars - 315
 * Hotels and others - 06
 * Coffee shops, Bakeries and Ice Cream– 78
 * Gas stations with services- 12
 * Markets – 152
 * Obs.: Total number of registered taxpayers in the municipality in various brands of activity: 3938

Public health
About 58% of health facilities are in the responsibility of the municipality. The other 42% are private. The city has a Pronto Atendimento Municipal (Municipal Emergency Services), which attends to the urgent and emergency cases. It also has the Hospital São Francisco de Assis (St. Francis Hospital), which has about 100 beds, surgical, obstetric, pediatric, ICU and medical clinic. The hospital also offers radiology services, ultrasound, sterilization center and clinic.

The Department of Health of Três Pontas manages various clinics scattered throughout neighborhoods. There are also centers in rural communities and periodic visits.
 * Health care
 * Center for Health Catumbi (Centro de Saúde Catumbi)
 * Padre Victor Health Center (Centro de Saúde Padre Victor)
 * Health Centre St. Edwirges (Centro de Saúde Santa Edwirges)
 * Health Center Marilena Village (Centro de Saúde Vila Marilena)
 * Center for Health Polyclinic (Centro de Saúde Policlínica)

The Municipal Pharmacy provides medications to low income families.

The Municipal Health Department also carries out periodic preventive campaigns for public awareness about the prevention of various diseases, especially dengue.

Três Pontas has a Centre of Ophthalmology and a dental center, both with free care for low income families.

There are also several private clinics in several areas of health.

According to the 2010 Census, there are 51 health facilities public and private in Three Points.

Education
About 45% are on elementary school, 41% on kindergarten and 14% on high school.

Most schools are under the responsibility of Municipal Secretary of Education. The city has 14 municipal schools on urban area (being 11 day care centers and kindergarten school, 1 of 1st to 3rd grade, 1 of 1st to 5th grade and 1 of 1st to 9th grade) and 8 on rural zone (being 6 from 1st to 5th grade and 1 kindergarten).
 * Elementary and high school

The city has four state schools (that have students from 6th to 9th grade and high school) and four private school (that have students from kindergarten to high school).

Centro Universitário do Sul de Minas (University Center of South Minas).
 * Higher education

Três Pontas has many schools with professional courses to serve young people wishing to enter the labor market. A professional school of the SEST/SENAT is also being built.
 * Professional education

According to the 2010 census, there are 34 schools in Três Pontas.

Culture
Administrated by Culture, Leisure and Tourism Secretary, the library has more than 20 thousand books. It was created in 1959.
 * Celso Brant Public Library

School of Guitar, Violin, Cello, Piano, Keyboard, Accordion, Sweet Flute, Flute, Saxophone, Drums, Guitar, Choir, Canto Single, Music Perception, Practice Set, Musicalization Music and Image. It was established in 1987.
 * Heitor Vila Lobos Municipal Music School

Theatre which presents the main cultural events of the city.
 * Milton Nascimento Cultural Center

Sports and tourism

The Sports Municipal Secretary arranges several events to promote sports in the city. Among these are: karate classes, football and volleyball for children and teenagers.
 * Sports

There are also many championships among teams of schools and neighborhoods.

The main football matches are played at Ítalo Tomagnini Municipal Stadium, but there are other football fields in other neighborhoods. Other sports, like futsal and volleyball are played at the Gymnasium Aureliano Chaves.

In Três Pontas the preferred tourist destination is the Pontalete District, because of the Furnas Dam. Perfect for those who like water sports, the district has many good bars and restaurants.
 * Tourism

Other people can visit the Três Pontas (Three tips) Mountain that's about 19 km from city. On the mountain there are many trails, some waterfalls and even a wall made by the slaves.

In the city there are several bars and restaurants that have good food. At weekends the downtown is very busy with parties and people on squares.

On the road between Três Pontas and Varginha, the tourist can visit the Pedra Negra Hotel Farm and visit the Coffee Museum, that show how the coffee culture was.

Religion
Most people, are Catholic. The city has three parishes
 * Parish Nossa Senhora d'Ajuda (Our Lady of Help) . The main church is the Matriz Nossa Senhora d'Ajuda Church, in downtown, where are the remains of Padre Victor.

 * Parish Nossa Senhora Aparecida (Our Lady of Aparecida). The main church is Aparecida Church

The three parishes belong to the Diocese of Campanha.
 * Parish Cristo Redentor. The main church is Nossa Senhora das Graças (Our Lady of Graces) Church (known as Catumbi Church).

Blessed persons
The carmelite nun Tereza Margarida of the Heart of Mary founded a contemplative carmel in Três Pontas.

Communication
Sentinela FM - 99.9 MHz
 * Radio Station

Community Radio Liberdade FM - 87.9 MHz

Radio Três Pontas - AM 1540 kHz

Transamérica Hits - Fm 92.5 MHz

Jornal Correio Trespontano (Trespontano Mail Newspaper)
 * Newspaper

Events

 * City's Anniversary''': July 3

Commemorated with shows and parties

 * Expocafé: June

One of the biggest events of the coffee growing country, where millions of dollars are moved, and the event grows every year. In 2012 was held between June 19 and June 22.

 * Festival Música do Mundo (Music of the World Festival): September CANCELED 2011
 * Priest Victor party: September 23

title: Três Pontas


text:
PATSY Award

The PATSY Award was originated by the Hollywood office of the American Humane Association in 1939. They decided to honor animal performers after a horse was killed in an on-set accident during the filming of the Tyrone Power film Jesse James. The letters are an acronym, and stand for Picture Animal Top Star of the Year. A later acronym was also included: Performing Animal Television Star of the Year.

The very first recipient of a PATSY was Francis the Talking Mule in 1951, in a ceremony hosted by Ronald Reagan at Hollywood's Carthay Circle Theater. The award later covered both film and television and was separated into four categories: canine, equine, wild and special. The special category encompassed everything from goats to cats to pigs – Arnold Ziffel of TV's Green Acres was a two-time winner. Arnold's trainer, Frank Inn, was the proud owner of over 40 PATSY awards, thanks to his work with Orangey, the cat from Rhubarb (1951) and Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961); Higgins, the dog (who played the lead in the Benji movies and "Dog" on Petticoat Junction); Cleo the Basset Hound; and Lassie, and Tramp the dog from My Three Sons to name a few. Lassie was retired to the PATSY Hall of Fame after receiving many awards over the years.

The Craven Award was named in honor of Richard C. Craven, the first director of the Hollywood AHA. It recognized animals that would normally have had no opportunity to appear in a starring role. The TV and Movie Animal Walk of Fame was established in front of the Burbank Animal Shelter, honoring certain early recipients of the PATSY Awards.

By the 1970s, the awards were being presented in a televised ceremony, with animal recipients selected by the general public who voted in ballots which appeared in Associated Press newspapers. The first network presentation was on CBS in 1973.

Over the years the PATSY Award ceremony was hosted by various celebrities, including Betty White, Allen Ludden, and Bob Barker. Barker has stated he eventually resigned in protest of the cruel methods some trainers use when training animals for films.

The awards ended in 1986 due to lack of funding. That year the Genesis Awards were established to honor individuals in the major news and entertainment media for producing outstanding works which raise public awareness of animal issues. In 2011 the American Humane Society announced the creation of the Pawscars, described as, "an unofficial, animal-centric spin on the Oscars."

The American Humane Association is the organization responsible for the disclaimer at the end of many films and television programs that "No Animals Were Harmed" in the production.

PATSY Award Winners (partial listing)
Source, 1951–1973:

1951
Motion Pictures Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Francis the Talking Mule (Francis)
 * 2) California the horse (The Palomino)
 * 3) Pierre the chimp (My Friend Irma Goes West)
 * Flame the dog (My Pal)
 * Lassie the dog (Challenge to Lassie)
 * Black Diamond the horse (Black Midnight)
 * Jackie the Lion (Samson and Delilah)
 * Jerry Brown the horse – trained by Ace Hudkins

1952
Motion Pictures Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Rhubarb the cat (Rhubarb)
 * 2) Francis the mule (Francis Goes to the Races)
 * Chinook the dog (Yukon Manhunt)
 * Diamond the horse (Flame of Araby)
 * Corky the dog (Behave Yourself)
 * Smoky the horse – owned/trained by Fat Jones

1953
Motion Pictures Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Jackie the lion (Fearless Fagan)
 * 2) Bonzo the Chimp (Bonzo Goes to College)
 * 3) Trigger the horse (Son of Paleface)
 * Francis the mule (Francis Goes to West Point)
 * Tramp Jr. the dog (Room for One More)
 * Cheeta the chimp (Tarzan's Savage Fury)
 * Chinook the dog (Yukon Gold)
 * Bracket the horse – owned by Hudkins Stables

1954
Motion Pictures Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Sam the dog (Hondo)
 * 2) Francis the mule (Francis Covers the Big Town)
 * 3) Jackie the lion (Androcles and the Lion)
 * Baron the dog (Back to God's Country)
 * Peggy the chimp (Valley of the Head Hunters)
 * Jackie the lion (White Witch Doctor)
 * Cocaine the horse – owned/trained by Chuck Roberson

1955
Motion Pictures Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Beauty the horse (Gypsy Colt)
 * 2) Francis the mule (Francis Joins the WACS)
 * 3) Esmerelda the seal (20,000 Leagues Under the Sea)
 * Shep the dog (A Bullet Is Waiting)
 * Satin the tiger (Demetrius and the Gladiators)
 * Beauty the horse (The Outlaw Stallion)
 * Flash the horse – owned/trained by Henry Willis

1956
Motion Pictures Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Wildfire the dog (It's a Dog's Life)
 * 2) Francis the mule (Francis in the Navy)
 * 3) Faro the dog (The Kentuckian)
 * N/A
 * Flame the dog – owned/trained by Frank Barnes

1957
Motion Pictures Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Samantha the goose (Friendly Persuasion)
 * 2) Beauty the Horse (Giant)
 * 3) Francis the mule (Francis in the Haunted House)
 * Silver the horse (The Lone Ranger)
 * Lady the dog (Goodbye, My Lady)
 * Bascom the dog (Hollywood or Bust)
 * King Cotton the horse – owned/trained by Ralph McCutcheon

1958
(Starting in 1958 PATSY awards were also awarded to television animals)

Motion Pictures Television Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Spike the dog (Old Yeller)
 * 2) Beauty the horse (Wild Is the Wind)
 * 3) Kelly the dog (Kelly and Me)
 * 1) Lassie the dog (Lassie)
 * 2) Cleo the dog (The People's Choice)
 * 3) Rin Tin Tin the dog (The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin)
 * Tony the horse (Hoofs and Goofs / Movies)
 * Flicka the horse (My Friend Flicka / TV)
 * Trigger the horse – owned by Roy Rogers / trained by Glenn Randall

1959
Motion Pictures Television Award of Excellence Craven Award
 * 1) Pyewacket the cat (Bell, Book and Candle)
 * 2) Tonka the horse (Tonka)
 * 3) Henry the rabbit (The Geisha Boy)
 * 1) Lassie the dog (Lassie)
 * 2) Asta the dog (The Thin Man)
 * 3) Rin Tin Tin the dog (The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin)
 * King the dog (The Proud Rebel / Movies)
 * Jasper the dog (Bachelor Father / TV)
 * Baldy the horse – owned by Fat Jones Stables / trained by William "Buster" Trow

1960
Motion Pictures Television Craven Award
 * 1) Shaggy the dog (The Shaggy Dog)
 * 2) Herman the pigeon (The Gazebo)
 * 3) North Wind the horse (The Sad Horse)
 * 1) Asta the dog (The Thin Man)
 * 2) Lassie the dog (Lassie)
 * 3) Fury the horse (Fury); Jasper the dog (Bachelor Father) - tied
 * Sharkey, Dempsey, Choctaw, and Joker the horses

1961
Motion Pictures Television
 * 1) King Cotton the horse (Pepe)
 * 2) Spike the dog (A Dog of Flanders)
 * 3) Stubbs the monkey (Toby Tyler); Skip the dog (Visit to a Small Planet) - tied
 * 1) Tramp the dog (My Three Sons)
 * 2) Lassie the dog (Lassie)
 * 3) Fury the horse (Fury)

1962
Motion Pictures Television
 * 1) Orangey the cat (Breakfast at Tiffany's)
 * 2) Pete the dog (The Silent Call)
 * 3) Flame the horse (The Clown and the Kid)
 * 1) Mister Ed the horse (Mister Ed)
 * 2) Lassie the dog (Lassie)
 * 3) Tramp the dog (My Three Sons)

1963
Motion Pictures Television Craven Award
 * 1) Big Red the dog (Big Red)
 * 2) Sydney the elephant (Billy Rose's Jumbo)
 * 3) Zamba the lion (The Lion)
 * 1) Mister Ed the horse (Mister Ed)
 * 2) Lassie the dog (Lassie)
 * 3) Tramp the dog (My Three Sons)
 * Mickey O'Boyle the horse

1964
Motion Pictures Television
 * 1) Tom Dooley the dog (Savage Sam)
 * 2) Pluto the dog (My Six Loves)
 * 3) Raunchy the jaguar (Rampage)
 * 1) Lassie the dog (Lassie)
 * 2) Mister Ed the horse (Mister Ed)
 * 3) Tramp the dog (My Three Sons)

1965
Motion Pictures Television Craven Award
 * 1) Patrina the tiger (A Tiger Walks)
 * 2) Storm the dog (Goodbye Charlie)
 * 3) Junior the dog (Island of the Blue Dolphins)
 * 1) Flipper the dolphin (Flipper)
 * 2) Lassie the dog (Lassie)
 * 3) Mister Ed the horse (Mister Ed)
 * Lucky Buck the horse

1966
Motion Pictures Television Craven Award
 * 1) Syn Cat the cat (That Darn Cat!)
 * 2) Clarence the lion (Clarence, the Cross-Eyed Lion)
 * 3) Judy the chimp (Clarence, the Cross-Eyed Lion)
 * 1) Flipper the dolphin (Flipper)
 * 2) Lord Nelson the dog (Please Don't Eat the Daisies)
 * 3) Higgins the dog (Petticoat Junction)
 * Smokey the horse

1967
Motion Pictures Television
 * 1) Elsa the lion (Born Free)
 * 2) Duke the dog
 * 3) Vindicator the steer (The Rare Breed)
 * 1) Judy the chimp (Daktari)
 * 2) Flipper the dolphin (Flipper)
 * 3) Arnold the pig (Green Acres)

1968
Motion Pictures Television
 * 1) Ben the bear (Gentle Giant)
 * 2) Sir Tim the mountain lion
 * 3) Sophie the sea lion (Dr. Dolittle)
 * 1) Arnold the pig (Green Acres)
 * 2) Ben the bear (Gentle Ben)
 * 3) Clarence the lion (Daktari)

1969
Motion Pictures Television
 * 1) Albarado the horse (The Horse in the Gray Flannel Suit)
 * 1) Arnold the pig (Green Acres, continuing role)
 * 2) Timmy the chimp (single appearance)
 * 3) Chauncey the cougar (commercial)

1970
Motion Pictures Television Craven Award
 * 1) Rascal the raccoon (Rascal)
 * 1) Scruffy the dog (The Ghost & Mrs. Muir, continuing role)
 * 2) Algae the seal (single appearance)
 * Kilroy the horse

1971
Motion Pictures Television
 * 1) Ben the rat (Willard)
 * 1) Arnold the pig (Green Acres, continuing role)
 * 2) Margie the elephant, Lassie's family three pups (tie)
 * 3) Pax the dog (Longstreet)
 * 4) Otto the horse (Lassie, single appearance)

1972
Motion Pictures Television Craven Award
 * 1) Ben the rat (Ben)
 * 1) Farouk the dog (Ironside, single appearance)
 * 2) Morris the Cat (special award, commercials)
 * Cocaine the horse

1973
Motion Pictures) Television Television Movie
 * Alpha the Dolphin (The Day of the Dolphin)
 * Midnight the Cat ("Mannix and Barnaby Jones (TV series) (CBS Mystery Theater), Opening Trailer)")
 * Caesar the Dog (Trapped)

Television Commercials (new category)

Sharon (Lewis) Evans AHA PATSY Award winner 1st Place with "Midnight" the Cat for best animal performance in a TV Series. American Humane Association "The National Review", June 1974 issue.
 * Scruffy the Dog (Chuck Wagon (dog food) commercials)

1974
Motion Pictures
 * Tonto (Harry and Tonto)

1976
Motion Pictures
 * Rosco the Mule (The Apple Dumpling Gang)

Trophy listing
The February 1, 1999, episodes of Antiques Roadshow features the 1967 American Humane Association Trophy for Outstanding Achievement in Motion Pictures, appraised by Leila Dunbar. On the trophy's base is a series of plaques listing the top winner in this category, matched with the year of the animal's movie work rather than the year the award was bestowed. The plaques list:

title: PATSY Award


text:
Yukon University

Yukon University (formerly Yukon College) is a public university in the Canadian territory of Yukon. The university main campus is based in Whitehorse, although the institution also operates 12 campuses throughout the territory. The university confers bachelor's degrees, diplomas, certificates as well as trades and vocational training and adult basic education. The institution is currently the only university based in northern Canada.

The institution traces its origins to the Whitehorse Vocational and Technical Training Centre established in 1963; later renamed as the Yukon Vocational and Training Centre in 1965. The institution operated as a post-secondary education centre, providing vocational training for its students. During the 1980s, the institution was reorganized as a college. The institution operated as Yukon College until the institution was reorganized into a university in 2020, the first university in any of Canada's northern territories.

History
The institution originates from the Whitehorse Vocational and Technical Training Centre (renamed the Yukon Vocational and Technical Training Centre in 1965). The institution changed its name to Yukon College in 1983, although it was not formally designated as a college until 1988, with the passage of the College Act, 1988. The institution opened its new campus, 2 km from its original location on the bank of the Yukon River in the suburb of Riverdale in the same year. In 1989, the College Act was amended, providing the college with an independent Board of Governors.

During the late 1980s and 1990s, the institution began to offer several degree programs in partnership with the University of Alberta, and the University of Regina. During this period, the institution also opened several satellite campuses in a number of First Nations communities. The Northern Research Centre (later renamed the Yukon Research Centre in 2009, and since 2020 named the YukonU Research Centre) was established in 1990 for the purposes of researching mine reclamation, cold climate construction, and climate change.

Efforts to reorganize the institution into a university began with the Government of Yukon in 2011, with its reorganization into a university listed in the college's 2013 and 2016 strategic plans. In 2016, the college was admitted as a member of the BC Association of Institutes and Universities, an institution that represents eight post-secondary institutions in British Columbia, as well as Yukon College. In 2018, the college created its first degree program specialized for the territory, a Bachelor of Arts in Indigenous governance.

In November 2019, the Yukon University Act was passed, resulting in the college's reorganization into a post-secondary university; with the legislation going into effect on 20 February 2020. The following legislation established a bicameral governance structure for the institution, establishing a new board of governors, and replaced the college's academic council with the university senate. As a result of its reorganization, the institution's logo and colours were changed as well. Plans were in place to commemorate its reorganization into a university in May 2020; although several events were cancelled as a result of safety measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Campus
The university's main campus, also referred to as Ayamdigut, is located 4 km north of downtown Whitehorse, situated on a plateau that slopes 20 - 25 m to the east, south, and west. The campus property is 97 ha, although most areas outside the central core of the property remains undeveloped. In particular, the areas adjacent to McIntyre Creek is zoned for environmental protection by the municipal government.

The property itself is bounded to the west by McIntyre Creek, to the northeast by Mountain View Drive, to the southeast by University Drive and the Whitehorse Correctional Centre, and the residential neighbourhood of Takhini to the south. The property is surrounded by several other residential neighbourhoods, including the Northlands Trailer Park, and Whistle Bend; although the core of the campus remains geographically isolated from these neighbourhoods. The main campus may be accessed through University Drive, which diverges westward from the main road, and climbs steadily towards the campus. Institutions adjacent to the campus include the Yukon Archives and the Yukon Arts Centre.

Housing and student facilities
The majority of the university's residential buildings are located on the western periphery of the developed part of the property.

Off-campus facilities
In addition to Ayamdigut campus in Whitehorse, the university also has smaller campuses in the communities of Faro, Teslin, Watson Lake, Mayo, Ross River, Pelly Crossing, Carmacks, Haines Junction, Carcross, Old Crow, and Dawson City. There is also a campus within the Whitehorse Correctional Centre.

Administration
The governance of the university is conducted through the board of governors, and the university senate; both of which were established in the Yukon University Act. The board of governors is responsible for governing and managing the university and convenes once a month. The board of governors includes members from the university administration, faculty, staff, student body. The board also includes 10 members appointed by the Commissioner in Executive Council, three of whom must come from a Yukon First Nations community; and three that reside outside of Whitehorse. Board members are appointed to three-year terms, which may be renewed. The university's board of governors originated as Yukon College's board of governor, and its membership was expanded to include 17 members after the institution became a university.

Prior to its reorganization into a university, the institution's academic policies were maintained by the college's Academic Council. However, in 2020, the university senate was created to assume the role of the Academic Council; maintaining academic policies including standards for admission and qualifications for degrees, diplomas, and certificates issued by the university. Members of the university senate includes members from the school's faculty, student body, and administration. The Yukon University Act stipulates that 60 percent of the senate's membership must be made up of faculty members. The university attempts to maintain a senate composition where 30 percent of its membership originates from various indigenous communities across the territory, and Canada; although this is not required under the Yukon University Act.

The university is headed by the president and vice-chancellor, who acts as the university's chief executive officer; although the chancellor serves as the ceremonial head of the institution.

Karen Barnes served as president and vice-chancellor of Yukon College from July 1, 2011, and as the institution's founding president after it was reorganized into a university. She stepped down from the position on June 30, 2020. In January 2021, she was named president emerita by the Board of Governors. The designation recognizes the outstanding contributions of retired presidents to the university and to the community, including demonstrated excellence, distinguished service, and effective leadership beyond normal expectations. Barnes is the first president emerita of Yukon University. Several retired faculty and deans hold the honorific title professor emerita/emeritus.

Mike DeGagné, formerly president and vice-chancellor of Nipissing University in Ontario, began his term as president and vice-chancellor on July 1, 2021, but later resigned 3 months into the job to become the head of Indspire Charity, and was replaced on an interim basis by vice president finance and administration Maggie Matear.

On October 6, 2020, Jamena James Allen was announced the new chancellor of the university.. Allen was installed as chancellor in a small, physically distanced ceremony on November 17, 2020. Following in the footsteps of Pierre Berton, T’aaḵú Tláa Pearl Keenan, Ken MacKinnon, Anyalahash Sam Johnston, Rolf Hougen, Geraldine Van Bibber, and Piers McDonald, Jamena James Allen is the eighth well-respected Yukoner to serve in this honorary capacity since 1989. Jamena is the Dän k’e (Southern Tutchone) name of James Allen. T’aaḵú Tláa and Anyalahash are the Tlingit names of Pearl Keenan and Sam Johnston respectively.

On June 23, 2021, Lesley Brown was announced as the next president and vice-chancellor of Yukon University and began her term August 16, 2021. Brown was previously provost and vice president (academic) at Mount Royal University (MRU) in Calgary. In this role, she oversaw all facets of educational programming and research at MRU, which evolved into a university in 2009. Before this, Brown was at University of Lethbridge, serving as a faculty member and an administrator in a number of roles including vice president research (interim), associate vice president (research) and vice provost (academic).

Finances
Between June 2018 and June 2019, the university's revenues totaled C$50,741,951, while its expenses totaled C$50,734,978; yielding a surplus of C$6,973. Contributions from the Government of Yukon make up the largest source of revenue for the university. Salaries for direct instruction is the largest expense for the university, with the university spending approximately C$16.1 million that year. During the 2018–19 year, the university spent approximately C$4.47 million on research. As of June 2019, the university had an endowment valued at approximately C$2.72 million.

Academics
Yukon University is a publicly-funded institution that operates as a "hybrid" university; serving as a research hub and offering degree programs, while also providing vocational training and trades programs typically found in Canadian colleges. The university is a member of Colleges and Institutes Canada; and is in the process of applying for membership with Universities Canada.

Yukon University offers certificates, diplomas and degrees through six academic areas - the School of Academic and Skill Development, School of Science, School of Trades, Technology and Mining, School of Health, Education and Human Services, School of Liberal Arts, and the School of Business and Leadership.

Academic programs at the university allow Yukoners to stay in the north while pursuing post-secondary studies. It also accommodates contract training demands by local industry and government in a range of specialties. Programming is delivered from campus to campus, across Yukon, through locally delivered courses and on-line learning technology. The President's Committee on First Nation Initiatives, with representatives from all fourteen Yukon First Nations, influences programming and services delivered at the university.

With respect to research and development, the university is home to the Yukon Research Centre, which is engaged in biodiversity monitoring and climate change research. It is also home to the Yukon Strategy for Patient Oriented Research (YSPOR).

Partnership
Yukon University operates a fine arts post-secondary school known as the Yukon School of Visual Arts, in collaboration with the Dawson City Art Society, and the Trʼondëk Hwëchʼin First Nation.

The university participates in the international University of the Arctic network and cooperates with several universities to deliver programming, including the University of Alberta, the University of Regina, the University of British Columbia, and the University of Alaska Southeast.

Notable people

 * John Streicker, artist, politician, and engineer
 * Gurdeep Pandher, author, teacher, and performer

title: Yukon University


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Stannington (ward)

Stannington ward is one of the 28 electoral wards in the City of Sheffield, England. It is located in the western part of the borough, including some westernmost suburbs of the city; most of the land is rural. The population of the ward at the 2011 Census was 18,222.

It is one of the wards that make up the Sheffield Hallam parliamentary constituency.

Description
The population of this ward in 2011 was 18,222 in 8,030 Households in a land area of 102 km2, of which over 90% is greenspace.

Most of the area of the ward is covered by the civil parish of Bradfield.

The ward includes parts of the western fringes of the greater conurbation of Sheffield, including: the Stannington and Middlewood suburbs of Sheffield, and the village suburbs of Loxley and Worrall, all located on the eastern fringes of the ward. The remainder of the eastern half of the ward is mostly agricultural land, including some industry, and several reservoirs (Damflask Reservoir, Dale Dike Reservoir, Strines Reservoir, and Agden Reservoir) and includes the villages of Low Bradfield, High Bradfield, and Dungworth.

The western part of the ward is moorland, including Howden and Bradfield moors, and contains no significant settlements.

Stannington ward was also home to a council run branch library until this facility was withdrawn in 2014 by the local authority as a cost cutting measure. The replacement of this council run service by a volunteer-led facility has been controversial, with prominent library campaign group Voices For The Library highlighting major concerns around volunteers having responsibility for the "Books On Prescription" service and issues surrounding data protection. The transfer of the library to volunteers has also resulted in huge decreases in book loans and other usage.

Locations

 * Stannington (suburb)53.39648°N, -1.53602°W,
 * Loxley 53.4049°N, -1.5378°W,
 * Worral 53.42435°N, -1.53873°W,
 * Low Bradfield 53.4229°N, -1.6054°W,
 * High Bradfield 53.4288°N, -1.5981°W,
 * Dungworth 53.40652°N, -1.57803°W,
 * Middlewood 53.42°N, -1.52°W

title: Stannington (ward)


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User:Latka

Hi, I'm Latka ;)

title: User:Latka


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5th SS Panzer Division Wiking

The 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking (5. SS-Panzerdivision Wiking) or SS Division Wiking was an infantry and later an armoured division among the thirty-eight Waffen-SS divisions of Nazi Germany. During World War II, the division served on the Eastern Front. It surrendered on 9 May 1945 to the American forces in Austria.

The division contained small contingents of foreign volunteers from Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Estonia, Iceland, the Netherlands and Belgium. These contingents were elevated in wartime propaganda and postwar mythology, including from the former German officers of the division, to give the Wiking Division the reputation of a pan-European force. In truth, the division was at all times equipped with a vast majority of German personnel.

Formation, training and demographics
After the German invasion of Poland in 1939, Heinrich Himmler, the head of the SS, sought to expand the Waffen-SS with foreign military volunteers for the Nazi "crusade against Bolshevism". The enrollment began in April 1940 with the creation of two regiments: the Waffen-SS Regiment Nordland (for Danish, Norwegian, Swedish and a minority of Icelandic volunteers), and the Waffen-SS Regiment Westland (for Dutch and Flemish volunteers).

The Nordic formation, originally organised as the Nordische Division (Nr. 5), was to be made up of Nordic volunteers mixed with German Waffen-SS personnel. The SS Infantry Regiment Germania of the SS-Verfügungs-Division, which was formed mostly from Germans, was transferred to help form the nucleus of a new division in late 1940. In December 1940, the new SS motorised formation was to be designated as SS-Division Germania, but after its formative period, the name was changed, to SS Division Wiking in January 1941. The division was formed around three motorised infantry regiments: Germania, Westland, and Nordland; with the addition of an artillery regiment. Command of the newly formed division was given to Felix Steiner, the former commander of the Verfügungstruppe SS Regiment Deutschland.

After formation, the division was sent to Heuberg in Germany for training; by April 1941, it was ready for combat. The division was ordered east in mid-May, to take part with Army Group South's advance into Ukraine during Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union. In June 1941, the Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS was formed from volunteers from that country. This unit was attached to the SS Regiment Nordland of the division. About 430 Finns who fought in the Winter War served in the SS Division Wiking from the beginning of Barbarossa. In spring 1943, the Finns' two-year contract ended, and the Finnish battalion was withdrawn. During that same timeframe, Regiment Nordland was transferred to help form the core of the new SS Division Nordland. They were replaced by the Estonian Battalion Narwa.

Invasion of the Soviet Union

The division took part in Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, advancing through Galicia, today's Ukraine. In July and August, Wiking participated in the encirclement battles at Uman and Kiev. Later in August, the division fought for the bridgehead across the Dnieper River at Dnepropetrovsk. Finally, the division took part in the heavy fighting for Rostov-on-Don before retreating to the Mius River line in November, to hold for the winter.

In February 1942, the Soviet winter offensive had established breakthroughs on either side of the transportation hub of Izium. A Kampfgruppe was formed around the 1st battalion of the Germania regiment and the division's assault gun battery and sent north to help contain the Soviet thrusts. By the 25th of February, this Kampfgruppe was virtually annihilated in defensive battles near Izium against superior Soviet armored forces. Ultimately the front had been stabilized however, and conditions had been set for the devastating Axis counterattack at the Second Battle of Kharkov a few months later.

During the spring of 1942, the division received reinforcements for the coming offensive, including a battalion of Finnish infantry and a battery of StuG III's to replace earlier losses. In early June 1942, Wiking received its panzer battalion, making it among the first SS Divisions to be given its own armored contingent. The panzer battalion had just under sixty tanks, and was made up of two companies of Panzer IIIs and one company of Panzer IVs. The battalion was commanded by veteran SS officer Johannes Mühlenkamp.

In the summer of 1942, the unit took part in Army Group South's offensive Case Blue, with orders to capture Rostov and the Maikop oil fields. After capturing both targets, the division came to a halt in the foothills of the Caucasus on 14 August. In late September 1942, Wiking participated in the operation aimed to capture the city of Grozny, alongside the 13th Panzer Division. After much difficulty, the division captured the Malgobek ridge on 6 October, but the objective of seizing Grozny and opening a road to the Caspian Sea was not achieved. The division took part in the attempt to seize Ordzhonikidze. The Soviet Operation Uranus, the encirclement of the 6th Army at Stalingrad, brought any further advances to a halt and later necessitated a retreat from the Caucasus.

After Operation Winter Storm, the failed attempt to relieve the 6th Army, Erich von Manstein, the commander of Army Group South, proposed another attempt towards Stalingrad. To that end, Wiking entrained on 24 December; however, by the time it arrived at Zimovniki on 30 December, the Wehrmacht was retreating westwards. The Wiking Division was tasked with covering the retreat of Kleist's First Panzer Army back across the Don. Wiking held Simovniki for seven days, covering the retreat of several large German formations, taking high casualties in the process. The division escaped through the Rostov gap and took up a new defensive position at Stalino on 5 February.

Ukraine, 1943/44
In early 1943, the division fell back to Ukraine south of Kharkov, recently abandoned by the II SS Panzer Corps commanded by Paul Hausser. In the remaining weeks of February, the Corps, including Wiking, engaged Mobile Group Popov, the major Soviet armoured force named after Markian Popov during the Third Battle of Kharkov. As the post-Stalingrad Soviet offensive exhausted itself, Manstein was able to stabilize the front.

In 1943, Herbert Gille was appointed to command the division. The SS Regiment Nordland, along with its commander Fritz von Scholz, were removed from the division and used as the nucleus for the new SS Division Nordland. The Finnish Volunteer Battalion was also withdrawn and they were replaced by the Estonian Battalion Narwa.

In the summer of 1943, the division, along with the 23rd Panzer Division, formed the reserve for Manstein's Army Group in Operation Citadel. Immediately following the German failure in the Battle of Kursk, the Red Army launched two counter-offensives, Operation Kutuzov and Operation Rumyantsev. Wiking, together with the SS Divisions Totenkopf and Das Reich, was sent to the Mius-Bogodukhov sector. The Soviets took Kharkiv on 23 August and began advancing towards the Dnieper. In October the division was pulled out to a quiet sector of the line just as the Dnieper–Carpathian Offensive overtook Army Group South.

In November 1943 the division participated in Operation Harvest Festival, engaging in the mass murder of thousands of Jews at Majdanek concentration camp.

In the aftermath of the fall of Kiev in late December 1943, the 1st and 2nd Ukrainian Fronts of the Red Army encircled several German divisions during the Battle of the Korsun–Cherkassy Pocket in January 1944. Over 60,000 soldiers, including the Wiking division, were trapped along the Dnieper River. Roughly half of German forces broke out of the encirclement. Similar to other formations in the pocket, Wiking suffered heavy casualties and lost nearly all of its heavy equipment.

In early March 1944, while still refitting after its ordeal in the Cherkassy Pocket, the division was ordered to the town of Kovel to help contain a Soviet breakthrough. Only a portion of the division's strength, equipped only with small arms, and the division commander Gruppenführer Herbert Gille, made it into Kovel before being surrounded by Soviet forces. A breakout was deemed impractical, as there were over 2,000 German wounded in the city.

By the end of March 1944, a relief force had been assembled outside of the pocket, led by Obersturmführer Karl Nicolussi-Leck. This force was built around the 8th Company of Wiking's 5th Panzer regiment, which had just received sixteen new Panther tanks. Fighting through determined Soviet resistance and heavy snow, the relief force broke through to the pocket on 30 March. Now able to be resupplied and receive reinforcements, Gille conducted counterattacks throughout April, culminating in the scattering of Soviet forces around Kovel on 24 April.

Through May, the division received replacements for earlier losses, including Panzer IVs, Stug IVs, and Panther tanks. In early June the division was ordered west, to new defensive positions at Maciejow. On 6 July, the Soviet armored advance reached Maciejow. Wiking's tanks and AT guns were well dug-in and camouflaged, and were able to destroy over 300 Soviet armored vehicles in three days of fighting. After bringing the Red Army's advance to a standstill in that sector, Wiking was dispatched to Poland on July 13, 1944.

Warsaw
In late-August 1944, the division was ordered back to Modlin Fortress on the Vistula River line near Warsaw where it joined the newly formed Army Group Vistula. Fighting alongside the Luftwaffe's "Hermann Göring" Panzer Division and SS Division Totenkopf the division participated in the Battle of Radzymin. The German counterattacks brought the Soviet offensive to a halt and the front line stabilized for the rest of the year.The division remained in the Modlin area, grouped with the 3 SS Totenkopf and the IV SS Panzer Corps. Gille was promoted to the command of the new SS Panzer Corps, and after a brief period with Oberführer Eduard Deisenhofer in command, Standartenführer Johannes Mühlenkamp, commander of the SS Panzer Regiment 5 Wiking, took command. Battles around Modlin followed for the rest of the year. In October, Mühlenkamp was replaced by Oberführer Karl Ullrich, who led the division for the rest of the war.

Hungary
In late-December 1944, the German forces, including IX SS Mountain Corps, were encircled in Budapest. The IV SS Panzer Corps was ordered south to join Hermann Balck's 6th Army for a relief effort codenamed Operation Konrad.

As a part of Operation Konrad I, the 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking was committed to action on 1 January 1945, fighting alongside the 3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf. Near Tata, the advance columns of the Wiking attacked the 4th Guards Army. The Soviet forces halted the German advance at Bicske, 28 kilometres from Budapest. After the failure of Konrad I, Wiking was moved south of Esztergom, near the Danube bend.

The second relief attempt, Operation Konrad II, got under way on 7 January with Wiking advancing south towards Budapest. By 12 January, the SS Panzergrenadier Regiment Westland had reached Pilisszentkereszt, 20 kilometres from Buda. Despite initial successes, the division was unable to exploit its breakthrough and was ordered to pull back and regroup.

A third attempt, Operation Konrad III, in cooperation with the III Panzer Corps, took place 100 kilometres to the south. It started on 20 January and achieved initial tactical success. The quick redeployment of more Red Army troops prevented a German breakthrough, turning the German forces back by 28 January. By the end of January, Wiking and Totenkopf had suffered 8,000 casualties, including 200 officers.

On 13 February 1945, the division was ordered west to Lake Balaton, where Oberstgruppenführer Sepp Dietrich's 6th SS Panzer Army was preparing Operation Spring Awakening, an offensive at Lake Balaton. Gille's remained as a support to the 6th SS Panzer Army during the beginning of the operation. Dietrich's army made "good progress" at first, but as they drew near the Danube, the combination of the muddy terrain and strong Soviet resistance ground them to a halt. The division performed a holding operation on the left flank of the offensive, in the area between Lake Velence-Székesfehérvár. As the operation progressed, the division was engaged in preventing Soviet efforts to outflank the advancing German forces. On 16 March, the Soviets forces counterattacked in overwhelming strength, causing the Germans to be driven back to their starting positions. On 24 March, another Soviet attack threw the IV SS Panzer Corps back towards Vienna; all contact was lost with the neighbouring I SS Panzer Corps, and any resemblance of an organised line of defence was gone. Wiking withdrew into Czechoslovakia. The division surrendered to the American forces near Fürstenfeld, Austria on 9 May.

War crimes
Following the killing of Hilmar Wäckerle, one of the division's high ranking field officers, in the city of Lviv, Jews in the area were rounded up by members of the division's logistics units led by Obersturmführer Braunnagel and Untersturmführer Kochalty. A gauntlet was then formed by two rows of soldiers. Most of these soldiers were from the Wiking's logistics units, but some were members of the German 1st Mountain Division. The Jews were then forced to run down this path while being struck by rifle butts and bayonets. At the end of this path stood a number of SS and army officers who shot the Jews as soon as they entered a bomb crater being used as a mass grave. About 50 or 60 Jews were killed in this manner.

In addition, historian Eleonore Lappin, from the Institute for the History of Jews in Austria, has documented several cases of war crimes committed by members of Wiking in her work The Death Marches of Hungarian Jews Through Austria in the Spring of 1945. On 28 March 1945, 80 Jews from an evacuation column, although fit for the journey, were shot by three members of Wiking and five military policemen. On 4 April, 20 members of another column that left Graz tried to escape near the town of Eggenfelden, not far from Gratkorn. Troops from the division stationed there apprehended them in the forest near Mt. Eggenfeld, then herded them into a gully, where they were shot. On 7–11 April 1945, members of the division executed another eighteen escaped prisoners.

In 2013 the NRK quoted "the first Norwegian [to publicly admit] that he participated in war crimes and extermination of Jews in Eastern Europe" during World War II, former soldier of the division Olav Tuff, who admitted: "In one instance in Ukraine during the autumn of 1941, civilians were herded like cattle—into a church. Shortly afterwards soldiers from my unit started to pour gasoline onto the church and somewhere between 200 and 300 humans were burned inside [the church]. I was assigned as guard, and no one came out."

The 2014 Norwegian book Morfar, Hitler og jeg (Grandfather, Hitler and I) quotes the diary of a division soldier from 1941 to 1943: "and then we cleaned a Jew hole".

Order of battle
The organisation structure of this SS formation was as follows:

 * 5th SS Panzer Division Structure (1940):
 * SS Regiment Germania
 * 1. Battalion
 * 2. Battalion
 * 3. Battalion
 * SS Regiment Nordland
 * 1. Battalion
 * 2. Battalion
 * 3. Battalion
 * SS Regiment Westland
 * 1. Battalion
 * 2. Battalion
 * 3. Battalion
 * 5. SS Artillerie
 * 1. Battalion
 * 2. Battalion
 * 3. Battalion
 * 4. Battalion
 * 5. SS Support Battalion
 * 5. SS Engineer Battalion
 * 5. SS Tank-Destroyer Battalion
 * 5. SS Anti-Tank Battalion
 * 1. Sanitary Company
 * 2. Sanitary Company
 * 1. Defense and Works Company
 * 2. Defense and Works Company
 * 3. Defense and Works Company

title: 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking


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Hazel Carby

Hazel Vivian Carby (born 15 January 1948 in Okehampton, Devon) is Professor Emerita of African American Studies and of American Studies. She served as Charles C. and Dorathea S. Dilley Professor of African American Studies and American Studies at Yale University.

Early life and education
Hazel Carby was born to Jamaican and Welsh parents in Okehampton, Devon, UK, on 15 January 1948. She earned a BA degree in English and history from Portsmouth Polytechnic in 1970, then a PGCE in 1972, at the Institute of Education, London University. She taught high school from 1972 to 1979, then went back to university, at Birmingham University Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, where she gained a M.A (1979) and a Ph.D. (1984).

Career
In 1981, Carby was appointed as a lecturer in the English Department at Yale University (1981–82), after which she taught English at Wesleyan University (1982–89), and rejoined Yale University in 1989. She is now Yale's Charles C. and Dorathea S. Dilley Professor of African American Studies and American Studies. Her teaching focuses on race, gender and sexuality in Caribbean and diasporic culture and literature; in transnational and postcolonial literature and theory; in representations of the black female body; and in genres of science fiction.

One of her contributions to African Diaspora studies came with her first book, Reconstructing Womanhood: The Emergence of the Afro-American Woman Novelist (1987). Reconstructing Womanhood offers studies on black female writers including Frances Ellen Watkins Harper, Pauline Elizabeth Hopkins, Anna Cooper, and Ida B. Wells, among others. Carby followed this book with Race Men: The Body and Soul of Race, Nation, and Manhood (1998), a six-essay collection of critiques on historical sites of black masculinity. Her first chapter, "Souls Of Black Men", is a critique of the gender bias in W. E. B. Du Bois' seminal work The Souls of Black Folk (1903). Carby argues that double consciousness is an erasure of Black female subjectivity. She does not question the importance of this text in black scholarship; she recognizes that because of the crucial status of Du Bois and Souls it is important that she undertakes this critique. After Race Men, she penned Cultures in Babylon: Black Britain and African America (1999). Carby has lectured at colleges and universities worldwide including the University of Notre Dame, Stanford University, the University of Paris, and the University of Toronto.

Carby serves on the advisory board of the academic journals Differences, New Formations and Signs.

Awards
Carby's 2019 book Imperial Intimacies: A Tale of Two Islands (Verso) won the British Academy's 2020 Nayef Al-Rodhan Prize for Global Cultural Understanding.

Personal life
Carby married fellow Yale professor Michael Denning on 29 May 1982.

Books

 * Multicultural Fictions, Birmingham: Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies, University of Birmingham, 1980. ISBN 9780704405059,
 * Reconstructing Womanhood: The Emergence of the Afro-American Woman Novelist. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1987. ISBN 9780195041644,
 * Race Men: The W. E. B. Du Bois Lectures. Cambridge, Mass., and London: Harvard University Press, 1998. ISBN 9780674745582,
 * Cultures in Babylon: Black Britain and African America. London and New York: Verso, 1999. ISBN 978-1859848845
 * Imperial Intimacies: A Tale of Two Islands. London: Verso, 2019. ISBN 9781788735094

Selected articles

 * "Figuring the future in Los(t) Angeles." Comparative American Studies, 1.1 (2003): 19–34.
 * "What is This 'Black' in Irish Popular Culture?" European Journal of Cultural Studies, 4.3 (2001): 325–349.
 * "Can the Tactics of Cultural Integration Counter the Persistence of Political Apartheid? Or, The Multicultural Wars, Part Two." In Austin Sarat (ed.), Race, Law and Culture: Reflections on Brown v. Board of Education. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997. 221–28.
 * "National Nightmares: The Liberal Bourgeoisie and Racial Anxiety." In Herbert W. Harris, Howard C. Blue and Ezra E. Griffith (eds), Racial and Ethnic Identity: Psychological Development and Creative Expression. New York: Routledge, 1995. 173–91.
 * "Race and the Academy: Feminism and the Politics of Difference." In Isabel Caldeira (ed.), O Canone Nos Estudos Anglo-Americanos. Coimbra, Portugal: Livraria Minerva, 1994. 247–53.
 * "'Hear My Voice, Ye Careless Daughters': Narratives of Slave and Free Women before Emancipation." In William L. Andrews (ed.), African American Autobiography: A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1993. 59–76.
 * "The Multicultural Wars." Radical History Review, 54.7 (1992): 7–18.
 * "Imagining Black Men: The Politics of Cultural Identity." Yale Review, 80.3 (1992): 186–97.
 * "Policing the Black Woman's Body in an Urban Context." Critical Inquiry, 18.4 (1992): 738–55.
 * "The Politics of Fiction, Anthropology, and the Folk: Zora Neale Hurston." In Michael Awkward (ed.), New Essays on Their Eyes Were Watching God. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991. 71–93.
 * "Re-inventing History/Imagining the Future." Black American Literature Forum, 20.2 (1989): 381–87.
 * "Proletarian or Revolutionary Literature: C. L. R. James and the Politics of the Trinidadian Renaissance." South Atlantic Quarterly, 87 (1988): 39–52.
 * "Ideologies of Black Folk: The Historical Novel of Slavery." In Deborah E. McDowell and Arnold Rampersad (eds), Slavery and the Literary Imagination. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989. 125–43.
 * "The Canon: Civil War and Reconstruction." Michigan Quarterly Review. 28.1 (1989): 35–43.
 * "It Jus Be's Dat Way Sometime: The Sexual Politics of Women's Blues." Radical America, 20 (1987): 9–22.
 * "'On the Threshold of Woman's Era': Lynching, Empire, and Sexuality in Black Feminist Theory." Critical Inquiry, 12.1 (1985): 262–77.
 * "Schooling in Babylon". The Empire Strikes Back: Race and Racism in Seventies Britain. London: Hutchinson, 1982. 182–211.
 * "White Woman Listen! Black Feminism and the Boundaries of Sisterhood." The Empire Strikes Back: Race and Racism in Seventies Britain. London: Hutchinson, 1982. 212–235.

Other work

 * "The Limits of Caste". London Review of Books. Vol. 43 No. 2 · 21 January 2021. Related interview for the LRB Podcast here.

title: Hazel Carby