text:
Talk:Peter Griffin

Alternate voice actors
Is it just me or does the paragraph covering all the 1-off/cut scenes where someone else does Peter's voice seem a bit WP:TRIVIA? DP 76764 (Talk) 21:00, 16 September 2012 (UTC)
 * Yep C T F 8 3 !  00:04, 17 September 2012 (UTC)

Peter's Children.
Shouldn't Bertram be credited as one of Peter's kids? - The Real One Returns (talk) 19:22, 22 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Given his few, one-off-natured appearances, the general consensus has been to not include him. See the FAQ on this talk page for more input. DP 76764  (Talk) 19:27, 22 January 2014 (UTC)
 * Where is the consensus to not include him? -Xcuref1endx (talk) 21:26, 11 November 2014 (UTC)
 * It's in an archive page somewhere now; I don't remember which article though (this one, List of Family Guy characters or where). DP 76764  (Talk) 21:51, 11 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Just checked the archives, I couldn't find a consensus anywhere. -Xcuref1endx (talk) 23:17, 3 January 2015 (UTC)
 * Bertram should indeed be created as one of Peter's children. While Peter himself seems oblivious to his existence, several episodes of the show confirm that he is absolutely is.12.199.22.98 (talk) 17:38, 11 August 2015 (UTC)

Shouldn't Peter Griffin Jr. be considered one of Peter's kids? Y'know, the one Peter shook to death? - ass455 (talk) 23:38, 21 August 2017 (UTC)
 * That was a one-episode-only gag, so it isn't appropriate to include here. Snuggums (talk / edits) 04:49, 22 August 2017 (UTC)

psychopath
Peter Griffin has a psychopath personality. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.103.142.211 (talk) 16:52, 24 February 2014 (UTC)
 * WP:UNSOURCED '''tAD''' (talk) 14:30, 13 July 2014 (UTC)

One off gag job
My additions to the jobs that Peter has had have been reverted. I had added that he had jobs as a New England Patriot and was a knight. These weren't part of the usual gag jobs that were used for a cutaway gag. While they weren't lasting occupations (an episode each), they were important parts of the actual narrative of the episodes. As such, they were not gags. -Xcuref1endx (talk) 05:07, 7 November 2014 (UTC)
 * They certainly weren't just "gags", though I don't know if one-episode-only jobs tend to be included.  Snuggums ( talk  /  edits ) 05:15, 7 November 2014 (UTC)
 * "1-off gags" is admittedly an oversimplification of what they were (we get plenty of attempts to list 1-offs in these articles, so it was an over-quick assessment). As far as I understand, minor (ie: non-recurring) factoids like these are usually not included in these articles.  Willing to wait for more input/opinions, but I think the entries in question are not notable enough to be included.  DP 76764  (Talk) 05:21, 7 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Agreed, it gives undue weight to minor, one episode jobs. Just like Homer Simpson only has power plant listed, despite having hundreds of one episode jobs. C T F 8 3 !  22:35, 7 November 2014 (UTC)
 * I don't know if this is an WP:UNDUE issue. However, the only point I am making, without getting all wikilawyer here, is that these one episode jobs were part of the overall narrative of the family guy world.  Would they be listed if they were a two episode job?  -Xcuref1endx (talk) 04:11, 8 November 2014 (UTC)
 * possibly, but we would probably debate it first. Frietjes (talk) 13:26, 8 November 2014 (UTC)

Justin Griffin
so did Peter ever get his name changed from Justin to Peter from the last episode? 82.16.132.169 (talk) 18:50, 9 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I thought about adding that, but I guess it will go the way of megatron griffin Toten (talk) 20:22, 9 February 2015 (UTC)

Wait. Yes, his full name was revealed in an episode. And he did change his name. Larsconks (talk) 08:23, 8 August 2017 (UTC)

His full name is Justin Peter Griffin, it should at least be mentioned on the page Theric420 (talk) 03:10, 16 November 2018 (UTC)

 * No because that was a one-episode-only gag. On the other hand, mentions within multiple episodes would make such an addition more worthy. Snuggums (talk / edits) 04:14, 16 November 2018 (UTC)

Removed Lowenbrau
There is only one episode which mentions this as his middle name, once, the same as there is only one episode which makes jokes about his actual name being Justin. Therefore, we should just stick to the name the character is most known by, as this proves there is elasticity to his name because...it's a cartoon '''tAD''' (talk) 22:07, 11 February 2015 (UTC)
 * I completely disagree. This is an absurd policy. Any name which was mentioned in the show as being his legal name should be mentioned as one of his names in the article. "Peter Griffin (or Justin Peter Griffin, or Peter Lowebrau Griffin)" would be a perfectly reasonable opening for this article, with references to the episodes mentioning each name. Also, both names (and any future that are mentioned) should be listed under "Full Name" in the character info, where it would also make sense to list "Kichwa Tembo" and "Gggwggwg" as names he has gone by briefly. Same with "Megatron Griffin" in the Meg article. I'm not sure who unilaterally decided to change obvious and common-sense policies on character names on Wikipedia just for Family Guy, but they are wrong, and your "therefore" argument is utter nonsense: plenty of critical facts about fictional characters across all forms of media are only mentioned once. Even if it were a "cutaway gag" (it wasn't, it was featured heavily in the main plotline of an entire episode), there is no argument to support not listing it as one of his full names.MarcelB612 (talk) 06:31, 9 March 2015 (UTC)

Praise
Please add on to the praise section of the Peter Griffin articular to include:

Peter griffin’s popularity extends far past simply being a name on a list he has also been able to develop an intense real world fan following. Since 2014, comic-con pattern Robert Franzese has donned the alter ego of peter griffin. As himself Robert Franzese refers to himself as being a “no body with a no body job…”but, once he put on the cos-play and voice of Peter Griffin he becomes a “somebody”. Theophilous56 (talk) 06:03, 9 March 2015 (UTC)

 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format. —  13:25, 9 March 2015 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 24 October 2015
The semi-protected only account users.

Protected indefinite!

Account edit page. 81.177.140.144 (talk) 17:11, 24 October 2015 (UTC)

What? protect page. 81.177.140.144 (talk) 17:11, 24 October 2015 (UTC)

More importantly, you have not cited reliable sources to back up your request, without which no information should be added to, or changed in, any article. - Arjayay (talk) 17:38, 24 October 2015 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: as you have not requested a specific change in the form "Please replace XXX with YYY" or "Please add ZZZ between PPP and QQQ".

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Voice inspired by...
At the top of the article I read that Peter's voice was inspired by a janitor at MacFarlane's school, under the header character - Voice it was suddenly inspired by a security guard... One has to be wrong, which is it?  O X Y G E N E 7-13  ( T A L K P A G E)  15:47, 20 September 2016 (UTC)
 * "Janitor" is not sourced. "A security guard" is sourced. The photo caption claims "the voices of security guards and maintenance he had heard talking", also unsourced. The source actually says, "the security guards" (plural).
 * Good catch. I'll clean it up. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 15:58, 20 September 2016 (UTC)

Too many categories
Aren't there way to many categories included in this article? It looks like that everything he has done during a single "cut scene" is included... I mean: Fictional fishers, Fictional methamphetamine users, Fictional toymakers and toy inventors... Seriously!?  O X Y G E N E 7-13  ( T A L K P A G E)  16:27, 23 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Agreed. I've purged lots of non-defining traits in accordance with WP:Overcategorization. Snuggums (talk / edits) 16:31, 23 January 2017 (UTC)

Correct Full name Justin Peter Griffin
In the episode "Quagmire's Mom" Season 13 it revealed in a scene at the bank that on Peter's birth certificate his real full name is "Justin Peter Griffin" Peter being his middle name and Justin his first Shubamz (talk) 01:24, 5 February 2017 (UTC)

Update: after further review I see this has already been discussed and dismissed Shubamz (talk) 01:30, 5 February 2017 (UTC)

Shubamz, don't even think that it's false, because it's not. Larsconks (talk) 08:24, 8 August 2017 (UTC)

The Forename and Surname Sake
Peter Griffin is a kind of common name, but there are a few people named Peter Griffin. User talk:MattWorks 11:48, 24 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Character is primary topic, see WP:Disambiguation (WP:PRIMARYTOPIC) for more. Snuggums (talk / edits) 15:56, 24 April 2017 (UTC)

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Semi-protected edit request on 2 January 2018
In the categories section, please add “Category:Fictional American people of Irish descent”. 213.205.251.242 (talk) 15:13, 2 January 2018 (UTC)
 * this isn't worth including per WP:Overcategorization when it's not a trait he's prominently noted for. Snuggums (talk / edits) 15:20, 2 January 2018 (UTC)

All three of his children are listed under this category, and it is not a defining characteristic for them either. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.205.251.198 (talk • contribs) 09:59, January 3, 2018 (UTC)

 * Congratulations! You've found three mistakes you can correct.

 * If other articles are categorized with non-defining categories, we should correct them, not spread the error. The alternative is to add the hundreds (literally) of other categories that aren't defining here, but kinda sorta fit.

 * If, OTOH, you feel this generally accepted editing guideline is wrong, you'll want to work to change it. The talk page at Categorization would be a good place to start. - Sum mer PhD v2.0 15:44, 3 January 2018 (UTC)
 * Pictogram voting comment.svg Note: Closing this edit request based on the contributions from the above editors. st  170  e  16:05, 3 January 2018 (UTC)

add a category
you should add Fictional sexual assault victims as he's been raped while in a federal prison and by a bull.

== Where's all the information on Peter Griffin-related ironic Internet memes (e.g. Hey Beter, Family Guy Funny Moments etc.) that have come to define Peter Griffin's image on the Internet in more recent years? ==

See the title of this section. Zakawer (talk) 10:24, 13 February 2020 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 7 January 2021
Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. TimSmit (talk) 15:27, 7 January 2021 (UTC)

Category:Fictional sexual assault victims
He's been raped several times throughout the series. Skip 1:46 to 3:26. 68.193.175.208 (talk) 15:13, 7 January 2021 (UTC)

Hi
Hi 82.41.98.16 (talk) 09:34, 25 June 2022 (UTC)

Peter griffin children
Peter griffin technically has 4 kids. One episode flashes back to Peter and Lois at a funeral for Peter Griffin Jr. where his death is hinted from Peter shaking his child to death to stop his cry 130.51.132.36 (talk) 10:42, 9 August 2022 (UTC)

Are you a griffin served in Vietnam
Peter griffin served in Vietnam his grand his died in war 68.186.157.29 (talk) 01:42, 23 August 2022 (UTC)

Peter Griffin
Hi 2001:7D0:49C0:7984:7507:1BD7:CDBA:A07A (talk) 15:05, 28 November 2022 (UTC)

Who is that like a bone in it in the turkey burger
Eda the horse you’re here 2603:6080:DB00:32B2:4DF0:A8C7:6F19:9F1C (talk) 23:40, 18 December 2022 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 10 January 2023
Under Peter Griffin's nationality it says that he is mexican, which in fact he is not. Peter Griffin is irish american my souce is google Digornoooo (talk) 18:06, 10 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Khrincan  ( talk ) 18:30, 10 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Peter was born in Mexico, as shown in the episode Padre de Familia JSory (talk) 09:47, 19 March 2023 (UTC)

Peter Griffin Sr.
He has a dead son named Peter Griffin Jr. as seen in episode "The Juice is Loose!", I am not sure why the 'Sr.' was removed from his name, but I added it back. Derpytoucan  (talk)  — Preceding undated comment added 19:45, 13 January 2023 (UTC)

Peter Griffin's height
What episode was his height mentioned? I don't think it's even worth mentioning at all because all characters usually look the same height all the time and there is basically no consistency in this show. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2604:3D08:7882:6200:A1EF:8987:B098:2364 (talk) 17:15, 31 March 2023 (UTC)

Peter griffins age
Is the episode 2600:1003:B117:88AF:4119:DF21:3872:CDB4 (talk) 23:19, 5 July 2023 (UTC)

Peter Griffin in Fortnite
Would that be something worth mentioning in a section of the Peter Griffin article?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N0qzSv9c0IY&lc=UgwqtSb9QLTjjPSFDNx4AaABAg.9xqpnpehB9s9xqtXXOB3Jl

Shanshansan (talk) 07:11, 3 December 2023 (UTC)

 * Yes. LegalSmeagolian (talk) 19:01, 27 March 2024 (UTC)

Semi-protected edit request on 8 March 2024
{{subst:trim|1=

his

}his name is spelled wrong} 75.150.243.137 (talk) 19:45, 8 March 2024 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Sincerely, Guessitsavis (she/they) (Talk) 21:09, 8 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Peter Griffin


text: User talk:64.166.167.84

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:64.166.167.84


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Corn fed

To those opting for delete, suggest a better def. Corn Fed is worthy


text:
Princess Stéphanie

Princess Stéphanie may refer to:

 * Princess Stéphanie of Monaco (born 1965), youngest child of Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and American actress Grace Kelly
 * Princess Stéphanie of Belgium (1864–1945), daughter of Léopold II, King of the Belgians, and wife of Crown Prince Rudolf of Austria
 * Princess Stéphanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1837–1859), daughter of Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern, and wife of Pedro V, King of Portugal
 * Princess Stéphanie of France (1789–1860), adopted daughter of Napoléon I, Emperor of the French, and wife of Karl, Grand Duke of Baden
 * Princess Stephanie of Windisch-Graetz (1909–2005), daughter of Prince Otto Weriand of Windisch-Grätz
 * Stéphanie, Hereditary Grand Duchess of Luxembourg (born 1984) Belgian noble, wife of Guillaume, Hereditary Grand Duke of Luxembourg

title: Princess Stéphanie


text:
Sin City (description)

Sin City is a nickname that may be applied to an urban area (a city or part of) that caters to various vices. These vices may be legal (depending on area) or illegal activities which are tolerated.

Examples of such vices include sex-related services (prostitution, strip clubs, sex shops, etc.), gambling (casinos, betting shops, etc.), or drug use (alcohol, marijuana, etc. consumption), and even excessive organized crime and gang activity. If the city is known for prostitution, it is often called a red-light district, as in Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Sin Cities in the world
Cities or areas that have this reputation include:

Africa

 * Morocco
 * Marrakesh (prostitution, gambling, drinking, clubbing)

Asia

 * Bahrain
 * Manama (drinking, clubs, prostitution)
 * China
 * Dongguan (prostitution)
 * Macau (gambling, organized crime, clubbing, prostitution, drinking)
 * India
 * Mumbai (drinking, drugs, gambling, prostitution, organized crime)
 * Israel
 * Tel Aviv (strip clubs, drinking, clubbing, parties)
 * Lebanon
 * Beirut (prostitution, strip clubs, cabarets, drugs, drinking, clubbing).
 * Philippines
 * Angeles City (prostitution, gambling, drinking, clubbing)
 * Thailand
 * Bangkok (prostitution, strip clubs, sex shows, scams, BDSM, brothels, massage parlors, cabarets, go-go bars, drugs, drinking, clubbing)
 * Pattaya (prostitution, strip clubs, sex shows, BDSM, brothels, massage parlors, cabarets, go-go bars, drugs, drinking, clubbing)

Europe

 * Cyprus
 * Ayia Napa (drugs, drinking, clubbing)
 * Czech Republic
 * Prague (prostitution, organized crime, police corruption, clubbing, strip clubs, brothels, marijuana consumption)
 * Greece
 * Athens (prostitution, drugs, brothels, clubbing, drinking, scams, organized crime, police corruption)
 * The Netherlands
 * Amsterdam (prostitution, brothels, strip clubs, sex shops, sex shows, marijuana consumption)
 * Russia
 * Moscow (organized crime, gangs, clubbing, drinking, drugs, police corruption, political corruption, prostitution, strip clubs)
 * Spain
 * Ibiza (clubbing, drugs)
 * Malta
 * Paceville
 * United Kingdom
 * Liverpool, England
 * Soho, London, England

North America

 * Canada
 * Montreal became well known as one of North America's "sin cities" with unparalleled nightlife, a reputation it still holds today. In part, its bustling nightlife is attributed to its relatively late "last call" (3 a.m.), a large university population, the drinking age of 18, and the excellent public transportation system combines with other aspects of the Montreal culture to make the city's nightlife unique. The diversity of the clubs in Montreal attests to the popularity of its nightlife, with night clubs, pubs, bars and singing bars ("boîte à chanson"), Latin clubs, African clubs, jazz clubs, lounges, after-hours houses, and strip clubs all attracting different types of customers.

 * Mexico
 * Tijuana (drugs, prostitution, drinking, police corruption, strip clubs)

 * United States
 * Alabama
 * Phenix City
 * California
 * Los Angeles and its Hollywood district (bank robberies, porn industry, sex-publishing industries, tabloids, prostitution (Sunset & Vine); also includes police corruption, nightclubs, drugs, drinking, strip clubs, gangs.)
 * San Francisco (organized crime, gangs, drugs, and prostitution)
 * Florida
 * Miami (gangs, organized crime, drug trafficking, prostitution, drinking, political and police corruption, scams, strip clubs)
 * Illinois
 * Calumet City (organized crime, illegal alcohol consumption, gambling, prostitution)
 * Chicago (organized crime, political and police corruption)
 * Kentucky
 * Newport is the first city within North America to be coined the title due to its role in prostitution, gambling, gangs, gunplay, racketeering, and many others.
 * Nevada
 * Las Vegas (gambling, bookmaking, easy marriage, easy divorce, organized crime, prostitution [however, prostitution is illegal in Las Vegas and Clark County], strip clubs, cabarets, clubbing, 24-hour liquor sales [as in all of Nevada]; quote: "What happens in Vegas, stays in Vegas."). In former days it was known also for organized crime and police and political corruption.
 * Reno (gambling, drinking, strip clubs, clubbing, easy marriage, easy divorce, prostitution [however, prostitution is illegal in Reno and Washoe County] 24-hour liquor sales [as in all of Nevada]).
 * New Jersey
 * Atlantic City (gambling, bookmaking, organized crime, drinking, prostitution, clubbing, and strip clubs) (Known as the World Famous Playground) (In the old days it was known also for organized crime, police corruption, and political corruption).
 * New York
 * New York City formerly known for out of control crime, Times Square's sex shops and prostitution and barely hidden drug trade and citywide gangs, including many Mob families and police and political corruption.

South America

 * Brazil
 * Rio de Janeiro (male & female prostitution, scams, notorious prison system, police corruption, political corruption, drinking, drugs, favelas, gangs, clubbing)
 * Colombia
 * Medellin (police corruption, prostitution, drinking, drugs, gangs, clubbing)
 * Venezuela
 * Caracas (scams, prison system corruption, police corruption, political corruption, prostitution, organized crime, drinking, drugs, slums, gangs, robbery, clubbing, drug trafficking, violence)

Oceania

 * Australia
 * Australian Capital Territory
 * Canberra – Canberra is regarded as the most socially progressive city in Australia; the city has long had a large and legal sex industry and a large nightlife scene; the ACT is also the only part of Australia where recreational cannabis usage is legal
 * New South Wales
 * Sydney
 * Kings Cross – A historically notorious inner-city of Sydney, although this reputation is outdated with the imposition of new lockout laws in February 2014 changing the character of the area dramatically, and arguably eliminating the only "sin city" in Australia. (Prostitution, brothels, gambling (illegal and legal), organized crime, bikie gangs (to an extent), police corruption, drugs, strip clubs, drinking, excessive, drunken and random violence.)
 * Queensland
 * Gold Coast
 * Mount Isa – known for its alcohol
 * Northern Territory
 * Palmerston
 * Gray
 * Victoria
 * Melbourne

 * New Zealand
 * Auckland
 * Christchurch

Asia

 * China
 * Shanghai – 1920s and 1930s (organized crime, opium dens, gambling, police corruption, political corruption, prostitution)

Europe

 * Weimar Republic
 * Berlin – 1920s and early 1930s (prostitution, numerous cabarets, decadence in general)
 * Monto, Dublin – (prostitution, crime)

North America

 * Canada
 * Montreal, Quebec, which earned a reputation for vice through American tourists fleeing the prohibition laws.
 * United States
 * Alabama
 * Phenix City, was notorious during the 1940s and 1950s for being a haven for organized crime, prostitution, and gambling. Many of its customers came from the United States Army training center at Fort Benning, Georgia.
 * Florida
 * Miami, during the 1970s and 1980s (organized crime, drug trafficking, gangs, strip clubs, clubbing, drinking, police corruption, prostitution, brothels and political corruption)
 * Illinois
 * Chicago in the 1920s to 1930s (prostitution, bootlegging, cabarets, speakeasies, illegal gambling, bank robberies, police corruption, political corruption, organized crime, and gang activity)
 * Indiana
 * Michigan City was considered Sin City in the 1980-1990s, with the proliferation of massage parlors.
 * Terre Haute was labeled Sin City by the monthly magazine Stag in 1955. (reputation for being "wide open", with gambling and a well-developed "red light district"). Now the federal death row is in Terre Haute at the Terre Haute Federal Correctional Complex.
 * Kentucky
 * Covington, Kentucky (brothels, gambling, organized crime)
 * Newport, Kentucky (brothels, gambling, organized crime)
 * Massachusetts
 * Boston, Massachusetts, from the early-1960s to the early-1990s recession years, known for the Scollay Square burlesque district and the Combat Zone adult entertainment district, Suffolk Downs on the Revere city line, notorious housing projects, the largest policy racket in the United States, loan shark offices at Bennington and Brooks streets in the East Boston district, and rowdy Irish pubs aligned along West Broadway and Dorchester streets in the South Boston district.
 * Lynn, Massachusetts, during the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s, known for its famous rhyme, "Lynn, Lynn, the city of sin, you never come out the way you go in.
 * Louisiana
 * New Orleans from 1897 through 1917, Storyville district (prostitution, brothels, gambling, and speakeasies)
 * New York
 * New York City in the mid to late 19th Century and 20th century (prostitution, brothels, illegal gambling, notorious slums, pickpocketing, police corruption, political corruption, drugs, gangs, organized crime), Times Square from the mid-1960s until circa 1990 (prostitution, pornography, go-go bars, sex shops, sex shows, squeegee men, strip clubs, clubbing, drugs, organized crime)
 * Utica, in the 1930s through the 1950s for the extent of its corruption and control from political machines, presence of organized crime.
 * Texas
 * Galveston in the 1920s to 1957 (prostitution, organized crime, gambling, speakeasies, drinking, police corruption, political corruption)

Oceania

 * Australia
 * Western Australia
 * Kalgoorlie – once home to many brothels and pubs that opened in the morning

title: Sin City (description)


text:
Sara Bartoli

Sara Bartoli is better known as the "Angel Baby Who Protected the Pope". On May 13, 1981, Mehmet Ali Ağca shot Pope John Paul II as he entered St. Peter's Square. It would be later revealed that the shooter held off the shot when he saw the Pope hold baby Sara in the air. Mehmet would wait until the baby was safe. Sara was 18 months old at the time and in a blue dress.

At the time of John Paul II's death on April 2, 2005, Sara was a 25-year-old mother-to-be living in Lariano, Italy.

title: Sara Bartoli


text:
Asante Samuel

Asante T. Samuel Sr. (born January 6, 1981) is an American former professional football cornerback in the National Football League (NFL). He was born in Accra, Ghana and raised in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He played college football for the UCF Knights and was drafted by the New England Patriots in the fourth round of the 2003 NFL draft. Samuel also played for the Philadelphia Eagles and Atlanta Falcons. He led the NFL twice in interceptions, in 2006 and 2009, and is considered one of the all-time greatest Patriots and cornerbacks. He is the father of Asante Samuel Jr., a cornerback who was drafted by the Los Angeles Chargers.

Early life
Samuel was born in Accra, Ghana, and raised in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, where he attended Boyd H. Anderson High School in Lauderdale Lakes, Florida. As a junior quarterback, he threw for 1,800 yards and rushed for 500 yards. As a senior, Samuel concentrated on defense, and earned All-State honors, and finished his senior year with 4 interceptions and 75 tackles. Samuel also managed kick and punt return duties. Ten minutes before kickoff of Samuel's final high school game, he replaced his team's injured starting quarterback. He threw two touchdown passes, intercepted two more, rushed for 80 yards, and even worked on special teams returning kicks and punts. Samuel decreased his 40-yard dash time from 4.5 seconds during his sophomore year of high school to 4.39 seconds entering the NFL.

College career
Samuel attended the University of Central Florida, majored in business administration, and played for the UCF Knights football team. He finished his college career with 127 tackles (102 solo, 25 assisted), 8 interceptions, and a school-record 38 passes deflected (the previous record was 34 deflections). Samuel also returned 63 punts for 673 yards, for an average of 10.7 yards per return.

New England Patriots
The New England Patriots selected Samuel in the fourth round (120th overall) of the 2003 NFL draft. The New England Patriots traded their fourth (128th overall) and fifth round (157th overall) picks to the Denver Broncos in exchange for Denver's fourth round pick (120th overall) in order to draft Samuel. Samuel was the 16th cornerback drafted in 2003.

On June 10, 2003, the New England Patriots signed Samuel to a four-year, $1.68 million contract.

At the start of the 2004 season, the Patriots' starting corners were Tyrone Poole and Ty Law. After both were sidelined by injuries, Samuel became a starter, and started for the Patriots in Super Bowl XXXIX. He would start at corner the following season, as he maintained that position for the rest of his tenure with the Patriots.

In 2006, the Patriots began the season with Samuel and Ellis Hobbs at cornerback. By the end of the regular season, Samuel had intercepted a career-high 10 passes, which put him in a tie for first in the 2006 season (with Champ Bailey of the Broncos); the mark is the second-best ever for a Patriot (in 1964 Ron Hall had 11). On November 26, 2006, Samuel tied the Patriots' mark for most interceptions in a single game when he picked off three passes in a week 12 game against the Chicago Bears.

He intercepted a pass and returned it for a touchdown twice in the 2006 NFL Playoffs: first against the New York Jets to clinch their 1st round victory and then in the AFC Championship Game against the Indianapolis Colts to extend the lead to 21–3. However, the Colts mounted a comeback in the second half of the game and defeated the Patriots, 38–34.

On February 16, 2007, the Patriots placed the franchise tag on him. After holding out for most of the preseason, Samuel signed the one-year $7.79 million tender on August 27, 2007, to fulfill his obligation under the franchise tag. He was eligible for free agency again at the end of the 2007 season. According to The Boston Globe, if Samuel participated in 60% of the defensive snaps or the Patriots win 12 games, his contract stipulated that the team would not place the franchise tag on him for the following season. Samuel finished the 2007 regular season with six interceptions, returning one for a touchdown. During his franchised season, he was named to the 2008 Pro Bowl and helped lead the Patriots to Super Bowl XLII. Late in the game, Samuel dropped a pass thrown by Eli Manning that would have sealed up the Super Bowl for the Patriots. On the next play, Manning completed a pass to David Tyree known as the Helmet Catch that led to an upset.

2008 season
Samuel was thought to be one of the most sought-after free agents of the 2008 NFL offseason. Within minutes of the start of free agency on February 29, 2008, Samuel was reportedly already setting up a meeting with the Philadelphia Eagles. Later that day, he signed a six-year, $56 million contract with the Eagles. Upon being signed, Samuel was quoted as saying, “I just want to be able to win and get back to the Super Bowl.” On August 22, 2008, he made his return to New England during the third week of the preseason. Asante Samuel made his regular season Eagles debut on September 7, 2008, against the St. Louis Rams. He was a Pro Bowl Reserve for his stellar play with 4 interceptions and one touchdown. It was Samuel's 2nd appearance in the Pro Bowl, his 1st with the Philadelphia Eagles. On January 4, 2009, Samuel returned an interception for a 44-yard touchdown, his fourth interception returned for a touchdown in the postseason which set an NFL record. The following week, Samuel picked off Eli Manning, returning the ball to the Giants' two-yard line.

2009 season
On December 20, 2009, against the San Francisco 49ers, Samuel made his eighth interception of the year to break Troy Vincent's record of seven interceptions in a season under head coach Andy Reid. Vincent set the record during the 1999 season.

With nine interceptions in 2009, Samuel tied for second in Eagles history for interceptions in a season, with Don Burroughs (1960) and Ed "Bibbles" Bawel (1955).

Samuel was selected to the 2010 Pro Bowl as a starter in recognition of his stellar season. The 2010 Pro Bowl was the fourth time that Samuel was chosen for the game.

Atlanta Falcons
The Atlanta Falcons acquired Samuel from the Eagles on April 25, 2012, in exchange for a seventh-round draft pick in 2012.

Although Samuel totaled five interceptions in the 2012 season, he only managed one in 2013, and on February 5, 2014, the Falcons released him.

Personal life
Samuel has a tattoo on his left arm that says "Get Rich To This." It was widely reported during Samuel's post-2006 season contract situation that the tattoo said "Get Paid". Samuel's tattoo is the name of a Goodie Mob song that Samuel liked in college.

Samuel married his wife in 2012. Samuel's son, Asante Jr., was born in 1999 and played cornerback at Florida State University. He was drafted by the Los Angeles Chargers in the 2021 NFL draft.

title: Asante Samuel


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Bettiah

Bettiah is a city and the administrative headquarters of West Champaran district (Tirhut Division) - (Tirhut). It is near the Indo-Nepal border, 225 km northwest of Patna, in the state of Bihar, India.

History
In 1244 A.D., Gangeshwar Dev, a Brahmin of the Jaitharia clan, settled at Jaithar in Champaran. One of his descendants, Agar Sen, acquired large territories during the reign of Emperor Jehangir, and was bestowed the title of 'Raja' by Emperor Shah Jahan. In 1659, he was succeeded by his son Raja Guj Singh, who built the palace of the family at Bettiah. He died in 1694 A.D. The palace stands today and is used as a marketplace.

In 1740, a Roman Catholic mission was founded in the city.

In 1765, when the East India Company acquired the Diwani, the Bettiah Raj held the largest amount of territory under its jurisdiction. It consisted of all of Champaran except for a small portion held by the Ram Nagar Raj (also held by a Brahmin family).

Maharaja Sir Harendra Kishore Singh was the last king of Bettiah Raj. He was born in 1854 and succeeded his father, the late Maharaja Rajendra Kishore Singh Bahadur in 1883. In 1884, he received the title of Maharaja Bahadur as a personal distinction and a Khilat and a sanad from the hands of the Lieutenant Governor of Bengal, Sir Augustus Rivers Thompson. He was created a Knight Commander of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire on 1 March 1889. He was appointed a member of the Legislative Council of Bengal in January 1891. He was also a member of The Asiatic Society. He was the last ruler of Bettiah Raj. Maharaja Sir Harendra Kishore Singh Bahadur died heirless on 26 March 1893, leaving behind two widows, Maharani Sheo Ratna Kunwar and Maharani Janki Kunwar. There are a few institutions named after the queen Maharani Janki Kunwar, such as M.J.K College and M.J.K Hospital. The Bettiah Gharana was one of the oldest styles of vocalized music. Madhuban was part of the erstwhile 'Bettiah Raj'. Internal disputes and family quarrels divided the Bettiah Raj as time went on. As a result, the Madhuban Raj was created.

In 1869, Bettiah was constituted and affirmed as a municipality.

A section of Dhrupad singers of Dilli Gharana (Delhi Gharana) from the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan's court had migrated to Bettiah under the patronage of Bettiah Raj, and thus was sown the seed of Bettiah Gharana. The well-known Dagar brothers had praised the Bettiah Dhrupad singers and some of them were invited to the Bharat Bhavan in Bhopal to perform with other accomplished singers in 1990.

The University of Bihar has a local branch of its college in Bettiah, M.J.K. College, first established in 1955 under the name of Bettiah Mahavidyalya. The current name is in honor of Maharani Janki Kunwar of the Bettiah Raj.

On 26 December 2020, Bettiah became a municipal corporation. It includes Tola San Saraiya, Banuchapar, Kargahiya east and nearby areas. Development and upgrades to the local infrastructure are planned.

Climate
The climate of Bettiah is characterised by high temperatures and high precipitation especially during the monsoon season. The Köppen Climate Classification sub-type for this climate is "Cwa" (Dry-winter humid subtropical climate).

Demographics
As of 2011 Indian Census, Bettiah NP had a total population of 132,209, of which 69,529 were males and 62,680 were females. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 18,995. The total number of literates in Bettiah was 91,298, which constituted 69.1% of the population with male literacy of 72.7% and female literacy of 64.9%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Bettiah was 80.6%, of which male literacy rate was 85.0% and female literacy rate was 75.8%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 8,266 and 828 respectively. Bettiah had 24,463 households in 2011.

As per 2011 census, the Bettiah Urban Agglomeration had a total population of 156,200, with 82,663 males and 73,537 females. The population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 22,067, and the effective literacy rate (literacy of people above the age of 7) was 80.89%. The urban agglomeration includes Bettiah (municipal corporation), Tola Mansaraut (census town), Kargahia Purab (census town) and Hat Saraiya (census town).

On 26 December 2020, Bettiah became a municipal corporation. It included Tola San Saraiya, Banuchapar, Kargahiya east, and other nearby areas. The total population at this time was 414,453

Tourism

 * Amwaman Lake- state's first Water sports zone
 * Sagar Pokhra Bettiah
 * Udaypur Wildlife Sanctuary
 * Hajarimal Dharmshala- Shyam Baba Mandir
 * Mata Ranisati Mandir
 * Gopinath Panchayat Mandir
 * Sant Ghat Mandir & River Bank
 * Joda Shivalay Mandir
 * Saraiyaman Jheel
 * Shahid Smarak
 * Raj Dwedhy- Raj Palace
 * Raj Kachhary
 * Nazarbagh Park
 * Maa Kalibagh Dham
 * Durgabagh Mandir
 * Christian Quarter Catholic Church
 * Jangi Mosque
 * Machhli Lok
 * Valmiki National Park- a tiger reserve

Railway
Bettiah is connected to different cities of India through railways. Bettiah railway station is the main railway station serving the city. Direct trains are available to all the major destinations across India like Patna, Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Guwahati, Ahemdabad, Lucknow, Jaipur, Jammu & Katra, etc.

Prajapati Halt railway station, also known as Bettiah Cant Railway station, is another railway station serving the city.

Roadway
The National Highways 727, 139W, 28B, 727aa, and State Highway 54 pass through the city.

The National Highway Authority of India (NHAI) has declared a new Patna-Bettiah road as National Highway 139W, setting the stage for the construction of a high-quality four-lane road between the two towns that would reduce the distance between them to 167 kilometres from the current 200-odd km, and travel time to around two hours.

The new Gopalganj-Bettiah Road passes through the New Town section of Tola San Saraiyan. Through this new road, a distance of 60 km is shortened from the commute to Gopalganj-Bettiah.

A new expressway is currently being constructed via Bettiah which links Gorakhpur to Siliguri.

A direct NH is being constructed to link Bettiah to Gorakhpur, designated 727aa. NH727AA connects Manuapul (Bettiah), Patzirwa, Paknaha, Pipraghat, and Sevrahi in the states of Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

Airway
The nearest airport is Kushinagar International Airport which is about 97 km from Bettiah. The nearest airport in Bihar is Jay Prakash Narayan International Airport located in Patna which is about 200 km from Muzaffarpur and 177 km from Areraj.

Schools

 * Alok Bharati Shikshan Sansthan English Medium School, Bettiah
 * Amna Urdu High School, Bettiah
 * Oxford Public Boarding & High School, Bettiah
 * Assembly of God Church School, Bettiah
 * Bipin High School, Bettiah
 * Delhi Public School, Bettiah
 * Jawahar Navoday Vidyalaya, Vrindavan, Bettiah
 * Kendriya Vidyalaya, Bettiah
 * Khrist Raja High School, Bettiah
 * Kidzee Play School, Bettiah
 * Krishna International Public School, Bettiah
 * National Public Higher Secondary School, Bettiah
 * Notre Dame Public School, Bettiah
 * Raj Enter Secondary School, Bettiah
 * R.L international School, Bettiah
 * S.S. Girls High School, Bettiah
 * Sacred Heart High School, Bettiah
 * Sarsawati Vidya Mandir, Bettiah
 * St. Joseph’s School, Bettiah
 * St. Mary/Remijius High School, Bettiah
 * St. Michael’s Academy. Bettiah
 * St. Teresa's Girls' Senior Secondary School, Bettiah
 * St. Xavier's Higher Secondary School, Bettiah

Colleges

 * Government Medical College, Bettiah
 * Government Engineering College, West Champaran
 * Government Polytechnic,West Champaran
 * Maharani Janki Kunwar College, Bettiah
 * Ram Lakhan Singh Yadav College, Bettiah
 * Gulab Memorial College, Bettiah
 * MRRG College, Bettiah
 * MNM Mahila College, Bettiah
 * St. Teresa Primary Teachers Training College, Bettiah
 * Chanakya College of Education, Bettiah
 * Raj Inter College, Bettiah

Notable people

 * Manoj Bajpai, Indian film actor
 * Prakash Jha, Indian film producer, director, and screenwriter
 * Renu Devi, first female and 7th Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar
 * Satish Chandra Dubey, politician and Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha
 * Sanjay Jaiswal, politician and president of Bharatiya Janata Party, Bihar
 * Damodar Raao, Indian film Music Director, Singer, Producer, and Lyrics writer
 * Krishna Kumar Mishra, former member of Legislative assembly, Chanpatia (Bihar)
 * Vikas Mishra, former Vice-Chancellor, Kurukshetra University
 * Gopal Singh Nepali, Hindi poet and Bollywood lyricist
 * Gauri Shankar Pandey, former member of Legislative assembly, Bettiah (Bihar)
 * Kedar Pandey, 14th Chief Minister of Bihar
 * Raj Kumar Shukla, Indian independence activist

title: Bettiah


text:
Hajipur

Hajipur is the headquarters and largest city of Vaishali district of the state of Bihar in India. Hajipur is the 16th most populous city of Bihar, besides being the second-fastest developing city, next to Patna. It had a total population of 1.47 lakh as per census 2011. Vaishali district is ranked 8th among 38 districts in Bihar in terms of growth.

The city is known for cultivating Bananas. Patna, is only 10 km from Hajipur, with the cities separated by the Ganges river. The metropolitan region of Patna comprises the Patna Regional Development Authority (PRDA) area includes Hajipur under Bihar Urban Infrastructure Development Corporation. Mahatma Gandhi Setu, one of the longest bridges in the world at 5.75 km links Hajipur to Patna. After Patna, it is the fastest-developing city in Bihar, primarily because of its proximity to Patna. Hajipur lies on the north bank of the Ganga while Patna lies on the south, the Gandhi Setu bridge connects both cities. Another bridge, the Digha–Sonpur Bridge, which crosses the Ganga north-west of Patna, narrows the distance between Hajipur and Patna. There have been plans to expand Patna to Greater Patna, which would entail absorbing Hajipur, Bidupur and other surrounding towns.

The area of Hajipur city is spread across 19.64 km2. The city is divided into 39 Wards. Hajipur is the only twin city of Patna and lies nearest to the capital and shares most of its government works, headquarters, educational institutions. Being another district headquarters, it is equal to the capital in terms of powers.

Etymology
The founder of Hajipur, Haji Shamsuddin Ilyas Shah's tomb is now called as Haji-Pir and the name of the headquarters of Vaishali district, "Hajipur" emerged from the same word.

History
In ancient times, Hajipur was known as Ukkacala and was the first village after crossing the Ganga at Patna. The village of Hajipur gained significance, as it was the venue of one of the discourses given by Buddha. Buddha preached the Cula Gopalaka Sutta, a Middle Length Discourse, here. Along with that, it is also of interest because a portion of Ananda's ashes were enshrined in the town. Ananda, the closest disciple of Buddha, acted as the Buddha's attendant for twenty years and outlived him by several decades. Hajipur is also known for the land of Amrapali.

In British India, Hajipur was a small town in the Muzaffarpur district situated on the confluence of the Ganges and Gandak. Hajipur features conspicuously in the history of struggles between Emperor Akbar and the rebellious Afghan Karrani rulers of Bengal, being twice besieged and captured by the imperial troops, in 1572 and 1574. In 1912 Bihar and Orissa was divided from the Presidency of Bengal. After independence the city of Hajipur came under state of Bihar which was formed on the linguistic basis.

Geography and climate
Hajipur is the headquarters of Vaishali after its separation from Muzaffarpur district on 12 October 1972. It is located at 25.69°N, 85.22°W. It has an average elevation of 46 metres (150 ft). Hajipur is located 10 km from Patna, transversely on the sacred river Ganga and is budding as one of the foremost profit-making and manufacturing region of the state.

Hajipur city is bounded by the Gandak river in the west and the holy Ganges in the south. A good network of rail, road, and water transport exists in the city, connecting it with other parts of the district as well as state and country. Mahatma Gandhi Setu (5,575 m long, prestressed box culvert type RCC bridge) over river Ganges connects it with Patna, the state capital, while another rail and road bridge over Gandak connects it with Sonepur.

Hajipur subdivision became home to the Salim Ali—Jubba Sahni Bird Sanctuary (Baraila Lake), which has an area of 2 km2, established in 1997.

Climate
The plain terrain of the city and its nearby area is famous for banana, litchi, and mango plantations. The region looks green with plants and trees growing in a semi-tropical monsoon climate. However, the months of May–June is hot, and December–January is cold.

Köppen and Geiger classifies the location as Csa. The average temperature is 25.8 °C; the hottest month being May with an average temperature of 32.2 °C and the coldest month being January with an average temperature of 17.1 °C. The average temperatures vary by 15.1 °C in a year. The average annual rainfall is 993 mm. The driest month is December, with an average precipitation of 3 mm and the wettest month is July with an average precipitation of 266 mm.

The table below details historical monthly averages for climate variables—

Demographics, languages, and religion
Culturally and linguistically, Hajipur is similar to that of Patna. As per 2011 census Hajipur city has a population of 147,688, out of which males were 78,047 and females were 69,641. The literacy rate was 76.80 percent, higher than the national average of 74.04%: male literacy is 82.45%, and female literacy is 70.47%. In Hajipur, 14.15% of the population was under six years of age, a total of 20,899 with 11,090 boys while 9,809 are girls. The sex ratio of 892 females per 1,000 males was lower than the national average of 944 and Child sex ratio of girls is 884 per 1000 boys.

Residents of Hajipur are referred to by the demonym Hajipurian. Hindi is the main language of the city, also the official language of the Bihar state but many other languages are spoken too. The native dialect is Maithili, named after Mithila, the ancient name of North Bihar is most widely spoken. English is also spoken by Hajipurians, and other widely spoken dialects and languages include Maithili, Bajjika, Urdu and Angika.

Economy
The economy of Hajipur is largely service orientated, but it also has an agricultural base and industrial sector. As of 2011, service accounts for 55%, industry 9%, and agriculture 35% of the economy of the city.

There is a dedicated industrial area in Hajipur apart from Export Promotion Park of India, Hajipur—(EPIP), maintained by Bihar Industrial Area Development Authority—(BIADA) in an area of 150 acres where many Big Brands of FMCG & Agro-based companies like Pepsico, Britannia, HUL, Godrej, Anmol, Sudha, Wayss Ice Cream, Bansal, Treat, Avon Cycle, etc. have their manufacturing units. There are several upcoming construction projects from private and public sectors with three new bridges connecting to Patna. The Export Promotion Industrial Park, is a multiple-product export processing zone in East India developed by the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, the Government of Bihar and by the administrative body BIADA located in Hajipur, In the administrative Vaishali district, has 94 acre of land with modern infrastructure.

Ramchaura Mandir
The Ramchaura Mandir is a Hindu Temple in the city of Hajipur, Bihar. Dedicated to Lord Ram. As per local folklore, it is said to have been in existence since the Ramayana period and Shri Ram is believed to have visited this place on his way to Janakpur, where his footprints are worshiped. The Ramchaura Mandir has a tradition of celebrating Rama Navami, on the birth anniversary of Shri Rama. A small fair is also organised on the eve of Rama Navami. Archeological objects excavated from Ramchaura are kept at the Patna Museum.

Pataleshwar Mandir
Dedicated to Lord Shiva, Pataleshwar Mandir is located at Hajipur. Since, the ancient period Shiva is believed to be in the form of Lingam here. The worship of the Shiva-Linga originated from the famous hymn in the Atharva-Veda Samhita sung in praise of the Yupa-Stambha.

Kaunhaara Ghat
It is considered one of the main ghats of Ganga—Gandak, where worshiping and cremation has been performed for centuries. This ghat received its name based on an ancient legend. According to this legend, "The famous fight of Gaja (elephant)-Graah (crocodile), which is well covered in Indian scriptures, is the reason behind people asking -kaun haara. Hence the name- Kaunhara ghat. Scriptures tell that Lord Vishnu had to interfere in the fight to save his devotee Gajaraj, who was being drowned by a crocodile. Both Gaja and Graah were gandharvas. But due to some curse, they became Gaja and Graah. Lord Vishnu killed Graah to give him instant salvation, and saved the life Of Gajaraj." The depiction of fighting Gaja—Graah is an emblem for the city and is prominently shown on the Hajipur railway station's dome and other notable places.

Jami Masjid
Jami Masjid is one of the states' oldest mosques erected in 1587 AD during the Mughal rule by Makhsus Shah, the contemporary governor of Bihar Sharif according to Akbarnamah. The remarkable monument is a spectacular example of Indo-Persian architecture, the central dome being larger than the others.

Sonepur Cattle Fair
Located opposite Hajipur is a place of Sonepur where the forty-night-long Sonepur Cattle Fair is held every year starting from Kartik full moon day. The place goes lively at the onset of winter with the mass holy deep in river Gandak by Hindu at Kaun—haara Ghat. Being claimed as the biggest animal fair in Asia. Government of Bihar's Department of Rural Development, Department of Agriculture organises training and exhibitions. The visitors can stay in hotels at Hajipur or they can hire luxury Swiss cottages erected on sand dunes beside river Gandak. The tent and cottages are provided by Department of State Tourism.

Vaishali Mahotsava
The ancient village of Vaishali is located 35 km North—West of Hajipur. The place can be reached by road and offers many archaeological places to see which includes Buddha Stupa, Pillars of Ashoka, Abhishek Puskarani (coronation Tank of Vajjika rulers). Vaishali Mahotsava is held every year on Baisakh Purnima (Full Moon Day of 1st Hindu Month) during mid-April to celebrate the birth anniversary of 24th Jain Tirthankar—Mahavir who was born here in the village Kundalpur, 4 km from Vaishali. The soil of this land is blessed by the visit of Buddha twice during the 3rd century BC.

Museums

Deep Narayan Singh Museum was established in 1979.

Research and management

 * Institute of Hotel Management, Catering Technology & Applied Nutrition (IHMCT&AN) under the aegis of Govt. of India and Department of Tourism, Govt. of Bihar
 * National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur (NIPER) is an Indian public Pharmacy research university, under India's Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
 * Central Institute of Plastics Engineering & Technology, Hajipur (CIPET) under the Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Government of India.

Colleges
Raj Narain College, Jamuni Lal College, Deo Chand College, Vaishali Mahila College, Intermediate Women's College, Chaurasia Raj Kishore College, JaiPrakash Evening Intermediate College, Maitreya College of Education and Management, Licchavi College of Teacher's Training, Maa Tara Institute of Health technology and Management, R.S. Sharda Devi Education College, Bihar College of Education, Bihar Industrial Training Centre, District Institute of Education and Training.

Schools
Schools in Hajipur are either government run schools or private schools. The schools are affiliated to Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB), the All-India Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) boards. Hindi and English are the primary languages of instruction. Some top Schools are — G.A Inter School, Kendriya Vidyalaya, St. Paul's High School, St. Georgia Girls' School, Indian Public School, Surajdeo Memorial School, Delhi Public School.

Notable people
Freedom Fighter
 * Basawon Singh

Sports Person
 * Kavita Roy (Former ODI Cricketer)
 * Pramod Bhagat (Para-badminton Player)

Writer
 * Neelakshi Singh

Politicians
 * Ajay Nishad
 * Awadhesh Singh
 * Bashistha Narain Singh
 * Brishin Patel
 * Deep Narayan Singh (2nd CM of Bihar)
 * Digvijay Narain Singh
 * Nityanand Rai
 * Pashupati Kumar Paras
 * Raghuvansh Prasad Singh
 * Rajeshwara Patel
 * Ram Ratan Ram
 * Ram Sundar Das (15th CM of Bihar)
 * Ram Vilas Paswan
 * Ritu Jaiswal
 * Valmiki Choudhary
 * Chirag Paswan

Sports

 * Akshaywat Rai Stadium
 * Basawan Singh Stadium is a public indoor stadium inviting quotation for planning and development under Information & Public relation department, Government of Bihar.

Transport and connectivity

Hajipur city has a modern railway zonal office. It is the headquarters of the East Central Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Hajipur Junction is directly connected to most of the major cities in India. Public transportation is provided for by buses, auto rickshaws and local trains. BSRTC has started city bus service on Hajipur via Patna. Luxury bus service in Hajipur running via NH-31 connects several neighbouring cities is provided by the Bihar State Road Transport Corporation. Auto rickshaws are a popular mode of transportation. App based cab service is available.

Asia's longest river bridge, the Mahatma Gandhi Setu (built 1982), is in Hajipur and connects the city to Patna across the Ganga. The four lane prestressed RCC bridge was commissioned into service during the year 1982. Travellers get an enthralling experience and panoramic view of lush green banana plantations.

The city is primarily served by Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Airport, Patna (PAT) - which is just 21.2 km (13.2 miles) SW or an hour drive from Hajipur.

Hajipur is connected to other parts of India through national and state highways. Hajipur is well connected with roads to various major cities of Bihar like Patna, Sonpur, Vaishali, Muzaffarpur, Samastipur, and Chhapra. The major highways are-
 * touches the city and connects it to Chhapra which further joins Ghazipur city in UP. NH 31 starts from Patna and is connected further with Gaya and BodhGaya through state highway.
 * connects Hajipur to Sonbarsa (Nepal border) via Muzaffarpur and Sitamarhi
 * Starts from Hajipur to Musrigharari (Samastipur) via Jandaha
 * SH 74 connects Hajipur to Lalganj, Vaishali.
 * SH 49 connects Hajipur to Mahua, Tajpur, Samastipur
 * SH 93 connects Hajipur to Mahnar, Mohiuddinagar
 * Kacchi Dargah–Bidupur Bridge is a big project of Bihar. The chief minister of Bihar Nitish Kumar announced it on 23 August 2015. This bridge will be connecting two major national highways. This bridge will be the longest bridge in India after completion.

Media
Hindi and English newspapers are easily available in the city, including Dainik Jagran, Hindustan, Prabhat Khabar, Dainik Bhaskar, The Times of India, Hindustan Times, The Hindu, The Economic Times and The Indian Express. There is also the Hindi and English mixed newspaper tabloid Inext.

TV programming is provided by regional news channels like Zee Bihar, Kashish News, Sahara Samay Channel, News18 Bihar, DD Bihar. There are several news programmes broadcast by local cable operators in city areas and all renowned channels are broadcast in each corner of the city areas.

Hajipur has the following FM radio stations—
 * AIR FM Rainbow 101.6 FM
 * Vividh Bharati Patna (All India Radio) is broadcast on 102.5 FM.

Utility services
Electricity supply to the city is regulated and distributed by the Bihar State Power Holding Company Limited. The city gets electricity from North Bihar Power Distribution Company Limited which is controlled by Bihar State Electricity Board.

Direct–to–home (DTH) is available via DD Free Dish, Airtel digital TV, Dish TV, Tata Play, d2h, Sun Direct and Independent TV and all Cable operators.

Hajipur has its own home network of the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL), India's state-owned telecom and internet services provider. Both Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) mobile services are available. Apart from telecom, BSNL also provides broadband internet service. Among private enterprises, Bharti Airtel, Reliance Jio, Vodafone Idea and Tata Teleservices are the leading telephone and cell phone service providers in the city.

title: Hajipur


text:
Chhapra

Chhapra (ISO: Chaparā) is a city and headquarters of the Saran District in the Indian state of Bihar. It is situated near the junction of the Ghaghara River and the Ganges River.

Chhapra grew in importance as a river-based market in the 18th century when the Dutch, French, Portuguese, and English established saltpeter refineries in the area. It was recognised as a municipality in 1864. The major railway station is Chhapra Junction. There is a well known Shaktipeeth temple in Chhapra named Ambika Bhavani.

Geography
Chhapra is located at 25.7848°N, 84.7274°W. It has an average elevation of 36 m.

India's biggest double-decker flyover is being constructed in Chhapra. This 3.5 km long double-decker flyover from Bhikhari Chowk to Bus Stand, is being constructed at the cost of ₹ 411.31 crore from the central road fund (CRF) under engineering procurement construction (EPC) mode by Bihar Rajya Pul Nirman Nigam Limited (BRPNNL). It is longer than 1.8 km double-decker flyover in Santa Cruz–Chembur Link Road. Chief Minister Nitish Kumar laid the foundation stone of this double-decker flyover in July 2018, which is set to be completed by June 2022.

Demographics
As per 2011 census, Chapra Urban Agglomeration had a population of 212,955. Chapra Urban Agglomeration includes Chapra (Nagar Panchayat) and Sandha (Census Town). Chapra Nagar Panchayat had a total population of 201,597, out of which 106,250 were males and 95,347 were females. It had a sex ratio of 897 females to 1000 males. The population in the age range of 0–6 years was 27,668. The effective literacy rate of those aged 7 years and older in Chhapra was 81.30% as of 2011.

Religion
Hinduism is the largest religion in Chhapra city with 1,64,811 Hindus (81.45%). Islam is the second largest religion in Chhapra city with 36,639 Muslims (18.11%). Other religions includes 219 Christians (0.11%), 100 Jains (0.05%), 55 Sikhs (0.03%), 14 Buddhists (0.01%), 514 did not answer (0.25%).

Notable people

 * Jayaprakash Narayan
 * Adbhutananda, Hindu monk, disciple of Ramakrishna
 * Anand–Milind, music director
 * Bhikhari Thakur, Bhojpuri language poet and singer
 * Brajkishore Prasad, National activist
 * Chitragupta (composer), music director
 * Daroga Prasad Rai, 10th Chief Minister of Bihar
 * Sir Khan Bahadur Khuda Bakhsh 1842–1908, Indian lawyer, Judge, Historian and founder of Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library, Patna
 * Mahendar Misir, Bhojpuri Poet
 * Raghuveer Narayan, Bhojpuri Poet
 * Rajiv Pratap Rudy, Minister of State (Independent Charge) Skill Development and Entrepreneurship
 * Ramchandra Manjhi, Bhojpuri Folk Dancer
 * Surur Hoda, Socialist leader and Order of British Empire (OBE) recipient
 * Akhilendra Mishra, Bollywood Actor

title: Chhapra


text:
Bhabua

Bhabhua is main city of Kaimur district in the state of Bihar, India. Bhabua is known for the famous historical temple Mundeshwari Temple and the Kaimur Range of hills. It is located 84 km from Varanasi.

Geography
Bhabua is located at 25.05°N, 83.62°W. The Buxar district of Bihar State and the Ghazipur district of U.P. State bound it on the North. On the south is the Garhwa district of Jharkhand State and on the West is the Chandauli and Sonbhadra districts of the U.P. State. On the East is Rohtas district of Bihar State on the bank of river suara.

Notable places

 * The Mundeshwari Temple The Mundeshwari Temple is located at an elevation of 608 feet on the Mundeshwari Hills of Kaimur plateau near Son canal, in the Indian state of Bihar. It is an Archaeological Survey of India protected monument since 1915.
 * Baidyanath Village is situated 9 km to the south of Ramgarh block headquarters. The village is home to a Lord Shiva temple that was built by the rulers of Pratihar dynasty. Numerous coins and others valuables of historical importance have been discovered here. According to archeologists, the temple was renovated in 812-13 AD.
 * Karkat Waterfall is situated in the Karkatgarh Village, Kaimur Range in the Kaimur district of the Indian state of Bihar on Karmanasa River. It is a natural habitat of the crocodile at waterfall and the Government of Bihar is developing it as crocodile conservation reserve and eco-tourism spot.
 * Telhar Kund is the name of a waterfall located in the Kaimur district of Bihar, India. The fall is located close to the origins of Durgavati River. It is only a few kilometres from the Durgavati reservoir project.
 * Chainpur is situated 11 km to the west of Bhabua headquarters. there is the Hindu shrine of "Harsu Brahm", which is famous for healing people affected from evil power.

Transport
Bhabua Road railway station is the nearest Railway Station on the Howrah-New Delhi Grand Chord, which is about 14 km north from Bhabua town. The main trains are Purushottam Express, Mahabodhi Express, Poorva Express, Kalka Mail, Mumbai Mail, Doon Express, Chambal Express, Shipra Express, Sealdah Exp, Budhpurnima Express, Asansol - Ahmedabad Express, Deekshabhoomi Express, Jodhpur Exp, Garib Nawaz Express, Ranchi - Varanasi Express, Jharkhand Swarna Jayanti Express, Sasaram - Anand Vihar Terminus AC Express etc. The town is 195 km from Patna and 84 km from Varanasi by road.

NH 2 (G.T. Road) crosses through the center of the district from Karmanasha to Kudra for about 50 km. NH 30 originates from it near Mohania and connects this district with the capital Patna via Arah. Apart from these, there are also a few State Highways in the district.

Mohania Sub-division is situated on Gaya-Mughalsarai Section of Grand Chord Railway line; the railway station is called Bhabua Road. The district headquarters is 14 km south from the railway station and the G.T. Road. The railway station has four platforms for the smooth flow of traffic.

title: Bhabua


text:
Bihar Sharif

Bihar Sharif is the headquarters of Nalanda district and the fifth-largest sub-metropolitan area in the eastern Indian state of Bihar. Its name is a combination of two words: Bihar, derived from vihara (meaning monastery), also the name of the state; and Sharif (meaning noble). The city is a hub of education and trade in southern Bihar, and the economy centers around agriculture supplemented by tourism, the education sector and household manufacturing. The ruins of the ancient Nalanda Mahavihara, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, are located near the city.

Under the Pala Empire, Odantapuri, a major Buddhist monastic university was built at the site of Bihar Sharif. In the early 14th century, the city was captured by the Delhi Sultanate. Bihar Sharif was later ruled by other Muslim dynasties and then by the British until Indian independence in 1947. The city has important Buddhist, Hindu and Muslim heritage sites and landmarks.

Bihar Sharif is one of the one hundred Indian cities selected to gain funds under Prime Minister Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission. Bihar Sharif was selected in the preliminary list of 100 cities in July 2015 that were to compete for the Smart Cities project.

According to Ease of Living Index 2020, Bihar Sharif has been ranked as the most livable among cities in Bihar which have population under 1 million. It was ranked 1st in Bihar and 28th among cities with a population under 1 million in India with an overall ranking of 63rd among 111 Indian cities.

Etymology
The city's name is a combination of two words: Bihar, derived from vihara (meaning monastery), also the name of the state; and Sharif (meaning noble), referring to the resting place of the Sufi Saint Sheikh Makhdoom Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri.

Classical and medieval period
A pillar dating to the 5th century from the time of the Gupta Empire was found near the fort of Bihar Sharif. It is 14 ft tall and has two inscriptions inscribed upon it by two Gupta rulers, first of Kumaragupta (413-455 CE) and second of Skandagupta (456-480 CE).

The name Bihar is derived from vihar or vihara, meaning Buddhist monastery, a reference to the ancient Odantapuri University established near the city in the 7th century CE by Pala king Gopala I. The settlement does, however, predate the Buddha. It became the capital of the Magadha kingdom in the Pala Empire.

Odantapuri is considered to have been the second-oldest of India's Mahaviharas, and it is believed to have been located on or at the foot of Bari Pahari (Big Hill), or in the present-day Gadh Par locality of Bihar Sharif. According to Tibetan records it housed about 12,000 students and was an important centre of Buddhist learning. Acharya Sri Ganga of Vikramashila was a student there.

The Big Hill or Badi Pahadi was known as Pashravati at the time.

Odantapuri was part of a network of five Mahaviharas in eastern India. The others were Nalanda, Vikramashila, Somapura, and Jagaddala. During the Pala period, the state funding to Vikramshila and Odantapuri far exceeded what was granted to Nalanda. As a result, while Nalanda was struggling for survival around 11th century CE, Odantapuri had a rival institution thriving under the royal patronage of Palas.

Conquests and Dynastic Transitions
In 1193, during the time of Ikhtiyar ad-Din Muhammad bin Bakhtiyar Khilji's conquest of Bihar, he came to conquer eastern parts of India and destroyed Nalanda University. En route to Nalanda, he allegedly damaged the Buddhist monasteries of a place now called Bakhtiyarpur. He then came to Vihar, where he completely destroyed Odantapuri University, and the Buddhist viharas before leaving for Nalanda. In Koshak, Nalanda, he appointed Qazi Syed Ibrahim Danishmand as the Qazi-ul-Quzat of Bihar making him incharge of enforcing Sharia law in the region. A few years after Khilji's departure, local Bundela Rajput regained control of the city from its Muslim rulers. Bundela Rajputs then ruled the area until the reign of Raja Biththal.

The district of Nalanda formed a part of the territory under Muslim rulers of Bengal till 1320 AD when Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq separated Bihar from Bengal.

Delhi Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq (r.1324–1351 CE) then sent Syed Ibrahim Mallick with an army to conquer the Magadha region. After a fierce battle, the outnumbered Raja army was defeated and Raja Biththal was killed. The conquest of Bihar was a major achievement for Delhi, and on this occasion the Sultan conferred upon Syed Ibrahim Mallick the title of "Madarul Mulk", after which he was called "Mallick Baya". He was then appointed governor of Bihar by the Sultan, and he ruled over the region until his assassination in 1353 CE.

Its control passed into the hands of the Sherqui Dynasty of Jaunpur from 1394 to 1486 CE. After that it was amalgamated with the Muslim kingdom of Gauda.

Later history
After the Delhi Sultanate, the first Sur emperor, Sher Shah Suri (r. 1540–1545 CE), moved the regional capital to Patliputra (modern-day Patna), and the whole Magadha region came to be called Bihar. Before that the residence of the Muslim governors of Bihar remained at Bihar Sharif until 1541 CE. Patna became a central place and Bihar Sharif lost its importance.

After that the British took control of the entire city and it came under British colonial rule during the 18th and 19th centuries. The British period brought about changes in administration, infrastructure, and governance in Bihar Sharif and the surrounding region. In 1867, the city was officially declared a municipality.

Modern Period
In the post-independence era, Bihar Sharif has continued to be an important center of culture, education, and commerce in Bihar. The city has witnessed urbanization and development, while still retaining its historical and cultural significance.

Geography
Bihar Sharif is located 74 km from Patna, the capital of Bihar state (via NH30 and 20). It is situated at the foot of Bari Pahari (a.k.a. Hiranya Parbat) and on the bank of the Panchanan (Panchane) River. The land around Bihar Sharif is very fertile, with alluvial soil deposited by several rivers. These local rivers include the Mahane, the Panchane – which divides west of Pawapuri into the Goithwa, Soyaba and smaller rivers – the Zerain, and others. To the west is the Paimar River, a tributary of the Ganges.

Demographics
India census, Bihar Sharif had a population of 297,268, up from 231,972 in 2001 and around 130,000 in 1981. The sex ratio was 916 females per 1000 males, with a slightly higher ratio of 927 females per 1,000 males among children. The overall literacy rate was 75.30%, with male literacy at 80.80% and female literacy at 69.28%.

Religion
According to the 2011 census, 65.86% of the city's population identifies as Hindu, 33.59% identifies as Muslim, 0.34% did not answer the census question, 0.17% identifies as Christian, and fewer than fifty identified with each of the other religious groups on the survey. A 1981 report lists a 48% proportion of Muslims and notes this as unusual for the area.

In 2012, plans were announced for the construction of a local Bahá'í House of Worship in Bihar Sharif. This would be only the second House of Worship for India's nearly two million Bahá'ís (the first being the well-known Lotus Temple in Delhi), and one of the first two local Bahá'í Houses of Worship in Asia (the other being in Battambang, Cambodia). The final model of the house of worship was unveiled in April 2020 and its foundation has been laid on 21 February 2021 and is expected to get completed by 2023.

Administration

 * The Town Police Station (Bihar Thana) is the first child-friendly police station in the state of Bihar.

Economy
Agricultural trade and Education are the two main economic activities of Bihar Sharif, with crops including cauliflower, potato, mustard seed and other vegetables, which are exported to neighbouring states. The region is well known for extensive production of vegetables.

Tourism to nearby sites like Nalanda, Rajgir and Pawapuri also boosts the city's economy, as do footwear and garments manufactured by household industries. The locality of Sohsarai in the city hosts an extensive textile market, which is known as "Mini Surat".

the city had a major beedi cigarette industry which employed 15,000 people, mainly Muslims and some lower-caste Hindus.

In recent years the city has changed from a trade-based economy to an education hub.

Bihar Sharif is one of four cities selected in Bihar state among the 100 Indian cities to developed as smart cities under Prime Minister Narendra Modi's flagship Smart Cities Mission. It figured in amongst the ambitious 100 smart cities list to receive funding in the fifth round of the smart cities project in January 2018.

Heritage and important sites
The city of Bihar Sharif also has the designation of the location of the first museum in Bihar. The first Bihar Museum, established here in the late 19th century by Alexander Meyrick Broadley was not just the oldest museum in Bihar but also one of the oldest in India. Broadley was the district magistrate of Bihar Sharif in 1860s and one of the earliest surveyors and explorers of Bihar. During the course of his amateur excavations, he collected many sculptures and architectural fragments, with which he established a museum at the Collector's Bungalow at Bihar Sharif in 1871–1872. The collection recorded at least 686 artefacts. In 1891, the governor of Bengal of decided to transfer the contents of the Bihar Museum to Indian Museum in Calcutta. After the foundation of Patna Museum, a significant part of the collection was transferred there, listed in the catalogue as from Broadley Collection.

The Bihar Sharif Pillar Inscriptions from the Gupta Empire were found in front of the northern gate of the fort of Bihar (Bihar Sharif). The pillar was removed and set up on a brick pedestal opposite the Bihar Court House, and then later transferred to the Patna Museum.

The city has many artefacts and relics of Buddhist and Jain heritage. Mahavira, often regarded as the founder of Jainism, is said to have attained Nirvana at the nearby town of Pawapuri, where the famous Jal Mandir is situated. Broken idols of Buddha and Mahavira can be found in the Nalanda Museum and in many temples. Nalanda College in Bihar Sharif and the locality of Garhpar are situated on the remains of Odantapuri. The ruins at Nalanda are 13 km from Bihar Sharif. The shrine of the Sufi Saint Sheikh Makhdoom Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri, is located near the ruins of Odantapuri. He is credited with converting many Hindus in the districts of Patna, Bihar Sharif, Gaya, Jehanabad, Arwal, Nawada, Jamui and Sheikhpura, and many Muslims celebrate Urs at the shrine each year in the month of Shawwal on the Hijri calendar. The inscription over its entrance mentions that the tomb was completed in 1569. Another notable site in the city is the Langot Fair at Baba Maniram Akhara; the Akhara of Sant Maniram was founded by Raja Biththal to train youth in fighting. The mausoleum of Syed Ibrahim Mallick Baya is presently located on the top of the hill known as Hiranya Parvata. It was built in 14th century CE. Badi Pahadi, also known as Hiranya Parvat, has a large park, a temple and the mausoleum of Syed Ibrahim Mallick Baya located on it. Most tourists visiting Biharsharif are domestic - from other places in Bihar and adjoining states. Housed in the building known as "Virasat Bihar", this museum opened in 1979 and housing relics and sculptures unearthed from the city and nearby areas as the area is very rich in archaeological remains. The stone sculptures housed here mostly belong to the Pala Empire period. There are medieval period sculptures, ancient pillars, Islamic inscriptions and Mughal coins. A Buddhist monastery located on NH 20 near Hiranya Parvat. A large tank said to be constructed by Queen Moora Devi, mother of the Mauryan Emperor Chandragupta Maurya. A Sun Temple is located here. This place is located by the NH 20 on the northern side of the city. Nagar Nigam Park is a park developed by the Municipal Corporation of Bihar Sharif on Badi Pahadi. The park features several fountains and cascades along with a children's park.
 * Badi Dargah
 * Baba Maniram Akhara
 * The mausoleum of Syed Ibrahim Mallick Baya
 * Badi Pahari
 * Bihar Sharif Museum
 * Vajra Vidya Phulahari Thrangu Monastery
 *  Mora Talab
 * Nagar Nigam Park

Events

 * Urs or Annual "Chiraga" Fair
 * Annual Langot Fair held at Manibaba Akhara

Roadways
The city is connected by road to major cities like Patna, Rajgir, Nalanda, Nawada, Harnaut, Jamshedpur, Ranchi, Dhanbad, Bokaro, Koderma, Kolkata, Gaya, Hazaribag, Barhi, Jehanabad, Bakhtiyarpur, Barh, Mokama, Munger, Purnea and Ramgarh. Being the district headquarters, it is a major transport hub and has regular bus service to all other major destinations in the region.

NH 33 and NH 20, a part of Asian Highway Network and AH42 passes through the city. NH 33 and NH 20 intersects each other in the city. NH 20 connects to Patna via Bakhtiyarpur and to Nawada, Barhi, Koderma, Hazaribagh and Ranchi. NH 33 connects the city to Mokama, Barbigha, Asthawan, Jahanabad and Arwal.

NH 120 starts here and runs to Dumraon via Nalanda, Rajgir and Gaya. SH 78 connects it with Chandi, Daniyawan and Hilsa.

Public transport
Bihar Sharif is a part of the Intercity bus service of Bihar State Road Transport Corporation and Patna City bus service. So, state-owned Intercity bus services to the State capital Patna is available at very short intervals. BSRTC also provides City Bus services from Bihar Sharif to Rajgir, Nawada, Barh and Jamui.

Bihar Sharif also comes under the first Intercity Electric bus service in Bihar as a part of Patna - Rajgir route started in March 2021.

Railways
Bihar Sharif Junction is on the Bakhtiyarpur-Tilaiya line, part of the national broad gauge network. The city is served by the Shramjeevi Express, a direct daily train to New Delhi. There are also numerous passenger and express connections to the state capital, Patna, and to the hub at Rajgir which connects to many destinations in the country. Recently, the Fatuha–Islampur branch line has been connected to this route by linking Daniyawan to Bihar Sharif. The extension of passenger services to link Bihar Sharif with Hilsa, Sheikhpura and Gaya began in 2013.

Airways

 * The nearest airport is Patna Airport, about 86 km away, with carriers operating flights to major Indian cities.
 * Gaya International Airport is about 95 km away.

Education
A number of colleges, schools and educational institutions are located in the city. Notable institutions include:

Universities

 * K. K. University

Colleges

 * Nalanda College, second oldest college of Bihar.
 * Sardar Patel Memorial College
 * Nalanda Mahila College
 * Kisan College, Nalanda

Media and entertainment
Hindi dailies such as Dainik Jagran, Hindustan, Dainik Bhaskar, Prabhat Khabar, Aj and other local dailies are available as well as English-language newspapers including Times of India, The Hindu along with various types of magazines.

Keshav Ram Bhatta, a Maharashtrian Brahman that settled in Bihar Sharif published Bihar Bandhu, the first Hindi newspaper from Bihar in 1872.

In popular culture
Director Prakash Jha's National Award-winning documentary film Faces after Storms (1981) was based on the incident of communal riots that took place in Bihar Sharif in May 1981.

Notable people

 * Shah Amanat, prominent Sufi figure
 * Aasim Bihari, social activist
 * Zafar Iqbal, former Indian field hockey player and captain
 * Saba Karim, former Indian cricketer
 * Aditya Kumar, actor
 * Vikas Kumar, actor
 * Makhdoom Sharfuddin Ahmed Yahya Maneri, a Sufi mystic
 * L. S. N. Prasad, Indian paediatrician and Padma Shri recipient
 * Vijay Kumar Yadav, former Member of Parliament from Nalanda

title: Bihar Sharif


text:
Motihari

Motihari is a city and headquarters of East Champaran district in the Indian state of Bihar. It is located 80 kilometres west of Muzaffarpur and 152 kilometres northwest of the state capital Patna. In early days the land of Motihari was ruled by different kingdoms as Videha, Sunga, Kanvas. It is also believed that Champaran used to be a major part of King Janak's empire. Mahatma Gandhi Started his famous Satyagraha movement from here.

Geography
Motihari is located on 26°39' N and 84°55' E in northwestern Bihar. It is about 165 km northwest from the state capital Patna, 45 km from Bettiah, 72 km from Muzaffarpur, 40 km from Mehsi, and 75 km from Sitamarhi. It is on the east bank of a lake, about 40 km southeast of Bettiah.

Topography

The topography of Motihari has been described as scenic, with the "stunning beauty" (in classical terms) of Moti Jheel Lake dividing the town in two halves.

In Gangan Lit-Mag (Gangway Literary Magazine), Austria, wrote Anant Kumar: "The playgrounds of my childhood were the streets of Motihari. Back then that little East Indian town was not overpopulated, and the dry, clean streets of every part of town were ideal for our games: marbles, tops, badminton. And back then Motihari was a wide distance away from the big world. There were very many mango and lichee trees, fragrant lemon bushes, broad, large fields…and very few people. There were scattered decrepit hawelis and bungalows, in which frightening bhuts, geniis and juraels dwelled."

The Gandhi Sangrahalaya has a wide collection of relics and photographs of the Champaran Satyagraha. The Gandhian Memorial Pillar was designed by Nand Lal Bose, a famous artist of Shantiniketan. The foundation stone of the pillar was laid on 10 June 1972 by the then Governor, D. K. Barooch. It is a 48 ft tall stone pillar and is situated at the same site where Mahatma Gandhi was presented in court.

Climate
Climate is characterised by high temperatures and precipitation mainly occurring during the Monsoon Season [June to September]. The Köppen Climate Classification sub-type for this climate is "Cwa" (Humid Subtropical). The highest maximum temperature ever recorded in Motihari was 44.4 °C on May 24, 1903, while the lowest minimum temperature ever recorded in Motihari was 0.0 °C on February 3, 1905. The heaviest rainfall recorded in 24 hours in Motihari was 520 mm on 25 August 2005.

Demographics
As of 2011 Indian Census, Motihari had a total population of 126,158, of which 67,861 were males and 58,297 were females, with a sex ratio of 859. Population within the age group of 0 to 6 years was 16,870. The total number of literates in Motihari was 92,798, which constituted 73.6% of the population with male literacy of 76.2% and female literacy of 70.5%. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Motihari was 84.9%, of which male literacy rate was 88.1% and female literacy rate was 81.2%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 7,373 and 333 respectively. Motihari had 22,224 households in 2011.

India census, the population of Motihari in 2011 was 101,506, of which male and female were 54,629 and 46,877, respectively. The sex ratio of Motihari city is 858 per 1,000 males. Total literates in Motihari city are 69,576 of which 40,265 were males while 29,311 were females. The crude literacy rate of 68.5% and effective literacy (7+ population) per cent of 80.3%. The children aged 0–6 in Motihari city are 14,910, as per the Census India report, in 2001, with 7,811 males and 7,099 females. The child sex ratio of girls is 909 per 1,000 boys.

Education
The city hosts a number of institutes and universities for higher education supported by both state and central governments.
 * Motihari College of Engineering.
 * Mahatma Gandhi Central University
 * MS College (Munshi Singh College)

Notable people

 * George Orwell, author of Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four, was born in Motihari in 1903. Orwell's father, Richard Walmesley Blair, was posted to Motihari as a Sub-Deputy Opium Agent in the Opium Department of the Indian Civil Service, overseeing the production and storage of opium for sale to China. Orwell's home and the 2.48 acre property was inaugurated as a museum in May 2015. At the beginning of 2021, the bust of George Orwell was stolen but soon recovered. Towards the end of 2021, the house of George Orwell was repaired and renovated.  Bihar's art, culture and youth affairs department has made the house a protected site. In 1904, his mother Ida Blair along with her children, moved to England never to return to India.
 * Khan Bahadur Azizul Huq, one of the two Indian police officers who worked with Edward Henry in the development of fingerprint classification, known as the Henry Classification System, died in Motihari in 1933. "It was Khan Bahadur Azizul Huq who evolved a mathematical formula to supplement Henry's idea of sorting slips in 1024 pigeon holes, based on fingerprint patterns. Rai Bahadur Hem Chandra Bose made further contribution to the fingerprint science by evolving an extended system of sub classification, a telegraphic code for finger impression and a system of single-digit classification."

 * Both Haque and Bose eventually received honoraria and recognition from the Government of India. At the time of final approval of the honorarium for Haque, the Home Department (Government of India) noted, "It appears from the information now received that he (Haque) was Sir Edward Henry's principal helper in perfecting the scheme and he actually himself devised the method of classification which is in universal use. He thus contributed most materially to a discovery which is of worldwide importance and has brought a great credit to the police of India." Upon retirement from the Police service in Bengal and Bihar, Khan Bahadur Azizul Huq settled in Motihari, and he is buried there.

 * A.F. Salahuddin Ahmed, National Professor of Bangladesh, a grandson of Khan Bahadur Azizul Huq was born in Motihari in 1924. He was educated at Presidency University, Kolkata, University of Pennsylvania, and University of London, and taught at eminent universities in Bangladesh: Jagannath College, Rajshahi University, Jahangir Nagar University, Dhaka University, and Independent University, Bangladesh, and wrote many books and articles in professional journals and newspapers. In one of his books, Perspectives on History, Society and Politics, he argued that despite the political divisions that took place in South Asia in 1947, the people of this vast region belong to "one indivisible civilisation which is the product of over a thousand years of historical development" and that the destinies of the people inhabiting the subcontinent are closely interlinked. They must therefore learn to live together in peace, as this is essential for their development and progress.
 * Ramesh Chandra Jha, a modern Hindi poet, author and freedom fighter belonged to Phulwariya village in Motihari.
 * Thakur Ramapati Singh, a freedom fighter, MLA, Minister, and MP from Motihari.
 * Anant Kumar (born 1969 in Katihar/Bihar), a German author, translator and literary critic of Indian descent. He spent his childhood in Motihari where his father Rajendra Prasad was Professor of Psychology at Munshi Singh College. He resides in Kassel, Germany. Royal City Gotha (Free state Thueringia, Germany) honored Kumar as a Resident Writer in 2015. Kumar worked 2016 as a fellow in the symposium for dramatic writing at Volturno, Italy. University of Kassel has picked Kumar among prominent alumni on its diamond jubilee celebration 2021.
 * Vallabha, was an Indian saint and philosopher. He founded the Krishna-centered Pushtimarg sect of Vaishnavism in the Braj (Vraja) region of India,[1] and propounded the philosophy of Śuddhādvaita.

Vallabha was born in a Telugu Tailang Brahmin family that was residing in Motihari. They escaped to Kashi of United Provinces state while expecting a Muslim invasion in Varanasi during the late 15th century.[2]
 * Anuranjan Jha, journalist, TV anchor and social worker.
 * Ravish Kumar, TV anchor and journalist, NDTV Delhi.
 * Abdullah Khan (author) is a novelist, screenwriter and banker.
 * Radha Mohan Singh, Union Minister of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare.
 * Sakibul Gani, first cricketer in the world to score a Triple century on his First class debut.
 * Sanjeev K Jha, is a film maker and screenwriter, currently based on Mumbai who wrote several popular TV shows and films. Jabariya Jodi, Barot House and Sumi (film) are his notable works. Also, the first writer from Motihari who's written film Sumi (film) got three National Film Awards.
 * Raksha Gupta, actress in many notable Bhojpuri films Thik Hai, Commando Arjun,  Rowdy Inspector (2022 film), Doli Saja Ke Rakhna (2022 film), Shankhnaad.

Connection with Gandhi
Motihari, at that time simply called Champaran, was close to Mahatma Gandhi. He came to Motihari on April 15, 1917 with Raj Kumar Shukla to start the Satyagraha movement in Champaran, known as Champaran Satyagraha, which concerned the exploitations of farmers. Gandhi with his supporters held a big campaign in Champaran. His frequent visits to Champaran and its local areas showed the Gandhi's connection with land. He also understood the cultural and social backwardness of the area, he acted immediately by creating schools and ashrams.

title: Motihari