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Neurofibromatosis type I

Neurofibromatosis type I (NF-1), or von Recklinghausen syndrome, is a complex multi-system human disorder caused by the mutation of neurofibromin 1 (NF-1), a gene on chromosome 17 that is responsible for production of a protein (neurofibromin) which is needed for normal function in many human cell types. NF-1 causes tumors along the nervous system which can grow anywhere on the body. NF-1 is one of the most common genetic disorders and is not limited to any person's race or sex. NF-1 is an autosomal dominant disorder, which means that mutation or deletion of one copy (or allele) of the NF-1 gene is sufficient for the development of NF-1, although presentation varies widely and is often different even between relatives affected by NF-1.

, there are at least 100,000 people in the U.S. and about 25,000 people in the UK who have been diagnosed with NF. Common symptoms of NF-1 include brownish-red spots in the colored part of the eye called Lisch nodules, benign skin tumors called neurofibromas, and larger benign tumors of nerves called plexiform neurofibromas, scoliosis (curvature of the spine), learning disabilities, vision disorders, mental disabilities, multiple café au lait spots and epilepsy. While some people have major complications, others with the condition can lead productive and full lives.

NF-1 is a developmental syndrome caused by germline mutations in neurofibromin, a gene that is involved in the RAS pathway (RASopathy). Due to its rarity, and to the fact that genetic diagnosis has been used only in recent years, in the past NF-1 was in some cases confused with Legius syndrome, another syndrome with vaguely similar symptoms, including cafe-au-lait spots.

NF-1 is an age-specific disease; most signs of NF-1 are visible after birth (during infancy), but many symptoms of NF-1 occur as the person ages and has hormonal changes. NF-1 was formerly known as von Recklinghausen disease, after the researcher who first documented the disorder, Friedrich Daniel von Recklinghausen.

The severity of NF-1 varies widely, and little is known about what causes a person to have more severe or less severe symptoms. Even within the same family (as there is a 50% chance that a parent will pass their condition to their offspring), levels of severity can vary enormously. However, 60% of people with NF-1 have mild cases, with few symptoms that have very little effect in their day-to-day lives. About 20% of NF-1 patients have moderate cases, with several symptoms that have little more than cosmetic effects. The other 20% have severe cases, with several symptoms that affect the person's quality of life. Even in this last group, symptoms are rarely life-threatening.

Signs and symptoms
The following is a list of conditions and complications associated with NF-1, and, where available, age range of onset and progressive development, occurrence percentage of NF-1 population, method of earliest diagnosis, and treatments and related medical specialties. The progression of the condition is roughly as follows:
 * 1) Congenital musculoskeletal disorders may or may not be present
 * 2) Cutaneous conditions may be observed in early infancy
 * 3) Small tumors may arise in the retina which can eventually lead to blindness. Also, Lisch Nodules may grow on the iris, but these are harmless.
 * 4) Learning disabilities may arise in preschool children
 * 5) Neurofibromas may occur and can sometimes cause many dependent neurological conditions and cutaneous and skeletal disfigurement.
 * 6) Depression and social anxiety may occur as a result of disabilities caused by the condition
 * 7) Neurofibromas may, in 8-13% of cases, transition into cancer, which can be fatal

Musculoskeletal disorder
Musculoskeletal abnormalities affecting the skull include sphenoid bone dysplasia, congenital hydrocephalus and associated neurologic impairment.

Disorders affecting the spine include:
 * In NF-1, there can be a generalized abnormality of the soft tissues in the fetus, which is referred to as mesodermal dysplasia, resulting in maldevelopment of skeletal structures.
 * Meningoceles and formation of cystic diverticula of the dura of the spine, unrelated to Spina bifida
 * Radiographically, dural ectasia can lead to scalloping of the posterior vertebral bodies and to the formation of cystic diverticula of the dura of the spine. This may result in temporary or permanent loss of lower extremity sensorimotor function.
 * Focal scoliosis and/or kyphosis are the most common skeletal manifestation of NF-1, occurring in 20% of affected patients. Approximately 25% of patients will require corrective surgery.

Skeletal muscle weakness and motor control deficits

Deficits in motor function in NF-1 have been long recognised and have been historically attributed to nerve dysfunction. In recent years however, studies suggest NF-1 is associated with a primary problem in muscle function (myopathy).

Clinical findings in people with NF-1 include: Studies in genetically modified mice have thus far confirmed that the NF1 gene is vital for normal muscle development and metabolism. Knockout of the NF1 gene in muscle results in deregulated lipid metabolism and muscle weakness.
 * Reduced skeletal muscle size
 * Reduced exercise capacity
 * Muscle weakness (The most recent study reports between 30–50% reduced upper and lower limb muscle strength in NF-1 children compare with matched controls ).

NF-1 is a disease in the RASopathy family of diseases, which include Costello Syndrome, Noonan Syndrome, and Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome. The RASopathies also present with skeletal muscle weakness. It is likely that impaired muscle function in these disorders is linked to altered Ras/MAPK signalling, however, the precise molecular mechanisms remain unknown.

Facial bones and limbs

 * Bowing of a long bone with a tendency to fracture and not heal, yielding a pseudarthrosis. The most common bone to be affected is the tibia, causing congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia or CPT. CPT occurs in 2–4% of individuals with NF-1. Treatment includes limb amputation or correction by Ilizarov method as a limb-sparing technique.
 * Malformation of the facial bones or of the eye sockets (lambdoid suture defects, sphenoid dysplasia)
 * Unilateral overgrowth of a limb. When a plexiform neurofibroma manifests on a leg or arm, it will cause extra blood circulation, and may thus accelerate the growth of the limb. This may cause considerable difference in length between left and right limbs. To equalize the difference during childhood, there is an orthopedic surgery called epiphysiodesis, where growth at the epiphyseal (growth) plate is halted. It can be performed on one side of the bone to help correct an angular deformity, or on both sides to stop growth of that bone completely.  The surgery must also be carefully planned with regard to timing, as it is non-reversible.  The goal is that the limbs are at near-equal length at end of growth.

Skin

 * Flat pigmented lesions of the skin called café au lait spots, are hyper pigmented lesions that may vary in color from light brown to dark brown; this is reflected by the name of the condition, which means "coffee with milk". The borders may be smooth or irregular. These spots can grow from birth and can continue to grow throughout the person's lifetime. They can increase in size and numbers during puberty and during pregnancies. They are present in about 99% of patients of European origin and in about 93% of patients of Indian origin.
 * Freckling of the axillae or inguinal regions.
 * Dermal neurofibroma, manifested as single or multiple firm, rubbery bumps of varying sizes on a person's skin. Age of onset is puberty.  Progressive in number and size.  Not malignant.  Can be treated with CO2 lasers or by removal by a plastic surgeon specialized in NF1.

Eye disease

 * Lisch nodules in the iris.
 * Optic nerve gliomas along one or both optic nerves or the optic chiasm can cause bulging of the eyes, involuntary eye movement, squinting, and / or vision loss. Treatment may include surgery, radiation +/- steroids, or chemotherapy (in children).

Neurobehavioral developmental disorder
The most common complication in patients with NF-1 is cognitive and learning disability. These cognitive problems have been shown to be present in approximately 90% of children and adults with NF-1 and have significant effects on their schooling and everyday life. These cognitive problems have been shown to be stable into adulthood mainly in the mid 20s to early 30s and do not get worse unlike some of the other physical symptoms of NF-1. The most common cognitive problems are with perception, executive functioning and attention. Disorders include:
 * Approximately 42% of children with NF-1 have symptoms of autism, with 36.78% of them being severe cases, 33.33% being mild to moderate cases, and 29.89% of them having both symptoms of autism and ADHD.
 * Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder has been shown to be present in approximately 40% of children with NF-1.
 * Speech and language delays have also been identified in approximately 68% of preschool children with NF-1.
 * Motor deficits are common. Motor deficits due to NF-1 are probably not cerebellar.
 * Spatial deficit.

Nervous system disease
The primary neurologic involvement in NF-1 is of the peripheral nervous system, and secondarily of the central nervous system. Schwannomatosis is a rare condition defined by the presence of multiple benign tumors of nerves that are frequently very painful. In addition to pain, weakness is a common problem. Symptoms usually begin in young or mid-adult years.

Neurofibroma
A neurofibroma is a lesion of the peripheral nervous system. Its cellular lineage is uncertain, and may derive from Schwann cells, other perineural cell lines, or fibroblasts. Neurofibromas may arise sporadically, or in association with NF-1.

Neurofibroma conditions are progressive and include:
 * Plexiform neurofibroma: Often congenital. Lesions are composed of sheets of neurofibromatous tissue that may infiltrate and encase major nerves, blood vessels, and other vital structures. These lesions are difficult and sometimes impossible to routinely resect without causing any significant damage to surrounding nerves and tissue.
 * Solitary neurofibroma, affecting 8–12% of patients with NF-1. This occurs in a deep nerve trunk. Diagnosis by cross-sectional imaging (e.g., computed tomography or magnetic resonance) as a fusiform enlargement of a nerve.
 * Schwannomas, peripheral nerve-sheath tumors which are seen with increased frequency in NF-1. The major distinction between a schwannoma and a solitary neurofibroma is that a schwannoma can be resected while sparing the underlying nerve, whereas resection of a neurofibroma requires the sacrifice of the underlying nerve.
 * Nerve root neurofibroma.
 * Bones, especially the ribs, can develop chronic erosions (pits) from the constant pressure of adjacent neurofibroma or schwannoma. Similarly, the neural foramen of the spine can be widened due to the presence of a nerve root neurofibroma or schwannoma. Surgery may be needed when NF-1 related tumors compress organs or other structures.

Nerve sheath tumor

 * Chronic pain, numbness, and/or paralysis due to peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

Other complications

 * Renal artery anomalies or pheochromocytoma and associated chronic hypertension
 * Schwannoma
 * Plexiform fibromas
 * Optic nerve glioma
 * Epilepsy

Epilepsy

 * Occurrence. Epileptic seizures have been reported in up to 7% of NF-1 patients.
 * Diagnosis. Electroencephalograph, magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomographic scan, single-photon emission CT and positron emission tomographic scan.
 * Etiology. Due to cerebral tumors, cortical malformation, mesial temporal sclerosis.
 * Therapy. Drug therapy (57% amenable) where not resistant (29%).

Glial tumors
Intracranially, NF-1 patients have a predisposition to develop glial tumors of the central nervous system, primarily optic nerve gliomas and associated blindness.

Focally degenerative myelin
Another CNS manifestation of NF-1 is the so-called "unidentified bright object" or UBO, which is a lesion which has increased signal on a T2 weighted sequence of a magnetic resonance imaging examination of the brain. These UBOs are typically found in the Cerebral peduncle, pons, midbrain, globus pallidus, thalamus, and optic radiations. Their exact identity remains a bit of a mystery since they disappear over time (usually, by age 16), and they are not typically biopsied or resected. They may represent a focally degenerative bit of myelin.

Dural ectasia
Within the CNS, NF-1 manifests as a weakness of the dura, which is the tough covering of the brain and spine. Weakness of the dura leads to focal enlargement due to chronic exposure to the pressures of CSF pulsation, and typically presents as paraesthesia or loss of motor or sensory function. It has been shown that dural ectasia occur near plexiform neurofibromas which may be infiltrative leading to weakening of the dura.

Acetazolamide has shown promise as a treatment for this condition, and in very few cases do dural ectasia require surgery.

Mental Health
People with NF1 are at increased risk for experiencing social and emotional difficulties such as; anxiety, depression, low self-esteem and/or body image, social withdrawal, difficulty forming interpersonal relationships, behavioural problems, and difficulties in school. People with NF1 are much more likely to experience suicidal thoughts than the general population. One study found that 45% of people with NF had suicidal thoughts compared to 10% of a healthy control group. Another study found that 46.5% were of people with NF1 were found to have at least one psychiatric comorbid diagnosis.

Neurodivergence
Children and adults with NF-1 often have Autism and/or ADHD.
 * 30 - 50% of people with NF1 also meet the diagnostic criteria for ADHD
 * 11 - 26% of people with NF1 also have Autism Spectrum Disorder

Puberty and height
Children diagnosed with NF-1 may experience delayed or precocious puberty. Recent studies have correlated precocious puberty in individuals with NF-1 with the presence of optic pathway tumours. Furthermore, the heights of children affected by NF-1 have been shown to increase normally until puberty, after which increases in height lessen when compared to healthy counterparts. This eventually causes a shorter stature than expected in individuals with NF-1.

Cancer
Cancer can arise in the form of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor resulting from malignant degeneration of a plexiform neurofibroma.
 * Frequency. A plexiform neurofibroma has a lifetime risk of 8–12% of transformation into a malignant tumor.
 * Diagnosis. MRI.
 * Treatment. Surgery (primary), radiation therapy.
 * Mortality. Malignant nerve sheath tumor was the main cause of death (60%) in a study of 1895 patients with NF-1 from France in the time period 1980–2006 indicated excess mortality in NF-1 patients compared to the general population.  The cause of death was available for 58 (86.6%) patients.  The study found excess mortality occurred among patients aged 10 to 40 years. Significant excess mortality was found in both males and females.

Breast Cancer
People assigned female at birth with NF also have a five-fold increased risk of breast cancer and may have an increased breast cancer related mortality. The median survival for breast cancer in people with NF was 5 years vs. the reported median survival of over 20 years in the general population using the SEER database.

Neurofibromin 1 gene
NF-1 is a microdeletion syndrome caused by a mutation of a gene located on chromosomal segment 17q11.2 on the long arm of chromosome 17 which encodes a protein known as neurofibromin (not to be confused with the disorder itself) which plays a role in cell signaling. The Neurofibromin 1 gene is a negative regulator of the Ras oncogene signal transduction pathway. It stimulates the GTPase activity of Ras.

In 1989, through linkage and cross over analyses, neurofibromin was localized to chromosome 17. It was localized to the long arm of chromosome 17 by chance when researchers discovered chromosome exchanges between chromosome 17 with chromosome 1 and 22. This exchange of genetic material presumably caused a mutation in the neurofibromin gene, leading to the NF1 phenotype. Two recurrent microdeletion types with microdeletion breakpoints located in paralogous regions flanking NF1 (proximal NF1-REP-a and distal NF1-REP-c for the 1.4 Mb type-1 microdeletion, and SUZ12 and SUZ12P for the 1.2 Mb type-2 microdeletion), are found in most cases.

Structure
The neurofibromin gene was soon sequenced and found to be 350,000 base pairs in length. However, the protein is 2818 amino acids long leading to the concept of splice variants. For example, exon 9a, 23a and 48a are expressed in the neurons of the forebrain, muscle tissues and adult neurons respectively.

Homology studies have shown that neurofibromin is 30% similar to proteins in the GTPase activating protein (GAP) family. This homologous sequence is in the central portion of neurofibromin and being similar to the GAP family is recognized as a negative regulator of the Ras kinase.

Additionally, being such a large protein, more active domains of the protein have been identified. One such domain interacts with the protein adenylyl cyclase, and a second with collapsin response mediator protein. Together, likely with domains yet to be discovered, neurofibromin regulates many of the pathways responsible for overactive cell proliferation, learning impairments, skeletal defects and plays a role in neuronal development.

Inheritance and spontaneous mutation
The mutant gene is transmitted with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, but up to 50% of NF-1 cases arise due to spontaneous mutation. The incidence of NF-1 is about 1 in 3500 live births.

Prenatal testing and prenatal expectations
Prenatal testing may be used to identify the existence of NF-1 in the fetus. For embryos produced via in vitro fertilisation, it is possible via preimplantation genetic diagnosis to screen for NF-1.

While the presence of NF-1 can be identified through prenatal testing the severity with which the condition will be expressed is impossible to determine.

People with NF-1 have a 50% percent chance of passing the disorder to their offspring, but people can have a child born with NF-1 when they themselves do not have the condition. This is caused by a spontaneous mutation.

Post-natal testing
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has created specific criteria for the diagnosis of NF-1. Two of these seven "Cardinal Clinical Features" are required for positive diagnosis. There is practical flowchart to distinguish between NF1, NF2 and schwannomatosis.
 * Six or more café-au-lait spots over 5 mm in greatest diameter in pre-pubertal individuals and over 15 mm in greatest diameter in post-pubertal individuals. Note that multiple café-au-lait spots alone are not a definitive diagnosis of NF-1 as these spots can be caused by a number of other conditions.
 * Two or more neurofibromas of any type or 1 plexiform neurofibroma
 * Freckling in the axillary (Crowe sign) or inguinal regions
 * Optic nerve glioma
 * Two or more Lisch nodules (pigmented iris hamartomas)
 * A distinctive osseous lesion such as sphenoid dysplasia, or thinning of the long bone cortex with or without pseudarthrosis.
 * A first degree relative (parent, sibling, or offspring) with NF-1 by the above criteria.

Treatment
Treatment for NF1 is limited, and there is currently no cure. Pain meds can be prescribed to help with pain. In some cases, growths may be removed surgically or reduced with radiation therapy. Treatment options are limited, given the tumours tendency to regrow following surgery and their propensity to transform into malignant tumours following radiation. Although surgery in these areas can cause further injury to nerves and additional neurological problems. The benefits of surgery should always be considered against its risks. Some NF tumours are inoperable.

Selumetinib
Selumetinib, is a drug produced by Astra Zeneca sold under the brand name Koselugo, and was approved by the FDA in April 2020 for the treatment of NF-1 in the pediatric population who are two or more years of age. It is a mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor (MEKi) and is indicated for use in pediatric patients who are symptomatic and have inoperable plexiform neurofibromas. However, this medication is not curative and is not suitable for all patients.

Side effects of Selumetinib include headache, nausea/vomiting, abdominal pain and other problems of the gastrointestinal tract, fatigue, muscle pain, Constipation, Paronychia as well as dry skin and other skin and hair problems. The side effects can have a significant impact on a patient's life and may lead to someone having to discontinue treatment.

In an open-label, phase 2 trial of selumetinib with 50 children:
 * 35 patients (70%) had a confirmed partial response, 28 of these patients had a durable response (lasting ≥1 year)
 * After 1 year of treatment, the mean decrease in child-reported tumour pain-intensity scores was 2 points, which is considered a clinically meaningful improvement

Prognosis
NF-1 is a progressive and diverse condition, making the prognosis difficult to predict. The NF-1 gene mutations manifest the disorder differently even amongst people of the same family. This phenomenon is called variable expressivity. For example, some individuals have almost no symptoms, while others may have a manifestation that is rapidly more progressive and can lead to significant disability and death.

For many NF-1 patients, a primary concern is the disfigurement caused by cutaneous/dermal neurofibromas, pigmented lesions, and the occasional limb abnormalities. However, there are many more severe complications caused by NF-1 like increased cancer risk, a plexiform neurofibroma has a 10-15% chance of developing into a MPNST (Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumour) Epidemiology NF-1 is estimated to affect around 25,000 people in the UK.

In popular culture
In the novel "The Covenant of Water" by Abraham Verghese, Von Recklinghausen disease (referred to as "The Condition") is a key element of the plot.

For many years it was thought Joseph Merrick, known as the Elephant Man, had suffered from neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). In 1986, geneticists Tibbles and Cohen conjectured that Merrick was afflicted with Proteus syndrome, a much rarer condition.

title: Neurofibromatosis type I


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Camel (album)

Camel is the debut studio album by English progressive rock band Camel, released in February 1973 by MCA Records.

Timeline
By August 1972, Camel were signed to MCA Records. They quickly entered the studio to record Camel. A collection of individual songs, chiefly from Andrew Latimer and Peter Bardens, the album was greeted with muted success and MCA did not take an option for a second album. By then, the group had acquired the management team of Geoff Jukes and Max Hole of Gemini Artists (later to become GAMA Records) and had moved to Decca Records, where they would remain for the next 10 years.

Tour
Camel gigged 9 months of the year and firmly established a reputation for their live sound in the UK, Switzerland, Belgium, and the Netherlands. They shared the stage with other artists such as Stackridge, Barclay James Harvest, Gong, Hawkwind, Pink Fairies, Global Village Trucking Company, and Spyro Gyra.

Reception
In their ranking of the band's 14 albums, Prog Sphere placed Camel at #4, calling the song "Never Let Go" the real highlight on it. They wrote "this debut is not just another example of a stepping stone, but an accomplished work in its own right. While not as good as the group's later albums, it is a most excellent start and an essential Camel release, as well as a very good starting point to get into their wonderful music."

Reissue
The album was remastered and reissued in 2002 on London Records with two bonus tracks: the single version of "Never Let Go" and a live version of "Homage to the God of Light", a staple of the band's early shows. A studio version of the latter had appeared on keyboard player Peter Bardens' debut solo album The Answer in 1970.

Personnel
Camel
 * Andrew Latimer – guitar; vocals (1, 4)
 * Peter Bardens – organ, Mellotron, piano, VCS 3 synthesizer; vocals (5, 8)
 * Doug Ferguson – bass guitar; vocals (2, 6)
 * Andy Ward – drums, percussion

Production
 * Engineered by Roger Quested
 * Sleeve design by Modula

Release details

 * 1973, UK, MCA MUPS 473, Release Date February 1973, LP
 * 1977, UK, MCA MCL 1601 Release Date Approx 1977, LP
 * 2002, UK, London 8829252, Release Date 3 June 2002, CD (remastered edition)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Camel (album)


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Justice Rutledge

Justice Rutledge may refer to:

 * John Rutledge (1739–1800), associate justice and chief justice of the United States Supreme Court
 * Wiley Rutledge (1894–1949), associate justice of the United States Supreme Court

title: Justice Rutledge


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User:Pius XII

Why did you delete everything in the Papal Conclave, 2005 article? Please avoid vandalizing articles in the future. (Alphaboi867 04:58, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC))

title: User:Pius XII


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Øystein Runde

This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this  page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was no consensus. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 18:48, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Øystein Runde
and he also recived the most money from the norwegian comic foundation last year. Norway is a strong nation when it comes to cartoon/comics and I think a couple more should be included, not excluded. Being involved with Kristopher Schau is not a reason in itself, however.
 * Keep Øystein Runde has written Norways first and only superhero comic, Bjartmann,
 * Keep I'm responsible for this entry. Kristopher Schau, the Norwegian muscician and artist has an entry in the English Wikipedia. Upon seeing that, I thought it useful to supplement this article with the fact that he also is the author of a quite controversial comic. Namely, Margarin. Øystein Runde, the illustrator of this comic, is an up-and-coming cartoonist in Norway and also has entries in the Norwegian Wikipedia. Admittedly, I got a bit carried away with some of my entries (including Sigurd Ohrem which I admit I do know and which I agree should be deleted or in any case only appear on a Norwegian site) on my first day here at Wikipedia. But if Kristopher Schau is worthy of a Wikipedia entry, so is Øystein Runde. He has, by the way, as the unofficial criteria demands, been published in a periodical with a circulation of 5,000 or more (Smult) as well as having published two comics of his own with a circulation of similar magnitude. Not to mention his monthly strip in Spirit, with a circulation of a lot more than 5,000. The man is a notable Norwegian sub-cultural phenomenon. I will add a link and expand this stub in the run of some days to make it more serious. I will also include information from some of the smaller articles pertaining to this man.-- Gaupepasser 18:27, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: I have no problem with the notability of Kristopher Schau. But having worked with him is not reason for notability per se. He has worked with hundreds of people. -- Egil 17:09, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: It is not based on his co-operation with Kristopher Schau alone that Øystein Runde is worthy of an entry. As I mentioned above, Øystein Runde has been published and is constantly published in periodicals with a circulation of more than 5,000. In case you misunderstood, I was referring to Øystein Runde, not Kristopher Schau, in my comment. For the year 2004, he received a substantial amount of the support funds of Norsk Tegneserieråd (Norwegian Comic Council). The man is notable in his own right. He is more known for Margarin than Schau. Gaupepasser 20:05, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Presumably an autobiography/vanity. Sufficient notability not established. -- Egil 04:58, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain. Can you get someone familliar with Norwegian culture to verify this entry's notability or lack thereof? Andrew pmk 06:04, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Looks like yet another guy pushing all his friends into WP. Check out his contributions. The subject of one of his articles has an IMDB entry, though. Rl 10:57, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable enough, nor is his comic. Even in Norway. Sjakkalle 11:55, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete NN. --Fuzzball! (talk) 20:22, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Flamen Martialis

In ancient Roman religion, the Flamen Martialis was the high priest of the official state cult of Mars, the god of war. He was one of the flamines maiores, the three high priests who were the most important of the fifteen flamens. The Flamen Martialis would have led public rites on the days sacred to Mars. Among his duties was the ritual brandishing of the sacred spears of Mars when the Roman army was preparing for war.

Like other flamines maiores, the high priest of Mars was a patrician and required to marry through the ceremony of confarreatio. His wife functioned as an assistant priestess with the title Flaminicia Martialis. It is not clear whether the death of his wife required him to resign his duties, as was the case for the Flamen Dialis.

Role
At the Larentalia in April, the Flamen Martialis poured libations in honour of Acca Laurentia, wife of Faustulus, the foster-father of the Rome's twin founders, Romulus and Remus. It is assumed by modern scholars, though nowhere specifically stated in any ancient source, that the Flamen Martialis presided over the October Horse, a sacrifice of a horse to Mars in the Campus Martius.

The major flamens were placed under several religious prohibitions that restricted their military and political careers. In the 240s BC, for instance, the consul Aulus Postumius Albinus could not assume his military command, because the pontifex maximus Lucius Caecilius Metellus invoked the prohibition against a Flamen Martialis leaving the city. The Flamines Martiales were likely appointed by the pontifex maximus and initiated by an augur in the comitia calata. Members of the Flamines Martiales may have had their term end when their wife died. The wife of a Flamen Martialis was also a priestess.

List of Flamines Martiales
The priesthood was held for life; dates given below represent the year in which the priesthood is recorded.

 * Aulus Postumius Albinus (consul 242 BC), c. 244 BC.
 * Marcus Aemilius Regillus, d. 204 BC.
 * Tiberius Veturius Philo, his successor in 204 BC.
 * Publius Quinctilius Varus, d. 169 BC.
 * Lucius Postumius Albinus, consul 154 BC, successor of the preceding in 168 until his death during his consulship.
 * Lucius Valerius Flaccus, consul 131 BC. He probably succeeded L. Postumius Albinus in 154 BC.
 * Lucius Valerius Flaccus, consul 100 BC and princeps senatus in 86 BC.
 * Lucius Cornelius Lentulus Niger (d. 56 BC?), successor of the preceding in 69 BC, and notable for the detailed record of the pontifical dinner held for his inauguration.
 * Lucius Cornelius Lentulus, c. 25 BC
 * Gaius Junius Silanus, AD 10.

title: Flamen Martialis


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Justice O'Connor

Justice O'Connor may refer to:

 * Deirdre O'Connor (1941–2024), judge of the Federal Court of Australia
 * Dennis O'Connor (judge) (fl. 1970s–2010s), associate chief justice of Ontario on the Ontario Court of Appeal
 * Earl Eugene O'Connor (1922–1998), associate justice of the Kansas Supreme Court
 * Kenneth O'Connor (1896–1985), chief justice of Jamaica and later of Kenya
 * Maureen O'Connor (born 1951), chief justice of the Supreme Court of Ohio
 * Richard Edward O'Connor (1851–1912), justice of the High Court of Australia
 * Sandra Day O'Connor (1930–2023), associate justice of the United States Supreme Court

title: Justice O'Connor


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UNB

UNB may refer to:

Education

 * National University of Benin (French: Université Nationale du Bénin)
 * University of Brasília
 * University of New Brunswick
 * University of New Brunswick Fredericton campus (UNBF)
 * University of New Brunswick Saint John campus (UNBSJ)

Sports

 * University of New Brunswick
 * UNB Reds
 * UNB Saint John Seawolves

Other

 * Barrientista National Union (Spanish: Unidad Nacional Barrientista), a political party in Bolivia
 * Unnilbium (Unb), a chemical element now known as Nobelium
 * Union National Bank a bank in the United Arab Emirates
 * United News of Bangladesh
 * Ultra Narrow Band, a network technology
 * UNB (group), a South Korean boy band consisting of winners from The Unit: Idol Rebooting Project

title: UNB


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1964 Philadelphia race riot

The Philadelphia race riot, or Columbia Avenue Riot, took place in the predominantly black neighborhoods of North Philadelphia from August 28 to August 30, 1964. Tensions between black residents of the city and police had been escalating for several months over several well-publicized allegations of police brutality.

This riot was one of the first in the civil rights era and followed the 1964 Rochester race riot and Harlem riot of 1964 in New York City.

Background
In 1964, North Philadelphia was the city's center of African-American culture, and home to 400,000 of the city's 600,000 black residents. The Philadelphia Police Department had tried to improve its relationship with the city's black community, assigning police to patrol black neighborhoods in teams of one black and one white officer per squad car and having a civilian review board to handle cases of police brutality.

Despite the improvement attempts of the Philadelphia Police Department, racial tensions had been high in Philadelphia over the issue of police brutality. The Philadelphia Tribune, the city’s black newspaper, ran several articles on police brutality which often resulted in white policemen being brought up on charges of brutality, only to be later acquitted. The summer of 1964 was at the peak of the civil rights movement with rioting breaking out in black areas of other northern cities including New York City; Rochester, N.Y.; Jersey City, N.J., and Elizabeth, N.J. stemming from allegations of police brutality against black residents.

The riots
The unrest began on the evening of August 28 after a black woman named Odessa Bradford got into an argument with two police officers, one black, Robert Wells, and the other white, John Hoff, because Bradford stopped the car while arguing with her boyfriend and refused to move out of the intersection at 23rd Street and Columbia Avenue. The officers then tried to physically remove Bradford from the car. As the argument went on, a large crowd assembled in the area. A man tried to come to Bradford's aid by attacking the police officers at the scene, both he and Bradford were arrested.

Rumors then spread throughout North Philadelphia that a pregnant black woman had been beaten to death by white police officers. Later that evening, and throughout the next two days, angry mobs looted and burned mostly white-owned businesses in North Philadelphia, mainly along Columbia Avenue. Outnumbered, the police response was to withdraw from the area rather than aggressively confront the rioters.

Although no one was killed, 341 people were injured, 774 people were arrested and 225 stores were damaged or destroyed in the three days of rioting. Some of the tension was attributable to religion, with Black Muslims and black nationalists pitted against Black Baptist ministers who called for calm.

Aftermath
The riot was reported to have caused $4,000,000 worth of damages,. Business activity in North Philadelphia declined even further after the riots, as many of the damaged or destroyed stores never re-opened for business. The riots also helped to facilitate the political rise to power of Frank Rizzo, who favored more punitive approaches to crime.

In 1987, Columbia Avenue between Front and 33rd Streets was renamed Cecil B. Moore Avenue after the influential and often controversial Civil Rights leader. Although his role was limited, Moore has been regarded as a pacifying figure who helped quell the rioting.

Cultural references
A fictionalized version of the events of the Philadelphia riots of 1964 are depicted in the first season finale of the NBC television series American Dreams.

title: 1964 Philadelphia race riot


text:
Caramel apple

Caramel apples or toffee apples are whole apples covered in a layer of caramel. They are created by dipping or rolling apples-on-a-stick in hot caramel, sometimes then rolling them in nuts or other small savories or confections, and allowing them to cool. When these additional ingredients, such as nut toppings, are added, the caramel apple can be called a taffy apple.

Production
For high-volume production of caramel apples, a sheet of caramel can be wrapped around the apple, followed by heating the apple to melt the caramel evenly onto it. This creates a harder caramel that is easier to transport but more difficult to eat. Caramel apple production at home usually involves melting pre-purchased caramel candies for dipping or making a homemade caramel from ingredients like corn syrup, brown sugar, butter, and vanilla. Homemade caramel generally results in a softer, creamier coating.

In recent years, it has become increasingly popular to decorate caramel apples for holidays like Halloween. Methods used to do this include applying sugar or salt to softened caramel, dipping cooled, hardened apples in white or milk chocolate, or painting designs onto finished caramel apples with white chocolate colored with food coloring.

Classically, the preferred apples for use in caramel apples are tart-tasting apples with a crisp texture such as Granny Smith.

History
Hunter's Candy in Moscow, Idaho began selling caramel apples in 1936. Hard-coated candy apples had been around since 1908, but Hunter's Candy created a new treat by coating the apples with their caramel. During World War II, these apples were shipped overseas to soldiers in Korea, Japan, and England.

In 1948, the Kastrup family founded The Affy Tapple Company in Chicago. The recipe for their caramel apples came from Edna Kastrup and is still used today for their "The Original Caramel Apple" line

In 1960, Vito Raimondi patented the first automatic caramel apple making machine, replacing much of the process that involved production by hand.

title: Caramel apple


text:
User:TitaniumDreads

You May Edit This Page :-)
Really, you can. ;-)

This is my user page. I like to keep it a certain way. But, the thing is, I trust you. I trust that you'll add something here that makes me smile, that informs me, or that helps to inform others. If I have things in a certain format, I trust that you'll respect that format. Actually, scratch that. Since this page is so simple and ugly, my ultimate dream is that some person who thinks it is fun will come along and make it look as perfect as Angela's user page. See that link up there: 'edit this page'? Go for it. It's a wiki wiki world. Jimbo Wales 16:28, 4 Nov 2004 (UTC)

On April 25, 2005 I got a chance to hang out with user:Jimbo_Wales after a speech at Harvard Law School. We talked about how wikipedia is based on trust and he told me about how his user page is editable. I lifted the above directly from his user page but it applies to mine as well...It's a wiki wiki world. TitaniumDreads 22:27, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)

“The media are desperately afraid of being accused of bias. And that’s partly because there’s a whole machine out there, an organized attempt to accuse them of bias whenever they say anything that the Right doesn’t like. So rather than really try to report things objectively, they settle for being even-handed, which is not the same thing. One of my lines in a column — in which a number of people thought I was insulting them personally — was that if Bush said the Earth was flat, the mainstream media would have stories with the headline: ‘Shape of Earth–Views Differ.’ Then they’d quote some Democrats saying that it was round.” - Paul Krugman

TitaniumDreads I started editing wikipedia when I saw a typo in one of my favorite articles and my obsession has exploded from there.

About Me

Tribe.net Profile (interests, friends, pictures) -> TitaniumDreads

Blog -> Voodoo Knickers

If there is something you think I should know about... wheatgrass - at - gmail

I welcome all correspondence and will reply to everything. I do get a lot of email though and if my response is coming a little slow, don't be afraid to send another email reminding me (with strong language).

Don't forget to show the WikiLove

Are Wikis the Answer to Everything? (work in progress)
The more I participate in wikipedia the more I see the wiki model as an answer to a great deal of serious coordination problems. However, I've had significant trouble selling others on the idea. It's hard to convey to non-users that wikipedia blows my mind about once a week, not just because of the raw information it provides but the methods it uses to regulate itself. I love Wikipedia because it's an affront to the tradional systems of information distribution. What is particularly interesting is that Wikipedia is now overtaking the old guard of media, it gets four times as many hits as the New York Times.

It's clear (to me anyway) that distributed user swarms represent one of the most efficient methods of organization created to date. I get the impression that people are wed to the idea of hierarchy, not necessarily because it works better but because it's what we've been socialized to see as valid. That socialization is at least due in part to a paucity of alternatives. Representative democracy superceeded direct democracy not because it's fundamentally better but because of technological limitations.

Wikipedia has demonstrated scalability and is growing at a staggering rate, it's now more popular than that icon of old media, none other than the New York Times. The Times has responded with the opposite tack, already it's articles "expire" after two weeks. BUT, information wants to be free and fair use laws allow other media outlets to print articles whole as long as they are properly attributed to the times. You can google the title for just about any article and find it free somewhere else instead of getting gouged for it. So here's my question...is wikipedia scalable enough to make policy decisions? What if the government were a wiki?

So I asked Professor Jonathan Zittrain this and he pointed out a couple things.

His cyberlaw class at Harvard Law had a class wiki and it was...well...a trainwreck. All of these people had been thrown into using it and there were no social norms, hence the wiki was all over the place.

So what makes a wiki fail and what makes a wiki successful?

Here's what I've worked out for success.

There have to be a decently large number of people using it. The more people use it the more people will fall into essential niche positions that make the system run smoothly. For instance I found out today that there are people who run around making sure that all the stubs are placed in specific categories (bio-stub, history-stub, even star wars-stub!). For policy decisions at a national level there are certainly enough people to fill niche positions.

A successful wiki also needs to be persistent. I think the Law School wiki failed because people knew that whatever they created would die at the end of the semester. If you know something isn't going to last there is no reason to put a lot of work into it.

Here's another interesting thing that I've noticed. When I ask people if they've ever heard about wikipedia I keep getting a surprising answer. Lots of people who use wikipedia don't know that they can edit it if they want to!!!

One thing that may be a point in favor of my wiki as policy is the israel/palestine page.

The internet is the printing press 2.0 and wikis give everyone the power to contribute without having to the learn html.

Bram Cohen recently debued trackerless torrents his goal was to make "publishing files on the Web painless and disruptively cheap"

We're moving towards an open

- current incarnation of "representative" democracy built when people were physically incapable of participating in the process of governance. In the days before the engine it just didn't make sense for john q farmer to ride an oxcart into the city. The wiki model changes this because technology provides a proxy for travel.

- We've only seen the beginning of this phenomena. Take into account that vast minority of earths population has regular access to the internet right now. That's going to change big time, soon. look at the 100 dollar laptop.

Interesting Articles

 * Autonomous building

To Do
identified and recruited Young Americans Foundation]] 3 month intensive on journalism clerked with fed soc judged pasco bowman II Aid for spencer abram senate judiciary
 * AstraZeneca page contains very little information about AstraZenecas roll in the breast cancer industry
 * return glyphosate to endocrine disruptor status
 * I made a start at this, and tried to summarize the current research... The waters are muddy though, lots of interests at stake. Phidauex 21:43, 28 October 2005 (UTC)
 * Beef up ANWR, Brian Tracy articles
 * Start Mercatus Center article
 * Ad info about hiroshima to Leslie Groves page
 * Richard Thaler article mentions anomalies, figure out what they are and put them in the article.
 * Club for Growth
 * Paul Weyrich
 * Michael Grebe
 * phoenix group >> Democracy Alliance
 * Leadership Institute
 * Club for Growth did those fucking swiftboat ads
 * Ann Coulter]

NOW a trainer at young americas foundation

 * Acton Institute
 * Institute on Religion and Public Life
 * Institution on religion and Democracy

 * National Center for Policy Analysis

-- Legal Groups --

 * Center for individual Rights
 * Landmark Legal Foundation
 * Institute for Justice
 * Judicial Watch
 * Federalist Society
 * Washington Legal Foundation

-- Persistent Organic Pollutants --

there should be a category for them that includes

 * Aldrin
 * Amalgam Fillings-Mercury Fillings
 * Chlordane
 * DDT
 * Dieldrin
 * Endrin
 * Heptachlor
 * Lindane
 * Mirex
 * Phthalates
 * Toxaplin

Powell Memo
1. Redirect Powell Memo to memorandum

People

Irving Kristol Bill Coors Heritage Foundation

http://www.prospect.org/web/printfriendly-view.ww?id=9606

http://www.mediatransparency.org/story.php?storyID=22

http://www.mediatransparency.org/story.php?storyID=21

http://reclaimdemocracy.org/corporate_accountability/powell_memo_lewis.html

-- Depleted Uranium Stuff --

- MK Ultra >> MK Search mind control shit, records destroyed by richard helms om 72 >> Rockefeller Commission Report no records kept

- Project Whitecoat - code name 2300 7th day adventist servicemen >> germ weapons >> Fort Deitrich biowarfare division

- Agent Orange defoliant (code for orange band used on tank) 24d, may 5th

Zumwalt report to vet affairs says

- BZ - Agent Buzz - psychotropic weaponize >> Project Dork still largely classified, effects lasted for weeks, movie jacobs ladder

Gulf War Syndrome 697,000 troops served 250,000 considered disabled

Doug Rokke - US army health physcist, nuke medice medicine sceinces officer disabled veteran

DU - first used by israelis against egyptians - 350 tons of radioactive materials - munitions los alamos memos - combat lifesaver program

uranium ore us 3 isotopes 99.28% uranium 238

emits alpha beta gamma rays on impact

4.25 million electron volts

Leuren Moret Geological Sceintist damaging effects of

groves memorandum

warned depleted

un subcom on human rights ruled they were an illegal chemical weapon because they make food and water

2400 tons in iraq 2nd time

half life 4.5 billion years

Staff seargent bob jones

microplasma fermenat incognitis

Enriched Uranium

M40 series masks leak when heads turn

create uranium oxides

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Business_and_Economics_Forum

Buddies

 * Phidauex - Tight bro since third grade.
 * SJ - Fellow Geeks List and HCS cowboy.
 * Skyfaller - Copyright Compadre
 * LawTree - Law Lemur

To Read (feel free to add stuff here, if you think I should read it)
http://www.forbes.com/2006/05/20/laziness-working-good_cz_mm_06work_0523lazy.html
 * Descartes René Descartes, while studying philosophy with Jesuits, was often so unable to get out of bed in the morning that the monks threw buckets of cold water on him. With amazing lackadaisical fortitude, the philosopher-to-be would “turn over and go back to sleep.”

 * W. V. Quine

 * Privity
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prior_art
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._L._Austin
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Searle
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Room
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friedrich_Nietzsche
 * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelley_v._Kraemer

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Surveillance_Act

title: User:TitaniumDreads


text: Category:Lists of words

title: Category:Lists of words


text:
Morr Music

Morr Music is an independent record label based in Berlin, Germany, founded in 1999 by Thomas Morr. Most artists on the label fall into the categories of intelligent dance music, electronica and dreampop, but all reflect Thomas Morr's personal taste. This results in a cohesive aesthetic observable in both the aural and visual elements of the label's releases.

Style
The label's style of music, for which Thomas Morr coined the term plinkerpop (or plinker music), stems from the hybridization of electronica and indie or shoegaze rock. First popularized by the now-defunct German duo Herrmann & Kleine, plinkerpop typically consists of pop-rock melodies buried beneath "glitchy" synthetic tones and layers of digital signal processing effects, such as distortion and reverb. Music journalism sites often reference bands such as My Bloody Valentine, Cocteau Twins, and Slowdive when reviewing Morr Music releases; stylistic influences confirmed by the two-disc Morr compilation album Blue Skied an' Clear, which contains one full disc of artists reworking Slowdive tracks in plinkerpop style, and another disc to which Morr bands contributed original songs "inspired by" Slowdive.

Roster

 * The American Analog Set
 * Benni Hemm Hemm
 * F. S. Blumm
 * Borko
 * Butcher the Bar
 * Contriva
 * Couch
 * Duo 505
 * Electric President
 * Fenster
 * B. Fleischmann
 * Herrmann & Kleine
 * The Go Find
 * Guther
 * Isan
 * It's a Musical
 * Christian Kleine
 * Lali Puna
 * Limp
 * Man's Best Friend
 * Manual
 * Ms. John Soda
 * múm
 * Opiate
 * The Notwist
 * Orcas
 * Pascal Pinon
 * People Press Play
 * Phonem
 * Populous
 * Masha Qrella
 * Radical Face
 * Seabear
 * Seavault
 * Sin Fang
 * Sóley
 * Solvent
 * Styrofoam
 * Surf City
 * Tarwater
 * Tied & Tickled Trio

title: Morr Music


text:
User:Pecholobo

Name: Samuel

Age: 22 (born 1984)

Location: Barcelona, Spain

Languages: Spanish and Catalan as first languages; English as a second language

Website: My LiveJournal

My work on Wikipedia
I love the English version of Wikipedia, but I seldom write new material. Generally I just correct typos, punctuation or other simple mistakes.

I started the Eytan Fox article because he's my favorite movie director and I couldn't believe he didn't have an article yet.

Sometimes I make mistakes. Please bear with me - I was probably just trying to help. :)

In case you're interested, these are the changes I've made to Wikipedia.

title: User:Pecholobo


text:
Justice Moore

Justice Moore may refer to:

 * Alfred Moore (1755–1810), associate justice of the United States Supreme Court
 * Andrew G. T. Moore II (1935–2018), associate justice of the Delaware Supreme Court
 * C. Edwin Moore (fl. 1960s–1970s), associate justice of the Iowa Supreme Court
 * Charles Page Thomas Moore (1831–1904), associate justice of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia
 * Dan K. Moore (1906–1986), associate justice of the North Carolina Supreme Court
 * Daniel A. Moore Jr. (1933–2022), associate justice of the Alaska Supreme Court
 * Frank A. Moore (1844–1918), chief justice of the Oregon Supreme Court
 * George F. Moore (Texas judge) (1822–1883), justice of the Texas Supreme Court
 * James E. Moore (judge) (born 1936), associate justice of the South Carolina Supreme Court
 * Joseph B. Moore (Michigan judge) (1845–1930), associate justice of the Michigan Supreme Court
 * Ostis Otto Moore (1896–1990), chief justice of the Colorado Supreme Court
 * Roy Moore (born 1947), chief justice of the Supreme Court of Alabama
 * W. F. Moore (1868–1956), associate justice of the Texas Supreme Court

title: Justice Moore


text:
User talk:Dalf

I have been an off and on editor for a while. I mostly do clean up type stuff as I don't do really well writing professional sounding blocks of text. Use the little plus button please it will put new topics at the bottom with a heading, or just click here. Dalf | Talk 02:29, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

Archive
User talk:Dalf/Archive 1

Ford Family Tree
I originally created the Ford Family tree, in text format. There were not any "pictorial" versions of any other family trees that I could find when I created it originally. Please give me some info on how you created the boxed family tree. I am very interested in it. It looks pretty good compared to the text format.--Drussel3 02:26, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

Archiving
Hi Dalf, it was I who deleted the contend of the Talk page, but it was to clear the air, and to get the writers to give proof of their objections to the article so that it could be rectified in order for the neutrality tag to be lifted, which is in the best interest of Wikipedia, I assume. I did not know about the archiving function, I would appreciate it if you could send me a link to information about how to archive. Regards.-Gemsbok1 20:17, 7 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Unfortunatly it is a mostly manual process. There is a general intrest on wikipedia of keeping "historical" record of discussions in a place where they are easy to find.  This is especially true in contentious arguments as they frequently come up at requests for arbatration (WP:RfA) or requests for comment (WP:RFC) and people may want to refer to them.  I can totally see your point about wanting to clear the air though and I have seen archiving used to do so, though in my expirence if a argument is firce enough removing parts of the page (espically if done selectivly) makes things worse.  If it has not caused anyone to object though I suspect you did the correct thing.  I will go ahead and make an archive for you, the basic way is:
 * You create a subpage (in this case Talk:Orania/archive1)
 * Copy and paste the older inactive conversations into it and save it.
 * Add a link to the top of the talk page.
 * Dalf | Talk 00:45, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

Tatar (disambiguation)
The problem with the Tatar (disambiguation) move is that no one put a reference to it on the Tatars page (or it was removed), so that when searching for the Tatar language under its name Tatar, I didn't get to the disambiguation page until I went back to the redirect, then to its discussion page which took me to the Tatar (disambiguation) discussion page which then took me to the Tatar (disambiguation) page, and then to Tatar language. I am sure that that was not your intent. While I see your point about 92%+ of references being to Tartars rather than to Tatar, I have found that creation of pages entitled "XXX (disambiguation)" rather than letting the main title act as the disambiguation center can cause this type of problem. I have seen editors place the disambiguation reference at the end of rather large articles in the "see also" which really doesn't work for the 8% user. I am glad to know about the WikiProject Disambiguation. Bejnar 20:03, 15 July 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject Disambiguation Talk Request
This is a form message being sent to all WikiProject Disambiguation participants. I may have found your page based on your contributions or your link repair user box on your user page. If you are not a member, please consider including your name on the project page. I recently left a proposed banner idea on the WikiProject Disambiguation talk page and I would appreciate any input you could provide. Before it can be approved or denied, I would prefer a lot of feedback from multiple participants in the project. So if you have the time please join in the discussion to help improve the WikiProject. Keep up the good work in link repair and thanks for your time. Nehrams2020 22:52, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject Go
The WikiProject Go has been running a few days. We have been discussing diagrams, amongst other issues. Charles Matthews 16:24, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

Bounty offer
Hello. I saw your offer here for country FA articles. I helped rewrite Turkey along with some other editors, and it just made FA as of yesterday. So what do you think? :) Cheers! Baristarim 09:36, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I only just noticed that you matched my bounty. Nice one! Soo 09:46, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * By the way, I'm thinking of waiting til a 'matching donations' day on the Fundraising Drive. If we both do this then we'll raise $100 for Wikimedia! Soo 10:21, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Is there going to be another matching donation day before the end of the drive? If so I will wait if not I can do it whenever. Do you know if Wikipedia gets a special deal from Paypal or if Paypal still takes a nice sized cut of thigns? Dalf | Talk 20:02, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I don't know if there are any more matching days, there doesn't seem to be any information available. If worst comes to worst, we can just donate on the last day. Soo 10:04, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

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SuggestBot picks articles in a number of ways based on other articles you've edited, including straight text similarity, following wikilinks, and matching your editing patterns against those of other Wikipedians. It tries to recommend only articles that other Wikipedians have marked as needing work. Your contributions make Wikipedia better -- thanks for helping.

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Cameroon FAC
Hey, Dalf. I was hoping you might revisit Cameroon and see if you still think there are prose issues with the ariticle that might prevent you from supporting its FAC nomination. I've done another copy edit, and Picaroon's made some changes. What do you think? Thanks, — Brian ( talk ) 02:00, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

Energy is the new Core Topics Collaboration
I note that there has been some editorial disagreement on that page recently, so please be polite and work via consensus. Thanks! Walkerma 04:38, 22 April 2007 (UTC)

Spoo
Hello. I hope you don't mind this intrusion as you do not appear to be too active right now, but you had previously "voted" keep on Featured article review/Spoo, but your comment was stricken by someone else because it was before the FARC period (where the article is now), and it looks like your comment will not be used in considering the article's fate unless its made as part of the FARC (I don't get it either). Anyway, if its not too much trouble, it could use your vote. No matter what, many thanks. --Jeffrey O. Gustafson - Shazaam! - <*> 17:53, 12 August 2007 (UTC)

Dalf (Scott Laws) passed away 14 September 2007
Scott Laws (Dalf) passed away on the 14th of September 2007 due to him rapidly deteriorating from his terminal colon cancer.

Please take a moment to remember him.

You can find news articles about him here in this article from the Columbia Missourian or in this article

Scott. We miss you. Rest in Peace.

Melody Bliss —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.142.90.2 (talk) 00:44, 19 September 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm really sorry to hear that. Surprised to see you on here too, Mel. Wish it had been under better circumstances - A l is o n  ❤ 08:52, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

 * RIP, fellow Wikipedian. If it's any consolation, your edits will live on, and future generations will benefit from your efforts here. -- Shark face  217  02:11, 19 January 2008 (UTC)
 * To any relatives or loved ones reading this, my condolences. Ta bu shi da yu (not signed in) 124.183.160.137 (talk) 02:39, 21 January 2008 (UTC)

Anyone working on the Solar System featured topic
Please come settle the current debate raging over there. Thank you.  Serendi pod ous  11:05, 6 February 2008 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Template:Henry Ford family tree
A tag has been placed on Template:Henry Ford family tree requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

If the template is intended to be substituted, please feel free to remove the speedy deletion tag and please consider putting a note on the template's page indicating that it is substituted so as to avoid any future mistakes.

Thanks. --MZMcBride (talk) 06:37, 9 February 2008 (UTC)

Duplicate Image:Weiqi-Bcb.PNG
Hello, this is a message from an automated bot. A tag has been placed on Image:Weiqi-Bcb.PNG, by another Wikipedia user, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. The tag claims that it should be speedily deleted because Image:Weiqi-Bcb.PNG is a duplicate of an already existing article, category or image. To contest the tagging and request that administrators wait before possibly deleting Image:Weiqi-Bcb.PNG, please affix the template to the page, and put a note on its talk page. If the article has already been deleted, see the advice and instructions at WP:WMD. Feel free to contact the bot operator if you have any questions about this or any problems with this bot, bearing in mind that '''this bot is only informing you of the nomination for speedy deletion; it does not perform any nominations or deletions itself. To see the user who deleted the page, click here''' CSDWarnBot (talk) 01:40, 10 October 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject Romania
--Codrin.B (talk) 05:58, 21 January 2012 (UTC)

Disambiguation link fixing one-day contest
I have decided to put on a mini-contest within the November 2013 monthly disambiguation contest, on Saturday, November 23 (UTC). I will personally give a $20 Amazon.com gift card to the disambiguator who fixes the most links on that server-day (see the project page for details on scoring points). Since we are not geared up to do an automated count for that day, at 00:00, 23 November 2013 (UTC) (which is 7:00 PM on November 22, EST), I'll take a screenshot of the project page leaderboard. I will presume that anyone who is not already listed on the leaderboard has precisely nine edits. At 01:00, 24 November 2013 (UTC) (8:00 PM on November 23, EST), I'll take a screenshot of the leaderboard at that time (the extra hour is to give the board time to update), and I will determine from that who our winner is. I will credit links fixed by turning a WP:DABCONCEPT page into an article, but you'll have to let me know me that you did so. Here's to a fun contest. Note that according to the Daily Disambig, we currently have under 256,000 disambiguation links to be fixed. If everyone in the disambiguation link fixers category were to fix 500 links, we would have them all done - so aim high! Cheers! bd2412 T 02:17, 18 November 2013 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dalf


text:
Talk:Head injury

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Brittconigs.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 23:10, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

Grade 3 concussion?
What's a grade 3 concussion? (It is used in the article Donald Brashear which links to concussion which redirects here. Is this terminology common enough that it should be explained in the article? RJFJR 05:14, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)

Concussions
If this where "concussion" links, probably it should have some information about concussions. 72.1.206.21 14:01, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Cleanup
I have tagged this article for cleanup because it continually confuses head injury (which may or may not involve brain injury) with brain injury. I think the brain injury-specific parts should be moved to the traumatic brain injury page and links left on this page. The article is also disorganized and contains scraps of information belonging in an array of other pages. Plus there are no references, even for the numerical figures.--Delldot 16:20, 21 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I've done some work on the article since posting this and removed the tag, though if you think it still needs work you might put the tag back on. Delldot 03:28, 10 November 2005 (UTC)

fix to concussion recommendations
There was a typo in the concussion recommendations; the recommendation for second time type II was repeated twice. I fixed this to show recommendations for type III and did some research to get data for the recommendation. Such recommendations seem to be "all over the map," however.

Vandalism
This article has been the subject of some major vandalism, and it seems that people were reverting back to bad versions. (What the hell does "sitting on a cough" mean?). The main vandal has been blocked, and I've reverted to a pre-madness version. It's possible that a genuine edit or two has been lost so this is a headsup for those of you who frequent this page to trawl through the edit history. Cheers. --kingboyk 02:26, 7 March 2006 (UTC)

TBI
I'm concerned that there's some redundancy between this article and Traumatic brain injury. I'm not sure a merge would be a good idea, since they're not exactly the same thing (head injury can include injuries that aren't to the brain, like scalp injuries). However, it does seem like a bit of a problem to have two separate articles with so much duplicate info. I'd suggest paring head injury down and linking to TBI for brain-related cases, but people are going to keep adding stuff to head injury since it's the more common phrase. Any suggestions? delldot | talk 22:59, 19 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I've added a hidden message at the top of the article in the edit window per this concern. Let me know if there's a problem with this.  delldot | talk 17:28, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Here in North American from an ER point of view we divide this condition into minor head injury and moderate / severe head injury. This is done based on the patients GCS.  This distinction then determines the future management approach.  This article does not currently reflect this distinction. Also peads and adult head injuries are often viewed separately.

 * Some discussion of the CT head rules would also be useful.

Doc James (talk) 13:57, 6 December 2008 (UTC)

NICE
In the UK the management of head injury is determined to a large extent by NICE guidelines. JFW | T@lk  19:51, 29 November 2007 (UTC)

Head vs brain injury
Everyone who has suffered a head injury has suffered a potential traumatic brain injury. One then goes about ruling a significant brain injury either in or out based on ones exam and the appropriate use of imaging / observation.

This page still need a fair bit of work to reflect this.--Doc James (talk) 14:18, 6 December 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Head injury


text:
Grandfather's Clock

Grandfather's Clock is an easy patience or solitaire card game using a deck of 52 playing cards. Its foundation is akin to Clock Patience; but while winning the latter depends entirely on the luck of the draw, Grandfather's Clock has a strategic side, with the chances of winning being around 3 out of 4 games, especially if careful consideration is given to which cards would be released in instances where you have a choice of plays between identical cards.

Rules
Before the game begins, the following cards are taken out of the deck:, , , , , , , , , , ,. They are then arranged in a circular fashion like a clock face with the on the "five o' clock" position,  on the "six o' clock" position, and so on. These cards will be the foundations. The remaining cards are then shuffled and dealt into eight columns of five cards each on the tableau.

The object of the game is to distribute the cards to the foundations to the point that the top cards of the foundations show the correct numbers on the clock face. Queens are assigned a value of twelve, and Jacks a value of eleven.

Each foundation should be built up by suit until the card with the correct corresponding number on the clock face is placed. The cards on the tableau are built down regardless of suit. Only the top cards of each column are available for play. Only one card can be moved at a time and any space that occurs may be filled with any available card.

The game ends either with all cards are put into the foundations with the clock face showing the correct numbers, or when no cards in the tableau can be moved.

Variations
Big Ben (sometimes called Clock) is a closely related game with similar game-play, but played with two decks.

title: Grandfather's Clock


text:
User:Dalf

''Dalf (real name Scott Laws) died on September 14, 2007. See Deceased Wikipedians for further information. His user page is preserved here.''

---

Hello all,

I have been active on and off since April 2005, though I created my account a long time before that. Right now I tend to go in bursts of activity for a week or so then not so much.

Stuff

 * If anyone knows how to deal with things that should be moved to Wiktionary you should drop me a line. There are a few articles that I think belong in Wiktionary:
 * Periodic which currently redirects to Period, a disambiguation page who's only reference to periodic is a link to wikitionary.
 * I took a break away from wikipedia for a while due to frustration with a small number of editors on an even smaller number of articles. But, I am feeling much better now.

Links

 * Template:TestTemplates

Almost random

 * I suspect that you could find a lot of articles in need of help in the manner of cleanup after a NPOV / POV war simply by looking for articles that contain the heading Controversy. Am I the only one that thinks that is a really crap heading for an encyclopedia article?  Someone should start a project that finds all the articles with such headings and changes them to something more descriptive and also repairs all the rest of the damage done in those articles by editors who think such a heading is good. *grin*
 * List of strange units of measurement makes me smile.
 * I think that as wikipedia gets mroe and more well known and bigger it will be in the news more and more often. Content contraversies will make it in the news more and more and if we include a section in every article that makes it into the news about the article and the contient contraversy making it in the news we will significantly dammage the porfessionalism of those articles.  Personally I think we shoudl create somethign like, Wikipedia content controversies in the news and include a See also link to that article on all pages that have a section there.  Dalf | Talk 09:43, 29 January 2006 (UTC)

Some pictures I took on my recent trip to Romania and uploaded to commons
I am not so sure about the translation of the article title Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brancusi from Târgu Jiu. I think perhaps it should be Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brancusi in Târgu Jiu. Romanian din seems to mean "from in" more than "from" to me though I suppose I could be wrong. It is also likley that the name of the town coudl be left off and simply move the article to Sculptural Ensemble of Constantin Brancusi.

Copyrights
I agree to multi-license all my contributions, with the exception of my user pages, as described below:

title: User:Dalf


text:
Alexandre Herchcovitch

Alexandre Herchcovitch (, born 21 July 1971) is a Brazilian fashion designer. His designs have been at fashion shows in New York, Paris, London and São Paulo Fashion Weeks. Best known for avant-garde designs and eclectic prints, his trademark skulls became an icon of Brazilian youth in the 1990s.

Early life
Herchcovitch was born in São Paulo, Brazil. He is of Jewish descent; his grandparents immigrated to Brazil from Poland and Romania. He had his first contact with fashion through his mother, Regina, at the age of 10, when she gave him basic lessons of modelling and sewing at Herchcovitch's request. Regina started to wear the clothes he made in parties, which led him to sell his collections to friends. In his teens, Herchcovitch used to go to the alternative clubs of São Paulo nightlife, but at the same time he studied at a Religious Zionist Orthodox Jewish school, a conflict that had a strong influence over his work afterwards.

Products
Selected products of his are sold in the United States, Canada, England, France, Spain and Australia. His first store in Tokyo has recently opened. Herchcovitch chose Tokyo because that is where a good part of his collections are purchased and where he has become somewhat of a fashion guru. The 1076 sqft store, which sits in the hip Daikanyama district, carries his men's, women's and denim collections and is operated in partnership with Japanese fashion distributor and retailer H.P. France.

Honors
In 2014, Herchcovitch became the first Brazilian fashion designer to receive the Ordem do Mérito Cultural.

title: Alexandre Herchcovitch


text:
Sallisaw Creek

Sallisaw Creek is a 46.7 mi tributary of the Arkansas River in far eastern Oklahoma. Its source is between Taylor and Doublehead mountains just south of Stilwell in Adair County. It flows in a southwestern direction through southern Adair County and central Sequoyah County before it empties into Robert S. Kerr Lake on the Arkansas River. The creek has four large tributaries. Greasy Creek meets Sallisaw Creek in southern Adair County, while Dry Creek and Brushy Creek join Sallisaw Creek near Marble City in northern Sequoyah County, and Little Sallisaw Creek flows into Robert S. Kerr Lake as it meets Sallisaw Creek.

title: Sallisaw Creek


text:
Beijing Shougang (disambiguation)

Beijing Shougang may refer to:
 * Shougang Group, a Chinese conglomerate based in Beijing
 * Beijing Shougang Co., Ltd., listed arm of the group
 * The Beijing Ducks basketball team of the Chinese Basketball Association
 * The Beijing Great Wall basketball team of the Women's Chinese Basketball Association
 * Beijing Kuanli FC, during the time that the group sponsored the team and the team used the company name "Beijing Shougang" as part of its team name

title: Beijing Shougang (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Iraq War

Casualty Table
Per the above section, it sounds like it may be useful to migrate some of the infobox fields into the article body. The existing section solely examines Iraqi casualties. Therefore, I propose the addition of a subsection entitled Casualty Overview and, in it, three tables of the form: There would be one table each for Coalition, Iraqi, and civilian casualties. This would allow us to make a single, high-level figure for the "Casulaties" section of the infobox, provide more detail in a piped link, and also direct the reader toward the article on casualties if desired. We'll also need to revamp the citations currently used in infobox; currently it's a lot of tabulation of values with bare URLs, which I think we can do better on. Thoughts? EducatedRedneck (talk) 15:30, 23 October 2023 (UTC)

 * Looks to be a good place to start. Cinderella157 (talk) 08:52, 25 October 2023 (UTC)

Alright, since I got that encouragement and no objections, here's a first stab at the Coalition Casualties Table:

Something I didn't know how to categorize was this category in the coalition forces part:

Some problems with this table: As mentioned above, the sources are a mess. I suggest we put in the casualties section each of those year-by-year figures, summing to a total, and put each year's reference there. Then the table can make do without a reference, as it's only summarizing the article body.

I also note that some of the "sources" are, aside from being bare URLS, just links to Google Docs. We'll have to look more closely and purge the ones which aren't reliable.

Thoughts? EducatedRedneck (talk) 00:30, 26 October 2023 (UTC)

 * Thanks for this. Two thoughts: (1) I'd be hesitant about taking too much out of the infobox; we should probably end up with more than "a single, high-level figure for the "Casualties" section of the infobox" (depending on exactly what you mean by that). (2) This work ought to take account of Casualties of the Iraq War and vice versa. Furius (talk) 11:36, 26 October 2023 (UTC)

 * Thank you for the feedback! In order, (1) That's valid. I was thinking the casualties in the infobox would have something like, "Coalition-allied: X killed, Y Wounded", "Iraqui-allied: M killed, N wounded", and "See " in a similar grouping to the current infobox. Is that still stripping out too much detail? (2) I agree emphatically. When I get more time, I might see about gathering some legitimate sources from that article to replace some of this mess. EducatedRedneck (talk) 14:59, 26 October 2023 (UTC)
 * It looks like (2) will probably be a two-way process, so I applaud you for the undertaking! On (1) I agree that killed and wounded is enough. I think it would be important to keep the Iraqi security forces and Awakening separate, but that coalition and contractors can probably be merged, and that we should probably retain "detainees" on the insurgents' side. "Documented deaths from violence" can probably be reduced to a single range. "Statistical estimates" is tricky; getting rid of them entirely seems wrong, but the range of different estimates is so huge (151,000-1,033,000) and that range represents some very different methodologies. Furius (talk) 18:43, 26 October 2023 (UTC)
 * I took a look at the Casualties of the Iraq War article, and oh boy. It also has some majorly messed up citations. I think you're right that it's going to be a two-way street. Given the subject matter of that article, I'm thinking I should start refining that one first, have the more detailed discussions there, and once we have some presentable sections, copy (with attribution) them over to this article. @Furius, would you be willing to take a look from time to time? I'm still pretty new at this, so I'd appreciate an experienced editor's eyes on it to help me avoid mistakes.EducatedRedneck (talk) 14:10, 28 October 2023 (UTC)
 * Yes, these kinds of specific current event articles are often this. I'm absolutely happy to act as a sounding board as you improve the article (it's actually quite important that articles like this be reliable), but note that I'm in no way a subject expert, so it might also be worth dropping a line to the relevant wikiproject from time to time. Furius (talk) 16:17, 28 October 2023 (UTC)
 * (what you say about your planned approach is very sensible, imo) Furius (talk) 16:18, 28 October 2023 (UTC)

My question is this: If the United States wanted to show Saddam Hussein we were not playing games, isn't it sufficient that we went to war with him in the Gulf War "Operation Desert Shield August 1990-January 1991" and "Operation Desert Storm January 1991-April 1991"? There were also numerous airstrikes against Iraq from the time he threatened George Bush in January 1993 onward. The No-Fly Zone should have been enough to keep the Iraqi military in check, since Saddam was effectively unable to invade either Kuwait or Iran. The Coalition War against Iraq also never officially ended, since in the United States you are an Iraq War veteran if you served in the Gulf War, the No-Fly Zone conflict, or the Invasion of Iraq any time between August 1990 and the present. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 199.242.176.66 (talk) 16:59, 27 June 2024 (UTC)

What the hell is wrong with the infobox now?
Who thought it was a good idea to oversimplify the infobox and remove most of the insurgent groups that were involved in the fighting? Somebody needs to reverse these changes. 78.170.229.162 (talk) 16:48, 1 December 2023 (UTC)
 * Why? Slatersteven (talk) 16:49, 1 December 2023 (UTC)

Something wrong with CS1
Again, fixing a dash on an eISSN parameter in a citation causes an error message. Achmad Rachmani (talk) 11:46, 12 December 2023 (UTC)

"Second Persian Gulf War"
Greetings, @Swatjester. To avoid confusion, we should stick to the more widely recognized name, "Iraq War". In case you were unaware, the Iran–Iraq War was known as the First Gulf War, while the Gulf War of 1990–1991 was in fact also known as the Second Gulf War. If we were to follow this naming convention, the Iraq War should be called the "Third Gulf War", but that term isn't widely used. This inconsistency is the issue at hand. Omitting this WP:FRINGE name entirely might be the best solution to address this problem. Skitash (talk) 10:55, 12 July 2024 (UTC)
 * I disagree, I think it is more widely known as the Iraq war. Slatersteven (talk) 11:00, 12 July 2024 (UTC)
 * I strongly disagree with that. The WP:FRINGE claim here is in fact that the Iran-Iraq War is widely known as the First Gulf War, which is really isn't. That claim is completely unsourced in the Iran-Iraq War article, and sourced only to a single Iraqi journal article in the Gulf War article. It's not widely used otherwise, and I've never seen it used outside of Iraqi or Iranian sources. In contrast, the phrase "Second Gulf War" *is* widely used worldwide to refer to the Iraq War. So if the purpose is to avoid inconsistency, the actual change should be removing the fringe naming from the Iran-Iraq War article, not this one.   ⇒   SWAT Jester   Shoot Blues, Tell VileRat! 14:04, 12 July 2024 (UTC)
 * If there's not going to be any further discussion, I'll be re-introducing the "Second (Persian) Gulf War" alternative name here -- the Gulf War article already attributes the various alternative names adequately enough so I'll see if there's any language that can be cribbed from there to improve the presentation of naming history here. ⇒   SWAT Jester   Shoot Blues, Tell VileRat! 22:22, 13 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Iraq War


text:
Zhejiang Wanma

Zhejiang Wanma Co., Ltd. is a Chinese manufacturer of electricity transmission line. Wanma became a listed company since 2009. Zhejiang Wanma was a constituent of SZSE 100 Index, but was removed in January 2017. , it was a constituent of SZSE 200 Index (mid cap index). The firm manufactured electricity transmission line and distribution network. In 2017,it formed a joint venture in rental business of electricity-powered logistics vehicles. Zhang Desheng—via his non wholly owned investment vehicle Zhejiang Wanma Group—owned 35.4123% shares. He also owned 1.1276% directly; his daughter, 0.9166%. Wanma Technology (szse: 300698) started its own initial public offering in 2017. Immediately after the IPO, Zhang Desheng, owned 30.750% shares directly, as the largest shareholder of that company. Wanma Group was a sponsor of a Zhejiang basketball team.

title: Zhejiang Wanma


text:
Hushai

Hushai (hus'-sha-i) or Chusai (Hebrew: חוּשַׁי or חוּשַׁי הָאֲרְכִּי ' Hushai the Archite') was a friend of David and a spy according to the Hebrew Bible. During Absalom's rebellion, as described in the Second Book of Samuel, he agrees to act as an advisor to Absalom to sabotage his plans while secretly sending information to David. It was on his advice that Absalom did not immediately pursue the retreating David, thus giving David time to regroup and gather his forces. Hushai's advice helped to ensure Absalom's rapid defeat.

Life
Hushai was an Archite, that is, a native of Archi, a place south of the portion of Ephraim, near Bethel Joshua 16:2. He is called in 1 Chronicles 27:33 "the king's friend". This title is similar to that of counselor given to Ahitophel, or that of leader of the army to Joab: there is a similar use of the term in 1 Kings 4:5. In the Books of the Maccabees it is an official title given by the Seleucids to persons of confidence who have important military or civil functions (1 Maccabees 2:18; 3:38; 6:10, 14, 28; 7:6-8; etc.). It is likely then, that Hushai's title of "friend" of King David does not imply the intimate relations suggested by the term.

Nevertheless, the account that is given of him during Absalom's rebellion (2 Samuel 15 - 17) shows that in his case the title was not merely official. After David has heard of the treason of Absalom and that his former counselor Ahitophel was with Absalom, he organizes an evacuation of Jerusalem. On his way up the Mount of Olives he is met by Hushai, whose garments are rent and whose head is covered with dust. He is probably an old man, for David tells him he would be a burden in the flight. But the king does honour to Hushai's cleverness by sending him to Jerusalem, to "defeat the counsel of Ahitophel". Hushai persuades Absalom to take him into his confidence, and, in the council held shortly afterwards in regard to the measures to be taken against David, he overrules Ahitophel and obtains a delay which secures the safety of the king. He is able likewise to convey information to David through Zadok, Abiathar, and their sons: Ahimaaz, Zadok's son and Jonathan, Abiathar's son (2 Samuel 15:36).

title: Hushai


text:
User:King of Hearts (old account 2)/Did you know

Did you know...

 * that Methionylthreonylthreonyl...isoleucine is the longest technical term, with 189,819 letters?


text:
WTX (form factor)

WTX (for Workstation Technology Extended) was a motherboard form factor specification introduced by Intel at the IDF in September 1998, for its use at high-end, multiprocessor, multiple-hard-disk servers and workstations. The specification had support from major OEMs (Compaq, Dell, Fujitsu, Gateway, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Intergraph, NEC, Siemens Nixdorf, and UMAX) and motherboard manufacturers (Acer, Asus, Supermicro and Tyan) and was updated (1.1) in February 1999. , the specification has been discontinued and the URL www.wtx.org no longer hosts a website and has not been owned by Intel since at least 2004.

This form factor was geared specifically towards the needs of high-end systems, and included specifications for a WTX power supply unit (PSU) using two WTX-specific 24-pin and 22-pin Molex connectors.

The WTX specification was created to standardize a new motherboard and chassis form factor, fix the relative processor location, and allow for high volume airflow through a portion of the chassis where the processors are positioned. This allowed for standard form factor motherboards and chassis to be used to integrate processors with more demanding thermal management requirements.

Bigger than ATX, maximum WTX motherboard size was 14 xx. This was intended to provide more room in order to accommodate higher numbers of integrated components.

WTX computer cases were backwards compatible with ATX motherboards (but not vice versa), and sometimes came equipped with ATX power supplies.

title: WTX (form factor)


text:
Talk:Dimitra Liani

Untitled
I removed the sentence Her journalistic skills received even less acclaim than her literary abilities. as possibly POV (it was last sentence following note that she had interviewed Qaddafi). If this is fact rather than opinion we can restore it, or we can reword it in a less subjective manner.

NPOV and relevance
I removed much of this article as it was relevant to her husband and not her and was highly subjective. A page on a first lady isn't a mirror of her husbands if this were so it would only warrant a section within the Premiers. Also it shouldn't be a soapbox for those who believe her husband to be innocent of allegations or the greatest leader Greece has ever had Cesar.vialpando 09:18, 6 April 2006 (UTC)

By the way, Mitsotakis's government was elected with a substantial majority of 500.000 votes (that is, half a million votes) rather than "a slim majority of one vote", as the ridiculous PASOK cadre found fit to enter in the previous version of the article. Weqqweewwwq24232343 17:54, 20 March 2007 (UTC)

Question
Are the wives of prime ministers also called first ladies? --Anshelm '77 21:48, 22 October 2006 (UTC)

Also, she seems to have been born on 29 April, 1955 in Florina --Anshelm '77 21:52, 22 October 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dimitra Liani


text:
Alien Hunter

Alien Hunter is a 2003 American-Bulgarian science-fiction-thriller film directed by Ronald Krauss and starring James Spader, Carl Lewis and Leslie Stefanson.

Plot
In 1947 New Mexico, a radio operator receives a bizarre signal, coming from Roswell, New Mexico. He decides to investigate the signal's origin and goes out to follow it, never to be seen again.

Present day and the same signal is received from the South Pole and then retransmitted from the Falkland Islands to the United States. A satellite image captures an unknown object sitting on the Antarctic snow. Cryptologist Julian Rome (James Spader), a teacher at the University of California, Berkeley, is invited to investigate the mystery. He is sent to an Antarctic research base, which includes a huge greenhouse of genetically modified plants being studied by the scientists. They find what appears to be an alien vehicle frozen in a huge block of ice. The unknown object is shaped like a shell or pod and is emitting the mysterious encrypted signal. Once it is freed of the ice, Julian discovers that it has a powerful static electric charge on its surface and painfully shocks anyone who touches it.

Julian tries to decrypt the signal (which soon proves to be: "Do not open!"), while another team works to open the alien shell. They succeed in cutting off the lid, which allows a viscous alien liquid to pour out. An alien also escapes and at the same time an airborne virus sealed in the shell kills four members of the scientific team by melting them from within. The virus also kills all the plants, making them wilt and turn brown. The virus has an unusually high speed of transmission and extreme virulence. It kills anyone within a few minutes of exposure.

The government is aware of the alien virus and the global risk that it poses. They ask a Russian nuclear submarine to fire a nuclear missile at the base before the threat can spread. As the submarine nears its firing position, Julian manages to communicate with the alien, before it is unfortunately killed by one of the survivors. Julian realizes that if any of the survivors leave the base alive, the lethal alien virus will cause a pandemic destroying all life on earth. Just a few seconds before the missile hits, he and three others, Shelly, Kate, and Dr. Gierach, are rescued from the base by an alien spacecraft (which had homed in on the same signal Julian was studying).

In the aftermath, the government mounts a cover-up campaign by claiming that an experimental nuclear reactor at the base went into melt-down, destroying all of the facilities and killing everyone. The film ends with the alien spacecraft, still carrying the human survivors, leaving the solar system.

Cast

 * James Spader as Julian Rome
 * Janine Eser as Dr. Kate Brecher
 * John Lynch as Dr. Michael Straub
 * Nikolay Binev as Dr. Alexi Gierach
 * Leslie Stefanson as Nyla Olson
 * Aimee Graham as Shelly Klein
 * Stuart Charno as Abell
 * Carl Lewis as Grisham
 * Svetla Vasileva as Dacia Petrov
 * Anthony Crivello as Pilot
 * Kaloian Vodenicharov as Co-Pilot
 * George Stanchev as Airman
 * Rufus Dorsey as Navigator
 * Roy Dotrice as Dr. John Bachman
 * Woody Schultz as Sam
 * Ron Krauss as First Man
 * William Ladd Skinner as Second Man
 * Franklin A. Vallente as Third Man
 * Hristo Aleksandrov as Fourth Man
 * Ross W. Clarkson as Falkland Man # 1
 * Willie Botha as Falkland Man # 2
 * Tyrone Pinkham as Kitt Peak Man #1
 * Atanas Srebrev as Kitt Peak Man #2
 * Joel Polis as Copeland
 * Keir Dullea as Secretary Bayer
 * Bert Emmett as Gordon Osler
 * Marianne Stanicheva as Reporter
 * Dobrin Dosev as Captain Sokolov
 * Atanas Atanasov as Executive Officer Volkov
 * Hristo Shopov as Navigator Petrenko
 * Harry Anichkin as Army General
 * Velimir Velev as Alien

title: Alien Hunter