text:
Azon

AZON (or Azon), from "azimuth only", was one of the world's first guided weapons, deployed by the Allies and contemporary with the German Fritz X.

Officially designated VB-1 ("Vertical Bomb 1"), it was invented by Major Henry J. Rand and Thomas J. O'Donnell during the latter stages of World War II as the answer to the difficult problem of destroying the narrow wooden bridges that supported much of the Burma Railway.

AZON was essentially a 1,000 lb general-purpose AN-M65 bomb with a quadrilateral 4-fin style radio controlled tail fin design as part of a "tail package" to give the desired guidance capability, allowing adjustment of the vertical trajectory in the yaw axis, giving the Azon unit a lateral steering capability (meaning it could only steer left and right, and could not alter its pitch or rate of fall). This lack of any pitch control meant that the bombardier still had to accurately release it with a bombsight to ensure it could not fall short of or beyond the target. The "tail package" bolted onto the standard bomb warhead, in place of the usual sheet-metal fixed fins; this concept was an early iteration of a now common method of making modern guided bombs (such as the JDAM, the Paveway family, the KAB-500L, etc.): making the guidance and control units as separate pieces that attach to the tail and/or nose of a standard "iron bomb", making it into a guided weapon. There were gyroscopes mounted in the bomb's added tail package that made it an Azon unit, to autonomously stabilize it in the roll axis via operating a pair of ailerons, and a radio control system to operate the proportional-control rudders, to directly control the bomb's direction of lateral aim, with the antennas for the tail-mounted receiver unit built into the diagonal support struts of the tail surface assembly. The bomb's receiver and control system were powered by a battery which had around three minutes of battery life. The entire setup in the added "tail package" was sufficient to guide the weapon from a 5,000 ft drop height to the target. Situated on the tail of the bomb was a 600,000-candela flare which also left behind a noticeable smoke trail, to enable the bombardier to observe and control it from the control aircraft. When used in combat, it was dropped from a modified Consolidated B-24 Liberator, with earlier development test drops of the Azon in the United States sometimes using the B-17 Flying Fortress as the platform. Some ten crews, of the 458th Bombardment Group, based at RAF Horsham St Faith, were trained to drop the device for use in the European theater.

The ability to only control the path of the bomb in the azimuth direction, made AZON bombs most suitable for long and narrow targets, such as bridges or railways. A disadvantage of using an AZON bomb was that after a bomb was dropped the bomber could not break way immediately because the bombardier had to keep the bomb in view so he could guide it. The bombardier used a BC-1156 joystick control to adjust the course left or right. The directional commands were sent to the guidance package via a special-purpose radio system.

The 493rd Bomb Squadron also dropped Azon bombs in Burma in early 1945 from similarly modified B-24s, based at Pandaveswar Airfield, India, with considerable success, fulfilling the designers' original purpose for the ordnance.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Azon


text:
Colwood, British Columbia

Colwood is a city located on Vancouver Island to the southwest of Victoria, capital of British Columbia, Canada. Colwood was incorporated in 1985 and has a population of approximately 19,000 people. Colwood lies within the boundaries of the Greater Victoria area or Capital Regional District, in a region called the Western Communities, or the West Shore. It is one of the 13 component municipalities of Greater Victoria.

Set along more than 5 km of oceanfront, this fast-growing seaside community is home to abundant forests, parks and trails as well as several historic sites including Fort Rodd Hill, Fisgard Lighthouse and Hatley Castle. One of Colwood's best known landmarks is Hatley Castle, now home to Royal Roads University. It is a Scottish Baronial mansion and grounds originally built as a residence for James Dunsmuir, Premier and later Lieutenant Governor of British Columbia. Colwood almost became the seat of the Crown of the Commonwealth realm in 1940, when, after the start of World War II, the government planned to relocate King George VI, Queen Elizabeth, and their children, Princesses Elizabeth and Margaret, to the castle for protection. But they decided to stay in London and Windsor, near the European front. The government transferred the estate to the Canadian Armed Forces. It adapted the site for use as Royal Roads Military College, a naval training facility from 1941-mid-1990s. The military college was closed in the 1990s, and the estate is now the campus of the public Royal Roads University, which opened in 1995. The original residence is surrounded by extensive formal gardens, including a featured Japanese garden.

The Fisgard Lighthouse in Colwood is one of Canada's National Historic Sites. There hasn't been a keeper here since the light was automated in 1929, but every year many thousands of visitors step inside a real 19th century light and capture some of the feeling of ships wrecked and lives saved. Built by the British in 1860, when Vancouver Island was not yet part of Canada, Fisgard's red brick house and white tower has stood faithfully at the entrance to Esquimalt Harbour. Once a beacon for the British Royal Navy's Pacific Squadron, today Fisgard still marks home base for the Maritime Forces Pacific of the Royal Canadian Navy.

Colwood is also home to historic Fort Rodd Hill, another Canadian National Historic Site. Built by the British in the 1890s, this coast artillery fort was designed to defend Victoria and the Esquimalt Naval Base. Visitors come to explore the three gun batteries, underground magazines, command posts, guardhouses, barracks and searchlight emplacements that are the vestiges of a bygone era. Set on a wide open waterfront park near the Fisgard Lighthouse, visitors can see the sea and mountain views, go for bird watches and investigate the tide pools along the shoreline.

The city has many regional amenities, including the City's waterfront at Esquimalt Lagoon which includes a National Migratory Bird Sanctuary, the Juan de Fuca Recreation Centre, The Q Centre, Royal Colwood Golf Club, Olympic View Golf Club and the library facilities for the Western Communities. As it lies geographically to the south of Victoria, Colwood is western Canada's southernmost city.

Neighbourhoods of Colwood

 * Belmont Park
 * Colwood Corners
 * Esquimalt Lagoon
 * Hatley Park
 * Wishart
 * Royal Roads
 * Triangle Mountain
 * Royal Bay
 * Latoria Walk

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Colwood had a population of 18,961 living in 7,428 of its 7,688 total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of 16,859. With a land area of 17.66 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

The median household income in 2015 for Colwood was $85,688, which is above the British Columbia provincial average of $69,995.

Religion
According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Colwood included:
 * Irreligion (11,685 persons or 62.2%)
 * Christianity (6,410 persons or 34.1%)
 * Islam (145 persons or 0.8%)
 * Buddhism (115 persons or 0.6%)
 * Judaism (90 persons or 0.5%)
 * Hinduism (80 persons or 0.4%)
 * Sikhism (40 persons or 0.2%)
 * Other (220 persons or 1.2%)

Education
Colwood is a part of the School District 62 Sooke. There are six elementary schools: John Stubbs (in Belmont Park), Colwood, Hans Helgesen, David Cameron, Sangster, and Wishart. There is one middle school: Dunsmuir. There is also an alternative school program called Pacific Secondary School (formerly WON western opportunity network). A new high school, Royal Bay Secondary School, opened in 2015.

Colwood is also home to Royal Roads University.

History
Esquimalt Lagoon is a beach and wildlife preserve with a view of Hatley Castle, Royal Roads University in the background. A small plaque on a concrete cairn in the shore of the Esquimalt Lagoon outlines its history. "Royal Roads - To seaward lies an anchorage or roadstead first used in 1790 by the Spanish and named in 1846 for its location between Albert Head and Victoria. Unloading place for large vessels serving Victoria in days of sail, it was once a scene of disaster. On April 1, 1883 a southeasterly gale swept the haven, beaching the ships Southern Chief, Gettysburg, Connaught and Tiger. Province of British Columbia. Erected by the Themopylac Club 1973."

Colwood was originally one of four large farms established by the Hudson's Bay Company in the 1850s to supply the steadily increasing population of Fort Victoria.

In 1851 The Puget Sound Agricultural Company, a subsidiary of the Hudson's Bay Company, appointed Capt. Edward E. Langford 'bailiff' of the 600 acre Esquimalt Farm lying between Esquimalt Harbour and the present Langford Lake. The farmhouse was called 'Colwood' after his home in Sussex, England. The first stone dairy on the island was built on this farm as was a lime kiln, homestead and barn. Kanakas (Hawaiian Islanders) were employed as shepherds for the herd of Southdown sheep. Mrs. Langford gave birth to the first white male child born in the colony. Capt. Langford's sister opened a School for Young Ladies at 'Colwood' Farm.

In 1860 Fisgard Lighthouse was constructed at the mouth of Esquimalt Harbour. It was 47 ft high, and visible for 10 nautical miles. In 1950 it was connected by a causeway to the shore at the base of Fort Rodd Hill.

1863	A sawmill was opened on Colwood Creek above the Indian burial site on Esquimalt Lagoon, on what is now Royal Roads University land. John Gilmore owned the sawmill.

1874	The original Colwood school was built on Sooke Road on land donated by Arthur Peatt, a local farmer. The building was later transferred across the road and became the home of the Ross family.

1892	 William John Wale leased the old 600-acre Colwood Farm for the sum of $400 per year.

1895 Fort Rodd Hill installation was armed. The Fort guarded the entrance to the Royal Navy yards at Esquimalt. The original Colwood Hotel was burned down and a two-story framed, square-shaped building was rebuilt by the proprietor, Mr Campbell. He later enlarged the building and sold it to Mrs Miller, who became the owner of the Goldstream Inn.

1910	Colwood Women's Institute formed.

title: Colwood, British Columbia


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Lists of political office-holders in Vojvodina

These are lists of political office-holders in Vojvodina. The lists also include local rulers of Banat, Bačka and Srem, including parts of mentioned regions, which are not part of present-day Vojvodina, as well as other rulers of larger political units that had specific local ties to territory of present-day Vojvodina.

Roman emperors

 * Maximinus, Roman emperor (235–238), ruled from residence in Sirmium
 * Decius Traian, Roman emperor (249–251), born in village Budalia near Sirmium
 * Ingenuus, Roman emperor (260), proclaimed himself emperor in Sirmium
 * Regalianus, Roman emperor (260), proclaimed himself emperor in Sirmium
 * Claudius II, Roman emperor (268–270), spent most of his life in Sirmium
 * Aurelian, Roman emperor (270–275), born in Sirmium
 * Probus, Roman emperor (276–282), born in Sirmium
 * Maximianus Herculius, Roman emperor (285–310), born near Sirmium
 * Galerius, Roman emperor (305–311), ruled as Caesar during the Tetrarchy from residence in Sirmium (293–296)
 * Crispus, a Caesar of the Roman Empire. He was proclaimed Caesar in Sirmium in 317
 * Constantine II, a Caesar of the Roman Empire. He was proclaimed Caesar in Sirmium in 317
 * Vetranion, Roman emperor. Proclaimed himself emperor in Sirmium (in 350)
 * Constantius II, Roman emperor (337–361), born in Sirmium
 * Gratian, Roman emperor (367–383), born in Sirmium
 * Theodosius I the Great, Roman emperor (378–395). He became emperor in Sirmium

Roman prefects

 * Valerius Licinius, prefect of the Diocese of Pannonia with residence in Sirmium (308–314)
 * Apricanus, prefect of the Pannonia Secunda province with residence in Sirmium (355)
 * Aurelius Victor, prefect of the Pannonia Secunda province (in the time of the emperor Julijan)
 * Messala, prefect of the Pannonia Secunda province (373)
 * Petronius Probus, prefect in Sirmium (374)
 * Leontius, prefect of the Prefecture of Illyricum with residence in Sirmium (426)
 * Apraemis, prefect of the Prefecture of Illyricum with residence in Sirmium (before 441)

Other

 * Illyrian rulers
 * Baton, one of three leaders of Illyrian uprising against Romans in Pannonia and Dalmatia in 6 AD.
 * Pinnes, one of three leaders of Illyrian uprising against Romans in Pannonia and Dalmatia in 6 AD.
 * Iazyge rulers
 * Bakadaspes, ruler of Iazyges (before 180).
 * Zanticus, king of Iazyges (2nd century).
 * Beuca or Beukan, king of Iazyges (470/472).
 * Babay or Babai, king of Iazyges (470/472).
 * Hun rulers
 * Uldin, khan of the Western Huns, ruler of Banat (390–411).
 * Charaton
 * Octar and Rua
 * Rua alone.
 * Bleda and Attila
 * Attila alone.
 * Ellak
 * Gepid rulers
 * Ardaric king of Gepidia (Banat, Eastern Sirmia, Western Oltenia).
 * Giesmus
 * Thraustila, king of the Gepids with residence in Sirmium (473).
 * Trasseric
 * Gunderith (together with Trasseric)
 * Mundus and Elemund
 * Elemund alone
 * Thurisind
 * Cunimund, king of the Gepids with residence in Sirmium.
 * Longobard ruler (Gausian)
 * Alboin

Middle Ages

 * Avar administration
 * Kuber, ruler of Syrmia (7th century)
 * Buta-ul, Avar noble, ruler of Banat and Bačka (796)
 * Bulgarian dukes
 * Salan, Bulgarian duke, ruler of Bačka (9th century)
 * Glad, Bulgarian duke, ruler of Banat (9th century)
 * Ahtum, Bulgarian duke, ruler of Banat (11th century)
 * Sermon, Bulgarian duke, ruler of Syrmia (11th century)
 * Byzantine local rulers
 * Constantine Diogenes, archon of Sirmium (1018–1028)
 * Local rulers during administration of the Kingdom of Hungary
 * Giletus, duke of Syrmia (1231)
 * Stefan Lazarević, Serbian despot (1402–1427)
 * Đurađ Branković, Serbian despot (1427–1456)
 * Vuk Grgurević, Serbian despot (1471–1485)
 * Lovro Iločki, duke of Syrmia (1477–1524)
 * Đorđe Branković, Serbian despot (1486–1496)
 * Jovan Branković, Serbian despot (1496–1502)
 * Ivaniš Berislav, Serbian despot (1504–1514)
 * Stefan Berislav, Serbian despot (1520–1535)
 * Radič Božić, Serbian despot (1527–1528)
 * Pavle Bakić, Serbian despot (1537)
 * Stefan Štiljanović, Serbian despot (1537–1540)
 * Rulers of Syrmia
 * Stefan Dragutin, king of Lower Syrmia (1282–1316)
 * Stefan Vladislav II, king of Lower Syrmia (1316–1325)
 * Ugrin Čak, ruler of Upper Syrmia (before 1311)
 * Serb rulers
 * Jovan Nenad, self-proclaimed Serbian emperor (1526–1527)
 * Radoslav Čelnik, duke of Syrmia (1527–1530)

Ottoman Empire

 * Eyalet of Temeşvar
 * Kazim-bey or Gazi Kasim-pasha, beylerbey of the Eyalet of Temeşvar (1552–1554)
 * Hasan-pasha, beylerbey of the Eyalet of Temeşvar (1594)
 * Sofi Sinan-pasha, beylerbey of the Eyalet of Temeşvar (1594)
 * Hasan-pasha (the younger), beylerbey of the Eyalet of Temeşvar (1594)
 * Ibrahim-pasha, beylerbey of the Eyalet of Temeşvar (1687)
 * Ibrahim-pasha, beylerbey of the Eyalet of Temeşvar (1701-)
 * Sanjak of Segedin
 * Hasan Predojević, bey of the Sanjak of Segedin (1592)
 * Banat uprising
 * Teodor Nestorović, leader of the Banat uprising (1594)
 * Sava ban, leader of the Banat uprising (1594)
 * Velja Mironić, leader of the Banat uprising (1594)

Habsburg Monarchy

 * Appointed leader of Habsburg Serbs
 * Jovan Monasterlija, vice-duke of Serbs (1691–1706)
 * Banat of Temeswar
 * Claudius Mercy, governor of the Banat of Temeswar
 * Franz Leopold Engelshofen, governor of the Banat of Temeswar
 * Tican's Rebellion
 * Teodor Avramović Tican, leader of the rebellion (1807)
 * Serbian Vojvodina
 * Stevan Šupljikac, Voivod (Duke) of Serbian Vojvodina (1848)
 * Josif Rajačić, administrator of Serbian Vojvodina (1848–1849)
 * Great Voivodes of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar
 * Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and Great Voivod (Great Duke) of Voivodship of Serbia (1849–1916)
 * Karl I, Emperor of Austria and Great Voivod (Great Duke) of Voivodship of Serbia (1916–1918)
 * Governors of the Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar
 * Ferdinand Mayerhofer, governor (1849–1851)
 * Johann Coronini-Cronberg, governor (1851–1859)
 * Josip Šokčević, governor (1859–1860)
 * Karl August von Bigot de Saint-Quentin, governor (1860)

After 1918

 * Banat Republic
 * Dr. Otto Roth, Commissioner-in-Chief of the Banat Republic (1918–1919)
 * Banat, Bačka and Baranja
 * Dr. Jovan Lalošević, president of the People's administration for Banat, Bačka and Baranja (1918–1919)
 * Slavko Miletić, President of the Great People's Council (1918–1919)
 * Bans of Danube Banovina (1929–1941):
 * Daka Popović (1929–1930)
 * Radoslav Dunjić (1930)
 * Svetomir Matić (1930–1931)
 * Milan Nikolić (1931–1933)
 * Dobrica Matković (1933–1935)
 * Milojko Vasović (1935)
 * Svetislav Paunović (1935–1936)
 * Svetislav Rajić (1936–1939)
 * Jovan Radivojević (1939–1940)
 * Branko Kijurina (1940–1941)
 * Milorad Vlaškalin (1941)
 * Civilian Commissioner of Banat:
 * Joseph-Sepp Lapp (1941–1944).
 * Presidents of the Presidency of Vojvodina (1974–1991):

 * Radovan Vlajković (1974–1981).
 * Predrag Vladisavljević (1981–1982).
 * Danilo Kekić (1982–1983).
 * Đorđe Radosavljević (1983–1984).
 * Nandor Major (1984–1985).
 * Predrag Vladisavljević (1985–1986).
 * Đorđe Radosavljević (1986–1988).
 * Nandor Major (1988–1989).
 * Jugoslav Kostić (1989–1991).
 * Presidents of the Government of Vojvodina:
 * Aleksandar Šević (1945–1948).
 * Luka Mrkšić (1948–1953).
 * Stevan Doronjski (1953).
 * Geza Tikvicki (1953–1962).
 * Đurica Jojkić (1962–1963).
 * Ilija Rajačić (1963–1967).
 * Stipan Marušić (1967–1971).
 * Franjo Nađ (1971–1974).
 * Nikola Kmezić (1974–1982).
 * Živan Marelj (1982–1986).
 * Jon Srbovan (1986–1989).
 * Sredoje Erdeljan (1989).
 * Jovan Radić (1989–1991).
 * Radoman Božović (1991).
 * Jovan Radić (1991–1992).
 * Koviljko Lovre (1992–1993).
 * Boško Perošević (1993–2000).
 * Damnjan Radenković (2000).
 * Đorđe Đukić (2000–2004).
 * Bojan Pajtić (since 2004).
 * Presidents of the Assembly of Vojvodina:
 * Aleksandar Šević (1945–1946).
 * Mateja Matejić, Ivan Melvinger, Đorđe Marinković (1946–1947).
 * Jovan Doroški, Đurica Jojkić, Isa Jovanović (1947–1948).
 * Đurica Jojkić (1948–1950).
 * Petar Milovanović (1950–1951).
 * Danilo Kekić (1951–1953).
 * Luka Mrkšić, Stevan Doronjski (1953–1958).
 * Stevan Doronjski (1958–1963).
 * Radovan Vlajković (1963–1967).
 * Ilija Rajačić (1967–1973).
 * Sreta Kovačević (1973).
 * Vilmoš Molnar (1974–1982).
 * Đorđe Stojšić (1982–1983).
 * Ištvan Rajcan (1983–1984).
 * Dobrivoj Radić (1984–1985).
 * Rudi Sova (1985–1986).
 * Dobrivoj Radić (1986–1988).
 * Živan Marelj (1988–1989).
 * Janoš Šreder (1989).
 * Branko Kljajić, Verona Ádám Bokros (1989–1991).
 * Damnjan Radenković (1991–1992).
 * Svetislav Krstić (1992–1993).
 * Milutin Stojković (1993–1997).
 * Živorad Smiljanić (1997–2000).
 * Nenad Čanak (2000–2004).
 * Bojan Kostreš (2004–2008).
 * Sándor Egeresi (2008–2012).
 * István Pásztor (2012–2023).

Literature

 * Petar Milošević, Arheologija i istorija Sirmijuma, Novi Sad, 2001.
 * Aleksa Ivić, Istorija Srba u Vojvodini, Novi Sad, 1929.
 * Dušan J. Popović, Srbi u Vojvodini, knjige 1–3, Novi Sad, 1990.
 * Milan Tutorov, Mala Raška a u Banatu, Zrenjanin, 1991.
 * Drago Njegovan, Prisajedinjenje Vojvodine Srbiji, Novi Sad, 2004.
 * Drago Njegovan, Prisajedinjenje Vojvodine Srbiji, Novi Sad, 2004.


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Guyana Action Party

The Guyana Action Party (GAP) is a left-wing political party in Guyana representing the indigenous Amerindian population.

History
The GAP was established in January 1989 as Guyanese Action for Reform and Democracy (GUARD). It contested national elections for the first time in 2001, when it formed an alliance with the Working People's Alliance; the alliance received 2.4% of the popular vote, winning 2 of the 65 seats in the National Assembly.

The party allied with Rise Organise and Rebuild Guyana for the 2006 elections, with the combined list winning a single seat. In 2011 the party joined the A Partnership for National Unity alliance in the build-up to the elections that year.

title: Guyana Action Party


text: User talk:68.236.202.36

title: User talk:68.236.202.36


text:
Guyana Democratic Party

The Guyana Democratic Party was a political party in Guyana.

History
The party was established by Asgar Ally in 1996. In the general elections the following year it received 0.6% of the vote and failed to win a seat. In 2000 it merged into the National Front Alliance but later withdrew. In the 2001 elections its share of the vote fell to 0.3% and it remained without parliamentary representation.

title: Guyana Democratic Party


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National Front Alliance

The National Front Alliance is a political party in Guyana.

History
The party was formed on 1 December 2000 as a merger of the Guyana Democratic Party, the National Democratic Movement, the National Republican Party and the People United Party, although the GDP and PUP later withdrew. It first contested national elections in 2001, when it received just 417 votes and failed to win a seat. For the 2006 elections it was part of the People's National Congress–Reform coalition.

Prior to the 2011 elections it joined the A Partnership for National Unity alliance, which won 26 seats. The alliance formed a joint list with the Alliance for Change for the 2015 elections, which it went on to win. NFA leader Keith Scott became a minister in the new cabinet.

title: National Front Alliance


text:
User:Lagavulin

Favorite drink

Am looking through political figures' articles, many are excellent but some are scandalous. I think the prize has to go to the Ariel Sharon article which among other things calls him the Butcher of Beirut. Lagavulin 23:55, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Lagavulin


text:
People's National Congress Reform

The People's National Congress Reform (PNCR) is a social-democratic and democratic socialist political party in Guyana led by Aubrey Norton. The party currently holds 31 of the 65 seats in the National Assembly. In Guyana's ethnically divided political landscape, the PNCR is a multi-ethnic organization.

It is the main component of the A Partnership for National Unity (APNU) coalition with the Alliance for Change (AFC).

History
The PNC was formed in 1957 by the faction of the People's Progressive Party (PPP) led by Forbes Burnham that had lost the general elections earlier in the year. In 1959 it absorbed the United Democratic Party. The PNC won 11 seats in the 1961 elections, which saw the PPP win a majority. In the 1964 elections the PNC won 22 of the 53 seats and despite receiving fewer votes than the PPP, it was able to form the government in coalition with the United Force, with Burnham becoming Prime Minister. During the 1960s, the PNC was allied with Eusi Kwayana's Black Nationalist African Society for Cultural Relations with Independent Africa (ASCRIA), until the organization broke with the PNC in 1971 on government corruption issues, and reinvented itself as a multi-ethnic pro-democracy movement to later become the Working People's Alliance.

The PNC remained in power following suspected fraudulent elections in 1968, 1973 and 1980. Desmond Hoyte became PNC leader and President following Burnham's death in 1985. The party won another fraudulent election in 1985, but allowed free and fair elections to be held in 1992, in which they were defeated by the PPP/C. The PNC lost elections in 1997 and in 2001 as the PNC/R. Following Hoyte's death in 2002 he was succeeded as party leader by Robert Corbin. The party went on to contest and lose the 2006 election as part of the PNCR-One Guyana (PNCR-1G) coalition. Prior to the 2011 election it formed the A Partnership for National Unity APNU) alliance with several smaller parties. Although the opposition APNU and AFC won more seats than the PPP/C, the leader of the largest party automatically became President, meaning PPP/C leader Donald Ramotar.

The APNU formed a joint list with the AFC for the 2015 elections, known as the APNU+AFC, in which they defeated the PPP/C, winning 33 of the 65 seats. PNCR leader David A. Granger subsequently became President. In March 2020, President David A. Granger narrowly lost the snap elections, following Granger's government loss of a vote of no confidence back in 2018. Granger refused to accept the results, but eventually five months later, Irfaan Ali of the People's Progressive Party/Civic was sworn in as the new president because of allegations of fraud and irregularities.

Arms of the party
The Guyana Youth and Student Movement is the youth arm of the party.

The National Congress of Women is the women’s arm of the party.

Biennial Congress
The Biennial Congress (BC) is the sovereign body of the party, as it has been throughout the party’s history. Congress debates reports submitted by the Central Executive Committee and resolutions on contemporary issues.

General Council
The General Council (GC) undertakes strategic oversight of the policy development between Congresses. This is chaired by the party chairman and is made up of member of the CEC, MPs, NCW, GYSM and Officers of regional party groups. The General Council meets each quarter.

Central Executive Committee
The People’s National Congress Reform’s Central Executive Committee (CEC) is the governing body of the Party. The Party Leader, Chairman, Vice Chairman and fifteen (15) members of the Executive Committee are elected at the Biennial Congress. The General Secretary is appointed by the Leader, from among the fifteen elected members. Ten members are co-opted to the Central Executive by the Leader and other elected members. In addition each of the Party’s 10 Regions elects a representative to the Central Executive Committee, and the Chairpersons of the Youth and Women arms of their representatives are also Central Executive Committee Members.

Regional Party Organisation
Party Committees are elected annually at the following levels.

 * 1) Regional
 * 2) Sub Regional
 * 3) District
 * 4) Neighbourhood
 * 5) Group

The basic unit of the party is the group, which consists of no less than twelve (12) members. The voice of the party membership on party policies is heard through their interaction at all of these levels, through the year and also at the Annual Conferences.

New Nation
The New Nation is a weekly newspaper reflecting the views of the party, which is widely circulated locally and overseas.

title: People's National Congress Reform


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Talk:Beverly Sills

Seventh octave wonder?
Can she sing a C7? I don't really doubt it, just shocked. Antares33712 02:37, 18 May 2006 (UTC)

Any mention of the Family Guy episode with her? 68.45.4.118 01:31, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

Illness
Is she really dead? FoxNews isn't mentioning it on their site, nor is CNN, AP, or NY Times? 65.83.231.100 23:20, 28 June 2007 (UTC)

She was gravely ill with lung cancer. It is starting to go on the wires now that she died on 2 July. Capitalistroadster 01:51, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

Voice
It would be nice to see a bit more discussion about her voice, as well as the other aspects of her professional career; teachers, influences, etc. Anchoress 07:14, 2 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Dear Anchoress: I wholeheartedly agree. Please feel free researach and add these important details. There are ample sources, including the ones cited in the article. Finell (Talk) 03:14, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Classification
This article has been classed as a B class article. It could do with better sourcing from the references. It could also do with an expansion on her training and voice as Anchoress noted. I have rated her importance as mid consistent with the previous Wikiproject bio assessment.Capitalistroadster 01:51, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

Smoking
It is incorrect that Miss Sills "never smoked." In 1981, Harvey E. Phillips, in the Epilogue (page 239) to Bubbles: An Encore (Grosset & Dunlap), wrote that "Today, Sills confesses, she is lightly addicted to mentholated cigarettes. 'When the going gets rough I close the door, make myself a cup of espresso and light up a cigarette.  That's a new luxury for me.'"  Ephraem 02:38, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Sorry my bad. I thought I read somewhere she was one of the nonsmokers who developed lung cancer, like Dana Reeve, et al. Thanks for the correction. Quis separabit?  23:24, 23 February 2013 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Sills three queens.jpg
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title: Talk:Beverly Sills


text:
Rise Organise and Rebuild Guyana

Rise Organise and Rebuild Guyana (ROAR) was an Indo-Guyanese political party in Guyana led by Ravi Dev.

History
ROAR was established as a political party in 1999, and was the first party in the country to describe itself as being ethnically-based. In the 2001 general elections it received 0.9% of the vote, winning a single seat, taken by Dev. For the 2006 elections it formed an alliance with the Guyana Action Party, which received 1.2% of the vote and won one seat.

Prior to the 2011 elections many of its members joined the Alliance for Change.

title: Rise Organise and Rebuild Guyana


text:
Working People's Alliance

The Working People's Alliance is a democratic socialist political party in Guyana. It was a consultative member of Socialist International until 2005.

History
The WPA was established in 1974, as an alliance of the Working People's Vanguard Party, the African Society for Cultural Relations with Independent Africa (ASCRIA), the Indian Political Revolutionary Associates and Ratoon, and became a political party in 1979. It did not run in the 1980 elections, but put forward candidates for the 1985 elections. Although it pulled out of the elections on election day, it still received 1.4% of the vote and won a single seat. In the 1992 elections it increased its share of the vote to 2.0% and retained its seat in the National Assembly. For the 1997 elections it formed an alliance with the Guyana Labour Party named the Alliance for Guyana. Although the alliance's share of the vote dropped to 1.2%, it won one seat.

In the 2001 elections the WPA allied with the Guyana Action Party, receiving 2.4% of the vote and two seats. The party did not contest the 2006 elections, although one of its members ran as part of the Alliance for Change. In the 2011 elections it was part of the Partnership for National Unity alliance, which won 26 seats. Prior to the 2015 elections the APNU formed a joint electoral list with the Alliance for Change. The combined list won 33 seats, allowing APNU leader David A. Granger to become President.

title: Working People's Alliance


text:
The United Force

United Force (UF) is a conservative and economically liberal political party in Guyana. It currently has no representation in the National Assembly and is led by Marissa Nadir.

History
Established on 5 October 1960 by Peter D'Aguiar, and was initially backed by Indian leaders of the Manpower Citizens' Association (MPCA) and some Portuguese businessmen. It drew support from the Portuguese community, but also sought to establish a support based amongst the Amerindian population, convincing Amerindian MP Stephen Campbell to join the party. The party first contested national elections in 1961, when it received 16.4% of the vote, winning four seats, of which two were taken by Amerindians (Campbell and Teddy Melville). However, the following years saw increasing tensions between the MPCA and the ruling People's Progressive Party, together with the Guyana Agricultural and General Workers' Union (GAWU).

Prior to the 1964 British Guiana general election, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) would fund and provide propaganda to UF. A strike by the GAWU in 1964 led to a period of violence known as "The Disturbances" between February and July, including bombings, arson and murder. The violence led to some of the Portuguese community leaving the country, reducing UF's vote share in the December 1964 elections to 12.4%, although it increased its representation to seven seats, and become the junior partner in a coalition government with the People's National Congress (PNC). However, the coalition broke down in 1968, by which time several UF prominent members had defected to the PNC.

In the 1968 elections the UF's share of the vote fell to 7.4% and it was reduced to four seats. The following year, an internal conflict in the party led to the expulsion of several members in the Rupununi district, including Melville. In the aftermath, d'Aguiar resigned as party leader and was replaced by Marcellus Fielden Singh. The party's support based amongst the Amerindian population was further weakened by the PNC government starting an education, integration and land transfer scheme, and by appointing Philip Duncan, an Amerindian, as a government minister.

The party did not contest any elections during the 1970s, but returned in 1980, receiving 2.9% of the vote and winning two seats. It retained the two seats in the 1985 elections, before being reduced to a single seat in 1992. Singh was replaced as leader by Manzoor Nadir in 1993. It retained its single seat in elections in 1997, 2001 and 2006, but lost it in the 2011 elections when its vote share fell to 0.3%. It received the same share of the vote in 2015, again failing to win a seat.

Nadir left UF to join the PPP, and Valerie Garrido-Lowe became leader of UF, but upon aligning herself with the AFC, was ejected from the party.

In 2020, UF announced they would not contest in the 2020 General and Regional Elections.

The current party leader is Marissa Nadir, daughter of former leader Manzoor Nadir.

title: The United Force


text: Category:1199 BC deaths

title: Category:1199 BC deaths


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nina Vetrova/Robinson

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 23:34, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Nina Vetrova/Robinson
Article shows no indication of notability. No hits on Google. Probable vanity. --Lee Hunter 19:46, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Notability not established. -- Brhaspati\talk/contribs 00:06, 2005 Apr 13 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User:SFO

Hello fellow Wikipedians
I'm SFO, currently studying History at Downing College at the University of Cambridge

I started using Wikipedia many moons ago and have found it extremely useful for all manner of things, especially my dreaded history essays. I hope to be adding to Wikipeadias history collection and some other areas of interest.

If you want to leave me a message, please leave one at my talk page

Feel free to visit my website, about history of course ... History Source

Work I've undertaken:

Pages created:
 * Assize of Northampton

Pages edited:
 * Henry II of England

title: User:SFO


text:
Balwearie High School

Balwearie High School is a non-denominational comprehensive secondary school at the west end of Kirkcaldy in Scotland. Balwearie serves around 1600 pupils aged from 11 to 18 and includes a Department of Additional Support (DAS for short) for children with Additional Support Needs.

History and facilities
The school was initially a junior secondary school in 1964, before becoming a comprehensive school in 1972. It was designed by architect Gavin Haveron McConnell and, in 2014, received Listed status (Category B) from Historic Environment Scotland for being among the very best examples of school building of the post-war building period in Scotland, closely following Modernist design principles and marking a clear break from the more formal designs of the inter-war period and 1950s. It originally comprised two blocks, named C Block and T Block. The J block was added a few years later, housing a library and maths, geography, science, technical, and computing classrooms. This and the C Block is conjoined via a bridge corridor through the L (library) Block. There are also detached hut units housing a small number of classrooms. The school has two cafeterias – the L Block is used by first, second, and sixth year pupils; the C Block is used by third, fourth and fifth year pupils – as well as a breakfast club.

Sporting facilities include:
 * a wooden floored gymnasium with gymnastic equipment
 * a gym with weight training facilities
 * a swimming pool
 * an indoor games area
 * Two dance studios
 * Classroom for P.E
 * outdoor tennis courts
 * football/rugby pitch
 * 400m running track
 * 1 Blaes hockey pitch
 * 1 astroturf pitch

There is also an auditorium with a stage area, with a full set of lighting and sound equipment. This was designed and created by the Art & Design Department & Farmer Facilities.

Outside school hours, the school functions as a community centre.

In January 1997, a radiator fault caused a fire in the school's music department, which is situated at the top floor of the C block. The fire began in the early hours of the morning following the school's 'Burns Night' celebrations. It was extinguished rapidly by the local fire brigade. The music department suffered the most through fire and water damages; however, each level beneath the third floor suffered fire damage as well. The school was closed for several days with students being allowed back in stages, with the senior students, who were in the final preparations for May exams, returning first.

There was a second fire on 29 June 2009 in the Games Hall and community use cafe shortly before 5pm; the damaged building was deemed safe, and the awards ceremony due that evening went ahead as planned. Pupils attended school the following day as usual.

Current houses
The houses at Balwearie are named after various farms located on the outskirts of Kirkcaldy.

Catchment area
The school's catchment area covers much of the south and west of Kirkcaldy, as well as Kinghorn, Burntisland and Auchtertool. Balwearie's associated primary schools are Auchtertool, Burntisland, Dunnikier, Kinghorn, Strathallan and Kirkcaldy West.

Curriculum
A high staying on rate is reflected in large numbers gaining employment, training or Further or Higher Education.

The school originally won a Charter Mark Award for excellence in public service in 2001, this has now been renewed. The school also has the Schools Curriculum Award.

Balwearie is known for having a large sciences department as well as a STEM programme started by former rector Dr James More which involves 6th year sciences students visiting catchment primary schools to encourage future Balwearie pupils to take an interest in science.

Recently pupils in an Alternative Curriculum Group won a Fife Excellence Award and the magazine club won the Scotsman/Royal Bank of Scotland 'Design a Newspaper'. More recently, a Young Enterprise company in the school scooped two of the three trophies.

The school is also part of the Erasmus Programme, going on over the two sessions of 2015/16 and 2016/17.

School Board and Parent Council
Balwearie is supported by a School Board and a Parent Council – the Balwearie High School Association. The Balwearie High School Association provides volunteers for many of the school's social events, including the biennial School Musical.

Notable former pupils

 * Sam Brodie, musician
 * Colin Cameron, footballer
 * Stephen Dick, hockey player who represented Great Britain in the Beijing Olympics
 * Murray Douglas, professional rugby player, Brumbies
 * Sharon Small, actress
 * Lewis Stevenson, footballer
 * David Torrance, Scottish National Party MSP

Motto
The school's motto is "To Strive, to Seek", taken from the final line of Tennyson's Ulysses. The line ends "...to find, and not to yield."

HMIe inspection
In February 2008 the school underwent an inspection by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Education (HMIE).

In October/November 2017, a team of inspectors from Education Scotland visited Balwearie High School.

title: Balwearie High School


text:
Ninne Pelladata (1996 film)

Ninne Pelladata is a 1996 Indian Telugu-language romantic family drama film, produced by Nagarjuna under the Annapurna Studios banner and directed by Krishna Vamsi. It stars Nagarjuna and Tabu, and music composed by Sandeep Chowta. The film was remade in Kannada as Preethsod Thappa. The film has received the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Telugu for that year. This film recorded as Industry Hit at box office. It is the highest grossing Telugu film of the year 1996.

Plot
Ninne Pelladata is family romance based movie in which Mahalakshmi comes to Hyderabad for flight training and falls in love with Seenu. The duo decide to inform their respective parents of their plan to get married. Seenu's family welcomes Mahalakshmi, and approves of her. It is revealed during the film that Seenu's father is the brother of Mahalakshmi's mother who had married Mahalakshmi's father against the wishes of her brothers due to which there's an enemity between the 2 families. Just shortly after their approval, Mahalakshmi's parents interrupt the proceedings and forcibly take Mahalaxmi with them, to get her married to someone else. Finally, both Seenu and Mahalakshmi fights against both the families making them understand their mistake. Later, Seenu and Mahalakshmi gets married where both the families get united.

Soundtrack
The music was composed by Sandeep Chowta. Music released on T-Series Audio Company.

 * Unnaiye Kalyaanam Pannikkiren (Tamil Version)

Production
Krishna Vamsi went to Vishakapatnam to scout locations for a Nagarjuna film that would go on to become Samudram. After he got comparisons with Ram Gopal Varma's Gulabi (1995), Vamsi ditched the script and rewrote it so that it was sans violence. He took the Hindi films Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! (1994) and Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge (1995) for inspiration and changed the script to suit the Telugu audience. Vamsi narrated the script to Nagarjuna on the sets of Ramudochadu (1996). Nagarjuna accepted the film after the three minute narration.

Meena was initially offered the role of Tabu, but she was unable to adjust the dates, the crew searched for other options and finalized Tabu.

Box office

 * The film had a successful 100-day run in 39 centres.
 * The film had a 175-day run in 4 centres.
 * Its dubbed version in Tamil, Unnaiye Kalyanam Pannikiren was also a super hit.
 * Its Remake version in Kannada, Preethsod Thappa starring V. Ravichandran and Shilpa Shetty was also a super hit.
 * Its collected total 16.3 cr shares in total run and went onto become an industry hit.

title: Ninne Pelladata (1996 film)


text:
6V6

6V6 - 6 L6 Tube pin-out diagram.JPG basing diagram.'''

1 - * Unconnected in all versions except for the shell connection of the metal 6V6

2 & 7 - Filament / Heater

3 - Anode / Plate

4 - Grid 2 / Screen Grid

5 - Grid 1 / Control Grid

6 - No connection. Pin normally absent

8 - Cathode & Beam-Forming Plates]]

The 6V6 is a beam-power tetrode vacuum tube. The first of this family of tubes to be introduced was the 6V6G by Ken-Rad Tube & Lamp Corporation in late 1936, with the availability by December of both Ken-Rad and Raytheon 6V6G tubes announced. It is still in use in audio applications, especially electric guitar amplifiers.

Following the introduction in July 1936 of the 6L6, the potential of the scaled down version that became the 6V6 was soon realized. The lower-powered 6V6 was better suited for average home use, and became common in the audio output stages of "farmhouse" table-top radios, where power pentodes such as the 6F6 had previously been used. The 6V6 required less heater power and produced less distortion than the 6F6, while yielding higher output in both single-ended and push-pull configurations.

Although the 6V6 was originally designed especially for use in automobile radios, the clip-in Loctal base 7C5, from early 1939, or the lower heater current 12V6GT, both with the identical characteristics to the 6V6, but with the smaller T-9 glass envelope, soon became the tubes of choice for many automotive radios manufacturers. Additionally, the 6V6 had applications in portable battery-operated radios.

The data sheet information supplied by the tube manufacturers' design centers list the typical operation of an audio output stage for a single 6V6 as producing about 5 W of continuous power, and a push-pull pair about 14 W. Amplifier manufacturers soon realized that the tube was capable of being used at ratings above the recommended maximums, and guitar amplifiers with 400 V on the plates of a pair of 6V6GTA claim to produce an output power of 20 W RMS at 5%THD with 40 W Peak Music Power, and with 490 V on the plates, as much as 30 W RMS.

History
Following the 6V6G, RMA Release #96 – 09 Nov. 1936, sponsored by Ken-Rad Tube & Lamp Corporation, with the ST 14 shouldered glass envelope, the 6V6 was announced with a metal mantel in January 1937 by Hygrade Sylvania Corporation. The RMA Release #125 – 03 Jan.1938, Sponsored by RCA. for the 6V6 tube has led to some confusion as to the origins of the 6V6. The 6V6G but not the 6V6 is in the RCA manual RC-13 from July 1937, but the 6V6 is to be found in the 1937 tube manuals of other manufacturers, such as Raytheon.

Tube manufacturers were keen to promote the superiority of the metal tube construction that was introduced on April 1, 1935. Large quantities of the 6V6 tube were produced in the following decade, many as military supply JAN tubes. The price of the metal and glass versions were held to closely the same retail price level for the first few years of their production. The introduction of the 6V6GT, RMA Release #201 – 10 July 1939, was sponsored by Hytron Corporation. By 1940, the 6V6G production was largely superseded by this smaller "GT" T-9 glass envelope. On April 17, 1942, the War Production Board ordered radio tube manufacturers to discontinue within seven days the production for civilian use of 349 of the 710 types of radio tubes on the market, amongst these were the 6V6G and 6V6GX. By 1943, the price of the metal version was almost twice that of the GT version, and this proportional difference in price seems to have remained constant, right through to the end of the 1970s. The 6V6GTA – RMA Release #1681 – 2 July 1956, sponsored by Hygrade Sylvania Corporation, has a controlled warm-up period.

The various different NOS (new old stock) tubes of the 6V6 family, depending on manufacturer, model, series, strength and condition, will vary enormously in scarcity and therefore usually in price. The metal NOS 6V6 tube, once costing almost twice the price of its now highly valued glass enveloped counterparts, is now considered to be fairly common, and is usually the cheapest NOS tube available, with many current production tubes costing more than its 60 to 80 year older classic predecessor. In the final years of U.S. production, several of the major manufacturers switched to using the so-called "coin" based GT bulb.

Current use
Now, over eighty-six years after its introduction, and still retaining its original characteristics, the 6V6 has one of the longest active lifetimes of any electronic component, having never been out of production in all this long period of time. Although historically widely used in all manner of electronic goods, many of which are still in service, it is in guitar amplifiers where its use has become archetypal. Not only are there very many existing amplifiers in regular use that rely on the 6V6, with contemporary reproductions of the more iconic models still being made, modern designers are still keen to develop new creations that rely on its use. Generally speaking, 6V6 tubes are sturdy and can be operated beyond their published specifications (the Soviet made 6P6S, and early Chinese 6V6 versions were not as permissive of exceeding design limits, although current production has improved). Because of this, the 6V6 soon proved itself to be suitable for use in consumer-market musical instrument amplifiers, particularly combo-style guitar amps such as the Gibson GA-40, and the Fender Amplifiers; Champ, Princeton, and Deluxe, some of which drive their 6V6s well in excess of the datasheet specified maximum rating. This ongoing demand encourages Chinese, Slovakian and Russian tube factories not only to keep the 6V6 in production to this day, but to further develop the supply.

The 6V6 Family and equivalents
6V6G – Glass "Shouldered Tube" ST envelope.

6V6GX – Glass "Shouldered Tube" ST envelope, Ceramic Base.

6V6 – Metal jacketed envelope. The metal envelope of 6V6 is connected to pin 1 of the base, and was normally used as a ground. Pin 1 of the other members of the 6V6 family of tubes are usually not internally connected, although some may have the gray RF shield connected.

6V6GT – smaller "Glass Tube" T-9 envelope.

6V6GTA – with a controlled warm-up period.

6V6GTY – a GT with a low loss micanol brown base.

6V6GTX = HY6V6GTX – a GT "Bantam" selected for high gain, with a ceramic base, 15W plate dissipation rating, produced for a limited period around 1941 by Hytron.

5871 – Ruggedized 6V6GT for operation under severe vibrations found in aircraft and similar applications. Radio Valve Co. of Canada Ltd., 1954 : RMA #859A.

5992 – Premium, ruggedized 6V6GT with heater current raised to 600mA. Bendix and GE known manufacturers.

7408 – 6V6GT with additional zero-bias characteristics.

6V6S – A modern production, large plated tube, heater current 500mA, with a higher plate and screen voltage rating. Made by JJ Electronic.

6V6GT(A)(B)-STR – Modern production valve, STR signifying "Special Test Requirement." Claiming to be heavy duty, suitable for high plate voltage.

Military specification 6V6 tubes and their equivalents

American military services contracted tubes from many sources through the U.S. War Department. They used a Joint Army-Navy Nomenclature System (AN System. JAN) Most of these tubes bear the JAN marking as well as a VT number (VT = vacuum tube). VT-107 – Metal 6V6.

6V6Y – Metal, with a low loss micanol brown base.

VT-107A – 6V6GT.

VT-107B – 6V6G.

British Ministry Of Supply valves for the Military & other governmental agencies have a CV number (CV = common valve). Old stores reference numbers with the prefix ZA are also sometimes used. Supplied by Mullard & Brimar.

CV509 = ZA5306 – 6V6G

CV510 – 6V6

CV511 – 6V6GT & 6V6GTY

The British GPO also used their own VT (Valve - Thermionic) numbering system

VT196 = CV509 = 6V6G – General Post Office (GPO)

Swedish Military supplier Bofors, had tubes made by Standard Radiofabrik (SRF) at the Ulvsunda plant in Stockholm.

5S2D - Premium, ruggedized 6V6GT with triple micas, low loss micanol brown base.

Other tubes cited as being equivalent

6P6S (6П6С in Cyrillic.) Also 6П2 - In the Soviet Union a version of the 6V6GT was produced since the late 1940s which appears to be a close copy of the 1940s Sylvania-issue 6V6GT – initially under its American designation (in both Latin and Cyrillic lettering), but later, the USSR adopted its own system of designations.

6P11S (6П11С in Cyrillic.) = 6П6С-Y2 - Military consignment, ruggedized 6P6S. OTK tested. Higher Voltage ratings.

1515 - Premium version of the 6P6S (6П6С).

6P6P - Chinese version of the 6V6GT made by Shuguang, but now obsolete, different from Shuguang's current production 6V6GT.

3106 – East German production 6V6GT from OSW (Oberspreewerk Berlin, later HF, then WF with 6П6С & 6V6 marking). Open, split-plate design.

6AY5 – East German production 6V6GT

VT227 = 7184 – Cited equivalent, made by Ken-Rad, inadequate documentation, no RMA registration.

WT-210-00-82 – Cited equivalent, inadequate documentation, no RMA registration.

WTT-123 – Cited equivalent, inadequate documentation, no RMA registration.

6V6HD – NOT a 6V6, but relabeled Sovtek 6L6GA / 6P3S.

Similar tubes
These tubes have very similar characteristics to the 6V6, but differ either in the heater rating, or use a different socket and pin-out

5V6GT – Same as the 6V6GT, but with different heater ratings - 4.7V, 0.6A, controlled 11 sec. warm-up time.

12V6GT – Same as the 6V6GT, but with different heater ratings - 12.6V, 0.225A, suitable for automotive receiver applications.

7C5 – Clip-in Loctal B8G base, T-9 Bulb. Raytheon – 1939 RMA #162. Other version of this tube are 7C5-TV, 2C48, 2C50, N148, CV885

7C5LT = CV886 – Same as the 7C5, except with a small wafer Octalox base 8-pin T-9 Bulb. RCA – 1940 RMA #234.

14C5 – Same as 7C5 but with 12.6V Heater.

6BW6 = CV2136 – British made miniature-tube 12W equivalent of the 6V6, 9-pin base B9A.

6061 – Premium, ruggedized 6BW6. Brimar STC London. 1951 : RMA #965

CV4043 – British made miniature-tube 13.5W equivalent of the 6BW6, 9-pin base B9A.

6AQ5 – slightly lower specifications to the 6V6GT, miniature glass envelope, 7-pin base B7G. Other equivalents of this tube are the CV1862, EL90, 6005, 6095, 6669, 6928, BPM 04, CK-6005, M8249, N727, 6L31

12AQ5 - Same as the 6AQ5, but with different heater ratings.

6P1P (6П1П in Cyrillic.) – 9-pin B9A Noval base Soviet version, not identical characteristics, but very close

6973 – US version, 9 pin Noval base tube, higher plate voltage ratings, intended for high fidelity output applications.

6CM6 – 9 pin Noval base tube, equivalent type primarily intended for vertical deflection amplifiers in television receivers.

12CM6 - Same as the 6CM6, but with different heater ratings.

12AB5 – 9 pin Noval base tube with 12V heater, suitable for automotive receiver applications. Equivalent to the 7061

The pentode EL84/6BQ5 - 9 pin Noval base tube, that although different enough from the 6V6 not to justify rating it as an equivalent, because of its popularity and ready availability, plus having a close enough similarity to make it possible, if bias is altered, adapters have been developed commercially to allow an amplifier designed for 6V6 use, to accept the noval based EL84 tube. Likewise, the inverse adapter is also available.

General references

 * Stokes, John. 70 Years of Radio Tubes and Valves. NY: Vestal Press, 1982.
 * Radio News magazine, March 1937, page 567, "The Radio Workshop."
 * Radio-Craft magazine, October 1937, page 204, "New Tubes for the Radio Experimenter."
 * RMA (Radio Manufacturers Association) "Electron Tube Registration List"
 * Fender Musical Instruments, Amplifier Owners Manual's, 1983.
 * Jim Kelley Amplifiers, Amplifier Owners Manual.
 * Guitar Player Magazine, June 1983.
 * O'Connor, Kevin. T.U.T. Vol.5. Powerpress Publishing, 2004.
 * Receiving Tube Manual, RC-20. RCA corporation. 1964.

title: 6V6


text:
Barry Spikings

Barry Spikings (born 23 November 1939) is a British film producer who worked in Hollywood. Spikings is best known as a producer of the film The Deer Hunter (1978), which won five Academy Awards.

Biography
Spikings was born in Boston, Lincolnshire. After leaving Boston Grammar School he joined the local newspaper, the Lincolnshire Standard, as a trainee reporter. Later he joined the Farmers' Weekly, where he won a Golden Ear award for a fifteen-minute film that he produced and directed himself.

Spikings then moved to the entertainment world. Initially, he promoted pop music festivals and later films.

British Lion and EMI
In 1972, he became the co-owner of British Lion Films; Spikings later joined EMI when it took over British Lion. For the film, The Deer Hunter (1978), Spikings won an Academy Award for Best Picture. The film also garnered awards for several of its actors.

Nelson Holdings
In 1985, Spikings formed a Canadian company, Nelson Holdings International, with British financier Richard Northcott, to purchase entertainment firms. Nelson later acquired the home video assets of Embassy Pictures from Coca-Cola and film production companies Galactic Films and the Spikings Corporation, and formed Nelson Entertainment. Nelson had the North American home video rights and all international rights to the output from the newly-formed Castle Rock Entertainment.

Spikings served as president of Nelson Entertainment through the early 1990s. Afterwards, he formed a production partnership with Eric Pleskow.

Filmography

 * 1975: Conduct Unbecoming (producer with Michael Deeley and Andrew Donally)
 * 1976: The Man Who Fell to Earth (producer with Michael Deeley)
 * 1978: Convoy (executive producer)
 * 1978: The Deer Hunter (producer with Michael Deeley, Michael Cimino, and John Peverall)
 * Academy Awards 1978: Best Picture, Supporting Actor (Christopher Walken), Director (Cimino), Film Editing, and Sound.
 * 1990: Texasville (producer with Peter Bogdanovich)
 * 1991: Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey (executive producer)
 * 1991: Picture This: The Times of Peter Bogdanovich in Archer City, Texas (producer)
 * 1991: The Taking of Beverly Hills (executive producer)
 * 1994: The Favor (executive producer)
 * 1994: There Goes My Baby — also known as The Last Days of Paradise (executive producer)
 * 1995: Beyond Rangoon (producer with John Boorman and Eric Pleskow)
 * 2013: Lone Survivor (producer with Peter Berg, Sarah Aubrey, Randall Emmett, Norton Herrick, Akiva Goldsman, Mark Wahlberg, Stephen Levinson, Vitaly Grigoriants)

title: Barry Spikings


text:
User talk:SFO

Welcome to my talk page
To visit my user page, Click here

Please leave me a message ... You can leave me a message by clicking on edit this page at the top of the screen, and leaving a message below, I'll get back to you ASAP.

title: User talk:SFO


text:
Schapfen Mill Tower

The Schapfen-Mill-Tower is a 115 m tall silo tower near Ulm, Germany. Schapfen-Mill-Tower started construction in 2004 and was completed in 2005. It was the tallest operational grain elevator for a time following the demolition of Henninger Turm in 2013, but was surpassed in 2016 with the completion of the Swissmill Tower in Zürich, Switzerland.

Inside the tower are 30 cells inside which about 8,000 metric tons of grain can be stored. The intake capacity is 120 tonnes per hour. The facade on the south side is equipped with a photovoltaic system consisting of 1300 CIS solar modules, which produces about 70,000 kWh of electricity annually. However, due to the vertical mounting, the plant yields only about 70 percent of the theoretically possible yield.

title: Schapfen Mill Tower


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Hotelling's rule

Hotelling's rule defines the net price path as a function of time while maximizing economic rent in the time of fully extracting a non-renewable natural resource. The maximum rent is also known as Hotelling rent or scarcity rent and is the maximum rent that could be obtained while emptying the stock resource. In an efficient exploitation of a non-renewable and non-augmentable resource, the percentage change in net-price per unit of time should equal the discount rate in order to maximise the present value of the resource capital over the extraction period.

This concept was the result of analysis of non-renewable resource management by Harold Hotelling, published in the Journal of Political Economy in 1931, on the basis of his previous research on depreciation (see Hotelling 1925), which invites us to consider with caution the application of Hotelling's rule to concrete natural resources, in particular fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas). Devarajan and Fisher note that a similar result was published by L. C. Gray in 1914, considering the case of a single mine owner.

The simple rule can be expressed by the equilibrium situation representing the optimal solution.

 * $$\frac {P'(t)}{P(t)} = \delta,$$

when P(t) is the unit profit at time t and δ is the discount rate.

The economic rent obtained is an abnormal rent, often referred to as resource rent, since it generates from a situation where the resource owner has open access to the resource for free. In other words, the resource rent is the resource royalty or resource's net price (price received from selling the resource minus costs. In this case costs are zero). The resource rent therefore equals the shadow value of the natural resource or natural capital.

title: Hotelling's rule


text:
Artstetten Castle

Artstetten Castle (Schloss Artstetten, ) is a historic Schloss near the Wachau valley in Lower Austria, in the municipality of Artstetten-Pöbring. It is the final resting place of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg.

History
Artstetten Castle was owned by a number of families over the centuries until it was purchased in 1823 by Emperor Francis I of Austria. In 1852, Archduke Franz Karl of Austria became the owner, then he gave it in 1861 to his third son, Archduke Karl Ludwig of Austria. In 1889, the property was given to Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, who made extensive renovations to the castle.

Formerly used as a summer residence by members of the Habsburg dynasty, the castle is now the final resting place of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his morganatic wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, who were assassinated in 1914. Emperor Franz Joseph I refused to allow them to be interred in the traditional Imperial Crypt at the Capuchin Church, Vienna, because of their morganatic marriage. It also houses the Archduke Franz Ferdinand Museum.

After Konopiště Castle was confiscated by Czechoslovakia in 1921 as part of the confiscation of Habsburg properties under the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Arstetten became the Hohenberg family's primary residence. The castle remains their private property, and parts of the castle are open to the public for visits.

After the Anschluss in 1938, Nazi Germany deported the Hohenbergs to Dachau concentration camp for their anti-Nazi views and confiscated the castle. After the Vienna offensive, the Soviet occupation authorities allowed the residents of Arstetten to elect Duke Maximilian as their mayor, and the Republic of Austria formally returned the castle to the family in 1949, being unable to retain ownership as the Hohenbergs were not covered by the Habsburg Law.

After the death of Franz, Duke of Hohenberg in 1977, the property was deeded to his eldest child, Princess Anita of Hohenberg. The Anita Hohenberg Trust was set up in 2003, and she and her family manage the property.

Coin

The castle was selected as a main motif for a high-value euro collectors' coin, the Austrian 10 euro Castle of Artstetten commemorative coin, minted on 13 October 2004.

The coin's obverse shows the castle of Artstetten standing above the Danube River on the threshold to the region of Wachau. The reverse shows the entrance to the crypt of the Hohenberg family. There are two portraits on the left, showing Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie.

Burials
Notable burials in the castle's crypt include:
 * Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria (1863 – 1914), heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne, and his wife Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg (1868 – 1914), both assassinated by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914
 * Stillborn third son of Franz Ferdinand and Sophie (1908)
 * Prince Ernst of Hohenberg (1904 – 1954), second son of Franz Ferdinand and Sophie
 * Marie-Thérèse Wood (1910 – 1985), wife of Ernst
 * Maximilian, 1st Duke of Hohenberg (1902 – 1962), eldest son of Franz Ferdinand and Sophie
 * Countess Maria von Waldburg zu Wolfegg und Waldsee, wife of Maximilian
 * Franz, 2nd Duke of Hohenberg (1927 – 1977), eldest son of Maximilian
 * Princess Elisabeth, Duchess of Hohenberg (1922 – 2011), wife of Franz and a member of the Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg
 * Georg, 3rd Duke of Hohenberg (1929 – 2018), second son of Maximilian

Literature

 * Stefan Haderer: Artstetten Castle: Residence and final resting place of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Este (1863-1914), Heir-Presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian Throne, Royalty Digest Quarterly, Vol. 1/2014, Rosvall Royal Books, Falköping 2014

title: Artstetten Castle


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Wiesloch

Wiesloch (, locally ; South Franconian: Wissloch) is a town in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is situated 13 kilometres south of Heidelberg. After Weinheim, Sinsheim and Leimen, it is the fourth largest town in the Rhein-Neckar-Kreis. It shares Wiesloch-Walldorf station with its neighbouring town Walldorf. Also in the vicinity of Wiesloch are Dielheim, Malsch (bei Wiesloch), Mühlhausen, Rauenberg and Sankt Leon-Rot.

Wiesloch's population grew to more than 20,000 when the administration of the area was reorganised in the 1970s. Wiesloch became a Große Kreisstadt on 1 January 1973, when Altwiesloch, Baiertal, Frauenweiler and Schatthausen were amalgamated with Wiesloch to form the present municipality.

History
The settlement that is now Wiesloch town centre originated during the expansion of silver mining in the vicinity in the 10th century.

Fossil site
The fossil remains of the oldest hummingbird found to date, Eurotrochilus inexpectatus, were found in a clay pit at Frauenweiler. This bird lived during the Early Oligocene (30 mya), when the area had a humid, subtropical climate similar to the northern Caribbean today.

Emperor Henry IV
In 1077, Emperor Henry IV locked more than 100 of his enemies in the early church at Wizinloch (as the place was then known) on the site of the present Protestant church (Stadtkirche) and burnt the building down.

Battles
There were three battles near Wiesloch, the Battle of Mingolsheim on 27 April 1622 (during the Thirty Years' War), the 1632 Battle of Wiesloch on 16 August 1632, (during the same war) and the 1799 Battle of Wiesloch on 3 December 1799 (during the War of the Second Coalition).

Wiesloch was attacked on 28 January 1689 by French troops under Ezéchiel du Mas, Comte de Mélac, during the Nine Years' War, and was almost completely burnt down and destroyed.

Bertha Benz
The city pharmacy in Wiesloch was the first "filling station" in the world, because Bertha Benz stopped there on 5 August 1888, on the first long distance car trip, to refill the tank of her automobile, which her husband Karl Benz had invented. She was supplied with ligroin by the apothecary Willi Ockel.

In 2008, the Bertha Benz Memorial Route was officially designated an industrial heritage route, following Bertha Benz's route on the world's first long-distance journey by automobile. It is a 194 km signposted circuit from Mannheim via Heidelberg and Wiesloch to Pforzheim in the Black Forest, and back.

The Minnesinger von Wissenlo
The Codex Manesse includes four sophisticated Middle High German lyrics in the tagelied genre ascribed to the Minnesinger von Wissenlo (meaning "minnesang poet from Wiesloch"). The identity of the Minnesinger von Wissenlo is not known, but the poet is conjectured to be Heinrich Swendinger von Wissenloch, who lived in the second half of the 13th century. An illustration titled von Wissenlo in the Codex Manesse shows a lady, a child, and a knight, and includes an escutcheon which does not match that of the Von Wissenloch family.

There are two statues of the Minnesinger von Wissenlo in Wiesloch town centre: one, by Hatto Zeidler from 1978, is in the square by the united Protestant church (Stadtkirche) and shows the poet playing the lyre; the other, an equestrian statue on a tall column, is part of a group by Karel Fron that was erected in the market square near the town hall in 1988.

Geography
Wiesloch is situated partly on the southern foothills of the Odenwald, partly in the Rhine Valley, and partly in the Kraichgau. Five brooks flow through Wiesloch: the Leimbach, the Gauangelbach, the Waldangelbach, the Ochsenbach, and the Maisbach.

Economy
MLP AG, a large German broker of personal finance services, is headquartered at Wiesloch. Wiesloch also hosts the world's largest printing press manufacturing site, operated by Heidelberger Druckmaschinen. Other large companies in the close vicinity are HeidelbergCement, the central cool store warehouses for the REWE Group supermarket chain, and the global headquarters of SAP SE.

"MetropolPark Wiesloch-Walldorf" is the brand name for the commercial and industrial business park surrounding Wiesloch-Walldorf railway station.

Leisure
The open-air Leimbach Park and Wiesloch Feldbahn and Industrial Museum are in the region surrounding the joint railway station.

Twin towns – sister cities
Wiesloch is twinned with:
 * Amarante, Portugal
 * 🇫🇷 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
 * 🇺🇸 Sturgis, United States
 * 🇵🇱 Ząbkowice Śląskie, Poland

Notable people

 * Karl Hermann Zahn (1865–1940), botanist, studied hawkweed
 * Werner Zahn (1890–1971), bobsledder
 * Erich Schelling (1904–1986), architect, worked in Karlsruhe
 * Rudolf Wild (1904–1995), businessman, founded WILD, a food company
 * Alfred Schön (born 1962), football manager and former player who played over 330 games.
 * Klaus Weese (born 1967), freestyle skier

title: Wiesloch


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Portal:Cricket/Featured article/May

Bodyline was a cricketing tactic devised by the English cricket team for their 1932–33 tour of Australia, specifically to combat the extraordinary batting skill of Australia's Don Bradman. It involved bowlers deliberately aiming the cricket ball at the bodies of batsmen. This caused several injuries to Australian players and led to ill-feeling between the countries that rose to diplomatic levels. Following the 1932–33 series, several authors, including many of the players involved in it, released books expressing various points of view about Bodyline. Many argued that it was a scourge on cricket and must be stamped out, while some claimed not to understand what all the fuss was about. (more...)

Other featured articles: A. E. J. Collins – The Ashes – Brian Close – History of Test cricket (to 1883) – History of Test cricket (1884 to 1889) – Sydney Riot of 1879

title: Portal:Cricket/Featured article/May


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People's Labour Movement

The People's Labour Movement (PLM) was a political party in Grenada founded by Francis Alexis. It was one of the oldest political parties of Grenada. It became defunct after the 2008 elections.

History
The PLM was one of the oldest political parties of Grenada, along with the Grenada United Labour Party and was originally named the Democratic Labour Party. The organization was created by the former Attorney General Francis Alexis. In the late 1990s, Alexis left the party to work on his political issues. In 2002, the party merged with the Maurice Bishop Patriotic Movement. In the 2003 elections the party received 2% of the popular vote but failed to win a seat. For the July 2008 elections, it formed a coalition with its longtime rival the Grenada United Labour Party; the combined United Labour Platform fielded 11 candidates for the 15 seats, receiving just 0.8% of the vote and again failing to win a seat. The party became defunct after the elections.

title: People's Labour Movement


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Treytorrens

Treytorrens is a municipality in the district of Broye-Vully in the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.

Geography
Treytorrens has an area,, of 3.1 km2. Of this area, 2.31 km2 or 75.2% is used for agricultural purposes, while 0.64 km2 or 20.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.15 km2 or 4.9% is settled (buildings or roads).

Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.6% and transportation infrastructure made up 2.9%. Out of the forested land, all of the forested land area is covered with heavy forests. Of the agricultural land, 59.6% is used for growing crops and 15.3% is pastures.

The municipality was part of the Payerne District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Treytorrens became part of the new district of Broye-Vully.

Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Gules, three Fishes nainaint Argent.

Demographics
Treytorrens has a population of. , 0.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 0%. It has changed at a rate of -4.3% due to migration and at a rate of 3.5% due to births and deaths.

Most of the population speaks French (97 or 95.1%), with German being second most common (3 or 2.9%) and Italian being third (1 or 1.0%).

The age distribution of the population is children and teenagers (0–19 years old) make up 18.6% of the population, while adults (20–64 years old) make up 61.8% and seniors (over 64 years old) make up 19.6%.

, there were 38 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 46 married individuals, 7 widows or widowers and 11 individuals who are divorced.

, there were 39 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.6 persons per household. There were 8 households that consist of only one person and 2 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 40 households that answered this question, 20.0% were households made up of just one person and there was 1 adult who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 9 married couples without children, 18 married couples with children There was one single parent with a child or children. There were 2 households that were made up of unrelated people and 1 household that was made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.

there were 22 single family homes (or 55.0% of the total) out of a total of 40 inhabited buildings. There were 5 multi-family buildings (12.5%), along with 12 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (30.0%) and 1 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (2.5%).

, a total of 38 apartments (77.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 7 apartments (14.3%) were seasonally occupied and 4 apartments (8.2%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 3.92%.

The historical population is given in the following chart:

Heritage sites of national significance
The Swiss Reformed church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance. The entire village of Treytorrens is part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

Politics
In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 48.66% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (20.13%), the PdA Party (7.52%) and the Green Party (6.24%). In the federal election, a total of 45 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 49.5%.

Economy
, Treytorrens had an unemployment rate of 0.8%. , there were 21 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 9 businesses involved in this sector. 4 people were employed in the secondary sector and there was 1 business in this sector. No one was employed in the tertiary sector. There were 60 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 36.7% of the workforce.

the total number of full-time equivalent jobs was 19. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 15, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 4, all of which were in construction.

, there were 3 workers who commuted into the municipality and 36 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 12.0 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 11.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 51.7% used a private car.

Religion
From the, 14 or 13.7% were Roman Catholic, while 76 or 74.5% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there were 3 individuals (or about 2.94% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. 8 (or about 7.84% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 2 individuals (or about 1.96% of the population) did not answer the question.

Education
In Treytorrens about 38 or (37.3%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 12 or (11.8%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a Fachhochschule). Of the 12 who completed tertiary schooling, 66.7% were Swiss men, 25.0% were Swiss women.

, there were 18 students in Treytorrens who came from another municipality, while 14 residents attended schools outside the municipality.

title: Treytorrens


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Biodegradability prediction

Biodegradability prediction is biologically inspired computing and attempts to predict biodegradability of anthropogenic materials in the environment. Demand for biodegradability prediction is expected to increase with governments stepping up environmental regulations (see, for instance, testing for bioaccumulation in the REACH proposal).

Example:
 * Development of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSARs) for biodegradation, for instance, biochemical oxygen demand for chemicals released into the environment with the aid of machine learning and other artificial intelligence methods.
 * The University of Minnesota Biocatalysis and Biodegradation Database (UM-BBD), which contains information on microbial biocatalytic reactions and biodegradation pathways for primarily xenobiotic, chemical compounds. One of its many features allows the prediction of microbial catabolic reactions using substructure searching, a rule-base, and atom-to-atom mapping.

title: Biodegradability prediction


text:
User:Mome-Rath

New here - hold on...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jabberwocky

Welcome.!

title: User:Mome-Rath


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Eric Allender

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 22:40, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Eric Allender
aaaack, it's an unformatted paste of his CV. Delete. (assuming that it is posted by Allender himself, therefore not a copyvio) FreplySpang (talk) 19:59, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Ick. Delete vanity, and someone help me make a valid speedy for crap like this. Chris talk back 22:27, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - Not notable (and hard on the eyes).
 * Delete vanity, non notable, non-encyclopedic, not formated. José San Martin 23:14, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. He might be notable, but nobody could find it out with all unformatted rubbish on the article page anyway. Vanity. - Marcika 23:32, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment Eric is certainly a notable CS researcher. The current page is useless, of course. Arbor 08:08, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User talk:Moberme

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
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title: User talk:Moberme


text:
Unknown Archon

The term Unknown Archon, Unknown Prince, or Unnamed Serbian Archon (Непознати архонт / непознати кнез / неименовани српски архонт, Nepoznati arhont / nepoznati knez / neimenovani srpski arhont) refers to a prince of the Sorbs of the first half of the 7th century who supposedly led his people from their original homeland in White Serbia to settle in the Balkans during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Heraclius (610–641), as mentioned in Emperor Constantine VII's work De Administrando Imperio (written in 950s). The work does not record his name, but states that he was the progenitor of the first Serbian dynasty (known in historiography as the Vlastimirović dynasty), and that he died before the arrival of the Bulgars on the Balkans (680), succeeded by his son, and then grandson.

De Administrando Imperio
The Serbs are descended from the unbaptized Serbs, also called 'white', who live beyond Turkey in a place called by them Boïki, where their neighbour is Francia, as is also Great Croatia, the unbaptized, also called 'white': in this place, then, these Serbs also originally dwelt. But when two brothers succeeded their father in the rule of Serbia, one of them, taking a moiety of the folk, claimed the protection of Heraclius, the emperor of the Romans, and the same emperor Heraclius received him and gave him a place in the province of Thessalonica to settle in, namely Servia, which from that time has acquired this denomination. Now, after some time these same Serbs decided to depart to their own homes, and the emperor sent them off. But when they had crossed the river Danube, they changed their minds and sent a request to the emperor Heraclius, through the military governor then governing Belgrade, that he would grant them other land to settle in. And since what is now Serbia and Pagania and the so-called country of the Zachlumi and Trebounia and the country of the Kanalites were under the dominion of the emperor of the Romans, and since these countries had been made desolate by the Avars (for they had expelled from those parts the Romans who now live in Dalmatia and Dyrrachium), therefore the emperor settled these same Serbs in these countries, and they were subject to the emperor of the Romans; and the emperor brought elders from Rome and baptized them (632) and taught them fairly to perform the works of piety and expounded to them the faith of the Christians. ''And since Bulgaria was beneath the dominion of the Romans ... when, therefore, that same Serbian prince died who had claimed the emperor's protection, his son ruled in succession, and thereafter his grandson, and in like manner the succeeding princes from his family."

Studies
According to the accounts in DAI the first Christianization of the Serbs should be dated to 632–638; this could be interpreted at first glance as Porphyrogenitus' invention, or might have actually taken place, encompassing a limited group of chiefs and then very poorly received by the wider layers of the tribe. In early historical assessment like that of German historian Ludwig Albrecht Gebhardi (1735–1802), the Serb archon was a son of Dervan, who was the Duke (dux) of the Surbi, east of the Saale. This theory was supported by Miloš Milojević (1872), while Francis Dvornik (1962) and Relja Novaković (1977) argued the possibility that they were brothers or other relatives.

In contemporary historiography and archaeology, the narratives of De Administrando Imperio have been reassessed as they contain anachronisms and factual mistakes. The account in DAI about the Serbs mentions that they requested from the Byzantine commander of present-day Belgrade to settle in the theme of Thessalonica, which was formed ca. 150 years after the reign of Heraclius which was in the 7th century. For the purposes of its narrative, the DAI formulates a mistaken etymology of the Serbian ethnonym which it derives from Latin servi (serfs).

As the Byzantine Empire sought to establish its hegemony towards the Serbs, the narrative of the DAI sought to establish a historical hegemony over the Serbs by claiming that their arrival, settlement and conversion to Christianity was the direct result of the Byzantine interference in the centuries which preceded the writing of DAI. D. Dzino (2010) considers that the story of the migration from White Serbia after the invitation of Heraclius as a means of explanation of the settlement of the Serbs is a form of rationalization of the social and cultural change which the Balkans had undergone via the misinterpretation of historical events placed in late antiquity.

title: Unknown Archon


text:
Daisy Lang

Daisy Lang (born 4 April 1972 as Dessislava Kirova) is a former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2004. She is a three division world champion and was the first Bulgarian woman to capture a world title, having held the WIBF super-flyweight, bantamweight, and super-bantamweight titles between 1999 and 2004.

Boxing career
Lang began boxing professionally in February 1996 in Germany. She lived in Düsseldorf and trained in Hamburg, where Universum Box-Promotion was based, she won her first three fights of her career in 1996, two of them by knockout. On 29 November 1997 Daisy lost against Michele Aboro in the six rounds fight. In February 1998, Daisy Lang won the vacant WIBF European Bantamweight title in ten rounds against Krisztina Horvai.

After winning another fight by knockout in round 2, she defended her European championship belt against Anastasia Toktaulova on 27 March 1999. On 17 July of the same year, Lang became world champion with a victory against Gizella Papp in the battle for the vacant WIBF Super Flyweight title.

From 1999 to 2002 Daisy Lang successfully defended her title against Sonia Pereira, Kathy Williams, Oana Jurma, Brenda Burnside, Nadia Debras, Michelle Sutcliffe and Réka Krempf. On 14 September 2002 she won against Lisa Foster in a fight for the GBU world Bantamweight championship in ten rounds. On 18 January 2003 Lang drew against Silke Weickenmeier in fight for the GBU Super banthamweight title, but won the rematch on 10 May with a majority decision in ten rounds. On 15 November 2003 she lost against Galina Ivanova in ten rounds, in a fight for the WIBF Super Flyweight title.

In 2004, she won an 8-round match against Marian Pampuk of Hungary, but in her next match on 29 May 2004 she lost against Regina Halmich in a fight for the vacant IWBF Super Flyweight title, in ten rounds by unanimous decision. In October 2004 she won another fight by knockout Simone Suchiu in the third round.

Awards

 * 2016 Lifetime achievement award from the US Martial Arts Hall of Fame: "Hall of Heroes".
 * The International Women's Boxing Hall of Fame USA (IWBHF) 2017 inductee.
 * Hall of Honors Achievements in Martial Arts&Women Pro Boxing on 04.27.2018 and 2019, Munich.Germany.
 * AMAA Martial Arts Ambassador of the year on 06.28.2019, Las Vegas, NV.
 * Master Hall of Fame Inductee on 07.27.2019,Costa Mesa,CA.

title: Daisy Lang


text:
Galerians: Ash

Galerians: Ash (ガレリアンズ：アッシュ) is a survival horror video game developed by Polygon Magic for the Sony PlayStation 2. Galerians: Ash is the sequel to Galerians, a PlayStation game. It is a psychic action game with a dark setting. It follows the story of a young man named Rion who has psychic powers and the resilience to overcome the Last Galerians, a genetically engineered group of superhumans whose purpose is to wipe out humankind.

Story
The plot of Galerians: Ash is highly dependent upon its predecessor, Galerians, and begins with a synopsis of the events from that game. In the 26th century, two computer scientists develop an advanced self-replicating artificial intelligence, whom they called Dorothy. Dorothy grew in scope and influence quickly, and began to question why she should obey humans, whom she identified as inferior. Her creators told her of the existence of God, and that just as humankind must abide by the will of God, so must Dorothy obey her creators - humans. While Dorothy seemed to accept this explanation, she secretly began developing Galerians - a superior human race with psychic powers, for whom she would be God.

Dorothy's creators put a safeguard against her - two programs that, if introduced into Dorothy's systems, would destroy her - into the minds of their two children, Rion Steiner and Lilia Pascalle. Though Rion was captured by Dorothy's followers and experimented upon, he managed to break free using the psychic powers he gained from the experiments. Going through a series of painful ordeals, Rion found Lilia and killed the Galerians, but not without discovering that he himself was a Galerian, and that the real Rion died while being subjected to the experiments. In the end Rion and Lilia destroyed Dorothy, but the mental stress of the battle destroyed Rion's brain.

Galerians: Ash takes place six years after the original Galerians. Though Dorothy was destroyed, she produced several more Galerians - the Last Galerians - in her final moments, and mankind has fought a desperate battle with them ever since. The game begins with Lilia, now a computer scientist herself, locating backup data of Rion's personality in the remains of Dorothy's systems, and using them to bring Rion back to life. Lilia realizes that only Rion has the power to stop the leader of the Last Galerians, known as Ash, and end the nightmare once and for all.

Reception
Galerians: Ash received "mixed" reviews according to the review aggregation website Metacritic. In Japan, Famitsu gave it a score of one six and three sevens for a total of 27 out of 40.

title: Galerians: Ash