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Zvornik

Zvornik (Зворник, ) is a city in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina]. In 2013, it had a population of 58,856 inhabitants.

The town of Mali Zvornik ("Little Zvornik") lies directly across the river in Serbia. Kula Grad, a village that is part of Zvornik municipality, has a Middle Age fort, Zvornik fortress, built in the 12th century.

History
Zvornik is first mentioned in 1410, although it was known as Zvonik ("bell tower") at that time. The town's geographic location has made it an important trade link between Bosnia and the east. For instance, the main road connecting Sarajevo and Belgrade runs through the city. The medieval fort known as Kula grad was built in the early 7th century and still stands on the Mlađevac mountainous range overlooking the Drina Valley.

Ottoman rule
During the Ottoman period, Zvornik was the capital of the Sanjak of Zvornik (an administrative region) within the Eyalet of Bosnia. This was primarily the case because of the city's crucial role in the economy and the strategic importance of the city's location. The Sanjak of Zvornik was one of six Ottoman sanjaks with most developed shipbuilding (besides the sanjaks of Vidin, Nicopolis, Požega, Smederevo and Mohač). In 1806, Zvornik was home to Mehmed-beg Kulenović.

World War II
Ustasha troops of the fascist Independent State of Croatia occupied Zvornik, along with most of Bosnia, in April 1941. The town was liberated in July 1943 by the 1st Proletarian Brigade during the Battle of Zvornik.

Bosnian war
During the Bosnian War (1992–1995) Zvornik's Bosniak population was expelled. The military attack of paramilitary groups that came from Serbia on Zvornik Bosniaks commenced on 8 April 1992. During April 1992, many European news stations daily reported Serb armed attacks and mass killings of the Bosniak population of Zvornik and the surrounding villages.

On 19 May 1992, combined JNA, Serb paramilitary and Arkan's Tigers took control of Zvornik and Mali Zvornik. The suburbs of Karakaj and Čelopek were places of prisons where hundreds of local Bosniaks were killed. The remaining Bosniaks and non-Serbs were relegated to concentration camps and detention facilities throughout the area. During the war Serb forces destroyed mosques in and around the city.

Settlements
Aside from the city proper area of Zvornik, the municipality comprises the following settlements:

 * Androvići
 * Baljkovica
 * Baljkovica Donja
 * Boškovići
 * Buložani
 * Čelopek
 * Cer
 * Divič
 * Donja Pilica
 * Donji Lokanj
 * Drinjača
 * Dugi Dio
 * Đevanje
 * Đulići
 * Glodi
 * Glumina
 * Goduš
 * Gornja Pilica
 * Gornji Lokanj
 * Grbavci Donji
 * Grbavci Gornji
 * Gušteri
 * Jardan
 * Jasenica
 * Jusići
 * Kamenica Donja
 * Kamenica Gornja
 * Kiseljak
 * Kitovnice
 * Klisa
 * Kostijerevo
 * Kozluk
 * Kraljevići
 * Križevići
 * Kučić Kula
 * Kula Grad
 * Liješanj
 * Liplje
 * Malešići
 * Marčići
 * Međeđa
 * Mehmedići
 * Nezuk
 * Novo Selo
 * Pađine
 * Paljevići
 * Petkovci
 * Potočani
 * Rastošnica
 * Roćević
 * Rožanj
 * Sapna
 * Skočić
 * Snagovo
 * Snagovo Donje
 * Snagovo Gornje
 * Sopotnik
 * Šepak Donji
 * Šepak Gornji
 * Šetići
 * Tabanci
 * Trnovica
 * Tršić
 * Ugljari
 * Vitinica
 * Vrela
 * Zaseok
 * Zelinje

Economy
The table shows the number of registered people employed in legal entities by their core activity in 2018:

Culture
The Cultural Summer of Zvornik (Zvorničko kulturno ljeto) is an annual event held in the first week of August, usually for six days. Its main objective is to become a traditional cultural event which will open the doors of Zvornik for recognized cultural values.

The festival was first held in August 2001 as a local event and has grown to be one of the biggest festivals in the Balkans.

In 2007, famous singers such as Neda Ukraden and Sandi Cenov participated, but in 2008 theis festival featured some of the most notable stars from former Yugoslavia, like Željko Joksimović, Hari Mata Hari, Van Gogh and Marinko Rokvić. There is also a regatta on the river Drina, a fun marathon and many cultural events and competitions during day and night.

International co-operation
Zvornik is twinned with:
 * 🇷🇸 Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia

Other friendships and cooperations, protocols, memorandums:
 * 🇷🇺 Kolchugino, Russia

Sport
The local football clubs, FK Drina Zvornik and ŽFK Drina Zvornik, play in the First League of the Republika Srpska. Members of the First league of Republika Srpska also are volleyball and handball clubs Zvornik.

Notable people

 * Seka Aleksić, singer
 * Ermin Bičakčić, footballer
 * Rade Đokić, footballer
 * Amer Hrustanović, sports wrestler, European medallist
 * Said Husejinović, footballer
 * Goran Ikonić, basketball player
 * Zlatko Junuzović, Austrian footballer
 * Samir Muratović, footballer
 * Nada Obrić, singer
 * Denis Omerbegović, footballer
 * Borisav Pisić, athlete
 * Sejad Salihović, footballer

title: Zvornik


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dodge The Tomato!

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. - Mailer Diablo 13:14, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Dodge The Tomato!
also: Billy Wilson also: Danny Praznosky also: Amy Wilson

Four of a number of articles posted in a short period about what appears to be a non-notable, not-yet-produced amateur film. DDerby 17:14, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Update: he's acting more mature and now as User:Gadgetfusin. Definitely userfy. DDerby 20:00, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. No sign of notability.  -- Antaeus Feldspar 20:05, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete all four. Vanity, non-notable. --InShaneee 20:26, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unproduced amateur films and related articles. Mgm|(talk) 21:16, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I hope these kids realize that what they're planning on doing is assault.  RickK 22:08, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete not notable and a waste of good tomatoes. Dsmdgold 02:19, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete all of them, not notable, Attack of the Killer Tomatoes this isnt. Megan1967 04:32, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete "No sign of notability.", "I hope these kids realize that what they're planning on doing is assault.", "not notable and a waste of good tomatoes.". This aricle deserves deletion, but what kind of boring old people are you? This is people getting tomatoes thrown at them! Who cares if it's an assault as long as they don't actually hurt someone? NO ONE! This is a funny little film made by some kids! Lighten up! Of course it's inappropriate for an encyclopedia, but seriously; get a sense of humor. User:the_strategy_freakUser talk:the_strategy_freak 17:42, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * You really think the people who get tomatoes thrown at them will consider it a harmless prank? If it were me, I'd have the kids and their parents down at the police station immediately.  Also, it would be illegal to show the people's faces without written releases.  RickK 21:27, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * You don't understand, tomatoes are meant to be set in the window until the reach the perfect color and then sliced and eaten lightly salted. Anything else is a waste. Except possibly really good pasta sauce. Dsmdgold 22:47, Apr 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, film is not yet released (probably not yet filmed) and not on IMDB. -- Curps 00:47, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Amateur film. Not on IMDB. Zzyzx11 | Talk 00:49, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as vanity bordering on sheer stupidity if this is for real. RickK summed it up best.  I like Dsmdgold's thought also.  I know I wouldn't be my usual cheery and pleasant self if I got an unexpected tomato in the moosh.  The thrower would be dealing with one very large and very angry Italian.  You know those laproscopic cameras that go where no one really wants to go?  'Nuff said about their gear. - Lucky 6.9 06:05, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The creator now is a registered user. Userfy? DDerby 21:28, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete complete and utter vanity. Non-encyclopaedic nonsense.

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Ferruccio Lamborghini

Ferruccio Lamborghini (28 April 1916 – 20 February 1993) was an Italian automobile designer, soldier, inventor, mechanic, engineer, winemaker, industrialist, and businessman who created Lamborghini Trattori in 1948 and the Automobili Lamborghini in 1963, a maker of high-end sports cars in Sant'Agata Bolognese.

Born to grape farmers in Renazzo, from the comune (municipality) of Cento, in the Emilia-Romagna region, his mechanical know-how led him to enter the business of tractor manufacturing in 1948, when he founded Lamborghini Trattori, which quickly became an important manufacturer of agricultural equipment in the midst of Italy's post-WWII economic boom. In 1959, he opened an oil burner factory, Lamborghini Bruciatori, which later entered the business of producing air conditioning equipment.

Lamborghini founded a fourth company, Lamborghini Oleodinamica, in 1969 after creating Automobili Lamborghini in 1963. Lamborghini sold off many of his interests by the late 1970s and retired to an estate in Umbria, where he pursued winemaking.

Early life
Ferruccio Lamborghini was born on 28 April 1916 to viticulturists Antonio and Evelina Lamborghini in house number 22 in Renazzo di Cento, in the Province of Ferrara, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy. According to his baptismal certificate, Ferruccio was baptised as a Roman Catholic four days later, on 2 May.

As a young man, Lamborghini was drawn more to farming machinery rather than the farming lifestyle itself. Following his interest in mechanics, Lamborghini studied at the Fratelli Taddia technical institute near Bologna. In 1940 he was drafted into the Italian Royal Air Force, where he served as a mechanic at the Italian garrison on the island of Rhodes, territory of the Kingdom of Italy since 1911, after the Italo-Turkish War, becoming the supervisor of the vehicle maintenance unit. When the Germans turned on their former Italian allies in September 1943, most soldiers either fled or were among the 30,000 Italians captured as prisoners of war. Lamborghini initially escaped capture but later returned to his former workplace in civilian clothes working several odd jobs and with the permission of the German forces opened a small vehicle workshop. When the island fell to the British at the end of the war in 1945 he was arrested as a collaborator, and was not able to return home to Italy until the following year. In 1946, he married Clelia Monti (a native of Ferrara whom he had met in Rhodes during the war) in the church of Santa Maria in Vado in Ferrara. On October 13, 1947, their son Tonino was born, but Clelia died giving birth. In 1948, Lamborghini met Annita Borgatti, a 24-year-old teacher and daughter of the owners of the Fontana Hotel in Cento, who would accompany him in running his businesses for over thirty years. .

Lamborghini's passion for engines and machines led him to work in a company that overhauled military vehicles. During World War II, he found the opportunity to experiment with his mechanical skills as a repair technician at the 50th mixed motor unit (a military base in Rhodes in the Italian Dodecanese).

In 1946, the growing demand for tractors in the Italian market, combined with the experience gained in repairs, pushed Lamborghini to pursue a career as an entrepreneur in the production of tractors. He bought surplus military vehicles from the war and transformed them into agricultural machines.

After World War II
After World War II, Lamborghini opened a garage in Pieve di Cento. Lamborghini modified an old Fiat Topolino he had purchased (the first of many that he would own over the years), and in his spare time he made tractors which would be the first Lamborghinis he would make. He made use of his mechanical abilities to transform the homely city car into a roaring 750-cc open-top two-seater and entered the car in the 1948 Mille Miglia. His participation ended after 1100 km when he ran the car into the side of a restaurant in the town of Fiano, in Turin.

Beginnings of entrepreneurship
In 1947 Ferruccio Lamborghini recognized an emerging market in post-War Italy devoted to agricultural and industrial revitalization. Using parts from military vehicle engines and differentials from ARAR centres, Lamborghini built the first of his "Carioca" tractors, themselves based on the six-cylinder petrol engines of Morris trucks.

As petrol in Italy was prohibitively-priced, Lamborghini augmented the Morris engines with a fuel atomiser of his own creation, which allowed the tractors to be started with petrol, then switch to the cheaper diesel fuel. Based on the initial success of the Carioca, Lamborghini founded Lamborghini Trattori and began manufacturing tractors.

Involvement with boats
A Riva Aquarama Lamborghini (Hull #278) was registered and delivered on 7 June 1968 to Lamborghini. The boat was the first and only one fitted with two Lamborghini engines, and it had a special side railing for holding on to during water-skiing and record attempts. The engine compartment was modified to fit the engines and a special open exhaust was built to meet Lamborghini's demands.

He owned the boat for over 20 years until July 1988, when he sold it to Angelo Merli, a close friend.

Involvement with automobiles
Lamborghini's increasing wealth allowed him to purchase faster, more expensive cars than the tiny Fiats he had tinkered with during his youth. He owned cars such as Alfa Romeos and Lancias during the early 1950s and at one point he had enough cars to use a different one every day of the week, adding a Mercedes-Benz 300SL, a Jaguar E-Type coupé, and two Maserati 3500 GTs. Of the latter, Lamborghini said, "Adolfo Orsi, then the owner of Maserati, was a man I had a lot of respect for: he had started life as a poor boy, like myself. But I did not like his cars much. They felt heavy and did not really go very fast."

In 1958, Lamborghini traveled to Maranello to buy a Ferrari 250 GT: a two-seat coupé with a body designed by coachbuilder Pininfarina. He went on to own several more over the years, including a Scaglietti-designed 250 GT SWB Berlinetta and a 250 GT 2+2 four-seater. Lamborghini thought Ferrari's cars were good, but too noisy and rough to be proper road cars. He categorized them as repurposed track cars with poorly built interiors. Lamborghini found that Ferrari's cars were equipped with inferior clutches, and required continuous trips to Maranello for rebuilds; technicians would secret the car away for several hours to perform the work, much to Lamborghini's annoyance. He had previously expressed dissatisfaction with Ferrari's after sales service, which he perceived to be substandard. Lamborghini brought his misgivings to Enzo Ferrari's attention, but was dismissed by Ferrari. After successfully modifying one of his personally-owned Ferrari 250 GTs to outperform stock models, Lamborghini gained the impetus to pursue an automobile manufacturing venture of his own, aiming to create the perfect touring car that he felt no one could build for him. Lamborghini believed that a grand tourer should have attributes that were lacking in Ferrari's offerings, namely high performance without compromising tractability, ride quality, and interior appointments. A clever businessman, Lamborghini also knew that he could make triple the profit if the components used in his tractors were installed in a high-performance exotic car instead.

Departure from Macchina Lamborghini

During the 1970s, Ferruccio Lamborghini's companies began to run into financial difficulties. In 1971, Lamborghini Trattori, which exported around half of its production of tractors, ran into trouble when its South African importer cancelled all its orders. In Bolivia, the new military government, which had recently staged a successful coup d'état, cancelled a large order of tractors that was being prepared for shipment in Genoa. Trattori's unionised employees could not be laid off, putting immense strain on the company. In 1972, Lamborghini sold his entire holding in the company to rival tractor builder SAME. Soon, the entire Lamborghini group found itself in financial trouble. Development at the automaker slowed as costs were cut. Ferruccio Lamborghini began courting buyers for Automobili and Trattori, entering negotiations with Georges-Henri Rossetti, a wealthy Swiss businessman and friend. Ferruccio sold Rossetti 51% of the company for US$600,000, thereby relinquishing control of the automaker he had founded. He continued to work at the Sant'Agata factory; Rossetti rarely involved himself in Automobili's affairs.

The situation did not improve: the 1973 oil crisis plagued sales of high-performance cars of manufacturers from around the world. Consumers flocked to smaller, more practical modes of transportation with better fuel economy. By 1974, Ferruccio had become disenchanted with his car business. He severed all connections with the cars that bore his name, selling his remaining 49% stake in the automaker. The shares were acquired by René Leimer, a friend of Georges-Henri Rossetti.

After departing the automobile manufacturing business, Lamborghini continued his business activities in other areas, including his heating and air conditioning company, Lamborghini Calor. In 1969, he founded Lamborghini Oleodinamica S.p.A., a manufacturer of hydraulic valves and equipment.

Later life

In 1974, Lamborghini exited the industrial world and retired to a 3 km2 estate named "La Fiorita" on the shores of Lake Trasimeno, in Castiglione del Lago, a town in the Umbria region of central Italy. Returning to his farming roots, Lamborghini delighted in hunting and producing his own wines. Lamborghini even designed his own golf course, all while continuing to manage several business interests.

Lamborghini fathered a child, Patrizia, at age 58.

At 76 years of age, on 20 February 1993, Lamborghini died at Silvestrini Hospital in Perugia after suffering a heart attack fifteen days earlier. Lamborghini is buried at the cemetery of Renazzo.

Lamborghini's fascination with bullfighting
The world of bullfighting is a key part of Lamborghini's identity. In 1962, Ferruccio Lamborghini visited the Seville ranch of Don Eduardo Miura, a renowned breeder of Spanish fighting bulls. Lamborghini, a Taurus himself, was so impressed by the majestic Miura animals that he decided to adopt a raging bull as the emblem for the auto company he would soon found.

After producing two cars with alphanumeric designations, Lamborghini once again turned to the bull breeder for inspiration. Don Eduardo was filled with pride when he learned that Ferruccio had named a car for his family and their line of bulls; the fourth Miura to be produced was unveiled to him at his ranch in Seville.

The car manufacturer would continue to draw upon the bullfighting connection in future years. The Islero was named for the Miura bull that killed the famed bullfighter Manolete in 1947. Espada is the Spanish word for sword, sometimes used to refer to the bullfighter himself. The Jarama's name carried a special double meaning; intended to refer only to the historic bullfighting region in Spain, Ferruccio was concerned about confusion with the also historic Jarama motor racing track.

After naming the Urraco after a bull breed, in 1974, Lamborghini broke from tradition, naming the Countach not for a bull, but for contacc, a Piedmontese exclamation of astonishment. Legend has it that Nuccio Bertone uttered the word in surprise when he first laid eyes on the Countach prototype, "Project 112". The LM002 sport utility vehicle and the Silhouette were other exceptions to the tradition.

The Jalpa of 1982 was named after a bull breed: Diablo, after the Duke of Veragua's ferocious bull famous for fighting an epic battle against "El Chicorro" in Madrid in 1869.

Even after Ferruccio's death the tradition was maintained: Murciélago, the legendary bull who survived 28 sword strokes and whose life was spared by "El Lagartijo" for his performance in 1879; Gallardo, named after one of the five ancestral castes of the Spanish fighting bull breed; and Reventón, the bull that defeated young Mexican torero Félix Guzmán in 1943. The Estoque concept of 2008 was named after the estoc, the sword traditionally used by matadors during bullfights, while the replacement for the Murcielago, the Aventador (unveiled in 2011) was named after a bull that was bred by the sons of Don Celestino Cuadri Vides. This bull was killed in a particularly gruesome fight, where after the bull was killed, its left ear was cut off and given to the Matador as a token of good luck.

Legacy
All of Ferruccio Lamborghini's companies continue to operate today in one form or another. His son, Tonino, designs a collection of clothing and accessories under the Tonino Lamborghini brand, as well as designing the Town Life, an electric microcar which was revealed at the Bologna Motor Show in 1999. Ferruccio's daughter, Patrizia Lamborghini, runs the Lamborghini winery on his Umbria estate. In 1995 Ferruccio's son Tonino opened a museum that honors Lamborghini's legacy, the Centro Studi e Ricerche Ferruccio Lamborghini in Dosso (Ferrara), which was moved to Argelato (Bologna) in 2014 with the new name Ferruccio Lamborghini Museum.

Cinema
2022: Lamborghini: The Man Behind the Legend, biographical film of Lamborghini.

Lamborghini-branded products

 * Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. Automobiles; now a subsidiary of AUDI AG
 * Lamborghini Calor S.p.A. (formerly Lamborghini Bruciatori) Heating and cooling equipment; now a subsidiary of Ferroli S.p.A.
 * Lamborghini Oleodinamica Hydraulic equipment; now a brand of Oleodinamica SEGUINI S.r.l.
 * Lamborghini Trattori S.p.A. Farm tractors; now a subsidiary of SAME Deutz-Fahr S.p.A.

title: Ferruccio Lamborghini


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Globus cruciger

This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this  page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was merge and redirect to Byzantine art. Tony Sidaway|Talk 19:14, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Globus cruciger
This page was transwikied, Wiktionary:Transwiki:Globus cruciger, and now it's still pure dicdef. Doubt any potential for growth and I can't see any viable redirects: delete.--Dmcdevit 17:15, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep real things. Also, this could be expanded to discuss its history and usage, and if there were any real ones or they just existed on coins etc. Kappa 17:31, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * merge and redirect: could be an interesting tidbit to add to Roman Emperor or something like Byzantine art (whichever artistic period it's most closely associated with). Avocado 17:33, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Concur with that, merge, Radiant_* 22:26, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Hmm... I could have thought this one out better. I guess I see the merge reasoning, but I honestly thought that a redirect would be pointless as unless this object actually plays a noticeable part in the article it is redirected to, it is disorienting to the searcher. That's why I thought a redirect wouldn't accompish much, but I suppose there may be some reason. --Dmcdevit 23:08, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree that a redirect woudn't accomplish much, but it's better than a complete gap in wikipedia's coverage. Kappa 01:32, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I suppose that'll be fine, but I would want to make sure it redirects to an art page, maybe Byzantine art if it's the right place, because it would be much more relevant to art than Roman emperor. P.S.: I think you should change your catch phrase from "keep real things" to "keep tangible things," isn't that what you mean? :) --Dmcdevit 01:39, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to Byzantine art. Megan1967 04:30, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
User talk:D.W.Rowan

Possibly unfree Image:Sanquhar_Locator.png
An image that you uploaded or altered, Image:Sanquhar_Locator.png, has been listed at Possibly unfree images because its copyright status is disputed. If the image's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. You may find more information on the image description page. You are welcome to add comments to its entry at if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Videmus Omnia Talk  02:03, 3 October 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:D.W.Rowan


text:
User talk:Cdet

— Ilγαηερ   (Tαlκ)  17:15, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cdet


text:
New York State Route 25A

New York State Route 25A (NY 25A) is a state highway on Long Island in New York, United States. It serves as the main east–west route for most of the North Shore of Long Island, running for 73 mi from Interstate 495 (I-495) near the Queens–Midtown Tunnel in the New York City borough of Queens to NY 25 in Calverton, Suffolk County. The highway is a northern alternate route of NY 25, which follows a more inland routing along Jericho Turnpike.

The route is known for its scenic path through decidedly lesser-developed areas such as Brookville, Fort Salonga, Centerport, and Roslyn. It is known by various names along its routing, the most prominent of which include Northern Boulevard, North Hempstead Turnpike, Main Street, Fort Salonga Road, and North Country Road. It merges with NY 25 for approximately 1.5 mi in Smithtown.

Queens
NY 25A begins at I-495 exit 14—the second exit off the expressway—in Long Island City in the New York City borough of Queens. The route initially heads northward, following 21st Street for three blocks before turning northeast onto Jackson Avenue. Here, NY 25A widens from two to four lanes, a width that the road retains well into Nassau County. The highway serves the Long Island City Courthouse on its way to a junction with Queens Boulevard (NY 25) at the foot of the Queensboro Bridge. Here, the road changes names again, becoming Northern Boulevard. Unlike the first two names, the Northern Boulevard name extends for a considerable distance, remaining with NY 25A through the neighborhoods of Long Island City, Woodside, Jackson Heights, Corona, East Elmhurst, Flushing, Bayside, Douglaston and Little Neck. Northern Boulevard is the starting point of several prominent streets, such as Springfield Boulevard, Steinway Street, Roosevelt Avenue and Woodside Avenue.

As Northern Boulevard, NY 25A begins to follow a more easterly path, loosely paralleling the Sunnyside Yard to the south. NY 25A continues east into Woodside, and the Brooklyn–Queens Expressway (I-278) intersects with Northern Boulevard at the Woodside–Jackson Heights border. Northern Boulevard serves as the southern border for East Elmhurst from the Brooklyn-Queens Expressway to 114th Street. It also serves as the northern border for Jackson Heights and North Corona. NY 25A becomes a part of a large street grid and running along a linear alignment through Jackson Heights, Corona, and East Elmhurst. It eventually reaches Flushing Meadows-Corona Park, where the highway intersects with the Grand Central Parkway just northwest of Citi Field. NY 25A then proceeds east to Flushing, where it intersects the Whitestone Expressway (I-678).

Northern Boulevard continues through Flushing—where it was once known as Broadway—towards Bayside. The route travels generally easterly across Bayside, intersecting with the Clearview Expressway (I-295) along the way. Not far to the east, it crosses over the Cross Island Parkway at Alley Pond Park. Past the Cross Island Parkway, NY 25A goes through Douglaston and Little Neck before crossing the New York City line into Nassau County. The five-mile (8 km) stretch of Northern Boulevard stretching eastward from Flushing has been described as roughly coterminous with Koreatown, Queens.

Nassau County

NY 25A, still bearing the Northern Boulevard name, crosses into Nassau County at the Great Neck hamlet known as University Gardens. It winds its way around a steep curve in the Great Neck area before descending into Manhasset and the hamlet's Miracle Mile shopping area. The route continues eastward, intersecting with NY 101 and Nassau County Route 101 (Port Washington Boulevard and Searingtown Road, respectively) just south of Port Washington, in the villages of Flower Hill (on its north side) and Roslyn Estates (on its south side), ahead of a split in Northern Boulevard. Old Northern Boulevard, which once carried the NY 25A designation, is the old route, which passes through the village of Roslyn, whilst Northern Boulevard itself bypasses the village via. the Roslyn Viaduct, which carries NY 25A over Hempstead Harbor.

The old and new routes converge east of the viaduct at an interchange with Bryant Avenue, and Northern Boulevard heads northeastward through East Hills and Greenvale, where it intersects with Glen Cove Road. In Brookville, NY 25A passes the New York Institute of Technology and the C.W. Post Campus of Long Island University before intersecting with NY 107. Past this point, the route slowly curves back to the east ahead of a junction with NY 106 south of East Norwich. NY 25A's run as a four-lane road ends here, and the route becomes a simple two-lane country road. It briefly reverts to four lanes at Cold Spring Road, and the highway enters Suffolk County less than a mile (1.6 km) later.

Some discrepancy exists over NY 25A's street name in Nassau County, particularly regarding the eastern half of the county. While signage for Northern Boulevard exists as far east as Cold Spring Road, implying that Northern Boulevard extends from Queens to the Suffolk line, several businesses located between NY 107 and NY 106 give North Hempstead Turnpike as the highway's name. Additionally, an old, undated Hagstrom Map from the late 1940s indicates that the Turnpike name extends as far west as the Queens line.

Suffolk County
NY 25A makes a sharp northward turn just inside the county line at an intersection with NY 108. It travels through Cold Spring Harbor, where it is initially called Harbor Road, and then Main Street, before curving back to the east and heading into downtown Huntington. In the hamlet, the road widens to four lanes and is also known as Main Street. At an intersection with County Route 35 (CR 35) on the east side of Huntington, NY 25A narrows to two lanes once more and heads toward Centerport, where it becomes Fort Salonga Road. This name remains in place through Centerport, Northport and Fort Salonga to the vicinity of Sunken Meadow State Park. Just south of the park, NY 25A intersects with its first limited-access highway since the Cross Island Parkway in Queens when it encounters the northernmost exit on the Sunken Meadow State Parkway.

Past the parkway, the route changes names from Fort Salonga Road to Main Street as it enters Kings Park, home to the now-closed Kings Park Psychiatric Center. The similarly numbered New York State Bicycle Route 25A (NY Bike Route 25A) joins NY 25A here, switching from CR 11 to NY 25A at the former's east end in the center of the hamlet. NY 25A continues on an eastward track to San Remo (just east of Kings Park), where it makes a sharp southward turn at an intersection with St. Johnland Road in the center of the community. The route takes on the St. Johnland Road name and loosely parallels the Nissequogue River as it heads toward Smithtown. They cross just west of the Village of the Branch at the Smithtown Bull, where NY 25A intersects with its parent route. NY Bike Route 25A ends here; however, NY 25A continues east into the hamlet of Smithtown by way of an overlap with NY 25 along Jericho Turnpike.

The Jericho Turnpike name ends a short distance into the community at a junction with Edgewood Avenue, giving way to Main Street. The Main Street name continues into the adjacent Village of the Branch, where NY 25 and NY 25A split at an intersection that also serves as the northern terminus of NY 111. The latter route heads to the South Shore of Long Island while NY 25 continues eastward and NY 25A heads northeast toward St. James and Stony Brook as North Country Road. This section of NY 25A runs along the Port Jefferson Branch of the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) and is also mostly part of NY Bike Route 25, with occasional diversions. Along this stretch, NY 25A passes the Stony Brook Museum and Carriage House and Stony Brook University.

On the eastern edge of the Stony Brook campus, the route intersects with the north end of CR 97 (Nicolls Road). It continues on a generally northeasterly track to East Setauket, where it turns to head due east toward Port Jefferson. It enters the village as West Broadway, but turns south onto Main Street once the road reaches the harbor. NY 25A follows Main Street southeastward to Port Jefferson Station, home to the end of the LIRR's Port Jefferson Branch and NY 25A's junction with the north end of NY 112. At the latter, NY 25A makes a sharp turn to the east, heading through the hamlet on Hallock Avenue toward its intersection with NY 347 (Nesconset Highway). NY 347 ends here, and NY 25A briefly becomes a wider highway to match the width of the former road.

About 1 mi from NY 347, NY 25A intersects with CR 83 (Patchogue–Mount Sinai Road). From here, the road passes through Mount Sinai and Miller Place before splitting again to bypass Rocky Point. The old path of the road passes through the community while NY 25A veers south of the hamlet. They reconnect east of Rocky Point to continue toward Shoreham and an intersection with CR 46 (William Floyd Parkway) near Brookhaven State Park. NY 25A continues east for another 3 mi through Wading River to a fork in the road at Calverton National Cemetery, where the route veers southeast while Sound Avenue, the other leg of the fork, heads due east towards the North Fork of Long Island. NY 25A runs along the eastern edge of the cemetery and through part of the Brookhaven National Laboratory grounds before ending about 1.5 mi from the split at a junction with NY 25 in Calverton.

Origins
The route in Queens and Nassau County was originally an east–west Indian trail between the current town of North Hempstead and Flushing. Meanwhile, the original road in Suffolk County was realigned and straightened in several locations prior to becoming a state highway. The old route is now known as North Country Road from Port Jefferson Station to Sound Beach (formerly CR 20) and from Shoreham to Wading River. From Smithtown to Saint James, it is now Edgewood Avenue (itself once CR 87).

A handful of smaller, mostly local sections also exist. In Northport, the through road originally utilized Woodbine Avenue from Fort Salonga Road to Main Street and Bayview Avenue, and all of Main Street from there to Fort Salonga Road. In Setauket, it followed Main Street from Ridgeway Avenue and North Country Road to Old Town Road and current NY 25A. Finally, in Port Jefferson, the main road was initially East Broadway from Main Street and West Broadway to East Main Street, and East Main Street from there to the current Main Street.

Designation
All of modern NY 25A east of the New York City limits was originally designated as part of NY 25 in the mid-1920s. At the time, the section of Jericho Turnpike between New York City and Smithtown was state-maintained but unnumbered. It gained a designation c. 1927 when it was designated as NY 25A. By 1930, NY 25 was shifted southward onto its modern alignment between Smithtown and Riverhead while NY 25A was extended east over its former routing via Port Jefferson. In the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York, the alignments of NY 25 and NY 25A west of Smithtown were flipped, placing NY 25 on Jericho Turnpike and NY 25A on the more northerly route via Roslyn and Huntington.

NY 25A was one of several routes that was extended west into New York City in mid-December 1934 when the city signed routes within its limits for the first time. The route followed Northern Boulevard west across northern Queens to Queens Boulevard, which at the time carried NY 24 and NY 25. Here, NY 25A joined NY 24 and NY 25 across the Queensboro Bridge into Manhattan, where it followed 2nd Avenue and 57th Street for five blocks to meet NY 22 and NY 100 at Park Avenue. The extension into Manhattan was eliminated by 1952 when NY 25A was truncated to the intersection of Northern and Queens Boulevards. In the 1960s, NY 25A was extended southwestward along Jackson Avenue to meet the Long Island Expressway (I-495) just east of where it enters the Queens–Midtown Tunnel.

The east end of NY 25A was reconfigured c. 1931 to follow Sound Avenue across the north shore of Long Island from Wading River to Mattituck, where it rejoined NY 25. The former routing of NY 25A between Sound Avenue and NY 25 west of Riverhead went unnumbered until the early 1940s when it was re-designated as NY 254. NY 25A was moved back onto its original routing through the town of Riverhead in the early 1950s, supplanting NY 254 in the process.

Former sections
NY 25A has been realigned in several locations in order to bypass local streets or entire communities along its routing.

Old Northern Boulevard (Flower Hill–Roslyn)
The construction of the Roslyn Viaduct in the 1940s, for example, enabled traffic to flow more freely over Hempstead Harbor and keeping the historic community to the south preserved intact. The new route, known as the Roslyn Cut-Off, opened in 1949, and it bypasses the old alignment, which travels through the heart of Roslyn's downtown area. The old route through this area is now known as Old Northern Boulevard, and is located within the Villages of Flower Hill, Roslyn, and Roslyn Estates. Much of Old Northern Boulevard within the downtown area of the Village of Roslyn is also part of its own historic district.

Other former sections
Several smaller sections also exist:

 * Huntington: Old Northport Road between Woodruff Court and Huntington Crescent Club.
 * Centerport: between Little Neck Road (former CR 86) and Centershore Road.
 * Northport: between Troy Court and the driveway to Stonyhill Equestrian Center.
 * Fort Salonga: Old Route 25A from east of Sunken Meadow Road to east of Tanyard Place.
 * Smithtown: Realigned segment between John Street and Monroe Street, and again at the vicinity of Stone Gate Court.
 * Setauket: North Country Road from Bennet's Road to Ridgeway Avenue and Main Street; Ridgeway Avenue from there to current NY 25A.
 * Rocky Point: North Country Road from west of Rocky Point Landing Road to Woodville Road. The current alignment carries the designation NY 25A Bypass, with the former alignment designated as NY 25A Business.

Proposed bypasses
Several bypasses were planned for NY 25A by the New York State Department of Transportation. Only the Roslyn Viaduct and the Rocky Point Bypass were constructed; other attempts to realign the highway were cancelled as a result of public opposition. The projects were largely opposed out of fear that they would lower property values and bring more traffic jams and rampant development.

The proposed bypasses were: A similar proposal was made in 1968 when the Spinney Hill area near Whitney Pond was preparing to receive a slum clearance/urban renewal project. This proposal would have created a bypass between East Shore Road and Plandome Road.
 * Manhasset Bypass (also known as the Miracle Mile Bypass): from East Shore Road to Manhasset Woods Road, crossing Whitney Pond and Shelter Rock Road.   The proposal would have consisted of a four-lane or six-lane bypass south of the Miracle Mile, bypassing its western half, and would have cost approximately $5,000,000-$8,000,000 (1956 USD).  Approximately 10 homes in the South Strathmore subdivision would have been acquired through eminent domain, and would have also taken portions of property from two churches as well as from the Munsey Park School (and closing off one of its major exits). It also would have severed one of the South Strathmore subdivision's major entrances/exits.
 * North Shore Expressway (Lloyd Harbor–Kings Park): from Syosset–Cold Spring Road to Main Street, running mostly along Pulaski Road (CR 11).
 * Smithtown Bypass North (San Remo–Saint James): beginning at East Main Street, St. Johnland Road, and Rose Street, and ending somewhere in the vicinity of Edgewood Avenue (eastern intersection). Upon completion of this segment, NY 111 would have been extended to Saint James.
 * Setauket–Port Jefferson Station Bypass: beginning between North Country Road and Ridgeway Drive, and ending at NY 112 at Hallock Avenue. Upon completion of this segment, New York 112 was to be extended along Main Street to the Port Jefferson–Bridgeport Ferry. Instead, much of the right-of-way was converted into a bicycle trail.
 * Nugent Drive Extension: beginning at the intersection of NY 25A and Sound Avenue, it would have veered right before Hulse Landing Road (CR 54), then turned south to cross NY 25 east of its current terminus before finally reaching Edwards Avenue in Calverton north of the former railroad station. From there, it would have replaced Edwards Avenue and connected with the existing section southeast of exit 71 at the Long Island Expressway. Like the existing section of Nugent Drive, it was to be designated CR 94, and would have been concurrent with NY 25A from Wading River to CR 94A (Center Drive Spur), as well as NY 24. NY 25A would have ended at Main Street (NY 25) in Riverhead.

In popular culture
Northern Boulevard was mentioned in several episodes of Norman Lear's hit sitcoms All in the Family and Archie Bunker's Place – in addition to being the street on which several major locations in the show were located. Kelsey's Bar – the tavern which Archie Bunker frequented (and would eventually purchase and rename Archie Bunker's Place) – was one such location to be located on Northern Boulevard in the show. Another location was the first dry cleaning store opened by George Jefferson. The Bunker family's home at 704 Hauser Street – a fictitious street – was also said to be located off Northern Boulevard.

title: New York State Route 25A


text: Category:Danish explorers

title: Category:Danish explorers


text:
Brutal Juice

Brutal Juice is a self-proclaimed "acid punk" (LSD-influenced hardcore punk and progressive rock) band from Denton, Texas. The band formed in 1990 and officially disbanded in February 1997, although they held several reunion concerts between 1999 and 2012, which usually took place at Fry Street Fair in Denton. They officially reformed in 2012 and released their latest album, titled "Welcome to the Panopticon," on October 28, 2016. Brutal Juice still performs a few times a year, typically playing shows in the Dallas-Fort Worth metroplex, or in Austin.

History
The band was formed by singer/guitarist Gordon Gibson and drummer Ben Burt, who added classical/jazz-trained guitarist Ted Wood, and later Sam McCall (bass guitar, who had recorded the band's early demos prior to joining the group) after their first three bassists had come and gone, this lineup recording the How Tasty Was My Little Timmy? tape before Craig Welch joined, initially as a dancer, but soon becoming co-vocalist. They took the name Brutal Juice, which according to some sources was taken from a Hertz commercial featuring O. J. Simpson and Arnold Palmer, although promotional material supplied with the release of Mutilation Makes Identification Difficult claimed "they had the stupid name [Brutal Juice] before the stupid O. J. stuff".

Over the next two years the band released singles "Cannibal Holocaust" and "Black Moment Of Panic", and in 1994 they released the live album I Love the Way They Scream When They Die on Alternative Tentacles/Sound Virus.

The band's first studio album proper, Mutilation Makes Identification Difficult, was released in 1995 after the band had signed to Interscope Records. It was described by Patrick Kennedy in his Allmusic review as "a positively brilliant, sprawling construction of punk rock fury, prog mathematics, spacey, tripped out leads and effects, and densely churning metal riffs". Mark Jenkins, for The Washington Post, described the songs as "cannily structured and sometimes even catchy".

They were dropped by Interscope, and released the "All American City" single on the Man's Ruin label in June 1996, before splitting in 1997.

The band toured extensively throughout the 1990s, opening for bands such as Toadies, Gwar and Ed Hall. Brutal Juice also toured with Neurosis, Baboon,  Alice Donut, and The Meatmen.

Vocalist Craig Welch was known for his on-stage antics, often standing on his head and putting out cigarettes on his tongue or forehead during the band's performances. This habit led to his next band taking the name International Sparkdome.

Brutal Juice had a habit of writing songs that incorporate their album titles. Even their earliest recordings employed this. How Tasty Was My Little Timmy? is a line from the song "Cannibal Holocaust", which appears on their first release. Similarly, I Love the Way They Scream When They Die is a line from "Burpgun", which appears on the release that followed it. Likewise, Mutilation Makes Identification Difficult is a lyric from "Bound For Glory", which first appeared on a single that was released a year after the album with that title.

Jim Green, writing for Trouser Press, described the band's music as "like a steamroller massage but includes irregular time signatures and unusual chord progressions".

After the band dissolved in 1997, the members of Brutal Juice remained active in the music scene. Gordon Gibson and Ben Burt went on to form The Tomorrowpeople, along with ex-Toadies guitarist Darrel Herbert. Ben Burt also played in the bands Pinkston, Falkon, Jack With One Eye, and most recently Five Dollar Priest in New York City. Craig Welch played with International Sparkdome, Fabulous Badasses, Neeks, 2MAI, Wounded Infidel, The Banes, Dead Cow Mountain, FISK, Glitterature and now has his solo project Foolish2. Ted Wood played with Hand of Onan, The Banes, Clutch Cargo, Magnum Octopus, and Austin-based band Babydick (along with Sam McCall). Sam McCall also produced and recorded albums for other bands.

The band played several local shows from 2000 onwards, and formally reformed in 2012, and began to work on new material. Their most recent album, the David Icke-inspired Welcome to the Panopticon, was self-released in late 2016, described by Welch as "an acid-fueled excuse to turn amps to 11 and play with feedback loops", and by Michael Toland of the Austin Chronicle as "a distinctive mélange of fantastical indulgence and political commentary".

Wesley Willis wrote a song about Brutal Juice after seeing them perform in New York City. It appears on his 1996 album Fabian Road Warrior.

Band members

 * Craig Welch - lead vocals
 * Gordon Gibson - lead vocals, guitar
 * Sam McCall - bass
 * Ted Wood - guitar, vocals
 * Ben Burt - drums, vocals

Albums

 * How Tasty Was My Little Timmy? (1991), Homus Boyus
 * I Love the Way They Scream When They Die (1994), Alternative Tentacles
 * Mutilation Makes Identification Difficult (1995), Interscope
 * Welcome to the Panopticon (2016), Homus Boyus

Singles / E.P.s / demos

 * Brutal Juice (demo) (1992), Homus Boyus
 * "Cannibal Holocaust" (1992), Direct Hit
 * "Black Moment of Panic" (1993), Alternative Tentacles
 * "All American City" (1996), Man's Ruin

title: Brutal Juice


text:
Newcastle-under-Lyme School

Newcastle-under-Lyme School is a co-educational private day school in the town of Newcastle-under-Lyme in Staffordshire, England. It came about by a merger in 1981 of the old Newcastle High School (founded in 1874) with the Orme Girls' School (founded in 1876). Earlier predecessor boy's and girls schools date back over 400 years.

Present day
The school nowadays consists of nursery and preparatory departments, a senior school and a sixth form. It takes boys and girls from the ages of 3–18. The current Headmaster is Michael Getty.

The school belongs to the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference (HMC). It is one of the top 100 performing schools in England in terms of its A-level results, and managed record GCSE pass levels in 2020.

Controversy
The school recently constructed a new sports hall and was refused planning permission, this refusal came after objection from the council and nearby homeowners. However the school won the appeal and the council was ordered to pay for the cost of the appeal.

The cost of the facilities was provided by Denise Coates who owns Bet365. Objections from pupils surrounding the school taking funding from a betting company were ignored by the school and governors. This led to protest and outrage from the media and students.

Notable former pupils
In birth order:

 * William Watkiss Lloyd (1813–1893), writer and scholar
 * Alfred Webb-Johnson, 1st Baron Webb-Johnson (1880-1958), distinguished surgeon
 * T. E. Hulme (1883–1917), writer
 * George Wade (1891–1986), pottery manufacturer
 * Camilla Wedgwood (1901–1955), anthropologist
 * Frank Barlow (1911–2009), historian
 * Kenneth H. Roscoe (1914–1970), soil engineer
 * John Wain (1925–1994), writer, poet and academic
 * Peter G. "Spam" Hammersley CB OBE (1928–2020), Rear Admiral, Royal Navy
 * Clifford Boulton (1930–2015), parliamentary official
 * Rosemary O'Day, née Brookes, (born 1945), historian and author
 * David Taylor (1947–2001), humourist, editor of Punch magazine.
 * Alan Sinclair (born 1952), diabetologist and clinical scientist
 * Robert Sinclair MacKay (born 1956), mathematician
 * David J. C. MacKay (1967–2016), academic engineer
 * Andy Whittaker (born 1967), media entrepreneur
 * Roger Johnson (born 1970), TV newsreader
 * Sarah Willingham (born 1973), media entrepreneur
 * Dominic Burgess (born 1982), TV and film actor
 * Dan Robson (born 1992), rugby player for Wasps RFC and England
 * Geraint Vincent (living), TV journalist
 * Tom Wagg (born 1997), Astrophysicist

title: Newcastle-under-Lyme School


text:
User talk:Maniac~enwiki

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Maniac. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Maniac~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 01:18, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 15:51, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Maniac~enwiki


text:
Jiao

Jiao may refer to:

 * Horn (Chinese constellation), or Jiao (角宿), a Chinese constellation
 * Jiaolong, or Jiao (蛟), a Chinese dragon
 * Jiao (currency) (角), a unit of currency in China, one-tenth of a Chinese yuan or dollar
 * Jiao (surname) (焦), a Chinese surname
 * Jiao River (Shandong), in Shandong, China
 * Jiao River (Zhejiang), in Zhejiang, China
 * Jiao, a Chinese form of litter (vehicle)

Mythology

 * Lady Jiao, also known as Fubao

title: Jiao


text:
Walden inversion

Walden inversion is the inversion of a stereogenic center in a chiral molecule in a chemical reaction. Since a molecule can form two enantiomers around a stereogenic center, the Walden inversion converts the configuration of the molecule from one enantiomeric form to the other. For example, in an SN2 reaction, Walden inversion occurs at a tetrahedral carbon atom. It can be visualized by imagining an umbrella turned inside-out in a gale. In the Walden inversion, the backside attack by the nucleophile in an SN2 reaction gives rise to a product whose configuration is opposite to the reactant. Therefore, during SN2 reaction, 100% inversion of product takes place. This is known as Walden inversion.

It was first observed by chemist Paul Walden in 1896. He was able to convert one enantiomer of a chemical compound into the other enantiomer and back again in a so-called Walden cycle which went like this: (+) chlorosuccinic acid (1 in the illustration) was converted to (+) malic acid 2 by action of silver oxide in water with retention of configuration. In the next step the hydroxyl group was replaced by chlorine to the other isomer of chlorosuccinic acid 3 by reaction with phosphorus pentachloride. A reaction with silver oxide yielded (-) malic acid 4 and finally a reaction with PCl5 returned the cycle to its starting point.

 * Walden_inversion.png

In this reaction, the silver oxide in the first step acts as a hydroxide donor while the silver ion plays no role in the reaction. The intermediates are the carboxyl dianion A which gives an intramolecular nucleophilic substitution by the β-carboxylate anion to produce a four-membered β-lactone ring B. The α-carboxyl group is also reactive but in silico data suggests that the transition state for the formation of the three-membered α-lactone is very high. A hydroxyde ion ring-opens the lactone to form the alcohol C and the net effect of two counts of inversion is retention of configuration.

title: Walden inversion


text:
User:Maniac~enwiki

My name is Ajay Nair and I live and work in Mumbai, India!

title: User:Maniac~enwiki


text:
User talk:OutcastJiob

=A note from dpbsmith= Uh, I don't know that it matters, but...

...this is your user Talk page, which is where Wikipedians usually leave short-term messages for each other. When someone changes your Talk page, you get a "You have new messages" notice. Your user page proper is OutcastJiob. Wikipedians typically use their user page as a sort of personal bulletin board. You might want to put it the Trick'd Out blurb there instead of here. Oh, and by the way:

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome!
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Dpbsmith (talk) 20:56, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:OutcastJiob


text: Category:Hungarian explorers

title: Category:Hungarian explorers


text: Category:German stage actors

title: Category:German stage actors


text:
File:ArRaqqahMicheleb.jpg

Micheleb, a district of Ar Raqqah.

More images of Syria are available on www.zeledi.com, my web site. Check out the following direct links:
 * A collection of pictures shot in 2003 in various places in Syria.
 * A picture gallery about a 2005 trip in Syria.

Being the creator of this work I hereby publish it under the following licenses: Creative Commons, Some Rights Reserved --Zelidar 20:30, 1 March 2006 (UTC)--Zelidar 06:16, September 4, 2005 (UTC)

title: File:ArRaqqahMicheleb.jpg


text:
Newcastle-under-Lyme College

Newcastle College is further education college in Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire, England.

Providing a wide range of academic, vocational and apprenticeship qualifications from entry to degree level, along with the support services to help learners achieve their goals. The College has grown significantly over the past 10 years and is currently home to a population of over 8,000 students studying full-time, part-time, higher education and apprenticeship programmes.

In January 2010, the College, based on Knutton Lane, Newcastle-under-Lyme, opened its new £65 million campus. Included on campus is a Sports Centre, Skills and Technology Centre, University Centre and Lego® Education Innovation Studio. In 2014, a purpose built £5.5 million Performing Arts Centre was built alongside the main campus.

In 2016, Newcastle Under-Lyme College and Stafford College merged to form Newcastle and Stafford Colleges Group, and in 2019 the newly formed group became the first college in England to be rated Outstanding by Ofsted in every performance criteria of the reformed Education Inspection Framework.

Newcastle College offers higher education courses in partnership with Staffordshire University. Subjects offered at HNC/HND and Foundation Degree-level are increasing and current information can be obtained from the College or its website. Currently, higher education courses include subjects such as: Business. Fashion, Computing, Performing Arts, Music, Early Childhood Studies/Education, Engineering, Health & Social Care, Digital Content Creation, Travel and Tourism, Sport and Public Services.

History
The college was formed as a tertiary college in 1986. However, the term "general further education" college better describes its business. In May 2016 the college announced its intention to merge with Stafford College, which is based in the county town and was previously rated inadequate by Ofsted. Newcastle-under-Lyme is a North Staffordshire town with a population of 123,100, although the conurbation of Stoke-on-Trent and Newcastle-under-Lyme, together with the Staffordshire Moorlands, accounts for a population of more than 500,000 and it is from this wider catchment area that the College draws the majority of its students.

Notable former students

 * Pete Bebb, Academy Award winning special effects artist for Inception
 * Charlotte Salt, TV actress in Casualty

title: Newcastle-under-Lyme College


text:
LMS diesel shunters

The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) pioneered the use of diesel shunting locomotives in Great Britain. The variety of experimental and production diesel shunters produced by the LMS is summarised below.

5519 renumbered ZM9
This was an 0-4-0 diesel mechanical shunting locomotive built by Hudswell Clarke for the Crewe Works Narrow-gauge railway in 1930. It was the first diesel locomotive supplied to a major UK railway. It had a McLaren-Benz 2-cylinder engine of 20 hp at 800 rpm. It was transferred to Horwich Works in 1935. It was renumbered ZM9 by British Railways and survived until 1957.

1831
This was the first experimental, standard-gauge shunter, nominally rebuilt from a Midland Railway steam locomotive in 1932 (originally built in September 1892 by the Vulcan Foundry). The rebuild therefore inherited the same number (1831), although little of the steam locomotive was actually re-used. 1831 was not successful, but it did provide useful data for the further development of the diesel shunter design. It was withdrawn from service in September 1939 and converted to a mobile power unit, emerging in its new guise as MPU3 in November 1940. It was scrapped in the 1950s (sources vary as to exactly when).

7400–7408 later renumbered 7050–7058
A further nine prototype locomotives were built 1932-1935 by a variety of manufacturers. These were built allocated the number series 7400–7408. These were allocated the number series 7400–7408, but the LMSR soon realised that this number range was too limited for the number of production diesel shunters that were anticipated, and a new number series commencing with number 7050 was used. Only 7050–7053/7058 carried their original numbers (7400–7403/7408), and they were all renumbered in November/December 1934, some before they had actually entered service. For detailed information see the main articles:
 * LMS diesel shunter 7050
 * LMS diesel shunter 7051
 * LMS diesel shunter 7052
 * LMS diesel shunter 7053
 * LMS diesel shunter 7054
 * LMS diesel shunters 7055/6
 * LMS diesel shunter 7057
 * LMS diesel shunter 7058

7059–7068
These were 0-6-0 diesel-electric shunters built by Armstrong Whitworth in 1936.

7069–7129 later renumbered 12000–12042
Details of the four classes allocated numbers in this range are included on other pages, as follows:
 * 7069–7078 / 12000–12001 : British Rail Class D3/6, twin motor
 * 7079 / 12002 : British Rail Class D3/6, twin motor
 * 7080–7119 / 12003–12032 : British Rail Class D3/7, single motor, jackshaft drive
 * 7120–7129 / 12033–12042 : British Rail Class D3/8 (Later TOPS Class 11), twin motor

NB: Production of the last-mentioned class continued after Nationalisation, with the following two locomotives emerging as M7130 and M7131 (later 12043/12044) and the remainder carrying BR numbers 12045–12138 from new. Although allocated TOPS Class 11, none of these locomotives were renumbered. When 12082 was re-registered for use on the mainline, it was allocated TOPS number 01553 in the ex-industrial registered shunters list.

Departmental 2 later renumbered ED1
This locomotive was very similar to the Great Western Railway's diesel locomotive number 1.

Trial locomotives
The LMS used a number of locomotives on loan from their manufacturers for trials. These locomotives were not allocated LMS numbers, and details of their use and disposal are sketchy. Such locomotives included:

 * Vulcan – a diesel-mechanical 0-6-0 shunter built at the Vulcan Foundry, Newton-le-Willows, in 1936. It had a Vulcan-Frichs 6-cylinder 275 hp diesel engine. After loan to the LMS, it was used by the War Department, which numbered it 75 (later 70075). Following the end of World War II, it found industrial use in Yugoslavia.
 * (Unnumbered) – an Armstrong-Whitworth/Sulzer shunter built in 1932, which was an earlier version of the LMS's own 7408/7058. This locomotive was also loaned to the London and North Eastern Railway for trials.

title: LMS diesel shunters


text:
User talk:Pezzin

Welcome!

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Happy editing! Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 17:23, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Image:Ferruccio Lamborghini small.jpg
You need to cite the copyright status of this image or someone may put it up for deletion. And BTW - Welcome aboard. hydnjo talk 18:31, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Ferruccio Lamborghini small.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Ferruccio Lamborghini small.jpg. However, the image may soon be deleted unless we can determine the copyright holder and copyright status. The Wikimedia Foundation is very careful about the images included in Wikipedia because of copyright law (see Wikipedia's Copyright policy).

The copyright holder is usually the creator, the creator's employer, or the last person who was transferred ownership rights. Copyright information on images is signified using copyright templates. The three basic license types on Wikipedia are open content, public domain, and fair use. Find the appropriate template in Image copyright tags and place it on the image page like this:.

Please signify the copyright information on any other images you have uploaded or will upload. Remember that images without this important information can be deleted by an administrator. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me. Thank you. Shyam ( T / C ) 22:51, 11 March 2006 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of "Denny Pezzin"
A page you created, Denny Pezzin, has been tagged for deletion, as it meets one or more of the criteria for speedy deletion; specifically, it is about a person or group of people, but it does not indicate how they are important or significant, and thus why they should be included in an encyclopedia. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, and the guidelines for biographies in particular.

You are welcome to contribute content which complies with our content policies and any applicable inclusion guidelines. However, please do not simply re-create the page with the same content. You may also wish to read our introduction to editing and guide to writing your first article.

Thank you.  Ic sea tur tles  ★ 06:06, 13 June 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pezzin


text:
User talk:Existent80

Kinzua Viaduct picture
Did you take the picture shown on the Kinzua Bridge State Park? I was going to mark it as, but it looks like it was taken with a digital camera. Thunderbrand 17:47, July 27, 2005 (UTC)

Hi. Not really sure why you responded on my talk page, but it shouldn't really matter how you took the picture. The main thing it needs is a tag indicating how you are releasing it (Image copyright tags), whether public domain, or GFDL , or something more restrictive. If it's PD or GFDL, you might consider uploading it to Commons, so all Wikipedia languages and sister projects can use it more readily. Here's an example of a GFDL image I uploaded to Commons Image:AmericanRobinChicksInNest_1.jpg. Niteowlneils 00:55, 4 August 2005 (UTC)

HELP US MAKING THE PROJECT OF ANCIENT GREEK WIKIPEDIA
We are the promoters of the Wikipedia in Ancient Greek. we need your help, specially for write NEW ARTICLES and the TRANSLATION OF THE MEDIAWIKI INTERFACE FOR ANCIENT GREEK, for demonstrating, to the language subcommittee, the value of our project.

Thanks a lot for your help. Ἡ Οὐικιπαιδεία needs you! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.40.197.5 (talk) 19:55, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Re: Kinzua Viaduct
Yes, I think a redirect should be sufficient for now (and I've created one a moment ago). slambo 18:28, August 20, 2005 (UTC)

Latin?
Hello! I saw you listed as one of our rare users who are good at Latin. Would you be willing to help translating a bit of text from English into Latin? Let me know please. Yours, Radiant_ >|< 09:49, August 24, 2005 (UTC)

Hi, I might be interested. What sort of text? Existent80 19:41, August 25, 2005 (UTC)

Guess who??
you actually scared me for a minute. this place can be a bit intimidating sometimes... so i'm always a bit cautious of persons I speak with. thanks for the note and the card. gratias ago. --rkstaylor 13:54, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Native Latin speakers?
Greetings, fellow Latinist. If you have second, please cast your two cents in on the discussion of a category for native Latin speakers who are also Wikipedians. --Flex 13:04, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Translation from Latin
Do you think you can do a translation of the following text? We need this for Talk:Ancient Greek phonology. We have already two translations who contradict each other. The question is what Glareanus told Erasmus about the native Greeks he met in Paris; did they pronounce beta as Beta or as Vita? We would appreaciate an expert opinion. Thank you. Andreas 01:42, 23 November 2005 (UTC)

Ac Erasmus quidem quâ occasione ad scribendum de rectâ pronunciatione fuerit impulsus, paucis cognitum arbitror. Itaque visum hâc de adjicere, quod in schedâ quadam habeo, scriptâ olim manu Henrici Coracopetræi, viri egregiè docti, doctisque perfamiliaris. Ea ita habet: ‘Audivi M. Rutgerum Reschium, professorem Linguæ Græcæ in Collegio Buslidiano apud Lovanienses, meum piæ memoriæ præceptorem, narrantem, se habitâsse in Liliensi pædagogio unà cum Erasmo, plus minus biennio eo superius, se inferius cubiculum obtinente: Henricum autem Glareanum Parisiis Lovanium venisse, atque ab Erasmo in collegium vocatum fuisse ad prandium: quò cùm venisset, quid novi adferret interrogatum, dixisse (quod in itinere commentus erat, quòd sciret Erasmum plus satis rerum novarum studiosum, ac mirè credulum) quosdam in Græciâ natos Lutetiam venisse, viros ad miraculum doctos; qui longè aliam Græci sermonis pronunciationem usurparent, quàm quæ vulgò in hisce partibus recepta esset. Eos nempe sonare pro B vita, BETA: pro H ita, ETA: pro ai æ, AI: pro OI I, OI: & sic in cæteris. Quo audito, Erasmum paulò pòst conscripsisse Dialogum de rectâ Latini Græcique sermonis pronunciatione, ut videretur hujus rei ipse inventor, & obtulisse Petro Alostensi, typographo, imprimendum: qui cùm, fortè aliis occupatus, renueret; aut certè se tam citò excudere, quàm ipse volebat, non posse diceret; misisse libellum Basileam ad Frobenium, a quo mox impressus in lucem prodiit. Verùm Erasmum, cognitâ fraude, nunquam eâ pronunciandi ratione postea usum; nec amicis, quibuscum familiariter vivebat, ut eam observarent, præcepisse. In ejus rei fidem exhibuit M. Rutgerus ipsius Erasmi manuscriptam in gratiam Damiani à Goes Hispani pronunciationis formulam (cujus exemplar adhuc apud me est) in nullo diversam ab eâ, quâ passim docti & indocti in hac linguâ utuntur’. Henricus Coracopetræus Cuccensis. Neomagi. CI I LXIX. pridie Simonis & Iudæ.

Yes, sure, I'll get to this over the weekend. Existent80 16:15, 23 November 2005 (UTC)
 * We have now a good translation, so if you wish you could check it and see if you agree with it. Andreas 01:11, 26 November 2005 (UTC)

Page for deletion
Revolution within the form and Cretan/Spartan connection is up for deletion. Can I ask for a vote to "Transwiki". Thanks.WHEELER 23:56, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

Ancient Greek Wikisource
I understand from your userboxes you're interested in Ancient Greek. I've submitted a proposal to add an Ancient Greek Wikisource on Meta, and I'd be very grateful if you could assist me by either voting in Support of the proposal, or even adding your name as one of the contributors in the template. (NB: I'm posting this to a lot of people, so please reply to my talkpage or to Meta) --Nema Fakei 20:16, 24 May 2006 (UTC)

Help?
Hi there.

Due to reasons unbeknownst to myself, a friend wants the Rousseau quote "Man is born free, but everywhere he is in chains." tattooed on himself in Latin. Yes, I know, anyone else would get it in the original French, and anyone in the know will be baffled by his bizarre choice. However, to each their own- and I have been enlisted to find out what it is in Latin. Would you be able to assist?

Thanks, sars 16:28, 4 September 2007 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of List of English copulae

The article List of English copulae has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * lists of words are not an encyclopedic topic

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Chris Cunningham (user:thumperward) (talk) 10:42, 11 June 2012 (UTC)

title: User talk:Existent80


text:
Incident at Loch Ness

Incident at Loch Ness is a 2004 mockumentary starring, produced by and written by Werner Herzog and Zak Penn, while also serving as the latter's directorial debut. The small cast film follows Herzog and his crew (Gabriel Beristain, Russell Williams II) while working on the production of a movie project on the Loch Ness Monster titled Enigma of Loch Ness. Incident at Loch Ness won the New American Cinema Award at the 2004 Seattle International Film Festival.

Plot
After a mysterious shot of a body floating in Loch Ness (reprised near the end), Incident at Loch Ness flashes back to the beginning of a documentary called Herzog in Wonderland being directed by John Bailey with an overview of Herzog's work as he himself begins work for a separate documentary to be called Enigma of Loch Ness, in which he is exploring the Loch Ness Monster myth. Throughout the film, Herzog asserts the Loch Ness Monster is merely a creation of a collective psychological need in society.

As the film continues, Herzog hosts a dinner party to kick off film production. In attendance are his wife (Lena Herzog), several Hollywood celebrities (actors Jeff Goldblum, Ricky Jay, and Crispin Glover and editor Pietro Scalia), and the film's crew. Difficulties begin to arise as the untested producer, Zak Penn, attempts to transform Herzog's film into a high-grossing blockbuster. In this attempt, Penn commits several Hollywood clichés such as hiring a beautiful woman (Kitana Baker) for a dubious role as a sonar operator and a delusional cryptozoologist (Michael Karnow) for comic relief.

As the shooting progresses, the tension between Herzog and Penn escalates with each revelation that Penn is acting in an underhanded manner. First, it becomes quite apparent the producer has commissioned a fake "Nessie" to be used. Then both Kitana and Karnow are revealed to be actors hired by Penn.

In a twist of events, when Herzog and his crew are working on their film, the crew begins to see what appears truly to be the Loch Ness Monster. Herzog and crew become more and more concerned as first the boat's motor fails and then the "monster" appears to be attacking the vessel in a deepening fog. The crew huddles below decks until the monster returns again to ram the boat hard enough to cause it to begin to sink. Karnow is thrown overboard during another attack, "Nessie" now clearly visible to the crew. Karnow is lost in the fog and presumably eaten by the monster. After Penn and the assistant director (Robert O'Meara), sneak away in the liferaft, Herzog decides to put on the ship's sole wetsuit and swim to shore for help. Before he can do so, however, "Nessie" returns to finally sink the ship. While holding a camera in a water-resistant housing, Herzog captures underwater images of a large creature passing him in the murky, dark water.

The next day, Penn is found by vacationers and leads them back to recover all but O'Meara and Karnow, who are presumed dead. At this point, it appears that both the documentary film we have been watching and the documentary film we were watching Herzog make could be fictitious. However, this never becomes completely obvious, and the film ends without making it clear exactly who is duping whom.

Cast

 * Werner Herzog as himself
 * Kitana Baker as herself
 * Gabriel Beristain as himself
 * Russell Williams II as himself
 * David A. Davidson as himself
 * Michael Karnow as himself
 * Robert O'Meara as himself
 * Zak Penn as himself
 * Steven Gardner as himself
 * Adrian Shine as himself
 * John Bailey as Herzog's Crew In Wonderland
 * Matthew Nicolay as Herzog's Crew In Wonderland
 * Tanja Koop as Herzog's Crew In Wonderland
 * Marty Signore as Herzog's Crew In Wonderland
 * Crispin Glover as Party Guest
 * Jeff Goldblum as Party Guest
 * Lena Herzog as Party Guest
 * Ricky Jay as Party Guest
 * Pietro Scalia as Party Guest
 * Jenno Topping as Party Guest
 * Stephen A. Marinaccio as Propmaster
 * Michael Scott-Law as Angry Man At Bar

Production
The entire movie is actually a mockumentary film-within-a-film-within-a-film invented by Penn. The ruse is revealed in Easter eggs hidden on the DVD. Penn wrote what he calls a "scriptment" (part script, part treatment) that outlined the specific structure of the film and including key dialogue that was needed in order to advance the plot, but left most of the dialogue and interaction up to the participants to work out as improvisation.

As shown on the DVD, the "hoax" was on even before photography started as several media outlets announced the upcoming production as an actual film. Adding to the verisimilitude is the fact that everyone who appears on screen is a real person and most are in fact who they say they are. For example, DP Gabriel Beristain and soundman Russell Williams II are well-known, distinguished professionals who did work on the productions they respectively name on screen.

Critical reaction
Incident at Loch Ness scored a rating of 62% on Rotten Tomatoes based on 47 reviews. It also received a score of 62 on Metacritic based on 20 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Critic Roger Ebert enjoyed the film, giving it 3 stars out of 4, saying: "Watching the movie is an entertaining exercise in forensic viewing, and the insidious thing is, even if it is a con, who is the conner and who is the connee?" Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times called it: "an amusing mock documentary that spends considerable energy artfully trying to make you believe it's real as real can be."

title: Incident at Loch Ness


text: Category:French spationauts

title: Category:French spationauts


text:
John Spenser

John Spenser (1559–1614) was an English academic, president of Corpus Christi College, Oxford.

Life
He was educated at Merchant Taylors' School, London, and Temple Beth-El.

After graduating he became Greek reader in Corpus Christi College, and held that office for ten years, resigning in 1588. He then left Oxford and held successively the livings of Aveley, Essex (1589–1592), Ardleigh, Essex (1592–1594), Faversham, Kent (1594–1599), and St Sepulchre-without-Newgate London (1599–1614). He was also presented to the living of Broxbourne, Hertfordshire, in 1592.

In 1607 he was appointed president of Corpus Christi College.

Works
After the death of his friend Richard Hooker he edited the first five books of Hooker's Ecclesiastical Politie (London, 1604). The introduction to that work and A Sermon at Paule's Crosse on Esay V., 2, 3 (London, 1615) are his only published writings. He was also one of the translators of the Authorized Version of the Bible, serving on the New Testament committee.

title: John Spenser


text:
Ovington, Norfolk

Ovington is a civil parish in the English county of Norfolk. It covers an area of 6.44 km2 and had a population of 239 in 92 households at the 2001 census, increasing to a population of 256 in 101 households at the 2011 Census. It is in the district of Breckland.

Ovington is represented by the Saham Toney ward of Breckland District Council and the Watton Division of Norfolk County Council.

History
The village name means 'Farm/settlement connected with Ufa'. Ovington came under Saham at the time of the 1086 Domesday Book but by 1202 was established as a separate manor, held by Roger Bozun. It stayed in the Bozun family until the mid 16th century, and it latterly became the property of the University of Cambridge.

The Church of St John the Evangelist is a Grade II* listed building, dating from about 1300, and restored in 1867. The records of rectors start in 1304.

The former Crown public house and former Methodist Chapel are now private residences.

Clubs
The long established ladies' group, gardener's and bowls clubs are active in Ovington. More recently an Allotment Association has been formed cultivating land behind the church.

Fairs
Ovington holds a Christmas Bazaar in the Village Hall and a summer fete in the grounds surrounding the hall.

title: Ovington, Norfolk


text:
Kilmartin

Kilmartin (Cille Mhàrtainn, meaning "church of Màrtainn" ) is a small village in Argyll and Bute, western Scotland. It is best known as the centre of Kilmartin Glen, an area with one of the richest concentrations of prehistoric monuments and historical sites in Scotland. It contains over 800 monuments within a 6 mi radius. It is home to Kilmartin Museum and the Kilmartin Hotel.

Kilmartin Parish Church
Kilmartin Parish Church is a congregation of the Church of Scotland. The present church building was designed by architect James Gordon Davis and opened in 1835, though there had been earlier churches on the site. The churchyard has an important collection of early Christian and medieval carved stones, known as the Kilmartin Stones. Some are displayed within the parish church itself, others have been gathered into lapidaria within the graveyard, others still remain lying within it.

The two most important monuments are the Kilmartin crosses, one 9th–10th century, the other late medieval in date, within the church. In the churchyard are a large collection of late medieval gravestones in the 'West Highland' style, dating between the 14th and early 16th centuries. Many are marked by figures of warriors in contemporary dress with spears and swords, along with figures of fantastic animals, foliage and interlace patterns. None are inscribed, so the identities of the persons commemorated are unknown. They can, however, be taken to be the monuments of the local landowning or minor noble class in late medieval times. Kilmartin Church was evidently an important burial site, and the graveslabs of the 'Loch Awe school' of carving may have been carved in a workshop at or near Kilmartin. The swords shown on many of the stones refer to warrior (or, more broadly, social) status, and have no connection with the Templars or other medieval military orders, as is sometimes suggested. Women are commemorated on some of the stones, their symbol often being the shears (referring to household activities).

John Duncanson (c.1630–1687) served as the Church of Scotland minister at Kilmartin between 1655-1662 and again between 1670-1684. He was removed in 1662 when episcopacy was re-established, but his appointment was restored in 1670. His son Major Robert Duncanson was a key figure in the 1692 Glencoe Massacre. Kilmartin Church has been decommissioned and is now in private ownership.

Kilmartin Museum
Kilmartin Museum interprets the Neolithic monuments of Kilmartin Glen and the surrounding area for visitors, and has a selection of excavated artifacts of various periods. It is located within the village in a group of converted buildings. The Museum has a book and gift shop and a café which serves locally sourced freshly prepared meals. It is recently (2024) reopened after refurbishment to an excellent standard, placing the local items into the local landscape-story.

Kilmartin Castle
Kilmartin Castle, a small 'Z-plan' tower house, dating from about 1580, stands above the village. Kilmartin was a property of the Campbells, many of whom are buried in the churchyard. John Carswell, Rector of Kilmartin and later titular Bishop of the Isles, lived here before moving to his new residence at Carnasserie Castle. The castle comprises an oblong, three-storey main block, with round towers to the north-east and south-west corners, as well as a small stair tower in the west front. Formerly ruined, it has been restored as a private house in recent years. Shot holes and iron yetts over the windows have been retained.

The village also has a hotel and public toilets.

Kilmartin Glen
Kilmartin Glen is the location of several important Neolithic, Bronze Age and Iron Age sites, including Temple Wood (a henge monument), several burial cairns, chambered cairns, standing stones and cup and ring marked rocks.

Kilmartin's is one of the finest concentrations of prehistoric sites in Scotland, and almost all are within an easy walk of the roads which criss-cross the valley. One of the burial cairns has been rebuilt, with access through an opening in the top down stairs to the base of the cairn and a stone burial cist. The two stone circles in Temple Wood have also been re-erected by archaeologists.

Carnasserie Castle stands a little north of Kilmartin, and is in the care of Historic Environment Scotland. It was built by Bishop John Carswell of Argyll between 1565 and 1572, acquired on his death by his patron the Earl of Argyll then sold in 1643 to Sir Dugald Campbell, 3rd Baronet of Auchinbreck. It was blown up by government forces when his successor Duncan Campbell participated in the failed 1685 Argyll's Rising and never repaired. Largely complete, though roofless, its architecture is notably refined and includes much Renaissance ornamental detail.

Also within Kilmartin parish is the important Iron Age and early medieval hill-fort of Dunadd, one of the major centres of the kingdom of Dál Riata. It is also in the care of Historic Environment Scotland. Kilmartin has throughout history been considered one of the poorer and more destitute areas of Scotland.

Moine Mhòr
The Moine Mhòr encompasses a large area of raised bog, saltmarsh, brackish grassland, alder carr, fen and woodland to the west of Kilmartin. The variety of habitats at Moine Mhòr provide important habitats for a variety of animal and plant species, and the area was declared a national nature reserve (NNR) in 1987. It is owned and managed by NatureScot. According to NatureScot lowland raised bogs like Moine Mhòr are some of the rarest and most threatened natural wildlife habitats in Europe, due to removal of peat, afforestation and reclamation of farmland.

title: Kilmartin