text:
Pico Turquino

Pico Turquino, sometimes erroneously spelled as Pico Torquino, is the highest point in Cuba. It is located in the southeast part of the island, in the Sierra Maestra mountain range in the municipality of Guamá, Santiago de Cuba Province. It is the only place in Cuba where snowfall has been officially recorded, which last fell in February 1900.

Etymology
The name is believed to be a corruption of the phrase for "turquoise peak", so-named for its apparent blue hues seen by the heights in certain views.

History
The peak was first mentioned (under the name "Tarquino") on a map drawn by Geert de Kremer in the late 16th century. The first documented ascent of the peak was in 1860 by Fred W. Ramsden, a twenty-year-old Englishman then living in Santiago de Cuba. The climb was not widely publicized at the time. In 1915 the Swedish botanist Erik Leonard Ekman climbed the mountain and speculated that he was probably the first person to have done so. The following year, in response, Ramsden's son published a letter his father had written to his own mother describing the original ascent.

A bust of José Martí sculpted by Jilma Madera was placed on the peak in 1953 to celebrate his centenary.

Fidel Castro and his soldiers summitted the peak in 1957 during their insurgency. According to Che Guevara, Castro's second-in-command, the mountain had an "almost mystical significance" to the revolutionaries, chiefly due to it being the highest point in Cuba.

Conservation
Turquino National Park is established on a 229.38 km2 area around the peak.

title: Pico Turquino


text:
Bonfire (band)

Bonfire (originally Cacumen) is a German hard rock/heavy metal band, founded by Hans Ziller in Ingolstadt in 1972. In 1986, based on the advice of the record company and the management, the band changed its name to Bonfire. Original founder Ziller is still in the band and is the only one who has the rights to the Bonfire name.

Cacumen (1972–1986)
In 1972, in the Bavarian town of Ingolstadt the teenaged guitarist Hans Ziller, put together a rock band called Cacumen with his guitarist brother Karl and gathered a bunch of friends to complete the band. The name of the group was taken from a school test Hans had done and it translates from Latin as "the top of a mountain". For the next six years, the band played in small local venues, but formed a fan base in their hometown. In 1978, the group consisted of Hans and Karl on guitars, Horst Maier on guitar (in 1983, Maier's last name would become Maier-Thorn), Hans Hauptmann on bass and Hans Forstner on drums. When the band started searching for a replacement singer, Claus Lessmann, a fellow student of Hans', was hired.

Lessmann previously had performed in the bands Ginger and Sunset and was known for his harmonic vocals and he fit in perfectly with Cacumen. With this line-up, the band had a chance to start branching out to venues outside Ingolstadt. The band recorded a single in 1979 called "Riding Away", which featured the song "Wintertale" on the flip side. The group used this opportunity to begin touring in clubs, schools and even in parking lots. The fan base grew and Cacumen was finally signed to an independent label. By then though, Karl Ziller had departed the group. The self-titled Cacumen album was released in 1981 and featured a new version of "Riding Away".

Eventually, Cacumen got in contact with Hanns Schmidt-Theissen, who owned a small music studio. Schmidt-Theissen had played with the group on the "Riding Away" single and was supporting the band at live venues on keyboards. Since money was poor and Schmidt-Theissen was willing to help, they recorded the album Bad Widow at his studio in Rodgau, Germany in 1982. Schmidt-Theissen helped the group to get a contract, and was successful at the time.

Meanwhile, the fan base of the band was growing as was the number of performance dates. In 1983, Robert Prskalowicz replaced Hans Hauptmann on bass and this group became the best-known Cacumen formation, but when they signed with BMG, the group had had a total make-over. Prskalowicz and Hans Forstner were no longer with the group as of March 1985. They departed because they could not commit to the group full-time and were replaced with Joerg Deisinger on bass, previously from Rascal and Dynasty, while Dominik Hülshorst from Darxon became the new drummer. The band updated also their image, donning the standard look of an 80s hard rock group. Finally, the company requested a name change, as they found Cacumen was too hard for the average customer to pronounce and not a very marketable name. After a brain storming session, the new name selected was Bonfire, which came into effect in May 1986.

Bonfire, the first coming (1986–1994)
Bonfire's worldwide debut album was released in June 1986 with the title Don't Touch the Light. During the recording of the follow-up album in May 1987, Hülshorst was fired due to musical differences and Bonfire proceeded to release their next album Fireworks as a quartet, with the drums played by Ken Mary from the American heavy metal band Fifth Angel. Two versions of this album exist, the worldwide version and the North American version, which cover features the four members and contains the song "You Make Me Feel" from the first album.

Between the second and third albums, Bonfire went through many changes. Although Tommy Wagner filled the drum kit for a TV spot, the band needed a new full-time drummer, which appeared in December 1987, when Edgar Patrik from Sinner, Samson and Tyran Pace joined. In July 1988, during the Fireworks Tour, Maier had to leave due to his rheumatism becoming too much of a crippling factor to play guitar and be on stage. Taking his spot in August was Angel Schleifer, formerly of Doc Savage, Red Alert, Sinner, Mad Max, Pretty Maids and Helter Skelter. The tour went on and once it was completed, the band settled down to collaborate for a new album. It was then that Hans Ziller had problems with the record company and the band's management due in part to his family commitments at the time. Against the band's better decisions, he was fired from the group for not having his focus on the band and in June 1989 and Bonfire carried on as a quartet. Bonfire's first two albums were the only ones released commercially in North America.

Despite the business decision, Lessmann and Ziller maintained a great friendship. When Ziller formed his own group, Lessmann was asked to write songs as well as perform vocals. The record company's policy did not allow him to do so, leaving Ziller the task to find a replacement singer for his new band, EZ Livin'.

The decision to remove Ziller from Bonfire began to show on Lessmann, who had remained in the band. After many attempts to break through in the North American scene and what he thought was a disappointing fourth album, Lessmann left the band on 25 September 1992. His announcement was not a total shock to the rest of the band, but it did leave them with the dilemma of who would take his place. One vocalist that had the group's attention was Michael Bormann, who was singing for Letter X and had his own side-group called Jaded Heart. Moreover, he was previously in High Voltage and the J.R. Blackmore Group. Even though he was willing to sing with Bonfire, he was committed to his other two projects so the group continued looking. The unsuccessful attempt to find a full-time vocalist led to Bormann becoming the new frontman of Bonfire in March 1993. Although he did leave Letter X, he maintained his band Jaded Heart.

Despite the new singer, Bonfire were in a rut now. Their record company refused to release any new material that did not have Lessmann singing and the years of grunge music had started. The band felt that the end was in sight and released a live album featuring concert recordings from the Point Blank Tour with Lessmann on vocals. The album Bormann had sung on was shelved (but later released as a bootleg called Bonfire - End of an Era Demos) and Bonfire performed for the last time on 29 July 1994 without officially breaking up.

Claus & Hans - Lessmann/Ziller to Ex (1992–1996)
While Bonfire was trying to carry on with their new lead vocalist, Lessmann and Ziller reunited in 1992 to form the project Lessmann/Ziller, after Hans Ziller had disbanded EZ Livin'. In 1993, they released the German sung EP Glaub dran. The EP was followed by a few single releases of songs that were not on the initial recording. The project had limited success, not as was initially expected. In 1995, Lessmann/Ziller evolved to become a group called Ex, which in May featured Joerg Deisinger on bass and Dominik Hülshorst on drums, almost a reunion of the 1986 Bonfire line-up. EX was a good band, but Lessmann and Ziller realized that the only means of recapturing their old fan base was under the name Bonfire.

The Return of Bonfire - Charade emerges (1996–2000)
In 1996, Lessmann and Ziller decided to start legal proceedings to get the rights to the Bonfire name as well as to the music from 1986 to 1992. On 3 July, a one-time payment was made to the last Bonfire members of 1994 and Lessmann and Ziller renamed their Ex project to Bonfire. The second coming began with the reissue of Glaub dran with other songs in English in 1996. In 1997 they hired Chris Lausmann on guitar and keyboards, who had played with Affair and Frontline; Uwe Köhler on bass, formally from Black Tears, Paradise Leaf, Big Apple, Lipstikk, Blitzkrieg and British Steel; and finally Jurgen Wiehler on drums, who had played with Backdoor Affair, Heaven Sent, Chain Reaction, Loud & Proud, EZ Livin', Parish Garden, Wet Paint and 88 Crash.

Also in 1997, Michael Bormann and Angel Schleifer got back together and wanted to release the shelved Bonfire album they had recorded in 1993. Joerg Deisinger was not interested and Edgar Patrik had other commitments, so the reunion was only for the duo composed by Bormann and Schleifer. Because of the change of ownership for the Bonfire name, Bormann and Schleifer decided to call themselves Charade. The shelved album was released in 1998 in Japan, becoming a highly sought after CD. The partnership between Bormann and Schleifer ended in May 2011, releasing 2 albums in total.

Worldwide exposure (2001–2014)
Since 1996, Bonfire has released at least one album a year and their fan base has grown, surpassing their 1980s popularity. In 2002, Lausmann left the group, but that did not stop the band. In 2004, after successfully gaining the rights to their pre-Bonfire material, the band released a five-part CD series called The Early Days. Parts 1, 2 and 3 were the reissuing of the Cacumen albums, part 4 was the EZ Livin' album and part 5 was the Lessmann/Ziller album, every one of them featuring bonus material.

In 2006, Bonfire celebrated their 20th anniversary with Chris Limburg from Vice, Wet Paint and Lustfinger in the role of co-guitarist. In 2008, Bonfire released a rock opera album called The Räuber. A special DVD of the opera performance that also featured new music videos of several of the songs from the album was released soon afterwards, including a remixed version of the song "You Make Me Feel". The new version of the song is featured on the video game SingStar.

2009 saw the return of yet another original member of Bonfire. Jürgen Wiehler left the band unexpectedly and was replaced with the returning Dominik Hülshorst on 15 January. This was followed by the long anticipated return to the North American stage as the band performed at the Rocklahoma Festival on 12 July in Pryor, Oklahoma, US. In 2010, on 25 March, Bonfire signed to a major label again, this time with Universal Music, with hopes that they would be handled and promoted much better than BMG did in the 1980s. Unfortunately this partnership lasted only a few months. They released the single "Deutsche National Hymne" for the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa, remaining on the German Top 50 Single Charts for seven weeks.

In 2011, the band released Branded as a studio album, which also made the German album charts. This was followed up with a complete live performance release of their 1987 album, Fireworks, entitled Fireworks Still Alive. Dominik Hülshorst's stay with Bonfire unfortunately was short, ending in March 2012. He was replaced by Gregorian drummer Harry Reischmann.

New line-up (2015–present)
It was announced on 11 January by a member of Bonfire's public relations team, with direct quotes from Hans Ziller, that Bonfire had gone through a great change for 2015. According to an e-mail that was sent out to fans by Willi Wrede, a falling out had occurred between long time singer Claus Lessmann and founder member Ziller that resulted in "an ending" to the band. The web site known as melodicrock.com had already published the news two days prior that this had happened with addition information that former Accept and Bangalore Choir vocalist David Reece would be taking on the vocal duties and recording a new album with the group. The e-mail by Wrede went into further details of what had occurred. Lessmann and Chris Limburg no longer had the desire to continue and Uwe Köhler had also decided to leave the group and pursue a new course in music with another band. Ziller had wanted to carry on with Harry Reischmann (drums) and so hired Reece as well as Ronnie Parkes (Bass) from Seven Witches These musicians for the year of 2014 were performing together as EZ Livin', a solo venture by Ziller while Bonfire had taken a break. The new second guitarist of Bonfire is Frank Pané, member of the German metal band Solemnity and ex-member of Red to Grey, and Valley's Eve. In 2016, Bonfire celebrated their 30th anniversary and a new double album, Pearls, released on UDR/Warner on 18 March 2016. This recording featured past band hits that were re-recorded. At the beginning of July it was announced that Reece and the band had mutually agreed to part ways. To fill in the vacancy Michael Bormann was announced as the new frontman, but he was not able to join the group for a few months. Alexx Stahl of Purple Rising and Roxxcalibur agreed to be a temporary singer to fulfill the band's commitments until Bormann's arrival. During that time the group agreed that Stahl put a lot of effort in to the performances, so it was agreed all around that he would become the full-time lead vocalist.

Alexx said about the beginning of the cooperation:

,, I received a call in summer 2016. Bonfire was looking for a spare singer for the ongoing tour because David Reece was out. I saw that I could get some good promotion for me and my other bands there so I joined Bonfire for 16 shows. I had only 10 days to learn the whole live set but it worked."

Members
Current members
 * Hans Ziller – lead and rhythm guitars, talkbox, backing vocals (1972–1989, 1996–present)
 * Frank Pané – rhythm and lead guitars, backing vocals (2015–present)
 * Ronnie Parkes – bass, backing vocals (2015–present)
 * Fabio Alessandrini – drums, percussion (2022–present)
 * DYAN – lead vocals (2022–present)

Cacumen

 * 1979: "Riding Away" (single)
 * 1981: Cacumen
 * 1983: Bad Widow
 * 1984: Down to Hell
 * 1985: Longing for You (EP)

Studio albums

 * 1986: Don't Touch the Light
 * 1987: Fireworks
 * 1989: Point Blank
 * 1991: Knock Out
 * 1996: Feels Like Comin' Home
 * 1998: Rebel Soul
 * 1999: Fuel to the Flames
 * 2001: Strike Ten
 * 2003: Free
 * 2006: Double X
 * 2008: The Räuber
 * 2011: Branded
 * 2015: Glorious
 * 2017: Byte the Bullet
 * 2018: Temple of Lies
 * 2018: Legends
 * 2020: Fistful of Fire

Live albums

 * 1993: Live...The Best
 * 2002: Live Over Europe!
 * 2005: One Acoustic Night
 * 2007: Double Vision
 * 2011: Fireworks Still Alive
 * 2013: Live in Wacken
 * 2019: Live on Holy Ground. Wacken 2018

Compilation albums

 * 1997: Hot & Slow
 * 2000: Who's Foolin' Who
 * 2001: 29 Golden Bullets
 * 2004: The Early Days
 * 2009: You Make Me Feel
 * 2013: Schanzerherz
 * 2016: Pearls
 * 2021: Roots
 * 2023: MMXXIII

Singles

 * 1989: Sword and Stone
 * 1998: Because It's Christmas Time
 * 2003: Tell Me What U Know
 * 2004: Schanzer Herz
 * 2010: Deutsche Nationalhymne
 * 2012: Cry for Help (EP)
 * 2012: Treueband

Lessmann/Ziller

 * 1993: Glaub dran
 * 1994: "Charlie & Louise" (single)
 * 1994: "Für dich" (single)

Ex

 * 1995: "Die Antwort weiss der Wind" (single)

Charade

 * 1998: Charade
 * 2004: II

EZ Livin'

 * 1991: After the Fire
 * 2014: Firestorm

Side projects
This does not count what former members have done since leaving Cacumen and Bonfire.

Joerg Deisinger had played on the 1989 album, entitled Wild Obsession, by Axel Rudi Pell. While a part of EX he started the band known as Sabu.

Claus Lessmann was planned to be the lead singer of EZ Livin' while still maintaining membership in Bonfire in 1990. Problems arose and he stayed with Bonfire, but he recorded some demos, which appeared on Bonfire - The Early Days Part 4.

Michael Bormann, when he joined Bonfire in 1993, maintained his membership in Jaded Heart and also was involved with a recording by the J.R. Blackmore Group. During the time Charade existed from 1997 to 2011, he was still with Jaded Heart until 2004 doing five albums in that time. He has been involved with other projects since then as well. The Sygnet until 2000 with one album; being a soloist since 2002 (four albums up to 2011); created the band known as Rain in 1997 and disbanded by 2008 (two albums); part of Biss (2002–2004) doing one album; 20th Century Boys (2003-2004) with one release. This was followed with Zeno (2005–present) with one album; The Trophy (2006–present) one album; and Bloodbound (2007) also one album. He has been with Redrum since 2004 with one album in 2007 and Idea (2003–present). During his VERY brief time with Bonfire in 2016, Michael was still associated with Zeno, The Trophy, Redrum, Idea, Powerworld, Grindhouse and Silent Force as well as remaining a soloist.

Hans Ziller, when Bonfire took a break in 2014, resurrected EZ Livin' temporarily for one release. The group was then rebranded to become the third incarnation of Bonfire.

Chris Lausmann's former band, Frontline, reunited in 2000. He stayed with them until 2002 that included two albums. He also had a project with Frontline vocalist Stephen Kaemmerer called Revolution, but nothing came of that.

Uwe Köhler joined Affair in 1999 and the group released an album in 2002. News from the band's website states a new album is in the works with a new membership line-up but it is unknown if Köhler is still a member.

Jürgen Wiehler was part of the punk-rock band known as Lustfinger from 2002 to 2012, appearing on a couple of albums. He was listed as a member of The Scovilles (2004–2008) and has been a member of the industrial metal band Megaherz since 2007.

Angel Schleifer, since Charade came into existence, was part of Sabu until 1998 and a short reunion in 2003, that included two albums, but he and Paul Sabu have worked together on one of Paul's solo albums. He was also involved with Demon Drive until 2001 with one album and has contributed to the two albums done by the Voices of Rock project spanning from 2007 to 2009.

Harry Reischmann, during his time with Bonfire, was involved with AXEperience, Solemnity until 2012, Gregorian, Skibbie, Rock The Big Band and even was part of Hans Ziller's resurrected EZ Livin', which became the third incarnation of Bonfire.

David Reece was with the following groups while he was involved with Bonfire: Tango Down, Wicked Sensation, Reece Percudani Group and has done some solo work.

Ronnie Parkes has been with Tango Down and Seven Witches since joining Bonfire.

Frank Pane joined Bonfire but maintained his membership in Purpendicular and AXEperience along with his own solo effort. He has since started a band called Sainted Sinners.

Tim Breideband joined Bonfire while still maintaining his position in Roughhouse.

Alexx Stahl, upon joining Bonfire, maintained his membership in Purple Rising and Roxxcalibur.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Bonfire (band)


text:
Talk:Prestwich

"Polefield" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Polefield and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 August 13 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. – Arms & Hearts (talk) 15:47, 13 August 2022 (UTC)

Education
Manchester Mesivta has an independent sixth form provision attached to the school site. So although St. Monica's doesn't anymore have a six form it is not accurate that there is no sixth form in Prestwich. גוי אחד בארץ (talk) 21:31, 26 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Prestwich


text:
Abuna River

The Abuna River (Río Abuná, Rio Abunã) is a river in South America. As a part of the Amazon Basin, it forms part of the border between northern Bolivia and north-western Brazil.

The river has a total length of 375 km. It originates in several streams east of the Cordillera Oriental of the Peruvian Andes. The river is navigable for circa 320 km in its lower northeastern part. At Manoa it joins the Río Madeira, a tributary of the Amazon. Opposite the river mouth is the town of Abunã on the Brazilian side of the confluence.

title: Abuna River


text:
Ellen Karcher

Ellen Karcher (born February 28, 1964) is an American Democratic Party politician, who served in the New Jersey State Senate from 2004 until 2008, where she represented the 12th Legislative District.

Career
In the 2003 election, Senator Karcher defeated incumbent Republican Senate Co-President John O. Bennett III, who was plagued by several ethics scandals including confirmed reports of double-billing local municipal governments. Before her election to the Senate, Karcher served on the Marlboro Township Council from 2002 to 2004, where she served as Council President. Karcher resigned from the Marlboro Township Council in January 2004 to take her seat in the Senate.

Karcher served on the Health, Human Services and Senior Citizens Committee (Vice Chair), the Wagering, Tourism and Historic Preservation Committee (Vice Chair), the Transportation Committee and the Joint Legislative Committee on Government Consolidation and Shared Services. In the 2007 general election, Karcher lost her bid for another term against Republican Party candidate Jennifer Beck.

Karcher is the third generation of her family to have served in the New Jersey Legislature. She learned New Jersey politics from her father, the late Alan Karcher, who served in the Assembly from 1973 to 1990 and as Speaker of the Assembly from 1982 to 1985. Her grandfather, Joseph T. Karcher, served in the Assembly from 1930 to 1933.

Personal life
Karcher is a medical policy and research advisor, having performed data collection and analysis of treatment protocols for physicians in a multi-office practice. In addition, Ms. Karcher has been an adjunct professor at Rutgers University for a number of semesters, teaching various subjects, including courses in mass media and politics, mass political behavior, Congress and the Presidency.

Additionally, Karcher is affiliated with several professional organizations. She is a member of the American Political Science Association as well as a section member of State Politics and Policy.

Karcher graduated magna cum laude with a B.A. from Rutgers University with a double major in English and Political Science. She received an M.A. from the Eagleton Institute of Politics at Rutgers University in Political Science and Public Policy. Karcher is a Ph.D. Candidate at Rutgers University in Political Science. As an undergraduate, Karcher was elected to the Phi Beta Kappa honor society and was selected as a Henry Rutgers Scholar, a program designed to bring graduate level work to undergrads. During her masters studies, in addition to teaching undergraduate courses, she was named an Eagleton Fellow. She was elected to the second class of Rodel Fellows at the Aspen Institute.

Since 2008, Karcher has owned and operated a lavender farm in Monmouth County, NJ

title: Ellen Karcher


text:
User talk:X3rx3s

Fair use rationale for Image:Battlenet diablo.jpg
Thanks for uploading or contributing to Image:Battlenet diablo.jpg. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is not a suitable explanation or rationale as to why each specific use in Wikipedia constitutes fair use. Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale.

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Orphaned non-free media (Image:Opeth Logo.png)
Thanks for uploading Image:Opeth Logo.png. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

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Orphaned non-free media (Image:Pantera logo.jpg)
Thanks for uploading Image:Pantera logo.jpg. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BJBot (talk) 01:53, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

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title: User talk:X3rx3s


text:
User talk:Pablo100

Welcome to the Wikipedia
Welcome, newcomer!

Here are some useful tips to ease you into the Wikipedia experience:

 * First, take a look at the Wikipedia Tutorial, and perhaps dabble a bit in the test area.
 * When you have some free time, take a look at the Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines. They can come in very handy!
 * Learn about some of the Wikipedia landmarks by trying our Wikipedia scavenger hunt!
 * Remember to use a neutral point of view!
 * If you need any help, feel free to post a question at the Help Desk
 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Also, here are some odds and ends that I find useful from time to time:

 * Policy Library
 * Utilities
 * Cite your sources
 * Verifiability
 * Wikiquette
 * Civility
 * Conflict resolution
 * Brilliant prose
 * Bad jokes and other deleted nonsense
 * Village pump
 * Boilerplate text

Feel free to ask me anything the links and talk pages don't answer. You can most easily reach me by posting on my talk page.

You can sign your name on any page by typing 4 tildes, likes this: ~~~~.

Best of luck, and have fun!

ClockworkSoul 22:55, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Pablo100


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Eric Nentrup

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 02:20, 14 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Eric Nentrup
Seems like vanity, just some guy with a website. Nothing links to it, either. Adam Bishop 22:56, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Sole anon editor previously removed delete tag which, I'm told, is bad. --Asriel86 23:07, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable, vanity. Megan1967 01:16, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Stefano Casiraghi

Untitled
The children are respectively, second, fourth and third in the line of succession. Pierre Casiraghi comes BEFORE his sister Charlotte.
 * I'm not so sure. Pierre the youngest. PrinceCharming 16:28, 24 December 2005

(UTC)

Ths succession is determined by male preference primogeniture therefore Pierre comes before his sister.

champagne
"Some people reportedly drank champagne when Stefano Casiraghi was killed." Where does this information come from? A useful source should be cited, without it this comment is pointless and rather insulting towards Casiraghi's legacy. PrinceCharming 16:28, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

These remarks were made by his co-pilot Partice Innocenti in an interview days after Casiraghi's death.
 * I've tried Google on the name you mention with no results. I searched on "Stefano Casiraghi" and "champagne" and found an article which confirms what is written in the article, so I added a reference. PrinceCharming 12:07, 3 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I did a lot of work on this article, adding references, sectionalizing, and expanding it. I also removed that "champagne" line because, as it was, it didn't seem to serve the article much. Maybe we can find a way to mention it in a way that is productive. I mean, it should serve a point. For instance, if you think it enhances the mafia theory, maybe we can explain that better? I don't see it but I suppose we could meditate on it, if it's really important to you. --ACRSM 14:28, 31 October 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Stefano Casiraghi


text:
The ClueFinders 5th Grade Adventures: The Secret of the Living Volcano

The ClueFinders 5th Grade Adventures: Secret of the Living Volcano is a computer game in The Learning Company's ClueFinders series of educational software. In the game, the ClueFinders are shipwrecked on a mysterious volcanic island, inhabited by centuries of trapped castaways, where any escape attempt seems to be deliberately thwarted by natural forces.

Plot
The ClueFinders are on a mission with Captain Clark, Leslie's sailor grandfather, to find out why so many ships have been disappearing in a certain area of the Pacific Ocean. In one of the wrecked ships, Joni and Santiago discover a pair of metal plaques with strange symbols written on them called CrypTiles. However, just when their own ship comes into view of a tiny uncharted island, a tsunami promptly forms and hits their ship. Joni, Santiago and LapTrap are stranded on the island and set off to rescue their remaining team members, locate Captain Clark and his crew and find out what sort of activities are happening on the island.

Gameplay
For the majority of the game, the player guides Joni, Santiago and LapTrap in and around the island as they attempt to rescue Owen and Leslie from the underground chamber as well as find a way to escape the adverse island. There are two areas that can be explored at the start of the game, the island itself and the ocean. At the end of the game, the user enters the interior of the island and learns its secrets.

The game has 10 different activities, each with their own skill and goal and divided among four different topics. The first three activities cover Language Arts, followed by four Mathematics activities, two activities on Science and one on Social Studies.


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User:Jackhynes

I'm a 30-something year old natural history filmmaker.

Major edits/rewrites
primate, white-eared titi, white-fronted capuchin,  Sunda slow loris,  cotton-top tamarin,  mantled guereza

Pages created
D.I., Barnstaple Western Bypass, Dolton, Devon, Lleyn (sheep), Victor Ubogu, Samurai I: Musashi Miyamoto, Samurai II: Duel at Ichijoji Temple, Samurai III: Duel at Ganryu Island, The Five Obstructions, Kongsfjorden, pygmy slow loris, Angelo Moore, Jimi Quidd, In the Studio, The Beastles, Linval Thompson, I-Roy, Danny Wilde (musician), Dipleurula, The Maynard School, Gabon talapoin, green monkey, Telolecithal, eastern hoolock gibbon, western hoolock gibbon, Cercopithecini, Devon hedge, Roloway monkey, golden monkey, Hispaniola monkey, Antilles monkey,  fork-crowned lemur, white-mantled tamarin, red-capped tamarin, Sykes' monkey, Central African red colobus, sexual dimorphism in non-human primates, silvery greater galago, southern plains gray langur, Thollon's red colobus, Ugandan red colobus, Sarawak surili, Natuna Island surili, forest dormouse, Hapalemurinae, Archaeolemurinae, Palaeopropithecinae, Indriinae, Anthropomorpha, Archaeolemur, Robert Kretschmer, primate cognition, list of bees of Great Britain, list of wasps of Great Britain, simian shelf, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Come Clean (Jeru the Damaja song), Meddon Green Local Nature Reserve, Fremington Local Nature Reserve, Sabellaria alveolata, Colombian spider monkey, list of fossil primates, Misumena nigromaculata, A. esculenta, Polyphemus, Peninsular shrew, Cubanana cristinae, North Devon's Biosphere Reserve, Montane Sumatran white-bellied rat, Cameron Highlands white-bellied rat, Plate-toothed giant hutia, list of primates described in the 2010s, eastern black-handed tamarin, list of primates described in the 2020s, Schneider's marmoset

title: User:Jackhynes


text: User talk:65.95.229.159

title: User talk:65.95.229.159


text:
Mastodon (disambiguation)

A mastodon is a large, elephant-like mammal of the extinct genus Mammut (formerly Mastodon).

Mastodon may also refer to:

Animals

 * Gomphotheriidae, an extinct family of elephant relatives.

Software

 * Mastodon (social network), open-source software for federated micro-blogging, similar to Twitter.

Places

 * Mastodon Township, Michigan

Vehicles

 * Mastodon (steam locomotive) (CPR #229), the very first steam locomotive of the 4-8-0 wheel arrangement.
 * A nickname for the 4-10-0 wheel arrangement.

Music

 * Mastodon (band), an American heavy metal band.
 * Mastodon (album), a box set released by the band's former label.

Comics and games

 * Mastodon (Weapon X), a comic book character who plays a minor role in the backstory of Wolverine.
 * Mastodon (New Universe), the code-name of one of members of the DP7 comic book superhuman group.
 * Mastodon, a gigantic quadrupedal walker in the game Command & Conquer 4: Tiberian Twilight.

Sport and athletics

 * Purdue Fort Wayne Mastodons, the athletic teams and mascot of Purdue University Fort Wayne.

title: Mastodon (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Kindergarten

History of the WORD "Kindergarden"
The word "Kindergarden" comes from the German word "Kinder", meaning "Kid/ child". So it basically means "Kidsgarden" or "Childsgarden!" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.64.78.59 (talk) 23:08, 26 February 2009 (UTC)

"Kind" means "Kid/ child". Kinder is the plural. 2003:CC:8704:6F00:F0EF:4E12:1C31:98EC (talk) 19:22, 19 February 2021 (UTC)

External links modified
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Kindergarten as word composition
Unlike the article assumes, there's no preposition in the german composition Kindergarten. Taking it figuratively is what germans like me think about it:

It's about growth... about small humans associated to flowers;) Florian Gutmann 18 July 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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Art
Babyish 46.38.44.51 (talk) 14:16, 16 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kindergarten


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Pete Chilcutt

Peter Shawn Chilcutt (born September 14, 1968) is an American former professional basketball player who played in the National Basketball Association (NBA), winning an NBA championship in 1995 with the Houston Rockets. He played college basketball for the North Carolina Tar Heels.

Born in Sumter, South Carolina, Chilcutt attended Tuscaloosa Academy in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. He was recruited by a number of schools, and decided to go to University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Following a college basketball career at North Carolina, he was selected in the first round of the 1991 NBA draft by the Sacramento Kings.

Chilcutt played forward for seven teams over a nine-year professional career that spanned from the 1991–92 to the 1999–2000 season. He won an NBA Championship in the 1994–95 season with the Houston Rockets, for whom he played from 1994 to 1996. He also played for the Detroit Pistons, Vancouver Grizzlies, Los Angeles Clippers, Cleveland Cavaliers, and Utah Jazz.

Post-basketball career
After his basketball career, Chilcutt spent time as a sixth-grade math and science teacher at Folsom Middle School in Folsom, California. Pete also founded a basketball academy in the Greater Sacramento area called Clutch City Basketball Academy.

title: Pete Chilcutt


text:
Shirley Turner

Shirley Kersey Turner (born July 3, 1941) is an American Democratic Party politician, who has been serving in the New Jersey State Senate since 1998, where she represents the 15th Legislative District.

Early life
Turner was born in Dover, New Jersey, and graduated from Dover High School in 1960. She received a B.A. from Trenton State College (now The College of New Jersey) in Education and an M.A. from Rider College in Guidance and Counseling, and has done postgraduate work in education at Rutgers University.

Turner resides in the Lawrenceville section of Lawrence Township. Before entering state politics, Senator Turner served on the Mercer County Board of Chosen Freeholders from 1983 to 1986, where she served as Freeholder Vice President. Before being elected to the State Senate, Turner served in New Jersey's lower house, the General Assembly, from 1994 to 1998.

New Jersey Senate
In the 1997 general election, Turner defeated incumbent Republican Dick LaRossa, making him the only Republican Senator to lose his seat. Turner was Senate President Pro Tempore, a position which she has held since 2004 to 2010. She serves in the Senate on the Education Committee (as Chair) and as a member of the Budget and Appropriations Committee. In a 2010 vote on same sex marriage, Turner was one of six Democrats to vote against the bill to legalize it. However, in a 2012 vote on a similar bill, she supported the measure (which would be vetoed by Governor Chris Christie).

Committees
Committee assignments for the 2024—2025 Legislative Session are:
 * Education (as vice-chair)
 * Economic Growth (as vice-chair)
 * State Government, Wagering, Tourism & Historic Preservation

District 15
Each of the 40 districts in the New Jersey Legislature has one representative in the New Jersey Senate and two members in the New Jersey General Assembly. The representatives from the 15th District for the 2024—2025 Legislative Session are:
 * Senator Shirley Turner (D)
 * Assemblywoman Verlina Reynolds-Jackson (D)
 * Assemblyman Anthony Verrelli (D)

title: Shirley Turner


text: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Log/2005 April 9


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Howard Simons

Howard Simons (June 3, 1929 – June 13, 1989) was the managing editor of The Washington Post at the time of the Watergate scandal, and later curator of the Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard University.

Early life and education
Simons was born to a Jewish family and raised in Albany, New York, and received a BA from Union College in Schenectady in 1951 and a master's degree a year later from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. After service in the Korean War, he became a science reporter in Washington for several news organizations, and joined The Post as a science writer in 1961. He became assistant managing editor in 1966 and managing editor in 1971.

In 1966, he received the Raymond Clapper Memorial Award for his Washington reporting.

Watergate coverage
According to Carol Felsenthal of Politico Magazine, Simons took the first phone call, on June 18, 1972, from Democratic National Committee general counsel Joseph Califano Jr., about a break-in, the night before, at DNC headquarters at the Watergate complex. Simons took charge and with help from fellow editors Barry Sussman and Harry Rosenfeld, guided Woodward and Bernstein, and championed the young reporters for what became a national story.

Simons is credited with dubbing Mark Felt, their well-placed source, "Deep Throat," in reference to the pornographic film of the same name.

 * "When the time came, it was managing editor Howard Simons--not Ben Bradlee or other ranking editors--who made the crucial early decisions that led to the Washington Post's extraordinary coverage of the Watergate scandal, especially the decision to allow the metropolitan staff, which did not normally report on national politics, to pursue the story."
 * The Great Cover-Up by Barry Sussman, page 66.

Simons was portrayed by Martin Balsam in All the President's Men, the 1976 film based on Bernstein and Woodward's 1974 book of the same name, depicting the Post 's investigation of Watergate. He was later played by David Cross in the 2017 film The Post.

After The Washington Post
Simons left The Post for a position as Curator at The Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard University in 1984.

Simons authored Jewish Times: Voices of the American Jewish Experience, (Houghton-Mifflin, 1988), and Simons' List Book (1977). He edited two books with Joseph A. Califano, Jr., The Media and the Law and The Media and Business, and in 1986 wrote a spy novel with Haynes Johnson called The Landing.

A well-known quotation attributed to Simons:

 * "People who are funny and smart and return phone calls get much better press than people who are just funny and smart."

He stepped down from the Nieman position on May 25, 1989, on medical leave, and succumbed to pancreatic cancer three weeks later, aged 60.

A scholarship named after him assists minority students aspiring in journalism (see ).

title: Howard Simons


text:
Talk:Bouncer

Requested move 14 February 2022

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) Sceptre (talk) 17:42, 21 February 2022 (UTC)

– I believe that the job is the clear WP:PRIMARYTOPIC by pageviews, as it gets about 350 more views a day than the next closest topic, Bouncer (cricket), and has over the long term. There is not really any other potential topic that comes close, as things entitled "The Bouncer" can be distinguished from it. In that case, the film and video game are competing topics, so The Bouncer should remain a redirect to the disambiguation page. ᴢxᴄᴠʙɴᴍ (ᴛ) 05:38, 14 February 2022 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Bouncer (doorman) → Bouncer
 * Bouncer → Bouncer (disambiguation)
 * Opppose. The outgoing traffic from the dab page is mostly split between the doorman and The Bouncer (video game) . Given that the game is over 20 years old (a time frame comparable to the period in which the term "bouncer" became popular ), I don't see any particular reason for treating the two topics as having different long-term significance. – Uanfala (talk) 13:24, 14 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I am not suggesting "The Bouncer" not be disambiguated. The version with "The" is still ambiguous. Also, the video game is clearly based off the name for the job. ᴢxᴄᴠʙɴᴍ (ᴛ) 21:07, 14 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support In addition to the longterm significance, the video game always seems to be referred to as "The Bouncer" and users searching for Bouncer alone therefore are unlikely to be intending to end up on that page.--Yaksar (let's chat) 20:12, 14 February 2022 (UTC)
 * There's no need to speculate about what readers want when searching when we already have the relevant data. See https://wikinav.toolforge.org/?language=en&title=Bouncer – the video game link on the dab page receives almost as many clicks as the link for the doorman. The traffic data doesn't account from where the readers arrived (whether they went directly to Doorman or the used the redirect The Doorman), but you can infer some upper and lower bounds from the relevant pageviews |Bouncer. The most important bit of information is that significantly less than half of the readers who arrive on the dab page follow the link for the doorman. – Uanfala (talk) 21:40, 14 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Again, we're simply talking about moving the dab page away from "Bouncer", not about targeting "The Bouncer" there as well. It's unlikely that when people type "Bouncer", full stop, into the search, they are looking for the video game. ᴢxᴄᴠʙɴᴍ (ᴛ) 10:48, 15 February 2022 (UTC)
 * I'm finding it increasingly incomprehensible why you all continue making claims that are plainly contradicted by the data presented so far. From the links above: for the month of January, the views for Bouncer (that exact title, excludes views coming from redirects like The Bouncer) were 290. For the same period, the link on the dab page going to Bouncer (doorman) was clicked 87 times. – Uanfala (talk) 13:24, 15 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Just to clarify: if your argument is to disregard usage altogether, count only long-term significance and exclude the game per WP:SMALLDIFFS, then that's a valid argument to make (one that I disagree with, but still a valid one). – Uanfala (talk) 13:58, 15 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support as the WP:PRIMARYTOPIC. Rreagan007 (talk) 01:34, 15 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support per nom.--Ortizesp (talk) 22:11, 15 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support. Very obvious primary topic. -- Necrothesp (talk) 14:33, 16 February 2022 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. The occupation is the primary topic. LSGH (talk) (contributions) 04:09, 21 February 2022 (UTC)

Bouncers hospitals.
Bouncers are often employed by hospitals for controlling unruly attendants and bystanders of patients trying to disrupt working and for safety of doctors. 116.68.75.15 (talk) 08:53, 11 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bouncer


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Old Dominion

Old Dominion most commonly refers to:

 * The Old Dominion, a nickname for the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia
 * Colony of Virginia
 * Old Dominion University, a public university in Norfolk, Virginia
 * Old Dominion Monarchs, the athletic teams representing Old Dominion University
 * Old Dominion, Virginia, an unincorporated community in Albemarle County, Virginia

Old Dominion may also refer to:

Music

 * Old Dominion (band), an American country-rock band
 * Old Dominion (EP)
 * Old Dominion (album)
 * Old Dominion, an album by Hotel of the Laughing Tree
 * "Old Dominion", a 2000 song by Avail from One Wrench
 * "Old Dominion", a 2002 song by Enon from lavrage

Other uses

 * Old Dominion (train), a former Amtrak passenger train in the United States
 * Old Dominion Athletic Conference, an NCAA Division III athletic conference
 * Old Dominion Brewing Company
 * Old Dominion Electric Cooperative
 * Old Dominion Foundation, a predecessor of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation
 * Old Dominion Freight Line
 * Old Dominion (magazine), a magazine from 1870 to 1873

title: Old Dominion


text:
Travunia

Travunia (Travunija; Τερβουνία; Τερβουνία; Tribunia) was a South Slavic medieval principality that was part of Medieval Serbia (850–1371), and later the Medieval Bosnia (1373–1482). The principality became hereditary in a number of noble houses, often kin to the ruling dynasty. The region came under Ottoman rule in 1482. Its seat was in the city of Trebinje.

In the 9th and 10th centuries, the Župa of Travunia was held by the Belojević noble family, who were entitled the rule during the reign of Prince Vlastimir (r. 830–850), of the Vlastimirović dynasty. After the death of Časlav, the last dynastic member, the principality disintegrated, and the provinces were annexed by the Bulgars and Byzantines. In 1034, Stefan Vojislav (the founder of the Vojislavljević dynasty) incited a rebellion and renounced Byzantine rule, becoming the Prince of Serbs, ruling from the seat at Duklja. In the early 12th century, Desa of the Vukanović dynasty wrestled the region, and it continued under the rule of the Nemanjić dynasty (1166–1371), either held by dynastic members or close associates (most often military commanders), of which was the notable Vojinović noble family. After Nikola Altomanović, the holder of a large province during the fall of the Serbian Empire, was defeated in 1373, his estates were divided between Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović of Serbia, Đurađ I Balšić of Zeta, and Ban Tvrtko I Kotromanić of Bosnia. Trebinje continued under the Bosnian crown in the hands of the Pavlović family, and from 1435 under the Kosača family. It was finally annexed in 1481 by the Ottomans and organized into the Sanjak of Herzegovina.

Early Middle Ages
Tribulium was the original name for this settlement and the etymology of it may be analyzed as tri-bulium, or the place of the 'three hills', from the numeral 'three' (*trei-) and an appellative derived from the IE root *b(h)eu- 'to swell, puff'.

The Slavs invaded the Balkans during the reign of Justinian I (r. 527–565), when eventually up to 100,000 Slavs raided Thessalonica. The Western Balkans was settled with Sclaveni (Sklavenoi), the east with Antes. The Sklavenoi plundered Thrace in 545, and again the next year. In 551, the Slavs crossed Niš initially headed for Thessalonica, but ended up in Dalmatia. In 577 some 100,000 Slavs poured into Thrace and Illyricum, pillaging cities and then settling down. Charlemagne, King of the Franks from 768 until his death in 814, expanded the Frankish kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of western and central Europe. Dalmatia which was southeast of the Frankish empire, was in the hands of the Croats and Serbs. Radoslav of Serbia or his son was the ruler of Serbia during the uprisings (819–822) of Ljudevit Posavski against the Franks. According to the Royal Frankish Annals, in 822, Ljudevit went from his seat in Sisak to the Serbs who controlled a great part of Dalmatia ("ad Sorabos, quae natio magnam Dalmatiae partem obtinere dicitur") but according to John (Jr.) Fine, it was hard to find Serbs in this area since the Byzantine sources were limited to the southern coast, also it is possible that among other tribes exists tribe of group of small tribes of Serbs. The mentioning of "Dalmatia" in 822 and 833 as an old geographical term by the authors of Frankish Annals was Pars pro toto with a vague perception of what this geographical term actually referred to. In late 870s, the Theme of Dalmatia ("thema Dalmatias") was established, with the strategos seated at Dubrovnik (Ragusa, Ragusion). These small cities in the region (also Dyrrachium) did not stretch into the hinterlands, and had no military capacity, thus Basil I paid a tax of '72 gold coins' to the princes of Zahumlje and Travunia.

Trebinje is first attested in DAI by Constantine VII (905–959), when describing the migration and geography of the Serbs in 7th century, but the population's 7th Century identity remains a matter of dispute as it rather indicates Serbian political and ethnic connection during the time of Časlav in 10th Century. Travunia (Τερβουνια) was a province subservient to Serbian Principality under the Vlastimirović Dynasty. The first known office holder was Beloje, a count, who ruled under Prince Vlastimir (also possibly under Radoslav or Prosigoj, fl. 819). In the mid 9th century, Vlastimir marries his daughter to Krajina, the son of Beloje, and gives him the Župa of Trebinje to govern under his suzerainty. The Belojević noble family is entitled the rule of Travunia; Hvalimir, and his son Čučimir continue the office under the Serbian crown.

From 927 to 960, Časlav Klonimirović, the last of the Vlastimirović dynasty, held supreme rule of Travunia which at the time bordered Zahumlje to the west, the city of Ragusa or Dubrovnik to the southwest, Duklja to the south and Serbia (crownland, see Rascia) to the north. Its coastline spanned from Dubrovnik to Boka Kotorska. With the death of Časlav, Serbia disintegrated and Duklja absorbed most of Rascia along with Zahumlje and Trebinje. The Catepanate of Ras was established during the rule of John Tzimiskes (r. 969–976). A seal of a strategos of Ras has been dated to Tzimiskes' reign, making it possible for Tzimiskes' predecessor Nikephoros II Phokas to have enjoyed recognition in Rascia.

In the 990s, Bulgarian Tsar Samuel made client states out of most of the Balkans, including Duklja and Zahumlje. In 998, Samuel launched a major campaign against Jovan Vladimir to prevent a Byzantine-Serbian alliance. When his troops reached Duklja, Vladimir withdrew to the mountains, Samuel left part of the army at the foot of the mountains and led the remaining soldiers to besiege the coastal fortress of Ulcinj. In an effort to prevent bloodshed, he asked Jovan Vladimir to surrender, but Jovan refused, some Serb nobles offered their services to the Bulgarians and, when it became clear that further resistance was fruitless, the Serbs surrendered. Jovan Vladimir was exiled to Samuel's palaces in Prespa. The Bulgarian troops proceeded to pass through Dalmatia, taking control of Kotor and journeying to Dubrovnik. Although they failed to take Dubrovnik, they devastated the surrounding villages. The Bulgarian army then attacked Croatia in support of the rebel princes Krešimir III and Gojslav and advanced northwest as far as Split, Trogir and Zadar, then northeast through Bosnia and Raška and returned to Bulgaria.

The dawn of the 10th century brought a short-lived Bulgarian occupation after the fall of the Rascian lands, but prince Caslav restored a Principality of Serbia by 931 and ruled Travunia as well. Travunia flourished under the greatest Serbian early medieval ruler – Saint Jovan Vladimir of Duklja and Travunia in the late 10th and early 11th century. With the trickery of Jovan Vladimir in 1016, Byzantine domination was restored under old Prince Dragomir. Dragomir was assassinated in Kotor in 1018 which brought upon Byzantine military occupation. Stefan Vojislav raised a rebellion in the 1030s. Prince of Zachlumia Ljutovid exerted his influence over Travunia, even though Stefan Vojislav claimed it. After inflicting a sound defeat to the Byzantines at Bar, Vojislav dispatched 50 captured Greeks to demoralize Liudevit's army that was awaiting at Klobuk. Vojislav's son Gojislav led the Dioclean forces and easily defeated Liutovid's forces, killing Liutovid himself with the help of two bodyguards. Travunia was fully incorporated into Doclea. When Gojslav became the ruler, he elected Trebinje as the new Serbian capital. He was assassinated by Travunian Prince Ljutovid who raised a rebellion in 1047–1050 and Mihailo I Vojislavljević had to depose Domanec, Liutovid's son, and move the capital from Travunia, placing his brother Saganek as Prince of Travunia. Saganek was overthrown in 1055, and it took Radoslav, Mihailo's faithful brother to finally kill Domanec and seize control over Travunia. In 1077 a Slavic Kingdom of Doclea and Dalmatia was proclaimed. It commanded the road from Ragusa to Constantinople, traversed, in 1096, by Raymond of Toulouse and his crusaders. With the coming of the 12th century, Travunia was fully incorporated into the unified Serbian state. Later, the Nemanjić dynasty took over since 1166/68. In 1217, the Serbian Kingdom was proclaimed.

With the death of Stefan Vojislav, the rule was divided between the five sons. Gojislav had received Travunia (Trebinje), and briefly ruled until he was killed by local nobles, who set up Domanek as Prince. Mihailo pursued and attacked Domanek, who fled, in his place Saganek was put to govern Travunia. Domanek then returned, and drove out Saganek. Mihailo offered the office to Radoslav, who declined, afraid of losing Luška župa (future Zeta). Radoslav perhaps distrusted his brother, thinking he would seize Zeta, but Mihailo seems to have offered him a deal. The Byzantine Empire, wanting to take advantage of the death of Stefan Vojislav, prepared an offensive against unstable Duklja. At this time, the four remaining brothers made peace and made an alliance. The treaty concluded is the oldest in Serbian history. After the agreement, Radoslav attacked Trebinje, killing Domanek. After this event, their mother (who had acted as an stability in the relations between the brothers) died. While in no imminent danger from that side, Mihailo found it favorable to further strengthen ties with Byzantium around 1052, gaining the title of protospatharios, also marrying a niece of Constantine IX Monomachos. This might have implied titular recognition of Constantinople's authority, but no real concessions on his part. It corresponded to the then-current balance of forces, and bought some 20 years of peace and prosperity to his land.

Late Middle Ages
Under the name of Tribunia or Travunja (the Trebigne of the Ragusans), it belonged to the Serbian Empire until 1355. Trebinje became a part of the expanded Medieval Bosnian state under Tvrtko I in 1373. There is a medieval tower in Gornje Police whose construction is often attributed to Vuk Branković. The old Tvrdoš Monastery dates back to the 15th century.

The Area of Trebinje, has produced the House of Mrnjavčević and was at times ruled by members of the Serbian royal family, like Queen Hellen of Anjou in the 13th century. Travunia got a neighbour by 1326, as the Bosnians conquered Zachlumia. In 1345, the Serbian Empire was created. After the collapse of the Serbian Empire in 1371, the area of Trebinje became ruled by the House of Vojinović Serbian dynasty from Hum. With Nikola Altomanović's defeat, the Bosnian King Tvrtko took the area in 1377 and it has been a component of Herzegovina ever since.

List of Rulers
This lists only the rulers who had Travunia as their appanage or fief and will not house the rulers of the region of Travunia. Travunia was merged into neighbouring states and lost its importance several times in history (amalgamation).

 * Beloje (before 839), župan of Travunija
 * Krajina Belojević (fl. 847/848), župan of Travunija, son of Beloje and son-in-law of Vlastimir
 * Hvalimir (late 9th century), župan of Travunija, son of Krajina
 * Čučimir (first half of 10th century), župan of Travunija, son of Hvalimir
 * Dragimir (before 1000–1018), Prince of Travunija and Zachlumia
 * Domanek (fl. 1054), Prince of Travunija
 * Desa (1149–1162), Prince of Duklja, Travunija and Zahumlje
 * Grdeša (fl. 1150–51), župan of Travunija

title: Travunia


text: Talk:BRB

title: Talk:BRB


text: User talk:204.130.130.185

title: User talk:204.130.130.185


text: Category:Philadelphia Athletics

title: Category:Philadelphia Athletics


text: Category:St. Louis Browns

title: Category:St. Louis Browns


text:
National Energy Technology Laboratory

The National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL) is a U.S. national laboratory under the Department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy. NETL focuses on applied research for the clean production and use of domestic energy resources. It performs research and development on the supply, efficiency, and environmental constraints of producing and using fossil energy resources while maintaining affordability.

NETL has sites in Albany, Oregon; Morgantown, West Virginia; and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Together, these sites have 117 buildings and 242 acres of land. More than 1,400 employees work at NETL's three sites, including federal employees and contractors.

NETL funds and manages contracted research in the United States and more than 40 foreign countries through arrangements with private organizations and other government agencies. This work is augmented by onsite applied research in computational and basic sciences, energy system dynamics, geological and environmental systems, and materials science.

1900-1950s
NETL originated from a number of organizations that existed in the early 1900s. In 1910, the U.S. Department of Interior’s (DOI) Bureau of Mines established the Pittsburgh Experiment Station in Bruceton, Pennsylvania, to train coal miners and conduct research on coal-mining-related safety equipment and practices. The Pittsburgh Experiment Station began coal-to-liquids conversion research in the mid-1920s, soon after several European countries had begun to pursue research in coal-based synthetic fuels. Just eight years later in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, the Bureau of Mines opened the Petroleum Experiment Station to pursue systematic application of engineering and scientific methods to oil drilling, helping the oil industry create operating and safety standards. As a result of the Synthetic Liquid Fuels Act of 1944, the Pittsburgh Experiment Station became the Bruceton Research Center in 1948.

In 1946, the Synthesis Gas Branch Experiment Station was established for government-sponsored coal-gasification research, in particular producing synthesis gas from coal, at West Virginia University’s facilities in Morgantown, West Virginia. The Station joined with two other nearby DOI groups to create the Appalachian Experiment Station for onsite coal research at the current Morgantown location in 1954.

1970s
The new U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration renamed the former DOI sites as the Bartlesville, Morgantown, and Pittsburgh Energy Research Centers in 1975. These Centers began overseeing federally funded contracts for fossil energy research and development. All three Research Centers became Energy Technology Centers in 1977 under the newly established U.S. Department of Energy. The Centers housed onsite research in coal, oil, and gas technologies and managed contracts for research and development conducted by universities, industry, and other research institutions.

1980s-1990s
In 1983, however, operation of the Bartlesville Energy Technology Center transferred to IIT Research Institute, based in Chicago, and the Bartlesville Project Office was established to oversee petroleum research activities. Then, in 1996, the Morgantown and Pittsburgh Energy Technology Centers, a mere 65 miles (105 km) apart, were consolidated under the same administration to form the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC). The National Petroleum Technology Office (NPTO) in Tulsa, Oklahoma, was established in 1998, and the Bartlesville Project Office was closed.

FETC became a national laboratory, NETL, in 1999 and was joined by NPTO in 2000. NETL opened the Arctic Energy Office in Fairbanks, Alaska, in 2001 to promote research, development, and deployment of

 * Oil recovery, gas-to-liquids, and natural gas production and transportation and
 * Electric power in Arctic climates, including fossil, wind, geothermal, fuel cells, and small hydroelectric facilities. ==

2000s
In 2005, the Albany Research Center (ARC) in Albany, Oregon, merged with NETL as a third laboratory location, providing expertise in life-cycle research and advanced materials for energy system challenges. Founded on the site of the former Albany College in 1942, ARC made its mark processing zirconium. In 1985, the center was named an historical landmark by the American Society for Metals. Today, researchers here address fundamental mechanisms and processes; melt, cast, and fabricate up to one ton of materials; completely characterize the chemical and physical properties of materials; and deal with the waste and by-products of materials processes.

The Tulsa, Oklahoma, office moved to Sugar Land, Texas, in 2009.

Partnership
NETL collaborates with industry, academia, other government agencies, and international research organizations.

Carbon Capture Simulation Initiative
The Carbon Capture Simulation Initiative (CCSI) partners national laboratories, industry and academic institutions to develop and deploy computational modeling and simulation tools that accelerate carbon capture technologies from discovery to widespread future deployment on hundreds of power plants.

NETL is partnering with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory on this Initiative.

National Risk Assessment Partnership
Led by NETL, the National Risk Assessment Partnership (NRAP) studies the behavior of engineered-natural systems to develop the risk assessment tools necessary for safe, permanent geologic storage. To assist in effective site characterization, selection, operation, and management, NRAP is considering potential risks associated with key operational concerns, as well as those associated with long-term liabilities, such as groundwater protection and storage permanence. NRAP is developing a method for quantifying risk profiles of multiple types of carbon dioxide storage sites to guide decision making and risk management. NRAP is also developing monitoring and mitigation protocols to reduce uncertainty in the predicted long-term behavior of a site.

NRAP relies on expertise and resources from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and the NETL-Regional University Alliance.

Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships
In 2003, DOE awarded cooperative agreements to seven Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) because geographical differences in fossil fuel use and geologic storage opportunities across North America dictate regional approaches to capture and storage of and other greenhouse gasses. Each RCSP has developed a regional carbon management plan to identify the most suitable storage strategies and technologies, aid in regulatory development, and propose appropriate infrastructure for carbon capture and storage commercialization within their respective regions to safely and permanently store. NETL manages the partnership and the projects.

The RCSPs comprise more than 400 organizations covering 43 states and four Canadian provinces and include representatives from state and local agencies, regional universities, national laboratories, non-government organizations, foreign government agencies, engineering and research firms, electric utilities, oil and gas companies, and other industrial partners. The following are the seven RCSPs:

 * Big Sky Carbon Sequestration Partnership
 * Midwest Geological Sequestration Consortium
 * Midwest Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership
 * Plains Reduction Partnership
 * Southeast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership
 * Southwest Regional Partnership on Carbon Sequestration
 * West Coast Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership

Technologies

NETL's fossil fuel research, development, and demonstration focus on efficient energy use and clean energy production from domestic fossil fuel resources.

Onsite research, development, and demonstration address key energy and environmental concerns and solve issues that slow commercialization of domestic fuel power systems, fossil-fuel resource development, and environmental mitigation and waste management technologies. NETL works with modeling and theoretical research as well as bench- to demonstration-scale development and demonstration of technologies and concepts.

Coal
NETL addresses critical research and development challenges for near-zero emissions power production from coal. Continued use of coal electric power production is enabled through NETL's research, development, demonstration, and, ultimately, deployment of advanced systems and technologies that increase overall plant efficiency while reducing emissions like carbon dioxide and nitrous oxides. Projects within the coal program are part of DOE's Clean Coal Research Program. The aim is to improve on capture and storage techniques, and to develop advanced energy systems, as well as sensing and advanced process controls. NETL's coal program also investigates a range of advances in combustion, gasification, turbines, fuels, and fuel cell technologies that can increase power plant efficiency, improve plant economics, and reduce the amount of byproduct per unit of electricity generated. Development of these systems is designed to enable continued use of the United States’ significant fossil fuel resources as a major contributor to the nation's energy portfolio.

The goals of NETL's research in advanced energy systems are to develop a new generation of clean coal-fueled energy conversion systems capable of producing competitively priced electric power while reducing and other emissions, improving efficiency, increasing plant availability, and reducing cooling water requirements. Key aspects of this research include improving overall system thermal efficiency, reducing capital and operating costs, and enabling affordable capture. Technology research areas include Gasification Systems, Advanced Combustion Systems, Advanced Turbines, Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Carbon Capture, Carbon Storage, and Crosscutting Research.

NETL's coal program also manages the Clean Coal Research Program's portfolio of large-scale technology demonstration projects that test advanced Program-developed technologies at full scale in integrated facilities. Final technical, environmental, and financial challenges associated with new advanced coal technologies are overcome during full-scale testing so the technologies are ready for commercial deployment. The demonstrated technologies fall under four capture pathways, each followed by  storage: pre-combustion, post-combustion, oxy-combustion, and industrial carbon capture and storage.

Oil and Gas
NETL helps advance development of technologies supporting efficient, environmentally benign unconventional domestic oil and gas resources. The Lab's research projects help catalyze the development of these new technologies, provide objective data to help quantify the environmental and safety risks of oil and gas development, and characterize emerging energy resources like methane hydrate or shale gas production. The program foci are on deep-water technology, enhanced oil recovery, and methane hydrate. NETL's research on unconventional oil and gas includes efforts for improving wellbore cement used to stabilize wells for deep-water drilling; expeditions to determine presence and volume of methane hydrate along coastlines; development of hydraulic fracturing data collection tools to improve environmental reporting, monitoring, and protection; analysis to determine alternate sources of freshwater for oil and gas development, as well as many other areas of expertise.

Natural gas and oil resources supply two-thirds of the United States’ primary energy supply, and researching their development allows for their continued use as efforts toward transition to a more sustainable energy future are made. Because oil and natural gas resources are becoming increasingly harder to locate and produce, new technologies are required to extract them. Finding and developing new unconventional sources of oil and gas, using techniques like enhanced oil recovery to enhance a well's ability to produce, and researching methods to improve safety in the development and use of these resources allows the nation to maintain an ample, affordable energy supply.

Energy Analysis
NETL assesses short-term trends in the energy industry and the U.S. and world economies that may impact energy production and use, and long-term trends that may modify demand for energy and influence the choice of fuels and energy production technologies after 2025. The Lab also develops scenarios for use in technology planning activities that also help quantify the benefits of the Lab's research portfolio.

Non-fossil Energy Research, Development, Demonstration, and Deployment
NETL provides technical, administrative, and project management services to customers within DOE and other federal agencies. NETL primarily manages research, development, demonstration, and deployment activities for the DOE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) and the DOE Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability (OE). These projects and activities are related to energy efficiency in vehicles, buildings, and manufacturing facilities, as well as the enhancement, security and reliability of America's electrical and natural gas transmission and distribution systems. NETL manages activities on behalf of the EERE Vehicle Technologies Office, especially EERE's efforts to advance the development and deployment of advanced vehicle technologies, including electric vehicles, engine efficiency, and lightweight materials.

In addition, NETL supports administration of the Clean Cities Program, which increases the use of alternative fuels for transportation by building coalitions of state and local governments, private industry, non-profit organizations, and fleet managers. For the EERE Building Technologies Office, NETL supports the Solid-State Lighting Initiative, which is pursuing next-generation lighting technologies that will eventually replace the traditional incandescent light bulb. NETL is also managing Combined Heat and Power and Distributed Generation project activities on behalf of the EERE Advanced Manufacturing Office. For OE, NETL actively participates in DOE's response to disruptions to our nation's energy infrastructure, such as hurricanes and other natural disasters, and is laying the groundwork to modernize the national electric grid.

Administration

 * Marianne Walck, Ph.D.—Director, NETL
 * Heather Quedenfeld — Chief Operating Officer, NETL
 * John Wimer, Ph.D.—Deputy Director, Science and Technology Strategic Plans and Programs, Research Innovation Center
 * Bryan Morreale, Ph.D.— Executive Director of the Research and Innovation Center (R&IC)
 * Sean I. Plasynski, — Executive Director, Technology Development & Integration Center
 * James E. Wilson—Executive Director & Chief Financial Officer, Finance & Acquisition Center
 * Antonio M. Ferreira, Ph.D. — Chief Information Officer

title: National Energy Technology Laboratory


text:
Unlisted Securities Market

The Unlisted Securities Market (USM), which ran from 1980 to 1996, was a stock exchange set up by the London Stock Exchange to cater for companies too small to qualify for a full listing.

The USM allowed companies to be traded which did not have the full three-year trading history required by the main market, or which wished to float less than 25 percent of their share capital. The USM allowed as little as 10% to be floated.

The Alternative Investment Market (AIM) was set up in June 1995. The USM no longer accepted new introductions, and companies which were already quoted on the USM had twelve months to decide either to move the quotation to AIM, or to delist.

title: Unlisted Securities Market


text:
Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero

The Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero (Orden de Manuel Amador Guerrero) is the highest honour of Panama. Named after Manuel Amador Guerrero, the first president of Panama, the order was established on the 50th anniversary of Panama's independence on 29 October 1953. It is awarded to recognize distinguished people (Panamanians and non-Panamanians) in the sciences, arts, and politics.

Grades
There are four grades of the order:
 * Collar (Collar)
 * Grand-Cross (Gran-Cruz)
 * Grand-Officer (Gran-Oficial)
 * Commander (Comendador)

Collar

 * Elizabeth II, Queen of 7 States at the time of appointment, 29 November 1953
 * Josip Broz Tito, Yugoslav Marshal and President of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, 15 March 1976
 * Don Juan Carlos I, King of Spain, 16 September 1977
 * Servant of God Fra' Andrew Bertie, 78th Prince and Grand Master of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta, 2000
 * Fernando Henrique Cardoso, President of the Federative Republic of Brazil, 8 August 2001
 * Akihito, Emperor of Japan
 * Rainier III, Sovereign Prince of Monaco
 * Julio María Sanguinetti Coirolo, former President of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay
 * Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, President of the Federative Republic of Brazil
 * Nicos Anastasiades, President of Cyprus, 23 July 2013

Grand-Cross

 * Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, Prince Consort of 7 States at the time of appointment, 29 November 1953
 * Carlos González Parrodi, 1981
 * Carmen Romano, 1981
 * Alfonso de Rosenzweig Díaz, 1981
 * Luis G. Zorrilla, 1981
 * Fredrick Chien, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China, 1994
 * Eduardo Valdés Escoffery, 1994
 * Howard Baker Jr., 2001
 * Dionisio de Gracia Guillén, 2001
 * Suleiman Tayeb Ahmed Salem, 24 January 2008
 * Juan Daniel Alemán, General Secretary of the Central American Integration System, 11 October 2010
 * Juan Pablo de Laiglesia, 18 November 2011
 * Patriarch Theophilos III of Jerusalem, 1 June 2012
 * Yuan-Tseh Lee, 17 October 2012
 * Lawrence Edward Chewning Fábrega, Ambassador to the Organization of American States and Vatican City 18 August 2014
 * Dionisio Johnson, 30 December 2015

Grand-Officer

 * Anthony Bailey, interfaith campaigner, 2004
 * Martin D. Young
 * Sir Sean Connery, 11 March 2003
 * Paxson Offield, 2005
 * Robert Berry, 2005
 * Elsie Alvarado de Ricord, 2005
 * Eric Douglas Green, 17 October 2012
 * Dwight D. Eisenhower, President of the United States of America

Commander

 * Jorge Illueca, sometime President of the Republic of Panama
 * José López Portillo, President of the Mexican United States, 1981
 * Carlos Menem, President of the Argentine Republic, 1994
 * Sebastián Piñera, later President of the Republic of Chile, 2013

Unknown grade

 * Eugene N. S. Girard II
 * Anil K. Dhingra, 1997
 * Paul R. Noland, 1997
 * Jorge Alessandri Rodríguez, President of Chile
 * Enrique Berruga, 1 June 2001
 * Fire Department of New York, 27 November 2001
 * Harriet Mayor Fulbright
 * Jimmy Carter, President of the United States of America
 * Karl Johnson, 2001
 * Ramiro Ordóñez Jonama, 2001
 * Ricardo M. Alba, 2002
 * Harold Bernstein, 2002
 * Raul Orillac Arango, 2003
 * Matt Kim, 2012
 * David Rockefeller
 * Harold Christian Hofmann 2007
 * Luis Anderson McNeil

title: Order of Manuel Amador Guerrero


text:
Talk:Jizz

Delete or merge
Delete this or merge it to some kind of slang page or Semen Better yet, put it in the wikitionary. AshTM 23:16, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The funny thing is, Jizz/Jism, probably has the same root as the word "Jazz" as in the musical style, it is an African term for sex. Maybe this slang should be mentioned in the Jazz article, not that it would probably find some protest due to its nature. 67.5.213.244 01:52, 26 November 2005 (UTC)

 * It is also a term used in 'birding' (birdwatching); hence converted page to a disambig -- MightyWarrior 21:00, 17 March 2006 (UTC)

 * In British English, it has a wider meaning than just for birds; it may apply to any animal or plant.--Runcorn 20:19, 23 July 2006 (UTC)

"Jizz in My Pants"
Just thought I'd let any editors interested in jizz in on a recent AFD request over at Jizz in My Pants. Thanks. Peter Napkin Dance Party (talk) 22:07, 13 December 2008 (UTC)

Does the Star Wars term merit a mention?
Now, obviously we aren't going to have an in-depth document here of everything Star Wars, but I've read (probaly should grab some better sources) that the style of music played at the cantina is called, in-universe, "jizz". --181.115.109.94 (talk) 21:11, 13 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jizz


text:
Category:Airlines of Cuba

See Also: List of airlines and List of defunct airlines

title: Category:Airlines of Cuba