text:
Talk:Lord of Light

Untitled
"is a renegade crewman who has turned down god-hood"

I think this sentence is incorrect. In my book we are never told if Sam is a god...

 * Actually, I believe we are told that Sam had not taken up godhood, despite it being offered to him. The only time he accepts is in the section where he is the aging Siddhartha, and his acceptance there is false.

Shouldn't we mention that parts of the book was originally published in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction? --Kristjan Wager 08:50, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

From what I remember, much of the summary is incorrect or at least gives the wrong impression of the plot. I wouldn't mind rereading the book again anyway. ^_^ --Starwed 06:55, 20 September 2005 (UTC)

Sam, Buddhism and Deity
''Sam introduces Buddhism as a culture jamming tool and with this new religion, murder and outright rebellion strives to cripple the power of the "gods".

In many ways, the story of Lord of Light mirrors that of the novel Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse.''

 * And of the real story of Gautama himself, upon whose life Siddharta is modelled; or that of another boddhissatva prince. Buddha's was a revolt against Brahmin orthodoxy and his ethic involves no God, does not address the question of God; it addresses the question of self and sansara and mu/wu (all that is nothingness, sorta).  The egalitarian teachings of Sam in the book are in the same relative position; the revolution took hold in India for many years, including the great empire of Asoka and spread to other countries, even taming the wild and violent pre-Buddhist Tibetan civilization.  But within a number of centuries Buddhism in India was assimilated and propagandized back into Buddhism, and assmilitave Hindu multiplicity prevailed and reverence for divinity and ritual restored.  The reason Buddhists make offerings is that, human though he remains, Buddha's spirit is eternal, as well as aware; but he is still just a transcended being, not a god (although some sects might as well call him one).

 * And is Sam a god, as the comment above asks? Not if his character is buddhistic; boddhisattvas remain human, which is their whole meaning - that transcendence is possible within the mortal body, even though all the world is an illusion.  In Hinduism it is an illusion too, and so is all concept of the eternal; the Eternal can not be known.  In Buddhism, it can be entered - or rather, forgotten altogether, once one has reached samadhi, since all concept of mind has been lost in mindfulness....

 * Sorry for the ramble; I really gotta start a blog - but it's Wikifying as a habit that's got me writing a lot, 'tis true. Lotsa interesting subjects, and things I hadn't seen or thought about for a while.Skookum1 10:52, 26 November 2005 (UTC)

 * None of this applies, however, as Sam is not buddhistic. He merely pretends to be, because he believes it to be a way to break down the power of the gods.  It might apply to Rild, who may have actually been buddhistic, but it no one ever claimed that Rild was a god.

mkehrt 23:00, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

 * And yet despite Ratri's early comments and Sam's consistent denial, I would hesitate to say that he is not buddhistic. The book consistently obscures that fact: while Sam does not seem to have reached internal enlightenment, and certainly does himself believe he has, he posses a quality of enlightenment clearly abnormal.  Murugan and Taraka both, in somewhat supernatural ways, elevate him to the status of Lord of Light, and Taraka describes his words as binding and unbinding others.  Further, it are his words that bring Rild through to his enlightenment.  Denying Sam's status as a boddhisattva would seem an unreasonable step.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.246.116.3 (talk) 21:54, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

Blasphemy?
User talk:203.99.195.1 put the following into the article text. I'm not quite sure how to address it. It seems worthy of discussing here, it is not appropriate in the article as it stood. John (Jwy) 14:30, 7 February 2006 (UTC)

IS IT NOT BLASPHEMY TO WRITE ABOUT HINDU GODS LIKE THIS? WILL CHRISTIANS TOLERATE IT IF I WRITE A NOVEL AND KEEP JESUS AND MARY AS THE MAIN VILLAINS? WILL MUSLIMS TOLERATE IT IF I PORTRAY ALLAH AS A CRIMINAL? WHY SHOULD HINDUS BE INSULTED LIKE THIS? IT SHOWS A SICK MIND. THIS IS UTTER NONSENSE. ALL THE NAMES MENTIONED HERE ARE REVERED HINDU GODS. THE CREEPS WHO WROTE THIS NOVEL WILL DEFINITELY ROT IN THE HELL OF THEIR OWN RELIGION

 * Stupid and utterly pointless commentary, if only for the fact that this novel is not about gods, but about humans IMPERSONATING gods. He should at least have read the article. --TheOtherStephan 11:18, 12 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Completely pointless. Not nly are the characters humans assuming the mantles of gods, it wouldn't matter if it was about the Hindu gods themselves.  Wikipedia (theoretically) follows NPOV, and so the article only relates to the fact that the book exists.  The merits and flaws of its contents are not what is being adressed here.  The fact that this book may offend some people (fairly or unfairly) is not a reason to change the article on it. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 74.67.252.128 (talk) 00:39, 10 February 2007 (UTC).

It does raise the interesting question of how the novel in question was received in India, however.

[User Calibanu] 13.34, 16 August 2007

Indeed, in the Sudanese teddy bear blasphemy case a kindergarten teacher was in serious legal trouble for allowing her 5-year-olds to name a teddy bear "muhammad", despite the fact that "muhammad" is in fact the most common male name in the world. 10,000 protesters took to the streets demanding her execution! Wouldn't it be better if we could all stop trying to look for ways to take offense at trivial things such as teddy bears and works of fiction, and simply try to get along?? 173.79.1.186 (talk) 07:07, 15 October 2016 (UTC)

I wonder what the complainant would think of Michael Moorcock's novel Behold the Man, for example. —Tamfang (talk) 21:31, 21 May 2023 (UTC)

Rakasha or Demons?
On the page, the Rakasha are consistently referred to as demons - in fact the word Rakasha appears only once, in the description of Taraka, and it's not entirely apparent that the term Rakasha refers to the race of beings of which Taraka is most powerful. I know demon is the more familiar term to English readers, and they do possess traits similar to demons (with the exception of being supernatural, as the book puts it), but I think Rakasha would be more accurate. --Jamoche (talk) 02:13, 18 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Rakasha is what they call themselves. But the Gods call them demons. So both names are correct, just a matter of perspective. If you are American, think of George Washington. King George of England called him a terrorist, while Washington called himself a freedom fighter. 217.238.61.198 (talk) 14:22, 26 April 2016 (UTC)
 * LOL. King George never called him a 'terrorist'. He called him a rebel.

The article now consistently uses the spelling Rakshasa, which is more accurate in our world but does not appear in the novel (iirc). —Tamfang (talk) 21:32, 21 May 2023 (UTC)

 * It would be good to use the book name, and also mention that the other is more accurate. --GwydionM (talk) 07:24, 16 May 2024 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:LordofLight(Zelazny).jpg
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BetacommandBot (talk) 17:06, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Structure
The Structure section is entirely original research, and I have tagged it accordingly. It may look obvious to whoever wrote it, but this isn't the place to publish an analysis carried out by you. If you can't cite someone else who has made these observations, then cut it. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.91.171.36 (talk) 02:41, 22 November 2008 (UTC)

While the above comment is correct, it fails to note that some of the structure section is also flatly wrong -- the first six chapters of Lord of Light do not form a cycle at all. As noted in the summary below it, chapters 2-6 are the history leading up to the first chapter, but Sam's resurrection in the first chapter does not reset the rest of the world to the state it occupies at the beginning of chapter 2: Yama is a God in the past, and exiled in the present; the original Brahma (Madeline) is dead in the present and replaced by Shiva (to point out only two of the many significant changes that prevent the story from being cyclical). I have removed this paragraph. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.97.64.155 (talk) 01:34, 20 August 2013 (UTC)

Indian comment
Nice imaginative work, its nice to know that there is a work like this (almost in the lines of lord of the rings) involving India and hindu charecters, bravo!!!.

sorry to inform you that it really has no minute connection to hinduism or its philosophy and imaginatively tries to draw a magically "logical" history of religious evolution in India (offcourse not even closer to reallity). also i do not want to talk about gods and deamons but some part of story lines can definitly applied to normal human beings and period of society in India, which tried to keep the knowledge themselves and not to spread it out, may be thus cutting of all the knowledge what we had known. And now trying to go back and only to say hey we knew that !! (ya sure..:) ).

would have been nice to have seen the ARGO work completed. (for sure banned in India ;) ).

Shrikanthv (talk) 07:06, 15 November 2012 (UTC)

 * LoL does not purport to portray real Hinduism in India, but rather its adaptation to the purposes of the "Gods" on a fictional colony planet.... —Tamfang (talk) 00:53, 19 November 2012 (UTC)

Reception?
So, despite Zelazny being "curious as to how such a book would be received", judging by this article, there was no reception whatsoever? Also, it sorely lacks an analysis of influences. I'm sure there has been treatment of these subject in scholarly literature. --62.65.236.47 (talk) 10:55, 8 May 2016 (UTC)

The "Characters" section and linking to articles of the gods they were inspired by.
The "Characters" section hyperlinks each character to the article of the god/deity they were inspired by. I think it's important for the article to note that while the characters are based on the Hindu deities, they're not actually the same ones, and this edit of mine reflects that.

Aathish S (talk) 05:56, 29 June 2021 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Lord of Light


text:
James Clavell's Shōgun

James Clavell's Shōgun is an interactive fiction video game written by Dave Lebling and published by Infocom in 1989. It was released for the Amiga, Apple II, DOS, and Macintosh. The game is based on the 1975 novel Shōgun by James Clavell. It is Infocom's thirty-third game.

Plot
The game reproduces many of the novel's scenes, few of which are interconnected in any way. The player assumes the role of John Blackthorne, pilot-major of the Dutch trading ship Erasmus. During a voyage in the Pacific Ocean in the year 1600, the Erasmus is shipwrecked in Japan. Blackthorne must survive in a land where every custom is as unfamiliar to him as the language. After learning some of the society's ways, he is drawn into a political struggle between warlords and falls in love with a Japanese woman. Eventually, he embraces Japanese life and is honored as a samurai.

Development
James Clavell contributed little to the design of the game, although he and Dave Lebling met several times. He treated the game as a traditional licensing agreement rather than a collaboration. Consequently, the game contains many scenes from the novel presented verbatim or made thinly interactive.

Dave Lebling has said that he considers Shōgun the worst game he was ever responsible for overall, although he is proud of several of the timing puzzles.

Release
The Shōgun packaging includes two physical objects: a map representing John Blackthorne's "known world" of 1600, and The Soul of the Samurai, a booklet describing the history and significance of samurai swords.

Reception
Dave Arneson gave Shōgun a negative review in Computer Gaming World. He wrote that the linear nature of the game and poor hints contributed to guess-the-verb and trial-and-error gameplay, and that the illustrations—while "nice to look at"—did not provide information to play the game. Arneson praised the game's large size, but concluded that Shōgun was only "mildly interesting" and inferior to Zork Zero.

Dave Morris reviewed James Clavell's Shōgun for Games International magazine, and gave it 1 star out of 5, and stated that "I would rather have seen this game taking the novel as a springboard for much more open adventure possibilities. As it stands, I can't see who could get anything out of it. Except Infocom and James Clavell, that is."

title: James Clavell's Shōgun


text:
Lévy's continuity theorem

In probability theory, Lévy’s continuity theorem, or Lévy's convergence theorem, named after the French mathematician Paul Lévy, connects convergence in distribution of the sequence of random variables with pointwise convergence of their characteristic functions. This theorem is the basis for one approach to prove the central limit theorem and is one of the major theorems concerning characteristic functions.

Statement
Suppose we have

If the sequence of characteristic functions converges pointwise to some function $$\varphi$$
 * $$\varphi_n(t)\to\varphi(t) \quad \forall t\in\mathbb{R},$$

then the following statements become equivalent:

Proof
Rigorous proofs of this theorem are available.

title: Lévy's continuity theorem


text:
Talk:Chiltern Main Line

Last paragraph
Surely the last paragraph is somewhat subjective? -- 80.41.215.203 16:26, 21 Apr 2005

 * I have clatrified 'rubbish trains'; I presume that is what this comment was about. The last para now reads:

 * The line from Northolt Junction to Paddington alone has not been improved, and only one Chiltern train a day from Princes Risborough, and back, uses it, and only during the week. Freight trains carrying refuse from London use the line, however, and it has been used as a diversion when work is taking place on the line to Marylebone, or when the normal line into Paddington is closed.

 * which seems perfectly NPOV to me. What I don't understand is the last phrase and what exactly is thw 'normal line into Paddington'?. -- Chris j wood 20:09, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Split article?
Should this article be split up into several new articles? The suggested new article names are below. Our Phellap 23:07, 15 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Chiltern Main Line - just Marylebone-Birmingham Snow Hill
 * London to Aylesbury Line
 * Leamington to Stratford Line
 * Leamington to Coventry Line
 * Princes Risborough to Aylesbury Line

Oxford-Banbury spur?
The section on 'future' suggests that Oxford-Banbury could be transferred to Chiltern as a consequence of a new Oxford-Risborough line; given that XC use the line as a key part of the Reading-Birmingham route, would it not be unnecessarily confusing to move this to Chiltern? 62.239.159.6 (talk) 13:18, 7 January 2008 (UTC)

Line Speeds and History
I just added a bunch of info on line speeds and reformatted the History section to remove the "wall of text" effect. I'd appreciate any feedback available. -User:TheOneKEA (20080530 18:33) —Preceding comment was added at 22:33, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Thanks, the speed info is good. Too good perhaps. Maybe just a more simple bullet point list would be ok (see the B'ham to Worcester via Kidderminster line page). Btline (talk) 16:49, 12 June 2008 (UTC)

BTW measuring speeds with GPS shows that W&S travel around 100mph between bicester and risborough ... perhaps they've successfully obtained derogations to observe some of the higher speed limits? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.3.230.236 (talk) 14:26, 9 June 2010 (UTC)

Not Intercity
This line is not an Intercity line. Yes, it links two cities, but it is the slower, secondary route between them. It is a regional secondary route and a commuter route. I have changed this. I have also changed the commuter to mention B'ham commuters as well as London. Btline (talk) 20:10, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

Unfortunately, you're wrong. It is an intercity line, not an InterCity line. The line links Greater London (which is a de facto city) with the City of Birmingham, and thus qualifies as an intercity route. Howerver, it never regularly carried trains that were branded under the old BR InterCity brand; AFAICR it carried trains branded under the BR CrossCountry/Regional Railways brand. Line speeds, the presence of commuter traffic, and its (possible) classification as a secondary route by Network Rail doesn't really enter into the equation IMO. -User:TheOneKEA (20080618 18:35 GMT) —Preceding comment was added at 22:37, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

InterCity and Intercity are the same thing, albeit spelt differently. This line is NOT the Intercity/InterCity route between the two cities. The WCML is. There are no such services. It is a secondary line, which is regional (demonstrated by its stopping patterns). Many lines link two cities, but they are not Intercity lines unless they have intercity/express services. Think about Leeds to Lancaster, Manchester to Cardiff via Ludlow (as opposed to the XC route), Bristol / Exeter to London Waterloo (as opposed to London Paddington), Carlisle to Glasgow via Dumfries. None of these are Intercity lines, even though thet link two cities.

Therefore, the Chiltern route is not an Intercity line.

The fact that it is a commuter route is irrelevant. The WCML is also a commuter route as well as an InterCity route. My commuter remark was just about the fact that the page did ot mention B'ham commuters. Btline (talk) 19:24, 19 June 2008 (UTC)

Sorry, but I completely disagree with you. I spelled out quite clearly (IMO) the difference between 'no caps' intercity (which is any train service between two cities), and 'InterCaps' InterCity (which is a very specific brand that existed before BR Privatisation and only existed on a specific set of clearly described BR routes). And IMO stopping patterns don't matter to one jot when describing whether or not a train service is an intercity train service, which the Chiltern Line clearly is!

If I appear to be splitting hairs, I'm doing so because I feel the need to try to explain my position on the very real difference between an InterCity route (which the Chiltern Main Line is _NOT_) and intercity (which it is). All of the routes you mention above are most certainly NOT InterCity routes, because they never regularly carried BR InterCity services. They, however, are all intercity routes, because they link two or more cities.

However, I will accept that the route is a secondary route, and that the WCML is the primary route. That, however, IMO has little to no bearing on whether or not the Chiltern Main Line is an intercity route. -User:TheOneKEA (20080619 19:43) —Preceding comment was added at 23:43, 19 June 2008 (UTC)

Ok, although I still disagree and think that the Chiltern Line is not an Intercity route, perhaps a compromise of "secondary intercity" or similar could be found. Btline (talk) 16:12, 20 June 2008 (UTC)

The fact that WSMR trains use the route strengthens the case to call it an Intercity/intercity route. These are long distance locomotive worked trains. 7severn7 (talk) 20:32, 5 May 2010 (UTC)

 * Current usage in the technical press for referring to lines that run between cities, but are not "inter-city" in the generally understood British sense of that term, is to call them "inter-urban" and I have amended the article accordingly. Alarics (talk) 10:17, 16 July 2010 (UTC)

 * As far as I know, the word 'intercity' existed long before the BR concept of InterCity- for something linking two cities. The word 'inter-urban' doesn't mean the same thing; any reasonably sized settlement could be described as urban, so a rural railway such as the Aylesbury-Princes Risborough could be called inter-urban, though of course not InterCity. Whilst the Chiltern Main line connects many urban areas (making it inter-urban), it also links two (major) cities making it intercity, just not the InterCity that British Rail ran. There is a difference. 90.196.10.20 (talk) 23:28, 16 July 2010 (UTC)

 * I think it is a bit misleading to call Chiltern an intercity line, as it is clearly a secondary route. "Inter-urban" is not, as far as I have seen, being used for anything as local as Aylesbury to Princes Risborough. The specialist press uses it to describe routes such as Birmingham-Norwich and Cardiff-Portsmouth, precisely in order, I think, to avoid calling these services intercity because of the more specific meaning that that word has come to carry.

 * Incidentally, I don't think the word did exist much before BR turned it into a brand, except as the title of a named train ("The Inter-City", from London to Wolverhampton, in the 1950s). Since 1966 when BR launched the InterCity brand for fast, high-quality trains, other railways (Germany, etc.) have copied it to mean the same thing. If you travel on a stopping train, your journey might well be from one major city to another but it won't be on what is generally meant by an intercity train. Trying to make the distinction by using a lower-case i for one purpose and a capital I for another purpose will be too subtle for most readers, I suspect. Alarics (talk) 04:03, 17 July 2010 (UTC)
 * The name was first used in October 1950 for a specific Paddington-Birmingham-Wolverhampton (Low Level) service, "The Inter-City". This was de-named in the 1960s in order to release the name for general use from 1967 with the Euston-Birmingham electrification. Bonavia (a former LNER & BR employee) states: "the London Midland Region electrics set much higher standards for fast and comfortable Inter-City travel in 1967. The term Inter-City in fact originated there - borrowed from a named Paddington-Birmingham express but obviously too good to waste on a single train. Now it is used as a brand name by several other European railways" It's probably worth pointing out that although BR's named service "The Inter-City" began at Paddington, not Marylebone, from Northolt Junction to Birmingham Snow Hill it followed exactly the same route as the present Chiltern Main Line. -- Red rose64 (talk) 15:20, 17 July 2010 (UTC)
 * The name was first used in October 1950 for a specific Paddington-Birmingham-Wolverhampton (Low Level) service, "The Inter-City". This was de-named in the 1960s in order to release the name for general use from 1967 with the Euston-Birmingham electrification. Bonavia (a former LNER & BR employee) states: "the London Midland Region electrics set much higher standards for fast and comfortable Inter-City travel in 1967. The term Inter-City in fact originated there - borrowed from a named Paddington-Birmingham express but obviously too good to waste on a single train. Now it is used as a brand name by several other European railways" It's probably worth pointing out that although BR's named service "The Inter-City" began at Paddington, not Marylebone, from Northolt Junction to Birmingham Snow Hill it followed exactly the same route as the present Chiltern Main Line. -- Red rose64 (talk) 15:20, 17 July 2010 (UTC)
 * The name was first used in October 1950 for a specific Paddington-Birmingham-Wolverhampton (Low Level) service, "The Inter-City". This was de-named in the 1960s in order to release the name for general use from 1967 with the Euston-Birmingham electrification. Bonavia (a former LNER & BR employee) states: "the London Midland Region electrics set much higher standards for fast and comfortable Inter-City travel in 1967. The term Inter-City in fact originated there - borrowed from a named Paddington-Birmingham express but obviously too good to waste on a single train. Now it is used as a brand name by several other European railways" It's probably worth pointing out that although BR's named service "The Inter-City" began at Paddington, not Marylebone, from Northolt Junction to Birmingham Snow Hill it followed exactly the same route as the present Chiltern Main Line. -- Red rose64 (talk) 15:20, 17 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Er, why is it probably worth pointing that out? I can't quite work out whether you're agreeing with me or not! Alarics (talk) 19:36, 17 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Well, it kind-of makes the case that if any route has a claim to the title "Inter City", then this one got first dibs (I've found another pre-1967 use of the term (although non-railway) at Inter-Cities Fairs Cup).
 * But how do we actually define the term "Inter-city" in relation to the importance, or otherwise, of a UK rail line? If you look at the lede of Inter-city rail, we don't really know; but see the sentence "Most typically, an inter-city train is an express train with limited stops and comfortable carriages to serve long-distance travel.". Later on it specifies a minimum average speed of 100 km/h and defines "long-distance" somewhat vaguely as "The distance of an inter-city rail journey is about 50 or 100 km at least by its definition." Let's go by 100 km.
 * If you take the xx50 departures from Marylebone to Birmingham (SH), these mostly have eight intermediate stops (first stop Bicester), total time 2h 11m for 112 mi, ave undefined mph. Now compare an acknowleged IC service which shares 47 miles of the same route, ie the xx41 Reading-Birmingham (NS) service: 3 intermediate stops (avoiding Coventry), 1h 37m for 94 mi, ave undefined mph.
 * So, whilst the speed fails, so does that of Reading-Birmingham (which has the benefit of the excellent alignment on Brunel's Billiard Table as far as Didcot East Junction); the stops are limited (although the Reading-Birmingham runs through four stations which the Marylebone train calls at, ie Warwick, W. Parkway, Dorridge, Solihull); the carriages aren't bad compared to some post-Privatisation rabbit hutches; and the distance comfortably exceeds 100 km. I think it ticks sufficient boxes and merits the description "Inter-city". -- Red rose64 (talk) 20:36, 17 July 2010 (UTC)

"The Inter-City" was a crack express of its day, and today's Chiltern service from London to Birmingham isn't that kind of train at all; the fact that it happens to take the same route seems to me, with all due respect, completely irrelevant.

More significantly perhaps, I would have thought that, in modern British conditions, any train that can't even make "even time" (60mph end to end) is not what we generally mean by intercity, and while you call Reading-Birmingham "acknowledged IC", it's only so because it happens to be one small bit of the CrossCountry group of services, which was only ever in the InterCity sector by the skin of its teeth IIRC.

Anyway, there is no hard and fast definition, as you say. I'm happy with the opening sentence as it now stands - presumably you're not? Would you like to rephrase it, in that case? Alarics (talk) 05:14, 18 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Since this seems to be such a confusing argument, here's the Oxford English dictionary defintion for the word "intercity":

 * Intercity: /adjective/ existing or travelling between cities

 * It is not a word coined by British Rail, they just capitalised the 'C'. London is a city. Birmingham is a city. So the line is intercity. It's not debatable. The word "inter-urban" is not in there, hyphenated or not. As British Rail (the operator) doesn't exist any more, I think the argument for using "intercity" to exclusively refer to former InterCity routes is very weak. Oliver Fury, Esq.  message  • contributions  20:50, 19 July 2010 (UTC)

 * That dictionary definition is very general. Context is all. In the context of railways, and in particular railways in Europe including Britain, "intercity" is generally understood to mean something a bit more specific than that. The stopping train from Manchester to Liverpool starts in one city and ends in another, but nobody would call it an intercity service. Ditto the stopping service between Cologne and Dusseldorf. I think a minimum requirement is a certain speed, which would vary from country to country because these definitions are somewhat relative, but in Britain I think most people would be surprised to find anything with an end-to-end speed of well under 60 mph being described as intercity. In the case of the Chiltern Main Line, one question which presents itself is, is this how I would actually get from London to Birmingham? and the answer is "no", because the train from Euston to New Street is much quicker. As for "inter-urban", it may not yet be in the dictionary but it has clearly been adopted by observers in the specialised press to mean services that don't quite qualify as intercity in the sense that that phrase has come to be understood in the context of modern railway services in Britain. Alarics (talk) 21:44, 19 July 2010 (UTC)

'Slower but more direct'?
"Although the West Coast Main Line is the faster and original main line between the two cities, the Chiltern Main Line remains popular due to its more direct route between its two termini" - this makes no sense. The route is clearly not more direct as it takes at least 30 minutes longer on average with far more stops. Surely the reason the Chiltern line is popular is because it's frequently cheaper than the West Coast services? Smurfmeister (talk) 13:22, 9 October 2008 (UTC)

 * I agree, but without a reliable source confirming that Chiltern prices are less than Virgin, it cannot be stated. However, I do think it is more direct, the reason it takes longer is a) all the stops and b) the West Coast trains can travel much faster than Chiltern. OllieFury (talk) 16:43, 9 October 2008 (UTC)

 * I'll just add some facts for the benefit of readers: FACT 1 the Chiltern route is about 2 miles shorter than the WCML. FACT 2 Chiltern is cheaper on all buy on the day ticket types and the same on Advances. Btline (talk) 17:59, 6 May 2010 (UTC)

MOC Ruling Question
Does the recent purchase of Arriva by DB overcome the MOC ruling preventing WSMR trains from calling at Birmingham New Street? 7severn7 (talk) 20:34, 5 May 2010 (UTC)

 * No it doesn't, this clause will apparently be removed when the West Coast franchise is up for renewal in 2012 (whether Virgin Trains get renewed or another operator takes over) --Geezertronic (talk) 08:26, 6 May 2010 (UTC)

Too many links
I'm afraid this article is still badly overlinked. I've reinstated the template and removed some of the duplicates (eg. 'High Wycombe' and 'West Coast Main Line') but there are still many remaining. 'Aynho Junction' was Wikilinked no less than nine times. —MegaPedant 16:18, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

 * I've removed much of the overlinking and deleted the template. —MegaPedant 16:31, 21 February 2010 (UTC)

the Chiltern Main Line remains popular due to its more direct route between its two termini
Why should it be popular because it's slower? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.189.103.145 (talk) 19:50, 15 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Compared to the Euston-Rugby-Birmingham New Street route, the Marylebone-Banbury-Birmingham Snow Hill route is indeed slower (by some 30 min or more), but has three advantages that I see: - first off, it's cheaper; second, the trains are less crowded; third, they tend to be more punctual. -- Red rose64 (talk) 20:27, 15 June 2010 (UTC)
 * The reference to "popular" was unclear, unsourced and subjective, and has been removed. Alarics (talk) 10:20, 16 July 2010 (UTC)

Evergreen 3
This section needs updating in the light of events, including the completion of the "mainline" upgrade. The order of the section is rather odd as it seems to imply that the Bicester-Oxford redoubling and Bicester chord would occur before the (now-completed) mainline upgrade. The last time I checked the Transport and Works Order for the former had not even yet been granted. I intend shortly to update the article, but will reorder it to make it more logical, and reference the actual timetable.

Ivanberti (talk) 21:39, 14 November 2011 (UTC)

Blacklisted Links Found on the Main Page
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Below is a list of links that were found on the main page:

 * http://www.railway-technology.com/contractors/signal/delta-rail/press7.html
 * Triggered by  on the local blacklist

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From your friendly hard working bot.— cyberbot II NotifyOnline 12:48, 3 April 2014 (UTC)

✅ This issue has been resolved, and I have therefore removed the tag, if not already done. No further action is necessary.— cyberbot II NotifyOnline 20:10, 9 April 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 10 external links on Chiltern Main Line. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
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 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.chilternrailways.co.uk/news/chiltern-railways-names-new-oxfordshire-station-oxford-parkway
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.chilternrailways.co.uk/mainline/faqs
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090828064814/http://www.chiltern-evergreen3.co.uk/ to http://www.chiltern-evergreen3.co.uk/
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Move?
Why has this been moved without any discussion? The capitalised form seems to be overwhelmingly prevalent based on Google searches, albeit often spelt as Mainline. G-13114 (talk) 02:34, 12 February 2021 (UTC)
 * It appears that did it unilaterally, along with several others such as Dartford Loop Line. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 12:38, 12 February 2021 (UTC)
 * I've put it back. If they want to move it again they can do a proper RM. G-13114 (talk) 16:20, 12 February 2021 (UTC)
 * [//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Log?type=move&user=053pvr&offset=20210209000000&dir=prev Recent similar moves]. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 20:47, 12 February 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Chiltern Main Line


text:
Father of the Country

Father of the Country could mean:

 * Pater Patriae or Father of the Nation, a Roman honorific
 * Father of the Nation
 * List of national founders

title: Father of the Country


text:
User:Brookie/Wiki connections

People I have met

 * Anne Widdecombe
 * Banja Tejan-Sie
 * Barry Cryer
 * Clarissa Dickson-Wright
 * Colin Atkinson - my old headmaster
 * Derek Nimmo
 * Jeff Butterfield - family friend
 * Jim Marshall (businessman)
 * John Frederick Demartini
 * John Sergeant (journalist)
 * Mike Oldfield
 * Nick Petford
 * Prince Charles
 * Stephen Spurr

People I am related to

 * Hannah Marshman
 * Joshua Marshman
 * John Clark Marshman
 * Arthur Marshman
 * Henry Havelock
 * Henry Marshman Havelock-Allan

Places

 * Where I live Grendon
 * Places I go to often Easton Maudit, Castle Ashby, Wellingborough, Northampton, Farndish
 * My local pub - The Half Moon
 * My University University of Southampton

My Degree

 * Bachelor of arts in Philosophy LOL

My Schools

 * Clifton College
 * Millfield

My headmaster

 * Colin Atkinson

Performers that I have seen live

 * Anastacia
 * Andrea Bocelli
 * Andrea Ross
 * Andy Fairweather Low
 * Bryan Ferry
 * Connie Fisher
 * Donny Osmond
 * Duran Duran
 * Elton John
 * English National Ballet
 * Eric Clapton
 * Fergie
 * Hazel O'Connor
 * James Morrison
 * Jane McDonald
 * Josh Groban
 * Joss Stone
 * Judy Tzuke
 * Kanye West
 * Lee Mead
 * Leonard Cohen
 * Lily Allen
 * Lindisfarne
 * Mackenzie Crook
 * Maggie Smith
 * Natasha Bedingfield
 * Nelly Furtado
 * Orson
 * P Diddy
 * Pharrel Williams
 * Rick Wakeman
 * Ricky Gervais
 * Rod Stewart
 * Roger Hodgson
 * Roy Chubby Brown
 * Rush
 * Sarah Brightman
 * Sharon Robinson (songwriter)
 * Status Quo
 * Steve Winwood
 * Take That
 * The Feeling
 * The Psychedelic Furs
 * The Webb Sisters
 * Think Floyd
 * Tom Jones
 * Will Young

Entries with a family connection

 * Marshman Warren Taylor
 * Cheese House
 * Serampore
 * Serampore College
 * Horton
 * Horton Rounds
 * Northampton

People I know; people I was at school with

 * Colin Atkinson
 * Damian Aspinall
 * Tito Benady
 * Duncan Goodhew
 * Greg Thomas
 * Harry Cowell
 * Helen Fox
 * Ian Liddell-Grainger
 * Jason Connery
 * Jeff Butterfield
 * Joanne Atkinson
 * John Senior
 * Jon Bentley (TV presenter)
 * Margot James
 * Mark Palios
 * Pat Fish
 * Roland Rudd
 * Sarah Jarvis
 * Tony Blackburn

Books I am in

 * Clifton College Register

My Job

 * Insolvency practitioner

People's graves that I have seen

 * Field Marshal Viscount Alanbrooke
 * Winston Churchill

Drinks I have drunk

 * Leffe
 * Snifter
 * Talisker

Entries that I have seen or visited

 * Castle Ashby's Parvise
 * Castle Ashby's Ha-Ha
 * Castle Ashby estate

My Camera
Canon EOS-350D

Cruise Liners that I have been on

 * The Braemar

title: User:Brookie/Wiki connections


text:
Shelf corporation

A shelf corporation, shelf company, or aged corporation is a company or corporation that has had no activity. It was created and left with no activity – metaphorically put on the "shelf" to "age". The company can then be sold to a person or group of persons who wish to start a company without going through all the procedures of creating a new one.

Reasons for buying
Common reasons for buying a shelf corporation include:
 * To save the time involved in taking the steps to create a new corporation.
 * To gain the opportunity to bid on contracts. Some jurisdictions require that a company be in business for a certain length of time to have this ability.
 * To show corporate longevity in order to attract consumers or investors.
 * To gain access to corporate credit.

These reasons are open to criticism. Many years ago, it would take months to properly incorporate a business. However, it is now quite easy, at least in Australia, Canada, the United States, Western Europe and the United Arab Emirates, to do so. In fact, it can now be done in as little as a couple of hours in some jurisdictions. In Australia, a new company can get registered within 10 minutes. A corporation might end up "on the shelf" precisely because of a bad business history.

A number of consortia "produce" and sell shelf corporations, promoting the fact that the new buyer can at the same time have a corporation with a long history, and yet have complete control over the establishment of the corporation's board of directors and shareholder profile.

One item to be aware of is the re-aging of the shelf corporation. If the credit bureaus learn about the company being under new management, they will list it on their reports, effectively "re-aging" the company.

Examples
A Reuters report described Wyoming Corporate Services as an example of a vendor of shelf companies, which were literally stored in mailboxes labelled as "corporate suites" in the main room of a 1700 sqft brick house a few blocks from the Wyoming State Capitol. Over 700 companies were available at prices depending on their age, ranging from $5,995 for a six-year-old company to $645 for one recently created. It is one of scores of similar businesses setting up shop, primarily in Delaware, Wyoming, and Nevada due to regulatory considerations.

In Restoration France, new newspapers needed royal permissions to start. But newspapers founded before 1822 could continue printing. So the opposition bought the rights to newspapers founded before 1822 and since closed, and resumed printing them.

title: Shelf corporation


text:
Stenberg v. Carhart

Stenberg v. Carhart, 530 U.S. 914 (2000), was a landmark decision of the US Supreme Court dealing with a Nebraska law which made performing "partial-birth abortion" illegal, without regard for the health of the mother. Nebraska physicians who performed the procedure contrary to the law were subject to having their medical licenses revoked. The Court struck down the law, finding the Nebraska statute criminalizing "partial birth abortion[s]" violated the Due Process Clause of the United States Constitution, as interpreted in Planned Parenthood v. Casey and Roe v. Wade.

The Court would later uphold a similar, albeit federal statute, in Gonzales v. Carhart (2007).

History
LeRoy Carhart, a Nebraska physician who specialized in late-term abortions, brought suit against Don Stenberg, the Attorney General of Nebraska, seeking declaratory judgment that a state law banning certain forms of abortion was unconstitutional, based on the undue burden test mentioned by a dissenting opinion in Akron v. Akron Center for Reproductive Health and by the Court in Planned Parenthood v. Casey. Both a federal district court and the U.S. Court of Appeals ruled in favor of Carhart before the case was appealed to the Supreme Court.

The Nebraska statute prohibited "partial birth abortion", which it defined as any abortion in which the physician "partially delivers vaginally a living unborn child before killing the unborn child and completing the delivery." The most common type of abortion performed is suction-aspiration abortion which consists of a vacuum tube inserted into the uterus; others consist of what is known as "D&E" (dilation and evacuation), which is usually used during the second trimester because of the increased size of the fetus. The procedure dilates the cervix, dismembers the fetus, and then removes the body parts with non-vacuum instruments, and, in some cases, uses curettage inside the uterus so that the remaining fetus can be evacuated. Dr. Carhart wanted to use a modified version of this called "D&X" (Dilation and Extraction), which, rather than commencing curettage inside the uterus, extracts part of the fetus first and then begins the process of dismemberment. Carhart stated that he wanted to perform this procedure because he believed it would be safer and would involve fewer risks for the women; it lowered the risk of leaving potentially harmful fetal tissue in the uterus, and it minimized the number of instruments physicians needed to use.

Experts in fetal development provide markedly different assessments of the kind and degree of pain (if any) experienced by the fetus (see Fetal pain). Although in the second and third trimesters the nervous system is largely in place, the level of consciousness or awareness of the fetus is a matter of debate. Experiments aimed at measuring fetal pain have yielded results that are somewhat open to interpretation, given that measurable reactions of the fetus to stimuli may not correspond directly to an adult experience of pain.

The medical and scientific questions surrounding partial-birth abortion are impacted in the public arena by political and special interest considerations, resulting in a certain degree of media hype surrounding this case. Proponents of abortion rights on the one hand and those in opposition to abortion rights on the other both decry what they describe as myths regarding this procedure that have passed into mainstream American debate on the issue.

U.S. Supreme Court ruling
The case was argued in 2000. The first issue was the lack of an exception for the woman's health. The state of Nebraska took the position that D&X abortions were never medically necessary, meaning that an exception was not needed. Secondly, it was inquired on whether or not the law could be construed to apply to other forms of abortion, in which case it would violate the "right to privacy" interpreted from the Constitution, as described in the Roe and Casey decisions. The law had never been certified to the Supreme Court of Nebraska, as it had been challenged two days after the law was passed.

Opinion of the court and concurring opinions
Justice Stephen Breyer, in writing the opinion of the Court, cited Planned Parenthood v. Casey and said that any abortion law that imposed an undue burden on a woman's "right to choose" (right to abortion) was unconstitutional. He said that causing those who procure abortions to "fear prosecution, conviction, and imprisonment" was an undue burden, and therefore declared the law to be against the Constitution. Justices John Paul Stevens, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, David Souter, and Sandra Day O'Connor all agreed that the law was unconstitutional, but Ginsburg wrote a separate opinion, as did O'Connor. Ginsburg stated plainly that a state could not force physicians to use procedures other than what they felt in their own judgment to be the safest, that this was part of the "life and liberty" protected under the Constitution. O'Connor agreed, saying that any such procedural law would have to be applied only to prevent unnecessary partial-birth abortions, and would have to include an exception for the health of the woman (as this law did not). Justice Stevens also filed a separate opinion. He noted that government had no right to force doctors to perform any procedure other than what they felt would be the safest.

Dissents
Justice Anthony Kennedy dissented. Kennedy claimed this type of law was allowed by their ruling in Planned Parenthood v. Casey, which allowed laws to preserve prenatal life to a certain extent. He called Sandra Day O'Connor's opinion a "repudiation" of the understandings and assurances given in Casey. Justice Kennedy also detailed what he deemed a constitutionally protected alternative to partial-birth abortion. In a short separate opinion, Chief Justice Rehnquist stated that he did not join Casey but felt that Justice Kennedy had applied its precedent correctly, and thus joined his opinion.

Justice Clarence Thomas read his dissent from the bench when the decision was announced, stating that abortion was not a right contained in the Constitution, and sharply criticized the majority and concurring opinions. Chief Justice William Rehnquist, along with Antonin Scalia, and Thomas had consistently said that they did not believe abortion is a protected right, and had pointed out that "privacy" is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution. Thomas also pointed out in his dissenting opinion that even if abortion was a woman's right, the law in question was not designed to strike at the right itself. He reminded the others that many groups, including the American Medical Association, had concluded that partial-birth abortion was very different from other forms of abortion, and was often considered infanticide. Thomas further noted that the gruesome nature of some partial-birth abortions has caused personal trauma in the doctors performing them.

In his dissent, Justice Scalia recalled his prior dissent in Casey in which he had criticized the undue burden standard as "doubtful in application as it is unprincipled in origin." What constitutes an undue burden is a value judgment, argued Scalia; it should therefore be no surprise that the Court split on whether the Nebraska statute constitutes an undue burden. Scalia moreover chastised Kennedy for feeling betrayed by the majority. Scalia declared that the Stenberg decision was not "a regrettable misapplication of Casey,"—as Kennedy claimed—but "Casey's logical and entirely predictable consequence". Denouncing the undue burden standard of Casey as illegitimate, Scalia called for Casey to be overruled.

Effects of the decision
By a 5–4 majority, the Nebraska law was struck down, as were all other state laws banning partial-birth abortion. Three years later, however, the federal government enacted a Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003. This law did not include an exception for the health of the woman, as Justice O'Connor said it must. Congress inserted findings into the law saying that the procedure is never needed to protect maternal health. Although several federal judges struck down this federal law, citing the precedent of Stenberg v. Carhart, it was eventually upheld by the Supreme Court in Gonzales v. Carhart.

title: Stenberg v. Carhart


text:
Talk:Green Alliance (think tank)

[Untitled]
Green Alliance is a Green Resource Network of Greeners and Green Event Producers, Promoters, and Coordinators. We are alligning to create a cohesive Green Resource Network of Greeners Greening with Green Event Producers in Northern California. One of our goals is Zero Waste at all events in Northern California.

 * OK, and that's commendable, but it's not a reason for including you in an encyclopedia. Wikipedia documents things that are notable, be they rocks or rockstars. We are not a way of promoting something to make it notable, and if you think about it, we've got to take a fairly hard line on this, otherwise we'd be overwhelmed by wannabees (rockstars especially).

 * So, what's notable about your organisation? Have you hit the headlines yet? When, where and why? Andrewa 22:56, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

from vfd
Votes for deletion/Green Alliance 01:30, 10 May 2005 (UTC)

Delete this article
This article is one of the stupidest i have come across since being democratically elected as the king of wikipedia. I demand its deletion at once! THE KING 10:50, 22 May 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Green Alliance (think tank)


text: User talk:63.86.133.72

title: User talk:63.86.133.72


text:
Pope Theonas of Alexandria

Pope Theonas of Alexandria was the 16th Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria, reigning from 282 to 300.

Life
Theonas was a scholar who built a church in Alexandria, Egypt dedicated to the name of the Virgin St. Mary, the Theotokos.

Until his time, the faithful were praying and performing their services in homes and in caves for fear of the unbelievers. Pope Theonas dealt with them wisely and gently to achieve what he wanted to do. He converted many of them to believe in the Lord Christ and baptized them.

He baptized, in the first year of his papacy, St. Peter, who succeeded him on the apostolic throne of St. Mark and was the 17th Pope. It was said that he ordained Peter as a reader at the age of five, then he promoted him to be a deacon at the age of twelve, then as a priest at sixteen.

At the time of this patriarch, a man by the name of Sabellius appeared in Alexandria who was teaching that the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit are one person. Theonas excommunicated him and he invalidated his heresy by convincing proof.

Butler's account
The hagiographer Alban Butler (1710–1773) wrote in his Lives of the Fathers, Martyrs, and Other Principal Saints under August 23, "St. Theonas, Bishop of Alexandria, Confessor HE succeeded St. Maximus in that patriarchal chair in 282, and held it almost nineteen years, being himself, by the shining light of his sanctity and learning, the greatest ornament of that church at a time when it was in both respects most flourishing. St. Pierius was then priest and catechist in that church, and supported the high reputation of its school, so as to be styled himself the young Origen. Among the many works which Pierius left, nothing but some few fragments have reached us. Photius tells us, that in a book which he wrote upon St. Luke's gospel, he proved that the disrespect which is shown to images falls back upon that which they represent. St. Theonas himself wrote a useful letter of instruction, how the Christians who lived in the emperor's court ought to behave; it was addressed to Lucian, first chamberlain to the Emperor Dioclesian. St. Theonas died in 300, and was succeeded by St. Peter. St. Alexander built in that city a church dedicated to God, under the patronage of St. Theonas. See St. Jerom, Eusebius, Cave, Hist. Liter., p. 172. Ceillier, t. 3. Du Pin, Bibl. p. 156."

title: Pope Theonas of Alexandria


text:
KernelTrap

KernelTrap was a computing news website which covered topics related to the development of free and open source operating system kernels, and especially, the Linux kernel.

News stories usually consisted of a summary of a recent discussion from a development mailing list (Linux kernel mailing list) followed by the entire contents of several messages from the discussion. Each story had moderated threaded discussion attached to it. The site also included a forum for general discussion of computing topics.

The site used the Drupal content management system. Kerneltrap was hosted by the Oregon State University Open Source Lab from May 2005.

The site was operated by Jeremy Andrews.

Current status
The site has not been active since 12 April 2010, only 12 days after it became active again after a full year without any news items (except a note about upgrading the site engine, Drupal). Since May of 2021, the kerneltrap.org domain points to a lengthy KernelTrap-style interview with Linus Torvalds on Jeremy's consulting company website.

Books
KernelTrap has been referenced in several books.
 * Linux Kernel Development by Robert Love
 * Red Hat Linux 9 Bible by Christopher Negus
 * SUSE Linux 10.0 Unleashed by Mike McCallister
 * Measuring Information Systems Delivery Quality by Evan W. Duggan and Han Reichgelt

title: KernelTrap


text:
User:Havergal

My name is not Havergal. It is Andrew. I often look at stubs and wish I had the time or inclination to expand them. But mostly I just correct minor mistakes. That is my contribution. I browse Wikipedia regularly, but don't know enough about computers and can't be bothered to read all of anything, so I don't know how to do anything clever. So I will continue correcting mistakes, such as changing 'Oscar Awards' to 'Academy Awards', and the like.

title: User:Havergal


text:
Barbara M. Joosse

Barbara M. Joosse (born February 18, 1949) is an American children's writer. She has been writing for children for over thirty years. She has published thirty-eight books for children, both picture books and chapter books. Through her writing, she aspires to find the things that are the same, and the things that are different, between us all. She has toured worldwide to promote her books, which have been translated into twenty-eight languages.

She was born in Grafton, Wisconsin to Robert Elmer (a banker) and M. Eileen Monnot on February 18, 1949. Her first marriage was to Peter Clifford Joosse (a psychiatrist) on August 30, 1969. They had three children: Maaike Sari, Anneke Els, and Robert Collin. Her second marriage was to Charles Thomas Whitehouse (a bronze sculptor) on July 30, 2005. She attended college in Wisconsin, first at the University of Wisconsin--Stevens Point and then received her B.A. at the University of Wisconsin--Madison in 1970. She attended University of Wisconsin--Milwaukee from 1977 to 1980, taking creative writing classes. She is a member of the Society of Children's Book Writers and Illustrators and the Council for Wisconsin Writers.

Awards
Mama, Do You Love Me?
 * Golden Kite Award, 1991
 * California Children's Book Award, 1992

I Love You the Purplest Wild Willie and King Kyle, Detectives Lewis and Papa: Adventure on the Santa Fe Trail Stars in the Darkness
 * Council for Wisconsin Writers, Archer Eckblad Award
 * Austrian Honor Book
 * Nevada Young Reader's Award
 * "Living the Dream" book award, 2002

Nugget and Darling
 * Wisconsin Library Association, Outstanding Achievement

Works

 * Losers Fight Back: a Wee Willie Mystery, Clarion Books, 1994. ISBN 0-395-62335-9
 * Morning Chair, Clarion Books, 1995. ISBN 0-395-62337-5
 * I Love You the Purplest, Chronicle Books, 1996. ISBN 0-8118-0718-5
 * Nugget & Darling, Clarion Books, 1997. ISBN 0-395-64571-9
 * Ghost Trap: A Wild Willie Mystery, Clarion Books, 1998. ISBN 0-395-66587-6
 * Lewis & Papa, Chronicle Books, 1998. ISBN 0-8118-1959-0
 * Snow Day!, Houghton Mifflin, 1999. ISBN 0-395-96890-9
 * Alien Brain Fryout: a Wee Willie Mystery, Clarion Books, 2000. ISBN 0-395-68964-3
 * Ghost Wings, Chronicle Books, 2001. ISBN 0-8118-2164-1
 * Houseful of Christmas, Henry Holt, 2001. ISBN 0-8050-6391-9
 * Mama, Do You Love Me?, Chronicle Books, 2001. ISBN 0-8118-3212-0
 * Stars in the Darkness, Chronicle Books, 2002. ISBN 0-8118-2168-4
 * Bad Dog School, Clarion Books, 2004. ISBN 0-618-13331-3
 * Hot City, Philomel, 2004. ISBN 0-399-23640-6
 * Nikolai, the Only Bear, Philomel Books, 2005. ISBN 0-399-23884-0
 * Papa, Do You Love Me?, Chronicle Books, 2005. ISBN 0-8118-4265-7
 * Dead Guys Talk (a Wild Willie Mystery), 2006, Clarion.
 * Wind-Wild Dog, 2006, Holt.
 * Please Is a Good Word to Say, 2007, Philomel.
 * Grandma Calls Me Beautiful, 2008, Chronicle Books.
 * In the Night Garden, 2008, Holt.
 * Love Is a Good Thing to Feel, 2008, Philomel.
 * Roawr!, 2009, Philomel.
 * Friends (Mostly) 2010, Greenwillow.
 * Fuzzy Peeps, 2010, Greenwillow.
 * Higgledy-Piggledy Chicks, 2010 Greenwillow.
 * Sleepover at Gramma's House, 2010, Philomel.
 * Dog Parade, 2011, Harcourt.
 * Old Robert and the Troubadour Cats, 2011, Philomel.
 * Lovabye, Dragon, Candlewick.
 * Hooray Parade, Viking.

title: Barbara M. Joosse


text:
Dunaj

Dunaj may refer to:

 * Dunaj (wine), a variety of red grape grown mostly in Slovakia and bred by Dorota Pospíšilová in 1958 as a mixture of (Muscat Bouschet x Oporto) x St. Laurent
 * Dunaj (band), a progressive rock band from the Czech Republic
 * Dunaj, Krško, a small settlement in the Municipality of Krško in Slovenia
 * Dunaj, Masovian Voivodeship, a Polish village
 * Dunaj, Moravče, a former settlement in the Municipality of Moravče in Slovenia
 * The Slovene name for Vienna
 * Slavic names for the Danube River

title: Dunaj


text:
Talk:Ronan (Harry Potter)

Untitled
What about the name Ronan?

Or the saint.
 * The saint is at St. Ronan. Names don't usually get articles in Wikipedia. --Angr/undefined 08:34, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

AFD debate link
This page redirects to Minor Harry Potter characters following this AFD debate. Sjakkalle (Check!)  08:03, 28 June 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ronan (Harry Potter)


text:
Deborah Walley

Deborah Walley (August 12, 1941 – May 10, 2001) was an American actress noted for playing the title role in Gidget Goes Hawaiian (1961) and appearing in several beach party films.

Early years
Walley was born in Bridgeport, Connecticut, to Ice Capades skating stars and choreographers Nathan and Edith Walley. When she was three years old, she made her first public appearance at Madison Square Garden.

Walley attended Central High School in Bridgeport. In her teens, she decided to pursue a career in acting. At 14, she debuted on stage in a summer stock production of Charley's Aunt.

During her sophomore year, Walley attended Rosarian Academy in West Palm Beach, Florida, where she was cast as Cinderella in a musical production at the Royal Poinciana Playhouse. She studied acting at New York City's American Academy of Dramatic Arts.

Career
Walley appeared on television in episodes of Naked City ("To Walk in Silence ") and Route 66 ("Ten Drops of Water").

Early film career
Walley was discovered by agent Joyce Selznick while performing in a production of Anton Chekhov's Three Sisters, and she soon made her Hollywood film debut as Gidget in 1961's Gidget Goes Hawaiian. The film was popular and established Walley as a name among teenage fans and she won the Photoplay award for Favorite Female Newcomer. She was named Photoplay magazine's most popular actress of 1961.

Disney hired Walley to play an ingenue in two comedies, Bon Voyage! (1962) and Summer Magic (1963), and she sang in the latter.

She appeared in The Young Lovers (1964) for MGM.

Walley signed a contract with American International Pictures, which cast her as a female lead in several comedies, all with Frankie Avalon and her husband John Ashley: Beach Blanket Bingo (1965), Ski Party (1965) and Sergeant Dead Head (1965). She sang in some of these films.

Walley had a cameo role in Dr. Goldfoot and the Bikini Machine (1966) and was the female lead in the last AIP beach-party film, Ghost in the Invisible Bikini (1966), opposite Tommy Kirk. She reunited with Kirk for a beach-party film directed by Stephanie Rothman titled It's a Bikini World (filmed in 1965, released in 1967).

She next appeared in the Elvis Presley film Spinout, followed by the lead role in the science-fiction film The Bubble (1966).

Television
Walley guest-starred on Burke's Law ("Who Killed Andy Zygmunt?"), The Greatest Show on Earth ("This Train Don't Stop Till It Gets There"), Wagon Train ("The Nancy Styles Story") and Gomer Pyle: USMC ("Lies, Lies, Lies"), The Men from Shiloh ("With Love, Bullets and Valentines"), Off to See the Wizard ("Rhino") and Love, American Style.

In 1967, with her film career in decline, Walley portrayed Suzie Hubbard Buell in the comedy series The Mothers-in-Law. Actress Kay Cole had played Suzie in the original pilot, but Walley replaced her for the series' two seasons on the air.

Walley worked as an art director on The Courtship of Eddie's Father and an episode of The Girl from U.N.C.L.E. ("The Double-O-Nothing Affair").

Later career
Walley's later film appearances included Drag Racer (1971), The Severed Arm (1973) and Benji (1974).

She continued to guest-star on shows such as The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries ("Mystery on the Avalanche Express") and Simon & Simon ("The Last Big Break"). She wrote and produced the short film The Legend of Seeks-To-Hunt-Great (1989), which won several awards including the National Cine Golden Eagle, the American Indian Film Festival's best short-subject award, the Oklahoma Tribal Council Award for best fiction film and the 1991 Algrave International Video Festival's best-of-festival award.

Walley moved to Sedona, Arizona in 1991 to focus on raising her family while writing and producing. She cofounded Pied Piper Productions, a nonprofit theater company for children, and was a cofounder of the Sedona Children's Theater.

She published her first book, Grandfather's Good Medicine, in 1993, which was based on the plot of The Legend of Seeks-To-Hunt-Great. She also wrote scripts and taught acting and production techniques to American Indians through her Swiftwind Productions company, and she continued to produce and appear in plays.

Walley returned to Hollywood in 1999, where she pursued acting as a "hobby." She appeared on Baywatch and the daytime soap opera Passions. She continued to work with children through her Imagination Playshops, acting workshops for children in the U.S. and Australia. She also worked with the Educational Theater Company, a multiethnic organization based in Los Angeles.

Personal life and death
Walley's first marriage was to John Reynolds, with whom she had a son named Justin. From 1962 to 1966, Walley was married to actor John Ashley and had another son, Anthony. Two years after divorcing Ashley, she married Chet McCracken, with whom she remained until divorcing him in 1975.

In May 2001, Walley died of esophageal cancer at her home in Sedona, Arizona, at age 59.

title: Deborah Walley


text: User talk:151.198.210.30

title: User talk:151.198.210.30


text:
Talk:Paul Samuelson

"Liberal"
In the last paragraph of the introduction is written:

"Samuelson took the liberal, Keynesian perspective, and Friedman represented the conservative, libertarian perspective"

I think this makes sense only to an american reader. In most of the world, the word "liberal" refers to those who subscribe to economic liberalism, free markets etc., that is, "neoliberalism" or what is called "conservatism" in the USA. So I think it can be confusing.

I think it should be clarified, but I'm not sure if I should change it, since the statement is sourced.187.23.100.138 (talk) 13:52, 14 December 2009 (UTC)
 * I agree those terms can be confusing. The NY Times article cited earlier also uses those terms but expands a bit on their different viewpoints, so another cite could be added if necessary. There could also be links to liberal and conservative, for example, if you think those articles would help readers. --Wikiwatcher1 (talk) 18:27, 14 December 2009 (UTC)

Bank of Sweden Prize in Economics
There is no such thing as a Nobel Prize in Economics. Nobel never instituted a prize for economics, nor would he. Economists have free-rided the event to enhance their profession. The Bank of Sweden Prize for Economics was instituted with public money, tipical, and they forced their hand to be given at the same date. The marketing ploy is in the "In Memory of Alfred Nobel", which belies a laugh. Not even the most liberal economist would honor a monopolist business man, warmonger, inventor of Dynamite, suplier of the military. Only wikipedia can tell the truth. Britanica hires economists to write about the Nobel Prize in Economics and spread the small lie around.
 * Don't care much for economists? You might find it interesting that the official Nobel prize site includes the prize in economics. You might also want to learn a bit about the prizes. They tend to be awarded by a committee of peers, and for this award they are members of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The Nobel Foundation, who administers the awards, accepted the inclusion of the prize for economics. Ultimately, if you want to make outlandish claims as those above, you had best support them with facts and well argued conclusions.  Otherwise, you're just another crank.
 * This answer is factually inaccurate.
 * There is no Nobel Prize in Economics
 * starts with The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel has been awarded to 61 persons since 1969. Is there any mention of Nobel prize in Economics? No. Contrast this with say which starts with The Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to 180 individuals since 1901
 * Wikipedia even agrees with this  With the exception of the Nobel Peace Prize, the Nobel Prizes and the Prize in Economics are presented in Stockholm...
 * You can disregard reality all you want. The fact remains and it will remain unaltered. No matter how many people believe the term Nobel Prize in Economics is accurate, the diplomas won't have that phrase written in them in Swedish
 * Of course you will probably argue that wikipedia or the nobel foundation are not reliable sources and I won't be able to fight that solipsism, but at least the references will remain here so that those who are interested can find the facts for themselves. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.180.91.110 (talk) 23:36, 7 November 2007 (UTC)
 * In case there were any doubts, the Nobel foundations dissipates them without any chance of confusion. The Prize in Economics is not a Nobel Prize 89.180.91.110  —Preceding comment was added at 23:57, 7 November 2007 (UTC)

I didn't know anything about the 'Nobel Prize for Economics' but does it really matter how it is referred to? The point is that the prize exists, and its history and merits can be discussed elsewhere. All that is relevant here is that Paul Samuelson won the prize, irrespsective of which particular name is used to refer to it. 217.206.76.146 14:30, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

If you're casual about facts, I suppose it's just fine to call the prize anything that you think will be recognized, but normally Wikipedia is very definitely not casual about facts and terminology. 89.180.91.110 is absolutely right and the use of "Nobel Prize" in this article was very surprising to me. Vanhorn (talk) 11:48, 14 December 2009 (UTC)

Didn't he also make an important to the Heckscher-Ohlin model?

That should be somehow added to wikipedia

 * Hi, I've added a link from Paul Samuelson to Heckscher-Ohlin model, and expanded on his connection with it there. Wikipedia is very light on economics and finance, so it would be great if you could add some connections or definitions where you spot gaps like this. Wragge 21:28, 2005 Apr 21 (UTC)

Other prominent family members
The following paragraphs and above heading were deleted from the end of the Paul Samuelson article:
 * Former Harvard President and Treasury Secretary Larry Summers is his nephew; according to the book Harvard Rules, Summers's father, Robert Summers, who is himself a distinguished economist, changed his family name from Samuelson to Summers. Robert Summers' wife, Anita, an economist and professor of public policy, is also the sister of renowned economist and Nobel Prize winner Kenneth Arrow.

 * Paul Samuelson also has a son bearing the same name, except they have different middle names. Paul Samuelson has over 20 years of experience in building, managing and representing portfolio strategies and is the founder of Samuelson Portfolio Strategies. Paul has been the Chief Investment Officer, Director of Portfolio Analysis, and Director of Research at several prestigous financial institutions. Paul graduated Phi Beta Kappa (like his father) and Cum Laude from Williams College B.A. and holds a Ph.D. and a M.S.M. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Paul is a principal of Upstream Technologies wholly owned broker dealer subsidiary, Upstream Securities, LLC.

All of those mentioned above are persons of distinction, and the connections are interesting. But what is the first paragraph doing in article about Paul Samuelson (not immediate family)? That paragraph seems more relevant to the article for Larry Summers.

The second paragraph is largely from an online company source. Very interesting. But there are only 2 distinct Google hits for:
 * "Samuelson Portfolio Strategies" nobel,

including one regarding class notes. The prominence of this connection is questionable for the present article. The current article has a big template at the top calling for Wikifying the article. Including this 2-paragraph sectiom (on the long side compared to most other sections) may discourage improvement on what is already there. Perhaps after the article is improved, consideration could be given to mentioning secondary matters. Interested readers might regard it as a distraction for now. --Thomasmeeks 20:25, 22 March 2007 (UTC) [1st quoted sentence aove edited in the interest of taste & accuracy. --Thomasmeeks 21:38, 23 March 2007 (UTC)]

Thermoeconomics?
User "Sadi Carnot" inserted the claim (in the first line of the article on Paul Samuelson) that Samuelson is known "particularly" for his contributions to "thermoeconomics". This can't be true, since "thermoeconomics" is virtually unknown, whereas Samuelson is one of the most influential economists of the 20th century.

It's true that there have been many fruitful interactions between statistical physics and economic theory, and physics methods played a role in Samuelson's book "Foundations of Economic Analysis". This is still mentioned in the Samuelson article.

If someone considers Samuelson a "thermoeconomist", maybe this could be mentioned somewhere in the article, but it doesn't belong in the introduction of the article, because it is clearly a minority point of view. If someone thinks Samuelson actually identifies himself as a "thermoeconomist" or that his contributions can mostly be classified that way, good citations to that effect are needed. --Rinconsoleao 07:46, 10 July 2007 (UTC)

 * The term "thermoeconomics" wasn't coined until 1962, however Samuelson was one of the first economists to apply the equilibrium principles of thermodynamics to economics, and he one the Noble prize for doing so. Samuelson himself credits Willard Gibbs (the founder of chemical thermodynamics) for this.  To elaborate with (references): A noted researcher in the field of thermoeconomics is American Nobel-prize winning economist Paul Samuelson.   His 1947 book Foundations of Economic Analysis, from his doctoral dissertation, his magnum opus, is based on the classical thermodynamic methods of American thermodynamicist Willard Gibbs, specifically Gibbs' 1876 paper On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances.    Gibbs was mentor to Samuelson and to American economist Irving Fisher and he influenced them both in their ideas on equilibrium of economic systems.  Attempts at neo-classical equilibrium economics analogies with thermodynamics generally, however, go back to Guilluame and Samuelson.

I deleted the section defining Samuelson as the "pionneer" of the field of "thermoeconomics." User Sadi Carnot insists it is a field, but it is not, as testified by the fact that no academic journal bears this name, and there is no reference to "thermoeconomics" in the leading literature in economics. Therefor, making Samuelson a "pionneer" of this "field" is pointless. (Cf. discussions on the "thermoeconomics" article where user Sadi Carnot makes the same attempts - unsufficently challenged in my opinion - to bolster "thermoeconomics." Seinecle 16:17, 22 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I think Sadi Carnot did a good job of documenting (with references) the role of thermodynamic theory in Samuelson's work, so including a discussion of this seems appropriate. What I agree is inappropriate is calling Samuelson a "pioneer of thermoeconomics", which sounds like a suggestion that Samuelson identifies himself with the field. It's clear that supporters of "thermoeconomics" identify themselves with Samuelson, but I am unaware of any evidence that Samuelson identifies himself with "thermoeconomics". Some rewriting to clarify this would be appropriate. --Rinconsoleao 07:27, 23 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I also agree that it's not yet clear there is an established field called "thermoeconomics", and the lack of refereed journals in the field is particularly telling (and the thermoeconomics page may have a POV problem). But there are growing interactions between economics and physics. There is a special issue of the Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, now forthcoming, on 'Applications of Statistical Physics in Economics and Finance'. --Rinconsoleao 07:27, 23 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I also suspect it's incorrect to claim that Samuelson was one of the 'first' to apply physics to economics. As I recall from Phillip Mirowski's book, there have been attempts for more than a century to do so. If this is not well known, it's largely because the impact of those attempts has in many cases been marginal. But it's true that some of the methods in Samuelson's Foundations came from physics, and it's true that that book has been extremely influential. --Rinconsoleao 07:36, 23 August 2007 (UTC)

Criticisms
The criticisms section is quite sad, I think it should just be removed. Let me explain why. The Soviet economy collapsing as a refute of his ideas that a micromanaged socialist economy could work is disingenuous at best. Firstly, I can't find this quote from his 1989 textbook "Macroeconomics" by searching through it, that doesn't mean it's not there since book searches aren't 100% accurate, but since no citation exists it's suspicious in my view. Secondly, to say that the Soviet union's collapse disproves Samuelson is an oversimplification to say the least. The Soviet Union did have a flourishing economy for quite some time, but eventually that halted; but it wasn't from the existence of the Soviet economy itself as the presentation seems to imply it was. There were specific internal factors that led to the Soviet Union's collapse. For example, the Afghanistan War and Chernobyl caused people to lose faith in their government. Along with those two issues, the government was also rapidly diverting resources away from industry into solely military production in response to Reagan's policies. At one point, it was estimated that around 70% investment resources were diverted to military. This, in turn, collapsed investment in non-military sectors which naturally led to economic stagnation, especially because they fell far behind in technology (since all was diverted to military). This huge spending and limitations in other areas also damage medical care and the quality of services and goods making a less productive and more unstable economy. The non-military labor force also become unproductive since there was little oversight, management, and investment in that sector since they were worried about the military expansion; which further depressed the economy. They devoted so much to military they had to freeze consumer goods production at 1980s levels. Local governments became so upset they started to hide tax revenues from the central government, depriving them of revenues - alcohol tax decline accounted for a loss of 12% of state revenue alone. These failing conditions also forced the government to "bail out" large enterprises, further depriving them of capital for investment and production.

And this was just internally.

Reagan artificially reduced their ability to export natural gas to European countries and kept prices artificially low to reduce revenue to the SU. Carter placed trade embargos on the Soviet Union. Both of those policies led to huge trade-gaps which caused economic ruin. This is especially true since the trade-gap forced people to turn to consumer imports further decreasing the incentive to produce with low capital from the government.

In short, it wasn't the socialist economy that led to the collapse. It was foreign pressures (primarily the United States) forcing the SU to divert all resources to military spending creating a "bottleneck" of sorts and civil unrest with inside the nation creating displeasure with the government. Furthermore, none of this information was fully available to Samuelson at the time since they attempted to keep it well hidden from the world. In short, the collapse of the Soviet Union doesn't refute Samuelson's observation that a Soviet-style economy can work since it was working for quite some time, it was foreign economic pressures and internal instability the led to it.

Now, to the Phillips curve comment. It's again a question of oversimplifying the matter in attempts to criticize his work. Friedman did not argue that no aspect of the Phillips curve existed, he merely argued that it was merely a short-term observation, that sustained inflation gets built into prices so inflation does not necessarily drop in correspondence with high unemployment etc. Samuelson even went on later in life to accept that and work on expectations based versions of Phillips curve. In fact, his original work was not incorrect per-say, but rather incomplete.

Regardless, I don't believe a criticisms section should exists for economists about their specific academic ideas. By that standard, every social scientist should have a massive criticisms section about the debate of a specific idea. In my view, that's more appropriate for the article about the concept itself. The only exceptions I could think of are Paul Krugman and Milton Friedman who could just be criticized on their public policy political views in popular medium since those criticisms wouldn't already have an entire topic devoted to it, rather than specific academic work which would already have a page describing the debate among economists.

I'll remove the section in the next few days if there aren't any serious objections. Seelum (talk) 20:43, 14 November 2009 (UTC)

 * It's done then Seelum (talk) 03:01, 19 November 2009 (UTC)

Where is the criticism section? His development of the Phillips Curve turned out to be wrong and his brand of Keynesianism turned out to have no answers to the stagflation that plagued the world. His comments on the Soviet Union also demand some attention as it is amazing that an economist that prominent could make comments that ridiculous. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Sabaton10 (talk • contribs) 04:08, 18 September 2010 (UTC)

 * I removed three unreliable references, the best of which looked like an okay academic working paper by a "public choice" institute, but wasn't published. This was paraphrased in a blog, which was the second source. The third was some kind of political organization, "marginal revolution". The latter two are not reliable sources. No matter how weak these references were, what was worse was the gross distortion of the quotes from Samuelson and the summary of the cited authors. There is no shortage of notable economists of libertarian and conservative politics; there is no need to use weak pseudo-sources and then distort them. Kiefer.Wolfowitz  (talk) 03:09, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

"Marginal Revolution" is the Economics blog of George Mason University Economist Tyler Cowen, who is also published in the WSJ, Forbes, Newsweek, and others. He's considered by the Economist to be one of the most influential people in the profession. All of this can be found in the first paragraph on his Wikipedia article. Guess you should have searched first. 76.229.197.204 (talk) 05:18, 6 April 2011 (UTC)

Quotes
Because I am the proprietor of Quotes of the Day I'm not going to add it myself, but I would welcome a link to "Paul Samuelson quotes at QOTD.org" at the URL http://www.qotd.org/search/search.html?aid=5345

There is currently no WikiQuote section for Samuelson, and I think it would be of value until that is created.Vanhorn (talk) 11:44, 14 December 2009 (UTC)

Paul Samuelson and Robert Summers
Why they have different surnames? 83.31.140.186 (talk) 18:41, 14 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Most elite universities like Harvard, Yale, and Princeton imposed quotas on Jewish enrollments until well after World War II. Jewish families would Anglicize their names to avoid being barred from admission as well as other social stigmas. Madcoverboy (talk) 05:12, 16 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Princeton had a ceiling on Jewish students until 1973; this ceiling was published in 1987-1988, creating a scandal, if my memory is correct. (Soon afterwords, Harold Shapiro became President of Princeton.) Kiefer.Wolfowitz  (talk) 03:12, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

Sole protégé (of E B Wilson)?
The main article says, "As a graduate student at Harvard, he was the sole protégé of the polymath Edwin Bidwell Wilson, who had himself been a student of Yale physicist Willard Gibbs." This is almost verbatim what Samuelson claims in his Nobel lecture; Samuelson actually says that he was the sole protégé of Wilson and that Wilson was the sole protégé of Gibbs. THAT leaves me wondering what is meant by "sole protégé". Wilson was NOT Gibbs' only PhD student or Gibbs' only student of any sort. Gibbs produced several PhDs. Does Samuelson mean "sole protégé during a particular time period", that Wilson had only one official student at a time? I'm not even sure that protégé has an academic definition. Does anyone know what Samuelson meant and if it is accurate (e.g., Wilson may have been a protégé of Gibbs by some definition but it is unlikely that he was the sole protégé).

Does anyone know if Wilson had other PhD students in addition to Samuelson? — Preceding unsigned comment added by AdderUser (talk • contribs) 21:38, 7 September 2012 (UTC)

Newsweek column
Does anyone know the inclusive dates for Paul Samuelson's weekly economics column for Newsweek? It has been my general impression that there was some confusion between that column and Robert J. Samuelson's economics column for Newsweek, which ran from 1984 to 2011, and also whether there was any relationship between the two men. Milkunderwood (talk) 02:05, 20 October 2017 (UTC)

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Paul Davidson on Samuelson as a Keynesian
Can I question the appropriateness of this section? It reads to me as if Davidson is being used as a mouthpiece for an editorial excommunication. It seems to me rather contentious. To say that: "Keynes had explicitly denounced Walras's approach [to equilibrium theory, presumably] as 'wrong'..." seems to me to stretch Keynes’s meaning. He discussed Walras only in the context of the theory of interest, and the terms ‘nonsense theory’ and ‘wrong’ are applied to the classical theory of interest without reference to Walras (or to equilibrium theory in general).

The further statement that: "Keynes showed... that a less-than-full employment equilibrium could exist... with freely flexible wages..." is also debatable. The language is tendentious: an argument is only a demonstration if it is so compelling that it can only be rejected through incomprehension or bad faith.

My understanding of Keynes’s position is as follows. In the late twenties he accepted the classical view that unemployment was the result of excessive wages. In the early thirties he moved away from it, adopting the opinion that wages were blameless because they had no bearing on the defects of the demand mechanism which were the true culprit. But as he developed the logic of his position in the General Theory he realised that the classical conclusion was liable to reappear through the back door – the ‘Keynes effect’. This is why in Chapter 2 he categorically denied that wages had any role in unemployment and in Chapter 19 he minced his words in quite a humorous way, eventually (and begrudgingly) accepting that wages might indeed be part of the problem.

In later years he dropped the grudging tone, frankly placing the dividing line between himself and the classics in the mechanism by which wages affected employment rather than in the existence of an effect, writing to Haberler that: "I have always understood that they [the classics] favoured a reduction in money wages because they believed that this would have a direct effect on profits, and not one which operated indirectly through the rate of interest... I await a reference from you to a passage where a classical economist has indicated a theory of wages resembling mine in the above respect. [CW XXIX, p273.]" Colin.champion (talk) 08:21, 6 March 2019 (UTC)

 * I removed the section. Colin.champion (talk) 07:55, 18 March 2019 (UTC)

His Students
Paul Samuelson has shaped many young minds. One of them was Subramanian Swamy who later became Cabinet Minister in India. Swamyarmy39 (talk) 11:04, 28 December 2021 (UTC)

Personal Life and work during WWII
There is no personal life section, and there's nothing about his wives. The MIT obit has some info: https://news.mit.edu/2009/obit-samuelson-1213

Also, I'm curious about his work during WWII. Surely there's sources for that? → StaniStani 10:36, 2 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Paul Samuelson


text: User talk:80.183.115.59

title: User talk:80.183.115.59


text:
Talk:Kir'Shara

Details please
Congratulations on this article's promotion to GA! As a WP editor who hasn't watched much Star Trek, though, may I make one suggestion? At present it's unclear what the Kir'Shara is; as far as I can tell, all that's said about it here is that "contains the original word of Surak." Are we talking about some kind of book, or recording, or inscription, or box, or what? I'd imagine that a short definition or description would be appropriate for the plot summary (and probably the lead as well), since the episode is named after this artifact.--Lemuellio (talk) 19:09, 29 January 2014 (UTC)
 * It is such a simple thing to explain the meaning of an episode title but it is so obvious people often forget to include it. That got me thinking too that the appearance of the object should be described, so only 7 years later your request had been addressed. Since the Plot section must be kept short I went ahead and added a footnote describing the relic as a tetrahedron or triangular pyramid. A text description is necessary but it would be better if the article included both text and an image. I added a request to the page heading that an image be added to the article, and I think it would be a good idea if it was an image of the Kir'Shara, ideally a split image showing both the inactive relic and the version glowing and projecting text, would best enhance reader understanding of the episode.
 * If we had more information perhaps the prop could also be described in the Production section.(Archive) -- 109.79.169.104 (talk) 23:24, 28 June 2021 (UTC)
 * The image of Archer activating the Kir'Shara might be a good choice to represent the episode but I'd be hesitant to use an image from near the end of the episode. -- 109.79.78.84 (talk) 19:57, 3 July 2021 (UTC)

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Iraq war and WMD
Part of the plot sounds like the allegations of wmd in Iraq (which had started a year before airing), and I'm surprised that this hasn't been taken up by any sources at that time. --Tilman (talk) 09:03, 26 November 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kir'Shara


text:
Pope Achillas of Alexandria

Achillas was the 18th Patriarch of Alexandria, reigning from 312 to 313.

He was born in Alexandria, Egypt, and was renowned for his knowledge and piety; this was why Pope Theonas had ordained him priest and appointed him head of the Catechetical School of Alexandria upon the departure of Pierius. He was apparently very highly thought of for his work in Greek philosophy and theological science, as Pope Athanasius later described him by the honorific "Achillas the Great".

As recommended by Pope Peter, he was enthroned patriarch in December (Kiahk) 312 AD, after the martyrdom of Peter during the Diocletianic Persecution. He yielded to the request of Arius, who had been condemned by Peter, to return to his former position as priest and preacher.

Achillas died six months later on the 19 Paoni 313.

After his death, Arius nominated himself to become Bishop of Alexandria, but the clergy and the people chose Alexander instead.

title: Pope Achillas of Alexandria


text:
User talk:Eole

Try to recover my french account and wiki commons.

Violation
This violates WP:TALK. In short, talk pages are used for improving the article, not for discussing stuff related to it. Therefore I deleted it. --logixoul 12:46, 12 March 2006 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Ulike.net
A tag has been placed on Ulike.net requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about web content, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for web content.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the article that would would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the article does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that a copy be emailed to you. CultureDrone (talk) 13:20, 26 November 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:Eole