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Talk:Porky's

Name of a song?
Anyone know the name of the song the marching band plays at the end of the film? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.137.18.142 (talk) 23:21, 2006 July 20 (UTC)

 * The one you're thinking of is probably The Washington Post by John Philip Sousa. --FudgeRusket 09:35, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

Remake
Does anyone have any news on the remake? --Richy 16:42, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Does anyone know what happened to the Howard Stern remake of Porky's the original link to the Wikipedia article for the remake version now points to this article and IMDB has removed any references to the remake altogether. 141.150.119.252 05:24, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

It's back on imdb it was on payperview briefly and not out for a dvd release yet. — Preceding unsigned comment added by SillyGayBoy (talk • contribs) 06:07, 22 September 2013 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Porky's.jpg
Image:Porky's.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

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BetacommandBot (talk) 19:12, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

Highest Grossing Canadian-Produced film?
That sounds pretty weasely. Would it even qualify for CANCON (should a movie regulation exist)? --69.71.73.130 (talk) 17:54, 19 October 2010 (UTC)
 * I assume you were not going to the movies in the 1980s?
 * Back in the 80s, we all knew that Porky's was the biggest Canadian movie ever, even though it was set in the States. I didn't see it personally; I was post-high school.
 * Bob Clark was resident here and had made Black Christmas which was loved and respected. When this movie came out, people were surprised to read that Clark was actually from the US. That had not been mentioned much before. Varlaam (talk) 18:56, 12 November 2011 (UTC)
 * I was in high school with this film's composer. That was in Toronto. Varlaam (talk)
 * I've removed the contradictory statement and the second comment about Resident Evil: Aftermath due to the confusion as to its specific criteria for highest grossing Canadian film. It a joint Canadian and German co-production. While it may be higher grossing; it is not purely Canadian which detracts from the claim and success of Porky's. Also as long as we are discussing the matter; Porky's could actually be in third place, but due to a lack of information about Bon Cop, Bad Cop is not easily found and the mere note that Resident Evil surpassed Porky's does not automatically assume it holds second place in hard fact. Top grossing films use poor math as is and are not tracked well either; the current comment for Bon Cop, Bad Cop has a clear note about its contested position and states the last hard fact about its status. ChrisGualtieri (talk) 17:34, 1 March 2012 (UTC)

Resident Evil: Afterlife
I have a source that says that "The Ontario Media Development Corporation announced yesterday that Resident Evil: Afterlife is now the most successful production in Canadian feature film history, with a worldwide box office of $280 million. It surpasses a mark set in 1982 by the long-reigning teen comedy Porky's." Heres the link: http://www.torontosun.com/entertainment/movies/2010/11/08/16031286.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by Norgizfox5041 (talk • contribs) 16:27, 1 July 2012 (UTC)

Untitled
POTENTIAL VANDALISM?? In the "Sequels" section: "It was also made in Israel"..Huh?? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 162.2.150.91 (talk) 17:08, 10 July 2014 (UTC)

Nightclub?
Porky's is a nightclub? I thought it was a brothel. 188.29.165.83 (talk) 00:06, 13 December 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Porky's


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Computer-integrated manufacturing

Computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) is the manufacturing approach of using computers to control the entire production process. This integration allows individual processes to exchange information with each part. Manufacturing can be faster and less error-prone by the integration of computers. Typically CIM relies on closed-loop control processes based on real-time input from sensors. It is also known as flexible design and manufacturing.

Overview

 * 1) Computer-integrated manufacturing is used in automotive, aviation, space, and ship building industries.
 * 2) The term "computer-integrated manufacturing" is both a method of manufacturing and the name of a computer-automated system in which individual engineering, production, marketing, and support functions of a manufacturing enterprise are organized.
 * 3) In a CIM system functional areas such as design, analysis, planning, purchasing, cost accounting, inventory control, and distribution are linked through the computer with factory floor functions such as materials handling and management, providing direct control and monitoring of all the operation.

CIM is an example of the implementation of information and communication technologies (ICTs) in manufacturing.

CIM implies that there are at least two computers exchanging information, e.g. the controller of an arm robot and a micro-controller.

CIM is most useful where a high level of ICT is used in the company or facility, such as CAD/CAM systems, and the availability of process planning and its data.

History
The idea of "digital manufacturing" became prominent in the early 1970s, with the release of Dr. Joseph Harrington's book, Computer Integrated Manufacturing. However, it was not until 1984 when computer-integrated manufacturing began to be developed and promoted by machine tool manufacturers and the Computer and Automated Systems Association and Society of Manufacturing Engineers (CASA/SME).

 * "CIM is the integration of total manufacturing enterprise by using integrated systems and data communication coupled with new managerial philosophies that improve organizational and personnel efficiency." ERHUM
 * In a literature research was shown that 37 different concepts of CIM were published, most of them from Germany and USA. In a timeline of the 37 publications it is possible to see how the CIM concept developed over time. Also it is quite markable how different the concepts of all publications are.
 * In a literature research was shown that 37 different concepts of CIM were published, most of them from Germany and USA. In a timeline of the 37 publications it is possible to see how the CIM concept developed over time. Also it is quite markable how different the concepts of all publications are.

Key challenges
There are three major challenges to development of a smoothly operating computer-integrated manufacturing system:

 * Integration of components from different suppliers: When different machines, such as CNC, conveyors and robots, are using different communications protocols (In the case of AGVs, even differing lengths of time for charging the batteries) may cause problems.
 * Data integrity: The higher the degree of automation, the more critical is the integrity of the data used to control the machines. While the CIM system saves on labor of operating the machines, it requires extra human labor in ensuring that there are proper safeguards for the data signals that are used to control the machines.
 * Process control: Computers may be used to assist the human operators of the manufacturing facility, but there must always be a competent engineer on hand to handle circumstances which could not be foreseen by the designers of the control software.

Subsystems
A computer-integrated manufacturing system is not the same as a "lights-out factory", which would run completely independent of human intervention, although it is a big step in that direction. Part of the system involves flexible manufacturing, where the factory can be quickly modified to produce different products, or where the volume of products can be changed quickly with the aid of computers. Some or all of the following subsystems may be found in a CIM operation:

Computer-aided techniques:
 * CAD (computer-aided design)
 * CAE (computer-aided engineering)
 * CAM (computer-aided manufacturing)
 * CAPP (computer-aided process planning)
 * CAQ (computer-aided quality assurance)
 * PPC (production planning and control)
 * ERP (enterprise resource planning)
 * A business system integrated by a common database.

Devices and equipment required:
 * CNC, Computer numerical controlled machine tools
 * DNC, Direct numerical control machine tools
 * PLCs, Programmable logic controllers
 * Robotics
 * Computers
 * Software
 * Controllers
 * Networks
 * Interfacing
 * Monitoring equipment

Technologies:
 * FMS, (flexible manufacturing system)
 * ASRS, automated storage and retrieval system
 * AGV, automated guided vehicle
 * Robotics
 * Automated conveyance systems

Others:
 * Lean manufacturing

CIMOSA
CIMOSA (Computer Integrated Manufacturing Open System Architecture), is a 1990s European proposal for an open systems architecture for CIM developed by the AMICE Consortium as a series of ESPRIT projects. The goal of CIMOSA was "to help companies to manage change and integrate their facilities and operations to face world wide competition. It provides a consistent architectural framework for both enterprise modeling and enterprise integration as required in CIM environments".

CIMOSA provides a solution for business integration with four types of products:
 * The CIMOSA Enterprise Modeling Framework, which provides a reference architecture for enterprise architecture
 * CIMOSA IIS, a standard for physical and application integration.
 * CIMOSA Systems Life Cycle, is a life cycle model for CIM development and deployment.
 * Inputs to standardization, basics for international standard development.

CIMOSA according to Vernadat (1996), coined the term business process and introduced the process-based approach for integrated enterprise modeling based on a cross-boundaries approach, which opposed to traditional function or activity-based approaches. With CIMOSA also the concept of an "Open System Architecture" (OSA) for CIM was introduced, which was designed to be vendor-independent, and constructed with standardised CIM modules. Here to the OSA is "described in terms of their function, information, resource, and organizational aspects. This should be designed with structured engineering methods and made operational in a modular and evolutionary architecture for operational use".

Areas
There are multiple areas of usage:
 * In Industrial and Production engineering
 * In mechanical engineering
 * In electronic design automation (printed circuit board (PCB) and integrated circuit design data for manufacturing)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Computer-integrated manufacturing


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Joseph Whitehill

Joseph Whitehill, Jr. (December 30, 1786 – November 4, 1861) was a nineteenth-century Ohio farmer who was elected to a series of local offices in Warren County, Ohio, before his election as Ohio State Treasurer.

Biography
He was born in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, the son of Joseph Whitehill. In 1800, at age fourteen, his family moved to Botetourt County, Virginia, near Fincastle. In 1808, his father died and Whitehill assumed responsibility for his family: six sisters and a brother. In the War of 1812, he was lieutenant in the militia company from Botetourt County, and served in the defense of Norfolk, Virginia from the British. Upon the death of the captain of his company, Whitehill was in command.

After the war, the family moved to Warren County, Ohio, north of Cincinnati. They arrived in the county in 1815, initially settling near the town of Waynesville but relocating closer to Lebanon, the county seat. He was forced to abandon farming because of his rheumatism. Moving into the town of Lebanon, he hauled freight between Lebanon and Cincinnati. He also owned a grist mill on the Warren County Canal's Lock 3, southwest of Lebanon.

In 1826, he was elected sheriff of Warren County and served 1826 to 1830, two two-year terms. Whitehill was briefly out of office in 1830, during which time he bought a farm three miles north of Lebanon in Turtlecreek Township. In 1830, he was elected to the Ohio General Assembly as a representative. He was re-elected three times, serving four one-year terms. In 1834, as he was completing his final term in the legislature, he was elected Ohio State Treasurer. He was re-elected three times, serving four three-year terms. When his service expired, he remained in the state capital, Columbus. Whitehill, who never married, lived there with his spinster sister Jane.

Whitehill speculated in property and became quite wealthy, but lost his fortune through the failure of several companies he had invested in. Josiah Morrow, the historian of Warren County, wrote of him:

 * Mr. Whitehill was not a man of much knowledge of the sort that is derived from books, he having had but little time for the acquisition of that kind of knowledge in his early life, which was one of labor and activity, rendered necessary by reason of the responsibilities imposed upon him . . . .  But he was a man of strong sense and sound judgement.  His disposition was frank and generous, and his manners were popular.  He enjoyed in an eminent degree the affection of his relatives and friends, and the respect and esteem of his acquaintances.

Whitehill died in Columbus at age 74. Both he and his sister Jane are buried at Green Lawn Cemetery in Columbus. Cemetery records indicate he died November 1, 1861.

Errata
As of July 2023, the Ohio Treasurer's office web site lists his surname as Whitehall.

title: Joseph Whitehill


text:
Talk:The Pussycat Dolls

The third single discussion is messed up
It should be: "The third single, "Beep", featured Black Eyed Peas lead rapper will.i.am"

New Layout
Thanks to whoever had the layout cause the singles with the pics and album cover looks great!!

Someone needs to fix 'Sway.' That was their first song, it was already released in 2004. That needs to be put in front of 'Don't Cha.'

PCD is Gold
http://www.riaa.com/gp/database/search_results.asp

It was just certified Gold in December I doubt it has sold 600,000 copies in a month and a half. Its only gold not platinum someone needs to change it and keep it like that.

On her PCD diary, Nicole Scherzinger confirmed that PCD went platinum.

Asia has opted to go solo
Sources: http://www.startribune.com/459/story/1315777.html http://community.tvguide.com/blog-entry/TVGuide-Editors-Blog/Roush-Dispatch/Cw-Tca-Sophomore/800018988 http://www.courant.com/entertainment/tv/hc-tca0721.artjul21,0,3019437.story

She has opted to go solo instead of joining the group.

Should all record of Asia be removed from the page, as she was never officially a member of the Pussycat Dolls? I can find no record of her actually performing or being with them other than on the night that she won "The Search For The Next Doll"

She (Asia) only performed with the Dolls again once at the CW Upfronts Event in New York City, and shortly after, she announced her departure from the group to pursue a solo career.

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 18:06, 18 December 2019 (UTC)
 * PCDReunion.jpg

Location and time taken of the infobox image
The caption says 2007 but that's when the image was uploaded. On their List of awards and nominations received by the Pussycat Dolls article, the same image says December 2005, which is when they would have presumably performed at the 2005 Billboard Music Awards. Can anyone fill me in on that? Thanks. 70.30.36.200 (talk) 01:07, 4 July 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Pussycat Dolls


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Easter Ross

Easter Ross (Ros an Ear) is a loosely defined area in the east of Ross, Highland, Scotland.

The name is used in the constituency name Caithness, Sutherland and Easter Ross, which is the name of both a British House of Commons constituency and a Scottish Parliament constituency. The two constituencies have however different boundaries.

Settlements
Places in Easter Ross include:

 * Alness
 * Dingwall (included in some contexts in the term Easter Ross, though in some contexts it refers to the area as Mid Ross)
 * Evanton
 * Invergordon
 * Kildary
 * Milntown of Tarbat (Milton)
 * Portmahomack
 * The Seaboard villages:
 * Balintore
 * Hilton of Cadboll
 * Shandwick
 * Tain

Easter Ross is well known for its towns: Tain, Invergordon, Alness and Dingwall.

title: Easter Ross


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The Star (tarot card)

The Star (XVII) is the 17th ranking or Major Arcana card in most traditional tarot decks. It is used in game playing as well as in divination.

Description and symbolism
A naked woman kneels by the water; one foot is in the water and one foot is on the land. Above her head is one large star, representing her core essences, and seven smaller stars, representing the chakras. The star is typically eight-pointed, but some late 15th-century depictions depict a six-pointed star instead. In each hand she holds a jug. From one jug she pours a liquid into the water. From the other jug she pours a liquid onto the land. The five senses are represented by the five unique lines formed by water spilled on the ground. Temperance, the 14th Major Arcana card, also has a foot on both land and water while pouring water, but is depicted as standing and rigid. It is the first out of three cards in the Major Arcana to depict celestial imagery. Sometimes three men, representing the three Magi are depicted below the Star.

Interpretation
According to A.E. Waite's 1910 book The Pictorial Key to the Tarot, the Star card carries several divinatory associations: "17.THE STAR.--Hope and bright prospects, Reversed: Loss, theft, privation, abandonment; another reading says: arrogance, haughtiness, impotence."In astrology, the Star card is associated with the planet Uranus and Aquarius zodiac sign.

In popular culture
In the manga JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders, tarot cards are used to name some of the characters' powers, named 'Stands'. The protagonist of Stardust Crusaders, Jotaro Kujo, has a Stand named Star Platinum, named after The Star card.

In the Adventure Time franchise, powerful vampires are named after tarot cards. In the spin-off series Adventure Time: Fionna and Cake, Marceline the Vampire Queen (voiced by Olivia Olson) is named after The Star.

The Jessica Hayworth print for Welcome to Night Vale episode 210 "Ten Years Later" features The Star tarot on characters Cecil and Carlos's fridge.

title: The Star (tarot card)


text:
User:Harness

the marble index

title: User:Harness


text:
The Moon (tarot card)

The Moon (XVIII) is the eighteenth trump or Major Arcana card in most traditional tarot decks. It is used in game playing as well as in divination.

Description
The card depicts a night scene, where two large pillars are shown. A wolf and a domesticated dog howl at the Moon while a crayfish emerges from the water. The Moon has "sixteen chief and sixteen secondary rays" and "[is] shedding the moisture of fertilizing dew in great drops" (totaling 15 in the Rider–Waite deck) which are all Yodh-shaped.

Interpretation
According to A.E. Waite's 1910 book The Pictorial Key to the Tarot, "The card represents life of the imagination apart from life of the spirit... The dog and wolf are the fears of the natural mind in the presence of that place of exit, when there is only reflected light to guide it... The intellectual light is a reflection and beyond it is the unknown mystery which it cannot reveal." Additionally, "It illuminates our animal nature" and according to Waite, "the message is 'Peace, be still; and it may be that there shall come a calm upon the animal nature, while the abyss beneath shall cease from giving up a form.'"

Waite writes that the Moon card carries several divinatory associations:

"18.THE MOON--Hidden enemies, danger, calumny, darkness, terror, deception, occult forces, error. Reversed: Instability, inconstancy, silence, lesser degrees of deception and error."In Astrology, the Moon card is associated with the mutable-water sign of Pisces and its ruling planet, Neptune.

Alternative decks

 * In the "Flemish Deck" by Vandenborre, the moon shows a woman seated in the right-hand corner with a tree in the left hand corner. The Moon is directly above her. She is shown with a distaff in her right hand and spinning thread with her left hand.
 * In the 17th century French Vieville tarot deck, instead of the above scene there is an older woman beside a tree, spinning with a spindle and distaff as the Moon shines above.

In Other Media
In the manga JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, tarot cards are used to name the character's powers, which are called 'Stands'. One of the characters in Stardust Crusaders, Imposter Captain Tennille, has a stand named Dark Blue Moon.

The Persona series includes various characters represented by tarot cards. In Persona 5 The Moon card belongs to Yuuki Mishima, a secondary character.

In the Adventure Time miniseries Stakes, one of the members of the Vampire King's court is named after The Moon.

In The House of the Dead, each of its bosses in the mainline series are named after the Major Arcana Tarot Cards (excluding The Devil.) The final boss of its fifth installment, House of the Dead: Scarlet Dawn, is named after The Moon card.

title: The Moon (tarot card)


text: Category:Progestagens

title: Category:Progestagens


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William Boyd (pathologist)

William Boyd, FRCPath, (June 21, 1885 – March 10, 1979) was a Scottish-Canadian physician, pathologist, academic, and author known for his medical textbooks.

Biography
William was born in Portsoy, Scotland, the sixth child of Dugald Cameron Boyd (a Presbyterian clergyman) and Eliza Marion (née Butcher) Boyd. Educated at the University of Edinburgh, he graduated M.B. Ch.B. in 1908, M.D. in 1911, and went on to become trained and accredited as a neurologist, psychiatrist, and pathologist. Boyd worked as an attending physician and nominal pathologist at the Derby County Asylum in the English Midlands from 1909–1912, and at Winwick Hospital (another neuropsychiatric facility) from 1912–1913. He was a pathologist at Wolverhampton Royal Infirmary from 1913 to August 1914. During World War I, Boyd served as a general medical officer in the Royal Army Medical Corps in Flanders at the rank of captain (O3). In 1916 he wrote the book, With a Field Ambulance at Ypres, describing his experiences as both a physician and an ordinary combatant in the war zone.

After the conflict, Boyd moved to Canada at the urging of friends from medical school who were already working there. He married Enid Christie, the daughter of a Presbyterian minister, in Winnipeg, Manitoba in June 1919. Boyd became a Professor of Pathology in the Manitoba Medical College at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg and over the next 22 years, he wrote several pathology textbooks that were published and read internationally. These earned him worldwide recognition and financial security. In 1937, he moved to the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario and, ultimately, in 1951 to the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, British Columbia. Boyd continued to be an active lecturer on medical-pathological topics, and spoke in many different countries.

He was presented with the prestigious gold-headed cane award in 1962 by the American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriologists. In 1968, he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada, Canada's highest civilian honor, "for his services as a pathologist and as a founding member of the National Cancer Institute". Boyd died of pneumonia at the age of 93 in Toronto. He was survived by his wife Enid; the couple had had no children.

Selected works

 * Pathology for Surgeons (1925)
 * Pathology of Internal Disease (1931)
 * Textbook of Pathology (1932)
 * Introduction to Medical Science (1937)

title: William Boyd (pathologist)


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The Sun (tarot card)

The Sun (XIX) is the nineteenth trump or Major Arcana card in most traditional tarot decks. It is used in game playing as well as in divination.

Description
An infant rides a white horse under the anthropomorphized Sun, with sunflowers in the background.

Rider–Waite symbolism
A. E. Waite suggested that this card is associated with attained knowledge. The child of life holds a red flag, representing the blood of renewal while a smiling Sun shines down on him, representing accomplishment. The conscious mind prevails over the fears and illusions of the unconscious. Innocence is renewed through discovery, bringing hope for the future.

Interpretation
This card is generally considered positive. It is said to reflect happiness and contentment, vitality, self-confidence and success. Sometimes referred to as the best card in tarot, it represents good things and positive outcomes to current struggles.

Waite suggests the card carries several divinatory associations:

"19.THE SUN.—Material happiness, fortunate marriage, contentment. Reversed: The same in a lesser sense."

In Media
In the manga JoJo's Bizarre Adventure Stardust Crusaders, characters' powers (also known as 'Stands') are named after tarot cards. The Sun 'stand' belongs to Arabia Fats, a minor antagonist.

The Persona series includes various characters represented by tarot cards. In Persona 5 The Sun card belongs to Toranosuke Yoshida, a secondary character.

title: The Sun (tarot card)


text:
Island platform

An island platform (also center platform (American English) or centre platform (British English)) is a station layout arrangement where a single platform is positioned between two tracks within a railway station, tram stop or transitway interchange. Island platforms are sometimes used between the opposite-direction tracks on twin-track route stations as they are cheaper and occupy less area than other arrangements. They are also useful within larger stations, where local and express services for the same direction of travel can be accessed from opposite sides of the same platform instead of side platforms on either side of the tracks, simplifying and speeding transfers between the two tracks.

The historical use of island platforms depends greatly upon the location. In the United Kingdom the use of island platforms on twin-track routes is relatively common when the railway line is in a cutting or raised on an embankment, as this makes it easier to provide access to the platform without walking across the tracks.

Advantages and tradeoffs
Island platforms are necessary for any station with many through platforms. There are also advantages to building small two-track stations with a single island platform instead of two side platforms. Island platforms allow facilities such as shops, toilets and waiting rooms to be shared between both tracks rather than being duplicated or present only on one side. An island platform makes it easier for disabled travellers to change services between tracks or access facilities. If the tracks are above or below the entrance level, the station needs only one staircase and (if disabled accessibility is necessary) one elevator or ramp to allow access to the platforms. If the tracks are at the same level as the entrance, this instead creates a disadvantage; a side platform arrangement allows one platform to be adjacent to the entrance, whereas an island platform arrangement requires both tracks to be accessed by a bridge or underpass.

If an island platform is not wide enough to cope with passenger numbers, typically as they increase, overcrowding can risk people being pushed onto the tracks. In some cases entry to the station is restricted at busier times to reduce risk. Examples of stations where a narrow island platform has caused safety issues include Clapham Common and Angel (rebuilt in 1992) on the London Underground, Union (rebuilt in 2014) on the Toronto subway, and Umeda on the Osaka Municipal Subway.

An island platform requires the tracks to diverge around the centre platform, and extra width is required along the right-of-way on each approach to the station, especially on high-speed lines. Track centres vary for rail systems throughout the world but are normally 3 to 5 m. If the island platform is 6 m wide, the tracks must slew out by the same distance. While this requirement is not a problem on a new line under construction, it makes building a new station on an existing line impossible without altering the tracks. A single island platform also makes it quite difficult to have through tracks (used by trains that do not stop at that station), which are usually between the local tracks (where the island would be).

A common configuration in busy locations on high speed lines is a pair of island platforms, with slower trains diverging from the main line (or using a separate level on the railway's right-of-way) so that the main line tracks remain straight. High-speed trains can therefore pass straight through the station, while slow trains pass around the platforms (such as at Kent House in London). This arrangement also allows the station to serve as a point where slow trains can be passed by faster trains. A variation at some stations is to have the slow and fast pairs of tracks each served by island platforms (as is common on the New York City Subway; the Broad Street Line of Philadelphia; and the Chicago Transit Authority's Red and Purple lines). A rarer layout, present at Mets-Willets Point on the IRT Flushing Line, 34th Street – Penn Station on the IRT Seventh Avenue Line and 34th Street – Penn Station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway, uses two side platforms for local services with an island in between for express services. The purpose of this atypical design was to reduce unnecessary passenger congestion at a station with a high volume of passengers. Since the IRT Seventh Avenue Line and IND Eighth Avenue Line have adjacent express stations at 42nd Street, passengers can make their transfers from local to express trains there, leaving more space available for passengers utilizing intercity rail at Pennsylvania Station. The Willets Point Boulevard station was renovated to accommodate the high volume of passengers coming to the 1939 World's Fair.

Examples
Many of the stations on the Great Central Railway in England (now almost entirely closed) were constructed in this form. This was because the line was planned to connect to a Channel Tunnel. If this happened, the lines would need to be compatible with continental loading gauge, and this would mean it would be easy to change the line to a larger gauge, by moving the track away from the platform to allow the wider bodied continental rolling stock to pass freely while leaving the platform area untouched.

Island platforms are a very normal sight on Indian railway stations. Almost all railway stations in India consist of island platforms.

Australia
In Sydney, on the Eastern Suburbs Railway and the Epping Chatswood Railway, the twin tunnels are widely spaced and the tracks can remain at a constant track centres while still leaving room for the island platforms. A slight disadvantage is that crossovers have to be rather long. Examples in Melbourne include West Footscray, Middle Footscray, Albion and Tottenham on the Sunbury line, Kananook on the Frankston Line, Aircraft, Williams Landing and Hoppers Crossing on the Werribee Line, Ardeer, Caroline Springs on the Ballaarat Line, Glen Iris, Holmesglen, Jordanville and Syndal on the Glen Waverley Line, and Watsonia and Heidelberg on the Hurstbridge line.

Canada
In Toronto, 29 subway stations use island platforms (a few in the newer stations on the Bloor–Danforth line, a few on the Yonge–University line and all of the Sheppard line).

In Edmonton, all 18 LRT stations on the Capital Line and Metro Line used island platforms until NAIT/Blatchford Market station opened in 2024, the only station with side platforms as of 2024. The Valley Line Southeast uses low-floor LRT technology, but uses island platforms on only one of the 12 stops, Mill Woods.

Singapore
Almost all of the elevated stations in Singapore's Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) system use island platforms. The exceptions are Dover MRT station and Canberra MRT station, which use side platforms as they are built on an existing rail line, also known as an infill station. Gul Circle uses a stacked island platform configuration. The same follows for underground stations, with the exception being Braddell MRT station, Bishan MRT station, Ang Mo Kio MRT station, and a few stations on the Downtown line (Stevens, Downtown, Telok Ayer, Chinatown and MacPherson) and the Thomson-East Coast line (Napier, Maxwell, Shenton Way and Marina Bay)

United States
In southern New Jersey and Philadelphia, PATCO uses island platforms in all of its 13 stations, to facilitate one-person train operation. The NYC Subway's Second Avenue Subway features island platforms at all stations. Many other stations in the system have the same layout.

Unused sides of island platforms
Sometimes when the track on one side of the platform is unused by passenger trains, that side may be fenced off. Examples include Hurlstone Park, Lewisham, Sydney and Yeronga, Brisbane.

In New York City's subway system, unused sides are located at Bowling Green as well as every express station without express service, such as Pelham Parkway on the IRT Dyre Avenue line. In Jersey City, the Newport PATH station has the same configuration as Bowling Green—one side platform and one island platform.

On the Tokyo Metro, the Ginza Line has a side platform and an island platform at Nihombashi. Likewise, the Namba and Minami-morimachi stations on the Osaka Metro have similar configurations. On JR East, the Yokosuka Line platforms at Musashi-Kosugi feature a similar setup following a new side platform opening in December 2022.

Some stations of the Glasgow Subway have one island platform and one side platform (Hillhead, Buchanan Street, and Ibrox).

In Wellington, New Zealand, unused sides can be found at two stations on the Hutt Valley Line: Waterloo and Petone. Waterloo's island platform was reconfigured to be the down side platform when the station was extensively rebuilt in the late 1980s, with the unused side now facing onto a bus bay. Petone's island platform served the up main line and the suburban loop line until the suburban loop was lifted in the early 1990s. The unused platform now faces onto the station's park-and-ride carpark.

title: Island platform


text:
Talk:Volvo S60

Platform
Its just so much marketing. Different brands and even different platform numbers. Basically the same platform as the Jaguar X type, Ford Mondeo and Mazda6.

 * No, the Mondeo and X TYPE use the CD132 platform which is entirely different from the P2/D3. The Mazda6 uses a Mazda-designed platform, the CD3.  These are three different platforms designed in three different countried by three different engineering teams.  The suspension, wheelbase, floorpan, and powertrain components are all quite different.  --SFoskett 13:03, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)

One page for all Volvo P2 platforms?
I'm wondering whether we should cover all S60/V70/S80 information on the Volvo P2 platform page instead?

I've made headway in making the Volvo V70 page presentable, but I can see we'll end up with duplicated information here..

Thoughts?

 * The P2 page appears to be merely a summary of the cars built on the platform, but no information on the car specfics. I think individual pages for the S60, V70, S80, etc. are fine.Justinslink 18:59, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

Speed GT win
I think this page should probably have something about the (dominating!) Speed World Challenge GT win of a Volvo S60R, at Mosport... unless there's some reason not to. I could add it if no one else wants to, but I'd rather not right now... Bduddy 20:36, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

Mistake?
Volvo 850, the first front-wheel-drive Volvo imported to the U.S., and the S60 draws its heritage from this model

Shouldn't S60 be S70?

The S70 is the direct descendant (they're practically indistinguishable!), but the S60 is related, so I think that's fine. Especially since the S60 is the article subject... Bduddy 02:00, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

 * The S70 was essentially a rebadge of the 850. There were little to no changes involved.  Pointing to the S70 as the model from which the S60 draws its heritage would inherently repoint to the 850.  I say keep it was 850.Justinslink 18:57, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

S60R
If you are looking at the S60, check out the S60R

It was designed under Peter Horbury and not by him AFAIK
From the information that can be found in various places the original designer of Volvo's shoulders and curves is Doug Fraser, the same designer that Steve Mattin recently appointed to generate the original design for Volvo XC60. Fraser draw the original artwork for ECC concept from which the "new Volvo design language" originates from, and did the design groundworks for S80 and XC90. The S60 was a redesign of the original ECC/S80 design and new V70/XC70 and C30 refine and use ideas originating from the XC90 and S80. That said, industrial design is a team effort in which design director is probably both doing some actual design work but more importantly his job is to direct, help with communication on the marketing-design-engineering relation, and promote/demote other peoples ideas and artwork. Horbury was an active designer at Volvo and has designed the 460 and (I think) 850 which lead to the "intermediate" designs (the not-quite-boxy-but-not-quite-modern S40, V40, C70 and V70 in their first versions). By the time the new generation of Volvo design (the sholders) was being developed, Horbury was performing director duty and the actual ideas and work were coming from his subordinates. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.94.156.102 (talk) 12:11, 11 April 2009 (UTC)

S60 Minor facelift ...2007 - 2009? Discontinued production in 2008...
Shouldn't the production stop date of 2008 be mentioned in the article for the P2 platform? Production stopped in 2008, and the remaining produced models are sold as 2009 models.

As well, there was a minor refresh in 2007-2008 with the lower front lip design (for the s60 non-R models), additional chrome door handles(optional) and signal lamp on the side mirrors. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.51.249.1 (talk) 14:39, 18 January 2010 (UTC)

S60 R continued
The S60 R is formally called "S60 R" and not "S60R" as changed by FAEP on 27 June 2010. Please see http://new.volvocars.com/ownersdocs/2005/2005_s60/05s60_00.htm, specifically the image of the front cover of the 2005 S60 R's owner's manual. I've changed the page back. Evilspoons (talk) 19:51, 28 June 2010 (UTC)

Volvo S60 R: Suspension Manufacturer Change (Possible Assistance Needed)
I am pretty new to editing Wikipedia pages, and am not quite sure if I performed this edit correctly. Please make any changes necessary to make the formatting correct.

Under the S60 R section, I noticed that it said that the S60 R contained shock-absorbers manufactured by Ohlins. The Active Chassis system was developed by Ohlins, but Volvo decided to use Monroe shock absorbers in the production units. The original cited source was somewhat confusing on this subject. I found a new source and corrected the article to what I deemed necessary for it to be accurate. I am not sure if the citation is a "good" source, but this information was somewhat hard to come by from a more reputable source. I have read it in other places, and most importantly, I KNOW the shocks are made by Monroe because I own an S60 R and am a local service technician at a Volvo dealership. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Binaryf8 (talk • contribs) 06:29, 20 April 2011 (UTC)

S60/V60 article confuses models. Title (by nomenclature) and introduction only mentions the sedan.
My first editing contribution (suggestion)... The heading and intro to the article only mentions the S60 and identifies it as a sedan (the S in S60). The article later discusses the V60 (V as in "versatile" aka "estate car" aka "station wagon") offshoot. I don't know if a split of the models into different articles is more appropriate or an inclusive edit of the title and introductory section (due to the commonalities, the later makes sense to me). Since "Volvo V60" redirects here, those looking for a wagon would be similarly confused.

Not being familiar with the model naming nomenclature (see Volvo Cars article), I was excited to see the sedan now comes with a plugin diesel hybrid option - which is not true. I embarrassed myself discussing this with a Volvo dealer recently and only made things clear to myself with a careful reading of both this and the Volvo Cars article. Dottoson (talk) 03:48, 27 December 2012 (UTC)

Petrol engines
Doesn't the "T5 (AWD)" also come on FWD cars? Bubba73 You talkin' to me? 02:43, 20 January 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20091004213839/http://www.iihs.org/ratings/ratingsbyseries.aspx?id=412 to http://www.iihs.org/ratings/ratingsbyseries.aspx?id=412
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Subjective, verbatim car review text
The paragraph marked as footnote 35 is a verbatim extract from a car magazine subjective review of the vehicle, and not appropriate in tone for a Wikipedia article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 184.223.252.200 (talk) 09:14, 13 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Volvo S60


text:
Suez inscriptions of Darius the Great

The Suez inscriptions of Darius the Great were texts written in Old Persian, Elamite, Babylonian and Egyptian on five monuments erected in Wadi Tumilat, commemorating the opening of the "Canal of the Pharaohs" between the Nile and the Bitter Lakes.

One of the best preserved of these monuments was a stele of pink granite, which was discovered by Charles de Lesseps, Ferdinand de Lesseps's son, in 1866, 30 kilometres from Suez near Kabret in Egypt. It was erected by Darius the Great, king of the Achaemenid Empire (or Persia), whose reign lasted from 522 to 486 BCE. The monument, also known as the Chalouf stele (alt. Shaluf Stele), records the construction of a forerunner of the modern Suez Canal by the Persians, a canal through Wadi Tumilat, connecting the easternmost, Bubastite, branch of the Nile with Lake Timsah, which was connected to the Red Sea by natural waterways. The stated purpose of the canal was the creation of a shipping connection between the Nile and the Red Sea, between Egypt and Persia.

Text
Partial transliteration and translation of the inscription:
 * Transliteration of the Old Persian text:

xâmanišiya \ thâtiy \ Dârayavauš \ XŠ \ adam \ Pârsa \ amiy \ hacâ \ Pâ rsâ \ Mudrâyam \ agarbâyam \ adam \ niyaštâyam \ imâm \ yauviyâ m \ katanaiy \ hacâ \ Pirâva \ nâma \ rauta \ tya \ Mudrâyaiy \ danuvatiy \ ab iy \ draya \ tya \ hacâ \ Pârsâ \ aitiy \ pasâva \ iyam \ yauviyâ \ akaniya \ avathâ \ yathâ \ adam \ niyaštâyam \ utâ \ nâva \ âyatâ \ hacâ \ Mudrâ yâ \ tara \ imâm \ yauviyâm \ abiy \ Pârsam \ avathâ \ yathâ \ mâm \ kâma\ âha

 * English translation:

"King Darius says: I am a Persian; setting out from Persia I conquered Egypt. I ordered to dig this canal from the river that is called Nile and flows in Egypt, to the sea that begins in Persia. Therefore, when this canal had been dug as I had ordered, ships went from Egypt through this canal to Persia, as I had intended."

title: Suez inscriptions of Darius the Great


text:
User talk:Spudtater

Welcome!
Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Johntex 16:49, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Gunpowder plot
I saw your post on User:Pwqn's talk page about the uncredited source for his large text dump into Gunpowder plot, so I went looking for it. It's from here. It is, indeed, public domain, and the authors appear to be anon., but I added some info about the source just for GPs. -- Mwanner 21:35, May 21, 2005 (UTC)

Help
Oh, I saw your copyediting in the page Japanese Occupation of Hong Kong. Nice job! :-) Another article Flag of Hong Kong may need your attention as well. I'd like to promote this article to be a featured article, so your contribution to this page is very important. :-D -- Jerry Crimson Mann

Yima
Thanks for the Yima article, you reduced my infinitely long Zoroastrian articles to-do list by one - good job. Can't go wrong with Avesta.org, and SBE are free domain, (though Joe standardizes spelling and so-forth). I hope you might consider helping me in the future. I thought about tweaking the article a little, but decided it was good as is and just to link it to the Jamshid article, which might be merged in the future. Khiradtalk

Salome article
Hey, great work on the Salome (disciple) article. -Acjelen 03:20, 10 November 2005 (UTC)

Freedom of Infomation Act
Just to let you know, I listed your article, Freedom of Infomation Act, for speedy deletion. --Descendall 01:45, 16 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Oops! Didn't even spot the missing r there.  8^P   --Spudtater 09:50, 16 May 2006 (UTC)

Welcome!
 Welcome!

Hi, and welcome to the Countries WikiProject! As you may have guessed, we're a group of editors working to improve Wikipedia's coverage of counties.

There are a variety of interesting things to do within the project; you're free to participate however much—or little—you like:

 * Starting some new articles? See some model pages such as Cambodia!
 * Want to know how good our articles are? The assessment department is working on rating the quality of every country article in Wikipedia.

If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to ask another fellow member, and we'll be happy to help you. Again, welcome! We look forward to seeing you around! Shy1520 10:26, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

Tarot
Just so you know... you added the 'magic-stub' template to a bunch of tarot articles. The proper stub template is 'occult-stub', which will help editors who are into tarot spot the article faster. Magic-stub is for Magic (illusion). Thanks, welcome, help if you need it, message my talk page etc... Cheers! User:Pedant 04:22, 28 August 2006 (UTC)

Referendum of November 6th, 1999 in external Australian territories
I request to you as to I think that you are Cocos Islander. So I request to you with one brief question. Please give me some information  about  Australian Republican referendum of  November 6th, 1999 on Cocos (Keeling) islands and reference on source (on this page). Beforehand Thank You CrazyRepublican (talk) 01:11, 19 January 2008 (UTC)

Hello
I just discovered your existence. Feel free to visit the pages I created of boxing: I love historical boxing. Anything, just let me know. Pedro Io_Wiki2007 (talk) 23:00, 26 March 2009 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Kristin Cashore
A tag has been placed on Kristin Cashore requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section A7 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the article appears to be about a person or group of people, but it does not indicate how or why the subject is important or significant: that is, why an article about that subject should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, such articles may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, as well as our subject-specific notability guideline for biographies.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding  to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you. Jenuk1985 |  Talk  22:21, 5 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Hi User:Jenuk1985. The speedy delete tag was removed by a subsequent editor. I take it this means I don't need to contest the deletion? –Spudtater (talk • contribs) 13:13, 6 April 2009 (UTC)

University of Valle
Hello. I've noticed that you made some corrections to the University of Valle article. It seems to me that the rewording produced a incorrect explanation of the accreditation process, since the accreditation procedure has not being given eight times, but one time for an eight year period, from 2005 to 2013. Andes and Antioquia universities have a nine year period. Also the 30 undergraduate programs were accredited as 2009, not in 2009. Finally, I'm not sure if its convenient to make a list for the degrees of the faculties, although I can eventually create a table to put the data by years. I've not made any corrections of the text, because I prefer that a native speaker does them. I would like that you review your corrections and my suggestions and see what you can do. Thank you for your collaboration, and I hope I can see more of your work in the article. Regards -Andremun (talk) 14:42, 7 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Hi, and thanks for the feedback. I've updated the article, and hope I've now corrected my previous misunderstandings! With regards to the list, I can't think of an easy way to put it in a single sentence, so if it's okay I'd like to leave it at that for now. Finally, don't feel you have to have a perfect grasp of the english language to make corrections to the article! Most articles like this are going to be a collaboration between people who know what they are talking about but don't have perfect english (like you) and people who are fluent in english but don't know very much about the subject (like me). All we can do is hope that with repeated edits the article becomes both clearer and more accurate. Thanks – Spudtater (talk • contribs) 22:35, 7 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Hello. I've noticed your edits.  Thanks for the help! Regards -Andremun (talk) 01:33, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Hello again. I would appreciate if you could check some other sections of the article.  I've noticed that some parts of the "Student Profile" may be a bit confusing.  Please let me know were more work should be done.  Thanks -Andremun (talk) 04:45, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Hi, since you asked nicely I've gone over that section. In fact I've now been over the entire article making changes! I've also left a note in the talk page, as I'm a bit confused about some of the faculty names. I think I'm largely done with this article now, as it's already taken several hours of my time! Good luck with future developments, and thanks for getting it to the point where it was already. –Spudtater (talk • contribs) 19:12, 8 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Hello. Thank you for your help, I've noticed several edits that have made the article flow a lot better.  Also, I corrected the part in the history about the faculties.  I made a note in the talk page answering it.  At the student profile section, there is still a bit of information that is tricky (top 10 place, I don't know if you remember it).  Let me see if I can explain it, so we can retouch it.  Let's put it in this way, there is a different test for each mayor, and not a single standardized test for all the mayors.  In overall 40 persons of the whole university get one of the top ten places in its mayor test, making in average about two students per mayor get a top ten place.  I don't know if this makes it easier to understand.  Please let me know if you can find a better way to put it.  Regards -Andremun (talk) 00:44, 11 April 2009 (UTC)
 * Hi again! I've made some more improvements in the article.  Could you please check it out.  Regards -Andremun (talk) 16:44, 8 July 2009 (UTC)

Thanks!
Thanks for the template you made for me! I am not good with html, and I didn't know that it would show up on that page about lacking sources. Thanks for taking it in good humor and making me one! Nameless9123 (talk) 18:26, 21 April 2009 (UTC)

 * No problem! I doubt that this would have been obvious to most people. – Spudtater (talk • contribs) 08:57, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

Request for help
I thought it might be a good idea to run a contest or two through the Countries WikiProject to attract editors to improve country coverage on Wikipedia, especially the country outlines.

I noticed you are a member of the WikiProject, and was wondering if you could help.

I've posted a message at Countries WikiProject talk page to get discussion started on what the awards programs should be and how they should be run.

Your ideas and feedback would be greatly appreciated.

The Transhumanist 23:41, 18 May 2009 (UTC)

Grand National
Hi, I have reverted most of your edit to the Grand National section on horse welfare and fatalities. I have left an explanation on the talk page but hope that we can work together to resolve the issues and to make this article as neutral as possible. I have to say that I have severe concerns over the reliability of the Animalaid website, but will be very willing to include fatality numbers from more reliable and unbiased sources, such as. I also have to say that the information about how Aintree has improved their facilities is clearly very relevant and adds a great deal of balance, it is an aspect of this emotive subject that I think many people will be unaware of. The title of the section is very debatable, too. I am happy to suggest a compromise and go with "Horse welfare and fatalities". Thanks, --TBM10 (talk) 12:58, 12 April 2011 (UTC)
 * See the talk page of that article. I've accepted your compromise section title for now, and as for its content, I'll refrain from deleting content about veterinary care if you refrain from deleting content about equine fatalities! I think a better eventual solution would be to split "equine fatalities" out into a sub-section of "horse welfare"; this would allow the fatalities to remain the main focus of one (sub-)section, while at the same time presenting them in a more balanced context. –Spudtater (talk • contribs) 13:54, 12 April 2011 (UTC)

Your opinion would be appreciated
As a member of WikiProject Countries, I'm seeking your opinion on a possible issue identified at List of sovereign states. If you have some spare moments, please contribute a comment at the Discussion of criteria. Best regards,  Night w   06:47, 20 June 2011 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:01, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Spudtater


text:
Talk:Griffin Television Tower Oklahoma

Was it built in 1954 or in 1986? Was it rebuilt in 1986?

 * I don't know, but I was not able to find any other information that suggested that it was (re)built in 1986, so I've changed it to 1954 because that is what every other source said. Scottmso 03:53, 24 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Oops, I looked at that FCC page and it says 1986. However, I have not been able to find any other pages that say that it was built at that time so I suppose it will say 1954 for now. Scottmso 03:59, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

Add picture of tower, please —Preceding unsigned comment added by 91.46.240.177 (talk) 21:31, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

The tower was deconstructed in 2015.
I don't know what to make of that statement. The rest of the article speaks of the tower in the present tense. TomS TDotO (talk) 11:50, 23 February 2016 (UTC)
 * The tower has been dissembled, I will try to update the article to reflect that later this week when I find the time.-- Dcheagle   • talk • contribs 12:31, 23 February 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Griffin Television Tower Oklahoma


text:
Wikipedia:Wikifun/Round 8/Answers/Question 12

Dr. Julius No links to Guano (which is how I found it) and has the biography described. Christopher Lee played Saruman in The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers, and Ian Fleming wanted Lee to play the title role in Dr. No. Zoicon5 16:50, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Sprouting

Merge to seed sprout
Re. request to merge sprouting with seed sprout, after reading the latter page there was nothing in it that wasn't in the former, thus I've changed that page into a redirector and removed the merge requests quercus robur 16:51, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

"no more than about 550g daily"?
Joy Larkom, advises that to be on the safe side “one shouldn’t eat large quantities of raw legume sprouts on a regular basis, no more than about 550g (20oz) daily”

How reliable is this? Who is this person exactly? (some guy who wrote a book about veggies apparently). Anyway, can his contention be held to be true, and if so, why?Zigzig20s 13:45, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

 * Joy Larkcom is a she for a start, and probably one of the UK's foremost writers on the subject of vegetable and salad gardening. I'd count her opinion as pretty reliable, and her contention, as clearly stated in the article already, is that some legumes contain levels of toxins in their uncooked state, thus best not to eat too many of them to be on the safe side. Have formated reference to this effect quercus robur 15:48, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

coubras: can we please have scientific proven fact and not people's "opinion"? UK's foremost writers, ok but what is the scientific background of this person and on what peer reviewed published studies does she base her fact? I am not trying to be negative but I would like fact that can be verified. Added links to hydroponics, aeroponic and aeroponics for additional information --Agrihouse 17:11, 18 January 2007 (UTC)

"Some legumes can contain toxins, which can be reduced by soaking, sprouting and cooking (eg, stir frying). Joy Larkcom, advises that to be on the safe side “one shouldn’t eat large quantities of raw legume sprouts on a regular basis, no more than about 550g (20oz) daily” [1]."

It can be reduced by sprouting...So the problem seems to be solved. And then 'she' up and says we shouldn't eat too much of it...I think there's a problem in the syntax here, if anything. Perhaps we could add a "however" before 'Joy Larkcom'?Zigzig20s 19:54, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

SERIOUSLY? No more than 1.25 POUNDS of sprouts per day? That's not very "limited" in my view...... 99.246.79.105 (talk) 00:08, 17 June 2008 (UTC)

Nutrient density
The claim about "most nutrient dense food on earth" needs backing up with a suitable citation, as do some of the other claims about nutrition content. A definition of "nutrient" is also needed, in order to clarify what the claim actually means. Howard Wright 13:12, 19 March 2007 (UTC)Howard Wright

"Crude" protein content
Need to define what is meant by "crude protein". Assuming it means "amino acids".

I could not find the Morgan 1992 study nor verify the claim that protein content of sprouts increased from the time of germination" in other sources. Moreover, need to identify which sprout (which specific lentils, beans, etc) and, again, content of which protein, as well as the measure of "content" (e.g., by weight or as % of weight).

According to nutrient databases I consulted (e.g., http://www.nutritiondata.com/), protein content of beans or lentils by weight drops significantly to lower than cooked levels. It does not increase. This makes sense as the protein is used up as the seed germinates. The protein profile does change, but overall protein content apparently drops.

I've seen this statement already quoted on many other sites. It should be verified or removed. I would also urge you, until then, to flag the nutritional paragraph as possibly containing incorrect information. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 99.231.53.217 (talk) 23:34, 15 June 2009 (UTC)

Infomercial?
Should this article contain nutritional and dietary guidelines? The title/subject suggests to me an article with academic and practical information for the gardener or agriculture practitioner.

Sections 3 and 4 seem to be trying to sell a book about a diet and a GoGreen automatic sprouting machine. Perhaps that information could be moved to a 'dieting article' regarding the health benefits of eating sprouts, with a link to it provided from this page under the 'See also' section.

Just a suggestion. OutOfWhack 16:01, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Incomplete Citations
This article has a number of partial in-line citations without full citations anywhere else. For instance, "Shipard, 2005" is cited five times but nowhere is an article name, journal name, day or month, issue#, et cetera provided. Others include Chavan and Kadam (1989), Morgan et al. (1992) [?!! How many Morgans published anything that year?], Cuddeford (1989), Chung et al. (1989), Peer and Leeson (1985), MacLeod and White (1962),  and Gontzea and Sutzescu (1958). I appreciate the information being provided, but without full citations the information is suspect. My feeling is it should be properly referenced or else removed. Anyone want to weigh in on this? -- Begeun (talk) 18:44, 31 May 2008 (UTC)

i agree that the citations should be properly referenced. i don't think removing them is a good idea as much of the article is based on Chavan and Kamdam(1989. the actual reference is Chavan, J.K., Kadam, S.S., 1989. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition. Food Sci. 28, 348-400. i was trying to update the article but had some technical difficulties. not to mention that i could not find the article online, only citations. i couldn't find a journal called "food science" either. i am not sure if i should proceed with solving my technical difficulties considering that i can't find the actual article. what is the proper procdure for this? ninjasmurf (talk) 01:36 26 March 2012 (UTC)

Citation # 1 is a broken link, and the sentence it is attached to is unclear. What toxin are they referring to? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jraudhi (talk • contribs) 00:55, 29 April 2011 (UTC)

WikiProject Food and drink Tagging
This article talk page was automatically added with WikiProject Food and drink banner as it falls under Category:Food or one of its subcategories. If you find this addition an error, Kindly undo the changes and update the inappropriate categories if needed. The bot was instructed to tagg these articles upon consenus from WikiProject Food and drink. You can find the related request for tagging here. If you have concerns, please inform on the project talk page -- TinucherianBot (talk) 13:01, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

Merge to edible sprouts
See discussion at Talk:Edible sprouts. Hyacinth (talk) 02:53, 13 May 2010 (UTC)

 * I did the merging, but still much work needs to be done. Please feel free to help. :0) --Dia^ (talk) 22:39, 23 March 2011 (UTC)

Instructions Unclear
I don't know how to sprout my mung beans and this page didn't tell me how... though I might be able to figure it out.

1) do I clean them

2) do I presoak or just put them in water?

3) water must drain out, but there is an implication that it should be reapplied 2-5 times daily. Is this correct?

4) depth of beans in container. Picture would indicate this is not key but no discussion of the issues involved (crowding), though the mention of 2-400% growth factor gives some clue.

5) harvesting. I think I just put them in the fridge.

6) how do I know they are ready... I hate it when I get those half sprouted beans.

Lday (talk) 15:06, 31 July 2010 (UTC)

Nutritional Information
Probably not the best choice of subject, but... The reference for Chavan and Kadam (1989), which appears here first, is as follows: Critical reviews in food science and nutrition (1989),v. 28(5) p. 401-437 Nutritional improvement of cereals by sprouting Chavan, J.K. (Mahatma Phule Agricultural University, Rahuri, India); Kadam, S.S.

Clearly not the proper format for citations, but since the article is cited several times and incorporating this info will mean reordering the list of citations and adjusting every reference to it, I thought I'd leave that for the owner of this page.

It's not online anywhere that I can find for free, but this link will get you to where you can order it -- not sure what the rules are on linking like this. Zlama (talk) 05:58, 13 October 2011 (UTC)

Okay, I found the Shipard citation information: Title	How Can I Grow and Use Sprouts as Living Food? Author	Isabell Shipard Contributor	Ricky Shipard Publisher	Stewart, David, 2005 ISBN 0975825208, 9780975825204 Length	136 pages

For proper citation, you really need page numbers for what you use, but at least this gets the reader to the actual book, which appears to be readily available. Zlama (talk) 06:45, 13 October 2011 (UTC)

 * If we have the citations inline, and if the books the refer to are in the bibliography section at the bottom, why do we still have the "citation needed" tags? Not trying to step on toes; just genuinely confused. 15.219.153.77 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 23:23, 21 December 2011 (UTC).

Casualty figure discords with actual "...outbreak" article's
Here 40+ are reported to have died. There it's 50+. If anyone wants to check and correct, please check the figures for all those infected as well. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 109.144.183.126 (talk) 12:04, 16 April 2013 (UTC)

German infection
I don't know how this is normally done but the information is in error, it was not bean sprouts that caused the outbreak but rather fenugreek sprouts, they are not the same thing. Can somebody who knows how fix it?

"In June 2011, contaminated bean sprouts in Germany were identified as the source of the 2011 E. coli O104:H4 outbreak.[4] In addition to Germany, where 3,792 cases and 42 deaths had been reported as of 22 June,[11] a handful of cases have been reported in several countries including Switzerland,[11] Poland,[11] the Netherlands,[11] Sweden,[11] Denmark,[11] the UK,[11][12] Canada[11] and the USA.[13] Essentially all affected people had been in Germany shortly before becoming ill." — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.84.196.211 (talk) 06:31, 5 September 2011 (UTC)

Blacklisted Links Found on Sprouting
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 * http://newsletter.sgs.com/eNewsletterPro/uploadedimages/000006/sgs-safeguards-05113-new-eu-regulation-of-sprouts-and-seeds-intended-for-the-production-of-sprouts.pdf
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Nutrients in grams per 100 grams of non-water components of kidney beans
This table "Nutrients in grams per 100 grams of non-water components of kidney beans" isn't very useful as-is. The reference links are not about beans or sprouts nutrition. Its not clear what is compared; its comparing nutrition of raw beans versus (raw?) sprouted beans, but you're not supposed to eat raw beans (toxic)

So if this table is supposed to be useful, it needs to explain how much dry beans you start with then nutrition of cooked beans versus cooked sprouts. And the links need to be correct.

Merger proposal
I propose that Bean sprout be merged into Sprouting. As there already are Soybean sprout and Mung bean sprout articles dedicated to the specific subjects, the "general" contents in the Bean sprout article can be explained well in the context of Sprouting, and the Sprouting article is of a reasonable size that the merging of Foo will not cause any problems as far as article size or undue weight is concerned. --Pikkuihminen (talk) 08:53, 21 December 2017 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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Reducing the term to nutrition is like defining Caesar as a type of salad
Arminden (talk) 18:54, 9 August 2018 (UTC)

Gallery images moved here for discussion
I had chopped this gallery section earlier, but another user returned it to the article. Why do we need a gallery of random images at the end of the article? If the images are good - then use them to illustrate specific sections in the article. Additionally, the gallery "title" is rather irrelevant to the images and not even correctly done. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Vsmith (talk • contribs) 17:12, 18 February 2019 (UTC)

types of germination

 * The gallery images are relevant and I don't see why this gallery shouldn't be here, AFAIK. I've restored the gallery at the article, because it helps to see what's being discussed in context and because it's usual to leave things as they were before a contested edit, until a consensus forms. Someone (or several people; I haven't checked the edit history) thought these images were a good idea at one time, and I don't see why they have to go. Dhtwiki (talk) 20:36, 18 February 2019 (UTC)
 * A. the 2nd image appears to be a commercial promotion
 * B. the images do not fit the section title (which was not capitalized) - how is a package of bamboo sprouts relevant to the title.
 * Roll on down the line ... and thanks for catching my lack of a sig up there :) Vsmith (talk) 12:47, 19 February 2019 (UTC)

Science
Differences between industrial and home productio 169.159.220.153 (talk) 15:05, 7 November 2022 (UTC)

What is sprouted cereals
My local farmers’ market was busy with the Saturday morning bustle of people buying homemade goods and locally grown fruits and vegetables. One of the vendors had a swarm of customers inspecting freshly baked breads. “They’re sprouted-grain breads,” the baker told me, and explained that they tasted better and were healthier than regular whole-grain breads. A sample was delicious — the recipe included sprouted Kamut and spelt, and the bread had a nutty flavor — but was it more nutritious than the regular whole-grain bread I’d just purchased from another vendor?

About sprouted grains For more on the subject, I turned to Kristina Secinaro, a registered dietitian at Harvard-affiliated Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. 60.243.92.106 (talk) 10:00, 5 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sprouting


text:
Michel Rodange

Michel Rodange (3 January 1827 – 27 August 1876) was a Luxembourgish writer and poet, best known for writing Luxembourg's national epic, Reynard|Renert [full original title: Renert oder de Fuuß am Frack an a Ma'nsgrëßt].

Biography
Rodange was born in Waldbillig. He was a schoolteacher by profession, teaching in Steinsel and Larochette, although he later became a city worker in Echternach.

His most notable work was Renert, published in 1872. An epic satirical work—adapted from the 1858 Cotta Edition of Goethe's fox epic Reineke Fuchs to a setting in Luxembourg— it is known for its insightful analysis of the unique characteristics of the people of Luxembourg, using regional and sub regional dialects to depict the fox and his companions.

The Lycée Michel-Rodange school in Luxembourg City is named after him. He has been featured on two postage stamps.

title: Michel Rodange


text:
Black Isle

The Black Isle (an t-Eilean Dubh, ) is a peninsula within Ross and Cromarty, in the Scottish Highlands. It includes the towns of Cromarty and Fortrose, and the villages of Culbokie, Resolis, Jemimaville, Rosemarkie, Avoch, Munlochy, Tore, and North Kessock, as well as numerous smaller settlements. About 12,000 people live on the Black Isle, depending on the definition.

It contains the civil parishes of Killearnan, Knockbain, Avoch, Rosemarkie, Cromarty, Resolis, and Urquhart. These parishes had a total population of 12,302 at the 2011 census.

The northern slopes of the Black Isle offer fine views of Dingwall, Ben Wyvis, Fyrish and the deepwater anchorage at Invergordon. To the south, Inverness and the Monadhliath Mountains can be seen.

Description
Despite its name, the Black Isle is not an island but a peninsula, surrounded on three sides by the sea – the Cromarty Firth to the north, the Beauly Firth to the south, and the Moray Firth to the east.

On the fourth, western side, its boundary is broadly delineated by rivers. The River Conon, which divides Maryburgh from Conon Bridge, defines the border in the north-west. The south-western boundary is variously considered to be either a minor tributary of the River Beauly separating Beauly (in Inverness-shire) and Muir of Ord (on the Black Isle in Ross and Cromarty), dividing the two counties and also delineating the start of the Black Isle; or alternatively, the River Beauly itself, thus including Beauly in the Black Isle despite its official placement in Inverness-shire.

There are modern road bridges across the Cromarty and Beauly Firths, which carry the A9 trunk road across the heart of the Black Isle. The last remaining ferry is a summer service from Cromarty to Nigg. The North Coast 500 scenic route crosses the base of the peninsula.

The Black Isle is close to railway stations at Inverness and along the Far North Line to Dingwall, as well as Inverness Airport and the cruise ship terminal at Invergordon. There are a number of hotels and B&Bs on the Black Isle itself, with many more nearby.

Land use is primarily arable farming and forestry. Since the Kessock Ferry across the Beauly Firth was replaced by the bridge, the Black Isle has become something of a commuter zone for Inverness.

The whole of the Black Isle is part of the Presbytery of Ross.

The Black Isle has a wide variety of wildlife including several legally protected areas. It is particularly known for the chance to see bottlenose dolphins at close range, either from wildlife boat operators in Avoch and Cromarty or from the beach at Chanonry Point between Rosemarkie and Fortrose.

Castles
Castles on the Black Isle (whether ruins, or otherwise) include Castlecraig, Redcastle, and Kilcoy Castle. Cromarty House stands on the site of former Cromarty Castle and is built in part from its reclaimed stone and timbers. Kinkell Castle has been recently restored. Former castles of the Black Isle for which there are no physical remains include Tarradale Castle, Castle Chanonry of Ross and a mound indicating the former site of Ormond Castle.

History
Conventional middle to modern Black Isle history is well documented at a number of visitor centres and cottage museums sprinkled across the peninsula. According to the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, it was originally called Ardmeanach (ard, 'height'; maniach, 'monk', from an old religious house on the wooded ridge of Mulbuie), and it derived its customary name from the fact that, since snow does not lie in winter, the promontory looks black while the surrounding country is white. However, that is only one theory amongst many.

Rosehaugh, near Avoch, belonged to Sir George Mackenzie, founder of the Advocates' Library in Edinburgh, who earned the sobriquet of "Bloody" from his persecution of the Covenanters. Redcastle, on the shore, near Killearnan church, dates from 1179 and is said to have been the earliest inhabited house in the north of Scotland. On the forfeiture of the earldom of Ross it became a royal castle (being visited by Mary, Queen of Scots), and afterwards passed for a period into the hands of the Mackenzies of Gairloch. Previously, the Black Isle had been Munro country.

The Black Isle was one of the earliest parts of the northern Highlands to experience the clearances and was settled with many Lowland shepherds and farmers, especially from the north east.

Hugh Miller, self-taught geologist and writer, was born in Cromarty where his cottage is now a National Trust for Scotland museum.

Alexander Mackenzie, who crossed Canada overland in 1793 and gave his name to the Mackenzie River, is buried near Avoch.

Between 1989 and 1994, 93 red kites of Swedish origin were reintroduced to the Black Isle.

From 1894 until 1960 the Black Isle Railway, known officially as the Fortrose Branch, ran from Muir of Ord to Fortrose.

Education
The principal secondary school on the Black Isle is Fortrose Academy which currently has around 640 pupils. As of 2023, Fortrose Academy is one of the top 100 secondary schools in Scotland. There are a number of primary schools (listed below), most of whom transfer pupils to Fortrose Academy when they become of age, whilst the others transfer pupils to Dingwall Academy.

 * Avoch Primary School
 * Beauly Primary School
 * Ben Wyvis Primary School
 * Cromarty Primary School
 * Culbokie Primary School
 * Ferintosh Primary School
 * Mulbuie Primary School
 * Munlochy Primary School
 * North Kessock Primary School
 * Resolis Primary School
 * Tarradale Primary School
 * Tore Primary School

Culture
In addition to its Gaelic heritage, the Black Isle had its own dialect of North Northern Scots, used mainly among fisherfolk in Avoch and Cromarty, where it became extinct in October 2012, upon the death of Bobby Hogg, the last native speaker.

Now barely used, there are Clootie well sites at Munlochy, Jemimaville and Avoch.

The prophet the Brahan Seer was, according to legend, murdered at Chanonry Point after his predictions revealed a scandalous affair.

Anne MacLeod, the writer, lives on the Black Isle.

Artist Pamela Tait lives on the Black Isle.

Composer/musician Neil Grant is originally from Culbokie.

title: Black Isle


text:
The World (tarot card)

The World (XXI) is the 21st trump or Major Arcana card in the tarot deck. It can be incorporated as the final card of the Major Arcana or tarot trump sequence (the first or last optioned as being "The Fool" (0)). It is associated with the 22nd letter of the Hebrew alphabet, 'Tau', also spelled 'Tav' or 'Taw'.

Description
In the traditional Tarot of Marseilles, as well as the later Rider–Waite tarot deck, a naked woman hovers or dances above the Earth holding a baton in each hand, surrounded by a wreath, being watched by the four living creatures (or hayyoth) of Jewish mythology: a man, a lion, an ox, and an eagle. This depiction parallels the tetramorph used in Christian art, where the four creatures are used as symbols of the four Evangelists. Some astrological sources explain these observers as representatives of the natural world or the kingdom of beasts. According to astrological tradition the Lion is Leo—a fire sign, the Bull or calf is Taurus—an earth sign, the Man is Aquarius—an air sign, and the Eagle is Scorpio—a water sign. These signs are the four fixed signs and represent the classical four elements.

In some decks the wreath is an ouroboros biting its own tail. In the Thoth Tarot designed by Aleister Crowley, this card is called "The Universe."

Interpretation
According to A.E. Waite's 1910 book The Pictorial Key to the Tarot, the World card carries several divinatory associations:

"21.THE WORLD—Assured success, recompense, voyage, route, emigration, flight, change of place. Reversed: Inertia, fixity, stagnation, permanence."

The World represents an ending to a cycle of life, a pause in life before the next big cycle beginning with the fool. The figure is male and female, above and below, suspended between the heavens and the earth. It is completeness. It is also said to represent cosmic consciousness; the potential of perfect union with the One Power of the universe. It tells us full happiness is to also give back to the world: sharing what we have learned or gained. As described in the book The New Mythic Tarot by Juliet Sharman-Burke and Liz Greene (p. 82), the image of the woman (Hermaphroditus in Greek Mythology) is to show wholeness unrelated to sexual identification but rather of combined male and female energy on an inner level, which integrates opposites traits that arise in the personality charged by both energies. Opposite qualities between male and female that create turmoil in our life are joined in this card, and the image of becoming whole is an ideal goal, not something that can be possessed rather than achieved.

According to Robert M. Place in his book The Tarot, the four beasts on the World card represent the fourfold structure of the physical world—which frames the sacred center of the world, a place where the divine can manifest. Sophia, meaning Prudence or Wisdom (the dancing woman in the center), is spirit or the sacred center, the fifth element. Prudence is the fourth of the Cardinal virtues in the tarot. The lady in the center is a symbol of the goal of mystical seekers. In some older decks, this central figure is Christ, whereas in others it is Hermes. Whenever it comes up, this card represents what is truly desired.

In popular culture
In the manga JoJo's Bizarre Adventure: Stardust Crusaders, tarot cards are used to name the character's powers, named 'Stands'. The main antagonist of Stardust Crusaders, DIO, has a Stand named The World, named after The World card.

title: The World (tarot card)


text:
Judgement (tarot card)

Judgement (XX), or in some decks spelled Judgment, is a tarot card, part of the Major Arcana suit usually comprising 22 cards.

Card meanings

 * Judgement
 * Rebirth
 * Inner-calling
 * Absolution
 * Karma
 * Causality
 * Second chance

Description
The traditional scene is modeled after Christian imagery of the Resurrection and Last Judgment. An angel, possibly Metatron, probably Israfil, is depicted blowing a great trumpet, from which hangs the flag of St. George, which references the 15th chapter of 1 Corinthians. A group of resurrected people (man, woman, and child) of sallow complexion stand, arms spread, looking up at the angel in awe. The Sleeping Dead are emerging from crypts or graves, calling back to the Book of Revelation chapter 20, where the sea gives up its dead. There are snow-covered mountains in the background indicating a winter theme, similar to The Hermit, as a symbolical ending.

Alternative decks

 * In the Thoth tarot deck, Judgement is referred to as The Aeon and includes pictorial representations of Nuit, Hadit and Ra-Hoor-Khuit and Harpocrates.

Interpretation
According to A. E. Waite's 1910 book Pictorial Key to the Tarot, the Judgement card is associated with:"Change of position, renewal, outcome. Another account specifies total loss though lawsuit. Reversed: Weakness, pusillanimity, simplicity; also deliberation, decision, sentence."

In Media
In the manga JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, Stardust Crusaders characters' powers (also known as 'Stands') are named after tarot cards. The Judgement 'stand' belongs to Cameo, a minor antagonist.

In the game Helltaker, the final demon girl the Helltaker finds is Judgement, titled "The High Prosecutor".

In The House of the Dead, each of its bosses in the mainline series are named after the Major Arcana Tarot Cards (excluding The Devil.) The first boss in its second installment (Type-28) is named after the Judgement card.

In the Persona video game series, many characters (or groups of characters) are associated with each of the Major Arcana. In Revelations: Persona Eriko Kirishima represents the Judgement Arcana, while in Persona 5 it is represented by Sae Niijima (as a 'Confidant'). In Persona 3 and Persona 4, the 'Social Links' of the Nyx Annihilation Team and Seekers of Truth (both representing the entire main teams as a whole) respectively represent the Judgement tarot. Many 'Personas' the player can obtain in the series also can be of this arcana.

title: Judgement (tarot card)


text:
Juscelino Kubitschek bridge

Juscelino Kubitschek Bridge (Ponte Juscelino Kubitschek), commonly called Ponte JK (JK Bridge), is a steel and concrete arch bridge across Lake Paranoá in Brasília, Brazil. It connects the eastern shore of the lake – where Lago Sul, Paranoá and Brasília International Airport are located – to Brasília's city center, via the Monumental Axis. Opened to traffic on December 15, 2002, its distinctive silhouette quickly became a Brasília landmark.

The bridge is named after President Juscelino Kubitschek, who served from 1956 to 1961 and is generally considered the main political figure to have supported the construction of the planned city of Brasília. It was designed by architect Alexandre Chan and structural engineer Mário Vila Verde.

Description
The bridge structure is 1200 m long, 24 m wide and has two three-lane carriageways in each direction and walkways fitted with guard-rails on either for cyclists and pedestrians, each 1.5 m wide, and three 240 m spans.

The main span structure has four supporting pillars standing on the Lake Paranoá lakebed; and the deck weight is supported by three 200 ft asymmetrical steel arches that crisscross diagonally.

The decks are suspended by steel cables alternating at each side of the deck, interlacing in a twisted plane. The entire structure has a total length of 1200 m, and was completed at a cost of US$56.8 million.

Awards
Alexandre Chan received the Gustav Lindenthal Medal for the bridge's project at the 2003 International Bridge Conference in Pittsburgh. This medal is awarded "for a single, recent outstanding achievement showing harmony with the environment, aesthetic merit and successful community participation".

The bridge was also awarded the 2003 Premio Abcem (ABCEM Award) for "Best Steel Work of the Year, Bridges and Highway Overpasses Category", granted by the Brazilian Metal Construction Association (Associação Brasileira da Construção Metálica, ABCEM).

In Popular Culture
The bridge makes an appearance in the 2014 animated film Rio 2. Where the main characters, Blu (Jesse Eisenberg) and Jewel (Anne Hathaway) are moving to the Amazon rainforest, their route cuts through Brasília and are nearly killed when a truck on the bridge almost hits them.

title: Juscelino Kubitschek bridge


text: User talk:210.6.198.233

title: User talk:210.6.198.233


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Michel rodange

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. — Xezbeth 19:55, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)

Michel rodange
No proof of notability. Johntex 17:03, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC) Keep OK, you convinced me I was too quick on the draw on this one. As the nominee and formerly the only "Delete" vote, I am removing the VFD notice and I'll help you improve the article instead. Thanks. Johntex 19:14, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The article was badly written when nominated, but a quick Google finds that there was an author by that name, and that Luxembourg even issued at least two commemorative stamps (1972 and 2001) and have named a school after him. Author of a famous Luxembourg poem (well, famous in Luxembourg, anyway)Average Earthman 17:54, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Or rather, move to Michel Rodange and keep. Which I've done. Average Earthman 17:56, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * And, er.. probably shouldn't have. Oops (how many times have I seen the VfD notice without reading 'please do not move this article'?). Average Earthman 17:59, 18 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: User talk:66.17.208.207

title: User talk:66.17.208.207


text: User talk:151.198.99.71

title: User talk:151.198.99.71


text:
Blue Nile Falls

The Blue Nile Falls is a waterfall on the Blue Nile river in West Gojjam, Amhara Region, Ethiopia. It is known as Tis Abay in Amharic, meaning 'great smoke'. It is situated on the upper course of the river, about 30 km downstream from the town of Bahir Dar and Lake Tana. The falls are one of Ethiopia's best-known tourist attractions.

The falls are 42 m high, consisting of four streams that vary from a trickle in the dry season to over 400 meters wide in the rainy season. Regulation of Lake Tana now reduces the variation somewhat, and since 2003 a hydro-electric station has taken much of the flow out of the falls except during the rainy season. The Blue Nile Falls isolate the ecology of Lake Tana from the ecology of the rest of the Nile, and this isolation has played a role in the evolution of the endemic fauna of the lake.

A short distance downstream from the falls sits the first stone bridge constructed in Ethiopia, built at the command of Emperor Susenyos in 1626. According to Manuel de Almeida, stone for making lime had been found nearby along the Blue Nile tributary Alata, and a craftsman who had come from India with Afonso Mendes, the Catholic Patriarch of Ethiopia, supervised the construction.

title: Blue Nile Falls


text:
Matlock Bath railway station

Matlock Bath railway station is a Grade II listed railway station owned by Network Rail and managed by East Midlands Railway. It is located in the village of Matlock Bath in Derbyshire, England. The station is unmanned by rail staff and is located on the Derwent Valley Line, 16.25 mi north of Derby towards Matlock.

History
Opened by the Manchester, Buxton, Matlock and Midland Junction Railway on 4 June 1849, the station closed on 6 March 1967, and reopened on 27 May 1972.

In recent times the usage of the station has increased; for example in the year 1 April 2009 to 31 March 2010 journeys increased by 62%.

The station buildings have an unusual 'chalet' style, inspired by the romantic notion at the time that the resort was England's Little Switzerland. The Heights of Abraham cable car runs from near the station up to the Heights of Abraham visitor attraction.

The station buildings have been occupied by Derbyshire Wildlife Trust since the 1980s and were restored in period-style and opened as a cafe/visitor centre in 2019 after a grant from the National Lottery Heritage Fund, with additional support from Derbyshire Dales and Derbyshire County councils, and other donations.

Stationmasters

 * David Ritchie ca. 1849 ca. 1853
 * Robert Skirrow ca. 1857 - 1860
 * W. Jordan 1860 - 1861
 * William Rich 1861 - ca. 1864
 * Charles Ward ca. 1870 - 1885
 * William Richardson 1885 - 1898 (afterwards station master at Buxton)
 * Albert C. Bilham 1898 - 1907 (formerly station master at Bakewell)
 * Frank Porter 1907 - ???? (formerly station master at Bakewell)
 * Henry Lovatt ca. 1911 - 1914
 * John Allen 1914 - 1923
 * William Edward Parsons 1923 - 1931 (formerly station master at Duffield)
 * George White 1931 - 1947
 * William Rosling 1947 - 1968

Services
All services at Matlock Bath are operated by East Midlands Railway using DMUs.

The typical off-peak service is one train per hour in each direction between Matlock and Nottingham via Derby.

On Sundays, the station is served by one train every two hours in each direction in the morning, increasing to hourly in the afternoon.

Public safety issues
In October 2015 Network Rail released CCTV footage showing members of the public taking selfie photographs on the main crossing over the tracks at the station. Network Rail issued a safety warning asserting the railways were not for taking photographs on and that trains can appear without warning. Network Rail said it was releasing the footage to highlight the dangerous practices, particularly involving children on the railway line. The crossing has since been closed to the public.

title: Matlock Bath railway station


text:
Gary Smith (record producer)

Gary Smith (March 28, 1958 - January 16, 2023) was an American businessman, record producer, and artist's manager, known for his work recording albums by alternative rock musicians since the mid-1980s at Fort Apache Studios. Smith, who was sole owner of the studio, first became a partner co-owning the studio business in the late 1980s, moving it from Cambridge, Massachusetts, to Bellows Falls, Vermont, in 2002.

A Rhode Island native, Smith gave supportive early guidance to Newport, Rhode Island's Throwing Muses group, advising them to move to Boston's burgeoning alternative music scene in 1986. That year he saw a new band called the Pixies opening for Throwing Muses at The Rat in Boston and convinced them to let him produce their first demos, known as The Purple Tape, in spring 1987 at an early incarnation of Fort Apache's studio digs, then a "ramshackle" building in a dangerous neighborhood. Since joining Fort Apache in the mid-1980s, Smith produced dozens of influential recordings, including the Pixies' Come On Pilgrim EP on the 4AD and Rough Trade Records labels. Other artists he produced include Throwing Muses, Tanya Donelly, Blake Babies, The Connells, Juliana Hatfield, Scrawl, 10,000 Maniacs, and Billy Bragg.

Smith resided in New Hampshire across the border from his Vermont studio. There, Smith founded WOOL-FM, a community radio station, launched a regional events magazine, opened Popolo, an Italian-inspired, farm-to-table restaurant, and worked as an manager, representing talent such as Tanya Donelly and Natalie Merchant.

Having battled cancer since September 2022, Smith died in January 16, 2023.

Production discography

 * Pixies - Come On Pilgrim (September 1987)
 * Throwing Muses - House Tornado (March 1988)
 * Throwing Muses - Hunkpapa (January 1989)
 * Blake Babies - Earwig (1989)
 * The Connells - Fun & Games (1990)
 * The Chills - Submarine Bells (1990)
 * Blake Babies - Sunburn (1990)
 * Blake Babies - Rosy Jack World EP (1991)
 * The Feelies - Time for a Witness (March 1991)
 * Juliana Hatfield - Hey Babe (March 1992)

title: Gary Smith (record producer)


text: User talk:209.158.180.207

title: User talk:209.158.180.207


text:
Karijotas

Karijotas or Koriat (baptized Michal; died between 1358 and 1363) was the Duke of Navahrudak (Naugardukas) and Vaŭkavysk (Valkaviskas), one of the sons of Gediminas, Grand Duke of Lithuania.

According to Polish historian Jan Tęgowski, he was born probably between 1305 and 1308. He was baptized before 1349.

In 1349 Algirdas sent him along with two sons, Aikštas or Eikšis from Eišiškės and Simeon from Svislach, to Jani Beg, Khan of the Golden Horde, to negotiate an alliance against the Teutonic Knights and rising Grand Duchy of Moscow. However, Jani Beg handed Karijotas over to Simeon of Russia for a ransom.

Family
It is unclear how many children Karijotas had. The number varies between 4 and 10. Reliable data is available about four: Aleksander, George, Konstantin, and Fedir, who helped Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, to defeat the Tatars in the Battle of Blue Waters in 1363. In return, they received Podolia. Aleksander (died ca. 1380) was involved in the Galicia–Volhynia Wars between his uncle Liubartas and Casimir III of Poland. In 1366 Aleksander received Volodymyr-Volynskyi from Casimir for his service against his uncle. Only four years later, after Casimir's death, Liubartas recaptured the city. George (died in 1375 in Moldavia) at first assisted Aleksander, but was poisoned soon after accepting an invitation to become the ruler of Moldavia. Kostantin, after the Union of Krewo in 1385, moved to Hungary and died there ca. 1389. Fedir (died in 1414) inherited Navahrudak from his father and after other brothers were dead ca. 1389, became ruler of all Podolia. In 1392 he disobeyed Vytautas the Great and had to run to Hungary, where he ruled Mukachevo and built Palanok Castle. Dmitri Bobrok is also frequently listed as one of Koriat's sons.

title: Karijotas