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KDFW

KDFW (channel 4) is a television station licensed to Dallas, Texas, United States, serving as the Fox network outlet for the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. It is owned and operated by the network's Fox Television Stations division alongside MyNetworkTV station KDFI (channel 27, also licensed to Dallas). The two stations share studios on North Griffin Street in downtown Dallas; KDFW's transmitter is located in Cedar Hill, Texas.

Times-Herald ownership
On August 20, 1945, the KRLD Radio Corp.—a subsidiary of the now-defunct Dallas Times Herald newspaper, which was headed at the time by Times Herald Printing Co. president Tom C. Gooch—filed an application with the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for a license and construction permit to operate a commercial television station on VHF channel 2. On August 22, 1946, one year and two days after it filed for the broadcast license, KRLD Radio Corp. amended its application to instead seek assignment on VHF channel 4. (The VHF channel 2 allocation was later reassigned to Denton as part of the FCC's "Sixth Report and Order" in November 1951; it would eventually be assigned to North Texas Public Broadcasting, which signed on KDTN—now a Daystar owned-and-operated station—over that allocation on September 1, 1988.) The FCC Broadcast Bureau granted the license to the Times Herald on September 13, 1946.

The newspaper chose to assign KRLD-TV for use as the television station's call letters; the base KRLD callsign had been used by the Times Herald-owned radio station on 1080 AM – a combined reference to both Edwin J. Kiest, an original investor and one-time owner of the Times Herald, and KRLD (AM), and the radio station's founding owner, Radio Laboratories of Dallas (which changed its name from Dallas Radio Laboratories as it sought the radio permit upon discovering that the KDRL calls had already been assigned for maritime use) – since it signed on its original 1040 AM frequency in October 1926, and applied to its FM sister on 92.5 (now KZPS) upon its March 1948 sign-on.

The station began test broadcasts on November 21, 1949. Channel 4 officially signed on the air, as KRLD-TV, two weeks later on December 3, 1949, at 12:30 pm, with a short inaugural program featuring speeches from Gooch and KRLD-AM-TV managing director Clyde Rembert dedicating the station's launch, followed by a broadcast of the CBS game show It Pays to Be Ignorant. The first local program aired on the station that day was a college football game in which the Notre Dame Fighting Irish defeated the Southern Methodist Mustangs, 27–20. (The station was originally scheduled to debut on October 1, later pushed back to November 15.)   KRLD-TV was the third television station to sign on in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, following Dallas-based KBTV (channel 8, now WFAA) and Fort Worth-licensed WBAP-TV (channel 5, now KXAS-TV), all signing on within a 15-month timeframe. It was also the fourth Texas-based television station to be granted a license by the FCC (along with WBAP-TV, KBTV and Houston's KLEE-TV [now KPRC-TV ] ).

Channel 4 originally carried programming from CBS, an affiliation that KRLD-TV inherited through the CBS Radio Network's longtime relationship with KRLD (AM), which became the first radio station in Texas to affiliate with the television network's radio predecessor in 1927 (when the station was transmitting at 1040 AM); it was the first Metroplex-area television station to have maintained a singular network affiliation from its sign-on. The station originally broadcast for 4½ hours each weekday (from 7:30 a.m. to noon) and for four hours per day (from noon to 5 pm) on Saturdays and Saturdays. Among the local programs on channel 4 in its early years included ''O.Kay! Mr. Munn (hosted by an artist drawing visual interpretations of various song lyrics, predating the advent of the music video) and Confessions'' (a series featuring interviews with incarcerated criminals from the Dallas County Jail revealing why they committed the crimes they were convicted of).

The station initially operated from studio facilities located inside the Adolphus Hotel (between Commerce and Main Streets, north of the Times Herald Building) in downtown Dallas. The building—which also housed KRLD radio's facilities at the time—was used on a temporary basis until a permanent broadcast facility then under construction within the Times Herald's Herald Square building (at 1101 Patterson Street, which has since been demolished and converted into a parking lot) was completed. The tower that transmitted its signal (supporting microwave and remote antennas) was also based on the studio grounds. The station's 586 ft transmission tower was located on Griffin Street and San Jacinto Avenue; at the time it was incorrectly designated as the tallest free-standing television transmission tower in the world. While it was among the tallest, taller TV towers had already been erected in Columbus, Ohio; Buffalo, New York and St. Paul, Minnesota. Nonetheless, the tower provided a signal that spanned approximately 90 mi from the site. By 1954, KRLD-TV expanded its broadcast day to an 18-hour daily schedule (running from 6 a.m. to midnight). In May 1955, the station began construction of a new 1521 ft-tall tower in Cedar Hill. At the time of its completion in October 1955, the structure was considered to be the tallest television broadcast tower in the world (once KRLD-TV moved its transmitter to the Cedar Hill tower in early 1956, the original Griffin Street transmitter remained in use as an auxiliary facility until it was disassembled in 1984; the antenna on which it was installed was torn down in 1995, to reduce the load on the tower).

KRLD-TV served as the home base for CBS' network coverage of the assassination of President John F. Kennedy on November 22, 1963, when suspect Lee Harvey Oswald (from an upper-floor window at the Texas School Book Depository) shot his rifle at sniper range at the Presidential motorcade carrying Kennedy and Texas Governor John Connally as it had turned onto Elm Street. Eddie Barker, who was KRLD-TV's news director at the time and had been with the station since it signed on fourteen years earlier as one of the original members of its news department staff, was the first person to announce Kennedy's death on television, relaying a message from an official at Parkland Hospital that Kennedy had succumbed from the gunshot wound as doctors conducted emergency surgery. Because of a local press pool arrangement that was put in place that morning to cover Kennedy's speech at the Trade Mart downtown, Barker's scoop appeared live simultaneously on CBS, which had sent correspondent Dan Rather to report from Dealey Plaza, and ABC. Two days later, a KRLD-TV field crew captured footage of Oswald's assassination by nightclub owner Jack Ruby as officers were transferring the former in handcuffs out of the Dallas Police Department's downtown precinct.

CBS also maintained an arrangement with Channel 4 to use the station's remote unit to transmit live programming broadcast by the network during the 1960s and 1970s; in particular, the remote transmission truck was used to relay color broadcasts of CBS' NFL and college football game telecasts held in Texas. In 1964, KRLD-TV moved its operations from the Times Herald's Patterson Street offices into the station's current, purpose-built studio facility at 400 North Griffin Street (across the street from the former building, at the intersection of Griffin and San Jacinto). In 1968, the station's Cedar Hill transmitter site was struck by a helicopter, causing substantial damage to the tower.

Times Mirror and Argyle ownership
On September 22, 1969, the Los Angeles-based Times Mirror Company announced it would purchase the Times Herald and the KRLD radio and television from the Times Herald Printing Co. for $91 million in cash and stock. Although recently implemented FCC cross-ownership rules prohibited media companies from owning newspapers and full-power broadcast television and radio outlets in the same market, Times Mirror received approval to maintain the existing combination of the Times Herald and KRLD-TV under a cross-ownership waiver. However, to comply with FCC rules of the time that prohibited a single company from owning full-power broadcast television and radio outlets in the same market, Times Mirror sold KRLD-AM-FM to KRLD Corp. (owned principally by Philip R. Jonsson, Kenneth A. Jonsson and George V. Charlton, the sons and daughter of Dallas mayor and former Texas Instruments chairman J. Erik Jonsson) for $6.75 million. The transaction was approved by the FCC on May 15, 1970, and was finalized 1½ months later on July 1. The purchase marked Times Mirror's re-entry into broadcasting (it owned KTTV in Los Angeles, a present-day sister station of KDFW, from its sign-on in 1949 until 1963, when it sold that station to Metromedia for $10.5 million in cash and promissory notes), resulting in the creation of Times Mirror Broadcasting.

To comply with an FCC rule in effect at the time that prohibited separately owned radio and television stations in the same market from sharing the same base call letters, as KRLD Corp. was allowed to keep the KRLD call letters for its new radio properties, the station's call letters were changed to KDFW-TV – in partial reference to its service area of Dallas and Fort Worth – on July 2. (The "-TV" suffix was dropped from the KDFW callsign in July 1998; the KRLD-TV calls were later used by present-day CW affiliate KDAF [channel 33] from 1984 to 1986, when Metromedia co-owned that station and KRLD radio, the latter of which was also co-owned with present-day CBS owned-and-operated station KTVT [channel 11] from 1999 until CBS Corporation sold its radio division to Entercom in 2017.) In June 1986, the Times Mirror Company sold the Times Herald to Woodbury, New Jersey-based MediaNews Group for $110 million in cash and notes; Times Mirror retained ownership of KDFW, leaving the station as its sole remaining media property in the Metroplex. (The newspaper would cease publication five years later in December 1991, after it was purchased by the A.H. Belo Corporation, owners of rival newspaper The Dallas Morning News, for $55 million.)

A helicopter-tower collision similar to the one that occurred 19 years earlier happened on January 14, 1987, when KDFW's Cedar Hill broadcast tower (which was jointly owned by KDFW and WFAA, via the Hill Tower, Inc. consortium involving their respective corporate parents) was hit by a Navy F-4 Phantom that was performing training exercises as it was on approach to the Dallas Naval Air Station, clipping several guy-wires. The jet's two occupants survived as they had ejected themselves from the aircraft and parachuted to the ground before it crashed. (KDFW, KXAS and WFAA did not have their transmissions affected by the accident, although radio stations KZEW [97.9 FM, now KBFB] and KSCS [96.3 FM] were knocked off the air and temporarily broadcast at reduced power from another tower as a result.) In 1989, KDFW relocated its transmitter onto a new 1400 ft-tall tower constructed at the junction of Belt Line and Mansfield Roads in Cedar Hill, 1/4 mi to the southwest. (The former tower – which had its height reduced to 1240 ft due to the removal of the candelabra mast that encompassed the upper 281 ft of the structure – was converted into an auxiliary transmitter facility for KDFW, WFAA and radio stations KJMZ [100.3 FM, now KJKK], KMEZ [107.5 FM, now KMVK], KQZY [105.3 FM, now KRLD-FM], KKDA-FM [104.5] and KMGC [102.9 FM, now KDMX].)

In a move by the company to concentrate on its newspapers and cable television system franchises, on March 29, 1993, Times-Mirror announced it would sell KDFW-TV and its three sister stations – fellow CBS affiliate KTBC (now a Fox owned-and-operated station) in Austin, ABC affiliate KTVI (now a Fox affiliate) in St. Louis and NBC affiliate WVTM-TV in Birmingham — to San Antonio-based Argyle Television Holdings for $335 million in cash and securities. Under the transaction's two-part purchase option structure, Argyle acquired WVTM and KTVI from Times Mirror in an initial transactional (for $45 million and $35 million, respectively), and subsequently acquired KDFW and KTBC in a secondary transaction following FCC approval of their license renewals. The purchase of KDFW and KTBC was finalized on January 3, 1994.

In February 1994, Argyle Television took over management responsibilities for struggling independent station KDFI (channel 27, now a MyNetworkTV owned-and-operated station) under a local marketing agreement with its then-owner, Richardson-based Dallas Media Investors Corporation. The agreement – which resulted in KDFI integrating its operations into KDFW's downtown studios on North Griffin Street – allowed KDFW to provide advertising, promotional and master control services for KDFI, while Dallas Media Investors (which was owned by former KDFW station manager John McKay) would retain responsibilities over channel 27's programming and production services. Through the consolidation of that station's operations with Channel 4, KDFI began airing late-night rebroadcasts of KDFW's 10 p.m. newscast each weeknight as well as select syndicated programs seen on that station; during the first months of the LMA, KDFW also produced a daily 30-minute wrap-up of the proceedings in the O. J. Simpson murder case for KDFI—which aired in place of the 10 p.m. news rebroadcast—during the summer and fall of 1994.

New World Communications ownership
On May 23, 1994, in an overall deal in which network parent News Corporation also acquired a 20% equity interest in the company, Atlanta-based New World Communications signed a long-term affiliation agreement with the Fox Broadcasting Company. Under the initial agreement, nine television stations affiliated with either CBS, ABC or NBC—five of the seven that New World acquired through its 1992 purchase of SCI Television, and four others that it acquired on May 5 from Great American Communications (in a separate deal for $350 million in cash and $10 million in share warrants)—would become Fox affiliates once their existing respective affiliation contracts expired. The deal was part of a strategy by Fox to strengthen its affiliate portfolio after the National Football League (NFL) accepted the network's $1.58 billion bid for the television rights to the National Football Conference (NFC), a four-year contract that began with the 1994 NFL season, on December 18, 1993. At the time, Fox's stations were mostly UHF outlets that had limited to no prior history as major network affiliates; among them was its existing Dallas outlet KDAF, which News Corporation purchased through its May 1985 merger with Metromedia and was among Fox's original group of six owned-and-operated stations when the network launched in October 1986.

On May 26, New World bought the four Argyle Television stations for $717 million (including approximately $280 million in debt), in a purchase option-structured deal. Under the terms, New World included KDFW, KTBC and KTVI in the group's affiliation agreement with Fox (WVTM, now owned by Hearst Television, remained an NBC affiliate as New World chose to transfer Birmingham ABC affiliate WBRC into a trust company for later sale to Fox Television Stations—an arrangement that was part of a deal also involving ABC affiliate WGHP in High Point, North Carolina, to comply with FCC restrictions at the time that prohibited broadcasting companies from owning more than twelve television stations nationwide and, in the case of Birmingham, barred television station duopolies—and was subsequently sold to NBC before being purchased by Media General in 2006). Although the network already owned KDAF, Fox sought the opportunity to align with KDFW because of its stronger market position (the station placed second, behind WFAA, in total day and news viewership at the time) and its operation of a news department; as a result, Fox Television Stations decided to sell KDAF, which would ultimately trade it to Renaissance Broadcasting in exchange for existing Fox affiliate KDVR in Denver.

CBS had a thirteen-month leeway to find a new Dallas–Fort Worth affiliate, as its contract with KDFW did not expire until July 1, 1995; the affiliation contracts for KTBC and KTVI expired around the same time, giving the networks that were already affiliated with the three former Argyle stations slated to switch to Fox a longer grace period to find new affiliates than CBS, NBC and/or ABC were given in most of the other markets affected by the Fox-New World deal (ABC's affiliation contracts with WGHP and WBRC ended even later, respectively expiring in September 1995 and September 1996). CBS first approached longtime NBC affiliate KXAS-TV about negotiating an affiliation deal, ultimately to be turned down by its then-owner LIN Broadcasting, which subsequently signed a long-term affiliation deal renewing its contract with KXAS and its NBC-affiliated sister stations in Austin, Norfolk and Grand Rapids; WFAA was eliminated as an option as ABC reached a new long-term agreement with then-owner of the station, Belo, to extend affiliation contracts for WFAA and other Belo-owned stations that were affiliated with the network; that deal resulted in the company's station in Sacramento switching its affiliation from CBS to ABC in March 1995.

This left independent station KTVT as CBS' only viable option among the Metroplex's VHF television stations, particularly as it was the only other English language station in the market that had a news department. (At the time, KTVT had been producing a prime time newscast—originally airing at 7 pm, before being shifted to 9 p.m. in January 1991 to reduce preemptions caused by the station's sports telecasts—since August 1990; however, the station had been producing short- and/or long-form newscasts in various formats since 1960.) On September 14, 1994, Gaylord Broadcasting reached an agreement to affiliate KTVT with CBS, in exchange for also switching its sister independent station in Tacoma, Washington, KSTW, to the network. (WB network majority owner Time Warner would later file an injunction attempting to dissolve a previous agreement with Gaylord to turn KTVT, KSTW and KHTV in Houston [now CW affiliate KIAH, which became a sister station to KDAF when Tribune Broadcasting acquired the latter from Renaissance in 1996] into charter affiliates of The WB at that network's launch in January 1995.) New World took over the operations of the Argyle stations through time brokerage agreements on January 19, 1995; the group's purchase of the four Argyle stations received approval on April 14, 1995, and was finalized four days later on April 18. The last CBS network program to air on KDFW was a repeat of Walker, Texas Ranger at 9 p.m. Central Time on July 1; this led into a message by then-station president and general manager David Whitaker shortly before the start of its late-evening newscast (which was renamed from News 4 Texas Nightbeat to News 4 Texas at 10:00 that evening, with the implementation of a new graphics package centered partly on imagery of the Texas state flag), informing viewers about the pending network changes.

KDFW switched to Fox on July 2, 1995, ending its relationship with CBS after 45½ years; with Fox switching from UHF to VHF, Dallas–Fort Worth became one of a handful of markets where all of the "Big Four" networks maintained affiliations with VHF stations (along with New York City, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Washington, D.C., Seattle, Tucson, Miami, Salt Lake City, Las Vegas, Albuquerque, Honolulu, Boise and Anchorage; Reno joined this distinction in 1996, followed by Portland and Minneapolis–St. Paul in 2002; in both Boise and Honolulu, the Fox affiliation switched from one VHF station to another). The remainder of CBS' programming moved on that date to KTVT, which consequently ceased distribution as a regional superstation on cable and satellite providers outside of its viewing area, as many of the markets where a pay television provider carried KTVT already had access to local or out-of-market CBS affiliates (KTBC joined Fox the same day, while KTVI followed suit on August 7). On that date, KDAF – whose sale to Renaissance Broadcasting was finalized the following day on July 3—became an affiliate of The WB; Christian Broadcasting Network-owned KXTX-TV (channel 39, now a Telemundo owned-and-operated station), which reverted into an independent station, served as the market's original WB outlet during the network's first six months of operation under a temporary arrangement until it could affiliate with KDAF when Fox moved to channel 4.

KDFW rebranded as "Fox 4 Texas" upon the affiliation switch, but with references to the Fox logo and name limited in most on-air imaging; although as with most of the other New World-owned stations affected by the agreement with Fox, channel 4 retained the news branding it had been using before it joined the network—in its case, News 4 Texas, which the station adopted in November 1990 as a CBS affiliate. (Even before the switch to Fox, the "4 Texas" motif was adopted as a universal brand, extending to weather and sports content produced by KDFW's news department, titled respectively as Weather 4 Texas and Sports 4 Texas.) In addition to expanding its local news programming at the time it joined Fox, the station replaced CBS daytime and late night programs that migrated to KTVT with an expanded slate of syndicated talk shows as well as some documentary-based reality series, and also acquired some movies and off-network drama series for broadcast on weekends; however, unusual for a Fox affiliate, the revamped programming schedule did not include sitcoms and, like New World's other Fox stations, ran children's programs only on weekend mornings.

Fox Television Stations ownership
On July 17, 1996, News Corporation—which separated most of its entertainment holdings into 21st Century Fox in July 2013—announced that it would acquire New World in an all-stock transaction worth $2.48 billion; the merger deal also included rights to the LMA with KDFI. The purchase by News Corporation was finalized on January 22, 1997, folding New World's ten Fox affiliates into the former's Fox Television Stations subsidiary and making all twelve stations affected by the 1994 agreement owned-and-operated stations of the network. (The New World Communications name continues in use as a licensing purpose corporation—as "New World Communications of [state/city], Inc." or "NW Communications of [state/city], Inc."—for KDFW and its sister stations under Fox ownership, extending, from 2009 to 2011, to the former New World stations that Fox sold to Local TV in 2007.) At that time, Channel 4 became the second English language network-owned commercial station in the Dallas–Fort Worth market (Viacom, then-owner of that network's Dallas station KTXA [channel 21, now an independent station], acquired part-ownership of UPN in 1996). It was also one of two stations that switched to Fox under the New World agreement that replaced an existing Fox O&O, only to later be sold to the network itself (in Atlanta, sister station WAGA had earlier replaced WATL as that market's Fox station in December 1994), making Dallas one of a handful of markets more than one station has served as an O&O of the same network. In November 1996, two months before the completion of the Fox–New World merger and at a time when other network-owned stations around the United States began adopting similar network-driven branding, KDFW-TV shortened its branding from "Fox 4 Texas" to simply "Fox 4" under the network's branding conventions (with its newscasts concurrently rebranding as Fox 4 News, and its weather and sports segments rebranded as Fox 4 Weather and Fox 4 Sports, respectively).

In April 1998, when NBC affiliate KTEN (which added an additional primary affiliation with Fox in September 1994, partly to carry its NFL telecasts) began terminating its affiliations with Fox and ABC, KDFW began serving as a default Fox station for portions of the adjacent Sherman-Ada market located south of the Oklahoma-Texas state line (including Gainesville, Durant and Hugo) through its availability on area cable providers (cable subscribers residing on the Oklahoma side of the market primarily received Fox network programs via KOKH-TV in Oklahoma City). Because the market lacked enough commercial television stations to allow the network to maintain an exclusive affiliation, Fox would not regain an affiliate within the market until CBS affiliate KXII launched a Fox-affiliated digital subchannel in September 2006.

In an effort to expand beyond the talk and court shows that KDFW had based its syndicated programming slate around since the July 1995 switch, the station added a few off-network sitcoms between the late 1990s and the mid-2000s—such as Seinfeld (which later moved to KDAF), King of the Hill (which later moved to KTXA), 3rd Rock From the Sun and Malcolm in the Middle—mainly as part of its late-night schedule. After sister station KDFI assumed rights to most of the sitcoms KDFW had previously aired in the 2008–09 season, no off-network comedies aired on KDFW's schedule (a rarity for a Fox station) until September 2013, when the station began airing reruns of Modern Family. In December 1999, Fox Television Stations purchased KDFI from Dallas Media Investors for $6.2 million, creating a legal duopoly with KDFW; as a result, the combination became the first television duopoly in the Metroplex and the first duopoly that Fox operated (predating the group's acquisition of Chris-Craft/United Television's UPN-affiliated stations later that year).

On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company, owner of WFAA's affiliated network ABC, announced its intent to buy KDFW's parent company, 21st Century Fox, for $66.1 billion; the sale, which closed on March 20, 2019, excluded KDFW and sister station KDFI as well as the Fox network, the MyNetworkTV programming service, Fox News, Fox Sports 1 and the Fox Television Stations unit, which were all transferred to the newly formed Fox Corporation.

On September 5, 2018, a 34-year-old Michael Chadwick Fry crashed a silver Dodge Ram into KDFW–KDFI's Griffin Street studios around 6:12 am, while KDFW was broadcasting that morning's edition of Good Day. (News and production employees conducting the morning newscast said that they did hear the crash.) After twice ramming the truck into the building, Fry exited the truck, shattered a window pane in the building and entered into a rant about treason; he also placed numerous boxes filled with stacks of paper containing rambling notes next to a side door of the building, many of which were also strewn across the sidewalk and street adjacent to the building. The Dallas police temporarily evacuated most KDFW/KDFI employees – except for some who were placed in a secure part of the building to allow KDFW to provide coverage of the story – upon the discovery of a suspicious bag that was left behind, prompting bomb squad crews to investigate. Dallas police spokeswoman Senior Corporal Debra Webb said Fry's actions appeared not to be connected to any animosity toward the media, noting that he was apparently upset over a 2012 officer-involved shooting in a neighboring county (he was noted to have referenced the Denton County Sheriff's Department). Fry (whose criminal record includes arrests for assault, disorderly conduct, public intoxication and burglary) was taken to a hospital for a medical evaluation – police reported that he was in an agitated mental state and indicated "people were trying to kill him" – and subsequently was transferred to the Denton County Jail on a criminal mischief charge.

Programming
As with most of its sister stations under its former New World ownership (with the subverted exception of former sister station KTVI in St. Louis, which assumed rights to the network's children's programs in 1996 and carried the blocks until Fox stopped providing them within its schedule), Channel 4 declined carriage of the children's programming blocks that Fox carried prior to 2008, only having aired fall preview specials and network promotions for those blocks that aired within Fox's prime time lineup during that twelve-year period.

KDFW opted not to run the Fox Kids weekday and Saturday blocks when it affiliated with the network, airing children's programs acquired via syndication on weekend mornings instead (the pre-emptions of Fox Kids by the New World stations led the network to change its carriage policies to allow Fox stations uninterested in carrying the block the right of first refusal to transfer the local rights to another station; by 2001, affiliates were no longer required to run the Fox Kids lineup even if Fox had not secured a substitute carrier). Fox Kids remained on KDAF after it became a WB affiliate in July 1995, before moving to KDFI in September 1997, where it and successor FoxBox/4Kids TV aired until Fox ceased supplying children's programming within its schedule on December 28, 2008; the paid programming block that replaced 4Kids TV, Weekend Marketplace, has aired on KDFI since then. Xploration Station, a live-action educational program block distributed by Steve Rotfeld Productions that is syndicated primarily to Fox stations (including those owned by Fox Television Stations), was similarly passed over to KDFI when that block debuted on September 13, 2014.

In September 1994, KDFW began preempting The Price Is Right and The Bold and the Beautiful, respectively replacing them with Donahue and the (short-lived) syndicated reality/court show Juvenile Justice in the respective network-designated time slots of the former two programs; KTVT began carrying the two CBS Daytime programs on a regular basis and also cleared select CBS prime time programs that channel 4 preempted to run locally produced specials.

In September 1972, the station premiered 4 Country Reporter, a weekly program hosted by Bob Phillips focusing on feature stories about noted points of interest and interesting people from around the state of Texas. After Phillips left KDFW in 1986, he bought the rights to the concept and began selling the show in regional syndication, accordingly retitling it as Texas Country Reporter; the program now airs on stations in all of Texas' 22 television markets, and nationally on cable and satellite on RFD-TV. KDFW did not acquire the local rights to the syndicated version, which was instead carried by rival ABC affiliate WFAA (under the title 8 Country Reporter). KDFW broadcast Dr. Red Duke's syndicated medical reports to viewers in North Texas throughout much of the 1980s and 1990s.

Sports programming
KDFW began serving as the primary television station for the Dallas Cowboys as a CBS affiliate in 1960 upon the team's enfranchisement, through CBS' television rights to the pre-AFL merger National Football League. The station carried most regional or national Cowboys game telecasts aired by CBS, including the team's victories in Super Bowl VI and Super Bowl XII, (after 1970, the only games channel 4 did not air were home interconference contests) until its contractual rights to the National Football Conference concluded in 1993. To date, the one-year interruption in game coverage after that season, due to the transfer of NFC telecast rights from CBS to Fox, is the only break in network coverage of the team by the station since 1962; for the 1994 season, most of the team's over-the-air game telecasts aired instead on lame-duck Fox O&O KDAF. Channel 4 resumed its status as the Cowboys' primary local broadcaster two months after it joined Fox, in September 1995; incidentally, that year's NFL season saw the Cowboys compete in Super Bowl XXX (which aired locally on NBC affiliate KXAS-TV), in which they defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers, 27–17, to win the championship title. KDFW also provided local coverage of Super Bowl XLV which took place at AT&T Stadium. KDFW also airs the Cowboys' Thanksgiving Day home contests (as part of Fox's national coverage) in even-numbered seasons.

Unlike in most other NFC markets with a Fox owned-and-operated station in which the station maintains such an arrangement with a local NFL franchise, KDFW does not carry any team-produced analysis or magazine programming; channel 4 held the local rights to air various team-related programs and specials during the regular season until 1998, when the local rights to these programs migrated to KTVT under a programming agreement reached between that station and the Cowboys earlier that year, in advance of CBS's assumption of the broadcast rights to the rival American Football Conference (AFC). The KTVT arrangement exists even though, as a CBS station, its telecasts of Cowboys regular season games are limited to those involving an AFC opponent or, since 2014, cross-flexed games declined by Fox that involve opponents in the NFC.

Since Fox obtained the partial (now exclusive) over-the-air network television rights to the league in 1996, KDFW has carried certain Major League Baseball (MLB) games featuring the Texas Rangers that have been regionally televised (and, since 2013, select national telecasts scheduled during prime time) by the network during the league's regular season and postseason, including the team's first-ever World Series win in 2023 and appearances in 2010 and 2011. It served as the host station for the 2020 World Series, which was played entirely at Globe Life Field. Additionally, from 1998 to 2009, KDFW also served as an alternate carrier of Rangers baseball games produced by co-owned regional sports network Fox Sports Southwest for broadcast on sister station KDFI, which served as the team's official flagship station during that period; KTXA (channel 21) assumed the local over-the-air television rights to the Rangers in 2010.

From 1995 until Fox lost the broadcast television rights to the National Hockey League (NHL) to ABC in 1999, KDFW carried certain regular season and playoff games featuring the Dallas Stars that Fox televised on a regional basis. Notably, in 1999 (Fox's last year with the NHL over-the-air broadcast contract), the station aired the Stars' first Stanley Cup Finals appearance as a Dallas-based franchise (the third overall, counting their 1981 and 1991 appearances that preceded the former Minnesota North Stars' relocation from Minneapolis in 1993), which saw the franchise defeat the Buffalo Sabres to win its first Stanley Cup (as Fox's NHL contract required it to split the Finals coverage rights with the league's cable partner, the decisive Game 6 of that series aired instead on cable through ESPN).

News operation
, KDFW presently broadcasts 57½ hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with 10 hours on weekdays, four hours on Saturdays and 3½ hours on Sundays); in regards to the number of hours devoted to news programming, it is the largest local newscast output among broadcast television stations in the Dallas–Fort Worth market. In addition, KDFW produces the half-hour sports highlight, opinion and interview program Free 4 All, hosted by sports director Mike Doocy and co-host Sam Gannon, which airs Sundays after the 9 p.m. newscast and weeknights after the 10 p.m. newscast. The station's Sunday 5 p.m. newscast is subject to preemption and the Saturday 6 p.m. newscast is subject to delay due to overruns by Fox Sports telecasts.

News department history
Appropriate for a station that was founded by a newspaper, local news has always had a strong presence on Channel 4. For the better part of four decades, it was part of a spirited battle for first place among the market's news-producing stations with KXAS and WFAA. In November 1978, the station hired Clarice Tinsley (who joined KDFW from CBS affiliate and eventual sister station WITI in Milwaukee, which also became a Fox affiliate through the New World deal) to serve as anchor of its 10 p.m. newscast and conduct special assignment reports, the latter of which (through investigative reports and interviews on which she has been assigned) has earned her several journalism awards over her career with the station (including Associated Press, Emmy and Peabody Awards and a duPont-Columbia Citation for Excellence);, she is currently the third longest-tenured overall and the second longest-tenured currently active television news personality in North Texas, and has had the longest tenure of any on-air staff member in KDFW's history (in the former category, Tinsley ranks behind Harold Taft, who served as chief meteorologist at KXAS-TV from its sign-on as WBAP-TV in 1948 until his retirement in 1991, and Bobbie Wygant, who has served as an entertainment reporter for WBAP/KXAS since 1948). Although KDFW has experienced a relative degree of talent turnover over the years (particularly during the 1980s and early 1990s), several anchors and reporters that have been part of Channel 4's news department staff have worked for the station for at least ten years (in addition to Tinsley, these have included Richard Ray, who joined KDFW as a reporter in 1983 and has also served as weekend evening anchor from 1995 until his retirement in 2019; Ron Jackson, who served as weekend meteorologist from 1982 until his retirement in 2014; and Becky Oliver, who served as its chief investigative reporter from 1991 until her retirement from broadcasting in 2015 ).

On January 6, 1980, the station debuted Insights, a weekly public affairs program featuring topical discussions and feature stories focusing on the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex's ethnic community, focusing primarily on issues affecting African Americans. The program was originally hosted by Rochelle Brown until 2002, when she relegated herself to an executive producer role and was succeeded by longtime general assignment reporter Shaun Rabb (who also served as weekend evening anchor from 1993 to 1994) for the remainder of its run; the Emmy Award-winning Sunday morning program ended its 29-year run on June 21, 2009.

On May 12, 1986, to inaugurate the rollout of its new satellite news-gathering units, KDFW kicked off an ambitious three-week tour across Texas, in which the station conducted live remotes at different locations around the state each day for its early evening newscasts. As it was returning from Van Horn (the first site of the tour) that evening, a Bell JetRanger used by the station as its newsgathering helicopter crashed after takeoff at Guadalupe Mountains National Park while pilot Irving Patrick attempted to navigate the chopper in strong wind speeds. Patrick and news operations manager Scott "Buster" McGregor were killed on board; however in the midst of the tragedy, KDFW's news staff chose to continue the cross-state tour as scheduled. In May 1993, KDFW became the first television station in Dallas–Fort Worth to launch a weekend morning newscast, with the debut of a two-hour Saturday broadcast from 8 to 10 a.m. (the program – which, uniformly with the weekday morning newscasts and formerly titled News 4 Texas Morning Edition, was re-titled Good Day Dallas [now Fox 4 Good Day] in January 1997 – would later move to 7 to 9 a.m. on April 4, 2010, and was joined by a Sunday edition in that same time period on July 10, 2011).

When KDFW became a Fox affiliate on July 2, 1995, the station sharply expanded its emphasis on local news programming. It retained a news schedule similar to the one it had as a CBS affiliate, while increasing its news output from about 25 hours a week to nearly 40 hours (with its weekday news schedule expanding from $3 1/2$ hours to seven hours per day). In its early years with Fox, local news programming on the station ran on weekdays from 5:30 to 9 am, noon to 12:30 p.m. and 6 to 6:30 pm, Saturday mornings, and nightly from 5 to 6 p.m. and 9 to 10:30 pm. The weekday morning newscast's expansion from $1 1/2$ to three hours – with the addition of a two-hour extension from 7 to 9 a.m.—and the consolidation of its half-hour weeknight 5 and 6 p.m. newscasts into a single 90-minute block—although both programs were respectively structured as separate one-hour and half-hour broadcasts—filled timeslots vacated by the removals of CBS This Morning and the CBS Evening News from its schedule as Fox, unlike CBS, does not have daily national newscasts. Since Fox does not provide a third hour of network programming within its evening schedule, Channel 4 also added an hour-long prime time newscast at 9 p.m. to lead into its existing 10 p.m. newscast (KDFW is one of several Fox stations that offer newscasts in both the final hour of prime time and the traditional late news time slot—Fox Television Stations started to push news expansion into the latter in 2006—and one of ten that continued its Big Three-era late-evening newscast after switching to Fox; in contrast, Austin sister station KTBC aired syndicated programming as a lead-in for its existing 10 p.m. newscast after it switched to Fox before it moved its late newscast to the 9 p.m. hour in August 2000, that station would restore a late newscast in the former slot in September 2014 ).

On the date of the network switch, KDFW also debuted a daily local sports news program within its 9 p.m. newscast, Sports 4 Texas, which also served as a generalized branding for its sports segments until January 1997; the program—which ran for 20 minutes on Monday through Friday nights (as well as Saturdays, with the exception of the NFL season, when the prime time newscast was abbreviated by a half-hour to air the Cowboys magazine show The Aikman-Summerall Report), and for a half-hour on Sundays—eventually evolved into its present weekly half-hour format as Fox 4 Sports Sunday in September 1997, when KDFW discontinued the weekend editions of its 10 p.m. newscast, relegating that newscast to Monday through Friday evenings (Fox late night programming airs on Saturdays at 10 pm, while Free 4 All—which launched as a weeknight-only program on September 4, 2018, and replaced Sports Sunday as part of a reformatting into a six-night-a-week, Sunday-through-Friday program in March 2019—airs Sundays in that time slot). In advance of the switch, KDFW station management offered news department employees a one-month pay bonus as an incentive to agree to stay until or after the affiliation switch. Because Fox did not have a news division – and by association, an affiliate news service – at the time KDFW joined the network (Fox News Channel and the Fox News Edge video service would not launch until August 1996), the station's news department initially relied on external video feeds from CNN Newsource for coverage of national and international news stories; the station also increased its news staff from 80 to 120 employees, through the hiring of 40 additional employees in both on-air and behind-the-scenes roles.

The expansion of the news department as well as other programming changes that occurred when Channel 4 switched to Fox were the subject of a scathing article by writer Brad Bailey in the October 1995 issue of D Magazine, criticizing the news department for a perceived incorporation of sensationalistic reports to fill time within its expanded newscasts and KDFW as a whole for adopting a syndicated programming lineup consisting largely of tabloid talk shows (such as The Maury Povich Show, Geraldo and Jerry Springer, following suit with other New World-owned Fox stations that acquired such programs to bulk up their syndication lineups after joining the network), referring to the station's decision to maintain its status as a "big, legitimate news operation" while operating as a Fox affiliate as conflicting and incompatible courses (before New World started switching most of its stations to Fox in September 1994, Fox stations tended to focus predominately on first-run and off-network syndicated programs and movies, with limited to no local news programming; Miami affiliate WSVN's decision to adopt a news-intensive programming format after switching from NBC to Fox in January 1989 served as the template for the New World and SF Broadcasting stations that switched to Fox between 1994 and 1996, a format that was gradually adopted by many heritage Fox stations that had existing or launched upstart news departments in subsequent years). The article was criticized by KDFW president/general manager David Whitaker, and main evening anchors Clarice Tinsley and John Criswell, the latter of whom (who left KDFW in 1997, after a seven-year tenure at the station) stated that Bailey could not have "accomplished a more reprehensible mass assassination of character with a machine gun or bomb". Although ratings for its newscasts declined in the first couple of months after it joined Fox due to viewer confusion over the switch (which Whitaker acknowledged had also resulted in ratings losses at its competitors at that time), KDFW began regaining some of its news audience starting in the fall of 1995; it has since often beat its English-language competitors in the demographic of adults between 25 and 54 years old in certain time slots, particularly in the morning and at 9 p.m.

Starting in 2006, the Fox-owned stations began revamping their sets and graphics to be more closely aligned visually with Fox News Channel, along with the adoption of standardized "kitebox" logos. KDFW debuted the new logo, set, graphics and theme music on September 20, 2006, beginning with its 9 p.m. newscast. The station also relaunched its website under the "myfox" branding and interface developed by Fox Interactive Media, incorporating more news and video content (the Fox O&O sites have since been migrated to the WorldNow web platform). On July 30, 2007, a Bell JetRanger helicopter leased by KDFW from CBS Radio crash-landed in a heavily wooded area near the Joe Pool Lake spillway (south of Camp Wisdom Road) in Grand Prairie, while it was making an emergency landing after the aircraft's engine lost power (which the National Transportation Safety Board determined was caused by the failure of one or more of the compressor blades for the fifth stage compressor) en route to a breaking news story in Fort Worth that morning. The out-of-control chopper skidded and rolled before stopping near the spillway, shearing off the tail rotor from the main body of the helicopter. Chopper pilot Curtis Crump, KDFW traffic reporter Chip Waggoner and KRLD and KVIL (103.7 FM) radio traffic reporter Julie DeHarty survived the accident, with the latter two transported by ambulance to Methodist Dallas Medical Center for treatment.

On February 18, 2009, beginning with its noon newscast, KDFW became the fifth television station in the Dallas–Fort Worth market to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition. On April 5, 2010, the station expanded its weekday morning newscast to 4½ hours, with the addition of a half-hour at 4:30 a.m. Good Day was eventually expanded to 4 a.m. on May 9, 2018, extending it into a five-hour broadcast; subsequently on September 4, the station expanded Good Day to the 9 a.m. hour, resulting in KDFW becoming the second-to-last remaining Fox-owned station to expand its weekday morning newscast into the slot (which, since the program – as Live with Regis and Kathie Lee – moved to KDFW from KTVT in September 1993, has long been ceded to Live with Kelly and Mark and its previous incarnations; that program was moved to 10 a.m. as a result; WJZY in Charlotte remains the last station to end its morning newscast at 9 am). To accommodate the expansion (which placed Good Day in direct competition with WFAA's news/talk program Good Morning Texas), Hanna Battah (who joined KDFW from CBS affiliate KBAK-TV and Fox affiliate KBFX-CD in Bakersfield in June to serve as weekend anchor of Good Day) was added as co-anchor of the first two hours of the program with a co-anchor to be named later, while Tim Ryan (who has anchored KDFW's morning newscast since joining the station shortly after the 1995 affiliation switch) and Lauren Przybyl (who joined KDFW in September 2009) being shifted to the 6–10 a.m. portion of the broadcast.

Notable current on-air staff

 * Clarice Tinsley – anchor

Notable former on-air staff

 * Mark Alford – reporter/anchor (early-1990s; later with WDAF-TV in Kansas City, now elected to the United States House of Representatives in MO's 4th congressional district)
 * Ashleigh Banfield – anchor (1995–2000; later with CNN, HLN, A&E and now NewsNation)
 * Katherine Creag – reporter (2002–2005; later with WNBC in New York City; deceased)
 * Peter Daut – reporter/anchor (2008–2012)
 * Sam Donaldson – announcer (1959–1960; later with ABC News, retired from journalism)
 * Wayne Freedman – reporter (1980–1981; now at KGO-TV in San Francisco)
 * Frank Glieber – sports reporter/anchor (deceased)
 * Cynthia Gouw – weekend anchor/reporter (1993–1994)
 * Judd Hambrick – anchor (1972–1973)
 * Dale Hansen – sports anchor (1980–1983; later sports director at WFAA; now retired)
 * Craig James – sports anchor (1992–1993; later with ABC Sports and ESPN)
 * Dick Johnson – anchor (1976–1982; later at WMAQ-TV in Chicago, deceased)
 * Bill Mercer – sportscaster/wrestling announcer (1953–1964)
 * Mark Mullen – reporter (1989–1991; now at KNSD in San Diego)
 * Bob Phillips – host of 4 Country Reporter (1972–1986; now host of Texas Country Reporter)
 * Dick Risenhoover – sports anchor (1970–1973; deceased)
 * Brad Sham – sports reporter (late 1970s; now play-by-play broadcaster for the Dallas Cowboys)
 * James Spann – meteorologist (mid-1980s; now at WBMA-LD in Birmingham, Alabama)
 * Casey Stegall – reporter (2005–2007; now with Fox News)
 * Ray Szmanda – anchor (1975–1978; deceased)
 * Roger Twibell – sports reporter (1975–1976; now at Big Ten Network)
 * Wes Wise – sports anchor (1960s; later mayor of Dallas from 1971 to 1976)

Subchannels
The station's signal is multiplexed: {{legend|#E6FFF7|Simulcast of subchannels of another station}}

Analog-to-digital conversion
KDFW began transmitting a digital signal on UHF channel 35 on September 10, 1998. The station shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 4, on June 12, 2009, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television. The station's digital signal remained on its transition period UHF channel 35, using virtual channel 4.

Through its participation as a SAFER Act "nightlight" broadcaster, KDFW kept its analog signal on the air until July 12 to inform viewers of the digital television transition through a loop of public service announcements from the National Association of Broadcasters.

title: KDFW


text:
Talk:Van Sweringen brothers

Recent Merge
I just merged a slew of material from the Van Sweringen Brothers. I'm a little to close to the text after the merge, so I'd really like to have another few sets of eyes look over the material. Thanks! -Rossumcapek 19:55, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Material
See Find-A-Grave for Orris and Find-A-Grave for Mantis. Lincher 04:22, 10 March 2006 (UTC)

lovers
Which historians speculate that they were lovers? If no answer, will delete.

Inconsistent dates
The death dates for both brothers is not consistent in the article. Which is correct? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.69.56.216 (talk) 03:43, 28 August 2012 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Van Sweringen brothers


text:
Talk:University of Texas at Dallas

UTD MSET photo
Any chance someone might be able to get a photo of UTD's new Math, Science and Engineering Teaching-Learning Center (MSET)? SLC on the campus map.Stan9999 (talk) 02:40, 4 September 2010 (UTC)

The University of Texas Dallas
Per the comments on the review I changed "The" University of Texas at Dallas to "the" and removed "officially The University of Texas at Dallas".Stan9999 (talk) 16:42, 4 September 2010 (UTC)

Campus split
The campus section is getting a bit large. I think there is enough material on the page to spin it off into a new page much like Campus of Texas A&M University or University of Texas at Dallas academic programs. It isn't a slam dunk decision. The University of Texas doesn't do this. But what is on the page is a bit detailed. Oldag07 (talk) 23:04, 11 October 2010 (UTC)

 * That is fine with me as long as there is a good summary of the information. I notice the spin off pages seem to get a bit lost. For example, a quick look at A&M show around 1600 hits a day while the campus page is around 40.Stan9999 (talk) 00:33, 12 October 2010 (UTC)

 * Started working on the new page in my sandbox. Do not move the page.  I have a significant amount of stuff that isn't related to UTD in my history box. As for your concerns Stan, please read WP:DETAIL.  While there is a lot of detail on this page, it isn't necessarily read. Oldag07 (talk) 01:08, 12 October 2010 (UTC)

 * I am having some second thoughts on the move. I noticed the UTD article is only about 76 kbytes at this time. Looking at some others like A&M, 113 kbytes, Texas Tech, 97 kbytes it seems the UTD article is ok. I understand the reason for daughter articles but not sure it really necessary, at this time, to move the campus info. Also noted the campus section is only about 15 kbytes.Stan9999 (talk) 17:38, 12 October 2010 (UTC)

I would purpose that "Residential housing" and "Dining on campus" should be moved from the Campus section to the Student life section.Stan9999 (talk) 19:04, 12 October 2010 (UTC)

 * Still pushing the move. See WP:SIZERULE.  I would argue the A&M and tech pages are a bit bloated.  They were complaining about the a&m page's size in its nomination:  Featured article candidates/Texas A&M University.  And to be frank, A&M and Tech have much larger histories, traditions and sports programs than UTD does. One would expect those to pages to be bigger than UTD.  As for moving residential housing and dining on campus, maybe short summaries of those paragraphs should be on the student life section, but the bulk should be on the campus page. Oldag07 (talk) 22:35, 12 October 2010 (UTC)

 * Well, I would like to hold off moving the Campus section for now and move "Residential housing" and "Dining on campus" to the Student life section. It would be helpful if there was a third opinion on this.Stan9999 (talk) 23:47, 12 October 2010 (UTC) Some universities with the Housing in the Student Life section. University of California, Riverside, Duke University, University of Michigan, Ohio Wesleyan University.Stan9999 (talk) 02:21, 13 October 2010 (UTC)

 * Agreed with the third opinion idea. Texas A&M also has a residential life section both in its main page's student life section and in its campus page. Since the proposed page is already in my sandbox, I am going to be WP:BOLD and move the residential housing/ dining on campus sections to the student life sections now. Oldag07 (talk) 12:41, 13 October 2010 (UTC)

 * Looks good!Stan9999 (talk) 16:29, 13 October 2010 (UTC)

Varsity athletics picture
Anyone have a photo of a varsity athletics game to place in the "Athletics" section?Stan9999 (talk) 15:06, 16 November 2010 (UTC)

Minor edits
Greetings to all,

I recently made a series of minor edits ranging from 476388737 to 476534142 (my latest edit), but did not summarize the edits and/or discuss them. These are some of the changes that were made:

 * Added coordinates of the school.
 * Separated the motto into two lines (one for Latin and one for English).
 * Updated the endowment figure (with source).
 * Updated the official school colors (with source).
 * Updated the bottom template's colors (new color IDs) to reflect the school's official colors.

The full list of changes, of course, can be seen here: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=University_of_Texas_at_Dallas&action=historysubmit&diff=476534142&oldid=469808150

I apologize for any mistakes I have made (I am new to Wikipedia editing).

Thanks,

Abraham — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.77.113.73 (talk) 23:07, 12 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Abraham, the edits are wonderful. Thanks for your hard work.  I would definitely recommend creating an account. There are lots of benefits to do so.  See WP:ACCOUNT. Oldag07 (talk) 04:39, 13 February 2012 (UTC)

 * Done. No problem, happy to help. Random Abe (talk) 01:16, 16 February 2012 (UTC)

Greenest University
I am not sure if the "greenest university" statements are that notable. According to the source,, UTD earned a B-. Be careful not to use vague words. See WP:VAGUE. Keep up the good work. Oldag07 (talk) 13:31, 27 May 2012 (UTC)

 * Hi Oldag07,
 * Thanks for pointing this out. I have removed the statement from the Intro and reworded the Campus section.Stan9999 (talk) 17:43, 6 June 2012 (UTC)

Nobel Laureate Claim
Regarding the following citation:

^ "The Nobel Prize in Physics 1993 was awarded to Russell A. Hulse". Nobelprize.org. Retrieved June 10, 2010.

I read Mr. Hulse's biographical section (http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1993/hulse.html) and there is no mention of "Texas" or "University of Texas" anywhere. Perhaps I am missing something? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Newfiegurl (talk • contribs) 22:44, 14 March 2013 (UTC)

 * Hi,
 * See this link. http://www.osti.gov/accomplishments/hulse.html Stan9999 (talk) 21:13, 20 June 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on University of Texas at Dallas. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140304212603/http://www.gsafweb.org/CurrentEvents/mtrutford.html to http://www.gsafweb.org/CurrentEvents/mtrutford.html

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 01:47, 14 December 2017 (UTC)

Traditions
I usually am not the type of person to propose something I don't want to take the effort to do. But it almost seems like UTD of all places, has enough material for a traditions page. Oldag07 (talk) 13:13, 10 May 2019 (UTC)

 * I tried to create the article, but it seems like the bureaucracy has become far more strict since the last time I created an article. Draft:University of Texas at Dallas traditions.  I am not really a true UTD alumni, and honestly, the traditions article should be written by someone who is more familiar with the subject. It might be nice if someone else took a crack at it. The tradition section on this page should not be larger than the Texas A&M University page's version. Oldag07 (talk) 04:30, 5 October 2019 (UTC)

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.)

For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, and, if allowed under fair use, may copy sentences and phrases, provided they are included in quotation marks and referenced properly. The material may also be rewritten, providing it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Therefore, such paraphrased portions must provide their source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. — Diannaa 🍁 (talk) 20:33, 23 September 2019 (UTC)

Art Museum
With the groundbreaking of the Edith and Peter O’Donnell Jr. Athenaeum, I think it is time to create a new subsection for the art museum where we can relocate the section talks about the acquisition of the Crow Museum and Barrett Swiss Collections, among others. Andnjox (talk) 01:02, 21 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:University of Texas at Dallas


text:
Poecilia sphenops

Poecilia sphenops is a species of fish, of the genus Poecilia, known under the common name molly; to distinguish it from its congeners, it is sometimes called short-finned molly or common molly. They inhabit fresh water streams, coastal brackish, and marine waters from Mexico to Colombia. The wild-type fishes are dull, silvery in color. The molly can produce fertile hybrids with many Poecilia species, most importantly the sailfin molly. The male mollies generally tend to be mildly aggressive.

Mollies rank as one of the most popular feeder fish due to high growth rate, birth size, reproduction, and brood number.

Biology
Mollies are similar in appearance to their livebearer cousins, the platy, swordtail and guppies; the molly tends to be slightly larger and more energetic. Many aquarists note the stronger individuality and aggression in keeping mollies versus platies, who appear much more docile.

Size
Standard size of male fish is 3.2″ (8 cm) and female fish is 4.8″ (12 cm).

Varieties
Selective breeding over centuries has produced several color variations and different body shapes.

 * Short-finned molly or common molly: They inhabit fresh water streams and coastal brackish and marine waters of Mexico. The wild-type fishes are dull, silvery in color. The molly can produce fertile hybrids with many Poecilia species, most importantly the sailfin molly. The wild form is in fact quite rarely kept, as it has a rather plain silvery coloration suffused with brown and green hues.
 * Black molly: It is a melanistic breed which are black all over. It is one of the most well-known aquarium fishes and nearly as easy to keep and prolific as guppies.
 * White molly: A white colored molly.
 * Golden molly: Nicknamed the "24 karat".
 * Balloon molly: This fish has a deformed spine due to a genetic defect that gives it its appearance. Through selective breeding it is now widely available. Balloon mollies can still reproduce and live a normal life comparable to that of other mollies, but it has garnered controversy due to the belief that its defect gives it a shortened lifespan and a susceptibility to health problems.
 * Lyretail: A breed with an altered caudal fin structure.
 * Dalmatian molly: A silver colored breed with black speckles.

title: Poecilia sphenops


text: Category:Brazilian mathematicians

title: Category:Brazilian mathematicians


text: Category:Brazilian logicians

title: Category:Brazilian logicians


text:
The Masque of Mandragora

The Masque of Mandragora is the first serial of the 14th season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 4 to 25 September 1976.

The serial is set in the fictional European duchy of San Martino in the late 15th century. In the serial, the astrologer Hieronymous (Norman Jones) seeks to summon the power of an intelligence called the Mandragora Helix to rule the Earth.

Plot
The Doctor shows Sarah some of the TARDIS interior, and they come across the secondary console room. Activating the viewscreen, the Doctor sees a swirl of living energy in the time vortex – the Mandragora Helix, which starts to draw them in. The intelligence within the Helix psychically attacks them as the Doctor tries to pilot the TARDIS through it. The ship ends up inside the Helix, and the Doctor and Sarah duck behind the TARDIS as a fragment of glowing Helix energy flies by. They escape in the TARDIS, not knowing that the fragment has entered with them.

In 15th century San Martino in Italy, a peasant revolt is violently put down by Count Federico and his men, led by Captain Rossini. In a palace, Federico's brother, the Duke of San Martino, lies dying, attended to by his son Giuliano and Giuliano's companion Marco. The Duke's death had been foretold by Hieronymous, the court astrologer, but Giuliano, a man of science, does not believe in such superstition. In fact, Hieronymous is working for Federico, and the horoscope's prediction of the Duke's death was helped along by poison. Hieronymous tells the Count that he feels his powers are growing, but all Federico wants is for the astrologer to foretell Giuliano's death next, and he will take care of the rest.

The TARDIS materialises in a field near San Martino, and when the Doctor and Sarah exit, the energy fragment flies out of the TARDIS, unseen. Sarah wanders off and is kidnapped by a group of men in hooded robes. The Doctor tries to rescue her but is knocked out, and when he awakes he witnesses the energy fragment fly towards and kill a peasant. Searching for Sarah, the Doctor is confronted by the Count's men and arrested.

At the court, the Doctor tells Federico that the energy fragment could spell the end of the world. The Count at first thinks the Doctor is a seer, like Hieronymous, but when the astrologer quizzes the Doctor, it becomes clear that the Doctor has some differences of opinion. Federico orders the Doctor to be executed as a spy. Meanwhile, Sarah is brought before a priest and told that she is the foretold sacrifice to Demnos, the Roman god of moonlight and solstice. In the palace courtyard, the Doctor is led to the executioner.

Before the executioner's sword lands, the Doctor unfurls his scarf and hooks it around the executioner's ankle, throwing him off balance. The Doctor escapes and finds his way into catacombs beneath the city. The guards, fearing the Brethren of Demnos who reside there, stop their pursuit. Inside, Sarah is laid out on an altar. A purple-robed figure is about to stab her when the Doctor snatches Sarah away, just as the fragment appears in the chamber, suffusing it with a red glow and providing a distraction for the two to escape.

Giuliano examines the body of a guard who was killed earlier by the fragment, and while he does not know the cause of the guard's death, he dismisses ideas that it was some kind of fire demon. The Doctor and Sarah are found by palace guards. In the temple, the Helix manifests itself as a pillar of red light and tells the purple-robed figure that he will be given undreamed-of powers to carry out its will on Earth and become the planet's supreme ruler. After the Helix vanishes, the figure removes his mask, revealing the face of Hieronymous.

The guards take the Doctor and Sarah to Giuliano, who shows him the dead guard's body and tells the Doctor of fears that if Federico rules San Martino, all knowledge and learning will be suppressed. Elsewhere, Federico discovers that Giuliano has invited several nobles to San Martino to celebrate his succession to the Dukedom. Angered, Federico demands Hieronymous make up a new horoscope and poison Giuliano before the next evening.

The Doctor deduces that the Helix chose San Martino because the Brethren provided a ready-made power base. The Doctor asserts that the 15th century was the transition between the Dark Ages and the dawn of the Renaissance – the Helix could gain control of the Earth now through a new religion. The Doctor tells Giuliano the temple must be destroyed. They go to the temple, and the Doctor enters the catacombs alone. Giuliano tells Sarah that he and a few others believe that the earth is a sphere (although that was common knowledge of the day).

As the Doctor enters the main chamber the Helix attacks him psychically. Rossini informs Federico of Giuliano's trip to the temple, and the Count decides to kill his "pagan" nephew. The guards corner Giuliano and attack. Sarah runs into the catacombs calling for the Doctor, but is caught by the Brethren.

The Helix attack stops, but the Doctor is prevented from venturing further into the temple. He leaves to find Giuliano fighting the guards and joins in. Giuliano is wounded and the Brethren emerge from the forest and force the guards to retreat. The Doctor and Giuliano enter the catacombs. Sarah is brought back to the astrologer's chambers where she is left gagged as the Priest and Hieronymous talk. The priest is eager to sacrifice Sarah, but Hieronymous decides to use her as bait for the Doctor. Hieronymous allowed the Brethren to save Giuliano because the young prince may still have value. Sarah is hypnotised to believe the Doctor is an evil sorcerer. Hieronymous gives her a poisoned needle to kill the Doctor.

At the palace, the invited nobles arrive and Federico realizes he does not have much time to eliminate Giuliano, but Rossini is unable to find Giuliano. Hieronymous warns Federico that his life is in danger. Federico scoffs, believing Hieronymous a fraud, but is suspicious enough to tell Rossini to banish Hieronymous from the city.

In the catacombs, Giuliano and the Doctor find Sarah, who cannot remember anything after her capture by the cult. They reach the palace dungeons through a secret passage. The Doctor confronts Hieronymous, whom he has deduced is the leader of the Brethren. Sarah secretly follows. When the Doctor speaks to Hieronymous, Sarah sneaks up behind him with the needle, but the Doctor snaps her out of the trance, just as the guards come for Hieronymous. The astrologer escapes, but the guards capture the Doctor, Sarah, and Giuliano.

In the dungeons, Federico accuses the prisoners of being followers of Demnos. Rossini rushes in, informing the Count that members of the Brethren are moving towards the temple. The Doctor tries to convince Federico that Hieronymous is the real threat. Federico takes the Doctor with him and some guards, leaving the others as hostages. In the temple, Hieronymous summons the Helix, which begins infusing him and his followers with power. Disguised in hoods, the Doctor, Federico and the guards enter and witness the ceremony. Federico steps forward, calls Hieronymous a traitor, and rips off the golden mask, only to reveal glowing energy in place of a face. Hieronymous raises a finger, and electrical energy stabs out at the Count, reducing him to ashes.

Hieronymous then fires at and kills the guards but does not seem to have seen the Doctor. The Doctor joins the circle around the Helix as Hieronymous announces that Mandragora will swallow the moon the next evening and then the Brethren will strike. The Doctor slips away unnoticed. In the palace dungeons, Rossini is about to kill the prisoners when the Doctor arrives and reveals that Federico is dead. The guards change their allegiance to Giuliano and take Rossini into custody. The Doctor observes that the Brethren are still a danger. He tells Giuliano to fortify the palace in preparation for their attack.

In the meantime, the Brethren are driving people out of the city, isolating the palace. Giuliano wants to cancel the masque that will celebrate his accession, but Marco is confident they can defend the palace against the Brethren. The Doctor calculates there will be a lunar eclipse that evening – Mandragora swallowing the Moon – and when the Helix takes over, it will remove all sense of purpose from mankind. Right now, however, the Helix energy is spread thinly over all the Brethren, and it could be exhausted. He asks Giuliano for a breastplate and a length of wire. Wearing the breastplate under his coat, if he has guessed right about the nature of Helix energy, he could drain it off.

Hieronymous knows of a secret way into the palace, and he intends to infiltrate his men under cover of the masque. The Doctor enters the temple and grounds the altar with wire. Hieronymous addresses the Doctor as "Time Lord", and says that Earth has to be possessed; if mankind's ambition is not checked, it will eventually spread into the Galaxy and the powers of Mandragora will not allow a rival within their domain. Hieronymous fires repeated bolts of energy into the Doctor's chest, knocking him back painfully, but the Doctor survives.

At the masque, the Brethren make their appearance, and the masqueraders run about in panic as they fire into the crowd. Hieronymous then appears and tells the Brethren to take the others into the temple for the final sacrifice. The Moon goes into eclipse, and the Brethren place their hands on the altar as a ball of Helix energy descends. However, it consumes the Brethren, expanding and then fading away. "Hieronymous" removes his mask – it was the Doctor, imitating the cult leader's voice. The Doctor explains it as a case of "energy squared", putting the Mandragora Helix back where it came from.

The Doctor and Sarah make their goodbyes to Giuliano. Just before they leave the Doctor tells Sarah that while Giuliano will not have any more trouble with Mandragora, humanity will. The constellation will be in position at about the end of the 20th century.

Production
Working titles for this story included The Catacombs of Death and The Curse of Mandragora. The ultimate name references the masque, entertainment performed by masked players, that later plays a key role in the plot.

Location shooting for the serial was done at the resort of Portmeirion in Wales, better known as the setting for the cult series The Prisoner.

Cast notes
Tim Pigott-Smith previously played Captain Harker in The Claws of Axos (1971). Norman Jones previously played Khrisong in The Abominable Snowmen (1967) and Major Baker in Doctor Who and the Silurians (1970). Robert James had previously played Lesterson in The Power of the Daleks (1966).

Themes and analysis
Martin Wiggins, senior lecturer and fellow at the Shakespeare Institute at Stratford-upon-Avon, has compared this story's plot with Hamlet: "It has an inexperienced, intellectual prince, a usurping duke, and a debate about the conflict between science and religion that recalls Hamlet's musings on the nature of the supernatural world."

Broadcast and reception
Paul Cornell, Martin Day, and Keith Topping wrote of the serial in The Discontinuity Guide (1995), "One of the few metaphors in Doctor Who history (nasty alien energy mass = superstition and scientific ignorance) is blurred by the lack of actual scientific understanding that the story exhibits. Looks and sounds great, though." In The Television Companion (1998), David J. Howe and Stephen James Walker reported that viewers had a mixed reaction to the serial, according to the BBC's Audience Research Report, but there had been a majority of "moderate approval". Howe and Walker themselves commended the "very well written and highly intelligent" scripts, the "polished production", and strong cast. In 2010, Patrick Mulkern of Radio Times described the serial as "polished" with "an air of confidence in the writing and performances". He praised the masked ball ending and the costumes and music, and remarked that "perhaps the only feeble note is the representation of the Helix". DVD Talk's Ian Jane gave The Masque of Mandragora three and a half out of five stars, calling it "pretty entertaining stuff". While he felt that "it's a bit predictable and most of the supporting cast is surprisingly poorly defined", he praised Baker and the atmosphere of the serial and wrote that ultimately the good outweighs the bad.

In print
A novelisation of this serial, written by Philip Hinchcliffe, was published by Target Books in December 1977. A French translation of it was published in 1987. An unabridged reading of the novelisation read by Tim Pigott-Smith was released by BBC Audiobooks in April 2009.

Home media
This story was released on VHS in August 1991, on DVD on 8 February 2010, and as part of the Season 14 Collection on Blu-ray on 4 May 2020. This serial was also released as part of the Doctor Who DVD Files in issue 64 on 15 June 2011.

title: The Masque of Mandragora


text: Category:1067 births

title: Category:1067 births


text:
HMS Bronington (M1115)

HMS Bronington was a Ton-class minesweeper of the Royal Navy, launched on 19 March 1953. This mahogany-hulled minesweeper was one of the last of the "wooden walls" (wooden-hulled naval vessels).

History
Bronington was laid down on 30 May 1951 by Cook, Welton & Gemmell at Beverley, Yorkshire. Built on the River Hull she was launched on 19 March 1953 and Bronington was commissioned as HMS Humber on 4 June 1954. Humber spent four years in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve where it served as part of the 101st Minesweeping Squadron.

Reverting to its original name in 1958, the vessel was converted into a minehunter at Rosyth Dockyard between 1963 and 1965, and was commissioned to, initially the 5th Minesweeper Squadron, and the 1st Mine Countermeasures Squadron on 5 January 1967.

King Charles III (then the Prince of Wales) commanded the vessel between 9 February and 15 December 1976. Subsequently, under the command of his successor, Lieutenant A. B. Gough R. N., it ran aground in the River Avon while departing from Bristol.

During the late 80s, the vessel saw service in the Mediterranean as part of 2nd Mine Counter Measures Squadron, with NATO as part of the Standing Naval Force Channel and also as a fishery protection vessel.

After being decommissioned from service, the ship was purchased in January 1989 by the Bronington Trust, a registered charity whose patron is the King. For some time, the ship was berthed in the Manchester Ship Canal at Trafford Park, Greater Manchester, England and was open to visitors for ten years. On 11 July 2002, she became part of the collection of the Warship Preservation Trust and was moored at Birkenhead, Merseyside. After the closure of the Warship Preservation Trust, she remained in storage, formerly alongside the Rothesay-class frigate HMS Plymouth (F126), at Vittoria Dock, Birkenhead, and latterly in the West Float of Birkenhead Docks.

On 17 March 2016, Bronington sank at her moorings.

Preservation
December 2021 saw the formation of the 'HMS Bronington Preservation Trust', an organisation dedicated to raising the vessel and preserving it.

As of 2023, the ship is still partially submerged. The preservation trust commissioned a dive survey in June 2022 to establish the state of the vessel. The survey revealed the vessel to be in good condition, with only two minor holes in the hull. Subject to fund raising, the trust hopes to move the vessel to a dry dock at Cammell Laird where it will be restored, either for sailing or for use as a static museum exhibit. In June 2023, the National Museum of the Royal Navy said that there are potential locations in Portsmouth Historic Dockyard, which could be considered if the restoration effort is successful.

title: HMS Bronington (M1115)


text:
United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics

The United States was the host nation of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. It was the nineteenth time that Team USA participated, having boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics. 522 competitors, 339 men and 183 women, took part in 217 events in 25 sports.

These Olympic Games were unique for the United States in that the host state was California, the home state of the country's president, Ronald Reagan, who himself opened the Games, becoming the first American president to open a Summer Olympics, and also any Olympic games in the United States. Reagan was governor of the state from 1967 to 1975. It was not until the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City that an American president opened a Winter Olympics in the United States.

The United States topped the medal count for the first time since 1968, winning a record 83 gold medals and surpassing the Soviet Union’s total of 80 golds at the 1980 Summer Olympics.

Medalists
The following U.S. competitors won medals at the games. In the by discipline sections below, medalists' names are bolded.

 * style="text-align:left; width:74%; vertical-align:top;"|

 * style="text-align:left; width:26%; vertical-align:top;"|

* - Indicates that the athlete competed in preliminaries but not the final.

Archery
The United States returned to archery competition with a dominant men's team that earned the top two spots. Their women were not as successful against the newly powerful Asian teams from Korea, China, and Japan, but still managed to place an archer in the top eight.

Athletics

 * Key
 * Note–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
 * Q = Qualified for the next round
 * q = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser or, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target

 * Men
 * Road and track events
 * - Indicates the athlete ran in a preliminary round but not the final.

 * Field events

 * Combined event – Decathlon

 * Women
 * Road and track events
 * - Indicates the athlete ran in a preliminary round but not the final.

 * Field events

 * Combined event – Heptathlon

Basketball
Summary

Men's tournament
Roster

 * Head coach: Bob Knight

Preliminary round

Quarterfinal

Semifinal

Gold medal game

Women's tournament
Roster
 * Cathy Boswell
 * Denise Curry
 * Anne Donovan
 * Teresa Edwards
 * Lea Henry
 * Janice Lawrence
 * Pamela McGee
 * Carol Menken-Schaudt
 * Cheryl Miller
 * Kim Mulkey
 * Cindy Noble
 * Lynette Woodard

Preliminary round

Gold medal game

Canoeing

 * Men

 * Women

Key: QF – Qualified to medal final; SF – Qualified to semifinal; R – Qualified to repechage

Cycling
Twenty cyclists represented the United States in 1984.

Road

 * Men

 * Women

Track

 * Points race

 * Pursuit

 * Sprint

 * Time trial

Diving

 * Men

 * Women

Equestrian

 * Dressage

 * Eventing

 * Jumping

Fencing
Twenty fencers represented the United States in 1984.

 * Men

 * Women

Field hockey

 * Summary

Men's tournament

 * Roster
 * Mohammed Barakat
 * Ken Barrett
 * Rawle Cox
 * Trevor Fernandez
 * Scott Gregg
 * Manzar Iqbal
 * Michael Kraus
 * Randy Lipscher
 * David McMichael
 * Gary Newton
 * Michael Newton
 * Brian Spencer
 * Morgan Stebbins
 * Robert Stiles
 * Andrew Stone
 * Nigel Traverso

 * Preliminary round
 * Group A

 * 9th-12th place classification

 * 11th place match

Women's tournament

 * Roster
 * Gwen Cheeseman (gk)
 * Beth Anders
 * Kathleen McGahey
 * Anita Miller
 * Regina Buggy
 * Christine Larson-Mason
 * Beth Beglin
 * Marcella Place
 * Julie Staver
 * Diane Moyer
 * Sheryl Johnson
 * Charlene Morett
 * Karen Shelton
 * Brenda Stauffer
 * Leslie Milne
 * Judy Strong

 * Round robin

Football

 * Summary

Head coach: 🇬🇷 Alketas Panagoulias
 * Roster

 * Group stage – Group D

Artistic

 * Men
 * Team

 * Individual finals

 * Women
 * Team

 * Individual finals

Handball

 * Summary

Men's tournament

 * Roster
 * James Buehning
 * Bob Djokovich
 * Tim Dykstra
 * Craig Gilbert
 * Steven Goss
 * William Kessler
 * Stephen Kirk
 * Peter Lash
 * Michael Lenard
 * Joseph McVein
 * Gregory Morava
 * Rod Oshita
 * Thomas Schneeberger
 * Joe Story

 * Head coach: Javier Garcia

 * Preliminary Round
 * Group B
 * Lost to West Germany (19:21)
 * Lost to Denmark (16:19)
 * Lost to Sweden (18:21)
 * Lost to Spain (16:17)
 * Drew with South Korea (22:22)

 * 9th place final
 * Defeated Japan (24:16)

Women's tournament

 * Roster
 * Pamela Boyd
 * Reita Clanton
 * Theresa Contos
 * Sandra de la Riva
 * Mary Dwight
 * Carmen Forest
 * Melinda Hale
 * Leora Jones
 * Carol Lindsey
 * Cynthia Stinger
 * Penelope Stone
 * Janice Trombly
 * Sherry Winn

 * Head coach: Klement Capilar

Modern pentathlon
Three male modern pentathletes represented the United States in 1984. They won the silver medal in the team event.

Rowing
United States rowing results and competitors:

 * Men

 * Women

Qualification legend: FA = Final A (medal); FB = Final B (non-medal); SF = Semifinal; R = Repechage
 * - Race not run, times from heats were used to rank boats.

Shooting

 * Men

 * Women

 * Open

Swimming

 * Men

* - Athlete swam in the heat but not the final.
 * Women

Note: Times in the first round ranked across all heats.

Qualification legend: FA – Advance to medal final; FB – Advance to non-medal final

Volleyball

 * Summary

Men's tournament

 * Roster
 * Aldis Berzins
 * Craig Buck
 * Rich Duwelius
 * Dusty Dvorak
 * Karch Kiraly
 * Chris Marlowe
 * Pat Powers
 * Steven Salmons
 * Dave Saunders
 * Paul Sunderland
 * Steve Timmons
 * Marc Waldie
 * Preliminary round (group A)
 * Defeated Argentina (3-1)
 * Defeated Tunisia (3-0)
 * Defeated South Korea (3-0)
 * Lost to Brazil (0-3)

 * Semi Finals
 * Defeated Canada (3-0)

 * Final
 * Defeated Brazil (3-1)

Women's tournament

 * Roster
 * Paula Weishoff
 * Susan Woodstra
 * Rita Crockett
 * Laura Flachmeier
 * Carolyn Becker
 * Flo Hyman
 * Rose Magers
 * Julie Vollertsen
 * Debbie Green-Vargas
 * Kimberly Ruddins
 * Jeanne Beauprey
 * Linda Chisholm
 * Head coach: Arie Selinger
 * Preliminary round (group B)
 * Defeated West Germany (3-0)
 * Defeated Brazil (3-2)
 * Defeated China (3-1)

 * Semi Finals
 * Defeated Peru (3-0)

 * Final
 * Lost to China (1-3)

Water polo

 * Summary

 * Roster
 * Craig Wilson
 * Kevin Robertson
 * Gary Figueroa
 * Peter Campbell
 * Doug Burke
 * Joseph Vargas
 * Jon Svendsen
 * John Siman
 * Andrew McDonald
 * Terry Schroeder
 * Jody Campbell
 * Timothy Shaw
 * Christopher Dorst
 * Preliminary round (group B)
 * Defeated Greece (12-5)
 * Defeated Brazil (10-4)
 * Defeated Spain (10-8)

 * Final Round (Group D)
 * Defeated Netherlands (8-7)
 * Defeated Australia (12-7)
 * Defeated West Germany (8-7)
 * Drew with Yugoslavia (5-5)

Wrestling
Key:
 * TO – Victory by fall.
 * PP – Decision by points – the loser with technical points.
 * PO – Decision by points – the loser without technical points.
 * ST – Technical superiority – a margin of victory of at least 12 points.
 * SP - Technical superiority - a margin of victory between 8 and 11 points, the loser with technical points.
 * SO - Technical superiority - a margin of victory between 8 and 11 points, the loser without technical points.
 * DC - Judges' decision, no technical points scored by either wrestler
 * DQ - Decision by forfeit
 * PA - Decision by injury
 * PZ - Loser disqualified for passivity, no technical points scored by either wrestler.
 * P1 - Loser disqualified for passivity, winner leading by 7 points or less.
 * Q – Qualify to gold medal bout
 * q – Qualify to bronze medal bout


text:
User:Boim

Carried out work

 * Translation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedictine_Rule
 * Translation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benedict_of_Nursia
 * A part of the translation : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grigori_Alexandrovich_Potemkin
 * Article about a French military personnel : http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexandre-Louis_de_Fontbonne

title: User:Boim


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sock(s) finder

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 01:11, 15 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Sock(s) finder
Hoax article about a device that supposedly locates missing socks by "nano-tags" and GIS locators. Delete or BJAODN. -- Antaeus Feldspar 20:01, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * fiction presented as fact - delete DDerby 20:08, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Aeolis

Aeolis (Αἰολίς), or Aeolia (Αἰολία), was an area that comprised the west and northwestern region of Asia Minor (modern-day Turkey), mostly along the coast, and also several offshore islands (particularly Lesbos), where the Aeolian Greek city-states were located. Aeolis incorporated the southern parts of Mysia, and is bounded by it to the north, Ionia to the south, and Lydia to the east.

Geography
Aeolis was an ancient district on the western coast of Asia Minor. It extended along the Aegean Sea from the entrance of the Hellespont (now the Dardanelles) south to the Hermus River (now the Gediz River). It was named for the Aeolians, some of whom migrated there from Greece before 1000 BC. Aeolis was, however, an ethnological and linguistic enclave rather than a geographical unit. The district often was considered part of the larger northwest region of Mysia.

History
According to Homer's Odyssey, Odysseus, after his stay with the Cyclopes, reached the floating island of Aeolia, where Aeolus son of Hippotas provided him with the west wind Zephyrus.

By the 8th century BC the Aeolians' twelve most important cities were independent. They formed a league of twelve cities (a Dodecapolis): Cyme (also called Phriconis), Larissa, Neonteichos, Temnus, Cilla, Notion, Aegiroessa, Pitane, Aegae, Myrina, Gryneion, and Smyrna.

The most celebrated of the cities was Smyrna (modern Izmir, Turkey), but in 699 BC, Smyrna became part of an Ionian confederacy. This league or confederation, known as the Ionian League, also called the Panionic League, was formed at the end of the Meliac War in the mid-7th century BC.

Croesus, king of Lydia (reigned 560-546 BC), conquered the remaining cities. Later they were held successively by the Persians, Macedonians, Seleucids, and Pergamenes.

Attalus III, the last king of Pergamum, bequeathed Aeolis to the Roman Republic in 133 BC. Shortly afterwards it became part of the Roman province of Asia. At the partition of the Roman Empire (395 AD), Aeolis was assigned to the East Roman (Byzantine) empire and remained largely under Byzantine rule until the early 15th century, when the Ottoman Turks occupied the area.

Notable people

 * Autolycus of Pitane
 * Andriscus
 * Elias Venezis

title: Aeolis


text:
Lyle E. Littlefield Ornamentals Trial Garden

The  Lyle E. Littlefield Ornamentals Trial Garden (6.5 ha) is located on the University of Maine campus in Orono, Maine, United States. It consists of two parts: the Littlefield Garden, housing the permanent collection of woody and herbaceous ornamentals; and the Research Center dedicated to research. The Littlefield Garden is open to the public every day of the year.

Littlefield Garden was founded in the early 1960s by Lyle E. Littlefield, then Professor of Horticulture. Since then the Garden has collected over 2,500 woody and herbaceous plants, with special emphasis as follows: 210 crabapple varieties, 180 lilacs, 150 rhododendrons, and 35 magnolias.

The 15,000 square feet Roger Clapp Greenhouses are also located on the University of Maine campus. The greenhouses contain over 200 species of tropical and desert plant species from throughout the world.


text: User talk:24.8.190.44

title: User talk:24.8.190.44