text:
Linfen

Linfen is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Shanxi province, China, bordering Shaanxi province to the west. It is situated along the banks of the Fen River. It has an area of 20275 km2 and according to the 2020 Census, a population of 3,976,481 inhabitants of which 959,198 live in the built-up (or metro) area made up of Yaodu urban district. The GDP of Linfen ranked second in Shanxi Province. It was known as Pingyang during the Spring and Autumn period. In 2006, the American Blacksmith Institute listed Linfen as one of the ten most polluted cities in the world.

Prior to 1978, Linfen was famous for its spring water, greenery and rich agriculture and therefore nicknamed "The Modern Fruit and Flower Town". Since then it has been developing into a main industrial center for coal mining, which has significantly damaged the city's environment, air quality, farming, health and its previous status as a green village.

Name
Linfen is named for the Fen River. Its former names include Jin, Jinzhou(晋州), and Pingyang.

History
Chinese archeologists have claimed that legendary ruler Yao's capital was located in Linfen, a confirmation of local legend responsible for the name of the city's Yaodu District. So, Linfen city is the earliest capital of China.

The area was the center of the marchland and duchy of Jin, named for the Jin River. The duchy collapsed in the 4th century BC but gave its name to a Chinese princely title used as the dynastic name of the Sima clan. Jin Prefecture was centered on the town, which took its name as Jin and Jinzhou. Later, it was renamed Pingyang Commandery, which was also adapted as the name for its chief town. The Xiongnu emperor of Former Zhao Liu Cong made Pingyang his residence in the fourth century. "He kept court at Pingyang in [Shanxi] and ruled over central and southern [Shanxi], over [Shaanxi] (except for the Han basin), northern [Henan] (except for Kaifeng), southern [Hebei], and northern [Shandong]." In the 10th century, the city's walls were considered "fortified beyond approach".

In the 1980s, Linfen was nicknamed "The Modern Fruit and Flower Town".

Geography
Linfen is located in the southwestern part of Shanxi, on the lower reaches of the Fen River, bounded by Changzhi and Jincheng to the east, the Yellow River to the west (which also forms the border with Shaanxi), Jinzhong and Lüliang to the north, and Yuncheng to the south. The prefecture ranges in latitude from 35° 23′ N to 36° 37′ N, spanning 170 km, and in longitude from 110° 22′ E to 112° 34′ E, spanning 200 km. In all, the city's administrative area, at 20275 km2, covers 13% of the province's area.

Within its borders Linfen City has a variety of topographical features. It is characterised as having a "U" shape, with its mountains, covering 29.2% of the prefectural area, on all four cardinal directions, a basin, the Linfen Basin (临汾盆地), covering 19.4%, in the middle, and intervening hills, covering 51.4%, in between. In the east, from north to south, are Mount Huo (霍山) and the Zhongtiao Mountains; in the west are the Lüliang Mountains, with elevations mostly above 1000 m. The highest point in the prefecture is the main peak of Mount Huo, at 2347 m, and the lowest is in Xiangning County, at 385 m. Important rivers in the area include the Yellow, Fen, Xinshui (昕水河), Qin (沁河), Hui (浍河), E (鄂河), and Qingshui Rivers (清水河).

The whole prefecture-level city features a great variety of terrain. The city itself sits in a basin, which aggravates the pollution.

Climate
Linfen has a continental, monsoon-influenced semi-arid climate (Köppen BSk), with moderately cold, but dry winters, and hot, somewhat humid summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −2.0 °C in January to 26.6 °C in July, and the annual mean is 12.6 °C. The annual precipitation stands at 455.1 mm, with close to 70% of this total falling from June to September. The frost-free period lasts on average 190 days per year. Extreme temperatures have ranged from −23.1 °C to 42.3 °C.

Pollution
China's rapid industrialization and urbanization beginning in the 1990s (see opening of China) led to increased energy demand causing a dramatic increase in the price of coal. This led to a rapid expansion of loosely regulated private mines. Mining, cooking, smelting and other heavy industries which developed around the city have led to catastrophic environmental damage.

In 2006, the Blacksmith Institute included Linfen in its annual "10 worst" report, calling the city the most polluted city in China. It has also been listed as one of the world's ten dirtiest cities by the Popular Science website. The city has ranked at the bottom of the World Bank's air quality rankings.

From its low point, in 2004, with only fifteen days out of the year with an acceptable level of air pollution, the environmental situation has improved. After a series of negative reports on the extreme level of pollution in the city, efforts were made to clean up Linfen. Substandard mines were closed. Coal trucks were kept from entering the city, resulting in much less coal dust. The city has also switched much of its heating source from coal to gas. 197 large coal-fired boilers and more than 600 smaller boilers were decommissioned. As of 2007, 85% of population used natural gas rather than coal for their heating. The State Environmental Protection Agency (SEPA) has forced many of the less-efficient smaller factories to close and enforced stricter standards for larger factories including mandating the installation of sulfur scrubbers.

Since 2006, the government has taken a series of measures to modify industrial structure and economic development mode. Relevant policies was issued such as emission thresholds of industrial pollution. Over the last few years the Ministry of Environmental Protection has been closely monitoring Linfen's environment conditions. While the China Youth Daily reported in 2014 that Linfen was experiencing the great change from the "most polluted city" to "model city of environmental protection", other sources suggest that little progress has been made in combating pollution. In 2018, the Chinese government openly criticized the city's failure to meet pollution targets, and a 2019 report by the Chinese Ministry of Ecology and Environment found that the city's air pollution was the worst among the 168 cities the ministry monitored. Following the report, the city's government ordered further pollution controls for the city's industry.

Administrative divisions
The prefecture-level city of Linfen is divided in one district, two cities and fourteen counties. The information here presented uses the metric system and data from 2010 Census.

Tourism
Linfen prefecture is home to several notable tourist attractions including the Hukou Waterfall which is the largest waterfall on the Yellow River and the second largest in China. Hukou Waterfall is located 150 km west of Linfen city in Jinshan Gorge.

Other attractions are mostly located in Hongtong county. Most notable among these is Guangsheng Temple, built in 147 CE. Located in the upper Guangsheng temple is the Feihong Pagoda, the largest and best preserved glazed Chinese pagoda. Also in Hongtong county is the Susan Prison (苏三监狱), a restored Ming dynasty prison made famous by the Peking opera play (玉堂春). It is Chinese oldest surviving prison. Dahuaishu Ancestor Memorial Garden is a major shown for the mandatory population migration (aka Hongwu great migration, 洪武大移民) in early Ming Dynasty.

Demographics
Linfen recorded a population of approximately 4,508,400 people as of 2019, an increase of 80,100 from 2018. The city reported 2,414,700 urban residents, and 2,093,700 rural residents, giving the city a 53.56% urbanization rate. There are 28 ethnic minorities in Linfen with a population exceeding 10,000 people: the Hui, the Manchu, the Tujia, Mongols, the Miao, the Zhuang, Koreans, the Yi, the Buyi, the Bai, Uyghurs, the Mulao, the She, Tibetans, the Li, the Dong, the Yao, Tajiks, the Gelao, the Daur, the Lahu, the Wa, the Hani, the Tu, the Xibo, the Lisu, the Qiang, and the Jingpo.

Economy
As of 2019, the city reported a GDP of 145.26 billion Renminbi. Linfen's primary sector makes up 7.1% of the city's GDP, the secondary sector contributes 43.3% of the city's GDP, and the tertiary sector makes up 49.6% of the city's GDP.

Industry
Linfen has rich mineral resources including coal, iron ore, copper, and lead. Hedong Coal Field, Huoxi Coal Field and Qinshui Coal Field together comprise 62.9 billion tons of coal reserves. Iron ore reserves exceed 420 million tons. Coal mining and dressing, coking, metallurgy, non-ferrous metal smelting, and chemicals are the principle industries.

After a World Bank report in 2006 called Linfen "the most polluted city in the world", the local government began closing a number of mines and factories, costing the city's economy $300 million in 2007 alone. A number of industries also refitted their facilities to track and reduce pollution. The city's economy stagnated in the following years.

Air
Linfen Yaodu Airport, in Yaodu district, was built in 1958 and closed in 1965. The airport has been under renovation since September 2010 and started operation in January 2016.

Railway
Linfen railway station, in Yaodu district, was built in 1935 on the important southern Tongpu railway.

Linfen West railway station, in Yaodu district, was built in 2014. It is on the Datong–Xi'an high-speed railway. From this station, passengers can go to Beijing, Xi'an, Taiyuan and Shijiazhuang directly.

Road

 * China National Highway 108
 * China National Highway 309
 * G5 Beijing–Kunming Expressway
 * G22 Qingdao–Lanzhou Expressway

Education

 * Shanxi Normal University(山西师范大学)

title: Linfen


text:
Daria O'Neill

Daria Eliuk ( Eckhardt; born April 26, 1971), also known professionally as Daria O'Neill, is an American radio and television personality and an entertainer based in Portland, Oregon, United States. With a background in theatre, she is known for her irreverent humor. Eliuk has also starred in local theatre productions and emceed various events. She currently hosts a podcast titled Radio Free Daria.

Early life and media career
Born Daria Eckhardt on April 26, 1971, in Tipton, Iowa, and raised in Wyoming and Montana, Eliuk is a graduate with a degree in theatre from Portland's Reed College. She held jobs as a lifeguard at the Multnomah Athletic Club and as a teacher's aide at Wilson High School before she switched to a career in radio and began using "O Neill" as a stage name. She was a co-host with Mike Chase on the morning show Mike and Daria and later with Bill Prescott following Chase's departure at KNRK in Portland from April 1997 through October 2003.

She gained further prominence as the weather woman on KRCW from 1998 to 2000. In 2000, Eliuk earned a "Best Use of Breasts in a Weather Forecast" nod in the local weekly newspaper Willamette Week's annual "Best of Portland" issue. Her additional work in Portland television includes anchoring Entertainment Zone on KPDX from 2004 to 2006.

In November 2003, she joined The Afternoon Buzz With Dr. Doug, Daria and Skippy, a radio program at KRSK in Portland. In 2007, Dr. Doug and Skippy departed to host their own morning show on another station. Daria remained at KRSK and brought Mitch Elliott, a popular DJ from Seattle, on board along with producer Ted Douglass, creating The Afternoon Buzz With Daria, Mitch and Ted. The program helped her earn honors including four consecutive "Portland's Favorite Radio Personality" awards.

One of Eiluk's signature features was "Daria's Local Entertainment Guide," which she wrote herself. The daily segment mixed information about Portland area events and attractions with reminiscences from her youth and college days in addition to trivia and historical anecdotes. Material from the Entertainment Guide was later released on compact disc with proceeds going to the Dove Lewis Animal Hospital.

In 2016, Eliuk left her show at KRSK to return to KNRK to co-host Alternative Afternoons with Gustav and Daria. In August 2017, the station's parent company, Entercom, opted not to renew her contract. She launched the podcast Radio Free Daria in October 2018 and continues to write fiction and appear at Portland area events.

Other work
Eiluk appeared in productions of Down South in 2002 and Bad Dates in 2005 staged by Triangle Productions. She has also modeled for Willamette Week and hosted the paper's annual political event Candidates Gone Wild in 2004 along with activist Steve Novick and others. She introduced a concert during the Salem public library's "World of Music at the Library" series in 2006. She also starred in the 2006 short film Room to Breathe with Everclear singer Art Alexakis. Eliuk has also performed several times over the years with The 3rd Floor, a sketch comedy troupe.

In addition to stage, radio and television, Eliuk has also made appearances in the realm of comics and fantasy fandom. In 2008, she took on the role of Wonder Woman for "Wonder Woman Day," a fundraiser for domestic violence services. Also in 2008, she performed the live vocal parts for both Lois Lane and Superman's mother, Lara, in The Superman Orchestra, a production at Portland's Hollywood Theater. She has also appeared at comic book shows and other fantasy events while dressed in-character.

Personal life
Eliuk married Portland LumberJax goalie Dallas Eliuk on December 31, 2007. The couple welcomed their first child, Alexander Charles Eliuk, on May 26, 2009.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Daria O'Neill


text:
User talk:204.38.4.80

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Removed inadvertent insertion of "Identity fraud" into word "election".

error question response at HelpDesk
See Help_desk/Archives/2018_May_18. 204.38.4.80 (talk) 22:50, 25 May 2018 (UTC)

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title: User talk:204.38.4.80


text: User:Free JoeM

title: User:Free JoeM


text:
Malcolm Pryce

Malcolm Pryce (born 1960) is a British author, mostly known for his noir detective novels.

Biography
Born in Shrewsbury, England, Pryce moved at the age of nine to Aberystwyth, where he later attended Penglais Comprehensive School before leaving to do some travelling. After working in a variety of jobs, including BMW assembly-line worker in Germany, hotel washer-up, "the world's worst aluminium salesman" and deckhand on a yacht in Polynesia, Pryce became an advertising copywriter in London and Singapore. He is currently resident in Oxford.

Writing career
Pryce writes in the style of Raymond Chandler and has been labelled "the king of Welsh noir". His Aberystwyth Noir novels are incongruously set on the rainswept streets of an alternate universe version of the Welsh seaside resort and university town of Aberystwyth. The hero of these novels is Louie Knight, the best private detective in Aberystwyth (also the only private detective in Aberystwyth), who battles crime organised by the local Druids, investigates the strange case of the town's disappearing youths, and gets involved in its burgeoning film industry, which produces What The Butler Saw movies.

Pryce has also written The Case of the 'Hail Mary' Celeste and Aberystwyth Noir - It Ain't Over till the Bearded Lady Sings, a BBC Radio 4 Afternoon Drama, first broadcast on 15 May 2013, featuring Louie Knight and produced and directed by Kate McAll.

Aberystwyth noir

 * Aberystwyth Mon Amour, 2001, Bloomsbury Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7475-5786-9
 * Last Tango in Aberystwyth, 2003, Bloomsbury Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7475-6676-2
 * The Unbearable Lightness of Being in Aberystwyth, 2005, Bloomsbury Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7475-7894-9
 * Don't Cry for Me Aberystwyth, 2007, Bloomsbury Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7475-8016-4
 * From Aberystwyth with Love, 2009, Bloomsbury Publishing, ISBN 978-0-7475-9519-9
 * The Day Aberystwyth Stood Still, 2011, Bloomsbury Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4088-1025-5
 * A Streetcar Named Aberystwyth, 2024, Zoo of Words, ISBN 978-1068639807

The Case Files of Jack Wenlock, Railway Detective

 * The Case of the 'Hail Mary' Celeste, 2015, Bloomsbury Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4088-5193-7
 * The Corpse in the Garden of Perfect Brightness, 2020, Bloomsbury Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4088-9529-0

This author should not be confused with a different author of the same name, who has written the following books:
 * A Dragon to Agincourt, 2003, Y Lolfa, ISBN 978-0-86243-684-1
 * With Madog to the New World, 2005, Y Lolfa, ISBN 978-0-86243-758-9

title: Malcolm Pryce


text:
Tsurumi rail accident

The Tsurumi rail accident (鶴見事故) occurred on November 9, 1963, between Tsurumi and Shin-Koyasu stations on the Tōkaidō Main Line in Yokohama, Japan, about 30 km south of Tokyo, when two passenger trains collided with a derailed freight train, killing 162 people.

As of 2024, the disaster remains the second deadliest train crash to occur in Japan, behind the Hachikō Line derailment.

Accident
The 43rd wagon (type WaRa 1) of a long freight train hauled by a JNR Class EF15 electric locomotive on the down freight line derailed and the two following wagons overturned, blocking the adjacent up passenger line. Within seconds, a 12-carriage electric multiple unit (EMU) train traveling to Tokyo collided with the freight wagons and the front three carriages (KuHa 76039, MoHa 70079 and KuMoHa 50006 respectively) derailed, falling into the side of the fourth and fifth carriages of another 12-carriage train to Kurihama passing on the down passenger line. The multiple collision left 161 dead and 120 injured.

Investigation
The initial JNR investigation found that the speed of the freight train (60 km/h) was not excessive, nor were any problems found with the line or rolling stock. For five years from 1967 until 1972, the RTRI carried out tests on a test track located at Karikachi Pass in Hokkaido on an abandoned alternative route of the Nemuro Main Line (Shintoku - Niinai) using the same rails and rolling stock and found that the combination of wheelset design, rail cross section and wear, and track geometry all had a role in the derailment. As a result of the investigation, the old method of static track inspection was replaced with new track inspection cars employing dynamic inspection methods and data collection.

Similar accidents

 * Beresfield train collision
 * Clapham Junction rail crash
 * Southall rail crash

title: Tsurumi rail accident


text:
Lochee

Lochee is an area in the west of Dundee, Scotland. Until the 19th century, it was a separate town, but was eventually surrounded by the expanding Dundee. It is notable for being home to Camperdown Works, which was the largest jute production site in the world.

History

'Lochee' originally referred to the area in which weavers' cottages were situated at the burn which flowed through Balgay Lochee; thus, they were at the eye of the loch or Loch E'e, which eventually became Lochee. It is believed this site is close to where Myrekirk stands today. Indeed, John Ainslie's map of 1794 makes reference to 'Locheye' on the north and south banks of the burn. However, G. Taylor and A. Skinner's 'Survey and maps of the roads of North Britain or Scotland' in 1776 makes reference to 'Lochee'.

When the loch was drained by the Duncans in the 15th century they offered crofting tenancies along the burn. One of the tenancies went to a Dutchman, James Cox and his family. After a change of name and with a reputation for quality linen, the Cox family eventually set up as linen merchants in 1700.

By 1760 the firm had 300 weavers and after using steam power and moving into the jute industry the family built Camperdown Works in 1864, said to be the largest factory in the world, with over 5,000 employees. Cox’s Stack, the 86 m (282 ft) high campanile-style factory chimney designed by local architect James MacLaren, survives. Lochee became a company town with 2 railway stations, police force, fire service, schools, swimming pool, casino, library, washhouse and several churches.

In 1890, the Cox Brothers donated a 25 acre public park to Lochee.

Immigration
Many immigrants were attracted to the area by the prospect of employment in the city's jute mills. By 1855, there were 14,000 Irish immigrants in Dundee, most of whom stayed in Lochee, or 'Little Tipperary' as it would come to be known. In 1904, the Lochee Harp football club was formed by Lochee Irishmen as a means of recreation for the poor immigrants; the club still plays to this day.

Lochee is still regarded as Dundee's Irish 'quarter'.

Notable Lochee residents
See also Category:People from Lochee

 * George Barnes, politician
 * Henry Bradley, cattle driver (Canada), Boxer and wine importer
 * W. Lindsay Cable, book Illustrator for Punch and Enid Blyton was born in Lochee
 * William Cooper, ship captain, politician (Prince Edward Island)
 * James Crabb, classical musician
 * John Duncan, footballer
 * William Eassie, railway contractor and manufacturer of prefabricated wooden buildings
 * Robert Fleming, banker
 * George Galloway, politician
 * Frank Gilfeather, journalist, broadcaster and author
 * Sir Alexander Gray, poet
 * James 'Napper' Thomson, Businessman
 * Michael Marra, musician

Demographics
Lochee | Scotland

 * Total Population (2011)	5218	| 5,254,800
 * % children (2011)	17.63%	| 17.38%
 * % working age (2011)	58.49	| 62.79%
 * % pensionable age (2011)	23.88%	| 19.83%
 * % income deprived (2005, Barl 2012)	27%	| 14%
 * % 16-24 year olds claiming Jobseeker’s Allowance (2012 Q4)	16.2%	| 5.70%
 * % 25-49 year olds claiming Jobseeker’s Allowance (2012 Q4)	13.7%	| 4.20%
 * % 50-64 year olds claiming Jobseeker’s Allowance (2012 Q4)	4.6%	| 2.10%
 * % working age who are employment deprived (2008)	25%	| 12%
 * % 16-24 year olds claiming Key Benefits (2012 Q4)	29.2%	| 12.70%
 * % 25-49 year olds claiming Key Benefits (2012 Q4)	37.6%	| 15.40%
 * % 50-64 year olds claiming Key Benefits (2012 Q4)	32.1%	| 19%
 * Est. % prescribed drugs for anxiety, depression or psychosis (2004)	12%	| 8%
 * Number of SIMD crimes per 10000 (2007/08)	697
 * % people within 0–500 metres of any Derelict site (2012)	91.6%	| 30.90%

title: Lochee


text:
Talk:Kamień Pomorski

Alternate Names
Why remove the German names Kammin & Cammin? Kamień Pomorski was an influential Pomeranian diocese in the northeastern Holy Roman Empire and was frequently known by the German names at the time. Olessi

title: Talk:Kamień Pomorski


text: Category:Poor Clares

title: Category:Poor Clares


text: User talk:212.23.25.239

title: User talk:212.23.25.239


text:
Talk:Francis Seow

Untitled
Even though I think it is not neutral, far worse is that fact that it is a poorly written entry. Victortan 15:52, 1 December 2005 (UTC)

Keeps asserting a certain dialogue with little elaboration, not neutral. Even though I detest the PAP myself, the way the article presents the facts would turn any reader off.

i think without any sources and references it is problematic Chensiyuan 23:43, 3 March 2006 (UTC)

Unrelated content
I suggest that we remove the section Alleged influence on America and perhaps move it to another article(perhaps the developmental state)? Aside of this, I think it does not quote any sources and therefore is highly suspect. --Ghormax 13:29, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

Since when is Francis Yeow OXBRIDGE and HARVARD educated?? I doubt he did his degrees in Oxford and Cambridge.

I agree that "Alleged influence on America" is best omitted since it has little relevance.--K.J. 20:26, 17 April 2006 (UTC)

 * I cleaned up the influence section a bit and tried to make it less blatantly contentious, but it's still far from balanced. I agree that it's not all that relevant either, it seems like someone just shoehorned it in so they could gripe about Republicans. If no one comes up with a good reason to keep it within the next few days, I say it should go. -- Colm O'Brien 17:49, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

I think the Francis Seow entry needs to be cleaned up but it should stay - it's an important small part of the bigger topic area ("political dissidents in Singapore")  - dg, 23:12,  7 May 2006

Category:Singaporean tax evaders vs. Category:Purported Singaporean tax evaders
Were there a Category:Purported Singaporean tax evaders this might belong, but not to Category:Singaporean tax evaders. — Robert Greer (talk) 02:26, 10 February 2009 (UTC)

Reclassified as start

 * This article has been reclassified as a start due to its level of detail. Capitalistroadster (talk) 02:02, 22 January 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Francis Seow


text:
Bălan

Bălan (Kupferbergwerk; Balánbánya, ) is a town in Harghita County, Transylvania, Romania. It has historically been one of Transylvania and Romania's most important centers for copper mining, but its mines are no longer operational. Its Romanian name means "blond", the German name means "copper mine" while the Hungarian name means "Balán mine".

Geography
The town lies in the Ciuc Depression (Romanian Depresiunea Ciucului, Csíki-medence). It is surrounded by the Hășmaș Mountains (Hășmașul Mare and Hășmașul Mic). The town's altitude is 850 m; this rises to 1792 m at the highest peak of the Hășmaș Mountains. Bălan is crossed by the Olt River.

Climate
The temperate continental climate has an average temperature of 7 C, falling to -10 C in winter. There are 1,300–1,400 sunny hours per year. Wind gusts are rare due to the surrounding mountains and forests.

Flora, fauna, and funga
Most of the forests around Bălan are spruce forests, but there are also fir, larch and maple forests. There are some flowers species in the area like edelweiss and sweet pea which are protected by law. In the forests there are some edible mushrooms species and fruits like blueberries, raspberries and cranberries.

Demographics
According to the census from 2011, Bălan had a population of 5,864, of which 3,625 (61.82%) were Romanians and 2,124 (36.22%) were Hungarians. At the 2021 census, the town had a population of 5,414.

History
Bălan was the site of iron mining during the 17th century, but by 1702 the iron stores had been depleted. The copper deposits were discovered in 1785 by János Opra; production began in 1803, and by 1853 six mines were in operation. From that period, the village gradually began to develop into a town. Until 1967, Bălan remained part of the commune of Sândominic, finally gaining official town status in 1968. In 2006 all mining-related activities were stopped by the Romanian government and nowadays the city is counting on ecotourism and small businesses as main economical activities.

Points of interest
Bălan's main architectural site is the Roman Catholic Church, consecrated in 1869. Despite the environmental blight of the mining, the surrounding area is uncommonly beautiful, taking in the nearby mountains of Hășmașul Mare and Tarcău, the former a popular hiking destination. The river Olt, one of Romania's most significant, originates in the mountains near the town.

title: Bălan


text:
Pilar Primo de Rivera

María del Pilar Primo de Rivera y Sáenz de Heredia, 1st Countess of the Castle of La Mota (4 November 1907 – 17 March 1991) was the sister of José Antonio Primo de Rivera, founder of the Falange, a political movement of Spain, and the daughter of Spanish dictator General Miguel Primo de Rivera, 2nd Marquis of Estella.

She was an enthusiastic member of the Falange, heading its Sección Femenina ("Women's Section"). Unlike two of her brothers (both put to death by the Republicans), she survived the Spanish Civil War, during which she met Adolf Hitler, Benito Mussolini, and Antonio Salazar. She attempted to prevent reprisals being taken against the widows of Republican militants, and supported the ascent of King Juan Carlos I in 1975, but was disappointed when the paternalist system – the Spanish State – was dismantled during the Spanish transition to democracy.

Pilar became president of the Association of Sección Femenina Veterans in November 1977, and held the post until her death. The main seat of the association was at the Castle of La Mota.

In addition to her political duties, Pilar carried out a good deal of work compiling numerous different forms of Spanish folklore, specially in the fields of regional music and dances.

She never married. Fascist pioneer Ernesto Giménez Caballero conceived the idea of arranging a marriage between her and Adolf Hitler, but this plan never came to fruition due to Hitler's relationship with Eva Braun. Primo de Rivera commented in her memoirs that the idea made her feel flattered and happy.

title: Pilar Primo de Rivera


text:
Robert Bradford (Northern Irish politician)

Robert Jonathan Bradford (8 June 1941 – 14 November 1981) was a Methodist Minister and a Vanguard Unionist and Ulster Unionist Member of Parliament for the Belfast South constituency in Northern Ireland until his assassination by the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) on 14 November 1981.

Early life and footballer
Robert Jonathan Bradford was born on 8 June 1941 to a Belfast family who were resident in Limavady, County Londonderry, due to the wartime evacuation. Bradford's father left the family not long after his birth and his mother died so he was raised by foster parents. A talented footballer, Bradford signed for Glenavon F.C. as a teenager and his displays soon attracted the attentions of the English side Sheffield Wednesday F.C., who invited him to a trial. However, Bradford was not signed by the club and returned to Northern Ireland to resume his career with the then Belfast-based club Distillery.

Religion
Bradford gave up football in 1964, after deciding to train to become a Methodist minister. After spending the rest of the 1960s attached to congregations in East Belfast and Fivemiletown, Bradford was fully ordained in 1970 and given his own parish in the Suffolk area of southwest Belfast. Bradford later resigned from the Methodist ministry in the late 1970s after feeling that he and his fellow ministers were on divergent paths both politically and ecumenically. In October 1973 Bradford paid for a frontpage advertisement in the News Letter condemning dialogue with "Roman apostates". Several fellow Methodist ministers criticised Bradford, pointing out that the decision to engage in dialogue with the Catholic Church had been taken at the Methodist Conference in June following an open debate. At the annual conference of the Methodist church in Ireland in 1974 Bradford accused President Harold Sloan of "abuse and prostitution" after Sloan castigated politicians who threatened civil war, aroused passions, and used the Bible as justification for violence. Bradford resigned from the Methodist Church a month later, in July 1974. Bradford would spend the final years of his life without a church. During these years he came to spend time in the 'Bible belt' of the US and became associated with American Evangelicalism. Nevertheless, Bradford claimed to always remain at heart a Methodist and also rejected suggestions that he was to join Ian Paisley's Free Presbyterian Church (which he never did).

Political career
Bradford first became involved with unionism in 1971 when he joined the Orange Order. From here he became more involved in the political side of the movement and stood as a candidate for the Vanguard Progressive Unionist Party in the 1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election in South Antrim, although he was not elected. Bradford was first elected as Member of Parliament for South Belfast in the February 1974 British general election, this time under the banner of the United Ulster Unionist Council (an alliance between the Vanguard, the Democratic Unionist Party and the anti-Brian Faulkner section of the Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) under Harry West), defeating the sitting MP Rafton Pounder, a pro-Faulkner Ulster Unionist. Bradford was described in media following his election as a "hardline loyalist". His campaign had been openly supported by the far-right National Front, and at a National Front rally in September 1974, Martin Webster read out a letter of solidarity from Bradford. Bradford was opposed to power-sharing with the Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) as set out in the Sunningdale Agreement, describing the proposal as "sheer madness".

Bradford greatly increased his majority in the October election, after Pounder dropped out, and largely maintained this increased majority in 1979. Between 1974 and 1978 he sat for the Vanguard Party until in February 1978 he joined the UUP (then often called the Official Unionist Party), along with Vanguard leader Bill Craig and most of the membership. He was re-elected in 1979 for the UUP.

In January 1980 Bradford called for IRA members captured by British security forces to be summarily executed as "saboteurs and spies".

He was described as a religious and political hardliner, identifying with British Israelism. In one of his speeches he said the causes of the problems in Northern Ireland were down to the Roman Catholic Church, Marxism, and ecumenical confusion.

Death

Bradford was killed by three IRA members, one of them carrying a sub-machine gun, on 14 November 1981. He was hosting a political surgery in a community centre in Finaghy, Belfast. Kenneth Campbell, the 29-year-old Protestant caretaker in the centre, was killed at the front door by the first outburst of gunfire. An RUC bodyguard was then held at gunpoint, while Bradford was shot several times. As the IRA unit got away, the RUC constable fired three shots at the car they were riding in.

Secretary of State Jim Prior was verbally abused and jostled by a group of angry loyalists outside the church at his funeral and hissed at by members of the congregation. Ian Paisley also protested against his attendance.

Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald made an expression of sympathy in the Irish parliament Dáil Éireann stating:

I would like to refer to the brutal murder, by the Provisional IRA, of the Reverend Robert Bradford, MP in Belfast on Saturday last. His death and that of Mr. Ken Campbell, caretaker at the Finaghy Community Centre, are part of a calculated series of atrocities committed in recent days. I know that all the people we represent share the sense of sorrow, anger and outrage widely felt in Northern Ireland at present.

The killing of an elected representative of the people calls for particular condemnation in the strongest possible terms and serves to remind us of the real objectives of the organisation responsible. The IRA has once again shown its utter contempt for human life and for the democratic process which it has recently sought to distort for its own ends. Its true attitude to democracy and freedom was summed up in a recent statement of an IRA spokesman who, when asked by an interviewer for a foreign newspaper about the wishes of the people in this part of the country concerning an aspect of reunification, replied, "We call the shots. We don't really give a damn what they want".

The IRA described him as "one of the key people responsible for winding up the loyalist paramilitary sectarian machine", a "propagator of anti-Catholic sectarian hatred", and "a prominent motivator of attacks on Catholics". A number of Catholics were killed by loyalists in retaliation. Years later, it was revealed that the security services had been warned three days before Bradford's death about the IRA plot to assassinate him, but did nothing to prevent it, leading to the claim that they were protecting the life of informers within the IRA.

His seat was won by Martin Smyth, also of the UUP, in a by-election in 1982.


text:
National Bridge Inventory

The National Bridge Inventory (NBI) is a database, compiled by the Federal Highway Administration, with information on all bridges and tunnels in the United States that have roads passing above or below them. That is similar to the grade-crossing identifier number database, compiled by the Federal Railroad Administration, which identifies all railroad crossings. The bridge information includes the design of the bridge and the dimensions of the usable portion. The data is often used to analyze bridges and to judge their condition. The inventory is developed for the purpose of having a unified database for bridges to ensure the safety of the traveling public, as required by the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1968. It includes identification information, bridge types and specifications, operational conditions, bridge data including geometric data and functional description, and inspection data. Any bridge more than 20 ft (6 m) long used for vehicular traffic is included.

Description
Identification information addresses the bridge location uniquely, classifies the type of the routes carried out on and/or under the structure, and locates the bridge within the spatial location. Each bridge is given a number by the highway department of the respective state or agency that maintains the bridge. The method of assigning numbers differs from one state to the next but provides a unique number for each bridge in the state.

The bridge inventory is developed for having a unified database for bridges, including the identification information; bridge types and specifications; operational conditions; and bridge data including geometric data, functional description, inspection data, etc. Bridge type and specifications classify the type of the bridge. That part provides defined standard categories for classification of the bridges. It also identifies the material of the bridge components, deck, and deck surface. Operational conditions provide information about the age of the structure and construction year, rehabilitation year, type of services and traffic carried over, and/or under the structure number of the lanes over and/or under the bridges, average daily traffic, average daily truck traffic and information regarding to bypass, detours. Furthermore, the bridge inventory contains information regarding to inspection data, ratings assigned by inspectors, and appraisal results.

Condition ratings
The NBI includes a structural evaluation of deck, superstructure, substructure, and culvert on a 0-9 scale:

Code "N" (NOT APPLICABLE) is used for item 62 (culvert rating) when the structure is a bridge or for items 58, 59, and 60 (deck, superstructure rating, substructure rating, and respectively) when the structure is a (bridge length, i.e. 20 ft) culvert.

The term "functionally obsolete" has been removed from published NBI data, as it is no longer tracked. Prior to 2016, the term was a collective designation for bridges ranked as a code 3 or lower.

The NBI can classify bridges as "structurally deficient," which means that the condition of the bridge includes a significant defect, which often means that speed or weight limits must be put on the bridge to ensure safety; a rating of 4 or lower on any of items 58, 59, 60, or 62 (deck, superstructure, substructure, and culverts, respectively) qualifies a bridge as "structurally deficient."

In December 2008, 72,868 bridges in the United States (12.1%) were categorized as "structurally deficient," representing an estimated $48 billion in repairs, and 89,024 (12.2%) were rated "functionally obsolete," representing an estimated $91 billion in replacement costs.

Some bridges are also identified as "fracture critical," which means that the failure of a single major tension member or member element will cause a significant portion or the entire bridge to collapse because of the lack of redundancy. Fracture critical designs can leave bridges vulnerable to collisions with ships or large trucks, as in the I-5 Skagit River Bridge collapse in 2013 and the Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse in 2024.

Issues and usage
The NBI was subjected to scrutiny and questions after new actions revealed that it might be outdated or inaccurate. Federal officials attempted to order emergency inspections of all steel truss bridges after a major bridge collapsed in Minneapolis in 2007. However, it was found that many records in the NBI were inaccurate or out of date.

The NBI is used for federal funding purposes. A "bridge sufficiency rating" is calculated, which is based 55% on the structural evaluation, 30% on the obsolescence of its design, and 15% on its importance to the public. As of 2008, a score of 80 or less is required for federal repair funding or 50 or less for federal replacement funding.

Since the NBI data is widely used by researchers and practitioners, the Federal Highway Administration made it available in 2021 in a relational database, Long-Term Bridge Performance (LTBP).

title: National Bridge Inventory


text:
Alessandro Battilocchio

Alessandro Battilocchio (born 3 May 1977 in Rome) is an Italian politician.

Biography
Battilocchio graduated in law from the LUISS Guido Carli and then in political science from La Sapienza University in Rome.

He served as Councilor for culture and youth policies at Tolfa in 1997. In 2001, at the age of 24, Battilocchio was elected mayor of Tolfa and remained in office until 2011.

In the European Parliament election of 2004 he was elected with the United Socialists for Europe and joined the EP group of Non-Inscrits. He was member of the Committee on Development and of the Committee on Petitions. He was a substitute for the Committee on Transport and Tourism, and a member of the delegation to the EU-Romania Joint Parliamentary Committee.

In 2007 he participated in the Socialist constituent assembly along with De Michelis and Del Bue. In the European Parliament election of 2009 he was candidate with Left and Freedom, but he was not re-elected. Subsequently, he left the Socialist Party (PSI) and re-joined the New Italian Socialist Party (NPSI).

In the European Parliament election of 2014 he was a candidate among the ranks of Forza Italia, but even on this occasion he was not elected. In the 2018 Italian general election he was elected Deputy in the uninominal constituency of Civitavecchia.

title: Alessandro Battilocchio


text:
User talk:Spankthecrumpet

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

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 * Explore, be bold in editing pages, and, most importantly, have fun!

Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 00:40, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)

Invisible graffiti
Why not just leave visible comments on people's talk pages instead? Most people watchlist their own user page, so they'll see your invisible graffiti there anyway, but not as quickly as if you post to their talk page, because a talk page post gives that user a "you have new messages" sign. It also provides them with a suitable place to reply to you.

If you want to create content that will last for a long time, just keep improving articles like you've done with Cullen or Boolean datatype. Write enough of these, and your prose may live forever.-gadfium 23:03, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Back Scratching Barnstar
Since it appeared to come out of nowhere, I moved your "Back Scratching Barnstar" into the Personal_user_awards space. You may want to read Barnstar_and_award_proposals to find out how to make your contribution 'official'. nae'blis (talk) 18:25, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

+/-
Is the character number difference. So if "hello" is added, it will be +5. - RoyBoy 800 18:59, 5 October 2005 (UTC)

February 2007
The recent edit you made to STS-116 constitutes vandalism, and has been reverted. If you are interested in contributing to the project, see the Introduction. However, please do not continue to vandalize, as you will be blocked from editing. Thanks – Qxz 02:26, 6 February 2007 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Spankthecrumpet


text:
Baltimore Symphony Orchestra

The Baltimore Symphony Orchestra (BSO) is an American symphony orchestra based in Baltimore, Maryland. The Baltimore SO has its principal residence at the Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall, where it performs more than 130 concerts a year. In 2005, it began regular performances at the Music Center at Strathmore in Bethesda.

The orchestra's current music director is Jonathon Heyward, since 2023. Marin Alsop, music director from 2007 to 2021, is currently the orchestra's music director laureate.

History
Founded in 1916, the Baltimore SO is the only major American orchestra originally established as a branch of the municipal government. Reorganized as a private institution in 1942, it maintains close relationships with the governments and communities of the city and surrounding counties, as well as with the State of Maryland.

The Baltimore SO's modern history dates from 1965, when Baltimore arts patron Joseph Meyerhoff became president of the Orchestra, a position he held for 18 years. Meyerhoff appointed Romanian-born conductor Sergiu Comissiona as music director. He was followed by David Zinman from 1985 to 1998, then Yuri Temirkanov from 2000 to 2006, then Alsop and now Heyward.

In September 2007, Alsop became the 12th music director of the Baltimore SO, having served as music director-designate for the 2006–2007 concert season. The 2005 announcement of her appointment caused controversy, over reports that the orchestra players stated that they had not had enough voice in the search process. The orchestra and Alsop met after the announcement and smoothed over some of their differences. Alsop's contract was subsequently extended in 2009 and in 2013. In February 2020, the Baltimore SO announced that Alsop is to conclude her music directorship of the orchestra at the close of the 2020–2021 season, and subsequently to take the title of music director laureate.

In 2016, the Baltimore SO appointed Tonya McBride Robles as vice president and general manager. In February 2017, Peter T. Kjome became president and chief executive officer (CEO) of the orchestra. During the summer of 2019, the orchestra musicians were locked out, where the labour problems under discussion included the continuing status of the orchestra as a 52-weeks-per-year ensemble. In September 2020, the most recent contract agreement between management and musicians affirmed the 52-weeks-per-year status of the musicians, with pay reductions in the wake of financial losses partly related to the COVID-19 pandemic. In April 2021, the orchestra announced that Kjome is to stand down as its president and CEO after the close of his contract in January 2022. In April 2022, the orchestra announced the appointment of Mark C. Hanson as its next president and chief executive officer, effective 21 April 2022.

In November 2020, the orchestra announced the appointment of James Conlon as its artistic advisor, effective with the 2021–2022 season, for a period of three seasons, an unusual appointment in that Conlon had not conducted the orchestra prior to this announcement. Conlon conducted his first concert with the orchestra in October 2021. The orchestra's current additional conducting staff is as follows:
 * Jack Everly: principal pops conductor
 * Jonathan Rush: assistant conductor
 * Wordsmith: artistic partner

In March 2022, Jonathon Heyward first guest-conducted the orchestra. He returned as guest conductor in April 2022 for a charity concert for Ukraine. In July 2022, the orchestra announced the appointment of Heyward as its next music director, effective with the 2023-2024 season, with an initial contract of 5 years. Heyward is the first conductor of colour to be named music director of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra.

Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall
The Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall has been the home of the Baltimore SO since its opening on September 16, 1982. Named for businessman and philanthropist Joseph Meyerhoff, the 2,443-seat hall has undergone renovations in 1990 and again in 2001.

The Music Center at Strathmore
The orchestra's second home is the 1,976-seat Music Center at Strathmore, located in North Bethesda, Maryland. With the opening of the Music Center at Strathmore in February 2005, the Baltimore Symphony became the nation's first orchestra with year-round venues in two metropolitan areas. As the founding partner and resident orchestra of the Music Center, the Baltimore SO presents 35 performances in the concert hall annually.

In addition to its Baltimore and Strathmore residencies, the orchestra regularly performs in Frederick, its longest continuing run-out concert series, as well as at Chesapeake College in Wye Mills.

Notable premieres
The Baltimore Symphony Orchestra has commissioned several works from American composers, which include:
 * Christopher Rouse: Symphony No. 1 (1988)
 * Steven Stucky: Son et lumière (1989)
 * Stephen Albert: Cello Concerto (1990)
 * John Harbison: Symphony No. 3 (1990)
 * Philip Glass: Overture for 2012 (2012)
 * John Adams: Saxophone Concerto (2013)
 * Jonathan Leshnoff: Guitar Concerto, written for guitarist Manuel Barrueco (2014)

Performances/tours
In 1987, the Baltimore SO and its then-music director David Zinman undertook a concert tour of Europe and the Soviet Union. The Baltimore SO was the first American orchestra in 11 years to tour the Soviet Union after cultural relations resumed towards the end of the Soviet war in Afghanistan. Under Zinman the orchestra made its first visits to Chicago and the Midwestern United States in 1990 and to East Asia] in 1994, with subsequent East Asia tours in 1997 and 2002. The Baltimore SO has often appeared at Carnegie Hall, including a February 2008 concert with the New York premiere of Steven Mackey's percussion concerto Time Release with soloist Colin Currie.

Community outreach
The Baltimore SO performs approximately 30 education concerts and open rehearsals each year for more than 60,000 area students in pre-school through 12th grade. Cornerstone initiatives include 'BSO on the Go', a program that brings small groups of Baltimore SO musicians into schools for interactive music education workshops at no cost to the schools, and 'Side-by-Side' concerts, which allow student musicians to rehearse and perform a full-length concert alongside Baltimore SO musicians. Rusty Musicians, a program geared towards adult amateur musicians, allows participants to join the Baltimore SO and perform under its conductor.

OrchKids
In May 2008, the Baltimore SO began OrchKids, an after-school program to provide music experience and education for youth in Baltimore City's low-income neighborhoods. In collaboration with community partners, it provides music education, instruments, meals and mentorship at no cost to the participants. OrchKids serves more than 400 students from pre-K through fifth grade at Lockerman Bundy Elementary School, New Song Academy, Mary Ann Winterling Elementary School and Highlandtown Elementary/Middle School. OrchKids maintains a faculty of 27 professional working/teaching musicians and academy classroom teachers. Business and community partners include Baltimore City Public Schools, The Peabody Institute, Baltimore School for the Arts, The Family League of Baltimore, University of Maryland Baltimore County and others. Lead funding support was provided by initial gifts of $100,000 from Marin Alsop and $1,000,000 from Rheda Becker and Robert Meyerhoff.

BSO Academy
The BSO Academy is an annual intensive week-long study program that helps amateur musicians improve the skills through learning and performance with the BSO and its conductor. The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation has provided leadership support for the BSO Academy since 2012.

Rusty Musicians
Geared towards adult amateur musicians, 'Rusty Musicians with the BSO' is a programme where for one evening, amateur musicians are invited to join members of the Baltimore SO on stage to rehearse and perform selected repertoire led by Marin Alsop. The first 'Rusty Musicians' event was at Strathmore in February 2010, with more than 400 amateur musicians participating. The program was repeated at Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall in September 2010 with nearly 300 adult amateur participants.

Youth Orchestra
The Baltimore Symphony Youth Orchestras (BSYO), formerly known as the Greater Baltimore Youth Orchestra, came under the umbrella of the Baltimore Symphony Orchestra in 2012. It is made up of three different ensembles, categorized by age group and experience: the String Orchestra (SO), the Concert Orchestra (CO), and the Youth Orchestra (YO). The BSYO performs at the Joseph Meyerhoff Symphony Hall and formerly performed at the George Washington Carver Center for Arts and Technology. The BSYO is led by artistic director Christopher Cicconi, who also conducts the Youth Orchestra. The String Orchestra is under the baton of Wesley Thompson, and the Concert Orchestra is conducted by James Woomert. The Philharmonic Orchestra (PO) was formed in 2024.

Broadcasts

 * XM Satellite Radio: Hosted by XM Classics 110 program director Martin Goldsmith, each program features a full-length BSO concert conducted by Marin Alsop, as well as behind-the-scenes interviews with Alsop and guest artists.
 * iTunes Clueless About Classical: Hosted by Marin Alsop, these podcasts take novice listeners behind-the-scenes with the BSO, exploring repertoire, composers, musical concepts and orchestra life.
 * NPR's Performance Today: Concerts broadcast across the U.S.
 * American Public Media's SymphonyCast: Concerts broadcast across the U.S.

Recordings

 * 1962: J.S. Bach: Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D; Glenn Gould, pianist. Private recording of a public performance. (Denon/Nippon Columbia, 1989)
 * 1980: Respighi: Feste Romane; Pini di Roma (Vanguard)
 * 1981: Saint-Saëns: Symphony No. 3 in C minor, "Organ" (Silverline)
 * 1982: Ravel: Alborada del gracioso; Rapsodie espagnole; Concerto in Piano Left Hand in D major, Leon Fleisher, piano (Vanguard)
 * 1984: Brahms (orchestrated/Schoenberg): Quartet for Piano Vox and Strings No. 1, op. 25, Vox
 * 1988: Berlioz: Overture to Benvenuto Cellini, op. 23; "Love Scene" from Roméo et Juliette; "Minuet of the Will-o'-the-Wisps" from The Damnation of Faust; "Dance of the Sylphs" from The Damnation of Faust; "Rakóczy March" from The Damnation of Faust; Le Corsaire Overture; "Trojan March" from Les Troyens; "Royal Hunt and Storm" from Les Troyens, Sylvia McNair, soprano; Richard Leech, tenor; Boys from the Choir of St. Michael and All Angels; Boys from the Choir of St. David's Episcopal Church; Baltimore Symphony Chorus (Telarc)
 * 1989: Elgar: Cockaigne; Variations on an Original Theme, op. 36; "Enigma Variations", Serenade for Strings; Salut d'amour; "Love's Greeting" (Telarc)
 * 1989++: Barber: Concerto for Cello and Orchestra; Britten: Symphony for Cello and Orchestra, Yo-Yo Ma, cello (Sony Classical)
 * 1990: Tchaikovsky: Concerto No. 1 for Piano and Orchestra Rachmaninoff: Rhapsody on a Theme of Paganini, Horacio Gutiérrez, piano (Telarc)
 * 1990: Tchaikovsky: Symphony No. 4; Romeo and Juliet Overture-Fantasy (Telarc)
 * 1990: Schumann: Symphony No. 1, "Spring", Symphony No. 4 (Telarc)
 * 1991: Stravinsky: The Firebird Suite (1919 version); Petrushka (1947 version); Fireworks (Telarc)
 * 1991: Michael Torke: Green; Purple; Ecstatic Orange; Ash; Bright Blue Music (Argo/London)
 * 1991: Berlioz: Roman Carnival Overture; Les Francs-Juges Overture; Symphonie fantastique (Telarc)
 * 1991: Schumann: Symphony No. 2; Symphony No. 3 ("Rhenish") (Telarc)
 * 1991: Britten: Diversions for Piano Left Hand and Orchestra; Laderman: Concerto for Orchestra, Leon Fleisher, piano (Phoenix USA)
 * 1992: Rachmaninoff: Symphony No. 2; "Vocalise"; Sylvia McNair, soprano (Telarc)
 * 1992: Barber: Adagio for Strings; Overture to The School for Scandal; First Essay for Orchestra; Music for a Scene from Shelley; Second Essay for Orchestra; Symphony No. 1 (Argo/London),
 * 1992: Elgar: Symphony No. 1; Pomp and Circumstance Military Marches Nos. 1 and 2 (Telarc)
 * 1992: Christopher Rouse: Symphony No. 1; Phantasmata (Nonesuch)
 * 1994: Rachmaninoff: Symphony No. 3; Symphonic Dances (Telarc)
 * 1994: Copland: Rodeo; El salón México; Danzón Cubano; Billy the Kid (Argo/London)
 * 1994+: Albert: Concerto for Cello and Orchestra; Bartók: Concerto for Viola and Orchestra; Bloch: Hebraic Rhapsody for Cello and Orchestra, "Schelomo", Yo-Yo Ma, cello (Sony Classical)
 * 1995: Glinka: Overture to Russlan and Ludmilla; Ippolitov-Ivanov: Caucasian Sketches; Rimsky-Korsakov: Russian Easter Overture; Tchaikovsky: Francesca da Rimini; "Polonaise" from Eugene Onegin, (Telarc)
 * 1995: Bernstein: "Mambo" from West Side Story; John Adams – The Chairman Dances; Aaron Jay Kernis – New Era Dance; David Schiff – Stomp; Libby Larsen – Collage-Boogie; John Harbison – Remembering Gatsby; Michael Torke – Charcoal; Robert Moran – Points of Departure; Dominick Argento – "Tango" from The Dream of Valentin; Michael Daugherty – Desi; Christopher Rouse – Bonham (Decca)
 * 1996: Michael Daugherty: Metropolis Symphony, Bizarro (Argo/London)
 * 1997: Gershwin: Concerto in F; Ravel: Piano Concerto in G major, Hélène Grimaud, piano (Erato Records)
 * 1997***: Barber: Violin Concerto; Bloch: Baal Shem; Walton: Violin Concerto, Joshua Bell, violin (Argo/London)
 * 1997: Bernstein: Candide overture, "Symphonic Dances" from West Side Story; Fancy Free, Facsimile (Argo/London)
 * 1998: John Tavener: The Protecting Veil; Wake Up...and Die, Yo-Yo Ma, cello (Sony Classical)
 * 1999**: Beethoven: Concerto for Violin and Orchestra in D major, Op. 61; Serenade for Solo Violin, Strings, Harp and Percussion, Hilary Hahn, violin (Sony Classical)
 * 2000: Adolphus Hailstork: Intrada; Done Made My Vow; An American Fanfare; I Will Lift Up Mine Eyes (NPR /BSO)
 * 2004: Ives: 'They are there!'; Three Places in New England; Holidays, Baltimore Symphony Chorus (Decca)
 * 2007: Stravinsky: The Rite of Spring (iTunes)
 * 2007: John Corigliano: Concerto for Violin and Orchestra, The Red Violin, Joshua Bell, violin (Sony Classical)
 * 2008: Dvořák: Symphony No. 9 in E minor, From the New World; Symphonic Variations (Naxos)
 * 2009*: Bernstein: Mass: A Theatre Piece for Singers, Players and Dancers (Naxos)
 * 2009: Mark O'Connor: Americana Symphony; Variations on Appalachia Waltz (OMAC Records)
 * 2010: Dvořák: Symphony No. 6 in D major; Nocturne in B major, Scherzo capriccioso (Naxos)
 * 2010: Dvořák's Symphony No. 7 in D minor; Symphony No. 8 in G major (Naxos)
 * 2010: Gershwin: Rhapsody in Blue; Concerto in F major, Jean-Yves Thibaudet, piano (Decca)
 * 2012: Bartók: Music for Strings, Percussion and Celesta; Concerto for Orchestra (Naxos)
 * 2012: Mahler: Symphony No. 1, Titan (Naxos)
 * 2017: Prokofiev: Romeo and Juliet (Naxos)

(*2010 Grammy Nominee) (**2000 Grammy Nominee) (***1998 Grammy Nominee) (+1995 Two-time Grammy Award Winner) (++1990 Grammy Award Winner)

Music directors

 * Gustav Strube (1917–1930)
 * George Siemonn (1930–1935)
 * Ernest Schelling (1935–1937)
 * Werner Janssen (1937–1939)
 * Howard Barlow (1939–1942)
 * Reginald Stewart (1942–1952)
 * Massimo Freccia (1952–1959)
 * Peter Herman Adler (1959–1968)
 * Sergiu Comissiona (1969–1984)
 * David Zinman (1985–1998)
 * Yuri Temirkanov (1999–2006)
 * Marin Alsop (2007–2021)
 * Jonathon Heyward (2023–present)

title: Baltimore Symphony Orchestra


text:
User:Crynyd

Oh, I was just tired of looking at a broken link. Nothing to see here.

title: User:Crynyd


text: User talk:68.40.206.134

title: User talk:68.40.206.134


text:
V22

V22 or similar may refer to:

 * Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey, an American multi-mission, tiltrotor military aircraft
 * Fokker V 22, a variant of the Fokker D.VII German World War I fighter aircraft
 * V.22, an ITU-T V-series recommended protocol for interfaces and voiceband modems
 * V22, an ICD-9 supplementary classification code for normal pregnancy

title: V22


text:
Euxton

Euxton is a village and civil parish of the Borough of Chorley, in Lancashire, England. The population of the civil parish as taken at the 2011 census was 9,993, however, the population is now estimated to be around 14,000 due to the increase in housing developments in the village, including the Buckshaw development. The village is situated just to the west of Chorley, and to the south of Clayton-le-Woods.

Euxton is around 2.5 miles from east to west and 2 miles north to south. The village is made up of several areas including Runshaw Moor, Balshaw, Shaw Green, Daisy Hill, Buckshaw, Pincock, Primrose Hill, Glead Hill, Dawbers, Spout Hillock, Culbeck and Pear Tree.

Euxton is served by five primary schools, namely: Balshaw Lane Primary, Primrose Hill Primary, Euxton C of E Primary, Euxton RC Primary and Trinity C of E/Methodist Primary School.

History
Euxton's original village settlement in Pincock was based near the ford over the River Yarrow, along the route of the old Roman road Watling Street – now the A49 road – that runs through the length of the village, from Pincock to Packsaddle.

Demonstrating its significance, Euxton had a market charter granted in 1301 by Edward I and whilst the area was called Euxton, the township was called Euxtonburgh. The name suggests an Anglo-Saxon origin. It has been suggested that it is derived from "Efe's Tun", with "tun" referring to a farmstead and Efe being a personal name and the later addition of burgh suggesting the settlement had grown and been fortified.

The manorial seat was Euxton Hall owned first by the Molyneux family and later by the Anderton family. A new manor house is said to have been built in the early 16th century by Hugh Anderton (1466-1516/17). It is likely that the manor would have been located closer to the parish church. A new hall was built by William Anderton (c.1708-44) in 1769 and rebuilt on the same site but on a grander scale in 1850. Euxton Hall is now a private hospital and is made up of the lower ground floor of hall as the upper floor was demolished following a fire.

Charles II lodged at Euxton Hall in 1651 when on his way south to Worcester, he is said to have drunk water from the stream at the edge of Euxton describing it as "Cul Beck" or cool brook giving it its name, from whence the area takes its name.

The hall had three lodge houses, one at the bottom of Chapel Brow, one at main gates of Euxton Park on Wigan Road and one on Dawber's Lane which is now much extended and known as Dower House. The centre of the village later moved from the old ford to be closer to Euxton Hall and its chapel (now Euxton Parish Church).

Whilst the oldest extant building is believed to be the parish church and although Euxton Hall is likely to be older in places, dating back to 1662, Armetriding Farm is believed to be the oldest dwelling house.

One of the most significant buildings in Euxton is Buckshaw Hall, an H-plan two-storey timber framed property on a sandstone base, with both brick and wattle and daub infilling and a slate roof. It is considered to be one of the best preserved Tudor halls in Lancashire.

Euxton Hall Chapel was designed by architect E. W. Pugin (1834–1875), and built in 1866 as a private chapel for the Anderton family who lived in Euxton Hall.

There has been a building at Runshaw Hall since medieval times and the current house was built in 1862 and later acquired by William Bretherton.

Early industry
Euxton Hall, which was a significant stately residence, now acts as a private hospital and is half its former glory, with the second storey being removed in the 20th century along with its grand colonnade. Euxton Hall's 19th century gatehouses can be seen at the bottom of Chapel Brow, near the parish church whilst the other gatehouse can be seen at the entrance of Euxton Hall Gardens. Earlier gatehouses were previously located on Dawbers Lane and Runshaw Lane. Balshaw Lodge, which has recently been redeveloped, was originally built as guest lodgings for the hall.

There was a large Royal Ordnance Factory (ROF Chorley) built here in the buildup to the Second World War (Nevell et al., 1999). At its peak the factory employed over 40,000 people, and had its own railway station. It was probably the biggest munitions filling factory in the world, and it is said that the bouncing bombs used in the Dambusters raid were made there. ROF Chorley later came under the ownership of British Aerospace, and in subsequent years was closed down with the land being sold. In the early 2000s the former ROF Chorley site was effectively flattened and sanitised, so that the land could be transformed into the new Buckshaw Village.

Modern industry
Plans by Tarmac to operate a sand quarry near the village were approved in August 2008 by a planning inspector. The quarry, to be located between Runshaw Lane and Dawber's Lane, had been proposed for ten years and is opposed by the village council, and by local residents, some of whom set up an action group, Euxton Residents Against Sand Extraction (ERASE), due to its impact on health, traffic and environment locally. The quarry has permission to operate for 15 years.

Estates and public houses
The village also has seven public houses; the Talbot, the Euxton Mills, the Railway at Euxton, the Bay Horse, the Traveller's Rest, the Plough and the War Horse (in the Buckshaw part of Euxton).

Euxton has several large housing estates, particularly in the eastern half of the village built in the late 1960s by Trevor Hemmings. The Talbot Estate lies to the east of Euxton and the Greenside Estate to the north on Runshaw Lane.

Newer housing estates include Wentworth Drive to the north-east of the village and Church Walk and Park Avenue to the west.

Euxton's population was significantly increased after the Royal Ordnance Factory in Buckshaw was demolished and redeveloped, creating a huge new residential and commercial area in the north of the village.

Transport
The north-south M6 motorway lies to the west of the village. Access from the M6 is by Junction 28 for the A49 road at nearby Clayton-le-Woods.

Euxton has two railway stations, with stopping services operated by Northern:

 * Euxton Balshaw Lane railway station is sited on the West Coast Main Line, between Preston and Wigan. Services operate hourly in each direction between Liverpool Lime Street and Blackpool North. The station was re-opened in 1997, after a gap of some 30 years.
 * Buckshaw Parkway railway station was opened in 2011 to serve the new Buckshaw Village development. It is on the Manchester-Preston line, with direct destinations include Chorley, Bolton, Preston, Barrow, Blackpool, Manchester Piccadilly and Manchester Airport.

Euxton is home to three listed railway bridges: Pincock Bridge, Old Station Bridge (Wigan Road) and Bay Horse Brow (Euxton Lane). There are also bridges on School Lane and Balshaw Lane.

Bus services are operated primarily by Stagecoach Merseyside & South Lancashire, including the following routes:
 * Route 109: runs twice hourly through the village to provide a connection to Chorley, Leyland, Clayton-le-Woods and Preston
 * Route 119 operated by Tyrer’s Coaches runs hourly between Chorley and Preston via Buckshaw Village, Leyland, Farington and Penwortham.
 * Route 337 operates between Chorley and Ormskirk via Euxton, Charnock Richard, Croston and Burscough bi-hourly.
 * Route 347 operates from Chorley to Southport via Charnock Richard, Eccleston, Croston and Rufford bi-hourly Monday-Saturday.

Sport
The former ROF Chorley sports ground was used by English football team Bolton Wanderers as its training headquarters. On 19 February 2016, the training facility was sold by Bolton Wanderers to Wigan Athletic whilst on 1 September 2020 Wigan sold it to Preston North End.

The village is also home to Euxton Corinthians F.C., Euxton Villa F.C., Euxton Girls F.C. and Euxton Cricket Club. Euxton Villa F.C. have a training ground on Runshaw Lane.

title: Euxton


text:
User:DrVeghead/sandbox

Central time is a jazz group in Austin, TX. Members include David Chao (piano), Jeremy Bell (alto sax), and Kevin Witt (drums). Along with a bass player, they usually play as a quartet.

title: User:DrVeghead/sandbox


text:
Beverly of Graustark

Beverly of Graustark is a 1926 American silent romantic comedy film directed by Sidney Franklin and starring Marion Davies, Antonio Moreno, and Creighton Hale. The film's screenplay was written by Agnes Christine Johnston based on the novel by George Barr McCutcheon, and set in the fictional land of Graustark. The film features a final sequence in Technicolor. It was the first film by Sidney Franklin for MGM.

The story was filmed before in 1914 by the Biograph Company.

Copies of the film are held at Turner Broadcasting and the Library of Congress. Click on the Library of Congress external link below to watch the 1914 version of the film.

Plot
Beverly Calhoun impersonates the Prince of Graustark to claim his birthright while he recovers from a skiing injury. In the meantime, she falls for her bodyguard Dantan.

Cast

 * Marion Davies as Beverly Calhoun
 * Antonio Moreno as Dantan
 * Creighton Hale as Prince Oscar
 * Roy D'Arcy as General Marlanax
 * Albert Gran as Duke Travina
 * Paulette Duval as Carlotta
 * Max Barwyn as Saranoff
 * Charles Clary as Mr. Calhoun

Production
In her 22nd film, Marion Davies starred in yet another dual role as the American Beverly Calhoun who masquerades as her cousin Oscar, who happens to be the Prince of Graustark, a small European monarchy. This was the second time that Davies masqueraded as a male (see Little Old New York), and critics and audiences applauded the effort. The film is often cited as Davies' most profitable film because of low production costs and big box office. The only problem in filming was Davies' 10-day bout with the flu. This was her first teaming with Antonio Moreno, who played the royal bodyguard. The film boasted a 2-strip Technicolor finale (which survives). Davies' severe haircut, dubbed the "Beverly Bob," caused a fashion craze.

Restoration
The Library of Congress restored the 1926 film in 2019, scanning an original-release 35mm nitrate print in the Marion Davies Collection that included the 2-color Technicolor sequence in the 2nd half of the film's last reel. This 4K restoration was screened in October 2019 at the Pordenone Silent Film Festival. Undercrank Productions released the restoration on Blu-ray and DVD in April 2022, featuring a new musical score by Ben Model.

title: Beverly of Graustark


text:
Arachnophilia

Arachnophilia is a source code editor written in Java by Paul Lutus. It is the successor to another HTML editor, WebThing. The name Arachnophilia comes from the term meaning "love of spiders", a metaphor for the task of building on the World Wide Web.

Arachnophilia is free and open-source software subject to the terms of the GNU General Public License.

History
Once written as a Windows application, the program was rewritten by Lutus in Java as part of his boycott against Microsoft and its product activation features for Windows XP. Arachnophilia requires the Java 2 runtime environment, release 1.5 or later.

The program was licensed as Careware software, then as LGPL-2.1-or-later in 2011, and now as GPL-2.0-or-later since 2018 with the source available on the website.

Features
The program can import and convert to HTML various RTF documents, tables and outlines from any Windows 95 (and above) compliant application. The output of the code can be previewed in up to six different web browsers. It supports CGI, frames and other languages beside HTML, for instance PHP, Perl, C++, Java, and JavaScript development.

Other features include:

 * Multiple-document interface
 * User-customizable toolbars
 * Full drag and drop support
 * Global search and replace
 * Built-in FTP client
 * Automatic uploading of files
 * User-defined templates
 * User-defined macros
 * User-defined key bindings

title: Arachnophilia


text:
Talk:I'm Bout It

I've flagged
I've flagged this with, I think my reasons will be pretty obvious: about fifty nine 'wonderful' and 'genius' qualifiers for every sentence despite non-existant details of plot/notability 81.153.177.193 00:47, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I've reverted because the POV and cleanup tags were removed: please adress POV/stylistic state of article before removing the messages at the top of the article 81.153.177.193 00:50, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:I'm Bout It


text: Template:Star-stub

title: Template:Star-stub


text:
Gyula Breyer

Gyula "Julius" Breyer (30 April 1893 Budapest – 9 November 1921) was a Hungarian chess player and 1912 Hungarian national champion.

Chess career
In 1912 Breyer won the Hungarian championship in Temesvar. In a 1920 tournament in Berlin he finished first (+6−2=1) ahead of Efim Bogoljubov, Savielly Tartakower, Richard Réti, Géza Maróczy, and Siegbert Tarrasch. Breyer had a plus record against Max Euwe (later world champion).

In 1921 Breyer set a new blindfold chess record by playing 25 games simultaneously. He also edited Szellemi Sport, a magazine devoted to chess puzzles, and composed at least one brilliant retrograde analysis study. Heart disease cut short Breyer's promising chess career. He died in 1921 at the age of 28 in Bratislava. He was buried in Bratislava and after exhumation in 1987, was reburied in the Kerepesi Cemetery in Budapest.

Legacy
Breyer was a leading pioneer of the hypermodern school of chess theory, which favoured controlling the with pressure from the. He was a friend of Richard Réti and an inspiration to other players.

He is most notably recognised for the Breyer Variation in the Ruy Lopez, which involves Black re-routing his to d7 for increased flexibility (1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nc6 3.Bb5 a6 4.Ba4 Nf6 5.0-0 Be7 6.Re1 b5 7.Bb3 0-0 8.c3 d6 9.h3 Nb8 10.d4 Nbd7; see diagram). This line became fashionable in the 1960s, and a favourite of ex-world champion Boris Spassky. He is also recognised for the Breyer Variation of the Vienna Gambit (1.e4 e5 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.f4 d5 4.fxe5 Nxe4 5.Nf3 Be7), as well as the Breyer Gambit (1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Qf3), a variation of the King's Gambit. He was an early adopter of the Slav Defense (1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6) at a time when the Queen's Gambit Declined (2...e6) was Black's most common response to the Queen's Gambit, and is credited with the Breyer Variation of the Slav (1.d4 d5 2.c4 c6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.Nbd2).

Notable games
Max Euwe vs. Breyer, Vienna 1921 1.e4 Nc6 2.Nc3 Nf6 3.d4 e5 4.dxe5 Nxe5 5.f4 Nc6 6.e5 Ng8 7.Bc4 d6 8.Nf3 Bg4 9.0-0 Qd7 10.Qe1 0-0-0 11.Ng5 dxe5 12.Kh1 f6 13.Nf7 Na5 14.Nxd8 Nxc4 15.Qe4 Nd6 16.Qb4 Be7 17.fxe5 fxe5 18.Nxb7 Nxb7 19.Rf8+ Bxf8 20.Qxf8+ Qd8 21.Qxg7 Nf6 22.Bg5 Rg8 23.Qh6 Rg6 24.Qh4 Nd6 25.Rf1 Nf5 26.Qxg4 Nxg4 27.Bxd8 Nge3 28.Rf3 Kxd8 29.h3 Rg3 30.Rxg3 Nxg3+

title: Gyula Breyer


text:
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Osprey firing flares

V-22 Osprey firing flares
Intense photo of an interesting aircraft. - brian0918  ™  00:49, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Nominate and support. - brian0918  ™  00:49, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Jonas Olson 10:50, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Nice photo but it does not "add significantly to that article". Just stuck at the bottom. Maybe on Featured pictures? --Andrew 16:25, Apr 26, 2005 (UTC)
 * Alright, now it's at the top of the article. It illustrates the aircraft better than the other image, which is relatively low-res.  -- brian0918  ™  16:34, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I disagree - the original image shows the plane doing what it's designed to do, carrying (and air-dropping) marines. The flares add to the photo's prettiness but don't show anything about what the plane is for.  And simply moving it from the bottom to the top hardly makes it "add significantly" to the article. --Andrew 06:54, Apr 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Nothing special about this particular photo --Bricktop 21:56, 26 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support Very unusual plane, and the flares are a bonus. --Fir0002 03:45, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support — TomStar81 04:43, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Unusual aircraft. Illustrates article on the V-22 Osprey perfectly. Crisp image. Mgm|(talk) 09:20, Apr 27, 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I really couldn't tell it was interesting until I read the comments above that told me it was supposed to be interesting. Enochlau 12:36, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not saying this case is the same, but that's essentially what you have to do for the Chopin and First photos to be interesting. -- brian0918 ™  13:03, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Oppose Not a very special aircraft image. Janderk 20:01, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - stunningly deadly (even if they are only flares). A great action shot. And check out those propellers! - Pioneer-12 23:11, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Huh? It's not even (necessarily) armed! Check out the other picture in the article, which illustrates what it's actually for. --Andrew 10:27, Apr 28, 2005 (UTC)

 * Oppose there's many a spectacular aviation photo, and this one is just adequate. Also, the crop (or lack thereof) doesn't work to its advantage. Matthewcieplak 06:17, 28 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * +5 / -6 -- Solipsist 21:00, 12 May 2005 (UTC)


text:
Category:Star stubs

Star clusters go in star-cluster-stub.

title: Category:Star stubs


text:
Treasure Island Scout Reservation

Treasure Island is a former Boy Scout property located between Point Pleasant, Pennsylvania and Frenchtown, New Jersey, United States. The property is situated on two islands in the middle of the Delaware River and was owned by the Cradle of Liberty Council. Treasure Island was the second oldest continually operated Boy Scout Camp, behind Owasippe Scout Reservation in Michigan, in the country and had been continuously associated with Scouting since 1913.

In April 2005, storms caused some of the highest flooding since 1955. As a result, Treasure Island was closed to summer campers in 2005 for the first time in twenty-five years. The council spent more than $1-million to rehabilitate the camp in preparation for reopening in June 2006. On June 28, 2006, the camp was once again inundated. While its long-term future was in doubt, it opened again successfully in 2007 and 2008. However, on September 10, 2008, the Council Executive Board voted to close Treasure Island for the 2009 season, the camp remained closed for the 2010 season and is now permanently shuttered.

It was announced on March 2, 2018 that Treasure Island was sold to Haubert Outdoor Oriented Adventure Hospitality, LLC, a family-owned business that intends to re-open the historic property as a commercial family campground. Haubert, with a partnership with the Friends of Treasure Island, have made Treasure Island available to Scouts free of charge.

Since 2018 the Friends of Treasure Island non-profit group has been rehabilitating the camp facilities and now operates the camp for multiple weekends in the spring and fall.

Structures
Among the important buildings on the island are the Mess Hall (the largest structure on the island), Unami Lodge, the Kiwanis Lodge (HandiCraft), the Klein Lodge (nature), the Health Lodge, the Trading Post, and "City Hall", which was the main office in control of Treasure Island. During the summer, most of the lodges were used for merit badge instruction. There is also the Goodman Stockade, where the opening campfires are held on Sunday nights, and the Ceremonial Grounds, where the Order of the Arrow ceremonies and the Friday night closing campfire were held. The stone fixtures of the Ceremonial Grounds, where the Order of the Arrow ceremonies were held, were excavated, transported, and reassembled at a new location within the Summit Bechtel Scout Reserve in West Virginia.

Treasure Island has a swimming pool, and boating was conducted in canoes, rowboats and Sunfish sailboats on the west side of the island at the Boathouse.

Camp program
Tube rafting was offered to Scouts during the summer, and scouts floated downstream to Point Pleasant, Pennsylvania, where they were driven by bus back up to the mainland across from Treasure Island, and taken by a boat back to the island.

Bike and canoe trips in the surrounding area were also conducted along the old Delaware Division of the Pennsylvania Canal. Climbing and rappelling trips also took place at Ralph Stover State Park.

Marshall Island
Just to the north of Treasure Island lies Marshall Island (also known as Eagle Island). Marshall Island is connected to Treasure Island only by a small footbridge. Treasure Island is demarcated within the New Jersey border of the Delaware River, whereas Marshall Island is within the river's Pennsylvania boundary. This distinction afforded the archery and rifle ranges for the camp to be sited on Marshall Island, as Pennsylvania state gun laws were less stringent.

There is a path leading from the archery and rifle ranges that runs north and branches off in two directions. The branch to the left leads to a series of abandoned buildings and an abandoned field, remaining from when Eagle Island operated as a separate camp (Camp Wilson) in the 1970s. The right branch leads to unused campsites and the C.O.P.E. course.

Order of the Arrow
In 1915 the Order of the Arrow (OA) was founded at Treasure Island by the Camp Director, E. Urner Goodman, and Assistant Camp Director Carroll A. Edson. The W. W. W. (the original name of the OA in the Lenni Lenape language) was designed as a camp honor fraternity that would emphasize the ideals of Scouting through the use of ceremonies and American Indian lore. At the beginning of the camping season, Goodman explored the island to find a suitable site for the Council Fire and for the rituals of his new program. A natural amphitheater was chosen on the south side of the island that was secluded from the rest of the camp. On the day of the first induction campfire, July 16, 1915, Goodman and one of his staff members, Harry A. Yoder, cleared the brush for the new ceremonial grounds, built the altar, and cut a trail leading from the camp. This new ceremonial ring continued to be used for OA ceremonies and for the camp's campfire programs until Treasure Island closed. At the end of the camping season that year, the new Order contained twenty-five members who selected the totem and names for Unami Lodge.

title: Treasure Island Scout Reservation