text:
Talk:William Kidd

comments
The dates I used were from The Pirate Hunter which is already cited in the article and is a biography on Kidd.--Drake44444 08:31, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

By the way, someone needs to remove some of those unneeded internal links, per MoS. I'd do it myself but at the moment I have no time. --Every1blowz 07:54, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

Drake44444, please cite your sources in the references section, otherwise there is no way for people to verify the dates you've entered. The dates I used in the article are all from the book Pirates of the Spanish Main, but if you have reason to believe that this book is inaccurate and your sources are better then please cite them. Thanks. --Every1blowz 07:51, 25 December 2005 (UTC)

This article is so full of inaccuracies it is unbelievable. Kidd should not be classified entirely as a pirate, and the circumstances of his pirate hunting voyage are wrong. There are also problems with dates, that I have tried to correct, and chronology. I will be working to improve this article more shortly. --Drake44444 20:09, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

Should Kidd be described as a pirate? I was under impression that his role as a pirate in actual history (not legend) was a matter of dispute. No, you're right. Kidd wasn't a pirate; he was merely an inept pirate-catcher. He was wealthy, so there would have been no reason for him to turn to piracy. Though it's true he was hanged as a pirate, in point of fact he was framed. The trial was a travesty. The evidence needed to clear him was concealed by the prosecution, and found after his death. Today it can be viewed in the London Hall of Public records.

-c.neron

Birthplace
OK, I don't have any book in front of me, but I am going to question the change from Dundee to Greenock as his birthplace. Can somebody get a 'final' answer? I see references to both in Google, main reference for Dundee is here. -- RevRagnarok 04:48, 23 January 2006 (UTC)

Official Website of Greenock. Captain Kidd was born here, Dundee is shit.
 * It would explain why he left

 * The Greenock website actually states "..is reputed to have been born in Greenock around 1645. Although there are no local records confirming this fact, it is stated in the 'Newgate Calendar...".
 * The Newgate Calendar (which is well known to include many embellishments - typically how the man repents all his sins etc before being hanged (see Last Words below), being based on earlier broadsheets and handouts that were distributed at fairs etc.) is also used by other biographers citated by this article, none of whom seem to have checked primary sources.
 * An article in the May 2008 Family Tree Magazine states "In October 1695 Kidd appeared as a witness before the HCA (High Courts of the Admiralty) in London and stated that he was aged 41, born in Dundee, a shipmaster who had lived in New York for seven years. A check through the baptismal records soon confirmed his claim that he had been born in Dundee during 1645 and revealed that his father, John, was a local seaman...". The article also states that no records are listed in Fastii Ecclesiae Scoticanae of anyone called Kidd being a minister anywhere in Scotland at the time, which would seem to disprove the claims about his father.
 * I have not checked the HCA records for Kidd myself yet, but have added links to this article to some HCA images at the National Archives and I will check the next time I am there. (I have beem researching Admiralty/Coastguard Records for several years in connection with family history). Ray3055 (talk) 15:06, 25 August 2008 (UTC)

I fixed the Death and Age template, but I have no idea whether the changed birth and death dates are correct. I see webpages listing either 1645 or 1654 for birth. Perhaps someone with a good reference could cite it. This page refers to the May 23rd death date:  Smallpond (talk) 22:23, 13 June 2011 (UTC)

Birthplace 2021
It's been 10 years since the last talk about his birthplace and new information has come to light. Specifically, the source article currently cited in the article now claims Kidd's birthplace as Dundee.

Further, a convincing case for the Dundee birth has been made by the fine folks at PardonCaptainKidd.com, using original source documents including a sword statement from Kidd himself. I'm going to edit the article accordingly. --Kennethsime (talk) 16:36, 13 April 2021 (UTC)

Birthplace 2022
Unregistered Wikipedia users seemed to have edited Kennethsime's changes. There are new multiple sources which suggest it is the case that he was born in Dundee, Scotland including a letter from him which stated he was from the city. There is also a visitor attraction in Dundee, Discovery Point which has factual information on Kidd which confirms he was born in Dundee. I have added the references in the article. As mentioned, there have only been changes from Dundee to Greenock from unregistered Wikipedia users who cited no sources to suggest it was the case. If there is any disputes around this, please do continue the discussion in this topic. --KeyKing666 (talk) 15:14, 15 April 2022 (UTC)

Last Words
hey does anybody know what Captain Kidd's LAST WORDS were??? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.253.83.79 (talk • contribs)

"Fuck Paisley" if I remember correctly.

"My name was Captain Kidd, when I sail'd, when I sail'd, And so wickedly I did, God's laws I did forbid, When I sail'd, when I sail'd. I roam'd from sound to sound, And many a ship I found, And then I sunk or burn'd, When I sail'd. I murder'd William Moore, And laid him in his gore, Not many leagues from shore, When I sail'd. Farewell to young and old, All jolly seamen bold, You're welcome to my gold, For I must die, I must die. Farewell to Lunnon town, The pretty girls all round, No pardon can be found, and I must die, I must die, Farewell, for I must die. Then to eternity, in hideous misery, I must lie, I must lie." It was what i found for his last words —Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.59.178.86 (talk • contribs)

Acooring to Zacks' book, Capt. Kidd didn't say anything as last words

Captain Kidd Treasure Reference
| The Pirate Hunter

| The Pirate Hunter

Hampton Star --MichaelGray 13:09, 19 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Please put the references in the main article, not the talk page. — RevRagnarok  Talk Contrib Reverts 13:28, 19 July 2006 (UTC)

Not a Pirate
We currently have this sentence in the first paragraph: It is more likely that Kidd earned his reputation through circumstance and did not consider himself to even be a pirate. Is this a settled matter? I believe this is a controversial subject, and I'm not sure we need take a stand on the issue. (BTW, I agree that the evidence is compelling in this case, I just don't think we should portray it as a settled issue.) Does anyone have a reason this should stay? Levi P. 04:46, 27 August 2006 (UTC)

The first paragraph includes the sentence, "He achieved perhaps more fame in song, story, and legend than any other pirate to sail the seven seas." As per the link provided in the paragraph itself, "the seven seas" are essentially notional, and the phrase in this context is rather fanciful, provides no real information, and wouldn't qualify as encyclopedic. I think it should be changed, but am reluctant to do so without input from other people because "seven seas" is kind of a fun article and it seems like maybe it should be linked from somewhere in the Captain Kidd article. Woodstein52 04:24, 4 Sept 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed. "The seven seas" has no place here.  It is now 2014— apparently someone figured this out.   KDS 4444  Talk   08:04, 13 January 2014 (UTC)

vandalism
Why is it that this page attracts so much vandalism? It gets removed right away by ever vigilant Wikipedians, but this page attracts more vandalism than any other page on my watch list... —Preceding unsigned comment added by Jcbutler (talk • contribs)
 * Dunno, but it is a moderate vandalism on my watch list as far as I can tell... maybe because "pirates is dope." ;) — RevRagnarok  Talk Contrib 21:05, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

Piracy
Why was he found guilty of 5 counts of piracy?Never was it mentioned that he had actaully been a pirate. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.59.178.86 (talk • contribs)

French ship
What does it actaully mean when they said he won a french ship?Was he in some privateer vessel? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 142.59.178.86 (talk • contribs)

Dates do not line up properly
The article describes Kidd as being appointed by Richard Coote in 1691, to carry out some privateering attacks, and refers to Coote as being then-governor of Massachusetts, New York, and New Hampshire. Coote didn't receive that appointment until 1697 and did not arrive in New York until 1698. -- william turner, independent scholar —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 76.171.136.203 (talk) 18:20, 23 January 2007 (UTC).

Edit Sorry i was wrong — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.9.2.27 (talk) 19:33, 18 June 2024 (UTC)

Ordering of sentences illogical
If I read the "Early life" part, I learn that when he was 5, his father died, he met three governors and captured a privateer. And being 6, he was stolen his ship in Antigua. I can imagine that he was very young, but not that much! Particularly considering the fact that he appears then to have done nothing noticeable in 44 years... -Bilbo pingouin- —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bilbo pingouin (talk • contribs) 21:09, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Good point. I have changed it to show that all this activity occurred much later, after he moved to New York. Pirate Dan 13:57, 17 September 2007 (UTC)

But we seem to left with a hole. Kidd's father dies when he is five and/so he moves to New York? Quite an accomplishment for a five year old. Did his remaining family move? Something doesn't seem right. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.175.181.224 (talk) 01:06, 14 November 2009 (UTC)

Quedagh Merchant found
Researches from Indinana University made the announcement today []. To busy to add it to the article, I'll leave that up to you guys. Ulises (talk) 23:22, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

Kidd's Grave
Does anyone know what happened to Kidd's remains after it was gibbetted? Is there a grave of him today? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 78.176.99.80 (talk) 20:49, 26 April 2008 (UTC)

Needs Citations?
Why does this article have "This article needs additional citations for verification."? What are those links, references and notes? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 88.84.137.165 (talk) 18:48, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

I entirely agree. This article reads more like a kid's (no pun intended) drama novel than a NPOV, scholarly article. Apart from a general insufficency of citations to REAL bases for fact (too many are to wannabe encyclopedias and vanity websites) we "can all do without" such dramatic (uninformative) phrases like he "weighed anchor and set a course for" - one expects that any vessel weighed anchor before setting a course (duh) and we don't care that he "set a course" but rather care where he actually traveled; the article ought simply state that "he sailed to....". Sorker (talk) 01:58, 9 March 2011 (UTC)

Article seems a bit revisionist
Any serious historical reading of Kidd will suggest that Kidd, though not the typical low-class "pirate," was very much interested in money. The claim that Kidd was forced by his crew to ransom the Quedagh Merchant is not credible. I recommend a rewrite based on Robert Ritchie's book, "Captain Kidd and the War Against the Pirates" (1986). Ryoung 122 10:55, 16 December 2008 (UTC)

--

Your comment leaves me wondering "Who isn't interested in money? Does an interest in money make one a pirate?"

IMHO, a rewrite shouldn't be based on a single book. One might be enlightened by others.

Page needs protection from persisent vandalism
I suggest that if this article is to remain, it should be protected. There are thousands of page viewers, many revisions, and persistent vandalism.

I myself have just corrected a piece of vandalism that occurred on 16 November 2008. I noticed it simply by paying attention to the references, and finding a handful of notes, with no reference. My immediate assumption was that the references had been deleted either accidentally or deliberately.

It didn't take long to find a version with the references in. View the revision history by list of 500, and just pick an early version. Anyone who pays attention to references could have done that bit. I then went the extra step and pinned down the change to blatant vandalism by 65.2.121.203. That took a bit more effort, although the process was simple enough. Go forward by a few months to a version where the refs are missing, then back to a period where they're present. Keep narrowing the gap, and the date is found. Not everyone would want to be bothered with that, and fair enough.

The real pity is that of the thousands of visitors, and lesser number of revisionists, either no one noticed the missing refs, or no one seems to have cared to check whether they previously existed and reinstate them. I'm writing here of course to the wrong audience. The viewers of this discussion page are measured in single digits, so it's likely only to be noticed by the few who do care. And of course those who do care don't have infinite time and energy (or if they do, I'd like a bottle of it please).

The point is, there appear to be a handful of constructive contributors, and a number of anonymous vandals. So it's no wonder that the missing sections got lost in the clutter - with the caveat that of thousands of readers, someone should have noticed three footnotes without references. But these things happen, and not just in this article. I've even stumbled on the occasional article where the evidence points to an editor plagiarising one or two pieces of work, and hiding behind the assumed obscurity of foreign language citations on the assumption no one will check them out, or if they do, they'll be bluffed by the language barrier and forget to use basic logic. I guess that's easy to do in Wikipedia, although I'd like to think it's getting more difficult.

The bottom line is, how about getting this page protected. There is ample material to substantiate it, including my own very belated detection of material lost in the clutter. The vandals appear mostly to be I.P. address users, some transient at that. For example, 65.2.121.203, whose sole foray into Wikipedia was the vandalism of this article on 16 November 2008, although clearly the person could be stuffing things up via other avenues. So why not just get the page protected, and narrow down the range of potential vandals.

By the way, I don't include in my definition of vandal those editors who simply take issue with each other oveer interpretations etc, even if it escalates to edit-warring etc. No, blatant vandalism of the narrowly defined kind I've detected and which I refer to, cannot possibly be mistaken for anything else. Blatantly blanking out sections, or writing sheer, unadulterated crap in place of text, is impossible to miss. This article appears doomed to that sort of thing as long as it exists.

So I suggest protect the page and be done with it. Editors can then narrow down efforts to more genuine issues. And even if that does include differences of interpretation or opinion etc, that's not vandalism. It's business. Wotnow (talk) 08:02, 7 January 2010 (UTC)Wotnow

There is a procedure for protecting or semi-protecting pages, but having had a quick look at the page history, the level of vandalism is nowhere near that which would justify semi-protection, you would have to be looking at a large number of edits over a few days. Also protection tends to be for short periods, a few days or a few weeks, except in drastic cases. PatGallacher (talk) 12:12, 7 January 2010 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your response. I thought I'd put my thoughts out there, but they don't have to be right. And it's always good to know that a problem is not as bad as one thought it was. In those situations, it's a pleasure to be wrong. Wotnow (talk) 01:25, 8 January 2010 (UTC)Wotnow

Bad Text and Bad Cite re commission from "New York, Massachusetts"
The article states " During the War of the Grand Alliance, on orders from the province of New York, Massachusetts, Kidd captured an enemy privateer, which duty he was commissioned to perform[4] off of the New England coast." Because there is no "Province", or even a Colony, of "New York, Massachusetts", I went to the citation to clarify the facts. The citation (A) does not support the Wikipedia text and (B) is to a sloppy, unscholarly, unfootnoted, wannabe online "encyclopedia" that is not not a proper or sufficient source of citations for Wikipedia (else we have the blind leading the blind). I must suggest that the sentence be deleted or, if anyone knows a GOOD citation to TRUE facts, let's get it right.Sorker (talk) 01:45, 9 March 2011 (UTC)

Question
Just noticed, loads of citation needed subtexts so can someone cite them! Shaun (talk) 21:08, 15 March 2012 (UTC)

haunts of rovers
what does haunts of rovers mean? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.241.225.74 (talk) 18:22, 1 June 2011 (UTC)

Hendrick van der Heul
The reference to van der Heul as the highest ranking black pirate on record would seem to be inaccurate, if Wikipedia's own article on Black Caesar is to be believed. 82.32.160.97 (talk) 01:50, 11 January 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on William Kidd. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20060530014141/http://www.pfrh.supanet.com:80/HISTORYBODY.htm to http://www.pfrh.supanet.com/HISTORYBODY.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers. —cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 21:28, 25 August 2015 (UTC)

Plagiarised content
I have been looking for the source or sources of the plagiarised content and speculative sentences that constitute the largest part of this article (lede and Biography, at least).

Here, I will list the sources that I have checked that do NOT appear to be the source for any large block of the content appearing. Of particular concern are the ambiguous but generally far-reaching conclusions appearing in the weasel word-containing lede and opening to the Biography section. Note, the goal is to verify the content appearing, not to place longstanding tags. Sentence by sentence, as I and others verify content, the inline tags will be removed (and when the issues are substantially resolved, the section and article tags can be removed as well).

Sources checked:
 * 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica article. Will yield some inline citations, but the material was not appropriated in bulk.
 * Self-published 2002 Captain William Kid website. In process of reviewing.

Le Prof 73.210.155.96 (talk) 03:00, 8 January 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 5 external links on William Kidd. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20071217032212/http://www.achievements.co.uk/articles/william_kidd.html to http://www.achievements.co.uk/articles/william_kidd.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110728104918/http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01841/kidd.html to http://library.thinkquest.org/05aug/01841/kidd.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110612082349/http://www.royalnavalmuseum.org/info_sheets_piracy.htm to http://www.royalnavalmuseum.org/info_sheets_piracy.htm
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.davidkidd.net/Captain_Kidd_Lyrics.html
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F20071213%2FLOCAL%2F712130548

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:17, 29 April 2017 (UTC)

Year of Birth
This article give 1654, but most other sources give 1645. Is this just a transposition typo? Thisdaytrivia (talk) 15:40, 29 April 2017 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on William Kidd. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110928224450/http://www.childrensmuseum.org/node/34902 to http://www.childrensmuseum.org/node/34902

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 12:41, 21 January 2018 (UTC)

Birth date conflict
The intro gives his birth as c. 1655, while the infobox says 22 January 1645. Can these be reconciled? Assambrew (talk) 18:13, 20 August 2020 (UTC)

New book about Sarah Kidd
Daphne Palmer Geanacopoulos has just published the first-ever book-length biography of Sarah Kidd, entitled The Pirate's Wife: The Remarkable True Story of Sarah Kidd. 76.190.213.189 (talk) 20:59, 14 January 2023 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:William Kidd (disambiguation) which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 05:02, 29 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:William Kidd


text:
User talk:Ruks~enwiki

the community care act 1990 provides codes of practices which have to be followed by settings:

 * local authorities have to draw up community care plans in consultation with others including organisations representing the interests of the service users.

 * the act seeks to enable people to exercise greater choice and control about the services they recieve and how these are delievered.

more information on the community care act 1990 could be located on website:

http://www.learningdisabilities.oreg.uk/page.cfm?pagecode=PSLGLGFS

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Ruks. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Ruks~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 02:47, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 18:19, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Ruks~enwiki


text:
Štrigova

Štrigova (Stridóvár; outdated German name: Stridau) is a village and municipality in Međimurje County, in northern Croatia.

History
Oldest archaeological finds in Štrigova municipality are from Roman period. Burial mounds and fragments of pottery were found in the hamlet of Trnovčak. Fragments of the Roman roads were found at the same locality.

The settlement Štrigova is first time mentioned in 1271 as ''Castr. Strigo (English: Fort Strigo''). During that time fort was in possession of Arnold of Stridó. In year 1290 Andrew the Venetian, later king of Hungary and Croatia, was captured in fort Štrigova by Arnold of Stridó, and was sent to Vienna in captivity. In year 1334 Štrigova was recorded as Catholic parish named Sancte Marie Magdalene de Strigo in Census of parishes of Zagreb Diocese. From the late Middle Ages until the beginning of the 20th century, Štrigova has the rights of a Market town.

During the 15th century feudal proprietor of Međimurje Frederick II, Count of Celje built the wooden chapel of saint Jerome in Štrigova. In year 1447 Papal bull Gloriosus Deus in sanctis suis (English: God is glorius in his Saints) was promulgated by Pope Nicholas V for Saint Jerome church in Štrigova. In that document Štrigova is mentioned as birthplace of Saint Jerome. But claims about birthplace of Saint Jerome are disputed by some scholars.

In year 1931 Štrigova municipality was separated from Čakovec District and the rest of Međimurje and placed under authority of Ljutomer District in Drava Banovina. In April 1941 Međimurje was occupied by Hungarian Army, but Štrigova were occupied by German Army. In June 1941, at the Hungarian request, Štrigova is again reincorporated in Međimurje.

In April 1945 former municipality Štrigova provisionally became a part of Yugoslav Federal republic of Slovenia. In 1946 Štrigova municipality was divided between People's Republics Croatia and Slovenia. Villages Banfi, Grabrovnik, Jalšovec, Leskovec, Prekopa, Robadje, Stanetinec, Sveti Urban and Štrigova became part of Croatia, and Gibina, Globoka, Kopriva, Razkrižje, Šafarsko, Šprinc, and Veščica became part of Slovenia. In year 1947 in forest near Štrigova Yugoslavian secret police (OZNA) murdered dozens of members of anticommunist guerrilla called Crusaders (Croatian: Križari).

In year 1992 Štrigova regained the status of municipality.

Geography
Štrigova is located in part of Međimurje called Gornje Međimurje at border with Slovenia. Village of Štrigova, municipality centre, is about 19 kilometres northwest from Čakovec, and some 110 kilometres north of Zagreb. The municipality covers an area of 39.21 km2.

Landscape of Štrigova consist of low hills called Međimurske gorice, covered with vineyards, orchards and woodlands. Međimurske gorice are extension of Slovenske gorice. At 341 metres, Mađerkin breg is the highest hill in municipality, and also a popular viewpoint. River Mura touches the border of municipality at its northernmost part.

Štrigova is located on road that connects county seat Čakovec with town of Ljutomer in Slovenia. There are two border crossing with Slovenia in municipality, called Banfi and Bukovje.

Demographics
In the 2011 census, the municipality had a population of 2,766 in 10 villages. Štrigova is experiencing population decline since the 1950s. The majority of inhabitants are Croats making up 94% of population and most significant minority are Slovenes (4%).

Economy
The economy of the municipality is largely focused on its agriculture. Many hills in the municipality were planted with vineyards and the production of wine is a major business in the municipality. There are many wine cellars throughout the municipality, most of which are privately owned, but there is also a large communally-owned wine cellar in Štrigova.

Cattle breeding and dairy products are also an important part of the economy of the municipality, although to a lesser extent in comparison with the production of wine, as well as rural tourism.

Culture
The Church of St. Jerome was rebuilt in 1749 by famous artist Ivan Ranger following the demolition of the original 15th-century-built chapel by an earthquake in 1738. There are also two historical castles located in the municipality. The castle in Banfi (Bánfihegy) was built by Count Bánffy in 1373, and Tkalec Castle on Kalec hill is believed to be built by local Paulines in the 18th century.

title: Štrigova


text: User talk:24.131.157.99

title: User talk:24.131.157.99


text:
Tao Ho

Tao Ho  (17 July 1936 – 29 March 2019) was a Hong Kong architect best known for designing the Bauhinia emblem on the flag of Hong Kong.

Background
Born in Shanghai in 1936 to Ping Yin Ho and Chin Hwa, Ho grew up with elder brother Chien and younger sister Diana. He graduated from Pui Ching Middle School and went on to receive a BA in art history with a minor in music and theology at Williams College in Massachusetts. Then, he studied for his MArch at Harvard's Graduate School of Design under the tutelage of Josep Lluís Sert, Sigfried Giedion, and Walter Gropius, the latter of whom hired Ho upon graduation as his personal assistant at The Architects Collaborative.

In 1968, four years after Ho returned to Hong Kong, he founded TaoHo Design Architects. Early projects include the Hong Kong International School and the Hong Kong Arts Centre, whose designs heralded the arrival of the Bauhaus to Hong Kong. Within his broad portfolio of works are the Hong Kong Pavilion at the 1986 World Expo in Vancouver, the renovation of Hong Kong's Governor House for Lord Chris Patten, the award-winning Wing Kwong Pentecostal Church, the first panda pavilion at Ocean Park and the revitalization of the Western Market in Sheung Wan. Tao also designed Hong Kong SAR's Bauhinia emblem, its flag and the ceremonial pen used at the handover signing ceremony in 1997.

An advocate of heritage conservation and cultural development, Ho conceived of an arts district for the city that is now the West Kowloon Cultural District. He enjoyed sharing his views on “TaoHo on Music” (樂論滔滔在何弢) for RTHK in the 1980s. In the 1990s, he was one of the four regular hosts of “Free As The Wind” (講東講西), discussing his views on cultural and social issues.

He served as president of the Hong Kong Institute of Architects from 1994 to 1998. As president, he criticised the proposed controversial design for the new Hong Kong Central Library. This was controversial because the HKIA code of conduct stated that members should not criticise other members' work unless they inform that party in advance. Ho responded that absent criticism, architects may suffer from "narcissism".

Designs
Ho designed the Hong Kong Arts Centre in 1977. A hanging piece created by Ho, entitled "Synergy of Dynamic Energy," is installed in the West Hall of the Hong Kong International Airport passenger terminal.

Ho designed the Bauhinia emblem on the flag of Hong Kong.

Awards
In February 1997, Ho was awarded the Crystal Award by the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, honoring him as a leading international artist and architect and for his contribution to bridging the cultures of the East and the West.

Personal life
Ho was debilitated by a stroke in April 2002 while on a business trip in Wuhan, China.

Ho died from pneumonia on 29 March 2019 at age 82, three days after being admitted to Ruttonjee Hospital.

Projects

 * Hong Kong Arts Centre, Hong Kong, 1977
 * Office and ticket branch interior, Japan Air Lines Office, Central, Hong Kong, 1980
 * Pacific Centre, Central, 1990
 * China Construction Bank Headquarters, Beijing, 1997
 * Everbright Centre. Shanghai, 1999
 * Wing Kwong Pentecostal Holiness Church. Lok Fu, Hong Kong, 2000

title: Tao Ho


text:
User talk:RSimpson

If a member of Mickey Simpson's family visits or edits his Wikipedia page would you please send an email to rc.simpson787@gmail.com? We've lost contact through the years [my dad was his brother] and I'd like to reconnect to update family trees/genealogical info. Thank you.24.113.107.31 (talk) 01:49, 13 July 2010 (UTC) Welcome!

Hello,, Welcome  to Wikipedia! '''I hope you like working here and want to continue. If you need help on how to name new articles, look at Naming Conventions, and for help on formatting the pages visit the Manual of Style. If you need general help, look at Help and the FAQ, and if you can't find your answer there, check the Village pump (for Wikipedia related questions) or the Reference Desk (for general questions). There's still more help at the Tutorial and the Policy Library. Also, don't forget to visit the Community Portal — and if you have any more questions after that, feel free to post them on my New-Users' Talk Page.'''

Additional tips:
 * Here are some extra tips to help you get around Wikipedia:
 * If you want to play around with your new Wiki skills, try the Sandbox.
 * Click on the Edit button on a page, and look at how other editors did what they did.
 * You can sign your name using three tildes, like this: ~~~. If you use four, you can add a datestamp too. Always sign comments on Talk pages, never sign Articles.
 * You might want to add yourself to the New User Log
 * If your first language isn't English, try Contributing to articles outside your native language

Happy editing!

Please don't remove wikify and gcheck templates unless and until the article has been wikified and its English improved; neither is the case with regard to Motobu Choki. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 17:53, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Sorry- this is the first article which I have authored on the site, and it is a work in progress. I'm still learning what tools are used, and what certain messages mean. Thanks!

RSimpson

 * I've added a Welcome notice, with useful links. The best thing that you can do is look at other Wikipedia articles, and see how they do things. Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 18:10, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I'm a bit disappointed that you've not only removed the templates again, despite the article not having been wikified or grammar-checked, but that you've reverted the changes I made that indicates how it should be altered (such as section-header styles), and added material that makes the English worse (such as 'consequentially' for 'consequently'). Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 19:19, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I'm just confused as to why whenever I make changes, which include corrections to the grammar and content, the page has reverted back to an older form. For example, I've posted a more complete "Reference" section several times now, but the article which appears later is an older version. I am not trying to 'disappoint' you- I simply don't understand why the corections seem to keep disappearing.

 * You've just – yet again – reverted my changes to the article which I made in order to bring it in line with Wikipedia style. I'm afraid that it's not possible to believe that you're doing this innocently, so your pose of bewildered innocence won't wash.  Merely adding a more complete reference section wouldn't have changed the section headings or the summary.  Continuing to revert the Wikifying changes will unequvocally count as vandalism, and you will risk being blocked from editing for a period.
 * If you're sincere about wanting to improve this article, then do so by all means, but leave the Wikipedia formatting alone. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 21:13, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I do believe that I told you I am new at this. You might try some patience with someone who is trying to contribute positively to this resource. The last time I posted the needed changes, which still included the grammar and wikify notice. I've got it copied on my desktop, so I know what it is supposed to look like. I apologize for the inconcsistency that you are perceiving, but it is not intentional.

 * Don't edit pages on your computer and then just copy them to Wikipedia! You replace anything that other users have done to the article — which is what you've done a number of times to me. It's OK to create articles like that, but not to edit them. Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 21:44, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I only kept a copy of the last posting- I haven't been pasting things into wiki from the desktop. I'm sure it's a technical error on my part.

That explains part of our problem- I am the author of this article. I didn't create an account and log in under it until last night. I'm not trying to override anyone else's work, I'm editing my own.

 * Things are getting confusing, as nobody but me is signing their posts. It would make it a lot clearer if you did.  From the last comment, one problem – at least – seems to have been uncovered: once work is on Wikipedia, it's nobody's and everybody's.  There's a message at the bottom of the edit screen: If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly and redistributed at will, do not submit it.  Once you've started an article, other people are encouraged to edit it and improve it. Mel Etitis  ( Μελ Ετητης ) 09:16, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Previous posts were all mine. That's fine- I am aware of that. I was just clarifying the fact that my editing is not an attempt to 'vandalize' anything on here. RSimpson

Karate
Hello! Why did you take out a perfectly good and important link from the list of federations in the karate article? In stead of doing this, you might have also reverted the vandalist action by Peter Lee! Look at what Jcbos wrote in the summary of the last edit (before your edit)! Regards, Mario R 01:40, 2 August 2005 (UTC)

 * The only thing that I removed was the link to the Genseiryu precepts. There is no need for those on the links section. This is not a politically or personally motivated issue. What is this page about anyway- an accurate summary of karate, regardless of style, or an advertisement for someone's personal preferences? Which is performing more of a service for the art that we practice?RSimpson 22:32, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

 * It's exactly what it says: an agreement. This is the foundation of the World Genseiryu Karatedo Federation. It is not a summary of karate, nor is it an advertisement of any kind. It states the principles of Genseiryu Karate, the main one being that the book Shin Karatedo Kyohan is to be used as guideline for this karate style. The agreement is concidered inside Genseiryu as very important, for it standardizes the style and brings Genseiryu schools all over the world together... I hope I answered your questions to your satisfaction. Feel free to ask any more questions! Regards, Mario R 22:43, 3 August 2005 (UTC)

Yes, but does that agreement, which is only noteworthy to Gensei-ryu practitioners, belong on a general page about karate? A link to the website(s) is fine, but I don't see how a link to an internal agreement, for one of many styles, is vital to this entry. Perhaps it ought to be on a page of it's own, where it coule be appropriately focused on. RSimpson 11:40, 5 August 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Choki Motobu.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Choki Motobu.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is therefore unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL-self to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Shyam ( T / C ) 19:45, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:Giko.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Giko.jpg. I notice the 'image' page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this media yourself then you need to argue that we have the right to use the media on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you have not created the media yourself then you should also specify where you found it, i.e., in most cases link to the website where you got it, and the terms of use for content from that page.

If the media also doesn't have a copyright tag then you must also add one. If you created/took the picture, audio, or video then you can use GFDL-self to release it under the GFDL. If you believe the media qualifies as fair use, please read fair use, and then use a tag such as or one of the other tags listed at Image copyright tags. See Image copyright tags for the full list of copyright tags that you can use.

If you have uploaded other media, please check that you have specified their source and copyright tagged them, too. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any unsourced and untagged images will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Shyam ( T / C ) 12:28, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:RSimpson


text:
Masjid Hajjah Fatimah

The Hajjah Fatimah Mosque (Masjid Hajjah Fatimah; Jawi: ; Masjid Al-Ḥājjah Fāṭimah) is a mosque located along Beach Road in the Kampong Glam district within the Kallang Planning Area in Singapore. The mosque was designed in a mix of Islamic and European architectural styles, and completed in 1846. The mosque is named after an aristocratic Malay lady, Hajjah Fatimah, who commissioned its construction.

History

The building of the mosque was initiated by Hajjah Fatimah, who was originally from a wealthy Malaccan family. She married a Bugis prince from Celebes who ran a trading post in Singapore. In the late 1830s, her house was attacked twice, but she was away for the second one, and to express her gratitude for her safety, she instructed the building of a mosque on the site where the house once stood.

The mosque was designed by an unnamed British architect. It has been suggested that the minaret was designed by John Turnbull Thomson due to a perceived similarity to the design of the first spire of St Andrew's Cathedral, there is however no evidence for this. The mosque was built in 1846. The resulting tower leans slightly (around 6 degrees) off center.

The main prayer hall was rebuilt in the 1930s, based on design by architects Chung & Wong, and constructed by French contractors Bossard & Mopin with Malay workers. The rebuilding added more Islamic elements to the mosque, giving the mosque a mixture of styles.

Masjid Hajjah Fatimah was gazetted as a national monument on 28 June 1973. Today the mosque is owned by Majlis Ugama Islam Singapura (MUIS).

Architecture

The tower leans about six degrees off centre due to moisture seepage, shifting of bricks used in the construction of the tower, and the sandy soil on which it sits. The minaret is flanked by two houses in European style but with Chinese features, for example in its windows and woodwork.

title: Masjid Hajjah Fatimah


text:
Operation Babylift

Operation Babylift was the name given to the mass evacuation of children from South Vietnam to the United States and other western countries (including Australia, France, West Germany, and Canada) at the end of the Vietnam War (see also the Fall of Saigon), on April 3–26, 1975. By the final American flight out of South Vietnam, over 3,300 infants and children had been airlifted, although the actual number has been variously reported. Along with Operation New Life, over 110,000 refugees were evacuated from South Vietnam at the end of the Vietnam War. Thousands of children were airlifted from Vietnam and adopted by families around the world.

Overview

With the central Vietnamese city of Da Nang having fallen in March, and with Saigon under attack and being shelled, on April 3, 1975, U.S. President Gerald Ford announced that the U.S. government would begin airlifting orphans out of Saigon on a series of 30 planned flights aboard Military Airlift Command (MAC) C-5A Galaxy and C-141 Starlifter cargo aircraft operated by 62nd Airlift Wing of the United States Air Force under the command of Major General Edward J. Nash.

Adoption agency Holt International as well as service organizations including Friends of Children of Viet Nam (FCVN), Friends For All Children (FFAC), Catholic Relief Service, International Social Services, International Orphans and the Pearl S. Buck Foundation petitioned the government to help evacuate the various orphans in their facilities in Vietnam. In their book, Silence Broken, Childhelp (International Orphans at the time) founders Sara O'Meara and Yvonne Fedderson chronicle their request from Lieutenant General Lewis William Walt to help with evacuations and finding homes for the Asian-American orphans.

Flights continued until artillery attacks by North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong military units on Tan Son Nhut Air Base rendered airplane flights impossible.

Over 2,500 children were relocated and adopted out to families in the United States and its allies. The operation was controversial because there was question about whether the evacuation was in the children's best interest, and because not all the children were orphans.

When American businessman Robert Macauley learned that it would take more than a week to evacuate the surviving orphans due to the lack of military transport planes, he chartered a Boeing 747 from World Airways and arranged for 300 orphaned children to leave the country, paying for the trip by mortgaging his house.

Frederick M. "Skip" Burkle Jr. served as the medical director of Operation Babylift. He gathered the orphans in Saigon, accompanied them to Clark AB (Air Base) in the Philippines, and continued to care for them on the Boeing 747 across the Pacific Ocean to Los Angeles and then Long Beach Naval Support Activity.

Plane crash
A C-5A Galaxy, serial number 68-0218, flew the initial mission of Operation Babylift departing from Tan Son Nhut Airport shortly after 4 p.m. on April 4, 1975. Twelve minutes after takeoff, there was what seemed to be an explosion as the lower rear fuselage was torn apart. The locks of the rear loading ramp had failed, causing the door to open and separate, and a rapid decompression. Control and trim cables to the rudder and elevators were severed, leaving only one aileron and wing spoilers operating. Two of the four hydraulic systems were out of service. The crew wrestled at the controls, managing some control of the plane through changes in throttle settings, as well as using the one working aileron and wing spoilers. The crew descended to an altitude of 4,000 feet on a heading of 310 degrees in preparation for landing on Tan Son Nhut's runway 25L. About halfway through a turn to final approach, the rate of descent increased too rapidly. Seeing they could not make the runway, full power was applied to bring the nose up. The C-5 touched down briefly in a rice paddy, skidding for a quarter of a mile. Next, the aircraft became airborne again for a half mile before hitting a dike and breaking into four parts, some of which caught fire. According to DIA figures, 175 people survived and 138 people were killed in the crash, including 78 children and 35 Defense Attaché Office, Saigon personnel.

Legacy
The Vietnamese adoptee-run nonprofit, Operation Reunite, is using DNA testing to match adoptees with their Vietnamese families.

A memorial was unveiled in Holmdel, New Jersey, US in April 2015.

Media references

 * Operation Babylift: The Lost Children of Vietnam is a documentary released in 2009 about the adoptees and volunteers as they examine their lives and the effects of this historic mission on their lives nearly 35 years later.
 * Daughter from Đà Nẵng is a 2002 documentary film about an Amerasian woman who returns to visit her biological family in Đà Nẵng, Vietnam after 22 years of separation and living in the United States, having been taken out of Vietnam as a child in Operation Babylift.
 * Precious Cargo – a 2001 documentary film on Operation Babylift and the return of eight adoptees twenty five years later
 * "Operation Babylift: The case of the disappearing orphans," by Helen Jacobus. Cover story of the New Statesman (London), May 11, 1984. pages 8–10; and follow-up story, "Mother Courage of Vietnam finds son in UK," by Jane Thomas, New Statesman, July 20, 1984, page 4.

title: Operation Babylift


text:
Douwe Egberts

Douwe Egberts is a Dutch brand of coffee which is majority-owned by JDE Peet's. It was founded in Joure, Netherlands, by Egbert Douwes in 1753 as De Witte Os ("The White Ox"), a general grocery shop. The company later started dealing specifically in coffee, tea, and tobacco. By 1925, it had changed its name to Douwe Egberts (as in Douwe, the son of Egbert) and introduced its logo, a red seal with a "D.E." initialism.

Its former tobacco brand White Ox was named for the original De Witte Os grocery store in Joure; Douwe Egberts sold White Ox to Imperial Tobacco in 1998.

In May 2017, Douwe Egberts launched aluminium coffee capsules across supermarkets.

At the end of 2019, the company merged with Peet's Coffee and the two continue under the new name JDE Peet's. At the end of May 2020, this company was listed on the Euronext Amsterdam. JDE Peet's has an annual turnover of approximately €7 billion.

Origin and tradition
Douwe Egberts' origins are in Joure, West Frisia where Egbert Douwes established a grocery shop called "De Witte Os" ("The White Ox") in 1752. The company transferred to his eldest son Douwe Egberts in 1780, from whom it adopted its current name.

Court case against the Province of Groningen
The Dutch Province of Groningen was sued in 2007 by Douwe Egberts for explicitly requiring its coffee machine suppliers to meet the EKO organic standard and the fairtrade criteria set by Stichting Max Havelaar, most notably the payment of a minimum price for its coffee and a development premium to producer cooperatives. Douwe Egberts sold a number of coffee brands under self-developed ethical criteria and argued that the requirements were discriminatory. After several months of discussions and legal challenges, the province of Groningen prevailed in a well-publicised judgment in favor of the Province. Coen de Ruiter, director of Stichting Max Havelaar, called the victory a landmark event: "it provides governmental institutions the freedom in their purchasing policy to require suppliers to provide coffee that bears the fair trade criteria, so that a substantial and meaningful contribution is made in the fight against poverty through the daily cup of coffee".

title: Douwe Egberts


text:
Mary Grey (theologian)

Mary Cecilia Grey (born 1941) is a Roman Catholic ecofeminist liberation theologian in the United Kingdom. She edited the journal Ecotheology for 10 years. She has previously been a professor teaching pastoral theology at the University of Wales, Lampeter; contemporary theology at the University of Southampton, La Sainte Union, and St Mary's University, Twickenham; and feminism and Christianity at the Catholic University of Nijmegen in the Netherlands.

Grey was born on 16 June 1941 in Houghton-le-Spring, County Durham. She completed Bachelor of Arts and Master of Arts degrees from the University of Oxford, as well as a diploma in pastoral catechetics, a Master of Arts degree in religious studies, a Bachelor of Sacred Theology degree, and a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the Catholic University of Louvain in Belgium. She is an honorary fellow of Sarum College, Salisbury, and was president of the European Society of Women in Theological Research from 1989 to 1991.

Her research has focused primarily on feminist liberation theology and spiritualities, but has also encompassed ecofeminist theology, ecological theology and spirituality, Indian liberation theology, Christian–Jewish-Palestinian reconciliation, systematic theology from a feminist perspective and the relationship between social justice and theology. Her current work focuses on reconciliation, connecting reconciliation with the earth and reconciliation among ethnic groups.

In recent years, she has given particular focus to reconciliation in Israel and Palestine. Accordingly, she is Chair of Living Stones of the Holy Land Trust, an organization working for justice and peace in the Holy Lands. Grey also serves as Chair of the Theology Group of Friends of Sabeel UK and as a trustee of the Balfour Project, which recognizes Britain's historical role in creating a situation of conflict between Israel and Palestine.

Grey has been involved in a number of other nonprofit organisations. She co-founded Wells for India, a water-based organisation in Rajasthan, India with Nicholas Grey and they currently serve as co-presidents Grey also serves as patron of both the Dalit Solidarity Network UK and the Centre for Theology and Health, Holy Rood House, Thirsk, UK.

title: Mary Grey (theologian)


text:
Johann Wilhelm Wilms

Johann Wilhelm Wilms (March 30, 1772 (baptized) – July 19, 1847) was a Dutch-German composer, best known for setting the poem Wien Neêrlands Bloed to music, which served as the Dutch national anthem from 1815 to 1932.

Biography
Wilms was born in Witzhelden, a small town near Solingen. After receiving lessons from his father and oldest brother in piano and composition, Wilms studied flute on his own. He moved to Amsterdam in 1791 where he played the flute in two orchestras and was soloist in Mozart and Beethoven piano concertos, giving them their Dutch premieres.

He also taught piano at the Koninklijk Nederlandsch Instituut voor Wetenschappen, interviewed applicants for church organist positions, judged composition competitions and wrote for the Allgemeine musikalische Zeitung, a publication he once used as a soapbox to complain about the lack of performance of music by contemporary Dutch composers like himself.

As the events of the French Revolution affected the Netherlands, Wilms wrote several patriotic hymns. However, following the fall of Napoleon and the return of the House of Orange to power, Wilms in 1816 won the open competition for the new Dutch anthem with Wien Neêrlands Bloed (with lyrics by Hendrik Tollens). This led to an increase in commissions by churches and other organisations.

For 23 years Wilms was the organist at a Mennonite church in Amsterdam, where he died.

In 2003, the International Johann Wilhelm Wilms Society (German: Johann Wilhelm Wilms Gesellschaft) was established in Bonn.

Symphonies
Wilms wrote seven symphonies. His symphony in F major was lost and the others sank into obscurity after his death. The chronology of the five early symphonies is not clear even to experts.

His Symphony No. 6 in D minor, which won first prize at the Société des Beaux-Arts Ghent, and Symphony No. 7 in C minor, were recorded in 2003 by Concerto Köln for Deutsche Grammophon.

Selected list of works

 * Concert Overture in E major
 * Flute Concertino in G minor
 * Sonata in D major for Piano Four-Hands, Opus 7 (1800)
 * Piano Concerto No. 1 in E major, Opus 3 (1799)
 * Symphony No. 1 in C major, Opus 9 (c. 1806)
 * Symphony No. 2 in F major, Opus 10 (c. 1808, lost)
 * Piano Concerto No. 2 in C major, Opus 12 (c. 1807)
 * Piano Sonata in B-flat major, Opus 13 (1808)
 * Symphony No. 3 in E-flat major, Opus 14 (c. 1808)
 * Three Violin Sonatas, Opus 21
 * Piano Quartet in C major, Opus 22 (1822)
 * Symphony No. 4 in C minor, Opus 23 (c. 1812)
 * Flute Concerto in D major, Opus 24
 * Two String Quartets (in G minor (c. 1806) and A major), Opus 25. Published in 2007.
 * Sonata in C major for Piano Four-Hands, Opus 31 (1813)
 * Flute Sonata in D, Opus 33 (1813)
 * Sonata in B-flat for Piano Four-Hands, Opus 41 (ca. 1813)
 * Symphony No. 5 in D major, Opus 52 (c. 1817)
 * Symphony No. 6 in D minor, Opus 58 (c. 1823)
 * Symphony No. 7 in C minor (c. 1836)
 * Wien Neêrlandsch bloed
 * Overture in D major
 * Overture in E-flat major (edited by B. Hagels and published in 2006)

Johann Wilhelm Wilms completed at least 5 piano concertos and 5 overtures.

title: Johann Wilhelm Wilms


text:
Talk:Air cavalry

"Meanwhile, the Germans were using the autogyro (grandfather of the modern day helicopter) to airlift downed Luftwaffe pilots back to friendly lines." Do we have a reference for this? DJ Clayworth 17:58, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Iam from Germany, and that is the first time i hear from Autogyros that pickup downed Luftwaffen pilots. I think that is more a legend or fantasy, but no fact or history.

title: Talk:Air cavalry


text:
68th Academy Awards

The 68th Academy Awards ceremony, organized by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS), honored the best films of 1995 in the United States and took place on March 25, 1996, at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles beginning at 6:00 p.m. PST / 9:00 p.m. EST. During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards (commonly referred to as Oscars) in 24 categories. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by David Salzman and Quincy Jones and directed by Jeff Margolis. Actress Whoopi Goldberg hosted the show for the second time, having previously presided over the 66th ceremony in 1994. Three weeks earlier, in a ceremony held at the Regent Beverly Wilshire Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, on March 2, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Richard Dreyfuss.

Braveheart won five awards, including Best Picture. Other winners included Apollo 13, Pocahontas, Restoration, and The Usual Suspects with two awards and Anne Frank Remembered, Antonia's Line, Babe, A Close Shave, Dead Man Walking, Leaving Las Vegas, Lieberman in Love, Mighty Aphrodite, One Survivor Remembers, Il Postino: The Postman, and Sense and Sensibility with one. The telecast garnered almost 45 million viewers in the United States.

Winners and nominees
The nominees for the 68th Academy Awards were announced on February 13, 1996, at 5:38 a.m. PST (13:38 UTC) at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater by president of the academy, and the music producer Quincy Jones. Braveheart led all nominees with ten nominations; Apollo 13 came in second with nine.

The winners were announced during the awards ceremony on March 25, 1996. Braveheart was the ninth film to win Best Picture with no acting nominations. With her Best Supporting Actress win for Mighty Aphrodite, Mira Sorvino became the second consecutive actress to win the aforementioned category for a performance in a film directed by Woody Allen. Best Adapted Screenplay winner Emma Thompson was the first person to win Oscars for both acting and screenwriting. She had previously won Best Actress for her performance in the 1992 film Howards End. This was the first year since the 42nd Academy Awards—and last to date—that none of the acting winners appeared in Best Picture nominees.

Awards
Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface, and indicated with a double dagger (‡).

Academy Honorary Awards

 * Chuck Jones
 * Kirk Douglas

Special Achievement Award

 * John Lasseter for Toy Story

Multiple nominations and awards
The following 19 films received multiple nominations:

The following five films received multiple awards:

Presenters and performers
The following individuals, listed in order of appearance, presented awards or performed musical numbers.

Ceremony information

As a result of the negative reception of David Letterman's stint as host from the preceding year's ceremony, veteran film and television director Gil Cates declined to helm the upcoming festivities. In November 1995, AMPAS recruited music producer and Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award recipient Quincy Jones as producer of the 1996 ceremony. Jones immediately selected actress and comedian Whoopi Goldberg to host the ceremony. In an interview with Los Angeles Times writer Susan King, Jones explained the decision to hire Goldberg saying, "She has all the qualifications to move on a dime, to carry the elegance and the dignity of the show and is very funny. She understands the street. She has everything."

One segment that was staged during the ceremony was an elaborate fashion show showcasing the nominees for Best Costume Design. Produced by fashion photographer Matthew Rolston, the production featured models such as Cameron Alborzian, Tyson Beckford, Tyra Banks, Marcus Schenkenberg and Joel West sporting various costumes from the five films nominated in the category. Initially, actor Jack Nicholson was approached to introduce the segment along with models Naomi Campbell and Claudia Schiffer. However, actor Pierce Brosnan accepted the role of presenter of the segment and award after Nicholson declined those respective duties.

Several other people and elements were also involved with the production of the ceremony. Jeff Margolis served as director for the program. Actress and talk show host Oprah Winfrey interviewed several nominees and other attendees during a seven-minute red carpet arrival segment shown at the beginning of the telecast. Musician and saxophonist Tom Scott served as musical director for the ceremony. Choreographer Jamie King supervised the performances of the Best Song nominees and two dance numbers. Babe, the pig from the eponymous film, and Miss Piggy participated in a comedy sketch during the proceedings. Actor Christopher Reeve, who was paralyzed in a horse riding accident nearly a year earlier, made a surprise appearance on the telecast urging filmmakers to make movies that face the world's most important issues head-on.

Rainbow Coalition protest
Several days before the ceremony, activist group Rainbow Coalition, led by Reverend Jesse Jackson, planned a protest regarding African Americans and other racial minorities in the film industry. The group was voicing its objections to unflattering portrayals of minorities in film and television and the fact that minorities were underemployed in the entertainment industry. Jackson further pointed out the disparity in racial minorities in Hollywood by noting that Best Live Action Short Film nominee Dianne Houston was the only African American nominated that year. Although the group initially planned to demonstrate outside the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion, an agreement between Jackson and producer Jones caused the protest to be moved adjacent to the broadcast facilities of the local ABC affiliate KABC-TV. Nevertheless, Jones remarked that the Academy Awards were not the appropriate venue for such protest declaring "Why should the movie business be different from anything else in America? It's a problem that permeates everything in the country. Every facet of America discriminates."

Division of Best Original Score category
Beginning with this ceremony, the AMPAS music branch divided the category of Best Original Score into two categories: Best Dramatic Score and Best Musical or Comedy Score. This was seen as a response to the dominance of Walt Disney Feature Animation films in the Original Score and Original Song categories in recent years. Four years later, the two scoring categories were merged back into one category.

Christopher Reeve appearance
At the ceremony, Christopher Reeve presented a montage of films which tackled social issues. His appearance was a surprise to the majority of those present and occurred less than a year after the horse-riding accident in which he was paralyzed. Reeve's appearance was kept secret in part so that if any physical issue came about, he could drop out quietly. He attended an early morning closed-door rehearsal, during which he vetoed the idea of using John Williams' 1978 Superman Theme as entrance music. Reeve, along with Jones, had chosen the film clips used in the montage. Reeve received a two-minute standing ovation at during his appearance.

Box office performance of nominees
At the time of the nominations announcement on February 13, the combined gross of the five Best Picture nominees at the US box office was $333 million, with an average of $66.5 million per film. Apollo 13 was the highest earner among the Best Picture nominees with $172 million in domestic box office receipts. The film was followed by Braveheart ($67 million), Babe ($58.2 million), Sense and Sensibility ($24.6 million) and finally Il Postino: The Postman ($10.7 million).

Of the top 50 grossing movies of the year, 47 nominations went to 14 films on the list. Only Toy Story (2nd), Apollo 13 (3rd), Braveheart (23rd), Babe (29th), 12 Monkeys (31st), Casino (38th) and Mr. Holland's Opus (39th) were nominated for directing, acting, screenwriting, or Best Picture. The other box office hits that earned nominations were Batman Forever (1st), Pocahontas (4th), Seven (9th), Crimson Tide (10th), Waterworld (12th), The Bridges of Madison County (21st), The American President (27th) and Sabrina (34th).

Critical reviews
The show received a positive reception from most media publications. The New York Times film critic Janet Maslin raved, "Mr. Jones pointedly turned this year's ceremony into a showcase for Hollywood's new guard." She also praised host Goldberg's opening monologue, remarking that it "established the sharpness of this year's gag writing." People columnist Janice Min wrote that "the most egregious crime at the 68th Academy Awards on March 25 was–egad!–the relentless elegance and good taste that deprived viewers of genuine, Grade A snicker fodder. Television critic Howard Rosenberg of the Los Angeles Times applauded Goldberg's performance, noting that her "confident performance [...] was symbolic of her whopping improvement as host over her showing on the 1994 Oscars."

Some media outlets were more critical of the show. Chicago Tribune television critic Steve Johnson lamented that Goldberg "settled into bland script reading that made one long for David Letterman's cranky unpredictability in the role last year." He also stated that the "Best Costume Design fashion show" was the silliest opening Oscar production number since Rob Lowe and Snow White sang "Proud Mary" in 1989. Ken Tucker of Entertainment Weekly bemoaned that the dominance of Best Picture winner Braveheart and the lack of fashion glamour "had the makings of a tiresome evening."

Ratings and reception
The American telecast on ABC drew in an average of 44.81 million people over its length, which was a 9% decrease from the previous year's ceremony. The show also garnered lower Nielsen ratings compared to the previous ceremony, with 30.48% of households watching over a 48.88 share. It also earned a lower 18–49 demographic rating with an 18.76 rating over a 35.27 share among viewers in that demographic.

In July 1996, the ceremony presentation received seven nominations at the 48th Primetime Emmys. Two months later, the ceremony won one of those nominations for Greg Brunton's lighting design and direction during the telecast.

"In Memoriam"
The annual "In Memoriam" tribute was presented by Academy President Arthur Hiller. The montage featured an excerpt of the main title of The Prince of Tides composed by James Newton Howard.

 * Miklós Rózsa – Composer
 * Ginger Rogers
 * Maxine Andrews
 * Michael V. Gazzo
 * Dean Martin
 * Viveca Lindfors
 * Martin Balsam
 * Friz Freleng – Animator
 * Burl Ives
 * Butterfly McQueen
 * Dorothy Jeakins – Costume Designer
 * Nancy Kelly
 * Lana Turner
 * Elisha Cook Jr.
 * Ida Lupino
 * Harry Horner – Art Director
 * Terry Southern – Writer
 * Haing S. Ngor
 * Michael Hordern
 * Don Simpson – Producer
 * Ross Hunter – Producer
 * Frank Perry – Director
 * Alexander Godunov
 * Louis Malle – Director
 * Howard Koch – Writer
 * George Burns

A separate tribute to actor, dancer and veteran Oscar host Gene Kelly featured tap dancer Savion Glover dancing to the song "Singin' in the Rain" from the 1952 film of the same name.

title: 68th Academy Awards


text:
Syracuse and Utica Direct Railroad

The Syracuse and Utica Direct Railroad, chartered in 1853, a rival company to the Syracuse and Utica Railroad, threatened to build a line from Syracuse, New York to Utica by a more direct route, by way of Vernon. This reduced the total travel time from four hours to three and one-half hours. The road consolidated with the New York Central Railroad in 1853.

History
The Syracuse and Utica Railroad was chartered in 1836 and opened in 1839, extending the line further to Syracuse via Rome (and further to Auburn via the already-opened Auburn and Syracuse Railroad). This line was not direct, going out of its way to stay near the Erie Canal and serve Rome, and so the Syracuse and Utica Direct Railroad was chartered January 26, 1853, although nothing of this line was ever built because the West Shore Railroad served the same purpose.

Company management
In 1853, directors of the company were John Wilkinson, Oliver Teall, Holmes Hutchinson, Joseph Battell, Joel Rathbone, Hamilton White, E. W. Leavenworth, D. Wager, Samuel French, George Barnes and Horace White.

Charles Stebbens was president of the company.

New York Central railroad
The road consolidated with the New York Central Railroad in 1853.

title: Syracuse and Utica Direct Railroad


text:
User talk:Tonyfleming

UN Parliamentary Assembly proposed logo
Here is the answer:

Hello,

Mr. Bummel forwarded your request to me. You are welcome to use the proposed design of a UNPA logo and flag on Wikipedia. Please credit me with the design.

Tony Fleming U.S. Coordinator Campaign for a United Nations Parliamentary Assembly
 * This may not be sufficient. I think in most cases, it's necessary to explicitly agree to license it under the GFDL (i.e. give permission for it to be used not only be Wikipedia but by anyone for any purpose consistent with the GFDL). However, I believe it is acceptable to put a restriction on it that you be credited. See also http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Copyright_problems#Copyright_owners_who_submitted_their_own_work_to_Wikipedia . Thanks, Captain Zyrain 11:17, 2 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Would it be possible to get a larger (higher resolution) image? About 300-400 pixels should be adequate. Thanks, Captain Zyrain 12:20, 3 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I am the designer of the proposed UNPA logo/flag. I am happy to release it under the GFDL as long as credit is given to me for its design. Is this contradictory? What is the appropriate language for me to use to do this? There seems to be squabbles over versions, disclaimers, etc. Please leave a note for me on my User Talk page. Tfleming 14:18, 3 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Thank you for granting permission, I believe that satisfactorily indicates your intent. Yeah, Wikipedia has gotten pretty uptight over image copyright issues in the past few years. Captain Zyrain 14:46, 3 October 2007 (UTC)
 * That is a really awesome logo. Great creative work. Captain Zyrain 16:50, 3 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your assistance and the compliment. Keep up the good work! Tfleming 02:41, 4 October 2007 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:UWFlogo.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:UWFlogo.jpg. You've indicated that the image is being used under a claim of fair use, but you have not provided an adequate explanation for why it meets Wikipedia's requirements for such images. In particular, for each page the image is used on, the image must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Can you please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for each article the image is used in.
 * That every article it is used on is linked to from its description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --FairuseBot (talk) 02:20, 4 November 2008 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:WFAlogo.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:WFAlogo.gif. You've indicated that the image is being used under a claim of fair use, but you have not provided an adequate explanation for why it meets Wikipedia's requirements for such images. In particular, for each page the image is used on, the image must have an explanation linking to that page which explains why it needs to be used on that page. Can you please check

 * That there is a non-free use rationale on the image's description page for each article the image is used in.
 * That every article it is used on is linked to from its description page.

This is an automated notice by FairuseBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. --FairuseBot (talk) 09:24, 4 November 2008 (UTC)

More information needed about File:General Olmsted with United World Federalists Florida Delegates (1952).jpeg
Hello, !

It was really helpful of you to you to upload File:General Olmsted with United World Federalists Florida Delegates (1952).jpeg. However, we need to properly format the image license information in order to keep and use new images.

If you can edit the description and add one of these templates, that would be great. If you're not sure how or would like some help, please ask us at the media copyright questions page and we'll be happy to assist you.

Thanks again! --ImageTaggingBot (talk) 03:05, 5 January 2012 (UTC)

Wikiproject United Nations: We need you!
Dear Tonyfleming, I noticed your name was under the participants' list of WikiProject United Nations. I wanted to invite you to contribute to the advancement of this project. Here's how you can do so: 1. Select the latest CC BY SA publications for which no articles have been created yet available here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_Nations/Open_Access_text/Education_publications 2. Follow the instructions available here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Adding_open_license_text_to_Wikipedia 3. Add the text to Wikipedia (either by creating new articles or adding content to existing ones). Since these are available under CC BY SA, you can copy/paste content and/or edit if need be. 4. Attribute the text using the 'Free-content attribution' template in the 'Sources' section. 5. Add your contribution in the table here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_United_Nations/Open_Access_text/Education_publications Don't hesitate to reach out if you have any questions! Looking forward to working with you on enriching Wikipedia, one article at a time:)! C.recalde — Preceding unsigned comment added by C.recalde (talk • contribs) 15:04, 6 March 2019 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Nunsg.GIF

The file File:Nunsg.GIF has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "unused, low-res, no obvious use"

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion.

This bot DID NOT nominate any file(s) for deletion; please refer to the page history of each individual file for details. Thanks, FastilyBot (talk) 01:02, 12 May 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tonyfleming


text:
User:Lysy/History of Vilnius

The contents of this page moved to History of Vilnius.

title: User:Lysy/History of Vilnius