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Talk:Rosslyn, Virginia

Building heights
Regarding the following statement:
 * the numerous skyscrapers in the dense business section of Rosslyn make it in some ways more urban than much of Washington. This is partly due to the Washington ordinance which restricts buildings from being taller than the Washington Monument.

The height ordinance was in response to the construction of the controversial Cairo Hotel (1894). The actual height limits are determined by the width of the street and are not linked to the height of the Washington Monument. See Talk:Washington, D.C. or do a Google search on "The Cairo" building height "Washington DC". -- Gyrofrog (talk) 17:59, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Other business districts
Is there a reason this information is supplied in the article? At best, any listing of such places should involve a category. If no one provides a good reason, I'll edit the article to remove this section or at least, make it more suitable for inclusion. ~ (The Rebel At) ~ 18:36, 2 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Been four months, no objections. I'm just going to delete this section as its not really relevant.  ~ (The Rebel At) ~  00:24, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Article structure -- any thoughts?
I am interested in bringing this article closer in line with the article structure guideline for US cities, and have started out by adding citations to sections that were previously unsourced. This article also has a handful of sources which do not meet Wikipedia's policy on reliable sources, as many are primary sources (e.g. the source for Turnberry tower was turnberrytower.com, which I replaced with a Washington Post article covering the construction of this building).

As I begin with sourcing improvements, do others have any thoughts on the overall structure of the article? Cheers, Jeff Bedford (talk) 16:17, 24 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Thanks for doing this and allowing others to comment.

 * Comment on content: USA Today section seems unnecessarily long, as does Expos, since the initiative failed and since other areas were involved. Not sure this is the best place at all. Maybe county article.

 * zipcare is Infrastructure/transportation, not economy.

 * Tallest condos is under something else but economy doesn't quite hit the mark IMO.

 * Trails, on the other hand, seems somewhat touristy, not transportation. Less likely, recreation.

 * You're probably already thinking of this, but it lacks Education.

 * So obvious to everyone who lives there, but "local government" needs to be brought out clearly. Seems like it is there to the resident, but not to the casual visitor. Good luck! Student7 (talk) 00:10, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

 * Thanks Student7, you've raised several excellent points! Agreed on all of the above. Given the depth of information we're dealing with, my plan is to re-work the article one section at a time, beginning with History, which I'll loosely be modeling after Streeterville. I feel we should tackle the intro section last, since WP:LEAD calls for it to be a brief summary of the whole article. Just to clarify to others, I don't intend to imply ownership of this article; instead, I urge others to jump in and edit/tackle sections of the Rosslyn article that they feel they can help bring up to Wikipedia standards.

 * Student7 (or any others reading), is there a section that you have a particular knowledge/interest in taking on while I begin with History? Jeff Bedford (talk) 19:23, 28 February 2011 (UTC)

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Time Twister

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Sam Levene

Sam Levene (born Scholem Lewin; August 28, 1905 – December 28, 1980) was an American Broadway, films, radio, and television actor and director. In a career spanning over five decades, he appeared in over 50 comedy and drama theatrical stage productions. He also acted in over 50 films across the United States and abroad.

Early life
Levene was born as Scholem Lewin in Belarus, the youngest of five children by a dozen years. He immigrated to the United States when he was two years old. He grew up on the Lower East Side of Manhattan on Avenue D and 8th Street and attended Public School 64. In 1923, Levene dropped out of Stuyvesant High School. Since he had been in the class of Broadway for over five decades, the illustrious dropout was given a special award, his Stuyvesant High School diploma, in a 1976 ceremony held at the New York's Princeton Club.

Broadway
On April 20, 1927, Levene made his Broadway stage debut earning 60 dollars a week with his first Actor's Equity contract. A five-line role, Levene acted as District Attorney William Thompson in the original Broadway melodrama Wall Street, a play that only ran for three weeks at the Hudson Theatre.

In 1980, Levene's last and thirty-ninth Broadway credit was his starring role as Daniel Horowitz in the 1980 comedy Horowitz and Mrs. Washington directed by Joshua Logan which closed after a run of only 10 previews and six performances at the John Golden Theatre. Although the Henry Denker comedy was panned, Levene's star power and comedic performance enabled a five-month tour of Horowitz and Mrs. Washington which went on Christmas hiatus on Saturday December 13, 1980, and turned out to be Levene's final stage performance in Canada, just two weeks prior to his death on December 28, 1980.

Levene's Broadway career began with five years of steady employment in nondescript roles in ten Broadway plays, including a series of flops. One titled Solitaire (1929), was a Broadway play about a Coney Island midget that only ran four performances at the now demolished Waldorf Theatre, partially financed with a $500 last-minute investment from Levene's older brother Joe.

Emanuel Azenberg and Eugene Wolsk worked with Levene twice in two Broadway productions and two national tours; the first time as company managers when Levene replaced Alan King in the starring role of Dr. Jack Kingsley in the original Broadway production of The Impossible Years (1966), which Levene performed 322 times on Broadway and later headlined and starred in the national tour. Six years later, Azenberrg and Wolsk were lead producers when Levene was cast as Al Lewis opposite Jack Albertson as Willie Clark to co-star in Neil Simon's The Sunshine Boys (1972); after performing the role of Al Lewis 466 times in the original Broadway production, Levene and Albertson headlined the subsequent national tour. In his December 21, 1972, review of the original Broadway production of The Sunshine Boys in The New York Times, theatre critic Clive Barnes wrote, "Jack Albertson as the heart-stricken comic never puts a line wrong. He is always pathetic but never enough to make you cry. Lovely. His acerbic partner, Sam Levene, is as tough as vintage chewing gum, and yet with a sort of credible lovability."

Theatrical career
Levene appeared in over 50 theatrical stage productions in the United States and abroad. A master of farce and comedy, Levene was equally effective in drama as well. Levene's Broadway credits include performances in 39 Broadway productions, 33 of which were performances Levene created in the original Broadway productions, and a 10-month USO tour.

Over his 54-year Broadway career, Levene performed in 39 Broadway productions at 29 different Broadway Theaters, and at some Theaters, several times. Levene performed over 1,600 times at the now demolished Playhouse Theater in four original Broadway productions, three of which Levene had starring roles after first appearing in Street Scene (1929), Three Men on a Horse (1935), Make a Million (1958) and The Impossible Years (1966). In a 1976 interview with Tom McMorrow for the New York Daily News.

Levene's Broadway credits include starring roles in three Broadway revivals, portraying businessmen Boss Mangan in George Bernard Shaw's Heartbreak House (1959) directed by Harold Clurman, recreating his original Broadway performance as Patsy, the racetrack gambler originated three decades earlier, in the acclaimed all-star Broadway revival of the smash hit farce Three Men on a Horse (1969) and performing the role of veteran theatre producer Oscar Wolfe in the all-star 1975-19976 Broadway revival of George S. Kaufman and Edna Ferber's The Royal Family (1975) directed by Ellis Rabb; the production was filmed for the series Great Performances on November 9, 1977.

Levene starred in two major UK productions; in 1953, he recreated his original Broadway performance as Nathan Detroit in the first UK production of Guys and Dolls which opened at The Coliseum a few days before the 1953 Coronation which had a run of 553 performances. In 1954, Sam Levene originated the role of Horace Vandergelder in the world premiere production of Thornton Wilder's The Matchmaker (1954), initially at the Edinburgh Festival in Scotland.

Levene originated the "craps-shooter extraordinaire" Nathan Detroit in the American musical Guys and Dolls on the Great White Way in the original 1950 Broadway production directed by the inimitable George S. Kaufman. Levene has been synonymous with the role of Nathan Detroit for seven decades; Guys and Dolls book co-author Abe Burrows specifically crafted the role of Nathan Detroit around and for Levene who signed for the project long before Burrows ever wrote a single word of dialogue, a similar break Burrows said he had when he wrote Cactus Flower for Lauren Bacall. In Honest, Abe: Is There Really No Business Like Show Business?, Burrows recalled: "I had the sound of their voices in my head. I knew the rhythm of their speech and it helped make the dialogue sharper and more real." Burrows had the advantage of writing dialogue built around Sam Levene 's New York Jewish cadences. The creative talent of Guys and Dolls agreed Levene was perfect for the role of Nathan Detroit (Damon Runyon had been one of Levene's fans). Frank Loesser agreed it was easier adjusting the music to Levene's limitations than substituting a better singer who couldn't act. Levene is the reason the lead role of Nathan Detroit has one major song, the duet "Sue Me".

Hundreds of productions of Guys and Dolls are staged annually and Sam Levene's comedic performance as Nathan Detroit still makes headlines, largely because it became the gold standard classic. Frank Rich, Chief Theatre Critic, The New York Times, like most critics, lauded the 1992 Guys and Dolls revival directed by Jerry Zaks stating: "this is an enchanting rebirth of the show that defines Broadway dazzle." However, regarding Nathan Lane's performance as Nathan Detroit, Frank Rich observed, "The supremely gifted actor Nathan Lane does not remotely echo the first Nathan Detroit, Sam Levene, for whose New York Jewish cadences the role was written. Mr. Lane is more like a young Jackie Gleason and usually funny in his own right, though expressions like 'all right, already' and 'so nu?' do not fall trippingly from his tongue." Los Angeles Times Critic Emeritus Sylvie Drake reviewed the 1993 Guys and Dolls touring production also directed by Jerry Zaks at the Hollywood Pantages Theatre had a similar observation, comparing David Garrison's portrayal of Nathan Detroit to Sam Levene's original 1950 Broadway performance, writing: "The wiry Garrison's Detroit physically harks back more to the 1950 original played by Sam Levene, than to Nathan Lane, who played the role on Broadway last year. But unlike Levene, Garrison doesn't come across down, dirty or gritty. Knowing this actor's talent, one finds his amiable New York gangster surprisingly bloodless and almost genteel."

Levene performed the role of Nathan Detroit in Guys and Dolls over 1,600 times, initially 41 times in the 1950 pre-Broadway Philadelphia tryout where each performance was different, two years performing his classic role in the original Broadway production, a week's stint at London's Bristol Hippodrome before co-starring with Vivian Blaine for a year in the first UK production, six months performing the role twice daily in a one and half hour version of the Broadway hit at the Royal Nevada's Theatre-in-the Desert, the first Las Vegas production and the 15th anniversary six week production, three weeks in Mineola, New York and three weeks in Paramus, New Jersey in 1965.

Levene reprised his performance as Nathan Detroit on the Decca's original cast recording of the Broadway musical Guys and Dolls according to Variety, original cast album sales totaled 250,000 as of September 1, 1954. Guys and Dolls composer and lyricist Frank Loesser specifically wrote "Sue Me" in one octave for Levene and structured the song so he and Vivian Blaine never sang their show-stopping duet number together; the son of a cantor, Levene was fluent in Yiddish: "Alright, already, I'm just a no-goodnick; alright, already, it's true, so nu? So sue me." Frank Loesser felt "Nathan Detroit should be played as a brassy Broadway tough guy who sang with more grits than gravy." Levene sang "Sue Me" with "such a wonderful Runyonesque flavor that his singing had been easy to forgive, in fact it had been quite charming in its ineptitude."

Alan Alda, son of Guys and Dolls co-star Robert Alda, recalls watching Levene perform Nathan Detroit while standing in the wings. In Never Have Your Dog Stuffed; And Other Things I’ve Learned, Alan Alda recalls, "Watching Sam Levene was thrilling. He could ride a moment as if a wild animal. New meanings occurred to him on the spot. Not only did he play the same lines differently every night, but the laughs rolled in from the audience in different places. How did he do it? This kind of spontaneity and this utter commitment to the moment became what I wanted to have. As good as my father was, what I was seeing as they played together a few feet away was the difference between burlesque and theatre, between performing and acting. I chose acting. I wanted to be Sam."

For three decades Levene reprised his role as Patsy from Three Men on a Horse (1935) numerous times on stage, film, TV and radio; the first time when he made his motion picture debut in Three Men on a Horse (1936) directed and produced by Mervyn LeRoy; three times on radio, two USO tours playing 200 shows to 120,000 servicemen, the first legitimate U.S. theatrical production mounted overseas. Due to security, the USO cast was reduced from 12 to 7 without losing a minute of running dialogue. According to a May 26, 1945 Billboard interview, Levene said, "the G.I.s' gratefulness is absolutely embarrassing. They express it not only by applause but by meeting you personally and giving you objects which they have fought and bled for. They lose sight of the fact that they are the ones fighting the war."

Levene as Patsy and Shirley Booth as Mabel reprised their original Broadway roles in two ABC radio versions produced by the Theatre Guild on the Air, the first adapted by playwright Arthur Miller aired January 6, 1946; the second aired June 1, 1947 with David Wayne as Erwin. Three decades after creating the role of Patsy in the Broadway production of Three Men On A Horse, Levene reprised the role of Patsy on Broadway in Let It Ride (1961), a Broadway musical which had an abbreviated run of 69 performances at the Eugene O'Neill Theatre. Let It Ride (1961) boasted a score by the songwriting team of Jay Livingston and Ray Evans, best known for creating three Oscar-winning songs, Buttons and Bows, Mona Lisa and Que Sera, Sera and two other movie songs that were smash hits, Silver Bells and Tammy; on television, the team wrote the Bonanza and Mister Ed theme songs. Levene performed the Let It Ride title song on the Let It Ride float in the 1961 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. Levene performed the role of Patsy one last time in the 1969 all-star Broadway revival of Three Men On A Horse directed by George Abbott, the original Broadway director and co-author which was preceded by a national tour Levene directed, starring Levene as Patsy and Bert Parks as Erwin. In a 1969 review of the all-star Broadway revival of Three Men on a Horse, The New York Times theatre critic Clive Barnes wrote "Sam Levene originated the role of Patsy in 1935—by now it’s his. Still looking like a man whose eyes have been allocated the wrong size eyelids, still mugging, double taking, offering his celebrated impersonation of an actor impersonating a character that would based himself on Damon Runyon, Mr. Levene is great. No one in the world plays Mr. Levene as he does, And what’s more, no one ever will".

After making his Broadway debut 43 years earlier, Levene made his Off-Broadway debut, starring in Irv Bauer's A Dream Out of Time at the Promenade Theatre, Levene's only Off-Broadway appearance. In 1976, Levene was cast as Tubal, Shylock's business partner, in the Broadway production of The Merchant based on an adaptation of The Merchant of Venice but withdrew from the Philadelphia tryout after Zero Mostel, the play's star and Levene's lifelong dear friend died after first collapsing in his dressing room; Levene observed, "I was too close to Zero and a play we both loved, to do it without him." When John Dexter, the director, asked Levene if he would continue in the show, Levene told Dexter, "We just had one death; we don't need two." Understudy Joseph Leon replaced Zero Mostel for the Broadway production of The Merchant which closed November 19, 1977, after five performances. Levene's final Broadway credit was performing the starring role of Samuel Horowitz in the Broadway comedy Horowitz and Mrs. Washington (1980) co-starring Esther Rolle, directed by Joshua Logan. In 1980, Levene starred in a summer stock and national tour of Horowitz and Mrs. Washington co-starring Claudia McNeil.

Film career
Nine years after making his Broadway debut, Levene was lured and moved to Hollywood in 1936 when he made his motion picture debut as Patsy in the Warner Bros. film Three Men on a Horse (1936) directed and produced by Mervyn LeRoy. Levene earned $1,000 a week to recreate on film his comedic Broadway role as Patsy he had played for seventy weeks in the original Broadway production of Three Men on a Horse (1935).

Levene had 50 film credits. Levene worked with every major Hollywood studio over his five-decade Hollywood career; 14 of Levene's films were at MGM, which include two appearances as Police Lieutenant Abrams in the Thin Man series: After the Thin Man (1936) and Shadow of the Thin Man (1941), plus Yellow Jack (1938), The Shopworn Angel (1938), Married Bachelor (1941), Sunday Punch (1942), Grand Central Murder (1942), Whistling in Brooklyn (1943), I Dood It (1943), Shoe Shine Boy (1943 short), Dial 1119 1950, The Opposite Sex (1956), Designing Woman (1957) and The Champ (1979). Levene appeared in five RKO films, including The Mad Miss Manton (1938); Sing Your Worries Away (1942); The Big Street (1942) and A Likely Story (1947) and Crossfire, the first B picture to receive a best picture nomination. Levene appeared in six Universal Pictures films: Destination Unknown (1942), Gung Ho! (1943), The Killers (1946), Brute Force (1947), Slaughter on Tenth Avenue (1957), and Kathy O' (1958). His final film was ...And Justice for All (1979).

Levene worked with Barbara Stanwyck in two films, in 1938, Sam Levene co-starred as Lieutenant Brent who "steals a few scenes with his great delivery of lines", in The Mad Miss Manton (1938), a screwball comedy that starred Henry Fonda; 31-year-old Stanwyck earned $60,000 for the film; 33-year-old Fonda earned $25,000, and 35-year-old Sam Levene earned $1,500 a week. The following year Levene appeared as Siggie in film version of Golden Boy, replacing John Garfield who performed the role in the original Broadway production of the Clifford Odets play about the brutality of prizefighting; critics praised the performance of William Holden as boxer Joe Bonaparte, but it was 27-year-old Lee J. Cobb as the senior Bonaparte and Sam Levene as Holden's taxi driver brother-in-law who walked away with the picture and the reviews.

Film noir
Levene established himself as one of the stalwarts of film noir. He is one of several veterans of the genre who are graduates of the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, including Lauren Bacall, Hume Cronyn, Kirk Douglas, Nina Foch, Agnes Moorehead, Thelma Ritter and Edward G. Robinson. Levene's best known film noir credits include his performance as Samuels, the murdered GI, in Crossfire (1947) and as Lieutenant Lubinsky in The Killers (1946). The Killers features the movie debut of Burt Lancaster, who just a year prior was professionally credited as Burton Lancaster when Levene helped the former circus acrobat land a part in the original Broadway production of A Sound of Hunting starring Levene. In The Killers, Sam Levene plays Police Lt. Sam Lubinsky, a childhood friend of the Swede, played by Lancaster; Levene's co-starring role was fortuitous as he was credited in making Lancaster feel at ease in his motion picture debut. It was lucky he was on the set with Burt Lancaster maintained actor Jeff Corey ''because Burt didn't feel too comfortable in his first film. Sam would frequently get on his ass. C'mon, c'mon. Do the goddamn thing. You pick up the piece of jewelry. Can't you do that and say the f....ing line? Lancaster was never offended. He appreciated, because he loved Sam; everyone did. When several Hollywood studios initially wanted to sign Lancaster, Levene, who was Lancaster's co-star in the 1946 Broadway melodrama A Sound of Hunting'', agreed to represent him; eventually the two actors became lifelong friends. Together Lancaster and Levene fielded offers from David O. Selznick, 20th Century-Fox and Hal B. Wallis, who had a deal at Paramount Pictures, ultimately introducing Lancaster to Harold Hecht, who became Lancaster's long-time agent and Hollywood film production partner. Burt Lancaster and Sam Levene also worked together in two other film noirs, the 1947 Brute Force, directed by Jules Dassin, Lancaster's second film, which appears on several film noir lists and the acclaimed film noir Sweet Smell of Success included on AFI's Catalogue of Feature Films.

Other Sam Levene noir credits include: Dave Woods, as a newspaper reporter, who gives a performance not to be missed who steals the show as a dirt digging journalist who is ultimately fighting for righteousness, writing hard-hitting articles attacking the police in Elia Kazan's crime film noir Boomerang, Dr. John Faron, a psychiatrist in Dial 1119, Capt. Tonetti in the 1950 Guilty Bystander and Howard Rysdale in the 1957 Slaughter on Tenth Avenue (1957). Alan K. Rode observed "Slaughter on Tenth Avenue was bolstered by a terrific ensemble cast headed by Richard Egan, Jan Sterling, Julie Adams, Walter Matthau, Dan Duryea, Charles McGraw and Sam Levene, who performs yeoman work as a realpolitik Manhattan district attorney, forced to temper the hard-charging idealism of assistant Egan who inevitably triumphs in the end".

Radio
For most of his early film and Broadway stage career, Sam Levene straddled an active schedule with starring roles in a range of productions on all radio networks, including comedic performances and skits along with dramatic and comedy roles in abridged versions of important theatrical stage productions and adaptations on leading series, often reprising roles he had previously played on the Broadway stage and on film. Levene co-starred with Orson Welles in two important adaptations of stage productions for Welles' The Campbell Playhouse, first as Lefty in Burlesque, February 17, 1939 and five weeks later, March 24, 1939, as Owen O'Malley, the John Barrymore part, in Twentieth Century. Levene starred in nine Theatre Guild on the Air productions; two radio versions of Three Men on a Horsethe first adapted by Arthur Miller aired January 6, 1946; the second June 1, 1947 with David Wayne joining the cast as Erwin. A third Three Men on a Horse production sponsored by Lady Esther for the Screen Guild Players aired February 28, 1944 with Levene as Patsy and Charlie Ruggles as Erwin. Other Theatre Guild on the Air radio appearances include performing the role of "Banjo" with Fred Allen as Sheridan Whiteside in George S. Kaufman and Moss Hart's The Man Who Came to Dinner. Levene recreated his original Broadway performance as Sidney Black, the loud-mouth producer, in Moss Hart's Light Up the Sky opposite Joan Bennett and Thelma Ritter for the Theatre Guild on the Air, April 16, 1951, a role he performed in a live performance on Ford Theatre on CBS TV.

Levene reprised his film role as Dave Woods, the reporter in Elia Kazan's Boomerang for Theatre Guild on the Air; and appeared as Moody, the fight manager, in Golden Boy by Clifford Odets opposite long-time friend and co-star June Havoc and Dana Andrews whom Levene had just worked with filming Boomerang. For Suspense Radio on CBS, Levene reprised his film role as Samuels, the murdered Jewish soldier, in Crossfire, April 10, 1948. Levene and Havoc worked with each many times in radio, film, theatre and television. In 1942, Havoc and Levene co-starred in the RKO film Sing Your Worries Away. In 1957, Havoc and Levene guest-starred on The Mother Bit in Season 9 of TV's Studio One series; in 1959 Levene and Havoc were guest stars in The Larry Fay Story for Season 2 of The Untouchables; in a dramatic role, Sam Levene was nightclub owner and mob boss Larry Fay, accused of price fixing milk and June Havoc was Sally Kansas, Fay's lover, who also appeared as a lounge singer in one of Fay's nite clubs.

Levene frequently appeared on Fred Allen's Texaco Star Theatre in a sketch comedy segment known as Allen's Alley. Sam Levene along with 12 major Hollywood and Broadway stars, including Helen Hayes, Fredric March and Ralph Bellamy created 13 episodes of Lest We Forget, a series of radio programs that directly addressed prejudice and discrimination. Created by the Institute for Democratic Education and Boston University Radio Institute, Sam Levene starred as a cab driver who becomes in a hero in Hey Cabbie, an episode that unabashedly addresses anti-semitism. Levene along with Edward G. Robinson and Frank Sinatra made a series of appearances in We Will Never Die, a memorial pageant dedicated to the victims of the Holocaust; performed around the country at major venues, including Madison Square Garden and the Hollywood Bowl, the elaborate production, also broadcast on radio, was co-authored by Ben Hecht and Kurt Weill and directed by Moss Hart. On a lighter note, Levene made a New Year's Eve appearance on The Big Show with his Guys and Dolls co-star Vivian Blaine on December 31, 1950; Levene performed a skit with Tallulah Bankhead who had declined an invitation to appear on Ken Murray's show so that she could obtain theatre tickets to Guys and Dolls.

Jewish heritage
Sam Levene was one of the few Jewish actors who played characters who had a Jewish name in the 1930s and 1940s; notably in After the Thin Man (1936) as Lieutenant Abrams, in The Purple Heart (1944) Levene played the role of Lt. Wayne Greenbaum, a level-headed, brave, New York-bred Jewish lawyer who is defender and spokesman for a group of eight aviators brought to trial when they are downed in Japanese-held territory; in The Killers (1946), he was Police Lt. Sam Lubinsky; in Crossfire (1947), Levene was cast as Samuels, a Jewish civilian who was murdered at the start of the film; in a 1947 personal appearance, Levene said "Crossfire is a powerful denunciation of anti-Semitism and naturally I played the Jew and naturally I was killed." Cy Feuer, co-producer of the original Broadway production of Guys and Dolls (1950) said in a New York Times interview "Sam Levene was the ultimate Jew," referring to the original Nathan Detroit. "It was perfect casting. He created the character by living." Unanimous raves greeted Sam Levene for his portrayal of the skeptical but good-hearted Jewish doctor, Dr. Aldo Mayer, in the 1961 Broadway production of "The Devil's Advocate".

Levene lost the role of Nathan Detroit to Frank Sinatra in the film version. "You can't have a Jew playing a Jew; it wouldn't work on screen," producer Samuel Goldwyn argued, explaining why he wanted Sinatra rather than Levene—who had originated the role—to play the part of Nathan Detroit in the film version even though film director Joseph L. Mankiewicz wanted Levene, the original Broadway star. Mankiewicz said, "If there could be one person in the world more miscast as Nathan Detroit than Frank Sinatra that would be Laurence Olivier and I am one of his greatest fans; the role had been written for Sam Levene who was divine in it."

Fordham University Professor of Music Larry Stempel, author of Showtime: A History of the Broadway Musical Theater, said if given a choice, he would cast Levene, who created the role on Broadway, as the ideal Nathan Detroit instead of Nathan Lane, who played the part in the Broadway revival, or Frank Sinatra, who played the part on film, stating, "Musically, he may have been tone-deaf, but he inhabited Frank Loesser’s world as a character more than a caricature."

Caricatures
Over five decades Al Hirschfeld, considered the greatest caricaturist of the 20th century, created nine caricatures capturing seven original Broadway performances created by Levene, the first in 1935, the last 1975. A Hirschfeld caricature of Levene captures his performance as Nathan Detroit wearing his pinstripe suit designed by Alvin Colt in the original 1950 Broadway production of Guys and Dolls and published in The New York Times November 19, 1950. In 2000, the Guys and Dolls caricature included in The Museum of The City of New York exhibition "Guys and Dolls: The Fabled Musical of Broadway". In 2015, the caricature was exhibited in "The Hirschfeld Century" at The New York Historical Society. The first time Hirschfeld captured Levene was his Broadway performance as Patsy along with Shirley Booth as Mabel in the 1935 original Broadway production of Three Men on a Horse; a second caricature of Levene and Booth featuring the Broadway casts from Tobacco Road and The Children's Hour published in the New York Herald Tribune June 7, 1936 celebrates Broadway long-runs. Hirschfeld created two caricatures of Levene's critically acclaimed performance as Max Gordon, the shoestring producer, in the original 1937 Broadway production of Room Service, published in the New York Herald Tribune and The Brooklyn Eagle. Hirschfeld captured Levene's poignant performance as Al Lewis giving Willie Clark "the finger" in the original Broadway production of The Sunshine Boys published in The New York Times on December 13, 1972. Hirschfeld also captured Levene's original Broadway performances in Margin For Error and Light Up The Sky. Other notable caricaturists who memorialized Levene's stage performances include Sam Norkin, Al Frueh and William Auerbach-Levy. Al Frueh, who created caricatures of Broadway shows, mostly for The New Yorker for three decades until 1962, captured six of Levene's original Broadway performances, including Busch from the original Broadway production of Yellow Jack (1934), Patsy from the original Broadway production of Three Men on a Horse (1935), Sidney Black from the original Broadway production of Light Up The Sky, Nathan Detroit from the 1950 original Broadway production of Guys and Dolls; Boss Mangan in the 1959 all-star Broadway revival of Heartbreak House, directed and co-starring Maurice Evans and Officer Finkelstein, the Jewish policeman, in the 1939 original Broadway production of Margin for Error. Over a period of four decades William Auerbach-Levy (1889-1964) created 15 caricatures celebrating ten Sam Levene original Broadway starring performances including: Nathan Detroit in Guys and Dolls (1950), five caricatures; Patsy in Three Men on a Horse (1935), Officer Finkelstein in Margin for Error (1939), Pvt. Dino Collucci in A Sound of Hunting (1945), Sidney Black in Light Up The Sky (1948), Lou Winkler in Fair Game (1957), Sid Gray in Make A Million (1958), Odilon in The Good Soup (1960), Patsy in Let It Ride (1961), Dr. Aldo Meyer in The Devil's Advocate (1961), Morris Seidman in Seidman and Son (1962).

Personal life
Levene married Constance Kane in 1953. The couple had one son together, Joseph K. Levene, before their divorce. On December 28, 1980, Levene died of an apparent heart attack in New York City. He was buried in Mount Carmel Cemetery, Glendale, Queens.

Awards
Nominated for the 1961 Tony Award for Best Actor in a play for The Devil's Advocate, Levene never received a Tony Award; by the time the Tony Award's were established in 1947, Levene had already created roles in 19 original Broadway shows, none Tony eligible, including performances in the original Broadway productions of Dinner at Eight (1932), Three Men on a Horse (1935), Room Service (1937) and Margin for Error (1939). In 1960, Levene was awarded the Actors Fund Medal of Honor, at the time, the second actor awarded the honor.

On April 9, 1984, Levene was posthumously inducted in the American Theatre Hall of Fame; his son, Joseph K. Levene, accepted the American Theatre Hall of Fame award from Dorothy Loudon who co-starred as Mabel with Levene in 1969 all-star revival of Three Men on a Horse.

In 1998, Sam Levene, Robert Alda, Vivian Blaine, Isabel Bigley and Pat Rooney, Sr. were posthumously inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame for the 1950 Decca original cast album of Guys and Dolls.

In a 1996 New York letter to the editor, Sam Levene's son Joseph K. Levene, thanked film critic David Denby stating, “My father, the late great Sam Levene, has received many kudos illuminating his career as an actor, none recalled the passion for the theater more clearly than David Denby's comment in his review of Everyone Says I Love You: Sam Levene playing Nathan Detroit in the original Guys and Dolls couldn't sing a note but his gruff toneless outbursts could break your heart. Levene was not cautious and that made all the difference. Joseph added, "There were no Tony's in his career but thanks for the Denby."

title: Sam Levene


text:
List of art movements

 * See Art periods for a chronological list.

This is a list of art movements in alphabetical order. These terms, helpful for curricula or anthologies, evolved over time to group artists who are often loosely related. Some of these movements were defined by the members themselves, while other terms emerged decades or centuries after the periods in question.

A

 * Afrofuturism
 * ASCII art
 * Abstract art
 * Art Brut
 * Abstract expressionism
 * Abstract illusionism
 * Academic art
 * Action painting
 * Aestheticism
 * Altermodern
 * American Barbizon school
 * American Impressionism
 * American realism
 * American Scene Painting
 * Analytical art
 * Antipodeans
 * Arabesque
 * Arbeitsrat für Kunst
 * Art & Language
 * Art Deco
 * Art Informel
 * Art Nouveau
 * Art photography
 * Arte Povera
 * Artificial intelligence art
 * Arts and Crafts movement
 * Ashcan School
 * Assemblage
 * Australian Tonalism
 * Les Automatistes
 * Auto-destructive art
 * Avant-garde

B

 * Barbizon school
 * Baroque
 * Bauhaus
 * Berlin Secession
 * Black Arts Movement
 * Bengal School of Art
 * Brutalism

C

 * Classical Realism
 * Cloisonnism
 * COBRA
 * Color Field
 * Context art
 * Computer art
 * Concrete art
 * Conceptual art
 * Constructivism
 * Crystal Cubism
 * Cubo-Futurism
 * Cubism
 * Cynical realism

D

 * Dada
 * Dansaekhwa
 * Danube school
 * Dau-al-Set
 * De Stijl (also known as Neoplasticism)
 * Deconstructivism
 * Didacticism
 * Digital art

E

 * Ecological Art
 * Environmental art
 * Modern European ink painting
 * Excessivism
 * Exoticism
 * Expressionism

F

 * Fantastic realism
 * Fauvism
 * Feminist art
 * Figurative art
 * Figuration Libre
 * Fine Art
 * Folk art
 * Flemish painting
 * Fluxus
 * Funk art
 * Futurism

G

 * Geometric abstract art
 * Glitch art
 * Graffiti/Street Art
 * Gutai group
 * Gothic art

H

 * Happening
 * Harlem Renaissance
 * Heidelberg School
 * Hudson River School
 * Hurufiyya
 * Hypermodernism
 * Hyperrealism

I

 * Impressionism
 * Incoherents
 * Interactive Art
 * Institutional critique
 * International Gothic
 * International Typographic Style

J

 * Japonisme

K

 * Kinetic art
 * Kinetic Pointillism
 * Kitsch movement

L

 * Land art
 * Les Nabis
 * Letterism
 * Light and Space
 * Lowbrow
 * Lyco art
 * Lyrical abstraction

M

 * Magic realism
 * Mail art
 * Mannerism
 * Massurrealism
 * Maximalism
 * Metaphysical painting
 * Mingei
 * Minimalism
 * Modernism
 * Modular constructivism

N

 * Naive art
 * Neoclassicism
 * Neo-Dada
 * Neo-expressionism
 * Neo-Fauvism
 * Neo-figurative
 * Neogeo (art)
 * Neoism
 * Neo-primitivism
 * Neo-romanticism
 * Net art
 * New Objectivity
 * New Sculpture
 * Northwest School
 * Nuclear art
 * Nueva Figuración

O

 * Objective abstraction
 * Op Art
 * Orphism

P

 * Patna School of Painting
 * Photorealism
 * Panfuturism
 * Paris School
 * Pixel art
 * Plasticien
 * Plein Air
 * Pointillism
 * Pop art
 * Post-impressionism
 * Postminimalism
 * Precisionism
 * Pre-Raphaelitism
 * Primitivism
 * Private Press
 * Process art
 * Progressive Art Movement
 * Psychedelic art
 * Purism

Q

 * Qajar art
 * Quito School

R

 * Rasquache
 * Rayonism
 * Realism
 * Regionalism
 * Remodernism
 * Renaissance
 * Retrofuturism
 * Rococo
 * Romanesque
 * Romanticism

S

 * Samikshavad
 * Serial art
 * Shin hanga
 * Shock art
 * Skeuomorph
 * Sōsaku hanga
 * Socialist realism
 * Sots art
 * Space art
 * Street art
 * Stuckism
 * Sumatraism
 * Superflat
 * Suprematism
 * Surrealism
 * Symbolism
 * Synchromism
 * Synthetism

T

 * Tachisme (aka Informel)
 * Temporary art
 * Toyism
 * Transgressive art
 * Tonalism

U

 * Ukiyo-e
 * Underground comix
 * Unilalianism

V

 * Vancouver School
 * Vanitas
 * Verdadism
 * Video art
 * Visual Art
 * Viennese Actionism
 * Vorticism

W

 * Women's Art Movement

title: List of art movements


text:
User talk:Duk/Archive3

Research project on wiki contributors
Hello-

I am aware that this is not the typical message usually posted, so I would like to apologize and ask for your kind understanding. I am a PhD student at Syracuse University School of Information Studies. My advisor and I are working on a research project on contributors to Wikis. This project received Institutional Review Board Approval number 05048. I would like to have a brief email dialog with you about your experience as a Wikipedia contributor. Please respond to this posting or send me an email at wikiresearch@hotmail.com, if you would be willing to answer a couple of quick questions. I would like to assure you that your comments will remain confidential.

Best regards, -Isabelle Fagnot

Diagnosis Murder
Permision was granted as you can see in talk the email is size +2. Please see Talk: Diagnosis Murder. This has been the second copy vio report. --Cool Cat My Talk 22:48, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * How do you expect me to prove it? --Cool Cat My Talk 22:51, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It is a list of emails in chronological order. The copy vio notice told you which page this "copy vio" was from. Go to that page and you will see that the e-mail of the remote user is identical to the one provided. Feel free to e-mail her. --Cool Cat My Talk 22:53, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * There were two web sites, the one presentted first gave me permission, the second one, I didnt bother asking, instead I rewrote the material from it. --Cool Cat My Talk 04:11, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Hello? --Cool Cat My Talk 06:28, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I dont remeber the URL, it was on the Copy vio tag which is not even in history anymore. --Cool Cat My Talk 16:26, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Copyvio
Thanks for the heads-up. I found a Google match at. I'm not sure if this is a mirror site, but there is a copyright notice at the bottom of their page. Again, thanks! Wikivacation resuming. :^) - Lucky 6.9 21:56, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)

User:204.184.37.2
Hello - Your block on 204.184.37.2 isn't working. Whoever it is has a thing about the El Nino page and I getting real tired of reverting the vandalism. Sorry I'm in a bad mood. Can you do something about this person?

Thanks - Paul Reiser (PAR) PAR 17:50, 2 May 2005 (UTC)

22 or 21
Dear DUK, I also was thinking the number to be 22, then I found a reference of all the names, which, I am giving in the article who got Indian Order of Merit. Actually, I feel that this article has a lot of potentials - it can be developed to become a beautiful article. By the way, how you got in the topic. I was just roaming wikipedia by clicking "Random page" - and landed on this page. I am to edit the article further. We all should continue to research the correct number. What do you say? --Bhadani 17:24, 7 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes sure, I had guessed about the copyvio part and certainly I understand that you must have put up a stub in a hurry, as topic is interesting. I shall continue to edit and expand for a day or two. The map portion or depending on time at your disposal, you may please do whatever is possible. Once, I finish, say by next 24 hours, you please revise the article, and reduce / expand, as may be required, of course, at your convenience and depending on the time at your disposal (as you are not free, being an admin, u have several things to do)- ok, bye now.--Bhadani 17:46, 7 May 2005 (UTC)

Battle of Saragarhi
hello, though delayed, I could give some inputs to the article. I will do something more in a day or two. In case you find time, plz create a map, etc. thanks.--Bhadani 18:58, 9 May 2005 (UTC)

Ramapough Mountain Indians
howdy! I have left you a msg about possible copyright infringement. The website where original doc was placed has open policy on copying source to other sites. pls see updated notes on page and remove copyright notice violation. Whomever submitted this as an infringement never read state of nj copyright policy posted on website. thank you.

steven User:68.37.88.71

Rubber Duk
Duk, what type of name is that to christen you offspring. I mean did you parents even have a hate for you? email me back ave_it99@hotmail.com

I'm new:)
Hi,I see the image you upload about pumped storage hydro,I want to write its Chinese edition .Could you tell me where I can get the raw images about hydroelectricity without any English annotate,please. --Super1 05:25, 13 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Sure. Which image, what is the file name ??--Duk 05:32, 13 May 2005 (UTC)

Copyright Question
I replied to your email as per your request, let me know if you have any questions or comments --NEWUSER 22:00, 13 May 2005 (UTC)

Image:Eddie Schneider parents.jpg
So do you want me to remove who's collection it came from or do you want me to change that I am releasing it into the public domain? I don't understand your complaint about my image for "Eddie Schneider". Why do you want to delete it? The copyright notice says "This image has been released into the public domain by the copyright holder, its copyright has expired, or it is ineligible for copyright. This applies worldwide." Please let me know why you seem to belive that this copyright notice is invalid. Or show me that this image appears with a copyright notice elsewhere. I think the burden lies with you to prove my copyright notice is not legally valid.

Correct, its just a family photo, no implied or actual copyright, just from the FAMILY collection that belonged to Ralph, its not a copyrighted photo. By publishing it I am entering it into the public domain. See yesterdays New York Times for Britney Spears vs the man who wrote her music for updated public domain vs copyright fight. --Richard Arthur Norton (1958- ) 22:48, 13 May 2005 (UTC)

Jacques Mesrine and Ruth Ellis Articles
Hey Duk, I was the one who had originally posted the copyright violation notices. I'll help with the re-write on Ruth Ellis if I can find some info...but right now I am in the middle of a bunch of school work. Thanks, Dbraceyrules 01:35, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

Fair use
At my talk page you have posted a question about the free use decision tree. This decision tree was constructed for a talk page by another user, namely Zeimusu. I merely included it in the mainspace text and added several links to Fair use on other pages. --Eleassar777 22:15, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

 * You have to go through the history of the "Wikipedia:Fair use talk page" - discussion page. --Eleassar777 22:26, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

Sorry, I don't remember anymore where I got it. Perhaps it was from meta - I'm just guessing. However, I am sure it was created by Zeimusu, as this is what I put in the <--! --> intertext when copying. Contact him and good luck! --Eleassar777 22:38, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

Yes, it is exactly this. --Eleassar777 22:41, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

Panko
I'd just found the source (I assume that you meant ), returned to the entry to add the details — and you'd beaten me to it. That's ten minutes of my lfe that I'll never get back... Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 18:28, 15 May 2005 (UTC)

Ramapough Mountain Indians
Duk, The info posted to the temp page is from my website. I am the web admin for the tribal website. If possible, I would like to explain why the info posted is offensive. the info listed is wrong. We do not, nor have we ever spoke Jersey Dutch. Our ancestors spoke Munsee and i'm sure they had to learn English and Dutch to communicate with the European invaders. The part that is really upsetting is many site derive their info from yours and it spreads the lies. In the temp folder is the correct info which is on our website written by our chief. Please, either post the correct info or delete us out of your site altogether. Thank you.

Steven (User:Ramapoughnative1)

 * Hi Steven, I understand that you are frustrated with this page and will try my best to help you fix it. New users are often frustrated by the wiki process, it takes a little time to see how things work here. Some tips;

 * 1) In general, don't copy and paste text from other websites into wikipedia, it will likely be deleted on copyright violation grounds.
 * 2) If you are the author, or have permission to use previously published material in wikipedia, then you need to state this on the article's talk page. Include contact information (for example, refer to your tribal website's contact information).
 * 3) Offensive material- The best way to attack this is to make your case on the talk page. And then, slowly fix the article little by little. If a previous version of the article is deleted and replaced with your version, the editors who wrote the earlier version might get upset, even if they had some incorrect information.

If you have any more problems, don't hesitate to ask--Duk 15:46, 16 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi Duk!
 * Thank you for understanding. For future reference, my email address is (see history). Thank you again and i'm sure i'll have more questions. (User:Ramapoughnative1)

Infectious salmon anemia
I think the use of the text is ok under the provisions of the of the MRC FoI scheme, I've asked on the copyvio talk for some more feedback--nixie 00:28, 18 May 2005 (UTC)

Copyright violation. Help needed.
Hi there, I have a problem with a page I worked on. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodore_Peter_of_Bulgaria How do I fix this copyright violation. Please help. George

 * Hi George, The first sentence of the the first two paragraphs are from (that's as far as I checked). In general, don't copy and paste copyrighted material into wikipedia (unless you can license the material per the GFDL to wikipedia). If you want to quote material, then enclose the quote in '' . Don't pass the words off as your own.

 * To fix this article, re-write at the link given on the copvio notice. Just be sure to use your own words.--Duk 16:46, 19 May 2005 (UTC)

Semiconductor manufacturing
A discussion whose topic is
 * Semiconductor manufacturing

now appears on User talk:Jerzy/Semiconductor manufacturing; the following points describe the discussion:
 * 2 msgs, 16:55 thru 20:45, 19 May 2005 (UTC)
 * 16:55, 19 May 2005 D
 * 20:45, 19 May 2005 J
 * 2 participants: Jerzy~t~*; User:Duk~t~*.
 * general topic(s):

merck records
duk im not sure of the process for undoing the copyright notice, but if it has anything to do with you, i'd like you to take care of it Merck Records/Temp. Aghost 23:00, 22 May 2005 (UTC)

Hey Duk, This is gabe koch, i run merck records, i updated and revised the bio info on the Merck Records page on the Temp Page, so you can remove the copyright infringement bit whenever you get a chance. thanks. -Gabe
 * Thanks, all taken care of. --Duk 04:36, 23 May 2005 (UTC)

Can you find my entry?
Hi I want to create an entry for the Bulgarian Khan Sabin, but instead of it, when I click on the link, I am being taken to a disambiguation page. How do I fix that in the future and how to find my article if there is any ambiguety? What do I do so I can be given the chance to enter the information?
 * Hi, you need to edit List of Bulgarian monarchs and change the link from Sabin to kahn Sabin (or whatever the correct title for him was, I'm not sure what the naming convention is for Bulgarian leaders in the eighth century, see Naming conventions). Once you've corrected the link on List of Bulgarian monarchs and saved the page, the link will turn red (assuming the article doesn't exist yet). You can then click on the red link and write the article.

 * Also, if you register an account with wikipedia (it only takes a few seconds) you will get a Watchlist that will automatically help you track the pages you work on, and will show you when someone else has edited any pages on your watchlist. Creating an account is easy and allows you to remain anonymous if you wish. I hope this helps. --Duk 04:32, 23 May 2005 (UTC)

Hwy Duk, How do I contact a user by the name of EvilZak? He deleted my Khan Sabin entry from the disambiguation page and altogher. Regards,
 * Hi Georko, I set up the page you wanted at Khan Sabin and fixed the links at Sabin and List of Bulgarian monarchs. --Duk 06:29, 24 May 2005 (UTC)

Did you know?
 Did you know has been updated and a fact from the article Harvey Hubbell, which you recently created, has been featured in that section on the Main Page. If you have another interesting fact to submit, then please suggest it at the section's talk page.

Thank you
Hi Duk,

Thanks for helping out. I plan on reading the pages you posted in your reply.

Regards,

George

copyvio removal
Hello there. You removed the notices that I placed on Saint Regina and Sam Cobean. The first stated rm copyvio, PD Catholic Encyclopedia  and the second stated rm copyvio, biography.ms is a mirror that is failing to credit wikipedia.

Regarding both items, is there a list anywhere of legitimate places to use as source material? The only ones I am aware of are the ones I have seen mentioned in some articles, such as the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica.

For the latter item, how do you know that it is a mirror? Has it given credit in the past, or ...?

Thanks.

--TheParanoidOne 05:39, 25 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for pointing out those resources. And no, it hasn't scared me off yet. ;-) --TheParanoidOne 08:26, 25 May 2005 (UTC)

ganguro
Yes, I was checking to see if the pic or the link was gone. I was going to contact SA myself (if they are even the original owner), but if you're doing it, then I'll leave it up to you. Stratton 20:41, May 29, 2005 (UTC)--

Moyer Factory copyright dispute
Thanks Duk. RJII 15:29, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

FTMME
I wasn't aware about the resolution, I thought it was an unilateral remove. I'll clear the copyvio tag drini ☎ 22:01, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

biography.ms
Hi Fibonacci, Did you receive any reply from the email you sent these people regarding their non-compliance with the GDFL? This site is starting to rank very high on Google searches, and people are still tagging Wikipedia articles as copyvios based on this site not crediting us. I'm wondering what more we can do.--Duk 15:19, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * No answer yet - I'm starting to suspect the didn't even read my message. I don't want to wait for this problem to be magically solved, but I don't know what more to do. If there is something more I can do to help (to take this site down - it seems the only possible solution), please tell me - I'll be more than happy to help! --Fibonacci 02:53, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Re: GAP Project
Hi there. You tagged GAP Project as a copyvio a while back, and deleted it later. What parts of this revision was a copyright violation, and why was the entire text removed? User:Coolcat said that (s)he wrote the entire article from scratch after the first copyvio. Thanks for your help. -Frazzydee|✍ 14:47, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Regarding Dark_Doktrines
Hello!

Thanks for the comment. I hastily reverted the aforementioned page. It seemed like the quickest way to fix the obviously spammed article. I'll follow protocol in the future.

FredrikM 21:55, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Image tagging
Hello Duk

Not sure what you mean about only uploading images in the public domain. The photo removed was one I took in 1980 so I think I have the right to put it on the internet as the copyright belongs with me ... maybe you should check with me first before removing it.

Have read the copyright info and think I understand. I will reframe the text on all images, sorry about that.--Zed1 07:06, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Have read the copyright info and think I understand. I will redit the text on all images, sorry about that.--Zed1 07:08, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Thanks Duk
Thanks for your support on my Adminship request.

My RFA: Thanks
Thank you for your support on my RFA. Now that I have been promoted, I promise to be as hardworking and fair with the admin tools as I have been with the other areas here on Wikipedia. See you around and happy editing. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 00:35, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

My RFA
Duk, thank you for your vote of confidence on my recent successful RFA, it was much appreciated. I will work to demonstrate that your trust was well-placed. Fawcett5 19:44, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for your support
Thank you for voting on my RFA. Have some pie! I was pleasantly surprised by the sheer number of supporters (including several people that usually disagree with my opinion). I shall do my best with the proverbial mop. Yours, Radiant_ >|< 08:14, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)

Huang Sheng Shyan - Article
Hi Duk,

the article I wrote about Huang Sheng Shyan got blocked for a possible copyright infringement from the source http://www.taijiquan.co.nz/journey.htm

Now, the site http://www.taijiquan.co.nz/ is maintained by Dean Cudmore (dean@taijiquan.co.nz) of the TAIJIQUAN SCHOOL OF CENTRAL EQUILIBRIUM, Auckland, New Zealand. I am a member of this taiji club and copied the above text from this site with full consent by the TAIJIQUAN SCHOOL OF CENTRAL EQUILIBRIUM.

So could you please put the page about Huang Sheng Shyan back online or tell me how to "proof" our rights in this copyright issue.

Cheers, Herbert Langsteiner User:Herbert Langsteiner
 * See your talk page or the articles talk page.--Duk 15:49, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

St. Thomas Aquinas High School
I believe I have provided a new article for this subject that does not violate any copyrights. It is all information that I know and am familiar with personally. Please review the new information and let me know if it is a problem. Nothing has been directly quoted from the school's official website. It seems to me that it is just as proper as another similar high school entry I found for St. Xavier High School in Cincinnati, OH and that entry was permitted.

Justin Dublikar jdublikar@bakerfirm.com User:24.123.47.122

Earnest Harmon reply
OK Thanks I will look at things over the weekend regarding the editing and copyright stuff

Wayne Author / Poet / Publisher HMS Press & CPA London Imprint: Electronic Bookstore http://www3.sympatico.ca/cpa Website: http://www.mirror.org/wayne.ray Canadian Poetry Association: http://www.canadianpoetryassoc.com

POB 340 Station B London Ontario N6A 4W1 cpa@sympatico.ca aphorysm@hotmail.com 519-680-3684 http://cpalondon.bravejournal.com/

Ernest Harmon Air Force Base revisions
I have revised and shortened the article on EHAFB. I could not locate the copyleft license I had see earlier and can put the license in later. I have put a notice inthe copyright infringement page as you requested. I have added the Bib list as well, I had forgotten it in the original

Wayne Ray

Thanks
Hi, thanks for reverting vandalism on my User Page. I feel some people like to vandalize user and other pages for plain fun (lol), and excitement. --Bhadani 00:50, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Canadian Poetry section
In Wikipedia there is a section called List of Canadian Poets. Is there an editor for this section. I am mainly interested in working in and editing in this section. Does it need a mentor editor etc.

Wayne Ray

Trench War mess up
Dear Duk, I am cpuwhiz11 who is currently being a historical advisor to TGTW (The Great Trench War) which is affiliated with Battlefield 1918. I posted this page with all the information on with permission from the TGTW's current leader Leonidas (email: trench_gamer@msn.com ). As stated at the bottom of the article a clear note indicated that almost all of the information was copied with permission from the TGTW website. I am deeply sorry this mess up has occured I am sure we can work it all out I know you might think I am lying to you if so feel free to contact Leonidas, anyone else associated with TGTW/BF1918 or make a post on our forum (http://www.battlefield1918.de/forum/74/) to confim my story. If you feel the need to contact me you can reach me at my email at dynamicpaul@msn.com or on MSN instant messenger as cpuwhiz11. Please try to clear up this as soon as possible I appreciate any thing you can do.

From, User:cpuwhiz11

Help!
Is there a human I can talk to on the phone. If my boss, who works in Entertainment and has sold over 5,000 copies of his movies and I add the biography that his publicist wrote and he pays for and owns, I do not understand why that is copyright infringement. He owns that copyright. Sorry, I am so confused and I would like to resolve this issue. You are the one that removed the article, so that is why I am coming to you. Thanks for your help on this.

Manchester, NH
Hi, I don't understand your revert on the Manchester, New Hampshire page. Someone needed to edit the portion with the comment that was added by an anon, but why did you revert the article so far back? Your comment says something aobut a copy-right violation, but a few quick google searches don't turn up anything (though I didn't have time to try too many). Probably I'm just missing something, but can you explain why did you do away with so much of the stuff on the page? Zarvok | Talk 17:25, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

def of soc copyright
Hey, I meant to put it back up when I got your first message. Forgot about it. I took it off because it had been there so long and couldn't get any answers on what the procedure was. So an admin has to do it. I see. By the way it's a ridiculous case. As if it's a copyright violation to quote a definition. Whatever. By the way, someone put the definitions of capitalism article back as well. You may want to take care of that. RJII 00:54, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Thank you
Hi Duk, I know this is overdue, but I want to thank you for supporting my RFA. Thanks to everyone who supported me, I am now an admin, and I have been using my powers to help further Wikipedia as a whole. Thank you! Linuxbeak | Talk | Desk 23:52, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

Definitions of capitalism
In response to your message on my talk page, I can't really agree with your point 1 on general principle. I will certainly remove copyright violation notices when they are placed improperly. In this case, I'm not sure if I did the right thing or not. It's true that no url is not a sufficient reason to remove one, but it would be good if you would describe your reasons for nominating it on the page itself, on the talk page, or at least in an edit summary. The problem is this case is that we had this page stuck in a limbo with no movement in either direction for a couple weeks, with the page blank, all the while linked to from the first sentence of capitalism, a prominent article. It seems irresponsible to leave things like that. Instead of trying to figure out what to do with Definitions of capitalism, I instead just removed the link from Capitalism, making it an orphan. - Nat Krause 07:16, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

material from other pages
Hi, I wrote the material on those pages, so I guess I gave permission for it to be used.
 * User:Stevemc

Asurion
Duk- Please delete this entry. You make this extremely difficult to update.
 * Not difficult at all, I'll even help you if you want. You just need to compose a few sentances for a new stub. Let me know if you'd like my help.--Duk 19:10, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)

There also is an entry in Nashville, TN back to Asurion. Please delete this as well.
 * No need to delete.--Duk 19:10, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)

-Michael User:69.137.66.112

RfA thanks
Thanks for your support for my adminship. I'm looking forward to never typing "rv vandal" again. Cheers, -Willmcw 08:37, Jun 26, 2005 (UTC)

dominica
yes there is

Stepping Stones Lighthouse
Great picture, thanks for adding it! Did you take it yourself? --RoySmith 30 June 2005 11:26 (UTC)

Talking behind back...
I normaly would take that as an inulst. I am the author of the material GAP Project (orrignal verison) of which adiyamali.org used. I wrote it for the Turkish gov. If you actualy read adiyamanli.org it will sound like a burochure as it was and maybe still is. Turkish gov releases most of its information to PD. I cannot proove the red tape. It is just used on newspapers and publications freely. You cant copyright data anyways. Ataturk Dam will hold same amount of water (asuming calculated accurately) regardless of the source. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 00:36 (UTC)

Do you have any proof adiyamanli.org holds copyrights. 10 other pages use identical or portions of the material. I am makeing it a big deal only because you are makeing it a big deal. As for Diagnosis: Murder I gave you the copy of the author giving me the permission to use the material. You still fail to read the talk page. The email is there. Mail the person if you wish although she might have forgotten about the communication after months, then again she may remember. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 00:36 (UTC)

I rewote GAP project twice because of you. Its rather annoying. You cant mark something that is not on adiyamanli.org as a copy vio. Majority of the article is not. Even if some words or even sentences may match thats not a sufficiant reason to blank everything. You are required to remove only the copy vio statements. Every individual case. You are also required to actualy compare everything to the remote site. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 00:36 (UTC)

I don't like to be declared a "dishonest user" that for me is a personal attack. I'd rather wish you did not refer to me like that. You are welcome to NOT believe my story. I frankly dont care. I know who I am, I know what I wrote. I reccomend assuming good failth. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 00:36 (UTC)

 * Coolcat, I've processed about a thousand copyvios. I have never accepted anonymous permission to use previously published material. I held this page to the same standards as every other copyvio I've evaluated. How can you say you were unfairly treated?

 * You said that you re-wrote the history pages that I deleted, yet they contained at least a full paragraph of copied, previously published material. (let me know if you want me to email you the text in question, not being an administrator you won't be able to see the deleted history I'm talking about).

 * Finally, why don't you say to my face what you've been saying behind my back??--Duk 2 July 2005 00:47 (UTC)

 * I am not talking behind your back. I am not jumping from admin pages to another, filling RfC cases etc. I just ask people to compare the copy vio page and the alleged page. I tell them copy vio im MY pov is unaproporate. I have every right to do that. They compare and react. If a paragraph is indeed coppied from the site and is not on the canadian PD site, feel free to delete it. Just tell me exactly what you deleted so I can rewrite and re add knowlege back to the article. Please do not remove everything but only the copy vio material, just because a paragraph (Id love to know which) is violating "copyrights" (who owns copyrights?) doesnt mean you get to delete everything. All images on the article with the exeption of two are from the same US PD source. Just google image search for the image file names. The other two, one is fair use of areal picture of ataturk dam and other is a graph created by a felow wiki user which replaced the "bad" us gov graph. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 01:00 (UTC)

 * Finaly, I do think your judgement is unfair. You are in error, partialy if not completely. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 01:05 (UTC)

 * What was my error? Not taking anonymous granting of copyright licensing? Do you honestly believe that Wikipedia should accept anonymous granting of copyright licensing? And if you are really the author of the text in question, why didn't you note earlier that it was PD? --Duk 2 July 2005 01:17 (UTC)

 * You are talking about sending me an email, I haven't recieved any. Have you told me in my talk page that you mailed me something and I havent repplied to it. It might have been deleted among spam, who knows. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 11:42 (UTC)

 * You are welcome to send me every instance of what you think is a copy vio, preferably ones that arent on the canadian PD page. Oh and btw, please do not use the RfC page to discuss this matter, use the talk of same RfC page. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 12:55 (UTC)

 * The material you mailed me was not in the article on last delete. Note that I am not bothering to discuss on who wrote the older version of article and its copyright status because thats talking to the wall. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 15:04 (UTC)

A simmilar content existed however:

The primary objective of GAP is to normalise levels of development, income, and living standards between the southeastern region and other regions of Turkey. Creating economic and social opportunities and promoting business, GAP is transforming the region completely. Critical infrastructure, such as airports and highways, is being constructed to support the development of the region. GAP will provide jobs to an estimated 3.5 million people directly.

GAP will provide jobs. Airports and highways will be constructed. This isnt something adiyamanli.org made up. It was Turkish Gov's plans. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 15:07 (UTC)
 * Are Turkish Gov. plans PD? And did you note this when you first posted the article? Did you note this and provide a source when the copyvio was being evaluated? Or are you now, weeks later, trying to explain away you plagersim and copyright violations and paint yourself as a victim?--Duk 2 July 2005 15:12 (UTC)
 * This is ridiclous. You are calling names and making less sense each time. I ask you to stop calling me names in a civilised manner, I would hope to see a civilised reaction. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 18:18 (UTC)

I would have thought you would make sure material that apears to be copy vio is not in any PD sites so as not to clutter copy vio system. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 15:21 (UTC)
 * If you want to used previously published material in Wikipedia it's up to you to identify the source, its licence and to note all of this on the article's talk page. Do this BEFORE you copy, not weeks after the copyvio has been processed--Duk 2 July 2005 15:36 (UTC)
 * Right, for me I just copy pasted material in a TXT file in my hard drive. Later found an image on google image search. You obvioulsy dont believe me, or do not want to believe me (I do not rally care). We are discussing the latest version of the article not an elder version. I am not accepting violating copyights, I am not fighting for the elder version either. Just to satisfy you, or people like you (other copy vio people), I rewote the article. Not once but twice. Deleting the article only annoys me. Instead if you just told me whats violating copyrights (like your mail) I would have been more than happy to fix anything that supposively violating copyrights. This way everyone including me would be happy. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 18:18 (UTC)
 * Coolcat, its not the job of the administrators clearing copyright violations to re-write the articles, they revert or delete. See the instructions at WP:CP. You claim you re-wrote the version that I reverted, but before reverting I still found substantial copyright violations. This might have been an honest mistake on your part, but I explained my actions on the talk page, and many times since then. I want you to stop saying that reverting this page and deleting the history that contained copyright violations was a mistake. And I want you to remove #5 from your RFC. Stop lying.--Duk 2 July 2005 18:45 (UTC)
 * I tried to reason with you, but you are a wall. Keep calling names, its rather amusing. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 18:52 (UTC)
 * Coolcat, your re-write still contained copied text, thats why it was reverted, and the history pages deleted. It's not the duty of the administrators evaluating copyright violations to re-write articles.--Duk 2 July 2005 19:14 (UTC)

...

 * Because of you deleting the article I lost all my work. I had to beg admins to get the original text back so I could continue improving it. You should not be deleting an ENTIER page so as to remove a paragraph or 4 sentences. You sould be cooperating rather than fighting. Fighting will only annoy me and when you annoy me and when I react to that I am likely to annoy you, I rather evade conflict as much as I can. Dont get me wrong I am NOT accusing you of anything, you are trying to do your job. I am trying to write an article. I cant do that when its beeing deleted this frequently. I want to write an article. I want to make sure it stays. So I want to write an article no one will have anyway of complaining about copy vios and povs. I cant achieve that if I am just not told anything instead of my edits being removed. Copy vio? What is copy vio? You should have the time to do this. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 19:40 (UTC)

 * You do not want to damage wikipedia. You are trying to do the opposite, improve wiki by removing copy vios. I support that behavior. However do not ask me to accept insults such as me being a "lier", I oppose such behavior. I want to satisfy the issue with the article so that what apears as a copy vio will not be an issue. I cannot keep rewriting the article from scratch just to watch it get deleted. Please understand and acknowlege my stand as I am acknowleging your stand. I agree to rewrite what apears to be me copying material from adiyamanli.org so as to evade conflict. It is a waiste of time for me but this actualy improves the article. Also makes everyone happy. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 19:40 (UTC)

You mean you havent deleted the latest version? If so who did? --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 19:43 (UTC)

Oooook. Sorry for screaming and annoying you. GAP Project is being very stressfull for me. The stress I get from the people I discuss in RFC isnt helping either. Now, I am not trying to get the older version which you rightfully can mark as copy vio as identical material was on the alleged page. It was also on a PD page. If you, or some other copy vio warrior was investigating the article they would have seen the PD resource and never bother Copyvioing the page. Regardless... I did rewrite the page so I really don't want to discuss the older version(s). Just please don't mark me as a repetive offender as I don't believe I am one. My problem is not with you, but with the two people on RfC bothering me. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 21:02 (UTC)

You may also read the material I placed on discussion. I will cross out my comments regarding gap project as you requested. I am not acknowleging that "I am an offender" though by doing so. --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 21:05 (UTC)

 * I'm sorry we had this confusion and I apologise for my strong language. --Duk 2 July 2005 21:24 (UTC)

 * It was my fault as well, I should have checked the delete logs. :( --Cool Cat My Talk 2 July 2005 21:32 (UTC)

Problem with Khan Pagan
You have helped me before, so can you help again, or better yet teach me how to help myself? :-) Just like before with Khan Sabin a page I wrote about Khan Pagan has disappeared from the Wiki Universe. It points to the disambiguation pages but my article has disappeared.

Is it gone forever? How do I retrieve it back?

The Help documentation of Wiki is something I seam to not be able to follow. It points to each and every way and I can never find anything useful. I failed to understand how you fixed Sabin for me too.

Thanks,

George

Diagnosis: Murder
Since you asked... One web site had only one sentence coppied from it which I did reword. The other, had about a paragraph. The latter one is the one I asked permision from. I do not remember the urls. If you could post me the two urls as they apeared on the ex copy vio notice, I can easily tell you which one it is. --Cool Cat My Talk 3 July 2005 04:16 (UTC)
 * Firstly, I don't enjoy to be screamed at. Like I told you, I do not care about the article. I was not in the know of copyright procedure at the time, I have a learning curve. I haven't denied for one second my approach to topic was flawed, I should have aquired and presented copyright info before "writing" the article. Do not bite newbies applies as I was a newbie back then. I asked her if I could use it. She said yes. No one told me how to ask for permission so I asked for it with best of my abilities and knowlege which is far from perfect. It doesn't create a positive enviorment when a bunch of people scream at you as "thief!" "thief!", rather than an explanation. --Cool Cat My Talk 3 July 2005 23:00 (UTC)
 * Sorry for bothering you, it wasn't intentional. I am a victim in the only sense that I didn't know how to ask for permission no one assisted me. I am not an arch-angel either. Sorry for all the trobble I caused you.  --Cool Cat My Talk 3 July 2005 23:00 (UTC)
 * I can't still explain you what website this came from becuase:
 * a) I do not have the text in question, us non admins cant access deleted material. --Cool Cat My Talk 3 July 2005 23:00 (UTC)
 * b) I do not remember the urls either. --Cool Cat My Talk 3 July 2005 23:00 (UTC)
 * I will NOT try another administrator. I do NOT care if it stays deleted or not. What part of this do you not understand? You asked to resolve the issue not me. You innitiated the discussion not me. I was wrong yes, I later made it right, or at least tried. --Cool Cat My Talk 3 July 2005 23:00 (UTC)
 * I am not going to respond to the 3rd bullet. Frankly words are too strong for me to respond politely, so I wont. However, like I said above I apologise for causing you a mess. I would not want an apology in return as you haven't done anything wrong aside from biting the ex-newbie (at the time). Dealing with so many copy vio cases you just dont want to deal with newbies which is understandable, but still breaks my heart. --Cool Cat My Talk 3 July 2005 23:00 (UTC)

FYI, the reason I feal victimies is the lack of response I recieved to the email I pasted to the talk page of Dıagnosıs Murder. --Cool Cat My Talk 6 July 2005 12:39 (UTC)

Thanks!
Thanks, Duk, for your support of my RfA. I also appreciate your compliment on my work on welding. I'm glad that others find my contributions useful, and I hope I continue to be a helpful part of the community now that I'm an administrator. --Spangineer (háblame)  July 4, 2005 02:43 (UTC)

You begrudge me defending myself?
Tony wrote on Talk:Coolcat;

''This is utterly mind-boggling. A copied sentence, a copied paragraph? These are not matters for the copyright lawyers! --Tony Sidaway|Talk''

 * It's not a matter of a simple copyvio, but rather, the non-stop complaining, for months afterwards, where Coolcat claims he's been mistreated. He hasn't been mistreated (with regards to Dianosis:Murder). Yet over and over Coolcat cites Diagnosis:Murder as evidence of his mistreatment, blaming the copyvio people who can't read size 28 text and misrepresenting the situation. Tony, do you begrudge me defending myself? I'm not the one who has kept this alive. --Duk 6 July 2005 00:11 (UTC)

 * In answer to your straight question: no, of course I don't begrudge you defending yourself. My point is that as far as I can tell you're going way OTT in your interpretation of copyright law.  Now I really have no idea what his beef is with you or yours with him, but I think I do know a little bit about copyright law.  ---Tony Sidaway|Talk 6 July 2005 00:33 (UTC)

 * With regards to Coolcat, as I've told you before, I've done everything in my power to avoid him since dealing with his copyvios, the exception being when defending myself. My only beef with him is that he keeps claiming I mistreated him when resolving his copyvios. Oh, I should mention, more than once I have suggested to other administrators, who were looking into Coolcat's complaints, that I would step aside if they wanted to re-evaluate Coolcat's copyvios (Frazzydee and Ugen64). None have. I'd like to pass the same suggestion to you, although this should go without saying, being a wiki and all.

 * With regards to copyvios, I think your ideas are a little out of line; an uncited sentence or paragraph length copyvio isn't acceptable, especially when it makes a significant portion of the article. But I'm not going to argue with you about this any more. I suggest you take it up on the mailing list, or at Wikipedia talk:Copyright problems instead of arguing with me. There are lots of people at those places that probably know more than both of us :) --Duk 6 July 2005 01:00 (UTC)

title: User talk:Duk/Archive3


text:
Carmine Falcone

Carmine Falcone is a fictional supervillain in DC Comics, portrayed as a powerful mob boss, an enemy of Batman, and a friend of the Wayne family. He has also been depicted in some versions as the illegitimate father of Catwoman.

In live-action, the character has been portrayed in film by Tom Wilkinson in Batman Begins (2005) and John Turturro in The Batman (2022), and by John Doman in the television series Gotham (2014).

Background
Carmine Falcone made his debut in the four-part story Batman: Year One written by Frank Miller and David Mazzucchelli in 1987. In the comics, Falcone is a powerful Mafia chieftain nicknamed "The Roman", where his stranglehold over Gotham City's organized crime is referenced as "The Roman Empire" at least once. In Batman: Year One, his penthouse is designed in a Roman architectural style.

The character is based on Marlon Brando's portrayal of Don Vito Corleone from the 1972 film The Godfather. Jeph Loeb, writer of Batman: The Long Halloween, stated in an interview that he paralleled the Falcone family to that of the Corleone family: Falcone's power and wisdom akin to Vito Corleone, his son Alberto's personality and appearance that of Fredo Corleone, and his daughter Sofia's temper matching that of Sonny Corleone. Lastly, his elder son Mario's deportation to Sicily, physical appearance and desire to legitimize the Falcone family are all traits shared with Michael Corleone.

Fictional character biography
In a flashback in The Long Halloween, gangster Vincent Falcone brings his badly wounded son, Carmine, who had been shot several times by his rival, Luigi Maroni, to Thomas Wayne. Fearing Maroni would finish the job at a public hospital, he begs Wayne, one of the city's best doctors, to perform surgery at Wayne Manor. A young Bruce Wayne watches his father save Falcone's life. Years later at Thomas and Martha Wayne's funeral, Carmine Falcone, now part of his father's crime family, tells Bruce that he can always ask a favor of him should he need it.

In Batman: Year One, Falcone is shown to be the most powerful figure in Gotham City, with the mayor, city council, and much of Gotham's police force in his pocket and all of the city's criminal outfits under his control. His power comes under attack with the arrival of the mysterious vigilante Batman. Despite GCPD Commissioner Gillian B. Loeb's desperate attempts to stop him, Batman's attacks on Falcone's crime family become even more brazen and Falcone decides to have Batman killed. Batman further embarrasses Falcone by rescuing Catwoman when the mobster and his henchmen catch her trying to rob them. In the process, Catwoman leaves Falcone permanently scarred when she scratches him with the metal claws of her costume.

Falcone orders his nephew Johnny Viti to kidnap the family of Detective Jim Gordon, but the attempt is foiled. When Gordon and District Attorney Harvey Dent's investigations start threatening his power, Falcone orders an unsuccessful hit on Johnny out of fear that he might talk. The failed hit results in the Falcone family getting embroiled in a mob war with Viti's boss Carla in Chicago, which serves only to further diminish Falcone's influence in Gotham.

During The Long Halloween, the weakened Falcone family is targeted by a serial killer calling himself Holiday, who targets and kills at least one member of the Falcone crime family each month on a holiday, leaving an item related to that holiday at the scene of the crime. When Batman and Dent burn his hoard of stolen cash, Falcone strikes back by hiring costumed "freaks" who become Batman's Rogues Gallery. Convinced that Dent is secretly Holiday, Falcone persuades his former rival Sal Maroni to kill Dent while standing trial for murder. Falcone arranges for Maroni to obtain a vial of acid, which he hurls at Dent during a court proceeding. The acid disfigures the left side of Dent's face, leading to his becoming Two-Face. Two-Face personally kills Falcone following a coin flip that lands on the scarred side. Falcone's son Alberto (presumed to have been the victim of the killer on New Year's Eve) ultimately confesses to all of the Holiday killings in an attempt to be accepted into the family business.

In Batman: Dark Victory, Falcone's grave site is robbed and his body goes missing. In the end, it is revealed that Two-Face has Falcone's body in his possession, having frozen it using Mr. Freeze's cryogenic technology. Selina Kyle briefly visits the grave at the conclusion of the story, where it is revealed that she believes that Falcone is her biological father and is determined to learn the truth.

The New 52
Carmine Falcone appears in the second issue of Batman Eternal as a former mobster determined to reclaim his empire after Commissioner Gordon is framed for mass murder. It is revealed at the conclusion of the story that Falcone was unaware of the larger plot against Batman, and was simply informed that he would have a chance to strike by an anonymous letter sent to him by the true mastermind.

DC Rebirth
In the "War of Jokes and Riddles" storyline, Falcone is contacted by the Joker with strict instructions to kill the Riddler within an hour. His men ultimately fail to complete the assignment, leading the Joker to have Falcone's men assassinated. The Penguin then takes over his business interests on Joker's behalf.

Family
The following are relatives of Carmine Falcone:

 * Vincent Falcone – Carmine's father and the founder of the Falcone crime family.
 * Carla Viti – Carmine's sister and the boss of the Viti crime family in Chicago.
 * Louisa Falcone – Carmine's wife and mother of his three children. Her current whereabouts are unknown.
 * Johnny Viti – Carla's son and Carmine's nephew. Part of the Viti family in Chicago.
 * Lucia Viti – Carla's daughter and Carmine's niece.
 * Sofia Falcone Gigante – Carmine's daughter who takes over as boss of the Falcone family. Mario later legally changes his sister's name to Sofia Gigante so he can cleanse the family name of her crimes.
 * Alberto Falcone – Carmine's inept son, who is desperate to be accepted into the family.
 * Mario Falcone – Carmine's son and a successful businessman who seeks to legitimize the Falcone family, even if it means turning on his siblings.
 * Selina Kyle – Carmine's alleged daughter, although her parentage is never definitely proven.
 * Kitrina Falcone – Carmine's estranged granddaughter and a skilled escape artist who becomes Catwoman's sidekick and apprentice.

Television

 * Carmine Falcone appears in Gotham, portrayed by John Doman. This version is a veteran Mafia Don connected to Mayor James Aubrey, Commissioner Gillian B. Loeb, and various members of the Gotham City Police Department. Additionally, he employs Victor Zsasz as a hitman and Arthur Penn as an accountant.
 * Carmine Falcone appears in the Justice League Action episode "Time Share", voiced by Jason J. Lewis.

Film

 * Carmine Falcone appears in Batman Begins, portrayed by Tom Wilkinson. This version works with Jonathan Crane, who later betrays him, and is a beneficiary of Ra's al Ghul.
 * Carmine Falcone appears in Batman: Year One, voiced by Alex Rocco.
 * Carmine Falcone appears in Batman: The Long Halloween, voiced by Titus Welliver.
 * Carmine Falcone appears in The Batman, portrayed by John Turturro. Similarly to the Batman: The Long Halloween depiction, this version was shot before he was saved by Thomas Wayne years prior and has an illegitimate daughter, Selina Kyle, whom he attempts to kill. Batman saves Selina and hands Falcone over to the police, but the Riddler kills him.

Video games

 * Carmine Falcone appears in the Batman Begins tie-in game, voiced by Tom Wilkinson.
 * Carmine Falcone appears in Batman: Arkham Underworld, voiced by Jon Polito.
 * Carmine Falcone appears in Batman: The Telltale Series, voiced by Richard McGonagle. This version is an associate of Mayor Hamilton Hill and Thomas and Martha Wayne who takes control of Gotham's criminal underworld shortly after the Waynes are murdered.

title: Carmine Falcone


text:
Casto Méndez Núñez

⇘

Casto Secundino María Méndez Núñez (July 1, 1824 – August 21, 1869) was a Spanish naval officer. In late 1865, during the Chincha Islands War between Spain, Peru and Chile, he became general commander of the Spanish fleet in the Pacific. He took that post after the suicide of Admiral José Manuel Pareja on November 26, 1865, two days after the naval Battle of Papudo. As general commander, he received a promotion from Commodore to Rear Admiral.

In February 1866, Méndez Núñez sent two of his most powerful ships, the frigates Villa de Madrid and Reina Blanca, south to destroy the combined Chilean-Peruvian fleet. The resulting Battle of Abtao ended indecisively.

After the Chilean government ordered all vessels communicating with the Spanish fleet to be barred from Chilean ports, Mendez Núñez presented an ultimatum from the Spanish government, on March 24: if Chile did not meet Spanish demands, he would bombard Valparaíso, an undefended town and the port.

Chile not having met the Spanish demands, on March 31 the Spanish fleet shelled and burned Valparaíso, on destroying Chile's merchant fleet.

When Hugh Judson Kilpatrick, the American Minister to Chile, learned that Méndez Núñez had been ordered to bombard the port of Valparaíso, he asked the American naval commander Commodore John Rodgers to attack the Spanish fleet. Méndez Núñez famously responded with "I will be forced to sink [the US ships], because even if I have one ship left I will proceed with the bombardment. Spain, the Queen and I prefer honor without ships than ships without honor (España prefiere honra sin barcos a barcos sin honra.)"

On May 2, Méndez Núñez's fleet fought at the Battle of Callao, during which he was injured nine times. This was the final battle in the war between Spanish and Peruvian forces. On May 9, Méndez Núñez and his fleet departed for Spain.

Honors
Four Spanish Navy warships were named Méndez Núñez:

 * An armoured frigate, converted from screw frigate Resolución, renamed in 1870, retired in 1896
 * A Blas de Lezo-class cruiser built in 1924, retired in 1963
 * The former USS O'Hare (DD-889), a Gearing-class destroyer, in service for Spain from 1978 to 1992
 * Méndez Núñez, an Álvaro de Bazán-class frigate commissioned in 2006

The municipality of Mendez, Cavite, Philippines, was also named in honor of Méndez Núñez.

Related articles

 * Plaza de Méndez Núñez

title: Casto Méndez Núñez