text:
The Cabaret of Dr Caligari

The Cabaret of Dr Caligari was a BBC Radio 4 comedy series first broadcast in November and December 1991. It was written by Alan Gilbey, and produced by Anne Edyvean.

Starring John Woodvine as Dr. Bryon Caligari, Victoria Wicks as Anthrax and Sylvester McCoy as Snuff, The Cabaret of Dr Caligari is a macabre comedy about the goings on at a night club owned by Dr Caligari. The episodes centre on the unpleasant actions of an individual (usually a character strongly associated with the 1980s), who finds themselves in Dr Caligari's nightclub, catching up with them in a suitably ironic way. The title of the series is a reference to the German Expressionist film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920). This has caused confusion for some listings sites, and some radio presenters have stumbled when introducing it. A previous use of "The Cabaret of Dr Caligari" was in The Sandman No.17, Calliope, 1989, in which it is a novel.

It was originally created as a late night live show created for the London Bubble Theatre Company featuring early career performances by Sharron D. Clarke, Lisa Spenz and Lynn Whitehead.

Episodes
It featured Kerry Shale as DJ Rick O'Shea, Jane Whittenshaw as Tracey, Adjoa Andoh as Donna, Mark Straker as Keith and Clarence Smith as Sparks. It featured Stephen Tompkinson as Kevin Scorch, Adjoa Andoh as Ali, Ronald Herdman as Bernie Cladding and Alan Barker as Sidney Grease. The jokes for this episode were written by Lee Hurst. It featured Joanna May as Debbie Brothers, Roger Watkins as "Flash" Jack Brothers, Terence Edmond as Tom, Eric Allan as Dick, Ronald Herdman as Tarquin, Clarence Smith as Wayne, Alan Barker as Jeremy and Adjoa Andoh as the Estate Agent. It featured Stephen Tompkinson as Tope Romero, Cassie Macfarlane as Carrie, Jane Whittenshaw as Gail, Clarence Smith as the postman and Alan Barker as Damien. It featured Jane Whittenshaw as the Computer, Charles Milham as the General, Alex Barker as Agent Orange, Gerald Denny as a Homeless Geordie, David McKinney as a Homeless Boy, Richard Tate as Professor Pseudonym, Ronald Herdman as the Driver, Sharon Henry as the Hitchhiker, and Cassie Macfarlane as Kate Pushy. It featured John Shrapnel as Mr. Meagre, Adjoa Andoh as Mrs. Meagre, Cassie Macfarlane as the Past, Clarence Smith as the Present and Alan Barker as the Future.
 * 1) A Word in your Ear - a DJ is plagued by calls from those he has wronged until he cannot bear to go on listening...
 * 1) Comedian's Moon - an alternative comic, after an encounter with one of his former comedy heroes finds himself turning into something hideous...
 * 1) The Conversion - a yuppie, after cashing in on the publicity surrounding the strange project of "de-gentrification" her retired trade union leader father is undertaking, tries to have him sectioned only to be caught up in his dream...
 * 1) Teenage Psycho Chainsaw Bimbos - a video store owner and obsessive fan of horror films (of the second-rate slasher variety) finds himself trapped in a fantasy world of his own creation...
 * 1) The Homeless Who Ate London - a freak chemical spill turns the homeless of London into a giant blob. And the person responsible is a little surprising...
 * 1) The Body Politic - an M.P. is introduced to the consequences of eroding the NHS...

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: The Cabaret of Dr Caligari


text:
Category:Presidents of Malawi

This category is for presidents of Malawi, in Southeast Africa.

title: Category:Presidents of Malawi


text:
The One (comics)

The One was a six-issue comic book limited series published by Epic Comics in 1985–1986. It was written and drawn by Rick Veitch.

Overview
The One is an ambitious and bizarre fantasy adventure involving monstrous superheroes, the Cold War, and spiritual evolution. An individual of deranged disposition orchestrates a deception, inducing both the United States and the Soviet Union to unleash both their arsenal of nuclear missiles and their superhero operatives against each other. Contrary to expectations of cataclysmic nuclear conflict, this action catalyzes the revelation of the latent cosmic capabilities inherent within humanity.

Analysis
The One presaged both Alan Moore/Dave Gibbons' Watchmen (1986-1987) and Frank Miller's The Dark Knight Returns (1986) in its revisionist approach to superheroics. As Moore would later write: "The One ... is a kind of landmark; a pulling together of obsessions and ingenious storytelling ideas into a coherent whole ... Its revisionist superheroics, while conceived at roughly the same time, predate Watchmen and Dark Knight in terms of publication, as does its packaging. Its political and humanist preoccupations were voiced before such sentiments became chic. Its deranged, culture-conscious humor offers an alternative and an antidote to today's rather gloomy trend of pessimistic, post-modern ultra-humans... Whatever it is that the comic books of the 1980s turn out to be remembered for, The One was right there in the thick of it, carving out a niche in the mainstream for dangerous ideas long before dangerous ideas became box-office certainties."

Publication history
Veitch's own King Hell Press reprinted the series in two trade paperbacks:
 * The One (Dec 1989)
 * The One: The Last Word in Superheroics (192 pages, November 2003, ISBN 0-9624864-5-0)

In 2018, IDW Publishing reprinted the whole series over a period of six months.

title: The One (comics)


text:
Talk:List of Berserk chapters

Formating
Much thanks for the formatting. I wasn't sure how I wanted it to look but it now looks very nice. --DragonKore 21:58, Apr 6, 2005 (UTC)

 * It still needs a heading for the arc after the Golden Age, I suppose that would be the Black Swordsman arc, but I'm not really sure of where to put it... Perhaps there's some re-reading to do. Philip Nilsson 10:05, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Official English chapter titles
If no-one objects, I'll probably start changing the titles of the chapters from the first 7 or so volumes, to the official English chapter titles found in the Dark Horse Manga translation. They're not major changes, just stuff like "Desire's Guardian Angels" to "The Guardians of Desire". And since the english translation omits the "Revenge" moniker for the early chapters, those should probably be removed as well.

I thought this would be appropriate, since Wikipedia seems to favor official english translations in favor of fan-made Japanese ones. Plus, the chapter page links to ISDN pages for the official Dark Horse books. --Marcg106 17:08, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

ISBNs
I have most of volumes 11 through 30 (japanese) laying around here, so I'll add the ISBN for those later, as well as add the US ISBN for any other volumes not added already. --Aknorals 11:08, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

Also, the original japanese names for these need to be added as well... and some formating stuff.... --Aknorals 11:10, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

Chapter ordering
What happened to chapter 258 in volume 30 ? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 206.158.104.238 (talk • contribs) 13:53, 8 September 2006.
 * It was put in volume 29 instead. And besides, you mean episode. -Aknorals 00:45, 9 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the update. we at EG deal with individual chapters on a regular basis so we found it interesting that a the chapter/episode was missing from the tank. We will update our FAQ. Do you mind explaining the use of episodes over chapters? -Psi29a 20:01, 25 September 2006 (UTC)
 * For an explanation about the episode/chapter issue, check this post --Darkbane 17:02, 06 October 2006 (UTC)

Page Formatting
As soon as I'll have time, I'm going to reformatting the page according to the style of the following pages:

 * List of Fairy Tail chapters;
 * List of One Piece chapters;
 * List of Bleach chapters;
 * List of Naruto chapters;

Help needed! Cuttyflam 22:57, 30 June 2007 (UTC)

Featured List?
This seems like it could be a featured list, as it is very well sourced and covered extensively. It is very well maintained and stable. I was wondering if any objections exist to nominating it. ChrisGualtieri (talk) 15:12, 21 August 2013 (UTC)

Hey guys, do you want to have a summary by Arc instead of by chapters?
Mostly because I just started writing a summary which happened to be too detailed for the main Berserk page

The Black Swordsman Arc
Guts (ガッツ) is a wandering warrior whose world is a nightmarish race between hunting and being hunted by supernatural monsters. Hunting demonic Apostles masquerading as humans, Guts hopes to summon their masters, a group of 5 godlike archdemons known as the "God Hand". After defeating a particularly strong Apostle known as The Count, the combatants are transported into a Escheresque hellscape where the God Hand appear & present the Count with an ultimatum; ritual sacrifice of his daughter in exchange for rebirth. Despite Guts' attempts to interrupt the ritual, the God Hand ignore him, which hurts Guts even more than his wounds. Guts screams futilely at the God Hand Femto, who is revealed to be a companion from Gut's past, a man once named Griffith. Ultimately, the Count chooses to die instead of sacrificing his daughter. Disinterested, the God Hand depart, leaving Gut's quest as hopeless as it began.

The Golden Age Arc
Through a 102 chapter flashback, Guts' & Griffith's past is explored.

His adoptive mother dies from the plague when Guts is young and he is enlisted within his adoptive father Gambino's mercenary group. Gambino eventually offers Guts to another mercenary and he is subsequently sexually assaulted. In an altercation, Guts kills Gambino by accident and is forced to flee.

Mercenary work is never in short supply. Much like the Italian city-states during the late middle ages, professional soldiers are always in demand as neighboring states & kingdoms endlessly war with one another despite sharing a common religion, language & social structure. During Gut's lifetime, the hundred year war between Chuder & Midland is reaching it's climax.

Fighting from one battlefield to the next during his adolescence, Guts eventually proves himself by defeating the renowned warrior Bazuso. This feat catches the eye of Griffith, the mercenary leader of the "Band of the Hawk" (鷹の団). Unwilling to let such a promising warrior go, Griffith bets his life against Gut's servitude. After an intense duel which Griffith narrowly wins, Guts is pressed into the Hawks. Despite the circumstances of his entry, Guts finds belonging & purpose with the Hawks, who are united behind Griffith's charisma & dreams of one day ruling their own kingdom.

Guts eventually rises through the Hawk's ranks to become Griffith's right-hand man. Under Guts' & Griffith's leadership, the Hawks win victory after victory, with the pair saving each other's lives multiple times. The pair first face defeat when they are defeated by Nosferatu Zodd who defeats both Guts and Griffith, Zodd notices the Crimson Behelit in Griffith's possession; a trinket in the shape of a face, and leaves promptly, warning Guts that his continued friendship with Griffith will result in his death.

title: Talk:List of Berserk chapters


text:
Player efficiency rating

The player efficiency rating (PER) is John Hollinger's all-in-one basketball rating, which attempts to collect or boil down all of a player's contributions into one number. Using a detailed formula, Hollinger developed a system that rates every player's statistical performance.

Overview
PER strives to measure a player's per-minute performance, while adjusting for pace. A league-average PER is always 15.00, which permits comparisons of player performance across seasons. PER takes into account positive results, including field goals, free throws, 3-pointers, assists, rebounds, blocks and steals and negative results, including missed shots, turnovers and personal fouls. The formula adds positive stats and subtracts negative ones through a statistical point value system. The rating for each player is then adjusted to a per-minute basis so that, for example, substitutes can be compared with starters in playing time debates. It is also adjusted for the team's pace. In the end, one number sums up the players' statistical accomplishments for that season.

Relationship to baseball sabermetrics
Hollinger's work has benefitted from the observations of sabermetric baseball analysts, such as Bill James. One of the primary observations is that traditional counting statistics in baseball, like runs batted in and wins, are not reliable indicators of a player's value. For example, runs batted in is highly dependent upon opportunities created by a player's teammates. PER extends this critique of counting statistics to basketball, noting that a player's opportunities to accumulate statistics are dependent upon the number of minutes played as well as the pace of the game.

Problems
PER largely measures offensive performance. Hollinger freely admits that two of the defensive statistics it incorporates—blocks and steals (which was not tracked as an official stat until 1973)—can produce a distorted picture of a player's value and that PER is not a reliable measure of a player's defensive acumen. For example, Bruce Bowen, widely regarded as one of the best defenders in the NBA through the 2006–07 season, routinely posted single-digit PERs.

"Bear in mind that this rating is not the final, once-and-for-all answer for a player's accomplishments during the season. This is especially true for players such as Bruce Bowen and Trenton Hassell who are defensive specialists but don't get many blocks or steals."

Some have argued that PER gives undue weight to a player's contribution in limited minutes, or against a team's second unit, and it undervalues players who have enough diversity in their game to play starter's minutes. PER has been said to reward inefficient shooting. To quote Dave Berri, the author of The Wages of Wins:

"Hollinger argues that each two point field goal made is worth about 1.65 points. A three point field goal made is worth 2.65 points. A missed field goal, though, costs a team 0.72 points. Given these values, with a bit of math we can show that a player will break even on his two point field goal attempts if he hits on 30.4% of these shots. On three pointers the break-even point is 21.4%. If a player exceeds these thresholds, and virtually every NBA player does so with respect to two-point shots, the more he shoots the higher his value in PERs. So a player can be an inefficient scorer and simply inflate his value by taking a large number of shots."

Hollinger responded via a post on ESPN's TrueHoop blog:

Berri leads off with a huge misunderstanding of PER—that the credits and debits it gives for making and missing shots equate to a “break-even” shooting mark of 30.4% on 2-point shots. He made this assumption because he forgot that PER is calibrated against the rest of the league at the end of the formula.

Actually, if we took a player that was completely average in every other respect for the 2006–07 season—rebounds, free throws, assists, turnovers, etc.—and gave him a league-average rate of shots, and all of them were 2-pointers, and he shot 30.4%, he'd end up with a PER of 7.18. As long-time PER fans know, that would make him considerably worse than nearly every player in the league.

To end up with a league-average PER of 15.00, the actual break-even mark in this case is 48.5%, which is exactly what the league average is on 2-point shots this season.

Reference guide
Hollinger has set up PER so that the league average, every season, is 15.00, which produces sort of a handy reference guide: Only 33 times has a player posted a season efficiency rating over 30.0 (with more than 15 games played in that season), with the highest score being 32.85 (Nikola Jokić). Michael Jordan, LeBron James, and Nikola Jokić lead with four 30+ seasons each, with Shaquille O'Neal, Wilt Chamberlain, Giannis Antetokounmpo, and Joel Embiid having accomplished three each, Anthony Davis having accomplished two, and David Robinson, Tracy McGrady, Dwyane Wade, Stephen Curry, Russell Westbrook, Chris Paul, and James Harden with one.

Career PER leaders (minimum 15,000 MP)
As of April 16, 2023. Active players are listed in bold. * Indicates member of the Hall of Fame.

PER since 1951–52

Career PER – Michael Jordan vs. LeBron James
Prior to the 2013–14 season, LeBron James was on the verge of surpassing Michael Jordan's career PER to take the number one spot. As the metric is averaged over the length of a player's entire career a decrease in efficiency later in his career means a player can move down in the ranking; Jordan's PER took a big hit in the final two years of his career when he returned to the game with the Washington Wizards, posting 20.7 in his penultimate season and 19.3 in his final season, compared to his career high of 31.7 (Jordan's PER was 29.1 without accounting for his Wizards years).

The debate was intensified on 1 October 2013, with Jordan stating that he would have liked to have played against LeBron, and believes he would have won a one-on-one encounter. Several news features focus on comparing the two players by using the PER metric. At the conclusion of the 2012–13 NBA season Miami Heat head coach, Erik Spoelstra, stated that comparing players from different generations is the equivalent to comparing apples and oranges. explaining: "You'll never be able to tell [how James stacks up to Jordan or Magic Johnson] because they didn't play against each other. The game is different now than when it was played in the 1980s or even before that."

Players from different NBA generations and Career PER
Comparing players from different generations using PER presents several problems, this is primarily due to the rule changes and the changes in statistical data collected from different eras (although many other factors could be taken into consideration, even down to the increased sample size as the NBA grew through incorporating more teams). Some of the more important rule changes that should be considered include; some of the players on this list, such as Wilt Chamberlain and Bill Russell, played before the three-point shot, blocks, and steals stats were officially recorded. Blocked shots and steals were first officially recorded in the NBA during the 1973–74 season. The three-point shot entered the league in 1979–80 season. During the 1990s and 2000s, numerous rule changes were incorporated, the three-point foul and clear path rules were both introduced in the 1995–96 season with the effect of increasing the number of free throws, hand-checking (the amount of contact a defender may make with an opposing player) was banned in 1994 and the use of elbows was banned in 1997 (both rules had seen various degrees of limitation by earlier rule changes) although neither was fully implemented until 2004. The 2004 rule changes, which also included calling the defensive 3 second rule ("a defensive player may not station himself in the key area longer than three seconds"—a longstanding rule which had been ignored by referees) had a major effect, opening up the game and allowing a more free-flowing offense; it encouraged aggressive inside attack based plays (to draw fouls), and has increased the number of fouls given when contact is made on players who drive to the basket. In 2009, former ABA and NBA Coach Larry Brown was quoted as saying: "The college game is much more physical than [the NBA]. I always tease Michael [Jordan], if he played today, he'd average 50."

Calculation
All calculations begin with what is called unadjusted PER (uPER). The formula is: $$ uPER = \frac{1}{min} \times \left ( 3P + \left [ \frac{2}{3} \times AST \right ] + \left [ \left ( 2 - factor \times \frac{tmAST}{tmFG} \right ) \times FG \right ] + \left [ 0.5 \times FT \times \left ( 2 - \frac{1}{3} \times \frac{tmAST}{tmFG} \right ) \right ] - \left [ VOP \times TO \right ] - \left [ VOP \times DRBP \times \left ( FGA - FG \right ) \right ] - \left [ VOP \times 0.44 \times \left ( 0.44 + \left ( 0.56 \times DRBP \right ) \right ) \times \left ( FTA - FT \right ) \right ] + \left [ VOP \times \left ( 1 - DRBP \right ) \times \left ( TRB - ORB \right ) \right ] + \left [ VOP \times DRBP \times ORB \right ] + \left [ VOP \times STL \right ] + \left [ VOP \times DRBP \times BLK \right ] - \left [ PF \times \left ( \frac{lgFT}{lgPF} - 0.44 \times \frac{lgFTA}{lgPF} \times VOP \right ) \right ] \right ) $$ When multiplied out and refactored, the equation above becomes: $$ uPER = \frac{1}{min} \times \left ( 3P - \frac{PF \times lgFT}{lgPF} + \left [ \frac{FT}{2} \times \left ( 2 - \frac{tmAST}{3 \times tmFG} \right ) \right ] + \left [ FG \times \left ( 2 - \frac{factor \times tmAST}{tmFG} \right ) \right ] + \frac{2 \times AST}{3} + VOP \times \left [ DRBP \times \left ( 2 \times ORB + BLK - 0.2464 \times \left [ FTA - FT \right ] - \left [ FGA - FG \right ] - TRB \right ) + \frac{0.44 \times lgFTA \times PF}{lgPF} - \left ( TO + ORB \right ) + STL + TRB - 0.1936 \left (FTA - FT \right ) \right ] \right ) $$ Where With
 * $$\ factor = \frac{2}{3} - \left [ \left ( 0.5 \times \frac{lgAST}{lgFG} \right ) \div \left ( 2 \times \frac{lgFG}{lgFT} \right ) \right ] $$,
 * $$\ VOP = \frac{lgPTS}{lgFGA - lgORB + lgTO + 0.44 \times lgFTA} $$,
 * $$\ DRBP = \frac{lgTRB - lgORB}{lgTRB} $$.
 * tm, the prefix, indicating of team rather than of player;
 * lg, the prefix, indicating of league rather than of player;
 * min for number of minutes played;
 * 3P for number of three-point field goals made;
 * FG for number of field goals made;
 * FT for number of free throws made;
 * VOP for value of possession (but in reference to the league, in this instance);
 * RB for number of rebounds: ORB for offensive, DRB for defensive, TRB for (total) combined, RBP for percentage of offensive or defensive;
 * others being outlined in basketball statistics.

Once uPER is calculated, it must be adjusted for team pace and normalized to the league to become PER:

$$\ PER = \left ( uPER \times \frac{lgPace}{tmPace} \right ) \times \frac{15}{lguPER} $$

This final step takes away the advantage held by players whose teams play a fastbreak style (and therefore have more possessions and more opportunities to do things on offense), and then sets the league average to 15.00. Also note that it is impossible to calculate PER (at least in the conventional manner described above) for NBA seasons prior to 1978, as the league did not keep track of turnovers among other advanced statistics before that year.

title: Player efficiency rating


text:
Philip Sparke

Philip Allen Sparke (born 29 December 1951) is an English composer and musician born in London, noted for his concert band and brass band music. His early major works include The Land of the Long White Cloud – "Aotearoa", written for the 1980 Centennial New Zealand Brass Band championship. He subsequently went on to win the EBU New Music for Band Competition three times, including in 1986 with a commission from the BBC called Orient Express.

Since May 2000, his music has been published under his own label Anglo Music Press, and distributed by Hal Leonard.

Notable achievements

 * 1997 Sudler Prize - Dance Movements
 * 2000 Iles Medal of the Worshipful Company of Musicians - Services to brass bands
 * 2005 National Band Association/William D. Revelli Memorial Band Composition Contest - Music of the Spheres
 * 2011 BUMA International Brass Award - Contributions to brass music
 * 2016 National Band Association/William D. Revelli Memorial Band Composition Contest - A Colour Symphony
 * 2018 International Award - Midwest International Band and Orchestra Clinic

Music for Wind Band and Brass Band

 * 1973/1976 Gaudium
 * 1975 The Prizewinners for Brass-Band
 * 1978/1995 Fantasy for Euphonium
 * 1979/1985 A Concert Prelude
 * 1979 Capriccio (E-flat Cornet Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 1979/1987 The Land of the Long White Cloud "Aotearoa"
 * 1981 A Tameside Overture for Brass-Band
 * 1981 Fanfare, Romance & Finale for Brass-Band
 * 1981 Song and Dance (Cornet Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 1982 Barn Dance & Cowboy Hymn for Brass-Band
 * 1983 Rhythm and Blues for Brass-Band
 * 1984 Aubade (Euphonium Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 1984 Jubilee-Overture
 * 1984 A London Overture for Brass-Band
 * 1984 A Malvern Suite for Brass-Band
 * 1984 Slipstream (Concert-March)
 * 1984/1985 The Year of the Dragon
 * Toccata
 * Interlude
 * Finale
 * 1985 A Celtic Suite for Brass-Band
 * Dawns Werin
 * Suo Gan
 * Men of Harlech
 * 1985 Masquerade (E-flat Horn Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 1985/1987 Music for a Festival
 * Con brio
 * Andantino
 * Vivo
 * 1985 Skyrider (Concert-March) for Brass-Band
 * 1986/1992 Orient Express
 * 1986/1994 Pantomime (Euphonium Solo)
 * 1986 Party Piece (Euphonium Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 1986 Prelude, Toccata & Fugue (Graduation Day) for Brass-Band
 * 1986 Variations on an Enigma for Brass-Band
 * 1987 Flying the Breeze
 * 1987 Mountain Song for Brass-Band
 * 1988 A Swiss Festival Overture
 * 1988 Concertino for Tuba (E-flat Tuba Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 1988 Concerto Grosso (Brass Quartet & Band) for Brass-Band
 * 1988 Endeavour (Australia 1788–1988) a Programmatic Rhapsody for Brass-Band
 * The unknown continent
 * Terra Australis
 * The new challenge
 * 1988 River City Serenade for Brass-Band
 * 1988 Serenade for Toni
 * 1989 Partita for Brass-Band
 * 1989 The sunken village for Fanfare Orchestra
 * 1989 A Tameside Overture
 * 1989 Theatre Music
 * Overture
 * Entr'acte
 * Finale
 * 1989 The Vikings
 * 1989/1990 Two-part Invention (Euphonium Duet)
 * 1990 Cambridge Variations for Brass-Band
 * 1990 Fanfare, Romance, Finale
 * 1990/1992 A Pittsburgh Overture
 * 1990 Sinfonietta Nr. 1
 * Overture
 * Aria
 * Scherzo
 * 1990 Triptych for Brass-Band
 * 1990 A Yorkshire Overture
 * 1991 Celebration
 * 1991 Concerto for Trumpet or Cornet for Brass-Band
 * 1992 Euphonism (Euphonium Duet) for Brass-Band
 * 1992 Jamaica Farewell
 * 1992/1996 Jubilee-Prelude
 * 1992 Serenade for Horns (E-flat Horn Trio) for Brass-Band
 * 1992 Festival Overture
 * 1992 Mountain Song
 * 1992 Mambo Jumbo
 * 1992 River City Serenade
 * 1992 Sinfonietta Nr. 2
 * Overture
 * Serenade
 * Finale
 * 1992 Soliloquy (Cornet Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 1993 Processional Overture
 * 1993 Song for Ina (Euphonuim Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 1993 Tijuana Trumpets (Trumpet feature)
 * 1994 Three Miniatures for Brass-Band
 * 1995 Dance Movements
 * Ritmico
 * Molto vivo (for Woodwinds)
 * Lento (for the Brass)
 * Molto ritmico
 * 1995 Euphonium Concerto No 1 for Brass-Band
 * 1996 Fiesta
 * 1996 White Rose Overture
 * 1996 Music for Arosa
 * 1997 Norwegian Rondo
 * 1997 Time to Say Goodbye for Brass-Band
 * 1998 Between the Moon and Mexico for Brass-Band
 * 1998 Diversions – Variations on a Swiss Folk Song "Der Heimetvogel"
 * Theme
 * Variation 1 (Vivo e scherzando)
 * Variation 2 (Subito meno mosso)
 * Variation 3 (Lento espressivo)
 * Variation 4 (Vivace)
 * 1999 Earth, Water, Sun, Wind Symphony for Band
 * Commissioned by the Northern Arizona University Wind Symphony for their Centennial Celebration
 * Earth
 * Water
 * Sun
 * Wind
 * 1999 Hanover Festival
 * Commissioned by the Hanover Wind Symphony for their Fifteenth Anniversary
 * 1999 Lindisfarne Rhapsody (Flute Solo)
 * 1999 Tallis Variations for Brass-Band
 * 1999 Wilten Festival Overture
 * 2000 The Centurion for Brass-Band
 * 2000 Five Festive Fanfares
 * 2000 Navigation Inn (Concert March)
 * 2000 Overture for Woodwinds (woodwind orchestra)
 * 2000 Time Remembered
 * 2000 To a New Dawn
 * 2001 Carol of the Shepherds
 * 2001 Ballad for Benny
 * 2001 Four Norfolk Dances
 * Pulham Prelude
 * Diss Dance
 * Lopham Lament
 * Garboldisham Gigue
 * 2001 Infinity and Beyond...

 * 2001 Invictus (The Unconquered)
 * 2001 A London Intrada
 * 2001 Navigation Inn for Brass-Band
 * 2001 The Prince of Denmark's March
 * 2001 Shalom! (Suite of Israeli Folk Songs)
 * V'ha'ir Shushan & Havdala
 * Hanerot Halalu & Ba'olam Haba
 * Mishenichnas Adar, Ani Purim & Yom Tov Lanu
 * 2001 South Down Pictures for Brass-Band
 * 2001 Sunrise at Angel's Gate
 * 2001 Te Deum Prelude
 * 2001 Time Remembered for Brass-Band
 * 2001 Two Norwegian Folk Tunes
 * 2002 Alladale from Hymn of the Highlands (Flugel, Horn and Baritone Trio) for Brass-Band
 * 2002 Big Sky Ouverture
 * 2002 Mary's Boy Child
 * 2002 Merry-Go-Round
 * 2002 Morning Song – for Horn Quartet and Band
 * 2002 Pathfinders March
 * 2002 Portrait of a City
 * 2002 Sinfonietta No 3 (Rheinfelden Sketches)
 * Promenade
 * Ballad
 * Interlude
 * Scherzo
 * 2002/2003 Suite from "Hymn of the Highlands"
 * Ardross Castle
 * Alladale
 * Dundonnell
 * 2002 Flowerdale from "Hymn of the Highlands" (Soprano Cornet Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 2002 Lairg Muir from "Hymn of the Highlands" (Cornet Solo)  for Brass-Band
 * 2002 Strathcarron from "Hymn of the Highlands" (Sword Dance) for Brass-Band
 * 2002 Summer Isles from "Hymn of the Highlands" (Euphonium Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 2002 The White Rose
 * 2003 Aria (Tenor Horn Solo) for Brass-Band
 * 2003 Clarinet Calypso
 * 2003 Clarinet Concerto
 * 2003 A Huntingdon Celebration
 * Commissioned by the Huntingdonshire Concert Band to celebrate their 10th Anniversary
 * 2003 Kaleidoscope – Five Variations on the "Brugg Song"
 * Introduction
 * Theme
 * Variation I
 * Variation II
 * Variation III
 * Variation IV
 * Variation V
 * 2003 Masquerade (A Willisau Celebration)
 * Overture
 * Elegy
 * Interlude
 * Finale
 * 2003 Out of the Darkness, Into the Light
 * 2003 Prelude and Scherzo (Trombone solo) for Brass-Band
 * 2003 Simple Sarabande
 * 2003 Ten Chorale Preludes
 * 2003 Veni Immanuel
 * 2003 Westminster Prelude
 * 2004 Between the two Rivers
 * 2004 Choral and Variations
 * 2004 A Klezmer Karnival
 * 2004 Flying the Breeze
 * 2004 Harlequin (Euphonium Solo)
 * 2004 La Caracolá
 * 2004 Mandalen Landscapes
 * 2004 Manhattan (Trumpet Solo)
 * 2004 Marchissimo
 * 2004 Music of the Spheres for Brass-Band
 * t = 0 – Big Bang
 * The Lonely Planet
 * Asteroids and Shooting Stars
 * Music of the Spheres
 * Harmonia
 * The Unknown
 * 2004/2005 Portrait of a Music
 * 2004 Postcard from Singapore
 * 2004 Summer Scene for Brass-Band
 * 2004 The Bandwagon for Brass-Band
 * 2004 The Four Noble Truths
 * Dukkha
 * Samudaya
 * Nirodha
 * Magga
 * 2005 Jeanie with the Light Brown Hair
 * 2005 Jubilate for Brass-Band
 * 2005 The Painted Desert
 * 2005 The Pioneers
 * 2005 Variants on an English Hymn Tune (Euphonium Solo)
 * 2005 In The Bleak Mid-Winter (Re-arg)
 * 2005 When the Spirit Soars
 * 2006 Valerius Variations
 * 2006 Tuba Concerto
 * 2006 Trombone Concerto
 * 2006 Dances and Alleluias for Brass Band
 * 2006 ''Parade Of The Clockwork Soldiers'
 * 2007 Albion Heritage for wind ensemble
 * Commissioned by The Association for Music in International Schools (AMIS) for the 2008 International Honor Band. World premier on 15 March 2008 in London, UK, at the AMIS 2008 International Band and Choir Festival.
 * Harmony Music for Brass-Band
 * 2007 Legend of Celobrium commissioned by the Harmonie de Soleuvre, Luxembourg, to celebrate their 100th Anniversary
 * 2007 A Monmouth Overture commissioned for Monmouth School Symphonic Wind band
 * 2007 Tales of the River Wye commissioned for Monmouth School Junior Symphonic Wind Band
 * 2007 Music for Battle Creek for Brass-Band
 * 2007 Symphonic Metamorphosis on Themes from Saint-Saëns' 3rd Symphony
 * 2008 Letter From Home commissioned by the James Madison University Brass Band, Harrisonburg, VA
 * 2008 The Roaring Forties for wind ensemble
 * 2009 Neapolitan Holiday for wind ensemble
 * Commissioned by the Green Hope High School Symphonic Band and Wind Ensemble directed by Brian Myers. World premier on 21 May 2009 at the Meymandi Concert Hall in Raleigh, North Carolina, United States.
 * 2009 A Winter's Tale for concert band
 * Commissioned by the Western Plains Wind Consortium, Daniel Baldwin, Founder and Director. World premiere on 1 December 2009 at the OPSU Centennial Theatre by the Oklahoma Panhandle State University Concert Band, under the direction of Dr. Matthew C. Saunders in Goodwell, Oklahoma, United States.
 * 2010 "Atlantic Odyssey" for concert band
 * Commissioned by the Oakton High School Bands of Vienna, Virginia, United States. World premiere by director Dr. Cheryl Newton at Oakton High School on 12 June 2010 by the Oakton High School Symphonic Band.
 * 2010 "March Celebration" for concert band
 * Commissioned by the Harmonie royale des sapeurs-pompiers d'Athus Bands of Athus, Belgium. World premiere on 23 October 2010 for the 135th anniversary of the Harmonie royale des sapeurs-pompiers d'Athus under the direction of Dr.Jean-Luc Becker at Centre Clemarais by the town's bands.
 * 2011 "Evolution: Five States of Change" for Brass Band
 * 2014 "A Colour Symphony" - Symphony No.3
 * Commissioned by the "sinfonischen blasorchester wehdel", Thomas Ratzek, conductor, with funds provided by Stiftung Niedersächsischer Volksbanken und Raiffeisenbanken and Volksbank eG Bremerhaven-Cuxland. They gave the premiere on 22 November 2014 in the Stadttheater Bremerhaven, in the presence of the composer.
 * 2014 Wind Sketches
 * Commissioned by the Tacoma Concert Band from Washington State, USA.
 * Trade Winds
 * Becalmed
 * Riding the Storm
 * 2017 "Festival Prelude 'AD Excel'"
 * Commissioned by the AD Concert Band to celebrate their 40th anniversary, by musical director Dr Trevor Farren.

National Championships of Great Britain test pieces
A number of Philip Sparke's compositions have been chosen as test pieces in the National Brass Band Championships of Great Britain. His pieces have been selected for various sections, both at the area contests and the national finals.

title: Philip Sparke


text:
File:PotterHeighamBridge.jpg

A photo of the medieval bridge at Potter Heigham, Norfolk

title: File:PotterHeighamBridge.jpg


text: User talk:207.233.109.120

title: User talk:207.233.109.120


text:
Talk:Traditional Chinese law

Official and unofficial law
Question: Is the division between official and unofficial law described in any references?

Roadrunner 21:59, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, the distinction is made by Geoffrey MacCormack in The spirit of traditional Chinese law (Athens : University of Georgia Press, 1996). --Yu Ninjie 00:21, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Factual Accuracy - Imperial law section
There are some questions arising regarding the Tang Code - please see my more detailed comments here. Either way the relevant content of the two articles does not match up.

castration
The focus on castration is still very much in violation of Undue_weight. plus, are we going to put a castration section on every single empire that practiced castration? the byzantines, romans, ottoman, and other empires all practiced castation, and we are not putting a special section for castration on each of their respective pages regarding law in the ottoman empire, byzantine empire, roman empire.

Chinese law contained hundreds of offenses for every possible offence imaginable, from disprespecting ones parents to using the emperor's name Naming taboo, which ranged from getting a slip on the wrist to death by Slow slicing. Are we going to list every single offense and punishment under chinese law? seriously?Bunser (talk) 21:15, 8 November 2011 (UTC)

in addition, the procedure for castration is already documented at the castration article itself. all that is needed is a link to castration.Bunser (talk) 21:15, 8 November 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Traditional Chinese law


text:
Talk:Second Mithridatic War

This article describes the first half of the THIRD Mithridatic War. The second Mithridatic war was started by Lucius Murena in 83 BCE. I suggest than somebody correct this article.

 * Are you sure...the article is about Lucius Murena in 83BCE, unless I have misunderstood you. Loopy 05:42, 4 October 2005 (UTC)

Magnesia and Amasra
I haven't found anything for a battle in "Magnesia on the Maeander" and in "Amasra". In fact, Magnesia seems to have been in decline and abandoned at the start of the 2nd century BC. I've only found the "Battle of the Halys River" to be the significant battle of the Second Mithridatic War. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Portughetti (talk • contribs) 09:04, 25 August 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Second Mithridatic War


text:
Sardo

Sardo is a hard, grating cow's milk Argentine cheese that is similar to pecorino romano, although the latter is made from sheep's milk and is sharper. Sardo comes from Argentina, and is not to be confused with pecorino sardo, another Italian sheep's cheese. Sardo is traditionally coagulated by animal rennet. Its flavor is mellow, yet rich, and lightly salty. It is white-yellowish in color and is sold in blocks of about 6.5 lbs. Sardo cheese meets the U.S. Standards of Identity for cow's milk.

title: Sardo


text: Talk:Zanskar

title: Talk:Zanskar


text:
C11

C11, C.XI, C-11 or C.11 may refer to:

Transport

 * C-11 Fleetster, a 1920s American light transport aircraft for use of the United States Assistant Secretary of War
 * Fokker C.XI, a 1935 Dutch reconnaissance seaplane
 * LET C-11, a license-build variant of the Soviet Yakovlev Yak-11 trainer aircraft
 * C-11 Gulfstream II, the military designation of the Gulfstream II business jet
 * Barroso (C11), a light cruiser of the Brazilian Navy
 * HMS C11, a 1907 British Royal Navy C class submarine
 * HMS Liverpool (C11), a 1937 British Royal Navy Town class light cruiser
 * JNR Class C11, a class of Japanese steam locomotives
 * USS Marblehead (C-11), an 1892 light cruiser of the United States Navy
 * BSA C11, a British motorcycle manufactured between 1939 and 1956
 * Mercedes-Benz C11, a 1990 Group C prototype race car
 * London Buses route C11, a public transportation route in England
 * LNER Class C11, a class of British steam locomotives
 * Leapmotor C11, a mid-size electric crossover SUV

Science and technology

 * C11 (C standard revision), standardized version of the C programming language
 * Head and neck cancer (ICD-10 code)
 * Eye diseases, (MeSH code); see List of MeSH codes (C11)
 * Carbon-11, an unstable isotope of the chemical element Carbon
 * Caldwell 11, the Bubble Nebula, an emission nebula in the constellation Cassiopeia

Other uses

 * C11 (rifle), a competition and training weapon used by members of the Royal Canadian Army Cadets
 * C11 Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention, 1921
 * Bill C-11, various articles of legislation of the Parliament of Canada
 * French Defence (Encyclopaedia of Chess Openings code)
 * 11th century

title: C11


text:
User:Twrist

Twrist dropped into the world in the charming city of Lincoln. He studied at the Beauchamp College, then spent a few years ambling around Lampeter in Ceredigion where he completed a degree in Religious Studies at the University of Wales, Lampeter. After a brief stint in Aberystwyth he moved to Edinburgh, where he worked in the Civil Service whilst studying for a master's degree in Environmental Policy from the Open University. He went on to study for a Professional Graduate Diploma in Education from the University of Edinburgh, before becoming a teacher for the City of Edinburgh Council Twrist is a (fairly) committed Scottish Green Party, Co-operative Group and Amnesty International member, but believes very firmly that wikipedia should avoid all political bias, and attempts to maintain a NPOV stance in all that he does on the project. He sometimes fails, and genuinely wants you to point it out when he does.

He also sings and plays the viola if he thinks no-one can hear him, and believes that writing about oneself in the third person is sickeningly pretentious. He is also pink (if you ask nicely).

cy:Defnyddiwr:Twrist

title: User:Twrist


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Joe Grady

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ABCD 02:43, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Joe Grady
Tagged as since 21:57, 13 Mar 2005 UTC. Zzyzx11 22:02, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not notable. Megan1967 06:40, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect to List of radio personalities?
 * Nevermind, it doesn't exist. Abstain. Mgm|(talk) 08:07, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Politics in The Simpsons

Politics is a common theme in the animated sitcom The Simpsons, and this phenomenon has had some crossover with real American politics. The local politics of the fictional town Springfield feature prominently in many episodes, and character archetypes represent different political concepts within a community. The show satirizes ideas across the political spectrum, though overall it is described as having left-wing and anti-establishment bias. Politicians have been caricatured in many episodes of The Simpsons, including an episode following President George H. W. Bush in response to his public criticism of the show. References to the show also feature in real-world politics. The Simpsons addresses contemporary issues including substance abuse, the economy, education, environmentalism, gun politics, health politics, LGBT rights, immigration, and criminal justice. Episodes of the show have also caused international political dispute for its portrayal of foreign countries.

Political systems
The setting of Springfield has developed as a microcosm of local government that can be used by writers and critics to reflect and comment on real-world political issues. The show features the democratic process in local politics, including elections and town hall meetings. National politics of the United States has also been featured on the show. In the season 3 episode "Mr. Lisa Goes to Washington", Lisa visits Washington, D.C. and witnesses a congressman taking a bribe while expressing sexist beliefs. This episode explores faith in democracy, considering both its weaknesses and how it corrects them.

Characters
The large cast of developed characters makes The Simpsons unique among television shows in its ability to frame complex issues within a community setting. Among the central characters, Lisa Simpson is the most developed politically. She expresses liberal beliefs and support for social justice. Among other things, Lisa is a vocal advocate of environmentalism, vegetarianism, and feminism. Marge Simpson is portrayed as an overworked housewife associated with conservative ideas of nuclear family and the role of women, though she is also recognized as a feminist within the show. Homer briefly holds political office as Springfield Sanitation Commissioner, during which time he is shown to be a dishonest populist politician who makes promises he cannot fulfill. The season 23 episode "Politically Inept, with Homer Simpson" features Homer as a cable news pundit who supports Ted Nugent for president.

Recurring characters are also used to serve as archetypes for specific political beliefs or are used to explore certain issues. Mayor Quimby is the most prominent politician character in the show, openly engaging in corruption and promiscuity while shirking leadership. Mr. Burns is portrayed as an evil scheming businessman who serves himself ahead of others. Apu Nahasapeemapetilon is a character from India who is used to give the perspective of an immigrant in the United States. Chief Wiggum, the city's chief of police, is portrayed as incompetent and symbolic of police corruption. Ned Flanders, the Simpsons' next-door neighbor, serves as an example of an Evangelical Christian. The character of Flanders is often used to parody excesses of religion, though his friendly demeanor and piety are portrayed positively. Lionel Hutz is used to portray a shyster attorney.

Political campaigns
Political campaigns and elections are featured in several episodes of The Simpsons. The season 2 episode "Two Cars in Every Garage and Three Eyes on Every Fish" features Mr. Burns running for governor against a popular incumbent with the intention of relaxing safety regulations for his business. The career politician is portrayed as a favorable alternative that cares about the state in comparison to Mr. Burns, who only seeks office for his own benefit. The season 6 episode "Sideshow Bob Roberts" features a mayoral election, pitting incumbent Mayor Quimby against Sideshow Bob, a man who had attempted to kill Bart Simpson. The Simpsons help Quimby in his reelection campaign, but Sideshow Bob is elected. Sideshow Bob uses his political power to make life difficult for the Simpsons, but it is discovered that he won through electoral fraud. The season 9 episode "Trash of the Titans" follows Homer Simpson as he runs for the office of sanitation commissioner, portraying him as an everyman who is unqualified for the role. The season 14 episode "Mr. Spritz Goes to Washington" follows Krusty the Clown as he runs for Congress to fix a local issue through government regulation. In the season 19 episode "E Pluribus Wiggum", Springfield holds the earliest presidential primary, and the town nominates eight-year-old Ralph Wiggum to express their distaste for the ensuing media circus.

Political stance
The Simpsons has been praised for its tendency to satirize ideas across the political spectrum, though the writers have shown support for progressive ideas and some commentators say that the show overall expresses a left-wing bias. It has also been accused of an anti-establishment bias, portraying government and large corporations as evil entities that take advantage of the citizens. In The Simpsons, politicians are often corrupt, Reverend Lovejoy is dismissive to churchgoers, and the local police force is both incompetent and corrupt. Despite this, there have also been occurrences in which career politicians have been portrayed as more competent or reasonable than populist or outsider candidates, such as Homer's opponent when running for sanitation commissioner or Mr. Burns' opponent in a gubernatorial election. Producer Al Jean stated in an interview that "We [the show] are of liberal bent". The show's admitted slant towards liberalism has been joked about in the show, such as in the season 7 episode "The Simpsons 138th Episode Spectacular", in which a reference is made to "hundreds of radical right-wing messages inserted into every show by creator Matt Groening".

Real-world politics
The Simpsons has alluded to politicians throughout its run, sometimes resulting in media attention. Presidents George H. W. Bush and Bill Clinton were both parodied multiple times in the series. The season 8 episode "Treehouse of Horror VII" parodied the 1996 presidential election by presenting both candidates as evil alien imposters, insisting that voters must still choose one of them because of a two-party system. The season 11 episode "Bart to the Future" received attention for mentioning a future Trump presidency 16 years before it occurred. Then-incumbent Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Tony Blair voiced himself in a cameo appearance in the season 15 episode "The Regina Monologues". United States Secretary of Commerce Robert Reich appeared as himself in the season 33 episode "Poorhouse Rock". New York mayor Bill de Blasio made two appearances as himself on the show. Arnold Schwarzenegger is portrayed as the president in The Simpsons Movie.

The show has also been referenced in politics. Senator Ted Cruz incorporated references to the show as part of his political identity despite strong backlash from writers and cast members. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo was the subject of controversy after using an image of Lisa Simpson on Twitter in a way that critics said was contrary to the character's beliefs. Several phrases coined by The Simpsons have played a role in political lexicon. "Saying the quiet part loud" was popularized as a political expression following its use in the season 6 episode "A Star Is Burns". The derogatory term for the French, "cheese eating surrender monkeys", has been adopted by conservative personalities, including Jonah Goldberg in particular.

George H. W. Bush
On January 27, 1992, during his re-election campaign, President George H. W. Bush ignited a feud between the Simpsons and the Bushes by referencing the Simpsons in a speech at the National Religious Broadcaster's convention in Washington:

"The next value I speak of must be forever cast in stone. I speak of decency, the moral courage to say what is right and condemn what's wrong, and we need a nation closer to the Waltons than the Simpsons. An America that rejects the incivility, the tide of incivility and the tide of intolerance."

The next broadcast of The Simpsons was a rerun of season 3 episode "Stark Raving Dad". In that broadcast, there was hastily included a new opening which was a response to Bush's speech. The scene begins in the Simpsons' living room. Homer, Patty, and Selma sit on the couch. Maggie is in her high chair next to the couch. Bart and Lisa are sprawled on the carpet. They all stare at the TV and watch Bush's speech. When Bush says, "We need a nation a lot more like the Waltons than the Simpsons", Bart replies "Hey, we're just like the Waltons. We're praying for an end to the Depression, too".

The producers of the show developed their response further by making the season 7 episode "Two Bad Neighbors", which had Bush move into the same neighborhood as the Simpsons. Josh Weinstein said that the episode is often misunderstood. Many audiences expected a political satire, while the writers made special effort to keep the parody apolitical. Bill Oakley stresses that "it's not a political attack, it's a personal attack!", and instead of criticizing Bush for his policies, the episode instead pokes fun at his "crotchetiness".

Constitutional law
The Constitution of the United States is the subject of jokes in The Simpsons. The season 7 episode "The Day the Violence Died" includes a parody of Schoolhouse Rock! explaining Constitutional amendments as well as federal copyright law. The season 8 episode "Homer vs. the Eighteenth Amendment" parodies the Prohibition era that began with the ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment. In the season 10 episode "Make Room for Lisa", Homer demonstrates total ignorance of the Bill of Rights, and he loses his Eighth Amendment protections from cruel and unusual punishment after mistakenly wiping the words off of the document. The season 15 episode "Bart-Mangled Banner" features the Simpsons fighting for their First Amendment right to freedom of speech after Bart accidentally moons the flag of the United States. In the season 19 episode "E Pluribus Wiggum", Lisa objects to the presidential nomination of an eight-year-old, but Bart explains that the Constitution no longer applies due to the Patriot Act.

Gun rights
The theme of gun rights was explored in the season 9 episode "The Cartridge Family". Sam Simon had pitched an episode for one of the first seasons which saw Homer getting a gun and nobody wanting him to have it. The episode concluded with Homer foiling a robbery and stating that although guns bring destruction, it worked for him. However, this episode was pitched by Mike Scully for either season 7 or 8, before being used for season 9. This provided the basic outline, and John Swartzwelder wrote the script. A lot of lines in the episode put guns in a positive light, as the staff felt that they could not just make an episode about how bad they were. Several of the staff are "pro gun", although others such as Matt Groening support "gun control". The episode was designed to be unbiased and portray each side of the argument equally. Scully noted that if there is any message in the episode, it is that a man like Homer should not own a gun. The censors were nervous about some of the episode's subject matter, such as Homer pointing the gun in Marge's face, and Bart aiming the gun at Milhouse Van Houten with an apple in his mouth, but ultimately let it go.

Economy
Economics and business feature throughout The Simpsons. Many characters engage in business ventures and get-rich-quick schemes, and many episodes focus on how these ventures are economically unsound. The season 4 episode "Marge vs. the Monorail" follows a conman that convinces the town to invest in his monorail against their own interest. The season 5 episode "$pringfield (or, How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Legalized Gambling)" addressed the legalized gambling debate, showing the casino as a positive investment in the town but also portraying the harms of problem gambling. The season 14 episode "Mr. Spritz Goes to Washington" follows Krusty the Clown as a Congressional candidate running to solve a negative externality caused by business behavior. The season 19 episode "Husbands and Knives" addresses monopoly and competition when Comic Book Guy abuses his store's lack of competition until a new store is opened to compete.

Several episodes address labor issues at Homer's workplace. In the season 4 episode "Last Exit to Springfield", the employees strike for their dental plan. In the season 17 episode "Kiss Kiss, Bang Bangalore", Mr. Burns relocates the business to India, but he finds the move too expensive after Homer teaches the workers to be lazy. In the season 21 episode "Once Upon a Time in Springfield", Mr. Burns is forced to reinstate the provision of donuts for his employees to retain them.

Taxation features in some episodes. The season 9 episode "The Trouble with Trillions" focuses on taxation and the Internal Revenue Service. In this episode, Homer cheats on his taxes and mistakenly brings an audit upon himself, but he cooperates with the IRS by helping them reclaim money owed by his boss. The two then go to Cuba, where they conclude that the American tax system is better than the alternative. The season 7 episode "Much Apu About Nothing" features a new tax to pay for a bear patrol, but Mayor Quimby blames the tax on illegal immigrants to direct pressure away from himself.

Education
The Simpsons addresses issues in public schools through its two main school-age characters, Bart and Lisa Simpson, as they attend Springfield Elementary School. Bart is a troublemaker that continually defaces school property, while Lisa is an ideal student that is unsatisfied with her schooling. Teachers in the show are portrayed as incompetent and deeply flawed; they lack faith in the students' capacity and are accordingly uninterested in supporting them. Other students in the school play the roles of simple archetypes, such as Nelson Muntz as the bully, Ralph Wiggum as the dumb student, and Martin Prince as the teacher's pet. The town of Springfield is portrayed as anti-intellectual, and the school is given little support from the community. The school is often a setting for themes of authority and rebellion, with Principal Skinner attempting to keep order in the school amidst Bart's misbehavior. Standardized testing is another common subject of satire in the show. The show also considers many other types of schooling, including preschool, military school, prep school, Catholic school, homeschool, and student-centered gifted school.

The show portrays and satirizes many aspects of school life. The season 2 episode "Lisa's Substitute" features a positive portrayal of a teacher when a substitute teacher inspires Lisa and serves as a positive role model in contrast with Homer. The season 3 episode "Separate Vocations" follows Lisa's declining school performance after a career aptitude test suggests she become a homemaker. She steals the teacher's editions of the school textbooks to prove that the teachers are not capable of teaching without them. The season 6 episode "The PTA Disbands" follows a teacher's strike, presenting the situation as harmful to students when the school is forced to hire unqualified substitutes. The season 17 episode "Girls Just Want to Have Sums" addresses single-sex education and deficiencies in female education.

Environmentalism
Lisa Simpson is portrayed as an environmental activist. Environmentalism is most prominently addressed in the season 12 episode "Lisa the Tree Hugger", in which she develops a crush on an environmental activist and begins tree sitting. Other episodes centering on her environmentalism include the season 21 episode "The Squirt and the Whale", in which she tends to a beached whale; the season 8 episode "The Old Man and the Lisa", in which she attempts to teach environmentalism to Mr. Burns; and the season 14 episode "'Scuse Me While I Miss the Sky", in which she causes a city-wide power outage to combat light pollution. Her environmentalism is also satirized in one episode in which she and Marge travel to help clean an oil spill in Alaska but flee after discovering that the glamorous jobs are taken by celebrities and finding that the work is unpleasant. The Simpsons Movie focuses specifically on environmentalism, with the plot driven by pollution and the actions of the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

Lisa's environmentalism is portrayed in contrast to apathy or hostility from other characters. In 2019, environmentalist Greta Thunberg's speech to the United Nations was compared to the role of Lisa. The Simpsons has won several Environmental Media Awards for its treatment of the topic. When creating the show, Groening chose to make Homer work at a nuclear power plant to provide opportunity for environmental commentary.

Health
The Simpsons has made jokes relating to power held by doctors, including one episode in which Dr. Hibbert expresses support for the pharmaceutical industry while wearing merchandise from several major pharmaceutical companies. In the season 4 episode "Homer's Triple Bypass", Homer attempts to defraud a health insurance provider by giving a false report of his medical history, but he has a heart attack while doing so. In the season 13 episode "Sweets and Sour Marge", Marge applies legal pressure to prevent the sale of sugary food in Springfield, but the ruling proves unpopular and turns Marge's family against her. A 2004 study found that about 40 percent of health-related messages on the show reinforce unhealthy behaviors, including messages relating to poor nutrition, harmful body image, improper medical treatment, and drug use.

Drugs
The Simpsons features characters engaging in non-recommended health behaviors related to drugs, such as smoking cigarettes and excessive alcohol consumption. Beer is common in the show, making up about nine percent of all food or drink shown in the first nine seasons. Excessive alcohol consumption is typically portrayed as a source of comedy on the show, though some episodes portray the negative aspects of alcoholism. Alcohol consumption in the show is associated with Moe's Tavern, a common setting in which several working class male characters develop an identity. The season 8 episode "Homer vs. the Eighteenth Amendment" addresses prohibition of alcohol. The town demands the change after Bart Simpson partakes in underage drinking, but it is portrayed as a failure that makes alcohol more widely available through the black market.

The heaviest drinkers among the characters, Homer Simpson and Barney Gumble, are typically portrayed as worse off due to their excessive alcohol consumption. In the season 4 episode "Mr. Plow", it is suggested that Homer caused significant harm to Barney by introducing him to beer. Homer and Barney seek treatment for their alcoholism in the season 4 episode "Duffless" and the season 11 episode "Days of Wine and D'oh'ses", respectively, in which alcoholism is treated as a serious concern. Homer's treatment begins after he is arrested for a DUI, while Barney's begins after he watches a video of how he behaved while drunk.

Cannabis use is portrayed through the stoner character of school bus driver Otto Mann. It was the main focus of the season 13 episode "Weekend at Burnsie's", in which Homer is prescribed medical cannabis. The episode portrays the drug as beneficial to Homer and demonstrates ways in which it improves his life, though he also suffers from short-term memory loss and chooses not to continue use of the drug to set an example for his children. The season 31 episode "Highway to Well" returns to the subject as several characters begin selling legal cannabis.

Several episodes concern prescription drugs. The season 16 episode "Midnight Rx" features characters traveling to Winnipeg to smuggle prescription drugs into the United States. Medication of children is the main focus of the season 11 episode "Brother's Little Helper", in which Bart is made to go on a new ADHD medication against his wishes. The drug is portrayed negatively, culminating in Bart stealing a tank as part of a paranoid delusion, though the episode recognized Ritalin as a legitimate alternative. This plot was revisited in the season 30 episode "Crystal Blue-Haired Persuasion" when Bart has to change his medications.

LGBT issues
LGBT themes and issues are explored in several episodes. In an interview, Matt Groening expressed his friendship and support to homosexuals, saying that "gay men are starved for positive portrayals of lasting love". The first appearance of a character implied to be gay was in the season 2 episode "Simpson and Delilah", in which the character Carl (voiced by Harvey Fierstein) kisses Homer. The season 8 episode "Homer's Phobia" was the first episode to entirely revolve around homosexual themes. The episode features the gay character John (voiced by John Waters), who is not immediately identifiable as a gay man and does not conform to the typical gay stereotype. After initially being fond of John, Homer acts strongly against him when he finds out about his sexuality. Homer eventually accepts John for who he is. The episode won a GLAAD Media Award, with GLAAD calling the episode "a shining example of how to bring intelligent, fair and funny representations of our community onto television".

Two later episodes that explored LGBT issues were the season 14 episode "Three Gays of the Condo" and the season 16 episode "There's Something About Marrying". The former features Homer's time living with gay roommates, while the latter centered on the right for homosexuals to get married and included Marge's sister Patty coming out as a lesbian. The Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation described the latter episode as a "ray of light".

The character Waylon Smithers was presumed to be gay for much of the show's run and came out in the season 27 episode "The Burns Cage", in which he briefly dates Julio. Smithers is shown to have a passionate and deep love for Mr. Burns; as late as 2007, during the show's 18th season, Matt Groening and executive producer James L. Brooks wrote in an interview that Smithers, being focused on one particular individual, was not homosexual, but "Burns-sexual". Smithers had expressed feelings for Mr. Burns in several episodes prior to his coming out.

Immigration
The season 7 episode "Much Apu About Nothing" follows the immigration debate as Mayor Quimby blames higher taxes on illegal immigrants, and the city undergoes a period of xenophobia targeting foreign residents. It demonstrates how the rhetoric and possible deportation affects Apu Nahasapeemapetilon, a character revealed in this episode to be in the United States on an expired visa. The episode presents the issue with a decidedly pro-immigrant stance. The season 20 episode "Coming to Homerica" revisits the immigration debate, with the plot following the residents of Springfield enlisting in a border patrol group and building a border barrier to deny entry to a Norwegian-American community.

Justice system
The mass appeal of The Simpsons allows it to influence perception of the American legal system by viewers. This may contribute to public misunderstanding and distrust of the legal system, as fictional legal systems are typically portrayed in a way that is inaccurate and disproportionately negative. The show expresses ideas of legal realism, a criticism of the legal system that emphasizes the fallibility of humans. The police department of Springfield is shown to be deeply incompetent and corrupt, with Mayor Quimby at one point handing Chief Wiggum a kickback during a televised press conference. The local news is shown to contribute to criminal issues by feeding mass hysteria. In the season 5 episode "Homer the Vigilante", a citizen's patrol is organized, but it worsens the situation, suggesting that the current police system is superior to the alternative. The show similarly parodies judicial trials and courts. In the season two episode "Bart Gets Hit by a Car", both Mr. Burns and the Simpsons freely make fraudulent claims in court after Burns hits Bart Simpson with his car. In the season 5 episode "The Boy Who Knew Too Much", Bart is forced to consider the moral dilemma of providing testimony, and the judge decides to illegally reopen the trial.

Foreign relations
Several episodes of The Simpsons have caused international controversy for their portrayal of politics in various countries. The season 6 episode "Bart vs. Australia" caused controversy in 1995, featuring the country as a "backward, boorish, alcohol-obsessed nation with criminal tendencies" and including a reference to the death of Azaria Chamberlain. Creator Matt Groening and voice actress Yeardley Smith both apologized for the tone of the episode. The season 16 episode "Goo Goo Gai Pan" features the Simpsons visiting China. The episode is critical of the Chinese government, and it makes multiple references to the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre. These include a reference to Mao Zedong as "a little angel that killed 50 million people", a scene set up to resemble the Tank Man photo, and a plaque stating "Tien An Men Square: On this site, in 1989, nothing happened" in reference to the Chinese government's censorship of the topic. When Disney+ was released in Hong Kong in 2021, the episode was not made available. The season 10 episode "Thirty Minutes over Tokyo" was not aired on the Japanese network Wowow upon its release in 1999. The episode followed the Simpsons visiting Japan and featured a scene in which Homer engaged in a fight with the Emperor.

Argentina
The season 19 episode "E Pluribus Wiggum" caused controversy in Argentina prior to its broadcast there. The controversy is over a comment by Carl Carlson, who says, "I could really go for some kind of military dictator, like Juan Perón. When he 'disappeared' you, you stayed 'disappeared!'". Carl's comment is a reference to the Dirty War, a period of military dictatorship during which as many as 30,000 political dissidents disappeared. The clip was viewed on YouTube over 10,000 times in Argentina, and some politicians in the country called for the episode to be censored or banned.

Lorenzo Pepe, former Justicialist Party congressman and president of the Perón Institute, said that "this type of program causes great harm, because the disappearances are still an open wound here". Some reacted negatively to Lenny's response to Carl's comment: "Plus, his wife was Madonna", a reference to the film Evita, where Madonna played Eva Perón. Pepe added that "the part about Madonna—that was too much". Pepe's request for banning the episode was rejected by the Federal Broadcasting Committee of Argentina on freedom of speech grounds. In an unprecedented decision, Fox decided not to air the episode in Latin America; in an e-mail sent later to the media, the network said that this decision was based on "the possibility that the episode would contribute to reopen wounds very painful to Argentina". The Federal Broadcasting Committee made it clear that the episode was not aired in Argentina by Fox's own choice.

Brazil
In 2002, the Rio de Janeiro tourist board found the season 13 episode "Blame It on Lisa" so offensive to many Brazilian people that they threatened to sue the producers. The board's exact words were: "What really hurt was the idea of the monkeys, the image that Rio de Janeiro was a jungle ... It's a completely unreal image of the city". The Brazilian president at that time, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, found it to be "a distorted vision of Brazilian reality". Rio de Janeiro had just spent millions promoting the city internationally. Producer James L. Brooks apologized to "the lovely city of Rio de Janeiro", adding that "if this does not settle the issue, Homer Simpson offers to fight with the Brazilian president on Celebrity Boxing". After the apology, the issue did not go any further. However, it was international news for a while.

"Blame It on Lisa" has been a source of academic studies in both the United States and Brazil. Alessandro de Almeida of the Federal University of Uberlândia links the depiction of Brazil in the episode with the "social chaos" of Cardoso's second term as president. In his opinion, "the association of the figure of president Fernando Henrique Cardoso with those of the decaying celebrities of Celebrity Boxing is interesting to think about the political meaning of the episode". At that moment, in which Brazil was facing serious social issues due to the Asian financial crisis, "confidence in the Brazilian federal government was severely shaken and the image of the Brazilian president was undoubtedly in decline". He also argues that the episode's criticism "is not focused only in Brazil", citing that while "in the U.S. Bart used to watch violent cartoons, in Brazil he watches 'educational' programs linked to sexuality". The character's escape from reality, according to him, "demonstrates problems of contemporary societies". He concluded his article by saying that the episode could generate a debate about the Cardoso administration that would benefit the Brazilian society, had it not been banned from broadcast television airing by Rede Globo.

France
"Cheese-eating surrender monkeys", sometimes shortened to "surrender monkeys", is Groundskeeper Willie's insulting phrase referring to the French, which gained notoriety in the United States, particularly in the run-up to the Iraq War. The line was first picked up and used predominantly by Republican politicians and publications. They were led, according to the British national newspaper The Guardian, by Jonah Goldberg, a popular columnist for the U.S. bi-weekly National Review and editor of their website National Review Online. France opposed many U.S. positions and actions, in particular, the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Some argue the phrase's success reflects deep antipathy in the U.S. towards European countries, such as France, that oppose the U.S. in international forums. The New York Post resurrected the phrase "Surrender Monkeys" as the headline for its December 7, 2006, front page, referring to the Iraq Study Group and its recommendation that U.S. combat brigades be withdrawn from Iraq by early 2008.

title: Politics in The Simpsons


text:
Talk:Mary Pope Osborne

Untitled
hi someone move this article to the correct spelling (Osborne not Osbourne) leaving a redirect under this heading? I don't know how to do it myself (and don't think I can as an anonymous user now anyway.)
 * Done. -Jcbarr 04:08, 9 December 2005 (UTC)

I need a list of Mary Pope Osbournes favorite books?!

Stub
- I have, hopefully, upgraded this article beyond "stub" status. EBY3221 (talk) 05:24, 30 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I gave this page stub status. Any objections? Nauticashades 11:51, 17 September 2006 (UTC)

Help With Picture, please
Didn't use an infobox, not sure one is necessary. I have also uploaded a picture of the author - but don't know how to clean it up or include it. Looking for some help there. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Mary_Pope_Osborne_at_2007_Booksigning.jpg signed:ElizabethEBY3221 (talk) 05:22, 30 May 2008 (UTC)

Fan Letter
Dear alex Pope tamati, I have some questions to ask you like "where" were you born and what was your early life?How's your husband?What is it like as your adult life?What was your education?Oh yeah and I am a major fan of your Magic Tree House Books!I can't wait until I have all of them.I have #'s 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26, 27,28,29,30,31,33,and 34.I just love Magic Tree House Books!,and how much adventures will Jack and Annie go on?I wonder how much.I'm asking these questions except the ones about Magic Tree House,because I'm doing a report on you and it is for my school.

From your #1 fan (probably)Zackary Steven Robuck

P.S. Please write back to me before March.Thanks!

P.S.S. About the Magic Tree House Books, I have some Reaserch Guides too(#'s 2,6,8,9,and 23(the numbers are from the real books)). Bye. I'm thinking about starting articles on the individual books, have there ever been any? Any objections? Shindo9 Hikaru  02:41, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

Wuuld this work as a picture?
(the picture of her at age 4 —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Shindo9Hikaru (talk • contribs) 02:44, 23 March 2007 (UTC).

Sal Murdocca
I added a list of books (selected) other than Magic Tree House (MTH), relying on ISFDB and LCCatalog. I also stuck in a mention of MTH illustrator Sal Murdocca, who has not been mentioned/linked here--not at all. My note at the end of section 2.1 is repetitive regarding the MTH companion books. Someone who knows whether Murdocca illustrated all of the MTH fiction books, and/or perhaps all of the MTH companions, should find appropriate earlier place(s) to mention his role. --P64 (talk) 00:19, 29 March 2014 (UTC)
 * Murdocca is credited with illustrating every one of the Will Osborne titles in LCCatalog from 2000 to present. See next section
 * --P64 (talk) 00:35, 29 March 2014 (UTC)

Family collaboration
We mention M.P.O. husband Will land sister Natalie as her collaborators in writing--and researching, i presume-- the nonfiction MTH books.

 * Will Osborne, husband

Those 20 records for W.O. include 17 (with some duplicates) dated 2000 to 2011, all illustrated by Murdocca, probably all MTH companions. The three other records for Will are two early collaborations that I have listed in this article sec 2.2-- --and one solo work by Will Osborne alone if the catalog is correct.
 * The Deadly Power of Medusa (Scholastic, 1988), Will and Mary Pope Osborne, illustrated by Steve Sullivan !--92pp-->
 * Jason and the Argonauts (Scholastic, 1988), Will and Mary Pope Osborne, illus. Steve Sullivan !--84pp-->
 * 13 Ghosts: strange but true stories (Scholastic, 1988), 86pp

 * Natalie Pope Boyce, sister

Those 37 records for N.P.B. include 36 (with many duplicates) dated 2003 to 2014, all illustrated by Murdocca, probably all companions. The one other record for Natalie is
 * The Random House book of Bible stories (Random House, 2009), retold by Mary Pope Osborne and Natalie Pope Boyce; illustrated by Michael Welply, 165pp

--P64 (talk) 00:43, 29 March 2014 (UTC)

 * Today I added these External links for her co-writers [without the datespans]
 * [1988-2011]
 * [2003-2014]
 * --P64 (talk) 01:37, 18 April 2014 (UTC)

Much of the article reads not only like an advertisement, but a copy-pasted one
The "®" trademarks on Wikipedia part was just too much. --94.246.150.68 (talk) 11:13, 19 October 2017 (UTC)

 * I could not agree more and will endeavor to make this a reputable encyclopedia article rather than the piece of PR it is today. Barkeep49 (talk)

Requested edits
If you have changes that you think will improve the article please feel free to write here and we can discuss them. As a biography of a living person, it's important to treat Ms. Osborne with respect. Best, Barkeep49 (talk) 03:47, 13 February 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mary Pope Osborne


text:
Jim Angle

James Leslie Angle II (September 14, 1946 – February 9, 2022), known as Jim Angle, was an American journalist and television reporter for Fox News and ABC News. He was part of Fox News' inaugural reporting lineup when the channel was established in 1996.

Early life
Angle was born in Fort Worth, Texas, in 1946. He studied political science at Texas Tech University, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in 1969. He then obtained a Master of Arts in Latin American studies from the University of Texas at Austin. Angle was drafted into the US Army after completing college. He was consequently deployed to Vietnam and Germany, where he gave tours of Berlin to GIs as part of the special Berlin Brigade.

Career
Angle first worked in journalism with NPR, acting as its White House correspondent for seven years during the presidencies of Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush. He was also lead anchor for the Marketplace radio program from 1990 to 1993. Angle subsequently joined ABC News, covering economics on ABC World News Tonight, Nightline, and Good Morning America. While working on Nightline, he was conferred the Excellence in Financial Journalism Award in 1994 and 1995. He then became a political and economics correspondent for CNN.

While covering the 1996 presidential campaign of Bob Dole, Angle was contacted by Brit Hume, who persuaded him to join the newly-launched Fox News channel. Angle initially served as a nightly contributor to the show Special Report with Brit Hume. In addition, he regularly was a substitute host for the Friday edition of the program, giving Hume a chance to appear on Fox News Sunday as a panelist. During his tenure at Fox, Angle covered the 1996 presidential election, the impeachment of Bill Clinton three years later, as well as important international visits made by Clinton throughout his presidency. He also reported live on the 2000 presidential election recount in Florida from Al Gore's base in Nashville, Tennessee. He was bestowed the Merriman Smith Memorial Award by the White House Correspondents' Association in 2001 and 2003 for distinguished White House coverage. Angle was named chief Washington correspondent for Fox News in 2005. He was eventually promoted to Chief National Correspondent six years later, before retiring in 2014.

Angle delivered the commencement address at Texas Tech (his alma mater) in the summer of 2012. Two years later, he was named a Distinguished Alumnus by Texas Tech. He was lauded by columnist Nat Hentoff as "[o]ne of the most fair, incisive, and informed investigative reporters on the Washington scene."

Personal life
Angle was married to Patrice Pisinski until her death from pancreatic cancer in 2021. She was the director of the Office of Technology Advancement and Outreach at the United States Department of Energy, and they first met in 2006 after the sudden death of her first husband. He was stepfather to her two children: Spencer and Chris Pisinski.

Angle died on February 9, 2022, at his home in Arlington, Virginia. He was 75; the cause of death was not announced.

title: Jim Angle


text: Talk:University of Science and Arts of Oklahoma


text:
Talk:Heilbronn

Picture "Watershed of the Rhine River" was deleted because Heilbronn is not located at this river.

BTW: picture en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Rhine_river_3.PNG shows me some rivers - but which one is Rhine, which one is Necker, which one is Main ??? ( I know it // :-) // but whats with persons not being familiar with german rivers )

Wzwz 22:04, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Translation was posted
... by Mmounties 20:09, 15 February 2006 (UTC)

Good article status
I added Good Article status to this article as it was nominated. The article looks good, but could do without so many broken links (my suggestion is only linking when necessary and remembering this is an English language encyclopedia and might *never* an article on, say, Genossenschaftskellerei Heilbronn-Erlenbach-Weinsberg. --Kripkenstein 15:24, 16 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Good point. I'll remove that link. --Mmounties 16:36, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

GA delisted
In order to uphold the quality of Good articles, all articles listed as Good articles are being reviewed against the GA criteria as part of the GA project quality task force. Unfortunately, as of September 18, 2007, this article fails to satisfy the criteria, as detailed below. For that reason, the article has been delisted from WP:GA. However, if improvements are made bringing the article up to standards, the article may be nominated at WP:GAC. If you feel this decision has been made in error, you may seek remediation at WP:GA/R.

 * Every statement that is challenged or likely to be challenged needs an inline citation.

Regards, Epbr123 17:36, 18 September 2007 (UTC)

Education
The types of schools are in my opinion wrong: "Grundschulen" are primary schools/elementary schools and no grammar schools. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.49.76.223 (talk) 20:33, 15 November 2008 (UTC) Your are right: grundschule (=ground/basic school) is primary/elementary school —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.164.225.88 (talk) 12:27, 24 February 2009 (UTC)

Special: In Heilbronn is the ice cream parlour Delarte near the "Hauptbahnhof". It´s known for the best ice cream in Heilbronn and his neighbourhood. Everyone in Heilbronn knows it so it shall be listed —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.247.166.27 (talk) 10:40, 26 July 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Heilbronn. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130822042254/http://www.npt.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=1988 to http://www.npt.gov.uk/default.aspx?page=1988

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 02:55, 31 March 2017 (UTC)

Hello kena tumi ko heilbron kelale bothata bahosa ratane help
hello kena tumi @Bold 41.116.214.208 (talk) 22:03, 11 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Heilbronn


text:
Barlings

Barlings and Low Barlings are two small hamlets lying south off the A158 road at Langworth, about 7 mi east of Lincoln in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. Low Barlings is a scattered collection of homes, situated along a trackway south from Barlings towards boggy ground near the River Witham. Both hamlets are in the civil parish of Barlings. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 460.

History
Barlings is listed in the Domesday book as "Berlinge".

Barlings includes the Grade II listed church of St Edward the Confessor, and Grade I listed Barlings Abbey ruins. Other listed buildings include a hall, house and farm house. Part of the parish was once a medieval deer park.

There are no standing remains of Barlings Abbey but the main building outside the monastic church has been interpreted as a detached monastic household such as the abbot's lodging. This building was reformed as a post-dissolution secular residence of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, who used it as a vice-regal palace. Brandon was King Henry VIII's vice-regent in Lincolnshire in the wake of the Lincolnshire Rising.

title: Barlings


text:
File:Rolandwilliams.jpg

Reverend Professor Rowland Williams (1817-1870)

title: File:Rolandwilliams.jpg