text:
Silvana Koch-Mehrin

Esther Silvana Koch-Mehrin (born 17 November 1970, in Wuppertal) is a former German politician of the Free Democratic Party of Germany who served as a Member of the European Parliament from 2004 to 2014.

Early career
In 1998, Koch-Mehrin founded her public affairs consultancy, Conseillé+Partners, together with Frank Schwalba-Hoth.

Political career
Koch-Mehrin rose to the ranks of the federal party executive under the leadership of FDP chairman Wolfgang Gerhardt in 1999. Ahead of the 2004 European elections, the new chairman Guido Westerwelle decided to make her the party’s top candidate and to run its campaign to re-enter the European Parliament for the first time in ten years; the FDP eventually won seven seats.

In parliament, Koch-Mehrin was a member of the European Parliament's Committee on Budgets. She also was a substitute member of the Committee on Budgetary Control and a member of the Delegation for relations with the Maghreb countries and the Arab Maghreb Union (including Libya). Until May 2011, Koch-Mehrin served as Vice Chairwoman of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe.

In addition to her parliamentary work, Koch-Mehrin was a EU Representative to the Executive Board of W20, member of the Advisory Board of the Council of Women World Leaders (CWWL), and a member of the Young Global Leaders Network of the World Economic Forum (WEF).

In October 2012, Koch-Mehrin announced that she would not stand in the 2014 European elections but instead resign from active politics by the end of the parliamentary term.

Plagiarism
Like Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg and Jorgo Chatzimarkakis's doctoral theses, Koch-Mehrin's 2001 thesis, titled 'Historical Currency Unions between Economy and Politics', was analysed by VroniPlag using a crowd-source effort, and she was accused of plagiarism. As a consequence of this, on 11 May 2011 she resigned as chairperson of the FDP in the European Parliament and as vice-president of the European Parliament, arguing that she wanted to end the strain the investigation put on her family.

She remained a member of the European Parliament, and continued to use the doctor title. On 15 June 2011 the University of Heidelberg officially rescinded her doctorate due to massive plagiarism. Only four days later she announced that she had become a full member of the Committee on Industry, Research and Energy. This provoked a hefty reaction from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The DFG President, Matthias Kleiner, stated that further membership of Koch-Mehrin in the European Parliament is not acceptable. Koch-Mehrin later announced that she would relinquish her seat on the committee.

Debate attendance
During the campaign for the 2009 European Parliament election, Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ) criticised Koch-Mehrin for attending only 39% of the parliamentary debates, not counting maternity leave. She answered back and gave a statutory declaration that she had participated in 75% of the debates. The European Parliament then published a corrected number of 62%, with maternity leave taken into consideration. This figure would later be corrected to 75% without maternity leave, like she had stated earlier. Since giving a wrong statutory declaration is a criminal act, the European Parliament's administration reviewed additional attendance lists Koch-Mehrin provided. Mehrin's party urged a preliminary injunction against the FAZ, but withdrew it soon after, due to the fact of her stating a true statement.

Later career
In 2013, Koch-Mehrin founded the Women in Parliaments a Global Forum (WIP), a worldwide network of female politicians. WIP is an independent, non-partisan and not-for-profit foundation. Its mission is to advance society by increasing the number and influence of women in political leadership. The foundation have had numerous conferences, of which the most recent ones have been held in Jerusalem, Nairobi and Beirut. The organisation has undertaken two studies so far; Social Media: Advancing Women in Politics? and The female political career.

Other activities

 * Walther Rathenau Institute, Member of the Board
 * Apolitical Foundation, Member of the Global Advisor Network

Political positions
In 2005, Koch-Mehrin called for all EU Member States to follow Germany in banning public displays of Nazi symbols. Her idea was roundly rejected by a number of countries who saw it as a restriction of free speech.

Personal life
Koch-Mehrin met her partner James Candon at the end of a stage both completed at the European Commission. In 2020, she was diagnosed with breast cancer.

title: Silvana Koch-Mehrin


text:
Coadjutor

The term "coadjutor" (literally "co-assister" in Latin) is a title qualifier indicating that the holder shares the office with another person, with powers equal to the other in all but formal order of precedence.

These include:

 * Coadjutor bishop, or Coadjutor archbishop
 * Coadjutor vicar, or Coadjutor apostolic vicar
 * Coadjutor eparch, or Coadjutor archeparch
 * Coadjutor exarch, or Coadjutor apostolic exarch

Overview
The office is ancient. "Coadjutor", in the 1883 Catholic Dictionary, says:

"One who helps a prelate, or a priest holding a benefice, in discharging the duties of his bishopric or benefice. Coadjutorship may be of two kinds: one temporary and revocable, allowed on account of sickness or other incapacity, and implying no right of succession; the other perpetual and irrevocable, and carrying with it the right to succeed the person coadjuted. In this latter sense it is expressly forbidden by the Council of Trent; nevertheless the Pope, for special causes, sometimes concedes it, the plenitude of his apostolic power enabling him legally to dispense with the law. If a coadjutor is required for a parish priest, it is for the bishop of the diocese to nominate one; if for a bishop, the nomination belongs to the Pope, any usage to the contrary notwithstanding. In the case of a priest, if the incapacity is temporary or curable, he must appoint a vicar or substitute, not a coadjutor. The various infirmities which justify coadjutorship—serious and incurable illness, leprosy, loss of speech, &c. —are specified in the canon law. In the case of a bishop, the terms "administrator " and "suffragan" mean much the same as coadjutor, the differences being, that the administrator's function ceases when the bishop resumes charge of the diocese or dies, and a suffragan assists the bishop in things which relate to his ministry, but has no jurisdiction; while a coadjutor has jurisdiction, and his rights may, as we have seen, by special Papal permission, subsist after the death of the coadjuted. Various points affecting the precedence, dignity, and ceremonial attaching to a coadjutor bishop have been settled from time to time by the Congregation of Rites."

Another source identifies three kinds of coadjutors:
 * (1) Temporal and revocable.
 * (2) Perpetual and irrevocable.
 * (3) Perpetual, with the right of future succession.

It describes:

"As regards temporal coadjutors. Since a cleric who enjoys a benefice cannot be deprived of it on account of old age or infirmity, it is fitting that he should have someone to assist him in the work. This substitute or coadjutor has a claim in justice to share the fruits of the benefice in a reasonable proportion. The sacred Sess. xxi. canons only speak of parochial churches; and the Council of Trent orders the bishops, as delegates of the Holy See, to provide parish priests, who are ignorant but of good life, with coadjutors and vicars, and to assign these a sufficient share of the fruits of the benefice. As regards benefices without cure of souls, it is not the custom to give these temporary coadjutors, as the end in view can be attained by other means.

As regards perpetual coadjutors. The Council of Trent forbids absolutely perpetual coadjutors except for bishops and abbots, and this only under the conditions—viz. (1) that the necessity is pressing and the utility evident; (2) and that the coadjutorship be not given with the hope of future succession."

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Coadjutor


text:
Gin and Juice

"Gin and Juice" is a song by American rapper Snoop Dogg. It was released on January 18, 1994, as the second single from his debut album, Doggystyle (1993). The song was produced by Dr. Dre and contains an interpolation from Slave's "Watching You" in its chorus and a sample from George McCrae. Tony Green created its bassline; additional vocalists on the song include Dat Nigga Daz, Jewell, Heney Loc, and Sean "Barney" Thomas. "Gin and Juice" peaked at number eight on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States. It earned a gold certification from the RIAA and sold 700,000 copies.

"Gin and Juice" was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Rap Solo Performance at the 37th Annual Grammy Awards. It was listed as number eight on VH1's "100 Greatest Hip-Hop Songs".

Critical reception
Stephen Dalton from NME wrote, "The Snoopster slopes back with a slinky low-rider of a groove and a spliffed-up wibbly-wobbly rap about smooching down the boulevard sipping happy juice in the sunshine. Slow, low beats and cheesy disco synth effects give a Parliament-style space-funk vibe, and Mr Dogg is obviously a cool drink of water on a hot afternoon, but his chilled-out musings are hardly a patch on Ice Cube's ultra-laid-back gangsta anthem 'It Was a Good Day'."

Lyrics
The lyrics depict a party filled with sex, marijuana, and alcohol continuing into the small hours of the morning. The iconic chorus, sung by David Ruffin Jr (D-Ruff), the son of former Temptation David Ruffin is:

Rollin' down the street smokin' indo Sippin' on gin and juice Laid back (with my mind on my money and my money on my mind).

One critic describes the chorus as representative of "the G-funk tableau" emphasizing cruising culture, consumption of depressants, and materialism. The last line is an example of antimetabole, a figure of speech in which two or more clauses are related to each other through a reversal of structures. The focus on money is shared throughout hip hop, including It's All About the Benjamins, Money Makes the World Go Round, Get Money, and Foe tha Love of $.

Music video
The song's music video features a teenaged Snoop Dogg throwing a wild house party after his parents leave. His parents return home angry and evict the partygoers to confront Snoop Dogg. Ricky Harris plays Snoop's father, and Dr. Dre, Warren G, Nate Dogg and Daz Dillinger make cameo appearances. Six-year-old rapper Lil Bow Wow plays Snoop's little brother who is jumping on the couch in the intro. "I was in the 'Gin and Juice' video," comedian Eddie Griffin recalled. "I pop out of this little Volkswagen full of weed smoke with my hair standing on end."

The small-budget idea was later re-purposed in videos such as J-Kwon's "Tipsy" and Oowee's "Why Cry", which features Snoop and is a shot-by-shot remake of the "Gin and Juice" video. The music video was parodied in the video for "DPG/K", where Snoop, carried on the front of a bicycle by Daz, gets hit by a car driven by B.G. Knocc Out and Dresta, two of Eazy-E's protégés with whom Snoop Dogg and Dr. Dre had feuds at the time.

Live performances
Snoop performed the song live at the American Music Awards of 1994 on February 7, 1994, and on Saturday Night Live on March 19, 1994.

Track listing

 * 12-inch single
 * 1) "Gin and Juice" (radio version—no indo)
 * 2) "Gin and Juice" (radio version)
 * 3) "Gin and Juice" (Laid Back remix)
 * 4) "Gin and Juice" (Laid Back radio mix)

Merchandising, retail, and promotions
In February 2024, Snoop and Dr. Dre created a line of drinks called Gin & Juice. The first four flavors were apricot, citrus, melon, and passionfruit. Southern Glazer's Wine and Spirits handled distribution.

title: Gin and Juice


text:
Intercultural communication principles

Inter-cultural communication principles guide the process of exchanging meaningful and unambiguous information across cultural boundaries, that preserves mutual respect and minimises antagonism. Intercultural communication can be defined simply by the communication between people from two different cultures. In response to the fact that communication between cultures can be challenging, principles have been developed to accommodate respectful inter-cultural conversations. These principles are based upon normative rules, values and needs of individuals, understanding ethics within cultural communication and overcoming pre-existing cultural assumptions towards one another.

For these purposes, culture is a shared system of symbols, beliefs, attitudes, values, expectations, and norms of behaviour. It refers to coherent groups of people whether resident wholly or partly within state territories, or existing without residence in any particular territory. Hence, these principles may have equal relevance when a tourist seeks help, where two well-established independent corporations attempt to merge their operations, and where politicians attempt to negotiate world peace. Two factors have raised the importance of this topic:
 * Improvements in communication and transportation technology have made it possible for previously stable cultures to meet in unstructured situations, e.g. the internet opens lines of communication without mediation, while airlines transplant the citizens from different countries into unfamiliar milieux. Experience proves merely crossing cultural boundaries can be considered threatening, while positive attempts to interact may provoke defensive responses. Misunderstanding may be compounded by either an exaggerated sensitivity to possible slights, or an exaggerated and over-protective fear of giving offence;
 * Some groups believe that the phenomenon of globalisation has reduced cultural diversity and so reduced the opportunity for misunderstandings, but characterising people as a homogeneous market is simplistic. One product or brand only appeals to the material aspirations of one self-selecting group of buyers, and its sales performance will not affect the vast multiplicity of factors that may separate the cultures.

What can go wrong?
Different cultures encode and decode messages differently, increasing the chances of misunderstanding. Due to different cultural systems and political backgrounds, people from different cultural environments are often easily upset by each other's casual behaviors  .The safety-first consequence of recognizing cultural differences should be to assume that others' thoughts and actions are different. Such assumptions stem from potentially devastating ignorance and can lead to much frustration for members of both cultures. Entering a culture with this type of ethnocentrism, the assumption one's own culture is correct, is another byproduct of ignorance and cultural misunderstanding. Depending on a specific culture people may react differently and may take offense, something normal to you and your culture might have a completely different meaning in someone else's perspective. An example of this is the thumbs up hand gesture, it is usually seen as something good and has a positive meaning behind it but, "When it comes to gestures, giving the thumbs-up in Iran is seen as a serious insult, rather than a positive gesture"

Rights, values, and needs
Some cultural characteristics will be easy to identify: whether people are conscious of status or make displays of material wealth. However, many rights are assumed, values are implied, and needs are unspoken, (for safety, security, love, a sense of belonging to a group, self-esteem, and the ability to attain one's goals).

For example, issues of personal security, dignity, and control will be very different as between an able-bodied and a disabled person. Similarly, there may be problems of respect when a person from a rigidly class-based culture meets a meritocrat or if there is racism, sexism or religious intolerance in play. In such situations, identity is fundamental when disputing the proper role or "place" of the other, about who is in control of their lives, and how they present themselves to the outside world. The reality is more deeply rooted in power https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/culture, who is on top of the social, economic, and/or political hierarchy. Family members or longterm rivals may be obsessed with their mutual competition.

Intercultural communication ethics
Communication is something that no one can escape and it comes in many forms. Whenever a person from one culture sends a message to be processed from a different culture, intercultural communication is present. It is important to recognize when it happens to able to make wise decisions as to how the communication takes place. Intercultural communication ethics incorporates learning about different goods, the discourse that arises from and shapes the texture of those goods, and practices that enable constructive conversation in a postmodern world of difference. In any ethical dilemma situation, hard choices must be made in considering the intent, the action, the means, the consequence, the end goal, the situation, and the embedded cultural contexts of the case. In an intercultural decision-making context, in particular, often difficult choices must be made between upholding one's own cultural beliefs and values and considering the values of the other culture. Acknowledging the different goods, values, and beliefs will help to interact with someone from a different culture. A knowledge of intercultural communication, and the ability to use it effectively, can help bridge cultural differences, mitigate problems, and assist in achieving more harmonious, productive relations. This is especially important in today's world where the market is global.

Assumptions
People may misinterpret each other's motives. For example, one group may assume that they are simply exchanging information about what they believe, but the other believes that they are negotiating a change in behavior. That is most likely to arise when the parties are not completely honest with each other from the outset. Individuals may wish to protect their privacy, corporations may be concerned about industrial espionage, and politicians may be bound by requirements of secrecy in the national interest. Nevertheless, clarifying the purpose of the interaction is essential to eliminating confusion.

Situation
If time is not a factor and those interacting approach their meetings with good will and patience, effective communication is more likely. If the parties are under pressure (whether generated by external circumstances or internal needs), emotions may colour the exchange. Prejudice is a shortcut decision-making tool. In a crisis, fear and anger may trigger more aggressive tactics, particularly if the meeting is being staged under the gaze of the news media.

Improving intercultural communication
People can try to do some research about another cultures and communication conventions of those whom they propose to meet to minimise the risk of making the elementary mistakes. Even when all interlocutors speak the same language, steps must be taken to ensure that there is no miscommunication, especially in situations where misunderstandings can have dire consequences. It is also prudent to set a clear agenda so that everyone understands the nature and purpose of the interaction. When language skills are unequal, clarifying one's meaning in five ways will improve communication:
 * 1) Avoid using slang and idioms, choosing words that will convey only the most specific denotative meaning.
 * 2) Listen carefully and, if in doubt, ask for confirmation of understanding (particularly important if local accents and pronunciation are a problem).
 * 3) Recognise that accenting and intonation can cause meaning to vary significantly.
 * 4) Respect the local communication formalities and styles, and watch for any changes in body language.
 * 5) Investigate their culture's perception of your culture by reading literature about one's culture through their eyes before entering into communication with them. This will allow one to prepare yourself for projected views of one's culture that will be borne as a visitor in their culture.
 * 6) Use politeness strategies such as hedging opinions, and making requests that allow freedom of action.
 * 7) Use euphemisms when appropriate. Using euphemistic language properly in communication can take care of the other side's face and make it easier to be accepted by the other side.
 * 8) Identify with the other person's feelings when appropriate (Moeschler, J,2007).

If it is not possible to learn the other's language, show some respect by learning a few words. In all important exchanges, a translator can convey the message.

When writing, the choice of words represent the relationship between the reader and the writer so more thought and care should be invested in the text, since it may be thoroughly analysed by the recipient.

title: Intercultural communication principles


text:
Helmut Kuhne

Helmut Kuhne (born 6 September 1949, in Soest) is a German politician who served as a Member of the European Parliament from 1994 until 2009. He is a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, part of the Socialist Group.

During his time in parliament, Kuhne sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Foreign Affairs. He was also a member of the Delegation for relations with the United States.

Education

 * 1973: Graduate in sociology

Career

 * 1974-1994: Worked at Lippstadt Protestant Grammar School and in various adult education establishments, latterly as research assistant at the Regional Institute for School and Further Education, North Rhine-Westphalia, in Soest
 * Since October 2000, taught intermittently at the Faculty for Social Sciences, Ruhr University, Bochum
 * 1974-1978: Chairman of the Young Socialists, Western Westphalia district
 * 1978-2000: Member of the Western Westphalia SPD District Executive
 * 1984-1994: Member of Soest District Council
 * 1991-1999: Member of the WDR Broadcasting Council

title: Helmut Kuhne


text:
Talk:Gregory Jbara

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Allen Coage

Allen James Coage (October 22, 1943 – March 6, 2007) was an American judoka and professional wrestler. He won medals for the United States at several international judo competitions, including the heavyweight bronze medal at the 1976 Summer Olympics, and later appeared in professional wrestling promotions such as the World Wrestling Federation, New Japan Pro-Wrestling and Stampede Wrestling under the ring names Bad News Brown, Buffalo Allen, and Bad News Allen.

Early life
Coage was born in Harlem, New York City and raised in St. Albans, Queens, attending Thomas A. Edison High School. After graduating in 1962, Coage began working in a bakery, eventually becoming a foreman.

Judo career
Coage began training in judo under Jerome Mackey after seeing a poster for Mackey's dojo on the New York City Subway, at the age of 15. He began his career in 1964 at the relatively late age of 22. After seven months as a white belt, he placed first in the Chicago Invitational tournament. Coage achieved a black belt in two and a half years and after five years was named a sandan. Coage practised a "classical" style, with his favored throws being the Ōuchi gari and the Tai otoshi. Coage also studied judo and Tomiki Aikido under Kastuo Watanabe who awarded him shodan in the latter.

Coage won the Amateur Athletic Union judo championship (heavyweight class) in 1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, and 1975, as well as winning the open division in 1970. He also competed in the Pan American Games, winning gold medals in the heavyweight class in 1967 and 1975.

In 1970, Coage relocated to Japan for two years, where he studied at Nihon University, majoring and minoring in judo. In 1972, Coage suffered a severe knee injury during an Olympic Trials bout with Jimmy Wooley, rendering him unable to compete in the 1972 Summer Olympics.

Upon recovering, Coage began training for the 1976 Summer Olympics. Coage was initially excluded from the United States judo team until a class action lawsuit was filed against the United States Olympic Committee by the United States Judo Association. Coage ultimately won a bronze medal. His victory made him the first African American to win a solo Olympic Games medal in a sport other than boxing or track and field.

Coage retired from competitive judo following the 1976 Summer Olympics due to frustrations around internal politics. He went on to hold a number of other jobs, including briefly working as a bodyguard for singer Aretha Franklin, before deciding to train as a professional wrestler.

New Japan Pro Wrestling (1977–1988, 1990–1992)
Coage began training as a professional wrestler under Antonio Inoki in the New Japan Pro-Wrestling dojo in 1977. He debuted in October 1977, briefly performing under his birth name before adopting the ring name "Buffalo Allen". Coage wrestled intermittently for NJPW over the next 15 years.

World Wide Wrestling Federation (1978, 1979)
Coage made a one-off appearance in the World Wide Wrestling Federation in February 1978, defeating jobber Frank Williams at a live event under his birth name. He returned to the promotion in January 1979 and wrestled for the WWWF for the remainder of the year, appearing on several episodes of WWF Championship Wrestling. Late in 1979, at Madison Square Garden, teaming with JoJo Andrews, Coage challenged for the NWA North American Tag Team Championship against Riki Choshu and Seiji Sakaguchi. Coage's team was unsuccessful when Andrews submitted to a Boston crab by Sakaguchi in a match that lasted just under 10 minutes.

Stampede Wrestling (1982–1988)
In 1982, Bad News Allen found a long-term home in Stu Hart's Stampede Wrestling, centered in Allen's adopted home city of Calgary. Allen remained with Stampede from 1982 until 1988, with some tours of Australia and Florida during that time, and had matches with wrestlers such as the Dynamite Kid and Bret Hart. He often referred to himself in interviews as "The Ultimate Warrior".

World Wrestling Federation (1988–1990)
Allen returned to the World Wrestling Federation in early 1988 as Bad News Brown, and it was during this time that he achieved his greatest notoriety. His trademark characteristic as Bad News Brown was never smiling—either he kept an angry face, or he "laughed loud" at the expense of opponents' misfortunes. While the roster was mostly filled with ultra-virtuous babyfaces and cowardly and monster heels, Bad News was something entirely different: a tough loner. While other heels were likely to form alliances with one another, Bad News was reclusive. His dislike for all fellow wrestlers was clear when he abandoned his teams at the Survivor Series of 1988 and 1989. Some memorable moments from his WWF tenure included winning the battle royal at WrestleMania IV by last eliminating Bret Hart, who was then a heel, after a sneak attack, followed by a brief feud with WWF World Heavyweight Champion "Macho Man" Randy Savage and his manager Miss Elizabeth in late 1988 that led to more main-event matches.

On the March 11, 1989 edition of Saturday Night's Main Event XX Bad News memorably took a microphone towards the end of his match with Hulk Hogan and told him that it was time for the Ghetto Blaster (an enzuigiri). As he was getting ready to execute it, however, Hogan got out of the way, leading him to miss the move and suffer an eventual loss.

Brown's next feud was with "Rowdy" Roddy Piper (starting at the 1990 Royal Rumble when he was eliminated by Piper, then illegally eliminated Piper. This led to Brown being ridiculed which he would counter by calling Piper out for wearing a "skirt". This culminated at WrestleMania VI in a match where both men were counted out. Brown was initially planned to continue this feud with Piper, but since neither man would agree to lose to each other, their program was scrapped and instead Brown was assigned to work with Jake "The Snake" Roberts, where Bad News used a sewer (actually a possum) rat against Jake's snake. Around this time, Brown was worked into a story where he attacked WWF president Jack Tunney on The Brother Love Show after confronting him about being denied title matches.

Brown eventually left the WWF after SummerSlam 1990, claiming Vince McMahon failed to live up to his promise to make him the company's first black champion, which reportedly affected him and his wife.

As written in the autobiography of the Dynamite Kid, Coage's legitimate toughness was displayed in a confrontation involving André the Giant, who allegedly made a racist comment on a tour bus for New Japan Pro-Wrestling. Coage overheard it and made the driver stop the bus, walked off and demanded the Giant get off and fight him one on one. André did not move from his seat and later apologized for the remark.

Later career (1990–1999)
Coage continued to work in independent promotions for several more years, including Japan's shoot wrestling UWFi promotion. In 1994, he worked in South Africa and feuded with former Stampede wrestler Gama Singh. Also worked for Tokyo Pro Wrestling from 1997 to 1998 and worked in independent shows in Calgary and Western Canada. Coage retired in 1999 due to knee damage. He continued occasionally working independent shows for friends while living in Calgary with his wife, and had considered starting a promotion himself. Additionally, he taught wrestling with Canadian wrestling coach Leo Jean, and worked as a mall security officer in Airdrie, Alberta.

Personal life
Coage was married three times. With his first wife, Audrey, he had his eldest child, Tonya. Then Coage was in a long-term relationship with Lorriane, in which he had his eldest son, Bryan, and April, and two step children—Martin and Ronda. He had another relationship with Lottie, in which he had two more children, Michael and Nancy. Coage was then married for a second time to Katharine, in which he had Lynnette. During his last marriage until his death, Coage was married to Helen in which he had one son, Allen Jr. (AJ) and raised two step children, Dawn and Frances.

At one point, Rick Bognar and Coage ran a wrestling school out of Calgary, Alberta. He was working on a book about his career and other wrestling stories before his death.

Death
Coage died of a heart attack on the morning of March 6, 2007, at Rockyview General Hospital in Calgary, minutes after being rushed there due to chest pain. Three weeks prior to his death, he had undergone hip replacement surgery. His wife Helen Coage attended with some of Allen's children and grandchildren at the Bad News Allen Memorial Show.

Judo

 * Amateur Athletic Union
 * Grand Champion (1970)
 * Heavyweight Champion (1966, 1968, 1969, 1970, 1975)
 * Black Belt
 * Hall of Fame
 * Olympic Games
 * 1976 Bronze medalist, Heavyweight
 * Pan American Games
 * 1967 Gold medalist, Heavyweight
 * 1975 Gold medalist, Heavyweight

Professional wrestling

 * Canadian Wrestling Hall of Fame
 * Class of 2007
 * Championship Wrestling from Florida
 * NWA Florida Bahamian Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Florida Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Southern Heavyweight Championship (Florida version) (1 time)
 * International Wrestling Alliance
 * IWA Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * NWA Hollywood Wrestling
 * NWA Americas Tag Team Championship (3 times) - with Leroy Brown (1) and Victor Rivera (2)
 * Polynesian Pacific Championship Wrestling
 * NWA Polynesian Pacific Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 * PWI ranked him #187 of the 500 best singles wrestlers during the "PWI Years" in 2003.
 * Stampede Wrestling
 * Stampede North American Heavyweight Championship (4 times)
 * West Coast Championship Wrestling
 * WCCW Unified Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Other titles
 * ICW Heavyweight Championship (1 time)

title: Allen Coage


text:
The Blow

The Blow is an American electro pop band, comprising Khaela Maricich and Melissa Dyne. Maricich and Dyne write, compose, produce and perform all the music. It was formed as a solo project by Maricich in 2002, and she was joined by Jona Bechtolt, from Yacht, from 2004 to 2007. Melissa Dyne became part of the project in 2007.

The live shows often incorporate monologues and other performance elements. Melissa Dyne began collaborating with Maricich on the live Blow shows starting in 2007, gradually incorporating her background in installation, sound, and conceptual art into the live show. Dyne performs live from a location off stage. Maricich and Dyne composed and produced an eponymous album for The Blow, released in 2013. They have given a series of artist talks discussing The Blow as a mode of performance art.

Formation
The Blow was formed in Olympia, Washington, United States. Maricich's solo music project had previously been called Get the Hell Out of the Way of the Volcano.

The first Blow releases, Everyday Examples of Humans Facing Straight into The Blow and Don't Do the Bomb Before My Mustache Comes, were made as home recordings by Maricich in 2001. Soon afterwards, Maricich began working with K Records, releasing Bonus Album in 2002 and The Concussive Caress in 2003. Both albums were engineered and produced by Maricich at K Records' Dub Narcotic Studio. The live performance of Concussive Caress was a monologue interspersed with songs, titled Blue Sky vs. Night Sky. Maricich toured the performance extensively in clubs, house parties, and art venues; it was part of Portland Institute of Contemporary Art's TBA festival and was performed at the LTTR Explosion at Art in General in New York. In 2004, Maricich began collaborating with Jona Bechtolt, and The Blow relocated to Portland. Together they produced two albums, Poor Aim: Love Songs, released in 2004 via States Rights Records/The Slender Means Society (later rereleased by K in 2007), and Paper Television, released on K Records in 2006. The Blow has been based in Brooklyn, NY since 2008.

In 2011, The Blow began recording a new album about "someone who is quasi-lesbian and might have gone off the rails." At performances Maricich claimed that the songs were for Lindsay Lohan's new album. The recording was completed in 2012 and includes guest appearances from Rostam Batmanglij, Bashiri Johnson, Sarab Singh, Mirah Zeitlyn, Rainy Orteca, Brian Patrick Hill, and Brian Taylor.

The Blow's album titled The Blow was released October 1, 2013, on the Brooklyn-based indie label, Kanine Records.

Albums

 * Look for It in the Sky, It Will Always Be There (1998 Knw-Yr-Own Records) (released under the artist name "Get the Hell Out of the Way of the Volcano")
 * Everyday Examples of Humans Facing Straight into the Blow (2001, 2004 K Records) (originally self-released under the artist name "Get the Hell Out of the Way of the Volcano")
 * Don't Do the Bomb Before My Moustache Comes (2002, self-released)
 * Bonus Album E.P. (2002, K Records)
 * The Concussive Caress, Or, Casey Caught Her Mom Singing Along with the Vacuum (2003, K Records)
 * Poor Aim: Love Songs E.P. (2005, Slender Means Society/States Rights Records)
 * Paper Television (2006, K Records)
 * Poor Aim: Love Songs (2007, K Records)
 * The Blow (2013, Kanine Records)
 * Brand New Abyss (2017)

Singles

 * "Alphabet Series K" (2006, Tomlab)
 * "Parentheses" (2007, Tomlab)

Compilations

 * Yoyo a Go Go (1997, Yoyo) A compilation of live performances from various artists at the Yoyo A Gogo music festival. Khaela performs "A Girl in the Sky" with Jenn Kliese
 * Projector (1998, Yoyo) Get the Hell Out of the Way of the Volcano "Bagfull of Spiders"
 * Remote Wing (2001, Knw-Yr-Own), an alternate version of "That Boy Makes me Want Things" from Everyday Examples..., retitled simply "That Boy"
 * Shipwreck Day (2002, Knw-Yr-Own), a cover of the Little Wing's "Faith Children"
 * Own Zone (2004, States Rights Records), remix of "Hey Boy"
 * Invisible Shield (2004, K Records), "The Democracy of Small Things"
 * Good Grooming for Girls (2004, Shameless Magazine), "What Tom Said About the Girls"
 * Trust in Sirens (2005, Kelp Monthly), a cover of Devo's "Snowball"
 * 2005 PDX Pop Now! (2005, PDX Pop), "Pile of Gold"
 * Free the Bird (2006, Kelp Monthly), "The Sky Opened Wide Like the Tide (Lucky Dragons New Age Power Mix)"
 * 2006 PDX Pop Now! (2006, PDX Pop), "Babay (Eat a Critter, Feel Its Wrath)"
 * Yeti No. 4 (2006, Yeti Publishing), "Get Around"
 * Joyride: Remixes (2006, K Records), a cover of Mirah's "The Garden"

Accolades

 * 'Parentheses' Ranked No. 55 in Pitchfork's "Top 100 Tracks of 2006"
 * Paper Television Ranked No. 66 in Idolater 2006 Jackin' Pop Critics Poll "Top Albums" category"
 * 'Parentheses' Ranked No. 66 in Idolater 2006 Jackin' Pop Critics Poll "Top Tracks" category"

title: The Blow


text:
Broadstairs railway station

Broadstairs railway station is on the Chatham Main Line in England, serving the seaside town of Broadstairs, Kent. It is 77 mi down the line from London Victoria and is situated between Margate and Dumpton Park.

The station and all trains that serve the station are operated by Southeastern. Trains to London can run either way through the station, depending on the route either via Margate or Ramsgate.

History
The first proposal for a station at Broadstairs was by the South Eastern Railway (SER) in November 1859, who wanted to extend their existing station at Ramsgate towards Broadstairs at an estimated cost of £20,000. However, the scheme was refused permission by the station master at Ramsgate.

Instead, the station was built by the Kent Coast Railway as part of an extension from Margate to Ramsgate Harbour. It opened on 5 October 1863. From the beginning, the line was operated by the London, Chatham & Dover Railway (LCDR), who bought the Kent Coast Railway on 1 July 1871.

The station was run by the Southern Railway (SR) following the Railways Act 1921. Having inherited lines from the LCDR and SER, the SR decided to simplify services by constructing a new line linking Broadstairs directly to the current Ramsgate station, thus joining the stations together and forming a loop along Kent. This opened on 2 July 1926.

Electric services began at Broadstairs on 15 June 1959. Goods services were withdrawn from the station on 3 June 1963. A high-speed service to London St Pancras began on 13 December 2009.

Incidents
In 2015, a woman was killed by a train at the station.

Services
All services at Broadstairs are operated by Southeastern using  and  EMUs.

The typical off-peak service in trains per hour is:

 * 1 tph to London St Pancras International via Chatham and Gravesend
 * 1 tph to London St Pancras International via Ramsgate and Canterbury West
 * 1 tph to London Victoria via Chatham
 * 1 tph to Margate
 * 2 tph to Ramsgate

Additional services including trains to and from London Bridge and London Cannon Street call at the station in the peak hours.

title: Broadstairs railway station


text:
RAF battle honours

Battle Honours are awarded by the Sovereign to Royal Air Force squadrons to commemorate the squadron's role in a particular operation.

This practice was inherited by the RAF from its Army and Navy predecessors upon its creation in 1918. Several squadrons therefore carry honors awarded when they were a part of the Royal Flying Corps or Royal Naval Air Service. Battle honors are not awarded for every operation conducted by British forces and not every squadron taking part in an operation is entitled to emblazon the honor on their standard, only those involved in contact with the enemy.

In 1943, King George VI approved the award of a Standard to RAF squadrons who have 25 years of service in either the RAF, Royal Auxiliary Air Force, Royal Naval Air Service or Royal Flying Corps. Standards can also be awarded to units which have "earned the King's appreciation for outstanding operations". A squadron can embroider the names of up to 10 battle honors on its standard, known as "emblazoning the honor".

Below is lists of battle honors which may be claimed by RAF squadrons.

First World War Battle honors

 * Amiens
 * Arras, 1917
 * Cambrai, 1917
 * East Africa, 1916–18
 * Egypt, 1915–17
 * Gaza
 * Hindenburg Line
 * Home Defence, 1916–1918
 * Italian Front & Adriatic, 1917–18
 * Loos
 * Lys
 * Mesopotamia, 1915–1918
 * Messines, 1917
 * Mons
 * Neuve Chappelle
 * North West Frontier, 1916–1918
 * Somme, 1916
 * Somme, 1918
 * Western Front, 1916–17
 * Western Front, 1917–18
 * Ypres, 1917
 * Megiddo 1918

Inter-War Battle Honors

 * Aden 1928
 * Aden 1929
 * Aden 1934
 * Afghanistan 1919–1920
 * Burma 1930–1932
 * Iraq 1919–1920
 * Iraq 1923–1925
 * Iraq 1928–1929
 * Kurdistan 1919
 * Kurdistan 1922–1924
 * Kurdistan 1930–1931
 * Mahsud 1919–1920
 * Mohmand 1927
 * Mohmand 1933
 * Northern Kurdistan 1932
 * Northern Russia 1918–1919
 * North West Frontier 1930–1931
 * North West Frontier 1935–1939
 * North West Persia 1920
 * Palestine 1936–1939
 * Somaliland 1920
 * South Persia 1918–1919
 * South Russia 1919–1920
 * Sudan 1920
 * Transjordan 1924
 * Waziristan 1919–1925

Second World War Battle honors

 * Anzio and Nettuno.
 * For operations in support of the Allied landings in Italy 9–16 September 1943.

 * Arakan 1942–1944.
 * For operations by fighter, bomber and transport squadrons in support of the First and Second Arakan Offensives, November 1942 to February 1943 and November 1943 to March 1944.

 * Arctic 1940–1945.
 * For operations over the Arctic by squadrons of Coastal Command based in Iceland, Russia and Shetland.

 * Arnhem 1944.
 * For squadrons participating in the operations of the Allied Airborne Army, 17–26 September 1944.

 * Atlantic 1939–1945.
 * For operations by aircraft of Coastal Command and others employed in the coastal role over the Atlantic Ocean from the outbreak of war to VE Day.

 * Baltic 1939–1945. For operations over the Baltic and its approaches by squadrons of Bomber and Coastal Commands from the outbreak of war to VE Day.
 * Battle of Britain 1940.
 * For interception operations by fighter squadrons over Britain, August to October 1940.

 * Berlin 1940–1945.
 * For bombardment of Berlin by aircraft of Bomber Command.

 * Biscay 1940–1945.
 * For operations over the Bay of Biscay by aircraft of Coastal and Fighter Commands, and of Bomber Command loaned to Coastal Command between the fall of France and VE Day, 25 June 1940 to 8 May 1945.

 * Biscay Ports 1940–1945. For operations over the Bay of Biscay ports from the fall of France to VE Day.
 * Bismarck. For operations by aircraft of Coastal command associated with the action against the Bismarck, 24–29 May 1941.
 * Burma 1944–1945. For operations during the 14th Army's advance from Imphal to Rangoon, the coastal amphibious assaults, and the Battle of Pegu Yomas, August 1944 to August 1945.
 * Ceylon 1942. For operations against Japanese aircraft and naval units by squadrons based in Ceylon during the Japanese attacks of April 1942.
 * Channel And North Sea 1939–1945. For ship attack, anti-submarine and mining operations over the English Channel and North Sea from the outbreak of war to VE Day.
 * Dieppe.
 * For squadrons participating in the Combined Operations Dieppe Raid (Dieppe, France) on 19 August 1942.

 * Dunkirk.
 * For operations covering the evacuation of the British Expeditionary Force and the French from Dunkirk (Operation Dynamo), 26 May to 4 June 1940.

 * East Africa 1940–1941. For operations over Kenya, the Sudan, Abyssinia, Italian Somaliland, British Somaliland, Eritrea and the Red Sea during the campaign which resulted in the conquest of Italian East Africa, 10 June 1940 to 27 November 1941.
 * Eastern Waters 1941–1945. For operations over waters east of the Mediterranean and Red Sea including the Indian Ocean, Bay of Bengal, Java Sea and South China Sea throughout the war with Japan.
 * Egypt And Libya 1942–1943. For operations in the defence of Egypt and the conquest of Libya, from the outbreak of war against Italy to the retreat of the Axis Forces into Tunisia 10 June 1940 to 6 February 1943.
 * El Alamen. For operations during the retreat to El Alamein and subsequent actions, June to November 1942.
 * El Hamma. For operations at El Hamma in support of the Battle of the Mareth Line by squadrons operationally controlled by Air Headquarters, Western Desert, 20–24 March 1943.
 * Fortress Europe 1940–1944. For operations by aircraft based in the British Isles against targets in Germany, Italy and enemy-occupied Europe, from the fall of France to the invasion of Normandy.
 * France And Germany 1944–1945. For operations over France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany during the liberation of north-west Europe and the advance into Germany, from the start of air action preparatory to the invasion of France to VE Day, April 1944 to 8 May 1945.
 * France And Low Countries 1939–1940. For operations in France and the Low Countries between the outbreak of war and the fall of France, 3 September 1939 to 25 June 1940.
 * German Ports 1940–1945. For bombardment of the German ports by aircraft of Bomber and Coastal Commands.
 * Greece 1940–1941. For operations over Albania and Greece during the Italian and German invasion, whether carried out by squadrons based in Greece or operating from external bases, 28 October 1940 to 30 April 1941.
 * Gothic Line. For operations in support of the breaching of the Gothic Line, August to September 1944.
 * Gustav Line. For squadrons participating in the operations against the Gustav Line, May 1944.
 * Habbaniya. For units engaged in the defence of RAF Habbaniya, 30 April to 6 May 1941.
 * Home Defence 1940–1945. For interception operations after the Battle of Britain, in defence of Great Britain and Northern Ireland against enemy aircraft and flying bombs, November 1940 to 1945.
 * Invasion Ports 1940. For bombing operations against German-occupied Channel ports, to dislocate enemy preparations for the invasion of England.
 * Iraq 1941. For operations in the defeat of Rashid Ali's rebellion, 2–31 May 1941.
 * Italy 1943–1945. For operations over Italy.
 * Madagascar 1942. For operations by squadrons of the South African Air Force during and after the landings in Madagascar.
 * Malaya 1941–1942. For operations against the Japanese in Malaya, Sumatra and Java from 8 December 1941 to 12 March 1942.
 * Malta 1940–1942. For squadrons participating in defensive, offensive and reconnaissance operations from Malta during the period of enemy action against the island, 10 June 1940 to 31 December 1942.
 * Manipur 1944. For operations in support of the besieged forces at Imphal, March to July 1944.
 * Mediterranean 1940–1943. For operations over Italy, Sicily and the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas by aircraft based in the Mediterranean area between 10 June 1940 and 30 June 1943.
 * Meuse Bridges. For squadrons participating in bombing operations against crossings of the Meuse during the German breakthrough between Sedan and Dinant, 12–14 May 1940.
 * Normandy 1944. For operations supporting the Allied landings in Normandy, the establishment of the lodgement area and the subsequent breakthrough, June to August 1944.
 * North Africa 1942–1943. For operations in connection with the campaign in French North Africa from the initial landings in Algeria to the expulsion of the Axis Powers from Tunisia, 8 November 1942 to 13 May 1943.
 * North Burma 1943–1944. For the supply by air of General Wingate's first long-range penetration into North Burma, February to June 1943; and for the air supply and support of his second expedition, 5 March to 26 June 1944.
 * Norway 1940. For operations over Norway during the German invasion, 9 April to 9 June 1940. Applicable to squadrons based in Norway and those operating from home bases.
 * Pacific 1941–1945. For operations against the Japanese in the Pacific theatre throughout the war with Japan, 8 December 1941 to 15 August 1945.
 * Rhine. For operations in support of the battle for the Rhine crossing, 8 February to 24 March 1945.
 * Ruhr 1940–1945. For bombardment of the Ruhr Area by aircraft of Bomber Command.
 * Russia 1941–1945. For operations from Russian bases.
 * Salerno. For operations in support of the Allied landings in Italy, 9–16 September 1943.
 * Sicily 1943. For operations in furtherance of the conquest of Sicily by aircraft based in Africa, Malta and Sicily, 1 July to 17 August 1943.
 * South East Europe 1942–1945. For operations over Yugoslavia, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria and Greece.
 * Special Operations. For operations by squadrons regularly assigned to special duties, i.e. the succour of resistance movements in enemy-occupied countries by dropping supplies and by introducing and evacuating personnel by air from the formation of the first special duty flight (20 August 1940), after the fall of France, to VE and VJ Days respectively.
 * Syria 1941. For operations over Syria during the campaign against the Vichy French, 8 June to 12 July 1941.
 * The Dams. For squadrons participating in the operations for breaching the Mohne, Eder, Serpe and Kembs Dams, May 1943 to October 1944.  See Operation Chastise.
 * Tirpitz. For operations resulting in the sinking of Tirpitz.
 * Walcheren. For operations in support of the capture of the island of Walcheren, 3 October to 9 November 1944.

Post 1945 Battle honors

 * Korea 1950–1953.
 * Limited to the three RAF Sunderland flying boat squadrons which flew patrols during the Korean War but were not involved in confrontation with the enemy. Not authorized to be emblazoned.

 * South Atlantic 1982.
 * For service in latitudes between 35° and 60° South during the period 2 April to 14 June 1982. Three of the RAF squadrons involved (Nos. 1, 18 Squadrons and 63 Squadron RAF Regiment) have the right of emblazonment. See Falklands War.

 * Gulf 1991.
 * For operations against Iraqi invasion forces in Kuwait January–March 1991. See Gulf War

 * Bosnia 1995.
 * RAF participation in, or direct support to, the allied air campaign over the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.  Nos IV(AC) and 6 Squadrons have the right to emblazonment.

 * Kosovo.
 * RAF participation in, or direct support to, the allied air campaign over the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia during the period 24 March to 20 June 1999. Nos 1, 9, 14 and 31 Squadrons have the right to emblazonment, Nos 7, 8, 23, 51, 101 and 216 Squadrons do not.

 * Sierra Leone 2000.
 * RAF support of UK military intervention in Sierra Leone. No 7 Squadron has the right to emblazonment.

 * Iraq 2003.
 * RAF support of Invasion of Iraq. See Operation Telic

 * Afghanistan 2001-2014.
 * RAF support to operations in Afghanistan (Operation Herrick).

title: RAF battle honours


text:
List of federations of trade unions

This is a list of federations of trade unions currently in existence. Those federations listed under each country are also known as national trade union centres and are organizations formed by trade unions which operate, in most cases, at the national level. The organizations listed in the worldwide section are industry/sectoral-specific (i.e. the GUFs) and international organizations representing national trade union centres (e.g. ITUC).

Council of Global Unions
The Council of Global Unions (CGU) is made up of ten global union federations (which affiliates national-level sectoral trade unions), the largest international federation of national centres (the ITUC) and the trade union body to the OECD (TUAC).

 * Building and Wood Workers International (BWI)
 * Education International (EI)
 * IndustriALL Global Union
 * International Arts and Entertainment Alliance (IAEA)
 * International Federation of Journalists (IFJ)
 * International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC)
 * International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF)
 * International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Catering, Tobacco and Allied Workers' Associations (IUF)
 * Public Services International (PSI)
 * Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD (TUAC)
 * Trade Union International of Agricultural, Forestry and Plantation Workers (TUIAFPW)
 * UNI Global Union (UNI)

Other international federations

 * International Affiliation of Writers Guilds (IAWG)
 * International Workers' Association (IWA-AIT)
 * World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU)
 * World Organization of Workers (WOW)

Africa

 * East African Trade Union Confederation
 * ITUC Regional Organisation for Africa (ITUC-Africa)
 * Organisation of African Trade Union Unity
 * Organisation of Trade Unions of West Africa

Asia

 * South Asian Regional Trade Union Council SARTU
 * ITUC Regional Organisation for Asia and Pacific ITUC Asia Pacific

Europe

 * Council of Nordic Trade Unions (NFS)
 * Eurocadres
 * European Trade Union Confederation (ETUC)
 * European Confederation of Independent Trade Unions (CESI)
 * European Federation of Public Service Unions (EPSU)
 * General Confederation of Trade Unions (GCTU)

Americas

 * Caribbean Congress of Labour
 * Trade Union Confederation of the Americas (CSA-TUCA)

Middle-East

 * International Confederation of Arab Trade Unions

title: List of federations of trade unions


text:
Girl Happy

Girl Happy is a 1965 American musical romantic comedy and beach party film starring Elvis Presley in his eighteenth feature. The movie won a fourth place prize Laurel Award in the category Top Musical of 1965. It featured the song "Puppet on a String", which reached #14 on the Billboard Hot 100, #3 on the Adult Contemporary chart and in Canada, and was certified Gold by the RIAA.

Plot
Nightclub singer Rusty Wells (Presley) and his band have just closed their engagement at the club where they work in Chicago and are about ready to leave for their annual spring break trip to Fort Lauderdale, Florida—that is, until the club's owner, Big Frank (Harold Stone), extends their stay at his club, foiling the band's plans for some sun and fun in Florida.

At the same time, Big Frank's daughter, college student Valerie (Shelley Fabares) also takes her spring break in Lauderdale with her friends, which worries her father to no end. So at the suggestion of Rusty (who sees this situation as an opportunity for him and the guys to make Lauderdale after all), Big Frank hires Rusty and his band to make the trip to Lauderdale to look after Valerie to make sure she stays out of trouble. But the task isn't easy because Rusty and the guys struggle to keep sex-crazed Italian exchange student Romano (Fabrizio Mioni) away from Valerie, while at the same time Rusty has to keep explaining the situation to his date, a good-time girl named Deena (Mary Ann Mobley), who has no patience for guys who stand her up or keep her waiting.

Rusty's watch over Valerie eventually leads to the two of them falling in love (after Rusty walks Valerie to her motel room, serenading her with "Puppet on a String"). However, after Big Frank reveals to Valerie that he is paying Rusty to be her chaperone, Valerie becomes angry and devastated to the point of going to a local nightclub, getting drunk, and starting a riot, landing everyone there in jail.

When Big Frank arrives in Lauderdale to spring Valerie from jail, he is angry with Rusty at first. But after he sees that Valerie has fallen in love with Rusty, Big Frank makes amends with Rusty, allowing Rusty and Valerie to rekindle their relationship.

Cast

 * Elvis Presley as Rusty Wells
 * Shelley Fabares as Valerie Frank
 * Harold Stone as Big Frank
 * Gary Crosby as Andy
 * Joby Baker as Wilbur
 * Jimmy Hawkins as Doc
 * Nita Talbot as Sunny Daze
 * Mary Ann Mobley as Deena Shepherd
 * Fabrizio Mioni as Romano Orlada
 * Peter Brooks as Brentwood Von Durgenfeld
 * Jackie Coogan as Sgt. Benson
 * John Fiedler as Mr. Penchill
 * Chris Noel as Betsy
 * Gail Gilmore as Nancy (credited as Gale Gilmore)
 * Beverly Adams as Girl #2 (uncredited)
 * Dan Haggerty as Charlie (uncredited)
 * Red West as Extra in the Kit Kat Club (uncredited)

Production notes
Although MGM presented Girl Happy as a beach party film ("Elvis brings his beat to the beach!", "Elvis jumps with the campus crowd to make the beach 'ball' bounce!") and while Presley had appeared shirtless in prior films, he would never appear without a shirt again for the remainder of his professional career. For Girl Happy, Presley wears long sleeve shirts for most of the film, even while water-skiing.

Filming began on June 22, 1964, and finished in late July. Even though the film is set in Fort Lauderdale, Presley did not film any scenes in the city. Primary shooting was done at the MGM studios, and the beach scenes were filmed in Southern California. Only second unit filming was done in Fort Lauderdale.

Alternate titles considered were The Only Way to Love and Girl Crazy. Joe Pasternak had produced the similar spring break movie Where the Boys Are, also set in Fort Lauderdale in 1960.

Shelley Fabares, Mary Ann Mobley, and Chris Noel each appeared in a beach party movie before Girl Happy: Fabares in Ride the Wild Surf, and both Mobley and Noel in Get Yourself a College Girl. Shelley Fabares sings "Spring Fever" in a duet with Elvis, and Nita Talbot sings the song "Read All About It". This was the first of three movies in which Fabares co-starred with Elvis.

Reception
Howard Thompson of The New York Times wrote that the film "meanders familiarly" and that "the steady stream of tunes, as rhythmical as they are unoriginal" were its "saving grace." Variety called it "another musical winner," adding "A story line unburdened by anything but lightness and a dozen song numbers belted out in singer's customary style provide the type of pleasant fare which Presley's fans have come to expect." Margaret Harford of the Los Angeles Times called the film "another 'beach musical' that looks livelier and fresher than most." The Monthly Film Bulletin called it "very much a standard Presley vehicle. In other words, Elvis is the only really interesting thing about it."

Home media
The film made its home video debut in 1988, being released on VHS. When it was reissued on VHS in 1997, the song "Startin' Tonight" was deleted. It was eventually reinstated back into the film when it made its DVD debut in 2007.

DVD reviews

 * Elvis - The Hollywood Collection (Kissin' Cousins/Girl Happy/Tickle Me/Stay Away, Joe/Live a Little, Love a Little/Charro!) Review by Stuart Galbraith IV at DVD Talk, September 11, 2007.
 * Review by Mike Noyes at The DVD Lounge, 08.07.2007.

title: Girl Happy


text:
Henrik Lax

Henrik Lax (born Rolf Henrik Richard Lax on 6 May 1946 in Helsinki) is a Finnish politician and former Member of the European Parliament with the Swedish People's Party, Member of the Bureau of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe and sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Civil Liberties, Justice and Home Affairs.

Lax was a substitute for the Committee on the Environment, Public Health and Food Safety, a member of the Delegation to the EU-Russia Parliamentary Cooperation Committee and a substitute for the Delegation to the EU-Moldova Parliamentary Cooperation Committee.

Lax was the Swedish People's Party's candidate in the 2006 presidential election. He finished 7th out of the 8 candidates, with a vote share of 1.6% (48,703 votes). After the first round, he joined the other centre-right candidates in expressing his support for Sauli Niinistö in the runoff election between Niinistö and Tarja Halonen.

Lax has argued that Finland would be better off if it sought membership of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. He has argued that the time is now, and the option would not be available if the current peaceful situation changed.

Education

 * 1967: English and comparative law, City of London College
 * 1969: Degree in law from Helsinki University
 * 1972: Deputy district judge
 * 1973: Degree in economics, Hanken School of Economics in Helsinki
 * 1980: Management, Institute of Leadership, Stockholm

Career

 * 1969-1971: Research assistant with the national social science commission
 * 1969-1972: Court practice, lawyer and prosecution
 * 1971-1973: Industry's committee on taxation, legal expert and secretary
 * 1973-1987: Oy Tampella Ab
 * legal expert, board and management secretary
 * head of subsidiary management
 * head of textile industry's tarpaulin sector
 * assistant director responsible for Group information activities and management training
 * since 1988: Governing board of life insurance company Suomi
 * since 1995: Governing board of Alko
 * Chairman of the Board of Celemi, Finland (learning solutions and projects for change in large corporate organisations)
 * 1987-2004: Member of Finnish Parliament for the Swedish People's Party
 * 1991-2003: Chairman of Committee on Civil Law
 * 1995-2004: Vice-Chairman of the parliamentary group
 * 2000-2004: Member of the parliamentary Committee on Foreign Affairs
 * Vice-Chairman of the parliamentary Committee on Foreign Affairs (2000, 2002,-2003)
 * 2003-2004: Member of the parliamentary Committee on the Constitution
 * 2002-2004: Member of the monitoring group on security policy set up by Prime Minister Paavo Lipponen
 * 1993-2005: Chairman of the Swedish Assembly of Finland
 * Military rank: Captain
 * Officer corps, French Legion of Honour
 * Knight First Class of the Order of the White Rose of Finland

Trivia
Lax means salmon in Swedish

title: Henrik Lax


text:
Talk:Zoop

Erm... interesting screenshot
Is there any way we can get some sort of clarification vis-a-vis the included screenshot? Technically speaking, I'm not sure it even qualifies as a screenshot (as opposed to, I don't know, an ASCII art representation...), but at the very least we have should have some sort of information as to what version of the game it was derived from. – Seancdaug 21:13, Apr 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * That appears to be fixed, as an actual (non-free) screenshot from the Genesis game has replaced the (free) ASCII art. I just updated the discussion to correspond to the Genesis screenshot at the same time I added a logo culled from the box art. --Damian Yerrick (talk | stalk) 01:45, 11 June 2007 (UTC)
 * We need a screenshot from either version of the game (SNES, Genesis, Jaguar, PS1, etc.).

Source

 * https://archive.org/details/pcmania38/page/n13

Spoken WP
I am going to record this article soon.  Mario Jump  83!  15:35, 22 April 2021 (UTC)

 * Congrats on all your contributions. I am picking this up for recording per user request.  I assume you have enough other stuff on your plate these days. 0101Abc (talk) 00:49, 21 July 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Zoop