text:
Talk:Death and funeral of Pope John Paul II/Archive 1

Is the Pope already a Saint?
Santo Subito!
 * Do I think he could / probably would become a Saint? - Yes
 * Is he already officially a Saint already? - No (How could he? Need a Pope to make someone a Saint, we haven't gotten a new Pope yet.)
 * -- KTC 13:01, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Apart from which, officially the Church will not start the canonisation process within 5 years of the death of the person concerned (although JP II himself bent the rules in the case of Mother Theresa), and everything the candidate ever wrote has to be read to check that he's theologically orthodox, and after that, of course, is the need to have two officially accepted miracles. -- Arwel 13:43, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The Pope can and did make a rule to allow the Pope to waive the rule if he so wish. As was the case with Mother Theresa, JPII indeed did waive the rule. So either way, a Pope is needed first. And of course, a Pope could just make someone a Saint without going through all that. He is the ultimate decision maker. Not that it's going to happen tho. -- KTC 01:31, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Events So Far
Can someone add accurate information about the private lying in state, the processional to St. Peter's, public lying in state (times, etc).

Pope John Paul II has been buried in St Peter's Basilica. His funeral in Rome, which was watched by many thousands of people was attended also by 200 world leaders.

An enormous crowd of pilgrims packed St Peter's Square and surrounding streets.

Millions of people witnessed the Mass on TV, some on public screens in cities around the world.

After the requiem, the coffin was returned to the basilica and its final resting place in the crypt.

Senior clerics and friends of the Pope were in the crypt for the private interment.

Heads of State
Is someone just naming the heads of state that are currently in office? There are no sources listed or confirmation that these people are attending that I have seen.

It should be noted that the world leaders listed will only come if the Vatican sends them an invitiation to come. Said list has been amended with a number of American heads of state expected to come.

 * I've rephrased the comments at the head of the list of attendees to indicate the tentative nature of the list. IceKarma 11:06, 2005 Apr 5 (UTC)

It will be interesting if many/all of these people show up at the same time... GWB and Fidel Castro? Maybe they can trade numbers or something... --Chiacomo 13:53, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Pallbearers to St. Peter's
Can someone expand this page to discuss the procession carrying the Pope's remains from the Apostolic Palace to St. Peter's Basilica? I would also be interested to know who the pallbearers were.
 * The pall bearers were ushers who had served the Holy Father during his time at the Vatican. Don't know their names. They were dressed in their "uniforms"... Monks on both sides of the bier sang the Kyrie Eleison (Lord have mercy) and carried lit tapers as the procession passed across the square... Had I more details, I'd add them. Sorry. --Chiacomo 03:31, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * The pallbearer's are officially known as "Papal Gentlemen". They are members of families that have long served the Pope (for centuries).  Like the user said above, they are essentially ushers, or butlers, for the Pope.  For example, if the Pope has visitors, they will escort the visitor, tell the visitor where to sit/what to do, etc.  As far as I know, these same Gentlemen that carried John Paul the Great's body will serve the next Pope.  I have no information about their names.  If someone wants to add this "generic" information please do so.
 * Interestingly enough, many of the Papal Gentlemen comes from Papal families themselves. Some have as many as 4 pontiffs in their family trees (not to mention saints). Their service to the Holy Father is steeped in history and their family names pop up frequently in the histories of Rome and it's ruling families... Very interesting stuff. Perhaps they deserve an article of their own -- I'll try to gather more information. --Chiacomo 14:45, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * These are the same folks who were at one time "Secret Chamberlains of the Cape and Sword", "Privy Chamberlains of the Cape and Sword", etc. Reforms in 1968 made then "Gentlemen of His Holiness". There were at one time as many as 600 such "chamberlains" -- some having actual jobs, but most apparently serving the ceremonial functions we've seen of late in certain processions and church festivals.

 * I might be confused, but doesn't the Pope's funeral, scheduled for Friday, have to take place before there will be pallbearers' names to record? IceKarma 04:09, 2005 Apr 5 (UTC)
 * I think we're speaking of the gentlemen who carried the body of the Pope across the square today rather than the actual bearers of the body during the funeral. Properly, I didn't see a "pall" as I understand it as a burial cloth or wrapping or as we generally understand it here in the southern US as a floral arrangment. It is interesting too when we consider the relationship to the pallium worn by the Pope and metropolitan archbishops. --Chiacomo 04:36, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * In Catholicism, the burial pall is a particular form of the pallium that archbishops wear and one of the linens that covers a chalice in the celebration of the Eucharist. The significance and symbolism is intertwined.  While many of us in Western cultures see pallbearers as only limited to the carrying of an actual casket covered in a burial pall, the Papal Gentlemen did in fact serve as "pallbearers" during the transfer of the apostolic person from the palace to the basilica.  --Gerald Farinas 17:12, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Factual Accuracy
What is being disputed as factually inaccurate? I presume the list of attendees is disputed -- isn't the section on attendees titled "Prominent Likely Attendees"? I'm guessing this list will be revised as a more accurate list is available, perhaps as these individuals are actually invited and accept the invitation. As it stands, the list is useful as a reference of who will likely be there. --Chiacomo 04:52, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I can't find anything, so after incorporating comments about how the Vatican's official list of invitees has not been made public and that the list is intended as leaders expected to be invited, rather than confirmed, I've removed the disputed tag. IceKarma 11:05, 2005 Apr 5 (UTC)

 * One problem I found... the article states that JPII's body was placed inside of three caskets *before* the funeral mass but this isn't true. According to news reports, the body was placed inside a simple, cypress casket before the mass.  Then, after the mass, but before burial, the cypress casket was placed within a zinc casket which was then placed inside another woodent (possibly oak) casket.  The three caskets were then interred into the ground beneath St. Peter's Basilica.  This was reported on CNN during the live broadcast as well as on NPR and a local radio station I heard.  Can we change this? Gurp13 14:57, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

List of dignitaries
Considering the extreme length of the list of dignitaries, it has been moved to a separate article entitled List of dignitaries at the funeral of Pope John Paul II. This frees up space for the expected lengthening of the main article, allowing for faster download of text and photos on older computers. --Gerald Farinas 15:17, 5 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Preparation
I heard a few moments ago (on CNN) that the Pope's body has not yet been embalmed (though I read in other online news articles that it had been embalmed "lightly")... Other sources say the Vatican said the body had been "prepared" without elaborating. Without being macbre or disrespectful, how can the body lie for 6 days in the open without some sort of preparation?--Chiacomo 03:35, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

The "preparation" would deal with the situation. It wouldn't be a complete embalment, perhaps, but it would be more than enough to prevent premature decomposition.

 * I was talking with some of my theology professors about this. There is a theory that they deliberately chose not to do a full embalming hoping that the possibility of a lack of smell and little decomposition could qualify as a miracle for future consideration in beatification and canonization proceedings for sainthood.

 * ABC News, and I'm guessing other firms too, called the embalming firms throughout Rome to investigate what embalming could have been done by any of them. Apparently, the family that did the embalming of all the previous popes in the past century said that the Vatican told them that they weren't needed and explained their decision to them.

 * Also, it is not entirely inconceivable that a body could go through a period of several days without a whole lot of decomposition and smell. It can be done and it has happened.  We also have to consider air conditioning and the fact that incense is heavily used in most Roman Catholic rites, as a symbol of prayers rising to heaven.  This is especially true at St. Peter's Basilica.  --Gerald Farinas 13:17, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I may well be wrong, but I seem to reacall hearing somewhere (probably on EWTN or the History Channel) that incorruptibility didn't count as a miracle for canonization. This site says that the Church is "reluctant" to accept incorruptibilty as a miracle. By the by, it also says that the body of John XXIII was sprayed with some kind of chemicals prior to being displayed to the public. Check it out. :) --User:Jenmoa 04:48, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Nomenclature for Martinez Somalo
Cardinal Martinez Somalo is referred to as "Cardinal Somalo" almost throughout;his family name proper is "Martinez",Somalo is the matronymic added in Spanish practice.--Louis E./le@put.com/12.144.5.2 14:17, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * I fixed that for you. Thanks for the heads up! --Gerald Farinas 14:54, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Terrorism
Perhaps the phrase, "infamous Air Force One" would be better stated "easily recognizable" or even "famous". Is Air Force One really "infamous"? --68.213.57.224 16:13, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Sorry. Problem fixed. --Gerald Farinas 16:31, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Death Certificate
It appears that the death certificate referenced (and linked) to in the article was not issued by Cardinal Martínez Somalo but rather Dr. Renato Buzzonetti. I'm guessing, based on what I've read, that there are probably two death certificates -- one issued by the public health authority and one issued by the church. I'm not sure, of course. Anyone have any clues on this? Perhaps the cardinal only officially promulgated the death certificate (in which case there would be only one). --Chiacomo 19:03, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Dr. Renato Buzzonetti works for the camerlengo. The camerlengo ceremonially issues or authorizes the death certificate as the governing authority of the sancte sede, as is tradition, but signed by the head physician of the Vatican City State.  Think of it as the same way an attorney general's or secretary of state's name/signature as the authorizing agent is listed on a state i.d. or driver's license issued in the United States.  Or the way the head of the state department of health's signature is present on a birth certificate, but signed by a physician that actually checked the baby's health.  --Gerald Farinas 19:22, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Excellent! I knew there was an answer... I'm generally very impressed with how well this whole article has come together. So much information, very well organized, etc... I've never watched an article develop this closely. I can only hope all articles evolve as smoothly as this one has. --Chiacomo 19:28, 6 Apr 2005 (UTC)

white silk veil
Does someone know what the white silk veil placed over John Pauls face stands for? 85.124.45.91 16:10, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * He is unembalmed - it is likely to do with his biological decay. --Oldak Quill 23:51, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It's not precisely true to say he is unembalmed. None of his organs were removed.  I'm not sure if embalming fluid was administered.  At very least, his skin was treated for the viewing.  A body just can't lie in the open for several says without some treatment.  The white silk veil is a traditional symbolic gesture that shows that from now on JPII will only be seeing the face of god, from what I understand. I looked for a source on this but couldn't find it yet.  I may have heard it on the telecast from one of the Catholic experts.  Not sure, though.  Gurp13 17:45, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

CofE

 * ''"The funeral of Pope John Paul II will be the first since the Church of England's break from Rome in the 16th century at which the sitting Archbishop of Canterbury, who is leader of the Church of England and the Anglican Communion, will be present."

I thought the monarch of the United Kingdom was the leader of the Church of England? --Oldak Quill 23:50, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * The Archbishop of Canterbury is the Primate of the Church of England while the Queen is constitutionally titled Supreme Governor of the Church of England. The Queen, I suppose, is by title the leader of the church, the Archbishop is actually in charge. Reference the above linked article on the Supreme Governor for more information on the relationship. As a note: I understand the CoE doesn't consider itself Protestant -- rather, they contend they are Catholics that don't recognize the supremacy of Rome. --Chiacomo 02:53, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Why does this article exist?!
This article should obviously be on Wikinews. Wikipedia is not a new site. So why is it here?→Raul654 13:20, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * This was an instance where a news story accrued such an immense historical significance (the largest single pilgrimage of people in the history of the world) that it warranted its own Wikipedia article. You may notice that this article was originally a subsection of the Pope John Paul II article, where a link to the related Wikinews article is also found.  --Gerald Farinas 13:44, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I concur with Farinas, this is an historic event and warrants a Wikipedia article - it is about the largest gathering of world leaders ever. It is now far too good, informative, encyclopaedic, and NPOV to move - --Oldak Quill 13:55, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * In my case, this is a "once in a lifetime" event -- at least so far... Great article about a fascinating topic. --Chiacomo

 * This is indeed an historical event directly affecting nearly one billion people, rather than a newsworthy incident. --Taxrelief

Television Coverage
While on the whole a quite well written article, i must take issue with the viewership figures given for the funeral. i strongly doubt that every person on the planet (bar a few million perhaps) watched this on tv. while the potential viewership may be 6 billion people, it seems highly implausible to suggest 6 billion people actually watching it. for example, if only half of the chinese and indian populations watched it (a VERY generous figure in my opinion), there is a billion people ruled out right there. a leap too far in my book

 * Correct. Associated Press estimated over 2 billion people watched. --Gerald Farinas 15:05, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Homily
Does the entire text belong in this article (which is already quite long)? I propose that it be moved to Wikisource. --Dhartung | Talk 20:35, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I believe the homily text provide substantial depth and will be referenced by students across the world for years to come. -Taxrelief

I concur with Dartung. Wikisource exists for such things. To Taxrelief, we don't want to wipe the text out, simply move it to a repository more suited for it. It can be linked from the article. What is the homily's copyright status? --Slowking Man 22:28, Apr 8, 2005 (UTC)

It should indeed be moved to Wikisource. I don't think we need to worry about copyright status as the Vatican is probably quite happy for it to be reproduced wherever. — Trilobite (Talk) 03:13, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Raul654, whom I asked for advice, is skeptical. Vatican City is a signatory to the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, which means copyright is automatic and must be explicitly divested for reuse (excepting fair use and the like, of course). I've dug around the Internet, but I can't find any definitive statement of the copyright status of Vatican publications. Some areas of the Vatican website, such as the Vatican Library pages, have "All rights reserved" messages, but that's all. --Slowking Man 04:03, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)

I agree. If/when the copyright issue is figured out, the homily ought to go to Wikisource. It's very long - a link would be better. --User:Jenmoa 05:06, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Where did the text of the homily go? Ironic isn't it that the person who delivered this homily ended up becoming our next Pope. -Taxrelief

Which Creed
The article mentions that the Nicene Creed was recited rather than the Apostle's Creed. I don't know if this is worldwide but in the US Catholic church the Nicene Creed is the standard creed recited at each Mass. The Apostles Creed is used on special occasions, particularly Masses with a large percentage of children in attendence, and when beginning the Rosary.

 * Maybe it has to do with the Pope being the succesor of the Apostles? (Alphaboi867 03:19, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC))

In the Philippines, we usually use the Apostle's Creed during mass, and the Nicene Creed on certain special occasions. I've heard mass in some other churches in Asia and the Apostle's Creed is what is usually used. --Ronaldo Guevara 11:50, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Sound recording
Can we find a sound recording (preferably in mp3) of the funeral, or at least the mass of requiem and Cardinal Ratzinger's speech?

Deacon nationality
I've amended "An American deacon, Paul Moss, began by singing, "The Gospel according to John."" - according to the RC Archbishop of Birmingham, UK, commentating on the BBC TV coverage, Moss is English, and he will be ordaining Paul Moss next July and he will be working in the Birmingham archdiocese. -- Arwel 01:15, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The reason I wrote American was that both CBS News and ABC News coverage said he was an American. I guess they were mistaken?  --Gerald Farinas 04:43, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Pictures
This is a really nice article, but can someone please tell me when Wikipedia's policy about picture copyrights was changed? As far as I know, Associated Press pictures are still unacceptable on Wikipedia. I note that someone has already listed them on Copyright problems -- Arwel 01:15, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This is my understanding as well. The AP charges a hefty fee for permission to republish its pictures, so I don't see why Wikipedia is free to violate the AP's copyright protection.  The only exception is for rare cases where the image uniquely shows something that nothing else could quite illustrate, or those with historical significance (e.g. Image:Deweytruman12.jpg).  Yes, these images have historical significance, but Wikipedia should pick one, maybe two at most, if we're claiming fair use. --Minesweeper 02:26, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I had noticed that, and was about to do something. Observe that not all the article's photos are AP, however. --Slowking Man 04:04, Apr 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * 11 of the 13 pictures on the page are currently from AP, which is wildly excessive for any conceivable claim of "fair use" - the only non-AP pictures are the ones in the crypt, taken from L'Osservatore Romano, and I wonder what their copyright status is, too. Sorry, but most of those pictures will have to go, soon. Surely there were some Wikipedians in the crowd who had cameras? -- Arwel 14:54, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Have a look to see what pictures other Wikipedias are using, perhaps the Italian, French and Norwegian would be good places to start (the latter two as they appear to have specific articles on his funeral). Thryduulf 17:49, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * The Norwegian Wikipedia has no pictures, French uses one picture of JP II in his prime, only; Italian uses a number of pictures from Agencia Brasil which are claimed to be released for free use as long as origin is attributed, and a few photos of the crowd in St Peters' Square from Wikipedians; German has a picture of JP II lying in state from the Argentinian presidential site, which has released all pictures under GNU FDL, if I understand the mixture of German and Spanish correctly! -- Arwel 20:37, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

As I see it, the only pictures that one can claim "fair use" are the 2 from L'Osservatore Romano (if they're copyrighted), as those are the only picture available of events during the Rite of Interment & lowering of the coffin since it was a private event. -- KTC 23:07, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Article move
Why was this article moved to Funeral of Pope Karol Józef WojtyÅ&? I've reverted it for the following reasons:
 * The polish "ł" character breaks in the title to "Å,"
 * He was never Pope Karol Józef Wojtyła, he was Priest/Bishop/Archbishop/Cardinal Karol Józef Wojtyła but upon becomming Pope he was Pope John Paul II
 * Wikipedia naming conventions are that the most common name should be used.
 * There was apparently no discussion of the move. Thryduulf 14:49, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Supposed official nature of "the Great"
I don't believe this sentence is correct (referring to Pope John Paul II being referred to as the Great):

 * While the appellation [of "the Great"] was omitted from the spoken homily, under Vatican rules, what members of the College of Cardinals write during the interregnum is deemed official.

I am unaware of any Vatican rules giving individual members of the college such authority. I am aware, under Universi Dominici Gregis, that during the interregnum only the sacred college as a college has such authority, and even then they are restricted, both in Universi and in canon 335 of the 1983 code, to no innovation sede vacante. Thus, I will remove the sentence until a source can be provided. Pmadrid 00:23, 27 January 2006 (UTC)

pall bearers
Pall bears are chosen (or selected if you prefer), but aren't consecrated. In Catholicism, only objects (altars for example) or people are consecrated (consecrated life). Both suggest a PERMANENT reality, not a temporary one. DaveTroy 12:21, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

Delisted GA
This article did not go through the current GAN nomination process. Looking at the article as is, it fails on criteria 2b of the GA quality standards. Although references are provided, the citation of sources is essential for verifiability. Most Good Articles use inline citations. I would recommend that this be fixed, to reexamine the article against the GA quality standards, and to submit the article through the nomination process. --RelHistBuff 10:20, 9 August 2006 (UTC)

Which Creed
The article mentions that the Nicene Creed was recited rather than the Apostle's Creed. I don't know if this is worldwide but in the US Catholic church the Nicene Creed is the standard creed recited at each Mass. The Apostles Creed is used on special occasions, particularly Masses with a large percentage of children in attendence, and when beginning the Rosary.

 * Maybe it has to do with the Pope being the succesor of the Apostles? (Alphaboi867 03:19, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC))

 * In the Philippines, we usually use the Apostle's Creed during mass, and the Nicene Creed on certain special occasions. I've heard mass in some other churches in Asia and the Apostle's Creed is what is usually used. --Ronaldo Guevara 11:50, 9 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * CBS News and ABC News coverage explained it was the Nicene Creed recited, as opposed to the Apostle's Creed. --Gerald Farinas 04:57, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * The Nicene Creed is the normative creed used at Catholic Mass (Sundays, Solemnities, and other special occasions). The Apostles' Creed may only used for pastoral reasons.
 * Be that as it may in theory, many parishes, rightly or wrongly, use the Nicene Creed only occasionally. Carolynparrishfan 18:26, 16 August 2006 (UTC)

The Nicene Creed is always used at Anglican communion services. The Apostles Creed is used at Matins, etc Bill Tegner 07:43, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

Numbers Watching Funeral
It might have been "thought [by some] that billions watched the funeral", but I was in Australia at the time, and the viewing figures were a lot less than expected. Generally there was an air of media-hype. When the Pope died they were talking about the world's "one billion Catholics". Within two weeks that had become "1.4 billion practicing Catholics". Bill Tegner 07:49, 26 March 2007 (UTC)
 * I was in Canada at the time and I seem to remember the funeral was on every other channel, including CNN. There is not a shadow of a doubt that much more than 1.4 million people watched it. 66.130.156.84 05:43, 3 April 2007 (UTC)

Funeral of Winston Churchill

 * Pope John Paul's funeral brought together the single largest gathering of heads of state in history, surpassing the funeral of Winston Churchill.

Per Talk:Honours of Winston Churchill Majoreditor pointed out that there is no confirmation to that statement. Did you just copy from there, or might you give your own sources? FloK 11:56, 1 December 2007 (UTC)

corpse
I think that picture blaring right at the top of the article is offensive and unecessary! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.49.76.211 (talk) 05:52, 29 September 2008 (UTC)

move the page to Death and funeral of Pope John Paul II
The page Death and funeral of Pope John Paul II is currently redirecting to this page, but I propose of moving this page into Death and funeral of Pope John Paul II. Both topics are similar in nature (it deals with Death), and besides, it can enable editors to shorten the article John Paul II and move it here, as it is considered too long. There is article with similar title: Death and funeral of Richard Nixon. w.tanoto-soegiri (talk) 20:44, 30 January 2009 (UTC)

exhumed - makes no sense
"The body of Pope John Paul II was exhumed first in the Papal Residence and venerated by the Clergy before a procession, after which it was placed in St. Peter's Basilica; The Swiss Guard remained always beside the body while it was exhumed. "

Exhumed, in english,  means dug up from the grave. That meaning seems to make no sense here.Eregli bob (talk) 03:06, 23 August 2012 (UTC)

2 billion viewers?
The text states that 2 billion viewers watched the funeral of Pope John Paul II on TV. That's like in many cases of big events - the numbers of viewers are grossly exaggerated. I suppose that a very considerabloe number of Roman Catholics may have watched but the interest among the other Christian denominations and among other religions was very likely not as big. In addition, the funeral took place at 10:OO CET, that's 4:00 a.m. Eastern Time or 1:00 a.m. for Pacific Time when people could be expected mostly to be asleep, and for Europe it was during work hours when many people did not have time to watch. I think that "2 billion viewers" are unrealistic and exaggerated. Anyway, no source for this figure is given. --Maxl (talk) 21:56, 27 February 2014 (UTC)

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text: User talk:66.91.63.100

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:66.91.63.100


text:
Category:Tourist attractions in Wales

 * Visitor attractions in Wales.

title: Category:Tourist attractions in Wales


text:
User:Cjpanila

Hilway
"Hilway," Hiligaynon equivalent for the English word "free," is the name of a group of creative writers based in Iloilo, Western Visayas, Philippines.

Established in November 1998, Hilway was envisioned to be an organization that will discover and develop new Ilonggo literary talents.

Hilway was originally comprised of a small knit of campus writers in the West Visayas State University in Iloilo City led by Carlo June Panila, under the tutelage of award-winning Hiligaynon writer Alain Russ Dimzon.

Panila, who coined the name Hilway, was the group's founding president. Palanca winner Alice Gonzales became president in 2000.

When the original student-members left the academe and became professionals, Hilway expanded beyond the confines of the campus and tapped senior writers like Evee Huervana, Agnes Españo, Felino Garcia, and John Carlo Tiampong.

The group later became known as the "Hilway Writers Group."

Unlike the older Ilonggo literary group Sumakwelan, Hilway is collectively characterized by its uncoventional and experimental poetry.

However, like the other literary groups from Iloilo and the rest of Western Visayas, Hilway seeks to promote the welfare and the craft of Ilonggo writers by coming up with ways and means by which the group can access resources in support of its activities.

title: User:Cjpanila


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Grand Master

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was redirect. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 18:43, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Grand_Master
Delete as redundant and re-direct to Grandmaster -67.101.9.98 04:48, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Do we really need a vote on this? Why not just convert to a redirect page? Anyway, if we need to vote, my vote is redirect (and, if necessary, merge).—msh210 05:17, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Grandmaster. jni 06:11, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep this and Grandmaster, and make sure there are links between them. The different spellings do separate the two terms, so a merge is not really in order. Sjakkalle 06:56, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, valid disambiguation page. Putting all alternative meanings in a header would litter Grandmaster. Mgm|(talk) 09:00, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Grandmaster since people are very likely to confuse the two spellings. If that must then become a disambig, fine with me. Radiant_* 10:10, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Question: Could someone explain me what is the difference between the terms? "Grand Master" with capital M is always a title, "grandmaster" or "grand master" can be used either as a title (when capitalized) or as a noun for person who has high level of ability in something, is this correct? All dictionaries I checked group all meanings into one entry. jni 10:12, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It is a disambiguation page here, and different organizations use different spellings for this term. In chess "Grandmaster" is the normal term, but "Grand Master" is used at other places. I noticed that "Grandmaster" for chess is listed in this article, it is misplaced, it should be in the Grandmaster article. I think I'll move it away. Sjakkalle 13:28, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * There are some misplaced "Grand Master"s in the Grandmaster page as well. It is confusing. Sjakkalle 13:31, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * What the heck, trying to fix this confused me now. I change my vote, just merge them together. Sjakkalle 13:36, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * It's really not that confusing, as the top of the grandmaster disambiguation clearly says that "grandmaster and/or Grand Master could mean..." and the different spellings are clarly listed in each instance. Indeed, the difference in spelling is very minor (just a space) - and indeed, the contenets of grandmaster already contain everything that Grand Master has, and then some - it seems like a perfect merge to me. -66.108.104.78 18:25, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. This seems to be a valid disambiguation page.  No need to go anywhere, as Grand master and Grandmaster don't have the same definition in all cases.  --Randy 11:32, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Since Grand Master and Grandmaster were already largely redundant (and potentially confusing - the meaning may be clear to some, but not all as evidenced by this VfD), I've been bold and merged them together. Can we just close this VfD and redirect Grand Master to Grandmaster? Radiant_* 13:55, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and redirect. Seems obvious, really. -66.108.104.78 18:25, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment What's all the talk about "delete?" Just make it a redirect. Anyone could have done this without bringing it to VfD, by the way.
 * Redirect to Grandmaster. Radiant_* has already done the merge. I'm going to Be bold and do it now. If anyone has a big problem with this, well, you can revert it. Dpbsmith (talk) 01:35, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: User talk:67.127.220.150

title: User talk:67.127.220.150


text:
User:Pleasehelp

I'm currently FELT_MOUNTAIN on NSider.

title: User:Pleasehelp


text:
Category:Bridge engineers

Bridge engineers, including designers and builders.

title: Category:Bridge engineers


text:
File talk:Stress-strain1.png

Perhaps the (admittedly arbitrary) definition of plasticity could be included in this figure? I'll need to double-check, but I think it begins at the intersection with a line parallel to the elastic curve & displaced by 5%, but maybe that figure is 0.5%.--Polyparadigm 04:49, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)

I agree, it seems like plasticity should start later in the curve -- Bavetta

title: File talk:Stress-strain1.png


text:
User talk:Pleasehelp

hi

Wikipedia meetup
As someone who may live or work near Washington D.C., you may be interested - if you've not heard already - about the meetup scheduled for Saturday, May 17th, at Union Station. For details, please see Meetup/DC 4.

You are receiving this automated message because your userpage appears in Category:Wikipedians in Virginia. Melon ‑ Bot  ( STOP! )  18:13, 9 May 2008 (UTC)

D.C. Meetup, Saturday, June 6, 2009
The 7th DC Meetup dinner will be held this Saturday, June 6th, starting at 5 p.m. The event will be at Bertucci's, near George Washington University and the Foggy Bottom metro station. It will follow the Apps for Democracy open source event at GWU. For details or to RSVP if you haven't already, see Meetup/DC 7. (You have received this announcement because your user page indicates that you live in Maryland, Virginia, or DC.) Delivered by The  Helpful  Bot   at 20:12, 2 June 2009 (UTC) to report errors, please leave a note here.

D.C. Meetup, Saturday, September 26
The 8th DC Meetup dinner will be held this Saturday, September 26, starting at 6 p.m. The event will be at Burma Restaurant (740 6th St, NW near the Gallery Place-Chinatown Metro station). For details or to RSVP if you haven't already, see Meetup/DC 8. (You have received this announcement because your user page indicates that you live in Maryland, Virginia, or DC.) --EdwardsBot (talk) 07:04, 23 September 2009 (UTC)

Are you the Sockpuppet of 108.39.65.163?
Please reply. It seems suspicious. Qantasplanes (Talk with me) 08:02, 16 July 2011 (UTC)

The term sockpuppet implies I had a malicious intent. This is my actual username. Pleasehelp (talk) 08:05, 16 July 2011 (UTC)

Webinar / edit-a-thon at the National Library of Medicine (NLM)
Join us at the NLM next week, either in person or online, to learn about NLM resources, hear some great speakers, and do some editing!

On Tuesday, 28 May there will be a community Wikipedia meeting at the United States National Library of Medicine in Bethesda, Maryland - with a second on Thursday, 30 May for those who can't make it on Tuesday. You can participate either in-person, or via an online webinar. If you attend in person, USB sticks (but not external drives) are ok to use.

Please go to the event page to get more information, including a detailed program schedule.

If you are interested in participating, please register by sending an email to pmhmeet@gmail.com. Please indicate if you are coming in person or if you will be joining us via the webinar. After registering, you will receive additional information about how to get to our campus (if coming in-person) and details about how to join the webinar. Klortho (talk) 05:35, 25 May 2013 (UTC)

Have time on Saturday?
I'm sorry for the last-minute notice, but on Saturday, June 8, from 3 to 6 PM, Wikimedia DC and the Cato Institute are hosting a Legislative Data Meetup. We will discuss the work done so far by WikiProject U.S. Federal Government Legislative Data to put data from Congress onto Wikipedia, as well as what more needs to be done. If you have ideas you'd like to contribute, or if you're just curious and feel like meeting up with other Wikipedians, you are welcome to come! Be sure to RSVP here if you're interested.

I hope to see you there!

(You can unsubscribe from future notifications for D.C.-area events by removing your name from this list.)

Harej (talk) 03:57, 6 June 2013 (UTC)

DC meetup & dinner on Saturday, June 15!
Please join Wikimedia DC for a social meetup and dinner at Vapiano (near Farragut North/Farragut West) on Saturday, June 15 at 5:30 PM. All Wikipedia/Wikimedia and free knowledge/culture enthusiasts, regardless of editing experience, are welcome to attend! All ages welcome!

For more information and to sign up, please see the meetup page. Hope to see you there! Kirill [talk] 19:27, 10 June 2013 (UTC)

Join us this Sunday for the Great American Wiknic!
Boilerplate message generously borrowed from Wikimedia NYC. To unsubscribe from future DC area event notifications, remove your name from this list.

Harej (talk) 15:22, 19 June 2013 (UTC)

DC meetup & dinner on Saturday, July 13!
Please join Wikimedia DC for a social meetup and dinner at Vapiano (near Farragut North/Farragut West) on Saturday, July 13 at 6:00 PM. All Wikipedia/Wikimedia and free knowledge/culture enthusiasts, regardless of editing experience, are welcome to attend! All ages welcome!

For more information and to sign up, please see the meetup page. Hope to see you there! Kirill [talk] 00:02, 6 July 2013 (UTC)

DC meetup & dinner on Saturday, August 24!
Please join Wikimedia DC for a social meetup and dinner at Vapiano (near Farragut North/Farragut West) on Saturday, August 24 at 6:00 PM. All Wikipedia/Wikimedia and free knowledge/culture enthusiasts, regardless of editing experience, are welcome to attend! All ages welcome!

For more information and to sign up, please see the meetup page. Hope to see you there! Kirill [talk] 03:42, 8 August 2013 (UTC)

Are you free on Wednesday? Join us at the Wikimedia DC WikiSalon!
Wikimedia DC invites you to join us for our next DC WikiSalon, which will be held on the evening of Wednesday, August 24 at our K Street office.

The WikiSalon an informal gathering of Wikimedia enthusiasts, who come together to discuss the Wikimedia projects and collaboratively edit. There's no set agenda, and guests are welcome to recommend articles for the group to edit or edit on their own. Light refreshments will be provided.

We look forward to seeing you there! Kirill [talk] 11:18, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

Meet up with local Wikipedians on September 14!
Are you free on Saturday, September 14? If so, please join Wikimedia DC and local Wikipedians for a social meetup and dinner at Vapiano (near Farragut North/Farragut West) at 6:00 PM. All Wikipedia/Wikimedia and free knowledge/culture enthusiasts, regardless of editing experience, are welcome to attend! All ages are welcome!

For more information and to sign up, please visit the meetup page. Hope to see you there! Kirill [talk] 18:33, 25 August 2013 (UTC)

Are you free next Thursday? Join us at the Wikimedia DC WikiSalon!
Wikimedia DC invites you to join us for our next WikiSalon, which will be held from 7 to 9 PM on Thursday, September 5 at our K Street office.

The WikiSalon is an informal gathering of Wikimedia enthusiasts, who come together to discuss the Wikimedia projects and collaboratively edit. There's no set agenda, and guests are welcome to recommend articles for the group to edit or edit on their own. Light refreshments will be provided.

We look forward to seeing you there! Kirill [talk] 14:33, 28 August 2013 (UTC)

Are you free next Thursday? Join us at the Wikimedia DC WikiSalon!
Wikimedia DC invites you to join us for our next WikiSalon, which will be held from 7 to 9 PM on Thursday, September 26 at our K Street office.

The WikiSalon is an informal gathering of Wikimedia enthusiasts, who come together to discuss the Wikimedia projects and collaboratively edit. There's no set agenda, and guests are welcome to recommend articles for the group to edit or edit on their own. Light refreshments will be provided.

We look forward to seeing you there! Kirill [talk] 05:28, 17 September 2013 (UTC)

Are you free on Sunday? Join us for a special Wikimedia DC WikiSalon!
Wikimedia DC invites you to join us for a special WikiSalon at the Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library's Digital Commons Center. We will gather at 3 PM on Sunday, October 13, 2013 to discuss an important topic: what can Wikipedia and the DC area do to help each other? We hope to hear your thoughts and suggestions; if you have an idea you would like to pursue, please let us know and we will help!

Following the WikiSalon, we will be having dinner at a nearby restaurant, Ella's Wood Fired Pizza.

If you're interested in attending, please sign up at the event page. We look forward to seeing you there! Kirill [talk] 01:47, 8 October 2013 (UTC)

Meetups coming up in DC!
Hey!

You are invited to two upcoming events in DC:

 * Meetup at Capitol City Brewery on Saturday, January 25 at 6 PM. Please join us for dinner, drinks, socializing, and discussing Wikimedia DC activities and events. All are welcome! RSVP on the linked page or through Meetup.
 * Art and Feminism Edit-a-Thon on Saturday, February 1 from Noon – 5 PM. Join us as we improve articles on notable women in history! All are welcome, regardless of age or level of editing experience. RSVP on the linked page or through Meetup.

I hope to see you there!

(Note: If you do not wish to receive talk page messages for DC meetups, you are welcome to remove your username from this page.)

Harej (talk) 00:07, 16 January 2014 (UTC)

Coming up in February!
Hello there!

Our February WikiSalon is coming up on Sunday, February 23. Join us at our gathering of Wikipedia enthusiasts at the Kogod Courtyard of the National Portrait Gallery with an optional dinner after. As usual, all are welcome. Care to join us?

Also, if you are available, there is an American Art Edit-a-thon being held at the Smithsonian American Art Museum with Professor Andrew Lih's COMM-535 class at American University on Tuesday, February 11 from 2 to 5 PM. Please RSVP on the linked page if you are interested.

If you have any ideas or preferences for meetups, please let us know at Wikipedia talk:Meetup/DC.

Thank you, and hope to see you at our upcoming events! Harej (talk) 18:42, 4 February 2014 (UTC)

DC Meetups in March
 Happy March!

Though we have a massive snowstorm coming up, spring is just around the corner! Personally, I am looking forward to warmer weather.

Wikimedia DC is looking forward to a spring full of cool and exciting activities. In March, we have coming up:

 * Evening WikiSalon on Wednesday, March 12 from 7 PM – 9 PM. Meet up with Wikipedians for coffee at the Cove co-working space in Dupont Circle! If you cannot make it in the evening, join us at our...
 * March Meetup on Sunday, March 23 from 3 PM – 6 PM. Our monthly weekend meetup, same place as last month. Meet really cool and interesting people!
 * Women in the Arts 2014 meetup and edit-a-thon on Sunday, March 30 from 10 AM – 5 PM. Our second annual Women in the Arts edit-a-thon, held at the National Museum of Women in the Arts. Free lunch will be served!

We hope to see you at our upcoming events! If you have any questions, feel free to ask on my talk page.

— Harej (talk) 05:11, 3 March 2014 (UTC)

An exciting month of wiki events!
 Hello there,

I am pleased to say that April will be a very exciting month for Wikipedia in Washington, DC. We have a lot of different events coming up, so you will have a lot to choose from.

First, a reminder that our second annual Women in the Arts Edit-a-Thon will take place on Sunday, March 30 at the National Museum of Women in the Arts.

Coming up in April, we have our first-ever Open Government WikiHack with the Sunlight Foundation on April 5–6! We are working together to use open government data to improve the Wikimedia projects, and we would love your help. All are welcome, regardless of coding or editing experience. We will also be having a happy hour the day before, with refreshments courtesy of the Sunlight Foundation.

On Friday, April 11 we are having our first edit-a-thon ever with the Library of Congress. The Africa Collection Edit-a-Thon will focus on the Library's African and Middle East Reading Room. It'll be early in the morning, but it's especially worth it if you're interested in improving Wikipedia's coverage of African topics.

The following day, we are having our second annual Wiki Loves Capitol Hill training. We will discuss policy issues relevant to Wikimedia and plan for our day of outreach to Congressional staffers that will take place during the following week.

There are other meetups in the works, so be sure to check our meetup page with the latest. I hope to see you at some of these events!

All the best, James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 01:29, 26 March 2014 (UTC)

Two edit-a-thons coming up!

Hello there!

I'm pleased to tell you about two upcoming edit-a-thons:

 * This Tuesday, April 29, from 2:30 to 5:30 PM, we have the Freer and Sackler edit-a-thon. (Sorry for the short notice!)
 * On Saturday, May 10 we have the Wikipedia APA edit-a-thon, in partnership with the Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center, from 10 AM to 5 PM.

We have more stuff coming up in May and June, so make sure to keep a watch on the DC meetup page. As always, if you have any recommendations or requests, please leave a note on the talk page.

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 20:38, 25 April 2014 (UTC)

Meet up with us

Happy May!

There are a few meetups in DC this month, including an edit-a-thon later this month. Check it out:
 * On Thursday, May 15 come to our evening WikiSalon at the Cove co-working space in Dupont Circle. If you're available Thursday evening, feel free to join us!
 * Or if you prefer a Saturday night dinner gathering, we also have our May Meetup at Capitol City Brewing Company. (Beer! Non-beer things too!)
 * You are also invited to the Federal Register edit-a-thon at the National Archives later this month.

Come one, come all!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 20:20, 10 May 2014 (UTC)

Washington, DC meetups in June

Greetings!

Wikimedia DC has yet another busy month in June. Whether you're a newcomer to Wikipedia or have years of experience, we're happy to see you come. Here's what's coming up:

 * On Wednesday, June 11 from 7 to 9 PM come to the WikiSalon at the Cove co-working space. Hang out with Wikipedia enthusiasts!
 * Saturday, June 14 is the Frederick County History Edit-a-Thon from 11 AM to 4 PM. Help improve local history on Wikipedia.
 * The following Saturday, June 21, is the June Meetup. Dinner and drinks with Wikipedians!
 * Come on Tuesday, June 24 for the Wikipedia in Your Library edit-a-thon at GWU on local and LGBT history.
 * Last but not least, on Sunday, June 29 we have the Phillips Collection Edit-a-Thon in honor of the Made in America exhibit.

Wikipedia is better with friends, so why not come out to an event?

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 01:41, 31 May 2014 (UTC)

The Great American Wiknic and other events in July

I am pleased to announce our fourth annual picnic, the Great American Wiknic, will take place at Meridian Hill Park in Washington, D.C. on Sunday, July 13 from 1 to 5 PM (rain date: July 20). We will be hanging out by the statue of Dante Alighieri, a statue that was donated to the park in 1921 as a tribute to Italian Americans. Read more about the statue on Wikipedia. If you would like to sign up for the picnic, you can do so here. When signing up, say what you’re going to bring!

July will also feature the second annual Great American Wiknic in Frederick, Maryland. This year’s Frederick picnic will take place on Sunday, July 6 at Baker Park. Sign up here for the Frederick picnic.

What else is going on in July? We have the American Chemical Society Edit-a-Thon on Saturday, July 12, dedicated to notable chemists, and our monthly WikiSalon on Wednesday, July 16.

We hope to see you at our upcoming events!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 21:22, 30 June 2014 (UTC)

Battle of Fort Stevens Edit-a-Thon!

Greetings!

Sorry for the last minute update, but our friends at the DC Historical Society have scheduled a Battle of Fort Stevens Edit-a-Thon to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the Civil War battle fought in the District. The event will last from noon to 2 PM on Wednesday, July 30. Hope you can make it!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 21:16, 23 July 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia and YOUR History: Taking Control of the Internet
Come one and come all. To a presentation at the Laurel Historical Society about how you can help verify, validate, and edit the information that is on the front line of local history.
 * Show the Internet who is the better editor.
 * Be the creator of culture that you know you are.
 * Spread the knowledge of noteworthy people who no one but you cares about.
 * Lead the charge to a better Wikipedia --- eventually.

Geraldshields11 (talk) 02:08, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

Wikipedia and YOUR History: Taking Control of the Internet
See you at the Laurel Pool Room, 9th and Main Street, Laurel, MD on Thursday, September 11, 2014 at 7:00 PM EST. See http://www.meetup.com/Wikimedia-DC/events/205494212/ for more information. Geraldshields11 (talk) 02:13, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

Wikimedia DC invites revolutionaries, free thinkers, and other sundry editors to a DC WikiSalon
The WikiSalon is a special meetup usually held during the first and third full weeks of every month, from 7 PM to 9 PM. It's an informal gathering of Wikimedia enthusiasts, who come together to discuss Wikimedia wikis and collaboratively edit. There's no set agenda, and guests are welcome to recommend articles for the group to edit or edit on their own.

If you're coming by Metro, the closest station is Dupont Circle (on the Red Line). If you're driving, a lot of parking opens up downtown after 6:30 PM, so finding a parking space (even a free one) should be easy. Once you've found the building, go to Cove on the second floor. We will be in the conference room. When: Wednesday, September 17, 2014 at 7:00 PM to 9:00 PM

Where: The Cove, Dupont Circle, 1730 Connecticut Avenue NW, 2nd floor, 20009, DC

For more information, see http://www.meetup.com/Wikimedia-DC/events/205500822/

My best regards, Geraldshields11 (talk) 02:25, 6 September 2014 (UTC)

Wikimedia DC's Wonderful meetups
Wikimedia DC's Upcoming meetups My best regards, Geraldshields11 (talk) 22:50, 6 September 2014 (UTC)
 * Thursday, September 11: “Wikipedia and YOUR History: Taking Control of the Internet, One Article at a Time!”
 * A presentation at the Laurel Historical Society about how you can help verify, validate, and edit the information that is on the front line of local history. Laurel Pool Room, 9th and Main Street in Laurel, MD. 7 PM.
 * Wednesday, September 17: WikiSalon
 * Come for the pizza, stay for the conversation. 7 PM – 9 PM
 * Saturday, September 20: September Meetup
 * Get dinner and drinks with fellow Wikipedians! 6 PM
 * Sunday, September 21: Laurel History Edit-a-Thon
 * Local history for Wikipedia! 10:15 AM – 4 PM
 * Saturday, September 27 – Sunday, September 28: Please RSVP for the Open Government WikiHack at Eventbrite by clicking on the link. The National Archives and Records Administration and Wikimedia DC are teaming up to come up with solutions that help integrate government data into Wikipedia. 10:30 AM – 5 PM each day

The wonderful annual meeting! And more!

Hello, fellow Wikipedian!

I am excited to announce our upcoming Annual Meeting at the National Archives! We'll have free lunch, an introduction by Archivist of the United States David Ferriero, and a discussion featuring Ed Summers, the creator of CongressEdits. Join your fellow DC-area Wikipedians on Saturday, October 18 from 12 to 4:30 PM. RSVP today!

Also coming up we have the Human Origins edit-a-thon on October 17 and the WikiSalon on October 22. Hope to see you at our upcoming events!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 21:20, 5 October 2014 (UTC)

End-of-the-year meetups

Hello,

You're invited to the end-of-the-year meetup at Busboys and Poets on Sunday, December 14 at 6 PM. There is Wi-Fi, so bring your computer if you want!

You are also invited to our WikiSalon on Thursday, December 18 at 7 PM.

Hope to see you at our upcoming events!

Best,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 02:22, 8 December 2014 (UTC)

Museum hacks and museum edits
 Hello there!

Upcoming events:

 * February 6–8: The third annual ArtBytes Hackathon at the Walters Art Museum! This year Wikimedia DC is partnering with the Walters for a hack-a-thon at the intersection of art and technology, and I would like to see Wikimedia well represented.
 * February 11: The monthly WikiSalon, same place as usual. RSVP on Meetup or just show up!
 * February 15: Wiki Loves Small Museums in Ocean City. Mary Mark Ockerbloom, with support from Wikimedia DC, will be leading a workshop at the Small Museum Association Conference on how they can contribute to Wikipedia. Tons of representatives from GLAM institutions will be present, and we are looking for volunteers. If you would like to help out, check out "Information for Volunteers".

I am also pleased to announce events for Wikimedia DC Black History Month with Howard University and NPR. Details on those events soon.

If you have any questions or have any requests, please email me at james.hare@undefinedwikimediadc.org.

See you there! – James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 03:11, 2 February 2015 (UTC)

Wikimedia DC celebrates Black History Month, and more!
 Hello again!

Not even a week ago I sent out a message talking about upcoming events in DC. Guess what? There are more events coming up in February.

First, as a reminder, there is a WikiSalon on February 11 (RSVP here or just show up) and Wiki Loves Small Museums at the Small Museum Association Conference on February 15 (more information here).

Now, I am very pleased to announce:

 * Tuesday, February 17 from 10 AM to 3 PM there will be #WikiTurgy at the University of Maryland. Join fellow theatre enthusiasts for a “mass act of public dramaturgy!”
 * Thursday, February 19 from 10 AM to 4 PM we are hosting the Howard University Black History Edit-a-Thon. We are working in partnership with the Moorland-Spingarn Research Center to improve Wikipedia’s coverage of African-American and African diasporic history.
 * Tuesday, February 24 from 6 PM to 8 PM we have the Black History Month “First Edit” at NPR. Help improve Wikipedia and help others make their first edit to Wikipedia!
 * Finally, our monthly dinner meetup is on Saturday, February 28.

There is going to be a lot going on, and I hope you can come to some of the events!

If you have any questions or need any special accommodations, please let me know.

Regards,

James Hare

(To unsubscribe, remove your username here.) 18:20, 7 February 2015 (UTC)

Editing for Women's History in March
 Hello,

I am very excited to announce this month’s events, focused on Women’s History Month:

 * Sunday, March 8: Women in the Arts 2015 Edit-a-thon – 10 AM to 4 PM
 * Women in the Arts and ArtAndFeminism Wikipedia Edit-a-thon at the National Museum of Women in the Arts. Free coffee and lunch served!
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup
 * Wednesday, March 11: March WikiSalon – 7 PM to 9 PM
 * An evening gathering with free-flowing conversation and free pizza.
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup (or just show up!)
 * Friday, March 13: NIH Women's History Month Edit-a-Thon – 9 AM to 4 PM
 * In honor of Women’s History Month, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) is organizing and hosting an edit-a-thon to improve coverage of women in science in Wikipedia. Free coffee and lunch served!
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup
 * Saturday, March 21: Women in STEM Edit-a-Thon at DCPL – 12 PM
 * Celebrate Women's History Month by building, editing, and expanding articles about women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fields during DC Public Library's first full-day edit-a-thon.
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup
 * Friday, March 27: She Blinded Me with Science, Part III – 10 AM to 4 PM
 * Smithsonian Institution Archives Groundbreaking Women in Science Wikipedia Edit-a-thon. Free lunch courtesy of Wikimedia DC!
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup
 * Saturday, March 28: March Dinner Meetup – 6 PM
 * Dinner and drinks with your fellow Wikipedians!
 * More information • RSVP on Meetup

Hope you can make it to an event! If you have any questions or require any special accommodations, please let me know.

Thanks,

James Hare

To unsubscribe from this newsletter, remove your name from this list. 02:25, 2 March 2015 (UTC)

Upcoming attractions in DC
 Hello!

Here are some upcoming DC meetups in April and May:

 * Tuesday, April 14: National Archives Hackathon on Wikipedia Space with American University – 2:30-5pm
 * See the latest work on the Wikipedia Space exhibit in the new NARA Innovation Hub and brainstorm on new ideas for a public exhibit about Wikipedia
 * Friday, April 17: Women in Tech Edit-a-thon with Tech LadyMafia – 5-9pm
 * Team up with Tech LadyMafia to improve Wikipedia content on women in the history of technology.
 * Saturday, April 25: April Dinner Meetup – 6 PM
 * Dinner and drinks with your fellow Wikipedians!
 * Friday, May 1: International Labour Day Edit-a-Thon – 1:30 PM to 4:30 PM
 * An edit-a-thon at the University of Maryland

Hope to see you at these events! If you have any questions or require any special accommodations, please let me know.

Cheers,

James Hare To remove yourself from this mailing list, remove your name from this list. 22:18, 13 April 2015 (UTC)

February events and meetups in DC
Greetings from  Wikimedia DC !

February is shaping up to be a record-breaking month for us, with nine scheduled edit-a-thons and several other events:
 * On Friday, February 12, NPR will host a Black History Month First Edit event.
 * On Saturday, February 13 and Sunday, February 14, we're working with the Wiki Education Foundation to hold a series of four edit-a-thons at the AAAS 2016 Annual Meeting.
 * On Tuesday, February 16, we're holding the Smithsonian American Art Museum and American University WikiWorkshop with Professor Andrew Lih's class.
 * On Saturday, February 20, the Smithsonian American Art Museum will host the African American Artists Edit-a-Thon.
 * On Friday, February 26, Howard University will host its second annual Black History Month Edit-a-Thon.
 * On Saturday, February 27, we have three different events. In the morning, we're holding an Accessibility Edit-a-Thon at Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library.  In the afternoon, we'll host our second February WikiSalon at Cove Dupont Circle, followed by our monthly dinner meetup at Vapiano.

We hope to see you at one—or all—of these events!

Do you have an idea for a future event? Please write to us at [mailto:info@wikimediadc.org info@wikimediadc.org] !

Kirill Lokshin (talk) 16:41, 10 February 2016 (UTC)

''You're receiving this message because you signed up for updates about DC meetups. To unsubscribe, please remove your name from the list.''

March events and meetups in DC
Greetings from  Wikimedia DC !

Looking for something to do in DC in March? We have a series of great events planned for the month:
 * On Wednesday, March 9, we'll host our first March WikiSalon at Cove Dupont Circle.
 * On Friday, March 11, the National Archives will host the Women in the Civil War Edit-a-Thon.
 * On Saturday, March 19, the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian will host the Color History with the Smithsonian! event, and we'll hold our second Accessibility Edit-a-Thon at the Martin Luther King Jr. Memorial Library.
 * On Sunday, March 20, the American Chemical Society will host the Computers in Chemistry Edit-a-Thon.
 * On Saturday, March 26, we'll host our second March WikiSalon at Cove Dupont Circle, followed by our monthly dinner meetup at Vapiano.

Can't make it to an event? Most of our edit-a-thons allow virtual participation; see the guide for more details.

Do you have an idea for a future event? Please write to us at [mailto:info@wikimediadc.org info@wikimediadc.org] !

Kirill Lokshin (talk) 16:30, 6 March 2016 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Pleasehelp


text:
Talk:Nairobi

Climate
Climate TOCOMAR (talk) 09:20, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

Nairobi is warm and temperate with sunniest months being December to March TOCOMAR (talk) 09:22, 6 November 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 20:38, 25 May 2023 (UTC)
 * Museam hill interchange.jpg

title: Talk:Nairobi


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/FactBites

This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this  page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was no consensus. Tony Sidaway|Talk 21:13, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

FactBites
"founded in 2005". RickK 04:50, Apr 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Crush. —Wahoofive | Talk 05:16, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Looks like an ad. No third party references. Zzyzx11 | Talk 05:21, 11 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Leave. I'm the guy who just posted this article, and I'm very willing to change whatever seems wrong about it if I can get some specific feedback. I thought I'd modelled it pretty closely on Wikipedia articles on other search engines of a similar size or level of interest - see Gigablast, Dogpile, Wisenut, Hotbot, snap, teoma, Kartoo, and Webcrawler, for example.  I can't quite see what this article does differently to those.  Please explain so I can change it! 13 Apr 2005
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Bloom (store)

Bloom was a chain of mid-grade American grocery stores operated by Food Lion established in 2004. The parent company of Food Lion, The Delhaize Group, announced in January 2012 that it was discontinuing the Bloom brand. Bloom's headquarters were in Salisbury, North Carolina.

History
In 2002, after realizing that customers' needs, expectations, and behaviors were changing and becoming more diverse, Food Lion created a cross-functional "concept" team whose mission was to examine customer and retail trends, identify opportunities for growth, and develop retail concepts to capture those opportunities. Soon after came the idea of Bloom.

Bloom (then called Bloom, A Food Lion Market) was first test marketed in Charlotte, North Carolina, through five test stores, the first of which opened on May 26, 2004. The concept was based on the idea of using a slightly unconventional layout to maximize shopper convenience. This layout included a TableTop section at the entrance to the store (where the shopper can purchase ready-to-eat foods), wider aisles, and convenient groupings of foods. In most locations, customers could buy milk at the front of the store. This eliminated the need to walk to the back, where milk is normally located.

One of the ways Bloom tried to differentiate itself from competition was through the addition of consumer-friendly technology. Self-checkout stands, PAT (Personal Assistant Technology) the revolutionary touch screen computer that used a wireless in-store network, and produce scales with printers that let customers create bar-coded tags were placed in most stores to maximize customer convenience.

In March 2011, Delhaize America and its Bloom banner announced that it would convert 15 of its stores in the Charlotte, North Carolina, and Greenville, South Carolina, markets into Food Lion stores. In some areas, this resulted in two Food Lions being within a mile of each other.

In January 2012 Delhaize announced that, as part of a restructuring of its US operations, the Bloom banner would be retired and the remaining stores either converted to Food Lion or closed.

Slogans

 * "Thought for Food."
 * "A Food Lion Market."
 * "A Different Kind of Grocery Store."

title: Bloom (store)


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User:Dan Knoop

My name is Dan Knoop, and I'm currently a Senior At Spooner High School. I love Wikipedia.com. I am 5'11" 1/2, and wish I were 6'. I like to study history, geography, and other cool things. My friend says that I "like to blow stuff up" and that "We consider him the local explosions expert. He is also the master of all things with blades, including Samurai Swords", though these things aren't true.

The closest thing I can think of is that I once cut right through a Dairy Queen cake that was frozen solid with a cleaver. Nobody else could do it, and I completely schooled it.

title: User:Dan Knoop


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Chemin de fer Arnaud

The Chemin de fer Arnaud, now Chemin de fer Arnaud Quebec (formerly ARND and CFA) (in English, the Arnaud Railway) is a private Canadian short line railway owned by Société ferroviaire et portuaire de Pointe-Noire (SFPPN) operating in the province of Quebec.

Opened in 1965 by the Wabush Mining Company, which mines iron ore in Wabush, NL, the railway operates a line running around Sept-Îles Harbour from Arnaud Junction, on the Quebec North Shore and Labrador Railway to ship loading facilities at Pointe-Noire.

The ore is transported from the mine to a connection with QNSL at Wabush, NL by Arnaud's sister railway, the Wabush Lake Railway. QNSL transports the ore between Wabush, NL and Arnaud Jct., QC. At Arnaud Jct., the ore is transferred to Chemin de fer Arnaud for the final journey to Pointe-Noire, Quebec.

In 2011, Genesee & Wyoming began control of Northern operations on behalf of the owners under the name Western Labrador Rail Services. The new operation encompasses the Bloom Lake Railway and Wabush Lake Railway only. Arnaud Railway (Pointe-Noire operations) is operated by Société ferroviaire et portuaire de Pointe-Noire (SFPPN).

Currently, this railway (along with the TSH line, QNSX, and WABL) form an isolated railroad network, as it does not directly interchange with any other rail lines on the North American network at this time, aside from rail ferry service via COGEMA to the CN Rail port at Matane, Quebec.

title: Chemin de fer Arnaud


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List of tallest buildings in Montreal

This is a list of the tallest buildings in Montreal, ranking skyscrapers in the city of Montreal, Quebec, Canada, by height.

There are currently 67 buildings and structures in Montreal greater than 100 m (328 ft). The tallest building by roof height in the city is the 51-storey, 205 m, 1000 de La Gauchetière. However, for international comparisons, spires are included as per the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat's most widely used height definition for building height and thus the tallest building according to this definition is the 1250 René-Lévesque at 226.5m (199m without its spire).

Municipal regulations forbid any building from exceeding the smallest of the following two conditions: the height of Mount Royal, or 232,5 m (764 ft) above mean sea level or 200m of building height. Above-ground height is further limited in most areas and a minority of the downtown land plots are allowed to contain buildings exceeding 120 metres in height. The maximum limit of 232.5m above mean sea level or height of the Mont Royal is currently attained by 1000 de La Gauchetière (205m) and 1250 René-Lévesque (199m without its decorative spire), the latter of which is shorter, but built on higher ground. The 1000 de La Gauchetière was built before the 1992 municipal ruling on maximum building height.

The history of skyscrapers in Montreal began with the completion of the eight-storey-tall New York Life Insurance Building in 1888. Most high-rise construction in Montreal occurred in two periods: the late 1920s to the early 1930s and then from the early 1960s to the early 1990s.

In the 21st century, the rate of high-rise construction in the city increased again with more under construction in 2014 than in any other North American city bar Toronto and New York City.

Tallest buildings
This list ranks buildings in Montreal that stand at least 100 m (328 ft) tall, based on CTBUH height measurement standards. This includes spires and architectural details but does not include antenna masts. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings. Freestanding observation and/or telecommunication towers, while not habitable buildings, are included for comparison purposes; however, they are not ranked. One such tower is the Tour de Montréal.

Under construction
The following is a list of buildings that are under construction in Montreal and are planned to rise at least 100 m. Currently more than one building under construction is claiming the title of the tallest residential building in Montreal, all of which should not exceed the maximum limit of 200m of height as per municipal regulations.

Timeline of tallest buildings
This lists buildings that once held the title of tallest building in Montreal.

title: List of tallest buildings in Montreal


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William Scrope, 1st Earl of Wiltshire

William le Scrope, Earl of Wiltshire, King of Mann (c. 1350 – 29 July 1399) was a close supporter of King Richard II of England. He was a second son of Richard le Scrope, 1st Baron Scrope of Bolton.

Life
He was a soldier-adventurer in Lithuania, Italy and France, where he served with John of Gaunt. Gaunt made him seneschal of Aquitaine in 1383. He was made vice-chamberlain of the household of King Richard II in 1393 and granted the castle and manor of Marlborough in Wiltshire. In the same year his father purchased for him the Isle of Man from the earl of Salisbury, giving him the nominal title Dominus de Man or King of Mann. In 1394 he became a Knight of the Garter.

He was created Earl of Wiltshire in 1397 and became Lord High Treasurer in 1398. He became effective head of the government in Richard's absence. He benefitted from the confiscated estates of Thomas de Beauchamp, 12th Earl of Warwick, who was kept for a time under his care in the Isle of Man, and of John of Gaunt; he also accumulated control of a number of strategic castles. He was left 2,000 marks in King Richard's will in April 1399.

He had been closely involved in Richard's second marriage to the 6-year-old Isabella of Valois in 1396 and was made Isabella's guardian at Wallingford Castle, of which he was castellan, when the King went to Ireland in 1399.

Together with Sir John Bussy, Sir William Bagot and Sir Henry Green he had been made responsible for assisting Edmund of Langley, Duke of York in the defence of the realm during Richard's absence, when the exiled Henry Bolingbroke, Duke of Hereford seized his chance to invade. Scrope was captured with Bussy and Green when Bristol Castle surrendered to Henry on 28 July 1399. He was executed without trial at Bristol Castle, together with Bussy and Green, and his head carried to London in a white basket to be displayed on London Bridge. After Hereford's ascendance to the throne as Henry IV, Parliament confirmed the sentence and determined that all his estates and title were to be forfeit to the crown.

Family
He married, in 1396, Isabel Russell (d. 1437), 2nd. daughter of Sir Maurice Russell (1356–1416) of Dyrham, Glos. and Kingston Russell, Dorset.

Earldom
An attempt was made by Simon Thomas Scrope to reclaim the Earldom by a collateral descendant, over 500 years later. Although he was proven to be the senior heir male general, the claim failed on other grounds.

In 1869, the Committee for Privileges of the House of Lords, after a series of hearings beginning in 1862 under the title of Wiltes Claim of Peerage 4 HL 126, rejected the claim of Simon Thomas Scrope, of Danby, to the Earldom of Wiltes (Wiltshire) granted to William le Scrope, above. It was proved that Simon Thomas Scrope was the senior heir male of the Earl of Wiltes, but the Committee for Privileges decided that as a matter of law an English peerage could not descend to heirs male general who were not directly descended from the original grantee; they also rejected arguments based on the irregularity of the original sentence by Henry IV before he had become King. The Committee declined to follow its own earlier decision in the Devon Peerage Claim (1831) 5 English Reports 293, in which a grant to "heirs male" had been allowed to pass to heirs male collateral.

title: William Scrope, 1st Earl of Wiltshire


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Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost

Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost is a fictional character that appeared in titles published by Harvey Comics. Spooky first appeared in Casper the Friendly Ghost #10 (June 1953). He is Casper's cousin, although their exact relation is never specified. He generally resembles Casper except he has freckles, a derby hat, and a large, black nose.

Overview
Spooky is written with a Brooklyn accent, for example calling his girlfriend and fellow ghost Pearl, "Poil". His iconic derby hat is, therefore, a "doiby". Although he shares traits with The Ghostly Trio as far as loving to scare the living and being somewhat of a tough guy, he is not as cruel to his cousin as the Trio is, though he occasionally makes fun of Casper for being friendly, and Spooky has his moments of goodwill.

Pearl, who fell in love with Spooky when he rescued her from captivity by abusive witches who were enslaving her in her own house in one comic-book issue, is always trying to stop him from scaring, by reprimanding him, keeping an eagle-eye on him, staying with him all day, threatening to break up with him, or dating other ghost-guys. Whenever she does, she always ends up finding fault with her new date and thinking Spooky is better by comparison, so she returns to him. Spooky is always finding ways to keep his scaring secret from Pearl, sometimes by making it appear that someone else did it.

After several appearances in Casper the Friendly Ghost, Spooky moved to several spin-off titles, including Spooky Spooktown (1961–1976), Spooky Haunted House (1972-1975) and Tuff Ghosts Starring Spooky (1962–1972). The original ran until #161 in September 1980.

In other media
Spooky made four theatrical films with Casper, Hide & Shriek (1954), Hooky Spooky (1957), Which Is Witch (1958), and Doing What's Fright (1959).

Spooky is part of the 1963 animated television series The New Casper Cartoon Show, which ran from 1963 to 1969.

In 1996, after the success of the 1995 Casper feature film, a new animated show, The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper, premiered on Fox Kids, with Spooky as one of the regular characters, voiced by Rob Paulsen. In the 2000 animated film Casper's Haunted Christmas, Spooky's voice was provided by Samuel Vincent.

Spooky made an appearance in "Scare Bud", a fourth season episode of Harvey Girls Forever!, voiced by Jordan Fry.

title: Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost


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Marie Tempest

Dame Mary Susan Etherington, (15 July 1864 – 15 October 1942), known professionally as Marie Tempest, was an English singer and actress.

Tempest became a famous soprano in late Victorian light opera and Edwardian musical comedies. Later, she became a leading comic actress and toured widely in North America and elsewhere. She was, at times, her own theatre manager during a career spanning 55 years. She was also instrumental in the founding of the actors' union Equity in Britain.

Life and career
Tempest was born in London. Her parents were Edwin Etherington (1838–1880), a stationer, and his wife, Sarah Mary (née Castle). She had a sister, Florence Etherington, who married the theatre manager Michael Levenston. Tempest was educated at Midhurst School and an Ursuline convent in Tildonk, Belgium. Later, she studied music in Paris and at the Royal Academy of Music in London, as a singing pupil of Manuel García, the tutor of Jenny Lind, Mathilde Marchesi and Charles Santley, among others. She adopted as her stage name part of the name of Lady Susan Vane-Tempest, whom she referred to as her godmother.

Tempest married Alfred Edward Izard, a professor at the Academy, in 1885. That marriage ended in divorce four years later, and Izard was awarded damages in the divorce settlement. She had a son named Norman in 1888, who would later be referred to in the press as "Norman Lennox", taking part of the surname of Tempest's second husband, Cosmo Gordon-Lennox, whom she married a decade later.

Early career
Tempest debuted in 1885 as Fiametta in Franz Suppé's operetta Boccaccio at the Comedy Theatre in London, where she also took the title role in Erminie by Edward Jakobowski. She starred steadily in London for the next two years in light operas by Hervé and André Messager, among others. She became internationally famous for her performance in the title role in Dorothy by Alfred Cellier and B. C. Stephenson (1887), which ran for a record-setting 931 performances (becoming a hit after Tempest took over the title role from Marion Hood). Richard D'Oyly Carte considered engaging her for his opera company but W. S. Gilbert (after seeing her in Dorothy) reported that she "screeched", and the proposal was dropped.

In 1889 Tempest was a replacement player in the title role of Cellier and Stephenson's Doris, brought in to save the flagging show. The next year, in 1890, she created the role of Kitty Carol in The Red Hussar in London and then in New York. She then toured the United States and Canada for a year with the J. C. Duff Comic Opera Company in operas including Carmen, Manon, Mignon, The Bohemian Girl and The Pirates of Penzance. She returned to Broadway for the next three years in numerous productions including The Tyrolean, The Fencing Master by Reginald De Koven and Harry B. Smith, and The Algerian. During this period she was considered one of the few rivals of Lillian Russell. An American critic wrote in 1894, "Miss Tempest combines a voice of extraordinary pitch and sweetness with the dramatic fervor of an emotional actress to a greater degree probably than any other prima donna now upon the English speaking stage".

In 1895 George Edwardes brought her back to London to star in his Daly's Theatre productions, beginning with Adele in An Artist's Model, which ran for more than 400 performances. This was followed by title roles in the even more successful The Geisha (1896), which ran for 760 performances, A Greek Slave (1898) and another international hit, San Toy (1899). Tempest could be a difficult star, and her arguments with Edwardes and some of her colleagues were well known. She later said, "I was a self-important little baggage, who was more disliked than liked by managers in those days". She felt that Edwardes was too strict and finally left San Toy in 1900, reportedly over a quarrel about her costume.

1899 through World War I years
In 1898 Tempest married again, to the actor-playwright Cosmo Gordon-Lennox (known professionally as Cosmo Stuart), the son of Lord Alexander Gordon-Lennox. On his advice, Tempest forsook operettas for straight comedy. In 1900 she created the role of Nell Gwynne in Anthony Hope's English Nell (based on Simon Dale) at the Prince of Wales's Theatre in London, followed at the same theatre in 1901 by the title roles in Peg Woffington by Charles Reade, and Becky Sharp, an adaptation of Vanity Fair, by Robert Hichens and her husband. The same year, she played Polly Eccles in T. W. Robertson's Caste, followed in 1902 by the title role in The Marriage of Kitty, also written by her husband. These established her as a leading comedy actress, particularly when playing the type of vivacious lady in drawing room comedies that Time called "a Marie Tempest part... a sprightly, well-bred matron, with a feline manner and a sharp tongue but a heart of gold." Max Beerbohm described her as "one of the very few English actresses equipped for emotion".

After many more such roles at the Duke of York's Theatre and the Comedy Theatre, Tempest toured in America in 1904, reprising her role in The Marriage of Kitty and in the title role of The Freedom of Suzanne. She appeared in London in 1907 in The Truth at the Comedy Theatre, written and directed by and starring Dion Boucicault, though "it is the acting of Miss Tempest that people will go to see," said The Observer, "and they will not be disappointed". She also starred in Alfred Sutro's The Barrier in 1907. In 1908 Somerset Maugham's Mrs. Dot provided her with arguably her finest role, followed by parts in All-of-a-Sudden Peggy and Penelope. She returned to America in 1909 for a two-year tour, and appearing in such plays as Caste and Vanity Fair.

Returning to England in 1911, Tempest joined a star-studded cast for Herbert Beerbohm Tree's production of The Critic by Richard Brinsley Sheridan, also starring Arthur Bourchier, C. Hayden Coffin, Lily Elsie, George Grossmith, Jr., Charles Hawtrey, Cyril Maude, Gerald Du Maurier, Gertie Millar, Edmund Payne, Courtice Pounds, Violet Vanbrugh and Arthur Williams, among others. She then began to manage the theatres in which she starred. She leased The Duke of York's Theatre and produced a revival of The Marriage of Kitty. She starred in her own productions in London theatres for the next few years. This followed in 1913 by the revival of London Assurance, given in aid of the King George's Actors Pension Fund. She spent eight years, beginning in 1914, touring in America, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, Singapore, China, Japan and the Philippines. One of her parts, in 1915, was the title role in J. M. Barrie's Rosalind. Barrie admired Tempest's ability to both laugh and cry, writing, "such a masterpiece at letting these two melt one into the other, not only upon her own face, but on the faces of all those in front".

Later years and death
Tempest finally returned to England via America in 1922, reviving The Marriage of Kitty. Her second husband had died in 1921, and she married again that same year, this time in Sydney to the actor William Graham Browne, who had accompanied her throughout her tour, and who regularly partnered her onstage in her subsequent West End appearances. By the 1920s, Tempest had outgrown her troublesome temperament and moved into playing charming and elegant middle-aged women. In 1924 she took a singing part again in Clifford Bax's Midsummer Madness at the Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith. She created the role of Judith Bliss in Noël Coward's Hay Fever (1925), in which she was followed in later revivals by leading actresses from Edith Evans to Judi Dench. Her popularity continued in such shows as Passing Brompton Road by Jevan Brandon-Thomas and The Cat's Cradle by Aimee and Philip Stuart. She also had one more singing role in 1927 in The Marquise, written for her by Coward. ("It is a dried and brittle little piece, but it frames the great actress adequately".) She then starred as Olivia in Mr. Pim Passes By by A. A. Milne (1928), The First Mrs Fraser by St. John Ervine (1929, giving 632 performances at the Haymarket Theatre), and Fanny Cavendish in Theatre Royal (1934).

In later years, Tempest became active in working for the good of the members of her profession. In 1934, she was instrumental in the founding of the actors' union Equity, when she hosted a dinner at the Savoy Hotel for 85 leading entertainers. On 28 May 1935, Tempest's golden jubilee was celebrated with a benefit performance at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane attended by King George V and Queen Mary. The programme has tributes from, among others, J. M. Barrie, Noël Coward, Edward German and Somerset Maugham. Tempest appeared in one act each from The Marriage of Kitty and Little Catherine, two of her most popular roles. The proceeds of £5,000 from the event were donated to St George's Hospital for use by members of the theatrical profession.

Coward wrote to Hector Bolitho, her biographer: "she wastes no time on personal inhibitions or inferiority complexes. In fact, she takes off her coat and gets down to the job of the moment with less shi-shi than any actress I have ever met.... Despite the fact that for fifty years she has performed a multitude of plays to multitudes of people, she has always contrived to remain the mistress of her tradition rather than allow any tradition to become the mistress of her."

She was created a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in 1937, the year in which her third husband, Graham Browne, died. The next year, she created the role of Dora Randolph in Dodie Smith's play Dear Octopus. She continued to act after this, though with less frequency. She toured Great Britain in The First Mrs. Fraser with A. E. Matthews and Barry Morse in 1941, a year before her death. That same year, Tempest's home was bombed in London during the Blitz, and she lost most of her possessions. She remarked, "Hitler has taken nearly everything from me but my life, but you can't live on regret".

Tempest died in London in 1942, at the age of 78, and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium. A blue plaque was placed at the site of her home at 24 Park Crescent in London.

Filmography

 * 1900 – San Toy in San Toy
 * 1915 – Mrs. Plum in Mrs. Plum's Pudding
 * 1937 – Baroness Lindenborg in Moonlight Sonata
 * 1938 – Jennifer Varwell in Yellow Sands

title: Marie Tempest


text:
Hot Stuff the Little Devil

Hot Stuff the Little Devil is a comic book character created by Warren Kremer who first appeared in Hot Stuff #1 (October 1957), published by Harvey Comics. Imbued with a mischievous personality and able to produce fire, Hot Stuff appears as a red child devil who wears a diaper (said to be made of asbestos) and carries a magical sentient pitchfork (referred to as his "trusty trident"), which is a character in its own right. Much to the consternation of his demonic brethren, Hot Stuff sometimes performs good deeds to irritate them.

Publication history
Created and first drawn by Warren Kremer, Hot Stuff has appeared in at least eight comic book titles including: The character also appeared in multiple back-up stories between the periods 1957-1982 and 1986-1991, along with sporadic appearances in other publications during the 1990s and 2000s. The most recent appearance of Hot Stuff was in 2009 with Casper the Friendly Ghost and Wendy the Good Little Witch, when a three-issue comic book miniseries was published by Arden Entertainment called Casper and the Spectrals.
 * Hot Stuff Sizzlers (1960)
 * Devil Kids Starring Hot Stuff (1962)
 * Hot Stuff Creepy Caves (1974)

Warren Kremer and Howard Post were the artists who helped define the look of Hot Stuff, drawing many comic book covers and stories over the years. Ernie Colón was another major comics artist who drew Hot Stuff.

While Harvey Comics flagship characters Casper the Friendly Ghost, Spooky and Wendy the Good Little Witch often crossed over into each other's stories, Hot Stuff rarely appeared with them. Instead, the little devil would be featured with characters like Stumbo the Giant (created by Warren Kremer and Larz Bourne, and appeared in back-up stories in Hot Stuff comics in 1957), Katnip the cat, Herman the mouse and good fairy Princess Charma. While they often tended to annoy or anger Hot Stuff, their appearances served to further develop Hot Stuff's character.

Comic book series

 * Hot Stuff the Little Devil
 * Devil Kids Starring Hot Stuff
 * Hot Stuff Creepy Caves
 * Hot Stuff Sizzlers
 * Hot Stuff Digest
 * Harvey Wiseguys
 * Astro Comics
 * Casper And...
 * Hot Stuff the Little Devil, Vol. 2
 * Casper and his Friends Magazine (Marvel Comics)
 * Casper and the Spectrals (Arden Entertainment)
 * Hot Stuff the Little Devil Halloween Special (Dark House Comics)
 * Harvey Comics Treasury (Dark House comics)
 * Harvey Hits (Joe Books)
 * Casper the Friendly Ghost (American Mythology Productions)

Recurring characters
Aunt Clinker, Hot Stuff's aunt and primary guardian, who resembles a witch but is a devil. She can be temperamental and controlling of Hot Stuff one minute and loving and kind toward him the next.

Princess Charma, Hot Stuff's girlfriend and primary companion, a blonde, winged, angelic "fairy godmother" who is as kind and delicate as Hot Stuff is vicious and forcedul, and tries to cool down his hot temper or to get him out of trouble by waving her magic wand.

Grandpa Blaze, Hot Stuff's grandfather, who is often temperamental and is known to use cusswords in his speech, but is ultimately friendly toward his grandson.

Legacy and influence
Hot Stuff the Little Devil is the unofficial emblem for the 108th Field Battery-Royal Australian Artillery and the 407 Long Range Patrol Squadron of the Canadian Forces. He is the mascot for Dysart High School located in El Mirage, Arizona, Eagle Valley High School in Gypsum, Colorado, and Lindhurst High School in Olivehurst, California, and a blue version of Hot Stuff is the logo for Fort Morgan Middle School in Fort Morgan, Colorado. He was the mascot of Joey Harrison's Surf Club in Seaside Heights, New Jersey, and was also the inspiration for the logo of the Chicago based street gang Satan Disciples. Additionally, he is the mascot for the Austin-based restaurant Torchy's Tacos.

Hot Stuff makes a cameo in a 2014 episode of The Simpsons titled "Treehouse of Horror XXV", in which he was put in "Super Hell" for how "lame" his comics are.

Hot Stuff made an appearance in an episode of Harvey Girls Forever!, based on Harvey Comics characters, as a hot sauce mascot.

Film
As of 2014, DreamWorks Animation was developing a live-action/CGI film based on the character with Lizzie and Wendy Molyneux set to write it. It was to be the second attempt for a DreamWorks Animation film to use live-action and computer-animation and the second DreamWorks animated film to feature characters from the Classic Media library; the first was Mr. Peabody & Sherman.

title: Hot Stuff the Little Devil


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Marron

Marron is a name given to two closely related species of crayfish in Western Australia. Formerly considered a single species, it is now recognised as comprising two species, the critically endangered Cherax tenuimanus, and the species that is outcompeting it, C. cainii.

Marron are considered a luxury product and are the subject of a developing aquaculture industry in Western Australia and other Australian states. Total Australian production of farmed marron was 30 tons in 1996. In Western Australia, recreational fishing for marron is tightly controlled, with a limited season, permits are required, and minimum sizes are enforced.

Marron have been introduced to Kangaroo Island in South Australia, where they have been commercially farmed, and have established feral populations in local waterways.

title: Marron