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Guildhall Art Gallery

The Guildhall Art Gallery houses the art collection of the City of London, England. The museum is located in the Moorgate area of the City of London. It is a stone building in a semi-Gothic style intended to be sympathetic to the historic Guildhall, which is adjacent and to which it is connected internally.

History
The City of London Corporation had commissioned and collected portraits since 1670, originally to hang in the Guildhall. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Corporation's art collections grew through gifts and bequests to include history paintings and other genres of art.

The first purpose-built gallery for displaying the collection was completed in 1885. This building was destroyed in The Blitz in 1941, resulting in the loss of 164 paintings, drawings, watercolours, and prints, and 20 sculptures. It was not until 1985 that the City of London Corporation decided to redevelop the site and build a new gallery. The building was designed in a postmodern style by the British architect Richard Gilbert Scott. The new facility, which was intended to house a collection of about 4,000 items, was completed in 1999.

The centrepiece of the collection, John Singleton Copley's huge painting depicting The Defeat of the Floating Batteries at Gibraltar, was placed in a prominent position in the entrance hall of the gallery.

Vivien Knight was head of the Gallery, from 1983 until her death in 2009.

Amphitheatre

The Guildhall complex was built on the site of London's Roman amphitheatre, and some of the remains of this are displayed in situ in a room in the basement of the art gallery.

title: Guildhall Art Gallery


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Rosario Robles

María del Rosario Robles Berlanga (born 17 February 1956) is a Mexican politician who served as the Secretary of Social Development in the cabinet of Enrique Peña Nieto. She also was substitute Head of Government of the Federal District (Mayor of Mexico City) when Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas resigned from the post to run for the Mexican presidential election in 2000. She was the first female Mayor of Mexico City.

Career
Her term in office was highly controversial for an intensive media campaign in her government promoting her personal image, the high cost of which raised corruption concerns, and for introducing her political allies to entrepreneur Carlos Ahumada, who videotaped himself giving large cash quantities to the former politician Rene Bejarano. The scandals caused a major crisis for her party, the Partido de la Revolución Democrática (PRD). As a result, she subsequently resigned from the party. Carlos Ahumada was imprisoned, and Rene Bejarano is still free and active in politics via his wife Dolores Padierna.

Her successor as chief executive of the Federal District was Andrés Manuel López Obrador, of the same party who left after inconformity with the path the party was taking, and went into forming the MORENA party.

In 2005 she announced her intentions to run for the same office, although it is unclear under which party she would run, as her political image was affected by the videoscandals of that year. In the event, the election passed by without her participation.

In 2014 she announced that social help of the "Oportunidades" social program of SEDESOL will not be increased for mothers with more than three children, she said that the mothers have children to get more money from the program. This was criticized by left-wing parties.

Rosario Robles is currently involved in one of the biggest racketeering scandals: (Master scam). The master scam is the name of a journalistic investigation conducted by the Mexican Animal Politico news service in association with the Mexican civil society organization Against Corruption and Impunity. Published on 5 September 2017, the investigation unveiled a system of 128 ghost companies through which the Mexican Federal Government diverted more than 400 million dollars through a network of money diversions that involved 11 state agencies, eight public universities, various private companies and more than 50 public servants of different levels of government.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Rosario Robles


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Talk:New Christian

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Yilongmo.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 05:11, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Requested move

 * the reasons for move copied from WP:RM
 * Support - The (proposed) New Christian (Jewish) and New Christian (Swedenborgian) are "equal" ambiguities: neither use of the term "New Christian" is particularly dominant, yet each use is quite distinct. Mac 04:00, 2005 Apr 7 (UTC)
 * Oppose now that New Christian (Swedenborgian) was moved to Swedenborgianism. violet/riga (t) 20:03, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Discussion

 * After the move, the New Christian entry ought to be a disambiguation page pointing to both New Christian (Jewish) and New Christian (Swedenborgian).

Decision
It was requested that this article be renamed but there was no consensus for it to be moved. New Christian (Swedenborgian) was moved to Swedenborgianism and the disambiguation is therefore no longer necessary. violet/riga (t) 20:03, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Merge from Marrano
I suggest Marrano to be merged into this articles since, first, they have the same subject, and second, for being a better name as New Christian [...] were also insulted as marranos and also according to my portuguese language dictionary marrano refered to either actual Jews or Moors not to converted Jews. Nabla 15:33:00, 2005-08-10 (UTC)

 * The other article is far more complete. Jayjg (talk) 19:17, 10 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Against. DRAE says: adj. despect. Se decía del converso que judaizaba ocultamente. U. t. c. s.; no Moriscos in Spanish. Besides, New Christians are obviously Christians, so unconverted Jews or Muslims are not included.	+
 * cristiano nuevo 1. m. y f. Persona que se convierte a la religión cristiana y se bautiza siendo adulto. For the RAE, there is no mention of Jews or Muslims. However for cristiano viejo: m. y f. Descendiente de cristianos, sin mezcla conocida de moro, judío o gentil.	+
 * Since "Marrano" is lifted from the Jewish Encyclopedia, I gather that in spite of the insulting intention, its usage is accepted in a historic context.	+
 * --Error 19:35, 10 August 2005 (UTC)

 * OK, the insult argument became void. And apparentelly the word is used differently in Spain and in Portugal, at least it is refered differently in our dicionaries... Anyway this is reason enough for me to remove the merge tags.
 * I think this may be relevant to the marrano article so I'll copy this discussion to its talk page Nabla 00:18:16, 2005-08-11 (UTC)

 * Against, agree with and  IZAK (talk) 21:30, 11 July 2019 (UTC)

Merge from Converso
Unlike the merge sugested above, in this case the subject of these two articles is the same, it's simply a matter of having two terms for the same thing. Also note that in both w:pt and w:es there is only one article under the title "New Christian", and "Converso" is just a redirect to "New Christian". EuTugamsg 00:08, 2 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Against, because Conversos were practitioners of Crypto-Judaism and, as Category:Conversos are a sub-category of Category:Crypto-Jews. IZAK (talk) 21:34, 11 July 2019 (UTC)
 * IZAK, I don't understand your comment, can you elaborate (without using Wikipedia categories, please, because WP:WINARS). Agree with your "because" clause; but how do you see the two terms as different?  I think EuTuga has a good point, here. (Note that the definition statement in the WP:FIRSTSENTENCE of this article is suspect, or at least needs a new source.) Just like en-wiki, es-wiki also has two articles for the two terms: es:judeoconverso and es:Cristiano nuevo (the term es:converso itself being a disambig page) but nevertheless es-wiki defines the terms as synonyms. ("A partir 1492 todos los habitantes de ascendencia judía de las dos coronas eran judeoconversos, también llamados cristianos nuevos.")
 * Even if there is a nuance of difference in meaning in English usage of the two terms, that could still be explained in a single article. The only difference I see, is that new Christians could be converts from Judaism or Islam, whereas conversos (English) or judeoconversos (Spanish) only refers to converts from Judaism. This article only has one sentence specifically about Muslims; the rest of the article is pretty much about conversos.  Why shouldn't the two articles be merged? Mathglot (talk) 17:02, 26 August 2019 (UTC)

Merge categories?
In Categories_for_discussion/Log/2019_February_24 there is a proposal for merging Category:New Christians with Category:Conversos. Feel free to join the discussion. Marcocapelle (talk) 08:08, 24 February 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:New Christian


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R v DeSousa

R v DeSousa [1992] 2 S.C.R. 944, is the Supreme Court of Canada case where the Court determined the Constitutionally required level for mens rea for the charge of "unlawfully causing bodily harm". The case is one of a series of cases including R. v. Hundal and R. v. Creighton where the Court reduced the requirement for culpability for a number of crimes.

Background
Shortly before midnight, during a New Year party in Toronto on December 31, 1987, a fight broke out. Several people started throwing bottles including Joao DeSousa who threw a bottle that ricocheted off the wall and hit Teresa Santos in the forearm causing serious harm.

DeSousa was charged with unlawfully causing bodily harm contrary to s.269 of the Criminal Code.

The issue before the Court was whether s.269 of the Criminal Code violated the s.7 of the Charter as it potentially allowed for prison sentences for "Absolute Liability" offences (which was deemed unconstitutional in Re B.C. Motor Vehicle Act).

Ruling
Justice Sopinka, writing for the Court, held that s.269 did not violate s.7.

The charge itself is broken down into two separate requirements. First, there must be an underlying offence (the "unlawful act") with a valid mens rea requirement. This includes provincial and federal offences, criminal or otherwise, but precludes any absolute liability offences. Secondly, the "unlawful act" must be at least "objectively dangerous" so that a reasonable person would realize that the act created a risk of bodily harm. Due to the lack of stigma or any sort of significant prison sentence attached to the offence it did not warrant a higher "subjective fault" requirement (R. v. Martineau).

The Court dismissed the argument that the offence would punish the morally innocent by not requiring proof of intention to bring about the consequences. Instead the offence aims to prevent objectively dangerous acts (this justification was elaborated on in R. v. Creighton).

title: R v DeSousa


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List of programs broadcast by Adult Swim

This is a list of television programs formerly or currently broadcast on Cartoon Network's evening network, Adult Swim in the United States. Although both entities share the same channel space, Adult Swim is classified as a separate network for the purposes of Nielsen ratings.

Acquired programming
† – Denotes Toonami program that previously ran on Adult Swim Action/AcTN (2002–12)

Original specials
For special programming released under the "Infomercials" banner, please see Infomercials.


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French battleship Suffren

Suffren was a predreadnought battleship built for the Marine Nationale (French Navy) in the first decade of the twentieth century. Completed in 1902, the ship was assigned to the Escadre de la Méditerranée (Mediterranean Squadron) for most of her career and often served as a flagship. She had an eventful career as she twice collided with French ships and twice had propeller shafts break before the start of World War I in 1914. Suffren was assigned to join the naval operations off the Dardanelles, where she participated in a series of attacks on the Ottoman fortifications guarding the straits.

She was moderately damaged during the fighting on 18 March 1915 and had to be sent to Toulon for repairs. Upon their completion the ship returned to provide gunfire support for the Allied forces during the Gallipoli Campaign. Suffren provided covering fire as the Allies withdrew from the peninsula and accidentally sank one of the evacuation ships. After repairs the ship was assigned to the French squadron tasked to prevent any interference by the Greeks with Allied operations on the Salonica front. While en route to Lorient for a refit, Suffren was torpedoed off Lisbon by an Imperial German submarine on 26 November 1916 and sank with all hands.

Design and description
The three battleships of the Charlemagne-class battleship that had been authorized in 1893 were still building when the Navy Minister, Vice-amiral (Vice Admiral) Armand Besnard, was able to get the Chamber of Deputies to authorize the battleship FRENCH BATTLESHIP Iéna in 1897 to an improved Charlemagne design. The Chamber authorized another battleship the following year and Besnard, not wishing to delay construction for the time required for an entirely new design, requested an enlarged and improved version of Iéna.

Suffren was intended to have only modest improvements in armament and armour, but the number of improvements grew as the project was discussed by the Conseil des travaux de la Marine (Board of Construction) so that she was essentially a new design, retaining only some of Iéna's layout. The biggest changes were that the bulk of the secondary armament was mounted in turrets, rather than Iéna's casemates, and the stowage of shells for the main armament was increased from 45 to 60 rounds per gun.

General characteristics
Suffren was 3.55 m longer than Iéna, being 125.91 m long overall. She had a beam of 21.42 m and a draught of 7.39 m forward and 8.22 m aft. She displaced 12432 t at normal displacement, and 12892 t at full load, over 700 t more than the earlier ship. Suffren was fitted with bilge keels to reduce her rolling. Her crew numbered 31 officers and 637 men as a private ship and 42 officers and 700 sailors as a flagship.

Propulsion
Suffren was powered by three Indret vertical triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one propeller shaft. The centre shaft drove a three-bladed screw propeller and the wing propellers were four-bladed; each was 4.39 m in diameter. The engines used steam provided by 24 Niclausse boilers at a working pressure of 18 kg/cm2. Rated at a total of 16200 ihp, the engines were intended to give the ship a speed of 17 kn. During her sea trials on 12 November 1903, they produced 16809 ihp and gave a top speed of 17.9 knots. The ship carried a maximum of 1233 t of coal which allowed her to steam for 3086 nmi at a speed of 12 kn. Suffren carried 52.15 t of fuel oil to be sprayed on the coal to improve its burn rate. The ship's 80-volt electrical power was provided by two 600-ampere and three 1,200-ampere dynamos.

Armament
Like Iéna, Suffren carried her main armament of four 40-calibre Canon de 305 mm Modèle 1893/96 guns in two twin-gun turrets, one each fore and aft of the superstructure. The turrets were traversed by electric motors, but were elevated and depressed by hand. The guns were loaded at an angle of −5° and they had a maximum elevation of +15°. They fired 349.4 kg armour-piercing projectiles at the rate of roughly one round per minute. They had a muzzle velocity of 855 m/s which gave a range of 12000 m at maximum elevation. Suffren carried 60 shells for each gun with each turret holding ready-use racks for 22 projectiles.

The ship's secondary armament consisted of ten 45-calibre Canon de 164.7 mm Modèle 1893/96 guns. Six of these were mounted in single-gun turrets on each side of the superstructure and the remaining four guns were positioned below them on the upper deck in individual casemates that were sponsoned out over the tumblehome of the sides. The guns fired 54.9 kg shells at a muzzle velocity of 900 m/s to a maximum range of 10800 m. Their theoretical rate of fire was between two and three rounds per minute. Suffren carried 200 shells for each gun. She also carried eight 45-calibre Canon de 100 mm Modèle 1893 guns in shielded mounts on the shelter deck and on the superstructure. These guns fired a 16 kg projectile at 710 m/s, which could be elevated up to +20° for a maximum range of 9000 m. Their maximum rate of fire was four rounds per minute. The ship carried 2,000 shells for these guns.

For defence against torpedo boats, Suffren mounted twenty-two 50-calibre Canon de 47 mm Modèle 1885 Hotchkiss guns. They were positioned in the fighting tops and on the superstructure. They fired a 1.5 kg projectile at 650 m/s to a maximum range of 5000 m. Their theoretical maximum rate of fire was fifteen rounds per minute, but only seven rounds per minute sustained. Suffren carried 16,500 rounds for these guns. Two 37 mm Modèle 1885 Hotchkiss guns were also mounted on the upper bridge.

The ship was equipped with four 450 mm torpedo tubes on the broadside. Two of these were submerged, abaft the forward turret, and fixed at a 30° angle to the side. The two above-water tubes could traverse 80°. Normally Suffren carried twelve Modèle 1892 torpedoes, of which four were training models.

Armour
Suffren had a complete waterline armour belt of Harvey armour that had a maximum thickness of 300 mm amidships and reduced to 250 mm at the bow and 230 mm at the stern. The lower edge of this belt was 124 mm in thickness amidships and thinned to 113 mm at the bow and 100 mm at the stern. The armour plates were 2.5 m high of which 1.4 m was above the waterline and 1.1 m below it. Above this was a strake of special-steel armour that extended from the bow to the aft transverse bulkhead below the aft main-gun turret. In thickness it ranged from 70 mm at the bow to 110 mm amidships. This armour was backed by a highly subdivided cofferdam intended to reduce flooding from any penetrating hits as its compartments were filled by water-resistant "bricks" of dried Zostera seaweed (briquettes de zostère). The outer sides of the casemates were protected by special-steel plates 110 millimetres thick. The casemates were separated by an 80 mm transverse bulkhead and a centreline bulkhead 50 mm thick subdivided the casemates.

The main turret armour was 290 mm in thickness with a 50-millimetre roof and the barbettes were protected by 250 mm of armour. The armour for the secondary turrets ranged from 102 mm thick at the front to 192 mm at the rear. The conning tower had walls 224 - 274 mm thick and its communications tube was protected by 150 mm of armour. The armoured deck consisted of 55 - 60 mm mild-steel plates laid over two 10 mm plates. The splinter deck beneath it comprised two layers of 19 mm plates.

Prewar
Suffren, named after Vice-amiral Pierre André de Suffren de Saint-Tropez, was ordered on 21 April 1898 from the Arsenal de Brest. She was laid down on 5 January 1899 and launched on 25 July of the same year. Her fitting-out was delayed by the late delivery of fittings and armour. Suffren began her sea trials in November 1903, but was not commissioned until 3 February 1904. On 18 August 1903 she participated in a gunnery trial with the predreadnought FRENCH BATTLESHIP Masséna off Île Longue. A mild-steel plate 55 cm thick, measuring 225 by, was attached to the side of Suffren's forward turret to determine the resistance of an armour plate to a large-calibre shell with six sheep placed in the turret to simulate its crew. Masséna anchored 100 m away from Suffren and fired a number of 305-millimetre shells at the plate. The first three were training shells that knocked splinters off the armour plate. The last two shells, fired with full charges, cracked the plate, but Suffren's turret was fully operational, as was her Germain electrical fire-control system, and the sheep were unharmed. One splinter struck Masséna above her armour belt and left a 15-centimetre sized hole in her hull. Another 50 kg splinter landed within a few metres of the Naval Minister, Camille Pelletan, who was observing the trials.

When Suffren was commissioned in Brest, she was assigned to the Escadre de la Méditerranée shortly afterwards. After arriving in Toulon, she became the flagship of its commander, Vice-amiral Palma Gourdon, on 24 February. Two months later she carried the President of France, Émile Loubet, on a state visit to Naples. As time went by several defects were revealed in service, including the weakness of the underpowered capstan which was barely capable of raising the anchor in waters 15 - 20 m deep. Another problem was that the centre engine and its propeller shaft tended to overheat. Gourdon was relieved by Vice-amiral Charles Touchard on 4 October 1905. During fleet exercises off the Îles des Hyères on 5 February 1906, Suffren accidentally rammed the submarine FRENCH SUBMARINE Bonite when the latter miscalculated the fleet's movements while manoeuvring into firing position. Bonite rose to periscope depth less than 30 m in front of Suffren, but the latter managed to turn quickly enough while the submarine was crash-diving that Suffren only struck Bonite a glancing blow. This was enough, however, to breach two compartments abreast the ship's starboard engine room and she had to be docked for emergency repairs. Bonite's bow was crushed and several of her ballast tanks were ripped open. Only by rapidly dropping her weighted keel was the submarine able to avoid sinking. No casualties were suffered by either vessel. During the summer of 1906 Suffren's above-water torpedo tubes were removed. She then participated in an international fleet review in Marseille on 16 September.

She was drydocked adjacent to Iéna on 12 March 1907 at Toulon when the latter ship's magazine exploded. Burning fragments started a small fire aboard Suffren, but she was not otherwise damaged by the explosion and participated in the annual fleet manoeuvres that began on 1 July. By 5 November, the ship had been replaced as flagship by the semi-dreadnought FRENCH BATTLESHIP Patrie, although she remained assigned to the 1re Division cuirassée (1st Battle Division). In early 1908 a 2 m Barr and Stroud rangefinder was mounted on the navigation bridge. Suffren was transferred to the 3e Division cuirassée in July. During manoeuvres off Golfe-Juan on 13 August, the ship's port propeller shaft broke and the propeller fell off in water 26 m deep. While a new shaft was ordered from Indret, Iéna's salvaged corresponding shaft was used with such success that the ship's engineers requested to keep it in place and save the new shaft as a spare. This proposal was rejected by the Naval Ministry and the shafts were exchanged. The opportunity was also taken to rework the centre propeller shaft's mounting so that it would overheat less often. In 1909 the battleships of the Escadre de la Méditerranée were reorganised into two Escadre de ligne (battle squadrons), each with a pair of three-ship divisions; the 3e Division cuirassée now assigned to the 2e Escadre de ligne. Suffren, as the most modern of the predreadnoughts, was often attached to the 1re Escadre de ligne to replace ships that were refitting or under repair. In November 1910 the starboard propeller shaft broke and the propeller was lost in deep water. No shaft was immediately available so Suffren had to wait three months for repairs; her boilers were overhauled while a new one was manufactured. On 14 February 1911 the port anchor chain broke while Suffren was conducting towing exercises with two other battleships, killing one sailor and injuring two others. The ship participated in a naval review near Toulon on 4 September. The Escadre de la Méditerranée was renamed the 1er Armée Navale (1st Naval Army) on 31 October as the Marine Nationale concentrated its forces in the Mediterranean.

When the magazines of the semi-dreadnought FRENCH BATTLESHIP Liberté exploded in Toulon on 25 September 1911, flying debris from the explosion killed four men aboard Suffren. The ship was reassigned to the 2e Division cuirassée of the 2e Escadre de ligne as a replacement for the destroyed battleship. She was transferred to the 1re Division cuirassée of the 3e Escadre de ligne on 14 March 1913 and became the flagship of Vice-amiral Laurent Marin-Darbel, commander of the Escadre de ligne, four days later. The annual manoeuvres of the 1er Armée Navale began on 19 May; when they were concluded the ships were reviewed by President Raymond Poincaré. The 3e Escadre de ligne was dissolved on 11 November and Suffren became the flagship of Contre-amiral (Rear Admiral) Gabriel Darrieus, commander of the Division de complément (Complementary Division), four days later and he was relieved in his turn by Contre-amiral Émile Guépratte on 1 April 1914. During a fleet exercise on 28 May, Suffren accidentally rammed the battleship FRENCH BATTLESHIP Démocratie; the latter ship was undamaged, but Suffren had her port anchor and hawsepipe carried away and a 1.5 by hole punched in her hull that forced her to return to port for emergency repairs.

World War I
When the Marine Nationale mobilized in anticipation of war on 1 August, the Division de complément was ordered to Algiers, French Algeria, to protect the convoy route to Metropolitan France. They conducted their first escort mission on 6 August before arriving at Bizerte, French Tunisia, on the 22nd where they began conducting contraband patrols in the Sicilian Narrows. In September Suffren was fitted with additional Barr and Stroud rangefinders near the bridge. Two of these were mounted on transverse rails fore and aft of the bridge. The after bulkhead was removed and the two 100-millimetre guns on the side of the superstructure were moved one deck lower. Guépratte complained that his ships were not well suited to such a mission and he was ordered to take Suffren, the predreadnought FRENCH BATTLESHIP Saint Louis and the torpedo cruiser FRENCH CRUISER Cassini to Port Said, Egypt, to escort troop convoys from British India on 23 September. The following day he was ordered to rendezvous with the semi-dreadnought FRENCH BATTLESHIP Vérité at the island of Tenedos where he was to place himself under the orders of the British Vice-Admiral Sackville Carden to assist British ships in blockading the Dardanelles to prevent any sortie by the Ottoman battlecruiser OTTOMAN BATTLECRUISER Yavuz Sultan Selim and the light cruiser OTTOMAN CRUISER Midilli back into the Mediterranean. The Division de complément was renamed the Division des Dardanelles (Dardanelles Division) to reflect its new role. On 3 November the two French battleships joined British ships bombarding the Ottoman fortifications at the mouth of the Dardanelles. The short bombardment by the Allies, during which Suffren fired 30 shells from her main guns, did little damage, but alerted the Ottomans that their defences there required strengthening. After the predreadnought FRENCH BATTLESHIP Gaulois arrived on 16 November Suffren sailed for Toulon for a lengthy refit.

Dardanelles Campaign

Suffren returned to the Dardanelles on 9 January 1915 and resumed her role as the flagship of the squadron. She bombarded the Ottoman fort of Kum Kale, on the Asiatic side of the strait on 19 February. FRENCH BATTLESHIP Bouvet assisted Suffren by sending firing corrections via radio while Gaulois provided counter-battery fire to suppress the Ottoman coastal artillery. Late in the day the British predreadnought HMS Vengeance (1899) was bombarding the fort at Orhaniye Tepe on the Asiatic side of the strait and began taking heavy fire as she approached the fort. The battlecruiser HMS Inflexible (1907) attempted to suppress the coastal artillery to allow Vengeance to extricate herself, but was unsuccessful. Suffren and Gaulois had to combine their fire with that of Inflexible before Vengeance could successfully withdraw. Suffren fired thirty 305-millimetre shells and 227 shells from her secondary guns during the day.

Suffren also participated in a more limited way in the bombardment of 25 February against the same targets, but this was far more successful as Suffren and the other ships moved as close as 3000 yd from the forts. On 2 March the French squadron bombarded targets in the Gulf of Saros at the base of the Gallipoli Peninsula. On 7 March the French squadron attempted to suppress the Ottoman guns in the Dardanelles while British battleships bombarded the fortifications. Guépratte and his squadron returned to the Gulf of Saros on 11 March where they again bombarded Ottoman fortifications.

They returned to assist in the major attack on the fortifications planned for 18 March. British ships made the initial entry into the Dardanelles, but the French ships passed through them to engage the forts at closer range. Shortly after having done so Suffren was under heavy fire and was struck no less than 14 times in 15 minutes. Most did no significant damage, including a 24 cm shell that bounced off the after 305-millimetre turret, but one 24-centimetre shell ricocheted off the port midships 164-millimetre turret and ripped the roof off the port casemate, killing the entire gun crew. Some flaming debris dropped into that gun's magazine and started a fire, but it was quickly flooded to prevent an explosion. Another shell punctured a hole 80 mm across in the bow which flooded the base of the forward turret. While the French squadron was withdrawing pursuant to Admiral John de Robeck's order Bouvet struck a mine and sank in 55 seconds. Suffren lowered her admiral's barge, her only intact boat, and rescued 75 men before she had to escort the badly-damaged Gaulois away from the Dardanelles. The latter was taking on water by the bow and had to be beached on one of the Rabbit Islands at the entrance of the Dardanelles before she sank.

Suffren was ordered to escort Gaulois to Toulon via Malta on 25 March. Two days later the ships encountered a storm and were forced to seek refuge in the Bay of Navarin. Suffren arrived at Toulon on 3 April and was repaired by 20 May when she returned to the Dardanelles to provide gunfire support for the troops ashore. She remained in the area until 31 December; upon returning to her anchorage at Kefalos on the island of Kos, she collided with and sank the British steamer Saint Oswald, a horse transport involved in the evacuation from Gallipoli, and was badly damaged. Suffren arrived in Toulon on 20 January 1916 for repairs which were completed by April. That month she joined the French squadron of six predreadnoughts assigned to prevent any interference by the Greeks with Allied operations on the Salonica front. On 9 July Suffren briefly became flagship of the reestablished 3e Escadre de ligne when Patrie departed for a refit at Toulon. With the creation of a rival pro-Entente government in Greece in August, the Entente became concerned that the royal government might interfere with its use of Greek ports in October as King Constantine I endeavored to maintain Greek neutrality. On 7 October Patrie, Démocratie, and Suffren entered the harbour of Eleusina prepared to fire on the Greek predreadnoughts GREEK BATTLESHIP Kilkis and GREEK BATTLESHIP Limnos and the cruiser GREEK CRUISER Elli, but things were resolved peacefully and the French ships returned to their base.

Suffren was originally intended to refit at the naval base at Bizerte, but the location was switched when the dockyard at Lorient informed the Naval Staff that it had room for her. On 15 November the ship departed to recoal at Bizerte which she reached on 18 November. She sailed on 20 November for Gibraltar; heavy weather en route delayed her arrival until 23 November. Suffren recoaled and departed Gibraltar the following day without an escort. On the morning of 26 November, roughly 50 nmi off the Portuguese coast near Lisbon, she was torpedoed by the German submarine SMU U-52, which was en route to the Austro-Hungarian naval base at Cattaro in the Adriatic Sea. The torpedo detonated a magazine and Suffren sank within seconds, taking her entire crew of 648 with her. U-52 searched the scene, but found no survivors.

title: French battleship Suffren


text: User talk:65.94.164.162

title: User talk:65.94.164.162


text:
Adam Dollard des Ormeaux

Adam Dollard des Ormeaux (July 23, 1635 – May 21, 1660) is an iconic figure in the history of New France (modern day Quebec). Arriving in the colony in 1658, Dollard was appointed the position of garrison commander of the fort of Ville-Marie (now Montreal). In the spring of 1660, Dollard led an expedition up the Ottawa River to wage war on the Iroquois. Accompanied by seventeen Frenchmen, Dollard arrived at the foot of Long Sault (near present-day Carillon, Quebec) on May 1 and settled his troops at an abandoned Algonquin fort. He was then joined by forty Huron and four Algonquin allies. Vastly outnumbered by the Iroquois, Dollard and his companions died at the Battle of Long Sault somewhere between May 9 and May 12, 1660. The exact nature or purpose of Dollard's 1660 expedition is uncertain; however, most historians agree that Dollard set out to conduct a "petite guerre" (ambush) against the Iroquois, in order to delay (or prevent altogether) their imminent attack on Ville-Marie. For these reasons, Dollard is regarded as one of the saviors of New France.

Dollard in New France
Dollard was born in Lumigny-Nesles-Ormeaux, France in 1635. At the age of 24, he settled in Montreal and took up a career in the military. Aside from some military experience, nothing is known of his activities prior to his arrival in Canada. In Ville-Marie, Dollard had attained a rather positive reputation. In Histoire de Montréal, François Dollier de Casson portrays Dollard as "a youth of courage and of good family" and in the Jesuit Relations, Dollard is described as a "man of accomplishment and generalship". Most importantly, Dollard had gained the trust of Paul de Chomedey, Sieur de Maisonneuve, who authorized Dollard's expedition to Long Sault river.

There is little verifiable evidence regarding Dollard's reason for being in Canada, but it is possible he was contemplating life as a settler in the colony. Tellingly, by the end of 1659, Maisonneuve gave him a piece of land comprising 30 arpents (10 hectares). Upon Dollard's death, Pierre Picoté de Belestre inherited his land.

Expedition west and the Battle of Long Sault

Against the advice of seasoned Aboriginal fighters, Dollard got the support of the governor of Montreal, Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve, to organize an expedition west. The group comprised about 16 volunteers who had little or no experience in Aboriginal warfare. After a 10-day canoe trip up the Ottawa River, they set up camp not far from Carillon, Quebec, in a former stockade. They were soon surrounded by about 700 Iroquois and after a siege lasting several days, they were all killed or captured in what became known as the Battle of Long Sault. For reasons unknown, the Iroquois did not continue east to capture Ville-Marie. The events were witnessed by about 40 Huron allies who at times had joined the colonists in the stockade and at other times had harried the Iroquois from outside. According to some scholars, the battle so weakened the Iroquois they canceled their planned attack on Ville-Marie (Montreal) and returned home. For over a century Dollard des Ormeaux became a heroic figure in New France, and Quebec, as he exemplified selfless personal sacrifice, as well as martyrdom for the church, and for the colony. Agreements on the validity of this interpretation are debatable.

The reason for Dollard and his companions for ambushing the Iroquois is up to debate. Tradition holds that Dollard anticipated an Iroquois attack on Ville-Marie (Montreal). In response, he amassed a small force of seventeen Frenchmen, four Algonquins, and about forty Hurons. They fought to the death and saved Ville-Marie from invasion. There are many scholars who claim his reasons were different. According to André Vachon, some historians claim that Dollard was in debt and thereby sought to steal the furs from the Iroquois who were returning from their winter's hunt. This theory is often criticized. One of such criticisms lies on the fact that Paul Chomedey de Maisonneuve approved of this expedition, which implied that the goals of the expedition were justified on more civil service or military grounds. The more likely reason relates to the reasons given by the traditional narrative. However, a more historical analysis of the context of late 17th century New France is better for establishing a more concrete cause for this mission.

Many historians, such as John A. Dickinson, argue that not enough attention has been given to considerations of indigenous culture in this debate. The Iroquois and the Huron at this time were in conflict with one another. Prior to 1660, the Iroquois wiped out a great many Hurons leaving very few of them in the area of Ville-Marie. Moreover, indigenous warfare, among other things, involves codes of honor. Therefore, as some historians argue, the forty Huron who went up the Ottawa River to intercept the Iroquois did so to fight them because of issues involving honor. The reasons for the Iroquois not to attack Montreal can simply be that the Iroquois did not have any immediate conflict with the French.

The location of the battle is a topic of intense controversy. Traditionally, the battle was fought along the Ottawa River near Carillon, Quebec. This location is based on nationalistic traditions on the part of Quebec historians. Supporters of this location also refer to the countless texts written after the event and for many years after which maintain this tradition. However, other scholars place the event on the southern side of the Ottawa River on the now Ross Farm in Ontario. The location being either in Ontario or Quebec has cultural implications. However, both sides of the debate agree that Dollard and his both French and Indigenous comrades would have taken the route following the Ottawa River since they sought to intercept the Iroquois coming back from their winter hunt. Similar to the Carillon advocates, the Ross farm advocates, in part, base their conclusions on tradition. Traditions include known battles between French and Iroquois in this area, old French inhabitants of the area placing the battle there, and also from the testimony of a Huron eyewitness to the battle. Archeological evidence is also referenced by Ross farm advocates. Archeological excavations of palisades (in which Dollard and his comrades fought in) and considerations of topography coincide with the testimonies of the Huron survivors along with other oral and written traditions.

Representations of Dollard as a Cultural Figure in French Canadian History
The first sources written concerning the Battle of Long Sault are a series of letters composed by Marie Guyart, founder of the Ursuline institute of New France, and a collection of compiled documents from various Jesuit missionaries entitled Relations. These sources, written immediately after Dollard's death in 1660, give descriptive accounts of the battle and emphasize the perceived dualism between Christianity and the barbarism of the Natives. Although he is singled out as the leader in these earliest recorded stories, Dollard des Ormeaux is not the main focus of the battle.

In 1672, François Dollier de Casson wrote Histoire de Montréal. His book included a chapter dedicated solely to Dollard des Ormeaux and the Battle of Long Sault. This work marked a shift in Dollard's personal role in the battle. In Dollier's account, Dollard becomes a central heroic figure. He is characterized by an air of mystery and strong leadership abilities. He also occupies a more active role in the proceedings. Similar to Guyart's account, Dollard is aligned with Christianity in opposition to the barbarism of the Natives.

These accounts of Dollard provided a basis that allowed him to develop into and be upheld as a heroic figure in French-Canadian culture, post-British conquest. These sources also set a precedent of anti-Native American sentiment surrounding the veneration of Dollard.

With the exception of a brief mention in the work of Charlevoix in the 1700s, Dollard and the Battle of Long Sault does not reappear in French Canadian writing until the 1840s. The re-emergence of the tale coincides with the union of Upper and Lower Canada and the ensuing fear that French Canadians would lose control over their rights. The story of Dollard was used by authors in this period, such as François-Xavier Garneau, to secure a space for the French in the national history of Canada. Garneau's text emphasizes the loyalty of Dollard and his soldiers to their nation and the unity of their action.

The rise of industrialization and ultramontanism in the 1860s marked another shift in the story of Dollard. The Catholic Church had become an influential representative of French Canadian interests within the country. To provide ideal moral models, the Catholic clergy wrote versions of history with an emphasis on Christian heroes. In 1865, Étienne-Michel Faillon published L'Histoire de la colonie française au Canada which included an account of the Battle of Long Sault. Faillon's writing places heavy emphasis on the duality between Christianity and barbarity. The language used by Faillon is aggrandizing and glorifies Dollard and his soldiers far more than previous accounts. Dollard, in Faillon's account, becomes an ideal model of Christian morality. Faillon's text became the canon of the Dollard story in French Canadian culture. This attitude was perpetuated throughout the early 1900s. The writing of Lionel Groulx, for instance, portrays Dollard as a figure of French Canadian nationalism and Catholicism. Groulx's writing, in particular, emphasizes the youth of Dollard and upholds him as a model for French Canadian children.

Since controversy has come to light surrounding the circumstances of the Battle of Long Sault, modern historians have challenged traditional visions of Dollard as a hero in Quebec culture. Notable historians on this subject include E. R. Adair and Gustave Lanctot.

English history
Dollard not only occupies a prominent position in French Canadian culture but also appears as a figure in English Canadian history. In the 1860s, Francis Parkman wrote an English account of the Battle of Long Sault. His version focuses less on Catholicism and instead uses the story as a model of continuity of European settlements in the Canadas.

The arts
There have been tributes to Dollard des Ormeaux in Canadian poetry, theatre, and literature. As a response to French marginalization throughout Canada, a lot of this work generally focuses on themes of heroism and the strength of French Canadian ancestors. The art also often explores Dollard's martyrdom for the growth of a nation. Natives are largely absent in these bodies of work and when represented, often depicted as negative figures.

Public statues

 * A monument to Dollard des Ormeaux, created by sculptor Alfred Laliberté and the architect Alphonse Venne, was inaugurated in Parc Lafontaine on June 24, 1920.
 * A bas-relief on the Maisonneuve Monument at Place d'Armes, Montreal, sculpted by Louis-Philippe Hébert, portrays Dollard des Ormeaux in the Battle of Long Sault.

Holiday
In Quebec, as of the 1920s, Victoria Day was commonly known as the Fête de Dollard. After the Quiet Revolution, for some years in the 1970s it was quasi-officially referred to as the Fête de Dollard et de Chénier. In 2003, provincial legislation officially declared the date to be National Patriots' Day.

Toponymy
In Quebec, as well as the Montreal suburb Dollard-des-Ormeaux, there are dozens of places, including streets, squares, and parks, which commemorate the name.

title: Adam Dollard des Ormeaux


text:
Methyl nitrite

Methyl nitrite is an organic compound with the chemical formula. It is a gas, and is the simplest alkyl nitrite.

Structure
At room temperature, methyl nitrite exists as a mixture of cis and trans conformers. The cis conformer is 3.13 kJ mol−1, more stable than the trans form, with an energy barrier to rotation of 45.3 kJ mol−1. The cis and trans structure have also been determined by microwave spectroscopy (see external links).

Synthesis
Methyl nitrite can be prepared by the reaction of silver nitrite with iodomethane: Silver nitrite (AgNO2) exists in solution as the silver ion, Ag+ and the nitrite ion, NO2−. One of the lone pairs on an oxygen from nitrite ion attacks the methyl group (—CH3), releasing the iodide ion into solution. Unlike silver nitrite, silver iodide is highly insoluble in water and thus forms a solid. Note that nitrogen is a better nucleophile than oxygen and most nitrites would react via an SN2-like mechanism and the major product would be nitromethane. For example, sodium and potassium nitrite reacting with iodomethane would produce mostly nitromethane, with methyl nitrite as the minor product. However, the presence of the silver ion in solution has a stabilizing effect on the formation of carbocation intermediates, increasing the percent yield of methyl nitrite. In either case, some nitromethane and methyl nitrite are both formed.

 * Preparation of methyl nitrite.png

The figure shows the two gas-phase structures of methyl nitrite, as determined by IR and microwave spectroscopy.

Methyl nitrite free of nitromethane can be made by reacting iodomethane with nitrogen dioxide:

Properties and uses
Methyl nitrite is a precursor and intermediate, e.g. during production of phenylpropanolamine.

Methyl nitrite is also present in aged cigarette smoke. Here it is presumably formed from nitrogen dioxide (itself formed by oxidation of nitric oxide) and methanol.

Environmental impact
As one product of the combustion of unleaded petrol in air, methyl nitrite has been proposed as a cause of the decline of insects, and hence that of songbirds in Europe.

Safety
Methyl nitrite is a toxic asphyxiating gas, a potent cyanotic agent. Exposure may result in methemoglobinemia.

Methyl nitrite is an oxidizing agent and a heat-sensitive explosive; its sensitivity increases in presence of metal oxides. With inorganic bases it forms explosive salts. It forms explosive mixtures with air. It is used as a rocket propellant, a monopropellant. It explodes more violently than ethyl nitrite. Lower alkyl nitrites may decompose and burst the container even when stored under refrigeration.

title: Methyl nitrite


text:
Andreas Sigismund Marggraf

Andreas Sigismund Marggraf (3 March 1709 – 7 August 1782) was a German chemist from Berlin, then capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, and a pioneer of analytical chemistry. He isolated zinc in 1746 by heating calamine and carbon. Though he was not the first to do so, Marggraf is credited with carefully describing the process and establishing its basic theory. In 1747, Marggraf announced his discovery of sugar in beets and devised a method using alcohol to extract it. His student Franz Achard later devised an economical industrial method to extract the sugar in its pure form.

Life
Andreas Sigismund Marggraf was the son of the pharmacist Henning Christian Marggraf (1680–1754), who owned a pharmacy in Berlin and lectured at the Collegium Medico-Chirurgicum (medical/surgical school). Marggraf came in contact with the pharmaceutical and medical business early and started studying at the medical school in 1725. He studied with Caspar Neumann in Berlin, visited pharmacies in other cities, including Frankfurt am Main and Strasbourg and attended lectures at the University of Halle. He worked in his father's pharmacy and focused his work on chemistry. In later life he helped to reorganize the Societät der Wissenschaften into the Akademie der Wissenschaften (Prussian Academy of Science) and became the director of the physics section in 1760. In 1774 he had a stroke, and continued working at the laboratories of the Akademie until his retirement in 1781.

Scientific work
Marggraf introduced several new methods into experimental chemistry. He used precipitation methods for analysis, such as the Prussian blue reaction for the detection of iron. Marggraf's major work in inorganic chemistry included the improved production of phosphorus from urine and the detection of alkali metal salts in plant ash and their identification by flame test. Before his 1762 work, (al)chemists didn't systematically distinguish between potassium and sodium salts.

His extraction of sugar from beets, which was then only available from sugarcane, was the starting point for the sugar industry in Europe, and the modern sugar industry in the world. Although Marggraf recognized the economic impact of his discovery, he did not pursue it. Marggraf's student Franz Achard, completed the work and developed an economic extraction method for sugar from sugar beet. Other students of Marggraf included Johann Gottlob Lehmann, Franz Carl Achard and probably Valentin Rose the Elder and Martin Heinrich Klaproth. He was the first to isolate glucose from raisins in 1747.

Isolation of zinc
Marggraf had isolated zinc in 1746 by heating a mixture of calamine and carbon in a closed vessel without copper. He was unaware that the same process had been developed (and patented) by William Champion in England around 1738–1740 and by Anton von Swab in Sweden around 1742. However, Marggraf described the process in great detail and established its basic theory, for which he is often credited with isolation of zinc. This procedure became commercially practical by 1752.

title: Andreas Sigismund Marggraf


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Talk:Filter bank

Untitled
Should give examples of some popular filter banks, and also talk about perfect reconstruction.

 * Perfect reconstruction is noted (at an encyclopedic level) in section.
 * I don't know that there is such a thing as a "popular" filter bank, unless you mean WOLA, which is already included.
 * --Bob K (talk) 23:56, 3 February 2023 (UTC)

Stub tag
I'm putting a stub tag to this article. There are many volumes of books on filter banks, and filter banks are being used in virtually every signal processing application nowadays.--C6H12O6 11:06, 30 November 2006 (UTC)

Errata
We say "A filter bank is an array of band-pass filters". But bandpass filters produce bandpass outputs, which are not down-converted and decimated. But many structures called "filter banks" also do the down-conversion. And subsequent synthesis algorithms must include upconversion.

We also say "With the polyphase matrix you easily answer the question for the perfect reconstruction property of a filter bank." That doesn't appear to be a correct English sentence. Besides that, I don't think it is a correct statement, because of the important detail of the design of the analysis and synthesis filters.

--Bob K (talk) 21:15, 14 September 2009 (UTC)

fredric j harris
User:spinningspark wrote: "I'm sure he uses capitalization"

So here is the actual book cover image

--Bob K (talk) 23:37, 13 December 2009 (UTC)

 * That is beside the point, it is still not the proper way to format a citation.  Sp in ni ng  Spark  19:43, 16 December 2009 (UTC)

No, that's a different point. The point is whether or not fred harris "uses capitalization". Here's another counter-example: http://electrical.sdsu.edu/faculty/frederick_harris.html  And I can scan the title pages inside the book, if you like.

As to your next point, check out these edits by other editors:

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Window_function&diff=next&oldid=225774556

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Window_function&action=historysubmit&diff=295853906&oldid=295793664

--Bob K (talk) 22:52, 16 December 2009 (UTC)

 * Ok, I surrender.  Sp in ni ng  Spark  01:30, 17 December 2009 (UTC)

Multidimensional Filter Bank Design
Potentially a good addition to the article. But chock full of errors. Not up to Wikipedia standards. Here are some examples:

 * It has a wide application prospect, researches in this area are very important when people try to get insight to the multidimensional signal. (punctuation)

 * Also filters can be used both in one dimensional signal processing and multidimensional signal processing; and by processing the signal, we can get one or more certain kinds of signal that may be used under different kinds of conditions. (doesn't say anything useful)

 * In recent decades, sub-band handing becomes more and more popular in some fields like image & video processing, communication and so on. (verb tense)

 * However, many of signals mentioned before are hi-dimensional, which ask for the well design of hi-dimensional filter banks. (various problems)

And those are just the first paragraph, of many.

 * Oversampled filter banks are multirate filter banks where the number of channels is larger than the sampling rate.

I assume this is trying to say that the more channels you have, the less bandwidth per channel, and the lower the Nyquist rate. So a fixed sample rate will exceed Nyquist above some minimum number of channels. But "number of channels" and "sampling rate" are quantities with different units.

And so on.

--Bob K (talk) 13:06, 15 November 2013 (UTC)

How does the Nyquist sampling criteria constitute the difference between a filter bank and a spectrum analyzer?
The line "the Nyquist sampling criteria (which is what distinguishes a filter bank from a spectrum analyzer)." seems a bit cryptic to the uninitiated (which includes myself), is it possible to elaborate in the article? Norlesh (talk) 04:20, 14 August 2014 (UTC)

 * It is now explained in the article, although maybe not at the time of your request. Briefly, you can recover the original signal from a filter bank, but not from a spectrum analyzer.  Hope that helps!  --Bob K (talk) 00:41, 14 June 2021 (UTC)

Subtleties in need of a reference
While waiting for an oil change yesterday, I entertained myself with the question of inadvertent phase discontinuities that may occur at the block boundaries of an FFT-based bank of receivers. For instance, consider a complex-valued data-sequence sampled at intervals of T seconds and divided into 512 channels. The corresponding channel spacing and bandwidth is B = 1/(512•T). And suppose the desired output sample-rate per channel is 2B (referred to as oversampled or underdecimated). To achieve that rate, the FFTs must be performed at intervals of 256 samples. The Kth channel, centered at frequency KB, down-converts its passband by KB hertz, meaning that it effectively multiplies the input sequence by $$e^{-i 2\pi KB\ t},$$ where due to block processing, $$t$$ is reset to 0 at the start of each block (every 256 samples). And that creates a phase discontinuity of $$\scriptstyle 2\pi\ K\ B\ 256\ T = \pi K$$ at every block boundary. For even numbered channels, the discontinuity is a multiple of 2π, which is not a discontinuity. But odd numbered channels will experience a sign inversion at every boundary.

 * Since writing that naïve comment 7 years ago, I discovered the WOLA algorithm, which probably prevents the discontinuity I was worried about. But there still might be a synthesis issue (below).  --Bob K (talk) 19:07, 13 June 2021 (UTC)

There is also a subtle issue when recombining (synthesizing) multiple over-sampled channels, and expecting the overlap regions to add constructively (in-phase). It can be demonstrated by the process of recombining a down-converted sinusoid in channel K (e.g. $$S_k = A_1\cdot e^{i 2\pi f t}$$) with its spectral counterpart in channel K+1 (e.g $$S_{k+1} = A_2\cdot e^{i 2\pi (f-B) t}$$). Beginning at an arbitrary time, t1, but with oscillators starting at phase 0, the process is:

\begin{align} S_k\cdot e^{i 2\pi KB (t-t_1)} + S_{k+1}\cdot e^{i 2\pi (K+1)B (t-t_1)} &= e^{i 2\pi KB (t-t_1)}\cdot [S_k + S_{k+1}\cdot e^{i 2\pi B (t-t_1)}]\\ &= e^{i 2\pi KB (t-t_1)}\cdot e^{i 2\pi f t}\cdot [A_1 + A_2\cdot e^{-i 2\pi B t_1}]\\ &= e^{i 2\pi (KB+f) t}\cdot e^{-i 2\pi KB t_1}\cdot [A_1 + A_2\cdot e^{-i 2\pi B t_1}] \end{align} $$ The condition for A1 and A2 to add constructively is B•t1 = integer (n). Equivalently, t1 = n/B = n•(512 T) = 2n•(256 T). (256•T) is the interval between channel-samples (in the over-sampled case). So the condition for synthesis with oscillators that start at zero phase is that it begin on an even-numbered (2n) channel-sample.

I don't happen to have a handy reference for this analysis, since I did it myself, but perhaps someone else does. As far as I know (correct me if I'm wrong), these subtleties are not yet mentioned in the article, which seems like a significant omission. --Bob K (talk) 00:55, 22 December 2014 (UTC)--

Could someone write about how Convolution Neural Networks are related to filter banks? I think a CNN is a filter bank?

121.83.16.187 (talk) 04:18, 18 May 2016 (UTC)

India Education Program course assignment
This article was the subject of an educational assignment supported by Wikipedia Ambassadors through the India Education Program.

The above message was substituted from by PrimeBOT (talk) on 19:58, 1 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Filter bank


text:
Bernard Kenny

Bernard F. Kenny Jr. (born November 17, 1946, in Jersey City, New Jersey) is an American Democratic Party politician, who represented the 33rd Legislative District in the New Jersey State Senate from 1993 to 2008, after serving in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1988 to 1993. He served for one day at the end of his tenure in the Senate as President of the Senate.

Early life
Kenny attended Delbarton School, received a B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania (1968) in Economics and was awarded a J.D. (1976) from the Fordham University School of Law.

Career
Before moving up to the Senate, Kenny served in the lower house of the New Jersey Legislature, the General Assembly, from 1987 to 1993. Upon the resignation of Bob Menendez from the New Jersey Senate, due to his election to the United States House of Representatives, Kenny was selected to fill the vacancy.

A Navy veteran, Senator Kenny is a partner at the law firm of Florio Kenny Raval, LLP. When the Senate was tied 20-20 in 2002 to 2003, Kenny served as the Democratic Majority Leader, and when the Democrats regained majority control, he took over as full Majority Leader, a position he held for the remainder of his Senate term, except for his last day in office when he became President of the Senate.

Senator Kenny was the chairman of the Budget and Appropriation Committee in 2008, and also served on the Joint Budget Oversight Committee, the Joint Legislative Committee on Ethical Standards, the Intergovernmental Relations Commission and the Legislative Services Commission.

Kenny was Hoboken's Assistant Corporation Counsel from 1984 to 1985 and was an Assistant Prosecutor in Hudson County from 1976 to 1979. Kenny served in the United States Navy from 1968 to 1971 as a Lieutenant, junior grade.

In the Senate, two laws Kenny sponsored, the Water Supply Public/Private Contracting Act and the County and Municipal Water Supply Act, make it possible for municipalities to enter into public/private water utility agreements. He sponsored the legislation which conforms the State's trademark law and application procedures with federal law. He also sponsored a law providing for interstate banking and a law giving gross income exclusions for certain savings in Roth IRAs.

Kenny was one of New Jersey's presidential electors casting the state's Electoral College votes after the 2004 presidential election. New Jersey's electors cast their ballots on December 13, 2004, in the State House Annex, in Trenton, where all 15 votes were cast for the Democratic Party candidate John Kerry.

Kenny was a member of the New Jersey Sports History Commission and served on the New Jersey Council for the Humanities.

From 1983 to 1987, Mr. Kenny was counsel to the state division of the American Cancer Society. He served, at the appointment of the New Jersey Supreme Court, on the District VI Ethics Committee which reviewed complaints against lawyers, from 1985 to 1988.

Senate Presidency
To honor Kenny, Senate President Richard Codey resigned his position on January 7, 2008, for the last day of Kenny's term, which ended January 8, 2008, and allowed Kenny to be elected President of the New Jersey Senate for one day. As Senate President, Kenny presided over Senate sessions, set the Senate agenda, and performed ceremonial functions on behalf of the Senate. If Gov. Jon Corzine had left the state or been incapacitated during Kenny's Senate Presidency, Kenny would have served as acting governor.

District 33
Each of the forty districts in the New Jersey Legislature has one representative in the New Jersey Senate and two members in the New Jersey General Assembly. The other representatives from the 33rd Legislative District are:
 * Assemblyman Brian P. Stack
 * Assemblyman Silverio Vega

title: Bernard Kenny


text:
User:Bryanjrod

Hi Bryanjrod! Regarding Ramblin' Jack, you're most welcome! I'm fairly new to wikipedia participation myself. --sparkit 04:06, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Bryanjrod


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Peritrope

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. —Korath (Talk) 04:34, Apr 13, 2005 (UTC)

Peritrope
Google calls BS; 10 hits for the word, and they don't all seem to be related. I think it's a mess of an article on an idiocyncratic non-topic - as the deletion rules so neatly put it. humblefool® 04:07, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep. I got 38 unique hits using google, and they all seemed to be about the same the concept mentioned in the article. None of the dictionaries I consulted knew the word, but if it does in fact exist, then we should have an article on it. Dave the Red (talk) 08:05, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - it was good enough for Plato, it's good enough for me. FreplySpang (talk) 12:19, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Transwiki - seems to be a definition, would need to be expanded to be encyclopedic.Gorrister 19:08, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, it was good enough for Plato. Kappa 21:08, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Transwiki dicdefs of idiosyncratic topics that were good enough for Plato but today aren't (except by Barbara H. Smith, Carl Page, and Myles Burnyeat) deemed relevant to the possibility of any totalized overcoming or transcendence in general. Barno 23:40, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Great, we can't cover Plato now? Kappa 00:05, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Sorry, Kappa, I was parodying your commonly used voting style and the way the article was written. Now that I see Plato used this significantly and Theosophists aren't the only ones who use it these days, I can't deny Plato what we give Ashlee Simpson.  Barno 00:31, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * I checked Wiktionary; they don't have this word. But I Googled without excluding Wikipedia, so I could compare possible derivative sites that aren't literal mirrors but use WP as their basis.  Most of the top-ranked sites (first couple of pages) are legitimate academia, and not just copycat sites replicating a wikihoax or blog postings retelling an urban legend or Everything2 fluff.  The concept is discussed in English as a concept by academics-of-philosophy without obvious local-ness.  I doubt more than a thousand people worldwide knew the word or idea in any year for three millennia until maybe the last few decades.  Did Oxford or Yale students learn this if they weren't philosophy majors?  Based on quality (not quantity) of Google results, I'm changing my vote to Keep.  Barno 00:25, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep --AYArktos 01:18, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC) (the word is in the Oxford English Dictionary (Compact Edition 1971))

 * But it's not in the Official Scrabble Players Dictionary! (Admittedly, that's because the OSPD only contains words of two to eight letters.)  Barno 01:29, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Seems to be important concept in Platonic philosophy. Capitalistroadster 10:08, 8 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Delete --I wrote the article, and I vote that it be deleted on the grounds that it is self-refuting: if 'peritrope' were a real thing, more people would have written about it already. Therefore, the writing of the article only serves to demonstrate that the topic needed to be written about.  But this is to say that the article should never have been written, because 'peritrope' is far too idiosyncratic a 'non-topic' to ever be written about (if it wasn't, more people would have written about it, and there would have been no need for an article).  In short:  the article's very existence demonstrates a need for itself, which in turn can only be generated by the obscurity of the topic (its alienated and 'idiosyncratic non-entity' as humblefool put it).
 * Keep, admittedly there is not much scope for expansion, however it is more than a dic def., correctly categorised it could be useful for people interested in philosophy.--nixie 03:42, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Talk:Dan Hibiki

(Dark hadou) dan/ evil dan or dan with murderious intent Is Reveal In Street Fighter IV Comics
It is reveal that ken, dan, and sakura has the Dark hadou, every one that practice the same style as ryu.. go to www.capcomcomics.com and go up under street fighter IV, you will see the front cover page with evil ryu and evil ken. Aton Crow —Preceding undated comment added 02:18, 14 August 2009 (UTC).

Super Puzzle Fighter 2
Dan appears in super puzzle fighter 2. After winning the 8 regular matches, it shows "Final Fight" or something and shows Dan as the opponent. It shows his counter-block pattern to be all red gems (something which would suck and be easily countered). However, after the fight starts, Akuma pops in, beats up Dan, and serves as the final boss. (Akuma's counter is all the colors mixed up, which is much more difficult to clear and counter)

I think some mention of this should go in the main article.

I'm pretty sure that sketch of Dan does not appear in Street Fighter Alpha 2. It looks like a promotional drawing from a manual or something, so a better caption could be written. Or maybe I'm wrong. --Feitclub 04:07, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)

Gouki being Dan's father Theory.
as a Street Fighter fan myself, who is translating Tiamat's Faq to portuguese, i can pretty much state that there are some gaps on this theory:

1) according to the Theory, Gouki is an evil spirit. the canon more than confirms that Gouki aint nothing more that a very obssesive and determined human.

2) if Gouki is an evil spirit, how can he be brother of Gouken?

3) Dan's father fought Muay Thai. Gouki's style does not have the slightest evidence of having Muay Thai as one of the bases (unlike Dan's Style).and if Gouki had fought Muay Thai before, it would show in his current style, because this is something you can't just forget. specially if you are a obssessed fighter as Gouki is.

4) i've already played most canon games where gouki and dan are together, none of them had the interacton they cite.

so for the sake of proper information, i removed this part.

 * Please sign when you post on talk pages. kelvSYC 17:44, 15 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Anyways, Gouki being Dan's father was simply another gag meant to parody Art of Fighting, where Dan took the role of Ryo Sakazaki and Gouki the role of Takuma Sakazaki. Dan does not have a sister - that was just made up so that the AOF ending could be reenacted in Marvel Super Heroes vs. Street Fighter. kelvSYC 17:44, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

 * 1- Yup

 * 2- Go Hibiki ( Gouken's brother ) was killed by Sagat and became the evil spirit known as Gouki

 * 3- Go isn't a Muay Thai fighter. The theory that he is came from this image of Sagat holding a Muay Thai fighter, however the guy is not Go Hibiki.

 * 4- Unfortunately there is not that many canon games with Dan in them. SF Zero series has little continuity and SNK VS games have even less and SF III games have not featured Dan or revealed anything about Akuma other then his hatred for boats. Frankly anything about Dan Hibiki in games is as canon as it get seeing as how he is not much more then an on going joke on SNK much like Akuma is not much more then an on going April Fools joke. Hence why it's a "Theory" not a fact. However it is pretty important to mention it when it comes to Dan's story line.

 * Hope that clears thing up a bit. I’ll see if I can find more info.

--DanHibiki 19:25, 18 November 2005 (UTC)

Gouki is not an evil spirit. He is Gouken's brother, and is consumed by fighting. He is alive.

Go Hibiki was killed by Sagat. He is dead. He has a large nose and a moustache. There is a charicature of him in Pocket Fighter.

The VS series games are not cannon. -220.0.164.43 12:53, 14 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Looks like you people don't have a clue:

 * Gouki (Akuma) is not a evil sprit. He's just very obsessed with being the world's strongest fighter. On a another note, Gouki never tries to kill innocent people and has even saved a child who fell in the cave he was training in one day. If you want to label Gouki an allignment, let's say he's "neutral- good", but cerrtainly far from evil. Also, Gouki being Dan's father is complete nonsense. They aren't even related. At all.

 * Indeed, Go Hikibi was killed by Sagat, but I cannot confirm if the fighter being held in the picture is Go Hikibi. However, from the sources I remember reading, I believe it is.

 * Go is a Muay Thai fighter, and the reason he fought Sagat was because they were in the "King of Muay Thai" competetion. Go put out Sagat's left eye (hence the patach), and Sagat became enraged and killed him. -MegamanZero|Talk 13:52, 14 January 2006 (UTC)

 * In the image Sagat has an eye patch (as in long after he lost his eye) and has Ryu's scar on his chest. thus making it impossible that he should be holding Go Hibiki as he would have been dead for several years.

I reckon the Muay Thai fighter that you're talking about being held by Sagat was Adon. After all, Ryu defeated him to fight Sagat right?

Just to reiterate the conitiuity for the franchise is notoriously superbad, not even worth trying to make sense of it. However, is there any link with Donovan Baine and Dan? Notice how similar they look.

As for Akuma/Gouki being Dan's father...it's meant to parody the Art of Fighting series as they took one to many leaves out of Capcom's book so Capcom decided to bite back. Hence, Dan Hibiki. Ryu's official bo does not mention that he was involved with the Onslaught incident nr does Bison's state that he was in cahoots with Magneto, so by this logic, Akuma/Gouki and Dan being father and son is as true as Han Solo and Jerry Lewis being brothers. MightyKombat 13:39, 8 April 2007 (UTC)

Not to mention that Dan's sister just says "he's our..." not "he's our father." This makes it possible that Akuma could be related to Dan in various ways, not just being his father. Or he could just be a family friend. 66.63.86.156 16:54, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

Dan being a headswap of Ryu/Ken

 * The black undershirt seems to prove this idea as false, but I'd rather take it to the talk page than outright remove it without discussion. Danny Lilithborne 08:05, 13 March 2006 (UTC)

 * His basic sprites are nearly identical to Ryu's, however all of his moves are different (punches, kicks, etc.) to simulate those of Ryo. In fact they have some latency and have a lower priority to further insult SNK fighting games.

OH-KAY listen, the main sprite is ryu and kens body with a swithed face you can simply observe and see that it is in fact the same sprite, the moves in which he use is SUPPOSED to be different because it is what make them differ in fighting but other that they (Akuma,Ken,Sean,Ryu,Dan) share the same base sprite......,Grimmjow E6 (talk) 23:26, 17 July 2008 (UTC).
 * You're wrong. As I said, Dan's sprite has an undershirt, and his stance and movements are different.  In any case, stating that he is or is not a headswap without evidence one way or another is original research. JuJube (talk) 02:34, 18 July 2008 (UTC)

Actually you havent stated that his stance was different you stated the moves he does ATTACK MOVES ARE DIFFERENT it suppose to be so or it will be like fighting with the same character and also their is only SOME games in which stance is different. In Street Fighter Alpha 3 its the same stance just with an added undershirt and changed head its the same for akuma an added prayer beads but you wouldnt know that wouldnt you? Your just stating something off your own knowledge and passing it on to someone else as if its right, at any rate im done with this topic......,Grimmjow E6 (talk) 23:57, 21 July 2008 (UTC).

Move of the page
Why Dan Hibiki was moved to Dan (Street Fighter)?

in SVC Chaos
When a character is defeated by the Red Arremer, he/she becomes a creature or monster. But Dan doesn't change. I think this might be some sort of humor that means he himself is a monster enough, but I'm not sure. Is there any offical source explaining it? Or any widely accepted explanation better than mine? I asked because I can't find an answer about it anywhere. --Mato Rei 14:50, 18 March 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Retsu vs dan 1.jpg
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BetacommandBot (talk) 04:22, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

Pronounciation?
Is it really necessary to have an explanation on how to pronounce Dan's name? It just seems a tad excessive to me. Krendall (talk) 21:06, 12 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Excessive? The fact his name isn't pronounced like the english counterpart of the name is excessive?--Kung Fu Man (talk) 23:57, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Bias against SNK
I edited out some bias against SNK, such as stating that Art of Fighting was created after Street Fighter 2, when in fact development of the game began earlier. Also, the resemblence of Ryo to Ryu/Ken is overstated. With the exception of a gi (differently coloured), he bore almost no similarities to Ryu. However, the skin tone and hair colour was pretty similar to Ken. Finally, the fighting style of Ryo only shares a few similarities with that of Ryu/Ken, such as the generic fireball and uppercut. 79.71.170.219 (talk) 19:56, 9 June 2008 (UTC)
 * It was Fatal Fury which was created at the same time as Street Fighter II. Art of Fighting came a year after. Jonny2x4 (talk) 20:30, 22 June 2008 (UTC)

... It was created after! Get your facts right! Hey i dont sign my stuff, but at least i do not delete stuff like that moron did! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.48.112.196 (talk) 21:28, 3 August 2008 (UTC)

Dan's Image
Shouldn't it be changed to his SF4 appearance |en&u=http://www.capcom.co.jp/sf4/cs2.html&usg=ALkJrhj5UJWQl82wskWWqJZTyGIHgKvL0g as it is his most recent? And on an unrelated topic, How come the World Warriors had their images changed for SF4 to SF2? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.152.212.103 (talk) 12:20, 28 October 2008 (UTC)

Another Striker
Shouldn't Robert's "Another Robert" striker from KOF 2000 be mentioned in the Dan as a parody section? I know there are tons of little here and there pokes at SNK as well involving Dan, but this one seems pretty significant. --Sabishii_Kage (talk) 17:41, 10 March 2009 (UTC)

Ripoffs
Ryo and Robert are intentionally similar to Ryu and Ken, because they were created by a designer who worked on Street Fighter 1 and designed those characters to begin with. He left Capcom but they kept the copyrights, so he had to make 'bootleg' versions of his own characters. Devil May Cry vs Bayonetta is a very similar case in more modern gaming... 2001:14BA:27F6:AC00:2134:5A75:DFFA:5F4A (talk) 22:30, 6 August 2016 (UTC)

 * It looks like Dan Hibiki already covers this. If anybody wants another source, I think Ryo Sakazaki's article has it.Tintor2 (talk) 22:38, 6 August 2016 (UTC)

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Amended the first game that Dan appeared in for SNK crossovers, the second to none https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNK_vs._Capcom:_The_Match_of_the_Millennium was the very first one and certainly superior to Capcom vs SNK, Dan had his 3 main supers, his taunt super (the level 2 1 must be seen to be believed!) as well as the Otoko Michi as a hidden super, unlike most games he wasn't overpowered in attack power this time but his simplicity is a strength easily overlooked.

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title: Talk:Dan Hibiki


text:
Novelty item

A novelty item is an object which is specifically designed to serve no practical purpose, and is sold for its uniqueness, humor, or simply as something new (hence "novelty", or newness). The term also applies to practical items with fanciful or nonfunctional additions, such as novelty aprons, slippers, or toilet paper. The term is normally applied to small objects, and is generally not used to describe larger items such as roadside attractions. Items may have an advertising or promotional purpose, or be a souvenir.

Usage
This term covers a range of small manufactured goods, such as collectables, gadgets and executive toys. Novelty items are generally devices that do not primarily have a practical function. Toys for adults are often classed as novelties. Some products have a brief period as a novelty item when they are actually new, only to become an established, commonly used product, such as the Hula Hoop or the Frisbee.

Others may have an educational element, such as a Crookes radiometer, Newton's cradle, or drinking bird.

Sex toys are often described as novelty items (varying from this definition, as they do serve a practical purpose), and some products sold in sex shops may not have any practical sexual function, if operating primarily as a humorous gift, such as sex dice. Some food products may be considered novelty items, especially when first introduced, such as deep-fried Mars bars.

History
The French mathematician and astronomer Pierre Hérigone (1580–1643) describes a novelty item that was a camera obscura in the form of a goblet. Hérigone's device was constructed so that the user could spy on others while taking a drink. Its 45-degree mirror had a stylized opening for the lens and the lid bore a magnifying lens at the top.

Lenticular printing was developed in the 1940s, and is used extensively in the production of novelty items. Paper clothing, which has some practical purpose, was briefly novel in the United States in the 1960s.

One of the more popular novelty items in recent history was the singing Big Mouth Billy Bass, manufactured by Gemmy Industries. It is estimated that over 20 million original pieces were sold in 12 months during 2000 and 2001.

Novelty items based on mathematical objects, such as Klein bottles and Penrose triangles, have been manufactured. Models of Möbius strips are sometimes made in place of regular bands, such as rings.

title: Novelty item


text:
User:Fonejanda

Hey Tom

title: User:Fonejanda


text:
Tulips and Chimneys

Tulips and Chimneys is the first collection of poetry by E. E. Cummings, published in 1923.

Description
This collection is the first dedicated exclusively to Cummings's poetry; his work had been published previously alongside others' in Eight Harvard Poets.

Though most now know the title to be Tulips & Chimneys (with an ampersand), Cummings's original title request was disregarded by the publisher Thomas Seltzer, who changed the ampersand to the word "and." Eventually, the book would come to be published together with the collection "&", under Cummings's original title.

Tulips and Chimneys features, among others, the poems "All in green went my love riding", "Thy fingers make early flowers of", "Buffalo Bill's", and "Puella Mea". The original manuscript contained 152 poems of which only 86 appeared in this volume. 41 of the other poems later appeared in XLI Poems, and the balance (along with 34 new poems) were privately printed by the author in the simply named "&" in 1925.

title: Tulips and Chimneys


text:
User:Mac Frazier

Glenn "Mac" Frazier is a thirty-something recovering business executive currently attending a divinity school. He doesn't really have time for messing with Wikipedia, but how can he resist? (He normally does not talk of himself in the third person. Really.)

Well, okay, so that's out of date. To really know what's up with me, go to [GlennFrazier.com].

Upon his ordination into the priesthood of the New Church in May, 2006, Glenn concluded his statement of faith with these words:

"MY PURPOSE in entering the priesthood is to answer the Lord’s call to me to teach His truths and to use those truths to lead to the good of life. Furthermore, I do this so I may cooperate with the Lord in His work of preaching the gospel to the poor, of healing the broken-hearted, of proclaiming liberty to the captives and sight to the blind, of setting free the oppressed, and of proclaiming the year of the Lord’s favor. The leaves of the tree are for the healing of the nations, and my purpose is to show people the way into the New Jerusalem, where the tree of life stands."

Since May he has been fulfilling this purpose through a series of sermons that he has been preaching in Pennsylvania, Ohio, and North Carolina. You can hear him live at www.newchurch.org.

title: User:Mac Frazier


text:
Talk:Positive thinking

Untitled
Comment. It could be expanded. It definitely deserves a better treatment than the current article. --Randolph 04:14, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

It's not the same as Positivism Zephyr103 (talk) 04:28, 28 December 2009 (UTC)

 * Largely overlooked on Positivism is that Comte was looking for the positive approach to life in general. He viewed, or tried to style himself as, a messiah of a new religion although his main body of, or most acknowledged work was in restructuring education. The main goals were things like sociology, behavioral sciences and new religion. If that is not a fine example of positive thinking by definition I do not know what is. It shouldn't have been a redirect to Affirmations (New Age) which it was when I changed it and is proposed for a merger with the current Law of Attraction. It has also been a redirect to Optimism and Attitude (psychology). We are supposed to write each article as though a reader has not heard of the subject before. Optimism and Positivism are probably good adds. Limiting to Affirmations (New Age) and Law of Attraction is pointing the view of the reader to "New Age".
 * For instance, when writing "fine" above I tried looking up "fine point" but phraseology (such as Positive thinking) is often missing from the wiki. If Bill Gates wrote the Microsoft book tomorrow and caled it "Positive Thinking" we would have another phrase lost, "That's that Microsoft book, isn't it? Who is more notable than Bill Gates?" We are supposed to write as though a reader has never encountered the topic not as though we are providing what most of them are looking for already and not as though "positive thinking" was something created by new age which it certainly was not.
 * Law of Attraction says Positive thinking under "See also". ~ R.T.G 14:01, 28 December 2009 (UTC)
 * BTW there are about 46 pages that link to "positive thinking" Zephyr103 (talk) 05:56, 31 December 2009 (UTC)
 * It's a very important phrase. One of the magical learning tools of Wikipedia is the etymology to the extent that any phrase or word which probably doesn't have a major example, such as "positive thinking", too much reference to focus on one example, people expect it to have a nice little etymology or concise description in better form than found in dictionaries and thesaurus. I am rattling on here but its true, once you are out of school a couple of decades and you may write a lot but plenty of words will escape you, or you think they escaped you, you will need a dictionary but you will appreciate the like of what we have on Wikipedia much more. Just read Wisdom. You could subscribe to Oxford dictionary and you probably wouldn't get such a page for one word, everything from first class literary, cultural reference and religion to psychological study (maybe you would get that from Oxford, they do a big bag which I haven't looked at... but...). That's why I don't want to see the like of positive thinking and Positive action, which I have been argueing about recently, redirected to anything particular, something that some one person or group did. The phrase is not attributable to one person or groups actions alone. It equates WP:SCHOOLONEDAY and that doesn't fit the great style of articles like wisdom on the still growing Wikipedia. Language has been around since the days that history struggles to remember. A lot of rich, famous, ordinary and infamous peoples around the world will think and act positively tonight because they are celebrating the new year. They will do it again next year and most of them will not think about Affirmative Action or the New Age. That is something that counts. Now that's one big soapbox but I think it is important. ~ R.T.G 07:48, 31 December 2009 (UTC)

Theme
Defenition of positive thinking 27.123.136.255 (talk) 10:39, 16 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Positive thinking


text:
Talk:Fruitafossor

Vfd
On 1 Apr 2005, this article was nominated for deletion. The result was keep. See Votes for deletion/Fruitafossor for a record of the discussion. —Korath (Talk) 04:14, Apr 7, 2005 (UTC)

Earliest Relative
"it may have been the earliest known relative to the evolutionary line leading to Theria." - What does this mean? Isn't, say, Dimetrodon also a "relative to the evolutionary line leading to Theria" - and even earlier than fruitafossor? ErikHaugen (talk) 14:58, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

Age
Fruitafossa is apparently known from a single specimen. If so, the 155.7-150.8 Ma is an indication of uncertainty and not a duration of existence. The lead sentence should be changed.

Dan Milton (casual reader) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 74.96.211.72 (talk) 04:12, 30 March 2014 (UTC)

Weight
The article says that Fruitafossor weighed 6 g, but wouldn't it rather be 60 g? Because if I type in "Fruitafossor" on google, all the pages say "15 cm long" and "chipmunk sized"... Karli999 (talk) 19:32, 16 April 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fruitafossor


text:
User talk:Filby

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:59, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Filby


text:
Cray Time Sharing System

The Cray Time Sharing System, also known in the Cray user community as CTSS, was developed as an operating system for the Cray-1 or Cray X-MP line of supercomputers in 1978. CTSS was developed by the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (LASL now LANL) in conjunction with the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLL now LLNL). CTSS was popular with Cray sites in the United States Department of Energy (DOE), but was used by several other Cray sites, such as the San Diego Supercomputing Center.

Overview
The predecessor of CTSS was the Livermore Time Sharing System (LTSS) which ran on Control Data CDC 7600 line of supercomputers. The first compiler was known as LRLTRAN, for Lawrence Radiation Laboratory forTRAN, a FORTRAN 66 programming language but with dynamic memory and other features. The Cray version, including automatic vectorization, was known as CVC, pronounced "Civic" like the Honda car of the period, for Cray Vector Compiler.

Some controversy existed at LASL with the first attempt to develop an operating system for the Cray-1 named DEIMOS, a message-passing, Unix-like operating system, by Forrest Basket. DEIMOS had initial "teething" problems common to the performance of all early operating systems. This left a bad taste for Unix-like systems at the National Laboratories and with the manufacturer, Cray Research, Inc., of the hardware who went on to develop their own batch oriented operating system, COS (Cray Operating System) and their own vectorizing Fortran compiler named "CFT" (Cray ForTran) both written in the Cray Assembly Language (CAL).

CTSS had the misfortune to have certain constants, structures, and lacking certain networking facilities (TCP/IP) which were optimized to be Cray-1 architecture-dependent without extensive rework when larger memory supercomputers like the Cray-2 and the Cray Y-MP came into use. CTSS has its final breaths running on Cray instruction-set-compatible hardware developed by Scientific Computer Systems (SCS-40 and SCS-30) and Supertek S-1, but this did not save the software.

CTSS embodied certain unique ideas such as a market-driven priorities for working/running processes.

An attempt to succeed CTSS was started by LLNL named NLTSS (New Livermore Time Sharing System) to embody advanced concepts for operating systems to better integrate communication using a new network protocol named LINCS while also keeping the best features of CTSS. NLTSS followed the development fate of many operating systems and only briefly ran on period Cray hardware of the late 1980s.

A user-level CTSS Overview from 1982 provides, in Chapter 2, a brief list of CTSS features. Other references are likely to be found in proceedings of the Cray User Group (CUG) and the ACM SOSP (Symp. on Operating Systems Proceedings). However, owing to the fact that LANL and LLNL were nuclear weapons facilities, some aspects of security are likely to doom finding out greater detail of many of these pieces of software.

title: Cray Time Sharing System


text:
Talk:Paul Sorvino

Forgetting something?
No mention of Goodfellas? Anti-establishment 20:20, 28 December 2005 (UTC)

Aye, there has got to be a mention - it is a major highlight of his career. --Vindicta 21:46, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

I an currently living in Naples, Italy. Recently (early-January) I was watching an Italian variety show on TV. Paul Sorvino conducted the Intro. He used his name, so I know it was him. I believe the show originated in Naples but not definetly. Does he have ties to Napoli? John Mcgarrigle

Didn't he have a short-lived TV series (I think based in San Francisco)?

A correction: Mr. Sorvino's daughter is Moira, not Mora. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 96.254.207.229 (talk) 11:16, 23 May 2014 (UTC)

Why did he leave L&O?
I've never gotten a satisfactory answer for this question. I know George Dzundza left due to a dispute with the show's producers, but I have no idea why Paul was suddenly wiped off the show mid-season. The only good thing about that is that paved the way for Jerry Orbach (but Paul was great too).206.21.157.252 21:33, 1 December 2007 (UTC)

Controversy Section
Here I find a messy, embarrassing little rant with no pretensions of subjectivity. If it still looks like that in a couple of days, I plan to take a broom through it.

SelectSplat (talk) 06:22, 22 October 2009 (UTC)

Filmography Cleanup
I was wondering if anyone would object to my cleaning up the filmography section, organizing it into tables by type of filmography appeared in. It seems awfully messy the way the section is currently laid out.Satanhhh (talk) 20:41, 17 December 2018 (UTC)

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Semi-protected edit request on 31 July 2022
Ssffilms (talk) 15:21, 31 July 2022 (UTC)
 * Red question icon with gradient background.svg Not done: it's not clear what changes you want to be made. Please mention the specific changes in a "change X to Y" format and provide a reliable source if appropriate. Padgriffin  Griffin's Nest 15:59, 31 July 2022 (UTC)

Army service
he was a proud veteran. Why no mention? Colbfi (talk) 19:24, 21 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Paul Sorvino


text:
Talk:Jayendra Saraswathi

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title: Talk:Jayendra Saraswathi


text:
Sceaux

Sceaux is the name or part of the name of several communes in France:

 * Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine, in the Hauts-de-Seine département, known for the Château de Sceaux
 * Sceaux, Yonne, in the Yonne département
 * Sceaux-d'Anjou, in the Maine-et-Loire département
 * Sceaux-du-Gâtinais, in the Loiret département
 * Sceaux-sur-Huisne, in the Sarthe département

title: Sceaux